[HN Gopher] After bus fire, CT pulls electric fleet from service
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       After bus fire, CT pulls electric fleet from service
        
       Author : starkd
       Score  : 52 points
       Date   : 2022-07-26 14:07 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.ctinsider.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.ctinsider.com)
        
       | throwaway1777 wrote:
       | How much emissions did that release compared to running a petrol
       | bus?
        
         | MafellUser wrote:
         | Similar to a burning petrol bus.
        
           | chernevik wrote:
           | Which happens how often?
        
         | MichaelCollins wrote:
         | I haven't heard of petrol buses before, you probably mean
         | diesel or CNG. Petrol is what Americans and Canadians commonly
         | call gasoline, which is generally used in smaller vehicles than
         | buses or trucks, which generally burn diesel instead. Petrol is
         | a lot more dangerous than diesel because petrol fumes are
         | explosively flammable, while diesel is relatively nonvolatile.
        
       | billyo wrote:
       | We need more electric trolley busses. This whole battery nonsense
       | is ridiculous
        
         | sleepybrett wrote:
         | Seattle has a great many of them but the lines for them to run
         | on only exist in certain place, granted they are the densest
         | places. But running that pair of electric lines everywhere is a
         | big infrastructure project for any city.
        
           | olyjohn wrote:
           | They're willing to tear up the streets, install rails and run
           | those slow-ass streetcars down the middle of the road.
           | 
           | Also I imagine that getting enough power to your charging
           | facility to charge 50+ buses up overnight isn't going to be
           | any small feat either.
           | 
           | At least with the overhead lines, you don't have to worry
           | about charging. You don't have to carry heavy, expensive
           | batteries either. Though you do get the occasional
           | "derailment" where the bus comes off the line. But the bus
           | drivers are able to fix that themselves.
        
         | tapoxi wrote:
         | Bostonian here, I used to commute on one every day (MBTA 71 and
         | 73), but they were taken out of service earlier this year, for
         | eventual EV replacement.
         | 
         | The problem with electric trolley busses is that they can't
         | pass each other, they perform very poorly in rain, frequently
         | disconnect, and they need constant maintenance of the overhead
         | wiring. I do miss it because it was a local landmark, but an EV
         | bus will be much nicer to have.
        
       | billyo wrote:
       | We need more electric trolley busses. These battery powered ones
       | are nonsense
        
         | akgerber wrote:
         | Modern trolleybuses with in-motion charging, like Dayton's
         | latest models, will still have substantial batteries for off-
         | wire operation.
        
           | RC_ITR wrote:
           | Yeah but a city like sf has run those for decades very
           | safely.
        
           | sofixa wrote:
           | Even then, a much lower capacity is required if the trolley
           | bus will spend the majority of it's lifecycle on a catenary.
        
         | KennyBlanken wrote:
         | Trolley buses cannot be detoured and the infrastructure costs
         | are enormous, as is the cost of even a minor route change.
         | 
         | Battery technology continues to improve in cost, energy
         | density, and charge/discharge rate. There are already systems
         | that use a catenary-like device to "top off" the bus while it
         | is stopped at a bus stop.
        
           | sofixa wrote:
           | All modern trolleybuses have either batteries or diesel
           | engines for detours.
           | 
           | Infrastructure costs aren't "enormous", that would be if
           | you're putting rails in the ground for trams.
        
       | dangle1 wrote:
       | The make of the bus doesn't seem to have been reported, but maybe
       | one of the New Flyers they purchased?
       | 
       | https://portal.ct.gov/DOT/Publictrans/Bureau-of-Public-Trans...
        
       | SigmundA wrote:
       | Anyone know the brand of bus and type of battery pack? Can't seem
       | to find the info. Mainly wondering if it is a NMC or NCA pack or
       | more stable LFP pack. LFP's are much safer with much lower chance
       | for thermal runaway but they will still burn, they are also
       | cheaper have much long cycle life and don't use nickel or cobalt
       | but have a lower energy density. City buses would be a great
       | application for LFP.
        
       | atlasunshrugged wrote:
       | IMO this is an aspect of the shift to EV's that I don't hear all
       | that many people talking about- is the gov giving enough
       | resources/training to local emergency services providers to deal
       | with these sorts of fires and the disposal of the EV materials
       | after a fire. Totally surmountable, but I feel like I don't hear
       | the federal gov talk about it much and instead the focus is on
       | more chargers and tax credits to eliminate range anxiety and
       | drive the cost down for consumers
        
         | DoingIsLearning wrote:
         | > is the gov giving enough resources/training to local
         | emergency services providers to deal with these sorts of fires
         | and the disposal of the EV materials after a fire.
         | 
         | The main immediate threat is not disposal or even fire itself
         | but the release of hydrogen fluoride _during_ a fire. You have
         | to avoid airway and eye exposure at all cost with HF. This is
         | probably the main difference in an EV emergency response as
         | opposed to other chemical fires.
         | 
         | The second main issue is securing an electrically safe chasis
         | during crash and vehicle extraction (if you need to start
         | chopping the car up to extract someone), you need to know what
         | to cut and when.
         | 
         | This unfortunately varies wildly, model to model, with
         | manufacturers adding battery packs in multiple locations for
         | space and weight management. I know there has been a lot of
         | effort in standardizing charging systems, perhaps we also need
         | some form of emergency service kill switch, but this being HN
         | that could also introduce a massive potential for abuse.
        
