[HN Gopher] Apple Interview - 1995
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Apple Interview - 1995
        
       Author : iloverss
       Score  : 212 points
       Date   : 2022-07-26 08:53 UTC (14 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.engineersneedart.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.engineersneedart.com)
        
       | coldcode wrote:
       | Funny I worked there in 95-96 for half a year as a contractor
       | (DTS), and the interviews were fairly simple, the hardest thing
       | was looking at a page of source code and finding all the bugs.
       | Otherwise most people knew the Mac software I had lead or worked
       | on, so it wasn't a big deal. I left because I didn't want to be
       | there when Apple crapped out as seemed likely.
       | 
       | Steve came back a year after I left. Oh well, I might have stayed
       | there for 25 years too.
        
       | sylens wrote:
       | I really enjoyed this read. The author printing out his source
       | code so he could have a physical artifact signifying the end of
       | the journey for that game really resonated with me for some
       | reason.
        
       | morley wrote:
       | > though not the cleverest engineer, [I] was one that worked
       | quickly to prototype new ideas and took on some of the gruntwork
       | that not every engineer wanted to work on.
       | 
       | This is basically all I want from anyone I work with.
        
         | ozarker wrote:
         | I'm a young engineer and I'm always happy to take on the grunt
         | work to help the team as long as I get a little time to help on
         | big picture stuff as well. I'm worried that I might be looked
         | down on by more senior engineers who might think I'm just
         | trying to avoid the more brain challenging work
        
           | ptsneves wrote:
           | Very well. Grunt work is very appreciated and it not only
           | allows you to start working without pressure it endears you
           | to the other senior engineers as a can-do person. As they
           | will feel grateful and released from the grunt work they
           | might even start doing direct mentoring. They also will start
           | to get to know you, with all the benefits it brings. That has
           | been my experience in both professional as well as open
           | source development.
        
           | benreesman wrote:
           | A nothing is "someone else's problem" is hallmark of the true
           | pros. Intermediate folks might run into a broken build and be
           | stuck until the build team can unfsck it. The OGs just fix
           | it.
           | 
           | Keep up the work.
        
         | baxtr wrote:
         | My first manager told me: Grunt work is also work. Someone
         | needs to do it. He was spot on.
         | 
         | What I observe with many founders I interact with is that they
         | want to focus on the exciting stuff. Building the product etc.
         | Most of them don't want to be bothered with boring stuff like
         | financial planning, which sometimes breaks their necks.
        
       | iloverss wrote:
       | An ex-engineer recounts how they got a job at Apple in the 90's.
        
         | smilespray wrote:
         | There are no ex-engineers, only recovering ones.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | MontyCarloHall wrote:
       | >I should pause here and point out that an interview at Apple was
       | an all-day affair. Pairs of engineers would meet with and
       | interview me for perhaps an hour. The first pair of engineers
       | might grill me on some esoteric topic like code design,
       | afterwards the next pair of engineers would sit down and maybe
       | cover programming language specific questions.
       | 
       | This took place in 1995, and sounds pretty much exactly like a
       | technical interview panel today. Were people similarly
       | disgruntled about the process back then? The author certainly
       | doesn't come across that way.
        
         | notakio wrote:
         | I went through the Apple interview process in 2006, and would
         | say that my experience was definitely not predominantly a
         | "technical interview panel". It was an all-day event, to which
         | they had flown me in to do, and though I was asked technical
         | questions by some of the interviewers, many of them were more
         | interested in how I handled stress, or solved "political
         | issues". A couple of them were more interested in answering any
         | questions I had about what working in the group was like, in a
         | way trying to let me know what I was in for if I got the
         | position.
         | 
         | I got the position, and stayed there for 8 years. I remain
         | relatively close to about 30% of the people that interviewed me
         | to this day, and that concern for letting me know what I was
         | signing up for was genuine. The stress of the job was at times
         | pretty high, and keeping a cool head under circumstances where
         | everything was going wrong was absolutely critical. I saw a
         | number of people who came after me, leave before me for that
         | very reason.
         | 
         | Since then, I've walked out of interviews where I felt like
         | they were wasting my time. But I've also often had the luxury
         | of not really _needing_ the jobs I 've applied for, generally,
         | so other people's mileage may vary widely.
         | 
         | It's the employer's job to figure out whether you're a good fit
         | for the position, but it is the potential employee's job to
         | figure out whether you want the position in the first place.
         | Being able to get an accurate read on what you're thinking
         | about going into (and spending a sizable chunk of your daily
         | life doing) can save you a world of hurt.
        
         | rockyj wrote:
         | I would take a 1 day multiple round interview any day.
         | Nowadays, it is like -
         | 
         | - Recruiter reaches out on LinkedIn. You reply.
         | 
         | - Call with recruiter, repeat every thing in resume. Recruiter
         | says ok, sometimes they just say we were looking for X years in
         | Python to a JS programmer.
         | 
         | - First call with a manager (after 1 week) to check fit.
         | 
         | - Take home programming assignment (spend 4-6 hours on
         | weekend).
         | 
         | - If code review is ok, another call to discuss the solution or
         | improve it (1 hr, after 2 weeks).
         | 
         | - Last call with senior manager (1 hr, another week wait)
         | 
         | - HR offer
         | 
         | All in all, it takes around 6 weeks and multiple calls (not to
         | mention doing this for multiple offers). Worst case - you fail
         | at the last round, or code is rejected due to some crazy reason
         | and yes, even after all this you get a 10% raise :D
        
           | yodsanklai wrote:
           | My experience is:
           | 
           | - recruiter calls and brief about interview process
           | 
           | - take screening interview (algorithm)
           | 
           | - go on site for 5 more interviews (algorithms, system
           | design, behavior)
           | 
           | - failed, and study leetcode for 2 years
           | 
           | - reiterate
           | 
           | -> 100% raise, $10000 sign-on bonus
           | 
           | Overall, this is the best ROI of my whole life
        
             | rockyj wrote:
             | Maybe possible in the US. Have not experienced this in any
             | other place.
        
