[HN Gopher] Notice of termination of Twitter merger agreement
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Notice of termination of Twitter merger agreement
        
       Author : coloneltcb
       Score  : 1252 points
       Date   : 2022-07-08 21:24 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.sec.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.sec.gov)
        
       | bandrami wrote:
       | He spent _a billion dollars_ to troll hand-wringing Twitter users
        
       | legitster wrote:
       | Oh boy. The real circus is about to begin. Everything before this
       | was just a warm up.
        
         | x86x87 wrote:
         | Nowadays when everything is just circus is hard to say when
         | things start and when they end. One thing is clear to me - Elon
         | didn't learn anything from his previous episodes ("funding
         | secure", calling people names, crypto scams, etc).
        
       | phendrenad2 wrote:
       | This is going to end with Elon a lot poorer, and Twitter owning a
       | large chunk of Tesla stock, isn't it?
        
         | CogitoCogito wrote:
         | If I were Twitter, the last thing I would accept is Tesla stock
         | when what I really was owed is cash.
        
       | codeulike wrote:
       | I stand by my theory that the whole thing was a displacement
       | activity that caught his attention instead of something else more
       | arduous that he was supposed to do that month.
       | 
       | Like when I suddenly develop an interest in Columbo trivia when
       | actually I'm supposed to be doing my accounts.
        
         | encryptluks2 wrote:
         | Would be even funnier if it had to do with impressing a woman.
        
       | nemo44x wrote:
       | Why would he spend $44B on a company worth $28B today? I'd make a
       | new offer of $35B. They'd probably accept.
        
         | compiler-guy wrote:
         | Because he signed a contract to that effect, without any
         | contingencies if the stock went down. He doesn't really have a
         | choice except to go through an extended legal process that
         | likely will end up going against him.
        
           | nemo44x wrote:
           | I'd rather lose $1B than $15B. Stock will rank to < $10/share
           | over next year now.
        
         | manquer wrote:
         | They can't accept anything like that , twitter board would get
         | sued by their shareholders for any price renegotiation.
         | 
         | Shareholders would sue them as most legal theory says twitter
         | would win in court and enforce the deal, so there is no reason
         | for the board to renegotiate instead of going to court, the
         | board has fiduciary responsibilities.
        
           | nemo44x wrote:
           | Why not? Elon would be snarky to not buy and only lose $1B vs
           | $10B. Clearly after investigation the company isn't worth
           | that and the public markets will vet forget. The stock likely
           | tanks to < $10 over the next year now.
           | 
           | They should be happy to get $35.
        
             | manquer wrote:
             | That model works when the parties in power own the business
             | 
             | The board does not own twitter, they only have fiduciary
             | power to act on behalf the interest of shareholders. The
             | merger agreement is strong and legal precedence in such
             | cases has almost always been in favor of the seller ,
             | Twitter's probability of winning in court is therefore
             | quite high and they can reasonably expect to force Musk to
             | honor the agreement.
             | 
             | Given this scenario, there will be significant portion of
             | shareholders ( likely the majority) who would want to take
             | the legal route and try and maximize their value, even more
             | so because now the stock is not going to reach same levels
             | anytime soon.
             | 
             | If the board did not honor these expectations, those
             | shareholders have good cause to sue and win an argument
             | that board did not do their job[1] and have to compensate
             | them for lost value in the sale. Loosing such a
             | case(likely) will be catastrophic for the board members.
             | 
             | [1] This construct and limitations on the board is there
             | for good reasons, otherwise a buyer would just bribe the
             | board with far smaller amount than the value of company .
        
       | alfor wrote:
       | Elon is pretty straightforward.
       | 
       | The deal is obviously not worth it if a sizable chunk of user are
       | fake.
       | 
       | His first action would be to get rid of fake account and doing so
       | decrease the value of Twitter for him and everyone that join him.
       | 
       | It's better if the value decrease now to reflect reality, then
       | buy at a far price and improve from that point.
       | 
       | I think the deal might go own at a much lower price. The lying is
       | going to get out, the value of Twitter will then have to be
       | evaluate at the current economic level.
        
       | minimaxir wrote:
       | Elon waived his right to due diligence when he first made the
       | offer to buy Twitter, so backing out of the deal by arguing a
       | lack of due diligence is very funny.
        
         | tazjin wrote:
         | They write
         | 
         | > Despite public speculation on this point, Mr. Musk did not
         | waive his right to review Twitter's data and information simply
         | because he chose not to seek this data and information before
         | entering into the Merger Agreement. In fact, he negotiated
         | access and information rights within the Merger Agreement
         | precisely so that he could review data and information that is
         | important to Twitter's business before financing and completing
         | the transaction.
         | 
         | Is the merger agreement public?
        
           | riazrizvi wrote:
           | He was specifically looking for
           | 
           | > 1. Information related to Twitter's process for auditing
           | the inclusion of spam and fake accounts in mDAU.
           | 
           | > 2. Information related to Twitter's process for identifying
           | and suspending spam and fake accounts.
           | 
           | His principle activity is influencing. The main sticking
           | point of the proposed merger is information on how Twitter
           | polices fake accounts. Nothing suspicious about this at all.
           | Reminds me of the time a wolf was interested in buying my
           | farm, and mainly wanted to know when my dog was chained up
           | and how long the chain was exactly.
        
             | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
             | From what I understand, the sticking point is the total bot
             | count, and since ElMu can't produce a trustworthy/reliable
             | bot count which differs from Twitter's (meaning, he can't
             | defend his claims), he appears to be switching to attack,
             | trying to get data on how _Twitter_ produces their counts,
             | even though he can 't convincingly articulate any issues
             | with either it or the result.
        
               | namdnay wrote:
               | The sticking point is that he put an offer in when the
               | company was worth twice what it is today, so now he'll
               | try anything to wriggle out of his commitment
        
           | jcranmer wrote:
           | First result on Google cropped up this:
           | 
           | https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1418091/000119312522.
           | ..
        
             | rahimnathwani wrote:
             | Section 6.4
        
               | floxy wrote:
               | >Section 6.4 Access to Information; Confidentiality. Upon
               | reasonable notice, the Company shall (and shall cause
               | each of its Subsidiaries to) afford to the
               | representatives, officers, directors, employees, agents,
               | attorneys, accountants and financial advisors
               | ("Representatives") of Parent reasonable access (at
               | Parent's sole cost and expense), in a manner not
               | disruptive in any material respect to the operations of
               | the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, during
               | normal business hours and upon reasonable written notice
               | throughout the period commencing on the date of this
               | Agreement until the earlier of the Effective Time and the
               | termination of this Agreement pursuant to Article VIII,
               | to the properties, books and records of the Company and
               | its Subsidiaries and, during such period, shall (and
               | shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to) furnish promptly
               | to such Representatives all information concerning the
               | business, properties and personnel of the Company and its
               | Subsidiaries as may reasonably be requested in writing,
               | in each case, for any reasonable business purpose related
               | to the consummation of the transactions contemplated by
               | this Agreement; provided, however, that nothing herein
               | shall require the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to
               | disclose any information to Parent or Acquisition Sub if
               | such disclosure would, in the reasonable judgment of the
               | Company, (i) cause significant competitive harm to the
               | Company or its Subsidiaries if the transactions
               | contemplated by this Agreement are not consummated, (ii)
               | violate applicable Law or the provisions of any agreement
               | to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a
               | party, or (iii) jeopardize any attorney-client or other
               | legal privilege. No investigation or access permitted
               | pursuant to this Section 6.4 shall affect or be deemed to
               | modify any representation or warranty made by the Company
               | hereunder. Each of Parent and Acquisition Sub agrees that
               | it will not, and will cause its Representatives not to,
               | use any information obtained pursuant to this Section 6.4
               | (or otherwise pursuant to this Agreement) for any
               | competitive or other purpose unrelated to the
               | consummation of the transactions contemplated by this
               | Agreement. Parent will use its reasonable best efforts to
               | minimize any disruption to the respective business of the
               | Company and its Subsidiaries that may result from
               | requests for access under this Section 6.4 and,
               | notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the
               | Company may satisfy its obligations set forth above by
               | electronic means if physical access is not reasonably
               | feasible or would not be permitted under applicable Law
               | as a result of COVID-19 or any COVID-19 Measures. Prior
               | to any disclosure, the Company and Parent shall enter
               | into a customary confidentiality agreement with respect
               | to any information obtained pursuant to this Section 6.4
               | (or otherwise pursuant to this Agreement).
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | AlphaSite wrote:
               | I suspect Musk violated these terms himself: > Parent
               | will use its reasonable best efforts to minimize any
               | disruption to the respective business of the Company and
               | its Subsidiaries that may result from requests for access
               | under this Section 6.4 and, notwithstanding anything to
               | the contrary herein When he made a public m spectacle of
               | the requests for users, etc and publicised data.
        
               | rvz wrote:
               | So the fraudsters at Twitter knew, and Twitter is in fact
               | a spam bot utopia, hence why they didn't want to provide
               | all the data that Musk requested.
               | 
               | Either way, I am laughing at all of them. (Yes. Elon also
               | played the fraudster role as well)
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | after he complained about his access to their API, they
               | additionally provided him with access to their Firehose,
               | which is essentially a stream of all their data
               | 
               | what did musk's filing say about that? any complaints?
        
               | csours wrote:
               | Yes they knew, and they've been saying so for ages. They
               | disclose it in their SEC reports. It doesn't matter.
               | 
               | What matters is that Elon has a bad time when he goes on
               | Twitter because he is bombarded by bots and spam.
               | 
               | If there were only 3 bots on Twitter, they would all be
               | bombarding Elon. If there were no bots on Twitter, he
               | would still be bombarded by spam.
               | 
               | I guess you can't really use "I'm tired of my personal
               | experience being terrible on Twitter" to raise money to
               | buy Twitter, or to keep your fanboys engaged, or whatever
               | Elon is thinking.
               | 
               | Personally, I think "I'm tired of my personal experience
               | being terrible on Twitter" would have been a very honest
               | way for him to approach the whole matter.
               | 
               | I also think that it is very natural for people to feel a
               | threat or emotion or anger and then pin that on an
               | external actor or actors, when it's something that they
               | feel inside themselves.
        
               | kevinmchugh wrote:
               | It seems to me that he could've, as a board member, said
               | loudly (and publicly!) that the experience for high-
               | follower, highly active accounts sucks, and they would've
               | had to listen
        
               | csours wrote:
               | Yea, I really don't understand. I think maybe you have to
               | be a billionaire to get it.
        
               | kevinmchugh wrote:
               | I wonder how many other billionaires are sitting around
               | trying to figure this out, why he went so big and flashy
        
             | at-fates-hands wrote:
             | This is probably the document more people will be
             | interested in.
             | 
             | It outlines the fraud allegations:
             | 
             | https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1418091/00011046592
             | 2...
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _Is the merger agreement public?_
           | 
           | Yes [1].
           | 
           | [1] https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0001418091/000119
           | 312...
        
           | tptacek wrote:
           | This argument is a sleight of hand. Nobody has claimed that
           | Musk waived his right to information from Twitter. What he
           | waived was his right to diligence, which is the right to
           | information _along with the discretionary right to terminate
           | the deal based on it_. What he waived was the ability to do
           | anything with the information absent an (impossible to
           | obtain) MAE discovery.
           | 
           | The obvious legalese thing to do in Musk's buyers-remorse
           | situation is to use the information rights to make demands so
           | unreasonable no acquiree can reasonably honor them, which is
           | exactly what he seems to have done here.
        
             | aeternum wrote:
             | Instead of all this interpretation you're posting, why
             | don't you post the actual language of the deal so people
             | can decide for themselves?
        
               | zrobotics wrote:
               | Perhaps, the actual language of the deal is written in
               | legalese and providing a clear interpretation is
               | valuable? I've certainly been in meetings with lawyers
               | that my company specifically engaged for their ability to
               | provide an interpretation of a contract in clear
               | language. Now, nobody paid the GP to provide that
               | interpretation, but it seems silly to pretend that it's
               | invalid to speculate on the interpretation of a contract
               | when there is an entire profession specialized in the
               | minutia of similar activity.
        
               | diffeomorphism wrote:
               | That misses the point. The question was whether the
               | "clear interpretation" was actually accurate. In other
               | words GP's interpretation might simply be wrong.
               | 
               | > invalid to speculate.
               | 
               | Then say that you are speculating instead if claiming it
               | as the truth.
        
               | zrobotics wrote:
               | Oh, have you never dealt with lawyers? There are usually
               | multiple valid interpretations of a contract, depending
               | on what side you are on. I didn't claim to be an oracle
               | of truth, I'm not even tangentially related to this case
               | (as I suspect 99% of the commenter here are).
               | 
               | This is a legal matter, and often it comes down to which
               | side argues their case better. It isn't code where there
               | is only the factual interpretation as seen by the
               | compiler; law takes into account the fuzzy human
               | interpretations that often frustrate programmers.
               | Ultimately, this contract will be enforced by the courts
               | in whichever side makes a better case.
               | 
               | Note that this may mean that even if Elon is in the wrong
               | by canceling, the court may find in his favor simply due
               | to the potential economic fallout. Sucks, but if law was
               | a cut and dried thing we would have eliminated lawyers
               | long ago.
        
               | CogitoCogito wrote:
               | Well-written contracts don't really have multiple valid
               | interpretations. I don't know why we should assume the
               | contract wasn't well-written.
        
               | aeternum wrote:
               | Well if that's your definition, I'd go so far as to say
               | 'well-written' contracts don't exist.
        
               | CogitoCogito wrote:
               | > Well if that's your definition, I'd go so far as to say
               | 'well-written' contracts don't exist.
               | 
               | Do you believe it's not possible to draw up clear
               | contracts with clear meanings? Do you believe that if you
               | just take any contract and pay a lawyer some money, they
               | can argue whatever? In that case, what's the purpose of
               | drawing up a contract at all?
        
               | aeternum wrote:
               | Language is imprecise so I'd argue it is basically
               | impossible to create a contract with zero ambiguity.
               | 
               | Resolving that ambiguity is an important function of law
               | and I'd go so far as to say the primary function of the
               | court system. I do believe that if you pay a lawyer
               | enough money you can probably find one willing to argue
               | what you want although you may not win.
        
               | JamesSwift wrote:
               | https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0001418091/000119
               | 312...
               | 
               | Copying a previous reply I've made on this:
               | 
               | Section 5.11 ("Parent" and "Acquisition Sub" is Musk,
               | "Company" is Twitter):
               | 
               | > Each of Parent and Acquisition Sub has conducted, to
               | its satisfaction, its own independent investigation,
               | review and analysis of the business, results of
               | operations, prospects, condition (financial or otherwise)
               | or assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries. In making
               | its determination to proceed with the transactions
               | contemplated by this Agreement, including the Merger,
               | each of Parent and Acquisition Sub has relied solely on
               | the results of its own independent review and analysis
               | and the covenants, representations and warranties of the
               | Company contained in this Agreement
               | 
               | So, in essence:
               | 
               | 1) Musk has been afforded the opportunity to address any
               | concerns he has with Twitter
               | 
               | 2) Any concerns of Musks have been satisfactorily
               | resolved by Twitter
               | 
               | 3) In determining said satisfaction, Musk is relying on
               | his own judgement and analysis, and is not relying on any
               | analysis by Twitter.
        
               | aeternum wrote:
               | He independently reviewed the covenants, representations
               | and warranties of the Company but there could still be an
               | issue if those representations (by the Company) were
               | falsified or fraudulent.
               | 
               | If you are buying a bank under these same terms and the
               | bank represents that they have $X in deposits, then it
               | turns out that they actually have $X/2 in deposits are
               | you saying the transaction should also be forced to
               | proceed?
               | 
               | Is it meaningfully different here because X is # real
               | users rather than dollars?
        
               | JamesSwift wrote:
               | Theres a couple differences here.
               | 
               | First, so far its not an argument that the data is
               | "falsified or fraudulent". Its merely that the data is
               | incorrect. Theres a very big difference, and the 10-Q
               | claims are so measured and non-committal that its very
               | hard to even find anything that could be construed as
               | falsified/fraudulent. The claims themselves even go ahead
               | and say it might not be right, even implying they have a
               | significant likelihood of imprecision due to the
               | methodology employed.
               | 
               | In order for the claims to be falsified/fraudulent, you
               | would have to have actual deliberate lying and coverups
               | to get there. In other words, they found 20% but
               | _intentionally still put 5% even though its a made up
               | metric that they can just move the goal posts on_. It
               | just doesn't make any sense to do that and, in my
               | opinion, is _extremely_ unlikely to be found during
               | discovery.
               | 
               | Second, if the argument being made is that he thinks its
               | higher than 5% _and isnt arguing deliberate fraud_ then
               | the clause I pasted above absolves Twitter because it
               | says Musk has been afforded the opportunity to fact check
               | it and has no reason to debate the accuracy of the claim.
        
               | aeternum wrote:
               | Well based on the termination letter it looks like they
               | are claiming it is deliberate since the number of known-
               | spam accounts (blocked accounts) were not subtracted from
               | the reported total user count.
        
               | deelowe wrote:
               | > The obvious legalese thing to do in Musk's buyers-
               | remorse situation is to use the information rights to
               | make demands so unreasonable no acquiree can reasonably
               | honor them, which is exactly what he seems to have done
               | here.
               | 
               | They posted an opinion, not interpretation... The part
               | before the opinion as simply for context.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | stale2002 wrote:
               | Why don't you go do it yourself?
               | 
               | Someone else gave their opinion.
               | 
               | If you disagree, then say why.
               | 
               | If you want that evidence, then go get it yourself.
        
             | suzzer99 wrote:
             | So it's like waiving contingencies on a house, then trying
             | to back out because it has electrical problems?
        
               | bigbluedots wrote:
               | No, it's like trying to back out because you don't like
               | electricity any more
        
           | JamesSwift wrote:
           | Yes its public, just as this letter is. Notice that they dont
           | refer to any specific section of the agreement in this
           | portion of the statement, unlike the other references they
           | make to the agreement.
        
         | that_guy_iain wrote:
         | They're not claiming a lack of sue diligence, they're claiming
         | fraud. Which is different. They're saying they're lying about
         | the numbers. Which would be fraud.
        
           | zimpenfish wrote:
           | > They're saying they're lying about the numbers. Which would
           | be fraud.
           | 
           | But they've been sending the SEC these same numbers
           | calculated using the same methodology since 2013, right? If
           | they were materially adverse circumstances, you'd imagine
           | that someone would have caught this in the last 9 years...
        
             | rocqua wrote:
             | They have said, our bes guess is 5%, but the accuracy is
             | limited by these factors, and we make very little promises
             | that it is correct.
             | 
             | Besides, Musk has been complaining about bots for a long
             | time, and has made it clear he doesn't believe the 5%
             | number way before the acquisition. If the 5% number was a
             | sticking point for him, he could have demanded due
             | diligence. He did not demand that, thereby waiving his
             | rights.
        
             | teej wrote:
             | This flavor of "fraud" is something I'd expect an activist
             | investor or short-seller to address, not the SEC.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | The SEC isn't being asked to address anything, it's being
               | informed that Musk is moving to drop the merger which was
               | something SEC had to be informed about the same way that
               | it had to be informed of the merger plans, as I
               | understand it.
        
               | rocqua wrote:
               | This is now going to a Delaware court, not the SEC. The
               | filing here is just a notification to shareholders.
        
             | camjohnson26 wrote:
             | Also, Musk routinely knowingly confuses DAUs and normal
             | users. Twitter claims 5% of daily active users are bots,
             | but Musk complains about how many of his followers are
             | bots, when clearly many of those wouldn't be DAUs.
             | 
             | Twitter's CEO has addressed this. Musk responded with a
             | poop emoji: https://twitter.com/paraga/status/1526237578843
             | 672576?s=20&t...
        
               | la64710 wrote:
               | Which only shows Musk is shit himself,
        
               | woevdbz wrote:
               | Not only that, but _monetizable_ DAUs, which is basically
               | an advertising metric consisting primarily of folks whose
               | only actions on a given day might just be  "checking my
               | feed, liking a couple posts", and from which fake users
               | are likely already removed without there being a strong
               | reason to shut down their accounts. Whatever ad
               | impressions those users get don't get billed to
               | advertisers, and there's no strong motive to shutting
               | them down if they haven't published anything contravening
               | Twitter's policies...
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | rkagerer wrote:
               | I can't get to the end of that thread without the Signup
               | nag taking over the whole window and obliterating the
               | content. Tried half a dozen times. Finally got there via
               | an Incognito window (though still don't see Musk's
               | response).
               | 
               | So Twitter tagged my device with a cookie specifically
               | meant to keep me from viewing users' content. How's that
               | support their mission statement, _" To give everyone the
               | power to create and share ideas and information
               | instantly, without barriers"_?
               | 
               | It's not in my interest, or that of their users. The only
               | benefit is to their bottom line, and I'd argue tactics
               | like that do more long term damage than good. Certainly
               | doesn't make _me_ want to sign up or log in.
               | 
               | Go choke on Elon's <shit emoji>, Twitter. _/ rant_
        
               | raydev wrote:
               | > Twitter claims 5% of daily active users are bots
               | 
               | You also left out an important piece: 5% of their
               | *monetizable* DAU. Not just DAU.
               | 
               | But you're right, Elon's been convincing the public that
               | Twitter has made claims they never actually made.
        
           | delaaxe wrote:
           | They who and they who?
        
           | timmytokyo wrote:
           | They'd have to prove it in court. Good luck with that.
        
             | electic wrote:
             | It is quite easy to prove twitter is mostly full of bots.
             | You do not even need a firehose to come to that conclusion.
        
               | not2b wrote:
               | Right, but Twitter's method of counting the number of
               | daily active users, meaning the number who are seeing
               | ads, which is what the SEC report refers to, was
               | allegedly designed to exclude most bots. Perhaps it's
               | wrong, but they never said 5% of _accounts_ are bots (far
               | more are).
        
               | dredds wrote:
               | Twitter's SEC filing: "In making this [mDAU]
               | determination, we applied significant judgment, so our
               | estimation of false or spam accounts may not accurately
               | represent the actual number of such accounts, and the
               | actual number of false or spam accounts could be higher
               | than we have estimated."
               | 
               | Neither side said bots, but bots _should_ be a subset of
               | "false or spam" accounts. They basically used "our
               | judgement" and give themselves complete discretion. And
               | 5% is a nice round number plucked from nowhere which
               | sounds awesome! Providing proof of that to a Banker or
               | Backer (or Elon or a future Jury) isn't therefore
               | possible or intended. It's marketing spin in an SEC
               | filing.
        
               | vehementi wrote:
               | > but bots _should_ be a subset of "false or spam"
               | accounts
               | 
               | Do you mean "they should report all bots as part of their
               | false or spam accounts number", or that you believe
               | logically bots are in fact a subset of the number twitter
               | reports, and so twitter's number is bogus if 50% of all
               | accounts are bots?
               | 
               | If it's the latter, you're missing the point of their
               | mDAU marketing metric. It already has all the obvious
               | bots and non active accounts removed. They're saying,
               | what % of advertising revenue turns out to be from bots.
        
               | elil17 wrote:
               | But Twitter said that the number was provided on a best
               | effort basis, so you don't need to prove the number was
               | wrong. rather, you need to prove that Twitter tried to
               | lie. Unless there's an internal email saying "I'm making
               | up the number 5% because we know it's higher but we don't
               | want to write that," it doesn't matter at all. If such an
               | email existed, Twitter wouldn't be fighting the back-out
               | because revealing that email would mean damages for
               | existing shareholders.
        
               | Johnny555 wrote:
               | If you have proof that twitter is > 50% bots, you should
               | give that evidence to Musk. Or, give it to an attorney
               | that's eager to see Twitter's board go to jail for
               | putting false data in SEC filings.
        
               | camjohnson26 wrote:
               | Even if 50% are bots it doesn't matter. Twitter's claims
               | are around mDAUs, not accounts.
        
           | WhyNotHugo wrote:
           | If he's claiming fraud, doesn't he have to prove it?
        
           | xadhominemx wrote:
           | Fraud is not enough. It has to be fraud bad enough to cause a
           | materially adverse effect, which means it would have to
           | seriously impair the value of the business.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | tptacek wrote:
             | Which is why it's not fraud --- Delaware has effectively
             | never finds MAEs. The premise of him walking away is his
             | (utterly specious, but perhaps practically effective) claim
             | that Twitter breached the acquisition contract by refusing
             | to live up to its information covenants.
        
           | dkjaudyeqooe wrote:
           | Which is nonsense, since the numbers in question are not
           | verifiable.
           | 
           | How can you identify a "spam account"? It's not possible to
           | definitively determine the intent of someone opening or using
           | a new account.
           | 
           | So the numbers are arguable either way. Musk is using this
           | fact to try to wriggle out of a disastrous impulse buy.
        
             | smaryjerry wrote:
             | It's not that subjective anyone using twitter still sees
             | spam accounts promoting a website, business, product, or
             | scam on every post. Twitter just said they remove 1M spam
             | accounts each day. Their mDAU is claimed to be around 200M.
             | This means they are deleting around half a percent of their
             | users every single day. That seems like a lot to be
             | identifying to me, but doesn't really determine if they are
             | deleting enough or not but does show me that being higher
             | than 5% is very possible when you have to delete that many
             | accounts every 10 days.
        
               | freemint wrote:
               | Why do you think Twitter list accounts it knows to be
               | bots as mDAU? Those are very different categories.
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | There aren't claiming fraud, there are claiming breach of
           | contract. Including, among other things, by failing to
           | maintain operations in the regular course of business because
           | of, I kid you not, _allowing some senior officials to
           | resign_.
           | 
           | (It's true some of the many other things that are claimed to
           | be breaches relate to alleged failure to fulfill obligations
           | to provide information that Musk supposedly wanted to
           | determine if other claims that has been made were fraudulent,
           | but that's different than alleging fraud.)
        
             | that_guy_iain wrote:
             | It says in the first paragraph about making misleading
             | representations. That is lawyer talk for lying. Lying in
             | this context is fraud.
             | 
             | Secondly, the ceo was firing aka asking for resignations
             | from key people, no? That is not maintaining the business,
             | that seems like sabotage.
        
               | epgui wrote:
               | Misrepresentation is a necessary but insufficient
               | component for a finding of fraud.
        
               | that_guy_iain wrote:
               | That's why there not outright claiming fraud just lying.
               | That way they avoid illegal issues but if they were to
               | seek damages it would be a fraud case.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | They aren't claiming lying either.
               | 
               | They are claiming breach of contract, and that it _looks
               | to them_ like lying which, if it did happen, might be
               | fraud, but they can 't tell, in part because part of the
               | alleged breaches is Twitter not giving them information
               | that might clarify whether the other claims were true or
               | not.
        
               | encryptluks2 wrote:
               | Musk's lawyers are too scared to point out what they are
               | lying about though and where they got that information
               | cause if they did point it out it would destroy Musk's
               | allegations.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > Musk's lawyers are too scared to point out what they
               | are lying about though and where they got that
               | information
               | 
               | Their central allegation is _that they didn 't get the
               | information_ because of Twitter's refusal to uphold their
               | obligations.
        
               | epgui wrote:
               | It's not about being scared so much as it is about
               | professionalism.
               | 
               | Accusing someone of lying is in effect an accusation of
               | bad faith. An accusation of bad faith is a serious
               | matter, and if you play too freely with it, then you're
               | engaging in bad faith yourself. [1]
               | 
               | The concept of misrepresentation is in a grey area that
               | may or may not have a component of bad faith (see for
               | example the concept of "fraudulent concealment" in courts
               | of equity,[2] the test for which includes a finding of
               | misrepresentation, and note that "fraud" in equity is,
               | confusingly, not at all the same concept as common law
               | fraud), so it's a much more intelligent accusation to
               | make in court unless you have highly probative evidence.
               | [3]
               | 
               | [1] Clean hands doctrine:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean_hands
               | 
               | [2] Equity: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equity_(law)
               | 
               | [3] IANAL
        
               | encryptluks2 wrote:
               | There is nothing professional about what Musk has done.
               | That is like saying Bernie Madoff was just being
               | professional.
        
               | epgui wrote:
               | I'm talking about the lawyers, not Musk.
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | The reps are in the merger agreement, ie a contract.
               | 
               | There is a covenant in the contract about running the
               | business between signing and closing.
               | 
               | The claim is breach of contract.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | Lawyer-talk for fraud is "fraud".
        
               | that_guy_iain wrote:
               | Not sure what your point is. I said misrepresentations is
               | lawyer talk for lying...
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | And "appears to have" is lawyer talk for "we don't know
               | that this occurred and can't prove it and absolutely want
               | to make clear that we will not be accountable for
               | claiming it actually happened."
        
               | that_guy_iain wrote:
               | It's lawyer talk for "We think it happened but we want
               | wriggle room"
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | It's also lawyer talk for "we'd like the recipient/reader
               | of the document to think it happened, but we don't want
               | accountability, e.g., in the case of a document intended
               | to be made public, for defamation."
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | You said "in this context lying is fraud", and that's not
               | the case, which is why lawyer talk for "fraud" is
               | "fraud", not "lying".
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > It says in the first paragraph about making misleading
               | representations.
               | 
               | It says that after, and modified by, the phrase "appears
               | to have".
               | 
               | Musk's lawyers are saying that Twitter _actually_
               | breached the agreement. They are saying it _looks like_
               | Twitter may have done other bad things, too, but that 's
               | not the same as claiming that Twitter actually did the
               | other things.
               | 
               | > Secondly, the ceo was firing aka asking for
               | resignations from key people, no?
               | 
               | The separately call out people being forced out and
               | people resigning. Absent something not in the letter, the
               | former is a much more reasonable, on its face, complaint.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | Covzire wrote:
         | Musk himself has addressed this, saying that the waiver is null
         | and void if the data supplied to the SEC by Twitter is
         | fraudulent. I can only assume he believes that is the case.
         | 
         | >>First, although Twitter has consistently represented in
         | securities filings that "fewer than 5%" of its mDAU are false
         | or spam accounts, based on the information provided by Twitter
         | to date, it appears that Twitter is dramatically understating
         | the proportion of spam and false accounts represented in its
         | mDAU count. Preliminary analysis by Mr. Musk's advisors of the
         | information provided by Twitter to date causes Mr. Musk to
         | strongly believe that the proportion of false and spam accounts
         | included in the reported mDAU count is wildly higher than 5%.
        
           | camjohnson26 wrote:
           | Musk has released nothing that would indicate that the
           | numbers are fraudulent.
        
             | Covzire wrote:
             | Read the SEC filing?
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | bare assertions by elon on a matter touching his pride
               | seem more likely to indicate the opposite is in fact true
               | 
               | e.g. elon calling some dude who wounded his pride on
               | twitter, a "pedo"
        
               | bindle8932 wrote:
               | They have to be not only fraudulent but fraudulent to the
               | point of having a "materially adverse effect" on the
               | value of the company. Delaware courts rarely (almost
               | never) find this to be the case.
        
               | camjohnson26 wrote:
               | I read it, it contains no data, none. But I think you
               | know that and are purposely deflecting.
        
               | FireBeyond wrote:
               | "it appears that" = "we have no demonstrable data, but
               | we'd like this to be true, but we're not making a
               | material claim".
        
           | tsimionescu wrote:
           | > the waiver is null and void if the data supplied to the SEC
           | by Twitter is fraudulent.
           | 
           | Look at said SEC filing. It is worded in a way that is
           | impossible to prove fraudulent with the kind of data Musk
           | asked for. He could have proof positive that he is the only
           | human account on Twitter and the Twitter SEC filing would
           | likely not be construed as lying - it very explicitly states
           | that it is a judgment call by the Twitter execs, based on
           | some internal methodology, and that the real number could be
           | higher.
           | 
           | The only way you could prove they lied to the SEC would be if
           | you found emails that say something along the lines of "to
           | the best of our knowledge, 20% of mDAUs are actually
           | bots/spammers, but let's say 5% in our SEC filing".
        
             | danielmarkbruce wrote:
             | exactly
        
         | mzs wrote:
         | >i know i am screaming into a well here but a very bad thing is
         | people going around saying that elon musk "waived due
         | diligence" and so can't bring up the bots thing.
         | 
         | ...
         | 
         | >the reason that elon musk can't get out of the deal over the
         | bots thing is not that he "waived due diligence." it's that he
         | SIGNED A BINDING AGREEMENT TO BUY TWITTER, and that agreement
         | does not have any outs for "i think there are too many bots."
         | 
         | - Matt Levine esq of Bloomberg
         | 
         | https://twitter.com/matt_levine/status/1545152302142689281
        
         | bryananderson wrote:
         | As Matt Levine explained [0] the "waiving due diligence"
         | doesn't really mean anything now. What does mean something is
         | that he signed a binding agreement to buy Twitter, giving
         | Twitter the right to compel him to close the deal, and there's
         | no "too many bots" exception, nor a "you were wrong (or even
         | lied) about something you said" exception. He has to prove that
         | it's a "material adverse effect" which I understand is nearly
         | impossible (he'd have to convince a Delaware judge that the
         | company is worth at least 40% less than stated because of this,
         | and in practice it seems these suits almost never succeed).
         | 
         | [0] https://twitter.com/matt_levine/status/1545151445057536001
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | I absolutely love that fact that this tweet happy individual
           | might actually get slapped for just tossing out tweets. Not
           | sure if $1B would make him squirm or not, but even for
           | billionaires, $1B is an expensive twitter rant.
        
             | swores wrote:
             | If he gets punished it won't be for "just tossing out
             | tweets" it will be for negotiating and signing a legally
             | binding contract and then breaking it.
             | 
             | It would be possible to enter into a contract through
             | tweets alone. That didn't remotely happen here, though.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | But he only signed that agreement because his ego
               | wouldn't let him back away from those tweets
        
             | tsimionescu wrote:
             | Note that Musk stands to spend $44B, not $1B.
        
               | deelowe wrote:
               | He currently owes twitter 44B, but actual damages would
               | be 44B minus the FMV, so closer to like 10-20.
        
               | roflyear wrote:
               | Where are you guys getting this number from? Similar
               | cases have settled for almost the full original amount.
               | Like 95%+. Not half or less than half. Are you just
               | making stuff up?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | It's the internet. Just say it with enough conviction,
               | and others will buy it. Continue to say it, and everyone
               | will buy it.
               | 
               | Er, not just the internet now
        
               | cookingrobot wrote:
               | They're saying that if everyone just did what they agreed
               | to do: - Musk would give Twitter shareholders $44B in
               | cash, - Twitter shareholders would give Musk ownership of
               | the company.
               | 
               | Note that today, Twitter is worth $28B. So the agreed
               | deal essentially gives the shareholders $16B in profit.
               | 
               | So a judge might tell Musk he can't back out and has to
               | buy Twitter for $44B like he said he would. Or it might
               | let him just give the shareholders $16B and not get the
               | company.
        
               | roflyear wrote:
               | When has the second instance ever happened and what's the
               | mechanism for that? Every shareholder gets a check?
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | I won't speculate on what the damages might be in a
               | trial, but yes, he owes them $44B but they owe him the
               | whole company after he pays.
        
           | somenewaccount1 wrote:
           | idk. the fact that the price had already sunk nearly 40% from
           | his price over this period could clearly indicate that his
           | assumption isn't without merit.
        
             | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
             | maybe if he can prove that his bot claims, and claims about
             | twitter's willful fraud, are both true, and the reason
             | everybody sold
        
             | quickthrowman wrote:
             | If the share price is lower than $54.20, it's because the
             | market doesn't believe the sale will be completed. The
             | difference between $54.20 and the current share price
             | represents the probability of the transaction falling
             | through.
             | 
             | Twitter has done nothing to impede the transaction, so any
             | uncertainty (and thus decline in TWTR share price below
             | $54.20) is due to the actions of the buyer, who is... Elon
             | Musk.
             | 
             | Therefore, Elon is responsible for any decline in the share
             | price since the purchase agreement was signed.
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | Only if you don't bother to take a look at the rest of the
             | market.
        
             | donarb wrote:
             | But for Musk's machinations, said stock price would not be
             | down 40%. He caused the stock to drop.
        
               | CogitoCogito wrote:
               | I guess if public investors 100% believed Musk would pay,
               | the stock should sit at $44 billion. I guess if Musk is
               | forced to close or to pay equivalent damages, the value
               | will jump back to that in the end.
        
               | jimmydorry wrote:
               | I'd say the tech sector getting routed played a bigger
               | part. It's not like Twitter dropping 40% (for any reason)
               | is exceptional amonst all the other stocks that dropped
               | 20-60% over the last year.
        
         | carvking wrote:
         | I don't know how the legal system works, but his argument
         | sounds valid to me.
         | 
         | "My offer was based on Twitter's SEC filings being accurate,"
         | 
         | Willfully filing fraudulent SEC filing is a crime - and if
         | Twitter has been engaging in criminal behavior to artificially
         | increase their value - I would think Musk has a good case.
        
           | CogitoCogito wrote:
           | > Willfully filing fraudulent SEC filing is a crime - and if
           | Twitter has been engaging in criminal behavior to
           | artificially increase their value - I would think Musk has a
           | good case.
           | 
           | Ignoring whether this is a legitimate reason to back out of
           | the agreement, Musk hasn't shown that Twitter has been filing
           | fraudulent SEC filings so what does it matter anyway?
        
             | jfoster wrote:
             | It matters because that will probably be one of the
             | deciding factors should this eventually be assessed in
             | court.
        
               | CogitoCogito wrote:
               | > It matters because that will probably be one of the
               | deciding factors should this eventually be assessed in
               | court.
               | 
               | Musk has _not_ provided any evidence of fraud. I'll wait
               | until he actually does before speculating as to how
               | decisive it will be in any future court proceedings.
        
               | jfoster wrote:
               | None of that changes that it does seem to be the key
               | criteria that the outcome of case will depend upon.
        
               | CogitoCogito wrote:
               | If that truly is key criteria, then I hope Musk actually
               | has some evidence for his claims for his sake.
        
         | smcl wrote:
         | The due-diligence-waive thing isn't really relevant according
         | to Matt Levine, who has been pretty consistent about this for
         | months (see the thread @
         | https://twitter.com/matt_levine/status/1545151445057536001). A
         | couple of choice tweets here:
         | 
         | """ the reason that elon musk can't get out of the deal over
         | the bots thing is not that he "waived due diligence." it's that
         | he SIGNED A BINDING AGREEMENT TO BUY TWITTER, and that
         | agreement does not have any outs for "i think there are too
         | many bots. """
         | 
         | ... and ...
         | 
         | """ yes i know that this is a small petty thing. but part of my
         | point is that even if he had demanded extensive due diligence,
         | and done it, and then signed the agreement, we'd be in the same
         | place. the waiver or not of due diligence doesn't matter; what
         | matters is we're past that. """
        
           | deelowe wrote:
           | DD would matter in the context that Musk was acting on bad
           | information. But there was no DD AND he wasn't acting on bad
           | information, so it's all moot.
        
         | camjohnson26 wrote:
         | Matt Levine has a take down of the supposed bot problem.
         | Basically Elon not only waved due diligence, he signed a
         | binding agreement to buy Twitter, and the bot talk is
         | irrelevant. Even if there's a problem, Musk should have
         | addressed it before signing an agreement to buy the company.
         | 
         | https://twitter.com/matt_levine/status/1545151445057536001?s...
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | The letter doesn't cite the bot problem directly, but instead
           | Twitter allegedly failing to live up to it's obligation to
           | give Musk info, which he wanted regarding the bot problem.
           | (And a bunch of other alleged breaches.)
        
           | tick_tock_tick wrote:
           | The agreement have a massive out; yes it doesn't matter what
           | Elon thinks about the bots but if his financier think bots
           | are an issue he gets an out since Twitter for some reason let
           | a financing clause in.
        
             | CogitoCogito wrote:
             | You mean Musk agreed to buy Twitter contingent on financing
             | and now is trying to torpedo his own financing after he
             | himself agreed to the sale? There's a lot of talk of fraud
             | in the comments here, but to me _that_ sounds like fraud on
             | Musk's part.
             | 
             | In any case, I guess we'll have to see if Musk's financing
             | really gets pulled and if that really means Musk is off the
             | hook.
        
               | tick_tock_tick wrote:
               | He doesn't have to torpedo anything just make enough
               | noise that they get cold feet.
        
               | CogitoCogito wrote:
               | > He doesn't have to torpedo anything just make enough
               | noise that they get cold feet.
               | 
               | That falls under my personal definition of "torpedo".
        
           | wollsmoth wrote:
           | Can twitter agree to release him from the agreement? For a
           | fee? I know he has a $1B penalty but I didn't think that
           | covered this current situation. Perhaps Twitter would be
           | willing to forget the whole thing for $1.5B
        
             | TheCoelacanth wrote:
             | Yes, but they could potentially get sued by their own
             | shareholders if they let him off too easily.
        
               | pasttense01 wrote:
               | And note Musk did a great deal of damage to the company.
               | On hearing that he wanted to change the character of the
               | company; that he was going to lay off a huge number of
               | people; that he was going to make existing employees work
               | much harder... many of the best and brightest left.
        
               | kbelder wrote:
               | >many of the best and brightest left.
               | 
               | Well... a number of employees left.
        
           | inerte wrote:
           | Reading Matt I realized there's another layer, which is Musk
           | has complained about the bot problem for a while - heck, one
           | could argue that he bought Twitter not only fully knowing
           | (according to him) it has a bot problem, but he intended to
           | _fix_ the problem.
        
           | collegeburner wrote:
           | Tbh i haven't read the agreement and i'm not going to but
           | representations and warranties is generally grounds to
           | terminate.
        
             | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
             | afaik there are no material representations or warranties
             | made by twitter which elon has proven false
        
           | sureglymop wrote:
           | Read this a few weeks ago when the newsletter arrived. Money
           | Stuff by Matt Levine is very worth subscribing to!
        
       | MichaelMoser123 wrote:
       | Musk would have been a political player, as the owner of twitter.
       | That could have gotten him into a fight with the wrong people,
       | and could have hurt his business.
       | 
       | I mean AWS didn't get the big pentagon contract, under the
       | previous US president. Mr. Besos was very upset about this. Now
       | Musk is much more exposed to that kind of thing, as SpaceX is a
       | major Nasa contractor.
       | 
       | There must be some politics here, if you consider the amount of
       | tax money being involved. Now the politics of Mr. Musk doesn't
       | quite align with that of the president, and we saw some spats
       | between them in the past. I would argue that this would have a
       | potential for escalation and would have much more weight than the
       | bot issue on twitter.
       | 
       | 'Biden wishes Elon Musk "lots of luck" on moon trip' - could be
       | read as a kind of veiled threat.
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=igSyBMYus5A
       | 
       | MSNBC says that Musk and Biden are in a kind of fight now
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fgj2jfmPfRE
        
         | MichaelMoser123 wrote:
         | wow, once upon a time you could have a discussion here on any
         | topic, hope that feature is not disappearing....
        
           | AussieWog93 wrote:
           | You were downvoted because your comment about the veiled
           | threat from Biden is a pretty crazy conspiracy theory.
        
             | MichaelMoser123 wrote:
             | yeah, ownership of the biggest public platform that is
             | frequented by the elite has nothing to do with politics. I
             | think that such a notion is pretty crazy.
        
       | pclmulqdq wrote:
       | I'm ready for the fireworks. Odds are he will be forced to go
       | through with it, but he will negotiate a lower price.
       | 
       | Edit: This is over the mDAU thing still? It's been explained to
       | him very slowly that all the bots that post tweets all day are
       | often not seeing ads, right? That the "monetizable" is a key part
       | of that phrase?
        
         | zimpenfish wrote:
         | > but he will negotiate a lower price
         | 
         | How? As best I understand things, he has zero wiggle room - he
         | either buys Twitter for the agreed price or he stumps up the
         | $1B termination fee.
         | 
         | And if Twitter's board did go mad and decide to negotiate a
         | lower price, their shareholders would almost certainly block it
         | and/or sue the board, no?
        
           | streetcat1 wrote:
           | I do not think that he can pay the termination fee. I.e. the
           | termination fee itself has rules. Otherwise, he would have
           | payed it (the fee is equal to the daily move of his TESLA
           | shares).
        
           | cbtacy wrote:
           | Pretty much. I think it's more likely he's trying to set
           | things up to make the claim that Twitter wasn't co-operative
           | and forthcoming with the information and then try to reduce
           | the break fee in court.
        
             | epberry wrote:
             | Agree. And likewise it seems Twitter is going to court to
             | collect the breakup fee rather than complete the deal.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Twitter's Chairman disagrees:
               | 
               | https://twitter.com/btaylor/status/1545526087089696768
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | They'd be nuts to do so.
        
