[HN Gopher] Nutanix Objects violates MinIO's open source license
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Nutanix Objects violates MinIO's open source license
        
       Author : gaul
       Score  : 371 points
       Date   : 2022-07-19 05:55 UTC (17 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (blog.min.io)
 (TXT) w3m dump (blog.min.io)
        
       | js4ever wrote:
       | MinIO is a fantastic tech and they seemed to be really patient to
       | resolve this issue (waiting 3 years before doing actions). I'll
       | continue to use them and recommend them everywhere I work. They
       | really deserve respect... And to be paid for their hard work.
        
       | chris_wot wrote:
       | Nutanix makes a big song and dance about their ethics.
       | 
       | https://www.nutanix.com/viewer?type=pdf&path=/content/dam/nu...
       | 
       | Looks like it's just there for show.
        
         | garettmd wrote:
         | I mean, to be fair, having a Code of [Conduct|Ethics] is table-
         | stakes for any company smaller than a small startup. This is
         | far from a song and dance, but just checking off a box.
        
           | chris_wot wrote:
           | They seem to do a lot of box-ticking.
        
       | debarshri wrote:
       | Around 2019, a lot of kubernetes distributions started popping
       | up. They often bundle various open source solutions into one
       | platform/PaaS and sell it to the end users. I wonder,
       | 
       | - What are the consequences for these companies?
       | 
       | - Do they share revenue with the open source projects?
       | 
       | - Can they simply distribute these services without any
       | consequences?
       | 
       | - If not, When and How does a small open source project org
       | enforce track and their license?
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | Note that projects in the cloud native space are mostly Apache-
         | licensed. (For example, the CNCF only approves other licenses
         | on an exception basis I believe.) In that case, so long as
         | attributions/trademarks are honored (which oddly seems to not
         | have been the case here), projects licensed in that way can be
         | freely used with Kubernetes without other restrictions.
        
           | debarshri wrote:
           | Could you elaborate what free distribution mean? Often these
           | platforms have enterprise license. Does that mean it is not
           | free?
        
             | bad416f1f5a2 wrote:
             | > Often these platforms have enterprise license. Does that
             | mean it is not free?
             | 
             | There's way too much nuance to give a clear answer without
             | something being wrong. Give an example?
        
               | debarshri wrote:
               | For instance, let say there is a platform xyz platform
               | that is an abstraction on rancher to deploy kubernetes,
               | that also deploys the grafana, prometheus, loki, cilium
               | etc. But now, the owners of platform xyz says it is 5k a
               | month for enterprise license of this abstraction. But
               | users may or may not realise that they are using all the
               | tools I have listed. Does that mean, the owners of the
               | platform to have to pay the other platforms?
               | 
               | Another question is, can anyone just decide to offer
               | commercial version of any opensource project? Is there
               | any kind of license that protects the interest of
               | opensource developers.
        
               | bad416f1f5a2 wrote:
               | I think ghaff gave a pretty good answer as well, but
               | here's some more nuance:
               | 
               | > Does that mean, the owners of the platform to have to
               | pay the other platforms?
               | 
               | No.
               | 
               | Tons of "value-add platforms" exist like this: wrap a
               | bunch of open source up, add a UX layer on top and offer
               | support. As long as you comply with the terms of the
               | license, you can do just that. And many licenses
               | (MIT/BSD/friends) are often complied with by merely
               | redisplaying that software's license in the documentation
               | or on a LICENSES file somewhere.
               | 
               | But there are licenses that are less permissive. The GPL
               | is the one most people think of. If you modify and
               | _distribute_ GPL licensed software to others, you have to
               | share your source. How do you dodge this? SaaS: change
               | the GPL licensed software as much as you want, never
               | distribute it, but instead allow users to interact with
               | it over the network. Totally compliant.
               | 
               | Hence, we got AGPLv3, with this big provision:
               | 
               | > Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, if
               | you modify the Program, your modified version must
               | prominently offer all users interacting with it remotely
               | through a computer network (if your version supports such
               | interaction) an opportunity to receive the Corresponding
               | Source of your version by providing access to the
               | Corresponding Source from a network server at no charge,
               | through some standard or customary means of facilitating
               | copying of software.
               | 
               | Now, if your bundled SaaS solution includes AGPLv3
               | software, you have to make its code available.
               | 
               | There are interesting questions here ... if you take an
               | AGPLv3 software and slap a nice GUI under it, is that
               | "linking" under AGPLv3? Possibly. There's at least an
               | argument to be made.
               | 
               | > Is there any kind of license that protects the interest
               | of opensource developers.
               | 
               | If your interest is building software and releasing it
               | openly while keeping it away from people who want to
               | monetize it, traditionally the use of AGPL does just
               | that. Google, Facebook, Amazon - I have first or second-
               | hand knowledge that any attempt to bring AGPL into those
               | ecosystems is a hard no without exception.
               | 
               | But, what "interest" are you trying to protect? I have
               | released software under the BSD license that has been
               | adopted in commercial applications. I'm fine with that;
               | it was in my interest to release it under the BSD
               | license, that's all.
               | 
               | Licenses matter. Pick the one that encodes what you'd
               | like to achieve.
        
               | debarshri wrote:
               | Thanks for such an elaborate and informative answer. This
               | is really helpful.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Just one last nuance I'll add to what the parent wrote.
               | 
               | It wasn't actually the intent of the AGPL to keep a cloud
               | service from setting up a competitor to your on-prem
               | software. Rather it was to address what some felt was a
               | loophole in the GPL's treatment of copyleft. (Namely that
               | operating software as a service isn't considered
               | distribution in the eyes of the GPL and therefore a cloud
               | provider could add some secret sauce to your open source
               | software without contributing back to the commons.)
               | 
               | That said, as a practical matter it seems to be pretty
               | effective because most cloud providers won't use AGPL
               | software (and a lot of other companies won't either).
               | 
               | But, because it doesn't actually prevent a cloud provider
               | from competing with you with your own software, there
               | have been a few (non-open source according to the open
               | source definition) licenses created that specifically bar
               | this sort of use.
        