           | bdamm wrote:
           | Many models have a pyro fuse in the battery pack high voltage
           | hook-up that blows when the airbags deploy. Also common is
           | that if the 12V battery is disabled, the high voltage pack is
           | also disabled. And many models simply disconnect the high
           | voltage pack when in park (or soon thereafter).
           | 
           | So while you're right that there's not a common standard, the
           | common reality is that the packs aren't dangerous in a crash.
           | Regulation could push this just a little further and mandate
           | pyro fuses in pack hookups, which would reduce the
           | probability of electrocution to first responders and
           | occupants to basically zero, since nobody would try to cut
           | through the floor of the vehicle in an extraction (where the
           | pack cells are, and the most dangerous part when it comes to
           | randomly cutting cross sections.)
        
             | KennyBlanken wrote:
             | All EVs and hybrids have contactors inside the battery pack
             | and if it is not energized, there is no high voltage
             | present anywhere in the vehicle outside the pack.
        
           | KennyBlanken wrote:
           | > The main immediate threat is not disposal or even fire
           | itself but the release of hydrogen fluoride _during_ a fire.
           | You have to avoid airway and eye exposure at all cost with
           | HF. This is probably the main difference in an EV emergency
           | response as opposed to other chemical fires.
           | 
           | At any chemical or vehicle fire, firefighters are wearing
           | SCBAs.
           | 
           | > The second main issue is securing an electrically safe
           | chasis during crash and vehicle extraction (if you need to
           | start chopping the car up to extract someone), you need to
           | know what to cut and when.
           | 
           | HV cables are extremely clearly marked (bright orange, a
           | color not used for any other component.)
           | 
           | HV cables run directly from the battery to the inverter.
           | Extraction involves prying doors / cutting door hinges /
           | cutting roof pillars. Not chopping up the floor.
           | 
           | HV cables are not energized after a crash because every
           | battery, EV or hybrid, has an internal contactor that fails
           | safe. There is also usually a clearly marked physical plug
           | that can be pulled.
           | 
           | I love it when people jump on internet forums and talk
           | authoritatively and demonstrate they know _absolutely nothing
           | about the subject at hand._
        
         | nathanaldensr wrote:
         | The entire point is that you can't "deal" with it. Since car
         | batteries contain the fuel and the oxidizer, there isn't a way
         | to separate them short of blowing the whole thing up. Fires can
         | stop and start spontaneously, and often do (see pictures and
         | videos of Teslas on fire in junkyards).
        
           | quartesixte wrote:
           | Add to the fact that the fuel is Lithium and you're in for a
           | badddddd time
        
             | kwhitefoot wrote:
             | There really isn't as much lithium in a battery pack as
             | people seem to think. The 450 kg pack in a Model S has
             | about 60 kg of lithium. Dutch fire fighters dump the whole
             | car in a skip full of water to cool it down once they have
             | contained the fire so that it burns out but doesn't set
             | light to anything else.
             | 
             | 60 kg is roughly 9 kmol and 1 mol has a heat of combustion
             | of 300 kJ/mol so if burnt in air it would release 3e5 * 9e3
             | = 27e8 J which is about 75 kWh (coincidentally about the
             | same as the battery capacity). Enough energy to raise a ton
             | of water by 67.5 K. So if you can submerge it in water it
             | will pose no further risk.
             | 
             | I presume that the lithium water reaction releases a
             | similar amount of energy if the hydrogen burns, someone
             | with a better knowledge of the chemistry could correct me.
        
           | bragr wrote:
           | This is not really true. There are tools and agents to
           | address lithium fires, but you have to have them. If you just
           | try to put them out with water, you're going to be there all
           | night fighting reignition.
        
             | DoneWithAllThat wrote:
             | Please don't leave us in suspense: what are these tools and
             | agents? Got a link?
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | For lithium, sand is enough. If you have HF like a
               | sibling said, sand won't do, but I can't imagine you
               | would get enough of it to sustain a fire.
        
               | bragr wrote:
               | Lithium fires are considered class B so any chemical
               | agent such as found in any standard ABC or dry chemical
               | fire extinguisher would be sufficient. As for tools,
               | there's stuff that can be used to pierce the battery case
               | and inject water or agents directly into the battery.
               | 
               | https://arstechnica.com/cars/2021/11/new-firefighting-
               | tool-d...
        
             | KennyBlanken wrote:
             | Lithium ion battery fires are not lithium fires.
             | 
             | Water is the recommended method because it is the most
             | effective way to stop thermal runaway.
             | 
             | If you don't believe me, google "lithium ion battery fires
             | water"
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | londons_explore wrote:
           | Electric cars could totally be designed to be re-ignite-
           | proof.
           | 
           | For example, you'd have the battery pack detect a breach -
           | for example through a lack of pressurised coolant.
           | 
           | That would then trigger each battery cell to have a PTC
           | resistor discharge it - that could be entirely mechanical.
           | 
           | The PTC resistors would discharge the battery in a few hours,
           | maintaining the battery temperature at say 120C. As water is
           | doused onto the battery, it will boil off.
           | 
           | As soon as the battery temperature cools below 120C, then
           | every cell is guaranteed to be discharged.
        
             | KennyBlanken wrote:
             | > The PTC resistors would discharge the battery in a few
             | hours, maintaining the battery temperature at say 120C
             | 
             | Thermal runaway in lithium ion batteries starts at 100C and
             | is a significant danger at 60C.
             | 
             | Maybe learn more about subjects before you come up with all
             | these opinions on how things should be done.
        
               | londons_explore wrote:
               | Only in unpressurized cans. Pressurized sealed cells can
               | have much higher thermal range, which is why nearly all
               | EV manufacturers use them.
               | 
               | For example, even DEC can be made safe to 175C at 3
               | bar[1]. 3 bar isn't a lot for a liquid filled metal can.
               | 
               | [1]: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/
               | Vapour_p...
               | 
               | Obviously they can still suffer thermal runaway, but it
               | happens at much higher temperatures.
        