           | adgjlsfhk1 wrote:
           | A 1B termination fee is relatively small given that Twitter's
           | market cap is down 10B since the beginning of April.
        
             | tptacek wrote:
             | Which is why Twitter has the right to force execution, not
             | just claim the break-up fee.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Exactly, this is the point that seems to be missed over
               | and over again: you can't back out of a deal that you've
               | inked because you regret it.
        
           | Johnny555 wrote:
           | _he stumps up the $1B termination fee_
           | 
           | I don't think that's even an option -- that $1B breakup fee
           | was just if the deal was not allowed to go through due to
           | reasons outside of his control (like if it was blocked due to
           | regulatory reasons). Otherwise, I think he's legally
           | obligated to go through with it -- and Twitter's board has
           | fiduciary responsibility to hold him to it.
        
           | ozim wrote:
           | No because he bid above twitter current stock valuation so he
           | can still go down and people might not be happy but they will
           | not be able to sue anyone.
        
             | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
             | if he goes down, that represents a material loss to
             | shareholders compared to the price he is contractually
             | obligated to pay
             | 
             | so, all the same, I think the shareholders will just take
             | his original offer and elon can reflect on his impulsivity
             | (a joke; he won't)
        
           | tick_tock_tick wrote:
           | He has tons of wiggle room. Mostly in this will takes years
           | to resolve, Twitter will be forced to disclose nearly every
           | internal document that will 100% have some email or chat of
           | employees stating, if only as hyperbole, that the bot rate
           | they report to the public is bullshit.
        
             | tptacek wrote:
             | That will get him nowhere in the trial, because incorrect
             | information is only a valid reason to break off the deal if
             | it uncovers a material adverse effect, and it is virtually
             | impossible to get Delaware courts to find an MAE. Matt
             | Levine's shorthand for Delaware MAE is "40% decrease in
             | profitability". Not stock price; a 40% decrease in the
             | fundamentals. It's not happening.
        
             | KerrAvon wrote:
             | Stipulate for the sake of argument that courts will accept
             | the bot argument -- don't you think discovery would be
             | problematic for Elon?
             | 
             | https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2022-04-12/musk-is-
             | of...
        
         | minimaxir wrote:
         | His team apparently had a tough time verifying the data due to
         | API rate limits.
         | 
         | > While Twitter has provided some information, that information
         | has come with strings attached, use limitations or other
         | artificial formatting features, which has rendered some of the
         | information minimally useful to Mr. Musk and his advisors. For
         | example, when Twitter finally provided access to the eight
         | developer "APIs" first explicitly requested by Mr. Musk in the
         | May 25 Letter, those APIs contained a rate limit lower than
         | what Twitter provides to its largest enterprise customers.
         | Twitter only offered to provide Mr. Musk with the same level of
         | access as some of its customers after we explained that
         | throttling the rate limit prevented Mr. Musk and his advisors
         | from performing the analysis that he wished to conduct in any
         | reasonable period of time.
         | 
         | > Additionally, those APIs contained an artificial "cap" on the
         | number of queries that Mr. Musk and his team can run regardless
         | of the rate limit--an issue that initially prevented Mr. Musk
         | and his advisors from completing an analysis of the data in any
         | reasonable period of time. Mr. Musk raised this issue as soon
         | as he became aware of it, in the first paragraph of the June 29
         | Letter: "we have just been informed by our data experts that
         | Twitter has placed an artificial cap on the number of searches
         | our experts can perform with this data, which is now preventing
         | Mr. Musk and his team from doing their analysis." That cap was
         | not removed until July 6, after Mr. Musk demanded its removal
         | for a second time.
        
           | fooey wrote:
           | the contract says they can't make any demands that have
           | materially adverse effect on the company
           | 
           | if he was hitting up against rate limits, it's easy for
           | Twitter to call his requests adverse
        
             | erichocean wrote:
             | They gave higher rate limits to existing enterprise
             | customers.
             | 
             | Pretty hard to argue that is was "adverse" in that case.
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | he had access to the Firehose, which streams all the
               | data, so his complaints about the other API ring false
               | (which they removed the limits on anyways, according to
               | elon -- but again, the API was a subset of the Firehose
               | access he already had)
               | 
               | it seems more likely that he was upset that he had access
               | to all of Twitter's data via the Firehose, but being
               | impulsive and incompetent in the field of bot detection
               | (having had zero experience), he has absolutely no way to
               | produce a trustworthy report on bots which contradicts
               | Twitter's report
               | 
               | so, he's just complaining about limits he used to have on
               | an API he doesn't need to avoid producing a report he
               | can't produce that requires expertise he doesn't have
        
             | richwater wrote:
             | APIs aren't the only way to deliver data
        
             | mft_ wrote:
             | How would it be adverse? Are you suggesting his data
             | scientists are querying the API so much that they are
             | DDoSing Twitter?
        
           | outside1234 wrote:
           | They had firehose access - there was no limiting
        
           | ben_jones wrote:
           | A lot of these rate limits would have been designed off the
           | rubble of the Cambridge Analytica scandals, and would've been
           | designed to prevent a lot of analysis.
           | 
           | I still find it dubious that they couldn't long poll
           | sufficient samples. I'd love to see the raw feedback of
           | Musk's "Data Experts" versus whatever awful telephone game it
           | became through several layers of Executives and Lawyers. I
           | wonder if Musk just has a nepotistic data team next to him.
        
           | whimsicalism wrote:
           | > when Twitter finally provided access to the eight developer
           | "APIs" first explicitly requested by Mr. Musk in the May 25
           | Letter, those APIs contained a rate limit lower than what
           | Twitter provides to its largest enterprise customers. Twitter
           | only offered to provide Mr. Musk with the same level of
           | access as some of its customers after we explained that
           | throttling the rate limit prevented Mr. Musk and his advisors
           | from performing the analysis that he wished to conduct
           | 
           | So... they asked for an API, were provided with it, wanted an
           | API with higher caps, and were provided with it. Their
           | problem is that Twitter didn't properly anticipate the need?
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | If this goes to the courts then the only two options are he
         | gets to back out entirely or he pays the originally agreed
         | price. There's a chance of a settlement where Twitter agrees to
         | sell for significantly less than that, but (1) there's zero
         | incentive for them to do so and (2) they will definitely not
         | get shareholder approval for that.
         | 
         | One thing for sure though is that a lot of lawyers are about to
         | make a lot of money.
        
           | mikkergp wrote:
           | > a lot of lawyers are about to make a lot of money.
           | 
           | The one thing written in this thread that I am 100% confident
           | is true.
        
       | justinzollars wrote:
       | The Hacker News community has really turned into an angry mob
       | over the years! Wow. So much Elon Hate - he made the Electric
       | Car, He makes Rockets. Give the dude a break. I know its hard to
       | live up to your personal standard of Piety/Orthodoxy - but
       | realize some people are producing things.
       | 
       | This is an example of a recent Trend:
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/search?q=%22Jared%20Kushner%22&src=trend...
       | 
       | Click on the top 10 accounts. None are real people. Likely CCP
       | Army, or Russian trolls, bots of some type - but certainly not
       | users who should be counted as mDAUs.
        
         | jungle2jungle wrote:
         | Quick, call Elon's lawyers! You have incontrovertible proof!
        
           | justinzollars wrote:
           | Proof? Legal Discovery will force the burden of proof on
           | Twitter.
        
       | petilon wrote:
       | This is good for Twitter, and good for the world. Musk's
       | misguided approach to free speech, which says anything that is
       | not explicitly illegal is allowed, would have made Twitter an
       | open forum for spreading lies and hate.
       | 
       | My guess is Musk never intended to buy Twitter. He needed an
       | excuse for dumping billions of dollars' worth of TSLA at its peak
       | (while at the same time faulting Bill Gates for shorting TSLA),
       | and his proposal to buy Twitter provided a convenient cover.
        
         | rappatic wrote:
         | > Musk's misguided approach to free speech, which says anything
         | that is not explicitly illegal is allowed
         | 
         | That's what free speech _is_ , whether or not you agree that
         | such a policy of unrestricted free speech is constructive or
         | beneficial.
        
           | petilon wrote:
           | Disagree, there is no _absolute_ freedom of speech, for
           | example you can 't yell "fire" in a crowded theater.
           | 
           | Also disagree that such unrestricted free speech is
           | constructive or beneficial. Sacha Baron Cohen explains it
           | best: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ymaWq5yZIYM
        
             | filoleg wrote:
             | > You can't yell "fire" in a crowded theater.
             | 
             | I am so tired of seeing this overplayed urban myth. The
             | precedent you mention was set by Schenck v. United States
             | in 1919, but it was partially overturned later in
             | Brandenburg v. Ohio in 1969 [0]. Which is the part that
             | people who bring up this myth every time conveniently
             | forget about.
             | 
             | So no, you can yell "fire" in a crowded theater or whatever
             | else you want, as long as it doesn't meet the legal
             | standard for imminent lawless action (e.g., a riot). And
             | the legal standard for imminent lawless action is much
             | higher than you think it is.
             | 
             | 0. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shouting_fire_in_a_crowded
             | _the...
        
               | petilon wrote:
               | > _as long as it doesn 't meet the legal standard for
               | imminent lawless action_
               | 
               | So there is no absolute free speech then. Which is the
               | point of bringing up the "fire" example.
               | 
               | If you're a visitor in my house there is no free speech
               | at all. If you say something I don't like I'll legally
               | kick you out. Private companies such as Twitter and
               | Facebook have the same right. Their platform, their
               | rules.
        
               | filoleg wrote:
               | If someone is a visitor in your house, you can kick them
               | out for literally any reason you want or no reason at
               | all.
               | 
               | No idea how this is relevant to your claim that "yelling
               | fire in a crowded theater isn't allowed under free
               | speech". It is legally allowed under free speech, it
               | isn't a crime, despite what a lot of people claim. The
               | theater might kick you out or ban you, but that has
               | nothing to do with free speech.
        
               | hypersoar wrote:
               | The other part of the myth people forget is that the
               | metaphorical fire-yellers were socialists distributing
               | anti-draft pamphlets. It's hardly a good thing to cite
               | today on freedom of speech.
        
         | h2odragon wrote:
         | > Musk's misguided approach to free speech, which says anything
         | that is not explicitly illegal is allowed, would have made
         | Twitter an open forum for spreading lies and hate.
         | 
         | Twitter is of course currently known as a source of Truth and
         | Harmony.
         | 
         | "anything not illegal is allowed" sounds decent to me; if you
         | want stuff illegal, make it illegal. If you want unwritten laws
         | dreamt up by anonymous elites and enforced for random reason,
         | go talk to Tipper Gore and the PMRC.
        
           | anigbrowl wrote:
           | _" anything not illegal is allowed" sounds decent to me_
           | 
           | And there are numerous forums where that standard is applied;
           | Twitter just happens not to be one of them because they like
           | money.
        
           | tzs wrote:
           | Have you spent much time on "anything not illegal is allowed"
           | forums?
           | 
           | Try to talk about popular movies are TV shows and you get
           | things like this on such sites [1]. Want to discuss an
           | episode of PBS Space Time such as this one [2]. Don't be
           | surprised if this is the discussion you get [3].
           | 
           | What almost always happens on such forums is that the people
           | there who aren't racists, sexists, antisemites, inane
           | conspiracy theorists etc., leave, and the forum ends up being
           | largely just such people.
           | 
           | [1] https://web.archive.org/web/20201225021055/https://voat.c
           | o/v...
           | 
           | [2] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RlXdsyctD50
           | 
           | [3] https://web.archive.org/web/20201223123156/https://voat.c
           | o/v...
        
             | redox99 wrote:
             | I unironically think that 4chan is better twitter,
             | especially the smaller boards.
        
             | joshgroban wrote:
             | all white men are racist, sexist and antisemitic. That's
             | patriarchy and systemic racism. You are looking for a
             | platform without white men.
        
           | joshuamorton wrote:
           | So when you say anything not illegal is allowed, do you mean
           | that I can post porn anywhere? That spammers and bots can't
           | be banned?
           | 
           | Any remotely reasonable approach here has the state deciding
           | which attributes can be used for moderation decision and
           | which can't, which also isn't feasible.
        
             | redox99 wrote:
             | > So when you say anything not illegal is allowed, do you
             | mean that I can post porn anywhere?
             | 
             | Can't you already do this on Twitter? You just need to mark
             | it as sensitive.
             | 
             | > That spammers and bots can't be banned?
             | 
             | It would be like 4chan I assume, spam/bots are banned.
        
           | plokiju wrote:
           | That includes spam though
        
             | oska wrote:
             | And he had another strategy for dealing with spam
             | (verification of accounts). So I don't see your point.
        
           | MallocVoidstar wrote:
           | >"anything not illegal is allowed" sounds decent to me; if
           | you want stuff illegal, make it illegal.
           | 
           | Twitter is based in the US, the 1st Amendment protects hate
           | speech such as explicit support for genocide. I don't
           | consider a social network full of genocide promotion to be a
           | good thing.
        
             | petilon wrote:
             | Nope, 1st Amendment only means the _government_ can 't
             | restrict your speech. Private companies can.
        
               | jcranmer wrote:
               | The argument GP is making is that if the government can't
               | make it illegal, private companies shouldn't disallow it;
               | the person you're replying to is pointing out that the
               | First Amendment sets that bar far higher than GP probably
               | realized.
        
               | rabite wrote:
               | This is not historically the reality of 1a jurisprudence.
               | Before the Internet, the ruling was that private
               | companies cannot restrict your speech in public view. See
               | Marsh v. Alabama for this -- a company town was
               | prohibited from barring picketing and pamphleting on
               | private sidewalks.
               | 
               | The exceptions to this were carved out in a court case
               | regarding Compuserve, which was a subscription-only
               | service. The stare decisis in this instance is on far
               | shakier ground than Roe was.
        
               | joshuamorton wrote:
               | You have to register to use twitter. Marsh v Alabama had
               | nothing to do with compuserve. That would matter if a
               | website was _truly_ a de facto public square, but given
               | the whole registration thing, they 're not.
               | 
               | The compuserve case led to section 230 of the CDA being
               | created, but again that doesn't have to do with Marsh v
               | Alabama. To have that apply, you'd need to make the
               | argument that Twitter both is, and _intends_ to be a
               | public square, and well, the fact that they have posted
               | moderation policies makes it clear that they don 't.
        
               | rabite wrote:
               | Marsh was not the public square. It was the sidewalks of
               | random streets. The company that owned them explicitly
               | did not intend for them to be a public square.
               | 
               | In contrast, the historical statements of Twitter make it
               | very clear that they intended to be the public square,
               | e.g. "free speech wing of the free speech party."
               | Additionally, the assertions and decisions of the state
               | in regards to social media indicate massive influence
               | over politics that far exceeds any city street. They say
               | people are denied their rights of free expression because
               | Trump blocked them on Twitter, and that Russia
               | successfully manipulated our elections because a few
               | Russians bought a tiny amount of Facebook ads.
        
               | joshuamorton wrote:
               | > It was the sidewalks of random streets. The company
               | that owned them explicitly did not intend for them to be
               | a public square.
               | 
               | Sidewalks of random streets are considered to be "the
               | public square" in US law (broadly because random streets
               | are usually publicly owned. You need things like gates
               | and signs and such to revoke such an assumption). The
               | Marsh v. Alabama ruling relied on the fact that the town
               | didn't try to make its streets un-square like, and in
               | fact encouraged public square-like use!
               | 
               | Notable here is
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lloyd_Corp._v._Tanner,
               | which in the case of a private entity that isn't
               | literally acting like a municipality, they can kick you
               | out!
               | 
               | > In contrast, the historical statements of Twitter make
               | it very clear that they intended to be the public square,
               | e.g. "free speech wing of the free speech party."
               | 
               | You will be hard pressed to take a single statement, made
               | by a minor executive who acts _outside of US
               | jurisdiction_ , in 2012, as superior to the actual user
               | agreements that Twitter has (and had at the time) in the
               | US.
        
         | mft_ wrote:
         | > Musk's misguided approach to free speech, which says anything
         | that is not explicitly illegal is allowed
         | 
         | Genuinely interested, and not just trying to argue: how _would_
         | you otherwise define free speech? It sounds like you think free
         | speech should have defined limits - which surely means it 's
         | not free speech any more?
        
           | petilon wrote:
           | I am going to let Sacha Baron Cohen, of all people, answer
           | your question [1]:
           | 
           |  _Voltaire was right when he said "Those who can make you
           | believe absurdities can make you commit atrocities." And
           | social media lets authoritarians push absurdities to millions
           | of people. President Trump using Twitter has spread
           | conspiracy theories more than 1700 times to his 67 million
           | followers._
           | 
           |  _Freedom of speech is not freedom of reach. Sadly There will
           | always be racists, misogynists, anti-Semites, and child
           | abusers. We should not be giving bigots and pedophiles a free
           | platform to amplify their views and target their victims._
           | 
           |  _Zuckerberg says people should decide what 's credible, not
           | tech companies. When 2/3rds of millennials have not heard of
           | Auschwitz how are they supposed to know what's true? There is
           | such a thing as objective truth. Facts do exist._
           | 
           | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ymaWq5yZIYM
        
             | mft_ wrote:
             | Unless I'm misunderstanding the quote, that's very much not
             | answering my question: it discusses limiting _reach_ (i.e.
             | ability to disseminate one 's views widely and easily) and
             | explicitly not free _speech_ itself?
        
               | petilon wrote:
               | Free speech doesn't have a single meaning. Freedom is
               | relative. There is no right to _absolute_ free speech
               | anywhere. For example, you can 't yell "fire" in a
               | crowded theater. On social media owned by private
               | corporations, "fire" isn't the only thing you aren't
               | allowed to yell. Subverting democracy, inciting violence,
               | propaganda from foreign governments pretending to be
               | grassroots movement inside the US, etc., are all banned,
               | and yet I would consider Twitter a free platform, albeit
               | with sensible limits. But you're right, that's not
               | _absolute freedom_.
        
               | hey2022 wrote:
               | How can you separate speech and reach in this specific
               | case? Twitter could allow all speech but limit reach, ie
               | shadow ban. Would that satisfy your notion of free
               | speech?
        
         | drexlspivey wrote:
         | Why does he need a cover to sell his stock? He sold $10B+ last
         | year without the twitter excuse. Also TSLA stock in March was
         | at least 40% below it's peak
        
           | petilon wrote:
           | > _Why does he need a cover to sell his stock?_
           | 
           | Wouldn't he look to be a hypocrite otherwise? [1]
           | 
           | [1] https://nypost.com/2022/05/31/elon-musk-calls-out-bill-
           | gates...
        
             | drexlspivey wrote:
             | I don't see how, Gates is short TSLA and musk is the exact
             | opposite, the biggest TSLA shareholder in the world
        
               | petilon wrote:
               | So, you don't see a conflict if Musk criticizes Gates for
               | shorting TSLA (because Gates thinks it is overvalued) and
               | then turning around and selling billions of dollars'
               | worth of TSLA? I do. I think that qualifies has
               | hypocrisy.
        
               | drexlspivey wrote:
               | no it would be hypocrisy if he was short too but he is
               | massively long
        
               | petilon wrote:
               | Look at this story: https://www.wsj.com/articles/elon-
               | musk-sells-billions-of-dol...
               | 
               | The headline is: "Elon Musk Sells $8.5 Billion of Tesla
               | Shares After Deal to Buy Twitter"
               | 
               | The deal to buy Twitter gave Musk an excellent cover for
               | selling billions of dollars' worth of TSLA. He doesn't
               | need to sell all of TSLA. He sold a massive amount. If he
               | didn't have this cover it would have looked like he
               | thinks TSLA is overvalued (which in fact it is).
               | 
               | Both Gates and Musk sold TSLA. Gates sold borrowed
               | shares, Musk sold shares he owned. That's the only
               | difference. Of course Musk still has tons of TSLA
               | remaining. But that doesn't change the fact that both
               | Gates and Musk did the same thing (sell TSLA) and yet
               | Musk criticized Gates for it. What a hypocrite!
        
         | Hamuko wrote:
         | > _This is good for Twitter_
         | 
         | Well, especially with that billion dollar termination fee
         | (well, if they get it since Musk is probably gonna lawyer up
         | now).
        
         | tick_tock_tick wrote:
         | > Musk's misguided approach to free speech, which says anything
         | that is not explicitly illegal is allowed
         | 
         | What is free speech but that.....
         | 
         | > would have made Twitter an open forum for spreading lies and
         | hate.
         | 
         | Like it isn't now. Twitter lets pretty much anything and
         | everything except hate against specific subgroups they've
         | decided are "protected". It really doesn't help there choices
         | are entirely arbitrary with no internal consistency.
        
         | Banana699 wrote:
         | >spreading lies and hate
         | 
         | It's very funny how those things came to be known as code words
         | for the *true* offenses, which we all know very well.
         | 
         | What a waste of perfectly good words that used to have meaning.
        
         | kmlx wrote:
         | > This is good for Twitter
         | 
         | i think you are referring to twitter.com
         | 
         | imo this is pretty bad for twitter the company. they've been
         | flat for years, they're current valuation is less than in 2013.
         | they've lost the plot a while ago and seem to have been in a
         | managed decline, probably because they were looking for buyers.
         | 
         | > and good for the world
         | 
         | you are overestimating how many people care about twitter
         | outside of the US.
        
       | femiagbabiaka wrote:
       | > I have enormous respect for his engineering and business
       | skills, he's accomplished some remarkable things. But he doesn't
       | seem so great as a dealmaker. Perhaps he's badly advised, but
       | hey, he chose his advisors.
       | 
       | There's no evidence that he's a good engineer or a good
       | businessman, save if committing fraud or stealing the
       | accomplishments of others is in the list of things that qualifies
       | one of either. It's beyond time to start taking his actions
       | present and historical seriously instead of feeding into his cult
       | of ego.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | We detached this flamewar tangent from
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32028410.
         | 
         | Please see https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32039467.
        
         | gzer0 wrote:
         | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Elon-Musk
        
           | femiagbabiaka wrote:
           | > save if committing fraud or stealing the accomplishments of
           | others
        
         | rocqua wrote:
         | SpaceX is actually doing great things. Tesla was very
         | innovative 5 years ago.
         | 
         | These two, especially spaceX, are quite impressive.
        
           | taberiand wrote:
           | There's a reasonable argument that these great things are
           | despite Musk, not due to him.
        
             | edgyquant wrote:
             | Then please make it instead of hinting...
        
           | femiagbabiaka wrote:
           | Tesla is stolen and only saw success because of endless
           | amount of government subsidies and a tremendous amount of
           | fraud on Musk's part and SpaceX was a shitshow until he went
           | hands off.
        
             | dang wrote:
             | Comments like this break the site guidelines. If you
             | wouldn't mind reviewing
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html and taking
             | the intended spirit more to heart, we'd be grateful. We
             | want thoughtful, curious conversation here, not flamebait,
             | fulminating, or name-calling.
        
             | meatsauce wrote:
        
               | dang wrote:
               | We've banned this account for repeatedly breaking the
               | site guidelines and ignoring our requests to stop. That's
               | not cool.
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
         | meatsauce wrote:
        
           | femiagbabiaka wrote:
           | Who was the original owner of the Tesla brand? Where did the
           | idea for battery powered cars come from? How did Elon get
           | listed as an owner of PayPal? How did the folks who worked at
           | X.com feel about Elons leadership? What about after the
           | PayPal acquisition? What was the primary method of profit
           | generation for Tesla during the early days? How many years
           | has FSD been floated for exactly?
           | 
           | If asking these questions and judging based on the answers to
           | them is irrational, I'm happily irrational.
        
       | yodegge wrote:
       | Nobody should be forced to buy something they don't want to. >
       | BUT HE AGREED BEFORE! He changed his mind after Twitter didn't
       | provide the information they said they would. > BUT HE HAS TO BUY
       | IT NOW! No, he doesn't have to, people can revoke buying offers.
       | I'm afraid to ask your views on sexual consent.
        
         | EdSchouten wrote:
         | At the cost of a financial penalty.
         | 
         | Try buying a house, but changing your mind right before going
         | to a notary. At least here in the Netherlands congrats
         | typically state you'll have to pay 10%.
         | 
         | The agreement that Elon apparently had with Twitter included
         | similar clauses.
        
       | imwillofficial wrote:
       | Something tells me this ride isn't over yet...
        
       | WORMS_EAT_WORMS wrote:
       | The bigger story (if you can get past the juicy Elon-a-drama)...
       | is
       | 
       | Twitter stinks.
       | 
       | You can smell the <insert_elon_poop_emoji> in their ad program a
       | mile away and it's finally free game to call out.
       | 
       | I remember buying Facebook ads once and I got more likes than God
       | and not a single one of them seemed like they were "real". Maybe
       | they were "mDAU real" or whatever...
       | 
       | These company's are liars and have been ripping people, small and
       | big business off for years.
       | 
       | Google ads, search ads, Twitter, Facebook, Snap, TT, Reddit,
       | Yelp, etc... it's all stretched fake engagement. We all know it
       | and have known it for years -- if you'll admit it or not.
        
         | colechristensen wrote:
         | I promoted a tweet just for curiosity and a significant portion
         | of the engagement was spammy.
         | 
         | A lot of likes from accounts selling some kind of sex work,
         | some really blatant spam, a lot of small time self promotion
         | from wannabe influencers. Much of this was probably "real
         | people" but also "spam". There is a spectrum of what is and is
         | not "real" usage vs spam, but if I were advertising for real, I
         | wouldn't want to target the Twitter account representing a
         | furry onlyfans creator. Of those there were several in the few
         | hours and ~$100 I left the tweet up.
         | 
         | In other words a significant part of the engagement in my
         | promoted tweet was low quality Twitter accounts engaging with
         | my tweet in order to get more attention for themselves.
        
           | WORMS_EAT_WORMS wrote:
           | Does anyone here actually believe Twitter doesn't know this
           | and have exact metrics down to a science?
           | 
           | Or those stock options and gains too big to have any real
           | morals?
        
             | astrange wrote:
             | Twitter's ads are extremely strange and inaccurate and it
             | doesn't seem to matter to anyone. Recently I only get ads
             | for strange pharmaceuticals, mostly mABs for cancer
             | patients.
             | 
             | Also, they're different on different clients even if I'm
             | signed into my account on all of them. So I'm not sure what
             | the signals it uses are.
        
             | colechristensen wrote:
             | I'm not so sure there can be exact metrics, when exactly an
             | account is and is not spam is probably impossible to
             | determine, there is a lot of grey area.
        
               | WORMS_EAT_WORMS wrote:
               | Ha, yes impossible... I too have enjoyed the massive big
               | tech bull run. Very impossible
        
       | aalleavitch wrote:
       | What if he's not a genius and actually he's just some guy, and
       | his wealth is actually arbitrary.
       | 
       | Absolutely chilling thought, eh?
        
         | x86x87 wrote:
         | Genius is not an absolute that applies across everything one
         | done. In fact most geniuses are very very good across one
         | dimension + they benefit from the halo effect.
         | 
         | Musk can be a "genius" when it comes to electric cars and space
         | exploration while at the same time being total wrong about
         | almost everything else.
        
         | encryptluks2 wrote:
         | He's got that affluenza disorder.
        
       | greenie_beans wrote:
       | this website needs to be renamed to conjecture.com
        
       | tinktank wrote:
       | Oopsie. Stonks do bite back sometimes.
        
       | anewpersonality wrote:
        
       | Terry_Roll wrote:
       | So I load up on some stocks, I have a massive cult following, let
       | it be known I'm going to buy the company, stocks rise, I sell
       | them for a profit then load up on some shorts and cite an
       | impossible to prove reason why I could not go through with the
       | purchase, stocks fall, I profit again.
       | 
       | Perfectly legal process only accessible to the very rich in which
       | to further consolidate their position of being the very rich.
       | Nobody else on this planet could pull this off as they dont have
       | a cult following. Cult's dont have to be religious, unless money
       | is a religion?
       | 
       | Is anyone surprised?
        
       | sidcool wrote:
       | What is wonderful about this is that we all trust that courts
       | will be objective in this. No amount of money will corrupt the
       | courts here. I wish I could say the same for my country.
        
       | buzzwords wrote:
       | Is there anyway for Elon to prove there are more bots than
       | Twitter claims? If so, would twitter then be sued by the sec?
        
       | hunterb123 wrote:
       | ITT:
       | 
       | - Elon is stupid, haha he will lose money.
       | 
       | - Elon is evil, he's trying to pull a fast one on this
       | corporation!
       | 
       | - Elon waived his rights, he shouldn't have agreed to their fake
       | numbers!
       | 
       | - Twitter is allowed to claim whatever % of spam bots they want
       | for the deal.
       | 
       | - Twitter's censorship is _actually_ a good thing, here 's why...
        
         | gsibble wrote:
         | Well put.
         | 
         | Also:
         | 
         | - I'd hate it if Elon bought Twitter
         | 
         | Same person:
         | 
         | - What? This is bullshit! Elon should be forced to buy Twitter!
        
           | padjo wrote:
           | I am that person and I'm very disappointed in myself for it.
           | 
           | But the idea of someone buying twitter against their will
           | just cracks me up.
           | 
           | Also really punctures the visionary genius narrative.
        
         | thirdvect0r wrote:
         | With age, you will look back on your infantile attitude to this
         | situation and realise that you were simply a rube.
        
           | hunterb123 wrote:
           | You went straight to personal attacks. You may be the one
           | that needs to grow up.
           | 
           | If you disagree with my summaries or don't think they
           | occurred in the thread, dispute it. I see no reason to attack
           | me personally.
        
             | FireBeyond wrote:
             | > If you disagree with my summaries or don't think they
             | occurred in the thread, dispute it.
             | 
             | Disputed. Please show a comment that says the following:
             | 
             | > Twitter is allowed to claim whatever % of spam bots they
             | want for the deal
             | 
             | and this
             | 
             | > Twitter's censorship is actually a good thing, here's
             | why...
        
         | notahacker wrote:
         | ITT
         | 
         | - Elon is a genius, he doesn't make mistakes
         | 
         | - Elon's Twitter purchase offer isn't an ego trip or a
         | distraction, he actually has a plan to make Twitter earn its
         | keep
         | 
         | - People keep saying that spending money on an overvalued asset
         | that has zero fit with his engineering experience and ambitions
         | will make Musk poorer, not richer, but none of those people are
         | as smart as Elon Musk
         | 
         | - Elon's decision to waive due diligence and enter a binding
         | contract shows he knows what he's buying and isn't messing
         | around
         | 
         | - Elon deploying gagging clauses and/or financially ruining
         | people for criticising him or his companies is actually more an
         | indication of the important role he's playing in defending free
         | speech, not his narcissism, here's why...
         | 
         | [a month or two later]
         | 
         | - Can't believe Twitter deceived poor little lamb Elon Musk
         | into being the only user of their website unaware of the
         | proliferation of bots on it. This changes everything!
        
           | hunterb123 wrote:
           | I don't think we are reading the same thread or even the same
           | site.
        
       | ckastner wrote:
       | It's somewhat hilarious to think that even if Twitter were to
       | settle modestly for $5bn, that would be more than double of all
       | profit that Twitter has ever generated as a company.
        
         | nolok wrote:
         | In a way, Twitter played Musk's ego to perfection and he didn't
         | see it until its too late. In fact I'm not sure he even admits
         | it to himself yet.
        
           | encryptluks2 wrote:
           | Musk played everyone. I called it as soon as it was announced
           | that he was just manipulating the markets. Hopefully SEC
           | actually does something for once.
        
             | BolexNOLA wrote:
             | >hopefully the SEC actually does something for once
             | 
             | They can't when people like Musk are allowed to rip the few
             | teeth they have out any time they try to hold wealthy
             | individuals/companies accountable. Jon Stewart did a really
             | interesting interview with a former SEC chair few months
             | ago ("The Problem with Jon Stewart"), and while Jon clearly
             | clearly tells him to not pass the buck/not make excuses,
             | it's also clear to him that the SEC is outgunned and a
             | serious example of regulatory capture.
             | 
             | They can't throw money at the problem, they can't get
             | clever or they're sued for being "out of bounds," and
             | they've been successfully demonized to the public, so they
             | have no support virtually anywhere.
             | 
             | It's like the whole "tax the rich" battle cry. We won't see
             | it happen so long as the IRS is considered borderline an
             | enemy of the people, because who could ever campaign on
             | "increase funding for the IRS so they'll be better at
             | collecting taxes"?
        
             | nolok wrote:
             | He didn't play anyone, he got played. There was a ton of
             | way he could have sold stocks without being on the hook for
             | a 44 billions purchase he doesn't want to close. And he
             | even could have sold the stock without any excuses since
             | the stock fell anyway.
             | 
             | He is not getting anything out of this that he couldn't
             | have gotten in a better, smarter way. But they told him he
             | couldn't so he let his ego get the best of him again and
             | got himself trapped.
             | 
             | Even went ahead and threw out his right to due diligence,
             | which is the part that confirms it was ego and not smart
             | thinking, and the entire reason he cannot get a clean exit
             | now.
        
             | jq-r wrote:
             | That would imply that he didn't outplay SEC, which is a big
             | deal. So not that smart.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | qaq wrote:
       | An alternative theory all the people who have being really upset
       | about him buying Twitter are now actually cheering for him to be
       | forced to buy it. So he got to shift the sentiment for free :)
        
         | gsibble wrote:
         | There's something really messed up and confusing about all the
         | people complaining about him buying twitter now complaining
         | he's backing out of the deal. Most of the people in these
         | comments are hypocrites.
        
           | TAForObvReasons wrote:
           | It's not hypocritical to complain that:
           | 
           | 1) Elon Musk, as owner of Twitter, would prioritize profits
           | over free speech and other concerns.
           | 
           | 2) Elon Musk, as a participant in a binding legal agreement,
           | should not be allowed to break it on a whim.
        
           | roflyear wrote:
           | No. You can think it's bad he will control Twitter and also
           | that it's bad that he thinks he can do whatever he wants and
           | get away with it (like harm all the Twitter shareholders etc)
        
           | daemoens wrote:
           | That's not how hypocrisy works.
        
       | crmd wrote:
       | Temporary rate limiting on Elon's firehouse API account[0] does
       | not sound like a material breach of contract.
       | 
       | [0] - page 5
       | https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1418091/000110465922...
        
       | cat_plus_plus wrote:
       | Too bad, I was looking forward to a social network run
       | differently while still being able to provide strong security and
       | take down illegal / pointlessly obnoxious content. Twitter
       | combine with Musk's wealth would have been able to do that. I
       | guess the upside is that upstarts like MeWe now have more chance
       | to take on established players who have grown condescending to
       | their own users.
        
       | Tomte wrote:
       | Paul Graham:
       | https://mobile.twitter.com/paulg/status/1545547177849667585
       | 
       | Let me answer that: they do not want to be owned by someone who
       | doesn't want to.
       | 
       | But they want the 40B more.
        
         | singaporecode wrote:
         | Man PG has jumped the shark completely. What the hell is that
         | tweet - a deal is a deal, how can he implicitly say it should
         | be ok for it not to be honoured (and with his twitter
         | following, saying something publicly has an impact, however
         | small)
        
         | ckastner wrote:
         | > _Let me answer that: they do not want to be owned by someone
         | who doesn 't want to._
         | 
         | That person _wanted_ to own Twitter, though, and very much so.
         | To that effect, that person made and absolutely ludicrous offer
         | (e.g., merger without due digligence), just to end up owning
         | Twitter as soon as possible.
         | 
         | The fact that a few weeks later, the same person changed their
         | mind about Twitter, is absolutely their own fault. They agreed
         | to terms.
        
         | kif wrote:
         | That tweet seems a bit weird, especially coming from him.
        
           | dmix wrote:
           | It makes sense from purely a) founder/entrepreneur
           | perspective which PG normally speaks from. Forcing someone to
           | run a company they don't believe in is normally a bad
           | strategy. And b) assuming the board member cares about
           | Twitter as an entity beyond the short term monetary
           | gain/share prices. Since most board members are already
           | wealthy and are motivated by more than $$ when taking on the
           | job
           | 
           | Of course fundamentally the question is obviously moot give
           | the legal obligation both from Musk and for the shareholders
           | to optimize payout before a recession, but it's an
           | interesting thought experiment of whether it's going to harm
           | them either by going to court and/or having a disinterested
           | owner.
           | 
           | Personally I think regardless if Elon is forced to buy
           | Twitter he's obviously going to do try to make the best out
           | of his investment (or at least a better product). He's a
           | poweruser who clearly cares about the product. Can't be much
           | worse than it already is. His concern is probably just the
           | price not that he doesn't want to own Twitter.
        
       | 734129837261 wrote:
       | Out of touch billionaire realises that he has to sell quite a lot
       | of stocks in his companies in order to buy a dying social media
       | platform that's mostly gamed by PR firms, bots, and the
       | occasional actual user who wonders: "Why am I here again?"
        
       | djcannabiz wrote:
       | very excited to read what Mat Levine has to say about this...
        
       | causality0 wrote:
       | I'm surprised anybody thought this was actually going to happen.
       | From day one this had all the trappings of a typical Musk
       | publicity stunt.
        
       | geoffmunn wrote:
       | I always thought this was a weird purchase. All his other
       | businesses have been industry disrupters where he can make all
       | sorts of bombastic claims and promises of new products, but
       | Twitter was an established company in a stable(ish) industry.
       | 
       | It was really hard to see how he would apply his usual tricks,
       | and I always figured he was going to wiggle out.
        
       | pen2l wrote:
       | "The Twitter Board is committed to closing the transaction on the
       | price and terms agreed upon with Mr. Musk and plans to pursue
       | legal action to enforce the merger agreement. We are confident we
       | will prevail in the Delaware Court of Chancery."
       | 
       | - Bret Taylor
       | (https://twitter.com/btaylor/status/1545526087089696768)
       | 
       | Elon is on the record talking about the 'bot problem' over the
       | years (on Twitter!). He's about to get a very expensive lesson
       | that agreements can't be breached even if you have more money
       | than sense to spend on litigation and you can't just say stuff
       | willy-nilly, because it can come back to bite you sometimes.
        
       | TedShiller wrote:
       | He achieved something good though: he exposed Twitter as a
       | corrupt, biased company full of spam bots.
       | 
       | Thank you Elon
        
         | daemoens wrote:
         | Everyone knew about the spam bots. They're spam bots so they're
         | extremely visible.
        
         | bindle8932 wrote:
         | He didn't though
        
       | hartator wrote:
       | Everyone is saying Musk waived is due diligence rights. Where can
       | I read that?
        
         | vitaflo wrote:
         | He didn't wave them he simply didn't do them. The time for due
         | diligence is before you sign a binding contract. Once you sign
         | no amount of "extra" diligence maters because you already made
         | a binding decision. Elon signed without doing enough due
         | diligence and now wants to get out because of it but that's not
         | how binding contracts work.
        
         | camjohnson26 wrote:
         | Look up Matt Levine's newsletter, he's been covering the whole
         | saga and is an expert on M&A.
        
       | kringo wrote:
       | I like him for his entrepreneurship and big bold bets.
       | 
       | However related to Twitter, looking what's happening since his
       | first tweet, this was the plan all along. Come up with an excuse
       | to get out of the deal. Just he was trying to cash in all the
       | marketing he can like always.
       | 
       | I don't think its going to work the way he thinks in this case,
       | its atleast going to cost him $1b
        
         | hwers wrote:
         | Surely 1bn could have afforded a lot more and better
         | marketing..
        
           | kringo wrote:
           | for sure :-)
        
       | lemondice wrote:
        
       | michaelsshaw wrote:
       | Just another example of Elon Musk committing to doing something
       | crazy to generate headlines then not following through with it.
       | Not sure when people are going to realize this guy's a total
       | fraud.
        
       | fma wrote:
       | If you look at Twitter's stock price, it never stayed near his
       | $54.20 offer price, unlike other actual legitimate offers for
       | buyouts.
       | 
       | Anyone who took it seriously...I'd like to sell them a bridge.
        
       | jlarocco wrote:
       | I love the irony that Musk wants to buy Twitter and force it to
       | promote "free speech", but is also worried about "fake" accounts.
       | 
       | If I want to run a thousand bots spouting fake news, isn't that
       | my freedom of speech in action?
        
       | coffeeblack wrote:
       | Where does the Musk hate on hn come from?
       | 
       | Edit: that's an actual question. If you downvote, at least
       | comment why I'm wrong.
        
         | maxboone wrote:
         | I don't think it's irrational
         | 
         | https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2022/04/elon-musk-twitter-te...
        
       | throwaway5959 wrote:
        
         | legitster wrote:
         | It's not like Twitter doesn't also have money and lawyers.
        
           | frollo wrote:
           | Exactly, I think we are going to see some funny headlines in
           | the coming days.
        
           | throwaway5959 wrote:
           | Twitter isn't the one breaking the agreement for no reason. I
           | read the letter, it's full of nonsense.
        
             | legitster wrote:
             | But he hasn't circumnavigated anything. Twitter has full
             | rights and ability to go after him.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | adoxyz wrote:
       | The Twitter deal always felt like a cover to sell a bunch of
       | Tesla stock at the peak and cash out. Looks like it worked out
       | for him.
        
         | MBCook wrote:
         | Depends on how big the fine he ends up with is.
        
         | 9999 wrote:
         | I assumed he'd exit Tesla on a longer timeline, but his recent
         | political shifts do make it seem like he plans to exit Tesla as
         | quickly as possible.
        
       | mzs wrote:
       | >The Twitter Board is committed to closing the transaction on the
       | price and terms agreed upon with Mr. Musk and plans to pursue
       | legal action to enforce the merger agreement. We are confident we
       | will prevail in the Delaware Court of Chancery.
       | 
       | Bret Taylor, Twitter board chair - 4:51 PM Chicago time * Jul 8,
       | 2022
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/btaylor/status/1545526087089696768
        
         | lettergram wrote:
         | The most likely scenario is a settlement at a lower price imo.
         | Musk was never going to pay the original offer because it was /
         | is well known Twitter has a bot problem. He surfaced the issue
         | and is threatening to scuttle deal based on twitters throttling
         | the API. Which is limiting the due diligence ability of Musk's
         | financiers to appropriately evaluate their investment.
         | 
         | Now the negotiations will take place and I suspect we will see
         | something like a $10-$20B purchase agreement. Musk will have
         | opportunity for due diligence if they sue. If they don't sue
         | him, then the shareholders sue Twitter (ironically probably
         | some of the financiers).
        
           | roflyear wrote:
           | In what fucking universe do you think they would settle on
           | $10b lol. You guys are crazy.
        
           | BolexNOLA wrote:
           | >Which is limiting the due diligence ability of Musk's
           | financiers to appropriately evaluate their investment.
           | 
           | He waived his DD so that's 100% on him and his unchecked ego,
           | like most of his problems he likes to blame on everyone else.
        
           | rocqua wrote:
           | Musk did not 'surface the issue'. He was complaining about
           | bot numbers being higher than Twitter said looong before he
           | ever signed the merger.
           | 
           | Musk does not have a right to due diligence. Just a right to
           | 'information reasonably relevant to the business'. And he has
           | no right to terminate the merger based on that information.
        
       | jhugo wrote:
       | The bot thing is obviously a pretext but I wouldn't be surprised
       | if all the major social networks lie about what proportion of
       | their active users are synthetic. In my experience, running ads
       | on both Twitter and Facebook tends to drive an absurdly large
       | amount of suspicious traffic if you don't very tightly target
       | them. 5% seems unbelivably low just based on that experience and
       | the experience of using Twitter in general.
        
       | timwaagh wrote:
       | I hope he hangs lol. Not out of any disrespect for musks
       | achievements like those cars or the first online payment method
       | that did not involve a credit card but he's been doing too many
       | disruptive unnecessary things that will have cost a lot of
       | ordinary retail stockholders a pretty penny.
        
       | SergeAx wrote:
       | Okay, if everyone is posting conspiracy theories - here's mine.
       | Musk did this for people to stop clamouring about his alleged
       | twins with that blue-eyed smarty from Neuralink.
        
         | peanuty1 wrote:
         | Don't forget the SpaceX flight attendant he exposed his penis
         | to and propositioned for sexual acts.
        
           | hackerlight wrote:
           | Allegedly. It's shameful that people throw around unproven
           | claims on social media like this, and in their second breath
           | will complain about disinformation coming from people they
           | don't like.
        
