[HN Gopher] Arguing from compassion (2021)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Arguing from compassion (2021)
        
       Author : rendall
       Score  : 159 points
       Date   : 2022-07-25 10:41 UTC (12 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (centerforinquiry.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (centerforinquiry.org)
        
       | dloss wrote:
       | Related: Titanium man: "Taking the core of one's argument and
       | rearticulating it at a higher level of nuance, sophistication,
       | abstraction, and complexity. The argument is buttressed with more
       | perspectives, contexts, and variables"
       | https://greenteaji108.medium.com/from-the-steelman-to-the-ti...
        
       | teddyh wrote:
       | Of course one should be compassionate and understanding of
       | others, except towards those who are violent, or advocates for
       | violence, or hate, or those who expressly support those who do,
       | or indirectly, or by inaction allow them to exist.
       | 
       | ...say the people advocating for ostracism and demonization of
       | their opponents. I agree with this article; there is entirely too
       | much of that kind of behavior going on, and not enough of its
       | opposite.
        
         | chasd00 wrote:
         | > or by inaction allow them to exist.
         | 
         | So basically anyone who is not as passionate about some random
         | issue as you are. This is a problem, you can't even ask to talk
         | about something else without becoming the enemy.
        
           | rendall wrote:
           | I think it's meant sarcastically.
        
             | throwaway894345 wrote:
             | The give away is the second paragraph.
        
       | aspaviento wrote:
       | Is it really necessary all this verbosity to convey ideas? I feel
       | like all this sugarcoat is just to excesively protect people's
       | feelings, a tendency that is spreading everywhere lately.
        
         | k__ wrote:
         | It makes sense to me.
         | 
         | Often, I see people arguing straw or steel with either their
         | limited view of the oponents position or with the basic
         | asumption that their oponent is an idiot or malicious.
        
           | spacemanmatt wrote:
           | A phrase I have to issue here on occasion is, "they didn't
           | misunderstand you, they just disagree."
        
             | k__ wrote:
             | One does not exclude the other.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | spacemanmatt wrote:
               | how much value can you place on a disagreement based on a
               | misunderstanding, though? i don't think that's the
               | relevant case.
        
               | erezyehuda wrote:
               | I think a big part of this topic discussion is that
               | there's a LOT of value in those- that many disagreements
               | are simply down to having a different understanding about
               | context and facts, and that giving the other person the
               | benefit of the doubt can help people navigate those. It
               | actually seems like one of the most relevant cases to me.
        
         | rendall wrote:
         | Sometimes, when discussing controversial or polarizing ideas,
         | you do need extra signaling to convey that you're taking them
         | seriously. It would be nice to live in a world wherein this
         | could be taken for granted, and someday perhaps we will. Alas,
         | not in these times.
        
         | oldcigarette wrote:
         | Economics, sociology and psychology all tend to say very little
         | with very many words to the extent that the message gets lost
         | and people don't even know what they are discussing.
         | 
         | You see it to a lesser extent in software and math too though -
         | just look at any mathematical article on wikipedia. The
         | "dynamic programming" article is a good one for this.
         | 
         | I'm not sure this is a new problem.
        
           | ChadNauseam wrote:
           | I don't know much about sociology and psychology, but I can
           | say that I'm surprised by this characterization of economics.
           | I'm sure you know what you're talking about, but it's my
           | impression that economics is a subject with a lot of depth,
           | and also tries to communicate its ideas to laypeople with
           | concise approximations like "P=MC"
        
           | ramraj07 wrote:
           | I agree your premise in a limited context: non fiction books.
           | 
           | Non fiction books often pad out very little info into an
           | entire tome simply because that's one of the few ways you can
           | make money from your idea.
           | 
           | But this doesn't apply just to economics. The most egregious
           | of this are books about programming languages and
           | architecture if you ask me.
           | 
           | In philosophy and elsewhere, a good author might write a lot
           | but still be concise. That's just because they have a lot to
           | say. Or they need more examples.
           | 
           | This article wasn't even that verbose. I don't see how what
           | he said related to star man though, but that's a different
           | topic.
        
         | scratcheee wrote:
         | To just convey ideas? Of course it's not necessary. To convince
         | someone to change their world view? This is nowhere near
         | _enough_, just a small start.
         | 
         | They were not talking about couching every fact or snippet
         | taught in physics class getting couched in all this extra
         | "sugarcoating". They were talking about the kind of
         | conversations that almost never go well at all - they're trying
         | to improve the odds of an interaction convincing someone to
         | change their polarized viewpoint from 0.01% to 0.03%.
         | 
         | For that use-case, obviously there's value in exploring
         | different techniques, given the typical technique (scream at
         | them and then block them) doesn't work well at all at actually
         | changing their mind.
        
           | aspaviento wrote:
           | No matter how soft and gentle your touch is, when you are
           | trying to change someone else's values, if they are not up to
           | accept other point of views, it will go bad. All this
           | sugarcoat could be interpreted as you trying to patronize
           | them, seeing them as intelectually inferior or who knows what
           | other negative connotation they can infer.
        
         | vintermann wrote:
         | Verbosity?
         | 
         | By the lingo, I assume the author is at least tangentially
         | associated with the online rationalism thing, Slate Star Codex
         | and Yudkowsky and effective altruism and all that.
         | 
         | By their standards, this is a damn haiku.
        
         | ParetoOptimal wrote:
         | > feel like all this sugarcoat is just to excesively protect
         | people's feelings, a tendency that is spreading everywhere
         | lately.
         | 
         | The most rational thing someone can do is accept the reality
         | that acknowledging feelings and emotion are a pre-requisite to
         | problem solving.
        
       | RcouF1uZ4gsC wrote:
       | > Anyone who has spent time arguing on social media has heard of
       | the straw man fallacy.
       | 
       | I think the main issue is the folly of arguing on social media.
       | It is a setup for dehumanizing and vilifying the other.
       | 
       | I think most arguments on social media are about snark and
       | signaling to your own tribe how smart you are more than actually
       | trying to understand the truth or convince people holding a
       | different view.
       | 
       | Conversations among friends over a beer are much more likely to
       | enlightening and possibly persuasive.
        
         | teddyh wrote:
         | The lines between real life and social media are blurring. You
         | hear more and more commonly about people cutting all ties with
         | old friends or even family members about relatively simple
         | things. It's a more accepted thing to do now - complete
         | ostracism of those who we disagree with - instead of trying to
         | find common ground.
        
           | Kye wrote:
           | It often turns out the person who got cut off was a giant
           | asshole who 100% deserved it. You might not have sufficient
           | visibility into the experience of the person who cut someone
           | off to judge their actions fairly.
           | 
           | You see this a lot in people whose kids have cut off contact.
           | From their perspective, the cutting off was sudden and
           | shocking. From their kid's perspective, it was the last-ditch
           | effort to reclaim autonomy and preserve sanity after a
           | lifetime of abuse and endless attempts to set boundaries and
           | seek change. An outside observer is missing key details.
        
             | teddyh wrote:
             | I believe that the percieved threshold of "giant asshole
             | who 100% deserved it" is lowering.
        
               | Kye wrote:
               | Whether the social stability that came with people
               | putting up with or excusing more abuse and general
               | toxicity was worth more than the dynamism that comes from
               | more people feeling free to build supportive circles is
               | something society is likely to wrestle with over the
               | coming decades.
               | 
               | Anecdotally, _every_ person I know who 's cut off people
               | who were harmful to them has found more fulfillment even
               | if things are harder for them. Like chosen family, chosen
               | struggle seems to be easier to live with than a struggle
               | that thrives on disempowerment.
               | 
               | The threshold was high because people didn't believe they
               | had a choice before.
        
               | teddyh wrote:
               | Of course, you could be right. However, an alternative
               | explanation is:
               | 
               | 1. The threshold of what constitutes "abuse and general
               | toxicity" has lowered significantly, giving people social
               | tacit permission to ostracize others for lesser and
               | lesser perceived offenses.
               | 
               | 2. People always think that discarding something is good,
               | and that they are better off without it, _immediately
               | after having discarded it_. People naturally _want_ to be
               | able to blame all their problems on a single source, and
               | after they have gotten rid of it, they quite obviously
               | believe their lives to be better in every way. Of course,
               | the worse the thing they discarded was, the more correct
               | they are in their belief, but if they are _entirely_
               | correct can not be known until much later.
        
               | Kye wrote:
               | 1 is fine if the threshold was too high. People are
               | ultimately free to associate with whoever consents to
               | that association without justifying it to outside
               | observers, or to the confused newly disassociated.
               | 
               | 2 might be the case, but people can certainly have a
               | sense that something is wrong. It could turn out they
               | made the wrong call in trying to resolve that feeling,
               | but my ancedata tells me this is vanishingly rare.
               | 
               | I get the feeling my anecdata samples a larger portion of
               | the people who pruned their connections to make room for
               | growth, while your anecdata samples a larger portion of
               | people who were cut off. I've already heard quite a bit
               | from the latter and don't find their defenses compelling,
               | so I'm still not convinced this is a serious problem.
        
               | teddyh wrote:
               | > _People are ultimately free to associate with whoever
               | consents to that association without justifying it to
               | outside observers, or to the confused newly
               | disassociated._
               | 
               | Nobody contests that. But freedom was never the issue.
               | The issue was a possible problem with people more and
               | more readily abandoning dialogue for ostracism (with
               | accompanying demonization, etc. as justification) as a
               | normal thing to do on disagreement.
               | 
               | > _I get the feeling my anecdata samples a larger portion
               | of the people who pruned their connections to make room
               | for growth, while your anecdata samples a larger portion
               | of people who were cut off._
               | 
               | Both our sample sizes are very small, so we probably
               | can't draw any definitive conclusions either way. I was
               | highlighting that ostracism seemed to me to become more
               | common, and if this is true, it would point to either a
               | rise in the existence of terrible irredeemable people, or
               | a socially lowered threshold for abandoning conversation
               | for demonization. _Per the reasons described in the
               | article_ , I tend to believe in the latter, not the
               | former.
        
               | Kye wrote:
               | >> _" Both our sample sizes are very small, so we
               | probably can't draw any definitive conclusions either
               | way. I was highlighting that ostracism seemed to me to
               | become more common, and if this is true, it would point
               | to either a rise in the existence of terrible
               | irredeemable people, or a socially lowered threshold for
               | abandoning conversation for demonization."_
               | 
               | Third option: those people were always there, but more
               | people are realizing they can set and enforce boundaries.
               | You no longer have to just ignore the relative who
               | sexually harasses children, or the relative who's sliding
               | deeper into conspiracy theories and fringe rhetoric that
               | leads to material harm to them and people they care
               | about.
               | 
               | Ignoring a problem doesn't make it go away. If you can't
               | convince people around you to support _doing something_ ,
               | parting ways is increasingly a socially acceptable
               | option. Most people can't summon up a #MeToo to deal with
               | their problems, and negative peace[0] has been the order
               | of business for so long most people don't even realize
               | it, so cutting people off is often the only option other
               | than status quo.
               | 
               | It seems like your concern is that this movement is
               | lopsided in favor of people giving up on solving these
               | problems rather than sticking with someone who is
               | reachable. That hasn't been my observation, and like I
               | said upthread, I haven't found the evidence in favor of
               | this view persuasive. Most excommunications I witness (or
               | have participated in) followed a long, sometimes
               | lifetime, campaign of patience and persistence. Often a
               | mental health crisis brought on by not forcing the
               | boundaries precedes the no contact situation.
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_and_conflict_stud
               | ies#Con...
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Perhaps dependencies are being reduced. "Cutting off" is
               | harder when you depend, or might need to depend on
               | someone, assuming they have something of use for you.
        
               | teddyh wrote:
               | But did something happen to make people vastly less
               | dependent in, say, the last five years?
        
         | rendall wrote:
         | > _the main issue is the folly of arguing on social media_
         | 
         | This approach could be used in meatspace, too. And, like it or
         | not, our lives are increasingly being spent online.
        
         | jimkleiber wrote:
         | I think an underlying mega conflict in online communication is
         | sharing more than we want to share, or at least it has been one
         | plaguing me over the years.
         | 
         | I don't think social media communication has to be
         | dehumanizing, I think it comes into how much do I share about
         | how I'm actually feeling and my actual identity on the internet
         | where hundreds if not thousands or millions of people might see
         | it? And yet it can be soooo easy to share on the internet, from
         | our phone or computer, just talking/typing into the screen, at
         | almost any time and any place?
         | 
         | So then I do think it can come into "how do I pretend to be
         | cool and superhuman...so that people don't know too much about
         | me?"
         | 
         | In a conversation with a friend over a beer, one might open up
         | about why they hate inflation because they think they might
         | lose their job and they're afraid if they lose their job, their
         | wive and kids might leave them. I bet that's the real
         | underlying reason for that person, yet on the internet, that
         | same person might say that evil bankers are trying to destroy
         | us with inflation because who admits to being afraid they're
         | going to lose their life on the internet, with their name
         | attached?
        