               | bad416f1f5a2 wrote:
               | > But, because it doesn't actually prevent a cloud
               | provider from competing with you with your own software,
               | there have been a few (non-open source according to the
               | open source definition) licenses created that
               | specifically bar this sort of use.
               | 
               | Excellent note, and very accurate!
               | 
               | I can start a company that sells your AGPLv3 software
               | tomorrow. I just have to comply with the terms &
               | conditions. If I'm doing absolutely nothing but operating
               | the software without change, I can satisfy the license by
               | saying "git clone github.com/your/software", done.
               | 
               | Where things get murky is on the concept of
               | linking/derivative works. If I operate a cloud service
               | and make changes to your software to make it use my cloud
               | systems efficiently, those changes have to be open-
               | sourced under AGPLv3. Does that leak too much proprietary
               | information about my systems? Very possibly. That might
               | be enough to stop me. But if I keep going down that road,
               | I end up risking a legal argument that our systems have
               | become so tangled together that parts of my software fall
               | under AGPLv3.
               | 
               | For most companies, this is simply not worth the risk.
               | MongoDB took it one step further with the SSPL:
               | 
               | > you must make the Service Source Code available via
               | network download to everyone at no charge, under the
               | terms of this License. [...] "Service Source Code" means
               | the Corresponding Source for the Program or the modified
               | version, and the Corresponding Source for all programs
               | that you use to make the Program or modified version
               | available as a service, including, without limitation,
               | management software, user interfaces, application program
               | interfaces, automation software, monitoring software,
               | backup software, storage software and hosting software,
               | all such that a user could run an instance of the service
               | using the Service Source Code you make available.
               | 
               | This is basically the anti-AWS license: for AWS to run
               | MongoDB proper, they'd need to expose source for huge
               | amounts of their backplane. It's also not open source
               | under almost anyone's definition.
        
               | gqewogpdqa wrote:
               | >This is basically the anti-AWS license: for AWS to run
               | MongoDB proper, they'd need to expose source for huge
               | amounts of their backplane.
               | 
               | Not true. For AWS to run MongoDB proper, they could just
               | negotiate with MongoDB to offer it as a managed service -
               | as Tencent, Alibaba, SAP, IBM, Swisscom, OVH and 10+
               | others have.
               | 
               | > It's also not open source under almost anyone's
               | definition.
               | 
               | Enter the OSI. While it not be "Open Source" (note the
               | capitals) I don't think anybody has the right to
               | legislate the use of "open source" with lower case
               | letters. A nit, but an important one - the capitals force
               | us to realize that it's not a word in Webster's
               | Dictionary. It's a proper noun definiton put forth and
               | pushed by one organization. I can certainly say
               | "...oracle is lying..." but if I say "...Oracle is
               | lying...", I expect the black cars to drive up to my
               | house pretty quickly.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | The whole Apache license isn't very long but this is
               | mostly the extent of your obligations: "You must retain,
               | in the Source form of any Derivative Works that You
               | distribute, all copyright, patent, trademark, and
               | attribution notices from the Source form of the Work,
               | excluding those notices that do not pertain to any part
               | of the Derivative Work."
               | 
               | Apache is a non-copyleft license. Copyleft licenses like
               | the GPL also require that any code changes, derivative
               | works code, etc. needs to be made available if the
               | software is distributed.
               | 
               | However, you can absolutely charge for support, etc. (But
               | I can't assert copyright over code I didn't actually
               | write.)
               | 
               | >Is there any kind of license that protects the interest
               | of opensource developers
               | 
               | If by "protects the interest" you mean forces consumers
               | of the code to pay them or allows them to restrict who
               | uses their code, then pretty much no. The Open Source
               | Definition as it stands pretty much excludes those kind
               | of restrictions. The developers could of course just
               | choose a proprietary license instead if they want to
               | control how their code is used.
        
         | rvnx wrote:
         | The consequences is that these companies get very rich and they
         | eventually take-over the open-source project.
         | 
         | See Redis for example, two Israeli dudes took the open-source
         | Redis, made tons of money.
         | 
         | Everyone is happy: the two founders became rich, the VCs became
         | rich.
         | 
         | What about the authors and contributors of Redis ? Well thank
         | you for the gift. As a present you can have the privilege to
         | work for us to keep maintaining your bugs. Don't complain too
         | much.
         | 
         | Then you can rewrite the history to make it sound like you
         | created Redis and it's a win, while it's actually just a very
         | smart dude in Italy who wrote most of the software using his
         | own sweat and support from his employer (Pivotal).
        
           | kdmytro wrote:
           | Did the two Israeli dudes violate the Redis license?
        
             | d3nj4l wrote:
             | Is it possible to do something legal, yet morally wrong?
        
               | anonymousiam wrote:
               | Are you referring to Microsoft's business model?
        
               | bad416f1f5a2 wrote:
               | "By selecting this license I give anyone permission to do
               | X, Y, and Z with my software - provided they do A as
               | well."
               | 
               | "I'm going to chose to do Z and A with your software."
               | 
               | "Moral hazard! Moral hazard!"
               | 
               | Picking a license indicates what you are willing to have
               | others do with your work. If you don't want people to be
               | able to monetize it, pick a different license.
        
               | mananaysiempre wrote:
               | > Picking a license indicates what you are willing to
               | have others do with your work.
               | 
               | Picking a license indicates what you are willing to have
               | others do with your work without going after them with a
               | threat of handcuffs and prison bars. I might not be
               | willing to do or threaten (government-mediated) violence
               | to someone for being an arsehole, and yet consider them
               | an arsehole.
        