             | KaiserPro wrote:
             | So in a thermal event, where integrity of the coolant is
             | compromised, you want to dump more heat into the system?
             | 
             | Its not just the electrical issues at play, its the fact
             | that hot battery fluid burns spontaneously with exposure to
             | air (I suspect also water, but I'm less sure about that)
        
               | londons_explore wrote:
               | A PTC resistor only dumps heat _if_ the system isn 't
               | already hot. PTC resistors can be designed which will
               | survive a car fire.
               | 
               | It's a good way to ensure that the only way the system
               | can appear safe (ie. cold) is when all batteries are
               | discharged, therefore preventing re-ignition.
               | 
               | Obviously you could also have an external energy dump for
               | that purpose (for example power up the cars 5 kw
               | resistive heater for 10 hours), but that's both far
               | slower than boiling water at scale, and won't work after
               | major damage which is likely after a car fire.
        
             | kayodelycaon wrote:
             | How well do these safety feature survive 2,000+oF fire
             | burning next to them?
        
               | dymk wrote:
               | there's a period of time between normal operation and
               | 2000 degree fire where this could be detected
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | Badly. How well does gasoline containers survive it?
               | 
               | If you have a 2000degF fire, you probably have buildings
               | collapsing and a lot of fire everywhere surrounding it.
               | As long as things do not explode, you can't make it much
               | worse by any action. And exploding is something the
               | batteries don't do.
        
               | DoingIsLearning wrote:
               | PCB solder will reflow at about 240degC or 470degF so
               | provided you have a thermal resistant container around
               | the pcb it will probably outlive the fire long enough to
               | fail-safe, these kind of hardware mitigations will
               | probably latch with a latency in the microseconds scale.
        
         | Proven wrote:
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | woodruffw wrote:
       | I think it's fantastic that smaller-to-midsized towns are
       | bringing EV buses into service, but I'll mention my perennial
       | bugbear again: all of these towns had dedicated trolley service
       | under a century ago. The lines were torn up and replaced with
       | less frequent, traffic encumbered bus routes.
       | 
       | Hamden, for example, had three lines between it and New Haven[1].
       | 
       | [1]: http://www.hamdenhistoricalsociety.org/trolleys.html
        
         | jdlshore wrote:
         | I get that this bugs you, but what does it add to the
         | conversation today? Those lines are long gone, and it's not
         | like complaining about it will bring them back.
        
           | ZeroGravitas wrote:
           | It's not safe on HN to tell the more obvious lies about EVs,
           | renewable power, climate change etc. that are popular in
           | certain circles due to the more technical audience so you get
           | a lot of people with unusually strong views about how
           | obsolete tech X is actually better for the planet than the
           | solution that experts in the field have settled on.
           | 
           | Can't have people believing that experts and democratic
           | governance is capable of performing even basic functions or
           | the next stop is communism.
        
           | dangerwill wrote:
           | These lines would be unambiguously better (cheaper, much
           | simpler materials, much less embodied carbon, faster and more
           | reliable if given a proper right of way) than a bunch of
           | electric buses in shared traffic so it makes sense to bring
           | them up.
        
             | mminer237 wrote:
             | How is building dedicated trolley tracks cheaper than
             | buying a bus and running it on ordinary pavement?
             | 
             | And streetcars have no reason to be faster either. It's
             | easier and historically faster to have a dedicated bus lane
             | than a dedicated trolley lane, but there's just not enough
             | will for even that.
        
               | woodruffw wrote:
               | I won't make the claim that trolleys are cheaper, in
               | terms of initial capital. I _will_ make the claim that
               | they 're more _sustainable_ , in the following senses:
               | 
               | * They make their neighborhoods more valuable to both
               | residents and businesses, which in turn prevents
               | neighborhood flight
               | 
               | * Streetcars cost less _over time_ , after their initial
               | cost. Portland found that streetcars cost the city
               | roughly half as much per ride as buses do, and streetcar
               | bodies themselves last much longer than buses do[1].
               | 
               | Ultimately, however, we're talking about public
               | infrastructure. It _shouldn 't_ be beholden to the lowest
               | cost; we should be balancing cost with _benefit_.
               | 
               | [1]: https://www.vox.com/2018/7/13/17570156/us-streetcar-
               | trend-pu...
        
             | googlryas wrote:
             | Not really, because you can rework bus routes about 10,000x
             | easier than rerouting trolley lines. If there are very
             | dense, well defined lines, then sure trolleys can be
             | better.
        
         | nomel wrote:
         | Trolleys have a fixed route, which is not ideal. Fixed routes
         | is why you see buses going down the road empty, or with one
         | person on them.
        
           | woodruffw wrote:
           | I don't understand this point. Buses _don 't_ have inherently
           | fixed routes, so that isn't why they go down the road empty.
           | It's because, in many places, their routes haven't been
           | replanned to compensate for suburban sprawl, and their
           | service is _bad_.
           | 
           | The fixed-route nature of trolleys is not an inherently bad
           | thing. In fact, it was the dominant (and eminently
           | sustainable) form of urban expansion for over 75 years[1]. It
           | turns out that fixed routes mean _stability_ , which in turn
           | means that businesses feel comfortable investing in long-term
           | presence. Residents similarly find them desirable, since they
           | can be certain that their streetcar won't be taken away from
           | them (unlike a bus).
           | 
           | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streetcar_suburb
        
             | nomel wrote:
             | > Buses don't have inherently fixed routes
             | 
             | In my city, they haven't changed the bus routes in several
             | decades.
        
               | woodruffw wrote:
               | Right, that was the point about bad service: trolleys and
               | buses _can_ have stable routes but, paradoxically, that
               | stability is generally good for trolleys and not good for
               | buses.
        
