[HN Gopher] You want to know something about how bullshit insane...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       You want to know something about how bullshit insane our brains
       are? (2018)
        
       Author : Tomte
       Score  : 362 points
       Date   : 2022-08-01 09:41 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (twitter.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (twitter.com)
        
       | seri4l wrote:
       | You can replicate the analog clock illusion without having to
       | move your eyes. Open https://www.online-stopwatch.com/large-
       | online-clock/ in a new tab and Ctrl+Tab, then Ctrl+Shift+Tab. It
       | may take a few tries, but if you switch at the right time it will
       | look as if the seconds hand freezes for more than a second.
        
       | cromulent wrote:
       | I read this tweet thread here a couple of years ago, and it was
       | striking how much of our vision is done in the brain rather than
       | the optics, similarly to modern digital cameras.
       | 
       | Since then I was diagnosed with amblyopia - a "lazy eye", which
       | is not misaligned in my case but is simply not recognized
       | properly by the brain. It's corrected easily when you are young,
       | but not in adulthood. Apparently brain plasticity is the problem.
       | The resulting double vision (diplopia) is quite annoying and
       | sometimes debilitating when you are tired - and there is no
       | surgery to fix your brain's learned behaviour.
       | 
       | It's pretty common - get your kids checked. My parents had no
       | idea, and I always thought being "right eyed" was normal.
       | 
       | Apparently there are some promising new treatments for adults
       | using VR headsets.
        
       | bilsbie wrote:
       | I'm confused how we can do thing like playing sports if our
       | brains are mashing reality this much. How does a batter hit a 90
       | mph pitch if his vision can be delayed by half a second?
        
         | davidmurdoch wrote:
         | Maybe that's why it's so important to "focus on the ball"?
         | Vision isn't retroactivity updated if your eyes aren't
         | shifting.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | austinjp wrote:
         | Prediction, operating at the limits of human ability in an
         | extremely limited (but very impressive) application.
        
         | personjerry wrote:
         | When you're focusing/tracking something your eyes do a
         | different type of movement called smooth pursuit [0].
         | 
         | To see this in action, look around normally - notice your eyes
         | move and then stop, taking in "still frames".
         | 
         | Next, look at your finger and move your finger around. Notice
         | that your eyes smoothly follow the finger around.
         | 
         | When the batter is watching the ball, he is similarly tracking
         | it.
         | 
         | [0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smooth_pursuit
        
           | a_e_k wrote:
           | To help the batter track the ball, MLB stadiums also have a
           | darker, solid-color region called the "batter's eye" behind
           | the pitcher and center field [0].
           | 
           | It's also why pitchers can't wear white sleeves or use white
           | gloves (e.g., Eddie Butler getting his sleeves cut off before
           | he pitches [1]).
           | 
           | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batter%27s_eye
           | 
           | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UR0nHFTWNnY
        
         | fimdomeio wrote:
         | If the batter is not looking at the ball at the moment it's
         | leaving the hand I doubt he can hit the ball.
         | 
         | Also as soon as the pitcher starts moving his body the brain
         | probably starts creating all types of predictions of what will
         | happen next.
        
         | JackFr wrote:
         | He probably isn't moving his eyes, at least not tracking the
         | ball. Presumably his brain is using a basket of other tricks to
         | let him know where the ball is going to be.
        
         | bena wrote:
         | There's a range. Maybe his masking is less. Maybe his brain
         | compensates in such ways that it makes it possible. Maybe he's
         | not hitting the pitch, he's hitting where he believes the pitch
         | is going to be.
         | 
         | 90mph is 132 feet per second. The distance from the pitching
         | mound to home plate is 60 feet, 6 inches. The ball will take
         | under half a second to travel that distance. I think about
         | 450ms.
         | 
         | The actual swing takes about 150ms. That gives the batter about
         | 300ms total to identify the pitch and decide to swing.
         | 
         | They're basically watching the pitcher and determining where to
         | swing based on the release. Once the bat is in motion, it's up
         | to the baseball gods. That's why batting averages are so low.
         | Even great batters are hitting the ball only about a third of
         | the time.
        
         | danielheath wrote:
         | You can estimate where the ball will pass based on how the
         | pitcher moves their hands, before they have even released it
         | (that's why people swing when you pretend to throw but don't
         | release!)
        
         | kristov wrote:
         | Maybe that's why you have to practice to be good at sports. I
         | couldn't hit a 90 mph ball to save my life.
        
       | zip1234 wrote:
       | This is why driving is the most dangerous activity most people
       | usually do.
        
         | pyinstallwoes wrote:
         | Why? The entire activity is within our simulated expectation of
         | how time works vs how it really works.
         | 
         | To the aliens we are using bumper lanes for time. Like bowling.
        
           | otikik wrote:
           | We are using a system that was grown, trained and optimized
           | for a ~80kg mostly-water biped with full proprioception and 5
           | senses to move a ~1900kg metal quadruped using only vision
           | and hearing.
           | 
           | A car routinely reaches 120 km/h. The fastest human who ever
           | existed, Usain Bolt, can only sustain a third of that for ~10
           | seconds.
        
           | zip1234 wrote:
           | It's not just saccades, it is the entire system of vision and
           | all of the approximations that the brain is doing in order to
           | process the information. The twitter thread only goes into a
           | couple things. There is also inattentional blindness, which
           | happens all the time in driving due to distractions.
        
         | archi42 wrote:
         | Anecdata: Just a few days ago I was entering a road after
         | checking really carefully for absence of traffic (I had a heavy
         | trailer attached and knew I needed some more time). Visibility
         | on the left was excellent, but on the right not so much, so I
         | waited for the right side to clear... look left, also clear,
         | great... quickly check right again, still all clear. I was
         | surprised by the car coming from the right honking at me after
         | I entered the lane, because I was 100% sure that it wasn't
         | there before and could not have been "hiding" behind the
         | A-pillar. Maybe they were too fast, but now I think it's
         | realistically possible that my perception tricked me because
         | the glance to the right was too quick. Will definitely adjust
         | the timing for that.
        
         | spywaregorilla wrote:
         | Pretty sure driving would be the most dangerous thing most
         | people do without this
        
         | GuB-42 wrote:
         | Not really, safe driving is not about split second decisions.
         | 
         | Cars have a lot of inertia, at highway speeds, it takes several
         | seconds to stop your car, and your ability to avoid obstacles
         | is limited. Even with instant reactions, it won't make much of
         | a difference, the car can't do better.
         | 
         | So driving is more about planning what you are going to do for
         | the next 10 seconds and making sure nothing bad can happen
         | during that time period, if things are not sure, take defensive
         | action (slow down, ...). In fact, most good drivers don't pay
         | attention to what's just in front of them, they can't do
         | anything about it anyways. Instead, they will continuously
         | focus their attention on what comes next and act accordingly.
        
         | tiborsaas wrote:
         | I highly doubt that, driving is dangerous because of: ego,
         | technical failures, carelessness, sleep deprivation and other
         | human factors. Probably our visual imperfections are the least
         | important things to blame.
        
           | zip1234 wrote:
           | My meaning is that, for example, ego and carelessness are
           | tied into our visual system. People believe they are more
           | attentive and have better reactions than they actually have.
        
         | bambax wrote:
         | Yes! This is why you need to look _twice_ at everything, esp.
         | at intersections, while also moving your head. If you do a
         | simple glance, your brain will be perfectly happy to show you a
         | nice empty road, ignoring the incoming vehicle that it didn 't
         | have time to properly see. (I was actually taught this when I
         | got my motorcycle license.)
        
       | senden9 wrote:
       | I've had cataracts since birth. It's a relatively dense area in
       | the middle of my field of view. My brain interpolates information
       | there as well as possible. Because of this I never see a stain.
       | It's funny to spot the bugs in this process though. For example,
       | objects may become visible because of eye movement that were
       | previously invisible because they were completely obscured by
       | cataracts.
        
       | batch12 wrote:
       | If this happens every time your eyes move, what happens during
       | REM sleep?
        
         | exikyut wrote:
         | Huh. This is all about the impact on vision as opposed to
         | imagination (or whatever it is that REM does), but that really
         | does pose some interesting questions about long-tail impacts.
         | Mirror neurons come to mind...
        
       | pluijzer wrote:
       | The experiment whit the clock didn't work for me. I see no
       | noticeable delay when looking back to the second hand. Maybe I do
       | something wrong?
       | 
       | Small anecdote: long ago in my teens I had a period where I
       | didn't sleep for days due to an illness. One of the more freakish
       | thing I experienced was a moment where I was watching television
       | on the couch, stood and walk away but for about a few seconds my
       | vision was frozen. Still seeing a frame of the orientation of me
       | sitting down looking at the tv even though I already had a
       | completely different orientation.
        
