[HN Gopher] GoodbyeDPI: Deep Packet Inspection circumvention uti...
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       GoodbyeDPI: Deep Packet Inspection circumvention utility
        
       Author : davikr
       Score  : 267 points
       Date   : 2022-07-23 02:00 UTC (21 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (github.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (github.com)
        
       | rixrax wrote:
       | Looking at the circumvention techniques GoodbyeDPI uses makes me
       | want to cry. Is this really the state of DPI in 2022: changing
       | Host to hoSt, or adding white spaces between method and URI
       | actually works?
        
         | progbits wrote:
         | Censorship companies probably can't hire good talent. I'm
         | actually glad to see this, however it might get patched if this
         | tool becomes too widespread.
        
           | gjulianm wrote:
           | It's not as much about talent but about tradeoffs. I work in
           | traffic monitoring tools (not censorship, just observability
           | tools for infrastructure) there's always the decision of how
           | many edge cases you want to cover vs how fast you want your
           | tool to go. At millions of packets per second, an extra "if"
           | might make a big difference in the throughput you're able to
           | monitor. So maybe it's actually reasonable to ignore the .1%
           | that use "hoSt" instead of "Host" to avoid losing .5% of the
           | packets.
        
             | someguydave wrote:
             | More importantly, using "hoSt" is a self-declaration of
             | being an enemy of the censorship regime which is probably
             | dangerous in Russia.
        
           | nnx wrote:
           | Or perhaps some good talent somehow ending up working there
           | made sure the system is full of plausibly deniable holes.
        
             | userbinator wrote:
             | Interesting to see the two meanings of good appear in both
             | your and your parent's comment.
        
             | friendlyHornet wrote:
             | I would like to believe that; it makes me feel warm and
             | comfortable
        
           | ValdikSS wrote:
           | That was true 3-4 years ago but nowadays they're getting
           | surprisingly good, and that's alarming.
        
           | Avamander wrote:
           | I suspect it's not even about not being able to, there's very
           | little motivation. I had a brief contact with ZScaler who
           | operates approximately in this area of traffic inspection,
           | they literally have no clue and they don't care. Their
           | service can be hot flaming trash but people will still pay
           | them money because they check some boxes. I'm sure it applies
           | to other companies in the same area as well.
        
         | pelasaco wrote:
         | most the engines out there weren't made for security but
         | performance. It's disturbing and relaxing at the same time to
         | see how easy it is to bypass them. Something that works 100% is
         | to multiplex a channel, changing it protocols after some
         | packages. You do the SSL handshake, than after some amount of
         | time, you switch it to SSH, I think something like that
         | https://github.com/yrutschle/sslh (couldn't find the real
         | repository that I used, but that one looks similar) could be
         | used after the detection to bypass filters
        
         | cmgbhm wrote:
         | You can get really far with cheap techniques when your goal is
         | to dissuade. The bigger concern I'd have is statistical
         | analysis of top offender.
         | 
         | Every OSI layer offers more bypass techniques and is the
         | halting problem where your goal is to get value without making
         | everything break when a new browser comes out. You can't cover
         | all options as a 3rd party and get it perfect.
         | 
         | The higher up application layer, the easier it is to bypass.
         | The more you try to classify without impact
         | (dpi,ids,waf,spam,av), the easier bypasses are.
         | 
         | The domains that get effective like spam have quicker feedback
         | loops. Network middle boxes have the slowest response cycle
         | where they are explicitly called out in RFCs
         | 
         | <script> In a url might get blocked but <script >... bc it's
         | string matching and not layer aware.
        
         | Ekaros wrote:
         | It is harder problem that it sounds. Deep packet inspection
         | needs to happen at some linespeed. More work you do the harder
         | it is to process it all fast enough. You can write stuff for
         | single packets, but when you have lot of connections happening
         | it becomes much harder problem.
        
           | vlovich123 wrote:
           | Isn't this stuff typically specially built HW? I feel like an
           | ASIC can accelerate this stuff fairly quickly although the
           | volumes/pricing may not warrant building that. Also if you're
           | matching on host name there's no reason you even need to keep
           | up with line rate. All you need is to do is keep up with the
           | connection establishment rate and you can always do the
           | processing in the background and just issue a TCP reset after
           | the fact.
        