               | ahepp wrote:
               | This seems pretty silly. It's a civil matter, isn't it?
               | Has anyone ever gone to jail for violating an open source
               | license?
               | 
               | You could simply choose to not pursue legal action
               | against license violators. Choosing a permissive license
               | and then complaining when people do what you gave them
               | permission to do is just ridiculous.
        
               | dec0dedab0de wrote:
               | You can goto jail for not paying a civil settlement. All
               | laws are eventually backed by violence.
        
               | seqizz wrote:
               | It's possible. But there is nothing immoral here.
        
               | rvnx wrote:
               | External impression, not facts, but intuition seeing how
               | some VCs and startups are acting:
               | 
               | He didn't seem to have a real choice, maybe an illusion
               | of choice since (from an external point of view) as he
               | was pinned against the wall.
               | 
               | They were using his software commercially and even using
               | the trademark of Salvatore (he was complaining about such
               | uses occasionally). He was broke, I guess that's why he
               | didn't register the trademark. Literally while they
               | raised 40M USD, he was explaining struggling on this
               | board:
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12506743
               | 
               | This is actually one year after the first Redis Labs deal
               | :/ Totally not the speech of someone with a multi-million
               | exit in sight.
               | 
               | Fast-forward several years later:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19203596 (with
               | already >1B valuation)
               | 
               | If Salvatore just got 10% of the company he would get
               | 100M+ USD. 1%: 10M+ USD.
               | 
               | Something must have happened.
               | 
               | If I'm wrong and he is super rich, then it's my mistake,
               | but in general it's incredibly easy to get screwed up in
               | a hostile shareholding / corporate environment when in
               | front of you you have experienced lawyers and bankers.
        
               | chris_wot wrote:
               | It is, but did they?
        
               | xadhominemx wrote:
               | Clearly there was demand for a commercial offering. What
               | should they have done differently?
        
           | rsstack wrote:
           | > What about the authors and contributors of Redis ? Well
           | thank you for the gift.
           | 
           | He was eventually hired by Redis-the-company, allowed them to
           | use the trademark (originally they were Redis Labs which was
           | a compromise with him), went to their conferences, trained
           | their Redis developers (who contributed to Redis-the-open-
           | source), etc.. I assume he was happy with the deal as he
           | spoke positively about them and chose to spend a lot of time
           | with them, and eventually retired after I presume getting a
           | nice amount of money from the decade-long adventure.
        
             | toomuchtodo wrote:
             | Indeed, this is the ideal outcome for all involved.
             | Everyone makes some money, everyone spent the time doing
             | what they enjoyed doing, nobody got shafted, and
             | contributors were able to integrate their contributions
             | while being able to pull the whole app back down for their
             | own (free) use.
        
           | api wrote:
           | These days liberal OSS licenses are really just free labor
           | for this kind of thing. If you use a very liberal OSS license
           | just make sure you are 100% OK with your work being
           | appropriated this way, including having your name stripped
           | from it and some hustler taking credit.
           | 
           | In the long term I think this kind of behavior is going to
           | kill open source for things beyond libraries and building
           | blocks.
           | 
           | Everything open on the Internet is destroyed by exploitation
           | of one form or another: appropriation, spam, scams, etc. I've
           | become fond of saying "the Internet is a dark forest."
        
           | xadhominemx wrote:
           | If he didn't want someone commercializing his software, he
           | should used a different license. His own employer is is a
           | commercial wrapper on an open source Project.
        
       | pabs3 wrote:
       | Will revoking their license stop Nutanix from using MinIO or will
       | they have to go to court to get them to stop? I don't see any
       | mention of a lawsuit in the post.
        
         | Jolter wrote:
         | First, revoke the license. That means they are no longer
         | permitted to redistribute the code.
         | 
         | If they then continue to redistribute it, they are committing a
         | copyright violation. That's when there is cause for a lawsuit.
        
           | ticviking wrote:
           | More than that, they've been given notice, and are willfully
           | distributing it.
           | 
           | There's all kinds of specific legal teeth for that behavior.
        
             | Jolter wrote:
             | It wouldn't really be a (useful) revocation of the license
             | if they were not legally notified.
        
           | bayesian_horse wrote:
           | They aren't redistributing it at all, only using it.
        
             | Jolter wrote:
             | I'm pretty sure when the license is revoked, that includes
             | the license for using it as well.
             | 
             | The article doesn't seem to state if they are
             | redistributing it or not, but I'll take your word for it.
             | Without being a user of the infringing product, I'm not
             | able to tell whose premises the server they SSH'd into is
             | on.
        
           | kgeist wrote:
           | >First, revoke the license. That means they are no longer
           | permitted to redistribute the code.
           | 
           | I wonder how it works. What is the act of revoking an open
           | source license exactly? I assume they simply sent a letter
           | and wrote a blog post? Pretty sure in my country it would
           | have no legal force. Is it different in the US?
        
             | Jolter wrote:
             | If it were in my country, you'd send them a notification by
             | registered mail. Then you'd get a receipt that they
             | received it.
        
         | firstSpeaker wrote:
         | Same question here, what would be the next step.
        
         | omginternets wrote:
         | My intuition is that they're escalating progressively. Threats
         | and lawsuits, as a general rule, make it more difficult to
         | reach an amicable resolution. I'm inclined to interpret MinIO's
         | response as a mature and prudent one.
        
       | jarym wrote:
       | Kudos for MinIO team for spending THREE YEARS trying to resolve
       | this. Shame that they had to resort to a public naming and
       | shaming but sometimes corporate entities are tone deaf.
       | 
       | Now this is exposed the next question is if Nutanix Objects is
       | just a MinIO wrapper then what value are they even proving here?
        
         | bayesian_horse wrote:
         | That also means Nutanix is pretty sure they are covered,
         | legally.
        
           | cpach wrote:
           | I don't follow. What case would they have to not follow the
           | AGPL...?
        