       | remflight wrote:
       | Twitter can't give Musk the data he needs to determine fake
       | accounts. It's obvious that while Twitter does some work to
       | detect fake accounts, they probably only go after low hanging
       | fruit. Twitter is balancing investment costs vs impact to the
       | platform and obviously they are coming in light. Everyone that
       | uses Twitter knows it has a bot problem.
       | 
       | If Musk's team does a deeper dive than Twitter is willing to
       | invest in and determines that the number of bots is material, it
       | calls into question the entire financial model of Twitter.
       | Customers will demand refunds and earnings will have to be
       | restated going back years. It's going to be a nuclear financial
       | bomb.
       | 
       | So of course Twitter is going to sandbag. They can't afford to
       | release that data because they know it's going to be material.
       | Musk knows this and Twitter knows this.
       | 
       | I think Twitter is actually fucked now because their number of
       | accounts will come into question and maybe even the SEC might
       | squeeze them. But Twitter will probably look tough but try to
       | close this chapter as quickly as possible and hope that no one
       | digs deeper into the fake accounts.
        
         | ceejayoz wrote:
         | > Everyone that uses Twitter knows it has a bot problem.
         | 
         | Which is precisely the problem with signing a "I'm buying you
         | for $44B" and then claiming you had no idea they had so many
         | bots to back out of it.
        
           | remflight wrote:
           | Your argument doesn't hold water. You can have a sense of the
           | amount of bots but if it's wildly off, then of course it's
           | going to be shocking.
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | He opted to buy the company, and very shortly afterwards
             | said the 5% number - which they've consistently submitted
             | to the SEC for _years_ - is obviously wrong.
             | 
             | Unless he can convincingly explain how he went from naively
             | believing the 5% number to certain it's massively and
             | fraudulently incorrect - in a matter of weeks and with no
             | new information - to the court, he's pretty fucked here.
        
               | remflight wrote:
               | You simply don't know what you're talking about. That's
               | not how the real world works.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2022-07-09/elo
               | n-s...
               | 
               | > The bots thing, man, I don't know. We have talked about
               | this before. Back before the market crashed, back when he
               | was pretending to want to buy Twitter, Musk was
               | pretending that he wanted to buy Twitter in order to
               | clean up the bot problem. Now he is pretending to want to
               | get out of the deal because of the bot problem. It is
               | tiresome to pretend to take this seriously, so let's not.
               | 
               | Read the whole thing.
        
         | iudqnolq wrote:
         | > If Musk's team does a deeper dive than Twitter is willing to
         | invest in and determines that the number of bots is material,
         | it calls into question the entire financial model of Twitter.
         | Customers will demand refunds and earnings will have to be
         | restated going back years. It's going to be a nuclear financial
         | bomb.
         | 
         | This doesn't make sense. "Material" is a term of art defined
         | with regard to the current deal, there's no such thing as
         | determining "the number of bots is material" in a general sense
         | such that customers (I presume you mean advertisers) would
         | automatically be allowed to sue.
         | 
         | Sure, if Musk finds Twitter has historically lied that would be
         | significant. But Twitter doesn't have a single "bot number". In
         | specific circumstances they make specific calculations using
         | defined procedures. For example, the number Musk is whining
         | about uses active - not all - users as the denominator, so of
         | course it's going to be lower than the "real" number of bots.
         | 
         | Surprisingly to me, so far Musk hasn't provided an argument
         | beyond this same sort of word salad. Maybe he's playing
         | n-dimensional chess, but if Twitter sues him he'll presumably
         | have to make his real secret arguments in open court. We'll see
         | then.
        
           | remflight wrote:
           | Of course it makes sense. "Material" is a financial term that
           | is used all the time. It's not a surprising term at all and
           | fits here.
           | 
           | Twitter doesn't have to be caught in a lie. They can just be
           | caught with having a materially different numbers of fake
           | accounts from their stated numbers.
           | 
           | If 25% of the amount you paid to Twitter for ads went to bots
           | and fake accounts, you don't think that you deserve a refund?
           | You don't think advertisers would take advantage of that to
           | get refunds? You don't think the SEC would be interested in
           | this?
           | 
           | The whole point is Musk's team is going to dig up stuff that
           | Twitter won't want to fix because the cost to find and track
           | it will overweigh the amount of money they make probably. But
           | it will have ramifications in terms of things like refunds
           | and customers leaving the platform entirely. It will make
           | them look really bad. It's inevitable.
        
             | iudqnolq wrote:
             | > "Material" is a financial term that is used all the time.
             | It's not a surprising term at all and fits here.
             | 
             | Yes, but it's only well-defined with regard to specific
             | circumstances. It makes no sense to say something material
             | to this deal will inherently be material to completely
             | different circumstances like the contracts signed with
             | advertisers or users.
        
               | remflight wrote:
               | You're not making any sense.
               | 
               | If you're an advertiser and you've been paying for ads,
               | but 25% of the engagement was fake, you won't ask for a
               | refund?
               | 
               | If you're a new advertiser and you find a platform where
               | 25 % of the engagement is bots, will you want to pay full
               | price?
        
               | mikeyouse wrote:
               | No because that's not how advertisers price ads. They
               | measure an ROI on their spends and if it's greater than
               | 1, they'll buy another set of ads. If the ROI is >1 with
               | 25% bots on current Twitter, they should be worth _much
               | more_ to Musk Twitter because their current ads will
               | outperform when musk enacts his magic bot preventers.
        
         | phailhaus wrote:
         | > Twitter can't give Musk the data he needs to determine fake
         | accounts.
         | 
         | Twitter has already given Musk access to the "firehose of
         | data". [1]
         | 
         | Musk bragged about buying Twitter _because_ of the bots. Nobody
         | is going to believe that he suddenly cares now that there are
         | too many, not after he waived due diligence and set the buying
         | price as a 420 joke.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.wired.com/story/elon-musk-twitter-firehose/
        
           | remflight wrote:
           | Read the letter from the lawyers. They gave Musk's team
           | limited access via api until a couple of days ago despite
           | asking for it since may. The limited access was rate limited
           | and had other restrictions. It's obvious that with a rate
           | limit the amount of data is not enough to do what they need
           | to do.
        
             | CogitoCogito wrote:
             | Okay if the issue was his access being rate-limited, then
             | what's the issue now that it no longer is? So Musk is able
             | to actually find the evidence he needs now right?
        
       | umpalumpaaa wrote:
       | I never understood the spam accounts argument...
       | 
       | One of musks main things he wanted to do with Twitter was to
       | fight those spam/bot accounts.
       | 
       | He thinks getting rid of them is good for Twitter. If there are
       | more bots than estimated Twitter will get even better than
       | anticipated. If there are less bots than estimated this means the
       | user base is more healthy than assume / one problem you don't
       | have to solve.
       | 
       | Each scenario is neither clearly good nor bad for a potential
       | buyer.
        
       | DonHopkins wrote:
       | Hit it, Frank:
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K_WgCGOWae4
       | 
       | We must watch the stuff you make.
       | 
       | You have let us eat the cake.
       | 
       | While your accountants tell you, "Yes, yes, yes!"
       | 
       | You make expensive ugliness, how do you do it? Let me guess...
        
       | crikeyjoe wrote:
       | Read the reason. Twitter is all fake bots. You gotta be nuts to
       | own that.
        
       | ramacastro wrote:
        
         | maxerickson wrote:
         | It's not success until the first long term mission dies a
         | desperate unnecessary death.
        
           | ramacastro wrote:
           | Sure, let's wait until the sun expands and kills all life on
           | earth. All because of the fear of a single accident killing a
           | few people. Sound logic.
        
             | maxerickson wrote:
             | I am not saying that whatever attempted Mars missions
             | should be delayed, I'm saying you should probably wait to
             | reward the credit until it's a little closer to fruition.
        
               | ramacastro wrote:
               | I understand your point. But if you follow the
               | achievements of spacex and the current progress of
               | starship, they clearly are making the most progress of
               | any group of people in this direction.
        
         | vecter wrote:
         | This ad hominem has nothing to do with Elon's legal standing
         | with regards to whether or not he can back out of the deal
         | without paying a large breakup fee.
         | 
         | Yes Elon has done great work for humankind, but that doesn't
         | absolve him of responsibility for bad behavior.
        
           | ramacastro wrote:
        
             | vecter wrote:
             | > Sure, he won't mind paying that I believe.
             | 
             | I strongly beg to differ. The purported damage may be in
             | the low tens of billions. It doesn't mean that Twitter will
             | get that much, but they'll certainly sue for that much.
             | 
             | > And he will likely create a new social media and crush
             | twitter.
             | 
             | What makes you believe that that is likely? I don't see any
             | evidence for it whatsoever. Twitter has an incredible moat.
             | Just because Musk is going to start a twitter competitor
             | (which I doubt he'd bother doing since he's already so
             | busy) doesn't mean it will be successful, if it even ever
             | gets off the ground. Most likely it will be a small niche
             | community.
             | 
             | > I was talking about people attacking him just for being
             | rich and accusing him of having an "inflated ego"
             | 
             | Clearly the man has an inflated ego if he thinks he can
             | pull nonsense like this and get away with it. You could
             | make a reasonable argument that he's "earned" that ego, but
             | that's different from whether or not he has one.
        
               | ramacastro wrote:
               | In the ted interview he did recently he said he had a
               | plan B. And that plan was clearly to create a new social
               | media, if you watch the interview you will notice. I
               | honestly don't think he was trying to pull anything. If
               | you see a product that seems made of real gold and then
               | when you ask the seller to prove it's gold, they go round
               | and round not actually answering your question, why would
               | you buy it? Better to put that money into another
               | product. It's common sense, people should stop being so
               | cynical. It's a distorted and sad world that one. As Elon
               | said once "I prefer to be optimistic and wrong rather
               | than pessimistic and right".
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | minimaxir wrote:
               | Elon says a lot of things that don't pan out. Unlike a
               | TED interview, buying Twitter was made into a legal
               | obligation.
        
               | ramacastro wrote:
               | Elon has a bad time prediction engine for predicting how
               | much time something will take his companies to achieve.
               | But please let me know of something that he said that
               | turned out to be a lie or actually impossible by the laws
               | of physics. Because I never heard him say anything like
               | that. And he will pay whatever tens of billions he has to
               | pay. He really doesn't care about money.
        
           | betwixthewires wrote:
           | I think the above comment is largely targeted at the many
           | character attacks against Musk and less so at commentary on
           | the legality of this whole Twitter thing.
        
         | tux2bsd wrote:
         | The IT industry is extremely left leaning on the whole. People
         | who are intelligent enough to know better, it's a very strange
         | phenomenon.
         | 
         | Twitter has one of the worst interfaces known to man, I'm
         | amazed anyone uses it.
        
           | ramacastro wrote:
           | This is really strange! I'm a tech entrepreneur, but don't
           | personally know many others. Critical thinking should prevail
           | in the tech industry, not this nonsense.
        
             | tux2bsd wrote:
             | I see your original comment is "flagged", there was nothing
             | untoward about it. I don't know why the cowards can't just
             | leave comments alone.
        
               | ramacastro wrote:
               | They flagged it because either the truth hurts or it went
               | against their ideology.
        
               | tux2bsd wrote:
               | The latter, they literally can't recognize the truth.
               | 
               | I hope for their sake a large portion of them break free
               | of their ideological prisons during their lifetime.
        
       | ElijahLynn wrote:
       | So was the whole goal all along to try and figure out how much of
       | Twitter was fake spam accounts? That would be one way of doing
       | it.
        
         | riffic wrote:
         | If there's a valid combination of username and password, the
         | account is in no way "fake". I wish there was better
         | terminology here.
         | 
         | It can in certain be a spam account though.
        
       | andrewclunn wrote:
       | So then it looks like the "right wing" / anti-establishment tech
       | pantheon is then set:
       | 
       | Rumble, Brave, Truth Social, Subscribe Star
       | 
       | Locals and Bitchute gave it a shot (and aren't dead yet). And an
       | Elon owned Twitter might have been interesting, but at this point
       | that's who the players are.
        
         | daemoens wrote:
         | All of them are incredibly small though. Most conservatives
         | still use regular social media.
        
           | rvz wrote:
           | All of them are still bigger than Mastodon. After 6 years,
           | Mastodon failed to show itself to be a proper alternative
           | even during the so-called 'exodus' from Twitter. Given that
           | it is smaller than those social networks, I regard that as a
           | catastrophic failure.
           | 
           | 6 years is not early days and Mastodon failed has still
           | failed to attract users from Twitter 2 months ago. No chance
           | of a significant amount of serious users from other social
           | networks migrating over.
        
             | daemoens wrote:
             | Mastadon wasn't built for conservatives though. Truth and
             | it's ilk are built specifically because of conservatives
             | feeling censored. They have a reason to go there. Mastadon
             | has nothing.
        
       | timsneath wrote:
       | It seems apparent to this observer that he developed cold feet
       | pretty fast after an impetuous decision, and has been looking for
       | any reason to back out of it since then. The spam accounts angle
       | seems like a convenient scapegoat, rather than a real surprise to
       | him.
       | 
       | He's clearly eccentric in his approach to decision making: I
       | don't think any Harvard Business School course will teach "the
       | Musk Principles". But it's unclear to me what he initially
       | thought he was getting out of this. In the original news, he
       | said, "Twitter has tremendous potential - I look forward to
       | working with the company and the community of users to unlock
       | it." Either he was breathlessly arrogant or astonishingly
       | careless in the first instance. And I say this as someone who has
       | huge respect for his accomplishments in other industries.
        
         | christkv wrote:
         | Termination fee is like 1 billion I think so it will still be
         | cheaper for him to back out and then buy it when its stock
         | price crumples over the next couple of quarters.
        
           | eloff wrote:
           | That's only in case he can't get financing. There's no option
           | to pay $1B and walk away. Twitter can sue to force him to
           | complete the deal under the contract they signed.
           | 
           | However I suspect the lawsuit to be settled rather than drag
           | on for years. Probably he'll buy it at a reduced price or pay
           | a larger termination fee to walk away.
        
         | UncleOxidant wrote:
         | > Either he was breathlessly arrogant or astonishingly careless
         | 
         | Why not both? Arrogance tends to lead to carelessness.
        
         | ben_jones wrote:
         | Seems like a manic episode enabled by yes-men.
        
         | baby wrote:
         | There's the HN theory, but then he was invited at twitter
         | answering questions that employees had. Why would someone do
         | that if they were just fucking around.
        
         | recuter wrote:
         | > The spam accounts angle seems like a convenient scapegoat,
         | rather than a real surprise to him.
         | 
         | It seems apparent to this observer that the spam accounts thing
         | and other metrics were always super inflated and perhaps now
         | there will be a reckoning.
         | 
         | I also think it is very funny how there was much gnashing of
         | teeth and literal tears at the prospect of him owning twitter
         | but now they might end up chasing him and try to force him to
         | buy them, thus further alienating the woke mob and sowing chaos
         | internally. Look how the turn tables have turn tabled.
         | 
         | If they are greedy enough to go to court over it the question
         | of just how _fake_ this company is will stay in the news for
         | the duration of the trial and the stock will tank. If they don
         | 't they might have to, you know, actually function like a real
         | company.
         | 
         | This story is far from over.
        
           | initplus wrote:
           | No kidding Twitter has spam/fake accounts, isn't that part of
           | why Musk wanted to buy Twitter in the first place?
           | 
           | He publicly stated that he wanted to buy Twitter to clear up
           | the fake account issue, he knew about the issue before
           | entering the deal, when signing he waived due diligence that
           | could have given him the opportunity to investigate the issue
           | before signing...
           | 
           | Musk's own tweets will work against him if he tries to use
           | the fake accounts issue to back out.
        
             | recuter wrote:
             | His stated reason to buy twitter was in defense of free
             | speech, despite the bots not because of them.
             | 
             | I'm guessing he saw a glimpse of just how extensive the
             | problem really is and the unwillingness of the organization
             | to be remotely honest about it. It would not surprise me if
             | it was 95% bots, rather than 5%.
        
         | hwers wrote:
         | This is such a terrible look for Elon. I've really liked him up
         | until now but this just feels like playing with our emotions.
         | Honestly starting to question how much hope there is for mars
         | to happen at all.
        
           | plankers wrote:
           | >Honestly starting to question how much hope there is for
           | mars to happen at all.
           | 
           | i spat out my drink reading this
        
           | camjohnson26 wrote:
           | Musk receives a lot of flak because he presents extremely
           | hard problems as easy, and sells the idea that only he can
           | solve them. But this is clearly not true, just look at all
           | the progress that is happening in automated driving and EV
           | technology outside of Tesla, with Waymo, Cruise, and other
           | companies already offering limited driverless rides, and with
           | the Rivian and Ford 150 Lightning beating the cybertruck to
           | market by years.
           | 
           | Real progress takes real work, not promises and marketing
           | fluff. If humanity makes it to Mars it will likely be without
           | his help.
        
             | slowmotiony wrote:
             | _Real progress takes real work, not promises and marketing
             | fluff._
             | 
             | I've never seen a Waymo, Cruise, Rivian or a Ford 150
             | Lightning in my entire life and I've been in many major
             | cities across the world. You know what I do see on a daily
             | basis though? Teslas.
        
               | camjohnson26 wrote:
               | You've also never seen a driverless Tesla or a
               | cybertruck, so compare apples to apples. Yes Tesla killed
               | it with their sedans and the model 3.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | jmccaf wrote:
               | I've started to see Rivian trucks are on the road in
               | South Bay Area and in Berkeley.
        
         | TillE wrote:
         | I suspect the initial decision was something like "hey I could
         | actually just buy Twitter, that would be funny". It's less
         | clear to me why he almost immediately started trying to back
         | out. It's probably a waste of a significant chunk of money, but
         | is that all?
        
           | idiotsecant wrote:
           | It makes more sense if you assume that Elon Musk is both a
           | sometimes successful businessman and also suffering from
           | unmanaged bipolar disorder.
        
             | AngryData wrote:
             | Or it is far more likely that he isn't so much smarter than
             | everyone else like he pretends and regularly makes mistakes
             | like anybody else.
        
             | crmd wrote:
             | Agree 100%. I've never met Elon but his online behavior in
             | the run up to and immediately after the Twitter deal sure
             | seemed hypomanic to me.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | soganess wrote:
             | Can we not jump to blaming a person's bad choices on the
             | first medical condition that fits? I know Musk has said he
             | has bipolar disorder, and I'm not trying to discount that.
             | 
             | I'm just saying what if... gasp... he simply did something
             | foolish? The blame-it-on-the-bipolar out reinforces the
             | narrative of an infallible person who only make mistakes
             | because of a medical condition. Take that line of thinking
             | one step further and you are now fully onboard the bipolar
             | stigma train.
        
               | appletrotter wrote:
               | Do you have any experience with bipolar?
        
               | pas wrote:
               | A mistake or doing something foolish is going out in
               | shorts in the winter and then getting a cold.
               | 
               | He spent days/weeks/months on setting up this deal, he
               | became obsessed with it at some point.
               | 
               | (Hopefully) no one is "blaming" it on the bipolar. It's
               | simply something consistent with bipolar. (But it's also
               | consistent with rich people getting obsessed with
               | something and then spending way too much resources on
               | it.)
               | 
               | > reinforces the narrative
               | 
               | That narrative is simply bad and pushed by people who
               | have no idea what they are talking about. Musk's previous
               | instances of risk taking (that "all" turned out to be
               | fine) is also perfectly consistent with bipolar. (Of
               | course if you look at it then it turns out that he took
               | many risks that made very little sense, like when he
               | talked about taking Tesla private, the infamous funding
               | secured tweet.)
               | 
               | And of course just a label like bipolar means (almost)
               | nothing, these spectrum disorders are complex (and there
               | are usually other comorbidities at the same time, just
               | with different severity), we don't know how he is
               | treating/medicating/managing it, or is it even the right
               | diagnosis or not. Or he could have simply lied.
        
               | CogitoCogito wrote:
               | > It's simply something consistent with bipolar.
               | 
               | It's also consistent with making a mistake.
        
               | pas wrote:
               | ... you can call it a mistake, but that emphasizes an
               | irrelevant fact. everyone makes mistakes. rich people do
               | small and big mistakes. we hear about the very stupid
               | (regular florida man) and very expensive mistakes (trader
               | accidentally entry more zeros, etc).
               | 
               | and of course we all hear about the top of the Forbes
               | billionaire list mistakes, the wework scandal and the
               | other questionable decisions of Masayoshi Son, how "the
               | crazier someone it's more likely they get money from
               | Thiel", etc.
               | 
               | but even on top of all these this one easily takes the
               | cake.
               | 
               | yes, in isolation it's a "mistake", but luckily we have
               | plenty of context for it.
        
               | CogitoCogito wrote:
               | > everyone makes mistakes. rich people do small and big
               | mistakes.
               | 
               | So then you agree that it being a mistake is entirely
               | plausible and that it having anything to do with being
               | bipolar is pure speculation?
        
           | stingrae wrote:
           | It also hit at a point when Tesla's stock price started a
           | rapid decent. The Twitter deal is becoming a larger and
           | larger percentage of his net worth.
        
           | 988747 wrote:
           | >> It's less clear to me why he almost immediately started
           | trying to back out.
           | 
           | That's what you do when you sober up and realize what a mess
           | you've made.
        
             | civilized wrote:
             | Perhaps underneath the 420 jokes lies the reality that he's
             | high fairly often.
             | 
             | I am sure the offer price of $54.20 was a joke. With Musk,
             | the appearance of those digits is never an accident.
        
               | martin8412 wrote:
               | Wine and Ambien is his goto..
        
               | dubswithus wrote:
               | Is it?
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | This seems to happen with some regularity in Musk's
             | timeline.
        
             | cowtools wrote:
             | Well, if the purpose of buying twitter was to improve the
             | user experience of internet users and advance the doctrine
             | of free speech, then why not just spend that same amount of
             | money building your own twitter (mastodon instance or
             | something) and use your publicity to attract users?
        
               | simonw wrote:
               | If spending a ton of money was a reliable way to build a
               | new social network we would all be having this
               | conversation on Google+.
        
               | Slartie wrote:
               | "Musk Social"?
        
               | cowtools wrote:
               | The difference would be that musk's following is more
               | moderate, and they might respect peering agreements
               | unlike Gab or Truth Social.
        
               | Vespasian wrote:
               | Well maybe he realised that in the best case he would
               | govern over Twitter 2.0 with extra toxicity and in the
               | worst case be the proud owner of another cesspool of
               | assholes, pedophiles and people with violent ideas.
               | 
               | I don't believe for a second that Elon Musk really cares
               | about free speech for anyone but himself and he is right
               | now probably not limited by twitter's policy but by other
               | externalities
        
               | cowtools wrote:
               | Pedophiles? I'm pretty sure they would be forced to take
               | down child porn. I mean, it's a public forum. If you are
               | publicly announcing that you are pedophile or terrorist,
               | that sounds like bad news for you.
               | 
               | In any case, does twitter not already have a lot of
               | "assholes" and people with "violent ideas"?
        
               | Vespasian wrote:
               | Yes he would (sorry if I went a bit over the top there).
               | 
               | My point being that I don't trust Elon Musk to make
               | better moderation decisions than whoever is in charge
               | right now.
               | 
               | Past attempts of social media with low barriers of what
               | is allowed have absolutely turned out worse than Twitter
               | if you ask me(e.g. 4chan, 8chan, gab etc) That's why I
               | think the best case is "Twitter but more aligned with
               | whatever Elon Musk thinks at the moment"
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | ChildOfChaos wrote:
               | because that doesn't work.
        
               | CoryAlexMartin wrote:
               | An established social media platform's most valuable
               | asset is the size of its userbase. Even with the reach of
               | Musk, I think it would be hard to attract a large enough
               | userbase to make the product more compelling than
               | Twitter.
        
               | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
               | An established platform's most valuable asset is the
               | _data_ of the userbase.
               | 
               | Twitter can leverage a huge amount of data about personal
               | preferences, interests, relationship status, political
               | leanings, income, usage profiles, message habits and
               | content, social graph, and location.
               | 
               | If you specifically wanted to clamp down on certain
               | demographics, it would be an excellent way to locate
               | them.
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | Can't have a large data trove on your users without
               | users. A huge part of a successful social network is
               | sufficient adoption. If the people your users want to
               | follow aren't on the platform they don't have a real
               | reason to be there. It's a major hurdle for any new
               | social platform and a lot fail at that step.
        
           | labster wrote:
           | Stocks went down almost immediately after the deal across the
           | tech sector. Financing got harder, he would have sell off a
           | lot of TSLA at a discount to complete the deal.
        
           | towaway15463 wrote:
           | Did everyone forget about the massive hit the stock market
           | took right after the deal was announced? Maybe that has
           | something to do with it.
        
           | alasdair_ wrote:
           | The market went to shit almost right after the point where he
           | made his offer. Tesla took a dive at the same time. A lot of
           | the loan he took out is against his tesla stock.
        
         | mikkergp wrote:
         | I think about Jack Dorsey's endorsement early on:
         | 
         | https://www.cnbc.com/2022/04/26/jack-dorsey-elon-musk-is-the...
         | 
         | This most of all makes me think he was really into it and then
         | fucked it all up. Or Jack was just trying to get back at the
         | board.
        
           | WORMS_EAT_WORMS wrote:
           | Eh, I think he's a believer. I like Jack. He dreams big and
           | is pretty inspirational to wild ideas. You are high if you
           | are reading this and think he's not upset with where Twitter
           | landed.
        
             | mikkergp wrote:
             | Yeah I mean I guess that's what I'm trying to say. I do
             | think Dorsey is a believer which makes it so odd to me that
             | Dorsey and Musk apparently had enough of a relationship for
             | Dorsey to say Musk was the best person to take over
             | Twitter, and then see the takeover later become so
             | disorganized.
        
               | morelisp wrote:
               | Dorsey is also naive, so perhaps he just didn't question
               | Musk's stated position much.
        
         | starkd wrote:
         | The twitter board has already announced it intends to litigate
         | this. And they are not after just the $1B fee. That might be
         | what Mr. Musk had in mind when he mentioned he was lawyering up
         | in a few tweets awhile back. Even though he waved due
         | diligence, that might not clear twitter from having lied about
         | the bot problem. I suspect this is going into months of
         | litigation. Perhaps Twitter will be willing to accept a lower
         | price. It might be what Musk is angling for.
        
           | hermanradtke wrote:
           | He didn't waive due diligence. He chose to forego any due
           | diligence before making an offer.
           | 
           | This isn't like buying a house...
        
             | starkd wrote:
             | Oh? This is news to me. The media are all claiming he
             | waived it, though I tended to doubt it. That he would waive
             | it does seem kind of odd, since even waiving due diligence
             | should not absolve a company from lying about its assets if
             | found out.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | atlasunshrugged wrote:
         | There's another belief floated by Josh Wolfe (an investor with
         | Lux Capital) who claimed it was a ruse to liquidate Tesla stock
         | en masse without Tesla hodlers getting suspicious and tanking
         | the inflated stock price.
         | 
         | https://twitter.com/wolfejosh/status/1545387947578597376
        
           | marricks wrote:
           | That's immensely believable, I wonder how he got someone
           | people onboard to be help him fund it though. It's even more
           | of a stretch but maybe the rest of them wanted more liquidity
           | too?
        
           | slg wrote:
           | But Tesla stock did drop after the announcement of the deal.
           | I think that is the real reasoning behind him quickly getting
           | cold feet. He probably thought Twitter would be a fun side
           | project, but the backlash from people in regards to Tesla,
           | SpaceX, and just the general public meant it would be more
           | costly both to his reputation and financially beyond just the
           | sticker price. That took the fun out of it so he has been
           | looking for ways to escape the deal ever since.
        
             | thereare5lights wrote:
             | > but the backlash from people in regards to Tesla, SpaceX,
             | and just the general public
             | 
             | There's no way he didn't foresee this.
             | 
             | It would be shocking if he is lacking in self-awareness to
             | that extent.
        
               | formerkrogemp wrote:
               | > It would be shocking if he is lacking in self-awareness
               | to that extent.
               | 
               | 'Ol Musky missing self-awareness? Surely, you jest Mr.
               | Spock!
        
               | Sebb767 wrote:
               | There's a lot of things Elon is not, but he definitely is
               | a smart business man and he can manage hype.
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | He typically creates massive hype, well over what he
               | could possibly deliver, not sure I've ever seen him
               | temper hype.
               | 
               | Just remember the launch of Tesla auto-pilot, where he
               | was promising full self driving within a year or two, so
               | good that you would let your car work as a taxi while you
               | don't need it and it would become a passive stream of
               | income so great you would see your investment back in
               | around a year! He actually said "our goal is to make Ilit
               | financially irresponsible to buy any other car". This is
               | not a man who "manages hype".
        
               | elliekelly wrote:
               | His present situation with a multi- _billion_ dollar
               | agreement he entered based on hype and is now very
               | desperate to exit seems to suggest his hype management
               | skills have room for improvement.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | The question isn't really whether it dropped or not but
             | whether the perception was that it would have dropped more
             | without that fig leaf.
        
               | slg wrote:
               | This isn't the first time he has sold Tesla shares. He
               | sold billions of dollars worth last year too. I'm not
               | sure the exact dates to do the math, but did those sales
               | cause a immediate drop of over 10% like the Twitter
               | announcement?
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | That's not the right question, the question is the
               | _perception_ of the difference between selling $44B of
               | stock outright or selling it with the goal of buying
               | Twitter.
               | 
               | What actually happened isn't relevant. What is relevant
               | is whether he may have thought it would work better.
               | Tricky to prove.
        
               | slg wrote:
               | We agree that he didn't suspect the backlash from buying
               | Twitter. I think our disagreement is just that you think
               | he expected a large backlash from selling Tesla shares
               | and I'm not sure history really suggests that was
               | something to be concerned about.
        
               | robbiep wrote:
               | he wasn't (or isn't) aiming to sell the stock, he was/is
               | aiming to finance the purchase using his Tesla stock as
               | security. So this line of argument... Doesn't really make
               | sense?
               | 
               | This is all publicly available. Due to leverage, he faced
               | ruin if Tesla fell below X (whatever X is) if he funded
               | it all himself. So he opened his side of the deal up to
               | other people, and allowed other large shareholders to
               | come inside his tent - which reduced his exposure. Then
               | the market dropped 15%.
               | 
               | Matt Levine has an excellent series of newsletters
               | covering it.
        
             | mensetmanusman wrote:
             | But he has been saying Tesla was way over valued for over a
             | year...
        
           | openthc wrote:
           | More than one financial analysit/money manager has floated
           | this idea in our circle. It seems reasonalble; an pointing to
           | the last time he sold a bunch (11B?) and told everyone it was
           | to pay his taxes. They seem to think it was to just convert
           | some high-risk (TSLA) to low risk (Cash, etc).
        
             | the_biot wrote:
             | That sounds reasonably logical, but by what measure of
             | logic is overpaying for Twitter, of all assets, a good
             | deal? There are surely better companies to do this sort of
             | thing with, _and_ end up with an actually valuable asset at
             | the end of it.
        
               | Sebb767 wrote:
               | According to this theory, he never intended to buy
               | Twitter. He just used the offer to liquidate stock
               | without raising too many eyebrows and now he's backing
               | out, with a few billion extra in cash and, if everything
               | works out for him, not even a termination fee.
        
               | spfzero wrote:
               | I agree with you. If the object was to convert overvalued
               | stock, you would not just convert it to another
               | overvalued stock, right?
        
               | macintux wrote:
               | Notice that he is not, in fact, converting it.
        
               | openthc wrote:
               | To over simplify: it's the trick of a illusionist; look
               | over there! Something interesting (now switch the rabbit
               | for the dove or whatever). So while GenPop is looking at
               | this noisy deal; he's able to shuffle around money in
               | three(?) ways -- where the net result is to reduce the
               | TSLA holdings w/o too much penalty (or somethign). I'm
               | not smart or rich enough to fully understand. The logic
               | is distraction to execute a big dollar amount shift in
               | equity positions.
        
           | BenoitEssiambre wrote:
           | I also read somewhere that if Elon ran Twitter into the
           | ground in the next decade, using it just to advertise Tesla
           | cars, he would have paid an amount in line with what GM pays
           | for advertising their cars (at least what they paid pre-
           | pandemic) https://www.statista.com/statistics/286522/general-
           | motors-ad....
           | 
           | It blows my mind how much (non Tesla) car companies spend
           | just on advertising.
        
             | freemint wrote:
             | Well he pays for advertising. Tesla flame throwers, Tesla
             | whistles and so on are campaigns.
        
           | fisherjeff wrote:
           | Sure but then why skip diligence? That would be the ideal
           | time to sell lots of Tesla stock and eventually say "You know
           | what? Nah" without any sticky legal issues.
        
             | pclmulqdq wrote:
             | Most people do not liquidate billions of assets while
             | waiting for due diligence to go through. They wait for
             | diligence, then liquidate the assets.
        
               | fisherjeff wrote:
               | Well yes, but most people also intend to actually go
               | through with an acquisition
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | pryce wrote:
           | If someone's stock is as incredibly overinflated as Tesla has
           | been for so long, choosing the most effective way to
           | liquidate stock without triggering a run becomes a social
           | engineering problem with the incentive of a multi-billion
           | dollar payoff.
           | 
           | Honestly I think other people trying to read this situation
           | in some way that ignores a _multi billion dollar incentive
           | just sitting there_ is utterly naive.
        
             | spfzero wrote:
             | I think the incentive you mean is to move out of a stock
             | you think is overvalued (I agree about that). But that
             | works with any purchase, not just Twitter. And with that
             | motive in mind, Twitter would be a really unwise company to
             | buy, when there are so many companies available with actual
             | asset value around. Wouldn't you rather buy something with
             | your over-inflated stock that had some value-preservation
             | attributes? For example, you could buy a mining stock, or a
             | railroad. With Twitter, you're going from the frying pan
             | into the fire.
        
               | datavirtue wrote:
               | He could sit next to whatever dark lord descendents
               | currently run Ford, for less. But that would make Tesla
               | into a serious car company; which is a real business
               | deal, for someone serious about changing the world.
               | 
               | This is just one of the impacts of the high potency
               | products at the local cannabis dispensary. You can't
               | function if you wake and bake on that shit.
        
               | throwaway09223 wrote:
               | According to the above theory, a value move (diversifying
               | from TSLA to something else) is precisely what must be
               | avoided.
               | 
               | The move would _have_ to be perceived as financially
               | irrational for it to be operable in terms of distracting
               | the market from the diversification.
        
             | halukakin wrote:
             | This would have been switching from an overinflated stock
             | to a much more overinflated stock.
        
               | rmbyrro wrote:
               | The theory presumes he never intended to actually buy
               | Twitter stocks, just keep the cash.
        
               | behnamoh wrote:
               | But why would he need cash? To buy another company, or
               | start one of his own?
        
               | johannes1234321 wrote:
               | To prevent itbecome worthless from a Tesla stock crash.
               | Either putting it in the abnk or other investments.
        
               | floatinglotus wrote:
               | He knows Tesla is overpriced and wants to take some of
               | his money off the table. He knows it is due for a major
               | haircut.
        
               | yebyen wrote:
               | Why would anyone need cash ahead of a recession? I
               | wonder...
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | Gustomaximus wrote:
             | I wondered this early on. More so when I thought he would
             | actually buy twitter as Twitter had had some serious share
             | price decline at that point for over 6 months, so it's a
             | way to shift money from an inflated area to a more
             | moderately priced one. Plus he obviously likes the platform
             | in general.
             | 
             | If true, I don't think it's the case he did it intending to
             | pull out. Seems unlikely he would have signed the billion
             | dollar exit clause when he could have easily dragged the
             | initial talks on a bit longer for largely the same result
             | before 'changing his mind'.
             | 
             | My best guess is the offer was genuine (thought impulsive)
             | but as he's seen the price drop further, now his offer
             | seems too much. Why pay $44bn for a sub $30bn company.
             | Kinda simple but seem most likely than all these more
             | complex theories.
        
               | starkd wrote:
        
               | dubswithus wrote:
               | Musk probably believes he can grow the company into a
               | $100B+ company.
        
               | Gustomaximus wrote:
               | I feel there is huge profitability growth potential
               | there. If you look at the better quarters the revenues
               | can be significant. If you ran that against a lean
               | headcount and were genuinely A-political there's really a
               | money maker there potentially.
               | 
               | That said the risk is huge as the world can move on
               | quickly as we saw with MySpace. And Elon s becoming
               | increasingly a political risk factor himself in a
               | business were peoples view on the leaders/owners really
               | matters.
        
               | dubswithus wrote:
               | My point is he can pay more because he believes he's
               | going to make much more in the future. There is a
               | downturn but most people suffer downturns through life
               | and hold through them. It's just childish to back out now
               | but I would expect that from him.
               | 
               | His views really don't matter. Nothing happened to
               | Facebook and nothing will. People will just continue
               | fighting (tweeting).
        
               | themitigating wrote:
               | So you acknowledge the possibility that he acted
               | impulsively but think his other decision were all
               | rational and intelligent?
        
               | Gustomaximus wrote:
               | Happy to have a conversation with you on reasoning, and
               | apologise if I'm wrong in how I read your reply message,
               | it feels like a curt criticism statement, not add value
               | to discussion.
               | 
               | But anyway, yes I believe it is possible to be impulsive
               | followed by more logical decision making. This process
               | seems fairly commonplace in the world I observe.
        
             | Sporktacular wrote:
             | Minus 1 billion for a termination fee. Why would he have
             | agreed to that if it was his plan all along?
        
               | namecheapTA wrote:
               | Sell $40b of Tesla without causing a dip, is worth a lot
               | more than $1b. A 3% dip from news he's selling that much
               | stock would cost way more than $1b.
        
               | formerkrogemp wrote:
               | It's not just the potential impact upon markets.
               | Shareholders of that size have legal obligations as well.
               | If you own that much of a company you are specifically
               | and legally precluded from selling it all at once in many
               | circumstances. Bill Gates could not sell his entire
               | Microsoft stake all at once back in the day into an open
               | market as it might cause the security to drop
               | significantly and for other, legal reasons. Certainly,
               | the securities exchange act of 1934 requires disclosures
               | of certain sales of shareholders above a certain
               | percentage of shares of publically traded companies, but
               | also more nuanced and exacting laws regarding national
               | security interest prohibit the sales of securities and
               | ownership to specific parties or foreign interests. When
               | the scale of your ownership stake is in the billions,
               | that certainly limits the potential buyers of the entire
               | stake to a short list.
        
               | svnt wrote:
               | If he was able to exit his Twitter stock position after
               | the jump in price he created it would wash out the $1B.
               | 
               | If he exited TSLA to the tune of the remaining $10B or
               | $15B, staving off a 50% decline in that value then he
               | came out way ahead.
               | 
               | It seems very likely to me he will find a way out of the
               | $1B fee and end up settling for some fraction.
               | 
               | Of course if he just borrowed against his TSLA to
               | facilitate this deal, as I have read he did, then his
               | profit on the move depends on the terms of the loan.
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | He sold something around $10 (+/- 2) billion of Tesla
               | stock. The loans don't matter as they were (a) tied in to
               | use only to buy Twitter and (b) allowed to expire last
               | month.
        
               | labster wrote:
               | The $1B termination fee is the tip of the iceberg.
               | Changing your mind is not covered in the termination
               | clause, and his evidence Twitter mislead him is
               | contradicted by his own statements prior to the deal.
               | Twitter is owed substantially more than a billion. Likely
               | closer to ten.
        
             | mzs wrote:
             | You say _social engineering,_ I say _criminal fraud._
        
               | FerociousTimes wrote:
               | More precisely, securities fraud.
        
               | behnamoh wrote:
               | Is there any hope that this time he will pay for his
               | shenanigans?
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | We've had the Teflon Don, now we have the Teflon Elon.
               | 
               | I'm sure he'll be able to weasel his way out of this.
               | He'll spend a crap ton of money to lawyers just to be
               | able to say he doesn't have to pay for it, but he's still
               | paying for it on a smaller scale and not in public.
               | Anything to put up another W on the scoresheet.
        
               | XorNot wrote:
               | The counter point here is that the Twitter board is not
               | poor, and the incentives to force the buyout (or at least
               | extract more money from Musk) are huge.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Yes, and they are the side I'm cheering for in this
               | match. Even if Musk is forced to pay, I doubt it will
               | slow his twitter tirades down. In fact, I'd expect him to
               | come out harder to prove whatever his little ego thinks
               | needs to be proven.
        
               | bardworx wrote:
               | Isn't the entire breakup clause contractually written in?
               | 
               | From my understanding, the current choice is:
               | 
               | 1. Does Elon get sued by Twitter to force sale, per the
               | initial agreement, where Elon agreed to allowing Twitter
               | to force a sale.
               | 
               | 2. Does Elon just pay the billion separation clause and
               | walk away.
               | 
               | Do you see it differently?
        
               | jakelazaroff wrote:
               | There is no option 2. That was a proviso in case Elon was
               | unable to secure financing. He secured financing, so now
               | he has to buy Twitter. Or they can sue him.
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | The clause about the $1B penalty says nothing about
               | separation. That clause only activates if the deal is
               | stopped by some outside entity, such as the SEC, or if
               | the two parties mutually agree to stop the process.
               | 
               | In all other cases, Elon has committed to give them $44B
               | in exchange for the company.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | What reads like simple English to you or I does not get
               | read the same way by lawyers. Once lawyers are involved,
               | all reasonable logic goes out the window in my
               | perspective.
               | 
               | Ever since what "the definition of 'is' is", my whole
               | outlook on lawyers was just obliterated.
        
               | bmitc wrote:
               | Not for sure why you're downvoted, because you're right.
               | Lawyers do not operate on logical basis. They operate on
               | interpretations of logic. I found this out when buying my
               | house. Interacting with the lawyers was completely
               | miserable because they live in their own little world.
               | They expected me to just know things that they would
               | poorly specify, requiring several emails to clarify, and
               | then when I would point out mistakes, logical
               | inconsistencies, or poorly defined things in the
               | contract, they would just shrug it off or sort of
               | grudgingly fix them, seemingly just to appease me. Then
               | they would just dig their heels in the ground about what
               | the contract "says" because the contract "says so", even
               | though it made no logical sense. Because the contracts
               | aren't what they say logically. They say what they say
               | based upon a sort of colloquially agreed upon
               | interpretation of them. Lawsuits then center around this
               | colloquial agreement and not around the contractual
               | logic. It's an excruciatingly frustrating world to be
               | introduced to. I wish to never have to deal with lawyers.
               | 
               | > Ever since what "the definition of 'is' is", my whole
               | outlook on lawyers was just obliterated.
               | 
               | Is that in reference to something? Got a link or an
               | article or something?
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | >Is that in reference to something? Got a link or an
               | article or something?
               | 
               | Very much yes[0]. It was one of the defensive lines from
               | Bill Clinton. I was still in high school during this, and
               | it set me on a very bad path of thinking how to twist
               | anything and everything anyone ever said. After all, if
               | the pres can do it, then we should all be able to do it.
               | 
               | [0] https://slate.com/news-and-politics/1998/09/bill-
               | clinton-and...
        
               | elliekelly wrote:
               | I legitimately think removing Musk's account from the
               | platform entirely might be their best bargaining chip to
               | actually get the deal to go through.
        
               | beagle3 wrote:
               | They just reinstated Alex Berenson, apparently in a
               | complete win for him (details are not yet public)
               | 
               | Removing musk account, if they do thAt, might backfire
               | spectacularly.
        
               | elliekelly wrote:
               | How might it "backfire spectacularly"? What could Musk
               | possibly do to harm Twitter any further?
        
               | unity1001 wrote:
               | Not Musk but his gigantic fan base on Twitter would.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | "I said, 'What are you going to do, stab me?'"
               | 
               | - Stabbed man
        
               | beagle3 wrote:
               | Applying unrelated leverage between two parties is
               | usually not looked at favorably by court. And court is
               | likely where the musk/twitter thing will be settled.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | Though it's weird to me that it's fine to sell stock just
               | because you want to, but pretending you didn't want to
               | could qualify as securities fraud.
               | 
               | And that seems to be what the concern boils down to? The
               | issue of whether he defrauded _twitter_ is a separate
               | thing. (Though I 'm inclined to say no, because twitter
               | came at this in a very skeptical and careful way, and
               | normal fraud requires fooling someone into material
               | loss.)
        
               | drc500free wrote:
               | Intent is the core issue of most white collar fraud.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | I'd say that's because harm (and reliance) is usually
               | easy to prove.
        
