[HN Gopher] Spain will introduce free train travel
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Spain will introduce free train travel
        
       Author : donohoe
       Score  : 408 points
       Date   : 2022-07-23 15:33 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bloomberg.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bloomberg.com)
        
       | fulvioterzapi wrote:
       | > The new plan has some limitations. While Germany's 9-euro ($9)
       | passes cover all public transit except faster train services,
       | Spain will restrict itself to regional and suburban rail
       | services, which are not as extensive as they are in Germany.
       | While it might be technically possible to travel across Spain
       | using only regional trains, it would not necessarily be easy
       | because the slower network is quite patchy.
       | 
       | To be honest the German situation is not so different from the
       | Spanish one.
       | 
       | Going from Munich to Berlin with the 9-euro ticket requires from
       | 3 to 6 changes, and from 10 to 15 hours.
        
         | xcambar wrote:
         | I think it is expected to be somewhat complex, considering
         | you're using regional trains only. These trains serve a
         | different purpose compared to national lines.
         | 
         | I would be incapable of finding an easy regional journey
         | between major cities in the countries I can think of.
        
       | marsven_422 wrote:
        
       | victor9000 wrote:
       | I think the sweet spot is to charge a nominal fee as opposed to
       | making it outright free. We tried free in Seattle and it resulted
       | in buses full of nuisance activity such as drug use, harassment,
       | violence, toilet use, and other unpleasantries that resulted in a
       | lot of people avoiding transit altogether.
        
         | kwhitefoot wrote:
         | If you have a large number of people for whom a free bus is the
         | only reasonable shelter then that is what will happen. Most
         | European countries deal with homelessness, drug addiction,
         | etc., differently. So I'm not sure that the experience is
         | transferable.
        
           | victor9000 wrote:
           | Unfortunately the majority of Seattle's homeless population
           | actively refuses proper shelter or assistance [1], but if
           | that's different in Spain then I can see how it would lead to
           | different outcomes.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.q13fox.com/news/report-more-than-half-of-
           | homeles...
        
       | JumpCrisscross wrote:
       | The difference between pennies and free is substantial. For
       | tourists, navigating each system's ticketing system is a pain.
       | Even as a New Yorker, the antiquated paper mechanisms of the
       | AirTrain are often enough to nudge me into a car.
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | As someone who was traveling a lot pre-pandemic and does tend
         | to take public transit when there are good options available--I
         | am always shocked at just how bad so many ticketing systems are
         | for someone who is unfamiliar, may very well be tired/stressed,
         | and may not even speak the language. It's not even just the
         | ticketing. It can also be which piece of paper goes into the
         | turnstile etc.--while the people lined up behind you are
         | getting increasingly annoyed.
         | 
         | Heck, after not using for quite a while, the contactless
         | ticketing in my home-ish city wouldn't work for me for unclear
         | reasons when I tried to take the subway and I ended buying a
         | new card.
        
           | kwhitefoot wrote:
           | Every bus company that I have used in recent years (UK,
           | Norway) has an app that allows for route planning and buying
           | tickets. In many cases it is an umbrella app that covers all
           | transport in a given region. So if you have a smartphone
           | there is no paper ticket.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | So as someone who has just arrived you only need to
             | download an app somehow and register with it.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | diegoholiveira wrote:
       | The myth of free stuff. Love it.
        
         | chris-orgmenta wrote:
         | I think we all have an understanding that this is through
         | taxpayer (corporate or resident) money. Is it really a myth?
         | Free, in this context, is implied and inferred as 'the consumer
         | doesn't pay directly for the ticket'. There is no trickery
         | here.
        
       | zagrebian wrote:
       | Did anyone else misread it as "free time travel"?
        
       | ErneX wrote:
       | AFAIK this only temporarily to try to alleviate inflation, so
       | shrug.
        
         | spaniard89277 wrote:
         | I'm not hoping in a train and travelling free to Madrid. This
         | applies to ciertain rail pass used mostly by workers.
         | 
         | The thing is that renfe has been closing many medium travel
         | lines outside Madrid and Barcelona in exchange of HSR, so in
         | reality everyone else is subsidizing Madrid and Barcelona...
        
         | escapecharacter wrote:
         | My fantasy when it comes to temporary measures like these is
         | that no one will be willing to take the political hit to take
         | them away.
        
           | ErneX wrote:
           | Problem is when they are afraid to revert this change and
           | then the outcome is the trains getting lack of maintenance
           | for lack of funds.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | pagutierrezn wrote:
       | More remote work might be better than free mobility to reduce
       | fuel consumption
        
       | TedShiller wrote:
       | Spain will introduce worse trains and worse service
        
       | Taylor_OD wrote:
       | Pretty cool. Imagine if it was free to get around. Right now in
       | the US we have a shit tier system. You can get to a lot of places
       | on a mega bus for cheap. But you will hate every second of it.
       | 
       | I wish all public transit was free as well as Amtrak's.
        
       | franciscop wrote:
       | I live in Tokyo now, but I'm from Valencia, Spain. I knew the
       | train there was bad when the local subway network, called
       | "metrovalencia", was known locally as "metrovalenshit" (there's
       | even a twitter @metrovalenshit), but compared to other cities or
       | specially Tokyo it's like a toy. In here (Tokyo) they make major
       | station changes without even disrupting traffic[1], the only time
       | traffic is disrupted meaningfully is when there's a major
       | earthquake/typhoon.
       | 
       | Back in Valencia, the gvmt started building a new line, but then
       | they abandoned it for over a decade. In some weekends with strong
       | rains it floods. At least we got to see really beautiful pictures
       | when someone entered and navigated with a boat! Multiple times
       | across the years[2][3].
       | 
       | If you go a bit more local (smaller towns) and want to take a bus
       | that is scheduled every 20 min, you go to the bus stop and hope
       | that one will come within the next hour. We had to help a
       | foreigner once that was gonna miss her flight since she was
       | waiting for over an hour with no sight of a bus.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_BYW4YYqG5A
       | 
       | [2]
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20130111154819/http://www.goodfe...
       | 
       | [3] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=022pgffEy6A
        
         | kh_hk wrote:
         | Apples to oranges, I am sorry to put it so bluntly. I agree we
         | should strive for better transportation and services overall,
         | but comparing Tokyo with Valencia?
        
         | Fargren wrote:
         | One thing that I have noticed about Spanish natives in my five
         | years of living in Spain, is this frequent comparison with
         | every other richer country.
         | 
         | By almost every measure, life in Spain is great. Public
         | transport is great, but you compare it with Japan which is the
         | best in the world. Security is great, but you compare it with
         | Luxembourg. Unemployment and salaries are... OK, above average
         | at least, but you compare it with Germany.
         | 
         | Spain has issues, but every other country does too. There's a
         | reason "eramos felices y no lo sabiamos" is a Spanish
         | expression... I really wish people here would appreciate how
         | good they have it.
        
           | franciscop wrote:
           | You are mixing being happy with being in a country with great
           | economy/salary/transport/etc.
           | 
           | e.g. the job situation is ridiculously bad, and that's not a
           | "compare" thing, it just is. I've seen people break down
           | crying in class in my degree that hated it and studied it
           | only because it's one of the few that you were kinda promised
           | employment when you finished. Many friends all around Europe,
           | or jobless for long stretchs of time, depending on their
           | family.
           | 
           | I have similar anecdotes for how transportation or security
           | can be troublesome in Spain.
           | 
           | Sure you can be happy with little, as Spaniards normally do,
           | but that doesn't mean everything is great or we shouldn't try
           | to do better. How do we improve if we don't see the problems
           | within?
        
         | superchroma wrote:
         | Well, in fairness, I think just about every rail line on this
         | planet pales in comparison to the reliability and quality of
         | Tokyo rail operations.
        
           | ben-schaaf wrote:
           | The Swiss are probably in contention.
        
           | franciscop wrote:
           | True, I'm just saying that while I knew other
           | cities/countries were better, but I didn't really _know_ how
           | many orders of magnitude better until I lived in Tokyo. It
           | wasn 't until I left the pond that I learned that there was
           | not only a lake, but an ocean.
        
         | wumpus wrote:
         | I recently did Madrid-Granada and back via train, it was a
         | great experience.
        
         | Scarbutt wrote:
         | Most countries are going to be bad when compared to Japan.
         | Japan is also the third largest economy.
        
           | hanoz wrote:
           | The UK is the fifth largest and almost every public service
           | is a complete omnishambles.
        
             | andrewaylett wrote:
             | On the topic at hand, though: Scotland has recently
             | introduced free bus travel for resident under 25s, which is
             | really useful. When I was that age I'd always take the bus
             | over to Glasgow, because it was cheaper than the train.
             | Between long-distance and local bus services, my teens can
             | get most places in Scotland reasonably easily. And even
             | down to Berwick or Carlisle, although they'd need to pay to
             | go any further into England.
        
             | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
             | I suggest dealing with the US healthcare system, or try
             | taking public transportation in literally any city in the
             | US and compare it to London.
        
               | buzzert wrote:
               | The US healthcare system is not a public service. Nor are
               | the trains in Tokyo.
        
               | bogomipz wrote:
               | Sure, then let's compare NYC to London:
               | 
               | The train in NYC runs 24 hours a day 7 days a week. The
               | London Tube stops at midnight.
               | 
               | The train in NYC is much much cheaper, it's $2.75 to go
               | anywhere on its almost 400km of track. London's Tube has
               | zone-based pricing.
               | 
               | The NYC subway cars are all air-conditioned.
               | 
               | The NYC subway cars are far roomier than the Tube.
               | 
               | NYCs subway is "cut and cover" and so the stations aren't
               | nearly as deep and quicker to get in and out of.
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | Yeah but our trains are filthy and full of derelict and
               | deranged people. I love the Subway but the Tube has a lot
               | going for it.
        
             | boulos wrote:
             | > omnishambles
             | 
             | TIL this amusing combo, thanks! The Wikipedia entry is
             | helpful [1]
             | 
             | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omnishambles
        
             | nonrandomstring wrote:
             | Agreed. Spain is leading the world here. It's frankly
             | embarrassing given our population density, love or railways
             | and history (inventing them), we have "Railtrack" plus a
             | dozen foreign-owned totally rubbish train companies. We are
             | more concerned with ticket barriers, CCTV cameras and
             | Orwellian tracking of passengers than getting people from A
             | to B so the economy can prosper with the smallest
             | environmental harm.
        
               | e4325f wrote:
               | Spain invented the railway?
        
               | hanoz wrote:
               | He's talking about Britain, compared to Spain.
        
           | franciscop wrote:
           | Spain has the 2nd largest high speed train network of the
           | world, only after China (and only in the last few years, it
           | was #1 before). So I don't think it's a problem of
           | investment, it's a problem of how well you maintain things,
           | if you overbuild and then cannot finish or maintain it then
           | it's a problem that has little to do with economy.
           | 
           | Another example of high speed train, they forced flight
           | companies to make the Valencia <=> Madrid flights more
           | expensive because people preferred going by plane than by
           | train (faster, easier, way cheaper). Yup, instead of making
           | the train better or cheaper, just force the private companies
           | to be worse so the public infra can compete. Why was it so
           | expensive? Because of it being many times overbudget? Why?
           | Because everyone was taking money.
        
             | Scarbutt wrote:
             | Fair enough. I should have also add that Japan is an
             | engineering powerhouse.
        
             | spaniard89277 wrote:
             | As a Spaniard, I think that's highly suspicious of being
             | one of those internal internal consumption narratives of
             | how bad everything is.
             | 
             | Do you have any proof of that scheme you're mentioning? I
             | say this because, believe it or not, one of the things that
             | Spain does right is building infrastructure on a budget.
             | There has been corruption cases and places when it has been
             | horrid, but in general is well managed.
             | 
             | You'd be surprised how bad it is in many other countries
             | deemed better by your average spaniard. In terms of cost
             | overruns, time, and all kinds of nasty shit.
        
             | dieortin wrote:
             | Flying is artificially cheap to the point the ticket prices
             | make no sense. It's massively subsidized, so it's not
             | really fair to compare it with the train.
             | 
             | Anyways, I have to hard disagree on flying being faster and
             | easier than going by train. Flying is a pretty horrendous
             | experience in comparison, and if you account for the time
             | spent in the airport and getting to it it's not faster
             | either.
        
               | franciscop wrote:
               | Shouldn't the _national_ high speed rail be at least as
               | subsidized as _private flight companies_?
               | 
               | This particular flight I'm discussing it's more
               | convenient. Getting to the high speed train station is
               | tricky (there's no subway there!), you have to go to the
               | closest one and then walk 10-15 min, which is just
               | slightly faster _but harder_.
               | 
               | Let's see times:
               | 
               | * Train: 15 min to the station + 15 min early + 1.5h in
               | the train + 15 min in destination = 2h15min
               | 
               | * Plane: 30 min to the station + 30 min early + 30 min
               | flight + 30 min at destination = 2h
               | 
               | (this is domestic flying where you normally just walk in
               | fairly straightforward)
        
           | TaylorAlexander wrote:
           | Yeah I'm in the USA just jealous that they have trains in
           | Spain.
        
             | Aperocky wrote:
             | Interstate is marvelous.
             | 
             | US is too big and too sparsely populated both on a large
             | scale and small scale for trains like Europe, Japan and
             | China.
             | 
             | There's a part where no one talk about, and that's the
             | infrastructure _within_ the city are not conducive to
             | trains. People get to a train station and they need to get
             | around and unless you 're talking about New York they
             | really just need another car.
             | 
             | This in comparison to European and Asian cities where your
             | friend can just post you an address and you can use public
             | transit all the way to the last block.
        
               | anonymoushn wrote:
               | The Yamanote Line doesn't run through the countryside.
               | You could just build it around LA, and then build dense
               | housing near stations once people don't need cars...
        
               | Aperocky wrote:
               | > build dense housing near stations once people don't
               | need cars
               | 
               | Ship has sailed, it usually works in the reverse. People
               | aren't coming back from suburbia because there's stations
               | where they don't need cars.
        
               | anonymoushn wrote:
               | I live in the burbs currently (3 minutes from a train
               | station and convenience store). This station has a
               | decently sized parking lot and people who want to have
               | yards can always find parking there.
        
               | wumpus wrote:
               | There are parts of the US, namely the parts where a
               | majority of people live, that are densely-populated
               | enough for trains.
        
               | Aperocky wrote:
               | You didn't read the local scale problem did you? New
               | England is as populated as Europe but that's moot because
               | you still need a car when you get to the station because
               | suburbia.
        
               | distances wrote:
               | In European cities you have bus service in trackless
               | suburbia. Tracks are always better but need bus service
               | in addition as practically you won't be building tracks
               | everywhere.
        
               | mertd wrote:
               | It's a catch 22. The excuse for not building proper
               | transit is sprawl and the excuse for sprawl is not having
               | proper transit. Sprawl always wins in the US.
        