         | exikyut wrote:
         | a) I personally find that looking at the second hand just as it
         | clicks into position - so I'm looking at the frozen second hand
         | for a whole second - amplifies the effect for me. So I watch
         | the clock for a bit to observe the seconds passing, then look
         | at the wall while still counting the seconds in sync, then look
         | back right at the start of a tick. Preferably while not really
         | thinking about any of that, and paying attention to my eyes and
         | vision.
         | 
         | b) Wow, that is really interesting, I have questions :) How
         | long was everything frozen for? "A few" = 3, 4, 5 seconds? How
         | did you stand and walk away without crashing into anything (or
         | did you maybe stand up, take one step, and stop)? Were you
         | somehow still able to know where everything was, or did you
         | have to rely entirely on positional memory? Before you got up
         | and you were watching TV, did the TV picture seem to be moving?
         | Also, how did this fix itself? Did your vision switch like a
         | saccade, like the replaced (correct) image was the most normal
         | thing in the world (regardless that it happened late), or was
         | it like waking up, or...?
         | 
         | It admittedly sounds kind of like the vision system went to
         | sleep from exhaustion - then took a couple seconds to boot back
         | up :P
         | 
         | I'm also very curious what the illness was, but it's quite
         | reasonable that's irrelevant to the impact and this phenomena.
        
         | Arnavion wrote:
         | Try the experiment a few times. It only works if you happen to
         | look right after it changed to the number you see. Eg it
         | changes to :57, 0.1s later you start looking at it, 0.9s later
         | it changes to :58, 1s later it changes to :59. But to you the
         | delay between :57 and :58 will seem noticeably longer than :58
         | and :59.
         | 
         | If you happen to look at :57 when it's already been on :57 for,
         | say, 0.5s, then it'll change to :58 0.5s later. It might seem
         | like 0.7s to you but you wouldn't have any way to know it was
         | supposed to be 0.5s.
        
       | throw7 wrote:
       | They'll tolerate reading it on twitter?
        
       | jasonincanada wrote:
       | I wonder if this explains how I almost never see the minutes
       | click over on a digital clock. I think of how often I check the
       | time, say maybe 1 second at a time staring at the clock, it
       | should at least every now and then be flicking over to the next
       | minute, but it almost never seems to happen while I'm actually
       | looking at it
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | If you normally glance at the time fir half a second, the
         | switchover only happens every 120th time on average, which is
         | infrequent enough that your brain simply doesn't expect it in
         | that context. Maybe it then just cuts out that "glitch" in the
         | rare cases it happens.
        
       | kzrdude wrote:
       | The user experience of vision is just great, good engineering all
       | around.
        
       | decebalus1 wrote:
       | Is anyone else bothered by the gratuitous and wrong usage of
       | 'bullshit'?
       | 
       | English is not my mother tongue but bullshit would refer to a lie
       | (horseshit would express disbelief, chickenshit - cowardice,
       | dogshit - awful, etc..) while batshit would refer to something
       | being crazy. Which would also make 'insane' redundant. 'Batshit
       | crazy' would be acceptable as it's most commonly used.
        
       | orangepurple wrote:
       | Archive of thread reader https://archive.ph/RsBpI
        
       | dang wrote:
       | Related:
       | 
       |  _You want to know something about how bullshit insane our brains
       | are? (2018)_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29769275 -
       | Jan 2022 (3 comments)
       | 
       |  _"You want to know something about how bullshit insane our
       | brains are?" (2018)_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23591535 - June 2020 (200
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _You want to know something about how bullshit insane our brains
       | are? (2018)_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=18850203 -
       | Jan 2019 (12 comments)
       | 
       |  _You want to know something about how bullshit insane our brains
       | are?_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=17724178 - Aug 2018
       | (2 comments)
        
       | corobo wrote:
       | For folks who want further info the wikipedia page on this
       | phenomenon is
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saccadic_masking
        
         | qikInNdOutReply wrote:
         | Gets hundreds of poor devils to confess to "running somebody
         | over cause i was frozzen up" in court, meanwhile its simply you
         | were driving to fast for your visual system and it made up a
         | plausible story after your drove into a poor guy.
         | 
         | Guilttrip included.
         | 
         | Here be privatpersons posting about how actions must have
         | consequences.
        
           | corobo wrote:
           | I think that'd be called driving with undue care and
           | attention here in the UK. Generally it's on you when you
           | crash into someone without some super specific exception.
           | 
           | If you want to read more on this though it looks like there's
           | been a study specifically on saccades while driving:
           | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6536025/
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | rlpb wrote:
           | https://e-lawresources.co.uk/R-v-Whoolley.php
           | 
           | "The defendant lorry driver, was travelling on the M62 in a
           | queue of slow moving traffic. He suffered a sneezing fit,
           | losing control of his vehicle he knocked into the car in
           | front. This car in turn knocked into the car in front causing
           | a domino effect involving 7 cars. The Magistrates allowed the
           | defence of automatism. The appeal court held that the
           | Magistrates were right to do so and that an attack of
           | sneezing could amount to an involuntary action for the
           | purposes of the defence of non-insane automatism."
        
       | foobarbecue wrote:
       | The idea that the image comes in "upside down" has always seemed
       | incorrect to me. Isn't it more likely that this is essentially a
       | configuration variable that is initialized undefined, and then
       | set correctly based on comparing the input to other systems
       | (inner ear etc.)? Is there any evidence that it is ever set
       | "incorrectly"? i.e. a baby reaching up instead of down for
       | something?
       | 
       | Edit: to clarify, I'm saying I don't see any reason to think
       | anything in the vision system ever "expects" light from the
       | world's up direction to come in at the top of the retina. Surely
       | the developing brain doesn't know what orientation or flip to
       | expect, and the whole system is constructed based on initial
       | inputs. It was never upside-down.
        
         | paulrouget wrote:
         | Yes. It was never upside-down.
         | 
         | The fact the cells are not aligned with our visual
         | representation doesn't mean it's "upside-down". Like you said,
         | it's undefined, and the brain figures out what these cells
         | represent.
         | 
         | There's no flipping going on.
        
         | stonemetal12 wrote:
         | It is upside down in the sense that if you built a lens system
         | like the eye, the image produced would be upside down.
         | 
         | The system evolved that way so it is never set "incorrectly" or
         | "expected" to be the other way.
        
           | simondw wrote:
           | But that's kind of the point -- the orientation of the image
           | on the retina is irrelevant, unless it's being looked at by a
           | little man sitting right-side-up inside your head.
        
             | jbay808 wrote:
             | Fortunately, his eyes have their own set of lenses that
             | flip the image the right way up again.
        
         | gfaster wrote:
         | If you wear glasses that invert the image, your eyes will adapt
         | to the image after a few days. There is some information on the
         | Wikipedia page of the guy who discovered it
         | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_M._Stratton).
        
           | d_tr wrote:
           | I had an eye surgery for strabismus when I was 5 or 6. They
           | tightened some of the eye muscles. I was seeing everything
           | rotated initially, and over a few weeks the angle gradually
           | went from about 30 degrees back to zero.
           | 
           | I guess it was because the muscle adjustments resulted in my
           | eyeballs getting rotated.
        
           | HarHarVeryFunny wrote:
           | Yeah, ditto for glasses that change/remove colors ... after I
           | few days your perception adapts and you see colors normally
           | again.
           | 
           | It all proves how we don't directly see what's coming thru
           | our eyes - we see the mental model that our brain maintains
           | about the outside word, built/updated via what's coming in
           | thru our eyes.
        
             | affgrff2 wrote:
             | Please hint me to a source on this. I wonder since some
             | time what will happen when you use a VR headset with see-
             | trough cameras and change the color mapping.
        
               | HarHarVeryFunny wrote:
               | I read this a long time ago .. don't remember the
               | specific source. If I google for it I'm finding "The
               | Innsbruck Goggle Experiments", but not sure if this was
               | the same study I've seen before.
               | 
               | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28521154/
               | 
               | http://users.sussex.ac.uk/~ezequiel/AS/Kohler_1962.pdf
        
               | xSxY3fj5gVCmvWE wrote:
               | Try warm-tinted sunglasses for a few hours - world
               | becomes blue for a minute or two when I take mine off. I
               | thought everyone noticed this at some point. I would be
               | surprised if you _couldn 't_ replicate it with a VR
               | headset, although that doesn't sound very comfortable.
               | You would probably also experience a fleeting feeling of
               | hyperrealistic vision, given how low-fi the see-through
               | camera would be compared to your eyes.
        
           | foobarbecue wrote:
           | Yes, I know. That's why I called it a configuration variable.
        
