[HN Gopher] Why Punish?
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Why Punish?
        
       Author : pseudolus
       Score  : 47 points
       Date   : 2022-07-30 16:52 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (thereader.mitpress.mit.edu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (thereader.mitpress.mit.edu)
        
       | superb-owl wrote:
       | The idea of punishment as a deterrent is hopefully dead and
       | buried at this point.
       | 
       | The U.S. has one of the harshest prison systems in the developed
       | world, and an outrageous recidivism rate - 76% of prisoners are
       | arrested again within 5 years of release [1].
       | 
       | Norway, on the other hand, has some of the most humane prisons
       | [2], and a recidivism rate of only 20% [1]
       | 
       | [1] https://harvardpolitics.com/recidivism-american-progress/
       | 
       | [2] https://norwaytoday.info/culture/what-are-prisons-in-
       | norway-...
        
         | dolni wrote:
         | Only the most naive people think that "punishment as a
         | deterrent" is dead.
         | 
         | It only takes a simple thought experiment to see why that idea
         | is stupid. How many additional murders do you think there would
         | be if the punishment for murder was a day in prison instead of
         | 10 or more years? How many aggrieved ex-spouses, neighbors, and
         | coworkers would turn to violence to solve their problems?
         | 
         | The answer is: a lot.
        
           | avianlyric wrote:
           | You're gonna have to back up that "though experiment" with
           | some data. Or at least a logical explanation, as to why you
           | think the majority of the population are homicidal maniacs,
           | held in check by the threat of prison time.
           | 
           | Otherwise your comment is little more that a dark speculative
           | fantasy.
        
             | lelanthran wrote:
             | > Or at least a logical explanation, as to why you think
             | the majority of the population are homicidal maniacs, held
             | in check by the threat of prison time.
             | 
             | You don't need the MAJORITY of the population to be
             | homicidal maniacs, only held in check by the thread of
             | punishment to see a marked rise in homicides.
             | 
             | I'd guess that even with a low rate of one out of every
             | thousand people being homicidal maniacs only kept in check
             | by the threat of force, you'd get 200x or more homicides
             | than you have now.
             | 
             | After all, a homicidal maniac will, almost by definition,
             | kill repeatedly, and since (in this hypothetical situation)
             | they are not punished for it, there's simply no reason for
             | them to stop doing it.
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | > How many aggrieved ex-spouses, neighbors, and coworkers
           | would turn to violence to solve their problems?
           | 
           | This isn't the real problem, most people aren't murderous,
           | they're kind. The problem isn't retaliation against mundane
           | grievance, which is taken up by people with no sense of
           | proportion and consequence anyway, but the _response_ to
           | crime.
           | 
           | If a hit-and-run drunk driver runs over my child, and the
           | legal system refuses to punish them, I (and most people) are
           | going to take on that punishment as my responsibility. I may
           | not carry it out, but if I don't I'll take the guilt for not
           | punishing that drunk driver to my grave. There's a ton of
           | pressure on me to hurt that person. After I do, their loved
           | ones may retaliate against me in the same way. If I fail and
           | I'm killed myself, that _raises_ the level of grievance among
           | my family and friends. Even people on the sidelines have to
           | become involved.
        
         | spaetzleesser wrote:
         | I think recidivism is more correlated to opportunities for
         | rehabilitation than punishment . When I was at a boxing gymnear
         | Baltimore there were kids from poor families talking about
         | their life. In the US if you are poor you are pretty much
         | screwed once the legal system has you. Your background check
         | will exclude you from decent jobs and it's just a never ending
         | downward spiral. The courts often add some kind of bullshit
         | fees which unemployed people can't pay so they go back to
         | prison.
         | 
         | The US has managed to set up a cruel and heartless system that
         | punishes poor people, costs enormous money and destroys the
         | social fabric of whole communities.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | shakow wrote:
         | And Singapore has a very punitive legal system, while featuring
         | a recidivism rate around 20-25%.
         | 
         | You can't just take two cherry-picked examples and proclaim the
         | ``idea of punishment as [...] dead and buried''.
        
           | SiempreViernes wrote:
           | You argue against cherry-picking, and then you think you can
           | prove something with _one_ single example?
           | 
           | My dude, the other guy provided 100% more data than you!
        
             | mrex wrote:
             | >You argue against cherry-picking, and then you think you
             | can prove something with one single example?
             | 
             | Well... he can! He can prove, with one example, that the
             | other person's thesis doesn't fit the facts.
             | 
             | And he did that.
             | 
             | So, yeah.
        
             | Archelaos wrote:
             | There is a big difference between proof and falsification.
             | The grant-parent wants to establish a general rule, whereas
             | the parent only wants to falsify it. Usually, a single
             | example is enough for falsification. -- There is only one
             | caveat (that's why I said "usually"): The evidence used for
             | falsification must be true, which in itself is a deduction
             | from many detailed observations.
             | 
             | The real flaw in the argument of the parent is, that in a
             | direct comparison between Singapure and Norway Norway still
             | wins: If roughly the same recidivism rates are achieved in
             | a very punitive and a very supportive system, the
             | supportive system is superior according to utilitarian
             | principles.
        
             | shakow wrote:
             | > You argue against cherry-picking, and then you think you
             | can prove something with one single example?
             | 
             | Yes, that's the whole point of a counter-example...
             | 
             | If I try to prove the all odd numbers are prime (look, 1,
             | 3, 5, 7, ... - it works!), you telling me that 9 is not is
             | enough to disprove my theory.
        
       | Cupertino95014 wrote:
       | If you think a more just society requires rehabilitation &
       | showing the criminals a better way, you just got schooled by the
       | far-left voters of San Francisco.
       | 
       | They found out the hard way that there are some very, very bad
       | people out there, and they got sick of them. A very small number
       | of sociopathic folks are not deterred by anything but the
       | certainty of punishment.
       | 
       | In the worst case, all you can do is ensure that they can't prey
       | on everyone else. Lacking capital punishment for most crimes,
       | we're left with imprisonment, or _Clockwork Orange_.
        
         | vaidhy wrote:
         | What got shown was that ignoring bad behavior does not make it
         | go away. I do not see any effort towards rehabilitation or
         | education in SFO, just no prosecution.
        
           | Cupertino95014 wrote:
           | That's right as far as it goes. What's missing is any
           | realization that our society can't do "rehabilitation or
           | education" effectively and if it could, just replacing the DA
           | won't make it happen.
           | 
           | Secondly, as I said, there is a non-negligible criminal
           | population that's already been raised, so all the talk about
           | raising your kids or your dogs properly is kinda irrelevant.
           | 
           | For a really sociopathic person, therapy is just finishing
           | school: it teaches them how to fake normal human emotions
           | more effectively.
        
         | [deleted]
        
           | Cupertino95014 wrote:
        
       | sonofhans wrote:
       | This is mostly a history of punishment in western society.
       | There's nothing wrong with that; it's interesting. It answers the
       | question in the title mostly by asking what, from today's
       | perspective, are the rational uses of punishment?
       | 
       | But it doesn't get much at why we do this in the first place. Why
       | do adults punish children? Why do so many people belong to
       | religions with strict and explicit punishment dogmas (e.g., going
       | to hell for offending a higher power). It doesn't provide a
       | rhetorical or moral framework for differentiating punishment from
       | abuse or torture. I think these are more interesting questions,
       | although perhaps not fair to expect from a historian.
       | 
       | Clearly punishment is satisfying to us. Revenge stories are as
       | old as literature, and widely celebrated. I think that in a large
       | society it's an obsolete and harmful impulse. The article
       | references Plato's views: "Plato discussed punishment in terms of
       | learning virtue and deterring future acts rather than just in
       | terms of taking vengeance for the past, which he dismissed as a
       | primitive, animalistic motive."
       | 
       | It's interesting to me how long it takes for views like this to
       | take hold and create a more just society, and how easy it is for
       | cultures to backslide. Revenge is a powerful impulse.
        
         | rayiner wrote:
         | What makes you assume a society with less punishment is a "more
         | just" one? Have you considered that maybe there is a reason
         | that otherwise different societies have almost universally
         | evolved to impose harsh punishments? I.e. that it's a positive
         | adaptive behavior?
        