               | ben-schaaf wrote:
               | It's a very short sighted excuse to use for not building
               | transit. Sure if you don't have a land-use plan, but then
               | why build the transit in the first place. These things
               | always go hand-in-hand; many towns started as a train
               | station.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | nine_zeros wrote:
               | US is big is a silly way to reject trains. So are China
               | and India. Both have extensive train networks that allow
               | people to take a train instead of long road trips. The
               | trains are packed. Mobility is super high and abundantly
               | available. Quality may differ but it's improving because
               | people want it. Either way, it keeps cars off the road
               | leading to less pollution, less metal junk and less
               | inflation.
               | 
               | US land is amazingly well suited for HSR and cities are
               | well suited for subways. We also have the money. The only
               | problem is political.
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | Why would I want me and my family on a packed train with
               | our luggage and gear rather than in our comfortable,
               | climate controlled, and spacious vehicle? Who would
               | seriously vote for that?
               | 
               | I'm grateful to live in a country where having a vehicle
               | is normal and not just for the wealthy class. I'm happy
               | to not be packed onto public transit if I want to take
               | the family to the beach or go hiking or something.
        
               | nine_zeros wrote:
               | > Why would I want me and my family on a packed train
               | with our luggage and gear rather than in our comfortable,
               | climate controlled, and spacious vehicle? Who would
               | seriously vote for that?
               | 
               | You don't need to. It's not like those countries with
               | extensive train networks don't have cars and interstate
               | highways. They do and people use them. The point is that
               | in those countries, cheap options exist for all income
               | brackets and all use cases.
               | 
               | In America, it's a car or bust.
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | Poor people in America have cars generally speaking. In
               | the USA our idea of poor is very far from what those
               | countries consider poor to be. Our poor are solidly
               | middle class by their standards.
        
               | dotnet00 wrote:
               | Then again, at least the comparison with India doesn't
               | work given the massive gulf in costs, safety standards
               | and historical context (India's railway network being
               | inherited from when it was a colony and there were less
               | ethical 'restraints' on how to control costs).
               | 
               | The US has a massive setup cost problem, any significant
               | infrastructure project takes years of regulatory hurdles
               | and then legal challenges as competitors and NIMBYs try
               | everything they can to slow things down.
               | 
               | Thus ending up being way more expensive than countries
               | where they still have slums to ruthlessly tear down or
               | land to seize from small-time farmers to make room for
               | new infrastructure (not to imply that the way it works in
               | the US is much better).
        
               | nine_zeros wrote:
               | > The US has a massive setup cost problem, any
               | significant infrastructure project takes years of
               | regulatory hurdles and then legal challenges as
               | competitors and NIMBYs try everything they can to slow
               | things down.
               | 
               | This is exactly what I meant by political problems.
               | 
               | > Thus ending up being way more expensive than countries
               | where they still have slums to ruthlessly tear down or
               | land to seize from small-time farmers to make room for
               | new infrastructure (not to imply that the way it works in
               | the US is much better).
               | 
               | India razed slums and farms for trains, the US razed
               | forests and farms for interstates. It's the same thing.
               | Slums in India have a land value to them. The government
               | doesn't get that land for free. Just pay out property
               | owners market value+20% for infrastructure and build the
               | thing that is so direly needed.
        
               | newaccount2021 wrote:
        
             | goodpoint wrote:
             | That does not say much about Spain. It's a failure of the
             | US.
        
         | golemiprague wrote:
        
         | null_object wrote:
         | > I live in Tokyo now, but I'm from Valencia, Spain. I knew the
         | train there was bad when the local subway network, called
         | "metrovalencia", was known locally as "metrovalenshit
         | 
         | I'm sure your experience of your own hometown is accurate, but
         | as a person who's visited Valencia a few times I've found the
         | transport to be excellent: my whole family used the metro to
         | get around without any hitches, and we were always surprised by
         | how clean, quiet and efficient it was.
         | 
         | The train between Valencia and Alicante was like boarding a
         | luxurious airplane: an attendant ushered us on and came around
         | with a food trolley. The ride was smooth and almost silent, and
         | the ticket price included small extras like a free pair of
         | headphones for listening to the onboard radio. This was all
         | just regular economy.
         | 
         | I think it may be a national characteristic to rundown your own
         | country, as my family background is also Spanish and all my
         | relatives always say Spain is a 'mierda' (shit) and speak
         | lyrically about how wonderful everything must be in my current
         | country (Sweden), but in fact the last few weeks the train
         | service here in Sweden has been sporadic and continuously
         | interrupted by various problems, as it often is both summer and
         | winter. A Swede will rarely admit this to outsiders though.
         | 
         | So I'm willing to give this initiative a very enthusiastic
         | welcome, instead of instantly dismissing it as a gimmick, or
         | gloomily bound to fail.
        
           | inglor_cz wrote:
           | I don't want to invalidate your experience, but as a frequent
           | public transport user here in CZ and an avid tourist who uses
           | public transport abroad, I notice that the tourist experience
           | tends to be a lot better for many reasons.
           | 
           | First, tourists frequent certain routes that aren't the same
           | as routes for daily commuters. They tend to be much shorter.
           | 
           | Second, tourists rarely travel around in the rush hour and
           | delays are not as crucial for them. You aren't under such a
           | tight time budget when on holiday, unless you need to catch a
           | plane or so. (And most people take a taxi to the airport,
           | given that they travel with baggage.) On the other hand, even
           | a 15 minute delay experienced four days out of five during an
           | average work week gets old _fast_.
           | 
           | Third, tourists tend to visit cities in periods of good
           | weather, when long waiting etc. isn't very arduous.
           | 
           | The real resiliency or fragility of any system tends to show
           | under stress, and the most stress that a public transport
           | system can be in is in the rush hour under inclement weather
           | conditions (heavy snow, wind causing trees to fall on the
           | track, freezing temperatures etc.), 30 km from the city
           | centre.
           | 
           | So those are precisely the conditions that tourists tend
           | _not_ to encounter during their holidays, and form an
           | inadequately rosy overall picture as a result.
        
           | zcam wrote:
           | I am a swiss expat living in Sweden and I can confirm the
           | trains are terrible over here. They are rarely on time,
           | cancelations are very common and incidents can deadlock an
           | entire region. I had to take cabs a few times at the last
           | minute after cancelations to not miss a flight. Let just say
           | things are quite different in Switzerland.
           | 
           | The only thing swedes do right in trains is that they are
           | very civil, make it easy for bikes, strollers and old people
           | to use them, but that's about it.
        
           | franciscop wrote:
           | Oh no I'm very happy for this initiative! My comment was not
           | about the initiative, but about the corruption, incompetence
           | and delays that plague the Spanish train systems. At least
           | now it's free so that's great news! See in my other comment,
           | they had to force airlines to make planes more expensive
           | because people were using planes instead of the Madrid <=>
           | Valencia train.
           | 
           | Also I'm comparing it to Tokyo, which as others comment is a
           | bit unfair since it's basically the best train network in the
           | world.
        
             | clairity wrote:
             | you should also try the LA metro for how bad a transit
             | network can be under poor management and corrupt city
             | government. we have some of the best weather in the world,
             | where multi-modal transportation is imminently viable, and
             | yet we've built for cars and sprawl instead.
             | 
             | i remember in tokyo that train headways during rush hour is
             | as little as 90 seconds. and it's punctual as hell. in LA,
             | we're lucky if we get down to 10 minutes, plus or minus 20
             | minutes. LA is not quite as big or rich as tokyo, but it's
             | on a similar scale, yet we have an order of magnitude worse
             | public transit. it's so frustrating.
        
               | downut wrote:
               | We have _enjoyed_ riding metros in Mexico City and
               | Guadalajara, and everywhere more prosperous where we have
               | been, and were eager to try out the LA metro last
               | February. NEVER AGAIN!
               | 
               | The smell alone is sufficient, but the headways, good
               | lord. Spotted several sets of foreign tourists just as
               | astoundingly bewildered as we were.
               | 
               | So we rode buses. Good god. Never again. Sorry LA. You
               | suck. No, I don't enjoy driving in LA gridlock (done it
               | many times). What an apex cultural disaster.
               | 
               | I have to admit the transit was really cheap. I'd pay
               | double for Paris's transit in a heartbeat.
        
           | AdrianB1 wrote:
           | You make it sound that your experience visiting a few times
           | to Valencia is more relevant overall than someone else's that
           | lived there for decades, 7 days a week. As a local, you have
           | more chances to see the big picture and all the problems that
           | appear from time to time, that are invisible to the
           | occasional tourist.
        
       | jmyeet wrote:
       | City public transportation, at a very minimum, should be free.
       | The NYC Subway should be free. The Tube in London should be free.
       | 
       | The standard American response is to object on the grounds that
       | we're subsidizing something and it's a wasteful government
       | expenditure. You know what else that applies to? Roads. We
       | subsidize roads and everyone is OK with that.
       | 
       | Charging for public transport is just a regressive tax on what
       | are typically the lowest paid workers.
       | 
       | Regional transportation is more interesting. I'm not sure how
       | that'll work in practice but I'm open to it.
        
         | peoplefromibiza wrote:
         | 100% agree.
         | 
         | but even if not free (free should be the goal) heavily
         | discounted prices would already be good enough, especially for
         | regular users that typically are the lowest paid workers.
         | 
         | Also, the farther you travel, the higher the discount should
         | be, to disincentivize the use of private transport.
        
         | aembleton wrote:
         | Making regional transport free will make it easier for people
         | to choose to go by train rather than drive. This will help to
         | improve air quality and congestion for goods transport and
         | deliveries.
        
         | 202206241203 wrote:
         | _> We subsidize roads and everyone is OK with that._
         | 
         | Maybe making people walk more would cut the medical
         | expenditure.
        
         | briga wrote:
         | Public transit is already heavily subsidized. The revenue
         | generated by ticket sales isn't nearly enough to cover overall
         | expenses. That money has to come from somewhere, and unless
         | you're going to raise taxes that means taking away from other
         | public services. It's no wonder there aren't many politicians
         | in North America advocating free public transit
        
           | jmyeet wrote:
           | No one makes that argument when it comes to roads. Why?
           | Because usable public transportation disproportionately
           | benefits poor people. Americans in particular are
           | collectively fine with people just dying on the streets
           | rather than being able to have and maintain a job and a roof
           | over their head.
           | 
           | I, for one, would support private passenger vehicles on the
           | roads being subsidized to the level they are. I propose an
           | annual tax based on the vehicle's value. I assume you support
           | this because gax taxes don't "cover overall expenses" and
           | "That money has to come from somewhere" right?
        
             | Areibman wrote:
             | Gas taxes and tolls are in place to fund roads. (Though in
             | many states it just ends up in the general fund).
        
               | jkarni wrote:
               | In the US, money from gas taxes is used to fund non-road-
               | infrastructure, but conversely money from other taxes is
               | also used on road infrastructure. It seems like on the
               | whole gas taxes and toll do not cover roads (see eg [1]).
               | 
               | [1] https://taxfoundation.org/gasoline-taxes-and-user-
               | fees-pay-o...
        
           | scrollaway wrote:
           | The taxes could absolutely come out of car users.
           | 
           | Roads are way more subsidised than public transports. I
           | suggest we make drivers feel their impact on cities.
           | 
           | Of course it won't achieve anything, because it's impossible
           | to make people understand how bad the current system is,
           | especially in the US. So far gone...
        
         | parkingrift wrote:
         | The MTA spends almost $19 billion per year. You want it to be
         | free? Go find $19 billion in the budget. The MTA spends 72%
         | more than the entire NYDOT.
         | 
         | Roads aren't subsidized they are funded with gasoline taxes and
         | tolls.
        
           | jmyeet wrote:
           | > The MTA spends almost $19 billion per year. You want it to
           | be free?
           | 
           | 100%
           | 
           | > Go find $19 billion in the budget.
           | 
           | A combination of:
           | 
           | 1. Taxing private vehicle ownership in NYC
           | 
           | 2. Congestion charging, primarily in Manhattan
           | 
           | 3. Charging for street parking below 110th Street; and
           | 
           | 4. Increases in NY city and/or state income tax.
           | 
           | > Roads aren't subsidized
           | 
           | Yes, they are [1]:
           | 
           | > The reason is simple math: The gasoline tax that bankrolls
           | the federal Highway Trust Fund is politically untouchable,
           | leading lawmakers and presidents of both parties to balk at
           | raising it since 1993. But the money to pay for the nation's
           | growing needs for roads, bridges and transit has to come from
           | somewhere -- and the main answer has been to borrow it,
           | adding it onto the yawning federal deficit.
           | 
           | [1]: https://www.politico.com/states/florida/story/2021/06/30
           | /dri...
        
             | parkingrift wrote:
             | Your evidence is lacking in evidence. NY isn't Florida, and
             | federal gas taxes have nothing to do with state roads
             | within New York. New York roads are paid with New York gas
             | taxes and New York road tolls.
             | 
             | As for the rest of your ideas they are trying to implement
             | most of those just to cover other budget shortfalls. And
             | they aren't going to generate anywhere NEAR $19 billion per
             | year.
             | 
             | Good luck convincing the highest taxed city in America to
             | add $19 billion in additional taxes.
        
               | jmyeet wrote:
               | > ... federal gas taxes have nothing to do with state
               | roads within New York
               | 
               | Yes and no. I mean Interstates run through the state of
               | New York obviously. But the funding picture for state and
               | local roads is complicated and is funded by a mix of
               | property taxes (and possibly other taxes) as well as
               | state and federal grants [1]. Obviously those grants come
               | from somewhere. Property taxes are more direct.
               | 
               | We've decided to give road access away mostly for free
               | (eg obviously there are toll roads and there really
               | shouldn't be) as a political decision because of the
               | collective benefit. I'm simply saying we can and should
               | make that same decision for public transportation, which
               | creates a lot of public good.
               | 
               | > Good luck convincing the highest taxed city in America
               | to add $19 billion in additional taxes.
               | 
               | You realize New Yorkers are _already paying $19 billion a
               | year_ right? So, at worst, it 's just changing how that
               | $19 billion is generated. It's not additional tax. That's
               | propaganda.
               | 
               | My point is that rather than charging a server who earns
               | $2/hour plus tips and an investment banker the same
               | $125/month to use the Subway, we should collect that $19
               | billion is a less regressive way.
               | 
               | That $125/month will make a substantial difference to the
               | low paid workers who are absolutely essential for the
               | city to function but that investment banker paying
               | slightly higher taxes will have absolutely no impact.
               | 
               | [1]: https://www.osc.state.ny.us/files/local-
               | government/publicati...
        
               | quantumwannabe wrote:
               | You do know that the bridge and tunnel tolls in Manhattan
               | are used to subsidize mass transit? Drivers subsidize
               | transit users in NYC, not the other way around.
        
         | forinti wrote:
         | In my city a big deal is made about the public bus service
         | requiring a 50 million subsidy and no one thinks twice about
         | spending 250 million (plus maintenance) on a single overpass.
        
       | vrnvu wrote:
       | I live in Spain. To clarify. Free means more taxes.
        
       | dzonga wrote:
       | I wish the UK will do this.
       | 
       | Public transportation costs in the UK are totally criminal.
       | 
       | yeah the trains are better than in the states.
       | 
       | but it's totally criminal for trains to cost 30 quid from places
       | that are like 30 mins from london.
       | 
       | a single journey bus ticket in a small town 2.5 quid
        
         | willyt wrote:
         | I agree. I might need to take a train to London from a regional
         | city on Monday. Cheapest ticket is PS150. Even with the high
         | fuel prices currently it will cost me PS60 to drive instead.
        