             | Balgair wrote:
             | As for 'errors', yes, they are typically signs of trauma or
             | dysfunction along the neurons that go into V1. You can have
             | people that have blindsight or that can't tell faces apart
             | in the upper half of their vision. You can get some pretty
             | tragic stuff.
             | 
             | You can also have glaucoma or other 'typical' diseases of
             | the eye. Things like blindspots from welding or lasers.
             | 
             | The visual system in healthy people is already a bit odd.
             | You have the foveal blindspot, the differing distribution
             | of rods and cones, the unseeing neurons that do light
             | sensation for melanin production, etc.
             | 
             | Really, the whole sensory chain is one giant bag of 'wait,
             | it does that? huh?'
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riddoch_syndrome
        
               | foobarbecue wrote:
               | Above comment misplaced?
        
             | jakogut wrote:
             | I think it has more to do with the content itself, and the
             | elasticity and adaptability of neural networks. There is no
             | "up" or "down" with inputs. I learned this when working
             | with a machine vision problem. A model will adapt to the
             | orientation or format of a given input. The orientation
             | itself is never a variable, the network simply doesn't care
             | and adapts to it. If you train a model to recognize input
             | in a given orientation, any other orientation will give a
             | high error rate. If you train the model with _every_
             | orientation, it will be able to classify inputs that are
             | upside down, sideways, mirrored, etc., all relative to the
             | original orientation.
        
               | foobarbecue wrote:
               | Exactly. There is no "upside-down" unless you train one
               | way and then flip it. So I wish people would stop saying
               | "babies see upside-down at first."
        
         | grupthink wrote:
         | Rays of light travel in straight lines. Light enters your eye
         | and hits the back of your retina inverted, not just upside
         | down. Left is right. Up is down.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://www.schoolphysics.co.uk/age11-14/Light/text/Pinhole_...
        
           | game-of-throws wrote:
           | Right, but how is this any different than a camera? Nobody
           | goes around saying Nikon designed their cameras upside down
           | and then had to hack around the mistake in software. It's
           | just how lenses work.
        
             | grupthink wrote:
             | > Right, but how is this any different than a camera?
             | 
             | The commenter above argues the image isn't upside down.
             | 
             | > Nobody goes around saying Nikon designed their cameras
             | upside down and then had to hack around the mistake in
             | software. It's just how lenses work.
             | 
             | That's an oddly specific statement. A camera inverts an
             | image using any combination of lenses, mirrors, and
             | software. And if you were building an eye, you would be
             | meticulously poring over these implementation details and
             | discussing all your options. Should you revert the image by
             | adding another lens? Or, do an inverse affine
             | transformation? Maybe you can cross the optic nerves so
             | that the brain gets the correct image? Or program a reward
             | function to individual neurons guided by the vestibular
             | system... etc.
             | 
             | The screen you are looking at right now has gone through at
             | least two transformations - due to the physical nature of
             | light. The fact that you can look around and not realize
             | all this is happening is pretty amazing. There are a few
             | leaky abstractions as noted in the twitter thread.
        
         | Ralfp wrote:
         | As bit of trivia I've had procedure of laser ablation performed
         | on one of my eyes upper edge of retina that detached. I've pink
         | cloud from bleeding obfuse botton half of image in that eye for
         | short time.
        
       | skizm wrote:
       | My favorite visual trick is the chess board illusion. People
       | straight up think you're lying. Even when you draw a line between
       | the boxes with the color and your eyes adjust in real time, I've
       | had people tell me it's a gif or I'm doing some other trick.
        
       | spywaregorilla wrote:
       | The tone of this is grating. That aside, I don't think this
       | mechanism is all that surprising. Inferring the previous state of
       | things helps you better predict its next state.
        
         | xphx wrote:
         | Written as though it's competing for the attention of fourteen-
         | year-olds against meme scrolls, video games and online porn.
        
           | giraffe_lady wrote:
           | That's quite literally the exact context, so yeah.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | TheCraiggers wrote:
           | > Written as though it's competing for the attention of
           | fourteen-year-olds against meme scrolls, video games and
           | online porn.
           | 
           | Well, technically they _are_. Only not just teens. Attention
           | spans have gotten shorter; I doubt that many of my friends
           | can make it through that without checking their phone at
           | least once.
        
         | bowsamic wrote:
         | Well, it is foone...no offence to them but it's kind of their
         | hallmark
        
       | iakov wrote:
       | I've noticed the second hand "freezing" on a quartz watch when I
       | glance at it since I was a kid. When I asked adults about it they
       | didn't understand what I'm talking about and had no explanation
       | at all. Weird, fascinating stuff.
        
         | MauranKilom wrote:
         | I would sometimes catch the seconds hand of our bathroom clock
         | going backwards - but it only ever happened the moment I looked
         | at it.
         | 
         | Nowadays I know why - the seconds hand would vibrate a bit
         | after every movement, and if my eyes "saw" it going backward
         | for a fraction of a second after focusing on it, the brain
         | would complete that to "yep, it just went back a second".
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | Sometimes it's amazing to me that kids trust grownups at all.
         | Those plastic little brains don't filter out dozens or hundreds
         | of things that adults just stopped thinking about because
         | they're so overloaded with other worries. Everything from the
         | sensory, to cultural 'norms' that may not make sense, like
         | casual racism or sexism.
         | 
         | This shows up time and again in media where there are magical
         | creatures that only interact with children. Everything from
         | adults losing the ability to see them (Totoro has two separate
         | classes of invisible creatures), to happenstance (Arrietty is
         | accidentally seen by the boy, because she makes a bad
         | assumption).
        
           | mistermann wrote:
           | Do you think it might be possible for adult humans to
           | simulate the curiosity that young minds are capable of?
           | Perhaps even in short bursts?
        
             | hinkley wrote:
             | I think Michael Pollan might be actively engaged in
             | suggesting some options there...
        
         | sshine wrote:
         | I also played around with this, making seconds go faster or
         | slower.
         | 
         | I understood something glitchy was going on with my perception.
         | 
         | So it is funny to get an explanation.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | chmod600 wrote:
         | If you can hear the tick, is it misaligned with the motion or
         | does the tick time shift as well?
        
         | lazyant wrote:
         | This is the "stopped-clock illusion", an example of
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronostasis
        
           | lloeki wrote:
           | Wondering whether watched kettles never boiling is a similar
           | effect, only at a larger scale.
           | 
           | Time as we experience it is an illusion bordering on
           | insanity, actually everything we perceive seems to be such a
           | freaking illusion it's mind boggling the whole thing works at
           | all.
        
         | chasd00 wrote:
         | wow this is crazy. I had forgotten until now but, as a child, I
         | remember looking at my watch and when the second hand finally
         | ticked thinking "that was way longer than a second".
        
           | rocgf wrote:
           | Same here. I remember seeing this as a kid and being
           | perplexed, but haven't thought about it until reading it now.
           | This is sooo interesting, I wonder how much stuff like this
           | we have hidden away.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | mkeedlinger wrote:
       | Almost ten years ago now I found a site that would help show you
       | all these visual inaccuracies. It was like a more interactive
       | version of the wikipedia article on our blind spot. I haven't
       | been able to find it for years, but it was an awesome expose into
       | how non-objective our vision is.
       | 
       | If anyone knows of this, please remind me! I've been looking for
       | it for years.
        
         | russellbeattie wrote:
         | I just happened to be reading the article on my tablet at the
         | exact distance needed to make the blind spot test work without
         | needing to adjust.
         | 
         | I've seen the effect before, but this time when I closed one
         | eye, before I moved another muscle, the letter disappeared as
         | completely and instantly as if it was done digitally. I knew
         | what to expect and it was still amazing. A truly "holy shit"
         | moment.
        
         | drnyet wrote:
         | Possibly this: https://michaelbach.de/ot/
        
           | mkeedlinger wrote:
           | Not what I had in mind, but just as good (or maybe better,
           | this has a lot more content)!
        
       | igammarays wrote:
       | And this is the reason why Elon Musk made a mistake by saying
       | LIDAR was unnecessary for self-driving cars by assuming that
       | cameras could fulfill the role of vision (He used first-principle
       | thinking: our eyes can drive, so why do we need anything more
       | than cameras?). Our eyes and brains do way more than any camera.
       | The part about estimating the size of baseballs depending on
       | one's intention to hit it also shows that our brain takes our
       | intent into consideration when making moves, something no AI/ML-
       | enhanced camera could ever do.
        
       | otikik wrote:
       | Yes, chronostasis is my favorite "evolution hack" (probably
       | thanks to this tweet).
       | 
       | The difference between a designed system and a "grown" one is
       | that the Universe takes what works and discards what doesn't. It
       | doesn't need for the thing to make any sense at all.
        
       | dusted wrote:
       | I've read about this many times, I don't really believe it.. If I
       | move my gaze quickly from one spot to another I distinctly see
       | the movement as blurry trail..
       | 
       | I'll believe that people ignore it, or do not pay particular
       | attention to it, but I don't believe they _can't_ see it..
        