             | vbezhenar wrote:
             | Can you update ASICs with new firmware?
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | No but I suspect many hardware products use FPGAs, which
               | can be updated as you would firmware, and indeed are
               | often updated during firmware updates.
        
               | guardiangod wrote:
               | Your suspicion is wrong. Sorry.
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | I actually work in the field (networking) and FPGAs are
               | very common in professional telecommunication equipments,
               | hence my suspicion/guess that DPI are the same,
               | especially since I'm also guessing that this is the sort
               | of thing that may be updated often. So I think my
               | 'suspicion' is at least as good as yours.
        
               | guardiangod wrote:
               | As long as we are pulling ranks,
               | 
               | I worked in a DPI/firewall company and my work ran on the
               | ASIC accelerator, so nah, my 'guess' is probably better.
               | 
               | FPGA is not worth the trouble. You get neither the (line)
               | speed of ASIC, nor the flexibility of running everything
               | in the CPU. Most serious DPI hardware vendors have
               | stopped using it.
               | 
               | But you are right that it's no fun trying to workaround
               | ASIC bugs.
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | Well you made a laconic, non-substantive reply so you
               | ought to expect pushback.
               | 
               | FGPAs allow near-ASIC speeds with effectively the
               | flexibility of software in that they can be updated via
               | firmware upgrades, with much cheaper dev. costs than
               | ASICs. They do have a higher unit cost than ASICs but
               | only at high volume. For anything that is 'low' volume an
               | ASIC may not make financial sense at all in any case.
               | 
               | I am no expert in DPI specifically but Google suggests
               | that using FPGAs for DPI is an active commercial topic.
        
         | userbinator wrote:
         | I suspect it is also due to the scale at which DPI is used;
         | every additional bit of complexity quickly adds up to increase
         | the amount of processing power required.
        
         | malf wrote:
         | Don't google "request smuggling vuln"; this is the state of all
         | proxies and load balancers. Everyone tests the happy path and
         | calls it a day.
        
         | ValdikSS wrote:
         | No, unfortunately almost no of these naive methods longer
         | works. However the protocol spoofing ("fake packet" in
         | GoodbyeDPI) with Auto-TTL is pretty effective on most ISPs of
         | Russia, Korea, Indonesia, Turkey.
        
         | kazinator wrote:
         | If you're spying on people who use plain HTTP, why would you
         | expect them to be clever.
        
         | fafefifofu wrote:
        
       | liberia wrote:
       | Worth reading Deep Packet Inspection is Dead:
       | https://security.ias.edu/deep-packet-inspection-dead-and-her...
       | 
       | This tool is great, but I religiously route all my traffic
       | through a VPN that I own and control. I've hardened the box I use
       | to have zero logs and I don't need to blindly trust a commercial
       | provider whether they've been audited or not. There's no way of
       | really knowing they're not logging in some capacity bar from
       | being physically in their server room and inspecting their setup.
       | 
       | Add to the VPN a DoH resolver that I own and control too, and it
       | makes things even better. I also block port 80 on my machine as
       | an extra measure. No need to be using port 80 in this day and age
       | except for captive portals which I rarely ever have to use.
        
         | rogers18445 wrote:
         | You don't control the myriad of routers between you and your
         | server, and between the server and its destination. One reason
         | to use commercial VPNs is to at least attempt to launder your
         | packets.
        
         | pyinstallwoes wrote:
         | What VPN service did you choose, and what were the contenders
         | if any?
        
         | ditsuke wrote:
         | It's widely employed by Russian and Indian ISPs to censor
         | access to websites. I've had a largely successful run with
         | GoodbyeDPI 's circumvention.
        
           | izacus wrote:
           | More importantly, it's widely deployed by HNers in US to
           | snoop though everything you do on your phone, tablet and
           | computer if you dare to use their wifi.
           | 
           | The ops topics are full of people claiming how critically
           | important it is for them to sniff through everything you do
           | on "their" network for security.
           | 
           | You don't need to go to Russia, China or India to have your
           | privacy violated. Just go to work.
        
             | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
             | Your privacy isn't violated if you avail yourself of
             | someone else's property.
        
               | izacus wrote:
               | The networks of ISPs you're "availing yourself to" are
               | their property.
        
               | taneq wrote:
               | Depends whether you were aware of the consequences of
               | accessing that property. If you walk through my front
               | gate and I pants you, take photos of your junk and upload
               | them, you'll probably be upset unless I had a sign on the
               | gate saying (in clear language, not 14 pages of
               | irrelevant 6pt legalese hiding a link to the actual
               | 'privacy policy' document which admits in obfuscated
               | language that pantsing is an option) that this would
               | happen.
        
               | 0xedd wrote:
               | No. When all "gates" in a domain have this sign, it isn't
               | less upsetting.
        
               | bbarnett wrote:
               | Violation and legality are two entirely different things.
        
           | cyber_kinetist wrote:
           | South Korea also does this, and this tool is well known as
           | one of the best circumvention methods (alongside with VPNs,
           | but they cost money)
        
         | diasan wrote:
         | The problem / disconnect with that DPI is dead article is that
         | corporations still want to use use, as they control their
         | employees computers.
         | 
         | Hence I've recently been asked to implement a URL inspecting
         | firewall, which implies a HTTPS intercepting MiTM proxy. They
         | will probably require some exception list where things get
         | passed through 'unmolested', but for a white listed sub-set of
         | sites (say well known health, banking, etc).
         | 
         | The one thing which can break that is cert pinning, but then
         | the corporations can simply mandate that apps requiring/using
         | cert pinning not be used from the corporate machines.
         | 
         | There are some bumps in the techniques caused by HTTPS RRs,
         | AltSvc and HTTP/3, but they will be worked around, at worst by
         | forced downgrades.
         | 
         | The "they'll never no argument" carries no weight, as employers
         | up front tend to inform their employees that the communications
         | are monitored, hence giving the corporation legal cover.
         | 
         | That said, I do generally agree with the aim of that article,
         | but changing the corporate mindset is a different (non
         | technical) problem; it is all about providing the corporation
         | with a colorable argument towards reducing their liability in
         | certain scenarios.
        
         | occamrazor wrote:
         | Haven't you just replaced trust in your ISP with trust in the
         | hosting provider of your VPN?
         | 
         | (Depending on yourISP and provider this can be a good trade-
         | off)
        
         | checkyoursudo wrote:
         | Why not run everything through TOR then? Or is that too
         | limiting?
        
         | DethNinja wrote:
         | FYI, your setup is great if you don't trust your ISP but it
         | doesn't provide any privacy.
         | 
         | Public VPNs act as a mixer and hide your tracks. IP correlation
         | is very easy nowadays, so persistent single connection to your
         | own VPN won't protect you from certain entities that correlate
         | your traffic.
         | 
         | DoH is better than DNS but it doesn't provide privacy. You
         | should switch to DNSCrypt.
        
         | from wrote:
         | > I religiously route all my traffic through a VPN that I own
         | and control.
         | 
         | But then you are losing the anonymizing effect of the VPN. If
         | you are doing something illegal this is obviously bad but I
         | guess it otherwise doesn't really matter. Companies like
         | Mullvad have tens of thousands of users which means that the
         | actions of one VPN IP address can not be attributed to just one
         | person. You're just transferring the ability to surveil you
         | from your ISP to whoever hosts your VPN server.
        
         | patrakov wrote:
         | Well, the good point of GoodbyeDPI is exactly so that it
         | preserves your IP address. Normally, when trying to circumvent
         | censorship, you would need a VPN server in a different country.
         | But the downsides are that the bank will deny all transactions
         | and call you (OK, answered, they added the VPN IP to the
         | whitelist), that you will miss local-only content, you won't be
         | able to register for a doctor appointment online (the city uses
         | a geo-restricting filter out of security concerns), and you
         | will see foreign prices (which might be 5x higher in some
         | cases!) on sites that differentiate based on the country. Also,
         | extra latency in games. None of that applies with GoodbyeDPI.
         | 
         | Edit: the above is written from the viewpoint of the past
         | myself, before emigration to the Philippines.
        