       | WalterBright wrote:
       | One problem with free transit is people decide to live on it.
       | 
       | https://mynorthwest.com/3462940/rantz-shocking-video-shows-l...
        
         | vinnymac wrote:
         | People live on transit, even where it is not free. I am curious
         | how many more would live on transit, if it became free.
        
         | kwhitefoot wrote:
         | In the US.
        
       | hardwaregeek wrote:
       | Free or extremely cheap transportation is a fascinating
       | development. I always found it odd that the rhetoric around
       | transportation was that it should make money. We don't expect
       | other parts of the government to turn a profit. Why
       | transportation?
       | 
       | If Amtrak went that direction and made its transportation close
       | to free, I wonder if we'd see more people try it out. Maybe it'd
       | gain some popularity and we could finally see a shift away from
       | cars. Public transportation is a difficult process because until
       | the money is spent and the line is there, people are not sold.
       | Whereas with cars, even if a highway is not built, people still
       | have a car by default. Therefore the government needs to float
       | money, either in infrastructure or in subsidized fares. At least
       | subsidized fares is a little less binary than infrastructure.
        
         | dragonwriter wrote:
         | > I always found it odd that the rhetoric around transportation
         | was that it should make money. We don't expect other parts of
         | the government to turn a profit.
         | 
         | While it shows a deep misunderstanding of the concept of a
         | public service, there are lots of other parts of government we
         | do expect to be self-sustaining on user fees. Like the Postal
         | Service.
        
           | Aperocky wrote:
           | Postal service can be used in bulk though, this leaves a lot
           | of space for misuse and abuse if the service was made free.
           | 
           | I can't transport myself in bulk, at most I'll just go to a
           | lot of places, which is probably good for the economy
           | anyways.
        
             | xxxtentachyon wrote:
             | You could, however, functionally live on the transit system
             | if it were free (or cheap enough, or fares unenforced), as
             | we see in New York or Philadelphia. Granted, that's a
             | problem of enforcement and other social ills as much as it
             | is one of a cheap system.
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | Ticket fares are only a few dollars. You can panhandle
               | that amount in less than an hour. Doesn't change
               | anything.
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | If we had on board habitation facilities, it'd be
               | workable. Doesn't seem very practical, however.
        
             | HPsquared wrote:
             | Any time there's a debate about building or enlarging a
             | road, the idea of induced demand is brought up. More
             | capacity leads to more demand (i.e. people bring able to
             | travel more and/or further then they otherwise would have),
             | causing traffic to increase over time until the new road is
             | also congested.
             | 
             | A similar pattern would emerge for any infrastructure
             | investment, really. Some regulating force is needed, or it
             | will emerge naturally via congestion and queuing.
             | 
             | Edit: though once the tracks etc are built, public
             | transport scales much better than roads so maybe it never
             | becomes an issue.
        
               | Aperocky wrote:
               | That is correct, but induced demand here is capped by
               | each person only able to travel so much. Even if the
               | person lives on the train he could only occupy one seat
               | at one time. And I would imagine a very small subset of
               | population would actually want to do that.
        
               | hadlock wrote:
               | Right, but in his example, you are also capped by the
               | ability to also only drive one car at a time. And yet
               | highways are overflowing with cars during peak commute
               | hours.
        
               | chriswarbo wrote:
               | Induced demand _itself_ isn 't a problem. The problem is
               | that it counteracts congestion-relief efforts, which is
               | often the (stated) motivation for things like road-
               | widening.
               | 
               | Whilst road-widening _can_ improve other things, like
               | throughput (a congested three-lane road can shift more
               | people than a congested two-lane road), once we start
               | comparing such measures we find that public transit, etc.
               | does _even better_.
               | 
               | The same argument doesn't apply to induced demand _for
               | transit_ (we can 't do _even better_ by switching to
               | public transit, since that 's what we're already doing!).
               | At _that_ point, maybe there aren 't any easier options;
               | and maybe we have to build more (bus) lanes or rails, or
               | run more vehicles, etc.
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | Because they don't have capacity for all of the
               | population and also because public transportation is so
               | terrible people prefer (or have) to endure congested
               | traffic over it.
        
               | hyperhopper wrote:
               | > Even if the person lives on the train he could only
               | occupy one seat at one time.
               | 
               | Living in NYC I've seen hobos lying down across 6 seats
               | on the subway smelling so bad that 10+ seats or an entire
               | half of a car is vacated because of them.
        
               | solar-ice wrote:
               | Has New York by any chance... considered offering showers
               | to people who need them, without tying nonsense
               | requirements to said service?
        
         | er4hn wrote:
         | As a counterpoint, the us post office is expected to make money
         | as well. There's a number of onerous rules around that in
         | fact..
         | 
         | During the Trump administration the head of education was a big
         | fan of charter schools, which is a way of turning public
         | schools into subsidized private schools.
         | 
         | The concept of government providing services that are taxpayer
         | funded and do not turn a profit is something that the
         | Republican party became opposed to around, I guess, the Regan
         | administration.
        
           | rbanffy wrote:
           | The US reached the point of being the only rich country where
           | universal tax-funded healthcare is called "socialism".
        
         | tomjen3 wrote:
         | Services have to (at least in some part) listen to those who
         | pay for it. As long as tickets are priced to cover costs, there
         | is an incentive to ensure enough people travel and that it hits
         | a comfort/safety/trade of that most people are happy with. When
         | people are not paying, there is no incentive to do anything but
         | what is required to get the government subsidy.
         | 
         | In addition because it is so cheap there is a lot less
         | competition from people taking the car instead, which means
         | that there is even less pressure to make the train ride nicer.
         | This hurts everybody, including those who do not have a car as
         | an alternative.
         | 
         | Basically: by paying the fee you get a vote. If it is free you
         | don't.
        
         | FrenchDevRemote wrote:
         | >We don't expect other parts of the government to turn a
         | profit. Why transportation?
         | 
         | Because it's on demand, and a significant part of it is
         | recreational, if every means of transportation was free, even
         | just in a state or country, people would move a lot more and
         | the cost would be astronomical
        
           | solarkraft wrote:
           | Car travel is often recreational, yet roads are typically not
           | expected to make money; they're simply seen as something to
           | enable economic activity and increase quality of life.
           | 
           | Where's the difference?
        
             | FrenchDevRemote wrote:
             | Huge taxes on cars, oil, highways aren't always free,
             | parking is expensive.
        
               | frosted-flakes wrote:
               | Parking is free nearly everywhere, highways are free
               | nearly everywhere, and the US hardly taxes and cars at
               | all compared to the rest of the developed world.
        
               | tylergetsay wrote:
               | Even today gas is taxed at almost 10%, every car on the
               | road pays hundreds in fees for registration every year.
        
               | frosted-flakes wrote:
               | Yes, that's what I said. The US hardly taxes cars at all
               | compared to the rest of the developed world.
        
         | stop50 wrote:
         | In germany (currently month 2 of 3) there is an ticket for 9EUR
         | per month for using local public transport. Millions of tickets
         | are sold and people are using the so much that the trains are
         | litterally full. And the users are still enduring it.
         | 
         | For those who don't know it: german trains have an lowsy
         | reputation at best, no cooling in the summer, no heating in the
         | winter and every user has to plan for the case the train is 15
         | minutes or more late or broke on the way down.
        
           | atlasunshrugged wrote:
           | Although it's been a few years since I lived in Germany I
           | strongly disagree with this sentiment. I never had a bad
           | train trip and I took them semi-often for work via Berlin-
           | Munich and many times for pleasure around the country and
           | continent. They far surpassed those in Eastern Europe for
           | instance (although the train from Romania to Moldova was fun
           | partially because it felt like time travel into the Soviet
           | era)
        
             | stop50 wrote:
             | I had quite a few bad trips. Two of them left me at
             | trainstations without any other transportation method (one
             | of them was an fallen tree and the other an broken train).
             | My median for delayed trains gets smaller but is still in
             | the 15 minute region.
        
           | manish_gill wrote:
           | I'm writing this from a German train (Regional Bahn, not even
           | the ICE), and it does have air conditioning. Not too crowded,
           | smooth journey for the past 2 hours.
           | 
           | I've travelled all across Europe, and German trains aren't
           | what I would call "lousy".
        
             | lmarcos wrote:
             | You have to live in Germany to appreciate that. Otherwise
             | all you get is a few data points.
        
               | manish_gill wrote:
               | Living here for 3 years, I think I can "appreciate" that.
        
           | distances wrote:
           | While the German train system can definitely improve, it's
           | hard to come up with many countries that actually have a
           | better service. France and Japan, maybe Spain? I don't know
           | about the Netherlands and Nordics? It's still too rare to
           | have such an extensive network.
        
             | spaniard89277 wrote:
             | The german system is ok. Germans have reasons to complain
             | but isn't terrible.
             | 
             | What germany does horribly is ISP infra. It just sucks ass.
             | 
             | Also, some gas and electricity pipes running south wouldn't
             | hurt, but it's too late...
        
               | atlasunshrugged wrote:
               | Well, there will be more LNG terminals at the ports soon
               | I would guess, but it does seem like there is a huge
               | hesitancy to build more gas infrastructure that would
               | diversify away from Russia because it isn't green
        
             | rsynnott wrote:
             | It's all relative, I think. I've met Americans living in
             | Ireland who were amazed by how good Dublin's public
             | transport was. "Good" is not a description that anyone in
             | Dublin, or anyone in Europe, would use for Dublin's public
             | transport.
             | 
             | I've always thought that German transport was generally
             | excellent when I'm over there, but then I'm from Dublin :)
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | > "Good" is not a description that anyone in Dublin, or
               | anyone in Europe, would use for Dublin's public
               | transport.
               | 
               | Light rail in Dublin is quite good, but coverage isn't
               | great. I used DART a few times, and it wasn't a nice
               | experience - long waits and less than ideal trains. I
               | traveled by rail between Dublin and Cork, however, and it
               | was quite good - modern and comfortable, and relatively
               | fast (Ireland is small and fast rail feels like overkill)
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | > Ireland is small and fast rail feels like overkill
               | 
               | Not sure I'd say that; a modern TVG/ICE-type service
               | could do Dublin to Cork in less than an hour, vs 2.5
               | hours for the current service. That would be a game
               | changer.
               | 
               | There are vague plans for such a service, and more solid
               | plans for upgrading to 200km/h (the trains already
               | support this but the line would need upgrading).
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | It'd certainly remove some pressure on Dublin housing.
        
             | stop50 wrote:
             | Does someone in another country made a song about the bad
             | public transport?
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wXjhszy2f9w
        
             | GeckoEidechse wrote:
             | Austria and Switzerland definitely have better train
             | service than Germany. In fact the Austrian federal railways
             | (OBB) even bought up the majority of DB's night train
             | routes after DB considered decommissioning them ^^
        
           | IfOnlyYouKnew wrote:
           | That's not an accurate representation of the service at all.
           | I'd say it's a lot closer to, say, New York City's subway
           | service: something people love to hate, but that is, despite
           | some flaws, quite successful, especially in comparison. The
           | trains being full, literally, littoraly (to the coasts), or
           | figuratively also calls to mind Woody Allen: "Nobody goes
           | there anymore-it's too crowded".
           | 
           | All trains, even regional ones, also have heating and
           | cooling. And while Acs tends to be underpowered and is broken
           | more often than it should be, I don't remember heating, which
           | is much simpler anyway, to have similar problems.
        
             | saghm wrote:
             | > "Nobody goes there anymore-it's too crowded"
             | 
             | I had never heard this quote attributed to anyone other
             | than Yogi Berra before, and from looking it up, it doesn't
             | seem like I'm misremembering that.
        
               | jgwil2 wrote:
               | I suspect GP is thinking of Woody Allen quoting Groucho
               | Marx in _Annie Hall_ : "I wouldn't want to join any club
               | that would have me as a member."
        
             | hutzlibu wrote:
             | " I don't remember heating, which is much simpler anyway,
             | to have similar problems."
             | 
             | On the contrary, it is way too warm in the trains in winter
             | and badly vented. And you cannot change anything about it,
             | because for safety reasons it is no longer possible to open
             | a window even a tiny little bit.
             | 
             | (And sometimes the AC is too cold in summer.)
        
         | UIUC_06 wrote:
         | If you want a preview of what free trains would look like, just
         | go to the public library some afternoon.
        
           | darkerside wrote:
           | Clean, quiet, and productive?
        
           | Chinjut wrote:
        
           | wildrhythms wrote:
           | Why don't you explain?
        
             | conscion wrote:
             | They're implying that the trains would be filled with
             | homeless people.
        
               | KoftaBob wrote:
               | I've never seen a single public library filled with
               | homeless people. What area is this?
        
               | educaysean wrote:
               | Many public libraries in California do struggle with
               | homeless patrons. Librarians serving those libraries are
               | sometimes required to take specific trainings to be able
               | to provide help for the less amicable homeless crowd, and
               | some are even equipped with narcans for emergencies.
        
               | pawsforthought wrote:
               | Then there's an argument for a housing-first policy to
               | address homelessness, not one against free public
               | transport.
        
               | AlbertCory wrote:
               | Why do you say that? Is that what _you_ think?
        
               | lowwave wrote:
               | Should be ok if they are not harassing other passengers.
        
               | Shugarl wrote:
               | The great majority won't. But a part will, which is
               | likely to be a problem.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | burnished wrote:
           | What a stellar advocacy for free public trains!
        
         | iso1631 wrote:
         | In the UK you get on a west coast train in the evening and it's
         | rammed, with people paying 50p per mile.
         | 
         | That service costs money to run. We could increase public
         | spending to run the service, but you won't get more people on
         | the train because it's already full.
         | 
         | Now how are you going to increase that spending? Raise taxes?
         | Cut other public services? Borrow more? Miraculous
         | "efficiencies" no doubt.
         | 
         | We could make it more cost effective, by building a new line
         | instead, which would carry more people per operational cost.
         | HS2 is this (1000 seats doing the journey in 1 hour for 2
         | members of staff is 500 seats per person hour, vs 500 seats
         | doing it in 2 hours for 3 members of staff which is 83 seats
         | per personhour, thus staffing costs drop 84%). And that's what
         | we're doing.
        
           | solarkraft wrote:
           | > We could increase public spending to run the service, but
           | you won't get more people on the train because it's already
           | full.
           | 
           | Isn't increasing capacity the point of increasing spending?
        
         | bennysomething wrote:
         | There are a reasons I can think of for making money and
         | charging for tickets:
         | 
         | 1. The investment can come from the private sector, it takes
         | the risk instead of burdening the tax payer.
         | 
         | 2. Free rail for all burdens all with the cost of rail, it
         | removes freedom of not paying for it.
         | 
         | 3. No ticket pricing means no market signals that would show if
         | the operator is running it's business poorly.
         | 
         | 4. No adjustable pricing mean that the user has no reason to
         | adjust their usage in terms of avoiding peak times or utilising
         | quieter times.
         | 
         | 5. No competition means no alternative, if the monopoly
         | provides a terrible service that fleeces the tax payer, well
         | tough luck for the user.
        