               | bardworx wrote:
               | From my understanding, US law is based on King George
               | III, which inherently requires intent to be proven.
               | 
               | In other words, US law judges by intent vs actual
               | action/damage.
               | 
               | One example of this is: Credit Card Fraud is prosecuted
               | based on max possible theft vs money stolen.
               | 
               | https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/intent
        
               | canucklady wrote:
               | Mens rea is a necessary but not sufficient component of
               | proving a criminal charge - the defendant intended to
               | break the law. Actus reus is also required, which is
               | actually doing the act.
               | 
               | US law doesn't "judge by intent". If you try to murder
               | someone but you don't succeed, you don't get charged with
               | murder.
        
               | bardworx wrote:
               | Yes, I agree with you and I should have worded my comment
               | better.
               | 
               | To keep with the murder example, intent is what separates
               | 3v2, in most states. Yes, a crime was committed but was
               | the intent to cause bodily harm vs actions causing bodily
               | harm, without intent.
        
               | randcraw wrote:
               | Having driven Twitter's value down by $15B, I can't
               | imagine Musk _won 't_ be sued by shareholders for it,
               | since his claims of fake accounts are as yet unproven.
               | The same goes for the damages this little venture has
               | inflicted on Tesla stock. The SEC and FTC are likely to
               | cost Musk Enterptises a pretty penny in legal fees before
               | all of this ends.
               | 
               | The $1B penalty for backing out of the Twitter deal is
               | the _least_ of Musk 's concerns.
        
               | sem000 wrote:
               | Sure, let's pretend the entire market hasn't sunk.
        
               | CogitoCogito wrote:
               | > Sure, let's pretend the entire market hasn't sunk.
               | 
               | Why does that matter? Musk agreed to buy Twitter for $44
               | billion. If he comes through, that's the value of
               | Twitter. If he doesn't, then the value is something else.
               | The difference between $44 billion and fair market value
               | is just the expectation of investors that Musk really
               | will pay. So yeah the drop really _is_ due to Musk trying
               | to back out of the deal. If Musk weren't backing out of
               | the deal, then then Twitter's value shouldn't drop
               | regardless of the fact that the rest of the market has.
        
               | adgjlsfhk1 wrote:
               | it's somewhat hard to argue that musk is responsible for
               | the decline given that the entire NASDAQ is also down.
               | you might be able to find some contribution, but only a
               | relatively small amount of it.
        
               | ModernMech wrote:
               | But Musk set the price at $54 by agreeing to buy Twitter
               | at that price. If this deal were guaranteed to go
               | through, shares should be trading at that price until the
               | sale is complete. Trading at above that price means
               | shareholders would lose money at closing, and trading at
               | below means someone is leaving money on the table. Market
               | forces should cause the price to converge at $54.
               | 
               | The fact that it's trading lower means that investors
               | don't expect the deal to go through. And who exactly as
               | been doing his best to very publicly bring the deal into
               | question? Elon Musk.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | If he was the only thing dragging twitter toward $54, and
               | then he stops dragging it as hard, it's hard for me to
               | see that as driving value down. If he hasn't caused any
               | _other_ damage, that 's just twitter returning to its
               | natural value.
        
               | CogitoCogito wrote:
               | Given the agreement, it sure seems to me that Twitter's
               | natural value is currently $44 billion dollars.
        
               | bobsil1 wrote:
               | Having driven Tesla's value down (below the market
               | decline) by nonstop trolling, ...
        
               | gnicholas wrote:
               | Is it down $15B from the post-announcement peak, or from
               | pre-announcement? I'd think only the latter would hold up
               | in court.
        
               | maxerickson wrote:
               | There's a contract in place (that waves due diligence!).
               | 
               | If he entered into that contract with no intent to honor
               | it...
        
               | glenngillen wrote:
               | As Levine has repeatedly stated he didn't "waive due
               | diligence". It was a binding purchase agreement. It's
               | meant to come after all of the due diligence.
               | 
               | He didn't waive his right. He just opted not to do any
               | before buying.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | datavirtue wrote:
               | I have accepted that I will eventually see Musk put
               | behind bars--all of a sudden--by the SEC. I get the sense
               | that they are always building a case on him. He would be
               | a great "Martha Stuart."
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | SEC can only levy civil penalties, criminal (aka jail) is
               | another matter. Which they are happy to refer to the
               | relevant prosecutor, it just isn't their job at that
               | point.
        
               | miohtama wrote:
               | But this is only because everywhere, everything is
               | securities fraud
               | 
               | https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2019-06-26/eve
               | ryt...
               | 
               | It also does not make sense to do this kind of fraud, as
               | Tesla stock will surely tank on the news of it being used
               | as a collateral in an acquisition deal.
        
               | nazka wrote:
               | I knew it had to be Matt Levine :)
        
               | ycombobreaker wrote:
               | Nah, the "everything is securities fraud" trope is qbout
               | some (usually immoral) behavior that a shareholder argues
               | would materially affect the stock price, and which was
               | not disclosed to shareholders.
               | 
               | Elon Musk announcing some M&A news with the intent of
               | effecting price changes in TWTR,TSLA securies would be
               | pretty boring, vanilla securities fraud.
        
               | themitigating wrote:
               | That depends on the amount especially since he's already
               | been caught doing this when he claimed he would take
               | Tesla private
        
               | thayne wrote:
               | What's the difference?
        
               | pdpi wrote:
               | One's the technique, the other's the goal. Like smash-
               | and-grab and pickpocketing are two different ways you can
               | steal things.
        
               | dinobones wrote:
               | You say _OSINT_ , I say, you _just used google with
               | quotes_.
        
           | hertzrat wrote:
           | I don't buy it. Musk compulsively creates huge and innovative
           | companies. To liquidate stock, he could just as easily have
           | just waited until his next big thing and sold off his stock
           | then, once again, in order to pay for a non-Tesla venture;
           | and then either used the money for the company, or bailed on
           | the new company. Involving Twitter doesn't make sense and is
           | unnecessary
        
           | MichaelCollins wrote:
           | > _a ruse to liquidate Tesla stock en masse without Tesla
           | hodlers getting suspicious and tanking the inflated stock
           | price._
           | 
           | Couldn't he just have said _" SpaceX needs more cash"_ or
           | something like that?
        
             | pclmulqdq wrote:
             | That would be implying that a Musk company was in trouble.
             | They constantly are in trouble, but he can never say it or
             | else it breaks the fiction that Musk companies are
             | predestined to be amazingly successful.
        
               | FeepingCreature wrote:
               | Didn't he famously say it about SpaceX last year?
        
               | pclmulqdq wrote:
               | It was leaked from an internal memo. He admitted it about
               | tesla a few years ago now that tesla is in okay financial
               | shape.
        
           | 01100011 wrote:
           | Not just Elon but his brother as well.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | waynesonfire wrote:
           | why do people assume that all aspects of this transaction and
           | negotiation have been happening in the public and thus
           | qualify for all these folks here to make claims like they
           | know what's going on.
           | 
           | People here don't know what claims in entirety were made by
           | either party, and thus, it's impossible to speculate. This is
           | what courts are for and Elon, and his team, are not idiots.
        
           | napier wrote:
           | Neither of these hypotheses precludes the other.
        
             | caminante wrote:
             | No? "Cold feet" is impulsive. Whereas a disguised
             | liquidation is calculated.
             | 
             | Regardless, the fall in share price likely drove the
             | outcome.
        
           | imranhou wrote:
           | I doubt that is the case, because of such a flimsy reason
           | chosen to back out of the twitter deal, if the plan was all
           | along to create a ruse deal, I think the exit would have been
           | better planned
        
           | thesausageking wrote:
           | Note that Josh has been a huge Tesla (and Musk) critic for
           | years, starting as far back as this 2010 tweet:
           | 
           | https://twitter.com/wolfejosh/status/19430106783023104
           | 
           | He's called Tesla a "fraud" and that it would collapse many,
           | many times while it's just kept going up and up and up over
           | the last decade. For example:
           | 
           | https://twitter.com/wolfejosh/status/1178486986790854658
           | 
           | https://twitter.com/wolfejosh/status/1074055027021369344
        
             | FireBeyond wrote:
             | And?
             | 
             | Is it Josh's fault that the market has listened to Musk
             | when he's said, every year since 2016, that FSD is "coming,
             | this year, for real"?
        
           | entropicgravity wrote:
           | The Go masters insist that every stone must have at least two
           | reasons for its placement.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | IAmGraydon wrote:
           | I tend to believe it's something along these lines. The real
           | question is why is he going to such great lengths to
           | liquidate stock? He is not the only high profile billionaire
           | who has recently come up with sudden circumstances to justify
           | the liquidation of massive amounts of stock.
        
           | qaq wrote:
           | Wolfe has being on anti Musk crusade for a long time.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | But is it true?
        
               | qaq wrote:
               | I would imagine there are cheaper ways to accomplish the
               | same goal
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | That still does not answer the question.
        
               | qaq wrote:
               | How would you find a definitive answer?
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | That is a very good question, monitor the SEC for clues,
               | if they bring some kind of action (which should either
               | happen soon now that he has made it official he wants to
               | back out or not at all).
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | given the SEC's regular lack of enforcement, their
               | inaction would not be evidence of lack of wrongdoing
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | With counterparties like Musk it doesn't pay to try to go
               | for some minor infraction, they will just lawyer their
               | way out of it or stretch it forever, but if it is solid
               | enough (and $44B might just do it) then it may well wake
               | up the dragon. To be fair, someone would likely have to
               | ask them nicely to do so because they feel that they have
               | lost a lot of money due to Musk's actions.
        
               | Sebb767 wrote:
               | Which ones? Basically any way of him dumping billions of
               | Tesla stock would've immediately popped the price. With
               | this action, not only did he get plausible deniability,
               | he also got a massive distraction on top.
        
               | qaq wrote:
               | Create Mars Foundation or do any other shenanigans rich
               | people normally do.
        
             | throwaway29812 wrote:
             | That's a strange way of saying he was right.
        
               | qaq wrote:
               | I have no clue if he is right or not
        
               | ChildOfChaos wrote:
               | There is zero evidence that he is right.
               | 
               | All we know are the facts, he agreed to buy twitter and
               | now he is trying to walk away from the deal.
               | 
               | There could be multiple reasons for that, including what
               | he is saying on face value or a dozen other scenarios.
               | 
               | He could still be wanting to buy twitter and use this as
               | a bargaining tool to lower the price.
               | 
               | You can say he was right, once we know the full facts
               | which will be once this plays out and since it doesn't
               | really affect any of us, speculating right now is simply
               | taking part in silly gossip.
        
               | kmonsen wrote:
               | Yeah and everyone knew for months this day would come.
               | After the stocks started falling in the spring there was
               | no way he would not try to weasel out.
               | 
               | In my mind this is an insane conspiracy theory that fails
               | occam razor, he was high and said we wanted to buy
               | Twitter. People made fun of him so he dug in to prove all
               | those stupid people. There is no complex deal needed
               | here.
        
               | majormajor wrote:
               | It's incredibly implausible that it's what he's saying on
               | face value because a million other people seem to
               | understand what Twitter was referring to around monetized
               | monthly users or whatnot, and the idea that he _didn 't_
               | at first and then realized this other number was actually
               | make-or-break is ludicrous.
               | 
               | Like, you can sign up for free. What's gonna prevent fake
               | accounts in that case?
        
               | ShamelessC wrote:
        
           | bandyaboot wrote:
           | Musk wanted to be warrior king of the internet edge lords. He
           | was not playing chess.
        
           | sulam wrote:
           | This is such a strange take. There's any number of more
           | effective ways for Musk to justify selling some Tesla stock
           | that aren't especially likely to tank it. On top of that,
           | announcing his intent to buy Twitter did in fact get factored
           | into the stock quite rapidly, in the negative direction as
           | you'd assume, because Twitter is not seen as an especially
           | good investment while Tesla has been.
        
           | divbzero wrote:
           | He's not the only one to float this possibility. It's one of
           | the more plausible explanations if you take the assumption
           | that Musk was acting rationally with forethought.
        
           | Mo3 wrote:
           | I mean, it didn't necessarily take Josh Wolfe to see this as
           | a viable possibility.
        
           | avalys wrote:
           | The deal includes a "specific performance" clause, which
           | allows Twitter to force Musk to carry out the deal. He can't
           | simply pay $1 billion and walk away, he's in for a very messy
           | legal fight. This pretext about bots is incredibly weak and
           | he's in no way guaranteed to win.
           | 
           | If this really were part of some grand master plan, I think
           | he would have left himself an easier out.
        
             | at-fates-hands wrote:
             | His legal team maintains Twitter is in material breach of
             | multiple provisions of the Agreement and appears to have
             | made false and misleading representations.
             | 
             | https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1418091/00011046592
             | 2...
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | Sure, but that's bullshit. Twitter carefully couched each
               | of this sort of statement in "we might be wrong"
               | disclaimers.
               | 
               | It's not like he came up with the "they're all bots"
               | theory after committing.
        
               | eropple wrote:
               | His legal team can maintain that the sky is a vibrant
               | chartreuse, but that doesn't mean it's true.
        
               | no_butterscotch wrote:
               | So what though?
               | 
               | Is Twitter going to spend the next few years litigating
               | this just to force someone to buy the company that
               | doesn't want to? Elon's team can drag this on and on.
               | 
               | What will happen to the value of Twitter's stock in the
               | meantime? What will happen to the value of working at
               | Twitter? It'll become a zombie company.
        
               | lightsandaounds wrote:
               | What will happen to the price of the stock is that it
               | will be inflated over the "true price" by risk adjusted
               | premium of the buyout.
               | 
               | Stock price = "stock price without Elon owning it" +
               | "Elons premium" * "likelihood of Elon losing the lawsuit
               | and being forced to buy the company"
               | 
               | That likelihood should never be less than 0, so I think
               | this legal fight would only help the twitter stock price.
               | 
               | I guess I am assuming that the "true price" is actually
               | lower than what Elon offered for it.
        
               | nmfisher wrote:
               | It's worth north of $20B to Twitter shareholders and they
               | have an (almost) rock-solid case. You can bet your ass
               | they're going to spend the next few years to fight for
               | it.
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | Yes, that's exactly what will happen. If Twitter were to
               | say now "OK, let's forget this whole thing happened" the
               | stock would drop massively: not only are they losing any
               | chance at the $44B buyout, they are also admitting they
               | (1) lied in their current contract, and (2) likely have
               | huge bot issues that they would rather not litigate.
               | 
               | The only option for Twitter to continue existing is to
               | sue Musk for the amount he promised.
        
               | politician wrote:
               | The downvotes on this comment are the clearest evidence
               | that people will downvote verifiable facts presented
               | neutrally if they don't like the facts, the people or
               | companies involved in the fact.
               | 
               | The karma hit at-fates-hands takes because people are
               | irrational is collateral damage.
               | 
               | Have an upvote.
        
               | myko wrote:
               | The downvotes are most likely because it's a specious
               | claim that Elon's legal team is making, not supported by
               | fact. He waived the due diligence phase. Twitter provided
               | his team with information. He's just trying to get out of
               | the deal because he made an impulsive and stupid
               | decision.
               | 
               | Parroting the statements of his legal team without adding
               | the context around those statements is going to garner
               | downvotes.
        
               | openthc wrote:
               | Isn't the context the link to the EDGAR documents?
        
               | politician wrote:
               | Neutral TLDR summaries are viewed as a good thing on HN.
               | Given the rest of these comments, the theme here is pure
               | hate for the man.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | kelnos wrote:
             | It also depends on what the Twitter board and shareholders
             | want. Will they want to get bought out and owned by someone
             | who clearly doesn't want to own the company, and may run it
             | into the ground out of spite? Certainly some shareholders
             | will just want to take the money and run (the agreed-upon
             | buyout price is quite a premium over the current stock
             | price), but others will be more interested in protecting
             | the future of Twitter as a company and platform.
             | 
             | Agree that there will be a massive legal fight, but my
             | guess is that it will be over how much extra Musk has to
             | pay to get out of the deal (beyond the $1B breakup fee),
             | than over making him perform. But who knows; only time will
             | tell.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > It also depends on what the Twitter board and
               | shareholders want. Will they want to get bought out and
               | owned by someone who clearly doesn't want to own the
               | company, and may run it into the ground out of spite?
               | 
               | Uh, yes?
               | 
               | The shareholders, and the board as their agents, care
               | about the company as a means to an end: and that end is
               | making money. They've already concluded the sale achieves
               | that goal.
               | 
               | If Musk wants to burn the company to the ground after
               | they cash out, they don't care.
               | 
               | Heck, some of them may invest in competitors after the
               | sale banking on that to make even more money.
        
               | raldi wrote:
               | Your second sentence makes no sense. If the board and
               | shareholders sell the company, "they" aren't owned by
               | anyone. The board is no longer the board and the
               | shareholders are no longer the shareholders. They're just
               | a bunch of regular people holding big bags of money.
               | 
               | It's like if you sell your car to a dangerous driver: you
               | have no financial stake in whether they go on to crash
               | it.
        
               | mlyle wrote:
               | > but others will be more interested in protecting the
               | future of Twitter as a company and platform.
               | 
               | Almost everyone votes their economic interest.
        
               | cycomanic wrote:
               | Except for many (most) middle and lower class voters?
        
               | themitigating wrote:
               | He's constantly dragged the company and founders through
               | the mud and the stock dropped 7% once he called the deal
               | off.
               | 
               | I'd sued and settle for a few billion instead of taking
               | the one billion backout
               | 
               | He uses his wealth as a weapon against companies he
               | doesn't like, just the mere threat he may get involved
               | causes massive changes in the stock price and in turn
               | causes investors to suffer financial lose.
        
               | behnamoh wrote:
               | > He uses his wealth as a weapon against companies he
               | doesn't like, just the mere threat he may get involved
               | causes massive changes in the stock price and in turn
               | causes investors to suffer financial lose.
               | 
               | Reminds me of Bitcoin "whales". It's a shame that this
               | guy is the figure that will take humanity to Mars.
        
               | johannes1234321 wrote:
               | > It's a shame that this guy is the figure that will take
               | humanity to Mars.
               | 
               | Not humanity. Only selected ones.
        
               | nerdix wrote:
               | You don't want to be on that train anyway. It only goes
               | one way. And it will likely result in a premature death.
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | > And it will likely result in a premature death.
               | 
               | Likely is putting it quite mildly - it's likely to cause
               | a premature death in the same way that throwing yourself
               | off the empire state building is likely to cause some
               | injury.
        
               | cycomanic wrote:
               | There was an interesting critique of Musks futurism by
               | Tom Nicholas. It definitely gave me another perspective.
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5OtKEetGy2Y
        
               | mwint wrote:
               | This comment is like someone saying they're eating pizza,
               | and responding "you're only eating a few slices"
        
               | themitigating wrote:
               | I think you mean the benefit of technological advances
               | from a mars trip.
               | 
               | A mars trip itself is only for those going. Most people
               | don't get a part of it unlike pizza which can be divided
        
               | mwint wrote:
               | So, how would you define "taking humanity to Mars"?
               | Surely you don't have to take _all_ the humans to Mars.
               | 
               | We'd all agree that Europeans (non-exclusively) colonized
               | the Americas, but not all Europeans went and not all had
               | the opportunity.
        
               | themitigating wrote:
               | You compared a tangible item being divided amoung people
               | to an achievement for humanity as a species. They are two
               | different things.
               | 
               | That's my issue
        
               | mwint wrote:
               | The Americas were divided among people (original
               | inhabitants, and later colonies), and many countries &
               | people weren't recipients. But I'd still say that
               | humanity has reached America.
        
               | frollo wrote:
               | > It's a shame that this guy is the figure that will take
               | humanity to Mars
               | 
               | That's just more BS from him. He'll just keep kicking the
               | can, resuming the project with some spectacular stunt
               | every time he needs it. Everything Musk does or says is
               | just a performance to manipulate the markets.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | I think the Mars stuff is the least likely to be BS.
               | There's been ongoing, real advancement towards the goal
               | for over a decade now, advancement serious enough that
               | NASA's picked them to land their astronauts on the Moon
               | with their Mars rocket.
               | 
               | A permanent _colony_ seems like the sort of thing he 'd
               | get bored with, though.
        
               | pclmulqdq wrote:
               | Someone's going to get people on Mars, but it's not going
               | to be Elon Musk.
        
               | FeepingCreature wrote:
               | Nobody else is making a serious try.
        
               | frollo wrote:
               | Establishing a colony on another planet is going to
               | require a monstrous amount of money, time and resources.
               | I doubt a single country could manage it (look at what it
               | takes to run the ISS, and that's a joke comparse to
               | Mars), but there are zero chances a single man, no matter
               | how rich, is going to do more than a dent in that
               | enormous task.
               | 
               | Solving the technology problem is just the tip of the
               | iceberg.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | You can't really compare what the government spends to
               | accomplish something with what a private company would
               | need to spend.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | > there are zero chances a single man, no matter how
               | rich, is going to do more than a dent in that enormous
               | task... Solving the technology problem is just the tip of
               | the iceberg.
               | 
               | Agreed, but enabling folks to get there makes it
               | possible.
               | 
               | Musk doesn't have to build the colony to have made it
               | possible, and it seems to be the thing his attention is
               | _genuinely_ invested in.
        
               | chx wrote:
               | > Agreed, but enabling folks to get there makes it
               | possible.
               | 
               | It doesn't. Getting a _few_ people to Mars alive does not
               | a colony make. And even that sentence is misleading
               | because while getting to Mars _orbit_ is certainly
               | challenging but that 's something I can see humanity
               | capable of overcoming with current technology. Although
               | we never kept humans in space for 2-3 years before which
               | is just the travel there so we don't really have any idea
               | what will happen to them but let's pretend.
               | 
               | Landing very fragile humans on Mars, however, is a much,
               | much formidable challenge. The heaviest object we have
               | managed to soft land on Mars, so far, is the 1025kg
               | Perseverance rover. The Apollo Lunar Module carried two
               | people and was 4280kg dry weight. Of course, you don't
               | need to ascend -- getting those people back to Earth is
               | not even considered by anyone sane -- but still, it shows
               | there's a problem here. And that was two people. And you
               | need _everything_ for them to live on the surface,
               | including air and water and that 's even more weight that
               | you can't just slam those into surface at the ~20 000
               | km/h the spacecraft will approach either.
               | 
               | It would be just about infinitely better if he tried to
               | show off with climate change combat projects. If you want
               | to show off, a vast forest would be much better, much
               | easier to achieve and so much cheaper. He could build
               | storage for renewable energy, these are also sufficiently
               | massive to be good for showing off. And so forth. There
               | are easy but significant things one such as him could do.
               | For a more formidable challenge, elevate the Brazilian
               | people so they don't need to burn the Amazon.
               | 
               | We already have a terraformed planet but the climate is
               | changing in a way which is incompatible with the way
               | humanity currently exists. It would be prudent to change
               | both -- while the change is inevitable it could be slowed
               | and humanity could change too. Once we bought time, we
               | can wait until material and other sciences make space
               | elevators possible and then we can send robots to Mars to
               | build a space elevator too and then we can begin to think
               | about colonizing Mars.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | If Starship can get reusable, zero-disposable flight
               | working, and on-orbit refueling, all of those issues
               | become quite surmountable. Mass to Mars (or the Moon)
               | ceases to be "what's the most we can fling in a single
               | launch", and the flight can be shorter if you can depart
               | Earth orbit with a lot more fuel. I can't find numbers
               | for the current iteration, but they were batting around
               | 90-110 day transits with the older ITS proposal.
               | 
               | You start talking about being able to build propellant
               | depots in Earth orbit, build Aldrin cyclers, send large
               | amounts of supplies (or even a whole station on the slow,
               | efficient route) in advance to Mars, etc.
        
               | chx wrote:
               | Did you miss the problem with the landing alone?
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | There's no problem with landing. The weight limitations
               | you mention are entirely a factor if the current "it has
               | to all fit in one rocket launch" limitation.
        
               | OrvalWintermute wrote:
               | Mars landing of objects is now a TRL9 problem that has
               | been solved already, and the science has moved forward
               | greatly [1]
               | 
               | Recent rover landings happened at what, < 1 M/S ? which
               | is well within the capacity of the human body.
               | 
               | Considering that Mars atmosphere is substantially
               | thinner, and gravity there much weaker, landing there
               | would be different from Earth anyways.
               | 
               | We are not currently employing any of the more cost
               | efficient methods of getting things to orbit in the first
               | place, for large scale missions of epic size, nor are we
               | currently employing the most efficient propulsion types.
               | 
               | The way I see it, the biggest problem is not one actually
               | being discussed which are the longterm effects on the
               | human body of living on a planet without a protective
               | atmosphere, and protective magnetic field [2]. If getting
               | mass to space becomes less of a financial constraint due
               | to more efficient launch mechanisms, then, shielding
               | would much less of an issue because mass in space would
               | be cheaper [3]
               | 
               | I think that much of these problems come down to the huge
               | capital cost, and unsolved problems around low cost
               | launches; the novel technologies that need to be
               | developed & turned into a new space launch system, and
               | no, i am not talking about traditional rockets.
               | 
               | [1]
               | https://engineering.stanford.edu/magazine/article/safe-
               | landi...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.nuclear-power.com/nuclear-
               | engineering/radiation-...
               | 
               | [3] https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2019/how-nasa-
               | protects-...
        
               | unity1001 wrote:
               | Our current technology is capable of doing everything you
               | listed and more. The problem is their cost. There is no
               | point to doing it while the cost is this great and there
               | is absolutely no monetary return from doing it. And
               | Musk's effort has been for reducing that cost so that he
               | could do it with the capital he has.
               | 
               | If need be, large countries that have the technology like
               | China, Russia, US could do it. But it would still require
               | gigantic amounts of capital allocation and effort at this
               | stage. So no one will do it. The biggest thing that is
               | happening right now is China and Russia signing an
               | agreement to build a base on the moon. (yes)
        
               | chx wrote:
               | Did you miss the problem with the landing alone?
        
               | bckr wrote:
               | Except that Mars is a terrible location for a settlement
               | in the next 100 years.
               | 
               | Bezos has the right idea, leaning into O'Neil cylinders.
        
               | kamaal wrote:
               | The hard part is getting significant amounts of material
               | into space. Once you do that you can do anything there.
               | Go to Mars, build O'Neil cylinders or even make your own
               | asteroid mining factories up there.
        
               | bckr wrote:
               | I recommend checking out O'Neill's book The High Frontier
               | where he lays out a plan for how to do this.
               | 
               | Keyword: regolith
               | 
               | Mars is at least 10x harder. The path to space settlement
               | is in our own backyard.
        
               | mkr-hn wrote:
               | The only catch is you have to build five of them.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | Bezos needs to learn to crawl before he runs a marathon.
        
               | iab wrote:
               | Books -> 1-click shopping -> AWS --> Dyson Sphere
        
               | bckr wrote:
               | You missed the most important step:
               | 
               | "???"
        
               | zem wrote:
               | wait till he discovers Mars is full of bots!
        
               | cozzyd wrote:
               | 100% of active users on Mars are bots!
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | Notice of termination of Mars colonization efforts.
        
               | wbeebe wrote:
        
               | vitaflo wrote:
               | The board already willfully agreed to sell him the
               | company and the deal is even better now than at the time
               | they made it. Why would they also want to drop the deal?
               | 
               | The notion that the board is all of a sudden worried
               | about what Musk might do with Twitter is about as silly
               | as Musk thinking he can weasel his way out of a binding
               | contract he already signed.
        
             | runarberg wrote:
             | Never underestimate the incompetence of the average human.
             | Doubly so if they are rich and powerful. In fact if a
             | master plan has several fatal flaws on closer inspection,
             | then that's just evidence that the perpetrator just didn't
             | think it all through before executing.
             | 
             | If you watch an amateur chess game you'll find that most
             | players actually have some master plan, but don't have the
             | skills to see the flaws, or even if the plan is perfect,
             | they don't have the skills to play it through either.
             | 
             | My sniff test for any conspiracy theory actually involves
             | incompetence. The more competent the plan and execution
             | need to be, the less likely it is to be a conspiracy.
        
               | abc_lisper wrote:
               | > The more competent the plan and execution need to be,
               | the less likely it is to be a conspiracy.
               | 
               | That's a great point. Thank you :)
        
               | aetherson wrote:
               | What is a theory you have dismissed because it seems too
               | competent?
        
               | notahacker wrote:
               | It's a pretty universal reason to dismiss or at least
               | cast serious doubt on conspiracy theories. A close cousin
               | of Ockham's Razor and Hanlon's Law
               | 
               | The amount of competence required to prepare a controlled
               | demolition of a 110 storey trade center which is occupied
               | 24/7 and full of cameras _without anyone noticing and
               | associating this prep work with the much publicised plane
               | crashes that happened afterwards_ would be staggering,
               | even before considering the insanity of such a scheme.
               | 
               | At the risk of opening a can of worms, the best evidence
               | against the considerably more plausible "lab-leak" COVID
               | theory is that manufacturing an alternative chain of
               | evidence that convinces most unconnected foreign experts
               | of an alternative theory (which still points at Wuhan and
               | Chinese market regulations) when they have plenty of
               | reason to find fault with it requires a _lot_ of
               | competence, as well as totally the opposite approach to
               | China 's usual way of suppressing stories.
        
               | espadrine wrote:
               | For me, flat Earth. The sheer skill necessary to bribe or
               | convince so many governments to gaslight their
               | population, the incredible optics and geodesics work
               | necessary to fake a curved horizon in a plane window and
               | have consistent flight durations, and the maintenance of
               | shadow power across millenia, paints the picture of a
               | group of people way beyond what human competence can
               | achieve.
               | 
               | Of course, there are simpler examples, like John Titor,
               | or Pierre de Fermat's last theorem proof that he would
               | have done all in his head.
        
               | nerdponx wrote:
               | Not GP, but chemtrails and flat earth are obvious ones.
        
               | runarberg wrote:
               | The fake moon landing conspiracy is a good example. Then
               | number of people involved would be pretty big, and the
               | science is complicated. The logistics behind such a big
               | secret operation requires such skill that it is hard to
               | believe anyone would be able to pull it off. If the moon
               | landing was truly fake surely they would have messed up
               | somewhere.
               | 
               | On the other hand many things went wrong in the actual
               | moon landing. There were liftoffs that failed,
               | experiments that went nowhere, targets that were missed,
               | and even people that died. The actual moon landing was a
               | hard task they succeeded at while making a ton of
               | mistakes in the process, just like humans do in the real
               | world when we are at our best.
        
               | aetherson wrote:
               | Okay, I agree that the fake moon landing conspiracy would
               | have involved an excessive amount of competence to
               | believe.
               | 
               | That seems pretty different from, "If your entire plan is
               | to back out of a contract, add a clause to the contract
               | that lets you back out of it."
        
               | runarberg wrote:
               | Indeed it is different. My point was simply that
               | incompetence is _not_ evidence against conspiracy. My
               | sniff test was simply emphasizing this point. Further, a
               | sniff test is--by definition--not supposed to be your
               | only marker in evaluating a theory, it is merely supposed
               | to be a marker determining if evaluating further evidence
               | is even worth your time.
               | 
               | The conspiracy theory that Musk is using this twitter
               | scheme to manipulate the markets in his favor does not
               | fail any sniff tests that I'm aware of.
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | The "massive rocket" is also an issue:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sE-tpiAiiHo
        
               | avalys wrote:
               | I don't see how you can simultaneously believe that this
               | is some 4D chess move from Musk to allow him to cleverly
               | liquidate his Tesla holdings without tanking the stock -
               | and also believe he is too incompetent to make sure he
               | could actually back out of the Twitter deal which he
               | never intended to complete in the first place.
               | 
               | The fact that his supposed plan here has some flaws is
               | not _further_ evidence that it was planned from the
               | beginning, that's absurd.
               | 
               | It seems much more likely that buying Twitter was just an
               | impulsive decision for him that he is now regretting and
               | looking for a way out of.
               | 
               | I agree with you that many supposed conspiracies require
               | too much competence in order to pull off, and can usually
               | be dismissed as impossible to achieve in practice. But it
               | doesn't follow that, as a consequence, any action that
               | would be incompetent as part of a conspiracy should be
               | considered evidence that a conspiracy exists.
        
               | runarberg wrote:
               | I don't know if you've ever played chess against a more
               | skilled player. But when I play, I usually think I have a
               | sure way of taking my opponents rook for a knight, only
               | to realize too late that I'm stuck in a trap.
               | 
               | You only need to be competent enough to realize how
               | markets can be manipulated to initiate a conspiracy,
               | however successfully executing one requires a whole new
               | master level of skill set. Off course the people with
               | such skill set exist (as evidenced by the numerous market
               | manipulation schemes successfully executed in today's
               | business world) and if Musk was smart he would hire such
               | an expert to scheme it for him.
               | 
               | What we might be witnessing here is a business person
               | that is smart enough to realize that market can be
               | manipulated, and see a position to where they can execute
               | such a manipulation, but not competent enough to execute
               | a non-trivial plan without flaws. And worse not smart
               | enough to hire a person with the correct skill set to do
               | it for him.
        
           | Mvandenbergh wrote:
           | AKA the Lou Pai option, which is an extremely funny (and
           | almost certainly untrue) theory that Pai deliberately got
           | caught by his wife with a stripper so that he would be
           | "forced" to liquidate his Enron stock which he allegedly
           | already knew would soon be worthless without having to
           | explain the timing of that to a court later.
        
           | mikkergp wrote:
           | Couldn't he have sold Tesla as part of an offer that still
           | had due diligence and was in negotiations rather than waiving
           | due diligence and committing to a deal?
        
         | throwntoday wrote:
         | While I would agree his offer was absurdly overvaluing twitter,
         | and reason enough to back out after sobering up, if what is
         | being stated in the letter is true, twitter has likely been
         | committing serious fraud.
         | 
         | It has continually been one of the most underperforming
         | platforms of it's size. Head of Data Science resigning doesn't
         | bode well during a deal hinging on the accuracy of the data.
        
         | freemint wrote:
         | > I don't think any Harvard Business School course will teach
         | "the Musk Principles".
         | 
         | Well history is not yet written. They could be taught as
         | negative examples
        
         | pid-1 wrote:
         | He made risky bets his entire life and was mostly lucky up to
         | this point.
         | 
         | Most folks who subscribe to the "Musk Principles" aren't nearly
         | as lucky and go bust much earlier.
        
         | 01100011 wrote:
         | Musk has always had problems(especially with telling the
         | truth), but things seemed to really go downhill after he
         | started doing drugs with Grimes.
        
         | nixass wrote:
         | >But it's unclear to me what he initially thought he was
         | getting out of this
         | 
         | Answer: some sort of stock manipulation whether it be Tesla's
         | or Twitter's
        
         | oneoff786 wrote:
         | The market crash makes it impossible to evaluate. It was a
         | stupid price.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | zer0-c00l wrote:
         | What he was getting out of it was that he was/is addicted to
         | Twitter, and has an outsized view of its overall importance and
         | value.
        
         | whynotkeithberg wrote:
         | 'eccentric in his approach'
         | 
         | by that you mean straight up lying, attempting fraud etc...
        
         | jessaustin wrote:
         | _Either he was breathlessly arrogant or astonishingly careless
         | in the first instance._
         | 
         | Perhaps he didn't expect the Nasdaq composite to drop 2000 over
         | the next several months? That could have been careless,
         | depending on the sort of agreement he signed. I guess he can
         | afford a $1B penalty, but good luck finding another buyer after
         | that. It's not as though Twitter are overflowing with ideas for
         | profit...
        
           | mlyle wrote:
           | > I guess he can afford a $1B penalty,
           | 
           | The $1B is if there's some outside reason why the deal cannot
           | get done, e.g. because of regulatory concerns.
           | 
           | It's not a "pay a $1B break-up fee at your discretion to get
           | out of the deal" clause.
           | 
           | > Accordingly, the parties hereto acknowledge and agree that
           | the parties hereto shall be entitled to an injunction,
           | specific performance and other equitable relief to prevent
           | breaches of this Agreement and to enforce specifically the
           | terms and provisions hereof, in addition to any other remedy
           | to which they are entitled at law or in equity. Each of the
           | parties hereto agrees that it will not oppose the granting of
           | an injunction, specific performance and other equitable
           | relief on the basis that any other party has an adequate
           | remedy at law or that any award of specific performance is
           | not an appropriate remedy for any reason at law or in equity.
           | 
           | ...
           | 
           | > (b) Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary,
           | including the availability of the Parent Termination Fee or
           | other monetary damages, remedy or award, it is hereby
           | acknowledged and agreed that the Company shall be entitled to
           | specific performance or other equitable remedy to enforce
           | Parent and Acquisition Sub's obligations to cause the Equity
           | Investor to fund the Equity Financing, or to enforce the
           | Equity Investor's obligation to fund the Equity Financing
           | directly, and to consummate the Closing ....
        
             | jessaustin wrote:
             | It's all Greek to me. It seems we're always warned that the
             | Law can't be reduced to a simple formula. Scott Galloway
             | seemed to indicate in his gleeful "Elon pulls out"
             | emergency podcast episode that one valid reason to go to
             | the $1B penalty could have been that Musk couldn't get the
             | right financing together. Would it be so hard for him to
             | get some I-banker on the stand to tell that tale? Why would
             | any of the big banks care about the feelings of Twitter
             | execs?
        
         | slantedview wrote:
         | > it's unclear to me what he initially thought he was getting
         | out of this
         | 
         | You have to look at it from the angle of Musk being a troll and
         | a right wing figure. He wanted to impress his right wing
         | followers by making Twitter a more free and open place for all
         | kinds of speech (even hate, violence, etc). Maybe he realized
         | this was a bad idea and managing Twitter is more a job for a
         | grown up than a troll, so he looked for a way out.
        
         | anony23 wrote:
         | Possibly it's because the marketnshit the bed and he felt like
         | he would be overpaying under current conditions.
        
         | hourago wrote:
         | > He's clearly eccentric in his approach to decision making
         | 
         | Being called Eccentric is the luxury of the rich. If he was
         | poor one will say "irresponsible" or even "crazy".
        
           | ithinkso wrote:
           | It is irresponsible to do something eccentric if you cannot
           | afford it
        
             | kennywinker wrote:
             | It's irresponsible to do something eccentric when poor
             | people bear the brunt of the consequences because you can
             | afford to lose a billion here and there while people pay
             | for that with their jobs, homes, lives.
        
               | towaway15463 wrote:
               | Are you saying that poor people would lose their
               | livelihoods due to Tesla and Twitter stock price changes?
               | You might need to reevaluate your definition of poor if
               | so.
        
               | kennywinker wrote:
               | Well, are the recent layoffs at both companies completely
               | unrelated to that? How far do the rippling effects of
               | billions "lost" from the rich person economy go? I'm 100%
               | some people who were just scraping by have been hurt by
               | this. If only because there are 10 less good tippers /
               | day at the coffee shop down the street from the twitter
               | offices.
        
               | salawat wrote:
               | Considering the contagion that can occur whever far
               | ranging stock is discovered to be over inflated in price,
               | I think it's arrogant to look at these types of things
               | and discount what downstream effects could occur.
        
               | ithinkso wrote:
               | As opposed to keeping it inflated indefinitely so that it
               | will never burst
        
               | MBCook wrote:
               | The fact that an eventuality is likely to occur does not
               | make you righteous for choosing to cause it at a time
               | that's convenient for you.
        
               | thrown_22 wrote:
               | A job is a way to make money.
               | 
               | It is not the responsibility of a corporation to keep you
               | fed or alive.
               | 
               | If you don't like how a job treats you find another one.
               | 
               | This pseudo familial relationship with jobs that
               | Americans seem to have is one of the oddest mental
               | illnesses I've seen.
        
               | kennywinker wrote:
               | And the mental illness of worshiping billionaires seems
               | to have spread worldwide. Why else would you leap to
               | defend elon musk's erratic behavior, and carry water for
               | the damage he leaves in his wake?
        
               | thrown_22 wrote:
               | Musk is a retard, but he's still less retarded than
               | anyone who expects firms and the market to take care of
               | them.
        
               | hourago wrote:
               | Governments create rules that force corporations to take
               | care of employees. Maybe not so much in the USA. But that
               | can be improved thru higher taxation and better
               | employment regulations.
        
               | kennywinker wrote:
               | There's a difference between saying "wow that guy is an
               | irresponsible asshole for intentionally or
               | unintentionally fucking up my job" and expecting the
               | market or your job to take care of you.
               | 
               | I know some drivers will run red lights and stop signs,
               | so I walk and bike accordingly. I'm still in the right to
               | get mad when a driver narrowly misses me because he's a
               | self involved clown.
        
               | thrown_22 wrote:
               | >There's a difference between saying "wow that guy is an
               | irresponsible asshole for intentionally or
               | unintentionally fucking up my job" and expecting the
               | market or your job to take care of you.
               | 
               | There isn't. Have a nice day.
        
               | kennywinker wrote:
               | If company owners want credit for creating jobs, that
               | comes with the reciprocal responsibility of it being your
               | fault if those jobs go away.
        
               | thrown_22 wrote:
               | Jobs are a cost center. Companies don't create them on
               | purpose anymore than having a higher electricity bill.
               | 
               | I have no idea why you would think that is an argument
               | for anything.
        
               | kennywinker wrote:
               | https://mobile.twitter.com/elonmusk/status/10167318121592
               | 545...
               | 
               | Because they ask for that credit, and their defenders
               | give them that credit when you criticize them.
        
               | toofy wrote:
               | we spend over half our waking hours for often over half
               | of our lives spent working -- you think it's a mental
               | illness for a person to consider how all of these hours
               | and expended energy impact their life?
               | 
               | honestly, you think this is a mental illness?
               | 
               | and i think there are many reasonable arguments that huge
               | chunks of the world care far more about their jobs impact
               | on their lives than we (u.s. americans) do.
               | 
               | a mental illness? the way you say everything in your
               | comment, as if that belief is somehow a universal truth
               | is wild.
        
               | thrown_22 wrote:
               | You've wildly misread what I wrote. Please read the post
               | again.
        
           | cratermoon wrote:
           | To quote the great Crash Davis, speaking to minor league
           | pitching phenom Ebby Calvin 'Nuke' LaLoosh, "Your shower
           | shoes have fungus on them. You'll never make it to the bigs
           | with fungus on your shower shoes. Think classy, you'll be
           | classy. If you win 20 in the show, you can let the fungus
           | grow back and the press'll think you're colorful. Until you
           | win 20 in the show, however, it means you are a slob."
        
         | TheDudeMan wrote:
         | "Twitter has tremendous potential"
         | 
         | He may have been honest and correct about that, but later
         | realized that he simply does not have the time to be CEO of yet
         | another large company.
        
         | la64710 wrote:
         | Musk is a brown bag of shit.
         | 
         | He sent his selfie in a tweet response to Parag's tweet
         | explanation.
         | 
         | https://www.forbes.com/sites/abrambrown/2022/05/16/twitter-b...
        
           | redeeman wrote:
           | so... its just 100% unthinkable Musk is right?
           | 
           | edit: dont know why this had to be flagged. I guess some
           | people really take personal offense in that elon musk might
           | be correct in his thoughts about twitter daily bot %
        
         | IncRnd wrote:
         | Actually, these sorts of things are expected in merger
         | agreements, baked into almost all of them. It isn't unusual,
         | when the seller doesn't provide the required data for the
         | purchaser's due diligence that the agreement will terminate.
         | 
         | Who in their right mind would spend billions of dollars without
         | being allowed to "look at the books" regarding the spam account
         | ratio?
        
           | BigBubbleButt wrote:
           | Elon Musk explicitly waived his right to due diligence.
           | You're right about these things being expected, but Elon
           | can't be hampered by such standard conventions.
        
         | duxup wrote:
         | > But it's unclear to me what he initially thought he was
         | getting out of this.
         | 
         | The more it goes on it feels like "I don't like how twitter
         | works, I'll show them! <insert some less developed ideas of
         | free speech on the internet>"
         | 
         | Later:
         | 
         | "Oh noes if I do what I want here the result might be bad..."
         | 
         | It just feels like a YOLO business deal that wasn't thought out
         | the more this goes on.
        
           | redeeman wrote:
           | isnt it also possible he (some might say rather impulsively)
           | decided to buy twitter, and then upon further investigating
           | finds that his quick rationales no longer make sense if bot
           | traffic indeed is way above 5%? that perhaps he feels that if
           | it indeed is way above 5%, twitter is scamming?
           | 
           | is this just 100% unthinkable?
        
             | mlyle wrote:
             | Good luck with that. He tweeted, early on: "If our Twitter
             | bid succeeds, we will defeat the spam bots or die trying!"
             | 
             | Then, when you conclude a definitive agreement without any
             | provision for an "out" based on an issue that you've
             | already acknowledged knowing about (and hoping to fix post-
             | acq)-- you're kinda stuck with it.
             | 
             | I think the big issue is that with the movement in
             | equities, it requires him to overpay for Twitter with Tesla
             | stock that is much less valuable. Financing the deal got
             | much harder for him.
        