         | withinboredom wrote:
         | You can become aware of it, or ignore it. Just like you can
         | become aware of your heartbeat, and even influence it.
         | 
         | When I was a kid, I was fascinated with trying to control my
         | heart. Even nearly 40 years later, I'm aware of my heart and
         | it's beating 24/7 and I can't turn it off. I'm curious if you
         | maybe did something as a kid that made you hyper-aware of your
         | vision?
        
           | otikik wrote:
           | You can turn it off, but it only works once.
        
           | dusted wrote:
           | It's probably from training it, I was pretty aware of my
           | vision when I was a kid.
        
         | kayodelycaon wrote:
         | Everyone's brain is a little different. It is possible the
         | masking system in your brain is broken.
         | 
         | I know I have a lot of busted mental equipment. :)
        
         | micromacrofoot wrote:
         | If you move your gaze quickly, yes. Just start erratically
         | moving your eyes and it seems your brain can't keep up and
         | everything will be a blur.
         | 
         | But also keep in mind that even when you're looking at a
         | stationary object, your eyes tend to move a lot. If you noticed
         | the blur from tiny movements too, you'd have a very hard time
         | seeing anything. Reading would be quite difficult, for example.
        
         | archi42 wrote:
         | I believe you're wrong about your belief. As a kid I already
         | noticed that, when looking at a watch, there is a chance that
         | the first second takes too long. And my vision always stays
         | sharp during movement, no blurry tails around anything when
         | moving the eyeballs. Even when "looking" for it and making wild
         | eye movements. But I feel like things become a little bit more
         | detailed (left from me is a window, so that might just be the
         | pupils adjusting).
         | 
         | That's not to say that you're lying about what you're seeing;
         | but it is quite possible both perceptions are possible ;-)
        
         | doliveira wrote:
         | I see the blurry trail once my eyes stop somewhere, not while
         | it's moving. Specially if I was looking at a bright object.
         | 
         | I think for these basic universal perception stuff it's much
         | more certain to refrain from thinking your brain is that
         | different. Most likely it's also filling up your expected
         | perception of a trail.
        
         | psyc wrote:
         | This isn't comparing like with like. You moving your gaze to
         | something else on purpose is not a saccade. Those are
         | unconscious.
        
         | Retr0id wrote:
         | It sounds like you might be the exception. I certainly do not
         | see it.
        
       | mbg721 wrote:
       | "Batshit" is the measure of insanity. "Bullshit" is a measure of
       | inaccuracy, "chickenshit" is a measure of obscurity, and "holy
       | sheep shit" occurs, as far as I know, only in the film "Repo
       | Man".
        
       | mwint wrote:
       | Wait, hold on. I somewhat recently discovered I can "see" pulse-
       | width modulation on dimmable LEDs by moving my eyes quickly over
       | the LED and then examining the trail of dashes left by the light.
       | 
       | How does this square with vision being "paused" during the
       | movement?
        
         | rzzzt wrote:
         | If you are following an object, the saccades routine itself is
         | put on hold and you get more or less continuous eye motion,
         | complete with smooth focus and field-of-view adjustments. I'm
         | doing this for fun when walking alongside slow-rolling cars -
         | the end result occasionally "looks like" a tracking shot
         | straight out of a movie.
         | 
         | Edit: ...OK, field-of-view doesn't vary that much, unless you
         | are Colonel Steve Austin with the telephoto augmentation.
        
           | mwint wrote:
           | Not following an object - this is the procedure:
           | 
           | 1. Put LED at the bottom of vision 2. Look below LED, so now
           | it's at the top of vision 3. There's a trail of light for a
           | fraction of a second, seeming to start from the bottom of
           | vision to the top.
           | 
           | I'm not smoothly tracking anything, just looking at one point
           | and then another. I can clearly see the on-off duty cycles,
           | and I've been playing with training myself to estimate
           | frequencies with this method.
        
             | A_No_Name_Mouse wrote:
             | That's what I do as well with tail lights of cars. There is
             | a clear distinction between LED and normal lights: the
             | LED's form a trail of dots.
        
             | rzzzt wrote:
             | Hmm. I see something similar when looking quickly at or
             | away from bright text (eg. end credits) on a DLP projector;
             | it will get split into its constituent colors in the
             | direction of my eye's movement. I guess the "double
             | buffering" functionality does not completely shield one
             | from experiencing the interim flashes.
        
         | TheCoreh wrote:
         | Vision only seems to be paused briefly. If you repeatedly keep
         | moving your eyes it seems to allow the blurriness through,
         | there's probably a "timeout" mechanism. Probably better
         | strategy to still see something in case your eyes are shaking
         | for a long time for whatever reason than to not see anything
        
       | eru wrote:
        
         | dang wrote:
         | " _Please don 't complain about tangential annoyances--things
         | like article or website formats, name collisions, or back-
         | button breakage. They're too common to be interesting._"
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
         | stevenjgarner wrote:
        
           | blincoln wrote:
           | I have a lot of mixed feelings about Twitter, and resisted
           | setting up an account for many years. But I realized that
           | there are a lot of interesting people out there with AD(H)D,
           | and a platform like Twitter is literally the only place that
           | they can post their content in a way that works for them.
           | I'll take "learn interesting things in a way that's maybe not
           | my favourite" over "not learn those interesting things at
           | all" every time.
        
             | stevenjgarner wrote:
             | This is not a comment about AD(H)D. For all I know I have
             | it too. It takes me a long time to write content. When I
             | write a blog post, I don't publish every one of my drafts,
             | but I do write some specific content or thoughts in each
             | draft. When I feel the draft has accumulated all my
             | thoughts, I publish it.
             | 
             | I get the opposite is just as valid. Was it Paul McCartney
             | who when he was asked how long it took him to write
             | "Yesterday", he replied "I haven't finished writing it
             | yet"?
        
               | corobo wrote:
               | > It takes me a long time to write content.
               | 
               | And they say it is impossible to write in this way for
               | them.
               | 
               | Incidentally I tried to have a browse but couldn't find
               | any blog or even content at all, I have to wonder if your
               | method is actually working or is it in-theory?
        
           | Karellen wrote:
           | > This is not a web trend I would like to encourage but alas
           | it is catching on.
           | 
           | Holy shit. My brain just did the saccade thing and made
           | something that happened in the past feel like the present. My
           | brain is telling me that the parent comment was written 35
           | minutes ago, but based on its content I have to logically
           | conclude it's actually about 10 years old!
        
           | JoshCole wrote:
           | Disliking units of work that compose together via graph
           | relationships on the internet is like living in a spiderweb
           | yet hating strands of silk. You may struggle against this,
           | but you will only wear yourself out. The web will continue to
           | be woven - perhaps even around you as you struggle against
           | it.
           | 
           | Meanwhile a spider can dance along the web - with each step
           | it walks a path and the path under its feet was the blog post
           | you wished was there; it was there, but it just had a
           | different structure than you assumed, one less familiar to
           | you, but no less real.
        
           | corobo wrote:
           | Foone on Twitter threads
           | 
           | https://twitter.com/Foone/status/1440695609913053194
        
       | e40 wrote:
       | A much better way to read this:
       | https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1014267515696922624.html
        
       | withinboredom wrote:
       | I vaguely remember learning in school that the natives who saw
       | ships arrive across the Atlantic for the first time saw the ships
       | made of clouds because they had never seen anything like it
       | before.
       | 
       | No idea if it was a fact or myth, but it's always stuck with me
       | that so much of our understanding and what we see is based on
       | what we _expect_ and not on reality.
        
         | tacocataco wrote:
         | Maybe because the ships came from over the horizon?
        
         | lukas099 wrote:
         | I suppose a ship with a lot of large, white, billowy sails
         | against a clear blue sky would look a lot like clouds.
         | 
         | Edit: I wonder, though, if native people didn't just use the
         | word "cloud" because they did not have a word for "sail", and
         | that was the closest thing they looked like.
        
           | altruios wrote:
           | the chicken and the egg, or the thought and the word.
        
         | exikyut wrote:
         | Expectation and also language.
         | 
         | I've read that there are native languages out there with some
         | large number of words for certain shades of color, and no words
         | for other colors. Speakers of the language can very reliably
         | distinguish the colors they have words for with high accuracy,
         | but can't tell the colors they don't have words for apart very
         | well at all.
        
       | phkahler wrote:
       | This fits with (not sure the term) the model of our brains
       | constantly doing projection/simulation. Your consciousness is at
       | the abstract level and the brain projects successive levels of
       | detail, then compares to actual input at the lower levels looking
       | for differences to correct the simulation.
       | 
       | In the abstract this is very similar to how a Kalman filter
       | works. There is a prediction component and a correction, with a
       | (possibly time varying) adjustments for how much weight to give
       | to measurements. The equivalent here would be to simply ignore
       | the measurements when the eyes move since the input will be known
       | to be messy, and just rely on the prediction.
       | 
       | This turns out the be a very effective (and in some ways
       | mathematically optimal) way to process sensor input even in
       | human-engineered systems.
        