               | yodsanklai wrote:
               | I work in Europe. This is quite standard for big tech
               | companies. Of course, pay raise depends where you're
               | coming from.
        
         | lapcat wrote:
         | > The author certainly doesn't come across that way.
         | 
         | 1) The author got the job.
         | 
         | 2) The author has kept that job ever since, for over 25 years.
         | 
         | Perhaps that was the last job interview the author ever had, in
         | 1995? So there would be little reason for the author to come
         | across as disgruntled in 2022 about 1995. Though the author
         | does go on and on about the "Andy" interviewer...
         | 
         | There's a certain irony to this, because Apple itself was
         | flailing and failing in 1995, unable to produce its own new
         | operating system, and had to acquire NeXT and Steve Jobs to
         | come back and save the company from bankruptcy. So Apple's
         | hiring process was not necessarily producing results.
        
           | joezydeco wrote:
           | I think the "Andy" interviewer was key, and was a set up the
           | whole time to see how the candidate would really perform
           | under stress:
           | 
           | 1) Previous interviewers set up Andy as the toughest part of
           | the interview, preloading the stress.
           | 
           | 2) Andy comes last, when the candidate is tired
           | 
           | 3) Andy hits you with that wall of stress. Doesn't matter
           | what it is. The candidate gave Andy an easy task by admitting
           | he was weak on something right away.
           | 
           | The answer didn't matter as long as you didn't fold.
        
             | lapcat wrote:
             | Uh, that sounds sociopathic and sadistic. No thanks.
             | 
             | Seriously, I would run away as fast as possible from a
             | potential employer who plays abusive mind games with
             | potential employees.
        
               | joezydeco wrote:
               | This is Apple. I personally read it as "we're making sure
               | you can handle Steve Jobs if he walks into the room"
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | Except this was 1995, and Steve Jobs was not in any room
               | at Apple. In fact, Jobs left Apple in 1985.
        
         | duxup wrote:
         | Kinda depends on who it is and how it goes.
         | 
         | Provided I'm a significant way through the hiring process
         | spending a day in person with people who seem relevant to he
         | job would be fine provided I liked the company / had confidence
         | in the process / liked the job.
         | 
         | A family member recently applied for a job and got invites for
         | 12 hours of meetings over 2.5 weeks. No sense of where they
         | were in the hiring process. No significant questions had been
         | answered about the job. At least half the people in the invite
         | were not directly involved with the job / HR types ....
         | 
         | I think what people get upset about is how seemingly meandering
         | these interviews are now / interviewing with people who don't
         | know jack squat and so on.
        
         | mikelevins wrote:
         | I interviewed at Apple in 1987, and it was an all-day
         | interview, but it wasn't much like the technical interviews
         | I've done in more recent years--the ones characterized by brain
         | teasers and whiteboard coding. There was none of that in my
         | Apple interviews. They made me an offer and I worked there for
         | ten years.
         | 
         | Now, we can't conclude from that whether Apple has adopted
         | whiteboarding and brain teasers generally. In those days Apple
         | did interviews the way they did everything else: each group at
         | the company did things their own way. I don't know whether
         | that's true anymore; I left Apple in 1998. All I know is that I
         | interviewed with them again four or five years ago, and that
         | was a lot of interviews over a couple of days, but still no
         | whiteboarding or brain teasers.
         | 
         | The first time I encountered what is now referred to as the
         | technical interview was at Microsoft in about 1990 or 1991. I
         | bombed it. Turns out I'm worthless at whiteboarding and brain
         | teasers. They gave me an offer, anyway. Two, in fact. I turned
         | down both. Microsoft would have made me a lot of money, but I
         | didn't want to work for those guys.
         | 
         | That pattern repeated several times over the years: bomb
         | technical interview; get offer anyway. Finally I just stopped
         | doing it. I don't like it and I don't think it measures
         | anything relevant to my work. If it did, why would I get offers
         | after bombing those parts of interviews? Why would most of my
         | employers be people I've worked for before? Why would they ask
         | me to work for them again?
         | 
         | So, generally speaking, I just don't do those kinds of
         | interviews anymore. If you believe in them for hiring, knock
         | yourself out. We're not a match.
        
           | BeetleB wrote:
           | > In those days Apple did interviews the way they did
           | everything else: each group at the company did things their
           | own way. I don't know whether that's true anymore;
           | 
           | It's still true.
        
           | chrchang523 wrote:
           | It sounds like you're misevaluating your technical interview
           | performance. You can feel like you're "bombing" an interview,
           | while still performing above expectation. Some interviewers
           | ask hard technical questions, don't expect most candidates to
           | complete them within the allotted time, and give "hire"
           | recommendations for some (but of course not all) that don't.
        
             | antihero wrote:
             | I think a good interview puts you in a position where you
             | are struggling and out of your expertise - being able to
             | demonstrate you have a solution for a bunch of stuff is
             | less important than being able to demonstrate how you do
             | when you don't know and have to figure it out.
        
               | FabHK wrote:
               | As a rule, when interviewing, I want to get to the
               | boundary of a candidate's knowledge quickly. Questions
               | they ace provide not much information (once it is
               | established that they ace them), questions where they're
               | totally out of their depth neither.
               | 
               | A bit provides maximum information when the chances for
               | 0/1 are fifty/fifty.
               | 
               | So, agree with the sentiment
               | 
               | > a good interview puts you in a position where you are
               | struggling and out of your expertise
               | 
               | as long as you are still at the boundary of your
               | expertise, and have a realistic chance to make some
               | progress.
        