             | duxup wrote:
             | Wouldn't he have made that part of the deal if that was a
             | concern?
             | 
             | Fake followers and accounts and twitter's battle with them
             | is well known. Are we thinking he had no clue until after
             | he signed on the dotted line?
        
               | redeeman wrote:
               | but it is part of the deal, given that twitter says "bot
               | % is <=5", now he may believe that not to be the case. I
               | think its concievable he may have acted before he fully
               | considered whether that number indeed is true
        
               | duxup wrote:
               | Would he need to show it isn't true?
               | 
               | And prove that's enough of a reason to end the deal?
        
               | redeeman wrote:
               | one would think so, so it will be interesting to see how
               | he argues that, but the contract does include more
               | things, including twitter having to provide anything
               | required to obtain funding, which one would probably
               | strongly be able to argue covers data to independently
               | verify this
        
           | toiletfuneral wrote:
        
         | tempsy wrote:
         | This assumes he was serious about it at some point, instead of
         | just cover to sell more Tesla shares and free marketing for
         | himself.
        
           | labster wrote:
           | Gosh, I hope he was serious at the point he signed a contract
           | with a $1B penalty, or else he's the world's worst
           | businessman.
        
             | shakow wrote:
             | > or else he's the world's worst businessman.
             | 
             | According to this hypothesis, he would still walk out with
             | 7.5B in hard cash instead of 8.5B in Tesla share. I'm not
             | in his boots, but I see how it can be seen as worth it.
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | assuming he can come up with a convincing case that
               | twitter made material lies, otherwise he walks out owning
               | twitter for the cost specified in the contract
        
             | atlasunshrugged wrote:
             | Unless he thought he could be a big enough pain in the ass
             | that Twitter folks would rather walk away from the deal and
             | let him skate with a few million penalty while he
             | liquidates Tesla stock with little repercussion to the
             | share price (unfortunately for him, the market tanked in
             | the interim and now his deal is an absolutely amazing one
             | for Twitter shareholders so no way they let him walk away,
             | $1B penalty isn't even an option as this was about outside
             | interference)
        
             | jiggawatts wrote:
             | If you want to move $40B, this is just a two percent
             | transaction fee to avoid losing $200B by spooking the
             | public investors.
             | 
             | That's smart.
        
               | Hamuko wrote:
               | I was under the assumption that he was not financing that
               | $40B with just Tesla stock?
        
               | chx wrote:
               | He was funding it with loans leveraged against his stock
               | if I understand this correctly.
        
               | shuckles wrote:
               | If that was his intent, it's fraud and has (in theory)
               | criminal penalties.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | How exactly would that be fraud?
        
               | shuckles wrote:
               | The poster was positing that Elon lied about his intent
               | to buy Twitter in order to manipulate Tesla investors,
               | which is securities fraud. A public company executive is
               | required to be transparent and honest about actions they
               | take which might impact the company's stock price,
               | especially if they're on the other side of a trade.
               | Basically everyone who bought his $40b in stock or
               | accepted it as pledged collateral could claim damages.
        
               | Hamuko wrote:
               | Judging by his dealings with the SEC, I don't feel like
               | he respects the law all that much.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | I don't think the SEC cares very much what Elon respects
               | or not, if they can nail him they will.
        
               | ShamelessC wrote:
               | He's been skirting regulators and manipulating
               | shareholders for a while now. If they "can nail him they
               | will" was true they would have acted by now.
        
               | camjohnson26 wrote:
               | I think they've clearly shown that's not true ever since
               | they tried to take him back to court for clearly not
               | having his tweets pre approved, despite the settlement
               | over the "funding secured" tweet.
               | 
               | The man literally tweeted "Tesla stock is too high right
               | now, imo" and nothing happened.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | I see some difference between tweeting stuff and signing
               | binding agreements for purchase and using stock as
               | collateral at a particular valuation.
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | The tweeting came after signing binding agreements. You
               | may disagree that the tweets or buying a business are the
               | same level of seriousness, but the binding part of
               | binding agreement is the rule of law part of society that
               | makes all businesses work.
               | 
               | Musk not being reigned in by the SEC, when looked at in a
               | vacuum is probably not the end of the world or the US
               | economy, but it's not in a vacuum. Everyone watching
               | right now realizes that you can publicly enter into
               | fraudulent business deals that you leave at convenience
               | and there is nothing you can do about it unless you have
               | have better lawyers. That is gonna be super degrading
               | towards the ease of doing business
        
               | jazzyjackson wrote:
               | the man has plot armor, he can do what he likes knowing
               | that the Department of Defense is counting on him and his
               | launch platform for the next generation of space warfare
               | [0] - any efforts to reel him in will be met with a phone
               | call like Alexander Acosta, "above your pay grade",
               | "leave it alone"
               | 
               | [0] you didn't think Starlink's purpose is to let
               | fisherman watch YouTube did you?
               | 
               | </tinfoil>
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | No reason why Elon has to own it for that to be so, in
               | fact there is probably a long line of parties who could
               | not wait to be take it off his hands.
        
               | jquery wrote:
               | I read something that the Sec wants to nail him, but it's
               | also afraid of losing a Supreme court case (a la the epa)
               | that would totally gut its regulatory power. The entire
               | idea of the Sec relies on the idea of the administrative
               | state being constitutional, if they push too hard, our
               | unfriendly reactionary supreme court might snap them,
               | saying congress didn't explicitly say they could nail
               | Musk for x, y, and z, even if all the other pillars of
               | intent are proved.
        
               | rndgermandude wrote:
               | The "if they can nail him" seems like a big if to me.
               | 
               | If it is a scheme and he had no intention of ever
               | actually buying twitter, the government would still have
               | to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that he did it for
               | this fraudulent reason. Or at least collect enough
               | evidence to make him accept a plea deal for fear he could
               | lose in court.
               | 
               | It would seem to me that him backing out now has a bunch
               | of other very plausible explanations beyond "it was fraud
               | all along", including the one this document states, that
               | twitter breached their agreement by not providing the
               | data he wanted to assess the prevalence of fake account
               | himself. Or even that buying some "media company" is just
               | what billionaires do[1], but him being "eccentric" he
               | went in too hard and fast and is now backing out that he
               | has seen the backslash and/or has done some actual due
               | diligence, which would make him stupid and/or
               | irresponsible but not criminal. All that to me seems like
               | good ways for lawyers to claim there is "reasonable
               | doubt" should he ever get charged with fraud, unless the
               | government would happen to find some "smoking gun" piece
               | of evidence.
               | 
               | And of course it assumes there is actually political will
               | to nail him.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.investopedia.com/billionaires-who-bought-
               | publish...
        
               | __derek__ wrote:
               | He's publicly committed securities fraud several times.
               | The SEC has demonstrated repeatedly that it cannot nail
               | him.
        
               | micromacrofoot wrote:
               | that's smaller than a Venmo transaction fee (3%)
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | Not necessarily. That all depends on what he gained in
             | return. Unless of course he ends up going to jail for
             | fraud. It took a lot less for Martha Stewart.
        
           | ClumsyPilot wrote:
           | I would like the consequences of his actions to catch up with
           | him.
           | 
           | A Joe Boggs acting in this fgashion would have been taken to
           | the cleaners long ago.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | scotty79 wrote:
         | > Either he was breathlessly arrogant
         | 
         | Isn't that like more than half of his MO?
        
         | Natsu wrote:
         | Well, Twitter (and stocks in general) sorta crashed right after
         | the offer, too, so there's a real question whether that prior
         | valuation makes any sense any longer.
        
         | zouhair wrote:
         | Well his principles are mostly scamming tactics, because he is
         | mostly a scammer.
        
         | thethought wrote:
         | What my school teacher used to say about
         | 
         | - cold feet - impetous - eccentric - breathlessly arrogant -
         | astonishingly careless
         | 
         | pupils
        
         | taurath wrote:
         | He is a man who owns and can raise massive amounts of money and
         | promise smart people the ability to build something they want
         | to build. That he gets so much credit for his ventures is a
         | very strange thing to me given how many he has vs how few hours
         | in the day he must have to actually pay any attention to them.
        
           | burrows wrote:
           | So you think he would be more deserving of credit if he only
           | did SpaceX? instead of SpaceX, Tesla, NeuraLink, etc?
        
             | hartator wrote:
             | And Paypal.
        
           | WalterBright wrote:
           | If he isn't deserving of credit, why has nobody else managed
           | to do it?
        
             | AngryData wrote:
             | Most other people don't have access to nearly the same
             | levels of capital that would allow them to fail at multiple
             | millions, now billions, of dollars investments. And of the
             | few that do have that money they are generally fairly risk
             | adverse to losing so much when they can get near guaranteed
             | returns rather than making huge gambling risks. Especially
             | when doubling your millions of dollars would mean basically
             | nothing in terms of quality of life improvements.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | I.e. Musk did it and they didn't. Musk gets the credit.
        
         | parentheses wrote:
         | He relies heavily on his average decision-making ability being
         | way above average. By being this volatile he basically captures
         | surprisingly many good risky decisions. At the same time he
         | ends up with things like this.
        
         | drivingmenuts wrote:
         | Market manipulation disguised as free speech advocacy. Pure and
         | simple.
        
         | __john wrote:
         | I think there is a 1A aspect to his involvement with Twitter.
        
         | redact207 wrote:
         | My guess is he's hit that obscene level of wealth and realizes
         | he is now beyond the controls of the system, and can therefore
         | game it to his advantage.
         | 
         | When you can afford the best legal team money can buy and
         | payoff the rest of the gatekeepers, then the game is simply to
         | transfer wealth into your own pocket in bigger chunks.
        
           | godelski wrote:
           | Honestly, so what if he's out $60 bn. I don't think this
           | would affect his lifestyle in any way whatsoever. But it
           | would affect his high score. I'm guessing at one point he
           | realized the former but later realized the latter and cared
           | more about that. Though he's still got a 88bn lead on second
           | place so I'm not sure why he cares.
        
             | atlasunshrugged wrote:
             | No matter what it won't be him fronting all the money, he
             | had institutional investors that were ponying up a huge
             | amount of the dough alongside him.
        
             | notahacker wrote:
             | Not sure it's going to affect his probably-not- _that_
             | -lavish lifestyle that much. But since those billions are
             | in stock it likely it will affect his level of control of
             | companies, his ability to attract future investments and
             | his future decisions. Which people paying attention to tech
             | companies probably care about more than what flavour caviar
             | he eats and what schools his kids go to anyway.
        
           | cormacrelf wrote:
           | You can't bribe the judges in Delaware. They can force him to
           | go through with the deal at the agreed price, now at a
           | significant premium on market value, and it's reasonably
           | likely they will. This was not a genius move.
        
             | tzs wrote:
             | It should be noted that this is largely because Musk agreed
             | to it.
             | 
             | The normal remedy for breach of contract is for the
             | breaching party to have to pay the other party monetary
             | damages sufficient to put the other party in the monetary
             | position they would have been in had the contract not been
             | breached. Court generally will only order someone to
             | actually go through with the contract (which is called
             | specific performance) if monetary damages won't work for
             | some reason.
             | 
             | For example if we have a contract for me to sell you a
             | million microcontrollers at $1 each, which you are going to
             | use to make a million units of some gadget that you are
             | going to sell for a profit of $0.10 each, and I find
             | someone who will give me $2 each for the microcontrollers
             | and so let you know I'm going to breach the contract and
             | sell my microcontrollers to them, a court is very unlikely
             | to order me to honor the contract. They will order me to
             | pay you $100k, the profit you were anticipating making from
             | our deal (and probably attorney fees, and other costs you'd
             | incur dealing with the breach).
             | 
             | But, according to this blog [1] at Findlaw:
             | 
             | > If Musk tries to abandon the deal, Twitter could sue him
             | and ask for specific performance. This remedy is usually
             | hard to get, but Musk agreed to a powerful specific
             | performance clause in the merger agreement. In fact, he
             | didn't just agree that Twitter could get specific
             | performance. He promised that he wouldn't argue it couldn't
             | (forgive the double-negative).
             | 
             | I'm unable to think of any good reason one would agree to
             | that.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.findlaw.com/legalblogs/courtside/is-elon-
             | musk-go...
        
             | elliekelly wrote:
             | I think it's far more likely he'd be on the hook for
             | damages. It would be unusual for a judge to force a sale to
             | a now unwilling buyer. Everyone--Twitter, Twitter
             | shareholders, Musk--would be worse off with that result.
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | twitter share price is currently lower than what he bid,
               | so twitter shareholders would be materially better off
        
               | quickthrowman wrote:
               | Twitter shareholders would be worse off.. how? $54.20 is
               | 55% higher than the current after-hours TWTR share price
               | of $35
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | They can still get cash. Lots and lots of cash.
        
               | quickthrowman wrote:
               | I suppose shareholders wouldn't mind a special dividend
               | from lawsuit proceeds that captured a good portion of the
               | spread between FMV and $54.20, especially if they get to
               | keep their equity.
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | Yep, and I'd guess that's the most likely outcome.
        
             | bediger4000 wrote:
             | I'm no expert, so what makes Delaware judges specially
             | incorruptible?
        
               | D13Fd wrote:
               | Delaware sets the gold standard on corporate law, and has
               | a special courts of law and equity (the CCLD division and
               | the Court of Chancery) that are set up to handle high-
               | value corporate matters.
               | 
               | I don't think most American judges are susceptible to any
               | kind of bribery (other than jurisdictions where elected
               | judges may expect campaign donations from litigants), but
               | Delaware has to be among the absolute least likely to
               | have that issue.
        
               | atlasunshrugged wrote:
               | I mean, besides the fact that generally I don't think
               | overt corruption is that much of a problem in the U.S.,
               | the fact that anyone involved with this case will be
               | under a massive microscope and that Delaware as the
               | general standard place to do business deals with many
               | large transactions so this one may not be all that
               | impressive to local judges
        
               | cormacrelf wrote:
               | Their reputation and their being paid very well to handle
               | a huge proportion of corporate law in America efficiently
               | and fairly. They're a huge part of the reason everyone
               | domiciles their companies there.
        
               | bediger4000 wrote:
               | Ok. I had understood corporations chose Delaware merely
               | because of the anti-consumer bias in Delaware's laws, but
               | it's good to hear otherwise.
        
               | dwater wrote:
               | That may have been part of the original reasoning, but
               | now Delaware has built up the world's most reliable
               | corporate legal system, and companies like a reliable
               | legal system very much.
        
             | grey-area wrote:
             | Let's see what happens. I doubt very much the scenario you
             | outline will come to pass. Nobody wants this deal any more
             | and he can drag all their dirty laundry into it (bots, fake
             | daus etc).
             | 
             | This will just slowly fade from memory as the lawyers argue
             | and at some point they'll settle.
        
               | joshuamorton wrote:
               | > Let's see what happens. I doubt very much the scenario
               | you outline will come to pass. Nobody wants this deal any
               | more and he can drag all their dirty laundry into it
               | (bots, fake daus etc).
               | 
               | Twitter shareholders do. If I hold $1m in TWTR today,
               | this deal going through is worth around 500K to me,
               | possibly more if we assume the share value now prices in
               | the buyout potential and will drop otherwise.
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | Carl Icahn or Paul Singer would love to deal with it.
               | They might well settle, but it might well be for $15
               | bill.
        
             | lovich wrote:
             | I think the past few years of watching the rule of law
             | degrade in both the public and private world in the US
             | means we shouldn't take any possibly off the table that
             | relies on the system working correctly
        
           | pclmulqdq wrote:
           | He's overleveraged and most of his companies are on the brink
           | of falling below the point where he gets margin called. The
           | poor sap wanted to rescue a few billions of dollars that
           | could actually survive a recession, but he picked the wrong
           | way to do it.
        
         | VectorLock wrote:
         | >But it's unclear to me what he initially thought he was
         | getting out of this.
         | 
         | The best hypothesis I've heard is that he was trying to secure
         | the raw materials that Tesla's stock price is made out of.
        
           | bredren wrote:
           | This is perhaps meant to be tongue in cheek but Twitter is
           | not just influential to Musk's concerns.
           | 
           | Twitter is influential to the concerns of Musk's competitors
           | and potential regulators who might stand in his way.
           | 
           | Regardless of its deflated value, (all assets were way puffed
           | up) Twitter is still extremely valuable.
           | 
           | Arguably, it is still positioned to be worth more than
           | Facebook.
        
             | VectorLock wrote:
             | "ha ha only serious."
        
         | nimbius wrote:
         | why not both?
         | 
         | the real reason he's filing the sec notice is the gas has run
         | out of the bullshit bus. nobody believes his due diligence
         | claims, the board just sent him a resounding vote of approval
         | to buy, and the legal pain train of that comes with anymore of
         | this childish foot dragging sideshow is pulling into the
         | station.
         | 
         | I'd be stunned if he gets to walk off with the billion dollar
         | penalty. too many financial guarantees and backings have been
         | made, and musks had an SEC crosshair on him for years now. they
         | know exactly what patent brand of bullshit he's peddling and
         | have shown themselves more than willing in the past to take
         | action.
         | 
         | musk can file all the notices he wants but i suspect hes about
         | to get ready for the billionaires version of a shotgun wedding.
        
         | CRUDite wrote:
         | He has made billions using twitter spamming Tesla and doge.
         | It's a playground for for the guy. And therefore cheap at
         | almost any price. But of course why pay more than needed. On a
         | more semi serious note: it must seem ludicrously easy for the
         | guy. He has laid it all out: Mars needs: VTOL rockets since no
         | infrastructure Methane due to atmospheric constraints Tunnels
         | for transport see also infrastructure Starlink see also
         | infrastructure Direct democracy via twitter ( imperator status
         | exempt )
         | 
         | Have as many kids as possible since it's obvious he will own
         | the solar system. He ain't gonna be that democratic therefore.
         | Just another dynasty but maybe the last
        
           | CRUDite wrote:
           | therefore of course he will buy it
        
           | vkou wrote:
           | > Direct democracy via twitter
           | 
           | He doesn't run any of his firms with direct democracy, why on
           | earth would he run his Martian kingdom as one?
        
         | chernevik wrote:
         | It seems like his lawyers aren't very good, and maybe neither
         | his bankers.
        
           | bink wrote:
           | It's hard to be a good lawyer when your client lies to you.
        
         | NelsonMinar wrote:
         | What a blow to his already tarnished reputation. Imagine the
         | conversation next time he tries to acquire a company.
        
         | bmitc wrote:
         | > he developed cold feet pretty fast after an impetuous
         | decision
         | 
         | I don't think it was impetuous. I think he did this all on
         | purpose and planned on using his usual tactics of
         | improvisational manipulation and grandstanding to get what he
         | wanted, whether it was Twitter at a cheap price, manipulating
         | the Twitter stock price to make a quick buck off of his stock
         | purchase, liquidate some of his Tesla stock, seed further
         | discontent on Twitter, spur on rabble around bots (despite
         | knowing full well that Tesla and himself have benefited from
         | Twitter bots and potentially even controlled them), drone on
         | about free speech in some sort of libertarian political play,
         | or whatever else. And it has all failed. Now, he's just gonna
         | let his dirty lawyers figure some way out of it all and move on
         | to the next scam.
        
           | marktangotango wrote:
           | I think that requires a level of competence that Musk has
           | failed to display in the past. Shotwell told an interesting
           | story once, in response to a question like "what's it like to
           | work for Elon?" She related an occasion when she got frantic
           | calls from a meeting Musk was in. In the meeting he had
           | decided to cancel Falcon Heavy to meet a schedule for
           | something else. Shotwell went in and reminded everyone (Elon)
           | they had customers who had already paid for Falcon Heavy and
           | cancelling it wasn't an option and to find another solution.
           | Elon responded like "oh yeah, ok well...."
           | 
           | Then there was BTC to purchase Tesla cars, then there was
           | Doge. The point being I think these types of things indicate
           | Musk, like a lot of smart people can be really, really dumb
           | sometimes. Also a bit Hanlons Razor.
        
             | bmitc wrote:
             | I agree with that. I don't consider him intelligent at all.
             | My suspicion is that it's just a case of him having a loose
             | collection of these outcomes that he considers wins, and
             | then he just kicks it off, hoping he can manipulate things
             | along the way towards one of his wins. I don't think he has
             | an actual plan. He's an improvisational manipulator, very
             | similar to a former president.
             | 
             | Then again, it seems the main "win" he often has in mind is
             | just getting attention, so maybe his need for attention
             | exceeds even what I thought.
        
       | ivraatiems wrote:
       | The best thing that could come out of this would be Twitter
       | forcing Elon to make the purchase, then Elon closing the company
       | down out of spite.
       | 
       | In that case, everybody I don't like loses, which is pretty close
       | to me winning, I think.
        
         | nolok wrote:
         | His buying offer includes a fair number of Co financers, he
         | can't just close on them. You just have to look at what
         | happened to solar city (or even the genesis of starlink as a
         | feeder for SpaceX) to know that not screwing with his big
         | investors is the one thing he seems to take seriously without
         | letting his ego screw it all up.
        
         | tux2bsd wrote:
         | He could hide all existing tweets but have one last tweet: I
         | won.
        
         | rcMgD2BwE72F wrote:
         | Facebook would be winning big time.
        
           | ivraatiems wrote:
           | Ugh, good point. They're doing a decent job of virtually
           | digging their own meta grave, though.
        
       | riffic wrote:
       | Federated social networking based on W3C ActivityPub or a
       | successor protocol will eclipse Twitter on a slow, but finite
       | timeframe.
       | 
       | Twitter could even build a business model around that - They can
       | manage hosting and the sales of Twitter services as a SaaS on
       | your own domain name like Office 365, Google Workspace.
       | 
       | Or someone could snatch this market right now with their own
       | first-mover advantage (I can see Mastodon gGmbH positioned to do
       | so). I'd do it myself if I had the time and energy.
        
       | sizzzzlerz wrote:
       | One senses there are hoards of lawyers out there gleefully
       | rubbing their hands together and salivating over the feasting to
       | come.
        
         | encryptluks2 wrote:
         | And they know Musk is a fool.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | fffox wrote:
       | Most people seem to be giving him the benefit of the doubt that
       | he has cold feet. Personally, I think this was sabotage, he had
       | no intention of buying Twitter in the first place and this was
       | just a ploy to fuck with Twitter.
        
         | trixie_ wrote:
         | Yes it's all a conspiracy and he's playing 5 dimensional chess.
        
         | TillE wrote:
         | Doesn't really add up, because he's going to be forced to go
         | through with the deal anyway. I haven't heard a single lawyer
         | with relevant expertise suggest otherwise.
         | 
         | Since that's where we're going to end up, it would be much
         | simpler for him to just cleanly buy Twitter, for whatever
         | purpose he intends.
        
           | fffox wrote:
           | actually, at first he said he didn't care about the bots and
           | was buying to FIX the bots issue:
           | https://techcrunch.com/2022/04/14/elon-musk-buying-
           | twitter-t...
           | 
           | then all of a sudden he cared, after he had signed.
        
       | naveen99 wrote:
       | So is there a court that can enforce the merger agreement ?
       | What's the worst Delaware can do ?
        
       | r3trohack3r wrote:
       | I have very little context here. It seems the general sentiment
       | in the comments is that this attempt to get out of the merger
       | agreement will fail and that Musk will be forced to follow
       | through with the purchase of Twitter. At the current rate Twitter
       | is trading at, Musk will be paying roughly 50% over market value
       | to acquire the company.
       | 
       | So a question: if you believe Musk will still purchase Twitter at
       | an inflated price, are there any good reasons for not purchasing
       | Twitter stock? In other words, Musk has offered to give you
       | $54.20 per share, and you can purchase those shares for $36.81 at
       | the time of this comment. If folks are confident that this trade
       | will go through, isn't it a quick way (relative to 8% YoY) to
       | 1.5x your investment?
        
         | ceejayoz wrote:
         | There's a chance Twitter accepts 5-10B in exchange for dropping
         | their objections to the end of the merger.
        
           | peanuty1 wrote:
           | Why would they take a 5B settlement when they have legal
           | grounds to force the deal through for 44B?
        
             | CogitoCogito wrote:
             | In theory accepting 44B minus the current market value as a
             | settlement is equal in value to buying it 44B (though I'm
             | sure many large investors might prefer the cash and cash
             | out of Twitter entirely). But yeah 5B wouldn't cut it.
             | Though settling for 5B or 10B or something under the true
             | worth might be worth it if Twitter thinks there's a chance
             | they won't win.
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | Because there's always the chance you lose in court, and
             | years worth of nasty litigation is distracting and unfun.
        
         | sjs7007 wrote:
         | Small correction, he'll be paying 50% over market value, not
         | 150% more.
        
           | morelisp wrote:
           | He could be paying effectively 150% more, right now the
           | presence of the offer is propping up the stock - we have no
           | real idea how far Twitter might have fallen if left to its
           | own devices.
        
       | somenewaccount1 wrote:
       | I really don't understand why you all think Elon is going to pay
       | anythying.
       | 
       | The 6.4 provision is pretty standard, and often the reason for
       | deal to fall through, in that enough of the requested information
       | was not provided. You really don't know what was asked, what was
       | ignored, and what garbage data was sent back. You think Twitter
       | is all innocent? Pfffftt. Don't be evil, oops, i mean naive.
       | 
       | He doesn't have to prove fraud, or malice, or that it wasn't
       | worth it....all he has to show is that requests were ignored,
       | rebuffed even though they are reasonable, and responded to with
       | bad data. That's not really a hard case to win.
        
         | MBCook wrote:
         | I don't believe his purchase was contingent on anything. I
         | don't think he's allowed to back out.
         | 
         | Also that billion dollar number was not a get out of jail free
         | card. He can't just decide to pay it and walk away. It only
         | works under certain circumstances.
         | 
         | I don't believe your analysis is correct. At least it doesn't
         | match what the legal experts at CNBC seem to think.
         | 
         | https://www.cnbc.com/2022/05/13/elon-musk-cant-just-walk-awa...
        
           | somenewaccount1 wrote:
           | Those monkeys at CNN are just there to turn the popcorn
           | machine handle. I'll bet $100 gentlemen's wager his lability
           | won't be over $100 mill.
        
         | gsibble wrote:
         | Seems to me he makes a pretty sound argument here to back out.
        
         | hansword wrote:
         | Are you a lawyer? Because 5days ago, you wrote "I am a
         | developer..."
         | 
         | If you are not, where does the "all he has to show...." part
         | come from? Do you have a source?
        
       | gamache wrote:
        
         | kzrdude wrote:
         | He's late
        
         | BbzzbB wrote:
         | We'll know in a few months if he pulled out too late.
        
         | Invictus0 wrote:
         | Pulling out doesn't help after you've already spilled the ink
        
       | legitster wrote:
       | Did they wait for Matt Levine's article to drop today before they
       | submitted this?
        
         | Smilliam wrote:
         | No Money Stuff today :( Monday is going to be very juicy,
         | though I'm hoping for a special Saturday edition to talk about
         | how this is all so very stupid.
        
         | chrisbolt wrote:
         | No, Matt Levine is taking today off (as mentioned in
         | yesterday's article).
        
       | strangeloops85 wrote:
       | This is going to Delaware Chancery court, and if his ridiculous
       | claims hold it does turn upside down long-held general principles
       | of mergers and acquisitions that would affect.. everyone. I don't
       | think the court will side with him on this. In the past, they
       | have forced mergers to go through..
        
         | hwers wrote:
         | So embarrassing if he ends up being forced to own it and
         | everyone knows he tried to back out.
        
           | metadat wrote:
           | Embarrassment is the least of his problems at this point.
        
             | x86x87 wrote:
        
           | encryptluks2 wrote:
           | And if the SEC steps in regarding his selloff of Tesla stock
           | puts him in jail and he gets sued by their shareholders and
           | Twitter's too.
        
         | metadat wrote:
         | How much foot dragging does the Delaware Chancery Court usually
         | tolerate in these sorts of situations?
         | 
         | Asking for a friend xD
        
           | DelaneyM wrote:
           | Very little, actually. The Delaware Chancery Court is
           | arguably the US's most efficient judicial institution. They
           | don't mess around.
           | 
           | I wouldn't be surprised if it's concluded by EOY. If Elon
           | wanted to drag it out he'd have waited the full 6mo review
           | period before making his intent official, and Twitter clearly
           | wants it done with.
           | 
           | The only way I see this dragging out is if shareholder
           | lawsuits from Elon's filing "mistakes" or SEC actions (for
           | any of a dozen good reasons when Elon's involved) muddy the
           | waters.
        
       | crikeyjoe wrote:
       | Too many bots. Kind of like the boy brigade here.
        
       | partloyaldemon wrote:
       | Chancery courts will compel performance of this transaction
       | absent a showing of an material adverse advent. Very, very high
       | bar. The buyer is a highly sophisticated investor and the grounds
       | that he is alleging form the basis of the breach of contract were
       | and are public information that has not materially changed nor
       | been alleged to have materially changed since the signing of the
       | merger agreement. Moreover, and most critically, it is not being
       | alleged that spam accounts have any substantial impact on the
       | earnings of Twitter. Thus, the courts will obligate Musk to buy
       | the business as he agreed to in April.
        
         | rafiki6 wrote:
         | Yes, but even if they take him to court, it's highly likely
         | that Musk and his legal team drag this out. It's not going to
         | be a simple case. No contract law case ever is. And at that
         | point, Twitter's business might keep suffering, to the point
         | that their fair market value plummets, and they enter a very
         | difficult financial situation. Then Musk can swoop in with a
         | much lower price offer and they will accept simply due to their
         | financial position and not being able or willing to continue
         | the case in the courts. I think Musk will end up buying Twitter
         | but at a much lower price.
        
         | formercoder wrote:
         | Yeah especially with his filing saying he's waiving BDD. That's
         | a tough one to escape. He's claiming that Twitter has made a
         | material misstatement on their public filings. I'm sure that
         | disclosure has been heavily diligenced.
        
           | hef19898 wrote:
           | Worst case there are some wrong statements in Twitters
           | fillings. Thise have to be incredibly severe to have an
           | impact on Musk's obligation to purchase Twitter. A simple
           | filing error or mistake is most likely not enough.
        
         | icedchai wrote:
         | You may be correct, but if you think Musk will actually buy
         | Twitter at 54.20 now, I have a bridge to sell you. He can pay
         | enough lawyers to hold up this transaction for _years._ "Time
         | kills all deals", as they say.
        
         | cloutchaser wrote:
         | I don't think Elon is trying to get out of it, he's got 2
         | goals:
         | 
         | 1. Buy more time until stock market (i.e. Tesla shares) recover
         | 2. Renegotiate the price
         | 
         | Either one will probably mean he goes through with the deal. If
         | he is under litigation for a year so be it, once the stock
         | market recovers he's sacrificing a lot less of tesla to buy it.
         | 
         | It's a big IF though. If the US recession gets really bad and
         | the Fed stops interest rate hikes, the market could recover
         | very quickly. But equally if Powell wants to go the Volcker
         | route, Elon is fucked probably, the market won't recover for
         | years.
         | 
         | And in the meantime Elon's reputation I think is taking a
         | massive hit. And I think a lot of his new political allies on
         | the free speech side will be extremely disappointed. He might
         | end up with no friends on either side.
         | 
         | So he is taking a big risk here.
        
           | hansword wrote:
           | > buy more time until Tesla shares recover
           | 
           | The problem is that Tesla is massively over-inflated and Musk
           | knows it and many people believe that was actually the reason
           | for the whole twitter thing (Musk converting overinflated
           | Tesla shares to fair-market value Twitter shares). With Tesla
           | very likely losing the 'biggest EV maker' title to Volkswagen
           | by the end of the year, it here has to be some sleight-of-
           | musk for TSLA to recover.
        
             | jfk13 wrote:
             | > With Tesla very likely losing the 'biggest EV maker'
             | title
             | 
             | Since you mention it...
             | 
             | https://uk.pcmag.com/cars-auto/141332/tesla-is-no-longer-
             | the...
        
               | cynix wrote:
               | Very misleading to include hybrids in "EV sales".
        
               | hansword wrote:
               | Yeah, but this is only half-true. BYD produces as much
               | hybrids as full-EVs, so Tesla is still the biggest maker
               | of full EVs.
               | 
               | What I was saying: If you extrapolate year-over-year
               | sales of full EVs, Volkswagen will likely sell more full
               | EVs than TSLA sometime this year.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | Since it was shown in the last years that legacy car
               | makers are perfectlh able to transition to EVs,
               | regardless of market segment, I think we are approaching
               | the point of realizing that both, EVs and ICEs and
               | everything in between, are just cars. Meaning that purely
               | EV makers should be compared to ICE makers. What that
               | means for companies like Telsa is everyones guess, at the
               | very least so it would just be fair to treat Tesla as a
               | car maker and not some SV style tech company.
        
               | cloutchaser wrote:
               | Except they are miles ahead in battery tech, autonomous
               | driving, and supercharger rollout.
               | 
               | I wouldn't write them off just yet, they've got a lot
               | more innovation in their DNA than the old car makers
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | This is rubbish and proven wrong. Tesla claimed to be
               | years ahead, European Regulators beg to differ
        
               | ModernMech wrote:
               | > autonomous driving
               | 
               | No they aren't. Their sensor stack is handicapped and has
               | literally murdered people. Sure they have "autonomous"
               | cars in customer's hands now, but that's only because
               | Musk is reckless, that doesn't mean they are ahead. GM
               | bought Cruise which I would say is definitely ahead of
               | Tesla in their technology and ethics.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | I don't write them off, by no means, even if I was
               | sceptical a couple of years ago. Tesla will remain a car
               | maker for sure.
               | 
               | Battery tech, so, is mostly Panasonic. And other are
               | catching up. Esentially, there are ICE makers that _don
               | 't_ have the best engines. And lately I sae mucj more,
               | relative, innovation and transformation cing from the
               | likes of VW than from Tesla.
        
               | cloutchaser wrote:
               | They are starting to dry roll batteries, technology which
               | no one has achieved before. And many other production
               | innovations. And that was over a year ago.
               | 
               | They are most certainly miles ahead by now.
        
               | freemint wrote:
               | > Super charger rollout
               | 
               | US only, Europe those super chargers are available for
               | everyone. In some asia countries they are behind
               | https://paultan.org/2022/05/13/tesla-open-to-idea-of-
               | establi...
               | 
               | > Battery tech
               | 
               | Yes, others are catching up or are competitive,
               | differences are much smaller than expected improvement
               | over next 10 years.
               | 
               | https://insideevs.com/news/528346/ev-weight-per-battery-
               | capa...
               | 
               | > autonomous driving
               | 
               | roll out only, performance of the rolled out solution is
               | not so impressive. This is also because they use fewer
               | sensors.
        
               | ericd wrote:
               | Eh? VW is aiming for ~800k this year, whereas Tesla is
               | going for roughly 2M? Am I misinterpreting?
        
               | hansword wrote:
               | @EricD: I took historic sales increase year-over-year and
               | extrapolated from that, which led me to believe VW will
               | narrowly pass TSLA by the end of the year.
               | 
               | You seem to have better or more recent information than
               | me. If so, please share the source. Thanks.
        
               | pmorici wrote:
               | Apple sells less smart phones than Samsung. Yet Apple is
               | the most valuable company in the world and Samsung isn't
               | even in the top ten.
               | 
               | So while I think what your claim matters little as it
               | relates to the value of the company I also think your
               | assertion that this or that company will sell more EV's
               | than Tesla any time soon is more likely that not wrong.
        
         | ekianjo wrote:
         | > Thus, the courts will obligate Musk to buy the business as he
         | agreed to in April.
         | 
         | That last statement does not follow everything else before.
         | Courts have no power to do that.
        
           | NoboruWataya wrote:
           | Yes they do, it's called specific performance. It's not the
           | usual remedy for breach of contract, but in certain cases the
           | court will grant it. I believe M&A agreements are one
           | category of cases where US courts are inclined to grant
           | specific performance, but I'm no expert.
        
           | jsiepkes wrote:
           | Why wouldn't courts have the power to do that? If the court
           | rules you have no grounds to terminate the contract then you
           | will have to execute the contract as originally agreed upon.
        
             | drexlspivey wrote:
             | Can they force all the banks that agreed to loan them money
             | to go through with it?
        
               | ljlolel wrote:
               | They can force his banks to sell enough Tsla shares to
               | buy it
        
               | colinmhayes wrote:
               | The banks also signed contracts stating they'd loan the
               | money using Tesla shares and Twitter equity as
               | collateral. They can't get out of that contract just
               | because musk wants them too.
        
               | ryanbrunner wrote:
               | How Musk gets the money in order to fulfill a contract
               | he's entered into is immaterial unless he goes completely
               | insolvent and still can't fulfill it, which will not be
               | the case.
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | As long as Musk has ~40 billion of Tesla stock and can
               | get ~20 billion additional dollars in cash (can get, not
               | just has already), yes.
        
               | Ensorceled wrote:
               | They can force Musk to sell his other assets to complete
               | the deal.
        
           | CogitoCogito wrote:
           | Well the court could obligate Musk to pay damages. One
           | (simplistic) possibility might be to take the value Musk
           | agreed to pay minus the current value of Twitter and force
           | Musk to pay that. Then in theory Twitter would have received
           | same value in the end.
        
         | cryptica wrote:
        
           | encryptluks2 wrote:
           | Not how it works... discovery is limited to the terms of the
           | contract, not whatever mission they want to go on. Censorship
           | isn't illegal. Anti-competitive behavior isn't even part of
           | the allegations.
        
             | cryptica wrote:
        
               | woofyman wrote:
               | //Censorship is illegal because free speech is protected
               | by the first amendment
               | 
               | Only when the Government censors. The 1st amendment
               | doesn't apply to private individuals.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | Not sure how often it has to be explained, but the first
               | ammendment and similar provisions in other countries only
               | apply to the government, they do not apply to businesses.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
        
               | p1necone wrote:
               | There seems to be a huge number of people who have very
               | strong opinions on first amendment rights, despite having
               | never actually read the constitution. It's infuriating.
               | 
               | (see also: "well regulated militia")
        
           | goto11 wrote:
           | Is censorship via algorithms illegal? Doesn't all social
           | media platforms do that?
        
             | p1necone wrote:
             | It's not. This seems to be yet another person who is very
             | confused about what the first amendment says (despite it
             | being only 45 words long and written in plain english).
        
               | pdabbadabba wrote:
               | You're correct, but are being unduly harsh. Reading the
               | text of the First Amendment only gets you so far. For
               | example, it says "Congress shall make no law...abridging
               | the freedom of speech." But guess what? It also applies
               | to state governments, actions of the executive, public
               | schools, and all sorts of governmental things other than
               | laws passed by congress. And don't even get me started on
               | the universe of legal nuance packed into the other words.
               | (What is "the freedom of speech"? What does it mean to
               | "abridge" it?) And these are just the ten words of the
               | speech clause!
               | 
               | You're right that it (mostly![1]) doesn't apply to
               | private parties, but the text doesn't tell you much about
               | what the First Amendment does and does not apply to these
               | days.
               | 
               | [1] There are some fringe cases where a private company
               | takes on some First Amendment obligations by fulfilling
               | the traditional role of government, such managing
               | seemingly public spaces.
        
         | johng wrote:
         | What if they have willfully misrepresented the amount of bots
         | on the platform and lied about it to shareholders for years.
         | MAUs are a big part of any social networks valuation metrics.
        
           | ironlake wrote:
           | It's a terrible contract: no due diligence, a specific
           | performance clause. The only type of person who would ever
           | sign a contract like that would be a dumb guy who got rich by
           | accident.
        
             | joshcryer wrote:
             | Or someone whose ego is so inflated and actions are on a
             | whim due to being vastly rich that he just had a wild hair
             | up his ass and said he'd buy Twitter. Remember, the Twitter
             | buyout bullshit was _after_ he 'd done some shenanigans
             | failing to report buying Twitter shares. People complained
             | (on Twitter no less) and he literally went "oh well I'll
             | just buy Twitter then." Egg on face now that he's seen just
             | how utterly insane his proposal was.
        
               | sterlind wrote:
               | Musk really strikes me as bipolar or something, and that
               | he agreed to buy Twitter in a manic episode and now the
               | party's over.
        
         | postmeta wrote:
         | Twitter even admitted to overcounting its users:
         | https://techcrunch.com/2022/04/28/twitter-says-it-overcounte...
        
           | colinmhayes wrote:
           | Doesn't matter, courts won't rule that a materially adverse
           | effect
        
           | bagels wrote:
           | By 1%, and they corrected it?
        
             | yunohn wrote:
             | This whole article and their filings avoid using
             | percentages, specifically because it's misleading at their
             | size. Absolute numbers make more sense.
             | 
             | Regardless, "this is not the first time Twitter reported
             | erroneous metrics around users" is the problem with them.
        
               | Rexxar wrote:
               | Why you think absolute number make more sense ?
        
               | yunohn wrote:
               | Well, even by percentage, 1 in 100 users at their scale
               | is massive.
               | 
               | More context: https://dataschool.com/misrepresenting-
               | data/relative-vs-abso...
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | verbify wrote:
               | The article says to use both - not a preference for using
               | absolute numbers at large scales.
        
               | yunohn wrote:
               | Are you just being pedantic, or do you have a point? I've
               | stated my stance.
        
               | azemetre wrote:
               | Your stance is that 1% is a large amount, people don't
               | understand why you think this is a large amount other
               | than 1% of large numbers happen to be large figures.
        
         | HarHarVeryFunny wrote:
         | I believe the agreement between Twitter and Musk had a $1B
         | acquisition cancellation clause built into in, so if Musk can't
         | successfully argue for breach of contract he'll have to pay
         | this $1B break-up fee, rather than be forced to complete the
         | purchase.
        
           | softwaredoug wrote:
           | That'd be a nice infusion of capital for Twitter. And maybe
           | that's the best case scenario outcome that they're actually
           | hoping for.
        
           | papercrane wrote:
           | The contract includes a specific performance clause, so it's
           | not as simple as a $1B break up fee.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | A feature of modern finance is the blockbuster leveraged buyout
         | signed right before the market crashes: RJR Nabisco in 1989,
         | Hilton and Harrah's in 2006. Now Twitter, in 2022.
        
           | hef19898 wrote:
           | Porsche and VW in 2008 if memory serves well. Almost ruined
           | Porsche. Or Schaeffler and Conti, which almost ruined
           | Schaeffler, a private company at the time.
        
             | nl wrote:
             | The Porsche/VW thing was complicated by a short squeeze,
             | not the financial crisis.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | The short squeeze was an effect of two things (too lazy
               | to look up the details now): Porsche having funding
               | issues and tye complicated share structure of VW, the
               | short squeeze affected the class B(?, those with limited
               | voting power) of VW. Without the financial crisis,
               | Porsche could have easily financed the take over.
               | 
               | It was incredibly risky so. And the attemot was partially
               | driven by a feud between the Porsche and Piech branches
               | of the Porsche family tree, with the latter
               | "represebting" VW. All that does is show us that high
               | stakes decisions should never be taken based on
               | "personal" issues.
        
             | JshWright wrote:
             | It's almost like these things happen pretty regularly, so
             | it's easy to find examples that correlate...
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | There is a documented negative effect on returns with
               | private equity deal size. Record-setting leverage really
               | only happens after prolonged low volatility twinned to
               | easy money.
        
             | MandieD wrote:
             | I like to post that picture of a python that tried to eat
             | an alligator when Schaeffler's ill-timed purchase of Conti
             | comes up. Always good for a laugh.
             | 
             | Schaeffler survived, but barely, and had Kurzarbeit not
             | been a thing, it probably would have been a lot uglier.
             | Kurzarbeit is a lot of why Germany came out of 2008/2009 in
             | reasonably good shape. Better for pretty much everyone in
             | an industry to be working 80% of the time in their current
             | positions and getting 90% of their pay than for 20% of them
             | to be out of work and struggling to make ends meet on
             | unemployment - better for the workers, and better for their
             | employers, who can turn around much more quickly when
             | things get better.
        
           | brown9-2 wrote:
           | This seems like a great example of selection bias if there
           | are blockbuster acquisitions every year.
        