           | lapcat wrote:
           | > Have you considered that maybe there is a reason that
           | otherwise different societies have almost universally evolved
           | to impose harsh punishments?
           | 
           | The linked article suggests that this sentiment actually
           | comes and goes historically.
           | 
           | How do you know that in the long term, we're not evolving in
           | the opposite direction, to not impose harsh punishments?
        
             | inglor_cz wrote:
             | One of the reasons why punishments used to be so harsh in
             | the past was that enforcement was very inconsistent. In
             | premodern times, it might take a lot of individual crimes
             | before a repeat offender was caught. Given that most crime
             | tends to be committed - even today - by a small, but
             | prodigiously active subset of the general population, once
             | someone was caught stealing, robbing or murdering, there
             | was a tacit assumption that it was a career criminal. Who,
             | in case of a light punishment, would go on stealing,
             | robbing and murdering his peers for the next ten years or
             | so.
             | 
             | Which is why permanent incapacitation - mostly by the sword
             | or the gallows, but sometimes by being sent on the galleys,
             | into the mines etc., which was scarcely more survivable
             | than an actual execution, only that it took much longer to
             | die - was the usual judicial punishment. At the very least,
             | the criminal was branded so that he would be instantly
             | recognizable forever.
             | 
             | Nowadays, the police has a lot more tech at its disposal.
             | If it is willing to do so and financed to do so, it can
             | catch basically any criminal it wants to. That is why our
             | laws no longer resemble the Bloody Code of early modern
             | Britain.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloody_Code
        
         | jhrmnn wrote:
         | This excellent book discusses a lot of what you touch on--D.
         | Golash: The Case against Punishment
         | https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Case_Against_Punish...
        
         | jimkleiber wrote:
         | I often see revenge as "you hurt me, I think you're not hurt, I
         | want you to also hurt."
         | 
         | I think we 1) assume the other is not hurting, which is very
         | often false, as the other person may hurt us because they feel
         | hurt and assume we aren't hurting and 2) instead of trying to
         | make them feel hurt, we can tell them that we're hurting.
         | However, I think we mostly don't do that strategy because it
         | often requires us to cry and most cultures shun crying.
         | 
         | So we seem to end up feeling hut, hiding that hurt, and
         | assuming the other doesn't feel hurt, probably because they're
         | so good at hiding it.
        
           | danenania wrote:
           | I think revenge probably evolved first and foremost as a
           | deterrent. While it might feel satisfying to cause pain to
           | someone who has hurt you, the damage has already been done
           | and you can't undo whatever damage you suffered. But you
           | _can_ show that there's a cost to messing with you, which
           | could prevent future aggression. I'd guess that's why we feel
           | the desire to punish in the first place.
        
             | jimkleiber wrote:
             | There was a study I read over the last year, maybe it was
             | posted on here, that said we mostly seek revenge out of
             | spite not deterrence. I hope I can find it again.
             | 
             | I don't think it's about undoing the damage, it's about
             | evening the damage. If you punch me and I feel hurt two
             | days later, then I may still want to punch back. If I have
             | healed physically and emotionally, forgiven you completely,
             | do you think I'm as likely to punch you then?
        
               | davidgay wrote:
               | > There was a study I read over the last year, maybe it
               | was posted on here, that said we mostly seek revenge out
               | of spite not deterrence.
               | 
               | It's easy to imagine that it's personally for spite, but
               | evolutionarily for deterrence (i.e., spite is an
               | evolutionarily effective way to encode deterrence).
        
               | jimkleiber wrote:
               | Ah, I found the link, "Punishment isn't about the common
               | good: it's about spite" on Aeon [0]. The author doesn't
               | state definitively (in the article at least) that
               | punishment is about spite, but rather seems to introduce
               | that it's likely that it is. I haven't read the linked
               | studies yet but hope to.
               | 
               | [0]: https://aeon.co/ideas/punishment-isnt-about-the-
               | common-good-...
        
               | danenania wrote:
               | It depends on the situation, but if you're likely to
               | encounter the person who attacked you again, or others
               | who might attack you, and they all become aware that you
               | won't fight back or get revenge in some other way,
               | letting it slide could be the more dangerous option.
               | 
               | If it's a random stranger, someone you won't encounter
               | again, or you live in a society where violence is very
               | rare, then it's probably a moot point.
               | 
               | We evolved in small tribes where everyone knew everyone,
               | and just about everything that happened would quickly be
               | known by the whole group. Combine that with scarcity and
               | a higher propensity for violence, and being seen as an
               | easy target would be something to avoid at all costs.
        
               | jimkleiber wrote:
               | I think you're assuming that fighting back is the only
               | option. Yesterday, I saw my friend's two year old throw
               | the toys of the five year old and the five year old
               | didn't immediately punch his younger brother, but instead
               | he cried. By crying, both parents were alerted and
               | immediately came to his aid, and frankly scolded the two
               | year old for throwing the toys (indirect revenge?).
               | 
               | Maybe you could argue that by crying, the older child was
               | getting revenge on the younger because he knew his
               | parents would come to scold him. Or maybe the kid just
               | wanted comfort because he lost something he cared about.
               | It was hard for me to know whether his intention was to
               | receive comfort and attention or to have his parents
               | shame his brother, maybe both?
               | 
               | > Combine that with scarcity and a higher propensity for
               | violence
               | 
               | I guess I don't see this as a given as much as it seems
               | you do. I suppose I think people act violently out of
               | pain, most of us just lashing out at each other because
               | we think they hurt us first, more cooperative by nature
               | than competitive, but maybe I'm describing your views
               | inaccurately.
        
             | Avicebron wrote:
             | This may be true, but it invites escalation. Ender's Game
             | revolved around this philosophy from what I can remember,
             | and in the end..well...I won't spoil it if you haven't read
             | it or watched the movie. but betting on preventing future
             | aggression != guaranteed peace.
        
               | jimmygrapes wrote:
               | It's been awhile since I read the book(s) or watched the
               | movie, but wasn't one of the core philosophical tenets
               | underlying Ender's... specialness... the fact that he was
               | ruthless in revenge? In the sense of "I may not be the
               | one to start a fight, but I will certainly ensure that my
               | response to aggression is so thorough that no further
               | aggression is possible."
               | 
               | Granted the initial 3 sequel books were large tomes about
               | the corresponding guilt, repentance, and consequences
               | stemming from that initial idea.
        
               | Avicebron wrote:
               | focusing on the consequences, it would be a very
               | difficult earth to live on if a a response (the gp's
               | point) was that using violence/punishment/retribution to
               | stop further aggression was rational. I agreed that in
               | the context of pure overwhelming aggression it might be
               | possible (ender's game), but I doubt we would have gotten
               | very far as a species or a planet if everyone followed
               | that mentality with each other.
        
         | kodah wrote:
         | Moralism is a powerful thing and American moralism is far from
         | dead. I think a lot of folks in America probably fancy
         | themselves as being free from these chains, but subconsciously
         | I think the chains of moralism are fairly deep and strong.
        
         | dragontamer wrote:
         | > Why do adults punish children?
         | 
         | Because it works at changing their behavior.
         | 
         | Now we can argue the merits of positive reinforcement vs
         | negative reinforcement all day. But when a technique is
         | effective at changing unwanted behavior, then it will be used.
         | 
         | Punishments are absolutely necessary because some kids don't
         | know when their parents disapprove of their behavior otherwise.
         | I'm not talking about beating kids btw, I'm talking about
         | scolding, "go to your room", and timeouts.
         | 
         | I don't think corporal punishment is worthwhile. There's some
         | studies that shows that while effective at changing behavior,
         | it also teaches the kid that violence is sometimes necessary, a
         | lesson that I'm not sure if we should be teaching them.
         | 
         | But punishments in general? You don't want to reach for them as
         | your first tool in your parenting toolbox. But you really can't
         | just positive-reinforcement "you're doing a good job" all day
         | to your kids. Its disingenuous and the kids pick up on that.
         | 
         | ----------
         | 
         | > It answers the question in the title mostly by asking what,
         | from today's perspective, are the rational uses of punishment?
         | 
         | To change a person's behavior. If someone keeps lying,
         | cheating, and stealing in society, we want to make them to stop
         | so that they can reintegrate and become a beneficial member of
         | society.
         | 
         | Perhaps we've gone too far with jail times in the USA, but the
         | foundational theory is quite simple and effective here. Anyone
         | who has ever trained a dog or other animal knows how to use
         | animal psychology / punishments / rewards to change the
         | animal's behavior.
         | 
         | Human psychology is more complex than animal behavior, but it
         | shares a lot of similarities. Positive reinforcement (aka:
         | rewards) and negative reinforcement (aka: punishments) are both
         | useful within the framework.
        