         | DemocracyFTW2 wrote:
         | Very true. For the disbelievers, have a gander at this fine
         | map: https://www.flickr.com/photos/115892967@N03/49373818816
         | 
         | Be sure to zoom in all the way--the interurbans of Michigan,
         | Ohio and Indiana are not restricted to the red lines, the black
         | lines (marked up with an indication of the company running it
         | and circles for stops) are covering _the entire map_ in a fine
         | mesh. Legend has it that for some time you could ride from New
         | York to Chicago by hopping from one interurban to the next,
         | with a gap of a few miles in-between that you would have to
         | cover with some other mode of transportation. All those who
         | claim that public transport is infeasible neglect that it used
         | to be very feasible. This map does not show local streetcar
         | lines, e.g. here 's a 1940s map of Detroit streetcars:
         | https://detroitography.com/2013/10/12/detroit-streetcar-rail...
        
       | jeffbee wrote:
       | Battery buses are a solution ahead of their time. Any old bus is
       | better than car-based transportation, so shifting modes from car
       | to bus is more important than changing the energy source of the
       | bus. If shifting from car to bus is impossible because of built
       | environment, that's the first priority. Buses powered by
       | batteries should be way down at the end of the TODO list.
       | 
       | If you absolutely insist on having buses that aren't direct
       | sources of CO2, fuel cells are a more mature technology that
       | makes more sense than batteries.
        
         | KaiserPro wrote:
         | I suspect that you don't live in europe.
         | 
         | In london, buses are a massive source of particulate and
         | nitrogen pollution.
         | 
         | We've had hybrid buses for a good 5 years, some hydrogen ones
         | as well (but only one or two routes)
         | 
         | However london has rolled out 100% electric buses in the last 3
         | years, and they've not caught fire at a faster rate than the
         | diesel ones.
        
           | jeffbee wrote:
           | In London that makes sense because they already have a decent
           | mode share. I suspect the bus mode share in Hamden,
           | Connecticut is 1% or less.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | absolutelynobo wrote:
         | The stunning failure of Nikola or any other large-scale fuel
         | cell company other than Toyota to deliver working FC vehicles
         | really calls into question your characterization of hydrogen as
         | "more mature" than batteries. Every FC vehicle is also an EV,
         | just FYI.
         | 
         | One would also wonder why China has ~0 fuel cell buses and tens
         | of thousands of electric buses if FC is the more mature tech.
        
           | jeffbee wrote:
           | My city has a large fleet of fuel cell buses and has had them
           | for over a decade, which suggests you don't know what you are
           | talking about.
        
             | absolutelynobo wrote:
             | So you're saying that the the unnamed town you're in bought
             | a few FC buses 10 years ago and is still maintaining them
             | today? That's great, but it's also an anecdote.
             | 
             | Have they bought any recently? Have neighboring towns
             | bought in as well?
        
               | jeffbee wrote:
               | I see that you are doubling down on the "don't know what
               | you're talking about" aspect of this debate. My local
               | transit agency is AC Transit. It serves millions of
               | people in several large cities. Last year it ordered
               | fifty more fuel cell vehicles from its suppliers.
               | 
               | https://www.actransit.org/zeb
        
               | absolutelynobo wrote:
               | Thank you for sharing that link, Jeff! It's neat to see
               | that ACT is going for a 70% hydrogen, 30% electric mix.
               | Their page has a unbiased-sounding section on it:
               | 
               | > We will be running hydrogen and battery electric
               | vehicles in identical service to collect real-world
               | performance data for comparison--and to determine which
               | technology performs better to meet the needs of our
               | service as we move towards a complete zero-emission fleet
               | by 2040.
               | 
               | It looks like they started the hydrogen bus project 20
               | years ago, not ten.
        
         | throwaway0a5e wrote:
         | Buses and other "same route local delivery" type vehicles are a
         | prime candidate for electrification TODAY because the short and
         | known daily mileage plus always returning to the same spot at
         | downtime sidesteps a lot of the range/charger problems that
         | push EV to be just barely not viable enough for other cases.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | txsoftwaredev wrote:
         | A bus is only better if it is full of passengers, which is not
         | always the case.
        
         | velcrohacker wrote:
         | Any sources to support the claim that fuel cells are more
         | mature?
         | 
         | Looking at another aspect, how many hydrogen generation
         | facilities are there in CT, vs. facilities that can charge an
         | electric bus?
        
         | dumpsterlid wrote:
         | Yah precisely the point. We should focus on making busses comfy
         | and nice and on getting good coverage with bus routes so that
         | people use them.
         | 
         | Worry about them being electric later, the environmental impact
         | of less people driving far overshadows the impact of ev vs gas
         | busses.
        
           | pineconebutt wrote:
        
