[HN Gopher] A mysterious cult that predates Stonehenge
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       A mysterious cult that predates Stonehenge
        
       Author : bryanrasmussen
       Score  : 55 points
       Date   : 2022-07-09 08:04 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bbc.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bbc.com)
        
       | doodlebugging wrote:
       | It's pretty easy for some people with the benefit of 8000 years
       | of learning to look at something like this and call it a cult.
       | That must be the default description archaeologists use to
       | describe a society that left no clear records written in the
       | archaeologist's native tongue or one that can easily help them
       | understand the culture that lived during that time or that built
       | those structures.
       | 
       | I originally read this article when it was posted to BBC news
       | last week. I was not able to come to the same conclusion about
       | this being some kind of cult. Cult to me has negative
       | connotations. I would describe these people more charitably and
       | probably more accurately as inhabitants who used local materials
       | to construct buildings and structures intended to help them
       | manage their local resources - food supplies, animals both wild
       | and domesticated, protection from heat and cold, etc.
       | 
       | The mustatils themselves look like efficient pens for animals
       | raised for consumption and the fact that there are so many
       | scattered in such a large area, where we also see evidence of
       | many people living together tells me that these mustatils were
       | probably meat markets.
       | 
       | The existence of skulls of the goats, cattle, and gazelles just
       | tells me what they had managed to capture, control, or
       | domesticate. People have to eat.
       | 
       | Another thing really chaps my ass here as the author uses
       | ridiculously irrelevant hyperbole to describe one of the mustatil
       | in terms of the Eiffel Tower that make no sense to a deep
       | thinker.
       | 
       | >Some of the mustatils weigh as much as 12,000 tonnes; more than
       | the Eiffel Tower.
       | 
       | What? A mustatil is a collection of rocks. When you put enough
       | rocks together you can end up with something that weighs a lot.
       | Their dumbass statement makes it sound like building a structure
       | out of individual rocks that collectively ended up weighing more
       | than a large modern steel structure was a major accomplishment. I
       | disagree. I think it was an ordinary response to the need to keep
       | a good food supply close to their settlements.
       | 
       | I picture the people who lived here as industrious people who had
       | all the skills needed to survive in the climate at the time and a
       | good understanding not only of local materials, but of how to use
       | those materials to their advantage. Later peoples in the area
       | carved massive buildings into solid sandstone. Their predecessors
       | were not ignorant cave men stumbling about. Instead, they were
       | bright enough to be able to lay out plans for large structures
       | and then to build them by doing exactly what we would do today.
       | They would use their muscles and reach down and pick up rocks of
       | many sizes and over a period of time they would be able to stack
       | enough together to accomplish their goal.
       | 
       | I don't know whether they used animals to help drag the larger
       | stones or rolled them along the ground on sleds or even how they
       | did it. The fact is that they built it one rock at a time and in
       | the end they had a well-organized collection of rocks that
       | weighed about as much (if you believe an archeologist's estimate)
       | as the Eiffel Tower which was itself constructed one piece of
       | steel at a time and held together with bolts or rivets. Again,
       | that is the way you build something that starts off small and
       | ends up huge.
       | 
       | I hope they keep digging out there and that they catalog things
       | and geo-reference everything as they go and that one day they can
       | tell me what the last guy to live there had for supper based on
       | the composition of the most recent coprolite found in the most
       | recently dated septic pit.
       | 
       | I just don't think they need to start right off describing
       | something as a cult and making it sound mysterious that people
       | would slaughter their food animals near where the animals were
       | penned and eat the carcass somewhere else. How many of you bring
       | a goat head home from the grocery store?
        
         | AlotOfReading wrote:
         | It's worth remembering that words aren't static over time and
         | the negative connotations you attach to the word 'cult'
         | wouldn't have existed for the early romans and greeks we get
         | the word from. Early archaeologists and historians, being
         | gigantic geeks for classical civilizations, basically copied
         | the meaning during the renaissance / early modern period and
         | that's where the modern term-of-art comes from. If it helps,
         | you can understand it as "specific practices of worship by a
         | group, especially if they're non-christian and non-western".
         | There's some historical pejorative implications from colonial
         | mindsets, but that's a different discussion.
        
         | aaplok wrote:
         | > The mustatils themselves look like efficient pens
         | 
         | From the article: "initial theories suggested they were used as
         | territorial markers for ancestral grazing grounds. Yet, as more
         | and more were found, all dating to the same period, a different
         | understanding emerged."
         | 
         | So the cult idea wasn't the archeologists' default description
         | and their initial ideas were the same as yours. There aren't
         | many hints in the article on why they revised that idea, but
         | the following paragraph says this: "They've uncovered large
         | numbers of cattle, goat and wild gazelle skulls and horns in
         | small chambers in the heads of the mustatil, but found no
         | indication that these were kept for domestic use. Since no
         | other animal's body parts were found, it led the team to deduce
         | that these were sacrificial. It further suggested that the
         | animals were sacrificed elsewhere. This is important because it
         | is evidence of a highly organised, cultic society, much earlier
         | than was previously thought - predating Islam in the region by
         | 6,000 years." Any theory will need to explain away the piling
         | of animal skulls, and absence of the rest of the animal bodies,
         | in the mutatils.
         | 
         | "Cult" should not be read negatively. It's probably a way to
         | describe a proto-religion. Not as organised and consistent as
         | modern religions, but enough similarities to indicate common
         | worshipping practice. Certainly the most interesting part is
         | the common culture across a large geographical area, which is
         | quite sophisticated for the times.
        
