[HN Gopher] How to structure your sales compensation plan to del...
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       How to structure your sales compensation plan to deliberately
       undersell
        
       Author : djhaskin987
       Score  : 60 points
       Date   : 2022-07-26 15:34 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (tomtunguz.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (tomtunguz.com)
        
       | adamw2k wrote:
       | Also known as sandbagging... Just a way to game the next round's
       | valuation if you find strong demand.
        
       | pc86 wrote:
       | It's not explicitly mentioned in this way here, but I feel like
       | the underlying assumption is something like "If you think they
       | need the $20k plan, and you sell them on $10k, they'll increase
       | to $20k based on usage then expand into $30k [(this is basically
       | the chart in the article)] - but if you sell them on $20k,
       | they'll stay there."
       | 
       | I don't see why you would intentionally undersell. How does that
       | have any bearing on whether or not they expand into higher tiers,
       | or whether or not they refer new customers to you?
        
         | Rastonbury wrote:
         | I get the idea behind it, but the numbers have to make sense.
         | You forgo revenue now for more revenue later, taking into
         | account revenue now can be reinvested and SaaS companies
         | typical grow really fast. If you undersell by 20%, you don't
         | have that 20% right now to spend on more sales/engineers.
         | 
         | If the customer is really going be happy with 30K worth
         | eventually, get them there now instead of 18 months later.
        
         | ColanR wrote:
         | I imagine there's a psychological barrier to upgrading a plan.
         | Make the customer break that barrier on their own, due to the
         | necessities of their current usage, and they'll have less
         | compunction to upgrade later on. Psychological barrier already
         | broken.
         | 
         | Whether the decreased initial revenue is outweighed by the
         | increased number of upgrades later on is a different question.
         | Personally, I'm skeptical the strategy pays off.
        
         | toss1 wrote:
         | You are underselling _TODAY_ , building satisfaction with the
         | purchase and desire to get more, as opposed to resentment at
         | having overpurchased and now seeing you as yet another vendor
         | who oversold us a bunch of stuff and is now worth less than the
         | spend, and is now pinching the budget. The former is likely to
         | turn you into a valued provider, and the latter is likely to
         | have the customer looking elsewhere in the future.
         | 
         | Typically, existing customers business costs only 20% of
         | acquiring new customers. To succeed, you want to maximize
         | ongoing relationships, not keep churning for new customers at
         | 5x the acquisition cost.
        
         | fishtoaster wrote:
         | It's not explicitly mentioned because this is a followup to a
         | post where the author does explicitly mention this (linked from
         | the first line of the article):
         | https://tomtunguz.com/deliberately-underselling/
        
       | toss1 wrote:
       | >>There's a trade-off to this commission plan: the company may
       | pay both the customer success managers & the AEs for expansion.
       | Also, if customers expand by themselves, salespeople may receive
       | commissions without expending more sales effort.
       | 
       | Managers often try to minimize these trade-offs, and it is
       | insanely myopic.
       | 
       | Just because a customer increases their spend without an explicit
       | action by your rep does not mean that you should pocket the
       | commission for yourself/dept/company. Even if the rep actually
       | did absolutely nothing, allowing an occasional "unearned"
       | commission will build loyalty & motivation. More likely, it'll
       | get your reps to focus more on customers who are likely to
       | eventually expand, and also doing the kind of ongoing 'soft'
       | follow-up and account maintenance/monitoring that makes customers
       | more likely to up-convert.
       | 
       | Management, if anything, should be about seeing the long view and
       | incorporating it into the plans. Why it is so rare to do so
       | continuously amazes me.
        
         | notahacker wrote:
         | There should be someone tasked with doing the ongoing 'soft'
         | followup and account maintenance in most businesses of this
         | scale anyway. It's just often a different person. Hence the
         | authors' point that compensating two units of the sales team
         | _can_ work out if there 's more revenue generated overall
         | (otherwise it probably works out by the initial commissions
         | offered being smaller...)
        
         | carlineng wrote:
         | For businesses where a significant percentage of customer LTV
         | is in the expand phase, I'm surprised it's not more commonplace
         | to have AEs take on the role of customer success. The AE
         | usually has a lot of context about the customer that is likely
         | to be lost in the transition to a CSM. Doing this also has the
         | benefit of not needing to pay two people for the expansion.
        