             | mbreese wrote:
             | Who said this is the AGPL version of MinIO? It was only a
             | little over a year ago that they changed from Apache to
             | AGPL. MinIO wrote that they only suspected an AGPL
             | violation. Most their accusation was focused on the Apache
             | license.
             | 
             | There would still need to be an acknowledgment from the
             | NOTICES file, but that's it.
        
               | [deleted]
        
       | throwaway48423 wrote:
       | our organization was using Minio as an external S3 replacement
       | and had contacted their sales once. When a decision was made to
       | not go for the paid plan, we were legally threatened saying that
       | we cannot even make remote calls to a AGPL software.
        
         | kevingadd wrote:
         | That's kind of the point of the AGPL
        
           | throwaway48423 wrote:
           | For a system that is a providing an object storage service
           | how else are you going to use it? We had started using it
           | when it was Apache2 and then we got stuck. Might as well just
           | make it into a paid product/service and not play the open
           | source card and earn creds from community.
        
             | ajayyy wrote:
             | If you are naking open source software, you can use minio
             | for free, otherwise you have to pay them money. If it was
             | proprietary, that would not be the case
             | 
             | You also are free to study and learn from the code
        
       | dna_polymerase wrote:
       | For those wondering what Nutanix is and does: Nutanix is an app
       | that teaches you how to be a castrato and preserve a high pitched
       | singing voice.
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iGQfzl1KZmM
        
       | henvic wrote:
       | Any recommendations on MinIO forks or open-source alternatives
       | with more welcoming licenses?
       | 
       | They changed their license from Apache recently.
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MinIO#Re-licensing
        
         | acatton wrote:
         | How is the AGPL not welcoming?[1]
         | 
         | [1] https://drewdevault.com/2020/07/27/Anti-AGPL-
         | propaganda.html
        
           | CarVac wrote:
           | It's only not welcoming to those who wish to close the
           | source.
           | 
           | It's the paradox of tolerance: you must not tolerate those
           | who find others intolerable.
        
             | vlovich123 wrote:
             | That's one perspective and while I understand it it's not
             | one I've agreed with. An alternate view is that it forces
             | all parts of your tech stack to be open sourced even things
             | that have nothing to do with, or at most ancillary relation
             | to the relevant service. OSS software is valuable but AGPL
             | steps (in my view anyway) waaaay outside of what's
             | reasonable to try to prevent servicifying OSS. I think most
             | companies would be fine with a GPL-like license that forced
             | you to share the source for that code even if it's behind a
             | service. The viral nature of AGPL makes it toxic to almost
             | everyone unless you're willing to pay the copyright holders
             | for special permission. That's certainly fine but to me
             | it's less OSS and more like a viral source available
             | license.
        
               | moochmooch wrote:
               | it stops low effort grifting of network-enabled open
               | source for cash.
        
             | acatton wrote:
             | Alternative point of view: opensource isn't the same as
             | freeloading
        
           | Aeolun wrote:
           | > Any derivative works of AGPL-licensed software must also
           | use the AGPL.
           | 
           | It's a viral license. It infects everything it touches.
        
             | acatton wrote:
             | Not if you just deploy it as is, like a service. (which
             | it's intended to) If you write an application which uses
             | MinIO over HTTP, you have no obligation to release your
             | application code.
        
           | merb wrote:
           | well the problem is that some companies who use the AGPL do
           | actually write some fud about it. i.e. if I use min.io agpl
           | and the user never interacts with it, just my program, but I
           | never even modified min.io and I just use the binary
           | interface, I would never be subjected to the release my
           | program's code, I would just need to give a link to the
           | min.io source code that I used.
           | 
           | however every company thinks in its own way:
           | 
           | https://itextpdf.com/how-buy/agpl-license
           | 
           | > You may not deploy it on a network without disclosing the
           | full source code of your own applications under the AGPL
           | license. You must distribute all source code, including your
           | own product and web-based applications.
           | 
           | and they also kinda fork the license with this text:
           | 
           | > When using iText 7 Community under AGPL, you must
           | prominently mention iText and include the iText copyright and
           | AGPL license in output file metadata, and also retain the
           | producer line in every PDF that is created or manipulated
           | using iText.
           | 
           | I mean this makes it really hard to trust the license at all,
           | what would happen if I build a sever that can
           | modify/create/convert pdfs and release the source code and
           | than I have another program that calls this server internally
           | with a http client, is that still some kind of linking or is
           | it more like mongodb?
           | 
           | I would happily build something with agpl when I could use
           | itext/ghostscript and build something like minio which could
           | than be used behind the scenes, but if that is not possible
           | or if it is a grey zone than I'm not sure if agpl is a cool
           | license at all. every company who uses the agpl writes
           | something different about it, thats why an "official"
           | clarification would be really really cool.
        
         | dikei wrote:
         | There are quite a few Storage projects out there with a
         | S3-compatible API storage, that can be used in place of Minio
         | such as Ceph, Openstack Swift, SeaweedFS, etc..
         | 
         | Of course, they all differ in subtle ways, so you have to try
         | for yourself.
        
           | acatton wrote:
           | The CNCF maintains a list of closed and opensource container-
           | friendly storage backends: https://landscape.cncf.io/card-
           | mode?category=cloud-native-st...
        
           | neverartful wrote:
           | No one in their right mind would attempt to use Ceph in place
           | of MinIO. Yes, Ceph can provide S3 compliant object storage
           | via the RadosGW, but the effort and footprint is not worth it
           | for MinIO use cases. On the other hand, OpenStack Swift's
           | all-in-one (typically used by developers) could easily be a
           | replacement of MinIO.
        
       | dvfjsdhgfv wrote:
       | I wonder why these folks keep doing this. Do they believe nobody
       | will find out? Or that even if they find out, they won't have to
       | pay much so they factor it in? It's really hard to imagine for
       | me.
        