         | heresie-dabord wrote:
         | > most arguments on social media are...
         | 
         | ... detached from any real trust system.
         | 
         | "Social media" is not _social_. As a business, it is the
         | monetisation of strife.
         | 
         | As an exchange of ideas, social media is (as you say) mostly
         | people flinging words at one another.
         | 
         | To be "social", participants in _social media_ would need to
         | manifest commitment to real solutions and people would be
         | accountable for their words and deeds. This is how human
         | society works. There are social consequences in _real_ social
         | exchange. It is a trust system.
         | 
         | I propose that the reason why we hear of people's long-time
         | friendships and family ties collapsing is because those social
         | ties have simply become weak. The pretext for the rupture
         | doesn't much matter.
         | 
         | > To star-man is to not only engage with the most charitable
         | version of your opponent's argument, but also with the most
         | charitable version of your opponent, by acknowledging their
         | good intentions and your shared desires despite your
         | disagreements.
         | 
         | This is an excellent approach. But it depends on the trust
         | system of real society.
        
           | NoGravitas wrote:
           | It's also the case that that social trust and those social
           | ties have been weakened, intentionally over the last four or
           | five decades, to produce a "post-political" system of
           | governance.
           | 
           | Margaret Thatcher famously said, "There's no such thing as
           | society. There are individual men and women, and there are
           | families." It wasn't true when she said it, but thanks to her
           | and the other architects of neoliberalism, it is true now.
        
             | heresie-dabord wrote:
             | "There is no such thing as society. There are the
             | plutocrats, and a large human economic sacrifice zone for
             | the plutocrats to exploit."
             | 
             | It's a grim, reductionist view of _society_ as a construct
             | for wealth, and general happiness only if the latter does
             | not impede the acculumation of the former.
        
       | fleddr wrote:
       | I would go along with the general idea that human beings in
       | general are good, it's a conclusion one easily picks up when
       | having traveled. Most of us want peace, health and reasonable
       | wealth.
       | 
       | Anyway, social media is an entirely different story. It simply
       | isn't designed to have reasonable conversations at length. It's
       | fast, superficial, cult-like, where division is richly rewarded
       | and reason is not. There's no debate tactic you can come up with
       | that changes this as this presumes good faith.
       | 
       | Social media in itself is bad at this but combined with the
       | backdrop of a polarized political landscape, you have a perfect
       | storm making almost any discussion impossible, star-man or not.
        
       | Telemakhos wrote:
       | I fail to see how praising the opponent differs from an ad
       | hominem fallacy except in tone: addressing the interlocutor
       | instead of the issue still fails to address the issue.
        
         | JadeNB wrote:
         | > I fail to see how praising the opponent differs from an ad
         | hominem fallacy except in tone: addressing the interlocutor
         | instead of the issue still fails to address the issue.
         | 
         | The ad hominem fallacy is meant to _end_ discussion by
         | attacking the interlocutor. This approach is meant to
         | _facilitate_ discussion by fostering a positive relationship
         | with the interlocutor; the positive relationship is a means,
         | not the end.
        
         | BeetleB wrote:
         | > addressing the interlocutor instead of the issue still fails
         | to address the issue.
         | 
         | Logically, you are correct. Realistically, with a lot of
         | people, failing to address the interlocutor will result in a
         | failure to address the issue.
         | 
         | The "Let's keep personalities and egos out of this" methodology
         | works in a rather narrow domain.
        
       | gregwebs wrote:
       | Summary: Focus first on figuring out the common goal that you are
       | both trying to achieve. From there you can try to discuss the
       | differences in approaches to that goal that you have come up with
       | and steel man the other side.
       | 
       | This seems like a great approach to gain a better understanding
       | of the big picture context, avoid arguing, and have a productive
       | discussion.
       | 
       | What is missing from this essay for me is the acknowledgement
       | that people often do want different things because they do have
       | different values. I think this approach though would make it
       | easier to recognize differences in values and separate out values
       | from facts.
        
         | rendall wrote:
         | I don't think this is a good summary. My understanding of the
         | idea is to steel-man the opponent's argument and then also add
         | a codicil that describes what compassionate values they have
         | that lead them to that point of view.
        
           | gregwebs wrote:
           | Yes, I agree your summary is more accurate of what is written
           | in the article. I think the emphasis of mine is an
           | improvement on what is suggested here. Shifting from arguing
           | towards conversation produces better outcomes in my
           | experience.
        
       | safety1st wrote:
       | I'm really impressed by this idea. I've never heard of the idea
       | of "star-manning" an argument before, I presume the author
       | invented it, it's good food for thought.
       | 
       | There's another interesting term in here - "ideological capture"
       | - seems like this refers to the state where a person or
       | organization is supporting policy based on ideology or group
       | identity rather than what policy would yield the best outcomes
       | for all of the people involved.
       | 
       | I don't think star-manning is a replacement for steel-manning.
       | More like there are situations where no matter how well you
       | steel-man someone's argument, they're not going to listen,
       | because you don't like each other (or each other's views). Maybe
       | the place where this idea is most applicable is when someone else
       | is in an adversarial mode, it's really the person themselves that
       | you need to "star-man" to establish that common ground is
       | possible and get them into a cooperative mode.
        
         | zmgsabst wrote:
         | I still think steelmanning is the right path to addressing
         | conflict.
         | 
         | Even in very tense settings, it's hard for people to be
         | disagreeable about you accurately relaying their view -- maybe
         | even better than they did themselves. That makes people feel
         | listened to and understood, which are powerful motivators in
         | human psychology.
         | 
         | I won't pretend I always do this, but I've certainly had the
         | best success inquiring about their position until I can
         | steelman it and only then addressing why I disagree.
         | 
         | As Chris Voss would say, you don't want them to say "you're
         | right", you want them to say "that's right".
        
       | csours wrote:
       | A post I made elsewhere, which seems pertinent here:
       | 
       | Politics and Hermit Crabs
       | 
       | Hermit Crabs wear a shell for protection. If they get separated
       | from their shell, they get frantic and often die if they can't
       | find a replacement. They don't like it when people mess with
       | their shell.
       | 
       | Imagine coming up with a brilliant, powerful political argument.
       | You can smash the shell right off your opponent. Will they thank
       | you for it? There is a real human psychological need behind
       | people's beliefs. There is lived experience behind these beliefs.
       | 
       | It can feel like a real attack when that lived experience is
       | invalidated. People retract into their shell, or attack right
       | back. If their shell is actually busted, they probably won't
       | stick around and find out what else you plan on doing to them;
       | they'll run off and they may find an even worse shell.
       | 
       | So what then? Just accept that they will wear a terrible shell
       | forever? I think that you have to accept their current situation.
       | You don't have to accept it forever, but you have to see them
       | where they are now. You can't change their shell, and you
       | shouldn't expect them to change to a shell that matches yours any
       | time soon, but if you don't drive them away, then maybe they can
       | accept that your shell is valid, and find value in your point of
       | view.
       | 
       | And to be clear, you don't have to do this for everyone, and you
       | sure don't have to do it on social media. You may not be able to
       | accept anyone's terrible shell right now. That's fine. But
       | remember that we all picked up our shells from our environment;
       | we carry our history around with us.
        
         | immigrantheart wrote:
         | I am loving this, gonna steal it.
        
       | BiteCode_dev wrote:
       | Unfortunatly, like NVC, arguing from compassion is really hard to
       | fake.
       | 
       | You may force yourself to practice it, and you will improve. But
       | as soon as you get heat up in the moment, it will all go away.
       | 
       | What really helps you to progress is to work on yourself
       | (whatever is your favorite tool, therapy, meditation, etc).
       | 
       | Because it will improve the compassion you feel (for others, but
       | more importantly, for yourself: a lot of the debate is going on
       | inside), and giving a compassionate shape to your words will then
       | be more natural, fluid, and therefore, will be less likely to
       | melt away in a real life debate.
       | 
       | But trying to sound compassionate when you are angry doesn't work
       | very well. And it requires a huge amount of energy to maintain
       | (ask any politician :)).
       | 
       | This is one of those areas where "fake it until you make it"
       | shows its limits.
       | 
       | However, it does improve the quality of your exchanges a lot on
       | the long run, and for me, it's really worth it.
       | 
       | I'm not saying don't try to fake it, but rather, understand where
       | the ceiling is.
        
         | BeetleB wrote:
         | > Unfortunatly, like NVC, arguing from compassion is really
         | hard to fake.
         | 
         | Agreed.
         | 
         | > What really helps you to progress is to work on yourself
         | (whatever is your favorite tool, therapy, meditation, etc).
         | 
         | This, however, is very consistent with NVC. Not just with NVC
         | but with most communications books - especially those involving
         | difficult issues. These books focus more on figuring out what's
         | inside of you than in the actual verbal communication. If
         | you're upset/angry, the goal is to understand what is causing
         | you to be angry and how you got there - why would you get angry
         | and someone else wouldn't?
        
           | BiteCode_dev wrote:
           | Indeed it's a better way to put it than my comment: it's not
           | as important to note than faking it is hard, rather that
           | really understanding it is something that goes deeper than an
           | exchange of words.
           | 
           | However, I would say that it's ok to start with just the
           | words. There is a first step to everything.
        
           | jimkleiber wrote:
           | I'd argue that often what's inside of us (at least in side of
           | me) is a lot of verbal communication. Maybe you mean the
           | verbal communication we do with others, yet I just wanted to
           | say I think the language we use with ourselves is often the
           | language we use with others. I've found that yes, working on
           | how I talk to myself has helped how I talk to others. For
           | example, I'm not an idiot when I make a mistake, I'm angry at
           | a specific behavior I did.
           | 
           | So I try to pay attention to how I speak to myself and how I
           | speak to others, trying to learn from both. E.g., I just said
           | "gosh, how stupid are you" to someone (or thought it), wait,
           | how often do I say that to myself?
        
         | JadeNB wrote:
         | > But trying to sound compassionate when you are angry doesn't
         | work very well. And it requires a huge amount of energy to
         | maintain (ask any politician :)).
         | 
         | But that's a good and self-reinforcing thing! If you are
         | spending all your energy on compassion, then you are _not_
         | spending your energy on talking angrily, and so are
         | inadvertently lulled into listening, or at least not over-
         | talking. If one can 't be genuinely compassionate yet, then at
         | least falling into a neutral non-attacking position is a good
         | thing.
        
           | BiteCode_dev wrote:
           | I wish.
           | 
           | Nowever it's not uncommon to build frustration that way.
           | Let's disregard the fact it's a highway to unhappiness. One
           | day, one may not have enough energy to keep this frustration
           | at bay, then anger will flow.
           | 
           | Anger is a funny thing, it can lend you temporarilly a lot of
           | energy (that you pay back with interest later). So even if
           | you didn't have any for compassion, suddenly, you might find
           | you have a lot for destruction.
           | 
           | Now don't get me wrong, I think trying and failing at
           | compassion is a worthy action, even when resulting with
           | destruction.
           | 
           | In fact, some meditation technics are mostly that: you try to
           | be compassionate, or in the moment, or just observing. You
           | fail. You try again. For years.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | NoGravitas wrote:
       | I want to believe. And in interpersonal interactions, with
       | regular people, in meatspace, it's probably good advice.
       | 
       | But in a larger context, we live in a post-truth world, a
       | hyperreality. Sartre noted the use of bad faith to create a false
       | reality as early as 1944:
       | 
       | > "Never believe that anti-Semites are completely unaware of the
       | absurdity of their replies. They know that their remarks are
       | frivolous, open to challenge. But they are amusing themselves,
       | for it is their adversary who is obliged to use words
       | responsibly, since he believes in words. The anti-Semites have
       | the right to play. They even like to play with discourse for, by
       | giving ridiculous reasons, they discredit the seriousness of
       | their interlocutors. They delight in acting in bad faith, since
       | they seek not to persuade by sound argument but to intimidate and
       | disconcert. If you press them too closely, they will abruptly
       | fall silent, loftily indicating by some phrase that the time for
       | argument is past."
       | 
       | Since the late 1970s or so, it's gotten worse, as hyper-reality
       | has become a mainstream tool of governance worldwide [1] [2].
       | People don't just disagree about the interpretation of facts and
       | ideas about what should be done about them, but about the facts
       | themselves. And this disagreement about facts is fostered by
       | powerful interests, some cooperating, some competing, for profit
       | and political reasons, the latter of which is mainly about making
       | coordinated and effective opposition movements impossible in
       | multiple ways.
       | 
       | Lana Wachowski, via the character Morpheus: "The Matrix is a
       | system, Neo. That system is our enemy. But when you're inside,
       | you look around, what do you see? Businessmen, teachers, lawyers,
       | carpenters. The very minds of the people we are trying to save.
       | But until we do, these people are still a part of that system and
       | that makes them our enemy. You have to understand, most of these
       | people are not ready to be unplugged. And many of them are so
       | inured, so hopelessly dependent on the system, that they will
       | fight to protect it.
       | 
       | I'd like to think that starmanning would be a tool for making
       | people ready to be unplugged. But the truth is, people _will_
       | fight to protect the system, especially when they 've been
       | convinced that they benefit from it.
       | 
       | [1]:
       | https://www.academia.edu/33103253/Hyper_Normalisation_contex...
       | 
       | [2]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=thLgkQBFTPw
        
         | js8 wrote:
         | I think Michael Brooks put it more nicely than Morpheus:
         | 
         | Be kind to people, but ruthless to systems.
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | Quite hard to do with people that self-identify as parts of a
           | system.
           | 
           | (IFAIK, that's the GP's point.)
           | 
           | Somehow the world is full of those people. Attack the system
           | and you are attacking them.
        