           | 5e92cb50239222b wrote:
           | I wonder why a VPN is the default solution (with all
           | complications it ensues, some of which you've listed), when a
           | simple SSH tunnel to any server in a sane location does just
           | fine. `ssh server -D12345`, point your applications to socks5
           | at localhost:12345, and it's done. It's dead simple to only
           | allow/deny those sites that you (don't) need to go through
           | another server, and the traffic is encrypted (and optionally
           | compressed), and looks just like another SSH connection.
           | 
           | I've used many other solutions (including WireGuard, etc.) on
           | and off, but always come back to SSH.
        
             | vore wrote:
             | In China at least, the GFW can detect tunneled SSH traffic
             | and cut it off.
        
             | azalemeth wrote:
             | It's easier to detect that someone is using a SOCKS tunnel
             | - from memory, one way it might be exposed is if the packet
             | TTL is incongruous [1] as I don't _think_ SOCKS rewrites
             | those.
             | 
             | At the height of the pandemic I travelled to Denmark for
             | work (on a clinical trial) and had a UK negative covid test
             | to report to the UK government that I hadn't got around to
             | - whose website geo-blocks people reporting covid tests
             | from outside a UK IP address (even if, e.g. you'd just left
             | it and wanted to report a negative test taken the day
             | before). A SOCKS proxy was detected and I got a "we cannot
             | verify you are in the UK" message. A wireguard VPN worked
             | fine.
             | 
             | [1] https://incolumitas.com/2021/03/13/tcp-ip-
             | fingerprinting-for...
        
             | oarsinsync wrote:
             | Encapsulating TCP in TCP results in exponential backoff and
             | retransmissions in the event of loss.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | patrakov wrote:
               | SSH tunneling is encapsulating byte streams in TCP, not
               | TCP (which means "packets with sequence numbers,
               | acknowledgements, and retransmissions") in TCP, and
               | therefore doesn't suffer.
        
             | userbinator wrote:
             | _point your applications to_
             | 
             | That's the problem. Not all of them will implement
             | tunneling their own traffic through SOCKS, and there's
             | still other things like DNS that you might also want to go
             | through the tunnel, but can't easily do so. A VPN sits at a
             | lower layer, just looking like a regular network
             | connection, so applications don't need to be aware.
        
               | 5e92cb50239222b wrote:
               | Well, yeah, that's the problem (or the main advantage
               | depending on your viewpoint). The post I was replying to
               | mentioned how painful it is to avoid routing through VPN
               | where it's not needed (although it's pretty easy to do on
               | Linux with network namespaces, and IIRC policy routing,
               | which I've never tried).
               | 
               | I just want to point out the simplest solution which for
               | some reason doesn't seem to be very popular, although it
               | covers most users' use-cases better than a VPN connection
               | does (IMHO).
               | 
               | Don't know about other browsers, but Firefox is able to
               | send DNS requests through socks, whether you're using
               | DNS-over-HTTPS or not.
        
             | tambourine_man wrote:
             | Thank you, I do too. I though it was only me.
             | 
             | SSH is very simple and there's almost nothing a SSH tunnel
             | can't do.
        
               | pelasaco wrote:
               | > SSH is very simple and there's almost nothing a SSH
               | tunnel can't do.
               | 
               | You cannot disguise your SSH traffic mimicking HTTPS
               | traffic which help you to bypass DPI solutions.. so its
               | easy to block/filter/log your traffic or even pinpoint
               | you in an adverse environment.
        