           | jacobolus wrote:
           | Taxpayers (and residents in general) of the USA pay out the
           | nose for streets and roads, parking, car-centric planning
           | requirements, massive subsidies to suburban sprawl, fossil
           | fuel industry subsidies, lives lost and healthcare costs due
           | to automobile pollution and traffic injuries/deaths, and the
           | follow-on high cost of everything else in the society. (And
           | let's not even get started on global climate change.)
           | 
           | Paying for rail infrastructure is not fundamentally
           | different, except insofar as it is generally cheaper, more
           | efficient, and long-term much healthier for the society.
        
             | zhoujianfu wrote:
             | Probably the right solution is charging for all public
             | roads, not making trains free.
        
               | oblak wrote:
               | And after that, make sure everyone pays for using public
               | air
        
               | treasurebots wrote:
               | If there's some externality in the way that someone is
               | using public air, like burning garbage in their backyard,
               | then they should be expected to pay for it
        
             | jon_adler wrote:
             | As American housing is mostly sprawling and low density, it
             | isn't terribly well suited to mass transport like rail in
             | most places. Perhaps light rail or even (eventually) self
             | driving cars might work better. Alternatively, change
             | planning rules to encourage higher density although it is
             | probably already too late for any meaningful change.
        
               | throwaway743 wrote:
               | Might not be too late. Car culture has heavily influenced
               | planning in the States. If the focus shifted to public
               | transportation maybe the planning would follow, though
               | it'd take a lot of time to change
        
               | pawsforthought wrote:
               | There's little point putting in transit if dense
               | development isn't also allowed to follow. I concur though
               | that it's not too late.
               | 
               | Especially if you consider, car-centric development is
               | bankrupting many smaller US cities. There's a strong
               | economic case for promoting dense, mid-rise, mixed-use
               | development: it brings in much more in property taxes
               | relative to the cost of city services required.
               | 
               | Simply put, every foot of road or pipe or power cable
               | serves far more people (and economic activity) with dense
               | development.
        
           | mike00632 wrote:
           | Keep in mind that we don't think this way about roads which
           | are way more expensive and way more money-losing.
        
             | redox99 wrote:
             | Are they? You have tolls, fuel taxes, car registrations,
             | etc.
        
           | igammarays wrote:
           | 1. The downside of private sector investments is that they
           | will only invest in projects with the most lucrative returns,
           | which comes at the cost of serving further and smaller
           | communities, more decentralized communities, and other less-
           | profitable sectors, which are in the broader long-term
           | interests of the whole society to maintain (despite being
           | unprofitable). See how privatizing bus routes leads to the
           | shutdown of many smaller businesses and communities, because
           | less profitable routes are not served. This makes life worse
           | for everyone.
           | 
           | 2. Good, it's a progressive tax, instead of being a
           | regressive one. Transport costs disproportionately affect the
           | lives of the working/labor class.
           | 
           | 3. Market signals are only ONE factor to consider. And you
           | don't need ticket sales to measure demand. Building
           | infrastructure often creates demand where none existed
           | before. Any long-term planning must also take into
           | consideration unprofitable longer-term projects that provide
           | immeasurable benefits.
           | 
           | 4. Yes, the user has an incentive to avoid overcrowded
           | trains. You don't need to fleece them for it.
           | 
           | 5. There is no realistic alternative for large-scale
           | infrastructure projects - these are natural monopolies. This
           | is a rail network, not a software company. What is a user
           | going to do if they don't like the service? Start a new rail
           | company? An average citizen has more recourse with their
           | local government than with privately-owned monopolies. They
           | can vote at the ballot box every few years.
        
             | jdasdf wrote:
             | >1. The downside of private sector investments is that they
             | will only invest in projects with the most lucrative
             | returns, which comes at the cost of serving further and
             | smaller communities, more decentralized communities, and
             | other less-profitable sectors, which are in the broader
             | long-term interests of the whole society to maintain
             | (despite being unprofitable).
             | 
             | I dispute your assertion that those things are the broader
             | long term interests of the whole society. Their
             | unprofitability is factual undeniable evidence that they
             | are in fact unwanted "services" who are having resources
             | poured in to them not due to their own merits but due to
             | political decisions unrelated to their merits.
             | 
             | I want to be very clear here, because there are many people
             | who seem to be under the misconception that profitability
             | is something bad.
             | 
             | It is not.
             | 
             | Profitability is literally a measure of how much value a
             | given thing is providing to society. There is a 1 to 1
             | relationship between profitability and societal and
             | individual benefit.
             | 
             | When you say "Public services don't need to be profitable"
             | or express similar ideas, what you are actually saying is
             | "Public services don't need to provide societal benefit".
        
           | jmyeet wrote:
           | > The investment can come from the private sector, it takes
           | the risk instead of burdening the tax payer.
           | 
           | Public-private "partnerships" are right-wing propaganda and
           | disastrous to the public purse. Why? Because how they work in
           | practice is the government absorbs all the risks while the
           | private entity consumes all the profits. It's textbook rent-
           | seeking behaviour.
           | 
           | > Free rail for all burdens all with the cost of rail, it
           | removes freedom of not paying for it.
           | 
           | You mean like roads?
           | 
           | > No ticket pricing means no market signals that would show
           | if the operator is running it's business poorly.
           | 
           | We don't need ticket sales to track total passenger
           | movements.
           | 
           | > No adjustable pricing mean that the user has no reason to
           | adjust their usage in terms of avoiding peak times or
           | utilising quieter times.
           | 
           | Another way to put that is that people have more opportunity
           | and mobility. I'm completely fine with that.
           | 
           | > No competition means no alternative, if the monopoly
           | provides a terrible service that fleeces the tax payer, well
           | tough luck for the user.
           | 
           | When is there ever competition in public transportation? Why
           | is competition viewed as a good thing for what is an
           | essential service? Do we need competition for the post office
           | now to satisfy free-market cultists?
        
             | hezag wrote:
             | > Do we need competition for the post office now to satisfy
             | free-market cultists?
             | 
             | Yeah, unfortunately that's exactly what they are trying to
             | do today in Brazil.
        
             | bennysomething wrote:
             | It's exactly the same as the government not paying for
             | cars.
             | 
             | The UK recently privatised it's post office, there's lots
             | of competition in its postal market (thank goodness).
             | 
             | The UK railways where private before 1948, then
             | nationalised, it didn't work out well. Then privatised 40
             | or so years later because the government couldn't afford
             | the investment required.
             | 
             | Are you in favour of nationalised air travel? UK tried that
             | too and it was terrible. Exactly the same for telecoms. I'm
             | just glad we don't have a nationalised food supply.
        
               | willyt wrote:
               | Most rail investment in the UK is ultimately paid for by
               | the government. E.g HS2, line upgrades etc. Train
               | companies might make a contribution to the cost of buying
               | new trains through the cost of leasing them from the
               | government regulated monopoly companies that buy them
               | with government money. We basically have a system where
               | everything is paid for by government but in a really
               | complicated way involving lots of complicated contracts
               | written by very expensive lawyers. Our trains are now
               | some of the slowest most expensive and most uncomfortable
               | in Europe.
        
               | wdb wrote:
               | UK railways are terrible, so you are saying it was _even_
               | worse when it was nationalised? It's expensive, a lot of
               | strikes, and trains barely arrive on time, and the trains
               | are bad
        
               | regularfry wrote:
               | It was underinvested-in, but relatively cheap to the
               | traveler. Now it's underinvested-in and hideously
               | expensive.
        
           | eastbound wrote:
           | 6. Annoying people on board. I simply don't take the train
           | anymore in France, there are 76 onboard thefts a day declared
           | in Marseilles only, they are loud, they are not disrespectful
           | but downright playing with the first one who complains, and
           | most importantly, they have the controller siding with them.
           | 
           | All of this because the CAF gives them fares for almost-
           | nothing, which is affordable when you have drug money.
           | 
           | No to free fares.
        
             | booleandilemma wrote:
             | This is a separate problem imo. Why can't we have both free
             | fares and better policing to keep the riffraff under
             | control?
        
           | ttymck wrote:
           | Re (2): public roads burden all with the cost of roads (and
           | inducing car travel). We don't expect roads to make money, as
           | far as I'm aware.
        
             | foogazi wrote:
             | But cars are not free
        
               | itronitron wrote:
               | shoes aren't free either
        
               | zeusk wrote:
               | nor is their fuel - electric or oil.
        
               | solar-ice wrote:
               | Cool, so you would like the Government to fund
               | construction and maintenance of the rails as long as the
               | operation of trains is ticketed? :)
        
             | baud147258 wrote:
             | For roads, it depends on the country. For example in France
             | you have to pay toll money to use most interstates
        
               | kergonath wrote:
               | Yeah, and that's after they had been publicly funded,
               | amortised, and then sold on the cheap to private company.
               | The perfect example of how not to do it.
               | 
               | It used to be done properly, for things like long bridges
               | and such, where there would be a toll until the invested
               | money was recovered.
               | 
               | Also, there is still the extensive network of nationales,
               | departementales, and other streets and avenue that are
               | still free.
        
           | kergonath wrote:
           | We also all benefit from decent public transport, even
           | drivers because it helps with congestion. (Also, as several
           | other mentioned, we don't seem to be very reluctant
           | subsidising roads and car-related infrastructure despite the
           | issue being very similar). Your arguments sound nice in a
           | vacuum, but are not very convincing when considering the
           | broader context of society.
        
           | alistairSH wrote:
           | To number 2, we all pay for it one way or another and if it
           | exists or not. IE, without good public transit, subsidized or
           | not, we sit in auto gridlock and/or "overspend" on auto
           | infrastructure. People have to get around and we (USA)
           | currently spend and build on some of the least efficient
           | transport (individual auto for almost all transit needs).
        
           | amluto wrote:
           | All of the above is true for roads, yet governments mostly
           | don't charge for roads.
        
             | mantas wrote:
             | For road, government is providing the road and public pays
             | for bus ticket, personal car, delivery services etc.
             | 
             | For rail, usually railway building is already covered by
             | government. People only pay for the train. Upkeep is
             | usually covered by all sorts of subsidies.
        
             | zeusk wrote:
             | Where do you think your car registration fee, fuel tax and
             | toll road fee go?
        
               | wdb wrote:
               | I don't believe it only gets paid from the revenue of
               | taxes that are relevant to car usage. Probably a share of
               | it is paid by what I pay in income taxes
        
         | acchow wrote:
         | > was that it should make money
         | 
         | Most public transit isn't profitable, but they take fares to
         | partially fund their operating costs. This aligns incentives
        
           | sudosysgen wrote:
           | Not really, the government has a competing incentive for
           | people to consume transportation as it has knock-on effects
           | on economic activity and tax revenue while at the same time
           | driving down the marginal cost of transportation
        
         | tylergetsay wrote:
         | Amtrak is more expensive than a flight for a reason, making it
         | free would make it inaccessible
        
         | stormbrew wrote:
         | > If Amtrak went that direction and made its transportation
         | close to free, I wonder if we'd see more people try it out
         | 
         | My understanding is that in north America the big problem with
         | passenger rail is less cost and more the fact that there's a
         | bias towards freight in track right of ways. Even if you're
         | willing and happy to pay a lot to travel by train, scheduling
         | is still likely to be screwed up somewhere by a big ass freight
         | train in the way and there's nothing you can do about it.
         | 
         | Edit to add after a double check: I guess in the US it's
         | technically the law that passengers be given priority but it's
         | poorly (or just not) enforced[1].
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://www.amtrak.com/content/dam/projects/dotcom/english/p...
        
           | Stevvo wrote:
           | That sounds like the perfect situation for high speed rail;
           | take the passengers off the slow rails completely freeing
           | them up for freight. The high speed lines themselves would be
           | massive loss leaders financed by the freight.
           | 
           | Possible and done in other countries, but less feasible in
           | the US because many existing lines are privately owned.
        
             | novok wrote:
             | You can make a targeted tax to get something financially
             | equivalent.
             | 
             | Politically popular although? Probably not. Americans
             | really really love their cars & suburbs and would also get
             | angry at everything getting more expensive due to higher
             | freight costs.
        
           | aaomidi wrote:
           | Amtrak is more expensive than flights majority of the time.
        
             | smegger001 wrote:
             | And Amtrak is often more expensive than car travel. I
             | posted this last time it came up a few days ago but it
             | bares repeating here;
             | 
             | >I wish the train was more economical then I could take the
             | train more but it is not economical (on the west coast of
             | the US). I live approx half way between Seattle WA and
             | Portland OR and there is a train station within walking
             | distance of my home. Every time I have checked the price of
             | a Amtrak ticket to either city it was significantly cheaper
             | to drive and pay for parking then to buy a single train
             | ticket.
        
               | remram wrote:
               | Forget driving your car, on some routes Amtrak is slower
               | and more expensive than _Uber_ (for two people, not even
               | considering the fact that you pick your time and get
               | dropped at your door)
        
           | bogomipz wrote:
           | That bias is correct, at least outside of the North East
           | corridor. Amtrak owns most of the track in the North East
           | Corridor which incidentally is the only place it is
           | profitable. Outside of this corridor the tracks are mostly
           | owned by 5 railroads [1]. Passenger rail is supposed to have
           | priority as Amtrak was the entity created in order to relieve
           | railroads from being required to provide passenger service.
           | This however is an area of a lot of friction. For a recent
           | example of this mess see"
           | 
           | https://www.washingtonpost.com/transportation/2022/07/06/amt.
           | ..
           | 
           | [1] https://soundingmaps.com/the-largest-railroads-in-us/
        
           | itronitron wrote:
           | I've ridden Amtrak a few times on different routes, TX to CA
           | as a child, midwest to DC as a student, and northeast to
           | southeast (NE corridor +) with a pregnant wife.
           | 
           | The main issue with train travel in the US is that many
           | passengers are going to need a car when they reach their
           | destination.
           | 
           | If I could pick one major rail investment for the US it would
           | be to follow I-95 from Florida to New England. There is a lot
           | of commute and vacation traffic along that interstate (I-95)
           | that can be stressful and people would probably happily move
           | over to Amtrak if the service guarantees are good.
        
             | alar44 wrote:
             | I'd say the biggest issue is that trains are slow as fuck.
             | If I take a plane I can get to either coast in a few hours
             | from the Midwest. A train will take 1-2 days.
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | There's _no way_ to make a coast-to-coast trip in the US
               | as fast as a plane ever. It 's like, what, 4500km? Even
               | with the fastest regular passenger train in the world
               | which runs at 350 km/h, this will be a 12 hour trip and
               | that's not including the time the train will spend below
               | that speed e.g. for stops. Compared to that, your average
               | Airbus A380 hits 900 km/h as regular cruise speed,
               | rendering that into a much better 5 hour trip.
               | 
               | Not to say high-speed rail doesn't have its uses - by far
               | not, the chief one being replacing flights < 2 hours -
               | but anything above the 2 hour flight time is better kept
               | served by plane.
               | 
               | [1] https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/worlds-
               | fastest-trains...
        