           | NoGravitas wrote:
           | Rest in power, Michael Brooks.
        
         | BeetleB wrote:
         | > But in a larger context, we live in a post-truth world, a
         | hyperreality. Sartre noted the use of bad faith to create a
         | false reality as early as 1944:
         | 
         | I'm not sure how the current world is any more post-truth than
         | the one 30 or 60 years ago.
        
       | chernevik wrote:
       | > To star-man is to not only engage with the most charitable
       | version of your opponent's argument, but also with the most
       | charitable version of your opponent, by acknowledging their good
       | intentions and your shared desires despite your disagreements.
       | 
       | This is all to the good, but it is unfortunate that we need to
       | reinvent this wheel. Thinkers like Plato and JS Mill have made
       | exactly the same point, and other good points besides.
       | 
       | We have a rich literature in how to think and how to argue, and
       | we would do well to pay more attention to it.
        
       | ParetoOptimal wrote:
       | > No doubt some cynics will bristle at the seeming naivete of
       | calling for civility towards monsters. I understand their
       | skepticism. Many of our beliefs feel more like identities, and to
       | disagree with those is to negate our very existence. The thought
       | of extending charity to those looking to erase us seems
       | masochistic, even suicidal. But this perception of existential
       | threat is an illusion. Yes, there are monsters in the world, but
       | they're so few in number that you're unlikely to actually
       | encounter one.
       | 
       | I'm definitely not a cynic, but this really understates the power
       | of the threat that bad ideas can have to peoples existence. That
       | threat is higher based on your specific intersectionality.
       | 
       | My socio-economic position personally lets "this perception of
       | existential threat is an illusion" ring true the vast majority of
       | the time. When I was below the poverty line however, the ideas of
       | someone in a position of power about poor people threatened my
       | ability to better my existence.
       | 
       | I quite like the idea of "optimism isn't naieve, it's the refusal
       | to accept the present as the future". I believe this is a healthy
       | way of seeing things as long as one doesn't bury their head in
       | the sand about current realities that can be much more depressing
       | than the bright future you can envision.
        
       | jimkleiber wrote:
       | > If you're still unconvinced--if you're reflexively rejecting
       | this notion outright, you have to ask yourself: Why? Why wouldn't
       | you want to acknowledge your interlocutor's humanity, your mutual
       | quest for safety, security, and satisfaction? How would
       | compassion for your opponent affect your pursuits? I worry about
       | the answers to those questions, and so should you.
       | 
       | I think because I want to recognize _my_ humanity first, before I
       | recognize the other person 's humanity.
       | 
       | I think this is the fundamental missing piece in the argument: to
       | recognize our own humanity. I think we take it for a given and
       | yet how many of us are afraid to show our humanity to others? How
       | we feel? What we're thinking? _Especially_ in conflict. We don 't
       | say how we're shouting at them because we love them and are
       | afraid they will leave us. We don't say we are against abortions
       | because we tried all our lives to have a child biologically and
       | were unable to and thus feel jealous of those who can but choose
       | to abort--or conversely, for allowing women to choose because we
       | grew up in a family where our parents resented us for being born
       | and ruining their lives.
       | 
       | I really like the idea of humanizing the other person, I think
       | what is more helpful to me feeling well and to resolving conflict
       | in my life is to make sure that I first humanize myself and show
       | that humanity to others.
        
         | giraffe_lady wrote:
         | I think this is especially worth considering and practicing in
         | this particular forum. It often feels like one of the signals
         | of an authoritative, respectable comment on HN is how
         | effectively the commenter distances themselves from their own
         | humanity.
         | 
         | We easily and consistently dismiss any argument that shows
         | emotion, are in fact proud of doing so. It creates a dynamic
         | where we're trying to outdo each other's inhumanity, flex how
         | cold and logical we can be in pursuit of a goal or argument.
         | But without the humanity beneath, without the emotion to
         | motivate us, there is no point to anything, no reason to prefer
         | any outcome to any other.
        
           | jimkleiber wrote:
           | I'm sitting here in awe and deep gratitude (oh emotion).
           | Thank you for saying this.
           | 
           | I remember reading a book about transformational leadership
           | by Bob Quinn, a professor at the University of Michigan, and
           | talking about how many people in academia pressured him to
           | not use the first person perspective in his book and how he
           | proceeded to use it anyway.
           | 
           | I love the community here and worry so often that if I type
           | something, it will be perceived as too emotional, too
           | flowery, too subjective, etc, so even I, a person who has
           | dedicated the last 10 years of his professional life to
           | communicating emotion, balks to express how I'm feeling here.
           | 
           | edit: oh, and I studied electrical engineering at a very good
           | school for a few years and did well at it, and maybe I feel
           | the need to say that because I think sometimes people think
           | emotions are soft and fluffy and think people who believe in
           | emotions may not come from the "hard sciences" (understanding
           | the near infinite combinations of emotional interactions
           | seems to be a pretty hard science to me).
        
       | throwaway894345 wrote:
       | For the folks here who are active on Twitter, the author is
       | definitely worth a follow, especially if you're trying to build a
       | reprieve from the normal vitriolic Twitter experience.
       | 
       | https://mobile.twitter.com/StrangelEdweird
       | 
       | He also has half a dozen articles for NewsWeek that readers may
       | find interesting: https://www.newsweek.com/authors/angel-eduardo
        
       | possible_option wrote:
       | Steelmanning / starmanning are viable ONLY IF the other part is
       | really arguing in good faith.
       | 
       | Assuming good faith is not always effective: it's completely
       | vulnerable to various forms of trolling including
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sealioning
       | 
       | "The amount of energy needed to refute bullshit is an order of
       | magnitude bigger than that needed to produce it."
       | 
       | Trolls love making people waste their time refuting bullshit.
       | 
       | Choose wisely who to argue with.
        
         | closedloop129 wrote:
         | >Sealioning (also sea-lioning and sea lioning) is a type of
         | trolling or harassment that consists of pursuing people with
         | relentless requests for evidence, often tangential or
         | previously addressed, while maintaining a pretense of civility
         | and sincerity
         | 
         | The audience are the other readers, not the other commenter.
         | It's enough to convince them. If valid arguments are not enough
         | for them then that's their problem.
        
         | koheripbal wrote:
         | The vast majority of conversations about politics have negative
         | value.
        
       | fritztastic wrote:
       | I think, from anecdotal personal experience, that a lot of people
       | harbor deep seated emotions of anger, fear, and hostility. This
       | makes it really difficult to communicate with them, as
       | defensiveness and distrust are often a part of their reaction-
       | and they sometimes lash out with personal attacks, whicb can
       | beentally exhausting and discouraging.
       | 
       | Even with close family members, it is difficult for me to be able
       | to explain my ideas without encountering a barrier in their
       | reaction where they refuse to consider what I have to say.
       | 
       | I think, and this is just my theory, that a lot of people have
       | traumas (sometimes ones they themselves don't realize relate to
       | their associations with the subject being discussed) that make it
       | hard to communicate and they may not know how to approach
       | considering their view might be wrong, or even not wrong but just
       | not the only valid way to look at an issue.
       | 
       | It's extraordinarily difficult to approach certain topics without
       | also encouraging people to confront their biases and encourage
       | them to question things they regard as absolutes- as I mentioned,
       | even with close family members, it's very hard to communicate and
       | have discussions.
       | 
       | It's not an easy thing for them to do, granted, and there is also
       | very little incentive for someone to introspect on why they feel
       | the way they do about something, even less for them to
       | acknowledge there are alternate ways of approaching topics- even
       | hypothetically.
        
         | jimkleiber wrote:
         | I think I hear you, in that often sometimes these conversations
         | bring up very deep foundational conflicts?
         | 
         | What I've seen is that sometimes the simplest of arguments,
         | when both sides continue opening up, can reveal some
         | existential conflicts within us. I think one of the main
         | conflicts we fight is actually opening up too much and showing
         | too much of our humanity (or our perceived inhumanity).
         | 
         | So yeah, some of these conflicts might go deeper than we want
         | and nudge/force us to confront things we've been trying to
         | avoid. It's something I fear in resolving conflict with people,
         | I like to keep going and sometimes people will say to me
         | "that's enough!" and cut it off, and I think it may relate to
         | them pushing up against those biases/conflicts as you've
         | mentioned.
        
       | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
       | This is how I've operated for most of my adult life. It is
       | generally not received well. It seems to be taken as weakness. It
       | just happened yesterday, on this very forum.
       | 
       | I do it anyway, because I'm clean-shaven, and need to look at
       | myself, every morning.
       | 
       | I've never thought it needed a name, although the Bowie reference
       | is nice.
        
         | fritztastic wrote:
         | It can be incredibly draining. I think it's important to also
         | have boundaries and know how to "pick your battles". Some
         | people are unwilling or unable to open themselves up by being
         | sincere, having a genuine discussion can leave people feeling
         | vulnerable and there's a level of trust and willingness to take
         | a risk necessary to truly have a deep discussion about certain
         | topics.
         | 
         | Sometimes it's just not possible. Some people have impenetrable
         | barriers they will defend with no regard for how they do so and
         | the way it affects others.
         | 
         | That being said I like to think of it like I'm reaching out to
         | someone, and often they don't reach back, in a majority of
         | cases they don't want that contact. Those times when someone
         | does, though, brings me great hope.
        
           | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
           | Absolutely. In yesterday's thread, for example, the other
           | party had a specific agenda, and wouldn't budge, so I let
           | them have it. I did give them a couple of chances,
           | nevertheless.
           | 
           | It is annoying, though, when folks cast a willingness to
           | recognize all sides of an argument as being "biased," because
           | it does not agree with their side.
           | 
           | I also don't like being called a liar, which is what they
           | did, I assume, because they were unable to comprehend being
           | able to recognize all sides of an issue (I was raised amongst
           | diplomats, so I got that kind of thinking since I was a wee
           | sprog).
        
         | jimkleiber wrote:
         | > I do it anyway, because I'm clean-shaven, and need to look at
         | myself, every morning.
         | 
         | I really appreciate this point. I do this not necessarily to
         | win the argument or change how the other person is
         | thinking/feeling, I do it mostly because I feel better when I
         | do it. Believing someone is out to get me can cause me a lot of
         | fear. Believing they don't care about me can cause me a lot of
         | loneliness. Believing they're trying their best and are swamped
         | with suffering? I actually feel relieved and maybe even
         | grateful that they may have tried so hard to help me.
         | 
         | Will I ever know their deepest intentions? Probably not, but I
         | sure feel a lot better when I believe they have good intentions
         | for me.
         | 
         | Glad to see you comment on here, you're one of the few names I
         | recognize on HN and appreciate what you said and what you often
         | say, thank you.
        
           | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
           | That's really nice!
           | 
           | Thanks so much!
           | 
           | I'm a "reformed troll," so I make an effort to be positive. I
           | feel that I owe some amends.
        
             | jimkleiber wrote:
             | :-) (goodness, I notice there are almost no emojis or even
             | emoticons on HN, I wonder how that impacts the humanity of
             | discussion here)
             | 
             | Haha, we all have our reasons, I'm just glad you're doing
             | what you're doing.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | notacoward wrote:
       | Another possibility: instead of _assuming_ anything, ask
       | questions to clarify where the speaker /writer is coming from. In
       | my experience, people who are arguing in good faith will be glad
       | to go along (as long as you're truly _questioning_ and not
       | badgering or cross-examining). People who are arguing in bad
       | faith will resist, evade, try to turn things around etc. The
       | difference is usually apparent as soon as you ask the first
       | question.
        
       | headsoup wrote:
       | I don't understand how this adds anything different really than
       | assuming the opponent is the worst.
       | 
       | I would expect the advice to be 'make no assumptions about the
       | character of the person arguing and instead try to argue purely
       | the content presented.'
       | 
       | Star-man seems like some inverse ad-hominem.
        
         | smeej wrote:
         | Many (most?) people identify with their ideas. They consider
         | their ideas to be parts of, or manifestations of, themselves.
         | 
         | This is why, if you attack an idea, the person defending it
         | feels threatened. They go into a fight-or-flight mode, which
         | almost completely deactivates their ability to evaluate your
         | arguments rationally.
         | 
         | Star-manning makes clear from the start that you recognize,
         | appreciate, and share their intentions. You aren't opposed to
         | the things they care about the most. You're actually an ally.
         | They don't need to fight you or run from you.
         | 
         | From this vantage point, you can discuss _strategies_ for
         | accomplishing the goals you both share, and there is a much
         | higher likelihood they will be open to hearing the reasons you
         | think your strategy will be more effective than they would if
         | their hindbrain activated at the beginning of the conversation.
        
           | exodust wrote:
           | From the article: "More often, you will run into ordinary
           | people under the influence of bad ideas--ideas that lead them
           | to think and act in misguided, even monstrous ways."
           | 
           | So a presumptuous negativity lurks behind starman? The tone
           | is like "we can cure those people infected with bad ideas,
           | with healing power of compassion".
        
             | rendall wrote:
             | I took that as more a way to reach those readers who
             | already think this way. Kind of "If you are trying to reach
             | someone who is under the influence of ideas you think are
             | bad, try empathizing with the values that led them to these
             | ideas."
        