       | btdmaster wrote:
       | Can you revoke an Apache-2.0 copyright license? The terms say
       | irrevocable, though it stipulates respecting the terms and
       | conditions:
       | 
       | "2. Grant of Copyright License. Subject to the terms and
       | conditions of this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You
       | a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free,
       | irrevocable copyright license to reproduce, prepare Derivative
       | Works of, publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and
       | distribute the Work and such Derivative Works in Source or Object
       | form."
        
         | vlovich123 wrote:
         | Apache also doesn't require you to share source code. Just
         | because a company publishes their code under an OSS license
         | doesn't automatically make them the good guys and unless
         | there's some critical context it seems like pure FUD.
         | 
         | Afaik Apache only requires you to maintain the copyright when
         | distributing in source form (ie you don't need to mention the
         | license in binary form) but I'm not a lawyer and maybe misread.
         | The license is certainly irrevocable and patent indemnifying
         | provided you don't violate it.
         | 
         | You can't both try to engender good will by releasing your code
         | as OSS and then simultaneously going after someone who would
         | seem to be complying with the terms with FUD. To see the FUD
         | most clearly:
         | 
         | > and we believe they may also be in violation of the GNU AGPL
         | v3 versions of MinIO
         | 
         | If that were the case you'd actually be in a court of law
         | enforcing the license rather than trying to sway any kind of
         | public opinion.
         | 
         | This almost certainly stems from their switch to AGPLv3 to
         | ensure that cloud providers can't use it as part of their own
         | offering. That's fair but also provides context on motivation.
        
           | btdmaster wrote:
           | > The license is certainly irrevocable and patent
           | indemnifying provided you don't violate it.
           | 
           | That's essentially what I find contentious, is whether
           | "subject to the terms and conditions of this license" it is
           | irrevocable or it is irrevocable irrespective of whether the
           | terms of the license are being violated. With its phrasing I
           | assumed it's the latter.
        
       | stevewatson301 wrote:
       | You'd think Nutanix would have the brains to change the names of
       | the deployed binaries, which brings up an interesting question.
       | How do you detect license violation if the violator has replaced
       | the brand name across the codebase?
        
         | pabs3 wrote:
         | Patterns of strings, function names, other symbols and the
         | entire call graph usually show up in the compiled binary,
         | unless they apply some sort of obfuscator to the process.
        
         | vlovich123 wrote:
         | Alternate interpretation: Nutanix is fully compliant with the
         | terms of Apache 2 and refused to be extorted into paying MinIO
         | money.
         | 
         | The press release is high on FUD (can't revoke an irrevocable
         | license, no evidence presented they have deployed the AGPLv3
         | version) and low on details why it took them three years to
         | issue a press release when an injunction would have been
         | granted pretty quick if Nutanix were truly in violation of the
         | Apache license.
         | 
         | I don't claim to know the details but I do know a little bit
         | the rights under Apache2 and (unless my understanding is
         | incorrect) MinIO's claims are baffling.
        
         | corobo wrote:
         | I'd imagine without further obfuscation a visual diff would be
         | quite telling in that situation
        
       | bastardoperator wrote:
       | I'm shocked anyone would buy something from Nutanix.
        
         | robinsoh wrote:
         | > I'm shocked anyone would buy something from Nutanix.
         | 
         | Why? The alternative competitors like VMware are better? I'm
         | not up to date on the details but perhaps you may want to
         | elaborate. Thanks.
         | 
         | http://techrights.org/2020/04/28/openwashing-vmware-after-gp...
         | 
         | https://sfconservancy.org/copyleft-compliance/vmware-lawsuit...
        
           | dpedu wrote:
           | > VMware Announces Plans to Remove Non-complying Code,
           | Hellwig Decides Not to Appeal
        
       | manictothemax wrote:
       | Nutanix Objects _does_ not use minio in the core data path. The
       | presence of a binary in a kubernetes pod doesn 't necessarily
       | mean that the binary is being used or the fact that nutanix
       | objects is nothing but a wrapper over minio. Earlier
       | implementations did use minio purely as a S3 protocol adapter,
       | i.e a protocol translator from S3 API to Nutanix internal storage
       | protocol. This was something that was publicly acknowledged :
       | https://blocksandfiles.com/2019/11/07/nutanix-objects-storag...
       | 
       | However, in later releases they seemed to have replaced the minio
       | based protocol adapter to something that they developed in-house
       | in C++ and have no longer using minio in their protocol stack.
        
         | GK1981 wrote:
         | ROFL if you see block and files as the official disclosure fron
         | Nutanix is a great testament of how that company is run :) Try
         | getting their OSD file and see if MinIO is listed :)
        
         | jonhohle wrote:
         | Whether they use it or not is irrelevant if they are
         | distributing it.
        
           | manictothemax wrote:
           | Seems like an oversight that the binary got shipped with the
           | pods
        
             | jaywalk wrote:
             | It could have been an oversight initially. But three years
             | later? Impossible to claim ignorance now.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | mbreese wrote:
           | It would make it easier to remove though... which makes it
           | even more odd that it is still there even after the three
           | years of notice.
        
         | y4m4b4 wrote:
         | Nutanix does not carry EULA or reference even today while
         | continuing to use it.
         | 
         | Read Apache v2 attribution clauses.
        
           | justinclift wrote:
           | > while continuing to use it.
           | 
           | But the parent to your comment says they _don 't_ use it (any
           | more)???
        
             | y4m4b4 wrote:
             | Of course they use it, its there in their container :-)
        
         | flatsix wrote:
         | I recently left Nutanix, but I worked on Objects for the past
         | 12 months. The MinIO path was deprecated by the time that I
         | joined. I don't have enough information to confidently side
         | with either Nutanix or MinIO, but I'll clarify and confirm a
         | few things:
         | 
         | - As you said, MinIO was used to translate S3 REST API requests
         | to internal RPCs.
         | 
         | - MinIO was replaced with an in-house S3 API server.
         | 
         | - I distinctly remember seeing a patch 6-12 months ago where
         | MinIO was removed from the build.
        