           | enragedcacti wrote:
           | > Anyone who has ever trained a dog or other animal knows how
           | to use animal psychology / punishments / rewards to change
           | the animal's behavior.
           | 
           | Use of punishment in dog training is actually pretty hotly
           | debated. Not that it doesn't work, but that it has
           | consequences beyond what are intended and that substitution,
           | redirection, and rewards result in a happier and more
           | obedient pet.
        
           | phpisthebest wrote:
           | >>Perhaps we've gone too far with jail times in the USA
           | 
           | Perhaps? I dont think that is even debatable at this point. I
           | would encourage you to research actual treatment of prisoners
           | in the US, we in the US are critical of nations like Russia,
           | and China while willfully ignoring the abuse that occurs
           | every day in US prisons.
           | 
           | >Anyone who has ever trained a dog or other animal
           | 
           | This right here is the exact reason for this abuse, it is
           | common for the US prison system, and the correctional
           | officers to dehumanize the prisoners and treat them like
           | animals, not cuddly pets or dogs, but like the worst animal
           | abuse stories you here from the traveling carnivals that used
           | to keep Elephants and Loins for show.....
           | 
           | We need MASSIVE reform of both the criminal system, and
           | prison system. I am not talking about being "weak" on crime
           | like seems to be the norm today, refusing to prosecute
           | crimes, and letting people out immediately but "tough on
           | crime" does not have to involve the dehumanizing treatment,
           | and outright abuse that occurs that leads to nothing
           | productive, no rehabilitation, and more often than not non-
           | violent criminals go in non-violent but come out extremely
           | violent.
           | 
           | There is NOTHING redeeming about the US Prison system
        
           | lelanthran wrote:
           | > There's some studies that shows that while effective at
           | changing behavior, it also teaches the kid that violence is
           | _sometimes necessary_ , a lesson that I'm not sure if we
           | should be teaching them.
           | 
           | Isn't that true, though? Violence _is_ sometimes necessary.
           | 
           | Teaching a child that violence is _never_ necessary is just
           | as bad as teaching the child that violence is _always_
           | necessary.
        
             | Supermancho wrote:
             | > Isn't that true, though? Violence is sometimes necessary.
             | 
             | It's doesn't need to be strictly true. This isn't a
             | mathematical proof, but a behavior used to influence other
             | behavior.
             | 
             | > Teaching a child that violence is never necessary is just
             | as bad as teaching the child that violence is always
             | necessary.
             | 
             | I'm not sure what kind of thinking leads you to this
             | conclusion, nor is it clear what this statement means if
             | I'm being open about it. "Violence is always necessary"? If
             | someone doesn't get out of your way you are supposed to
             | shove them? If someone honks their horn at you, you should
             | smash their windshield? If someone tells you something you
             | don't like you punch them? You'd never learn anything of
             | substance with this viewpoint.
             | 
             | violence is never necessary != violence is always necessary
             | 
             | The tradeoffs for survival (much less society) are unequal.
        
             | Wowfunhappy wrote:
             | I'm 28. In my life so far, I cannot think of a single time
             | when I have _ever_ needed to engage in violence.
             | 
             | Now, if someone attacked me, would I defend myself?
             | Absolutely, as a last resort. And it's true that children
             | should be told it's okay to defend themselves by whatever
             | means necessary. I don't think this distinction is
             | particularly difficult to understand.
             | 
             | Corporal punishment in particular socializes children to
             | let themselves be attacked and _not_ defend themselves.
        
             | giraffe_lady wrote:
             | I think it's probably correct to read this within the
             | context of a parent-child relationship eg one of wildly
             | disparate power imbalance where one has significant
             | latitude to use violence and the other has virtually none
             | to stop it.
             | 
             | We can probably assume that people who want to model this
             | behavior also tackle things like self-defense, protection
             | of the innocent, righteous wrath, etc when it's appropriate
             | to discuss them.
        
             | dragontamer wrote:
             | Outside of very few, select circumstances, violence isn't
             | the answer inside of a household.
             | 
             | The exceptions are rape/sexual violence and self defense,
             | and other crimes of that magnitude.
             | 
             | Even if two boys are fighting it out, I'm not sure if the
             | right answer is to kick their ass and spank them /
             | humiliate them over it.
             | 
             | People used to beat their kids up over bad grades or
             | missing homework assignments. That's too much violence for
             | sure.
        
               | lelanthran wrote:
               | > Outside of very few, select circumstances, violence
               | isn't the answer inside of a household.
               | 
               | Sure, but we're teaching kids lessons for when they're
               | adults, right? Is it really a good idea to raise a
               | generation who will not act out of self-defense?
               | 
               | > Even if two boys are fighting it out, I'm not sure if
               | the right answer is to kick their ass and spank them /
               | humiliate them over it.
               | 
               | I don't think violence is an answer for that.
               | 
               | > People used to beat their kids up over bad grades or
               | missing homework assignments. That's too much violence
               | for sure.
               | 
               | That's way overboard, and not what I had in mind. Rewards
               | and punishments with kids is complex, and I don't want to
               | come off like I am trivialising it all.
               | 
               | Humans (and chimps, and dogs) have all been studied in-
               | depth, and at this point we know for certain that the
               | idea of fairness is not a uniquely human one.
               | 
               | Take for example this very common scenario: an
               | older/stronger child slapping a younger/weaker sibling.
               | 
               | The victim in this case is likely not going to believe
               | that any non-physical punishment is fair(In fact, it _isn
               | 't_ fair), and all it would do is breed some resentment.
               | 
               | If it happens just once or twice, sure, the victim can
               | move on. If it happens all the time and the only result
               | is that the parents take away TV for the aggressor for a
               | few days, then that's going to result in plenty of long-
               | term resentment.
               | 
               | Even worse, sometimes if the victim responds, they're
               | going to get punished as well because some parents don't
               | usually care to adjudicate.
               | 
               | Schools are even worse - the victim is more of a legal
               | liability to the school than the aggressor, hence schools
               | are more likely to pretend it never happened, or to
               | punish both parties equally.
               | 
               | Taking all this into account, I tell my boys that they
               | should never hit first, and that if anyone ever hits them
               | the _only_ appropriate response to to hit back.
               | 
               | They've[1] never hit anyone thus far, but they are also
               | not afraid to hit anyone who hits them, because that's
               | only fair.
               | 
               | [1] The younger one is only 3, so not yet a proper data
               | point.
        
               | dragontamer wrote:
               | > Sure, but we're teaching kids lessons for when they're
               | adults, right? Is it really a good idea to raise a
               | generation who will not act out of self-defense?
               | 
               | Perhaps this is my response to office gossip. But I'm
               | talking about my coworker who regularly brags about
               | corporal punishment and how he's a good father for
               | hitting his kid on the regular.
               | 
               | There's a lot of people out there. I don't think you and
               | I are in much disagreement, although perhaps I didn't
               | write my words in a way that suited your perspective.
               | 
               | There's still a generation of parents who think that
               | hitting their kids is the right response, be it from
               | occasional spanking, or even wholesale beating them up to
               | teach them a lesson.
               | 
               | Beating up kids / corporal punishment isn't about "self
               | defense", but instead about "learned helplessness". Its a
               | different strategy to parenting, and some people still
               | believe in it.
        