         | frostwarrior wrote:
         | This fits with my personal model of the brain composed of a
         | distributed system made of millions of dumb organisms screaming
         | in coordination to create a bigger, more intelligent being.
         | 
         | Kinda like an ant colony, CUDA and Kubernetes mixed together
        
           | outworlder wrote:
           | > Kinda like an ant colony, CUDA and Kubernetes mixed
           | together
           | 
           | Thanks for the nightmare fuel.
        
         | tootie wrote:
         | I think the author of these tweets is falling in to a common
         | trap of trying to reverse engineer why our brains do what they
         | do and try to ascribe intent to randomness. Everything our
         | brains do is the product of a billion years of random
         | evolutionary events leading up to a system that does something
         | useful for our survival. Trying to explain how our brain
         | processes "images" like a camera is the first mistake. The
         | universe is a wild cacophony of matter and energy and what we
         | see in our brains is just a rendition of the salient bits of
         | data gathered from that noise. Looking at a second hand on a
         | clock or a mirror was never an evolutionary selector. Neither
         | was seeing infrared or ultraviolet. At least, not for humans.
         | 
         | If you want to compare it to a system, then a neural network is
         | actually pretty apt (no coincidence there). Data goes in,
         | conclusions come out. The mechanism takes thousands of
         | byzantine shortcuts to get from A to B and the result is a
         | small number of egregious blindspots in an otherwise highly
         | efficient system.
        
         | ilaksh wrote:
         | Right. We are constantly sampling the environment in small
         | amounts, but we perceive a much larger, more stable and
         | detailed space than we can directly sense in recent moments
         | because our consciousness is based on a simulation integrating
         | a lot of information already gathered.
         | 
         | https://youtu.be/NTnbnw01HHY
        
       | rekrsiv wrote:
       | Gamedevs have known for quite some time that theoretical math is
       | too slow to simulate the universe in real time and sometimes
       | _this_ is what works best.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
       | Luckily this only applies to vision and not at all to more
       | abstract processes like world views and belief systems...
        
         | namero999 wrote:
         | Sounds like a false equivalence. The contradiction here is
         | between our physical rendition of a phenomenon (like the image
         | being rendered upside-down on the retina due to optics) and
         | experience. We don't have a physical description of belief
         | systems or philosophical views (nor we can), so I don't see how
         | the sarcastic remark applies to those contexts.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | jrh206 wrote:
           | Cognitive biases exist in a variety of contexts. The
           | phenomenon of saccadic masking doesn't _imply_ the existence
           | of those other biases _logically_ , but TheOtherHobbes makes
           | a pertinent generalisation, imo.
        
             | namero999 wrote:
             | Like I briefly mention in another comment, there is a point
             | in claiming that what mind does is precisely to constantly
             | deceive itself, yes. But the original comment sounds like
             | hooking up to some factoids to bulk dismiss religious
             | beliefs and meaning as illusions.
        
           | jimmaswell wrote:
           | > upside-down on the retina due to optics
           | 
           | This is completely arbitrary when you think about it. Why
           | would the physical orientation of the brain and its inputs
           | necessarily have to have any correlation with anything? You
           | don't expect it to have any meaning whether you plug in an
           | HDMI cable vertically or horizontally, or what direction your
           | RAM chips face. If someone turned your brain sideways or
           | upside down while keeping the "cables" in tact you wouldn't
           | even know it.
        
             | namero999 wrote:
             | Well, there's nothing I disagree with in your statement,
             | but am also not sure how to fit it within the previous
             | exchange. OP was implying that, because there could be
             | cases where the description of a phenomenon contrasts with
             | the direct experience of it (such as the image being
             | "flipped" due to the law of optics), then we are always
             | deceived. I disagree with that characterization because
             | either we say that mind always deceives itself (I can work
             | with that statement) or you can't exclusively point out
             | world views and beliefs, because in those cases we don't
             | have a physical representation to contrast them with,
             | therefore it's a non-sequitur.
        
         | prometheus76 wrote:
         | Don't worry, it only applies to everyone else's world views and
         | belief systems. Yours are accurate and reliable.
        
           | jrh206 wrote:
           | Mine too. In fact, seven years ago I decided to stop moving
           | my eyes. Since then, both my world views AND my vision have
           | been completely reliable.
        
             | exikyut wrote:
             | It doesn't quite land the same way to have to explain it
             | long-form, but...
             | 
             | I remember learning years ago about an experiment some
             | researchers did where they anesthetized some test subjects'
             | eye muscles (don't remember how), bolted them into a frame
             | so their heads couldn't move, and positioned mirrors above
             | that could be moved with a handle.
             | 
             | What this test setup found was that as long as the mirrors
             | were constantly moving (even just a tiny bit), the
             | participants could generally speaking see completely
             | normally. But as soon as the mirrors stopped moving, the
             | participants reported that their vision fairly rapidly went
             | completely grey.
             | 
             | (The ba-dum-tss here is the "completely reliable" in your
             | comment... :D)
             | 
             | I don't think the optic system in the brain is the only
             | aspect that is "change-stimulated". A bit of a pet theory
             | is that a lot of thought processes are quite similar at the
             | low (and not so low) level.
             | 
             | I'm hoping to come across that study at some point, just
             | not sure what to Google.
        
               | mgdlbp wrote:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troxler%27s_fading
               | 
               | But my favourite one of these when your vision of
               | something _doesn 't_ go away--viewing these test images
               | for a few minutes can alter your visual perception
               | involuntarily for _months_ :
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McCollough_effect
               | 
               | Edit: this might be your study,
               | https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6989(76)90082-1
               | 
               | Edit:
               | 
               | wtf, I didn't know that waking total paralysis was
               | something that's experimented on in humans. It's
               | impossible to search for too, being camouflaged
               | completely by sleep paralysis.
               | 
               | > Before the succinylcholine was administered an arterial
               | tourniquet was placed on the right arm, thus preventing
               | local blood flow and paralysis. This procedure made it
               | possible for JKS to communicate by flexing his hand even
               | during total paralysis.
               | 
               | They found lots of other weird effects when trying to
               | move one's eyes that are partially or fully paralysed,
               | like feeling that the entire world is moving in the wrong
               | direction, being able to see during saccades, and
               | afterwards consciously perceiving an object as being in
               | one direction but reaching somewhere entirely different
               | when trying to touch it.
        
               | aasasd wrote:
               | Ah, the seventies.
               | 
               | > _an arterial tourniquet was placed on the right arm,
               | thus preventing local blood flow and paralysis_
               | 
               | Don't cells begin to die off in seconds after blood flow
               | stops? Did the researchers wire up an infusion to the
               | arm?
        
               | exikyut wrote:
               | Wow, thanks for finding that PDF! I would not have had
               | the first clue where to start.
               | 
               | In the _Fading_ section on page 5 there 's actually a
               | reference to "An Active Feedback System for Stabilizing
               | Visual Images" (1975, DOI 10.1109/TBME.1972.324155), and
               | going and reading *that* is actually making me question
               | my memory of what I originally took note of - I remember
               | a bit about mirrors, I _think_ there might have been a
               | mention of a person 's head being secured, and the part
               | with the handles was my own conjecture (I (again) _think_
               | that the setup described that the mirrors were moved, but
               | I 'm not 100% sure). I'm wondering if this was the study
               | that was being referenced??
               | 
               | Thanks! The linked paper and the reference paper are both
               | extremely interesting * _adds to collection_ *
               | 
               | And it makes total sense that local anesthetic would be
               | used to achieve paralysis, that's one brute force method
               | lol
               | 
               |  _Troxler 's fading_ is infuriatingly annoying (mumbled
               | in biology's general direction), like the "L R" blind-
               | spot test; while I think need to go stare at the
               | _McCollough effect_ for a bit longer, the test pattern
               | was ever so faintly _blue_ O.o
        
               | xSxY3fj5gVCmvWE wrote:
               | You can do this any time. Just look at one point for a
               | minute or two. It doesn't take very long to set in. I
               | discovered this by myself back in primary school (christ,
               | imagine how boring the lessons must have been).
               | 
               | It's somewhat difficult to avoid moving your gaze
               | involuntarily, but it's ok if your eyes saccade just a
               | tiny bit once in a while, the effect will still work.
               | 
               | Another interesting thing is that while everything fades
               | to gray, if you offset your vision by a tiny bit, you'll
               | see this weird emboss effect, where edges of objects are
               | strengthened. It's hard to explain, but it somehow kinda
               | makes sense to me in terms of an image transformation:
               | 
               | inputImage - troxlersFadingOffset = gray
               | 
               | inputImageWithTranslation - troxlersFadingOffset =
               | edgeDetection
        
               | mym1990 wrote:
               | That sounds like a terrifying experiment!
        