               | Ntrails wrote:
               | > Questions they ace provide not much information (once
               | it is established that they ace them), questions where
               | they're totally out of their depth neither.
               | 
               | Agreed. The aim, for me, is to watch someone (try to)
               | solve a problem and communicate about it. Ideally I'd
               | like the question to rely on some previously unknown
               | concept to see them pick up a new idea and run with it.
        
               | sylens wrote:
               | One of the best interview questions I ever had started
               | with the interviewer asking me a fairly routine technical
               | question, to which I gave a standard and acceptable
               | answer. He then said, "Okay but what if I took away your
               | ability to do X, Y, and Z - how would that change
               | things?" He did that a few more times in different
               | variations to really see how my answers would change
               | especially as the tools/processes I would be forced to
               | use started to stray from what I knew well.
        
               | mikelevins wrote:
               | In the general case, maybe you're right. In my specific
               | case, "struggling" and "out of your expertise" doesn't
               | describe it. It doesn't matter whether your question
               | deals with my expertise or not; if it's technical and it
               | requires me to actually think about it, I will be unable
               | to answer in an interview setting. My mind will be
               | completely blank.
               | 
               | Now, that's just me. Maybe I'm completely unique. Maybe
               | there aren't any other programmers like me, and maybe
               | nobody has to care about my individual quirks.
               | 
               | I don't have to care about them, either, because there
               | seem to be enough people in the world who want to hire
               | me. The only attention I need to pay to it is avoiding
               | technical interviews to the extent that I can.
        
             | mikelevins wrote:
             | I can see why it sounds that way. Let me supply some
             | context.
             | 
             | I cannot answer any question in conversation with a
             | stranger unless the answer is something I happen to know
             | off the top of my head, or the question is about what I can
             | see or feel or remember in the moment. It's related to a
             | general sort of cognitive disability I have that shows up
             | in several other ways.
             | 
             | For example, if I'm driving and you engage me in
             | conversation, we will get lost. Every time.
             | 
             | If I'm playing a multiplayer game with voice chat, and
             | people are talking to me, I will lose.
             | 
             | There are just certain cognitive activities that I cannot
             | combine successfully. The presence of a stranger in
             | conversation forcibly occupies all of my attention. I am
             | unable to think about anything other than interpreting the
             | stranger's utterances and preparing my own. If I try to,
             | for example, answer questions about FizzBuzz that require
             | me to actually think about how things work, my mind goes
             | completely blank.
             | 
             | "I'm trying to think, but nothing happens."
             | 
             | I presume that in each case where I received an offer, it
             | was because the team had information from other channels
             | that made me attractive. I know it for a fact in a couple
             | of cases.
             | 
             | So in recent years I've mostly relied on those other
             | channels, and just skipped the so-called technical
             | interview. All it's going to tell you about me is that I
             | can't do what you want me to in a technical interview.
        
               | muststopmyths wrote:
               | Interesting. I have this exact same problem. I gave up
               | applying for regular jobs eventually as it was so
               | demoralizing. Only work contracts through contacts now.
               | It pays the bills, so I can't really complain I suppose
        
               | mikelevins wrote:
               | It's nice to know that I'm not the only one.
        
               | hnlmorg wrote:
               | You're definitely not. I often hear people describe it as
               | multitasking. My wife excels at multitasking but I
               | perform better having my complete concentration on a
               | specific task (the one exception being listening to
               | music).
               | 
               | I can't even have the TV on for "background noise" like
               | some people like to because you can guarantee it will
               | completely take my focus away from whatever else I'm
               | trying to concentrate on.
        
               | mikelevins wrote:
               | Yeah, no tv and no music for me. Too distracting. I'm a
               | musician, too, which just makes it worse.
        
               | benreesman wrote:
               | This is the best argument I've heard against whiteboard /
               | leetcode interviews. A lot of people have trouble talking
               | and coding at the same time, it doesn't make them less
               | smart.
        
               | ActorNightly wrote:
               | In most interviews, if you say something like "Im just
               | going to code in silence and we can talk about this
               | later" is going to be well accepted.
        
               | mikelevins wrote:
               | How about, "I'm just going to take this question home to
               | my office and work on it while out of all contact on no
               | specific schedule so that I am not involuntarily
               | preoccupied by my perception of a stranger watching me?"
               | 
               | No? I thought not. That's why I simply avoid those kinds
               | of hiring processes.
        
               | corrral wrote:
               | I'm pretty sure choking is behind _most_ of the  "LOL I
               | caught a faker" stories from interviewers. I think it's
               | far more common than people who've somehow been employed
               | multiple places and can "talk the talk" but can't
               | actually handle a for-loop. Most of them are just
               | choking, under a very particular kind of pressure that's
               | pretty much only ever encountered in interviews[0] and
               | certain academic situations.
               | 
               | Like, there's the trope of the kid being called to the
               | blackboard and not being able to solve some trivial
               | problem even though they're not an idiot--and it's based
               | in reality. IDK why we assume that reaction must be rare
               | among adults.
               | 
               | [0] In _certain kinds_ of tech interviews, to be
               | specific. Somehow most of the rest of the white-collar
               | and professional world gets by just fine without these
               | kinds of hazing rituals.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | twodave wrote:
           | I can't speak for anybody who made you an offer, of course,
           | but often these kinds of problems are just another way to
           | witness first hand how the candidate goes about solving
           | problems. Failing to solve the problem given a short window
           | of time is indeed not relevant, but your problem solving
           | process is _extremely_ relevant. I've spent a lot of time
           | fixing crap because some engineer was engaging in "magical
           | thinking" that the cost of not doing such screening is clear.
           | Brain teasers can be hit or miss, so I don't particularly
           | like giving those to candidates (though as an interviewee I
           | loved them), but you can get a great idea of someone's
           | appetite for doing the mental work of problem solving through
           | a thoughtfully-designed code screening.
        