         | the_af wrote:
         | > _" cult to me has negative connotations"_
         | 
         | What about the Roman Catholic cult?
        
       | tombh wrote:
       | Cult? What unfortunate word choice. We're talking about a period
       | possibly 8000 years ago! The common understanding of "cult" is
       | shaped by the Euro-centric, post-Christian New Religious
       | Movements (the preferred academic nomenclature) of the 1960s. Not
       | only did European culture not exist in the Neolithic, nor did
       | Christian nor even the so-called Axial Age whence the roots of
       | many of the world's major religions.
        
         | nwatson wrote:
         | This is the technical use of the word "cult": "a system of
         | religious veneration and devotion directed toward a particular
         | figure or object". As is "the cult of Diana" and not "the
         | Branch Davidian or The Children of God cults."
        
           | tombh wrote:
           | In what field is it technical? I have a degree in Religious
           | Studies and we were taught it was strictly jargon.
        
             | LegitShady wrote:
             | > I have a degree in Religious Studies and we were taught
             | it was strictly jargon.
             | 
             | sounds like you were in a cult
        
             | pvg wrote:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cult_(religious_practice)
             | 
             | just like 'cultic practice' is used in the article which is
             | not related to the 'New Religious Movement' meaning.
        
               | tombh wrote:
               | > This article discusses the _original_ meaning of the
               | word "cult", not the term in the sociology of religion,
               | new religious movements called "cults", cults of
               | personality, or popular cult followings.
               | 
               | Emphasis mine. As far as I was educated this is neither
               | the commonly understood nor academically encouraged
               | usage.
        
               | pvg wrote:
               | It's still used like that in historical or
               | anthropological writing. Cult of the emperor, cult of
               | this or that. You're just used to a different meaning
               | that is also avoided in your particular field where the
               | two meanings are more negatively collidey.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | thaumasiotes wrote:
             | > In what field is it technical? I have a degree in
             | Religious Studies and we were taught it was strictly
             | jargon.
             | 
             | Those two terms are synonymous.
             | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/jargon#Noun
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | jccooper wrote:
         | The common understanding of cult (which I would argue is
         | probably "religion I don't like", but that doesn't matter) is
         | not in use here. This is a technical usage in archaeology to
         | refer to religious interaction with place and object... which
         | is basically all prehistoric archaeology can see.
        
           | tombh wrote:
           | I wasn't aware of that. It was so drummed into me at
           | university (Religious Studies) to avoid the word that I'm
           | intrigued as to why another academic field would uses it
           | seriously. Do you have any reading recommendations that might
           | give an insight into its technical usage?
        
             | kortilla wrote:
             | >It was so drummed into me at university (Religious
             | Studies) to avoid the word that I'm intrigued as to why
             | another academic field would uses it seriously.
             | 
             | Because there would be very little feedback from Religious
             | Studies into other fields on what words are acceptable.
             | There are disagreements on terminology within academia in
             | the same sub-field (I saw this in even programming language
             | research).
        
         | insickness wrote:
         | Agreed. Was about to comment on the same. Seems like they
         | wanted to imply that the religious practices were less evolved
         | and complex than modern-day religions. But the word choice
         | could be better.
        
           | timeon wrote:
           | I'm not good in English or Latin language, but as far as I
           | know 'cult' is from Latin 'cultus' which among other things
           | may have something to do with worshiping. Maybe in English it
           | has negative connotations but for example in my native
           | language it does not matter if you say 'cult of sun' or 'cult
           | of Jesus'.
        
       | j3th9n wrote:
       | These are UFO landing strips.
        
         | doodlebugging wrote:
         | For evidence of this I think the archaeologists should focus on
         | finding the holes in the corners of the mustatils where they
         | planted their tiki torches used to guide those UFO pilots home.
         | 
         | Maybe all the goat, cattle, and gazelle heads is just evidence
         | that aliens are only interested in the rear portions of earth's
         | animals. That would bolster my personal theory that earth is
         | nothing more than a training ground for alien proctologists and
         | gastroenterologists. Their first visit convinced them that
         | there was nothing here but a bunch of assholes so they decided
         | that in spite of that there was still something they could
         | learn here.
        
       | crikeyjoe wrote:
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-07-10 23:00 UTC)