             | DoughnutHole wrote:
             | I don't think there was any implication that the big
             | buyouts before a crash are unusual - calling them "a
             | feature of modern finance" seemed to be implying that
             | they're inevitable.
             | 
             | Acquisitions become crazier and crazier as the market gets
             | hotter and hotter, with ever increasing purchase prices -
             | someone inevitably gets left holding the bag when the
             | market comes crashing back down to earth, and it's often
             | the greedier players who take bigger risks.
             | 
             | The blockbuster acquisitions that happen in the middle of
             | the bull market also often seem insane in the moment, but
             | if the market continues on the up after the fact then
             | they're remembered as sound business decisions rather than
             | as a symptom of mania.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _if there are blockbuster acquisitions every year_
             | 
             | There aren't. They cluster to varying degrees depending on
             | the thresholds one chooses. But the likelihoods are far
             | from uniform.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | stingraycharles wrote:
         | I actually have experience with this type of stuff, some
         | business tried to acquire mine and kept postponing, and ended
         | up with some excuse that there wasn't enough technical design
         | documentation, which would be a real-breaker. It wasn't super
         | big money, but also not small (high 6-figures).
         | 
         | I ended up suing them, won on all counts, and the deal had to
         | go through.
         | 
         | Unfortunately, this company simply refused to do that even
         | _after_ the judge ruled against them, and I had to renegotiate
         | the terms set by the judge.
         | 
         | That was one hell of a ride.
         | 
         | Point being, if Musk really doesn't want it, even if Twitter
         | wins a lawsuit, Musk will probably find another way to postpone
         | or renegotiate or whatever. In the meantime, Twitter is not in
         | a good shape, and this whole thing is probably hurting them so
         | much more than that they could possibly benefit from.
        
           | throwaway_2341 wrote:
           | < Twitter is not in a good shape
           | 
           | It appears they will make around $6B in annual revenues, I
           | think their financial performance is better than most social
           | media platforms, save FB. In what way, Twitter is not in good
           | shape?
        
           | rvnx wrote:
           | Why would you force someone to buy something they don't want,
           | whatever the reason is ? If they decided not to proceed to
           | the deal it means it was a bad deal from their perspective or
           | that it would put them in a worse situation. Essentially you
           | are taking advantage of them by forcing them. It's like if
           | you sell a very expensive "brown ice cream", the buyer tells
           | you he wants to buy it, and then when the buyer has it in
           | hands they realize it's not chocolate and you say: "but it's
           | brown ice cream, you are forced to buy it now"
        
             | ehnto wrote:
             | To get their money, presumably. If Twitter stocks fall due
             | to this situation then all the more interest in getting the
             | previously set deal to go through.
        
             | xmodem wrote:
             | Well, this probably doesn't come up very often in general,
             | but one reason for Twitter to want to proceed might be if
             | someone had signed a legally binding agreement to pay 15
             | billion dollars more than the market rate.
        
             | avereveard wrote:
             | The due diligence was done already, and this being a public
             | company adds a layer of regulation on top
        
             | ryanbrunner wrote:
             | "It turns out I don't want to do that" isn't something that
             | should be supported in regards to written and signed
             | contracts. Selling a company is a large enough thing that
             | there's downstream effects when the contract is signed and
             | both parties are committed, and there's a real cost to the
             | counterparty saying "on second thought, nah".
        
             | krisoft wrote:
             | From the seller's perspective? Because they own a thing
             | which is worth less to them than the buyer promised for it.
             | Therefore they can profit greatly from the deal.
             | 
             | This is not the story of some happless kid swindled by a
             | brown ice cream vendor. This is a sophisticated business
             | person who has, prior to signing a legally enforceable
             | contract to buy the brown icecream as-is, talked publicly
             | about how the ice cream is just brown and not chocolate.
             | 
             | Why did the buyer made that contract to be written and then
             | signed it? The potential buyer of the brown ice cream was
             | not taken seriously initially. Everyone, including the
             | seller, assumed that he is going to flake out and not go
             | through with the transaction. The buyer has seen that he is
             | not taken seriously, but he really really wanted to own the
             | brown ice cream at that time. So the two parties willingly
             | went into a written agreement that the buyer is going to
             | pay a lot of money for the brown ice cream. Since the
             | seller had concerns about the flakyness of the buyer, they
             | both instructed their lawyers to write the contract as
             | ironclad as possible. And what gives teeth to contracts
             | like that, is that they can be enforced through the court
             | system.
        
             | solar-ice wrote:
             | If he didn't want to buy it, he shouldn't have signed a
             | contract saying they are going to buy it with a huge amount
             | of fanfare, several lawyers, and initially against the
             | desire of the company. He knew, well in advance, what he
             | was buying, and he explicitly waived the right to due
             | diligence.
        
             | tgsovlerkhgsel wrote:
             | It being a bad deal for them likely makes it a very good
             | deal for you.
             | 
             | Also, letting them renege on the deal they agreed to would
             | likely put you in a worse situation than had they not
             | offered the (bad, for them) deal in the first place, making
             | it harder to feel bad for them.
             | 
             | Ultimately, if a business made a binding agreement, letting
             | them out of it to be nice is nice, but neither required nor
             | financially sensible.
        
             | CogitoCogito wrote:
             | > Why would you force someone to buy something they don't
             | want, whatever the reason is ?
             | 
             | Because they agreed to buy it? And because you stand to
             | make a lot of money. Doesn't seem that complicated to me.
        
               | notahacker wrote:
               | Yep. It's basically "why wouldn't you accept half your
               | wages if the company really didn't want to pay you the
               | full amount?" or "if you lend somebody something and they
               | decide to keep it, why would you try to get it back?"
        
               | rvnx wrote:
               | This is where ethics count.
               | 
               | I can see that here many persons would like to get rich
               | at all costs, but rich != success.
               | 
               | Selling a company (and even anything in life) has to be a
               | win-win situation, a world where there are only scammers
               | / predators around you would be nightmarish.
               | 
               | A couple of lines above, one person was explaining
               | selling his company for 6-figures, and forced the buyer
               | to buy at all costs. Now probably the buyer owns
               | worthless shit.
               | 
               | When you force people against their will, wtf business
               | practice.
               | 
               | What is the good thing to celebrate about that ? Also
               | when selling companies, employee depend on that. You
               | cannot have an owner who is hostile to your employees.
               | The new owners become hostile because they are not
               | financed enough (because they didn't want the deal), or
               | because the board was hostile and forced the take-over.
        
               | ryanbrunner wrote:
               | Ethics are important in business, but insisting on
               | ethical and decorous dealings with someone who is
               | brazenly neither of those things (i.e. blatantly ignoring
               | court rulings) is a fool's game.
               | 
               | Assume positive intent and work ethically and in good
               | faith, but if they clearly demonstrate to you that they
               | don't have positive intent, you don't need to be a
               | punching bag.
        
               | the_snooze wrote:
               | Musk voluntarily signed a contract to buy Twitter. No one
               | pointed a gun to his head and forced him to do that.
               | Contracts and words matter.
        
               | CogitoCogito wrote:
               | > Selling a company (and even anything in life) has to be
               | a win-win situation, a world where there are only
               | scammers / predators around you would be nightmarish.
               | 
               | How isn't this win-win? Musk gets a company for a price
               | he considered acceptable. It's the same company. It's the
               | same price. How was this win-win before when he made the
               | agreement, but not win-win now?
               | 
               | > When you force people against their will, wtf business
               | practice.
               | 
               | Against their will? He made an agreement to buy it. Does
               | canceling the agreement against Twitter's will somehow
               | not matter at all?
               | 
               | > What is the good thing to celebrate about that ? Also
               | when selling companies, employee depend on that. You
               | cannot have an owner who is hostile to your employees.
               | The new owners become hostile because they are not
               | financed enough (because they didn't want the deal), or
               | because the board was hostile and forced the take-over.
               | 
               | If Musk really no longer wants Twitter and wants to reach
               | an amicable resolution, he could start by offering $44
               | billion minus the current market value of Twitter.
               | Twitter might very well accept that or something close to
               | that. Then Musk wouldn't need to own something he doesn't
               | want, but Twitter would still roughly be getting the
               | overall value agreed upon with Musk.
        
               | solar-ice wrote:
               | Gonna be honest - once you are talking about billions of
               | dollars, nobody gives a shit about ethics. There's what
               | you contractually agreed to do, and that's it.
               | 
               | Nobody gets to the point where they either have
               | significant control over Twitter or have the money to buy
               | Twitter by being ethical.
               | 
               | An ethical person would not have signed an agreement to
               | almost definitely buy Twitter, intentionally giving up
               | several common buyers' rights on this sort of thing, and
               | then spend the next month and a half trying to get out of
               | it.
        
           | t_mann wrote:
           | Sounds like a very unpleasant experience, sorry to hear. But
           | I'm not sure it's a good precedent for this case, for two
           | reasons:
           | 
           | a) You were happy to settle, which sounds understandable. But
           | when the stakes are $44bn and most actors on Twitter's side
           | are but agents for Twitter shareholders, their chief concern
           | will be not breaking their fiduciary duties if they accept
           | anything less than the maximum amount they could get. It's a
           | bit hard to imagine how the legal bills for seeing this
           | through could stack up to even .1% of the purchase price
           | ($440m), and that's nowhere close to the discount that Musk
           | will be looking for (with good reason imho, btw).
           | 
           | b) In your case the other party _might_ have gotten away with
           | dodging a court order to pay (or at least made it appear like
           | that). That 's pretty much unfathomable if you are literally
           | the richest man on earth and live in the US.
        
             | Hendrikto wrote:
             | > It's a bit hard to imagine how the legal bills for seeing
             | this through could stack up to even .1% of the purchase
             | price ($440m)
             | 
             | That is 1%, not .1%
        
               | t_mann wrote:
               | You're right, my bad.
        
             | Terretta wrote:
             | > _chief concern will be not breaking their fiduciary
             | duties_
             | 
             | Let's not forget the all the blather from Twitter board and
             | leadership how their fiduciary duty was to _not_ sell to
             | Musk at this price.
             | 
             | Cramer even claimed the board would be personally liable
             | for accepting the deal.
             | 
             | https://www.cnbc.com/2022/04/14/cramer-twitters-board-has-
             | no...
        
               | mrtnmcc wrote:
               | Cramer's advice is a decent guide if you always take the
               | opposite opinion.
        
               | coliveira wrote:
               | Yes, following that guy it is understandable why he would
               | never be a hedge fund manager for a long time. When it
               | comes to investing he is stupid as a brick.
        
               | MrMan wrote:
               | he was a really good hedge fund manager though
        
               | belter wrote:
               | Hedge Fund Managers are also not the brightest flowers:
               | 
               | "The SP 500 Index Out-performed Hedge Funds over the Last
               | 10 Years. And It Wasn't Even Close":
               | https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/the-sp-500-index-out-
               | performe...
               | 
               | "How Smart Are the Smart Guys? A Unique View from Hedge
               | Fund Stock Holdings" [PDF]: https://jgriffin.info/wp-
               | content/uploads/2016/10/smart.pdf
               | 
               | "...Hedge funds exhibit no ability to time sectors or
               | pick better stock styles. Surprisingly, we find only weak
               | evidence of differential ability between hedge funds.
               | Overall, our study raises serious questions about the
               | perceived superior skill of hedge fund managers..."
        
               | bush-bby wrote:
               | But that's not the benefit of putting your money in a
               | hedge fund at all, the benefit is hedging against losses,
               | so that you don't have to worry about losing money when
               | everyone else is.
        
               | dahfizz wrote:
               | It's literally called a _hedge_ fund, not sure why people
               | would assume they are after the highest  & riskiest
               | returns.
        
               | t_mann wrote:
               | Historically, hedging was the reason when the first such
               | funds launched that allowed them to use a specific
               | regulatory loophole. The name has stuck around much more
               | so than the strategy, though, nowadays there are entire
               | classes of hedge funds that don't necessarily work like
               | that anymore (eg long-only, special situations arbitrage,
               | global macro,...). Nowadays it pretty much just means a
               | specific legal structure, if it means anything at all,
               | since it's become such a widely used term.
        
               | seanp2k2 wrote:
               | The hedge funds themselves get rich through fees. The
               | investors get robbed. Not sure why anyone still believes
               | in hedge funds.
        
               | sharker8 wrote:
               | The Anti Cramer portfolio is not a sufficient contrarian
               | approach, because the Cramer portfolio also underperforms
               | similar to a random walk. Put another way, the opposite
               | of a random walk is another random walk.
        
               | tyrfing wrote:
               | > Let's not forget the all the blather from Twitter board
               | and leadership how their fiduciary duty was to not sell
               | to Musk at this price.
               | 
               | Is there a source for this? I certainly didn't see it.
               | They _considered_ rejecting the offer, and quickly passed
               | a poison pill provision, but that was about preventing
               | buying the company on the open market instead of making a
               | deal like this. The offer was initially only a very short
               | note, and Twitter decided to sell within 3 days of
               | financing being lined up.
               | 
               | https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0001418091/000119
               | 312...
        
           | martin8412 wrote:
           | Difference being, Twitter has deep pockets and are highly
           | motivated to see this through.
        
             | neilwilson wrote:
             | Not as deep as Elon Musk.
             | 
             | When it comes to court battles, relative depth matters.
        
               | volkl48 wrote:
               | It really doesn't here IMO. They can both afford top-tier
               | legal teams.
               | 
               | Delaware courts are known for dealing with these sorts of
               | cases rapidly - there isn't likely to be any opportunity
               | for dragging it out for years.
        
               | blueboo wrote:
               | Is it clear that Elon is more liquid than Twitter?
               | Twitter has several billion in cash. Musk is reported to
               | have only 3b cash. Tesla and SpaceX may need his capital
               | to survive the downturn. They both have an arsenal of
               | options to raise further cash.
               | 
               | I realise Elon is a bigger fish but he is a highly
               | leveraged and constrained one...if anyone has more
               | insight into this dynamic I'd interested to hear it
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | You can see Elon sold something like $8-$12 billion in
               | TSLA stock in the past few months. Assuming it didn't get
               | spent on SpaceX or somewhere else (it was supposed to be
               | used for the Twitter buyout) he has more cash than
               | Twitter. But that doesn't really matter, at a certain
               | point the amount they spend in legal services will reach
               | such diminishing returns that it's not worth it.
        
               | achow wrote:
               | Twitter cash on hand for the quarter ending March 31,
               | 2022 was $6B
               | 
               | https://www.macrotrends.net/stocks/charts/TWTR/twitter/ca
               | sh-...
        
               | bsaul wrote:
               | How is twitter getting so much cash ? Are the ads on
               | twitter earning them that much ?? Or is it cash they got
               | from raising funds ?
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | Only to certain point. At that point you can't spend more
               | than other party. There is only so much legal work that
               | can be done for one case.
               | 
               | Not that bar isn't very high, we are possibly talking
               | about millions or tens of millions in billings, but
               | either side have that and it will make sense for both to
               | spend it in every case.
        
           | trident5000 wrote:
           | The CEO has a massive parachute. Its in his best interest to
           | just settle on a lower price rather than get tied up in
           | courts for years with Musk. If the markets continue to
           | decline, a lower offer is going to look more and more
           | attractive to shareholders. Just my 2 cents.
        
           | baxtr wrote:
           | Re twitter: What a waste of life time and resources that
           | could be otherwise have been used. All for what? For the ego
           | of a madman?
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | synu wrote:
           | What happened when they ignore dthe order from the judge?
           | Nothing?
        
             | nabla9 wrote:
             | If he willfully disobeyed, there will be sequestration
             | order against his assets.
             | 
             | The court will appoint someone else to go trough his assets
             | and find a way to pay. Selling Tesla stocks for example.
        
           | giansegato wrote:
           | How could they refuse after being compelled by a court
           | ruling? Did they appeal / sue you back? Can't see how they
           | could simply say... "no".
        
             | pmorici wrote:
             | If a party is intent on being a bad actor it is extremely
             | difficult to enforce judgments where the sum is too small
             | to warrant extraordinary effort.
        
             | carom wrote:
             | When you have a judgement you can send it to collections,
             | but often people just don't pay these things. It's really
             | hard to collect for even small things like evictions.
        
               | dctoedt wrote:
               | > _send it to collections_
               | 
               | When my now-adult son was in high school, he had a summer
               | job working as a moving man for a friend's dad's company.
               | The company had a contract with the local constable's
               | office. One of my son's and his friend's assignments was
               | to drive a truck around to the offices of a very-big
               | shopping mall and to meet a constable to collect a seven-
               | figure court judgment that hadn't been paid. The
               | constable, my son, and his friend walked into the
               | management office; the constable presented the writ of
               | execution of the judgment, and my son and his friend
               | started unplugging and loading up office equipment and
               | furniture to be hauled off and sold at auction. The
               | manager said "Wait, wait"; a hour later, a cashier's
               | check arrived for the amount of the judgment.
        
               | no-s wrote:
               | > The constable, my son, and his friend walked into the
               | management office; the constable presented the writ of
               | execution of the judgment, and my son and his friend
               | started unplugging and loading up office equipment and
               | furniture to be hauled off and sold at auction.
               | 
               | yeah, that's like totally reasonable. I've done similar
               | back in the '80s, using a similar process seized bank
               | accounts when the former employer ignored an order to pay
               | a judgement over unpaid expenses. Notably they didn't
               | bother to appear in court in the first place; they never
               | responded to service even though I paid extra to have the
               | Sheriff's Deputy serve it. Then they ignored my calls and
               | letters for several weeks. I knew all the bank account
               | numbers already, so: back to the judge for an order to
               | seize the accounts. Showed up at the bank an hour later
               | with the deputy in tow and walked out with a bank check
               | for roughly $45k 30 minutes later.
               | 
               | Nowadays a bank makes you wait some days for a payout but
               | they will freeze the funds immediately.
               | 
               | These days I prefer lawyering up, but in the late '70s I
               | called on a supplier to deliver promised equipment that
               | was being delayed because well, I was a teen-ager and
               | even though I had paid they felt like I wasn't a serious
               | customer. So I paid a local motorcycle club $500 to
               | escort me to the meeting, as well as sit there in the
               | parking lot revving engines and scratching off whilst I
               | met with the vendor. The MC got a hefty tip because:
               | members helped load the product, and the MC president
               | encouraged a 50% refund made out to me personally to
               | ensure I would never have to be a customer again...
        
               | BellLabradors wrote:
               | Video of a similar story:
               | 
               | https://youtu.be/3ctLEGrOmf4
        
               | encryptluks2 wrote:
               | You can also get an order to liquidate and literally
               | start taking assets like real estate, bank accounts, etc.
        
               | verve_rat wrote:
               | Not to mention, could the officers of the company be held
               | in contempt of court?
        
               | encryptluks2 wrote:
               | It is possible, but typically the remedy is a writ of
               | garnishment.
        
             | stingraycharles wrote:
             | The judge ruled that the payment had to be made
             | immediately; they could sue back, but they would have to
             | pay first. In their words, it was a "BS ruling", and they
             | simply didn't pay.
             | 
             | I'll tell you that I didn't know you could just say "no",
             | but they did. My lawyers were at the point that they would
             | send a (legally backed) letter to all their customers, that
             | their payments should be redirected to some court. It would
             | have caused a massive hellfire, though.
             | 
             | I had the choice of going through with all this, but the
             | outcome would still be uncertain, legal fees would
             | increase, and take a long time regardless. It was a fully
             | bootstrapped business, I was relatively young and in debt,
             | and I decided to renegotiate.
             | 
             | In the end I got the money I needed to pay off my debts,
             | legal fees + then some, a huge learning experience, and
             | took a 1 year sabbatical. I just wanted this whole thing to
             | be over.
        
               | bryanrasmussen wrote:
               | I'm betting that for the money Musk is in for they will
               | go with that option though, and considering all the side
               | effects that would probably happen if Musk just said 'No'
               | - he would have to be a level of stubborn that borders on
               | mental instability.
        
               | csomar wrote:
               | > I had the choice of going through with all this, but
               | the outcome would still be uncertain, legal fees would
               | increase, and take a long time regardless.
               | 
               | So it's just you deciding not to go with this... for some
               | reason.
               | 
               | I'm pretty sure if you enforced the ruling, you'd have
               | gotten a quick response from them. It might seem like a
               | dick move but they moved first.
               | 
               | At $44bn, I highly doubt the dudes of Twitter will take
               | the same stance you took.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | I have a friend who got screwed by a major (top 5) US
               | bank, won the court case against them, and they then
               | refused to pay the settlement.
               | 
               | He went through the paperwork, and 6 months later they
               | wrote him a cashiers check right then and there when he
               | showed up with the Sheriff to take possession of one of
               | their prized historic artifacts from the lobby of their
               | corporate headquarters during business hours.
               | 
               | Not very many people are able and willing to deal with
               | the shittiness of all the paperwork required, and a lot
               | of bad actors count on that.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | naikrovek wrote:
               | > I'm pretty sure if you enforced the ruling, you'd have
               | gotten a quick response from them.
               | 
               | don't tell someone that you know more about a situation
               | that they were in and you were not. A) it's freaking rude
               | as hell, and B) you absolutely DO NOT have more awareness
               | about this situation than the person who lived it.
        
               | aantix wrote:
               | So doctors know less about a situation than the patient
               | experiencing the pain?
               | 
               | A good coach has zero impact on their players that
               | actually experience the game?
        
               | Kaze404 wrote:
               | A doctor certainly knows less about what the patient is
               | feeling than the patient themselves. It's a known
               | phenomenon with women's health, where we have medical
               | professionals literally gaslighting us about our own
               | physical and mental health.
        
               | armada651 wrote:
               | I don't get this mentality. I don't get why people think
               | living through an experience makes them such an expert
               | that any outside opinion is immediately offensive.
               | 
               | An outsider can always offer a new perspective and they
               | could be more knowledgeable than the person who went
               | through the experience.
        
               | stingraycharles wrote:
               | It wasn't my intention to claim to be an expert on the
               | situation, as much as it was mostly to share a story and
               | point out that there's a large grey area here.
               | 
               | The parent definitely was factual and correct, but the
               | tone made it sound a bit as if they thought my reasons
               | for doing so were incorrect. That would be a bit of a
               | stretch, and I think that's what was bothering @naikrovek
        
               | armada651 wrote:
               | Didn't mean to imply that was how you felt. My response
               | was aimed at the mentality @naikrovek was stating, which
               | is definitely a wider held belief in some communities.
        
               | Applejinx wrote:
               | It's a Chesterton's Fence situation.
               | 
               | An outsider is just as likely to be an arrogant fool, and
               | an arrogant fool is more likely to find skepticism
               | offensive than a normal person. There are plenty of
               | people, even on Hacker News, who assume that they are by
               | default more knowledgeable than anybody else, and
               | therefore are obliged to look at any given situation,
               | opine, and set the record straight. Other people don't
               | matter, and certainly their 'experiences' won't count.
               | So, it's not surprising or offensive to run into the
               | 'water squirt bottle of correction', where kitty gets
               | unexpectedly hit with the message 'opining on experience
               | you've never experienced disqualifies you as a first
               | class advice giver'.
               | 
               | Chesterton's Fence is of course the idea that, if you
               | encounter a fence and you don't know what it's for, you
               | don't take it down until you do know what the fence was
               | for. People tend to get worked up about the things they
               | see that, to them, seem to be there for no reason, and
               | advocate all the more vigorously for removing such things
               | when to them, the existence of the thing is obvious
               | nonsense with no possible justification... they would
               | rather think that a thing was done by a total fool who's
               | so inferior to them as to be hopelessly incapable, than
               | consider the idea that their superiority might be
               | questionable.
        
               | omegabravo wrote:
               | It's nice to learn there is a name for something that
               | took me a few years to discover. If something doesn't
               | make sense to me, it's probably because I'm not realising
               | the whole scenario.
               | 
               | I've learnt not to critique other peoples designs without
               | a full understanding. The designer probably would have
               | changed a few things if they had a second attempt.
               | Unknown and usually silly requirements can play a big
               | part in design that you as an outsider are unaware of.
               | I've learnt to assume competence rather than
               | incompetence. At the time, there was likely a very good
               | reason for such a decision.
        
               | seanp2k2 wrote:
               | And sometimes the requirements that a thing was built on
               | aren't meant to make the best possible product, e.g.
               | budget, repairability / maintainability, compromise due
               | to integration with other systems, etc etc
               | 
               | In the same vein as "never attribute to malice that which
               | is adequately explained by stupidity", "never attribute
               | to engineering that which is adequately explained by
               | finance" :)
        
               | couchand wrote:
               | Well this isn't exactly a currently-standing fence, so
               | the metaphor falls down.
               | 
               | It's more like someone coming upon their neighbor
               | complaining about a mutual neighbor and their fence and
               | offering them advice for the next confrontation with the
               | neighbor.
        
               | TillE wrote:
               | It's a really simple allegory that warns about the
               | dangers of approaching a situation from a position of
               | ignorance.
        
               | couchand wrote:
               | Yes and misusing simple allegories and therefore
               | misunderstanding the situation is very common.
        
               | feteru wrote:
               | Great comment, feel like this puts into words what I see
               | in interactions on here sometimes that puts me off. I
               | might say that especially on Hacker News there are people
               | who assume they're by default more knowledgeable than
               | others.
        
               | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
               | It's not offensive. It just makes the replier looks like
               | an idiot.
               | 
               | Who do you think had the best perspective on the
               | situation? The person who went through the litigation,
               | had lawyers, knew all the details of the case and made
               | the decision of the poster sending a canned five lines
               | reply based on a paragraph?
               | 
               | It does take much awareness to realise that sending an
               | abrasive reply when you are in no position to do so might
               | be ill received by the community (well at least the
               | quickly diminishing part who wants to have an interesting
               | discussion).
        
               | fenomas wrote:
               | > An outsider ... could be more knowledgeable than the
               | person who went through the experience
               | 
               | If the outsider is making general claims about _similar
               | sorts_ of situations, then sure. If they 're predicting
               | the behavior of someone unknown to them, but well known
               | to the OP, then _not so much_.
        
               | stingraycharles wrote:
               | Thank you for saying this. While I do agree with the
               | parent that in the the end it was my decision to go this
               | route, the situation was much more complicated, and I
               | absolutely wouldn't get a quick response from them.
               | 
               | Having said that, I wasn't insulted by the parent, and
               | they made a good point: my decision was based on
               | pragmatism, and in the case of Twitter, this was much
               | less likely to be the case. Since I decided to share my
               | story in light of this whole Twitter debacle, the parent
               | was right to point out that the comparison isn't entirely
               | correct, even more so when it's about dozens of billions.
               | The rules of the games are different there.
        
               | multjoy wrote:
               | Commercial litigation is entirely about pragmatism.
               | 
               | If twitter won and was in the position to compel
               | performance, is that even in the best interest of the
               | company? To force it upon an unwilling owner would be the
               | best way to destroy it in very short order as they
               | desperately attempt to recoup their costs.
               | 
               | Far more sensible, with an enforceable order in hand, to
               | come up with a negotiated settlement. Far easier, as
               | well, with a nuclear option.
        
               | Volundr wrote:
               | It doesn't need to be in the best interests of the
               | company, it needs to be in n the best interests of the
               | shareholders. If the company dies once Elon owns it, it
               | sucks for the employees and Elon, but not the all
               | important shareholders.
        
               | ModernMech wrote:
               | Indeed, if the point of the sale was to put Twitter in
               | hands capable of steering the ship, they wouldn't have
               | sold to Musk in the first place.
        
               | miohtama wrote:
               | In this point, it is the interest of the CEO, board and
               | shareholders to collect a fat check and let Mr Musk burn
               | down with Twitter. It's Musk's problem what to do with an
               | unwilling owner issues.
        
               | jimmydorry wrote:
               | What fat check is the CEO and board getting? They own
               | virtually no shares, so it wouldn't be from Musk. And if
               | a reluctant owner takes charge, they aren't writing a fat
               | check or shaking on a golden parachute. The lot of them
               | can only expect to be immediately terminated, but knowing
               | Musk, he would likely take legal action against them and
               | do his best to make them unhirable... so they would
               | likely bail during legal proceedings.
        
               | afrcnc wrote:
               | So, basically, if you rich enough in the US, you can
               | simply ignore the courts?
        
               | paulcole wrote:
               | Yes and it doesn't have to do with rich/poor. Until
               | someone either takes an action on your behalf or
               | physically forces you to take an action you can ignore
               | their requests all you want.
        
               | harambae wrote:
               | At least for a long time, yes. The example that comes to
               | mind...
               | 
               | https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2020/01/08/cali
               | for...
        
               | pas wrote:
               | wtf. which jurisdiction is this? so strange you can't
               | take the final ruling and go to a collections agency and
               | get _your_ money :o
        
               | Inhibit wrote:
               | You can. But the story would imply that all that money is
               | in receivables; it's hard to seize a big pile of debt, I
               | assume even in Europe.
        
               | pas wrote:
               | not really as far as I know.
               | 
               | either the company pays up (in whole or in installments,
               | etc) or the enter into bankruptcy proceedings and the
               | courts appoint someone. if the company is profitable,
               | then as above it'll eventually pay up, if not, then it'll
               | be sold off and the liabilities will be covered up to by
               | the income of the sale.
        
               | joshspankit wrote:
               | Do some thought experiments in your head, and you can see
               | how quickly things break down.
               | 
               | Like: The courts say pay, and the company says no. So
               | you...
               | 
               | - ...send police (not really the jurisdiction of the
               | police, but let's pretend they go). The police show up
               | and say "Give us the money you owe" and the business says
               | no. Now what? They can't go on to private property
               | without permission or warrant. Dead end.
               | 
               | - ... become your own collections company. You call them
               | as much as you are legally allowed, and ask them for the
               | money. Each time they say no. You call their family (you
               | might not be allowed to do this) and they say "not my
               | problem" so they are dead ends. You call their vendors
               | and clients but all you are doing is informing them that
               | company X owes you money. They don't have any obligation
               | to give you that money.
               | 
               | - ... sell the debt to a collections company. That
               | company gives you pennies on the dollar (20% if you're
               | lucky).
               | 
               | - ... work through the courts to garnish wages. You have
               | no idea what this company pays their staff for wages, nor
               | who to target (the exec who said no?), but you push
               | forward anyway and end up getting that garnishment. You
               | now get 30% of everything that person makes. Let's call
               | that 30k/yr at the time of the garnishment. Then, that
               | person quits or takes a "lower-paying job" and you're
               | down to 10k/yr. It will take decades to get what's owed
               | to you and in the mean time this person is actively
               | battling you in court because they hate losing 30% of
               | what they make every month.
               | 
               | - ... pursue action that gives you a percentage of the
               | company's net revenue. If you get it, you can only
               | celebrate for what feels like a moment because they could
               | have a "sudden increase in expenses" or choose to close
               | the business and start a new one with a different name.
               | You can try to get the agreement shifted to that new
               | company, but that's a whole new challenge and the whole
               | time the founders are saying "No." "Not our
               | responsibility." and so on.
               | 
               | It's really very hard to get cash in hand from anyone,
               | whether there is a court ruling or not.
        
               | v0x wrote:
               | You can. In my very very limited experience you can sell
               | it to collections for something like 80% of the value in
               | a case where they have a perfected security interest.
               | They will send a UCC letter to payors, who are legally
               | obligated (from what my attorney tells me) to pay the
               | creditor, absent some proof that they don't need to.
        
               | doikor wrote:
               | Seems like a really complex system to get your money.
               | Here in Finland you would just start bankruptcy
               | procedures by filing a claim in the court and with the
               | court order saying they owe you it would go through in a
               | day or two giving the other party 2 weeks time to pay or
               | the court would take over all their assets and get you
               | your money (and sell those assets if they don't have it
               | in cash)
               | 
               | A single verified unpaid bill is grounds for starting the
               | bankruptcy procedure here so it is actually good tool to
               | force big companies to pay. Though you can say goodbye to
               | any future business relations with them if you do that.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | bjornsing wrote:
               | In Sweden you can actually do that _before_ you've won
               | the court case. If a lower court rules that you have a
               | legal right to payment, then you can collect on that even
               | if the other party appeals to a higher court. (They can
               | then of course do the same to you if they win the
               | appeal.)
               | 
               | But this is taking it a bit far IMHO. It's confusing to
               | me at least that a court order is not final ("has not yet
               | won legal power" as we say in Sweden), but can still be
               | used to force payment through the authorities
               | (Kronofogdemyndigheten).
        
               | mattbee wrote:
               | It's the same in the UK:
               | 
               | https://www.gov.uk/wind-up-a-company-that-owes-you-money
               | 
               | "To wind up a company you must:
               | 
               | * be owed PS750 or more * be able to prove that the
               | company cannot pay you "
               | 
               | That's it.
        
               | tuukkah wrote:
               | How do you prove they cannot pay you - show an unpaid
               | invoice?
        
               | mattbee wrote:
               | I only ever threatened it once so didn't go to the
               | expense of filing.
               | 
               | In practice, yes an unpaid invoice, plus proof of
               | delivery /service. Alternatively, a judgment from a court
               | ordering them to pay.
        
               | seanp2k2 wrote:
               | The trouble is the actual collection, which as far as I
               | know is still left as an exercise for the person owed.
        
               | mattbee wrote:
               | Nope, when a company is struck off (directors given 2
               | months notice etc) its assets are frozen and passed to
               | The Crown, who appoints an Official Receiver. They
               | liquidate the assets, pay any creditors (pay themselves)
               | and keep anything remaining.
               | 
               | So it's an absolutely nuclear debt collection option, and
               | not fast. But the threat is real if the debtor can't
               | argue the debt away.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | Getting though it however, and actually getting paid is a
               | long and arduous process. That's what the poster was up
               | against.
               | 
               | It's not THAT uncommon for some folks to just say 'oh
               | yeah, make me', and while there are (usually) methods of
               | doing it without their co-operation, it's never easy.
        
               | Iv wrote:
               | Japan is similar. I keep marveling at the stories about
               | the US system and wonder how it is supposed to be
               | considered friendly for businesses...
        
               | xwdv wrote:
               | Does the example not make it obvious? Imagine your
               | business doesn't want to pay a bill from some douchebag
               | business you hate.
        
               | Archelaos wrote:
               | I think the parent means that a system in which anyone
               | can delay the payment of otherwise legitimate financial
               | claims through an extremely protracted legal process is
               | generally not very business-friendly. Of course, it is
               | friendly to businesses that do not want to pay their
               | liabilities, but on the cost of all the others. What good
               | is a legal system if a company cannot enforce its rights
               | in practice?
        
               | mkr-hn wrote:
               | The same way any human system works: people mostly want
               | to do the right thing, so they do.
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | It's not a case of a simple disagreement though. In this
               | situation there's a court order requiring you to pay the
               | bill. Not wanting to doesn't cut it.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | You'd be amazed how long someone can go in open defiance
               | of a court order before something concrete actually
               | happens.
               | 
               | It usually requires going back to court for the concrete
               | thing to actually happen too; and it's rarely all _that_
               | catastrophic.
               | 
               | Judges are surprisingly willing to give folks more rope
               | to hang themselves with later.
        
               | BolexNOLA wrote:
               | Stories like this remind me why I hate seeing advice on
               | forums that often boil down to..."and if that doesn't
               | work, just sue them." It's a massive, risky, expensive,
               | physically and emotionally draining experience.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | suzzer99 wrote:
         | Do they always have the option of settling at any point in the
         | process? Like if Musk said "$20 billion penalty but I don't buy
         | the company", I assume they'd say yes? (Or substitute a bigger
         | number if not.)
         | 
         | So are they just negotiating at this point if Musk has a
         | penalty number he's willing to pay?
        
           | jonathankoren wrote:
           | Twitter and Musk already agreed to a 1 billion dollar
           | penalty. He's trying to get out of it, even though he already
           | waved due diligence.
        
             | cookingrobot wrote:
             | The $1B scenario doesn't apply here. He's on the hook for
             | $44B.
        
               | petesergeant wrote:
               | Do you have a simple and short explanation for why?
        
               | achow wrote:
               | Good explanation..
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32027646
        
               | saalweachter wrote:
               | Because taking a corporation private is a pain in the
               | ass.
               | 
               | Elon Musk signed a contract giving himself essentially no
               | ability to back out, to force Twitter to consider his
               | offer.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | kgwgk wrote:
               | The $1bn is in case something else makes the closing
               | impossible (a regulatory decision, for example).
        
           | ergocoder wrote:
           | My bet is on this.
           | 
           | They will just negotiate. Nobody wants to go through a
           | lengthy legal process.
           | 
           | I think the number will be at 5b. Because, at 5b, Twitter
           | gets a 1y revenue for virtually no cost. Twitter doesn't want
           | to sell to a buyer who doesn't actually want to buy. It's not
           | good for anyone.
           | 
           | Imagine Musk buying Twitter and starting open up exec emails
           | knowing about the bot numbers being inaccurate.
        
             | nabla9 wrote:
             | > Twitter gets a 1y revenue for virtually no cost.
             | 
             | This is not between Twitter and Musk. This is between
             | Twitter shareholders and Musk. Twitter board is just
             | working on their behalf. Shareholders don't care about
             | Twitter's future now when they have very tight agreement.
             | There will be judgement against Musk almost certainly.
             | 
             | Musk made $44B deal. However this ends, Musk is in hook for
             | tens of billions. Either he pays $44B and gets Twitter or
             | he pays the difference between $44B and current valuation
             | when the deal is made, say $20B and current owners keep
             | Twitter.
             | 
             | Musk has no upper hand. He made a huge mistake.
        
               | eloff wrote:
               | I think the best he can hope for here is settle the
               | lawsuit that will follow for buying twitter at a slightly
               | reduced price.
               | 
               | The amount he would pay to walk away is roughly equal to
               | the current fair market value of Twitter. I wouldn't be
               | happy to pay that and get nothing for it. Better to go
               | through with the deal.
        
             | ryanbrunner wrote:
             | > Imagine Musk buying Twitter and starting open up exec
             | emails knowing about the bot numbers being inaccurate.
             | 
             | There's different levels of knowing about inaccuracies.
             | 
             | There's knowing that your methods of determining bots are
             | probably not optimal and the number is most likely
             | undercounted, but it was a good faith albeit imperfect
             | effort.
             | 
             | Then there's knowing that bots are actually some other
             | specific number and suppressing that information.
             | 
             | I think the former is much, much more likely than the
             | latter and wouldn't really be a huge controversy if it
             | leaked.
        
               | ergocoder wrote:
               | Apart from that, out of 5000 employees, you can bet there
               | is one employee disagreeing in email and that employee's
               | opinion is discarded.
               | 
               | There is at least one person disagreeing on any topic.
               | 
               | It is a risky situation all around.
               | 
               | I reckon that good faith is not enough.
        
             | t_mann wrote:
             | Not sure. Twitter board members have a fiduciary duty
             | towards shareholders. If they accept a lot less than they
             | could get by simply enforcing the rules (at a comparatively
             | negligible cost) because they don't want to look mean, I
             | reckon there's a very high probability that they will get
             | sued by some hedge fund.
        
               | ergocoder wrote:
               | People keep throwing this word around... yet the board
               | accepted the first offer from Elon with no negotiation.
               | Nobody is suing twitter board for this.
               | 
               | Who does that? Even new grad negotiates their offer...
        
             | kllrnohj wrote:
             | At $5bn Twitter & its board open themselves up to getting
             | sued by the shareholders who were harmed for $16bn
             | currently.
             | 
             | What Twitter as a company "wants" is kinda irrelevant. They
             | have a fiduciary responsibility to their shareholders, and
             | telling all those shareholders they just didn't feel like
             | getting a $54.20/share deal because they didn't like the
             | buyer and didn't want to be bought isn't really going to
             | fly.
             | 
             | So any settlement will come with a requirement for Twitter
             | to reasonable demonstrate to share holders that they
             | haven't been harmed. And since all signs point to Twitter
             | having the _much_ stronger case, it 's hard to imagine them
             | just accepting much less than either the original purchase,
             | or a penalty fee of closer to $16bn (the current gap
             | between the share price & the purchase price)
        
               | colinmhayes wrote:
               | The state of Delaware has consistently given boards wide
               | discretion to act as they see fit in their fiduciary
               | duty. Unless stock holders can prove the board acted in
               | bad faith it will be very hard to win a case against
               | them.
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | sk8terboi wrote:
        
         | oxff wrote:
         | This is going to be one of those HN posts that will not age
         | well, isn't it
        
           | swores wrote:
           | Much easier to say of any single specific guess/prediction
           | when there are lots of possible outcomes, than to actually
           | guess the right one.
        
         | rajnathani wrote:
         | IIRC there's just a $1B penalty in the acquisition clause for
         | Musk if the transaction doesn't go through.
        
           | paulcole wrote:
           | You don't remember correctly.
           | 
           | The breakup fee is if an outside influence prevents the deal
           | from going through. It's not just for cases of "uh-uh i don't
           | wanna."
        
       | jimnotgym wrote:
       | I don't trust any man that thinks a car doesn't work better for
       | the driver with an analogue speedo in front of the driver, rather
       | than a tablet to the side
        
       | electric_mayhem wrote:
       | I'm looking forward to the day he gets held accountable for
       | market manipulation.
       | 
       | Bet he (and his friends, if he has any) made a mint off this
       | farce.
       | 
       | Not that I have any faith it will happen.
        
       | kylehotchkiss wrote:
       | So glad HN got back online when the day got interesting
        
         | x86x87 wrote:
         | What was up with that? Was it server failure? Did HN move from
         | old vps provider to AWS? Also, does HN run on one EC2 instance?
        
       | bediger4000 wrote:
       | I guess we'll never see how a free speech Twitter works. I think
       | this is sad.
        
         | gsibble wrote:
         | You're being downvoted. Another sad day on HN when free speech
         | is downvoted.
        
           | camjohnson26 wrote:
           | This has nothing to do with free speech.
        
           | dotopotoro wrote:
           | Was gp sarcastic? Are you sarcarstic? (I need an app for
           | that..)
        
             | bediger4000 wrote:
             | I guess we'll never know. I think this is sad.
        
       | Fiahil wrote:
       | > While Twitter has provided some information, that information
       | has come with strings attached, use limitations or other
       | artificial formatting features, which has rendered some of the
       | information minimally useful to Mr. Musk and his advisors. For
       | example, when Twitter finally provided access to the eight
       | developer "APIs" first explicitly requested by Mr. Musk in the
       | May 25 Letter, those APIs contained a rate limit lower than what
       | Twitter provides to its largest enterprise customers. Twitter
       | only offered to provide Mr. Musk with the same level of access as
       | some of its customers after we explained that throttling the rate
       | limit prevented Mr. Musk and his advisors from performing the
       | analysis that he wished to conduct in any reasonable period of
       | time.
       | 
       | > Additionally, those APIs contained an artificial "cap" on the
       | number of queries that Mr. Musk and his team can run regardless
       | of the rate limit--an issue that initially prevented Mr. Musk and
       | his advisors from completing an analysis of the data in any
       | reasonable period of time. Mr. Musk raised this issue as soon as
       | he became aware of it, in the first paragraph of the June 29
       | Letter: "we have just been informed by our data experts that
       | Twitter has placed an artificial cap on the number of searches
       | our experts can perform with this data, which is now preventing
       | Mr. Musk and his team from doing their analysis." That cap was
       | not removed until July 6, after Mr. Musk demanded its removal for
       | a second time.
       | 
       | Interesting. Technical limitation, or not, it's unlikely that
       | their API was changed just to upset Musk's team. It's most
       | probably a pile of wonky code with artificial limitations
       | hardcoded by customer so it doesn't crash their database.
        
         | airza wrote:
         | It doesn't really matter. The time to ask these questions was
         | _before_ signing a binding contract to purchase the company.
        
       | madrox wrote:
       | Everything about this deal strikes me as Elon trying to buy his
       | way out of the fact he illegally acquired stock in a bid for a
       | board seat. At the time, I'm sure he thought it was a clever way
       | out of an immediate problem, and he certainly moved the
       | conversation away from his stock buying shenanigans. I just don't
       | know how he didn't see how the outcome would be...owning Twitter.
       | 
       | So many people have gotten very close to buying Twitter...even
       | Disney. The surface appeal is high but once you think about it
       | for more than ten minutes it's clearly a problematic platform
       | with few solutions that don't drastically lower its value. If
       | Elon ends up not closing this deal with Twitter, I suspect that
       | Twitter will go the way of Tumblr...eventually getting bought by
       | a second tier tech company before being mismanaged into
       | irrelevance.
        
         | dqpb wrote:
         | > illegally acquired stock
         | 
         | Illegal how?
        
           | Forlien wrote:
           | Not the OP, but when an investor acquires more than 5% of a
           | stock, they have a limited time to disclose it. Elon
           | disclosed his Twitter stock acquisition too late (20 days
           | after instead of 10) and using the wrong form (Schedule 13G
           | instead of Schedule 13D), painting him as a passive investor
           | rather than an activist.
           | 
           | https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2022-04-06/elon-m.
           | .. talks about it.
        