       | tantar wrote:
       | Im a Vol Firefighter in a Major City Suburb with lots of highways
       | and tons of crashes. We get 2-3 car fires and passenger
       | extractions per month. The first question we ask on the way out
       | is "Is this an EV?"
       | 
       | We need to know this because EVs trigger the rollout of Water
       | Tankers from surrounding towns, as many as we can get. Usually a
       | Water Shuttle has to be set up. Not many Fire Hydrants on
       | Highways, and EV fires require A LOT of water, like several house
       | fires worth... Here is some external detail on this -
       | https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-crash-fire-lithium-bat...
       | 
       | Also, we need to start calling more manpower. EV fires burn a
       | very very long time while ICE fires are usually put out in the
       | first few mins, and with 1 engine's 1000gal tank water.
       | 
       | Adding to this, the fire is usually under the car, and quite hard
       | to get too. We are very good at opening locked car hoods and
       | cutting metal to get at the fire, but when its deep in the guts
       | of the thing, its impossible. At my department, we have started
       | working on ways to jack the car up safely while its on fire so we
       | can get water onto it. Trust me, its even harder than you would
       | think...
       | 
       | The Standard Operating Procedure is to put water on the car and
       | surrounding area so that nothing else catches on fire, but
       | basically we have to let the thing burn out, and that can take
       | hours and hours...
       | 
       | EV car batteries do not rely on the environment for their fires
       | to burn. The fuel brings its own oxidizer, and it doesnt need
       | anything else. We can put out Liquid Fuel fires by robbing the
       | oxygen or removing the heat(thats what the water does), but once
       | EV fire gets to a particular point of no return (which it arrives
       | at very quickly) there is really nothing that can be done to stop
       | it, just make sure it doesnt get any worse...
       | 
       | Here is the current thinking from the NFPA (firefighting safety
       | and standards organization in the US), you'll see EV car fires
       | are long on problems, but even the most focused minds in the US
       | Fire Prevention industry are short on answers at this time.
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sp3WvKON_W4
        
         | beams_of_light wrote:
         | I recently purchased an EV, and there is an emergency high
         | voltage battery cutoff in the rear. Do you guys know about
         | those, or if so, are they effective?
        
           | tantar wrote:
           | The cutoff is to stop the electricity from leaving the
           | battery, and electrifying the rest of the car. Nothing more
           | fun that getting electrocuted just touching a car. F1 cars
           | are also Hybrids, and if you watch F1 drivers exit a the car
           | after a crash, they do a little hop off the car. Making sure
           | not to touch the car and the ground at the same time. They
           | also have little indicators that show if there is current
           | running into the car's body. I will venture that an F1 hybrid
           | system is at least as advanced, if not more-so, than a common
           | consumer hybrid system. At the least, I wish Commercial EVs
           | had that same electrification indicator.
           | 
           | Cutting that wire is largely, to de-power airbags and the
           | like. Airbags DO go off unexpectedly, and can inure a
           | responder quite effectively. Cutting the power is a normal
           | step in any big motor vehicle incident, EV or ICE.
           | 
           | Tesla and others do publish all this information with nice
           | diagrams and handy mobile apps, and we study them. However,
           | this doesnt fix the problem of the Huge Energy load in the
           | battery itself. Even if that energy cant get out of the
           | battery through wires, it can still burn like crazy inside
           | (and outside) the battery case(s).
        
       | draw_down wrote:
        
       | drooby wrote:
       | > As a result of the fire, the electric bus fleet was pulled from
       | service as a precaution, Rickman said.
       | 
       | > "The importance of rider safety is demonstrated by taking these
       | buses out of service and ensuring a thorough investigation is
       | completed prior to any redeployment of the fleet," Rickman said.
        
       | novantadue wrote:
       | This happened in China as well with a domino effect: 5 buses
       | total https://newsasiatoday.com/electric-bus-china-caught-fire/
        
       | ShakataGaNai wrote:
       | While this is unfortunate to have happened, this says more about
       | CT being smart and having an over abundance of caution, than lack
       | of faith in a technology.
       | 
       | BART, which has been running for 50 years recently [1] had an
       | issue with the heat that caused a train to derail. For several
       | days that section of track was totally shut down. For weeks
       | afterwards they ran the trains at an extremely low speed through
       | the miles of surrounding track - for safety. It's been a month
       | and I'm honestly not sure if they are running "at speed" again
       | yet.
       | 
       | It's good to be cautious when you don't know the cause of an
       | issue or aren't sure what happened. Someone could have shot the
       | bus's battery... or it could be wired in a faulty manner... or
       | they could have a design flaw. Lots of options, good to ground
       | them until you know why. Lest we have another MAX8 debacle.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.eastbaytimes.com/2022/06/21/bart-train-
       | partially...
        
         | starkd wrote:
         | Yes. Good thing to ground them, but it also shows these
         | vehicles are not ready. Even if its an act of sabotoge, like
         | someone shooting at the battery. It would not happen with a
         | regular diesel bus.
        
           | crinkletoes wrote:
           | Shooting the battery pack won't cause the pack to do anything
           | quickly. People would still have plenty of time to get out.
        
           | velcrohacker wrote:
           | Umm, it did. In CT. Last month. https://archive.ph/FZ2wv
        
             | teawrecks wrote:
             | I don't see anything in this article about someone
             | sabotaging the fuel line. In fact, they don't even mention
             | how the fire started at all.
             | 
             | Why is this article relevant?
        
               | nomel wrote:
               | Here's the comment flow:
               | 
               | > Even if its an act of sabotage, like someone shooting
               | at the battery. It would not happen with a regular diesel
               | bus.
               | 
               | He's saying, even with sabotage, it would not have
               | happened with a diesel bus.
               | 
               | Then a link was posted showing a diesel bus catching
               | fire, _no sabotage required_. Diesel vehicle fires aren
               | 't some impossibility, as a quick google search will make
               | clear.
        
               | teawrecks wrote:
               | Well yeah, you can forcibly set anything on fire if you
               | want to, the comment was specifically referring to
               | compromising the fuel system of the diesel vehicle, which
               | we have zero information to indicate was the cause.
        
             | ceeplusplus wrote:
             | I think the difference here is that an EV battery fire
             | quickly spreads to the entire length of the bus, because
             | the battery spans the entire length of the bus internally.
             | Whereas the diesel fire is contained to the fuel tank and
             | engine block, which could allow passengers to more easily
             | escape to whatever end of the bus isn't on fire.
             | 
             | New battery chemistries like LFP should solve the thermal
             | runaway issue.
        