       | Closi wrote:
       | I think this is a particularly rose-tinted glasses view of the
       | sales process, which sells underquoting as a great thing for your
       | customers that they will love ('When you tell them they need to
       | pay more, they will love you and will recommend you to others!').
       | 
       | In reality, 'land and expand' is almost universally hated by
       | customers and this just appears like an excuse to under-quote to
       | win the commercial point on an RFP and then screw the customer
       | over when there is some lock-in later down the line.
       | 
       | How about neither of these - how about selling solutions that you
       | honestly believe are right-sized, being transparent about the
       | sizing/requirements assumptions you have made, and then being
       | flexible contractually if reality turns out different? This is
       | how you _actually_ build trust and consumer satisfaction, not by
       | deliberately underquoting.
        
         | mox1 wrote:
         | Yea, at my F500 sized company we set budgets year(s) in
         | advance. I literally have a line item (that gets reviewed
         | monthly!) for each major SAAS product my team uses. We estimate
         | like a 5% inflation YoY into these budgets.
         | 
         | If a vendor purposefully under-quoted / undersold me and then
         | asked me to pay more $$ 6 months in, I literally couldn't do
         | that if I wanted to.
        
           | aaaaaaaaata wrote:
           | Do you have a discretionary budget?
        
           | Rastonbury wrote:
           | Expansion and addons are really common though, the
           | stakeholder has to push for more budget, not too difficult if
           | the product really drives business value
        
             | Closi wrote:
             | This isn't about selling customers what they need, then
             | discovering new value through addon's though.
             | 
             | The article is quite clear that it is intentionally selling
             | a customer less than what they need in order to get them to
             | buy what they actually need later down the line, once they
             | are already committed.
             | 
             | As a simple example, I could sell you a 3-year software
             | license agreement with a 60 day estimated implementation
             | program on a T&M basis. Then after you have signed the
             | software agreement and are committed to licencing we go
             | into blueprinting, I could suddenly say that it's actualy
             | 120 days implementation now, and that will net the vendor
             | an extra $90k revenue in Y1. Then after implementation you
             | realise that you didn't buy the 'Bi-Connector' that was
             | demo'd to you during the sales process because "oh that's
             | actually another license" even though they clearly showed
             | it as core functionality in their demo.
        
             | jjk166 wrote:
             | There's a big difference between compounding past success
             | and ameliorating past shortcomings. If implementing some
             | improvement goes well, we accomplish our goals on time and
             | within budget, it's easy to say let's do it again. If a
             | vendor makes me go in front of my boss and say the budget I
             | previously requested was not sufficient and the thing I
             | said would get done wasn't, I will never stake my
             | professional reputation on that vendor again.
        
           | jehb wrote:
           | Came here to say this. I'm sure there are situations where
           | this strategy may work, but where I've worked (which is
           | primarily outside of line of business operations) budgets can
           | be inflexible in the short term and just as often trend
           | downward as upward. And people move on. Just because you
           | developed a business justification with my the person who
           | owned a budget before me doesn't mean I'm going to identify
           | that need as a business priority, particularly if my first
           | interaction with understanding that piece of our operations
           | is that it requires a ballooning cost allocation.
        
         | throwawaysleep wrote:
         | "hated" doesn't matter unless customers actually change their
         | behaviour. Companies will get screwed over on low cost RFPs
         | again and again and again and do nothing about it but whine.
         | 
         | Customer satisfaction only has value if it drives additional
         | sales, but plenty of orgs do not care.
         | 
         | Accenture and IBM have been doing this for decades. They do it
         | because it works.
        