           | headsoup wrote:
           | Can't this only really work if your 'opponent' agrees to also
           | do the same up front?
           | 
           | Imagine believing a troll arguing with you has fully honest
           | and positive intentions (or you can convince them to be so)
           | while they savage you. That's some weird self-torture.
           | 
           | Or, if your opponent isn't interest in the strategies, you're
           | back to square one.
           | 
           | Training yourself to ignore the individual behind the
           | comments and focus on the content sounds more useful in my
           | opinion over time, as it allows you to debate under broader
           | circumstances, without any social contract. I might be
           | completely wrong, but I also imagine it would lead to better
           | recognition of circular logic, ad-hominem and other useless
           | argumentation rhetoric because you're actively working to
           | remove the emotional triggers that blind you.
        
             | smeej wrote:
             | I think the point is that your "opponent" might agree to
             | this if you express openness to it from the start by
             | showing them you understand and share their deepest
             | motives, but they will almost certainly be closed to you if
             | they perceive themselves (rightly or wrongly) to be under
             | attack.
             | 
             | It's always up to you to assess whether there's any hope
             | for a productive conversation with someone. It's also up to
             | you to define "productive." If there is no hope, by
             | whatever definition you select, it's probably a better use
             | of your time to set a boundary and disengage.
             | 
             | This strategy seems to be geared toward maximizing the
             | chance that your "opponent" will be able and willing to
             | hear your points, but there's only so much any strategy can
             | do if someone is determined to see you as an enemy from the
             | start.
        
       | cratermoon wrote:
       | Franklin Covey said it succinctly in 1989, "seek first to
       | understand, then to be understood". He called it The Habit of
       | Empathic Communication.
        
       | georgia_peach wrote:
       | On the one hand, he's right. On the other hand, I feel gaslit by
       | the fact that, superficially speaking, someone has built a brand
       | & an income around a BS token like " _starmanning_ ". I mean,
       | we've all cast pearls before swine from time to time, but how
       | many of you have managed to make a career out of it?
        
       | amalcon wrote:
       | I see a few folks in these comments essentially saying "If only
       | everyone else would do this!" This rather misses the point. You
       | don't empathize with your opposition for their sake; you do it
       | for your own sake. You do it because you might learn something.
       | You do it because it helps to build relationships, like (say) the
       | famous friendship between the late justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg
       | and Antonin Scalia. You even do it because your argument will be
       | more effective. But the bottom line is that you do it because
       | it's better for your own mental health if you try to think of the
       | people around you as good.
        
         | pjscott wrote:
         | You're right that this has unilateral benefits, but it's even
         | better if something like this becomes encoded in social norms.
         | For example, there are online communities where it's simply
         | expected that you'll assume good faith and basic decency from
         | the people you're arguing with. To do otherwise would be a
         | serious faux pas. There are also online communities where
         | everything immediately devolves into flamewars in which
         | everyone is shouting and no-one is listening, and _that_ is
         | considered normal and inevitable. And then of course there 's a
         | whole spectrum in-between. I can tell you from experience: the
         | places with nicer discourse norms are more pleasant and the
         | discussions tend to be _much_ more interesting and productive.
         | (Compare HN with, say, most of Twitter.)
        
       | roenxi wrote:
       | This is a really good idea for people who are thoughtful and
       | genuinely want to learn the truth. There problems with it in
       | practice.
       | 
       | Some people have made their political ideology the foundation
       | that they build their ego on. Any disagreement is intolerable.
       | Others are not thoughtful enough to understand that there can be
       | genuine disagreement in the world of both thought and action
       | which needs to be tolerated.
       | 
       | These people will ruin any concept of starmanning that catches
       | hold by using it as a passive-aggressive cudgel ("I'm sure you
       | are a good person and therefore you will immediately cease your
       | opposition and accept my arguments!", "I'm sure you want to be a
       | good person and therefore can't really believe these things you
       | are saying, which are only for bad people!", "Why are you
       | resisting when I'm starmanning you, you must be Hitler 2.0").
       | 
       | But without labelling it, I do endorse the technique. Almost
       | everyone wants the world to get better.
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | > But without labelling it, I do endorse the technique. Almost
         | everyone wants the world to get better.
         | 
         | It is interesting to see how labeling a technique like this and
         | assigning it a sense of moral superiority seems to invite the
         | exact abuse you describe.
         | 
         | I've noticed this with the recent popularity of "steelmanning";
         | Many of the explicitly-labeled steelman arguments I've read
         | lately are actually just strawman arguments, but the author
         | tries to preempt criticism by labeling it a steelman and
         | pretending it is the most robust counter argument that could
         | exist. Often these false steelman arguments arise when the
         | author doesn't understand the topic as well as they think they
         | do but they believe that "steelmanning" automatically makes
         | them an expert on the counter arguments.
        
           | roenxi wrote:
           | If it isn't labelled explicitly, by and large the cudgel
           | people can't tell when it is happening, can't mimic it &
           | don't know how to attack. The reason they cudgel is because
           | they can't use empathy - if they could they would, it is a
           | more powerful tool. Plus the cudgel hurts both parties.
           | 
           | It sounds stupid, but I believe it. The flow of a lot of
           | arguments make sense if you assume neither side understands
           | practical empathy (not a comment on objectives, just they
           | can't hold 2x perspectives in mind at once so a lot of the
           | conversation is invisible to them).
        
             | anamax wrote:
             | Many people confuse expressive with empathy.
        
             | t-3 wrote:
             | I've become convinced that (most?) people only possess
             | "visual empathy" - that is, they can only empathize with
             | what they can see. I think it explains why arguments on the
             | internet often seem to have manipulative strawmanning
             | sociopaths on both sides.
        
               | ROTMetro wrote:
               | I remember seeing somewhere that societal empathy didn't
               | strongly exist as a cultural trait until people started
               | reading stories where they put themselves in other
               | people's shoes. I guess communal storytelling wasn't
               | enough to change a persons mindset. It was in the context
               | of historical greeks were all sociopaths and narcissists
               | and quite different from the average person today.
        
           | pydry wrote:
           | >Many of the explicitly-labeled steelman arguments I've read
           | lately are actually just strawman arguments, but the author
           | tries to preempt criticism by labeling it a steelman and
           | pretending it is the most robust counter argument that could
           | exist.
           | 
           | Just means that they have limited imagination, no?
           | 
           | I'd hesitate to label anything as steelmanning even if I
           | believed that was what I was doing.
           | 
           | Somebody else coming up with a slightly better argument than
           | my labeled steelman would undermine my entire point.
           | 
           | That said, successfully presenting an opponents steelman
           | argument as well or better than they would and then
           | countering it is very effective.
        
             | TimPC wrote:
             | I've always found steelmanning to be stupid. If you want to
             | discuss something with me you should actually discuss my
             | argument not the argument you replace it with that you
             | think is better and I think is worse.
        
               | haswell wrote:
               | But haven't you now just asked the other person to
               | steelman for you instead? While being unwilling to do so
               | yourself?
               | 
               | The purpose of dialogue is to explore differences in
               | thinking and possibly emerge with a new shared
               | understanding.
               | 
               | To me, steelmanning is offering the other person the
               | courtesy of the same thing you just insisted they
               | "should" do if they want to have a discussion with you.
        
               | mmcdermott wrote:
               | I think a lot of this conversation is getting tied up in
               | knots around some new terminology.
               | 
               | For years, a big part of my process for evaluating a new
               | idea was to ask questions and mentally argue for and
               | against various propositions. This might force me to read
               | or think a bit more, but that process almost inherently
               | tries to find the strongest (by whatever values
               | constitute 'strong' to me) version of a point of view.
               | 
               | Is it foolproof? No, I find new arguments and facts.
               | 
               | But I do generally find it easier to see where other
               | people are coming from in a discussion because I can
               | usually reference back to my own interior dialogue to see
               | where the idea at least could have come from (whether it
               | did or not).
               | 
               | Is that steelmanning? I have no earthly idea, but it
               | works for me.
        
               | pydry wrote:
               | I see it more as a way of pre-empting predictable retorts
               | in a constrained time and space. If your retort is not
               | obvious then fine, we discuss your argument.
               | 
               | However, if I say A and I know 90% of people counter A
               | with B then I'll say A and counter with steelmanned B and
               | then counter that all at once so we can quickly jump to
               | C.
               | 
               | C would either be a less predictable counter or no
               | counter at all.
        
               | TimPC wrote:
               | If you actually address B when I either say B or was
               | inclined to say B then sure. But I've seen way too much
               | of "that argument is weak, the better argument is X which
               | fails because Y" meanwhile Y fails to refute the original
               | argument making it quite unclear that X is actually a
               | better argument.
        
               | pydry wrote:
               | >If you actually address B when I either say B or was
               | inclined to say B then sure
               | 
               | Thats kind of the whole point of steelmanning.
        
               | TimPC wrote:
               | It's not though. At least according to every description
               | of steelmanning I read you're supposed to replace an
               | argument you encounter with the best possible argument.
               | But the best possible argument might be different enough
               | that arguments which address it don't address the
               | original argument. Which is my whole problem with the
               | practice. If you only make minor improvements to what I
               | say that makes the arguments responding to my claims
               | identical to the arguments responding to the new claim
               | then I have no problems. But people in practice steelman
               | arguments in ways that change the responses too them. At
               | some point, if you aren't actually addressing my claims
               | we aren't actually having a conversation.
        
               | arminiusreturns wrote:
               | I think the main disconnect here is the replcaing the
               | argument point. You are supposed to take the best
               | _version of the argument presented_ , not _replace it
               | with the best possible argument_. Of course anyone doing
               | the latter is going to often be too far off course to
               | move the conversation along.
               | 
               | To me steelmanning is more of a better version of
               | restating the others point in order to verify you
               | understand their point. The best steelmanning is often
               | proceeded by that. (do I understand the other parties
               | meaning, and what is the strongest version of that
               | meaning.)
               | 
               | Most often though I just find that steelmanning is just
               | ignoring fallacies in otherwise decent efforts at
               | conversational debate. In order to not devolve into back
               | and forth "thats a fallacy!".
        
               | pydry wrote:
               | >But the best possible argument might be different enough
               | that arguments which address it don't address the
               | original argument.
               | 
               | They might, yes. The point is to try not that you will
               | necessarily always succeed.
               | 
               | This is why I said above that trying to do it but not
               | labeling it is the best approach coz hey, maybe your
               | steelman game sucks.
        
               | Mezzie wrote:
               | > But the best possible argument might be different
               | enough that arguments which address it don't address the
               | original argument.
               | 
               | In which case the responsibility is on the steelmanner to
               | demonstrate conclusively _why_ the best possible argument
               | differs from the original argument by discussing what
               | makes the original argument weak. You can 't just address
               | it with 'it's weak.'
        
             | marcosdumay wrote:
             | > Just means that they have limited imagination, no?
             | 
             | Limited enough to not imagine the possibility there's
             | something they don't know.
             | 
             | Explicitly labeled steelman is just "argument from
             | arrogance", and that's one reason people often react badly
             | to it. Some times the arrogant person does know better than
             | everybody else, but statistically those two are negatively
             | correlated.
        
           | myfavoritedog wrote:
        
           | panarky wrote:
           | Steelmanning is when your interlocutor agrees with your
           | description of their argument.
        
             | I_complete_me wrote:
             | What a beautifully concise definition.
        
         | cyraxjoe wrote:
         | >Some people have made their political ideology the foundation
         | that they build their ego on[...]
         | 
         | This remind me about the idea of "holy wars" in "The denial of
         | death" of Ernest Becker.
         | 
         | "Since the main task of human life is to become heroic and
         | transcend death, every culture must provide its members with an
         | intricate symbolic system that is covertly religious. This
         | means that ideological conflicts between cultures are
         | essentially battles between immortality projects, holy wars."
         | 
         | Also something along the lines of preferring to annihilate the
         | other before they risk to be symbolically annihilated, like if
         | we prefer the physical death before than the death of the
         | symbolic. For both the other (when is an ideological opponent)
         | and ourselves. We may be physically death, but symbolically
         | immortal.
        
         | cupofpython wrote:
         | I have inadvertently been "starman"-ing people my entire life.
         | I usually refer to it as "benefit of the doubt". I have not
         | encountered any problems with it in practice other than that
         | sometimes I end up talking in circles when the other person
         | doesnt really have a strong central point to their argument (or
         | it is just not clicking for me no matter how hard I try to
         | understand)
         | 
         | I think if such practices became mainstream, then people would
         | begin to realize the difficulties involved in having a coherent
         | conversation about a point of disagreement. The passive-
         | aggressive cudgels you mention would fall flat because it is
         | instantly noticeable as not fitting the necessary patterns for
         | coherent conversation.
         | 
         | No one needs to accept or reject the other. the point of an
         | argument is to educate each other, answer questions, and allow
         | each other to fit both opinions into their own world view (ex.
         | what are the limits / specifics to your belief?). Maybe someone
         | changes their mind during that conversation, maybe they dont.
         | maybe someone needs to let the new information ferment in their
         | minds and life for a bit before it clicks. that is part of
         | giving someone benefit of the doubt
         | 
         | maybe you are talking to someone who is venting, or in the
         | middle of a mental episode (i mean that literally, not
         | derogatorily), or was unfortunately born a narcissistic
         | manipulator and cant help themselves. It doesnt matter, they
         | cannot "win" the conversation - no one can - and the more
         | people that realize this truth about conversations in general,
         | the better the world will become
        
           | laserlight wrote:
           | > I have not encountered any problems with it in practice
           | other than that sometimes I end up talking in circles
           | 
           | This is why I stopped giving people benefit of the doubt.
           | With every uncharitable action of theirs, I tried to
           | understand their perspective, explain mine, and discover a
           | ground truth. Yet, they are not interested in finding the
           | truth. They are interested in doing what they believe is to
           | be true, regardless of whether it is true or not. They are
           | not interested in getting educated. They have already decided
           | that they are educated and I am wrong, just because we have
           | different ideas. My strategy of giving benefit of the doubt
           | in such a case turns out to be nothing but a waste of time.
           | 
           | Therefore, I've changed my strategy. If they don't respond
           | well to my giving benefit of the doubt, I'll confront them
           | directly. If they insist, then they'll become an out-group to
           | me. Starmanning no more.
        