           | OmarAssadi wrote:
           | For what it's worth as well, there are other solutions than
           | whole-network VPNs and such.
           | 
           | Personally, I chose to generate a domain list for V2Ray from
           | the Russian government's blocklist when I lived there [1].
           | 
           | I prefer to do that typically because it avoids the pain of
           | the ever-growing whitelists and it allows me to keep the
           | traffic encrypted in case someone does actually figure out
           | that you've bypassed DPI. And if you use something like V2Ray
           | or ShadowSocks, they'll disguise the traffic much better than
           | something like OpenVPN typically would, making it less
           | obvious to anyone monitoring that you're using a proxy in the
           | first place.
           | 
           | There's a load of references and pre-generated lists for
           | different needs if anyone else is interested in doing
           | something similar [2].
           | 
           | (Also, I hope this doesn't come across as missing the point
           | of the tool -- I think it's really useful and a good
           | solution. I just figured I'd note some others too)
           | 
           | [1]: https://github.com/OmarAssadi/AntiZapret-V2Ray
           | 
           | [2]: https://github.com/v2ray/domain-list-community
        
             | patrakov wrote:
             | The problem with such lists is the inherent assumption that
             | all ISPs block the same "bad stuff". However, in reality,
             | this is not the case, because each ISP has to implement the
             | blocking on their own, and there are multiple DPI solutions
             | with different sets of false positives. This "provider-
             | specific overblocking" is especially common with IPv6.
             | 
             | So in addition to using such lists with one of the ISPs, I
             | tried to detect signs of non-prevented blockage using
             | iptables (matching on stuff like unusually-high TTL of an
             | RST packet, or a string that occurs in the SSL certificate
             | that they try to use for MITM - yes, they were not even
             | consistent, or maybe there were two layers of DPI), and add
             | the addresses learned this way to an ipset, so that next
             | time they are routed through a VPN.
             | 
             | On the other ISP at a different location, just dropping all
             | packets with ID=0 was for some time enough to avoid the
             | censorship.
        
             | ValdikSS wrote:
             | GoodbyeDPI also includes Russian blacklist built from
             | zapret-info, to apply censorship circumvention only for the
             | websites from the list, to reduce the risk of breaking the
             | website due to mangled traffic.
             | 
             | The newest issue are unlisted filtering performed on so-
             | called TSPU DPI boxes. Two years ago we had only ISP DPI
             | boxes, but now there's a government TSPU black box which
             | they control themselves and block the websites/VPNs/SSH/IP
             | ranges out-of-the-registry.
        
           | mmaunder wrote:
           | Why isn't SSL working for you? You should be end-to-end
           | encrypted and no censor or government should be able to see
           | your https requests.
           | 
           | The only time this doesn't apply is if someone controls your
           | computer or the destination website and is able to MITM your
           | TLS traffic. Is that what has happened?
           | 
           | Your HTTPS headers are not visible to anyone. So, for
           | example, why is GoodbyDPI modifying the Host header? This is
           | inside the end-to-end TLS encrypted connection that your ISP
           | can't see, and that the destination web host can't see.
        
             | patrakov wrote:
             | SNI (the thing in the ClientHello packet which indicates
             | the domain name for which to get a certificate, just in
             | case if there is more than one SSL website on one IP) is
             | not encrypted. DPI solutions (and even plain old Squid) can
             | look into this without the need to break any encryption.
        
         | wruza wrote:
         | _religiously route all my traffic through a VPN that I own and
         | control_
         | 
         | Can you please share an easy way to do that?
         | 
         | I'm usually not afraid of wading through configuration swamps,
         | but when it comes to openvpn, I curl up in a corner crying.
        
           | blacksmith_tb wrote:
           | I have had good luck with Algo:
           | https://github.com/trailofbits/algo
        
           | Diris wrote:
           | This is probably the easiest way. It uses wireguard instead
           | of openvpn but I'm pretty sure it's better
           | https://github.com/angristan/wireguard-install
        
           | Zen1th wrote:
           | Personally I use dsvpn (https://github.com/jedisct1/dsvpn)
           | which is super simple to setup and use, and it's made by the
           | guy who created libsodium.
        
             | wruza wrote:
             | Thanks! But from what I can see in sources (please correct
             | me if that's wrong), it is not a vpn, and a regular vpn
             | client cannot connect to it. Nice idea along the lines of
             | SOCKS proxy.
        