               | herewulf wrote:
               | You make good points but you forgot to factor in the 2
               | hours early that you need to show up at the airport.
               | Getting on and off a train can take only minutes.
               | 
               | I've only ridden Amtrak once but I guess there are also
               | security requirements that do take some time also (as
               | opposed to most European countries).
               | 
               | I've also experienced lots of unexpected delays on
               | flights whereas trains seem to be exceptionally on time
               | (especially in a country like Germany). You're also
               | assuming a direct flight also (though this is probably
               | more related to cost which is another issue).
               | 
               | All in all, a coast to coast journey that takes 12 hours
               | vs. 7 doesn't seem so bad if:
               | 
               | - I can spend maybe 8 of it sleeping in a bed - The
               | difference is 5 hours - I can eat some real meals in a
               | dining car - I can walk around reasonably
        
               | atlasunshrugged wrote:
               | I semi-recently (two years ago) did an Amtrak trip from
               | DC to LA and there was 0 security. I got there early
               | because I didn't want to miss a leg of a 3 day train trip
               | but there was no need.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | >I've only ridden Amtrak once but I guess there are also
               | security requirements that do take some time also (as
               | opposed to most European countries).
               | 
               | Not in my experience. You show up at the station and walk
               | onto the train. Dread that changing one of these days
               | based on some incident.
        
               | jb3689 wrote:
               | I'm visiting Peru soon. People choose to take day-long
               | bus rides rather than a <2h flight getting from Lima to
               | Cusco. I find it hard to believe that a train wouldn't
               | have at least some interest for budget travelers or
               | people who value time less than most of us here
        
               | travelingteach wrote:
               | I live in Peru. There actually are incredibly expensive
               | trains connecting Cusco/Puno/Arequipa. No one really uses
               | them.
               | 
               | The problem is the terrain doesn't lend itself to trains
               | at all without a super expensive investment, and the
               | population of Peru is spread out so much once you leave
               | Lima.
               | 
               | Flights in general are terrible in Latin America in terms
               | of cost which is why the bus is popular. More so
               | international but even domestic is pricey for the quality
               | and distance. Plus stopping in Paracas/Nazca/Arequipa
               | makes the bus a good way to cheaply hit those spots.
               | Flying back to the start is a good move though
        
               | atlasunshrugged wrote:
               | Any idea on why flights are so expensive there? I felt
               | the same way traveling in Africa where it was around the
               | same cost to fly back to any major EU capital as it was
               | to go to any other major destination in Africa even when
               | relatively close (e.g. Doula to Lagos) and I'm just
               | wondering if there's some dynamic at play given you can
               | get super cheap flights in Europe and somewhat in the
               | U.S.
        
               | travelingteach wrote:
               | Africa seems even next level in terms of price.
               | 
               | I think lack of competition is a big problem. There
               | aren't a ton of major airlines here. The population is
               | also pretty spread out compared to Asia/Europe.
               | 
               | Domestic is usually okay. I just recently flew to the
               | edge of Peru to visit Bolivia by land because it saved
               | enough money to justify the extra time.
        
               | baby wrote:
               | What about the west coast? Sf to sj? Sf to los angeles?
               | Sf to san diego? Or seattle?
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | If you also take into account the time you spend at an
               | airport and the possible slowdown from the wind (900km/h
               | is airspeed) while having a theoretical but technically
               | feasible 450km/h high speed train as well as the time it
               | takes to go to and from airports (you can put train
               | stations downtown and near public transport) you can
               | actually achieve parity in most situations, or near
               | parity in others
        
               | prmoustache wrote:
               | Also, night trains.
               | 
               | Who cares if it takes 8 to 12 hours if you board the
               | train, have dinner there, sleep a good night and have
               | breakfast before arriving.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | I've taken night trains and have liked them. But for a
               | lot of business setting people would rather take an early
               | morning flight than lose a night with family.
        
               | Macha wrote:
               | I'd say the cut off time is more like four hours, with
               | the delays incurred by airport security and the fact that
               | airports are huge and therefore more likely to be located
               | further out from city centres.
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | Sure, but building a rail network that is able to compete
               | with four hours of flight is orders of magnitude more
               | expensive than building out decent HSR between major
               | clusters of larger cities (e.g. California HSR).
        
               | Glawen wrote:
               | In France they closed flights up to 500km competing with
               | TGV. 500km is less than 2h in TGV, you show up 5mim
               | before departure, you have no annoying security check and
               | stupid questions asked, and you arrive in city center.
               | Planes cannot compete with this offer.
               | 
               | Even more since SNCF launched their low cost TGV (Ouigo).
        
               | novok wrote:
               | Trains are ideal for middle distances. About 1 or 2 hour
               | flight equivalencies. DC to NYC, Tokyo to Osaka, SF to LA
               | or Seattle, The Houston, San Antionio/Austin, Dallas
               | triangle, etc. NYC to SF is not ideal for a high speed
               | train, take an airplane then.
               | 
               | With a high speed train you can have downtown to downtown
               | service, not need any security checks or slow onboarding
               | / off-boarding processes and more, which eats about 1.5
               | hours minimum on each side.
        
               | baby wrote:
               | I personally always check trains when I travel and end up
               | not traveling because of this. It just takes too long to
               | take the train.
        
             | amf12 wrote:
             | > The main issue with train travel in the US is that many
             | passengers are going to need a car when they reach their
             | destination.
             | 
             | It's not a big issue as you may think. This is the case
             | with air travel too, but people would gladly fly and then
             | rent a car. The biggest barrier is the cost and the time it
             | takes.
        
               | cormacrelf wrote:
               | Unless you make the trains go 900km/h, you are talking
               | about very different things. "I need to rent a car at the
               | end of this train journey, which itself is about the
               | speed of a car" is dumb -- just rent the car, don't waste
               | money buying a train ticket as well, and travel on your
               | own terms. So the only thing it offers is being cheaper
               | than renting a car for one extra day for long journeys.
        
               | petre wrote:
               | > So the only thing it offers is being cheaper than
               | renting a car for one extra day for long journeys
               | 
               | Nope. It also offers not having to drive. I can read a
               | book on a train, which I can't do in a small car even if
               | I don't drive because I'll get car sick. I can even walk
               | around and have luch in the train restaurant, go to the
               | bathroom without having to stop.
        
               | pawsforthought wrote:
               | Going by train still has the benefit of being able to do
               | something while you travel. Especially relevant for solo
               | business trips.
        
               | xdfgh1112 wrote:
               | If they were the same cost I'd pick the train every time.
               | I can relax, sleep, read a book or get some work done.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | It depends. It's definitely usually easier to get to your
               | hotel (often by walking) in NYC from Penn than from any
               | of the airports. Less true in Boston (though there is a
               | suburban stop south of the city) and in DC Reagan is
               | pretty convenient on the metro. But, generally, downtown
               | train stations with good transit tilt towards train
               | travel relative to airports an hour out, especially
               | without good transit.
        
           | konschubert wrote:
           | And I think that's the right choice, if a choice is needed.
           | Much more impactful to get the trucks off the roads than the
           | cars.
        
             | Macha wrote:
             | Per road vehicle. But 1 train car fits what, 1.5 trucks
             | worth of cargo? Versus 20-30 passengers. Is it better to
             | eliminate 2 truck trips or 10+ personal car trips?
        
               | konschubert wrote:
               | If you look at the wear and tear on the roads, then 30
               | passenger cars are much better than two trucks.
               | 
               | If you look at emissions, I guess this is a pretty close
               | one, too. And since so much freight is already on the
               | rail in the US, this is the much easier fruit to pick.
        
           | notatoad wrote:
           | this is a chicken-and-egg problem.
           | 
           | our railways prioritize freight because that's the customer
           | that actually uses the system. as long as passengers are
           | rare, there's no reason to prioritize them. if passenger
           | trains were actually a critical part of the transportation
           | network, i'm sure we'd stop letting freight pre-empt them.
        
             | andbberger wrote:
        
             | feet wrote:
             | Passengers are rare? Most times when I've taken Amtrak, its
             | packed
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | That tells you the ratio of train seats to train
               | passengers, not the ratio of train passengers to other
               | transport users, nor the ratio of spending on train
               | conveyances for human passengers versus cargo.
        
               | tablespoon wrote:
               | > Passengers are rare? Most times when I've taken Amtrak,
               | its packed
               | 
               | Certainly compared to other modes in most circumstances.
               | If, on a particular route, there's one train a week and
               | 100 planes a day, the train can still be packed while
               | "train passengers" are still rare.
               | 
               | IIRC, Amtrak was created because the railroads were
               | losing money on passenger traffic and wanted to get rid
               | of the service. I imagine that's because the service had
               | a lot more competitors than it did in rail's heyday.
        
               | feet wrote:
               | Four trains per day on the route I am referencing
               | 
               | I don't know why people are bringing up hypotheticals
               | that are so far from reality like one train per week.
               | That's just not how trains are scheduled with Amtrak. I
               | take the train on a regular basis and your example is
               | entirely removed from the reality that I have personally
               | observed.
               | 
               | How many planes are there per day _on a single route_ in
               | the Midwest? Because I doubt its hundreds
        
               | stephenhuey wrote:
               | I've only seen that in the northeast. Don't think you'll
               | see much of that riding from Houston to Chicago or
               | heading out west!
               | 
               | Edit: While I haven't ridden trains in every corner of
               | the USA, the best I saw were in the northeast, and I did
               | have a nice ride from Seattle to Portland once, but in
               | middle America you almost never hear of someone riding a
               | train (my grandmother rode them in Texas in the 1930s and
               | a buddy of mine took the 24-hour trip from Texas to
               | Illinois one time, but those are the only stories I have
               | personally heard around here).
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | I've started and ended 100 Amtrak trips in Chicago. The
               | train is one of the reasons Chicago (and Memphis) exists.
        
               | feet wrote:
               | The Midwest is what I am directly referencing
        
             | ericd wrote:
             | Aren't the tracks owned by the companies that run the
             | freight trains, rather than Amtrak?
        
               | notatoad wrote:
               | yes. and one of the ways to stop letting freight trains
               | preempt passenger trains would be for amtrak to build
               | their own tracks. but as long as amtrack has to rely on
               | operating revenue for that sort of project, it's never
               | going to happen because they can't attract enough
               | customers.
        
               | closeparen wrote:
               | Build their own tracks where? Through and adjacent to
               | both natural environments and people's homes. The America
               | where you could do that kind of thing is long gone.
        
         | Joeri wrote:
         | As someone who has chosen to get rid of my car and rely on
         | public transport I would say the biggest problem public
         | transport faces is quality and not cost. For people to trade in
         | their cars connections need to be fast, frequent and a
         | comfortable ride. This requires large investments and having
         | high enough fares helps offset those investments. Making it
         | free makes it harder to achieve that level of quality, so while
         | it will sway the most price-conscious group, it would never
         | convince the masses to take a train instead of their car.
        
           | cormacrelf wrote:
           | If I were a transport operator, I would be worried about
           | losing access to the trip data you get from people constantly
           | scanning their tickets at the start and end of journeys. How
           | do you know how people are using your services if nobody is
           | scanning tickets any more? Maybe counting passengers gives
           | you enough info to deliver capacity at required times.
           | Hopefully the need for data on what actual trips people are
           | taking (to influence line design etc) is not so necessary
           | that operators start doing facial recognition. Yuck.
        
             | elashri wrote:
             | In my city, the metro decided that this summer it will be
             | fare-free on weekends. The bus operators count people in
             | their system as they board. This is how they simply track
             | the usage.
        
             | novok wrote:
             | You don't need image recognition to count passengers, there
             | are other sensor types that could detect bodies. Or you
             | could get rid of the facial recognition parts and just
             | focus and record body shapes, explicitly avoiding trying to
             | track or identify individuals.
        
               | cormacrelf wrote:
               | You missed the distinction between counting passengers on
               | a platform or in a bus, and figuring out what people are
               | using public transport for. "When people get on at this
               | stop, how far do they travel? Are they having to sit on
               | trains for 2 hours or do they only go a few stops? Should
               | we draw a new line here or there?" That's a different
               | question from "how many trains do we need to dedicate to
               | this line between 8 and 9am on a Thursday?" which can be
               | answered by counting. You can kinda guess with the
               | numbers only, but many paid transport systems have had
               | near perfect info on this their entire service lives. It
               | would be weird to lose it.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | > many paid transport systems have had near perfect info
               | on this their entire service lives.
               | 
               | Only if they were entirely built in the last decade and a
               | half. During the hundred years before that, nobody was
               | tracking riders with anything approaching that type of
               | precision, and public transportation was better.
        
             | weaksauce wrote:
             | you could always use the guy collecting tickets to collect
             | that information. or use turnstiles. or a myriad other
             | ways.
        
           | monksy wrote:
           | As someone who has dealt with Lightfoot's destruction of the
           | CTA. (Well not so much as destruction as much as intentional
           | neglect and lying about it over a long period of time) I
           | completely agree with this. CTA used to be mostly reliable
           | and good. Now, there are serious questions as far as to trust
           | it to go out drinking or using it for everyday commuting for
           | work.
           | 
           | As a result our roads have become chaotic to drive on.
        
           | scoofy wrote:
           | I will push back there. Automobiles _rarely_ pay the cost for
           | their transportation infrastructure. Some of the roads are
           | good, some are bad, some are congested some are clear. The
           | populations adjust their life around the infrastructure not
           | the other way around. Since the streets are already free, for
           | public transit to compete in any way, it also ought to be
           | free... we should expect people to adjust to ideal public
           | transit living locations for the exact same reason.
        
             | closeparen wrote:
             | >The populations adjust their life around the
             | infrastructure not the other way around
             | 
             | Public policy should try to make people's lives better, not
             | worse.
        
             | ketzo wrote:
             | Well, the streets aren't free, because you need to buy a
             | car to use them. That's a little pedantic, but I think it's
             | super relevant.
             | 
             | The problem is that as a passenger/consumer, with a car,
             | it's very easy to decide how much to pay for my _own
             | personal_ level of ride quality.
             | 
             | I can spend $2k on an old Camry, or I can spend $200k on a
             | Bentley, but either way, I have _almost_ total control
             | (potholes notwithstanding).
             | 
             | It's really not possible to have that kind of personal
             | control when you're looking at public transit.
        
               | llukas wrote:
               | You can spend $200k on Bentley and still have nowhere to
               | park it at your destination.
        
             | mistrial9 wrote:
             | people literally live on the public transportation in
             | cities.. you have to charge something due to irrational
             | humans
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | Or you can make rules about living on public
               | transportation and enforce them with responders who will
               | offer them a more comfortable place to sleep.
        
           | baby wrote:
           | Just increase taxes for everyone instead of spending a ton of
           | money on trying to catch people not paying their fare or
           | technology to process payment.
        
           | javajosh wrote:
           | _> the biggest problem public transport faces is quality and
           | not cost_
           | 
           | There is an interesting, very American, solution, which is
           | ubiquitous, active surveillance on every form of public
           | transport. Not just for violent threats, but for enforcing
           | (current) vandalism, littering, and even assault laws cheaply
           | and at scale. For the low low cost of a dystopian panopticon
           | you could have, theoretically, a cheaply maintained public
           | transportation system. (The other option, which many other
           | countries employ, is a rigorous culture of respect for public
           | places and public facilities -- for example Japan and
           | Northern Europe.)
        