             | cupofpython wrote:
             | I understand that frustration, but there are layers to
             | benefit of the doubt. Sometimes giving BotD involves
             | changing the conversation topic because an understanding is
             | not going to be reached on the current one. the best way to
             | think about it is that the other person exists over a
             | period of time, and maybe right now with you they are not
             | their best self - for whatever reason.
             | 
             | I dont enjoy casting people into out-groups, but I
             | understand its appeal and necessity for some people.
             | However, I dont give BotD for the other persons benefit. I
             | do it for my own peace of mind and because I find it yields
             | better conversations overall. Sometimes conversations go
             | nowhere, or people deliberately try to manipulate. Those
             | conversations yield nothing, but that's okay. No one owes
             | me anything, afterall. there's always the future.
             | 
             | I find the best way to keep people open to changing their
             | minds about something either now or in the future is to
             | make them feel like they are free to support whatever they
             | want. Then I act as a source of information and act as a
             | safe zone for thought-exploration.
             | 
             | People do not enjoy feeling hunted. and that goes for
             | educated people hunting uneducated people in order to teach
             | them something or else be out-casted. I think a response of
             | "fuck you, go ahead and outcast me" to that would be pretty
             | normal.
             | 
             | I would much prefer in-grouping people with proper
             | differentiation. "so and so is a great cook!" instead of
             | "so and so doesnt understand climate change and couldnt
             | hold a rational conversation with me about it that one time
             | so I dont associate with them anymore and if they die then
             | good riddance". People want to be validated. Sometimes
             | finding something to validate someone on rather than attack
             | them on the points of disagreement can help reshape their
             | identity. they might never agree with you, but maybe you
             | can move them towards ignoring the topic entirely within
             | their lives in favor of other things that are better
             | aligned with the good of society.
        
               | laserlight wrote:
               | I agree with most of these points. I don't want to give
               | the impression that I want people to agree with me and
               | that I will turn against them if they don't. I value and
               | embrace differences. It's my goal to actively seek what
               | I'm wrong about, so that I improve.
               | 
               | The types I'm talking about are the ones who are not
               | willing to cooperate. I act as a team player, yet they
               | have their own agenda against the team's. What's worse is
               | they act as if they are willing to cooperate, to benefit
               | from BotD. I don't know whether they do so consciously to
               | manipulate people or because of their insecurities. It
               | doesn't matter. If they are not willing to cooperate
               | after being treated with the best of intentions, then
               | those good intentions are better invested to where they
               | are valued.
        
         | synu wrote:
         | Unfortunately this is true, even with non-political topics.
         | Some people will treat sincere questions trying to understand
         | their point of view as attacks and keep escalating/trying to
         | make it personal.
         | 
         | In the end there isn't a lot you can do about it, except learn
         | when to cut bait and move on. I agree with you that it's still
         | worth trying.
        
           | throwaway0asd wrote:
           | Just walk away. Unless you are in politics or sales you
           | aren't forced to convince stupid people of anything. _Don't
           | cast pearls before swine._
        
             | kgwxd wrote:
             | When swine have the ability to vote, everyone is in
             | politics regardless if they want to be or not. Just
             | ignoring them has major consequences.
        
               | JasserInicide wrote:
               | Nah, fuck this "everything is politics" attitude.
               | Politics is everywhere because you make it everywhere.
               | It's a big part of the reason why discourse is as fucked
               | up as it is. Every discussion/encounter has to be
               | won/lost based on your ideology.
        
               | ParetoOptimal wrote:
               | Viewing everything as win-loss is bad, but politics does
               | inform or creep into the majority of things.
               | 
               | Especially if you aren't part of the majority.
        
             | synu wrote:
             | The only reason I don't walk away instantly is that very
             | occasionally someone does engage in good faith and it's an
             | opportunity for me and maybe them to learn something, and
             | that makes the rest (for the most part) worthwhile.
        
             | haswell wrote:
             | The collective consciousness of a society only changes
             | through open dialogue. Leaving it up to the politicians is
             | a good way for such dialogue to be inherently political.
             | 
             | There are plenty of issues of basic human decency that can
             | only be changed by talking to the people around you.
             | Stopping entirely can only entrench people in their beliefs
             | and validates the narrative that there are "sides", and
             | that the other side doesn't listen.
             | 
             | Referring to an entire group of people as swine is case in
             | point.
             | 
             | Politicians have their place, but so too the common
             | conversation on the street.
        
           | mst wrote:
           | The other thing I've found is that in those cases, the
           | toxicity of their reaction will (at least slightly) move the
           | opinions of at least some people watching the conversation.
           | 
           | So I tend to cut bait and move on at the point where it
           | starts to upset me rather than the point at which the
           | conversation itself is obviously futile.
           | 
           | However my tolerance before I start to actually be upset is
           | relatively high - most people would be significantly better
           | served by bailing out earlier and I've seen too many people
           | burning out of having such conversations entirely because of
           | not doing that and I miss their perspective so would prefer
           | they set boundaries that work for them.
           | 
           | (in case you can't tell, I _like_ being covering fire and it
           | very definitely earns me more friends I am glad to have than
           | enemies I would have preferred not to have)
        
           | koheripbal wrote:
           | This is why companies need a HR hiring process that filters
           | out candidates who haven't yet developed the level of
           | maturity needed to listen to contrary perspectives without
           | taking such conversations emotionally.
           | 
           | Such unfiltered workplaces inevitably become toxic.
        
             | synu wrote:
             | How would you evaluate this in a fair, consistent way?
        
             | JadeNB wrote:
             | > This is why companies need a HR hiring process that
             | filters out candidates who haven't yet developed the level
             | of maturity needed to listen to contrary perspectives
             | without taking such conversations emotionally.
             | 
             | The problem is that listening is a lot less flashy and
             | glamorous than violent self-promotion. As long as the
             | people who are in positions of power have got there by
             | violent self-promotion, they will, from intentional or
             | unintentional self-interest, bias the hiring process
             | towards people like them.
        
             | JasserInicide wrote:
             | I understand what you're saying, but it's ironic
             | considering that espousing anything but leftist viewpoints
             | in most tech companies today will instantly brand you as a
             | hostile.
        
               | koheripbal wrote:
               | Those (most) companies do not filter out immature people
               | who are incapable of hearing contrary opinions.
               | 
               | It's a very common problem, particularly in tech, which
               | has a very young employee base.
        
               | Elinvynia wrote:
               | What viewpoints are you trying to share that aren't
               | acceptable in most tech companies?
        
               | rajin444 wrote:
               | Hiring candidates on race/sex and not ability is racist
               | and harmful to building a better society.
        
               | [deleted]
        
       | amadeuspagel wrote:
       | Much like steelmanning, I fear that starmanning ends up serving
       | as an excuse to ignore the actual thought of your opponents, and
       | to make up some version that feels more comfortable.
        
         | rendall wrote:
         | That's the opposite of steelmanning. Steelmanning is engaging
         | with the actual thought of your opponents. Strawmanning is
         | ignoring the actual thought of your opponents in favor of an
         | easy-to-counter or ridiculous idea.
        
       | DoreenMichele wrote:
       | I think it's helpful to think in terms of merely trying to
       | _explain_ my point of view and _share my knowledge._ I 'm usually
       | looking for _conversation_ , not argument.
       | 
       | Then I don't need to worry so much about winning or making
       | points. It's easier to be kind, compassionate, etc when engaging
       | from that space.
        
         | jimkleiber wrote:
         | Yes! I want to share what's happening with me and receive
         | what's happening with them. When I read this article, I think I
         | took away that it was mostly about hearing what's happening
         | with others, and I think it's missing that piece of us sharing
         | what's happening with us first.
        
       | jl6 wrote:
       | I think this is something you get almost for free when talking to
       | someone you know in a real-world face-to-face conversation. You
       | get full-bandwidth communication with a real human, and it's
       | impossible to ignore their humanity. When you step back from
       | having a conversation with a person you know, to having an
       | argument with a person you don't know, the humanity diminishes -
       | they become just a character on the other side of the room. When
       | you step back from reality altogether, and argue with people
       | online, the humanity is absent entirely (and indeed, the thing
       | you are interacting with might not be human).
       | 
       | I conclude that a healthy debate can only take place in the real
       | world and a prerequisite is getting to know the person first.
        
       | igorkraw wrote:
       | > Yes, Nazis and white supremacists represent a particularly
       | deranged set of ideas, but with compassion it is possible to
       | tease the humanity out of even them. If Daryl Davis can convert
       | Klansmen, surely you can find common ground with someone on the
       | other end of the political spectrum. > ...The key (...) is the
       | recognition that (...) most of us are not as opposed to one
       | another as we think. Our discourse is rife with belligerence and
       | bile, and our platforms are designed to stoke polarization.
       | 
       | Spoken like someone who hasn't dealt with Nazis and other
       | authoritarian and/or moralistic political radicals before, as
       | well as a false equivalency.
       | 
       | The problem with Nazis, white supremacist and tankies is not that
       | they are personally evil, or that we find their ideas morally
       | abhorrent.
       | 
       | The problem is that their ideologies _require_ an enemy, an
       | underclass etc., and that the way they want to achieve good
       | things by eradicating a scapegoat with violence. This means that
       | while you can agree, agree to disagree or compromise on whether
       | we should spend amount X,Y or inbetween on $socialprogram, but
       | you can 't really do this with the classes of beliefs which are
       | expansionary and authoritarian. You can't do violence to a
       | specific scapegoat group of people "only a little bit" and have
       | them be okay with it.
       | 
       | And the reason why people come up with these beliefs are not the
       | same reasoning process that other beliefs are adopted. You cannot
       | logic someone out of a position they didn't logic themselves
       | into.
       | 
       | --
       | 
       | Now, all of this is not to demean the _idea_ behind this post. It
       | is true that the only way to deradicalize people is to find the
       | irrational core behind their ideas and try to address that. I 've
       | had hour long discussions with "patriots" making BS arguments
       | about the inherent sociocultural predisposition of black people
       | towards crime, consistently trying to dig at why they _really_
       | believed what they did - in the end, they had a traumatic
       | experience getting mugged. After arriving at this, it was able to
       | empathize, connect with them, and start shaking the beliefs.
       | 
       | But importantly, this was _after_ I had interrupted them
       | spreading  "race realist" propaganda to a younger colleague of
       | ours. The order of operations when dealing with people holding
       | harmful beliefs (which are almost universally authoritarian,
       | moralistic or of the "fuck you, I got mine" banal egoism) is to
       | 
       | 1. stop them from doing harm/do harm reduction
       | 
       | 2. try to connect with them as humans and try to deal with the
       | trauma that almost always underlies their beliefs
       | 
       | Trying to compromise with people who are unwilling to compromise
       | is how you get the slide into fundamentalist christianity (to
       | quote the republican senator Kinzinger "the christian taliban"
       | https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/jun/30/kinzinger-bo... )
       | that the US has been experiencing throughout the last decades. If
       | you try to rationally and civilly deal with people not interested
       | in being rational and civil but only about pushing _their_ view
       | of the world onto you, it won 't work. In order to get that
       | treatment, the beliefs need to be of a kind which is itself
       | tolerant to others. Secular societies leaving the choice of
       | abortion to women fulfills this condition: no-one is stopping
       | hardcore christians from not aborting. But a society which forces
       | women to come to term but does _not_ also force everyone to
       | donate blood and organs to those in need and does not provide a
       | UBI cannot use the  "life must be preserved" argument - it is
       | simply imposing one extremely specific behavioural rule onto one
       | specific subgroup of the population.
       | 
       | I know it is a radical take, but there are actual _differences_
       | between beliefs. Acting as if there isn 't does not bridge gaps,
       | it simply pulls us towards extremes.
        
         | Clubber wrote:
         | >The problem is that their ideologies require an enemy, an
         | underclass etc
         | 
         | In my experience, this seems central to almost all ideologies.
         | A common enemy, often greatly embellished or grossly
         | misrepresented, has been used to bolster tribal cohesion since
         | before humanity. I'm trying to think of an ideology that
         | doesn't use this, but I'm coming up blank.
        