         | safeimp wrote:
         | > In reality, 'land and expand' is almost universally hated by
         | customers
         | 
         | Honest question but do you have any source for this or is it
         | primarily your personal experience?
         | 
         | In my experience land and experience has been leveraged to help
         | get a foot in the door sooner than later, it was never anything
         | more than that. If we had the ability to walk into a shop and
         | start with 100% of the clients environment we'd have done that
         | but the problem was typically tied to the customer not being
         | ready to rollout from 0-100 overnight. For us the best approach
         | was to start small and work with the customer on gradually
         | rolling out as they were comfortable.
         | 
         | Regarding your other point:
         | 
         | > How about neither of these - how about selling solutions that
         | you honestly believe are right-sized, being transparent about
         | the sizing/requirements assumptions you have made, and then
         | being flexible contractually if reality turns out different?
         | This is how you actually build trust and consumer satisfaction,
         | not by deliberately underquoting.
         | 
         | I'm in complete agreement, this is the best case scenario and
         | is certainly the best way to build long-term trust and
         | relationships but universally it doesn't happen or when it does
         | it's not transparent. The customer really has to push to make
         | this happen only leading to anxiety, relationship damage, etc.
        
           | thaeli wrote:
           | I think you may be talking about two slightly different
           | things.
           | 
           | Land and expand in the sense of "land a small, right-sized
           | solution for one group within a large company, then leverage
           | that successful deployment to expedite expansion to other
           | groups, and maybe eventually convert to an enterprise
           | agreement" is great, and often the only way to get in the
           | door at a large org. From the org's perspective, being able
           | to adopt an "existing" solution/provider is often much faster
           | and can even skip some RFP processes. I don't think anyone is
           | saying this is bad.
           | 
           | Land and expand can also mean "deliberately
           | undersell/underbid on a large RFP, take an initial loss, then
           | as soon as the customer's locked in slap them with large
           | change orders and annual increases". I don't think I need to
           | elaborate on why this is scummy.
           | 
           | The article isn't very clear about which scenario it's
           | advocating. In the simple case of per-seat licensing, I've
           | seen it both ways. From the customer's perspective: If we're
           | looking to buy your product, and say hey, this has some long-
           | term upside, we think it might be used by 500 people within
           | two years, but our initial group is 20 - that's an undersell
           | of sorts. Typically the concessions we would be asking there
           | are less around unit license cost and more around waiving
           | migration/setup charges or sometimes even negotiating a new
           | license category/SKU. (Hey we use 50 seats right now, we'd
           | like to buy 200 more but they're only going to use this one
           | new side feature you implemented, let's find a discounted
           | rate to only license that feature. It's an ethical undersell
           | because it was done with the customer fully aware.)
           | 
           | But I've also seen some groups get stuck with the reverse.
           | Sales promised them that oh yeah, this tier will work for
           | you, and then hit them with massive usage-based overages.
           | That's "land and expand" too, but it's scummy.
        
           | nickstinemates wrote:
           | > If we had the ability to walk into a shop and start with
           | 100% of the clients environment we'd have done that but the
           | problem was typically tied to the customer not being ready to
           | rollout from 0-100 overnight.
           | 
           | On top of that, there's a handful of people, maybe less, who
           | actually have the juice to be able to make this happen even
           | if they wanted to in any given organization. You're likely
           | not talking to them.
           | 
           | Teams who need to get shit done today and are ready to roll
           | out are much quicker to transact and less of an
           | organizational risk (time to value vs. contract amount)
        
         | waynesonfire wrote:
         | I have never seen anything remotely to your ideal.
         | 
         | Did you forget how competitive and cut throat the world is? You
         | don't sell, you don't eat. Sales is a race to the bottom, a
         | competitor will eat you alive by undercutting or over-promising
         | just the right amount to win the deal.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | Closi wrote:
           | It probably depends on both the market and the cultural
           | landscape.
           | 
           | I'm in the UK, and USA providers are more 'cut-throat' than
           | domestic UK providers in my personal experience when I have
           | tendered enterprise software in the past, and the cultural
           | differences have been massive.
           | 
           | Cut-throat is fine until you get a reputation for cost
           | overruns, get to be known as untrustworthy, and eventually
           | end up with a lack of customers willing to give you positive
           | references. I certainly know which vendors in _my_ industry
           | are known for land  & expand and scummy sales tactics (and
           | when I personally see these tactics being deployed I will
           | tell everyone else I know in the industry to avoid them like
           | the plague).
        