       | KronisLV wrote:
       | Sometimes it's pretty cut and dry, just people using open source
       | without attribution and hoping that nobody will find out. But
       | why?
       | 
       | MinIO is licensed under AGPL (the current versions, at least):
       | https://github.com/minio/minio/blob/master/LICENSE
       | 
       | It effectively mandates that the modified version needs to be
       | made available:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Affero_General_Public_Lice...
       | The GNU Affero General Public License is a modified version of
       | the ordinary GNU GPL version 3. It has one added requirement: if
       | you run a modified program on a server and let other users
       | communicate with it there, your server must also allow them to
       | download the source code corresponding to the modified version
       | running there.
       | 
       | So the logical first question is: why pick software that is using
       | AGPL? Did the engineers/managers just not care? Did they miss it?
       | I know for a fact that there are many out there who couldn't care
       | less about licenses and compliance. Maybe companies haven't been
       | strong armed into caring about licensing as much as they have
       | been in regards to GDPR, for example?
       | 
       | Secondly, why should the modified version remain a "secret"?
       | Would competition suddenly spring up? Or maybe the project
       | contains tight coupling to the rest of the platform, which could
       | be considered a security risk?
       | 
       | Why isn't open sourcing a modified version something that would
       | take a few hours anyways, since then none of this would be an
       | issue?
       | 
       | (disclaimer: I discuss SSPL below because I find it interesting;
       | apologies for the tangent)
       | 
       | Honestly, the state of software licensing sometimes puzzles me.
       | For example, MongoDB switched over to SSPL altogether:
       | https://www.mongodb.com/community/licensing                 If
       | you make the functionality of the Program or a modified version
       | available to third parties as a service, you must make the
       | Service Source Code available via network download to everyone at
       | no charge, under the terms of this License. ...
       | 
       | Seems like that applies to even patches:
       | https://github.com/mongodb/mongo                 MongoDB is free
       | and the source is available. Versions released prior to October
       | 16, 2018 are published under the AGPL. All versions released
       | after October 16, 2018, including patch fixes for prior versions,
       | are published under the Server Side Public License (SSPL) v1. See
       | individual files for details.
       | 
       | DigitalOcean, for example, proudly advertises managed MongoDB as
       | a service: https://www.digitalocean.com/products/managed-
       | databases-mong...
       | 
       | And yet, to the best of my understanding, the entirety of the
       | DigitalOcean platform isn't open source (even though many
       | projects are): https://github.com/orgs/digitalocean/repositories
       | 
       | Or even anything that might have something to do with MongoDB in
       | particular:
       | https://github.com/orgs/digitalocean/repositories?q=mongo&ty...
       | 
       | It just feels like one of those "rules for thee, not for me"
       | situations, since it wouldn't be feasible for small companies to
       | compete with them. Edit: someone mentioned them probably running
       | the enterprise version which is probably the explanation for
       | this!
       | 
       | That said, the thought experiment of building a company
       | (including all systems) as 100% open source is really
       | interesting, whether such a thing would be feasible if people
       | stopped caring about "guarding" their IP and whatnot.
        
         | merb wrote:
         | nutanix uses the apache licensed version probably, which
         | changed in 2021. so it's even more buzzling since they would've
         | just needed a NOTICES file.
        
         | robertlagrant wrote:
         | > DigitalOcean, for example, proudly advertises managed MongoDB
         | as a service: https://www.digitalocean.com/products/managed-
         | databases-mong...
         | 
         | > And yet, to the best of my understanding, the entirety of the
         | DigitalOcean platform isn't open source (even though many
         | projects are):
         | https://github.com/orgs/digitalocean/repositories
         | 
         | I don't think it's required to open source everything, only the
         | bits that provide the MongoDB service. I don't know if they've
         | done that.
         | 
         | Also, the SSPL seems to be a little controversial [1] as it
         | appears to want to relicence all software it's running near
         | under itself.
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Side_Public_License
        
           | KronisLV wrote:
           | > I don't think it's required to open source everything, only
           | the bits that provide the MongoDB service. I don't know if
           | they've done that.
           | 
           | Yes, that's my exact point - these things are sometimes full
           | of finer points. I don't doubt that DigitalOcean have talked
           | with MongoDB and have probably figured out some sort of a
           | deal, or another way to offer it as a service (someone
           | mentioned them using the enterprise version, where the terms
           | are probably different).
           | 
           | Though offering MongoDB as a service for a small no-name
           | company all of the sudden seems impossible, unless they
           | actually want to open soruce lots of their own code.
           | 
           | > Also, the SSPL seems to be a little controversial [1] as it
           | appears to want to relicence all software it's running near
           | under itself.
           | 
           | Of course, there was backlash to it even existing, much like
           | larger companies didn't really like AGPL being a thing
           | either.
           | 
           | Then again, I guess one could argue that MongoDB definitely
           | can create such a license, as a reaction against cloud
           | platforms utilizing their solution:
           | https://www.mongodb.com/blog/post/mongodb-now-released-
           | under...                 This should be a time of incredible
           | opportunity for open source. The revenue generated by a
           | service can be a great source of funding for open source
           | projects, far greater than what has historically been
           | available. The reality, however, is that once an open source
           | project becomes interesting, it is too easy for large cloud
           | vendors to capture most of the value while contributing
           | little or nothing back to the community. As a result, smaller
           | companies are understandably unwilling to wager their
           | existence against the strategic interests of the large cloud
           | vendors, and most new software is being written as closed
           | source.
           | 
           | I don't really have a horse in that race, though in theory
           | such a license would be good for the open source community,
           | whilst its effects on larger cloud vendors are also pretty
           | much clear. Of course, there is a lot of controversy around
           | it and it's not considered "open source" at all by many.
        