               | crinkletoes wrote:
               | No, the bus batteries involved here do not propagate
               | quickly. When it can't be contained, it takes more than
               | 20 minutes to spread, which is plenty of time to evacuate
               | the bus.
        
               | mlyle wrote:
               | > I think the difference here is that an EV battery fire
               | quickly spreads to the entire length of the bus
               | 
               | It's an interesting theory, but I don't see it supported
               | by these articles.
               | 
               | The entire diesel bus had its back third engulfed _very
               | quickly_ , from these sources.
               | 
               | The entire electric bus burned, but we don't have any
               | information on the rate at which the fire propagated.
        
         | kazinator wrote:
         | Why don't we pull diesel bus fleets off the road whenever there
         | is a diesel bus fire?
        
       | GiorgioG wrote:
       | As much progress has been made in EVs, I have no interest in
       | sitting atop of a napalm bomb while zipping around town. There's
       | a few problems that keep me from being remotely interested in
       | EVs, this is one of them. The others are range anxiety, energy
       | storage portability and battery replacement costs.
       | 
       | If I run out of gas on the side of the highway, I call AAA and
       | they can deliver me a couple of gallons of gas or I can walk to a
       | gas station. If your EV runs out of juice, you have to have it
       | towed to a charging station.
        
         | maeln wrote:
         | > As much progress has been made in EVs, I have no interest in
         | sitting atop of a napalm bomb while zipping around town.
         | 
         | That is literally what you are doing with gasoline car. And
         | fuel being much more energy dense than a battery, it is
         | actually more dangerous. Car burning was a thing way before
         | EVs.
        
         | ShakataGaNai wrote:
         | The napalm bomb you're speaking of is made of gasoline. Which
         | is in most cars and vehicles on the road. So you're less afraid
         | of something designed to catch fire and explode (gas) than
         | something that is designed to operate safely at it's core
         | (batteries)? That just doesn't make sense.
         | 
         | Other than being afraid of new technology. And that's totally
         | ok. Its fine to say you don't like change or new technologies.
         | There is absolutely nothing wrong with that. In everything
         | we've done, there is always someone willing to lead the way,
         | and others that will follow.
         | 
         | And the range anxiety is not really applicable to a bus. In
         | fact you could say this is really the perfect use case for an
         | EV.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | starkd wrote:
           | But ICE engines have had over 100 years of continuous testing
           | and deployment on a mass scale. The risks and dangers are
           | fairly well known now. EV's lag far behind that. Perhaps they
           | should be deployed in smaller passenger vehicles before
           | attempting trucks and buses.
        
             | olyjohn wrote:
             | They have been deployed in smaller passenger vehicles for
             | well over 10 years now. Nissan Leaf... Tesla... etc.
        
           | Karunamon wrote:
           | Lithium batteries are dangerous in a way gasoline tanks are
           | not: while a punctured tank (say, due to a unlucky collision
           | with a piece of debris or a crash) is dangerous, it does not
           | guarantee a fire or explosion. A punctured lithium cell will
           | almost always burn.
           | 
           | There are also more ways to screw up a battery. Overcharging,
           | manufacturing defects, and so forth. A gas tank is literally
           | a chunk of cast metal with a pump in it.
           | 
           | Additionally, metal fires are severely hard to fight. Gas
           | fires can be extinguished in the usual ways, but a self-
           | oxidizing metal fire require special considerations, and
           | that's if it can be reasonably extinguished at all. That
           | isn't even mentioning the need to de-energize the battery
           | before attempting a rescue.
        
             | philipkglass wrote:
             | Primary (non-rechargeable) lithium batteries contain
             | metallic lithium, but all lithium ion batteries in vehicles
             | contain lithium only in ionic form. Building rechargeable
             | lithium batteries with lithium metal anodes is still in the
             | research stage. The problem with fighting lithium ion
             | vehicle fires is heat from battery self-discharge which can
             | cause ignition and re-ignition of the flammable liquid
             | electrolytes inside the batteries. That's one reason
             | researchers are also pursuing solid state lithium ion
             | batteries: to take out the flammable liquid electrolytes
             | that current batteries need.
        
           | throwaway0a5e wrote:
           | You're both widely overestimating the fire risk. It shouldn't
           | even be a consideration from the consumer perspective. The
           | color of the car probably matters more.
        
             | GiorgioG wrote:
             | If this (one of many) example doesn't scare you, well then
             | you're braver than I am: https://youtu.be/sAQlLu5ttOk?t=77
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | I watch videos and documentaries about plane crashes all
               | the time, and yet I am not afraid of flying because I
               | understand the safety culture and statistics of the
               | industry.
               | 
               | If you are afraid of your car, regardless of motive power
               | source, bursting into flames without warning, then you
               | shouldn't own a car, because tens of thousands of people
               | die in car crashes every year, and for most of them they
               | experienced no warning and could not have forseen their
               | death.
        
               | GiorgioG wrote:
               | > If you are afraid of your car...
               | 
               | I'm not afraid of MY car. I'm afraid of owning a car
               | where I'm literally sitting on top of the battery. Say
               | what you will about ICE's, but my gas tank is
               | comparatively far away from me in comparison to EVs
               | under-chassis battery designs.
               | 
               | Design a better battery where that removes this risk and
               | I'll consider it, until then I'm sticking to my ICE.
        
           | Cthulhu_ wrote:
           | Diesel is generally considered a safer fuel than gasoline,
           | it's a lot less gaseous or flammable.
           | 
           | That said, yeah it's not like ICE vehicles are any safer when
           | it comes to fire hazards. They're probably easier to
           | extinguish though; EV fires are a pain, to the point where
           | fire brigades bring in containers, fill them with water and
           | dump EV car wrecks into them until they've stopped reacting.
        