         | balderdash wrote:
         | While I don't think this stuff needs to make money, I think the
         | goal should be at least be to break even, as people's
         | willingness to pay seems to be the best proxy of its actual
         | utility to society. (E.g. trying to avoid bridges to nowhere
         | [1])
         | 
         | The question then becomes how much if at all do want to
         | subsidize transportation.
         | 
         | [1]https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravina_Island_Bridge
        
           | mytailorisrich wrote:
           | They still definitely need to track usage in order to know
           | which services to schedule.
        
           | clairity wrote:
           | yes, free inevitably means unvalued and creates distortions
           | in markets that lead to unintended consequences (like
           | homeless people using trains as makeshift housing). in
           | contrast, market competition is one of the reasons cited by
           | the tokyo transit system for why they're so good.
           | 
           | also, economists are capable of estimating the ratio of
           | private good to public good for a transit system, and we can
           | simply apportion the funding of the network accordingly. if
           | 40% of the value of transit accrues to the public, then pay
           | that part out of taxes and set fares so that they pay for the
           | other 60%. i'd rather have a system that responds in some
           | proportion to market signals than one that is entirely immune
           | to them.
           | 
           | in LA, they're trying to make transit free, and while i'd
           | benefit from this, i oppose the initiative on these grounds.
        
             | throwaway743 wrote:
             | Have you used Tokyo's multi corp transit? It can be a real
             | headache.
             | 
             | Also, the MTA is private (mostly) and the subway costs a
             | fare, yet there's homeless folks everywhere on the trains.
             | Implementing a fare !== homeless people not setting up shop
             | in subway cars or on the platforms.
             | 
             | * the homeless and housing situation is a deeper issue with
             | many variables. Just pointing at the claim that was made
        
               | clairity wrote:
               | my experience of tokyo was as a tourist some 10 years
               | ago, so i can't speak to the breadth of the transit
               | experience there. i just remember being very impressed
               | with the quantity and punctuality of trains and don't
               | remember any homelessness. that's not to say i saw no
               | homelessness in tokyo, but it seemed tiny compared to LA.
               | i also rode the shinkansen between tokyo and osaka, which
               | felt almost like flying, in contrast to amtrak's acela
               | train on the east coast, which feels only slightly faster
               | for a few short periods.
        
               | coryrc wrote:
               | Huh? The Pasmo card can be used for basically all transit
               | in Tokyo: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasmo
               | 
               | Every train and tram is on schedule. In what way is it a
               | "real headache"?
        
             | 7952 wrote:
             | Surely the free road system is the most serious distortion
             | in the market. And free access to public transport could
             | help rebalance that. We may end up with unintended
             | consequences, but that is likely to be better than the
             | negative consequences we live with right now.
        
               | clairity wrote:
               | yes, we should better price in the cost of free roads
               | rather than try to rebalance by making public transit
               | free. i'd suggest making registration fees even more
               | contingent on length and weight of vehicles, on a
               | superlinearly escalating scale (e.g., some folks suggest
               | to the 4th power due to that being the factor of weight
               | on road wear).
        
           | sam0x17 wrote:
           | Pretty easy to break even if it were fully funded by taxes.
           | Would be a net public good as well.
        
           | ljw1001 wrote:
           | Great idea. Maybe we should try paying the cost of car travel
           | via gas taxes. We could start by just paying the for the
           | entire road, bridge, and highway network, and then add in the
           | costs associated with climate change.
        
             | diordiderot wrote:
             | Better by vehicle weight as road damage is exponential
             | function of weight
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | And that's important as well because a lot of people who
               | don't personally drive cars on the roads use goods
               | transported in that manner, take long distance busses,
               | etc.
        
             | Ma8ee wrote:
             | Not to mention the about 30000 killed in traffic every year
             | in the US.
        
           | ruined wrote:
           | it's possible to measure or estimate ridership, and make
           | judgements that way
           | 
           | also, like highways it's probably on some level subject to
           | induced demand
        
             | Schroedingersat wrote:
             | Transit is far moreso.
             | 
             | Noone is going to ride two disconnected bus services that
             | run four times a day and require walking 30 minutes in
             | between.
             | 
             | Add a connection and make them all run every 30 minutes and
             | suddenly it's viable.
             | 
             | Add a metro with right of way that runs every 5 minutes and
             | has 5 minute walk or 2 minute walk + bus coverage to the
             | entire city and why would you spend money on a car?
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | >why would you spend money on a car?
               | 
               | So you can leave the city. Even people I know who live in
               | cities with decent transit systems that they use mostly
               | still own cars to get away on weekends, do larger
               | shopping trips, etc.
        
           | wildrhythms wrote:
           | Surely people able to go place to place easily and quickly
           | (and presumably generate tax income at those places) is worth
           | more than whatever fare they paid to get there?
        
             | mantas wrote:
             | What if it could be covered by a zoom call and society
             | wouldn't have to foot the rail bill? Trains cost quite a
             | fortune.
        
             | PeterStuer wrote:
             | Yes, except for the car industry, which has a massive
             | lobbying arm.
        
             | balderdash wrote:
             | I think this is true in aggregate, but not at the margin
             | where you are making the decisions. Marginal utility should
             | theoretically decline as you increase capacity (five lane
             | road, six lane road, seven lane road - ignoring capacity
             | induced demand for a moment), if the marginal rider is not
             | willing to spend $2.5 to get where they are going how
             | valuable can the economic activity be at their destination?
        
           | matkoniecz wrote:
           | I would expect the same expectations also from air and car
           | traffic.
           | 
           | If railways are expected to break even, then I expect the
           | same from public funding in roads and airports.
           | 
           | Using the same metrics.
        
             | parkingrift wrote:
             | That's not going to work out in your favor for the simple
             | fact that roads already exist and maintenance is extremely
             | cheap. It's paid for with gasoline taxes.
             | 
             | Whereas rail is unbelievably expensive. The MTA budget for
             | the NYC metro area is $18.6 billion. Compare that to the
             | $11.8 billion budget for the entire New York State
             | Department of Transportation.
             | 
             | ...and that's for an existing rail system.
        
               | eropple wrote:
               | How are you pricing in car externalities?
        
               | ncphil wrote:
               | The NYC subways alone delivered over a billion rides a
               | year, even with Covid.
               | 
               | Highway maintenance is anything but cheap, unless you
               | only do the barest minimum as has been done in the US for
               | decades.
        
               | throwaway743 wrote:
               | The MTA is also known for being riddled with
               | mismanagement and waste. If they worked on optimizing
               | their use of funds/directed funds towards worthwhile
               | improvements, credible vendors, and rooted out
               | waste/corruption, that number would likely be a bit
               | (maybe more than a bit) lower.
               | 
               | Not to mention, the 2nd ave line seemed like a big waste.
        
               | snakeboy wrote:
               | >...roads already exist and maintenance is extremely
               | cheap. It's paid for with gasoline taxes.
               | 
               | According to [0] no state derives more than 71% of its
               | "State & Local Road Spending" from gas taxes. Unclear to
               | me what proportion of the spending is maintenance though.
               | 
               | The best number I could find for maintenance cost was
               | [1], which says in 2015, the average per-mile maintenance
               | cause of US roads is $28,020.
               | 
               | Can anyone help find a comparable figure for rail
               | maintenance?
               | 
               | [0] https://taxfoundation.org/states-road-funding-2019/
               | [1] https://azmag.gov/Portals/0/Documents-
               | Ext/FLCP/Roadway-Maint...
        
               | skeeter2020 wrote:
               | That combines maintenance with new projects though, the
               | GP was only refering to maintaining existing roads.
        
               | diordiderot wrote:
               | > maintenance is extremely cheap
               | 
               | 200+ Billion each year & 5th largest category of state
               | and local public spending behind education, general
               | welfare, and healthcare
               | 
               | > It's paid for with gasoline taxes.
               | 
               | Generated 52 billion so ~25%
        
               | wizofaus wrote:
               | I've seen it estimated elsewhere that a km of heavy rail
               | track is slightly cheaper to build than a single freeway
               | lane. To what degree all the surrounding infrastructure,
               | maintenance and externalities change that equation I'm
               | not sure, but a single track is surely _capable_ of
               | moving a lot more passengers per hour than one freeway
               | lane. Of course there may be relatively few situations it
               | actually does, but if your goal is to get as many people
               | from A to B as quickly and cheaply as possible, rail is
               | surely cheaper.
        
               | gfaster wrote:
               | > roads already exist
               | 
               | The implication in this is that railroads don't already
               | exist, which is simply false. In fact, nearly every town
               | in the Midwest established before 1950 were built on a
               | railroad line. A few notable examples are Las Vegas, Los
               | Angeles, Sacramento, Birmingham, Chicago, St. Louis, and
               | Portland Oregon. Moreover, many suburbs were formed
               | around a streetcar line, which were later torn up to let
               | cars drive there instead.
               | 
               | > maintenance is extremely cheap. It's paid for with
               | gasoline taxes
               | 
               | That is demonstrably false. Gas taxes as of 2011 do not
               | cover road maintenance (at most it's RI with almost 80%
               | and median of about 45% [1]). Furthermore, the federal
               | gas tax (which is supposed to pay for the interstate
               | system) hasn't been increased since 1993, and isn't
               | indexed to inflation. The United States Highway Trust
               | Fund has been relying on non-fuel tax revenue since 2008,
               | and that doesn't look to be changing any time soon [2].
               | Of course, regardless of the actual costs of effective
               | maintenance, you can make any public works project much
               | cheaper by simply not maintaining it. If maintenance was
               | actually "extremely cheap," then it stands to reason that
               | the US would be getting more than a 'D' on roads [3].
               | Even after all of that, it still doesn't factor in the
               | legal requirements for private expenditure on roads, such
               | as minimum parking requirements and extensive R1 zoning.
               | It also doesn't factor in the vast negative externalities
               | of cars (yes, even electric cars).
               | 
               | > Whereas rail is unbelievably expensive
               | 
               | I'm going to ignore that you chose the MTA, a famously
               | corrupt organization that is responsible for tunneling
               | under the densest metro area in the country, as a
               | baseline for the cost of rail. Instead I'm going to point
               | out that car roads have nearly every bureaucratic
               | advantage in the US, for a multitude of reasons. There is
               | a lot of nuance to this, but for anything short of HSR,
               | the expense in railroads is not engineering. If you're
               | interested in a jumping off point for learning more here,
               | check out [4].
               | 
               | [1]: https://taxfoundation.org/gasoline-taxes-and-user-
               | fees-pay-o...
               | 
               | [2]: https://www.enotrans.org/article/ten-years-of-
               | highway-trust-...
               | 
               | [3]: https://infrastructurereportcard.org/cat-item/roads-
               | infrastr... (The Infrastructure Report Card is published
               | by the ASCE, which does have an incentive to create more
               | work for civil engineers, so it's worth taking it with a
               | grain of salt)
               | 
               | [4]: https://palladiummag.com/2022/06/09/why-america-
               | cant-build/
        
           | spaniard89277 wrote:
           | It needs to make money, or break even at least, because it's
           | expensive as hell. Specially since I'm a modal rent and I
           | don't live in Madrid or Barcelona, so hardly able to benefit
           | from this. I can't say I'm very happy subsidizing this
           | operation.
           | 
           | Maybe I'll pay some visit to a city nearby, but I have to be
           | quick since everything which is not HSR has a target in the
           | back for the public operator.
        
             | ljw1001 wrote:
             | If you're not enjoying the weather this summer you're
             | already helping to underwrite the cost of the global car
             | culture.
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | >If Amtrak went that direction and made its transportation
         | close to free, I wonder if we'd see more people try it out.
         | 
         | On the Northeast Corridor it could change the driving equation
         | for couples and families. BUT Amtrak on the Northeast Corridor
         | already runs at pretty high utilization. In fact, I believe
         | there are expansion projects underway.
        
           | balderdash wrote:
           | I was under the impression that the northeast corridor is
           | actually profitable on its own, and keeps the rest of the
           | system from losing even more money
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | That too. Yes. To a first approximation Amtrak makes a fair
             | bit of money on the Northeast Corridor which is then loses
             | it pretty much everywhere else in the country. (There may
             | be a few city pairs that are profitable but not many.)
        
       | gumby wrote:
       | It's good that it focuses on regional rail. I have never
       | understood why drivers don't favor free public transport paid by
       | road taxes: it would take cars off the road and make drivers'
       | lives easier!
        
       | Bostonian wrote:
       | Train travel may consume less energy than car travel, but it is
       | still energy intensive, so I doubt this makes sense if reducing
       | CO2 emissions is the goal.
        
         | throw827474737 wrote:
         | The results of Germany's 9EUR ticket were profound - where it
         | was more meant socially due to rising fuel prices, it had
         | tremendous impact even on traffic jams, and people that were
         | not expected to switched over. As public transport is usually
         | publicly founded and/or subsidized, it also just makes sense to
         | make it free for the public. Sure, the riches didn't like their
         | Sylt getting invaded by Punks ... but except that I think your
         | fear is unfounded, people don't travel just for fun, except for
         | vacation/recreation, and it is much unfairer if the poor family
         | cannot even do that, while better of people can do anything in
         | their megavan (or to the extreme, in their private jet).
         | 
         | Bostonian sounds like Boston ;), is it really so ingrained in
         | the US that everything free or social must be bad?
         | 
         | Some kind of mobility is imo kind of basic right, and it
         | wouldn't hurt us richer nations to more support it. (just to
         | make it clear, saying as someone who likely more pays for it
         | than having any use).
        
           | umanwizard wrote:
           | > is it really so ingrained in the US that everything free or
           | social must be bad?
           | 
           | It's not "the US" as a whole, it's one particular ideology
           | within the US, but yes, it's somewhat more common of a view
           | than in Germany.
        
             | TaylorAlexander wrote:
             | One could argue that neoliberalism has been the dominant
             | ideology in the USA for both parties since Ronald Reagan.
             | Democrats and Republicans simply argue about whether the
             | government should do very little or nothing at all. (Unless
             | they are providing protection to big business, and then the
             | government springs in to action.)
        
               | umanwizard wrote:
               | According to Wikipedia, the total government budget in
               | the US is around $20k per capita[0] which is on par with
               | some very rich European countries like Germany and
               | France.
               | 
               | The problem in the US is extreme waste/inefficiency and
               | unequal access, not lack of spending.
               | 
               | By the way, neoliberalism is the dominant ideology in
               | most countries now, not just the US. But neoliberalism
               | doesn't mean "no state spending"; that would be an
               | exaggerated caricature.
               | 
               | What you're describing is more like libertarianism (in
               | the US sense of the term) which indeed is rather unique
               | to the US, but not the dominant ideology.
               | 
               | [0] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_
               | governm...
        
               | TaylorAlexander wrote:
               | Remove the military from your calculations (for US and
               | for Europe) and you will find the US spends significantly
               | less per capita on its people.
        
           | gernb wrote:
           | the problem is incentives.
           | 
           | Japan is often claimed to have the best trains and subways in
           | the world. They are privately run for profit and the train
           | companies own real estate and business around their stations
           | so it gives them a positive feedback loop. more riders = more
           | patrons for their other businesses.
           | 
           | conversely a public system someone is always trying to cut
           | the budget as it's just an expense from the pov of most
           | governments
        
             | spaniard89277 wrote:
             | In Spain the stations are run by the infrastructure
             | operator, which is a public entity. They don't seem very
             | ambtious though. Arguably many stations are old and it's
             | difficult to transform them to shopping malls. They
             | typically run just a bar and a couple of shops.
        