           | mistermann wrote:
           | I think it is not just plausible but likely that some world
           | views are more accurate than others, and that various
           | techniques/frameworks can provide not overly difficult means
           | to improve one's approach....but, it is also very easy to
           | wind up with a misleading one, often due to
           | unrealized/unrealizable axioms.
        
           | wussboy wrote:
           | I know you're joking, but this effect you described actually
           | is just another trick our brains play to help us survive in
           | the world. We believe that only we are free from this
           | illusion.
        
         | pyinstallwoes wrote:
         | This will pass the average sarcasm detector I'm sure of it.
        
           | lebuffon wrote:
           | :-))))
        
           | OscarCunningham wrote:
           | But after they read your comment people will have always
           | known it was sarcasm.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | personjerry wrote:
       | The most verifiable part if you want to check it out yourself:
       | 
       | Look at a mirror (not your phone camera), and look at your eyes.
       | Now move your eyes, and try to see the movement of your own eyes.
       | You can't.
        
         | foobarbecue wrote:
         | If you watch your eyes in the mirror and move your head, your
         | eyes appear to do an incredible job of tracking using eye
         | muscles. Are they actually? Or are they actually tracking
         | jerkily and it appears smoothed due to saccadic masking?
        
           | personjerry wrote:
           | Tracking smoothly. Copied from my other comment in this
           | thread:
           | 
           | When you're focusing/tracking something your eyes do a
           | different type of movement called smooth pursuit [0].
           | 
           | To see this in action, look around normally - notice your
           | eyes move and then stop, taking in "still frames".
           | 
           | Next, look at your finger and move your finger around. Notice
           | that your eyes smoothly follow the finger around.
           | 
           | [0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smooth_pursuit
        
             | foobarbecue wrote:
             | Thanks for the info. The part about needing catch-up
             | saccades above a certain speed is particularly interesting.
        
             | gameshot911 wrote:
             | That's cool! I really can't track around the room smoothly,
             | despite "trying" hard to do so! Grr....
        
               | foobarbecue wrote:
               | Haha yes this has annoyed me since I was a kid!
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | outworlder wrote:
               | It is possible to train yourself to do that. I'd suggest
               | starting with the corners of the room, horizontally,
               | where the ceiling meets the wall. Taking your eyes
               | slightly out of focus helps too. You will fail often. The
               | goal is to minimize saccades.
               | 
               | If you are not following a pre-existing "line", it gets
               | exponentially harder.
        
             | thedanbob wrote:
             | I used to play with this as a kid. I have eye floaters[0]
             | that tend to drift down to the bottom of my eyes, so I
             | would saccade my eyes up to bring them to the center of my
             | vision, then focus on the floaters and smoothly watch them
             | on the way down (which actually just kept them centered
             | since I was matching the tracking rate to their falling
             | speed). I was kind of a weird kid.
             | 
             | [0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floater
        
               | usgroup wrote:
               | I did the same thing in much the same way ... So there's
               | at least two of us mate.
        
         | kej wrote:
         | As a follow up, watch someone else doing the same thing. You'll
         | be able to see their eye movements, but not your own.
        
         | sovnade wrote:
         | It's amazing how much our brain does in the background to
         | smooth out processing because it can't handle all of the data
         | coming in. This example several others (the one where you look
         | at the center dot and all others disappear - briefly mentioned
         | in this twitter thread also, the one where you stare between
         | two sets of rapidly updating photos of celebrities..but after a
         | few, your brain gives up and just sort of makes them all look
         | like ogres, etc).
         | 
         | Awesome stuff and I will always do every one of these silly
         | things.
        
         | seri4l wrote:
         | If I get _really_ close to the mirror, so close I can barely
         | focus, look at my dominant eye, then look at the general
         | direction of my non dominant eye, but trying to focus some
         | distant object, I can see it moving.
        
         | boomboomsubban wrote:
         | This phenomenon made me convinced I was unable to move my eyes
         | as a child. I thought I had some strange condition where I
         | could move my focus without my eyeballs moving.
         | 
         | I remember my elementary school teacher saying "don't roll your
         | eyes at me" and me trying to explain I couldn't move my eyes
         | and her awkwardly going "right..." Then continued to believe it
         | for another few years.
        
           | mgdlbp wrote:
           | > move my focus without my eyeballs moving
           | 
           | This is a thing!
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_spatial_attention
           | 
           | I discovered this when I accidentally performed an experiment
           | that showed how paying attention to a bright light in my
           | peripheral vision without moving my eyes caused my pupils to
           | constrict. That was after I became aware that my pupil size
           | affected how blurry things were from nearsightedness (the
           | same effect as in cameras).
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupillary_light_reflex#Cogniti.
           | ..
        
       | linux2647 wrote:
       | > and can even see polarization of light? our good friends the
       | Cephalopods!
       | 
       | I'm sorry what?? That's possible? That's incredible. Anyone have
       | any speculation on what that would look like?
        
         | Winsaucerer wrote:
         | This is a question which I don't think anyone can even
         | speculate at. It's similar to the question 'what is it like to
         | be a bat?', [1] or, what might a colour that no one's seen
         | before look like?
         | 
         | Some people (such as myself) like to distinguish between the
         | physical processes that are involved in the biology of (say)
         | sensory perception, and then the phenomenology. The biology
         | involves things like light waves, retinas, neurons, etc. The
         | phenomenology is the "what it's like". The following is a
         | controversial claim for reductive physicalists who believe
         | everything reduces to the physical, but here goes: there is
         | _no_ way to go from the facts about the physical world alone to
         | any statement about the phenomenology.
         | 
         | The problem with answering the question of what that would be
         | like to see polarised light is hopeless. It's so hopeless that
         | if we had two separate species that could "see" the
         | polarisation of light, we would have no way of even telling if
         | the "what it's like" for one of those species is the same as
         | the next. Maybe for one it's similar to how we see colours, and
         | for another it's similar to what it's like for us to hear
         | sounds. Or maybe it's a completely alien kind of phenomenology
         | with analogy to human experience.
         | 
         | The "easy" question is the biology. We can investigate whether
         | an organism's sensory systems are sensitive to the polarisation
         | of light or not, and if it's done via an eye-like organ, then
         | we might say it "sees" light, even if we have no idea if the
         | phenomenology is anything like our vision.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/What_Is_It_Like_to_Be_a_Bat%3F
        
         | cromulent wrote:
         | It seems to be well established that bees see polarized light.
         | For example:
         | 
         | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3049011/
        
       | muststopmyths wrote:
       | That book recommendation at the end seems really interesting.
       | (edit: I was talking about the SciFi book, Blindsight)
        
         | zip1234 wrote:
         | There is a podcast call "You Are Not So Smart" that talks about
         | all the ways our brain tricks us.
         | https://youarenotsosmart.com/podcast/
        
         | psyc wrote:
         | Dennet's Consciousness Explained doesn't do what the title
         | suggests, but it is great for stuff like this. I think there's
         | at least one section on the brain retroactively time-stamping
         | past events.
        
       | ivoras wrote:
       | This is used to a very cool effect in Peter Watts' novel
       | "Blindsight", about an alien species whose brains are so much
       | faster than ours that they notice and exploit this deficiency in
       | ours.
       | 
       | It's also free to read, e.g. at:
       | https://bookmate.com/books/WiShbinL
        
         | outworlder wrote:
         | I regularly recommend Blindsight here.
         | 
         | It's not an easy read by any means. But the ideas are too good
         | to ignore.
         | 
         | > about an alien species whose brains are so much faster than
         | ours
         | 
         | The reason _why_ they are much faster than ours is fascinating
         | too.
        
         | qikInNdOutReply wrote:
         | There is also a audiobook on youtube.
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_R55gdpgwQQ
        
           | therealdrag0 wrote:
           | Also check your library. I listened to it on Libby.
        
         | Taylor_OD wrote:
         | This is probably the book I loved the most that was an absolute
         | pain to read. I got no pleasure from reading the book but a lot
         | of the concepts and ideas are great. It's just a slog.
         | 
         | I've heard the sequel is good but I've put off reading it for
         | years because I don't want to go through it again.
        
           | Verdex wrote:
           | I enjoyed Blindsight, but I really did not enjoy Echopraxia.
           | It feels like it sort of undoes some of the conclusions in
           | Blindsight. While at the same time failing to do very much
           | with its own conclusions and ideas.
           | 
           | Watts' Freeze Frame Revolution (set in a different universe
           | iirc) feels like a better book to follow up Blindsight with,
           | personally.
        