           | igorkraw wrote:
           | Humanism, non-tankie leftism and the more tolerant/loving
           | religions all have "we are all brothers" ideologies.
           | Internationalism is a key feature of leftist ideology, hate
           | the sin love the sinner etc.
           | 
           | Ans even then, you can't simply throw things into a pot.
           | Singling out billionaires and aristocrats as the enemies for
           | their wealth and power is a different thing than singling out
           | homosexuals or women. If we started to deprive billionaires
           | of political speech you could very simply and comfortably
           | give up a few hundred million of wealth to regain it. So
           | discrimination against the rich and powerful (which is very
           | easy to opt out of) is different than discriminating against
           | poor people (which from experience is much harder to opt out
           | from).
           | 
           | The problem starts when the discrimination starts being
           | essentialist and stigmatising. If we have people for having a
           | rich father even if they themselves are estranged and poor,
           | it's no better than racism etc
        
       | Sporktacular wrote:
       | "If you doubt this, ask around. I wager you'll be hard-pressed to
       | find someone who wouldn't want a safer, fairer, more just world
       | for everyone if they could get it."
       | 
       | I'll take that wager. I've met a lot of people whose concern for
       | others drops off sharply beyond their own family and friends.
       | Then there is the deep tribal impulse that is satisfied only at
       | the exclusion of others, almost as a principle. Suggesting they
       | employ the starman in their discussion won't make a difference
       | because it's not a rhetorical problem, it's just how their
       | priorities reflect on how they act in their daily lives.
       | 
       | The issue is in assuming the most charitable version of an
       | opponent when we have their actions to guide us instead. For
       | example, right now there are lots of Russians who think it's fine
       | to invade, kill and steal, not for safety, fairness or justice
       | for everyone. They just want better for their tribe. And we
       | should respond as such based on their actions.
       | 
       | And if you assume they want safety, fairness and justice for
       | everyone, their responses will vary from 'sure, why not' to 'of
       | course, that's exactly why we're liberating, cleansing and
       | reappropriating'.
       | 
       | Many of us are just selfish bastards, and that's a character
       | flaw.
        
         | panarky wrote:
         | _> right now there are lots of Russians who think it 's fine to
         | invade, kill and steal, ..._
         | 
         | It's not even that the Russians who think this are especially
         | evil people, or irrational people, or people who are unlike us
         | in any fundamental way.
         | 
         | The reason they think this way, and that you do not, is because
         | they believe different myths than you do.
         | 
         | Let's say your worldview is defined by Ivan Ilyin [0]. You
         | don't consider other people or ethics at all. The only thing
         | that matters in the world is God. And God is displeased that
         | the perfect Russia that He created has been spoiled.
         | 
         | The only way to heal the world and make God happy is to restore
         | a certain kind of utopian Russia. That pure and perfect Russia
         | is united in territory and belief, so it can't tolerate any
         | division or fragmentation within itself.
         | 
         | Agents of the devil in the West are deviously dismantling and
         | disintegrating that pure and perfect Russia, piece by piece.
         | Westerners are carving off pieces of territory like Ukraine,
         | and dividing Russian people with seditious Western ideas like
         | democracy and gender fluidity and a free press.
         | 
         | So it's a supernatural struggle between good and evil. An
         | existential battle like that means there's no room for this
         | messy business of parliaments and voting, or compromising with
         | different perspectives.
         | 
         | We need one strong leader, a true and pure leader, to inherit
         | the mantle of past great leaders like Stalin and Peter the
         | Great. He will be God's instrument to make the hard decisions
         | and lead the nation in glorious struggle. This divinely
         | inspired leader will create unity in the world by restoring and
         | reuniting Russia itself.
         | 
         | ----
         | 
         | Where do you even begin to have a conversation when you don't
         | share the most basic of beliefs or values? There is no common
         | ground in wanting a safer, fairer, more just world. We have our
         | own foundational myths that we rarely acknowledge or
         | interrogate, and our myths don't intersect with Russia's myths
         | at all.
         | 
         | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Ilyin
        
           | Sporktacular wrote:
           | "Where do you even begin to have a conversation when you
           | don't share the most basic of beliefs or values?"
           | 
           | We can share it with the tens of thousands of educated
           | Russian opposing the 'special operation', with the thousands
           | of Russians in jail for protesting. Even with the silent
           | millions who doubt all the bullshit they hear but perhaps
           | aren't going to die on a hill over it. They all grew up with
           | the same foundational myths as the irredentists, they just
           | chose to look further.
           | 
           | It's a mistake to essentialise a country as diverse as Russia
           | but we can agree that it's also a mistake to assume almost
           | everyone wants the best for everyone else.
        
         | kmacdough wrote:
         | Reading this article, it seems entirely about taking initiative
         | changing your own approach, without an explicit expectation.
         | Asking someone else to star-man is expecting them to change for
         | you, without showing any compassion or respect for their
         | humanity or opinion. It presents a clear assumption that their
         | approach to life is wrong, and so they should adopt yours.
         | You're creating a setting where they cannot agree with you
         | without also accepting inferiority and invalidating their
         | entire life perspective. You leave no room for incremental
         | growth or self reflection.
        
           | drewcoo wrote:
           | I think the article is fluffy, pointless BS, but . . .
           | 
           | Just like steel manning, star manning is supposed to be an
           | approach you can take to show respect, not something people
           | force you to submit to.
        
         | Aunche wrote:
         | That's true, but at the same time, calling a Russian soldier a
         | selfish bastard isn't going to stop him from invading Ukraine.
         | Presumably, your goal is to motivate somewhat neutral people to
         | support Ukraine or condemn Russia. In that case, the only thing
         | you can do is to refute rationalizations used to justify the
         | invasion.
        
           | Sporktacular wrote:
           | My point isn't to build support for either side (it was just
           | an example), nor is it to accuse Russian soldiers of
           | selfishness. It's to say that we can't just assume his (or
           | anyone's) motivation is not selfish, or that there must be a
           | middle ground we will surely find through improvement to our
           | rhetorical approach.
        
         | sonjat wrote:
         | I think you are being overly negative. Being more concerned
         | with problems we are most familiar with is natural and not at
         | all a "character flaw". Caring more about people we personally
         | know than strangers isn't any kind of moral failure. The world
         | is full of suffering and problems, and it is simply impossible
         | to give the same level of concern to all. So we focus on our
         | inner circles. It isn't a "deep tribal impulse..satisfied only
         | at the exclusion of others". It is simply that the world is
         | very big with very big problems and no one, not even the
         | kindest, most caring individual among us, can give equal weight
         | to all problems and all suffering.
        
         | bravura wrote:
         | Yeah. Hurt people hurt people.
         | 
         | Many people have a spirit of benevolence, but many other people
         | have endured trauma and deeply believe that the next generation
         | must be hazed too.
        
           | switchbak wrote:
           | Yes, that probably explains the majority of violence that
           | occurs in the world.
           | 
           | There also exist a set of people that are born with wiring
           | that if not specifically counteracted can have them act in
           | violent and antisocial ways, without trauma needing to have
           | occurred.
        
           | WesleyJohnson wrote:
           | In a grossly, over-simplified nutshell, aren't people saying
           | this of Clarence Thomas?
        
           | NoZZz wrote:
           | Yet in that hazing there is blowback. I think society needs
           | therapy.
        
         | bjt2n3904 wrote:
         | > a kind of platinum rule to improve upon the golden one
         | 
         | When I read this, I scoffed a little bit. A better idea than
         | one proposed two thousand years ago? Say it isn't so! Why
         | haven't we thought of this before?
         | 
         | I think you hooked rightly on the Ukraine and Russia conflict.
         | Sometimes, there is not a "best version" of someone.
         | 
         | The author seems to reject that outright, saying we need to
         | recognize our opponents humanity in order to effectively argue,
         | with the premise that there's something good in there to tease
         | out.
         | 
         | On what basis can the author say that there's something good
         | inside? Their "humanity"? That reasoning is rather circular...
        
           | kubanczyk wrote:
           | Side remark maybe, but I prefer "benevolence" over "humanity"
           | in this context.
           | 
           | The former is (1) less etymologically confusing (ekhem...)
           | and (2) applicable to other species.
        
           | jimkleiber wrote:
           | > When I read this, I scoffed a little bit.
           | 
           | I did as well, and then paused because I've said to myself
           | that I've come up with something like this before (facepalm
           | emoji).
           | 
           | > On what basis can the author say that there's something
           | good inside? Their "humanity"?
           | 
           | I can't speak for him, however when I do this, it's not about
           | knowing for sure there's something good inside someone, it's
           | choosing to believe that there is. I don't know if I will
           | ever know someone's deepest intentions, and I have seen that
           | when I believe they have bad intentions towards me, I can
           | feel sad, angry, afraid, lonely, and more. However, when I
           | believe they have good intentions towards me, I can feel
           | grateful, safe, free, hopeful, etc. Given that I may never
           | know how they're feeling, I therefore think I can choose what
           | to believe, and by choosing to believe they have good
           | intentions, I feel better.
           | 
           | Secondly, if I believe they have bad intentions, I often
           | treat them poorly--ignore them, distrust them, attack them,
           | etc. If I believe they have good intentions, I often treat
           | them kindly--appreciate them, help them, show them how much I
           | care, etc. So if I choose to believe they have good
           | intentions, they may also be more likely to believe that I
           | have good intentions for them based on my actions.
           | 
           | This logic may fall apart if one believes that we can know
           | for certain another's deepest intentions, I just currently
           | believe we cannot.
        
         | roody15 wrote:
         | " For example, right now there are lots of Russians who think
         | it's fine to invade, kill and steal, not for safety, fairness
         | or justice for everyone. They just want better for their
         | tribe."
         | 
         | I think is a way oversimplification of geopolitical situation
         | in Ukraine and Russian motives.
         | 
         | Just my two cents
        
           | mcguire wrote:
           | I believe they were specifically referring to the behavior of
           | Russian soldiers who were reportedly sending valuable objects
           | from Ukraine back to their relatives as well as executing
           | civilians.
        
           | leaflets2 wrote:
           | > a way oversimplification
           | 
           | Indeed, not all but some of the attackers instead want to
           | kill the men and rape the women in Ukraine -- rather than
           | caring that much about their own tribe.
           | 
           | Some double digit percentage of the male population whether
           | you are, starts doing that, if they have the chance.
           | 
           | It's reproduction, evolution, been going on for hundreds of
           | thousands of years
           | 
           | "Star man"
        
           | Sporktacular wrote:
           | Sure, but I'm not trying to capture the geopolitical
           | situation there. It's only an example. Some people do think
           | this way (for example displaying the Z as a tribal symbol)
           | and that's enough reason to not just assume charitability or
           | altruism on another's part.
           | 
           | IMO it's an oversimplification to do otherwise.
        
           | causi wrote:
           | Not by as much as you might think when your standards have
           | been informed by more conventional models of state-led evil.
           | Vranyo is a cultural disease whose impact cannot be
           | overstated. I'll leave it to a Russian to explain:
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d1pOahq4TCk
        
           | deelly wrote:
           | Oversimplification from which point of view? Russians,
           | Ukrainians, or some outside observer?
        
             | malwrar wrote:
             | I think OP means Russia's actions are much better
             | understood by their national interest and history, rather
             | than by the individual barbarity of their troops. Russia
             | should not be in Ukraine and should not be firing missiles
             | into population centers, but they are. Their reasons for
             | doing so appear more complicated than mere evil.
             | 
             | To be explicit, if you count conflicts from Napoleon on up
             | to WWII, from Russia's perspective they have fought defense
             | wars on the north european plains once every ~33 years.
             | Their greatest existential threat is a united europe, who
             | frequently meddle in its affairs and approach further by
             | way of NATO expansion despite in some cases explicitly
             | promising otherwise. Ukraine, a previous warsaw pact
             | country, is a prospective NATO member who not only
             | represents a convenient corridor into Russia but also
             | controls a large stretch of coast (Russia wants this) and
             | has massive plains for food production and tank conveyance.
             | 
             | Under this interpretation, Russia seeks to resist expansion
             | of a european alliance composed of several former enemies
             | and retain access to key strategic locations outside its
             | borders. Russia's motives are much more tangible under this
             | perspective, and who knows maybe there's a solution we're
             | not seeing from that perspective than one that places
             | outsized emphasis on individual atrocities. It's a war,
             | after all, and doesn't appear to be stopping despite the
             | upset faces of spectators.
        
               | xdennis wrote:
               | > To be explicit, if you count conflicts from Napoleon on
               | up to WWII, from Russia's perspective they have fought
               | defense wars on the north european plains once every ~33
               | years.
               | 
               | Between Napoleon and the present day Russia has only been
               | invaded twice. By countries trying to liberate themselves
               | in WW1 from the Russian Empire, and by Germany and others
               | in WW2 (also partially a liberation, e.g. Romania tried
               | to liberate the territories which Russia annexed at the
               | start of the war).
               | 
               | > Their greatest existential threat is a united europe,
               | who frequently meddle in its affairs.
               | 
               | Russia has constantly tried to annex everybody (even
               | Putin jokes about this) and you cry about "meddling".
               | Nobody would be meddling in Russian affairs if Russia was
               | broken up like Austria (the previous Jail of Nations).
        