             | 0xy wrote:
             | Isn't it pure speculation on your part that he had non-
             | passive intentions at the time he acquired the shares? The
             | barrier to prove intent is high, and speculation doesn't
             | cut it.
             | 
             | It's valid to buy as a passive investor and then turn into
             | an activist or an interested party, even a short time
             | later.
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | evilotto wrote:
         | Did Elon ever really intend to buy Twitter in the first place,
         | or was he just looking for a way to get inside information
         | about the company without paying for it like twitter's "largest
         | enterprise customers" do? Then he could dig up a reason to
         | abandon the deal, and back out without losing anything, and
         | having gained much valuable information that could be used
         | against Twitter in some other spat.
        
         | nequo wrote:
         | Good analysis.
         | 
         | > If Elon ends up not closing this deal with Twitter, I suspect
         | that Twitter will go the way of Tumblr...eventually getting
         | bought by a second tier tech company before being mismanaged
         | into irrelevance.
         | 
         | Has Musk demonstrated that he has a viable business plan for
         | Twitter that would help it avoid mismanagement into
         | irrelevance?
        
           | roflyear wrote:
           | Who cares? He's taking the company private.
        
       | plaguepilled wrote:
       | Musk does yet another brazenly out of pocket thing and forces the
       | world to look at him. Yawn.
        
       | peter_retief wrote:
       | I think he realises that it is worth a lot less than he offered,
       | he will probably walk away from it and get sued.
       | 
       | Any legal experts out there?
        
         | camjohnson26 wrote:
         | Look around in the thread. M&A experts have confirmed that Musk
         | cannot walk away from the deal, even by paying the $1 billion,
         | unless Twitter lets him.
        
         | patrickaljord wrote:
         | If he can just walk away and get sued that would probably be
         | cheaper than spending all those billions on Twitter. I'm not a
         | lawyer tho so no idea what's going to happen.
        
       | jmyeet wrote:
       | I'm increasingly getting the sense that SpaceX is the anomaly
       | here and otherwise Elon has been steadily failing upwards his
       | entire life. Is that just me? Obligatory joke: this is the only
       | time Elon has pulled out (if you know you know).
       | 
       | Tesla's peak market cap is ~$1.5T. It's still sitting at just
       | under ~$800B. Tesla sold just under 1M cars last year putting one
       | metric at (currently) $800,000 per car sold in a year.
       | 
       | How does any of that make sense? Just watch as traditional auto
       | manufacturers ramp up EV production. The Ford F150 Lightning is
       | in my mind a bellwether. From what I've seen it's been incredibly
       | well-received and that's only the beginning. Compare that to the
       | often ridiculed and clearly beleaguered Cybertruck.
       | 
       | I really wonder if Elon's attempted acquisition of Twitter is
       | just a symptom of him becoming increasingly unhinged (eg his
       | screeds against the "far left"). I really wonder if this hwole
       | thing wasn't motivated by the perceived injustice (according to
       | him) of Trump being banned in particular and the idea that
       | conservatives are somehow being silenced.
       | 
       | But maybe this is 5 dimensional Chess. One can argue this hass
       | done a lot of damage to Twitter and Elon may be on the hook for
       | more than the $1B breakout fee (which he will of course try and
       | weasel out of). This may actually drag on for years.
       | 
       | Personally I'd be happy just disappeared into a lab in a remote
       | location where he can build rockets without distraction. I can
       | but hope.
       | 
       | I honestly think the skyrocketing valuation
        
         | trixie_ wrote:
         | PE of 90 and 2 new factories only starting to ramp up it. It
         | makes perfect sense.
        
       | kragen wrote:
       | A thing I'm confused about here is how Twitter's stock price is
       | still US$35.04 in after-hours trading, amounting to a market cap
       | of US$28.13B. This valuation implies a time-discounted long-term
       | expectation that Twitter will earn about US$1.4 billion per year,
       | if we divide by a nominal P/E ratio of 20 years. Alternatively it
       | represents about a 70% probability that Musk will acquire the
       | company for the agreed-upon US$54.20 per share, or that some
       | other similar acquisition will happen.
       | 
       | Twitter is a somewhat stagnant social networking service; it
       | hasn't been experiencing the meteoric growth of things like
       | Instagram or TikTok. Its yearly revenues are US$5.1B, but instead
       | of earning US$1.4B per year, it's losing US$220M per year, so
       | it's spending US$5.3B per year (on 229 million "mDAUs"
       | ("monetizable daily active users"), so that's US$23 per user per
       | year). I think most of its 7500 employees are high-paid tech
       | employees, who cost maybe US$300k per year each--including
       | benefits, remember, having an employee typically costs about
       | twice their salary. That works out to US$2.25B per year of
       | employee-having costs, leaving about US$3.0B for everything else.
       | 
       | Large profit margins are common at social networking services;
       | Meta makes US$39.37 billion of net income on US$117.929 billion
       | of revenue, a 33% profit margin.
       | 
       | So, what's Twitter's path to earning US$1.4 billion per year?
       | Either it could increase its revenues by at least US$1.6 billion,
       | for example by growing its user base by 40%, without increasing
       | its expenses much; or it could decrease its expenses by at least
       | US$1.6 billion, for example by laying off most of its employees,
       | without reducing its revenues much.
       | 
       | A dramatic expansion of Twitter's business in the next few years
       | doesn't seem likely to me; is that what investors are betting on?
       | Looking at
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Twitter&oldid=793...
       | they had 319 million active users in 02016, so the crudest
       | approximation suggests that their yearly growth rate is -6.5% per
       | year. At that rate, growing their user base by the requisite 40%
       | will take them another negative five years. (More charitably,
       | maybe they are in fact growing, but mDAUs are a small enough
       | subset of what they were reporting as "active users" in 02016
       | that it more than makes up the difference--but their yearly
       | growth rate still isn't likely much more than +6.5%.)
       | Alternatively they could get better at squeezing money out of
       | their existing users. Or maybe they could buy another Vine and
       | this time _not shut it down so that a Chinese clone becomes the
       | hottest new social networking app_. But that would require them
       | to have money to fund the acquisition, and where is that going to
       | come from? Or are the founders of the hot new startup going to
       | accept Twitter stock?
       | 
       | More plausible is a skeleton-crew Twitter with a 20% smaller
       | userbase and US$4.2 billion of yearly revenue spending only
       | US$2.8 billion--depending on what its actual expenses are. But
       | getting from here to there would be very traumatic and poses a
       | substantial risk of total collapse, either because Twitter loses
       | the institutional knowledge of how to keep the site running when
       | it lays off most of its staff, or because their cuts send them
       | into a death spiral where revenues decline even more than
       | expenses.
       | 
       | It's against this background that, somehow, Musk's trolling with
       | this merger termination has only dropped Twitter's market cap by
       | 4.8% today.
       | 
       | So, how are Twitter's remaining investors justifying their US$28
       | billion bet on Twitter? In this situation I can easily imagine
       | Twitter being worth US$6B or maybe US$10B, but US$28B, the hell?
       | 
       | Are they figuring that there's a 35% chance that a Delaware court
       | will order specific performance of the Twitter acquisition (and
       | that someone will lend Musk the money to go through with it,
       | despite his best efforts to convince everyone that Twitter is a
       | massive fraud?) and a 50% chance that, failing that, Twitter will
       | successfully make the transition to a skeleton-crew shadow of its
       | former self that nevertheless knocks out Facebook-like earnings
       | every year?
       | 
       | Do they think Twitter's management team will miraculously figure
       | out how to leverage their evident ability to get a moronic clown
       | elected President of the USA into actual profits?
       | 
       | Do they think another acquirer willing to pay a premium over
       | today's price will materialize, perhaps motivated by the prospect
       | of political influence rather than selling colored water to the
       | Twits, if that's what Twitter users are called?
       | 
       | Here's the most plausible hypothesis I've seen. TSLA's market cap
       | is US$779.67B
       | (https://www.google.com/finance/quote/TSLA:NASDAQ?window=5Y), so
       | the US$44B purchase price would be about 5.6% of TSLA's
       | outstanding stock, about 58 million shares. The trading volume is
       | 31 million shares per day, so Musk could presumably liquidate 58
       | million shares over the course of a few weeks without totally
       | tanking the stock, and so could any potential lender who gave him
       | a cash loan secured by that stock. Musk's net worth was reported
       | as over US$300 billion in November
       | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elon_Musk#Wealth), three-quarters
       | of which is Tesla stock and stock-price-related instruments such
       | as purchase warrants. Tesla has fallen 38% since then, so he must
       | still have at least US$180 billion worth of TSLA.
       | 
       | So, the Twitter investors are betting that there's an excellent
       | chance that the court will in fact order specific performance and
       | the deal will go through despite Musk's most eloquent protests of
       | fraud on the part of Twitter's current management team.
        
         | FireBeyond wrote:
         | > So, how are Twitter's remaining investors justifying their
         | US$28 billion bet on Twitter? In this situation I can easily
         | imagine Twitter being worth US$6B or maybe US$10B, but US$28B,
         | the hell?
         | 
         | > TSLA's market cap is US$779.67B
         | 
         | I'd love to see plausible and realistic justifications that
         | Tesla's market cap is worth more than every other car company
         | in existence combined.
         | 
         | Some vague hope that one year, Musk's annual "FSD. This year.
         | For real this time." will come true?
         | 
         | Robotaxis?
         | 
         | It's certainly not their horrific approach to service and
         | quality.
        
           | kragen wrote:
           | It's an interesting question, but for the purpose of this
           | discussion, it doesn't really matter whether Tesla's market
           | cap is so high because Tesla's investors are deluded fools or
           | because Tesla will really have over US$40 billion a year in
           | profits someday soon, like Apple, Saudi Aramco, ICBC,
           | Alphabet, Berkshire Hathaway, JPMorgan Chase, Microsoft, and
           | I think no other companies in the history of the world. (I'm
           | looking at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_largest_comp
           | anies_by_r....)
           | 
           | What matters is how much Tesla's investors would change their
           | minds if Elon, or his lender, unloaded 5% of the company's
           | stock on the market. How much would the stock price move?
           | Would Elon's paper wealth evaporate, leaving him unable to
           | follow through on the Twitter offer? Since 5% of TSLA is less
           | than two days of market volume, I think the answer is that
           | the price would move very little, and so he would be able to
           | complete the acquisition.
        
       | gsibble wrote:
       | Could you commenters please make up your minds over whether you
       | want the deal to go through or not? You all seem to hate that
       | Musk would make Twitter more conservative so you don't want the
       | deal to go through, but also make fun of him and torment him for
       | pulling out as if you do want the deal to go through. You can't
       | have it both ways.
       | 
       | Either you want the deal consummated or you don't. Stop being
       | such hypocrites.
        
         | daemoens wrote:
         | They still don't want him to do it, it's just funny that he's
         | being forced into doing it now. It's not hypocritical to laugh
         | at him for that.
        
           | gsibble wrote:
           | HARD disagree. If you don't want him to own it, you should be
           | happy he's walking away.
        
             | daemoens wrote:
             | We don't want him to own it, but if he's being forced to
             | after making all the self-righteous fuss earlier this year,
             | it's extremely funny.
        
               | gsibble wrote:
        
               | rvz wrote:
               | Same here and that is more likely to happen.
               | 
               | I'm find it extremely hilarious and I'm laughing at
               | everyone and the whole chaos since I don't use Twitter in
               | the first place and I don't care what happens next.
               | 
               | There are no viable sane alternatives to Twitter. So the
               | greatest action one can do is to just delete their
               | account since Musk will _own_ it either way whether they
               | like it or not.
        
         | compiler-guy wrote:
         | This may be hard to believe, but HN is made up of thousands of
         | posters with a wide variety of opinions.
         | 
         | The fact that some people want the deal to go through, and some
         | don't, and that they post at different rates in different
         | threads, doesn't mean that any individual person is a
         | hypocrite. Nor that HN in general is.
        
         | jeremyjh wrote:
         | We definitely can have it both ways. We don't want him to buy
         | Twitter - because he is an idiotic blowhard. Also we are happy
         | he is backing out, because it demonstrates what an idiotic
         | blowhard he is.
        
           | gsibble wrote:
           | That's fine, but then you can't celebrate that he may be
           | forced into buying it which a ton of comments here are doing.
        
             | minimaxir wrote:
             | Elon Musk made the offer himself, he wasn't coerced into it
             | or did it without sufficient public information.
             | 
             | He's an adult.
        
             | daemoens wrote:
             | We're celebrating the forcing part, not the actual buying
             | part.
        
       | wyldfire wrote:
       | Is he an idiot who realized he was in too deep / paid too much?
       | Or was he trying to find a way to discredit their user numbers
       | and wanted big headlines?
        
         | nemothekid wrote:
         | When Musk made the offer
         | 
         | 1. TSLA was trading at ~$1,000 share
         | 
         | 2. He offered $54/share
         | 
         | Now?
         | 
         | 1. TSLA is trading at $750/share (so if Elon musk was 100% in
         | TSLA, he lost 25% of his wealth).
         | 
         | 2. Twitter's comprable, Facebook, fell roughly 33% on revised
         | revenue projections and slowing growth. TWTR roughly tracks
         | Facebook, except for last quarter where the stock hasn't moved
         | due to Musk's offer.
         | 
         | So Musk became poorer, and TWTR, which probably should be
         | trading in the high 20s, has an offer for $54/share; meaning
         | Musk may be paying double what it is currently worth.
         | 
         | I find it pretty amusing Musk has meme'd his way into a
         | disastrous deal.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | Do you really believe that the "if" in 1) is true? Really?
           | Enough to make that comment?
        
             | adgjlsfhk1 wrote:
             | It's true enough. He isn't 100% tesla, but the vast
             | majority of his wealth is in tesla and spacex, and only one
             | of those is actually redeemable in the short to medium
             | term.
        
               | dathinab wrote:
               | and there was money parked in bitcoin...
        
             | nemothekid wrote:
             | Of course it's not 100% true, the only thing you should
             | take away is that by TSLA shares crashing, Elon lost a
             | significant amount of wealth that would have been used to
             | purchase Twitter.
        
       | adamrezich wrote:
       | lots of emotionally-charged comments here, which is pretty
       | disappointing. if we look at this dispassionately, perhaps we can
       | come to better conclusions than "elon big poopy head freeze peach
       | bad". for example, one possibility is that Musk never intended to
       | actually buy Twitter because he had reasonable suspicions that
       | the <5% spam/bot figure provided by Twitter was intentionally
       | incorrect (i.e. fraudulent), and he just wanted to get that out
       | in the open and possibly even tank the company's stock as a
       | result, either as a personal vendetta against the platform and
       | company, or because he wants to develop a competitor. or maybe he
       | wants to buy it up after the price falls even further. who knows?
       | but it's more fun and interesting to speculate like this rather
       | than just hurling loaded adjectives like "impetuous",
       | "eccentric", "breathlessly arrogant", "astonishingly careless",
       | and so on and so forth. I get that public opinion on the guy here
       | has largely turned pretty sharply in the past couple years but do
       | we really need to pretend like we're 2016 headline-writers
       | writing about Donald Trump when we discuss him for some reason?
       | that entire schtick is long-since played out.
        
         | jungle2jungle wrote:
         | You are writing fan fiction, not observing reality.
        
           | adamrezich wrote:
           | please then, enlighten me to reality.
        
             | jungle2jungle wrote:
             | Begin by stating your evidence for the claims you made. You
             | are writing a story, not advancing an argument.
        
               | adamrezich wrote:
               | so is pretty much everyone else here though?
        
         | minimaxir wrote:
         | > one possibility is that Musk never intended to actually buy
         | Twitter
         | 
         | Which was a common perspective when the idea was floated
         | around, until he signed a legal agreement actually saying he
         | was going to buy Twitter.
        
           | adamrezich wrote:
           | sure, but now more events have unfolded, the results of which
           | remain to be seen--so why can't we discuss the situation and
           | speculate as to what will happen going forward without all
           | the emotionally-loaded verbiage?
        
       | 0xakhil wrote:
       | Okay, plot twist. Musk never intended to buy twitter. Whole ploy
       | was to get access to twitter's firehose of data to train his AI.
       | 
       | On the serious side, I can't believe someone would gamble with
       | half of his net worth. But this is Musk!
        
       | crikeyjoe wrote:
       | Lots of Twitter fraud here.
        
       | spoonjim wrote:
       | Twitter is a great LBO candidate but Elon Musk tried to buy it as
       | a consumption good rather than an asset investment. Not that
       | surprised that the deal he made in a fit of pique did not seem so
       | good without the beer goggles and with the market having fallen
       | 30%. I hope courts compel him to execute the transaction but I
       | also know that he probably has a million ways of getting out of
       | it.
        
       | AzzieElbab wrote:
       | This was the first time I bet against musk and it is paying off
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | maxander wrote:
       | I recommend Matt Levine's blog Money Stuff [0] for analysis of
       | just how bizarre Musk's twitter saga is relative to usual day-to-
       | day corporate acquisitions. I also recommend his twitter thread
       | just now breaking down his reaction to today's news [1]
       | 
       | [0]
       | https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/authors/ARbTQlRLRjE/matthe...
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://twitter.com/matt_levine/status/1545519476707319808?s...
        
       | social_quotient wrote:
       | It seems more productive to take this at face value vs conjecture
       | and rumors...
       | 
       | Suppose the filing is true - all of it. Let's start the
       | conversation with that and see what people think and what happens
       | next to Twitter.
        
       | selimnairb wrote:
       | Was really looking forward to watching him eat this shit sandwich
       | he made for himself.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | techwiz137 wrote:
       | Musk never wanted to buy Twitter, anyone who thought so was
       | deluded. The guy is a psychopath and is playing with people's
       | money by manipulating assets.
        
       | wnevets wrote:
       | Is it just me or is Musk constantly finding himself in the middle
       | of failed and shady deals?
        
       | vincentmarle wrote:
       | Musk's account keeps getting suspended/unsuspended in the past
       | hour:
       | https://twitter.com/growing_daniel/status/154562588715182080...
        
         | KJKingJ wrote:
         | Not quite - the screenshots being circulated show an account
         | with a different name that visually looks quite similar.
         | Instead of a lowercase `l`, the suspended account has an
         | uppercase `I`. In many fonts, these end up looking quite
         | similar.
        
       | camjohnson26 wrote:
       | Twitter is responding with legal action:
       | 
       | " Bret Taylor, chairman of Twitter's board of directors, tweeted
       | Friday afternoon that the board plans to pursue legal action to
       | enforce the deal at the price and terms originally agreed upon.
       | 
       | We are confident we will prevail in the Delaware Court of
       | Chancery," Mr. Taylor tweeted. Parag Agrawal, Twitter's chief
       | executive, retweeted the message."
       | 
       | https://www.wsj.com/articles/musk-says-he-is-terminating-twi...
        
       | bindle8932 wrote:
       | Please, let the man walk away from the deal. We do not want the
       | world's richest man controlling his own propaganda system.
        
       | m00dy wrote:
        
       | godmode2019 wrote:
       | I can tell you Twitter took the not question seriously. I have
       | only used twitter once when my company had a notice board you
       | needed to tweet to, over 7 years ago.
       | 
       | After musk started talking about bots, I started getting a
       | ungodly amount of twitter emails asking me to sign in and see
       | watt my friends are doing ect. Over 10 a day for the last month
       | or so.
       | 
       | My email is literally filled with twitter emails trying to
       | activate my inactive account to temporary inflate their numbers.
       | 
       | Musk didn't have buyers remorse, we entered a huge market crash
       | in the middle of the deal, so twitter was not worth nearly as
       | much. Likely worth around $15 USD per share.
       | 
       | Everyone knows twitter is majority bots, gpt influence accounts.
       | Musk was using that angle because they would never admit to it
       | publicly as it would likely have stock or legal issues.
       | 
       | He likely still wants to but twitter at the current market value,
       | not yesterdays current value.
        
         | telesoft wrote:
         | >My email is literally filled with twitter emails trying to
         | activate my inactive account to temporary inflate their
         | numbers.
         | 
         | Big if true
        
           | godmode2019 wrote:
           | I just went and double checked, 4 emails a day for the last
           | month ( not 10). All the same email suggesting I login.
           | 
           | I have not logged into twitter since 2016, no friends and no
           | followers. Just set up for my company noticeboard.
        
         | jungle2jungle wrote:
         | > Everyone knows twitter is majority bots, gpt influence
         | accounts
         | 
         | You are writing fan-fiction, not making an argument.
        
           | godmode2019 wrote:
           | Most of social media is PR companies running bot farms, this
           | has been the case for many years. Especially around African
           | elections (well studied) or large social issues ( Johnny deep
           | court case )
           | 
           | My country is notability bad they close the comment section
           | so real accounts can't out comment the bot accounts, our
           | government has social media influence programmers running
           | this, people I know. ( small country )
           | 
           | They use gpt 2 to generate around 100 curated comments for
           | each news article, You can typically tell by going into their
           | account and seeing when they joined and friend count ect.
           | However recently they started hiring normal people to
           | comment.
           | 
           | This has been the PR industry for at least 4 years.
        
             | jungle2jungle wrote:
             | You have provided no evidence.
        
               | godmode2019 wrote:
               | https://www.skynettoday.com/overviews/misinfo
               | 
               | "There has been a 150% increase in countries using
               | organised social media manipulation campaigns over the
               | last two years." [University of Oxford]
               | 
               | https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/entertainment/amber-
               | heard-...
               | 
               | "A new survey has proved a large number of Amber Heard's
               | Twitter support is coming from "fake" accounts."
               | 
               | https://www.news.com.au/entertainment/celebrity-
               | life/large-p...
               | 
               | "Nearly 11 per cent of all Twitter accounts participating
               | in discourse surrounding Johnny Depp's defamation trial"
               | 
               | https://democracyinafrica.org/cambridge-analytica-africa-
               | kno...
               | 
               | https://m.dw.com/en/dictators-in-africa-using-social-
               | media-t...
        
           | godmode2019 wrote:
           | Their was a guy on here a few weeks ago that made 10% of all
           | comments on 4chan using three bot accounts over the span of a
           | month, running gpt-j fine tuned.
           | 
           | You need so remarkably few people/PR agencies to outnumber
           | active humans.
           | 
           | Its such a problem creating a social media account is
           | actually quite hard, often you need a phone number and a
           | separate IP address.
        
             | jungle2jungle wrote:
             | You have provided no evidence.
        
               | godmode2019 wrote:
               | https://www.firstpost.com/tech/news-analysis/researchers-
               | fin...
               | 
               | Honestly this is such a common thing in PR it's silly
               | posting more examples, for social issues and elections
               | most content is bots.
               | 
               | The only thing new is gpt which allows huge scale.
               | 
               | Where groups like this
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/50_Cent_Party
               | 
               | No longer have to hire people to make comments they can
               | just shotgun influence with GPT type language models.
               | 
               | This video is has pretty good sources
               | 
               | https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Xl0TrA8oXXo
               | 
               | It only talks about politics, but the same campaigns
               | exist for other topics like reputation management and
               | social issues.
        
               | jungle2jungle wrote:
               | > https://www.firstpost.com/tech/news-
               | analysis/researchers-fin...
               | 
               | This doesn't say anything about the concentration or
               | percentage of bots on Twitter.
               | 
               | > https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/50_Cent_Party
               | 
               | Neither does this.
               | 
               | > https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=Xl0TrA8oXXo
               | 
               | Nor this. Nobody said bots aren't on twitter. What's
               | under discussion is whether or not the bots make up a
               | large percentage of users on twitter.
               | 
               | > Honestly this is such a common thing in PR it's silly
               | posting more examples That's kind of hand-wavey. I'd
               | appreciate more examples.
        
       | pea wrote:
       | In this sort of deal, is it common for the buyer (or whoever is
       | leveraging them) to purchase some sort of hedge to protect
       | themselves from the stock price diving during the DD or legal
       | process? For instance, if I agree to buy company for $X but buy
       | LEAPS to protect me if it dips below X*0.75.
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | Tesla needs to focus. Two major assembly plants are down for line
       | rework because the line runs too slowly. The battery factories
       | are behind schedule. Solar roof installations are way under goal,
       | despite high energy prices. "Self driving" is a flop. And
       | whatever happened to the Cybertruck?
       | 
       | Tesla is a car company. They need to focus on making cars.
       | They're past the startup stage. To grow into that bloated market
       | cap, they need to make a _lot_ more cars. Production. That dull
       | and boring stuff Detroit and Toyota do well.
        
         | frollo wrote:
         | > Tesla is a car company.
         | 
         | Tesla is a very complex financial operation which, sometimes,
         | sells some cars. From Musk's point of view it's working exactly
         | as planned.
        
           | toast0 wrote:
           | >> Tesla is a car company.
           | 
           | > Tesla is a very complex financial operation which,
           | sometimes, sells some cars.
           | 
           | That's not that unique, my understanding is most of the major
           | car companies are primarily in the business of auto
           | financing, but they make cars to give people something to
           | finance.
        
             | perardi wrote:
             | I am not entirely sure where that comes from.
             | 
             | Let's take a look at GM, as those numbers are readily
             | available.
             | 
             | GM Financial: $13.419 billion in 2021 GM: $127 billion in
             | 2021 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GM_Financial
             | 
             | Seems to be a lot more revenue coming from the cars than
             | the financing...
        
               | cot6mur3 wrote:
               | True, but the Net Income numbers ($3.8 billion from GM
               | Financial, $9.9 billion at all of GM) are a lot closer.
               | Looks like 38% of GM Net Income is earned by GM
               | Financial?
        
         | beeboop wrote:
         | Can you provide the detailed schedule for battery factories?
         | Can you provide the communications that show the lines are
         | running too slowly? Can you provide the development roadmap for
         | self driving to demonstrate it's ceasing to have progress? Can
         | you provide evidence that the equipment in Giga Factory in
         | Austin that's installed and ready to build the cyber trunk
         | isn't going to be used for that?
        
           | Animats wrote:
           | Yes, but there is a service charge for doing homework.
        
       | leroy_masochist wrote:
       | So he _does_ know how to pull out...
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | yalogin wrote:
       | This was never in doubt. He made a foolish decision to buy
       | Twitter with his stock and then immediately regretted it the
       | moment the stock market tanked. Tesla itself went down by a lot
       | and it made it almost impossible for him to finance it. He wanted
       | out and made up reasons. Twitter will try to enforce the purchase
       | agreement. It will be interesting to follow this case.
        
       | paulpauper wrote:
       | lol
       | 
       |  _Ms. Gadde:_
       | 
       | sounds like William Gaddis, one of whose novels involves
       | fictitious lawsuits
        
       | LAC-Tech wrote:
       | Probably for the best.
       | 
       | The only way I was going back to twitter was if Musk took over,
       | took decisive action, and it stopped being a left wing echo-
       | chamber.
       | 
       | But wasting more of my life on social media is not a net
       | positive.
       | 
       | So overall I'm glad, I can continue to ignore twitter exists
       | except when people occasionally link a tweet (which half the time
       | I regret clicking anyway).
        
         | jungle2jungle wrote:
         | So you _want_ to give the richest man in the world _more_
         | control over the flow of information?
         | 
         | I've always though it better to avoid massive concentrations of
         | power, but that's just me.
        
           | LAC-Tech wrote:
           | I mean there's no point me joining a platform like twitter
           | where I'm plainly not welcome. Musk might have changed that.
        
             | jungle2jungle wrote:
             | So you want to rejoin twitter, and the best way to make
             | that a possibility is to concentrate more power around the
             | richest person in the world?
        
               | LAC-Tech wrote:
               | I dunno how many different ways I can explain this.
               | 
               | - Twitter is a left wing echo chamber
               | 
               | - I thought Elon might have changed that
               | 
               | - He didn't end up buying it, moot point
               | 
               | - So I'm not on there.
               | 
               | How rich he is or isn't was irrelevant in my calculus.
        
               | jungle2jungle wrote:
               | So you only care about rejoining twitter, and not what
               | happens to other people?
        
       | cozzyd wrote:
       | Wow, this is almost as embarrassing as the Las Vegas Tunnel...
        
       | gigatexal wrote:
       | As soon as Tesla's stock started falling I knew this wasn't going
       | to happen. But from everything I've read the agreement is iron
       | clad, Elon waived diligence, and he's on the hook for 45B.
       | 
       | If I were Twitter I'd take my chances in court to sue him for
       | everything I'm owed, the full 45B or something really close to
       | it. At least they're due the breakup fee. Maybe they can 10x that
       | for breach of contract.
       | 
       | If this does go to court and the outcome is that the agreement is
       | thrown out or something like that it will severely undermine the
       | legally-binding nature of contracts and have all sorts of
       | ramifications.
        
       | mandeepj wrote:
       | I'm not sure why you guys have not noticed his patterns: he
       | always jumps-on whatever the hottest current topic is - whether
       | kids stuck in a cave in Thailand, Ukraine war (making fun of
       | Putin by inviting him to a fist fight), Twitter ( was active due
       | to leadership changes; in-general the app is popular). His idea
       | is - by staying in news, he's driving PR for Tesla. He's acting
       | as a brand machine for himself and his companies.
       | 
       | Besides all his, he has no regard, empathy for his employees -
       | the real people who made him, who he is. What an irony!
        
       | jl6 wrote:
       | What a ridiculous waste of time and energy for someone who should
       | have better things to do. What part of his solar/EV/Mars vision
       | was dependent on him owning Twitter? I hope he makes a swift and
       | clean exit from this mess, but with enough bruises to teach him a
       | lesson.
        
       | sharken wrote:
       | Seems like there is only one loose end left: will he or will he
       | not avoid the 1B penalty for backing out.
       | 
       | How that goes is anyone's guess.
        
         | MBCook wrote:
         | Not, plus additional penalties. See:
         | 
         | https://www.cnbc.com/2022/05/13/elon-musk-cant-just-walk-awa...
        
       | p2pai wrote:
       | What is most surprising about this, is that he had built up a
       | significant percent ownership before the offer.
        
       | cjbgkagh wrote:
       | It's been amusing to see the flip from people saying Musk can't
       | buy Twitter to Musk must buy Twitter.
       | 
       | Buying Twitter the way Musk did right before the most telegraphed
       | recession in modern history was colossal stupidity. I have no
       | insight to Musks liquidity, but if Twitter is able to force him
       | to complete the sale in the middle of a raging recession then how
       | much of his empire would be diminished by forced liquidations.
       | And was this decision made so he could promote Shivon to CEO of
       | Twitter? That could make it the most expensive (including the
       | cascade of losses due to liquidation) gift to a mistress (?) in
       | human history.
       | 
       | But Musk has a habit of escaping justice (see 'pedo' case which
       | was egregious) and I have a feeling there would be little
       | appetite to damage his empire due to the job losses it would
       | cause, especially in a recession.
        
         | postmeta wrote:
         | What happened to the poison pill strategy to keep him from
         | buying it?
        
           | scoopertrooper wrote:
           | A moderate breeze came along and the Twitter board gave up on
           | it after about an hour.
        
             | carvking wrote:
             | literally literally laughing out loud :)
        
           | Etheryte wrote:
           | The point of a poison pill isn't to prevent a takeover, it's
           | to prevent a _hostile_ takeover. It's standard practice and
           | once you've ensured the takeover will be fair to all
           | shareholders, as is your duty as the board, there's no more
           | need for it.
        
         | diob wrote:
         | Why would it cause job losses? Wouldn't others be able to hire
         | due to the money transferring to them?
        
           | orlp wrote:
           | Trickle-down economics has consistently shown to be a failed
           | hypothesis.
        
             | dmix wrote:
             | It's a good thing that was invented by a comedian and not
             | an economist (easier to refute it that way).
             | 
             | > "'Trickle down' has been a characterization and rejection
             | of what somebody else supposedly believed." But "no
             | recognized economist of any school of thought has ever had
             | any such theory or made any such proposal. It is a straw
             | man. It cannot be found in even the most voluminous and
             | learned histories of economic theories."
        
               | BolexNOLA wrote:
               | One of the things I like most about HN is that, by and
               | large, people tend to assume at least a fair or
               | reasonable interpretation of others' arguments.
               | 
               | In your case, you're trying to drill down on a semantics
               | issue to discredit this guy. It is reasonable to assume
               | most people on HN know that "trickle down" economics is
               | "supply side" economics. Just like when people say
               | "Obamacare" instead of "the ACA" and everyone knows
               | what's being said.
               | 
               | In both cases yes, the moniker is generally seen as a
               | critique on its own, but to act as if that person is
               | incorrect or "using the wrong term" is disingenuous at
               | best.
        
               | dmix wrote:
               | I don't think anyone would care if they used "Reagonmics"
               | instead, or something like Obamacare, those are more
               | usefully descriptive than partisan.
               | 
               | Regardless using a term that purposefully misrepresents
               | the economics behind it is not a good way to start any
               | online discussion or make a critique. And if it's not
               | purposeful then is just demonstrates a poor grasp of the
               | concept.
               | 
               | Why else would people take issue with it so often? I've
               | seen that term discredited on HN many times, I'm not the
               | first.
        
               | BolexNOLA wrote:
               | >Obamacare, those are more usefully descriptive than
               | partisan
               | 
               | Obamacare is pretty partisan, but at the very least meant
               | as a derogatory name. It's definitely not primarily
               | descriptive. It's also a callback to "Hillarycare."
        
               | p1necone wrote:
               | > Supply-side economics has consistently shown to be a
               | failed hypothesis.
               | 
               | There, fixed it for you. Happy now?
        
               | dmix wrote:
               | Yes, thanks
        
           | cjbgkagh wrote:
           | Theoretically yes, but that's not how courts view it.
        
       | ilikeitdark wrote:
       | The dude is funny, gotta give him at least that.
        
       | paxys wrote:
       | This was obvious from the moment he brought up the fake accounts
       | problem.
       | 
       | The stock market (especially tech) tanked, other investors
       | started having cold feet, and he realized his purchase was a
       | mistake.
       | 
       | It is bizarre though that Twitter leadership/board continued to
       | engage with him on the matter - even handing him internal data to
       | analyze - expecting a good faith resolution. Nothing Musk has
       | done in the last few months has been in good faith. You either
       | lawyer up and force him to stick to the agreement, or take the
       | loss and move on. Appeasement isn't going to work.
        
         | PKop wrote:
         | They wanted to cash out of a declining position as much as he
         | wanted to renege on the deal... he was overpaying at that
         | point, why wouldn't they want to sell?
        
         | hackernewds wrote:
         | The internal data grant could be so Elon has no defense when
         | Twitter is ultimately gonna sue him next. It's coming
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | camjohnson26 wrote:
         | Bad faith has been Musk's MO since the beginning. He even
         | deliberately crashed Martin Eberhard's roadster (allegedly,
         | Tesla claims it was an accident.) https://jalopnik.com/tesla-
         | co-founder-eberhard-sues-elon-mus...
        
           | hackernewds wrote:
           | Most forget that Elon did not found or invent Tesla
        
             | trixie_ wrote:
             | Most realize it doesn't matter who founded it. Elon is the
             | reason it is successful.
        
               | random314 wrote:
               | Reasonable people can disagree with this thesis.
        
               | sumedh wrote:
               | What is the counter argument?
        
               | loeg wrote:
               | I'm not arguing it one way or the other, but the obvious
               | counter is "Tesla's success was orthogonal to, or in
               | spite of, Musk."
        
               | marvin wrote:
               | You'd have to provide some pretty compelling reasoning to
               | support that Tesla is successful _in spite of_ Musk; i.e.
               | that without him, its market cap today would be _higher_
               | than 780 billion dollars.
               | 
               | Even discounting all other data, Tesla avoided bankruptcy
               | in 2008 only because Musk tricked a key investor into
               | believing that he could personally finance their
               | investment round if the other investors didn't sign.
               | 
               | You'd have a hard time tracking down a single eligible
               | CEO who could play that role in 2008, let alone get them
               | in a position to actually be with Tesla at the time. And
               | this is only a single example of a pivotal moment during
               | Tesla's history that hinges on Musk.
               | 
               | Without Musk then, no Tesla today.
        
         | inerte wrote:
         | They gave the data because if they didn't that's a valid reason
         | for Musk to walk out of the deal. The bots are not.
        
         | Inu wrote:
         | >Nothing Musk has done in the last few months has been in good
         | faith.
         | 
         | Isn't this itself arguing in bad faith? It's fundamentally
         | speculative to make claims about his intentions.
        
           | loeg wrote:
           | No; Musk has demonstrated with his actions that he is a liar
           | and his word means little. You could look at his "taking
           | Tesla private at $420; funding secured" tweet, or his late
           | SEC filing for his large ownership stake in Twitter where he
           | claimed to be a passive investor days before making this
           | offer, or any number of prior examples. If you assume good
           | faith from Musk at this point, you are a fool.
        
           | giaour wrote:
           | That's not what "bad faith" means. If GP didn't care if their
           | statement were true but just said it to make Musk look bad,
           | then it would be in bad faith.
           | 
           | Musk has been very publicly coy about his intentions for
           | several months, so it's hard _not_ to have an opinion at this
           | point. Just because that opinion may be wrong doesn 't mean
           | it's offered in bad faith.
        
           | bindle8932 wrote:
           | Musk has lied repeatedly in public, so it's difficult to
           | assume good faith from him.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | cormacrelf wrote:
         | It's because they want him to pay the agreed price. It is an
         | extremely good deal for the shareholders now, so they are
         | behaving perfectly rationally. And they can possibly force him
         | to.
        
           | paxys wrote:
           | Yes but it was clear (to all outside observers, not the board
           | apparently) that Musk never intended to pay the agreed price.
           | He was just collecting enough material from them to justify
           | his breach, and fake users was a smokescreen. Their response
           | to any questions/statements about fake users should have been
           | the equivalent of "you signed the agreement, now stick to it"
           | not "let's work together and resolve your issues".
        
             | redeeman wrote:
             | are you saying it is 100% impossible that there really is
             | way more than 5% of daily active users being bots? unless
             | you have some information here, it seems like a fairly big
             | claim to make? if elon musk thinks 20% is bots, that is a
             | very different thing than <=5%, would you not agree?
        
               | pclmulqdq wrote:
               | Everyone talking about this claim drops the important
               | word. Less than 5% of _monetizable_ daily active users
               | are bots. A non-monetizable user can exist and many do:
               | people with ad blockers, people using third party Twitter
               | clients, and people using APIs to interact with Twitter.
               | Bot accounts are very likely to not be counted as
               | monetizable daily active uers.
        
               | redeeman wrote:
               | wouldnt a bot user by definition not be monetizable? I
               | dont think this is what it is about at all, it makes no
               | sense? They public a count of daily active users, this
               | includes bots. The amount of those daily active users is
               | very important
        
             | philosopher1234 wrote:
             | That's not how i remember the last HN discussion on this
        
             | elliekelly wrote:
             | I'm not terribly familiar with the specifics of the deal
             | but IIRC there's a penalty clause that's dependent on _who_
             | , ultimately, backs out of the deal. It seems like Musk is
             | angling to get Twitter to pull out and Twitter is doing
             | everything they can to engage with Musk's requests in "good
             | faith" so he can't claim Twitter has constructively backed
             | out-- a bit of M&A malicious compliance/a game of chicken,
             | I believe.
        
             | soneca wrote:
             | They said "let's work together " precisely to be able to
             | sue and increase their chances of win for acting in good
             | faith.
        
             | cormacrelf wrote:
             | So? What does twitter care whether he intended to do it? He
             | agreed to! And they can still force him to do it. So even
             | if he drags out the litigation, they still have a strong
             | position to negotiate a settlement for somewhere between 1
             | and 40 billion. Free money for his stupidity.
        
           | asah wrote:
           | In fact they have a fiduciary responsibility to pursue this.
        
             | ergocoder wrote:
             | People keep saying this... But twitter board accepts the
             | very first offer from Musk.
             | 
             | Who does that in a business negotiation?
        
               | cma wrote:
               | >But twitter board accepts the very first offer from
               | Musk.
               | 
               | Is this true?
               | 
               | From here it seems to have gone up for $43 billion to $44
               | billion somehow after the initial offer:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proposed_acquisition_of_Twi
               | tte...
               | 
               | I'm not sure if that is because of a modified offer, or
               | the offer was based on some benchmark that had dropped
               | (he already had a large portion of Twitter's shares).
               | 
               | Also between April 14th when he initially made an initial
               | offer and April 25th when they accepted one, the bottom
               | had started falling out. Facebook, in the same sector had
               | dropped by around 10%, so by the time they accepted it
               | was much more attractive.
               | 
               | Musk seems to have timed the offer and the initial
               | separate share purchase all horribly wrong.
        
               | jaidhyani wrote:
               | Someone who's being offered $10 for a $5 bill.
        
               | ergocoder wrote:
               | You would try to get $12 at least before accepting $10.
        
               | diob wrote:
               | From what I've read, they're obligated to accept that
               | sort of offer for their shareholders.
        
               | ergocoder wrote:
               | Aren't they obligated to negotiate for a higher price? At
               | least, they should try.
               | 
               | Who the heck doesn't negotiate?
               | 
               | How is no negotiation the best strategy?
        
               | gnulinux wrote:
               | Hmm this might be hard for you to believe but I've never
               | negotiated in my life. I always accept asked price.
               | Didn't realize this is not the norm. This is _not_ in
               | business context though.
        
               | ergocoder wrote:
               | You are not running a $30b company.
               | 
               | At work, I was involved in a deal with a large company.
               | The numbers are back and forth like 10 times with adds-on
               | and discounts. It's just standard stuff.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | They're not obligated to; boards can pretty much do
               | whatever they want.
               | 
               | However, Twitter's board doesn't use Twitter and doesn't
               | actually seem to care about it at all, so they're not
               | exactly going to claim to shareholders they can run it
               | better than an offer that much above its current value.
        
               | anticensor wrote:
               | > Twitter's board doesn't use Twitter
               | 
               | [citation needed]
        
         | jiggyjace wrote:
         | Have you read the termination letter? The letter was sent by
         | Elon's lawyers working with Twitter's lawyers according to the
         | merger terms they had all agreed to. Why shouldn't they have
         | expected a "good faith resolution"? A termination can still be
         | made in M&A under good faith.
        
           | paxys wrote:
           | Where did you get the "working with Twitter's lawyers" part?
           | This letter is sent _to_ Twitter 's lawyers informing them
           | that Musk is terminating the agreement.
        
             | betwixthewires wrote:
             | They helped craft the agreement, according to Musk, twitter
             | is violating the agreement which is grounds for termination
             | as per the agreement.
             | 
             | I'm not going to pretend to know who's right or how this
             | will play out legally, but Twitter's lawyers did
             | participate in the creation of the agreement and therefore
             | the current state of affairs.
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | I think you're getting downvoted because it's apparent
               | that musk's naked assertions are untrustworthy, given his
               | track record of being untrustworthy and making
               | untrustworthy statements, so it isn't even worth
               | considering the possibility the claims are true unless he
               | actually brings some evidence to the table
        
               | betwixthewires wrote:
               | I don't care about votes. This isn't reddit. I just have
               | discussions on this site and that's all I care about.
               | 
               | But on the topic, I think I'm getting down voted as an
               | emotional reaction. I clearly said I don't want to
               | pretend to know if he's legally right or not, a position
               | which if most of us are being honest we should all be
               | taking. But people aren't taking that position and
               | they're reacting emotionally to words they don't want to
               | hear. All I've said in the above comment was that
               | Twitters lawyers did indeed contribute to the current
               | state of affairs when they participated in the creation
               | of the agreement in question. This is true by definition.
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | sorry, I didn't mean to refocus the discussion to voting
               | itself, the focus should be on the fact that elon is
               | extremely untrustworthy and thus his bare assertions are
               | worthless and not worth considering absent any evidence
               | 
               | I mean, yeah, twitter's lawyers were definitely involved
               | in drafting up the contract between twitter and elon, but
               | that doesn't really have any bearing on elon regretting
               | signing that contract which mandates his closing the deal
               | -- sucks to be him
        
               | jmull wrote:
               | Maybe there are some downvotes because this branch of the
               | discussion was about whether Musk and Twitter's lawyers
               | worked together on the termination letter and you seem to
               | have shifted to whether they worked together on the
               | agreement?
        
               | betwixthewires wrote:
               | Maybe.
        
               | notyourwork wrote:
               | Or maybe you're wrong. Maybe.
        
               | betwixthewires wrote:
               | About what?
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | Wowfunhappy wrote:
         | Presumably, if Twitter goes out of their way to demonstrate
         | good faith towards Musk, it will benefit any potential legal
         | cases in the future.
        