               | karencarits wrote:
               | > Perhaps this is my response to office gossip. But I'm
               | talking about my coworker who regularly brags about
               | corporal punishment and how he's a good father for
               | hitting his kid on the regular.
               | 
               | Depending on country and legislation, you may want to
               | report this. In some places you may even be legally
               | obligated to report child abuse, which this sounds like.
               | 
               | It is not your (or mine) place to judge whether your
               | coworker actually abuses his children (or if it is "just"
               | talk, for example), only to report to the relevant
               | authority so that they can investigate. Please, if you
               | are worried for them, act
        
               | lelanthran wrote:
               | > Perhaps this is my response to office gossip. But I'm
               | talking about my coworker who regularly brags about
               | corporal punishment and how he's a good father for
               | hitting his kid on the regular.
               | 
               | Yeah, if its regular he's probably doing it wrong. In 16
               | years of parenting, I've smacked my kids a total of maybe
               | 5 times.
               | 
               | > There's still a generation of parents who think that
               | hitting their kids is the right response, be it from
               | occasional spanking, or even wholesale beating them up to
               | teach them a lesson.
               | 
               | I don't think physical punishment is the correct response
               | to anything but physical violence, and even then it's a
               | rare response and should be proportional.
               | 
               | I just don't think that it should be completely off the
               | table as a _response_ to physical violence. I also think
               | the kid should know that it 's on the table.
               | 
               | "Consequences for your actions" should mean something;
               | the consequences should be proportional and similar to
               | the actions.
               | 
               | "Consequences for your actions" should not mean "I lose
               | TV if I hit my brother repeatedly when I am angry".
               | 
               | >Beating up kids / corporal punishment isn't about "self
               | defense", but instead about "learned helplessness". Its a
               | different strategy to parenting, and some people still
               | believe in it.
               | 
               | It isn't about learning self-defense, it's about learning
               | that even if they will never hit someone, they're living
               | in a world where violence is never off the table. They
               | need to be prepared for that.
        
           | awild wrote:
           | > To change a person's behavior. If someone keeps lying,
           | cheating, and stealing in society, we want to make them to
           | stop so that they can reintegrate and become a beneficial
           | member of society.
           | 
           | I think a common criticism of this stance is, that it does
           | not ask why a person does something that others want to
           | punish. Obviously there sometimes are no answers, but often
           | it's poverty and lack of options. So this begs the question,
           | why people come to steal and murder etc.
           | 
           | I personally don't believe that "punishment" is usually well
           | invested in a person. Rehabilitation and support structures
           | are probably the better option.
           | 
           | I am also realising that it gets very interesting for white
           | collar crime "without a victim" such as tax evasion or
           | manipulation of stocks. My intuition is to punish exactly
           | these crimes, but I think that's my bias showing.
        
           | NikolaNovak wrote:
           | As well, we need to clearly distinguish "punishment" and
           | "revenge".
           | 
           | Revenge is an emotional response by those who have been
           | wronged in the past.
           | 
           | Punishment can mean many things (so perhaps we need more
           | specific words), but I believe in this context it is meant to
           | be a rational, conscious act to influence behaviour - though
           | there are other kinds of punishment, and it can be difficult
           | to distinguish. A parent may raise their voice very
           | intentionally, without actually being angry, to gain
           | attention, distinguish and underline a point, or elicit quick
           | obedience (i.e. a "STOP!!!" when a child is about to dart on
           | the road), but they may also raise their voice out of
           | impulse, emotion, frustration, with no specific goal in mind
           | and thus no clear direction or "win conditions".
           | 
           | (I've only recently learned of the phrase "omnidirectional
           | ass-chewing" [1], which is a very intentional demenour and
           | environment for receiving marines to put them into a
           | constantly stressful environment to train focus. It LOOKS
           | like random angry yelling, but is in fact extremely studied,
           | careful, and intentional. )
           | 
           | 1: Section 6, "Yelling" https://slate.com/human-
           | interest/2013/03/why-is-boot-camp-so...
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | A lot of adults punish children, because it makes them feel
           | good. They do it again and again despite kids behavior not
           | getting better.
           | 
           | People often punish out of anger and their kids are badly
           | behaved as a result.
        
         | DiggyJohnson wrote:
         | I don't mean to oversimplify your point, so I'll phrase this as
         | a question:
         | 
         | Should we punish children for bad behavior? How do we
         | discipline without punishing? How can we discipline our kids
         | but avoid making them feel bad?
         | 
         | I worry that the collapse of discipline, among other things,
         | leads to a great number of young people about to enter the
         | world with totally misaligned expectations about surviving and
         | thriving as an adult.
        
           | t-3 wrote:
           | No matter how many times my dad beat me or my mom yelled, it
           | didn't instill discipline, just resentment. What worked to
           | give me discipline was getting a job and living on my own.
           | Simple incentive is all that's necessary to ensure people
           | show up and do work.
        
           | McBeige wrote:
           | What type of discipline do you mean? The self discipline to
           | behave in a way that enables you to live a good life? Or
           | external discipline that makes you behave in a way (not
           | necessarily a good way) out of fear of punishment?
           | 
           | Which of these are desirable?
           | 
           | Is it possible and efficient to instill the former using
           | punishment?
        
             | lapcat wrote:
             | > The self discipline to behave in a way that enables you
             | to live a good life?
             | 
             | Also, self-discipline tends to follow age. If punishing
             | little kids helped, then why do kids often become terrors
             | in their teens and twenties, then eventually grow up,
             | mature, and become more responsible?
             | 
             | Of course some people never grow up, but many of them were
             | smacked around as kids anyway.
        
           | jimkleiber wrote:
           | Personally I don't want to punish but rather inform: if you
           | do this, this might/will happen. It doesn't imply that
           | they're a bad person for doing what they did, just speaks
           | more to the cause and effect of actions.
           | 
           | I think this may actually work better for kids. I think so
           | often we praise/shame them, and they can get caught in a
           | cycle of unpredictable self-worth. I dunno, for me, I like to
           | let people know how I will most likely react to certain
           | actions and tell them that even if I react that way, I will
           | still love them. Punishing (with the intent to hurt them)
           | often hurts me, so I'd rather not try to hurt them. That
           | being said, I do want people to know if they punch me in the
           | face, I may punch them back, leave the bar, or strongly
           | distance myself from them physically. I just want people to
           | be more aware of consequences rather than feel like they're a
           | bad person for choosing their actions.
        
           | hn_version_0023 wrote:
           | > I worry that the collapse of discipline, among other
           | things, leads to a great number of young people about to
           | enter the world with totally misaligned expectations about
           | surviving and thriving as an adult.
           | 
           | Is this not already the case? I'm not entirely sure how one
           | might measure this, but boy does my gut tell me that its
           | already happened.
        
           | kgwgk wrote:
           | > How do we discipline without punishing? How can we
           | discipline our kids but avoid making them feel bad?
           | 
           | It's not clear what those questions mean.
           | discipline verb       disciplined; disciplining
           | transitive verb       1 : to punish or penalize for the sake
           | of enforcing obedience and perfecting moral character
        
           | kelseyfrog wrote:
           | I teach my children primarily to fix things by righting the
           | wrong. I fully realize that not all wrongs can be righted,
           | but it is a valuable starting point. So many times I've had
           | the pleasure of seeing my children come up with genuinely
           | ingenious ways to right a wrong.
           | 
           | In disputes where I'm playing referee between two of my
           | children, I gravitate away from deciding who is right and who
           | is wrong. Instead direct conversation around, what happened,
           | what people need, and how we can satisfy those needs within
           | the creative realm of reasonable possibility.
           | 
           | As a baseline for issues that don't have a clear needs-based
           | line to follow, I consider the systemic issues involved and
           | re-engineer systems to incentivize good behavior and
           | disincentivize bad behavior. Most often this takes the form
           | of natural consequences.
           | 
           | Finally, I don't have angelic children. The reason it works
           | is because we've been doing it for years, not because my
           | children are more compliant, or I'm some saint. We all get
           | upset, angry, and do things we regret. What we are all
           | invested in is having a shared desire to make things better
           | than we found them.
           | 
           | What I am skeptical of, however, are responses which attempt
           | to frame children as willfully non-compliant. That says more
           | about the person describing the behavior than the behavior
           | itself.
        
