[HN Gopher] DataRobot employee resigns over stock sales
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       DataRobot employee resigns over stock sales
        
       Author : Ozzie_osman
       Score  : 147 points
       Date   : 2022-07-17 14:12 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (twitter.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (twitter.com)
        
       | cs702 wrote:
       | DataRobot executives should be ashamed for cashing out at the
       | expense of all employees, many of whom apparently borrowed to buy
       | shares at prices far above current ones.
       | 
       | The risk of an exodus looks significant -- and _that_ would be a
       | death knell for the business. A company that bills itself as
       | having _depth of expertise in AI & ML_ cannot afford to lose the
       | employees who actually have that depth of expertise.
        
         | darth_avocado wrote:
         | It's a grift. The execs are not incentivized to act in the best
         | interests of the company they work for. So most of them try to
         | optimize for their own gains.
         | 
         | For example, execs who are incentivized to "improve operational
         | efficiency" can fire a bunch of people, make the others work
         | longer and collect their bonuses. Eventually when the burnout
         | hits, the morale drops and people leave, a different exec (and
         | in a lot of cases the same one) will be tasked with "meeting
         | growth targets". They will hire more people, collect their
         | checks and the grift goes on.
        
           | ska wrote:
           | In this particular case, it the sentiment in the tweet is
           | true it's arguable the board screwed up. I'm assuming of
           | course the sale plan was approved there (otherwise deeper
           | problems).
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | jwilber wrote:
       | Imagine working 10 years and having someone come in for less than
       | 1 year, completely fail in their role by all metrics, yet have
       | the ability make millions of your work, at the direct expense of
       | your compensation.
       | 
       | Should be criminal.
        
         | mavelikara wrote:
         | Most startups, at the cusp of IPO, go through this.
        
       | aurelius83 wrote:
       | I'm a bit ignorant to RSU's and secondary markets. Why were the
       | executives able to sell but not regular employees? What stopped
       | regular employees from selling ?
        
         | Elof wrote:
         | It just comes down to who the board allows to sell stock and at
         | what time. Most option contracts don't allow sale of stock to
         | secondary markets without approval and rank and file employees
         | have much more restricted stock. Often founders and key
         | executives will also get some liquidity and stock top up during
         | funding rounds while no one else at the company has that
         | option. By the time a company goes public most founders and key
         | execs have already made quite a bit of money on the side.
        
         | lbotos wrote:
         | If a company is private then you cannot sell/purchase shares on
         | public markets.
         | 
         | So, execs can go fundraise, which is selling shares to new
         | investors. But what shares are they gonna sell? Newly minted
         | ones, or shares someone already own?
         | 
         | The execs get to decide. In theory, there is no reason that
         | "regular" vested employees couldn't also sell shares if execs
         | designed it that way, beyond some complexity in management
         | overhead (think figuring out information for 1000 people vs 10)
         | as well as "turnover risk" where employees can cash out and
         | leave.
         | 
         | Now you are saying, well, seems like employees are gonna leave
         | now without cashing out, and you are right. That's why it's
         | dumb. Poor decision making by execs. I'm sure there are a lot
         | of people at datarobot that didn't even know this, and are just
         | learning this now.
         | 
         | (Unless execs _want_ both to make a lot of money and re-form
         | the company, if that 's the case, well then, great decision
         | making by the execs)
        
       | hedora wrote:
       | Is there a public list of startup execs / VCs that have screwed
       | over employees in the past? (The 11th-hour Skype dilution event
       | also comes to mind.)
       | 
       | It'd help to have such a thing for future job searches.
        
         | immigrantheart wrote:
         | We should put it in list in a Github markdown file.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | eyeball wrote:
       | How much better is their tooling vs what you can get right out if
       | aws GCP azure?
        
       | lostdog wrote:
       | The compensation model for pre-RSU startups is broken right now.
       | The combination of late exits, short exercise windows, and heavy
       | taxes on illiquid gains, means you can wind up deeply in the red
       | as often as in the black.
       | 
       | In my last job search all the startup founders whined about not
       | being able to keep up with big company comp, but I can't justify
       | giving up X00,000 RSU's for the real possibility of going deeply
       | into debt. The reward structure needs to change so there's good
       | chances of being rewarded.
       | 
       | It's a shame. I love working in these tiny startups, but I can no
       | longer justify it.
        