             | no_wizard wrote:
             | This is the claim, of course, that solving the problem is
             | not what matters.
             | 
             | However, in practice, it is what matters, There is a
             | "minimum" threshold (I can attest to this because I've been
             | on the other side having to conduct them) where you more or
             | less, must finish at least with some viable answer - even
             | if unrefined - or you won't be moving on, full stop
        
               | twodave wrote:
               | I mean, sure, if you boycott the question you probably
               | won't move on. But I'm not sure I want to work with
               | someone unwilling to be curious or participate in
               | problem-solving together. To me this filter is a positive
               | effect of the test. In the interviews I've given I'll
               | even handhold an applicant through to the optimal
               | solution if need be, because to be perfectly honest I'd
               | much rather have a coworker who is enthusiastic about
               | learning and shows the ability to collaborate than
               | someone who can write code but refuses to do so in a
               | social setting (i.e. an interview). I want someone that I
               | can have an intelligent conversation with because _I need
               | my ideas validated, too_.
        
               | corrral wrote:
               | > refuses to do so in a social setting (i.e. an
               | interview).
               | 
               | Interviews are _very_ different from working together
               | collaboratively. They 're very different from presenting
               | work to or working with a client or stakeholder, too, and
               | even very different from a sales presentation. The space
               | of things that might come up is effectively unbound, how
               | you're being judged is wildly uncertain, you _are_ being
               | judged, and you know almost nothing about the people you
               | 're "working with". As practiced in software, they're
               | closer to being called in to give a thesis defense
               | without knowing in advance which thesis you'll be
               | defending--and also everyone in the room is a stranger,
               | and also you have no clue which aspects of your
               | performance are being judged or by what criteria, and
               | even know _for a fact_ that some of the people conducting
               | these have completely opposite opinions about which
               | behaviors are desirable and which are  "red flags".
        
             | mikelevins wrote:
             | I covered this in another reply, but if you use this
             | process to see how I solve problems, you will conclude that
             | I don't. You will witness me doing nothing, because I can't
             | do anything in that circumstance.
        
               | twodave wrote:
               | Edit: nevermind, you already wrote about this elsewhere.
               | Leaving the below here for context.
               | 
               | I'm curious, is this more of a social block or is it
               | specifically the work medium (e.g. a whiteboard) that
               | gets you blocked? I personally would happily let you use
               | a laptop with whatever tooling you're most comfortable
               | with, for instance. IMO whiteboards are okay for
               | communicating high level architecture/ideas but abysmal
               | at writing complex solutions (and IMO whiteboards imply
               | you ought to have memorized the thing because of how
               | punishing it is to need to rearrange content).
        
         | twawaaay wrote:
         | No, people were not.
         | 
         | What changed is the demand grew enormously and in response, as
         | in every other business of life, a lot of people who only have
         | passing interest in it got into it because it pays well.
         | 
         | So now you have companies have to sort through huge pile of
         | mediocre candidates. This causes the process to be very noisy,
         | a lot of screwed incentives and a lot of false positives and
         | negatives.
         | 
         | Applicants are now hedging their bets and applying to multiple
         | places means that they are unwilling to spend entire day in
         | each one. And companies (those that do not understand how
         | important hiring is) also have incentives to spend less effort
         | on hiring.
         | 
         | And developers became much more cynical. Partly because of high
         | demand they are aware of. Partly because companies do not treat
         | them well (like not giving raises at a rate their potential
         | salary is appreciating as the market and their experience
         | changes). And partly because new generations are just much more
         | disillusioned.
         | 
         | I had a person recently refuse to come to 2h interview.
         | Apparently it was too much effort. Good riddance and thank you
         | for saving my time.
         | 
         | Good news is that good developers can still easily find a good
         | job wherever they want.
         | 
         | Bad news is that most people are not good developers and they
         | don't even know about it because really good developers are so
         | few and concentrated in relatively few places. In effect, most
         | developers will never have a chance to work with one.
        
           | hasmolo wrote:
           | i don't think you're wrong, i just think you may have lost
           | sight of some external factors. in 1995, the market was
           | naturally filled with folks interested in computers more
           | organically. now, software writing is the modern "factory
           | floor" worker bee position. interestingly, a huge part of the
           | field can't accept that we aren't especially unique or smart,
           | just able to tell a computer how to process inputs. we take
           | this need to feel as if we are a part of the intellectual
           | class, based on a rose colored glasses view of a time 20 to
           | 30 years ago when the only people that worked on software
           | were all staff+ enigneers. then we create this perverse
           | concept of a "real" engineer, and that engineer is just way
           | more willing to aquiesce to _any_ thing you do, and therefore
           | is a "team player".
           | 
           | telling someone to interview for two hours, having them
           | decide that of all the offers of interviews they had yours
           | was least interesting with the highest barrier to entry, and
           | you deciding they were at fault isn't going to help you deal
           | with the modern realities of software, and how far we've come
           | for our idealized version of where we came from
        
             | twawaaay wrote:
             | > telling someone to interview for two hours, having them
             | decide that of all the offers of interviews they had yours
             | was least interesting with the highest barrier to entry,
             | and you deciding they were at fault isn't going to help you
             | deal with the modern realities of software
             | 
             | But that is not my goal.
             | 
             | My goal is hire as good developers as I can retain.
             | 
             | I don't care about people bitching and moaning that the
             | process is too arduous. Actually, I am happy about it
             | because I can efficiently swipe left on them. If somebody
             | does not care enough to work for us to put in couple of
             | hours of work then they are very likely not a good
             | candidate anyway.
             | 
             | And if they have to apply to a huge number of companies to
             | get a job there is probably some problem with them. I
             | mean... a lot of companies are happy to put a warm body in
             | a chair. If you can't find a job as a developer in this
             | economy then you have to take a serious look at what you
             | are doing wrong.
        