         | 57457802 wrote:
         | Punishment/revenge is satisfying to a lot of people, but I'm
         | repulsed by it. I don't feel an instinct to punish people who
         | have wronged me, and I feel just as bad for people who are
         | suffering regardless of what they did before. I wonder what
         | makes me different from people who favour punishment. Is it
         | just because I was never punished as a child, or is there a
         | neurological difference?
        
           | superchroma wrote:
           | it's definitely a base instinct. When I'm stressed and
           | preoccupied, lashing out is certainly easier than when calm.
           | 
           | I also wonder how people rationalize seeking punishment. More
           | often than not, no forced act can undo wrought damage,
           | particularly emotional damage, and people don't really feel
           | better seeing others suffer, even if that's what they believe
           | they want.
           | 
           | People also are extremely prone to forgetting the core intent
           | of society's justice system and prisons, which is (or should
           | be) reform, which is sad. Many balk at the idea that prison
           | is humane in any dimension. We have a lot of growing to do :(
        
             | wizofaus wrote:
             | I don't have an issue that the threat of prison is a useful
             | deterrent, therefore it needs to obviously be a less
             | desirable option than whatever lives people live now. But
             | nor should it ever be inhumane. The big problem with
             | prisons is that those put there consequently spend a
             | significant period of their lives interacting with nobody
             | but criminals (and prison guards, who aren't exactly known
             | for their ability to inspire the best in others). I'd wager
             | a significant number of career criminals only end up making
             | those life choices after spending time inside. OTOH reform
             | is genuinely hard and not often successful.
        
               | dolni wrote:
               | Personally, I think prison ought to be structured a lot
               | more like life outside prison. You teach people what they
               | need to do to be successful outside, which has some
               | obvious benefits.
               | 
               | Provide for jobs, pay a reasonable market wage, a fair
               | amount of paid time off and/or sick leave.
               | 
               | Then teach them how to pay bills and prioritize. Charge
               | reasonable rates for accommodations, food, and amenities.
               | Let people upgrade their room for an increased monthly
               | fee. Maybe they can pay for cable. If someone wants a
               | steak on their birthday, they can splurge and get one --
               | but it will cost them more than their usual meal.
               | 
               | Now you're probably asking: "but what if they refuse to
               | work?" I say: the same thing that happens outside a
               | prison. You don't work, you don't get paid. You don't get
               | paid, you can't buy food. You can't buy food, you don't
               | eat. The problem will solve itself after a while.
        
           | karmakurtisaani wrote:
           | I'm on the same boat as you. I feel like when we do things
           | that would be emotionally satisfying as a reaction to
           | something, it is almost always the wrong thing to do in the
           | bigger picture. The space of possible reactions is infinite,
           | and picking the first choice coming to mind just feels
           | totally wrong.
        
           | dolni wrote:
           | Have you ever been wronged in a substantial way? Something
           | that shook you so much, that you carried it with you for
           | months or years afterwards? It's the kind of thing that when
           | it happens, you think: "I wish nobody else had to go through
           | what I did".
           | 
           | If you haven't, consider yourself lucky. Some of us aren't
           | so.
        
             | 57457802 wrote:
             | Yes, I would say I have. I have been sexually assaulted for
             | example, but that doesn't mean I want the person who did it
             | to suffer as well. That would just mean more suffering.
        
               | dolni wrote:
               | So you would be okay with the person you assaulted you
               | not facing consequences, like prison?
        
               | 57457802 wrote:
               | I am okay with that. I don't gain anything by another
               | person's suffering. It would make me feel worse, not
               | better, and it would make the world a worse place because
               | prison generally makes people worse. It would also expose
               | other prisoners to a predator they can't avoid as easily
               | as someone on the outside can. It would be a lose-lose
               | for everyone.
        
       | scythe wrote:
       | There's a lot of difficulty in actually measuring the long-term
       | effects of punishment and policy on society that gets breezed
       | over when we are faced with a brute contrast between retribution
       | and deterrence. It's fine to point out that branding criminals on
       | the face created more repeat offenders, but most other effects
       | are more subtle. I wish I could hear less ethics and more
       | epistemology when the philosophers come to talk about justice.
        
       | mihaic wrote:
       | I know it's almost always taboo whenever I bring it up, but in
       | recent years I've become convinced that a moderate level of
       | retaliatory violence could lead to a better society.
       | 
       | There seems to no longer be any negative consequences for many
       | minor antisocial acts (types of bullying, shoplifting in some
       | parts, even reckless driving/endangerment). It's impossible in
       | practice to legislate being an asshole, so until recently we
       | relied on group shaming or the thread of a minor beating from
       | someone wronged to keep this sort of behaviour in check.
       | 
       | Because of past cruelties, we've determined that all amount of
       | verbal and psychological abuse is milder that a single slap, and
       | I'm honestly wondering if we're leaving too many usable options
       | to better society on the table.
       | 
       | That, combined with shaming and some amount of indoctrination of
       | morals and ethics in our youth seem to have been abandoned
       | completely, instead of being mostly toned down.
        
         | maest wrote:
         | I disagree - I think you are conflating 1. "how to punish
         | someone" vs 2. "whether to punish someone".
         | 
         | You are arguing that we should change 1. by allowing violence.
         | But in the examples you gave, it's not an issue of _how_ those
         | acts are punished, but whether they are punished at all.
         | 
         | In other words, maybe we need to enforce current punishment
         | more strictly rather than increase the pain of currently
         | loosely enforced penalties.
        
           | mihaic wrote:
           | Punishment is actually not my intented point, it's having
           | negative repercussion for a large class of antisocial
           | behaviour.
           | 
           | Being rude and verbally abusive in many situations for
           | instance gives you a stricly positive outcome, from a game
           | theory perspective. I'm arguing to add something in the mix
           | to make that outcome negative, and corporal punishment and
           | shaming are the only things I can see.
        
         | Ekaros wrote:
         | Honestly, maybe spending a day at stocks on public square might
         | be effective tool. And probably relatively cheap punishment.
         | 
         | We could even stream it online. Show advertisements and have it
         | pay itself.
        
           | mihaic wrote:
           | Yeah, or imagine what effect adding 50 lashed to the CEO on
           | those $100 million fines that get easily paid.
        
         | d0mine wrote:
         | Imagine the current cancel culture is even more widespread (it
         | is a nightmare).
         | 
         | [My personal point of view is that] the society should not
         | punish, it should try to prevent future crimes. For example,
         | capital punishment: according to studies I've read, it is not a
         | real deterrent, and false positives are likely (innocent people
         | are killed) -- therefore I'm against capital punishment (if the
         | capital punishment were effective to prevent murders, I'd
         | reconsider it).
        
           | mihaic wrote:
           | Sure, that's exactly my point: capital punishment is over the
           | top, and prevention would have been achieved with much less.
           | 
           | If light corporal punishment were shown to be just as
           | efficient at prevention as a 1-year in jail sentence, would
           | you consider it?
        
           | inglor_cz wrote:
           | There definitely is an element of vengeance in capital
           | punishment as well. "Eye for an eye".
           | 
           | I am not fully on board with that, but, on the other hand, I
           | cannot pretend to myself that I'd consider "Eichmann being
           | hanged" somehow morally bad or evil. In a sense, he had it
           | coming, like many of his peers. More recently, the people who
           | raped and killed their way through Bucha, deserve the same
           | treatment.
           | 
           | But I can see that them hanging won't deter further butchers
           | of next Buchas. People commit such crimes while feeling
           | virtually sure that they won't ever be punished for them, and
           | they are often right - too many war criminals expired in a
           | luxurious bed at home. Notably, Stalin's executioners were
           | never tried by an international tribunal unlike their Nazi
           | counterparts, because the USSR won the war.
           | 
           | If the butchers of Bucha were to hang, it would be mostly
           | motivated by vengeance.
        