         | tschellenbach wrote:
         | Why would you go into debt? Unless you borrow to exercise your
         | stock options or get hit with the alternative minimum tax?
        
         | davedx wrote:
         | Work at tiny startups as a contractor, I highly recommend it!
         | All the motivation and autonomy and sense of achievement and
         | none of the messy complicated risky stock option stuff :)
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | altdataseller wrote:
           | Dont you have to constantly find new gigs because these tiny
           | startups keep going out of biz?
        
             | capableweb wrote:
             | I'm kind of doing the same thing, usual stint at each of
             | them range between 1-2 years, I'm fine jumping at that
             | point as the company already grew too big for me to be
             | comfortable. All of them are still ongoing, runways have
             | been 6-12 months each time I joined.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | Same as if you were working for the startup directly, and
             | as a contractor nobody will complain if you line up
             | additional gigs on the side.
        
         | foobiekr wrote:
         | I wish someone would explain the rise of the the "everyone is
         | an insider" trading windows thing. There's really no legitimate
         | reason that I can come up with for the lack of proper controls
         | that creates and perpetuates this situation. I imagine
         | executive insiders like it for the stability it brings the
         | stock, but still.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | The theory at least, especially at a smaller public company,
           | is that a fair number of people potentially have access to
           | information about things, including some feel for where
           | financial results are ending up. Therefore, rather than shrug
           | and tell people to use their own best judgment about their
           | trading on material non-public information, you put a trading
           | window in place that takes a fair bit of judgment out of it.
        
           | R0b0t1 wrote:
        
             | solardev wrote:
             | Why would it be insane for the execs to suffer the same
             | consequences as their employees? So what if they take a
             | loss? They'll live.
        
             | arcticfox wrote:
             | > A good example is a telecom CEO who refused warrantless
             | monitoring. He consequently sold before he lost a major
             | government contract. Sadly in a case like this the only
             | chance you have is shooting the people who try to arrest
             | you and hoping you survive.
             | 
             | Um, the other choice rather than murder is to just hold the
             | stock until the news is public and be a slightly less rich
             | telecom CEO
        
         | N_A_T_E wrote:
         | Is there a reason these companies can't award stock and have to
         | stick with options?
        
           | ska wrote:
           | This actually works pretty well at the very beginning when
           | the stock isn't worth anything. However, as soon as there is
           | a supportable valuation, you can't just give people stock
           | with a nominal value for 0.01 or whatever, which means either
           | they have to buy it at "market" or you are giving them a
           | taxable benefit of same. This latter is terrible because you
           | are getting taxed as income with an illiquid and risky,
           | locked in, asset...
           | 
           | (All this depends on jurisdiction of course)
        
           | phxrsg wrote:
           | No reason the company cant do that, usually, but it's not
           | advantageous for (most) employees. RSU comp is taxable on
           | vest, but if the stock is not liquid the employee must pay
           | out of pocket at each vesting event to cover the taxes.
        
             | pjot wrote:
             | Using the 83(b) election, when you're granted RSUs you are
             | able to pay tax on the value at the time of grant. This can
             | mitigate a lot of the pitfalls mention in the thread.
             | 
             | Disclaimer: this is not financial advice.
             | 
             | https://www.investopedia.com/terms/1/83b-election.asp
        
               | nrmitchi wrote:
               | By the time a company is issuing RSUs instead of options,
               | the cost to pay those taxes at time of grant is likely
               | out of reach for all but the most already-well-off
               | employees.
        
               | pjot wrote:
               | Not necessarily - I've worked for two startups now that
               | issued RSUs to early employees first, and later switched
               | to an option based package.
        
               | nrmitchi wrote:
               | Your experiene may be different, but I've only even heard
               | of this (RSUs before options) at the very early, pre-
               | fundraising, stage. And this only works because the
               | taxable value of these RSUs at grant is basically $0.
               | 
               | I'm not sure if this approach would make sense after any
               | sort of traction/fundraising.
        