               | grog454 wrote:
               | >If somebody does not care enough to work for us to put
               | in couple of hours of _work_ then they are very likely
               | not a good candidate anyway. [emphasis mine]
               | 
               | You compensate candidates for their time? I certainly
               | assume you are compensated to interview incoming
               | candidates, but its unusual for the candidate to be
               | compensated (though not unheard of).
               | 
               | I agree with a lot of what you're saying, but I also get
               | the impression having not been on the other side of the
               | process recently has biased your viewpoint significantly.
               | Please correct me if I'm wrong in my assumptions /
               | impressions.
        
               | twawaaay wrote:
               | Interviewing is a mutual process. The company invests
               | time and resources into finding employees and candidates
               | invest time and resources into finding a good place for
               | them to work.
               | 
               | I see no reason to compensate the candidate for the time
               | they spend on interviewing and when companies do this I
               | see it as a desperate marketing gimmick.
               | 
               | Now, I assume all is done honestly. I put up an honest
               | job offer, I explain the interviewing process upfront, I
               | try not to waste candidate's time and certainly I do not
               | ask people to do any take home exercises.
               | 
               | And since I started to do all interviewing remotely there
               | is even less cost to the candidate -- basically they only
               | need to spend couple of hours on interview alone and no
               | travel.
               | 
               | I also try to put largest filters at the beginning of the
               | process so that if you pass first interview it means you
               | are likely on a good path to get the job. This works both
               | ways, incidentally -- as I would prefer to spend more
               | time with candidates that are promising.
        
               | flutas wrote:
               | Do you interview one single person at a time for the job?
               | 
               | That's what has killed my desire for interviews with
               | certain companies at times when they bring up long
               | interviews as the next steps.
               | 
               | If I have a company say "the next round will be 3 hours
               | of interviews, we're going to wrap up this round on all
               | candidates then move on" I will 100% drop the interview
               | process and not move forward.
               | 
               | On the other hand, if a company tells me "the next round
               | will be 3 hours of interviews, you're currently the only
               | candidate we are interviewing for this role" or "we're
               | interviewing multiple people but have multiple roles
               | open" I will gladly continue the process. (This is a
               | question I always ask in interviews.)
               | 
               | It essentially comes down to "why waste my time
               | continuing with a company when the end result could be
               | 'oh we found someone that we feel is slightly better than
               | you, but you're our backup'".
               | 
               | Have I given up on some jobs that would be cool? Yep, but
               | I'm not going to waste my time with a company if they use
               | a shotgun interview approach that will take my time and
               | essentially turn it into a lottery system for them to
               | pick from.
        
               | jseban wrote:
               | Your goal is to enable your business to make more money,
               | that requires hiring enough competent people that can do
               | the work that needs to be done, to make that money.
               | 
               | Sometimes that work is really not especially interesting,
               | or challenging. Nobody is going to love it, or be
               | passionate about it, and it really doesn't require a
               | person to be more than average in terms of skill, because
               | it's just not that technically difficult.
               | 
               | And that sometimes is the majority of _all_ salaried
               | work, so statistically speaking, that 's probably also
               | you and your company.
               | 
               | Why pretend to be a unicorn and only insist on hiring
               | passionate self motivated people who will be a bad fit
               | anyway, and be bored after two weeks.
               | 
               | The hiring process is not for stroking the egos of middle
               | managers who want to feel special.
        
               | twawaaay wrote:
               | I am not pretending to be unicorn by keeping high hiring
               | standards.
               | 
               | It is a reflection on our strategy. Our strategy is that,
               | long term, is better to have smaller, tight knit
               | community of highly intelligent, capable and motivated
               | people than try to throw masses of lower paid employees
               | at the problem.
               | 
               | We are fighting complexity and having large team of
               | constantly rotating people that never seem to bear
               | responsibility for their decisions is one of the worst
               | things you can do.
               | 
               | I prefer to spend more time on hiring, find people I am
               | satisfied with and then pay them well so that they are
               | not looking to change their job in two years as most IT
               | seems to be doing nowadays. Retention is a hugely
               | underestimated success factor.
        
               | jseban wrote:
               | Highly intelligent, (technically) capable and motivated
               | people are probably not in any way correlated with the
               | amount of complexity you are needing to fight with. And
               | if it is, it's most likely negative.
               | 
               | Lack of intelligence is probably not your problem, the
               | computer genius who swoops in and saves the day only
               | exists in movies. You are probably in a much bigger need
               | of accountable management who actually structures the
               | work and aligns the team by making decisions.
               | 
               | There are plenty of reliable, mature, productive people
               | with great team work and communication skills, who will
               | get rejected because they say that they are actually
               | passionate about playing guitar, not programming, and
               | because they can't solve esoteric programming problems on
               | whiteboards.
               | 
               | Your hiring process is not optimised to further business
               | goals, it's optimised for acting out the big bang theory
               | in the workplace.
        
               | twawaaay wrote:
               | > You are probably in a much bigger need of accountable
               | management
               | 
               | > Your hiring process is not optimised to further
               | business goals,
               | 
               | That's a lot of things you were able to figure out based
               | on my comments.
        