         | igorkraw wrote:
         | On top of what sibling comment said, trains will go anyway, so
         | increasing occupancy means less total carbon since otherwise
         | you'd have train+car. And for some people, this might mean not
         | taking the plane, although I'm unsure about the fraction.
        
         | dagurp wrote:
         | Do you have any reason to doubt that?
        
         | bertil wrote:
         | Train transport is far less, about _seven times less_ ,
         | intensive per passenger than cars. Trains allow the production
         | of CO2 to be centralised into a few power plants, owned by a
         | handful of companies that are easy to monitor, regulate, and
         | put around a table to coerce into emission-free solutions.
         | Spain's electricity carbon intensity is expected to fall from
         | 167 g/kWh in 2020 to 37 g/kWh in 2050 thanks to the exceptional
         | potential of all types of solar and abundant opportunities for
         | wind farms.
         | 
         | If you don't believe me, plot the numbers yourself: train
         | impact will literally be the width of your pen.
        
         | nodja wrote:
         | If the train is free people will choose it more often than
         | driving or taking a uber/cab thus saving on CO2 since the train
         | would've been running whether it's full or empty.
        
           | gernb wrote:
           | it has more to do if the trains are nice, clean, safe, on
           | time, plentiful, convenient that price compared to uber
        
             | smileysteve wrote:
             | India has joined the chatm
             | 
             | There are multiple aspects depending on what you're trying
             | to accomplish.
             | 
             | Your list is great if the target market is upper middle
             | class (great for voters and private interest groups).
             | Convenient and plentiful are really the ones that matter
             | for economic mobility (person that can't get afford car,
             | gas,insurance)
        
           | severino wrote:
           | On the other hand, if this makes that the trains go full,
           | people already using it may go back to driving or taking a
           | ubar/cab.
        
             | californical wrote:
             | "Nobody ever goes there anymore, it's way too crowded!"
             | 
             | Really though, how is this an issue? A few people might not
             | use trains anymore because they are packed full of new
             | people? The net result is more people using trains
        
               | severino wrote:
               | In Spain, public transportation already suffers from many
               | problems. And this can only make it worse, because guess
               | what? The government isn't spending a single cent in
               | improving our network, it's only going to allow people to
               | board for free. And I don't think anybody already using
               | his car will now use the train, because despite being
               | "free" now, it's not going to be better than using your
               | own car. But you're right, I don't think anybody using
               | the train will switch to the car again, because
               | fortunately, this will only last until December. And it
               | won't start until September, because the government
               | didn't want the tourists to benefit from this measure.
        
         | Yacoby wrote:
         | The goal is to help with the cost of living issues (in part
         | caused by high gas costs) and I think reducing CO2 is
         | secondary.
         | 
         | Additionally I _suspect_ trains (at least electric ones) have
         | far less C02 emissions than cars. I 'm not sure how electrified
         | Spains rail is.
        
           | Arnt wrote:
           | Your suspicion is correct, under conditions that generally
           | apply.
           | 
           | Trains on level ground have _extremely_ low rolling
           | resistance. This means that if you have enough train sets for
           | peak service, running the train sets all day often makes
           | sense, because the additional cost (in terms of CO2) of
           | operating a train set for an additional hour is so low. It
           | also means that adding passengers to a half-full train is
           | practically free (again, in CO2).
        
           | lucb1e wrote:
           | > at least electric ones
           | 
           | Diesel trains are better than diesel cars. Carrying a 1000 kg
           | shell for an average of 1.something persons with its own
           | engine and air resistance, and needing to be able to stop in
           | a few hundred meters even at top speed, is less efficient
           | than having one engine and one front side to push air out of
           | the way and low rolling resistance for transporting many
           | people, if you compare equal fuel sources.
           | 
           | But then cars are more flexible because you can take your
           | portable shell anywhere at any time, not like the train. Then
           | again, I like train rides (especially the Arriva trains
           | between Sittard and Roermond are super comfy). There's a
           | future for both, I'd say as someone who takes the bus and
           | train at every opportunity (including for daily commute) but
           | still finds himself in a car regularly.
        
           | belter wrote:
           | "63.7% of the kilometers of railway lines managed by Adif and
           | Adif AV are electrified. In addition, 83% of train-km is done
           | by electric trains."
           | 
           | "Spain opts for massive electricity savings by using railway
           | tech" https://www.banenor.no/en/startpage1/News/spain-opts-
           | for-mas...
           | 
           | "Percentage of the railway lines in use in Europe in 2019
           | which were electrified, by country"
           | 
           | https://www.statista.com/statistics/451522/share-of-the-
           | rail...
        
         | standardUser wrote:
         | That's an staggeringly ignorant statement. Trains produce less
         | CO2 per passenger mile than virtually any other form of
         | transportation.
        
         | toiletfuneral wrote:
        
       | skeeter2020 wrote:
       | >> It also has another clear objective: helping citizens to
       | reduce fuel consumption as energy prices soar.
       | 
       | Train travel may be "better" than auto, but reducing consumption
       | by making the product free doesn't mesh with any economics I've
       | ever studied.
        
       | DarthNebo wrote:
       | Wonder by when we will have global electric railway lines for
       | passengers & containers
        
       | AdrianB1 wrote:
       | Minor correction: nobody can make the train travel free, just
       | make it available without paying for. There is no free lunch,
       | even if the title is suggesting otherwise.
        
         | mdp2021 wrote:
         | I grant you, the title is quite clear - only a minority could
         | assume that salaries, maintenance etc. will be for free.
        
         | standardUser wrote:
         | Does pedantry actually count as a "correction"?
        
         | DRW_ wrote:
         | With this correction, are you under the impression that people
         | are assuming there's no cost to running trains now?
        
           | hardwaregeek wrote:
           | Exactly. In what world is this correction necessary?
        
             | robertlagrant wrote:
             | In this one. People often think things are free when
             | they're actually paid for by other people's taxes or
             | inflation.
        
               | DRW_ wrote:
               | Who thinks that except maybe some very small, very
               | ignorant and insignificant minority of people? I don't
               | understand why people feel the need to point this out -
               | everyone already knows this.
        
               | mdp2021 wrote:
               | I will raise an exception to the use of '<<know>>', which
               | is not really defined in terms of "actually discriminate"
               | vs "being able to discriminate". Meaning:
               | 
               | It is not that "people know that money does not come from
               | cornucopiae": it is more that they are supposed not to
               | hold the idea. Or: it should be implicit knowledge, not
               | explicit. Or: you do not need to think about it to avoid
               | dreaming that "streets are maintained by volunteers" (for
               | lack of more absurd insanities at hand). Or: it's mental
               | hygiene not to be delirious and work through a "yes/no"
               | system - you are supposed to have plentiful buffers that
               | avoid you holding weak ideas...
               | 
               | Edit: or, if really that is something you find in
               | society, you have a big elephant in the room (education)
               | with priority over trains and everything.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | Can you provide an example where you would "actually
               | discriminate" that something is free? It seems to me that
               | the same obnoxious technicality that opposed ordinary
               | uses of the word "free" can be applied to literally any
               | usage of the word "free."
        
               | mdp2021 wrote:
               | (I am not sure we have fully understood each other, but.)
               | 
               | You know that (the software application) Audacity is free
               | (in some sense of "free"), because in your exploration
               | you found the notion.
               | 
               | You do not need to know explicitly that Audacity was
               | produced our of an effort that cost resources to the
               | developers and other facilitators, because the proper
               | mental process involves much more that you do not develop
               | the opposite idea.
               | 
               | There may be again a link with the words of the late
               | Prof. Patrick Winston: "Intelligence is that you do not
               | need to run around holding a bucket full of gravel to
               | reliably imagine what would happen" (not literal quote).
        
               | hardwaregeek wrote:
               | Is that true? You appear to be making a point about
               | government spending, which, sure, go for it. But I
               | wouldn't resort to straw men like "people think a free
               | train service costs nothing".
        
               | juunpp wrote:
               | Nobody believes that.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | No, people think things are free if they are offered at
               | no cost, because that's what the word means.
        
               | umanwizard wrote:
               | Nobody actually believes that state-funded stuff
               | magically doesn't cost anyone anything. This is just a
               | strawman.
        
               | argentinian wrote:
               | In Argentina, many people that what the state gives can
               | really be free. Just talk with people from Argentina, ask
               | in forums, if you know people from the country ask them,
               | ask in reddit. It's not a strawman, there are many cases.
               | You may be fortunate and not see them, but in poorer
               | countries with worse education it happens.
        
               | spaniard89277 wrote:
               | You can bet we know this in Spain.
        
               | mdp2021 wrote:
               | Robert, go out ASAP and start demanding with the
               | uttermost force that """free""" education is provided to
               | them.
        
           | AdrianB1 wrote:
           | In my country, Romania, most people believe the state has
           | their own money that are used to pay for stuff. Even if they
           | pay taxes, people still believe there is no strict
           | correlation. Is it an education problem? Yes. Is it an
           | important distinction that needs to be made every single time
           | until they understand? YES. And I saw that in most of the
           | countries around (former Eastern European Communist
           | countries). This is because nobody tells kids and young
           | adults in school how the basic government financing works,
           | not even in most universities.
           | 
           | A couple of million of these Romanians live in Spain. Guess
           | what they think about "free trains".
        
             | pcrh wrote:
             | Well, there isn't a strict correlation between the taxes
             | people pay and state spending. Typically, taxes cover about
             | 70-80% of state spending.
        
               | AdrianB1 wrote:
               | And where is the rest coming from? Borrowing money? I
               | have an extreme experience and knowledge about the
               | finances of my country, I can tell you are wrong at least
               | for this country.
        
               | pcrh wrote:
               | Income from government-owned assets, borrowing money, and
               | printing money are the principal other sources of
               | government spending. For Romania you can also add
               | disbursements from the EU.
        
             | argentinian wrote:
             | In Argentina the situation is exactly the same.
        
       | baggy_trough wrote:
       | Unless there's some kind of enforcement mechanism, free public
       | transit becomes the abode of the homeless.
        
         | belter wrote:
         | This is Spain not Silicon Valley.
         | 
         | For a country of 48 million people, there is a calculated total
         | of homelessness of 40,000. And they have social services to
         | support them.
         | 
         | By contrast, 40,000 is the amount of homeless just in the San
         | Francisco Area...
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homelessness_in_Spain
        
           | AdrianB1 wrote:
           | When free buss passes were issued in Bucharest, Romania, to
           | people over 65 years old there was a major problem with some
           | of these people taking the bus across town for most of the
           | day during winter and turn off the heating at home. Others
           | were crossing the town for several hours a day because they
           | were bored at home. It was reported in local newspapers and
           | even national TV. One does not need to be really homeless to
           | figure out it is convenient to occupy a bus or a train.
        
             | rsynnott wrote:
             | Public transport has been free for people over 66 in
             | Ireland for as long as I remember, without a plague of old
             | people living on the train. That seems more like a local
             | problem.
        
             | lucb1e wrote:
             | > It was reported in local newspapers and even national TV.
             | 
             | But did you also experience it IRL? Usually the things that
             | are newsworthy are not the common standard that everyone is
             | actually experiencing in day-to-day life.
        
               | AdrianB1 wrote:
               | Correct, my statistical experiment with a sample of 1 is
               | more relevant than several, independent journalists doing
               | investigations. I will better myself.
        
               | scrollaway wrote:
               | If your journalists are calling something a "major
               | problem" and you're not seeing a single instance of it, I
               | too got some independent news for you.
        
               | AdrianB1 wrote:
               | I did see that with my own eyes, I was just telling this
               | is not mandatory for me to believe it, I heard it from
               | too many sources, some quite reliable. I can know things
               | that I did not personally encounter, it is a human
               | characteristic.
        
             | wizofaus wrote:
             | Why is it actually a problem, unless they're stopping other
             | travellers with more genuine needs from being able to use
             | said buses?
        
         | occz wrote:
         | Trying to use a ticketing system as a solution to the
         | inconvenience of having to see people without homes is a
         | particularly awful take.
         | 
         | Solve the problem of homelessness by making homes and putting
         | the homeless people in them, don't use a public transportation
         | ticketing system as a means of driving them out of sight.
        
         | smileysteve wrote:
         | Physical mobility is one of the most limiting factors for
         | economic mobility.
         | 
         | So if some homeless people on trains can reduce the total
         | number of homeless it seems like a policy win.
        
           | baggy_trough wrote:
           | Not if it drives regular citizens from the trains. They would
           | become an extremely expensive housing supply rather than
           | transportation.
        
         | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
         | Should not be an issue in Europe. Usually homeless people have
         | other options than sleeping in public transport here.
        
           | odiroot wrote:
           | Still a big issue in Berlin.
        
             | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
             | Berlin is not an example of a well run city by European
             | standards, despite the high tech wages and being a capital
             | city.
             | 
             | Maybe good by Eastern European standards.
        
           | Ferrotin wrote:
           | It helps that they have less civil rights in Europe. Or less
           | civil liberties. In America the state is very restricted in
           | how it can deal with the homeless.
        
             | andrewaylett wrote:
             | I'm not sure exactly what sort of "dealing with" you're
             | imaginging, but the lack of homeless folk on our public
             | transport isn't because they've been locked up, it's
             | because they're (for the most part) sleeping in a building.
             | For reference:
             | https://www.gov.scot/publications/homelessness-scotland-
             | upda...
             | 
             | Only 1% of Scotland's homeless were intentionally homeless,
             | and 4% reported sleeping rough the previous night -- a
             | total of 690 across Scotland. Which is still 690 too many.
             | 
             | And yes, it's not free of charge to the public purse, but
             | it's significantly cheaper than _not_ providing support and
             | then needing to deal with the consequences.
        
             | juunpp wrote:
             | What are you even talking about?
        
             | mdp2021 wrote:
             | Please explain. You may give the idea Europe can deal with
             | the problem through some unclear authoritarian action.
        
               | Ferrotin wrote:
               | The U.S., specially certain states, has what other
               | countries would call extreme limits on its ability to
               | deal with mentally ill vagrants. An inability to
               | involuntarily institutionalize them, or even throw out
               | the stuff they abandon on the sidewalk. It isn't from
               | lack of money spent on these people.
               | 
               | So you see them riding the BART in San Francisco, making
               | a nuisance of themselves, while also, the city spends a
               | ton of money and has homeless shelters.
               | 
               | Also, the basic ability of police to hassle people is
               | less.
        
             | rsynnott wrote:
             | While it'll obviously vary by country, in general the state
             | "deals with" homelessness by offering free or subsidised
             | housing (preferable) and/or temporary and emergency
             | accommodation. Not sure what's particularly anti-civil-
             | liberties about that.
        
             | baggachipz wrote:
             | Social safety net == "less civil rights' and "less civil
             | liberties"? Wow, I'd love to hear how one could ever arrive
             | at that conclusion.
        
           | MoreSEMI wrote:
           | Do you live in europe? I do and it being europe does not mean
           | I haven't seen homeless in public transport.
        