           | jimmygrapes wrote:
           | Capital punishment certainly works as a deterrent in the
           | sense that a dead person commits no crime. But the way its
           | conducted and the number of false positives makes me not a
           | fan, in most cases. I imagine there are some situations where
           | it is highly effective, but only if done immediately; I
           | cannot fathom the whole "death row" thing for those
           | hypotheticals. I believe strongly in innocent until proven
           | guilty, speedy trial, due process, beyond a reasonable doubt,
           | preponderance of evidence, trial by jury of peers, and all
           | that fun stuff, and I acknowledge even all that goes wrong
           | sometimes. However, assuming full uncoerced confession and
           | irrefutable evidence and eyewitness testimony, why do we
           | still make a (say, serial killer) suffer in death row instead
           | of just execute them immediately? Revenge?
        
         | pessimizer wrote:
         | > There seems to no longer be any negative consequences for
         | many minor antisocial acts (types of bullying, shoplifting in
         | some parts, even reckless driving/endangerment).
         | 
         | This is a current media panic and PR campaign, not a reality.
         | 
         | edit: It's made up. After the administration changes hands, the
         | _perception_ (which, I 've been assured, is actually _more_
         | important than the reality) that crime is out of control will
         | evaporate. Coverage of crime in SF after the Boudin recall has
         | disappeared as completely as  "concentration camps on the
         | border" did after Biden was elected.
        
         | yodsanklai wrote:
         | > I've become convinced that a moderate level of retaliatory
         | violence could lead to a better society.
         | 
         | I'm against this based on purely ideologic principles but...
         | when I try to think about this question objectively, I don't
         | find compelling arguments against it (other than it doesn't
         | work, but I'm not quite sure about that).
         | 
         | Intuitively, I think that violence brings violence, and making
         | violence legitimate will generate more rather than less
         | violence.
        
           | mihaic wrote:
           | I agree that it's a potentially slippery slope, which would
           | need to be carefully addressed and constantly balanced. Not
           | all laws need to be eternal, some just apply to the current
           | social status.
           | 
           | I think your principles also come from us not defining any
           | clear separation between minor violence (a slap, a shove,
           | anything that completely heals within a week and is a
           | singural episode) and major violence (breaking a bone, acid
           | attacks, etc) -- in the same way there is a distinction
           | between asault and battery.
        
         | pfisherman wrote:
         | I grew up in a place and time where everyday life was permeated
         | by a constant threat of violence. What I can tell you from my
         | experience is that idea of minor retaliatory violence is kind
         | of ridiculous.
         | 
         | The thing about violence and retaliation is that it can and
         | will escalate very fast. What are you going to do when you tap
         | them on the knuckles and they come back blasting? My advice is
         | that you should avoid violence unless backed into a corner and
         | all other options are exhausted.
        
           | mihaic wrote:
           | It sounds as if you lived in a place where the rule of law
           | was also absent, and you are right that violence can often
           | spiral. Could you say where this was?
           | 
           | What is was envisioning was a decriminalization of minor
           | violence as long as we can't criminalize general rude
           | behaviour and I just wanted to explore that idea.
        
       | tomohawk wrote:
       | The state must punish, or the citizenry will resort to revenge,
       | or just realize that the state isn't worth supporting.
       | 
       | The more the state allows people to infringe on others rights,
       | the less reason for it to exist.
        
         | superchroma wrote:
         | Presently in America, the state punishes and the citizenry
         | isn't too enamored with the state. It punishes the poor and
         | poorly connected savagely and the well-off inconsistently.
         | 
         | Generally, I disagree with the assertion, and I would not be
         | seeking to refine how we punish to be more effective and
         | consistent.
         | 
         | The goal ought to be to remove a person from their situation,
         | show them a better way to live and slowly and patiently attempt
         | to re-form them as people through real growth (skills,
         | character, etc.) so that they can go back into the world better
         | and don't need to reoffend. Obviously there's a long way to go
         | to get there, but I think many countries have tried the other
         | path and I'm not convinced it works.
        
           | ryan93 wrote:
           | Like half the murders in Chicago go unsolved.
        
       | WaitWaitWha wrote:
       | I care not about if some individual gets a speeding ticket on the
       | other side of town. I have zero revenge ideas. I do care that I
       | am (and others are) aware there are consequences to speeding.
       | That is a direct, and explicit deterrent to me. It is also a
       | social contract that I or others who break this contract will be
       | punished. That is a comforting thought. Why is it that I am
       | comfortable crossing the intersection when I have a green light?
       | Because I have confidence that those who would break the social
       | contract of following agreed upon laws will be punished, so they
       | are deterred from breaking them. I cross without hesitation. We
       | think of others as having near-similar ethics (following social
       | rules) as we do.
       | 
       | When such contract is broken and punished I am appalled not
       | because I want vengeance, but because I am relying for my life to
       | keep such contract.
       | 
       | Punishment is a deterrent, not vengeance.
       | 
       | Ethics and morals must not die.
       | 
       | I am really trying not to be cynical about the article's framing.
        
         | jimkleiber wrote:
         | I wonder if there can be a difference in intention between
         | "punishment" and "consequences."
         | 
         | I personally hear punishment and think of an intention to harm,
         | whereas hear consequences as lacking that intention, more of an
         | intention to inform.
         | 
         | For example, say that if someone runs a red light, they will
         | receive a bill for $500. Am I giving them the bill because I
         | believe they are a bad person and deserve to be punished? Or as
         | a way to let them know that these are the rules and the
         | consequences of the rules?
         | 
         | I'm ok with the latter and can feel very sad at the former, as
         | I think it just perpetuates pain and increases distance in
         | society.
        
           | at_a_remove wrote:
           | Inform? Do you really believe that they are _un_ informed,
           | that they are unaware of the rules and that there are
           | consequences for breaking said rules.
           | 
           | People are not informed by speeding tickets. There is no
           | element of surprise there. They knew the rules, they broke
           | them anyway. Same with theft and so on. I could understand it
           | for some obscure tax law, but basic things like this, no.
           | 
           | Maybe you reached for the wrong verb there, but they are not
           | ignorant of the rules.
        
         | rufus_foreman wrote:
         | >> Why is it that I am comfortable crossing the intersection
         | when I have a green light? Because I have confidence that those
         | who would break the social contract of following agreed upon
         | laws will be punished, so they are deterred from breaking them.
         | 
         | Don't ever go to Phoenix.
        
         | Gordonjcp wrote:
         | > Why is it that I am comfortable crossing the intersection
         | when I have a green light? Because I have confidence that those
         | who would break the social contract of following agreed upon
         | laws will be punished, so they are deterred from breaking them.
         | 
         | It's really quite telling that in countries where religious
         | strictures are held to be more important than individual
         | freedom, like the US, the prevailing attitude is that "people
         | will only do the right thing if they are afraid of being
         | punished if they don't".
         | 
         | Whereas, in a country like the UK, with considerably more
         | rights and freedoms and less reliance on Judeo-Christian
         | religion, the idea is that "people will do the right thing,
         | because they expect others to do the right thing in return".
        
           | ericmcer wrote:
           | That isn't unique to the UK, every country has a moral code
           | and the general populace will be hesitant to break it. Why do
           | you think most people are willing to try drugs but very few
           | would assault someone and steal their money. Both are
           | illegal.
        
           | WaitWaitWha wrote:
           | I am not sure that your two points are counter to each other.
           | 
           | I can be both afraid of being punished and can think that
           | people will do the right thing.
           | 
           | I sort of eluded to this, but you said it better, and help me
           | crystalize it.
        
           | gunshowmo wrote:
           | In what way does the UK have "considerably more rights and
           | freedoms" than the US?
        
             | ojhughes wrote:
             | Kids have the freedom to go to school without fear of being
             | shot. Mothers have the right to take 6 months paid
             | maternity leave. Workers generally have more rights and
             | protections, although this is getting worse.
        
             | watwut wrote:
             | Less fear of everything.
             | 
             | Kids are mote likely to move freely around the town too.
        
           | nickelpro wrote:
           | Rules and consequences exist because people have different
           | ideas about what "the right thing" is, not because society
           | thinks people are inherently immoral.
           | 
           | Very few individuals believe their actions unjustified or
           | that they are "the bad guy". If we went only be individuals
           | self-assessment of their actions, there would be very few
           | criminals.
        