               | jseban wrote:
               | Yeah, I'm speaking in general terms of the software
               | industry, and common hiring processes, which according to
               | your comments you seem to fit into pretty well.
               | 
               | I don't mean to criticise you but rather suggest that the
               | hiring process should focus less on intelligence and
               | coding skills, and try to hire people that have
               | intellect. That can pair judgement with intelligence.
               | That can relate decisions to goals beyond their own
               | personal preferences.
               | 
               | I have too many bad experiences with highly intelligent,
               | but myopic and immature software developers who are left
               | to "self organise" and just end up being lose cannons of
               | raw intelligence, that does much more harm than good.
               | 
               | Software development, is more an organisational problem
               | than a technical one.
               | 
               | The organisation itself is already so vastly complex that
               | no human being can comprehend it, and that's why you have
               | a hierarchy of information and specialisation of roles.
               | Even if your system by some miracle has zero accidental
               | complexity, it's still going to overwhelm even the most
               | intelligent person, just by the amount of essential
               | complexity. So you will need an organisation of hierarchy
               | and/or specialisation to manage this. And the biggest
               | determining factor for how successful you are, is this
               | organisation and how it works as a whole, rather than any
               | individuals superior capacity.
               | 
               | I just think it's a really bad idea to try to hire "extra
               | smart" people to try to solve these issues, because it
               | won't work.
        
               | twawaaay wrote:
               | I think you have some good understanding of parts of the
               | problem but the ease with which you generalise is
               | dangerous.
               | 
               | Getting from "I have too many bad experiences with highly
               | intelligent, but myopic and immature software developers"
               | to "I just think it's a really bad idea to try to hire
               | 'extra smart' people (..) because it won't work" is
               | pretty poor logic.
               | 
               | I think much better and productive statement would be
               | "Hiring intelligent people is not enough to solve the
               | problem."
               | 
               | It is much more productive because from there you can go
               | to actually discussing what else is needed to make good
               | use of highly intelligent people.
        
               | jseban wrote:
               | What I'm trying to say is: it's a bad idea to hire extra
               | smart individual contributors as a solution to managing
               | complexity, because nobody is smart enough. The cult of
               | genius makes the workplace dysfunctional and inefficient.
               | 
               | That extra intelligence is mostly irrelevant, and
               | sometimes negative.
               | 
               | Managing complexity is done with hierarchy,
               | specialisation and careful organisation of work from
               | accountable managers. You want this organisation to work
               | well, and then you want to hire people who can do an
               | acceptable job and function well within that
               | organisation. And if you are still finding yourself in a
               | chaos of unmanageable complexity, the organisation of the
               | team is to blame.
               | 
               | The hierarchy, specialisation and organisation of the
               | work is not done well enough, and must be fixed. You
               | don't need more horsepower when the steering of your car
               | has broken, that's just going to get you in the ditch
               | faster.
        
               | sarchertech wrote:
               | > I don't care about people bitching and moaning that the
               | process is too arduous. Actually, I am happy about it
               | because I can efficiently swipe left on them.
               | 
               | And that's how you know there isn't really a shortage of
               | developers.
               | 
               | My wife works in a field with a real shortage. When she
               | gets interviewed, they fly her out and spend 2 days
               | showing her around, taking her out, and trying to
               | convince her to work for them.
        
               | twawaaay wrote:
               | There is a shortage of actual developers. But there is no
               | shortage of people who don't care about what they are
               | doing or whether they can do it at all.
               | 
               | When you are looking through piles of thousands of
               | people, you are looking for ways to pare it down so that
               | you are left at every step with higher concentration of
               | the first group. Because spending same amount of effort
               | on everybody is not a viable strategy.
        
               | sarchertech wrote:
               | > There is a shortage of actual developers. But there is
               | no shortage of people who don't care about what they are
               | doing or whether they can do it at all.
               | 
               | In nearly 20 years of doing this I've have never had one
               | of these dreaded fake developers make it through the
               | resume screen, initial phone call, and a conversation
               | with an engineer.
               | 
               | And if I did, we'd just fire them as soon as it was clear
               | they lied about their ability.
               | 
               | I have had plenty of the other extreme, very technically
               | proficient developers who turned out to be terrible
               | employees for other reasons.
               | 
               | My initial point is that if you can afford to make your
               | screening process arduous enough that you're turning away
               | otherwise qualified people because they don't want to
               | work for you bad enough to jump through your hoops, then
               | there's not a shortage.
               | 
               | If there was really a shortage, you'd do what every other
               | industry does. Hire based on resume, and fire the fakers.
        
               | jacobyoder wrote:
               | > In nearly 20 years of doing this I've have never had
               | one of these dreaded fake developers make it through the
               | resume screen, initial phone call, and a conversation
               | with an engineer....And if I did, we'd just fire them as
               | soon as it was clear they lied about their ability.
               | 
               | I've spent most of the last 25 years working
               | independently. A large number of the 'fakers' (or just...
               | currently-low-skilled) don't apply to large companies
               | with screening processes. They build custom one-off
               | software/websites/etc for small businesses. Those small
               | business people have no ability to judge skills or
               | quality. Some of the tech folks doing that may, at some
               | point, try to apply 'up' in to larger companies, moving
               | away from independent/freelance, and some of those may
               | get weeded out.
        
               | dhsysusbsjsi wrote:
               | Does your wife belong to some kind of professional guild?
               | 
               | You'll find most other high qualification professions
               | require a body to certify them, conduct examinations,
               | disqualify them for poor outcomes, organise ongoing
               | training and so on. And most importantly (for guild
               | members), limit numbers and ensure the government makes
               | it illegal to conduct activities unless you are a guild
               | member.
               | 
               | Developing has none of this - it's the unwashed masses.
               | You get the full bell curve from useless CS graduate to
               | genius high school dropout all applying for the same job,
               | and everything in-between.
        