               | dicknuckle wrote:
               | You can just use Tailscale if all of this seems like a
               | pushup. It's wireguard under the hood and everything
               | JustWorks(tm)
        
       | mmwelt wrote:
       | Doesn't work in China, though:
       | 
       | https://github.com/ValdikSS/GoodbyeDPI/issues/123
        
         | erebe__ wrote:
         | Websocket tunneling is known to work against the GFW. Many
         | people reported me that they managed to use wstunnel to bypass
         | 
         | https://github.com/erebe/wstunnel (linux + mac + windows)
        
         | userbinator wrote:
         | For that, you need something more like obfsproxy or some other
         | steganographic tunnel, which of course also requires an
         | endpoint on the other side much like a VPN.
        
         | ValdikSS wrote:
         | If anyone gets me a network link to China, I'm ready to test
         | and implement new techniques.
         | 
         | Last time I asked why such tools are not built in China, the
         | developer of very popular anti-censorship tool told me that
         | there are punishment for censorship circumvention in China, and
         | such tools which openly punch DPI could be more dangerous for
         | the end user in the legal sense.
        
       | weinzierl wrote:
       | The nice thing about this is that passive mode should be
       | undetectable.
       | 
       | Active mode on the other hand will probably not be useful for
       | long because it is basically based in negligent implementation on
       | the the DPI side and trivial to fix.
        
       | slt2021 wrote:
       | Wireguard solves this, no need this
        
         | tomxor wrote:
         | No, it used to as a side-effect, but DPI circumvention is an
         | unpopularity contest... wiregaurd is no longer unpopular
         | enough, DPI targets it, and wiregaurd's purpose is not to play
         | the circumvent DPI game, so it's not going to continually make
         | arbitrary changes to do so.
        
         | graynk wrote:
         | That's assuming that the wireguard protocol is not blocked by
         | that same DPI that you're trying to circumvent. The more tools
         | - the better
        
         | mrshadowgoose wrote:
         | Not at all. The protocol has a very well defined structure, and
         | one only has to foul the handshake packets to block
         | connections.
        
         | jokowueu wrote:
         | Witeguard isn't made to do this . Even the author said so .
         | It's blocked in many countries
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | kebman wrote:
       | Sorry, might be a dumb question, but isn't this simply a matter
       | of encrypting your packets or using a VPN?
        
         | ValdikSS wrote:
         | Several issues:
         | 
         | * VPNs are mostly not free, and with current situation in
         | Russia, you can't easily pay for the Europe/US service due to
         | absent Visa/MC service
         | 
         | * Popular VPN providers are getting blocked in Russia recently
         | 
         | * For the major websites, such as Instagram and Twitter, VPN
         | access almost instantly triggers additional checks, cellphone
         | number validation, account block, etc.
         | 
         | * VPN connection increases latency and reduces speed
         | 
         | While GoodbyeDPI is free and autonomous.
         | 
         | AND it can unblock VPNs, too! For example, the latest build can
         | unblock blocked ProtonVPN by inserting fake TLS packet during
         | OpenVPN TCP handshake.
        
         | negus wrote:
         | You certainly can pass all blocked traffic through VPN. But
         | this is a cheaper (and because of that is more scalable) way to
         | pass through.
        
           | kebman wrote:
           | Sorry, wouldn't that simply constitute security by obscurity?
        
         | psydvl wrote:
         | Default user just want to access blocked resources. Free VPN...
         | Can we trust them? Paid VPN are paid.
        
           | witrak wrote:
           | >Free VPN... Can we trust them? Paid VPN are paid.
           | 
           | Paid VPNs are paid. Can we trust them more?
        
       | blahgeek wrote:
       | Haha that's cute. Here in china the GFW now simply routes the IPs
       | to blackhole. False positive by virtual host or CDN you ask? They
       | don't care :)
        
         | laughinghan wrote:
         | That's what domain fronting is for, and even though the GFW
         | attempts to filter by SNI, genetic algorithms like Geneva are
         | able to find workarounds:
         | https://geneva.cs.umd.edu/papers/foci21.pdf
        
           | ignoramous wrote:
           | IP Fronting too:
           | https://research.cloudflare.com/publications/Fayed2021/
        
           | Avamander wrote:
           | ESNI/ESH is coming soon, I guess we'll see soon enough how
           | that plays out.
        