             | robertlagrant wrote:
             | It's a tricky problem one can only have when one chooses to
             | give one's work away with zero strings attached :)
        
               | KronisLV wrote:
               | That is probably true, when you live in a society where
               | you probably still want some money for your work.
               | 
               | The greater implications of that might have something to
               | do with how we get articles like "Software below the
               | poverty line": https://staltz.com/software-below-the-
               | poverty-line.html
               | 
               | Or maybe the revelations about how "well" supported the
               | people who maintained Log4j were from the open source
               | community: https://words.filippo.io/professional-
               | maintainers/                 Earlier this week, a severe
               | RCE in a logging library called Log4j2 got everyone, from
               | Apple to Minecraft. As of yesterday, the maintainer who
               | patched the vulnerability had three sponsors on GitHub:
               | Michael, Glenn, and Matt.
               | 
               | That's why it's hard to be angry with companies and
               | people trying to get paid for their work, supported by
               | various software licenses in one way or another. I do
               | still mostly support open source in spirit, though doing
               | that with my wallet on OpenCollective (or GitHub Sponsors
               | or whatever) is also a good thing to do.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | No one needs to get angry at anything, and people are
               | free to change their minds if they decide their previous
               | decision to open source was a mistake. It's just worth
               | remembering that this is a deliberate part of choosing to
               | make open source software, and not an unintended
               | consequence.
        
         | chriswarbo wrote:
         | No idea about the relationship between MongoDB and
         | DigitalOcean, but note that you've linked to the "community"
         | edition; their site also shows an "enterprise" edition, which
         | is more likely for a large entity like DigitalOcean to be
         | using.
        
           | throwbigdata wrote:
           | Why is it more likely?
        
           | KronisLV wrote:
           | That's a great point, thanks for bringing it up! I've updated
           | my original post with this detail as a _possible_
           | explanation, since it 's the one that makes the most sense.
           | 
           | I guess that MinIO or any other company could also do
           | something similar, have dual licenses, where interested
           | parties can pay for commercial usage and whatnot.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | bradwood wrote:
       | They use a load of other FOSS software under the hood too, not
       | least of which libvirt/KVM.
       | 
       | I wonder how many other licences they're violating this way.
        
         | lsbehe wrote:
         | libvirt uses LGPL and the KVM/linux kernel uses GPL. Both are
         | fine to keep to yourself if you run it on your own machine and
         | only expose it over the network.
         | 
         | MinIO uses AGPL which explicitly includes network usage so
         | Nutanix is forced to provide all patches and associated code.
        
           | kaladin-jasnah wrote:
           | Nutanix distributes their AHV hypervisor to clients so the
           | GPL would apply, I think.
        
           | mbreese wrote:
           | Recent versions of MinIO use AGPL. Much of what they talk
           | about here are issues with Apache licensed code. (The switch
           | happened in April 2021).
           | 
           | https://github.com/minio/minio/commits/master/LICENSE
           | 
           | This really seems like Nutanix just didn't include the MinIO
           | NOTICES file in their OSS disclosures for some reason.
           | Something so minor should have been an easy oversight to fix.
           | Without actually testing out Nutanix, it's hard to know if
           | they are actually violating this part of the Apache license.
           | MinIO isn't included in their "open source packages we use"
           | webpage, but that's not where the NOTICES message would need
           | to be included. Either way, it's odd that things escalated
           | like this.
           | 
           | The newer AGPL versions of MinIO would offer its own
           | licensing challenge for Nutanix (which is part of the reason
           | for the switch to AGPL). But that's not even what MinIO is
           | focusing on in their post. MinIO also don't show the version
           | of their software that they claim Nutanix is using. And it's
           | very possible that Nutanix froze the minio version in April
           | 2021 (quite likely the case).
        
       | oigursh wrote:
       | Open and shut case. Disappointing that the Nutanix engineers care
       | so little about their peers.
        
         | tut-urut-utut wrote:
         | Please don't blame engineers on every single issue. The
         | engineer may not even know there's an issue here. They may be
         | assured by their boss or legal department that they are in the
         | clear. They may not even think about such mundane things like
         | licensing and stuff, that's what they have higher ups for.
         | 
         | If someone is to blame, then it's the company leadership and
         | legal department. As much as we want to make us engineers more
         | important than we are, we are not decision makers. Blame should
         | be put where it belongs.
        
           | mrweasel wrote:
           | The engineers might understand the issue better than legal.
           | Most engineers I've meet understand the spirit and intentions
           | of the open source license far better than the legal teams,
           | who are more interested in whether or not you could be
           | successfully sued.
           | 
           | One of the issues with open source software, from a branding
           | perspective, is that you can technically be in the clear, but
           | violate the social contract that implicitly exist in the
           | community. Many companies fail to factor that part in when
           | running licenses through legal.
        
           | phphphphp wrote:
           | Software engineers are in a position of great privilege: if
           | we can't hold ourselves to account, what are we doing? Almost
           | any software engineer put in a difficult position can get up
           | and walk into another job -- "it's not my decision" is not an
           | acceptable excuse for (almost any) software engineer.
           | 
           | Blame lies with those who are complicit by choice, just as
           | much as those who are directing the behaviour.
        
           | bregma wrote:
           | "I was just following orders" is not considered a legitimate
           | excuse. The engineers have agency and should be considered a
           | "reasonable person".
        
             | Aeolun wrote:
             | As soon as doing morally questionable things becomes
             | illegal I think you'll find that a lot more people are
             | willing to take a stand.
        