               | drewcoo wrote:
               | People always conveniently forget that time the US
               | invaded the USSR.
               | 
               | https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/yes-it-
               | true-1918-amer...
               | 
               | And wasn't that Romanian land given to the USSR by
               | Germany in the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact? So the Nazis were
               | "liberating" land they had already agreed to give to
               | someone else.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_
               | Pac...
               | 
               | These are two minor points. They both, though, serve to
               | show that you're lacking a grounding in the very history
               | you're trying to swat aside.
        
               | ROTMetro wrote:
               | You make a reasoned argument why Russia might want to
               | invade Ukraine while ignoring Russia's actual actions.
               | Russia keeps changing it's stated 'reasons', with
               | Russian's themselves saying the silent part you ignore
               | out loud. They say Ukraine is not a real country,
               | Ukrainians are not a separate people from Russians, and
               | that because Ukraine tried to go it's own way it must be
               | folded back into mother Russia and along with Belarus
               | create a new slavic union. Ukrainian is being removed
               | from the schools in Russian conquered land. Ukrainian
               | books are being removed. Russia has human trafficked 2
               | million people from Ukraine to Russia at this point. None
               | of that is to protect Russia from NATO. Why do you cover
               | Russia's visible actions with a pretty pretense? Russia
               | has said it is fine with Finland joining NATO, greatly
               | expanding NATO on Russia's border. Your argument makes no
               | sense outside the theoretical paragraphs in which you
               | write it.
        
               | malwrar wrote:
               | > Why do you cover Russia's visible actions with a pretty
               | pretense?
               | 
               | Some of Russia's individual politicians and news outlets
               | no doubt have genuine nationalistic motivations
               | surrounding Ukraine, but it is not clear to me that these
               | are the predominant motives for spending Russian lives
               | and risking Russian security by engaging their forces in
               | an armed conflict. The rhetoric and actions you cite is
               | probably believed and condoned by an increasingly nonzero
               | percentage of the population, but I'm personally not
               | convinced these are much more than pretexts useful to the
               | state in providing political cover to what is ultimately
               | a sovereign chess move (prevent Ukraine from joining
               | NATO, demotivate it and others from future attempts).
               | Russia benefited massively by their previous USSR-era
               | relationship with the surrounding baltic states, and
               | Putin, a former USSR man, has said [1] that the breakup
               | of the warsaw pact was one of Russia's greatest
               | geopolitical tragedies. I believe his greatest defensive
               | focus is on re-establishing a buffer zone between it and
               | western powers, and likely it's longer term goals include
               | acquisition of warm water ports and influence over the
               | oil trade.
               | 
               | This does, of course, not justify any of Russia's actions
               | on a moral basis. I expect many Russian officials will be
               | tried and convicted of war crimes. It merely provides a
               | basis by which european leaders/armchair presidents (me)
               | can ground Russia's actions and plot countermoves.
               | 
               | > Russia has said it is fine with Finland joining NATO,
               | greatly expanding NATO on Russia's border.
               | 
               | Not even a year ago Russia implied a military consequence
               | if Finland was to join NATO [2]. A few months after this
               | statement was given Russia invaded Ukraine, though this
               | ironically emboldened Finlanders into being majority in
               | favor of joining NATO.
               | 
               | [1]: https://www.amazon.com/Revenge-Geography-Coming-
               | Conflicts-Ag... (can't find a source for the exact quote,
               | but cited in chapter 2).
               | 
               | [2]: https://www.wionews.com/world/russia-warns-nato-
               | against-incl...
        
               | ROTMetro wrote:
               | Your response in no way explains why you choose only NATO
               | expansion as a cause (and thus pushing the blame on the
               | west) but ignore Russia's many comments that they are
               | protecting ethnic Russian speakers (which does not make
               | NATO the ones ultimately responsible for forcing Russia
               | to take action) and denazifying the country. Why is that?
               | Are we not to take Putin at his word but instead your tea
               | reading skills? Why does your simplification take all
               | responsibility for a war waged without a specific NATO
               | triggering action by a non-NATO leader and place it on
               | NATO?
               | 
               | Sounds like pushing a narrative of western/NATO blame for
               | a war Putin chose on his terms/his time, without any
               | specific NATO trigger event forcing Putin's hand at this
               | time.
               | 
               | Those individual politicians and state media are
               | mouthpieces for authoritarian Putin, but you respond as
               | if Russian politicians have their own agency and Russian
               | media are CNN and not so controlled that they face
               | imprisonment if they call the current war a war.
               | 
               | BTW Russia no longer keeps up the pretense that what
               | occured in the eastern occupied territories was
               | spontaneous, but admits in obituaries online that
               | soldiers killed in the current conflict are being
               | 'honored' for their service in the '2014 Ukraine'
               | operation and '2014 Maiden' operation. What prompted that
               | Russian sponsored uprising? Ukraine coming closer to the
               | EU, then at the last minute having their corrupt
               | politicians trying to switch to a Russian economic block,
               | nothing to with NATO. Also, autonomy for Russian
               | speakers.
               | 
               | So 2014 actual Russian military involvement in taking
               | control of 10% of Ukraine? Not in response to NATO but to
               | Russia losing their Ukrainian puppet leader.
               | 
               | Verbally stated current reasons, only partially related
               | to NATO. Just as much stemming from a desire to continue
               | the 2014 actual conflict (in the guise of
               | protecting/freeing ethnic Russian lands) which was not
               | related to NATO.
               | 
               | You also ignore Russian aggression in Transistria (A war,
               | that Russia supported, that Russia sent troops to
               | maintain post conflict) where again NATO was not raised
               | as the issue, but ethnic Russians = Russian interest.
               | 
               | Russia calls Ukraine Little Russia. Russia says Ukraine
               | is not a real country, does not have a real culture.
               | Russia says anywhere Russians live is Russia. But your
               | response is 'NATO' because your reading of the tea leaves
               | indicates it.
               | 
               | Your argument is nothing but whitewashing an
               | authoritarian rulers decision to go to war.
               | 
               | If you enjoy Putin quotes here's a good one...
               | 
               | "Don't believe those who try to frighten you with Russia
               | and who scream that other regions will follow after
               | Crimea," said Putin on Tuesday, going some way to
               | allaying those fears. "We do not want a partition of
               | Ukraine. We do not need this." The Guardian March 18
               | 2014. Notice this was after the 2008 NATO application
               | from Ukraine. Putin does not say 'Unless Ukraine
               | continues down a path towards NATO alignment'.
        
               | atmosx wrote:
               | > Sounds like pushing a narrative of western/NATO blame
               | for a war Putin chose on his terms/his time, without any
               | specific NATO trigger event forcing Putin's hand at this
               | time.
               | 
               | Henry A. Kissinger is pushing the same narrative. Would
               | you call HAK poorly informed on the matter?
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | I would say that Henry Kissinger and John Mearsheimer
               | have strong biases in favor of "Great Power" theory,
               | which at its basis denies smaller, weaker countries in
               | the "area of influence" of a great power any kind of
               | autonomy. Mearsheimer has spent much of his career
               | developing and extolling great power politics and, well,
               | Henry Kissinger is Henry Kissinger
               | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangular_diplomacy).
               | 
               | One notes that Russia is a great power only because of
               | its nuclear arsenal; that is, in fact, what separates the
               | great powers from weak countries that have any
               | independence only at the pleasure of the nearest great
               | power. That should concern you if you are fan of nuclear
               | non-proliferation, by the way.
        
               | atmosx wrote:
               | > I would say that Henry Kissinger and John Mearsheimer
               | have strong biases in favor [...]
               | 
               | I would take Kissinger's view on the topic seriously,
               | same way I'd take Knuth's opinion on typesetting
               | seriously - to make analogy. The fact that I might agree
               | or not should not cloud my judgement or yours.
               | 
               | Calling Kissinger biased is smokescreen: everybody is
               | biased.
        
               | Sporktacular wrote:
               | ROTMetro was making a moral statement about Russian
               | aggression. Henry Kissinger can be as omniscient as God
               | himself and that still wouldn't be a counter to a moral
               | claim.
               | 
               | Never underestimate Kissinger's inability to consider
               | what Mearsheimer calls 'the moral dimension'. That's more
               | than a bias. That he holds an ammoral, great-power world
               | view to back up his psychopathically immoral actions over
               | the years should surprise no one - millions of needless
               | deaths can arguably be laid at his feet.
               | 
               | Maybe keep those limitations in mind if you intend to
               | defer to him on Ukraine/Russia.
        
               | Sporktacular wrote:
               | You starmanning an entire invasion force makes my point
               | perfectly.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | stevenally wrote:
               | The problem being that until the invasion NATO was
               | falling apart because Western Europeans didn't see Russia
               | as a threat. Even Ukraine didn't believe Russia would
               | invade. So... Putin has made the Russian position worse.
               | He will have a very heavily armed Ukraine on his western
               | flank, with or without NATO backing. Behind them he will
               | have a newly rearmed Germany.
        
               | sacrosancty wrote:
               | > firing missiles into population centers, but they are.
               | Their reasons for doing so appear more complicated than
               | mere evil.
               | 
               | From what I heard, they do this because their whole way
               | of fighting was designed around land wars with neighbors
               | which is where huge quantities of artillary and "dumb"
               | rockets are cheap enough to transport by land but have to
               | flatten large areas to be effective. In contrast, the US
               | fights mostly overseas so they want more mobile weapons
               | which also means more efficiently targetted. And now we
               | have a convenient "moral" idea that precision weapons are
               | good and broad-desctruction weapons are "bad". That moral
               | just happens to favor the west, today. It wasn't like
               | that back in WWI and WWII so back then, westeners didn't
               | care about such morality - they wouldn't be able to place
               | themselves on top.
               | 
               | Whenever people start making moral judgements based on
               | ideas like war crimes, human rights, or terrorism, I feel
               | they're blinded by the fact that these concepts
               | conveniently favor western countries and their
               | capabilities so it suits us to think they're what makes a
               | country "good".
        
               | Sporktacular wrote:
               | "Their greatest existential threat is a united europe,
               | who frequently meddle in its affairs and approach further
               | by way of NATO expansion despite in some cases explicitly
               | promising otherwise."
               | 
               | This is a lie. 'not one inch eastward' never referred to
               | NATO expansion to other countries. At least according to
               | the man who received it, Gorbachev.
               | 
               | If interference in a neighbours affairs and then
               | threatening the very existence of that neighbour are
               | undesirable then I'm sure you'll agree there is no more
               | apt example of the silliness of starmanning some Russians
               | who support its present expansionist actions.
               | 
               | You can seek all the interpretations your want. The
               | example wa to illustrate my point that there's no
               | rhetorical solution to find between an imperialist
               | wanting some land and the sovereign nation holding it.
               | Not between the adversarial geopolitical leaders and not
               | between victims' families and war criminals.
        
         | googlryas wrote:
         | I watched a security video recently of 3 random people in a
         | convenience store. The store clerk has some kind of medical
         | issue, passes out and falls down.
         | 
         | The 3 random people decide that now they can rob the store with
         | impunity, take a bunch of stuff, and then leave the clerk on
         | the floor. Eventually someone else came in and helped the
         | clerk, but it wasn't like those 3 people were part of some
         | psychopath convention. They just independently decided that
         | getting about $20 worth of free stuff was a better option than
         | calling 911 or checking on the man.
        
         | 5040 wrote:
         | >I've met a lot of people whose concern for others drops off
         | sharply beyond their own family and friends.
         | 
         | This is why Hierocles the Stoic had the right idea when he
         | pushed people to move one circle over. This is a far more
         | practical goal than striving for a "just world".
         | 
         |  _Each one of us is as it were entirely encompassed by many
         | circles, some smaller, others larger, the latter enclosing the
         | former on the basis of their different and unequal dispositions
         | relative to each other. The first and closest circle is the one
         | which a person has drawn as though around a centre, his own
         | mind. This circle encloses the body and anything taken for the
         | sake of the body. For it is virtually the smallest circle, and
         | almost touches the centre itself. Next, the second one further
         | removed from the centre but enclosing the first circle; this
         | contains parents, siblings, wife, and children. The third one
         | has in it uncles and aunts, grandparents, nephews, nieces, and
         | cousins. The next circle includes the other relatives, and this
         | is followed by the circle of local residents, then the circle
         | of fellow-tribes-men, next that of fellow-citizens, and then in
         | the same way the circle of people from neighbouring towns, and
         | the circle of fellow-countrymen. The outermost and largest
         | circle, which encompasses all the rest, is that of the whole
         | human race._
         | 
         |  _Once these have all been surveyed, it is the task of a well
         | tempered man, in his proper treatment of each group, to draw
         | the circles together somehow towards the centre, and to keep
         | zealously transferring those from the enclosing circles into
         | the enclosed ones ... It is incumbent on us to respect people
         | from the third circle as if they were those from the second,
         | and again to respect our other relatives as if they were those
         | from the third circle. For although the greater distance in
         | blood will remove some affection, we must still try hard to
         | assimilate them. The right point will be reached if, through
         | our own initiative, we reduce the distance of the relationship
         | with each person._
        
           | Sporktacular wrote:
           | I think we can try to improve kinship and simultaneously
           | strive for a more just world. They probably enhance each
           | other.
           | 
           | The problem with nationalism is the effort stops once the
           | circle encompasses 'your' people (or in the Ukraine/Russia
           | conflict, forces those outside to accept they are on the
           | inside).
        