             | chernevik wrote:
             | When was the last recall of a gasoline fueled car for
             | spontaneous combustion?
        
               | MichaelCollins wrote:
               | Earlier this month:
               | https://www.nhtsa.gov/recalls?nhtsaId=22V484000#vehicle
               | 
               | > _Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain
               | 2020-2022 Escape, 2021-2022 Lincoln Corsair, and 2022
               | Maverick vehicles equipped with 2.5L HEV or PHEV engines.
               | In the event of an engine failure, engine oil and fuel
               | vapor may be released into the engine compartment and
               | accumulate near ignition sources such as hot engine or
               | exhaust components, possibly resulting in an engine
               | compartment fire._
        
           | Swizec wrote:
           | Gasoline doesn't burn. Gas+air mixture burns and the
           | concentration of gas has to be surprisingly low for the
           | reaction to work - 1 part gas for 14.7 parts air.
           | 
           | Batteries provide their own air and will burn submerged
           | underwater, if they want to. The firefighting protocol is
           | "Contain fire and wait, sometimes for days". That's why the
           | containment cell is designed to be nigh impervious and fire
           | is unlikely. But once a fire starts, good luck.
        
           | gunapologist99 wrote:
           | When was the last time you heard of a gasoline fire in a
           | modern vehicle? Why is it that EV fires are so common?
           | 
           | > Other than being afraid of new technology.
           | 
           | ... but then you resorted to ad hominem. Why would someone
           | have to be "afraid" of new technology in order to have
           | serious and legitimate concerns about it?
           | 
           | To help you out a bit, we also saw very bad lithium battery
           | issues in laptops about ten years ago (just search youtube),
           | to the point where airlines were seriously considering
           | banning laptops and phones from being brought on board (and
           | did ban one version of the Galaxy Note, IIRC). That was
           | resolved, so it stands to reason that as EV improves, the
           | risk of catastrophic fires will improve as well.
           | 
           | (Of course, those batteries were not being violently and
           | physically damaged, so it's unknown whether software will be
           | able to assist with accident-situations with an EV.)
        
             | ggm wrote:
             | > When was the last time you heard of a gasoline fire in a
             | modern vehicle? Why is it that EV fires are so common?
             | 
             | What is their commonality, against ICE car fires? Are you
             | subject to a recency/frequency bias in the news, or do you
             | have some citable facts behind this? I see a LOT of news
             | about EV fires, but few about the car fires I know happen
             | because I drive past them. I suggest there is a reporting
             | bias because of the topicality.
        
             | maeln wrote:
             | > When was the last time you heard of a gasoline fire in a
             | modern vehicle? Why is it that EV fires are so common?
             | 
             | Recently actually. An accident happened close to my place
             | and one of the car caught fire. The driver died.
             | 
             | > Why is it that EV fires are so common?
             | 
             | How are they more common ? Do you have any statistics about
             | it ?
        
             | aaronmdjones wrote:
             | > When was the last time you heard of a gasoline fire in a
             | modern vehicle?
             | 
             | A fire in an ICE car 2 months ago shut down our local
             | motorway for over 50 minutes during rush hour. A month
             | prior to that, someone ran their ICE car off the road into
             | a field; it caught fire and the driver died.
             | 
             | ICE vehicle fires are common. The difference is that EV
             | vehicle fires are more widely reported upon. You see more
             | stories about EV vehicle fires than ICE vehicle fires, so
             | you think they happen more often.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | >The difference is that EV vehicle fires are more widely
               | reported upon
               | 
               | A clapped out POS or a crashed vehicle catching fire
               | isn't newsworthy.
               | 
               | A vehicle bursting into flames without a good reason is.
        
             | wongarsu wrote:
             | According to the first statistic I found [1] there are
             | about 180000 highway vehicle fires each year in the US, and
             | in 26% of them the item that first ignited was "flammable
             | or combustible liquid, gas filter or piping". So that's
             | about 45000 gasoline fires a year in the US (if you don't
             | count ones where the fire started somewhere else in the
             | car). You just don't hear about them because they aren't
             | newsworthy (precisely because there are so many).
             | 
             | Sadly the source states that they don't have good numbers
             | on EVs to compare.
             | 
             | 1: https://www.nfpa.org/-/media/Files/News-and-
             | Research/Fire-st...
        
               | jotux wrote:
               | Some quick googling says tesla is ~70% [1] of the EV
               | market and there is someone who claims to track every
               | telsa fire [2] which has counts 97 fires since 2013.
               | Compare that to 45k ICE vehicles fires every year and it
               | appears that EVs are significantly less likely to catch
               | fire.
               | 
               | I think if you live in one of the top 50 metro areas of
               | the US and listen to local traffic news between June-
               | August you'll probably hear about a traffic problem
               | related to a car fire every few days or weeks. ICE
               | vehicles fires are just so common we accept it and it's
               | not reported unless especially gruesome.
               | 
               | 1: https://electrek.co/2022/04/26/tesla-tsla-
               | owns-75-percent-us...
               | 
               | 2: https://www.tesla-fire.com/
        
               | olyjohn wrote:
               | That's very fair. I've been in multiple cars that have
               | caught on fire on the road. In my experience, ICE fires
               | typically start in the engine bay. Hence why there's
               | literally a firewall between you and the engine. A small
               | handheld extinguisher can put them out easily, and I've
               | done this myself as well.
               | 
               | I have no experience with EV fires, or how they start...
               | but if it's under your ass in the battery pack, and no
               | easy way to get an extinguisher in there... then by the
               | time you notice, the fire may already be out of control.
               | 
               | I think that's what the big difference is going to be. EV
               | fires will be less common, but will be way more crazy.
               | That's why people will notice them much more.
        