             | grishka wrote:
             | Since the project at the OP link is mostly/initially aimed
             | at Russia, in my own experience, it's not always just DPI
             | -- it's often DPI combined with a firewall. Roskomnadzor
             | can order to block access to a domain, but then they can
             | also specify an IP or a subnet instead. For example, that's
             | what happened when they tried to block Telegram, which does
             | not use DNS at all.
        
       | userbinator wrote:
       | Looks like it uses WinDivert as the filtering driver, which says
       | on its site that "Windows Server 2016 systems must have secure
       | boot disabled"; not entirely surprising and a reminder of what a
       | lot of the "security" stuff is really securing.
        
         | Avamander wrote:
         | Wow, it's like the average vendor's support of SELinux or
         | AppArmor. "Just turn it off" _facepalm_
        
         | ValdikSS wrote:
         | Windows Server 2016+ with Secure Boot enabled won't allow
         | loading of any third-party non-HLK-certified drivers, whether
         | they are signed or unsigned. That's why.
        
         | ignoramous wrote:
         | Censorship bypass needn't necessarily be a _security_ solution.
        
         | buwrtgu wrote:
         | "secure boot must be disabled" is the equivalent of "in case of
         | permissions error, just chmod 777". secure boot literally
         | protects the user first, and is configurable with user provided
         | keys on the vast vast majority of open platform computers (i.e.
         | amd64)
         | 
         | "prevent injection of a driver that can divert all my shit at
         | the kernel level" is exactly what you want secure boot
         | protecting you from. there is no limitation of user rights
         | because the user can turn it off and/or load their own keys at
         | will.
         | 
         | secure boot fear mongering is bullshit nonsense
        
           | denkmoon wrote:
           | Sad to see this downvoted without any response, because as
           | far as I see he's exactly right.
        
             | 0xedd wrote:
             | No. That's just propaganda. The purpose is to further
             | vendor lock you. MS has a minute share in the world of OS,
             | completely outclassed by Linux. They're trying to force
             | their way in by fooling people like you that something like
             | Pluton is required.
             | 
             | The only reason they dominate the PC market share is
             | because their spyware OS is installed by default and people
             | don't go around switching OSes.
             | 
             | An anecdote about security; at my workplace, one of the top
             | 5 security firms in the world, secure boot isn't required
             | nor is MS. Makes you wonder.
        
               | Avamander wrote:
               | I'm not sure if you don't know or don't want to know what
               | SB does, but it's not propaganda, neither is it vendor-
               | locking. Most widespread vendor locks don't use SB,
               | neither is the functionality only usable for that (well
               | duh, it could be, because you can choose your root of
               | trust, but _you can choose_ the root).
               | 
               | You might as well call other tech Linux doesn't play well
               | with "vendor-locking" as this point with no concern, even
               | if there are no real "locks" like that, just lack of
               | support. "TME doesn't work? Literally vendor-locking and
               | Microsoft propaganda!1!"
               | 
               | Security corporations, known for their cargo culting in
               | addition to the usual corporate bullshit, aren't a great
               | example. But bringing then up like they somehow were...
               | makes you wonder indeed.
        
           | userbinator wrote:
           | _secure boot literally protects the user first_
           | 
           | No it doesn't. It's merely a convenient excuse to divert
           | attention away from the truth, which is that it prevents
           | users from doing things like defeating DRM and modifying the
           | system to not be so hostile to themselves in other ways.
           | 
           |  _secure boot fear mongering is bullshit nonsense_
           | 
           | Your position is the corporate propaganda.
        
             | pedro2 wrote:
             | Both are right -- is it so difficult to see that?
        
           | ValdikSS wrote:
           | Windows Server 2016+ with Secure Boot enabled won't allow
           | loading of any third-party non-HLK-certified drivers, whether
           | they are signed or unsigned. That's why.
           | 
           | And HLK is only for device drivers, not for any regular
           | drivers, as far as I know.
        
           | luke727 wrote:
           | _" prevent injection of a driver that can divert all my shit
           | at the kernel level" is exactly what you want secure boot
           | protecting you from._
           | 
           | The only thing Secure Boot is doing here is preventing you
           | from loading a driver not blessed by Microsoft. They would
           | happily bless "a driver that can divert all my shit at the
           | kernel level", but it costs too much for the maintainer of
           | WinDivert.
        