             | cgb223 wrote:
             | > RSU comp is taxable on vest
             | 
             | I'm in the job interview process right now
             | 
             | Looking at a pre-IPO company with RSUs
             | 
             | Does this mean that I pay taxes on those RSUs when I get
             | them, _even_ if I don't sell them?
        
               | phxrsg wrote:
               | Depends on if they are set up with a double trigger. Here
               | is a decent explainer, but you can research more about
               | RSU double triggers that can help avoid taxes for large-
               | but-private companies:
               | https://www.parkworth.com/blogs/pre-ipo-tech-giants-
               | using-do...
               | 
               | What this does mean, though, is that until the second
               | trigger is hit you haven't technically vested the RSUs.
               | So you get around the taxation but there may be
               | additional conditions on your equity.
               | 
               | Basically - make sure you read the stock plan
        
               | yardstick wrote:
               | > So you get around the taxation
               | 
               | And pay a lot more tax in the process, than if you were
               | able to exercise early. IRS always has to have its cake
               | and eat it.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | jfim wrote:
               | You have to pay taxes on RSU when they vest, regardless
               | of whether you sell or not. It's basically considered
               | cash compensation, but instead of cash you receive
               | shares.
               | 
               | Since your company is pre IPO, they _may_ have a dual
               | trigger vesting schedule, where shares vest over time but
               | require an actual liquidity event for you to actually
               | receive the shares, giving you no tax liability while the
               | company isn 't public. However, this means that once the
               | company goes public, you'll have to pay all of that
               | liability at once, at ordinary income tax rates.
               | 
               | Disclaimer: not an accountant, much less your accountant,
               | this is not financial advice, seek proper advice from a
               | qualified professional.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | hedora wrote:
               | The tax rates will probably not be what most people
               | consider "ordinary". In CA, the top marginal bracket is
               | about 52%.
               | 
               | If you're getting N years of windfall-level income in one
               | year, some of the income is likely to be in that top
               | bracket. This means that all sorts of tax stragegies you
               | probably are not familiar with will kick in.
               | 
               | For instance, it might make sense to move charitable
               | contributions into that year, since the IRS will
               | effectively be matching them.
               | 
               | Also, AMT will probably kick in, so consider hiring an
               | accountant.
        
               | ambrood wrote:
               | pre-IPO RSUs usually come with a double trigger. meaning
               | you vest them monthly or quarterly etc but a liquidity
               | event such as an IPO, is needed to actually "vest" them
               | in a taxable sense.
        
           | zaroth wrote:
           | Taxed as "wages" according to the IRS even though it actually
           | has no present value because it's not liquid / has no market
           | / has no arms length value.
           | 
           | "Earned income" is the absolute worst way to receive an asset
           | with tax rates over 50% in some cases.
           | 
           | The only thing worse than wages is getting an
           | illiquid/unsellable and highly risky asset that _counts as
           | wages_ based on a made-up valuation which the company is
           | incentivized to inflate.
        
         | ska wrote:
         | I've been on both sides of that negotiating table. It's ok to
         | say the role won't match a bigco compensation package, and if
         | that's you priority you should probably take the bigco offer.
         | An early stage startup is a fundamentally different experience,
         | with pluses and minuses relative to big co's. If the +'s
         | outweigh the minuses, take the job.
         | 
         | No whining need be involved, on either side :)
         | 
         | (Fwiw, I do think it is important for early stage startups to
         | be even handed and fair on pay, but that doesn't mean you
         | necessarily have to go toe to toe with the biggest offers)
        
           | mavelikara wrote:
           | > that doesn't mean you necessarily have to go toe to toe
           | with the biggest offers
           | 
           | Most startups insist that their world changing idea can be
           | built only by engineers from MIT or Stanford. That is where
           | the whining on both sides come from.
        
             | MathYouF wrote:
             | My philosophy is if you think they're wrong and you don't
             | need those people, then they have poor judgement, and
             | you're better off not working with them in that case, and
             | in fact could beat them by pursuing similar goals while not
             | using that strategy.
             | 
             | And if they're right, well then what's there to be upset
             | about?
        