         | lapcat wrote:
         | > Why is it that I am comfortable crossing the intersection
         | when I have a green light? Because I have confidence that those
         | who would break the social contract of following agreed upon
         | laws will be punished, so they are deterred from breaking them.
         | 
         | I would say it's because most people have no desire to murder
         | other people, even if they could get away with it legally.
        
           | closeparen wrote:
           | Riding a bicycle around cars would pretty quickly dispel that
           | notion.
        
             | lapcat wrote:
             | You think I haven't ridden a bicycle around cars?
             | 
             | Are drivers sometimes headless? Yes. Are they murderous?
             | No. Otherwise you and I would be dead now.
        
               | closeparen wrote:
               | I'm very familiar with environments where people drive
               | however the fuck they want. A cyclist wouldn't last long
               | there. Maybe it's not murderous intent, but it's at least
               | reckless disregard for life.
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | Which environments would those be? Every major city has a
               | large number of non-dying cyclists.
        
               | mantas wrote:
               | A possibility of punishment is a great way to remind to
               | check whereabouts of one's head...
        
               | pasiaj wrote:
               | Road rage and horribly antisocial driving behaviour
               | exists. I don't think it usually includes murderous
               | intent, but intentionally dangerous behaviour is quite
               | common.
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | Yes, they exist, they're illegal, and the legal
               | consequences don't actually stop them.
               | 
               | If the argument is that everyone would road rage and
               | drive dangerously if there weren't legal consequences, I
               | dispute that. Many people don't do it simply because they
               | don't feel like doing it.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | Maybe not everyone. But probably sizable proportion of
               | road users would. And I think that is the point.
               | Punishment is effective tool for stopping at least
               | sizable fraction of them.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | I am someone who used to ride bike for transportation a
               | lot. It was nit that bad. It may be cultural, but people
               | were not horribly antisocial.
        
           | nickelpro wrote:
           | The person who runs a red light doesn't intend to murder,
           | they intend to be reckless under the belief they are skilled
           | enough to avoid hurting others. That the rules were meant for
           | others, less capable than they.
           | 
           | The consequences for rule breakers exist in part to deter
           | those lacking the wisdom to understand why the rules were
           | created in the first place, not because society believes that
           | class of rule breakers wants to hurt others.
        
             | lapcat wrote:
             | But the consequences don't actually deter them, as
             | evidenced by the countless cars that run red lights.
             | 
             | Those who believe they are skilled enough to avoid hurting
             | others also believe they won't get caught by the police
             | running a red light.
             | 
             | The question is, which is the worse consequence, getting a
             | ticket for running a red light, or killing another person
             | in a crash? I would say the latter, in the minds and hearts
             | of most people.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | I think it comes back to failure of enforcement and size
               | of punishment.
               | 
               | I think lot less people would run red lights if they were
               | reliably punished for it and the punishment were non-
               | trivial. This is why I support Finnish model of income
               | based fines. You end up paying some fraction of your
               | monthly income. So it will hurt rich and poor more
               | equally.
               | 
               | The fines are often very trivial for certain fraction of
               | population.
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | If you have a whole society that mostly doesn't have
               | inherent respect for social norms or laws, then it would
               | be incredibly difficult to enforce those norms or laws
               | effectively. You'd need a police state. Massive levels of
               | surveilance. And how could you even trust the police
               | themselves, if people generally don't respect social
               | norms or laws? Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?
        
               | nickelpro wrote:
               | But we're not talking about an entire society of
               | normalized rule breaking. I agree, there are places where
               | a traffic light is little more than ornamentation, but in
               | much of the West the average driver respects most rules
               | of the road (speed limits being the least commonly
               | respected).
               | 
               | So we're talking about a how to affect the size of a
               | minority subpopulation in an otherwise rule following
               | society. Here the consequences give rule-breakers pause.
               | 
               | "Is running this red light really worth the fine?"
               | 
               | "I already have 5 points on my license and I'll lose my
               | job if it gets suspended"
               | 
               | That's the value of consequences. You'll never stop all
               | rule breakers or enforce consequences with perfect
               | fairness, but some will be deterred which makes the
               | system worthwhile.
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | > So we're talking about a how to affect the size of a
               | minority subpopulation in an otherwise rule following
               | society.
               | 
               | I don't think that's what we were talking about.
               | 
               | WaitWaitWha: "Why is it that I am comfortable crossing
               | the intersection when I have a green light? Because I
               | have confidence that those who would break the social
               | contract of following agreed upon laws will be punished,
               | so they are deterred from breaking them."
               | 
               | Me: "I would say it's because most people have no desire
               | to murder other people, even if they could get away with
               | it legally."
               | 
               | WaitWaitWha seems to be arguing that we don't have "an
               | otherwise rule following society", and only the
               | punishment is preventing widespread rule breaking.
               | Whereas I was arguing that we do have an otherwise rule
               | following society regardless of the punishment. I would
               | also argue that punishment doesn't actually do much to
               | deter the people who don't respect the rules in the first
               | place.
               | 
               | Indeed, I would say that speed limits are the least
               | respected because speed limits are rather arbitrary.
               | Speed limits change over time (they were set to 55 in the
               | 1970s to save gas, not to save lives), and they vary
               | widely by locality. Not to mention that speed limits
               | don't vary by day/night or by weather, which makes no
               | sense. Whereas red and green lights have had the exact
               | same meaning the whole time, and the consequences of
               | violation are rather obvious, because a red light means
               | cars may drive through the intersection perpendicular to
               | you, one of the most dangerous situations you can
               | imagine.
               | 
               | > I agree, there are places where a traffic light is
               | little more than ornamentation
               | 
               | I don't know what you're agreeing with, because I didn't
               | say or intend to imply that.
               | 
               | > "Is running this red light really worth the fine?"
               | 
               | Well, the primary thought has to be "Can I make it
               | through without dying?"
        
               | nickelpro wrote:
               | > I don't know what you're agreeing with, because I
               | didn't say or intend to imply that.
               | 
               | > If you have a whole society that mostly doesn't have
               | inherent respect for social norms or laws, then it would
               | be incredibly difficult to enforce those norms or laws
               | effectively.
               | 
               | The latter sentence is predicated on the existence of a
               | society that ignore rules, I'm allowing that such
               | societies exist but the context is not applicable to the
               | average Western drivers.
               | 
               | > WaitWaitWha: "Why is it that I am comfortable crossing
               | the intersection when I have a green light? Because I
               | have confidence that those who would break the social
               | contract of following agreed upon laws will be punished,
               | so they are deterred from breaking them."
               | 
               | > Me: "I would say it's because most people have no
               | desire to murder other people, even if they could get
               | away with it legally."
               | 
               | There are three populations at work:
               | 
               | * People who will not run the red light because they
               | respect the rule of law
               | 
               | * People who would run the red light, but don't because
               | they fear the consequences of breaking the law
               | 
               | * People who will run the red light regardless of
               | consequences
               | 
               | I won't speak for WaitWaitWha, but what I am arguing is I
               | would not feel safe relying on just the first group. If
               | the first group is 90% of people (which is still "most
               | people"), the second group is 9% of people, and the third
               | is 1%, I don't like those odds. We don't know what the
               | breakdown actually is, but I feel better knowing both the
               | first and second group won't run the red light in a
               | society with consequences and in that vaguery I feel
               | safe.
               | 
               | > Well, the primary thought has to be "Can I make it
               | through without dying?"
               | 
               | No, the kinds of people running the red light and perform
               | other reckless actions rarely contextualize that widely.
               | That's why we need legal consequences in the first place.
               | They don't consider in the moment the risk to their own
               | and others lives, because they think their skill or a
               | sense of invincibility prevents such bad outcomes from
               | happening. Legal consequences pose a barrier that they
               | can mentally recognize as independent from their own
               | invincibility complex.
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | > The latter sentence is predicated on the existence of a
               | society that ignore rules, I'm allowing that such
               | societies exist but the context is not applicable to the
               | average Western drivers.
               | 
               | It was a counterfactual hypothetical.
               | 
               | >There are three populations at work: * People who will
               | not run the red light because they respect the rule of
               | law * People who would run the red light, but don't
               | because they fear the consequences of breaking the law *
               | People who will run the red light regardless of
               | consequences
               | 
               | This is missing the 4th and most important population:
               | 
               | * People who will not run the red light because it's
               | likely to kill themselves and/or others.
               | 
               | That's the population I rely on.
               | 
               | > They don't consider in the moment the risk to their own
               | and others lives, because they think their skill or a
               | sense of invincibility prevents such bad outcomes from
               | happening.
               | 
               | Do you have any empirical basis for this claim? Does it
               | come from personal experience? We can't read minds,
               | except our own.
               | 
               | I think it's bizarre to say that risk is not a factor,
               | since nearly all red light runnings occur right after the
               | yellow, when the relative risk of a crash is lowest,
               | rather than in mid-cycle, when the risk of a crash is
               | highest. Unless the streets are deserted. Hardly anyone
               | ever thinks they're invincible enough to thread the
               | needle of present perpendicular traffic.
               | 
               | Even when the streets are deserted, red light runners
               | don't just plow through mid-cycle. They treat the red
               | light like a stop sign.
        