               | Cpoll wrote:
               | > Compare that to 45k ICE vehicles fires every year and
               | it appears that EVs are significantly less likely to
               | catch fire.
               | 
               | You haven't provided enough information to make a
               | comparison.
               | 
               | Googling some numbers, Tesla has sold 2MM cars, so taking
               | that 97 number we get 0.00004 fires per Tesla.
               | 
               | US has 275MM cars, and (2022 - 2012) * 45000 = 450000, so
               | we have 0.00163 fires per ICE car.
               | 
               | Conclusion: If those numbers are correct, Teslas are two
               | orders of magnitude less likely to catch fire.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | I bet if you control for vehicle age and economic status,
               | EVs combust at the same rate as gasoline vehicles
        
               | GiorgioG wrote:
               | "In 2017, 70% of the cars to catch fire were more than 10
               | years old."
               | 
               | https://housegrail.com/car-fire-
               | statistics/#1_There_were_212...
        
               | gunapologist99 wrote:
               | Even if that's true (and your numbers do look to be
               | similar to what I've seen), it's not relevant, because
               | when a Tesla catches fire, it utterly immolates itself
               | and everything around it. That is certainly not true for
               | a gasoline fire once the fire engines roll up, to say
               | nothing of a diesel fire, which are comparatively hard to
               | start and easy to extinguish. It'd be far more
               | informative to compare injuries and damages.
        
         | viraptor wrote:
         | > If your EV runs out of juice, you have to have it towed to a
         | charging station.
         | 
         | Maybe that's the situation near you currently, but as EVs get
         | more popular, these services will as well. It's just
         | inevitable.
         | 
         | https://thedriven.io/2022/02/01/melbourne-start-up-launches-...
        
           | Cthulhu_ wrote:
           | I'm sure AA vehicles will - if they already aren't - be
           | supplied with a generator to put some juice back into
           | electric vehicles on the roadside. Probably lighter, more
           | compact, and less hassle than carrying around spare
           | batteries.
        
             | olyjohn wrote:
             | It's gonna need to be a huge generator, or else they're
             | gonna be sitting there all day. If you watch Long Way Up...
             | take a look at the huge diesel trucks they need to have
             | just to put the generator on the back to charge up the
             | motorcycles.
        
             | ZeroGravitas wrote:
             | The AA vehicles will likely be soon be EVs themselves, and
             | allow sharing their own battery charge, just as some
             | existing EV cars do.
        
         | cptskippy wrote:
         | Pretty much everything you've outlined is an irrational fear.
         | 
         | ICEVs catch fire a lot, it's just not reported because it's not
         | news.
         | 
         | https://www.nfpa.org/-/media/Files/News-and-Research/Fire-st...
         | 
         | > The others are range anxiety, energy storage portability and
         | battery replacement costs.
         | 
         | Unless you frequently take long road trips, range anxiety isn't
         | a thing for 200+ mile EVs. Batteries in EVs are currently
         | warrantied for mileage far beyond the distances that most ICE
         | owners drive their cars during it's usable life.
         | 
         | The horror stories you hear about people having to pay to
         | replace batteries are usually because they failed to do
         | something like have proper insurance.
         | 
         | > If I run out of gas on the side of the highway
         | 
         | Do you often run out of gas on the side of the highway and need
         | AAA to deliver you gas? I have never in my life run out of gas.
        
         | ThePadawan wrote:
         | (I'm not a driver, but I learned about this in German driving
         | school)
         | 
         | > If I run out of gas on the side of the highway, I call AAA
         | and they can deliver me a couple of gallons of gas or I can
         | walk to a gas station. If your EV runs out of juice, you have
         | to have it towed to a charging station.
         | 
         | AFAICT, if your _diesel_ car runs out of fuel (completely), it
         | also needs to get towed, maybe even to a garage to get
         | serviced.
        
           | cptskippy wrote:
           | Fuel injectors, filters, and pumps in unleaded cars can also
           | be damaged when the vehicle runs out of gas. I believe fuel
           | injectors are always damaged when run dry but not necessarily
           | to the point of failure.
        
         | donarb wrote:
         | AAA has offered mobile charging for electric vehicles for over
         | 10 years.
         | 
         | https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a15346575/placebo-on-wheel...
        
           | GiorgioG wrote:
           | And they retired the program sometime in 2019.
        
         | KaiserPro wrote:
         | > sitting atop of a napalm bomb while zipping around town.
         | 
         | you do know what napalm is made of right?
         | 
         | petrol is really really nasty flammable shit. crashed cars
         | catch fire, a lot.
        
         | yardie wrote:
         | > I have no interest in sitting atop of a napalm bomb while
         | zipping around town.
         | 
         | This is ironic considering ICE cars have a large reservoir of
         | the primary ingredient in napalm. And with every new technology
         | there is always a ramping phase. Prior to gas stations ICE cars
         | would have the same range anxiety issues. They needed to find a
         | pharmacy to refuel [0].
         | 
         | I've never understood the range anxiety. An EV only needs
         | electricity to recharge. If there is a power outlet available
         | anywhere you have a charge source. It might not be fast or
         | pretty but its far less overhead than standing up a gas station
         | in the middle of nowhere.
         | 
         | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertha_Benz
        
       | mikeytown2 wrote:
       | Lithium-titanate battery Seems like a better fit for in city
       | transportation where a quick charge is possible and safety is
       | highly desired. Not to mention the lifetime of those cells.
       | Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) Batteries have higher
       | energy but very short lifespans and are extremely flammable in
       | comparison. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium-
       | titanate_battery
        
       | chernevik wrote:
       | > "they emit no emissions and they last longer"
       | 
       | Not when they spontaneously combust they don't
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-07-26 23:02 UTC)