           | buildbot wrote:
           | I feel exactly the same as you about the first book, I would
           | say the sequel is actually much more engaging as well. I
           | struggled to finish the first one, and finished the second
           | probably 2x as fast.
        
           | deanCommie wrote:
           | Hard same. I ended up spoiling myself on the entire plot and
           | the "big concepts" to justify to myself that it's worth it to
           | go see the execution.
           | 
           | The author watched too many "Cinemasins"-like
           | teardowns/nitpicks of books/movies where characters have a
           | conversation about something that wouldn't happen in real
           | life because they would both know it already (but it's
           | exposition for the audience) and thought "Yes, I will have
           | NONE of that."
           | 
           | SO instead there is absolutely zero exposition or world-
           | building. You're just dropped into a heavy jargon filled
           | environment that has a narrator who refuses to explain any of
           | the terms or concepts (which are frequently VERY interesting
           | once you go read some wikis).
           | 
           | It's a great way to avoid being nitpicked by pedantic nerds,
           | but it's no way to write an enjoyable work of fiction.
        
         | Freaky wrote:
         | Many of Peter Watts books and short stories - including
         | Blindsight, and the short story set in the same universe "The
         | Colonel" - are free to read on his website:
         | https://www.rifters.com/real/shorts.htm
         | 
         | There's also a non-free sequel novel - Echopraxia - together
         | making the Firefall series.
         | 
         | Be sure to check out the "Vampire Domestication" multimedia
         | presentation on that page, for some background on the
         | "vampires" in the series.
        
           | exhilaration wrote:
           | _Be sure to check out the "Vampire Domestication" multimedia
           | presentation on that page, for some background on the
           | "vampires" in the series._
           | 
           | Thank you, that was a fantastic read, really fills in the
           | universe that Blindsight was set it. Here's a direct link to
           | the PDF:
           | https://www.rifters.com/real/shorts/VampireDomestication.pdf
        
             | lifeisstillgood wrote:
             | Wow that took a couple of minutes to level set
             | 
             | (the pdf is a talk by the author above - so Inassumed it
             | was a real talk, and it starts with how they started DNA
             | therapy on an autistic child, who then experienced side
             | effects, blood fixations and ... hang on what? This does
             | not sound ethical ... oh look the logos in the images
             | change, "FizerPharm - for the children", FizerPharm -
             | better living for stock holders"
             | 
             | oh ok.
             | 
             | I get it - it's a low cost version of Resident Evil.
             | 
             | But boy it had me for a minute
        
         | foobarbecue wrote:
         | , as it says in the original post.
        
         | madrox wrote:
         | To me, Blindsight is the gold standard for bleak scifi. It
         | gives the same unsettled feeling one gets from watching, say,
         | Alien for the first time.
        
         | Godel_unicode wrote:
         | https://mobile.twitter.com/Foone/status/1014286291314270208
        
         | thedrbrian wrote:
         | _SPOILERS_
         | 
         | But there's a great bit of video/trailer for the book on
         | youtube
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VkR2hnXR0SM
        
       | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
       | Proof that software doesn't need to be "well-designed" or
       | "clean", it needs to be functional. What you think of as "insane
       | design" is actually just functional design (or polymorphism,
       | depending).
        
         | LesZedCB wrote:
         | yes exactly! i thought insane design was such a weird way to
         | describe it... the fact that it is functional and emergent
         | means is has a satisfying cleanliness, even if we don't fully
         | understand it yet.
         | 
         | another natural phenomenon that gets me like that is the
         | balance of the innate/adaptive immune systems. the fact it all
         | works on chemical physics (don't know the right word here) just
         | blows my mind in the best way possible.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | lake_vincent wrote:
       | For those who hate Twitter threads as much as I do:
       | 
       | https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1014267515696922624.html
        
         | stevenjgarner wrote:
         | Serious question : why do publishers break down their blog
         | posts into umpteen tweeted microblogs? Do the engagement web
         | algorithms give preference to the number of tweets in a thread?
         | I see this is becoming more of a trend (e.g.
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32296873).
         | 
         | If I tweet the 587,287 words of Tolstoy's _War & Peace_ are
         | more people inclined to read it, or at least have it come
         | across their feed?
        
           | samatman wrote:
           | You jest, but I follow a bot which does this for the complete
           | works of Shakespeare. A larger corpus, though by less than
           | one might guess.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | " _Please don 't complain about tangential annoyances--things
         | like article or website formats, name collisions, or back-
         | button breakage. They're too common to be interesting._"
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
         | ornornor wrote:
         | Thanks
        
         | shever73 wrote:
         | If you prefer blog format, Foone used to put their Twitter
         | threads on their blog here:
         | https://foone.wordpress.com/2019/03/01/the-eyes-have-it/
        
           | dredmorbius wrote:
           | I've suggested that link be substituted to the HN mods (via
           | email).
        
       | weaponizedlinux wrote:
       | "So while I firmly believe we're basically just overgrown
       | biological computers, we're apparently computers programmed by
       | batshit insane drunkards in Visual Basic 5."
       | 
       | This explains... everything.
        
       | jtwaleson wrote:
       | I've noticed that the speedometer or rpm gauge can sometimes move
       | erratically when I'm making eye movements while driving. At first
       | I thought the engine or the instruments were broken (I drive a
       | crappy car). Since first reading this thread, it makes sense
       | that's saccadic masking instead. It's pretty cool!
        
         | JackFr wrote:
         | Isn't that the purpose of heads-up displays - to make that eye
         | movement unnecessary?
        
           | jtwaleson wrote:
           | To an extent it should reduce eye movement, yes. My cheap ass
           | car doesn't gave that though :')
        
       | ryanschneider wrote:
       | I have a (thankfully mild) inherited retina disorder. If you read
       | the part about lasers and eye damage it's basically that, but the
       | "lasers" are faulty genes rather than anything external causing
       | the eye damage. And I can verify that at first my brain did an
       | incredibly good job at error-correcting over it, but in the last
       | couple years it's finally been able to "peek through". One day I
       | was hiking and suddenly had black spots in my vision. Then after
       | that I woke up one morning and noticed large black halos in my
       | vision that went away after a couple seconds of being awake. A
       | couple weeks later and I started getting flashing visual
       | artifacts in the edge of my vision.
       | 
       | Which is/was terrifying because I didn't know this was a multi-
       | decade process I was just becoming aware of and instead assumed
       | that if I just noticed this much visual degradation in a couple
       | weeks then surely I'll be completely blind in a couple more?
       | Thankfully that's not how it works, the damage has been
       | increasing at a slow steady constant, it's just that the
       | processes in place to correct for said damage do a _really_ good
       | job at hiding it, until they don't, so the rate of degradation
       | seems much worse than it actually is.
       | 
       | That said, please if you notice any new visual artifacts get them
       | checked up on _immediately_, while my case is a slow genetic
       | issue sometimes it's a detached retina, which can happen for any
       | number of reasons and can usually be reversed quite easily with
       | surgery if caught early. I was "lucky" mine was genetic rather
       | than physical trauma, since I didn't go see someone until things
       | got noticeably worse.
        
         | Tijdreiziger wrote:
         | That reminds me a bit of tinnitus (chronic ringing of the
         | ears).
         | 
         | You expose yourself to loud noises (e.g. at a club or party),
         | damaging your hearing, and afterwards your ears ring for a
         | while. Your brain adjusts and the ringing stops by the next
         | morning, so you think to yourself, "well, this is fine".
         | 
         | Until the day comes that the damage is too much for your brain
         | to compensate, and the ringing never stops.
        
           | xSxY3fj5gVCmvWE wrote:
           | Wait, is that actually how it works? Makes me sad about my
           | hearing. Not sure how I wrecked it - must have been headphone
           | use at loud volume as a kid.
        
         | lijogdfljk wrote:
         | I have self diagnosed _(never saw a doc)_ Ocular Migraines, and
         | the first time i encountered one it both amazed me and
         | terrified me.
         | 
         | I was working and i noticed something was off with my vision, i
         | couldn't read a label. I went to the bathroom and didn't see
         | anything. I eventually realized i had a large deadspot in my
         | vision that my mind was just... autocompleting. It looked
         | flawless, but then i'd pass my hand slowly infront of the
         | deadspot and there would be this strange artifact. My hand
         | would be missing a finger, or this odd blending with the mirror
         | behind it, etc.
         | 
         | It was like some poorly ML generated object removal. The scary
         | thing was i had several, and had no idea. As i experimented
         | with it further that day i was able to disappear entire
         | vehicles (i wasn't driving thankfully), forklifts, etc.
         | 
         | I've only had ~half a dozen in my lifetime that i'm aware of,
         | but i'm still quite fearful of experiencing one while i'm
         | driving. As i likely would not realize what was wrong with me,
         | immediately.
         | 
         |  _edit_ : Oh i should note, as the "migraine" clears, it turns
         | the blindspots into this weird crystalline structure. Kinda
         | like looking through a prism. It's a pretty crazy experience.
        