               | jsjohnst wrote:
               | > When she gets interviewed, they fly her out and spend 2
               | days showing her around, taking her out, and trying to
               | convince her to work for them.
               | 
               | This exact scenario has happened around a half dozen
               | times for me as a software engineer over the past twenty
               | years. Basically any time I'm considering a company based
               | in another US state, they fly me out for interviews, at
               | least take me to dinner (if not some larger group
               | outing), and then have someone show me around the city
               | the next day trying to convince me to move there.
        
               | sgerenser wrote:
               | I've flown out or drove long distance for many software
               | developer interviews and I've never had anyone "show me
               | around" the city. Although they're usually fine providing
               | an extra hotel night so I have time to do so myself.
               | Sadly it feels like post pandemic the on-site interview
               | (at least for software engineers) may be a thing of the
               | past.
        
             | sarchertech wrote:
             | The rest of the professional class certainly doesn't
             | interview the way we do. Neither do people in the trades.
             | 
             | People in performance careers like orchestra musicians and
             | actors are the only other professions that really come
             | close for all but new grads.
        
               | corrral wrote:
               | But programming is _special_! The same approaches to
               | hiring used for accountants or electricians couldn 't
               | _possibly_ work! Don 't you know programming is like
               | painting? That's why we make people regurgitate
               | algorithms they memorized in a high-pressure situation,
               | while pretending they didn't memorize them. It's just
               | like painting. _eyeroll_
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | ricksunny wrote:
           | Not an SWE here - I wonder if the process itself is seen as
           | value-creating by either side, even if a job offer isn't
           | placed? For example, discussing code design may keep the
           | hiring party at the cutting edge / state of the art without
           | having to undertake refresher training cost. The candidate
           | also gets to understand where they stack in terms of hiring
           | companies' expectations, and may opt to retrain as necessary.
           | 
           | (I'm reminded of the stories when FB was looking to make a
           | smartphone pre-Oculus - it sounded like they were
           | interviewing candidates but effectively getting design
           | strategy consults out of them gratis, but that's probably
           | more extreme than this).
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | 2143 wrote:
           | > Bad news is that most people are not good developers and
           | they don't even know about it
           | 
           | How do I know if I'm good? Like, before applying, so that I
           | don't have to waste anybody's time.
        
             | pfarrell wrote:
             | Keep a personal resume doc going. List out the projects
             | you've done, how you contributed, who benefitted, and
             | quantify the benefit if you can.
             | 
             | Keeping a running list like this is how you can build
             | confidence and see a bigger picture to your career. I did
             | this recently at my current job as I was approaching
             | burnout. It helped me reset that tailspin.
        
             | vsareto wrote:
             | There's no good test. Otherwise, that would be the
             | interview process.
             | 
             | Usually, it is just others' opinions of you. You might try
             | a bunch of different jobs, be bad at them, but eventually
             | find a great fit where everyone respects your work. Those
             | prior opinions don't really matter now, do they?
             | 
             | One of the other key problems why it's difficult to answer
             | is that the standards of development change very rapidly.
             | You'd likely find the same questions in the spirit of "what
             | makes a good punch card developer?" when those systems were
             | around. There were probably a lot of interviewers with a
             | lot of heuristics to hire the best, but those specifics
             | don't matter any more either.
             | 
             | And sometimes, it comes down to simply marketing yourself
             | well or having good salesmanship or playing office
             | politics.
        
             | twawaaay wrote:
             | It is an excellent question. Having an answer to it would
             | be very valuable and I spent a lot of time thinking about
             | it but found no conclusive answer. Sadly.
             | 
             | First of all, I do not condemn people trying to do their
             | best to legally provide for themselves even if it means
             | trying to get the job that they are not qualified for (as
             | long as it is legal). Just look at our politicians. I might
             | take an issue if you are straight lying about facts and
             | your abilities.
             | 
             | But at the same time I think I am fully justified to
             | politely refuse to be the sucker that hires them.
             | 
             | One reason you may want to know if you are qualified for
             | the job is if you want to stay there for longer. Sometimes
             | for some people stability over long term pays more than
             | constantly getting jobs that are just above your level.
        
             | tambourine_man wrote:
             | If you're asking that question, you're way above average
             | already.
        
           | jseban wrote:
           | > Bad news is that most people are not good developers and
           | they don't even know about it because really good developers
           | are so few and concentrated in relatively few places. In
           | effect, most developers will never have a chance to work with
           | one.
           | 
           | Yeah and having an outstanding skill or performance is not
           | important in an average company/organisation, and will most
           | likely give you only trouble. Larger organisations are risk
           | averse, optimised for stability and longevity. Not short term
           | performance. It's not a sports team.
        
         | zerr wrote:
         | The content is the key difference - doesn't require months of
         | leetcode grinding.
        
         | deepGem wrote:
         | My first interview out of college in 1999-2000 was something
         | like this. A full day interview about designing the components
         | of a TCP-IP stack interspersed with some personality/behaviour
         | interviews. End of the day, you either knew you had an offer or
         | you didn't. I had an offer. I would kill for such an interview
         | experience now.
         | 
         | The last interview I attended stretched across a month or may
         | be more. Glad I got the job but boy what a nightmare.
         | 
         | If someone told me today that I would finish all rounds of
         | interviews in one day and this became a standard, even figuring
         | out for hedging I would take a week off, schedule 5 interviews
         | and be done.
         | 
         | Even fundraising for a startup doesn't take 2 months these
         | days, whereas an interview will. That should tell you how
         | broken the process is.
        