       | scombridae wrote:
       | tl;dr Because punishment deters and because it feels good
       | ("desert").
       | 
       | Article raised insignificant, pathological counter-arguments:
       | 
       | If robbery is punishable by death, then thieves are more likely
       | to kill their victims to squelch witnesses.
       | 
       | Since suicide was religiously verboten, suicidal mothers engaged
       | in capital crimes to enlist the authorities to off them.
        
       | andrewstuart wrote:
       | The article is about society in general, but on a personal level
       | I have a "no punishment" policy with my son.
       | 
       | I never punish him and never have.
       | 
       | Whenever he behaves in a way that's not OK with me I first ask
       | myself "does he understand my expectations here, have I already
       | explained my expectations to him?". Usually not, so I explain
       | that his behavior isn't acceptable and why. I very rarely need to
       | do this.
       | 
       | The one time he behaved in a way that made me really angry I
       | dealt with it at the time by speaking to him about it and also
       | with the other people involved and there was still no punishment.
        
       | m463 wrote:
       | I can't help but think of this other article -- only loosely
       | related
       | 
       | How Inuit Parents Teach Kids To Control Their Anger
       | 
       | https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/53283/how-inuit-parents-teach...
       | 
       | however I don't know how this translates to the whole of society
       | vs a small community
        
       | WalterBright wrote:
       | The recent trend towards decriminalization of various crimes like
       | shoplifting have resulted in a crime wave.
        
         | superchroma wrote:
         | It's not fair to discuss this without data.
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | The problem is that we don't have any high quality data on
           | most crimes. Virtually all murders are reported. But victims
           | often don't report lesser crimes, especially in places like
           | San Francisco where they know that the police won't bother to
           | investigate and the DA won't bother to prosecute.
           | 
           | The closest thing we have is the National Crime Victimization
           | Survey (NCVS), but so far they only have data through 2020.
           | 
           | https://bjs.ojp.gov/data-collection/ncvs#publications-0
        
         | actually_a_dog wrote:
         | You have proof of causality in that direction, right?
        
         | lkey wrote:
         | Honestly Walter, if shoplifting is decriminalized then it won't
         | count as 'crime' will it? It's in the word.
         | 
         | From what I can see the trend has more to do with covid
         | restrictions lifting than anything else. Violent crimes and
         | gun-based homicides are the things that have risen most
         | sharply, so that has little to do with larceny.
         | 
         | And generally speaking, if you are frustrated by shoplifting,
         | you should be _even more_ frustrated by civil asset forfeiture,
         | which deprives Americans of more wealth than all burglaries put
         | together. However, it is state sanctioned with no real recourse
         | or insurance to protect victims.
        
         | watwut wrote:
         | Except that is nit true. Tough on crime cities had crime wave
         | too, bigger one.
         | 
         | It was more about emotional investment into "gotta imprison as
         | many people as possible".
        
         | 57457802 wrote:
         | I don't think that's true at all. People say that crime
         | increased in San Francisco because of the more progressive DA,
         | but ignore that crime increased less in San Francisco than
         | nationwide.
        
           | lelanthran wrote:
           | > I don't think that's true at all. People say that crime
           | increased in San Francisco because of the more progressive
           | DA, but ignore that crime increased less in San Francisco
           | than nationwide.
           | 
           | Well, yeah ... if shoplifting isn't reported as a crime, then
           | it doesn't matter how high the shoplifting rate goes, then
           | official crime rate will still be low.
           | 
           | TLDR: If shoplifting is unreported, then reported levels of
           | shoplifting will be zero.
        
           | anonporridge wrote:
           | You can't talk about crime statistics without talking about
           | whether people are actually reporting crimes at the same
           | rate.
           | 
           | It's entirely possible that a city with a progressive DA that
           | doesn't prosecute certain types of crimes sufficiently or
           | judges that don't actually pull criminals off the streets,
           | end up with a social atmosphere where citizens don't bother
           | reporting crime as much, because they know nothing will be
           | done about it anyway.
        
             | enragedcacti wrote:
             | Adding to that, police don't operate in a vacuum and may
             | respond to the election of a progressive DA by reducing
             | their level of effort, whether that's in retaliation, or
             | out of a fear of being prosecuted for misconduct, or as a
             | form of strike [1]. Or, like you said, we just see drops
             | because they don't bother to make arrests they know won't
             | get prosecuted (e.g. nonviolent drug arrests in philly
             | following Larry Krasner's election follow this pattern
             | [2]). Or, its some demographic, or socioecenomic, or some
             | other trend unrelated to the DA (or which also happened to
             | result in the DA being elected in the first place).
             | 
             | Basically, stats are hard, crime stats are really hard, and
             | someone who tells you Crime rates did X because Person A
             | did thing Y without a 20 page paper probably doesn't have a
             | clue, including me.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.ajc.com/news/crime--law/170-atlanta-police-
             | offic...
             | 
             | [2] https://data.philadao.com/Arrest_Report.html
        
           | DiggyJohnson wrote:
           | Do you have any numbers that shows this? To discuss the
           | disproportionate rise in crime in progressive DAs' cities
           | isn't to ignore the rise in crime across the board.
        
             | 57457802 wrote:
             | Some relevant links:
             | 
             | https://www.ppic.org/publication/crime-trends-in-
             | california/
             | 
             | https://citycrimestats.com/statistics/
             | 
             | https://applieddivinitystudies.com/sf-crime-2/
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | Except for property crimes, there are reason to believe
               | that the official statistics are totally unrepresentative
               | of actual number of crimes committed. For instance:
               | https://www.sfchronicle.com/sf/article/shoplifting-data-
               | Targ...
        
               | 57457802 wrote:
               | Sure, the statistics are not very good, but we don't have
               | anything better. We have some evidence that property
               | crime has gone down relative to other parts of the
               | country (and much better evidence for homicide, which
               | doesn't have the same under-reporting risk), and no
               | evidence (as far as I know) for the opposite.
        
             | [deleted]
        
       | pessimizer wrote:
       | This seems to really dance around the fact (getting very close a
       | number of times) that the primary reason for punishment is that
       | if you don't punish the perpetrator, the victim, their family,
       | and their loved ones will consider the matter unresolved, and
       | attempt to carry out what they think would be an adequate
       | punishment themselves. Then the perpetrator and their family
       | would retaliate, and society eventually dissolves in the tit-for-
       | tat. The justice system is something that you use to prevent a
       | civil war.
       | 
       | A secondary reason is touched upon here, but if the perpetrator
       | of crime is not punished, only isolated comfortably, committing
       | crime becomes attractive in and of itself to the portion of
       | people who are currently less comfortable than prisoners. That's
       | why the treatment of prisoners is a great metric for the quality
       | of a society: it sets a baseline for the way non-prisoners are
       | treated. You can't give prisoners free, high-quality education,
       | no matter how helpful it would be to prevent crime after they're
       | released, if you're not giving it to the general public, or else
       | the general public would commit crimes to be educated.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | [deleted]
        
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