           | lostdog wrote:
           | The problem is that the expected value of the equity itself
           | is negative in the current environment.
           | 
           | If the tradeoff were to give up some guaranteed money for a
           | low shot at a big payoff, then that would be a reasonable
           | tradeoff! But right now it's prohibitively expensive to
           | exercise.
           | 
           | I'm surprised that YC doesn't lobby to fix the tax code so
           | startup's can attract experienced people, but maybe YC is
           | just about supporting founders, and there still enough
           | employees willing to take a bad deal and work at an early
           | stage startup.
        
             | ska wrote:
             | I should have been clearer. I'm saying it is ok that the
             | expected comp is lower. If the other things add up for you,
             | it's not necessarily a bad deal. (But it can be, you have
             | to evaluate with clear eyes)
             | 
             | Another way of thinking about this: developers aren't
             | really fungible , neither are roles.
        
       | mobileexpert wrote:
       | Secondary sales and secondary sales rights generally impoverish
       | the common engineer versus founders and exec management. It is
       | extremely rare to find a scale-up that has had secondaries that
       | put non-founder non-execs on equal footing. So sadly it is just
       | business as usual in our industry.
        
       | gigatexal wrote:
       | I'd be livid, too. Torch the founders and the mgmt team.
        
       | kitanata wrote:
       | I recently left DataRobot to join another company. I was there a
       | little over a year so I don't have much stake in this
       | controversy. There are a lot of good people at DataRobot but I've
       | seen quite a bit of turmoil in my short tenure there. I hope they
       | are able to get through it and survive.
        
       | jwsteigerwalt wrote:
       | Don't be a sucker. Either get paid or get real assets that have a
       | real likelihood of ending up liquid and worth something.
       | 
       | Corporate governance matters, startup/vc arrangements are
       | inherently tilted toward the execs, founders and external
       | financiers, but there is a burden on the employee to understand
       | what your getting into. If your smart enough to work for one of
       | these, your smart enough to learn the basics of corporate equity
       | law.
        
       | hengestone wrote:
       | Data point fwiw: the company I work for SOLD me some of their
       | shares when I joined. I.e. not a grant. The company owns options
       | to buy back the shares on the usual schedule of a cliff after one
       | year, then monthly for 4 years. So no tax consequences until I
       | sell the shares and pay capital gains. The caveat is that the
       | valuation that they sold the shares at must be well below their
       | last raise for it to make sense for me to buy the shares. So it
       | only really works for early stage companies. After this early
       | stage is over, selling me actual options works better.
        
         | FreakLegion wrote:
         | It was most likely a grant with early exercise:
         | https://www.cooleygo.com/early-exercisable-stock-options-wha...
         | 
         | Any company claiming to be employee-friendly should offer this
         | while its 409A valuation is low. 10-year exercise windows take
         | care of the people who come later and should also be standard
         | at this point.
        
         | lbotos wrote:
         | So, they had 1000 shares, and said "if you pay $1000 (1/share)
         | that these shares are now yours?
         | 
         | If so, and there is a gap between what you paid, and what your
         | 409a says the value of the shares at purchase time, you owe tax
         | on the difference, now.
         | 
         | And you are saying that the company also has an options
         | contract to buy back those shares? why?
         | 
         | It feels like either this company is trying some advanced
         | scenario with a bit of risk, or doesn't actually understand the
         | value of options.
         | 
         | Why go through all of that when they could just give you
         | options?
        
           | hellcow wrote:
           | This is what's typically done for founders--it's called
           | reverse vesting where the company gradually loses the right
           | to repurchase them over time. Generally this is done when the
           | company is new, pre-409a.
           | 
           | There's nice tax advantages to this approach if you make an
           | 83b election since the shares start counting toward long-term
           | capital gains immediately.
        
             | lbotos wrote:
             | Thanks! That does make a lot of sense for founders, but OP
             | mentioned "the company sold him shares" which leads me to
             | some sort of weird pseudo options thing. Hoping they can
             | clear that up so I can understand more.
             | 
             | Reverse vesting seems way more straightforward: you sign,
             | you get equity immediately, company can take back any at
             | agreed upon price at whatever intervals defined in the
             | contract.
        