       | de6u99er wrote:
       | Thank you so much for sharing.
        
       | kblev wrote:
       | Funny how I'm reading this on an app called Glider
        
       | mpetrovich wrote:
       | Anyone else remember playing Glider? As a young kid, I gladly
       | lost countless hours trying to navigate a paper airplane through
       | a Rube Goldberg mess of obstacles. What a fun, imaginative game.
       | 
       | Would be cool if there was an emulated version somewhere. Or we
       | could borrow the author's book and transcribe it to a modern
       | language, ha.
        
         | fizfaz wrote:
         | you can play several versions at archive.org:
         | https://archive.org/details/software?query=glider&and[]=subj...
        
         | Apocryphon wrote:
         | I think I played Glider on an educational CD-ROM perhaps, even
         | one about air and science? Or maybe it was just a shareware
         | disc.
        
         | mproud wrote:
         | Hell yes! It showed up on at least a few Shareware diskette
         | bundles back in the day.
        
         | tappdarden wrote:
         | You are in luck. author open-sourced it.
         | 
         | https://github.com/softdorothy/GliderPRO
         | 
         | also glider 4.0 is there also. Along with some of his other
         | games.
        
       | magic_hamster wrote:
       | This was a great read. Some commenters discussed the nature of
       | the interview, and compared it to today. But personally I get
       | this feeling that this was still in a time when software was
       | developed mostly in bubbles. Knowing how to code was far less
       | obvious back then than it is today, and knowing the right stack
       | meant you could get hired on the spot. Also, I don't know of it's
       | nostalgia, the way it's written or something else, but it feels
       | like a lot of engineering stories from that period have a certain
       | sense of pioneering or discovery, while it's definitely far
       | reduced today.
        
         | asah wrote:
         | can confirm all this, and more.
         | 
         | It wasn't until the late 2000s when programming became easy
         | enough for the mainstream and you started to see "coding
         | camps," upwork and the like.
         | 
         | In the mid-90s, you had crazy demand for development but needed
         | to be a brain surgeon to get hello world to work, let alone a
         | website to be remotely reliable.
         | 
         | There was no automated testing, let alone CI.
         | 
         | Source control was sometimes used, sometimes not. There were
         | LANs but there was no "web" let alone SaaS apps - there were
         | maybe 1,000 websites and Yahoo! listed them all in a list. It
         | was like Product Hunt, but even smaller.
         | 
         | You almost have to wonder how anyone learned to code? and you'd
         | be right for asking: it mostly happened in top-20 colleges and
         | a handful of companies. I remember showing PhDs about PKZIP and
         | having them not believe it was possible to compress data
         | without losing information - I had to literally show them the
         | (rough) algorithm.
         | 
         | Truly, it was a time of magick.
         | 
         | (I don't miss it: the pay sucked, people treated "programmers"
         | like crap, it was often impossible to reproduce issues, and of
         | course you could only work in an office with dedicated
         | hardware. Compared with today, it felt like the stone age of
         | software development.)
        
           | simonh wrote:
           | I did a CS degree in the UK in the late 80s. The introductory
           | language was Pascal running on a Prime Mini Computer. ANSI C
           | had just come out, but none of us had computers. You had to
           | book time in a lab. The Aztec C compiler we used was on a
           | floppy disc and horrendously buggy. All the coding we did was
           | minimal exercises.
           | 
           | I didn't even hear of object oriented programming until the
           | 90s, and actually learned how to write useful programmes in
           | Perl and C on the Sun machines at my first job. I learned
           | Unix from scratch from the man pages. It was a different era.
        
           | dopeboy wrote:
           | If the demand was high, why was the pay so low?
        
             | jonny_eh wrote:
             | The work wasn't critical... yet. It was mostly exploratory,
             | a way to soak up an R&D budget, or get R&D tax credits.
             | 
             | It was harder to find the opportunities and therefore
             | leverage multiple job offers.
        
               | corrral wrote:
               | Jobs were a lot more local, too. People didn't move
               | around as much. In general, not just in software. You
               | also couldn't just spend a couple minutes and get a
               | ballpark for what employers were paying in another city,
               | let alone get a decent sense of what a _bunch_ of markets
               | looked like--it 'd take some real effort. Reduced
               | mobility and information being much harder to come by
               | kept salaries lower, I expect.
        
           | thaumasiotes wrote:
           | > I remember showing PhDs about PKZIP and having them not
           | believe it was possible to compress data without losing
           | information - I had to literally show them the (rough)
           | algorithm.
           | 
           | They were right; that is a well-known and trivial-to-prove
           | theorem about lossless compression.
           | 
           | Lossless compression works because you only apply it to very
           | particular types of data. It doesn't and cannot work on
           | general data; that's why we have specialized compression
           | algorithms for every different kind of data.
        
             | mistrial9 wrote:
             | I took graduate compression in the mid-90s.. JPEG was
             | already invented and we studied that.. there was some
             | handwaving but it was not as primitive as some comments
             | make it out to be today
        
         | rockostrich wrote:
         | There's a recent novel by Tamara Shopsin called "LaserWriter
         | II" [1] that gives off that "sense of pioneering or discovery"
         | feel for all ~200 of its pages. I highly recommend it if you're
         | looking for a quickish read.
         | 
         | [1] https://us.macmillan.com/books/9780374602581/laserwriterii
        
         | pierrefermat1 wrote:
         | I think this is just an artifact of the pioneers/total body of
         | engineers: having the numerator stay relatively unchanged but
         | with the denominator exploding.
        
       | honkler wrote:
       | I read it as - Engineer Sneed Art dot com
       | 
       | I'm too far down the rabbithole
        
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