       | odiroot wrote:
       | Living in England, I don't even dream about having free travel.
       | But having very affordable local trains and buses would be good
       | enough. And it's quite feasible too.
        
       | dplesca wrote:
       | I visited Berlin this summer and Germany has a 9 euro ticket that
       | gives you unlimited travel on local/regional transport services
       | during until the end of the calendar month. The ticket can be
       | bought only throughout the summer months.
       | 
       | For a tourist that was in town only for a few days, it was just
       | amazing, no worries when taking any public transport for ticket
       | zones, right tickets or time of availability. I imagine it was
       | great for commuters too, price-wise at the very least. To me it
       | seems like a great idea, honestly, I'm just not sure what the
       | _real_ costs were and how financially viable such a measure would
       | be over the long term.
        
         | pcrh wrote:
         | I believe part of the motivation for this EUR9 ticket is to
         | reduce demand for Russian-sourced petrol/gas used by private
         | vehicles.
        
           | ratww wrote:
           | Exactly. According to German Wikipedia:
           | 
           |  _" The ticket is part of a relief package decided by the
           | Scholz cabinet due to the increased energy costs due to the
           | Russian attack on Ukraine"_
           | 
           | [1] https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-Euro-Ticket
        
         | ratww wrote:
         | I'm also a big fan!
         | 
         |  _> The ticket can be bought only throughout the summer
         | months._
         | 
         | The ticket is a new thing, by the way. The reason it's only
         | available in "summer months" is because they haven't finished
         | thinking about how it's gonna be after that.
         | 
         | However the transport companies already manifested interest in
         | continuing with the ticket for EUR69 [1]. Sure, not EUR9 but
         | still progress. Some parties recently suggested EUR365 per
         | year. Both are still a great price IMO considering I used to
         | pay EUR40 a month (EUR63 in total, my company pays the rest),
         | for a ticket that only covered Berlin!
         | 
         | [1] https://www.tagesschau.de/wirtschaft/verbraucher/69-euro-
         | tic...
         | 
         | [2] https://www.iamexpat.de/expat-info/german-expat-news/left-
         | ca...
        
           | solarkraft wrote:
           | I'm not sure I'd pay 70EUR a month, but 30EUR/month would be
           | attractive. 70EUR or more would totally be attractive if the
           | service was actually of good quality.
        
             | ratww wrote:
             | Makes total sense to me.
             | 
             | I personally would probably pay the EUR69 if my employer
             | paid a part, since I already pay EUR40 / EUR63 for Berlin,
             | which I consider a good deal.
             | 
             | But for people that have a car and tourists EUR70 is indeed
             | a bit steep.
        
           | djvdq wrote:
           | EUR69 is still a great price. Before I started to work fully
           | remotely I was driving by train to work I found that our
           | local train carrier here in Poland (Koleje Dolnoslaskie) have
           | something like this in offer. For 320 zl (~EUR67 back then,
           | I'm not sure about current price) you can go wherever you
           | want by their train. So basically covers entire Lower
           | Silesian Voivodeship. What's also great about them is that
           | they are buying all railroads possible to put trains there
           | and their goal is to: (1) all cities have train connection
           | available and (2) they want it to be free somewhere in
           | future. It's already great and there are way more people
           | travelling by train than it was about e.g. 10 years ago.
        
         | pjmlp wrote:
         | Traveling by train in Germany is great, but it also an endless
         | pandora box of adventures, specially during weekends.
         | 
         | The 9 euro ticket is a nice idea, how well it holds on, even on
         | long period depends on improving the infrastructure.
         | 
         | Just today I took almost 3h to what I usually do in 30m with
         | the car over the motorway.
         | 
         | Yep 2h 30m extra by taking the 2x bus + train + subway +
         | waiting times instead of the car.
        
         | ThePadawan wrote:
         | As a German: It is amazing, but not just because of the price,
         | also because of the unbelievable simplicity that it makes
         | possible.
         | 
         | You pay 9EUR and you get 1 ticket. The transport company then
         | charges the government back based on usage.
         | 
         | Why is this a big deal? Well, try finding out how to get
         | anywhere in Germany not using the national railroad. Here's the
         | map [0].
         | 
         | Not only is there hundreds of local transport companies, they
         | are also all part of different, partially overlapping,
         | partially non-boundary-aligned conglomerates for which your
         | ticket might or might not be valid.
         | 
         | It's insanity.
         | 
         | [0]
         | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/Karte_de...
        
           | ntauthority wrote:
           | The 'normal' system being complex is a bit exaggerated here -
           | if you have to travel one-off via local multi-mode
           | transportation you'd usually just get a regional Deutsche
           | Bahn day ticket which will generally by accepted by local
           | transport companies as well, and I believe various variants
           | of these would also exist for longer-timespan tickets.
           | 
           | Still, that would not be as handy as the _mostly_ unified
           | billing system using NFC cards we have in the Netherlands
           | since the late 2000s, where if you do not have any
           | entitlement valid on a particular mode of transportation, it
           | uses a charge card balance as such.
           | 
           | While this isn't as innovative nowadays as it used to be,
           | it's still notable as it works in the entire country, which,
           | while small, is still not a city-state.
        
             | solarkraft wrote:
             | But then you lose a lot of flexibility and pay insane
             | prices. Where I live regional travel (what's being called
             | complicated here and what the 9EUR ticket is valid for) can
             | reasonably cover distances of 50-100km where I live, which
             | covers quite a lot of cities.
        
             | ThePadawan wrote:
             | > if you have to travel one-off via local multi-mode
             | transportation you'd usually just get a regional Deutsche
             | Bahn day ticket which will generally by accepted by local
             | transport companies as well
             | 
             | I believe that applies in the areas on the map marked in
             | yellow (that are not shaded yellow+gray). So I agree that
             | this applies _widely_ but certainly not everywhere. I must
             | admit I come from an area of Germany where this doesn 't
             | apply.
        
         | stop50 wrote:
         | It costed the state 2.5 billion euro for three months. The
         | ministry tasked with evironment protection, nuclear safety and
         | consumer protection has an similar budget in 2021.
        
         | kwhitefoot wrote:
         | I've been staying in the Torbay area in the UK where the local
         | bus company has a 5 GBP ticket for unlimited local travel in
         | one day, or 18 GBP for a week.
         | 
         | I think that the point is that once you reach the point that
         | all the locals who will take the bus are already taking the bus
         | then you have to consider how to attract people who don't
         | normally take the bus (train, etc.). At this point the marginal
         | cost of carrying an extra passenger is almost zero so any extra
         | sale is almost pure profit. So you can drop the price quite
         | low, just make it competitive with the cost of parking a car
         | and away you go.
        
         | tomputer wrote:
         | I did the same, visted Berlin a few weeks ago. It was indeed
         | nice that I could take any S-Bahn or U-Bahn without checking
         | the times or zones.
         | 
         | I hope they'll continue with this type of 'unlimited' tickes.
         | If only during peak summer/winter months. I guess a lot of
         | people would gladly pay more for such unlimited (no worry)
         | tickets.
        
         | morsch wrote:
         | Well, on it's own it's not viable at all, the federal
         | government paid for it to the tune of about 2.5 billion EUR.
         | Money well spent, if you ask me.
        
           | matkoniecz wrote:
           | > not viable at all
           | 
           | Depends on how much can be saved on road construction and
           | maintenance.
        
           | dplesca wrote:
           | Imo viability should be considered if the price that the
           | government pays is worth it, the 2022 budget seems to be
           | around EUR457.6 billion. 2.5 billion seems to be totally
           | worth it, as you agree.
           | 
           | If the measure would be kept year-round, it would cost around
           | 10 billion, which seems a tad high. Are these costs offset
           | somehow by the symbolic price of the ticket? Until 15 of July
           | they sold around 30 million tickets so overall over the 3
           | months, maybe 40-45 million tickets would be sold. That makes
           | 360-405 million, so around 14-16% of the cost. I'm not sure
           | if this money goes to the transport companies or is used to
           | offset the government's costs. If the ticket stays, but the
           | price increases 2x or 3x (that would still be an enormous
           | bargain IMO), costs would be offset even more, probably.
           | 
           | It's debatable of the economical effect that this measure
           | already had, taking in consideration higher efficiency of
           | public transport, more disposable money for the population,
           | freer roads that might lead to more efficient transport
           | services etc. Except the flat cost for the government and the
           | long-term cost of infrastructure (which might be huge) I
           | really can't see many negatives for this measure.
        
             | Fissionary wrote:
             | > freer roads that might lead to more efficient transport
             | services etc.
             | 
             | https://www.destatis.de/DE/Presse/Pressemitteilungen/2022/0
             | 7...
             | 
             | Statistics show a huge increase in rail traffic, but only a
             | small reduction in road traffic between cities. People just
             | started taking extra train journeys for pleasure.
        
               | asymmetric wrote:
               | This could absolutely be due to novelty.
        
             | matkoniecz wrote:
             | > cost of infrastructure
             | 
             | It may be negative, as permanent change would allow to
             | reduce road and parking funding.
             | 
             | Also, overall pollution would be lower.
        
           | lock-the-spock wrote:
           | Cheaper than most motorway building projects!
        
             | ratww wrote:
             | Wow. When you put it this way it makes complete sense.
        
         | peoplefromibiza wrote:
         | I'm in Rome and the full year pass for all public transports
         | (including trains but only for transits between train stations
         | in Rome) costed me 125 euros.
        
       | hgazx wrote:
       | Spain is completely broke as it is. The amount of money the
       | socialists of this country waste is astonishing.
        
         | systemvoltage wrote:
         | Goverment dependence and eradication of normal transportation
         | means in the name of some cause. That doesn't sound too
         | appealing to me.
         | 
         | The pace at which socialism on HN and progressive circles is
         | being propelled is quite alarming. The same hand that feeds us,
         | Capitalism, that's now being exercised in Asia to lift people
         | out of poverty at an astonishing rate; the same hand is being
         | bitten off by people who are enamored with the emotional appeal
         | of socialism. It is too easy to sell socialism to public. An
         | entire generation of people who value emotions over rational
         | thought.
         | 
         | Worth reading:
         | https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/21/opinion/david-brooks-capi...
        
           | throwrqX wrote:
           | Countries like China are not capitalist. They may use some
           | aspects of capitalist systems but the political systems there
           | are thoroughly authoritarian communist.
        
             | systemvoltage wrote:
             | What are you talking about? China's economy is absolutely
             | capitalist, even modeled in the same way (Shenzhen economic
             | zone akin to Ireland's) with some state intervention as of
             | late. China's adoption of capitalism, as well as post-1991
             | India, is the precise reason for flourishment and lifting
             | millions of people out of poverty.
             | 
             | https://hbr.org/2021/05/americans-dont-know-how-
             | capitalist-c...
             | 
             | What other countries "like China"?
        
       | Daveenjay wrote:
       | Swiss trains are where it's at. Check this video from Not just
       | bikes channel
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/muPcHs-E4qc
        
         | ssl232 wrote:
         | The difference is ultimately money. A while ago (early 90s?)
         | Switzerland voted to spend lots of money on the railway network
         | to make it work the way it does. It was discussed on HN before.
         | The video you linked notes single tickets are expensive and
         | most commuters get half price or free travel paid by their
         | employers. It's still a marvel, and I'd love to have the Swiss
         | train network in my country even if it costs the same, but
         | definitely worth pointing out when comparing to countries who
         | don't have the political will to spend more on their railways.
        
       | fulafel wrote:
       | The traditional train pricing system seems to result in
       | underutilization of a valuable service. Train transit system cost
       | is dominated by fixed costs of the rail network and adding extra
       | cars to trains is relatively cheap, so free or heavily subsidized
       | prices that raise utilization just under congestion level are
       | good policy.
        
       | justinhj wrote:
       | It's not free it's tax payer funded. If Americans hate the idea
       | of paying for someone else's healthcare they're not going to like
       | paying for their travel either
        
         | standardUser wrote:
         | "It's not free it's tax payer funded."
         | 
         | Did they teach you that at the Pedant's Academy for Libertarian
         | Nonsense?
         | 
         | Yeah, government services cost money and the primary source of
         | government revenue is taxes. You really cracked the code on
         | this one.
        
           | seizethecheese wrote:
           | Regardless of how inane the original point was here, your
           | reply comes across as nasty and equally inane.
        
             | justinhj wrote:
             | It's not inane at all. People love the idea of free
             | healthcare, loan forgiveness etc, but don't like the idea
             | of higher taxes
        
           | argentinian wrote:
           | Believe it or not, at least in my country there is a lot of
           | people that is not aware of what you mention. Educated people
           | like HN readers do, but populist governments (like the one in
           | my country) love to highlight all the "free" stuff that
           | _they_ give to the people.
        
             | standardUser wrote:
             | I think you _think_ that is what other people believe
             | because you want someone to blame or think you 're better
             | than. People aren't that stupid.
        
               | argentinian wrote:
               | Come to Argentina and talk to people. It's very cheap
               | right now for foreigners. There are situations that
               | people who was raised in an educated home in the first
               | world find it hard to believe, but that happen anyways.
               | 
               | Edit: I'll elaborate the point. There are people here
               | that for more than 3 or 4 generations lived without
               | working, being totally maintained by the state. Also a
               | lot of that people never finish elementary school. So
               | what happens is that they never think about where what
               | they get comes from. It's normal for them to live 'for
               | free' without ever considering how that works.
        
               | standardUser wrote:
               | When someone gives you a "free" candy bar, no one thinks
               | it materialized out of the sky. We _all_ know it had to
               | be made somewhere and that process cost money. People
               | where you live may not all have sophisticated
               | understanding of taxation and government expenditures,
               | but they are not _so_ stupid as to pretend things just
               | happen by literal magic. They know a doctor they visit
               | gets a paycheck and a train the ride costs money to
               | maintain and that these things aren 't paid for with
               | magic.
               | 
               | So what is their explanation when you talk to them? Do
               | they actually say it is magic? Or do they acknowledge the
               | universally-known fact that stuff costs money? I can't
               | think of a third explanation, so it must be one of the
               | two.
               | 
               | They may not share you same perspectives or understanding
               | about how taxation works, who is paying those taxes, how
               | those taxes are spent etc. But I seriously doubt they
               | think it is faeries and wizards.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | argentinian wrote:
               | I'm just explaining facts that most people in Argentina
               | would agree with, and get downvotes because what I say
               | sounds completely absurd to educated people who live in
               | developed countries. Argentina's economy is a mess and
               | there are good reasons for it. If you want to check what
               | I say, you can go to /r/argentina and ask there.
        
               | argentinian wrote:
               | It's about this that you mention:
               | 
               | > do they acknowledge the universally-known fact that
               | stuff costs money?
               | 
               | No. They don't. I understand if it sounds absurd to you.
               | But that's how it is here.
               | 
               | It's simple: by default they don't think about it. They
               | evaluate only considering the short term results. Its
               | like this: Free -> like. Pay -> don't like.
               | 
               | Of course if you talk with them they are able to
               | understand, but many of them never ever gave any
               | consideration to the matter. They don't believe magic
               | explanations, they just don't think about it. For
               | generations they got most things for free, they don't
               | care how it works.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-07-23 23:00 UTC)