             | pklack wrote:
             | It is kind of sad that no one seems to bother enough to
             | actually learn how to use Secure Boot to their advantage.
             | Everyone is just disabling it the first time it gets in
             | their way. Reminds me of how Firewalls used to be treated
             | like 20 years ago. Yes, by default most implementations
             | will only accept signatures from Microsoft. But the thing
             | is: You can always enroll your own keys. My Laptop is
             | currently booting a non-mainline Linux kernel with secure
             | boot enabled. Just enroll your own Certificate and
             | (automate the process to) sign binaries yourself. I really
             | wonder why no one yet started some kind of project to
             | provide a "community trust root" of some sorts which you
             | could enroll on your machine.
        
               | marwis wrote:
               | Would it really help in this case? I believe the HLK-
               | signing is enforced by Windows, not UEFI. Uploading your
               | own cert to UEFI won't change that.
        
               | karmanyaahm wrote:
               | I think that for the vast majority of threat models, the
               | insecurity of having your own signing certificate (it
               | needs to be hot if it's going to be automated) is not
               | much different from the risk of not having secure boot at
               | all. Also, the effort v. security balance.
        
       | NoOn3 wrote:
       | It's only for Windows. Linux didn't supported. :(
        
         | jacooper wrote:
         | There is a similar project that supports Linux, but its much
         | more focused on Russian censorship.
         | 
         | https://github.com/bol-van/zapret
        
         | shmde wrote:
         | It IS supported on Linux, they have a tar file on the downloads
         | page.
         | 
         | https://github.com/ValdikSS/GoodbyeDPI/releases
        
           | denkmoon wrote:
           | Is this some kind of bad joke?
        
           | 5e92cb50239222b wrote:
           | You mean the source tarball? It doesn't work on Linux, it
           | doesn't even compile -- the Makefile hardcodes CC to the
           | MinGW compiler. Almost every .c file includes windows.h.
           | 
           | Looking at the project's issue list, they don't support other
           | operating systems.
        
           | zorgmonkey wrote:
           | That source tarball is autogenerated by github when you make
           | a release and it in no way implies linux compatibility, it is
           | simply a way to download the source code without git.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | jeroenhd wrote:
       | > Active DPI is more tricky to fool. Currently the software uses
       | 7 methods to circumvent Active DPI:
       | 
       | > TCP-level fragmentation for first data packet
       | 
       | > TCP-level fragmentation for persistent (keep-alive) HTTP
       | sessions
       | 
       | > Replacing Host header with hoSt
       | 
       | > Removing space between header name and value in Host header
       | 
       | > Adding additional space between HTTP Method (GET, POST etc) and
       | URI
       | 
       | > Mixing case of Host header value
       | 
       | > Sending fake HTTP/HTTPS packets with low Time-To-Live value,
       | incorrect checksum or incorrect TCP Sequence/Acknowledgement
       | numbers to fool DPI and prevent delivering them to the
       | destination
       | 
       | DPI middleboxes are truly terrible. They're incompatible with
       | even basic TCP without any good reason. I wonder if these ISPs
       | use the same vendors as your average "enterprise" network.
        
         | Avamander wrote:
         | > DPI middleboxes are truly terrible. They're incompatible with
         | even basic TCP without any good reason.
         | 
         | Thanks to them things like TCP Fast Open are unfortunately
         | still a rarity.
         | 
         | > I wonder if these ISPs use the same vendors as your average
         | "enterprise" network.
         | 
         | Most likely, yes. Takes a bit too much effort to handle the
         | bandwith necessary, that everyone would be able to do and sell
         | it as a service.
        
       | navigate8310 wrote:
       | Is there a network wide DPI circumvention tool that can be easily
       | deployed using Docker?
        
         | erebe__ wrote:
         | If you have a server/cheap vpc outside the blocking zone, you
         | can use websocket tunneling.
         | 
         | https://github.com/erebe/wstunnel (linux + mac + windows)
        
         | YesandNo wrote:
         | https://github.com/SadeghHayeri/GreenTunnel
        
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       (page generated 2022-07-23 23:02 UTC)