       | ultrasaurus wrote:
       | Sales compensation is one of the most interesting, difficult and
       | high leverage things a company can get right.
       | 
       | The way I've traditionally thought of "under-selling" is:
       | 
       | - You have multiple teams that could _maybe_ use your product,
       | and you can _maybe_ get their common manager to sign off on many
       | seats - But you start with the team most likely to be successful,
       | sell just those seats. Once they are firing on all cylinders they
       | 'll be very helpful training the other teams - Negotiate the
       | discounting curve for the extra seats ahead of time and agree on
       | expectations for timelines - Co-term the new seats, make it very
       | easy to expand - But of course customer cash is king, and if they
       | want to do procurement exactly once and are ok with seats sitting
       | idle for a while, that's what you'll do
       | 
       | One of the great strengths of the SaaS billing model is how you
       | can map the buying process to the the actual use of the tool.
        
       | thisismyusrname wrote:
       | Problem is if venture capital is valuing companies as a multiple
       | of revenue then management has an incentive to juice revenue
       | _right now_ because every dollar of revenue will increase the
       | value of their stock by that multiple which is (1) often quite
       | high (10-40) and (2) likely a more profitable strategy for
       | management than the incremental cost of annoyed customers.
       | 
       | Not to say this sales structure isn't good. It sounds good. I'm
       | just not sure it changes one of the biggest incentives to
       | aggressively sell with a shorter term time horizon than some
       | subset of shareholders might have.
        
         | notahacker wrote:
         | I guess the tradeoff is that underselling allows you to juice
         | your CLV estimates even more with inflated upsell figures.
         | 
         | From a purely cynical perspective, which is best probably
         | depends on the market and maturity of the business and cost of
         | sale: can you tell more convincing stories about ability to
         | keep doubling the number of new customers walking through the
         | door like you did over the last few months, or how your product
         | is so good larger customers are going to keep doubling their
         | spend every few months like most of them did recently...
        
       | drc500free wrote:
       | Off topic, this site is pretty much unreadable on a 2020 iPhone
       | SE. The fixed sized header takes up 40% of the screen. On load I
       | can't even see the entire headline, let alone any of the article.
       | My phone isn't even 2 years old, and my wife still uses the old
       | SE that is much smaller.
       | 
       | Why is this stuff still so hard?
        
       | upupandup wrote:
       | The reality of this strategy is that as soon as the customer
       | realizes you undersold them, they will take their business
       | elsewhere unless your offering is so unique and tough to
       | reproduce.
        
       | iseletsk wrote:
       | I think there are two conversations going on at the same time.
       | One is "per project" fee, where charging less upfront to charge
       | more later on is just ... wrong. I don't think the article is
       | about that case.
       | 
       | Yet, in SaaS world, when you sell per seat to a large company,
       | you can either: 1. get a small deal / a few seats, and then
       | expand (because your product is great) 2. try to land as big of a
       | deal as possible from the get go.
       | 
       | The typical sales comp structure is forcing salespeople to go for
       | #2, as they don't get as much money for expansion. My
       | understanding is that the article is arguing for changing the
       | comp structure to make #1 as exciting as #2 for the sales person.
       | And that is the whole point. The chances to get the deal, and
       | time to get the deal when sales person goes for #1 are much
       | better than in case #2. IMHO: Makes a lot of sense.
        
       | Enginerrrd wrote:
       | In my consulting business, I've found the opposite strategy to be
       | true.
       | 
       | I, if anything, deliberately slightly overbid/oversell. Then when
       | I deliver the product that they asked for less than I quote them,
       | I get REAL word of mouth, glowing recommendations.
       | 
       | I also have found that this practice really weeds out the people
       | that would otherwise give me endless problems like delaying or
       | fighting payment, poorly defining their requirements, changing
       | their mind dramatically half-way through, or failing to take my
       | advice on things that will give them legal problems or cost them
       | an enormous amount of money down the road. (And then come back
       | and try to blame me for them not taking my advice.)
       | 
       | I also have the budget to deliver what they actually need at the
       | quality they actually want.
       | 
       | Being proud of deliberately misleading people in a way that
       | negatively impacts them feels really gross to me.
        
         | sitkack wrote:
         | I have given customers discounts because they wrote great docs,
         | prepared for meetings, didn't mess around with paying, etc. And
         | I tell them, I am giving you a discount of xyz because of zzz.
         | Half the time they denied the discount but were thankful that I
         | recognized their professionalism.
         | 
         | Problem customers just aren't worth it unless that is all you
         | have.
        
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