           | random314 wrote:
           | I had the same problem! Surprised to find the diagnosis on
           | HN!
        
           | mym1990 wrote:
           | I get these as well, it seems very random. I might have one 3
           | days in a row, and then not have one for 3 months. About 15
           | minutes before the shimmering happens, I can already feel
           | that something is off with my vision. The shimmer basically
           | moves left to right/right to left until it dissipates in
           | about 30 minutes to 1 hour. It started in high school, and
           | back then the migraines were the absolute worst pain I had
           | ever experienced. Now they are more or less just normal
           | headaches(sometimes no headache at all even).
        
             | philsnow wrote:
             | > About 15 minutes before the shimmering happens, I can
             | already feel that something is off with my vision.
             | 
             | I've had only a couple of these in my life, both brought on
             | by stress. For me they've both been preceded by about 15
             | minutes of a "feeling of impending doom" (which apparently
             | is an actual medical symptom).
        
             | Analemma_ wrote:
             | Have you checked if there's a correlation with caffeine? I
             | get these too, and like one of the other replies to the
             | parent mentioned, in my case it's definitely connected to
             | drinking too much coffee.
        
               | franga2000 wrote:
               | I remember a recent-ish study that found a strong
               | correlation at 3 or more (or was it more than 3?) coffees
               | in a day, but was inconclusive below that amount. I don't
               | know what the unit of coffee was (probably standard
               | espresso) and I unfortunately no longer remember the
               | source.
               | 
               | There are a bunch of different triggers though and they
               | vary from person to person. Coffee is one I hear very
               | often. For me, the worst is the combination of at least
               | two of {hunger, dehydration, physical activity}.
        
           | hcarvalhoalves wrote:
           | I have this too, when I drink too much coffee.
        
             | lijogdfljk wrote:
             | Back in those days i was quite heavily under sleeping and
             | over coffee'ing, so quite possible. I haven't had an
             | episode in ~8 years, but i also sleep and coffee
             | intentionally these days.
        
           | pitaj wrote:
           | I get this kind of thing when I (very rarely) get a migraine.
           | Interestingly, it comes on like 20min before the terrible
           | crushing headache begins.
        
             | franga2000 wrote:
             | Same for me. It's a useful warning to immediately drop
             | whatever I'm doing, cancel all my plans for the day and
             | find a dark room to hide in.
             | 
             | That said, now that I've found a drug that works extremely
             | well for me, I can often recover in less than an hour and
             | continue my day with only something like a mild hangover.
             | If you haven't already, definitely talk to a doctor and
             | look into migraine-specific medication. They work like
             | magic and the new stuff actually seems pretty safe. I never
             | leave home without an emergency pill in my wallet.
        
             | lavasalesman wrote:
             | Migraine rescue medications that target CGRP receptors like
             | Nurtec or Ubrelvy would help with this. They're modern
             | migraine meds and have no side effects for me.
        
           | franga2000 wrote:
           | I love your comparison with bad ML image inpainting. Not only
           | does it kind of look like that, but it also feels like it.
           | The picture looks fine until you focus on that one bit and it
           | turns out there's no real information there. It's very hard
           | to fully covey it to someone who hasn't experienced it, but
           | this plus what happens when you look into a very bright light
           | comes close.
           | 
           | It would be really interesting to look at different scenes
           | and patterns to see how my brain reconstruct it, if it
           | weren't for the crushing headache that I know will follow in
           | 10-30 minutes from the first sign and wipe me out for at
           | least the rest of the day.
        
           | graypegg wrote:
           | It's always weird to hear someone describe migraines! I've
           | had the exact same experience. At first it's a weird feeling
           | that I "missed" something, then I have trouble reading, then
           | that sort of bad -ML-object-removal spot shows up with
           | sparkly prism patterns around it. It grows until it's half of
           | my vision, and by the point I'm normally keeled over in pain
           | if I didn't take any triptans through that process.
           | 
           | When I was younger and had no idea what triggered them, I'd
           | also get pretty bad aphasia and be almost unable to form
           | sentences. It's really a full-brain experience.
           | 
           | I can totally suggest going to a neurologist. Triptans
           | (either as an autoinjector, or a tablet that dissolves under
           | your tongue) have made a massive impact on my life. They've
           | never stopped pain 100%, but I've come out of that aura long
           | enough to get home.
        
           | rikschennink wrote:
           | I have these as well, but what you describe a crystalline
           | structure is there from the start and then it expands to
           | encompass my right side vision before disappearing out of the
           | edge of my eye sight.
           | 
           | If anyone is wondering what this looks like, this video gets
           | quite close: https://youtu.be/qVFIcF9lyk8
        
           | robotnikman wrote:
           | I recently started having these as well. Only found out they
           | were migraines when I asked my doc during an eye exam.
           | Thankfully my eyes are otherwise fine
        
           | manwe150 wrote:
           | Everyone normally has a small blind spot right off center (it
           | is mentioned near the end in the tweet list), and can hide
           | small objects, if you want to experience the same feeling at
           | a small scale. There is a bright fluorescent bike helmet
           | sitting in front of me right now, and if I close one eye and
           | look slightly to the side it vanishes completely from my
           | sight! Very weird feeling to know something is in my eyesight
           | and cannot see it.
        
           | d_tr wrote:
           | It wouldn't hurt to verify that these are harmless by seeing
           | a doctor. It will probably be a 10' examination.
        
             | lijogdfljk wrote:
             | Good point. I'll bring it up on my next visit, though it's
             | been .. boy, 8 years since i had one last? Nevertheless,
             | doesn't hurt to ask on routine visits.
        
       | anm89 wrote:
       | You want to know how fuckin wiiiiilldddd science is fellow kids?
       | 
       | Title should be changed.
        
       | pyinstallwoes wrote:
       | The craziest thing about this is that it's effectively an attack
       | vector for any adversary to be active within that time window
       | given it can measure eye movements or predict it. I've come
       | across some material that shows some ML/NN stuff was trained on
       | it to validate if it could pass human perception (yes, easily).
        
         | exikyut wrote:
         | I'm admittedly having a hard time figuring out practical
         | attacks that could make use of this.
         | 
         | Screen content manipulation (eg a desktop)? Exceedingly
         | unlikely to be the simplest strategy. Real-world manipulation?
         | Not sure what could be achieved.
         | 
         | Hmm, information suggestion (displaying an onscreen message
         | just outside the field of view, and changing it to something
         | else when the user looks at that area of the screen) comes to
         | mind, but that's not really up there either.
         | 
         | Thoughts?
        
           | pedantsamaritan wrote:
           | Not all people driving cars look left and right thoroughly
           | before turning (but you can learn! [0]) This already leads to
           | crashes and claims of 'coming out of nowhere'. So, practical
           | attacks could be causing crashes. Could cause anxiety,
           | injury, death, monetary loss, etc
           | 
           | [0]: https://www.portsmouthctc.org.uk/a-fighter-pilots-guide-
           | to-s... (been some past HN discussions, searching for fighter
           | pilot got quite a few)
        
           | lovehashbrowns wrote:
           | I'm picturing an automated turret of some kind with the
           | ability to track saccades and aim and track their human
           | target during those periods. Turret is placed in the corner
           | of a room, for example, engineered in a non-obvious shape.
           | The target it's tracking can move around briefly as the
           | turret continues to track the target and in the meantime it
           | can analyze the situation, maybe even phone home for
           | authorization to fire. The human target would have no idea
           | it's being aimed at, right?
           | 
           | Could be useful for something like hostage rescue, maybe?
           | 
           | My problem with this is that once we have machines capable of
           | tracking and exploiting saccades, humans have already lost
           | completely and there's no need for that kind of ability. I
           | feel like our brains are too slow to compete with silicon.
        
         | giraffe_lady wrote:
         | There's a pretty common street fighting move of stomping with
         | the forward foot while you throw a punch. An untrained opponent
         | will glance down and you pop them during the saccade. It's even
         | explicitly part of the "proper" technique in some martial arts
         | that allow both hand and foot strikes.
         | 
         | After it gets you a few times you just learn not to look but
         | there's no general defense against the idea I don't think, just
         | specific applications of it.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | refurb wrote:
       | This is just the brain correcting for inputs and it does it all
       | the time.
       | 
       | My friend had a stroke which damage the occipital lobe (vision)
       | and he had an "empty space" there (about 20% of the field of
       | vision).
       | 
       | After a couple years it was gone. It wasn't really gone, it was
       | just "filled in" by the brain to an extent it wasn't noticeable
       | at all.
       | 
       | If you tested them using accurate equipment to see field of
       | vision you could catch it. But if you asked him, there was no
       | "empty" spot any more.
        
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