           | htrp wrote:
           | The engineer who includes the binary is responsible for
           | understanding the ramifications
        
           | bionsystem wrote:
           | You are being downvoted but I actually think there are some
           | fair points that you are making.
           | 
           | We use a lot of FOSS in our company. We pay licenses and
           | contribute very little (our job isn't to improve gitlab or
           | docker, we are shipping a software product on top of that),
           | but I wouldn't know where exactly we are in the legal-illegal
           | spectrum to save my life.
           | 
           | I consider myself an employee, not an entrepreneur. If I was
           | an entrepreneur, I sure would happily seek legal advice on
           | what exactly is fair use of open source. But really, I
           | wouldn't know who to trust on the free advice market to
           | figure out what I'm allowed and not allowed to do when
           | starting up. I have absolutely 0 interest in legal stuff and
           | it's mostly scary and confusing to me (and that's probably
           | why I don't do any entrepreneurship, not even a side hustle
           | in consulting), and I wish I and other salary men would be
           | given a break about what the company is doing.
           | 
           | Nutanix shouldn't do what they are doing, but I don't think
           | engineers should be to blame. At the end of the day, if an
           | employee would have to go through everything that the company
           | might not do perfectly right before deciding on a job, we
           | would work nowhere. I wouldn't work for Oracle, but where to
           | draw the line exactly ?
        
             | FeepingCreature wrote:
             | For the record, opensource licenses are generally fairly
             | understandable.
        
               | acatton wrote:
               | And if you're lazy, there are websites which gives you a
               | summary of it: https://tldrlegal.com/licenses/tags/OSI-
               | Approved
               | 
               | I'm really starting to think that companies violating OSS
               | licenses is often times malice, not ignorance.
        
             | bad416f1f5a2 wrote:
             | If your job is to pick the dependencies, your job is also
             | to understand what picking those dependencies means.
             | 
             | It rings hollow to throw your hands up at the license part
             | and say - "not my job". It is. Understanding the legal risk
             | of that dependency is as important as understanding the
             | technical risk.
             | 
             | If your company doesn't have a license policy, ask for a
             | lawyer to draft that. But I've worked at some pretty penny-
             | ante companies before and even they had an acceptable
             | license policy.
             | 
             | If yours truly doesn't have one, part of your job as the
             | person building the software is to get one drafted.
        
               | rmk wrote:
               | Engineers generally have the responsibility of picking
               | dependencies _subject to legal constraints - they have
               | zero understanding or inclination to understand licensing
               | terms_. That 's generally fine at companies with
               | established legal departments. The enforcement of legal
               | constraints is done by the legal department, which will
               | usually employ at least one full-time counsel who
               | specializes in IP law, and it is generally completely
               | outside engineers' purview. In fact, this is Standard
               | Operating Procedure at almost every company of this size,
               | including at Nutanix, which is a mid-size, public,
               | enterprise hardware/software company whose shares are
               | traded on NASDAQ.
               | 
               | It's really not the engineers' job to pick the
               | dependencies per se, but to pick them subject to
               | constraints that are laid out by management. There is
               | certainly no ethical quandary or abdication of moral
               | responsibilities in this setup: engineers will pick among
               | choices that are pre-vetted by people who know the legal
               | ramifications best and have a fiduciary responsibility to
               | shareholders to make sure the company does not run afoul
               | of applicable law.
        
             | gautamdivgi wrote:
             | Engineers need to ask legal for a license review. You as an
             | engineer may not understand every aspect of it, but your
             | legal team should make it clear. It's the same at most
             | places. Licenses are included with the source code, it's
             | not that hard to bump it up to legal to understand your
             | responsibilities of including it in the product.
             | 
             | OTOH - if the engineer did that and received flawed
             | guidance, then it's a legal issue and not the engineer's
             | issue. I guess the question is whether the legal review of
             | all FOSS licenses in the product was done.
        
           | dvfjsdhgfv wrote:
           | > They may not even think about such mundane things like
           | licensing and stuff, that's what they have higher ups for.
           | 
           | Oh, come on. Engineers these days are not stupid. While I
           | agree that their boss could plainly lie to them that he
           | bought a commercial license, it was more like, "What will we
           | use for the underlying storage?" "Maybe MiniIO, they're
           | S3-compatible and efficient." "Fine. Can we use their code,
           | though?" "Sure, it's open source, and we are a *aaS business,
           | so no problem." I saw this kind of thinking before.
        
           | pid-1 wrote:
           | > They may not even think about such mundane things like
           | licensing and stuff
           | 
           | Imagine a medical doctor or civil engineer claiming that
           | knowing the laws of their professions is "mudane". That's why
           | no one takes programers seriously.
           | 
           | > we are not decision makers.
           | 
           | You totally can decide to not work on stuff you are not
           | comfortable with. It's not like there's a shortage of
           | software engineering jobs.
        
             | jsiepkes wrote:
             | > You totally can decide to not work on stuff you are not
             | comfortable with.
             | 
             | I seriously don't get why engineers think they share no
             | responsibility whatsoever for the company they work for.
             | Somehow, they seem to think their situation is comparable
             | to someone picking orders at an Amazon fulfillment center.
             | Thinking they "have no choice" when making 6 figures and
             | having to fight off the recruiters. That's just an easy
             | excuse they tell themselves to help them sleep at night.
             | It's an insult to workers who actually have little choice
             | to do shitty jobs for shitty companies to put food on the
             | table and can barely make ends meet.
        
               | Aeolun wrote:
               | > can barely make ends meet
               | 
               | I dunno, that's kinda how I feel every time I look at the
               | price of housing.
        
               | tehbeard wrote:
               | Yes because every software engineer is at a SV startup or
               | is a FAANG employee earning 100k+...
        
             | Aeolun wrote:
             | > knowing the laws of their professions is "mudane". That's
             | why no one takes programmers seriously.
             | 
             | You cannot know laws that are not there, and the very
             | definition of a lot of software positions these day is 'do
             | evil'.
        
             | baisq wrote:
             | I like that I am not being taken seriously as a programmer.
             | I get paid a lot and in exchange I have no
             | responsibilities. If a civil engineer or a doctor make a
             | mistake that kills someone they go to prison. Nothing
             | happens to me for producing crappy code. What are the
             | downsides?
        
         | sithadmin wrote:
         | If you think this is bad, you should see how their sales and
         | marketing departments behave.
        
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