               | ska wrote:
               | Right, and it avoids some tax issues later as you have
               | owned and held them since you started (jurisdiction
               | dependent).
               | 
               | Reverse vesting is pretty common for founding employees,
               | or near then, also, ime. The only problem is if the share
               | value isn't justifiable very low, it can be too
               | expensive.
               | 
               | The moment you raise any significant amount , the implied
               | valuation may make this impractical.
        
       | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
       | Here's a fairly good Boston Globe article on the company:
       | https://www.bostonglobe.com/2022/07/13/business/once-heralde...
        
         | mavelikara wrote:
         | https://archive.ph/DrYES
        
       | hash872 wrote:
       | Can I ask two dumb questions though? If DataRobot is doing so
       | poorly- why did investors want to purchase the executives'
       | shares? Presumably they are sophisticated investors and had a
       | look at the company books, etc.
       | 
       | So let's say they liked what they say, and it made sense for them
       | to purchase a certain amount of DataRobot shares. If that's the
       | case- why not let the employees sell to the investors too? If
       | there's a pool of investors who are willing to purchase X number
       | of shares at Y value, presumably either they or other investors
       | would like to purchase 3X number of shares.... Wouldn't this be
       | win-win, the employees can sell if they like, and the investors
       | can buy if they'd like? Why not allow that too?
        
         | phphphphp wrote:
         | Executives are incentivised to liquidate as soon as possible
         | because unrealised gains in a startup are very risky.
         | Executives are disincentivised from allowing employees to
         | liquidate because the illiquid nature of the stock is a large
         | part of what keeps the employees working at the company.
         | 
         | This happened in 2021, anyone will buy anything when the market
         | is doing well. DataRobot is doing badly by 2022 standards, by
         | 2021 standards it was a great investment simply by virtue of
         | being an investment -- it's hard to overstate how absolutely
         | batshit the private market was in 20/21.
        
         | ska wrote:
         | It may have been smarter to do this.
         | 
         | In general letting any earlier equity holders into a round
         | effectively reduces the amount of cash you end up with, so
         | there is no reason to do it except keeping those equity holders
         | happy. It's also a bit harder to manage with a bunch of smaller
         | blocks, but you can pool this easily enough.
         | 
         | It's always going to be a balance, but it might have been
         | better to allow anyone to include a small percent of vested
         | stock in the round (to the same total amount ) rather than just
         | let execs cash out.
        
         | adrr wrote:
         | Employees can sell to the investor. I don't think investors
         | want to manage 100+ stock sales including sending in tax forms
         | etc. There are active secondary market to sell shares in
         | private companies.
        
           | marcinzm wrote:
           | >There are active secondary market to sell shares in private
           | companies.
           | 
           | Some startups make is harder by having a clause of first
           | refusal for selling stock.
        
             | adrr wrote:
             | First right refusal just gives the company/current
             | investors first dibs at any potential stock sale.
        
               | marcinzm wrote:
               | Sure and that means investors are much less likely to buy
               | the stock. They go through all the effort and then if
               | it's a good deal someone else buys it instead. Some
               | secondary markets will outright refuse to deal with
               | shares that have such clauses.
        
               | ska wrote:
               | Some have no secondary sale clauses too. Depending where
               | you are they may not be enforceable. Or you any have got
               | RSU's that aren't saleable the way anyhow.
               | 
               | For very small/early startups, there may not be an
               | effective secondary market at all, let alone permission
               | to participate in a raise.
        
         | nathanvanfleet wrote:
         | This is a real "why did the scorpion sting me?" sort of
         | question
        
         | atwood22 wrote:
         | Because this was a decision made by the executive team to cash
         | out their own shares? If they let employees sell, then the
         | executives could sell fewer shares. Isn't that obvious?
        
       | 11101010001100 wrote:
       | Loyalty is near akin to naivety in the game 'Capitalism 2.0'.
        
       | anewpersonality wrote:
       | Can someone tldr what happened
       | 
       | I dont have sympathy for someone who took out huge loans
       | expecting to make bank but didn't.
        
         | rl1987 wrote:
         | Common wisdom is that startup equity is merely a bunch of
         | lottery tickets due to odds being systematically against
         | employees becoming rich from that, despite founders and upper
         | management talking otherwise. Unsurprisingly, some people lost
         | the lottery.
        
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