             | mcguire wrote:
             | I recently saw some discussion of the various bits of news
             | out of Hungary to the effect that political leaders there
             | want to go beyond Hungarian nationalism towards Hungarian
             | racialism.
        
               | pstuart wrote:
               | The GOP is quite enamored with where Hungary is going.
               | Case in point: having Viktor Orban speak at CPAC.
        
           | jpdenford wrote:
           | > The outermost and largest circle, which encompasses all the
           | rest, is that of the whole human race.
           | 
           | Interesting, I think there are at least a couple more outer
           | rings which encompass non-human animals too. In western
           | culture we've decided a smaller ring goes around pets (dogs,
           | cats), and then maybe farm animals then sea creatures.
           | Hopefully we can "draw these circles together" too.
        
         | nonrandomstring wrote:
         | "you'll be hard-pressed to find someone who wouldn't want a
         | safer, fairer, more just world for everyone if they could get
         | it"
         | 
         | As an optimist and humanist, a shocking revelation for me was
         | hearing of the "Truth and Reconciliation Commission" in South
         | Africa. (I think via a talk by Chomsky or Zizek)
         | 
         | Many atrocities were committed by both sides during the
         | Apartheid era. Enough said.
         | 
         | Years later the Government of National Unity wanted to heal the
         | country, to bury festering resentments and feuds. Perpetrators
         | and victims were brought together under supervision to talk
         | openly and work toward forgiveness. It's a great idea in
         | principle. Although the commission is widely considered
         | successful, a strange thing occurred, something that we also
         | buried at the Nuremberg trials.
         | 
         | A quite small but significant group were not merely
         | unrepentant, they used the commission as a platform to attack
         | and abuse their victims again. "I'm really glad I tortured your
         | children, let me tell you about how they screamed", and so on.
         | 
         | Sure, always aim to "star man" in debate, but one must be hard
         | enough underneath to expect occasionally to be shot out of the
         | sky, not by an uncharitable or entrenched interlocutor but by
         | an plain old evil asshole. They exist. They're not
         | "psychopaths" or even "trolls", but get a thrill out of acting
         | so as to add chaos and pain to the world.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truth_and_Reconciliation_Commi...
        
         | jimkleiber wrote:
         | > "If you doubt this, ask around. I wager you'll be hard-
         | pressed to find someone who wouldn't want a safer, fairer, more
         | just world for everyone if they could get it."
         | 
         | I wonder if more people actually want others to see our
         | humanity than us to see the humanity of others. I would
         | strongly bet on that actually.
         | 
         | I think a lot of people whose concern for others drops off
         | sharply beyond their own family and friends believe that others
         | don't have concern for them. It can become a preemptive
         | indifference: they don't care about me, why should I care about
         | them.
         | 
         | What I want to work on and help people realize is that I care
         | about you, even if I don't know you. And the work I do to get
         | there is often me realizing how much people care about me.
         | Maybe this is what he's getting at with the starman concept, to
         | flip ourselves from thinking others are trying to hurt us and
         | reacting to them with hatred or indifference, to believing they
         | actually care about us.
         | 
         | And I agree that many people may not want to do this, so I'm
         | mostly just trying to do it for myself. I wonder if his
         | argument would have come off differently if instead of telling
         | people what they should do, he said these are the tools he
         | employs and how they work in his life.
        
         | foobiekr wrote:
         | I may be unlucky, but I have met a number of people who are not
         | just selfish or tribal but actively sadistic. They would do
         | something that does not benefit them if it meant discomfort and
         | disadvantage for their outgroup. This is a little beyond just
         | disinterest or lack of consideration, they actively prefer it.
         | These are people who are constrained only by the rule of law,
         | such as it is.
         | 
         | One of the companies I worked for seemingly attracted this type
         | of personality. Of the people like this I've met (and been
         | actually very cautious around), maybe 90% worked at that
         | specific company.
        
           | kmacdough wrote:
           | I've found this tends to come from life experience suggesting
           | this is the only way to survive. It can be incredibly
           | difficult to come at this from a place of compassion, but
           | I've found that when I do - when I create real value in their
           | lives through acts of community and cooperation - I can
           | slowly open a door for them to see other ways. It takes time
           | and a lot of compassion. But it's totally doable, and it can
           | feel real good to see people build compassion from nothing.
        
           | pstuart wrote:
           | "The cruelty is the point" is very real. Hurts my heart.
        
             | jimkleiber wrote:
             | yeah :-( I see it as "I'm hurting so much, I want you to
             | also hurt." or "I want you to know the pain I feel."
             | 
             | I think we underestimate how much other people are
             | suffering (mostly because most cultures I know teach us not
             | to cry) and feel our own pain, therefore inflicting pain on
             | them to try to equalize it. I think an easier (and less
             | pain-inducing) way is for us to just get better at sharing
             | our suffering.
        
         | cratermoon wrote:
         | Even when individuals act with charity and compassion, they act
         | according to their beliefs, interests, and needs. As Reinhold
         | Niebuhr described in _Moral Man and Immoral Society_ , a group
         | of individuals acting according to shared interests, even when
         | doing so compassionately, will inevitably come into conflict
         | with other groups, socially or militaristically, when those
         | interests conflict.
        
       | rendall wrote:
       | I invited the author on Twitter to participate here on HN, and he
       | said:
       | 
       | > _Haha that's a lot of commentary to field, but if you're in
       | there with everyone you can tell them I'm happy to take questions
       | or have deeper discussions in a livestream or something like
       | that._
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/StrangelEdweird/status/15515497699311697...
       | 
       | > _I also see a few people misunderstanding /misinterpreting
       | #starmanning as being a replacement for steel-manning. It's meant
       | as an addendum. Steel-manning is about the argument; star-manning
       | is about the arguer._
       | 
       | > _And there are no exceptions to it. Everyone can be star-
       | manned._
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/StrangelEdweird/status/15515500388574494...
        
       | immigrantheart wrote:
       | Doesn't this require understanding from both sides? Most online
       | discourses are not like this, hence both sides are incentivized
       | to just straw man it.
        
       | Aunche wrote:
       | >If someone posits, for example, that universal basic income
       | (UBI) could ameliorate the loss of jobs due to automation, a
       | straw man would be, "So you want people to sit at home all day
       | and collect free money?"
       | 
       | I don't see how this is a strawman. UBI literally lets people
       | receive free money even if they sit at home all day. At some
       | level, a UBI proponent has to "want" this outcome. If you think
       | that UBI wouldn't cause people to leave the workforce, that's a
       | separate argument.
        
         | WillDaSilva wrote:
         | There's a significant difference between "so you want people to
         | sit at home all day and collect free money", and "so you want
         | the people who sit at home all day to collect free money".
         | 
         | The former is a clear misrepresentation of the views of most
         | UBI proponents. The latter is an accurate part of their views,
         | albeit a loaded/(mis)leading statement.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | mynameishere wrote:
         | It is technically a strawman because the interlocutor never
         | said that--so you are arguing with something that wasn't said.
         | If you phrased it, "While I have considered the possible
         | advantages of your point, I, by contrast, am against UBI
         | because it will obviously incentivize idleness," that would be
         | both correct and not a logical fallacy.
         | 
         | The poster is splitting hairs, of course.
        
         | ParetoOptimal wrote:
         | Wanting UBI can be purely driven by a desire of a better world
         | and belief that people will contribute _more_ to society on
         | average given space and resources to think and catch their
         | breath.
         | 
         | Just because a minority might "sit at home all day and collect
         | free money" doesn't mean the UBI proponent wants it on any
         | level.
         | 
         | Projecting this want onto the proponent as part of their
         | argument makes it a strawman.
        
         | mikelevins wrote:
         | It's a strawman because one doesn't have to want people to sit
         | at home all day in order to advocate UBI.
         | 
         | An advocate might disagree (rightly or wrongly) that UBI will
         | necessarily lead to people sitting at home all day.
         | 
         | An advocate might agree that some people sitting at home all
         | day is a possible undesirable outcome of UBI, but might be
         | willing to tolerate that risk in order to achieve some other
         | outcome that they consider more important. that doesn't mean
         | they want that outcome; just that they are willing to tolerate
         | it if it happens, as long as the expected benefits are also
         | possible.
         | 
         | An advocate might even agree that some people sitting at home
         | all day is a necessary and undesirable consequence, but be
         | willing to tolerate it, in order to achieve another desirable
         | outcome.
         | 
         | All of these positions are logically possible for a rational
         | person to hold, so long as they don't know them to be wrong.
         | None of them require that person to desire people to sit at
         | home all day.
         | 
         | Therefore we cannot conclude from UBI advocacy that the
         | advocate desires people to sit at home all day, which means
         | that claiming they must is a strawman.
        
           | Aunche wrote:
           | >None of them require that person to desire people to sit at
           | home all day.
           | 
           | I think this is a strawman to the anti-UBI camp's question.
           | 
           | "So you want people to sit at home all day and collect free
           | money?"
           | 
           | If that was phrased as a assertion, then I'd agree with you
           | that it's undeniably a strawman. It may be a disingenuous
           | question, but if you're starmaning them it's not difficult
           | that understand why someone would ask such a question in good
           | faith. The asker thinks that it's a universal assumption that
           | giving people free money will cause them to not work, so
           | they're genuinely perplexed a proposal to give people free
           | money.
        
             | mikelevins wrote:
             | Fair enough.
        
         | Arkhaine_kupo wrote:
         | > I don't see how this is a strawman.
         | 
         | Because it is an absurd mischaracterisation of the benefits
         | people see in UBI and most proposals for it.
         | 
         | > UBI literally lets people receive free money even if they sit
         | at home all day.
         | 
         | See this is where nuance starts showing the straw. There is an
         | important and significant difference between "you want UBI so
         | you can sit at home and do nothing" and "even if you did
         | nothing UBI would still cover you." One of the differences is
         | intent. If you want UBI because you are lazy, is a very
         | different situation from, you wanted UBI for good reasons but
         | ended up using it while unemployed.
         | 
         | > At some level, a UBI proponent has to "want" this outcome.
         | 
         | Some proponents of UBI do not want it to cover rent + food +
         | bills. So no, some proponents do not want that. Some just want
         | to simplify goverment aid into a single payment. Some want the
         | residuals of automation to be shared by all. In either case it
         | would hardly cover for people to be sitting at home doing
         | nothing.
        
           | Aunche wrote:
           | >There is an important and significant difference between
           | "you want UBI so you can sit at home and do nothing" and
           | "even if you did nothing UBI would still cover you."
           | 
           | I would agree if that were what the author's example, but it
           | wasn't. The author's statement wasn't a direct attack on the
           | UBI proponent.
           | 
           | >Some proponents of UBI do not want it to cover rent + food +
           | bills. So no, some proponents do not want that.
           | 
           | If you're proposing UBI as protecting people from automation
           | like the author is, it necessarily has to cover all basic
           | expenses. By far the most popular UBI proposal in the US
           | proposes $12000 a year, which is definitely enough for you to
           | find a spare room in Kansas and play videogames all day.
        
             | Arkhaine_kupo wrote:
             | > The author's statement wasn't a direct attack on the UBI
             | proponent.
             | 
             | I think it was though. It's hard to read "ySo you want
             | people to sit at home all day and collect free money" as
             | anything but free leeching, lazy, people who don't deserve
             | the money (obviously heavily reading between the lines).
             | 
             | While your version "UBI literally lets people receive free
             | money even if they sit at home all day." has several
             | advatanges, by using passive voice and saying "even" you
             | take a huge chunk of UBI receivers and make the "abuse" of
             | the system not malicious.
             | 
             | That's kind of the point of the article. Sometimes tone
             | alone can bridge the gap between a mean, angry, unfair
             | reading of an argument or a positive, best version, good
             | intentioned reading. Yours doesn't go as far as being super
             | fair on what many UBI people want, but it is certainly more
             | charitable than the strawmanned version.
             | 
             | > By far the most popular UBI proposal in the US proposes
             | 
             | Arguing with someone over the benefits of UBI and trying to
             | understand where they come from does not requiere knowledge
             | of the currently proposed version of it. I want universal
             | healthcare but could not give you intricate examples of the
             | working of the multi-insurance service in France vs the
             | fully public system in England.
             | 
             | The 12k proposal in the US I am sure is based on some
             | analysis of cost of living, and tech business growth and
             | what not. But it might not be universal. UBI proponents in
             | general want to simplify goverment aid, help lessen the
             | problems of automation and prepare society for post
             | scarcity. These three groups sometimes have very different
             | aims, goals and even starting points they just all happen
             | to want UBI.
        
               | Aunche wrote:
               | >It's hard to read "ySo you want people to sit at home
               | all day and collect free money" as anything but free
               | leeching, lazy, people who don't deserve the money
               | (obviously heavily reading between the lines).
               | 
               | It's hard to read because everyone has their own implicit
               | assumptions. The anti-UBI advocate thinks it's an
               | universal assumption that giving people free money makes
               | them lazy. They're genuinely perplexed by UBI advocates,
               | motivating them to ask "So you want people to sit at home
               | all day and collect free money?" From your perspective,
               | this question must be an implicit accusation of laziness
               | even when they may think it's a genuine question.
        
         | trasz wrote:
         | >UBI literally lets people receive free money even if they sit
         | at home all day.
         | 
         | So it's no different from a business investment then.
        
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