       | gkoberger wrote:
       | This was always going to be how it ended.
       | 
       | Elon got what he wanted. Everyone on his side now thinks he's a
       | bastion of free speech, and he can forever say "If I owned
       | Twitter, I would have...". And he gets the credit he wants
       | without having to actually do anything.
       | 
       | Twitter got what they wanted. They didn't want Elon to own the
       | company, but they also couldn't ignore the offer. So they called
       | his bluff. They would have ended up with a world of pain if they
       | didn't accept the offer, but nobody at Twitter wanted it to
       | close. And now they'll be able to sue Elon and get the upper
       | hand.
       | 
       | Both sides got what they wanted here. I just wish it didn't have
       | to distract all of us so a few rich people could mutually level
       | up.
        
         | bogomipz wrote:
         | >'Everyone on his side now thinks he's a bastion of free
         | speech, and he can forever say "If I owned Twitter, I would
         | have...".'
         | 
         | Doesn't he kind of forfeit that bragging right if he tries to
         | walk away from the deal though?
         | 
         | >"Twitter got what they wanted. They didn't want Elon to own
         | the company, but they also couldn't ignore the offer."
         | 
         | What happens to their stock price after this though if this
         | deal doesn't happen? Hasn't it basically been flat or trending
         | down for some time before this current situation? Doesn't
         | Twitter still have all the same problems they had before this
         | current circus started?
         | 
         | Also is there a possibility that if that deal doesn't happen
         | there becomes a bigger spotlight on Twitter's future filings in
         | regards to their quoted percentage of "fake or spam accounts on
         | Twitter's platform"?
        
           | mikkergp wrote:
           | > Doesn't he kind of forfeit that bragging right if he tries
           | to walk away from the deal though?
           | 
           | I actually don't think so, he gets it more because "liberal
           | big tech tried to screw him and he was smart enough to walk
           | away"
        
           | frollo wrote:
           | > Doesn't he kind of forfeit that bragging right if he tries
           | to walk away from the deal though?
           | 
           | Look at this thread, you'll find enough of his fan calling
           | this a victory because it will expose how corrupt Twitter is
           | or whatever. Reason, common sense and the frigging obvious
           | don't have a grip in their minds.
        
       | swlkr wrote:
       | I wonder if similar to dogecoin, bitcoin, and hyper loop before
       | it, if this was just marketing
        
       | xbmcuser wrote:
       | To me Musk is trying to get out of the deal while at the same
       | time twitter owners know they found a great patsy so they are
       | unwilling to release real numbers.
        
       | DoneWithAllThat wrote:
       | Well that's certainly an editorialized title.
        
         | minimaxir wrote:
         | > and this is why nobody should be reporting it as "Elon Musk
         | ends Twitter deal." Musk is TRYING to back out of the deal, but
         | Twitter plans to try and enforce the merger agreement. The
         | battle begins
         | 
         | https://twitter.com/tomwarren/status/1545527519008509952
        
       | gfodor wrote:
       | The market crashed to hell and it makes no sense to close on a
       | ~50% markup when the penalty is at most $1B. It seems kind of
       | obvious to me he's angling to get a nice discount and close,
       | since he has almost all the leverage (the shareholders are going
       | to sue the board if they end up having their stock directly
       | exposed to the radioactive hellscape that is the equities
       | market.)
        
         | roflyear wrote:
         | That's musk's fault. He signed a contract.
        
         | danielmarkbruce wrote:
         | This is all wrong. The penalty is at most $44 bill. Maybe more.
        
         | Hasu wrote:
         | > when the penalty is at most $1B
         | 
         | This isn't correct. People keep saying this, but it's not true.
         | $1B is the penalty if Musk can't get financing. He has
         | financing. He has no escape clause now, and this is a
         | transparent and frankly pathetically weak attempt to get out of
         | the deal. If he gets out at all, it will be at a much higher
         | price than $1B.
         | 
         | > It seems kind of obvious to me he's angling to get a nice
         | discount and close, since he has almost all the leverage
         | 
         | He really doesn't. He signed a binding agreement to purchase
         | Twitter at $54.20/share and none of the excuses he put in this
         | termination notice hold water. The Twitter board has every
         | right and incentive to sue him for specific performance and
         | that's exactly what they're doing. They are in the legal right
         | and have a great chance of winning.
        
           | lettergram wrote:
           | His financiers were the ones requesting validation. At this
           | point it appears they pulled financing as the conditions
           | weren't met.
        
             | foepys wrote:
             | Musk has enough Tesla shares he can sell. When in doubt he
             | can also sell his share of SpaceX.
        
               | adastra22 wrote:
               | He would sell Tesla before SpaceX.
        
             | Hasu wrote:
             | Source? As far as I know his financiers committed on the
             | same terms he did and neither he or they have any right to
             | demand proof about Twitter's user information. You say "it
             | appears" which sounds like speculation.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | adrr wrote:
       | Twitter is going to be the downfall of Elon. I don't understand
       | is fascination with it. It's a big distraction and he alienates a
       | certain percentage of his customers for Tesla.
        
         | DoneWithAllThat wrote:
         | How exactly would it result in his downfall? Do you think the
         | terminally online even buy Teslas, or use Starlink, or, you
         | know, shoot rockets into space?
        
           | dathinab wrote:
           | yes, yes, no
        
           | adrr wrote:
           | His tweets are shared on the news. Like when he accused
           | Thailand diver of being a pedophile.
        
             | beeboop wrote:
             | Thanks you just finished my HN-thread-about-Elon bingo
             | card.
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | in this imaginary bingo game you invented to avoid
               | discussing elon's failings, are you playing all alone, or
               | are you also imagining that you have friends there?
        
               | decebalus1 wrote:
               | and you just finished mine
        
           | whimsicalism wrote:
           | > Do you think the terminally online even buy Teslas,
           | 
           | Absolutely yes
        
         | dkjaudyeqooe wrote:
         | Elon is going to be the downfall of Elon.
         | 
         | Trying to buy Twitter is just a symptom.
        
         | usefulcat wrote:
         | Ego is the problem. The Twitter habit is but a symptom.
        
         | dathinab wrote:
         | Because a non small part of his success is based on portraying
         | himself as a form of real world tony stark, mainly over
         | twitter.
         | 
         | Without that he wouldn't have gotten nearly anywhere close to
         | where he ended up.
         | 
         | Because for a lot of his ventures he used that image to collect
         | way more money then the company would normally had gotten and
         | the used the additional money to try to beat the completion
         | enough so that the investors won't complain even through the
         | company didn't reach to promised (and often outright absurd)
         | goal anywhere close in time/at all.
        
           | notahacker wrote:
           | I can believe he used some of that logic to justify the
           | decision to bid for it...
           | 
           | But in reality his ventures collect way more money than
           | companies of those types normally get because he hit home
           | runs in the early internet era, then started tackling some
           | incredibly ambitious hardware engineering problems and built
           | companies that actually started to solve them, complete with
           | an exciting thesis about them being all being linked to Mars
           | colonies. That's where the "Tony Stark" reputation comes from
           | and why people bothered following him on Twitter in the first
           | place.
           | 
           | Sure, some retail investors follow him on Twitter and end up
           | buying his stocks (or some random crypto thing he has no
           | financial connection with but thinks is funny...) because
           | they think he's great, but if the difference _actually
           | owning_ the platform makes to his ability to raise capital
           | isn 't absolute zero, it's closer to zero than $44B. And not
           | necessarily positive, because owning Twitter doesn't make
           | batteries cheaper or ease the technical and regulatory
           | challenges of self driving or LEO mesh networks, but it would
           | take up a lot of his time and resources.
        
           | Flankk wrote:
           | Tony Stark from the comic books was based on Howard Hughes.
           | When they developed the character for film, they used Elon
           | Musk as inspiration for the character. So you have it
           | backwards, Elon was even in Iron Man 2. Most of his PR stunts
           | make the news so I don't think Twitter makes much difference.
        
             | mustyouremember wrote:
             | Really? I guess I'd believe it. He was a wealthy aircraft
             | designer / Hollywood A-lister.
             | 
             | Fun fact about Howard Hughes, he once crashed a biplane
             | during the filming of a movie he was directing. (One of
             | four airplane crashes he experienced)
             | 
             | The stunt pilots had all refused to try the maneuver he
             | wanted to do, so he hopped into the plane, took off, and
             | did exactly what they anticipated.
             | 
             | It's not clear whether he was pulled from the wreckage or
             | found in a nearby hangar after walking away from it, but he
             | survived and finished the movie, which made a loss despite
             | being the top-grossing film of 1930.
             | 
             | Celebrities, eh?
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hell%27s_Angels_(film)
        
               | adastra22 wrote:
               | Robert Downey Jr Met musk to prepare for the role. His
               | portrayal is definitely based on Musk, not the other way
               | around.
               | 
               | Still helps Musk.
        
         | eatsyourtacos wrote:
         | >I don't understand is fascination with it
         | 
         | I think it's simple.. he is insanely egotistical. He thinks he
         | is some super genius. I'm not saying he's not a smart guy, but
         | he was able to benefit from the early dot-com era mostly
         | because of timing- he happen to be a smart guy at the right age
         | of tech when it was much "easier". There are millions of people
         | who are really smart and work in tech but it's not like they
         | can just magically make an insane amount of money like early
         | on.
         | 
         | He thinks because he is the richest person in the world that he
         | has also worked the most and is the smartest. Both are
         | extremely far from reality- but you can't convince someone of
         | him like that.
         | 
         | Anyway- my point is he loves being able to just post a tweet
         | and have however many people read it and talk about it. Similar
         | to someone like Trump- they just love all the attention to an
         | _insane_ amount, and unfortunately technology makes that
         | possible these days.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | tick_tock_tick wrote:
       | I'm super excited for this to go to court. If nothing else we've
       | known Twitter has massive internal issue on how it polices
       | content, reports number, bans people, etc. The leaks out of this
       | case are going to be so juicy.
       | 
       | Hopefully they are bad enough we could get real legislation that
       | if you want protection from user generated content you can't just
       | ban whatever you feel like.
        
       | drclau wrote:
       | I'm curious if Twitter will kick Elon Musk off the network.
        
       | chernevik wrote:
       | The filed letter
       | (https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1418091/000110465922...)
       | isn't the knockdown argument I would be expecting.
       | 
       | Musk is saying, you haven't demonstrated your numbers are
       | accurate. But having signed the merger agreement and waived due
       | diligence, I think he needs to demonstrate that they are _not_
       | accurate. Complaining Twitter rate-limited his API access (which
       | would be very foolish on their part) or that their bot
       | measurement standards are "arbitrary" doesn't seem to get there.
       | 
       | The letter complains that Musk asked for data allowing him to
       | "independently verify Twitter's representations regarding the
       | number of mDAU" -- but where does the agreement provide for that
       | verification as a condition of the deal? Maybe Twitter didn't
       | provide sufficient information for Musk to "independently verify"
       | that number -- that means nothing without showing Twitter had a
       | duty to provide that information, or that Musk had a right to his
       | own verification. (Any lawyer agreeing to the other side's
       | verification of such a thing probably isn't a very good lawyer.)
       | 
       | The last paragraph, complaining about firings and hiring freezes
       | and departures, seems positively desperate. Who seriously cares
       | about this stuff?
       | 
       | "I relied on your numbers but now they seem soft" is different
       | than "I relied on your numbers but now they are clearly wrong".
       | 
       | I have enormous respect for his engineering and business skills,
       | he's accomplished some remarkable things. But he doesn't seem so
       | great as a dealmaker. Perhaps he's badly advised, but hey, he
       | chose his advisors.
       | 
       | I would think Twitter will sue for specific performance, and they
       | probably have a case. And Musk is liable for their full market
       | cap, and any trial would depend on a legal team that has a hard
       | time writing a clear letter. I think Musk is in trouble here.
        
         | pavlov wrote:
         | _> The last paragraph, complaining about firings and hiring
         | freezes and departures, seems positively desperate._
         | 
         | This one comes across as particularly specious.
         | 
         | So Musk is complaining that Twitter has been failing its
         | obligation to "conduct its business in the ordinary course" by
         | firing some people and slowing hiring.
         | 
         | But there's a global slowdown going on! If Twitter hadn't taken
         | these actions, he would be complaining about the opposite: that
         | by not cutting costs, Twitter would be failing to conduct its
         | business in the ordinary course in the current circumstances.
         | 
         | There's a reason why US courts have a very high bar for M&A
         | buyers' cold feet. They don't want to be arbitrating this kind
         | of ridiculous arguments.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | notyourwork wrote:
         | > have enormous respect for his engineering and business skills
         | 
         | I don't
        
         | np1810 wrote:
         | Well, here's the tweet from Bret Taylor (chair of the board at
         | Twitter)...
         | 
         | https://mobile.twitter.com/btaylor/status/154552608708969676...
         | 
         | > "The Twitter Board is committed to closing the transaction on
         | the price and terms agreed upon with Mr. Musk and plans to
         | pursue legal action to enforce the merger agreement. We are
         | confident we will prevail in the Delaware Court of Chancery."
        
         | imdsm wrote:
         | mDAU being monetizable daily active users for those who are
         | wondering
        
           | hef19898 wrote:
           | The m seems to be key, if a bot can be mobetized that bot
           | isn't a problem.
        
         | StopHammoTime wrote:
         | During a merger, discovery is absolutely a right the purchasing
         | side has. The target company should open its books, your
         | assumption about them not disclosing is incorrect.
        
           | thelamest wrote:
           | No it's not. See e.g.
           | https://twitter.com/matt_levine/status/1545152093501227009,
           | https://twitter.com/MorganRicks1/status/1545404990457536512.
           | In what meaning are you even using the term?
        
           | HillRat wrote:
           | The problem for Musk is that he filed an offer letter, which
           | is normally what you do _after_ due-dil, and there's nothing
           | in that offer that gives him a way out without pulling the
           | MAE card, which is a pretty weak reed to rely on (though his
           | most recent filing gamely works as many angles as possible,
           | as you'd expect from Skadden).
           | 
           | The buyout offer was a ridiculous move that feels like it was
           | predicated on hurt feelings over the board debacle, but it's
           | not the Chancery Court's job to protect billionaires from
           | themselves, and Musk is generally the sort of manager that
           | the court casts as the bad guy in the little morality plays
           | they make of cases. Doesn't mean they'll compel specific
           | performance (I'm skeptical that an equity court is going to
           | see that as the best option, not least because it's not clear
           | to me Musk would have enough cash to operate the company if
           | the sale went through under current market conditions), but I
           | suspect that, after protracted negotiations and litigation,
           | either the board will accept a modest haircut on the offer
           | (again, due to market conditions), or the court will award
           | liquidated damages ($1bn) plus possibly some additional
           | damages if Twitter wants to argue that Musk violated the
           | confidentiality and nondisparagement provisions of the deal.
           | (If the former, I suspect that we'll see a bunch of strike
           | suits from aggrieved shareholders land in court anyway, so
           | buckle up for a lot of litigation regardless.)
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | shuckles wrote:
         | Twitter has already said they'll sue for specific performance:
         | https://twitter.com/btaylor/status/1545526087089696768
        
           | elliekelly wrote:
           | My heart sank when I read your comment: why on earth would
           | the board sue for specific performance!? But my reading of
           | the statement in the tweet is that they plan to sue for
           | enforcement of _the agreement_ which I believe means paying
           | the agreed-upon penalty for backing out of the deal. I don't
           | at all read that statement as a plan to seek specific
           | performance.
        
             | kgermino wrote:
             | It's not a penalty for backing out of the deal, it's
             | compensation if his financing falls through. Musk doesn't
             | have a discretionary out here.
        
             | howinteresting wrote:
             | The agreed-upon penalty is when both sides mutually back
             | out of the deal. But right now Twitter's board thinks it
             | can get a lot more out of Musk than just $1B, and my
             | understanding is that the board is likely correct.
        
             | tptacek wrote:
             | Twitter will sue for specific performance because (a)
             | they're entitled to it and (b) it's worth substantially
             | more than the reverse breakup fee.
        
             | JauntTrooper wrote:
             | Twitter has a binding agreement to get its shareholders
             | cash at a price that's nearly 50% higher than todays
             | closing price, a value that the board concluded was
             | superior to their standalone prospects and other
             | alternatives. Why wouldn't they enforce the agreement and
             | close the deal?
        
               | jimmydorry wrote:
               | Because it will takes years to enforce and in the
               | meantime Twitter will have bad headlines and huge
               | operational challenges? At best, they are likely to get
               | the break-up clause which would not offset the damage
               | such legal proceedings would cause over the duration of
               | XX months.
        
               | rocqua wrote:
               | Running Twitter into the ground for 50 a share sounds
               | like a great deal for shareholders. Heck, given the
               | cesspool that Twitter is, it might even be good for
               | society.
               | 
               | It would suck for Musk and his financers, but they have a
               | simple alternative: stick to the agreement they signed.
               | It's not like the risks of merger agreements are unknown.
               | And the waiving of due diligence wasn't a minor, easy to
               | miss, point either.
               | 
               | Musk wants to back out because of price. He cannot, and
               | he is throwing the equivalent of a tantrum.
               | 
               | I do hope this doesn't end up with Musk losing control of
               | spaceX. Some actual quality is comming out of there.
        
               | DoesntMatter22 wrote:
               | He's not going to have to buy twitter, it's that simple.
               | He has multiple avenues of getting out of it.
        
               | Cederfjard wrote:
               | Such as?
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | Settling for an amount between his agreed upon
               | acquisition price and the current market value, basically
               | paying Twitter owners billions for nothing.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | Doesn't seem like getting out of it to me
        
               | rocqua wrote:
               | The contract does not give many avenues. It is either a
               | 'materially adverse effect', 'breaking a covenant', or
               | not being able to get the loans he wanted lined up.
               | 
               | -Materially adverse effects are not within play here. The
               | threshold for that is really high.
               | 
               | -The loans are committed. Banks have signed for the loan,
               | and they can't get out of it.
               | 
               | - That leaves the covenants. That is the main approach
               | Musk is trying, but it is a stretch.
               | 
               | The only other avenues to get out are:
               | 
               | - Get Twitter to amend the contract - Ignore the contract
               | 
               | Threatening to try the second (which would really suck
               | for twitter, even if it almost certainly won't work)
               | might be a way to get twitter to do the first. But I get
               | the sense that the board feels they have a strong
               | position. Moreover the board is likely getting a lot of
               | pressure from shareholders to not give in to Musk.
        
             | agrajag wrote:
             | > closing the transaction on the price and terms agreed
             | upon
             | 
             | They're definitely suing for specific performance, and I'm
             | not sure they really have any other option at this point.
             | It would be by far in their best financial interest if they
             | can force closing the sale, and Musk's objections seem
             | really thin. Doing anything less than that is complete
             | capitulation
             | 
             | I can see them reaching a settlement to agree to cancel the
             | deal with Musk if he agrees to pay a significant penalty
             | ($5B+), or maybe agree to reduce the purchase price some,
             | but why not sue for specific performance if you think
             | you'll win?
        
               | elliekelly wrote:
               | Is his "financing secured"? It just seems like an
               | incredible (and incredibly risky) long shot to me: a
               | judge actually ordering a sale to an unwilling buyer (and
               | _Musk_ , of all buyers!) is a long shot and the big banks
               | going through with funding such a big deal to an
               | _unwilling_ owner is a long shot. But _even_if_ both of
               | those two unlikely things happen what happens when the
               | judge orders specific performance and Musk just...
               | doesn't? (Not usually a risk you have to factor in but
               | with Musk I think this is absolutely a real possibility.
               | Maybe even the most likely possibility.) Will they issue
               | a warrant for his arrest? A daily fine for contempt? That
               | would be the deal of the century for Musk.
               | 
               | I don't know the right answer when you're dealing with a
               | megalomaniac like Musk but I _really_ don't think
               | specific performance is it.
               | 
               | I am cautiously optimistic that whatever it is Musk is up
               | to will eventually give rise to some cool new federal
               | securities laws. Maybe even some new federal crimes! (Who
               | am I kidding, a crime that only the wealthiest of the
               | wealth would even be able to commit? Not in a million
               | years!)
        
               | admax88qqq wrote:
               | Probably instead of arresting Musk they just sieze assets
               | to cover the damages. His assets are mostly on paper
               | anyways.
        
               | chernevik wrote:
               | Not a lawyer, but I expect that given a verdict a judge
               | can and will attach assets to force compliance. The court
               | could order Musk to sell Tesla shares to raise the
               | necessary funds, and seize the shares to do so itself
               | even if he won't.
        
               | amluto wrote:
               | I'm not a lawyer, and I suspect this gets into old and
               | bizarre traditions of equity.
               | 
               | But the damages for failure to perform may conceptually
               | straightforward: the difference between TWTR's market cap
               | and the deal price * number of outstanding shares. Which
               | is over $10bn.
        
               | gene91 wrote:
               | But TWTR's market cap is and will be influenced by Musk's
               | series of actions and announcements. Both parties would
               | have to come up with a hypothetical number for how much
               | TWTR is worth if Musk walks away without paying anything,
               | and there's no way their estimates would come close.
        
               | carnitine wrote:
               | That's Musk's fault. The market cap will be calculated
               | the way it would in any other scenario. You've just made
               | up some weird rule that doesn't exist.
        
               | humanwhosits wrote:
               | > A daily fine for contempt?
               | 
               | Probably a large one.
               | 
               | But if Tesla shares tank, and the other investors bail
               | out, perhaps he just doesn't mechanically have the funds
               | to do so.
        
               | rocqua wrote:
               | I believe I have seen exponentially growing daily fines
               | for contempt.
               | 
               | Besides, you can jail people for contempt.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | Worst case Musks tantrum over some tweet will tank Tesla,
               | ruin himself and maybe even impact his other ventures.
               | Basically he might just bring over himself what every
               | shortseller predicted years ago would happen.
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | When normal people agree to spend more than they have
               | that normally ends up in bankruptcy and liquidating most
               | assets other than a few exceptions. Obviously that won't
               | happen here because the rich have a different set of laws
               | but on the surface he either has the assets to pay it off
               | or would have to sell everything he had and start over
        
               | rkagerer wrote:
               | What specifically would prevent this?
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | De jure? Nothing, as written the law applies equally to
               | all.
               | 
               | De facto? Just observe how often the rich are convicted
               | for their crimes. Even in the rare cases that they are
               | jailed, the severity of the sentence is usually much
               | lower than the common man. Look at Musk himself, he
               | already agreed to not tweet about tesla without the
               | boards approval in an agreement with the SEC to avoid
               | punishment, then routinely ignored it and just fought
               | them in court until he won. Our system allows for anyone
               | with enough money to run out the clock until they either
               | win, the other side gives up, or the situation no longer
               | matters and the case is dropped.
        
               | rot13xor wrote:
               | Money lets you put weight on the scale to tip it in your
               | favor, but it doesn't let you fully control the outcome.
               | Especially because in this case Musk screwed over other
               | rich people.
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | I'm being a little bit flippant here and I apologize in
               | advance if it comes off as abrasive, but I think this
               | image shows a good example of the difference between how
               | regular people interact with the law, how the upper class
               | interact with the law, and how the Uber wealthy like musk
               | interact with the law[1].
               | 
               | If you have what is effectively infinite money as far as
               | the system is concerned, you can break through any
               | barrier
               | 
               | [1] https://qph.fs.quoracdn.net/main-
               | qimg-954cf5204ca388a11909bb...
        
               | brokenkebab2 wrote:
               | Is there are some sort of stats to observe? Genuinely
               | curious
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | If you are requesting stats to observe this then I
               | believe you either need to start looking around more in
               | how your society runs or you are sealioning[1] me.
               | 
               | This is like asking for proof that the sky is blue.
               | Perfectly acceptable in an academic context where the
               | laws of physics are being defined at an extremely
               | technical level. However if you're asking a question like
               | this in the context of every day life, it's difficult to
               | believe that you are asking in good faith.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sealioning
        
               | brokenkebab2 wrote:
               | I'm asking in good faith, of course. You wrote "just
               | observe how often", and "how often" is measurable. So
               | there must be a record. I don't observe much crimes at
               | all in my everyday life. Likely my life is not a good
               | sample, but it just to point out to the obvious fact that
               | what you belive to be an obvious fact may not be an
               | obvious fact, but a political bias instead
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | "How often" as used in colloquial English is not
               | measurable because colloquial English is not a technical
               | language and this isn't a technical discussion.
               | 
               | Finding examples of the rich getting away with crimes
               | that regular people do not get away with is a simple
               | google search away which is why you come off as
               | sealioning.
               | 
               | On the off chance that you are legitimately asking, here
               | are a few examples
               | 
               | [1]
               | https://www.forbes.com/sites/clareoconnor/2014/06/09/s-c-
               | joh...
               | 
               | [2] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affluenza
               | 
               | [3] musk agreeing to stop tweeting about tesla without
               | board certification of the tweet and then doing so anyway
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | When you start arguing English instead of backing up
               | claims it's time to admit you're talking out your ass
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | Don't agree, he made a claim on the intent of my words
               | that does not exist. I'm not required to accept it just
               | because you don't like defining terms.
               | 
               | Additionally did you ignore the links I provided with
               | evidence?
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | The links you provided weren't evidence to your claim of
               | systemic corruption in the United States
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | K bud
        
               | brokenkebab2 wrote:
               | >"How often" as used in colloquial English is not
               | measurable
               | 
               | So what "observe how often" means then in your colloquial
               | English?
               | 
               | I legitimately asked about stats. On this forum I presume
               | you know what it is, how it's different from anecdotes.
               | And it makes your behavior look not particularly honest.
               | 
               | You could have sincerely answer: "I have no data, but I
               | have a gut geeling/impression" - that would spare you
               | from wiggling around, and claiming that English is not to
               | express facts.
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | Let me be clear here then, "how often" for me is any time
               | the law protects the rich at an extent that the rest of
               | the citizenry do not get.
               | 
               | Did you ignore the links? The Johnson and Johnson heir is
               | anecdata yea but the affluenza defense is an actual used
               | in the court and accepted defense. I don't need stats in
               | this case when I can point to a single legal precedent
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | No it isn't like asking for proof that the sky is blue.
               | You are making an objectively false claim, that people
               | toss it around all the time and/or you truly believe does
               | not change that.
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | "Look how often" is a subjective English term people use
               | to ask people to look at the situation and not an
               | invitation to provide statistical analysis. Given that
               | the rule of law is supposed to be applied equally I am
               | pissed at even a single instance but here I provided you
               | with both a link to a case where the protection due to
               | their wealth was terrible in the magnitude of the
               | protection and then a link to the legal defense admitted
               | into court explicitly defining that they needed extra
               | protection due to their wealth.
               | 
               | But let's get to the heart of where I expect you to take
               | this thread.
               | 
               | Is there any sort of evidence that you would accept that
               | the rich get greater protection in our legal system? Or
               | is it just not possible in your world view?
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | The rich don't have a different set of laws they just
               | have better lawyers.
        
               | ModernMech wrote:
               | Any law that carries a fixed fine and no jailtime is a
               | law that rich people can break with abandon, yet would
               | ruin a poor person. A $50 parking ticket is a major
               | burden for a person making minimum wage (essentially a
               | day of their life to recoup that); whereas for a rich
               | person their money makes that amount for them in less
               | time than it took me to write this post.
               | 
               | Or, from another perspective: "The law, in its majestic
               | equality, forbids rich and poor alike to sleep under
               | bridges, to beg in the streets, and to steal their
               | bread."
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | And what provides for the rich to acquire better lawyers
               | that can produce a better outcome but the laws? Why is
               | everyone not provided a state defender rather than
               | letting the rich purchase the best talent?
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | partloyaldemon wrote:
             | They are absolutely suing to compel performance at the
             | accepted price.
        
           | xenadu02 wrote:
           | It will eventually settle. If they sue and win Musk's
           | financing will have long backed out so they aren't going to
           | end up with enough to close the deal.
           | 
           | I suppose they could force him into bankruptcy which would
           | end up with his ownership stakes in Tesla and SpaceX sold
           | off. Given how much of a loose cannon he's become that would
           | probably be better for other shareholders but who knows.
        
             | CogitoCogito wrote:
             | > I suppose they could force him into bankruptcy which
             | would end up with his ownership stakes in Tesla and SpaceX
             | sold off.
             | 
             | I don't think they'd need to force him into bankruptcy. If
             | a judge awards Twitter (say) $10 billion in damages, there
             | are many avenues to seize enough of Musk's assets to pay
             | without making him bankrupt.
        
               | DoughnutHole wrote:
               | Well the best case for Twitter isn't $10bn in damages,
               | it's forcing him to go through with the the entire
               | original $44bn deal.
               | 
               | Elon's net worth has already fallen by $65bn in the past
               | few months - I'd imagine the valuation of his assets will
               | fall quite a lot more once it becomes known he's going to
               | have to offload $44bn worth of Tesla and/or SpaceX to
               | finance a bad deal.
               | 
               | Elon won't be bankrupt in the colloquial sense of
               | financially ruined, but if he's forced to go through with
               | deal and is unable to finance it he will have to
               | liquidate an enormous amount of assets - and many of his
               | assets are already collateral for existing loans.
        
             | babypuncher wrote:
             | > I suppose they could force him into bankruptcy which
             | would end up with his ownership stakes in Tesla and SpaceX
             | sold off.
             | 
             | I wouldn't mind watching Twitter do this to him out of
             | spite.
        
               | rocqua wrote:
               | From what we've seen so far, I doubt the Twitter board
               | would do that. I guess they are suing because that's what
               | the shareholders are pushing for.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | And those shareholder's wouldn't like to get a piece of
               | Tesla and / or SpaceX in exchange for Twitter? At, what,
               | 40 billion evaluation of Twitter? Sure as hell I would
               | push the board of Twitter to sue for that if I were a
               | Twitter share holder.
        
         | seanhunter wrote:
         | I agree with your analysis. This has always seemed a situation
         | driven by ego rather than rational thought and I expect ego
         | will prevail and we will see futile legal + PR trench warfare
         | for a while. However, my understanding of M&A law[1] is it's
         | not enough for him to say that the numbers are missing or even
         | wrong. He has to say that there was a material breach caused by
         | the fact that the numbers were missing or wrong.
         | 
         | So if you say "I went into this deal thinking twitter had no
         | bots and OMFGBBQ there are bots" then twitter are going to say
         | "look at our numerous filings on bots and why not actually go
         | on twitter at all you can see there are bots" and therefore no
         | material breach. He has to show somehow that the failure to
         | provide him with complete and accurate information somehow
         | makes the deal materially worse than he could reasonably have
         | thought going in. And that's pretty hard to prove. I believe
         | Delaware has been very reluctant to find material breach in
         | these sorts of circumstances. (eg even if he was to somehow
         | prove that the bot problem was 100x worse than twitter's public
         | statements I'm not sure that would be sufficient to prove an
         | actual material breach given the difference in ad revenue
         | between "lots of bots" and "hella bots all over the place" is
         | probably not material and he knew the revenue number going in).
         | 
         | My expectation is he wants to make it painful enough for them
         | in court and on social media to drop the breakup fee but they
         | have seen for ages that he was likely to attempt this and would
         | be sued to hell and back by other shareholders if they drop the
         | fee and therefore will strap themselves in for a fight.
         | 
         | [1] I'm definitely not a lawyer but I have been involved in a
         | few M&A situations and have been advised on this kind of thing
         | by pretty good lawyers a couple of times.
        
           | lifeisstillgood wrote:
           | OK I know this is a massive tangent but I have to ...
           | 
           | OMFGBBQ ?
           | 
           | Oh My F&&&&ing God Bar-B-Q ?
        
             | myko wrote:
             | A modification of a decades old meme popularized on the
             | defunct SomethingAwful.com forums
             | 
             | https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=omgwtfbbq%2
             | 1
        
               | coldpie wrote:
               | Very much not defunct. I've been posting there for more
               | than 16 years :)
        
           | afterburner wrote:
           | The podcast Opening Arguments had two great episodes about
           | the legal details of this deal (note the first episode
           | doubting this deal would go through was from 2 months ago):
           | 
           | July 4th: https://openargs.com/oa610-elons-twitter-deal-was-
           | a-complete...
           | 
           | May 12: https://openargs.com/oa595-shareholders-sue-twitter-
           | alleged-...
        
             | KVFinn wrote:
             | Thanks for these. Everyone else seems to be theory-crafting
             | what will and could happen, but this is a practical, more
             | grounded take.
        
             | bdefore wrote:
             | Thanks for these. I listened to the July 4th one. For
             | others who may be interested, the first 20 mins are
             | unrelated and you may want to skip ahead to the 45 minute
             | mark or so for their conclusions.
             | 
             | Here is the brunt of why they think the deal won't go
             | through: because it is difficult to prove extent of damages
             | and because innocent third parties (the banks partnering
             | with Musk) would be adversely affected, the courts will be
             | disinclined to trigger the historically rare 'specific
             | performance' to compel the merger. They believe a more
             | likely outcome is Musk will instead be compelled to pay the
             | $1 billion but a decade-long legal battle will ensue over
             | it.
             | 
             | While it is an interesting listen, I wish they provided
             | more substance for their conclusions especially since
             | they're running counter to most other debate I'm seeing.
             | Third parties aside, I fail to understand how legally the
             | courts cannot pursue Musk's personal assets for the full
             | amount. But I'm not a lawyer and haven't read the purchase
             | agreement in detail.
        
               | afterburner wrote:
               | I don't think the issue is that the courts don't have the
               | power, it's that it would take forever to come to a
               | conclusion in the court given the resources each side can
               | pour into the fight, how complicated the legal details
               | are, and how poor the legal system is at deciding these
               | kinds of massive corporate legal issues (according to one
               | of the podcast hosts).
               | 
               | Since it would take forever, it's much more likely the
               | two sides settle or give up before they run out of legal
               | tricks.
        
           | prox wrote:
           | So basically it's like buying a house and finding faults with
           | it that the seller had hidden?
        
             | folkhack wrote:
             | No, I don't think that simplification would apply here.
             | 
             | The number of bots on Twitter has always seemed like a boon
             | of an issue to me. Twitter wants to keep it's
             | user/engagement numbers up and bots _do_ help them. I can
             | 100% understand why they 've taken a soft approach to it,
             | even if I find it ethically questionable.
             | 
             | I'm going to go out on a limb and say that anyone who's
             | engaged with Twitter, or knows a reasonable amount about it
             | has known about this problem for many years. I find it hard
             | to believe that Elon wouldn't have been well aware of this
             | upfront.
             | 
             | ---
             | 
             | The part of your simplification that I take issue with is,
             | "[...] that the seller had hidden." IMO - everyone in town
             | knows that house has building code issues, but, no one
             | really knows the exact extent. Unfortunately, these same
             | building code issues are likely keeping the building
             | standing.
             | 
             | The seller has a gray-area "issue" that is on the fence
             | between "feature" and "bug," and the buyer is using it as
             | leverage to pull out of a deal they're on the hook for.
        
             | contrast wrote:
             | No - the seller has reported the faults for years, and is
             | known to spend vast quantities of money every year dealing
             | with the resulting problems.
             | 
             | It's like buying a house after famously visiting it every
             | day for several years running, seeing all the faults with
             | your own eyes, telling everyone you were going to fix the
             | faults, and even trying to humiliate the sellers for not
             | having built the house to your standards in the first
             | place.
             | 
             | Edit: typos
        
             | Lazare wrote:
             | Very much like that...except you're also in a legal system
             | where the courts have ruled that the only "faults" that
             | actually are major enough to count are things like "seller
             | said it was 3br house; it's a one room shack" or "seller
             | neglected to mention it had burnt to the ground last year
             | and hasn't been rebuilt".
             | 
             | Something like "Twitter lied, actually _15%_ of active
             | users are bots, not  < 5%" would never count. But "Twitter
             | lied, 85% of active users are bots, the advertisers found
             | out, they stopped buying ads, and now Twitter has been
             | faking revenue numbers to cover it up" would count.
             | 
             | It's hard to stress enough just _how_ far Musk is from
             | showing a Material Adverse Event, even if his wildest
             | suspicions about the number of bots on Twitter are true
             | (...not that it seems likely they are, mind you).
        
               | prox wrote:
               | And so it's likely he owns Twitter at the end of this.
               | Gonna be a field day at the courts then!
        
               | nolok wrote:
               | Actually no, it's more likely he'll look for the cheapest
               | way to chicken out of this, as long as Twitter allows him
               | to
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | Depending on the development of the stock market former
               | Twitter shareholders might end up owning Tesla and / or
               | SpaceX, at least partially. A field day in deed.
               | 
               | Edit: Typos.
        
         | hackernewds wrote:
         | He's a great deal maker. But his ego, need for attention and
         | celebrity, legitimate Twitter addiction undermines him.
        
         | RC_ITR wrote:
         | It's so crazy to me that the purchase price _was determined by
         | a weed joke_ and people are surprised that in the cold sober
         | light of our recent correction, Musk is trying to get out of
         | this.
         | 
         | His _whole M.O._ is degrading the power of the SEC and DoJ by
         | pointing out they have very little enforcement power. This is
         | just another example in his long journey of "what are they
         | going to do if I just don't follow the rules?"
         | 
         | Weird way for the richest man in history to live his life, but
         | that's probably just sour grapes on my part.
        
           | papito wrote:
           | Musk is no different from your average "small government
           | conservative", which basically means being anti-civilization.
           | They won the birth lottery, and the society and the
           | government are stopping them from going from rich to filthy
           | rich _quickly_.
           | 
           | The only thing here is that Musk _happens_ to be fascinated
           | with electric cars and space travel (ever since he was a
           | teenager). We just got lucky - he could as well have gotten
           | into opioids or coal mining, and his desire to dismantle the
           | laws and norms would have burned even brighter.
        
           | krisoft wrote:
           | > people are surprised that in the cold sober light of our
           | recent correction, Musk is trying to get out of this
           | 
           | People are not surprised. People were expecting this. As
           | evidenced by the discussion then and now. Also as evidenced
           | by the contract which was drafted at the time between him and
           | twitter.
        
             | RC_ITR wrote:
             | > People are not surprised.
             | 
             | Markets moved on this new. _Somebody_ was surprised.
        
         | georgeecollins wrote:
         | Right- he waived diligence. Twitter has no obligation to prove
         | anything to him. Twitter is obligated to give him documents if
         | they are reasonable to request and helpful for him in financial
         | planning. If the documents Twitter has on hand are flawed or
         | not comprehensive, that doesn't give a pretext to leave the
         | deal. I am sure his lawyers know this and it will all be
         | negotiated.
        
           | meragrin_ wrote:
           | If Twitter fails to provide reasonable access to data
           | necessary to secure debt to finance the purchase, it does
           | indeed give a pretext to leave the deal. It is part of the
           | merger agreement. You can't tell me that a lender would not
           | want some independent assessment of Twitter's claims before
           | lending.
        
             | tsimionescu wrote:
             | > You can't tell me that a lender would not want some
             | independent assessment of Twitter's claims before lending.
             | 
             | The lenders have already agreed to the deal, where any such
             | verification was waived.
        
               | DoesntMatter22 wrote:
               | That's just you making something up. Elon waived his due
               | diligence but that doesn't have anything to do with the
               | lender. The lender can back out unless they also have
               | some type of clause in which they are lending it without
               | any concern at all, which of course they don't.
        
               | Marazan wrote:
               | The lenders agreement is with Musk, not Twitter
        
               | dspillett wrote:
               | Even if that is the case, it is between Musk and the
               | lender(s). None of twitter's business, not twitter's
               | problem (directly).
               | 
               | If one or more of the lenders did back out it might not
               | look good for then as a reliable partner for future deals
               | (not just with musk) - would they take that reputational
               | risk? Especially right now when Musk is taking any flack
               | as someone who doesn't keep their word.
        
             | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
             | it seems he was given access to the Firehose, AKA _all_ the
             | data, but curiously failed to mention that in his filing (I
             | guess it was enough, and he had no complaints?), instead
             | complaining about rate limiting on more specific APIs (the
             | standard Twitter API), which seem extraneous given the
             | Firehose
             | 
             | also, said rate limits were lifted
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | The firehose is not _all_ the data.
               | 
               | Twitter's value depends heavily on human views of tweets
               | (not part of the firehose), not on the tweets' content
               | (the firehose).
        
           | redeeman wrote:
           | waiving diligence does not mean that twitter can misrepresent
           | things though. I do not know what the true amount of bot
           | participants are, but IF it is above 5%, that would not be
           | something "due diligence" had to discover, twitter says <=5%,
           | and it had better be that then.
        
             | kbelder wrote:
             | I can't imagine it NOT being above 5%. I'd bet it's over
             | 25%. But I am hoping real numbers come out of this.
        
               | vehementi wrote:
               | Twitter doesn't ever claim its bot numbers are 5%. Only
               | Musk says Twitter says that. Twitter says its mDAU
               | (critically important distinction and definition, check
               | SEC filing for what it means) is under 5% bots which is a
               | different number entirely than what you might think of as
               | "bot count". Musk is knowingly and intentionally
               | confusing the two to get people to think Twitter is lying
               | about their numbers. If 50% of the accounts on twitter
               | were bots it would not matter to what Twitter's actually
               | saying in their SEC filings, which is that the _users
               | logging in daily using hard clients that display ads_ is
               | <5% fraudulent.
        
               | redeeman wrote:
               | this makes very little sense? in what way would a bot
               | ever be monetizable and "view" ads?
        
               | fttx_ wrote:
               | for example, if they are using twitter via a script-
               | controlled headless (or even non-headless) browser
        
               | vehementi wrote:
               | That's exactly it, a bot using headless client or
               | something would "view" the ad (trigger download of the
               | ad, etc.) but not be a real person (no eyeballs on the
               | ad). Hence, that instance of the ad display was
               | fake/fraud/bot. Customers of twitter (i.e. people paying
               | twitter to show their ads) are interested in this number.
               | Also, investors are interested in that number. Twitter
               | says <5% of its ad-showings are fraudulent - this lets
               | investors say "Twitter's revenue is mostly genuine". That
               | is why the metric is reported - it's for
               | financial/investing purposes, not a claim about how full
               | of bots their system is.
               | 
               | In concrete numbers, twitter is saying there are 1
               | billion twitter accounts, but most of those are bots or
               | inactive accounts or API accounts or people posting
               | through Tweetdeck (no ads) or joke/duplicate accounts or
               | developer test accounts or... but 230 million of the
               | users per day use a client that shows ads. And of _that_
               | subset, less than 5% are generating those ad views
               | fraudulently.
               | 
               | If twitter's been lying about that (i.e. their revenue)
               | all along to the SEC that would be a problem for twitter,
               | though not a big enough problem for Musk's claims in his
               | Notice yesterday to work out in his favour.
        
               | oittaa wrote:
               | I wouldn't be surprised. A lot of outside researchers
               | have come up with results like "at least 20%" over the
               | years.
        
               | gfody wrote:
               | I bet it's 95% fake
               | 
               | credo quia absurdum
        
             | FireBeyond wrote:
             | Given that this is the numbers and methodology that Twitter
             | has used for many years in SEC filings, Musk is implying
             | that Twitter has been deceptive to its own investors and to
             | the SEC for years. This isn't impossible, but it might
             | require a little more than a page or two of vague
             | accusations.
        
               | asvitkine wrote:
               | I suppose it's something that would be extensively argued
               | in court if Twiiter decides to sue.
        
               | zrobotics wrote:
               | This is absolutely pure speculation, but perhaps that is
               | Musk's motive for this whole charade. He is erratic
               | enough that it certainly seems possible that he did this
               | whole acquisition agreement with no intention of
               | following through simply to unveil information to
               | discredit Twitter. It certainly doesn't appear from the
               | outside that Musk had any ideas for making money on this
               | by materially improving Twitter as a business from
               | anything I've read. The justifications about free speech
               | seem to taint this deal with Musk having an ideological
               | bent to the whole transaction, so it seems possible that
               | he thought he could use the buyout to access damaging
               | information (like potentially lying on SEC filings) and
               | then back out without spending the full amount.
               | 
               | Honestly, waiving due-diligence is so sketchy that it has
               | made me wonder from the start what his true endgame was.
               | If he did want to buy the company, what did he gain by
               | waiving his due-diligence rights?
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | If I want to buy a house, I can make my offer more
               | compelling by raising the bid, by waiving inspections, or
               | by waiving a finance contingency.
        
               | gfody wrote:
               | bingo. if you want to assume bad faith why not go whole
               | hog - Musk never intended to buy Twitter because he never
               | believed they have what they claim to have, it's all a
               | big scam involving inauthentic accounts and now the world
               | knows it too
               | 
               | it probably couldn't technically be due diligence without
               | the lawyers deadlocking on how to prove the authenticity
               | of a twitter account
        
               | saalweachter wrote:
               | So, what, he spent several billion dollars on ten percent
               | of Twitter as part of his plan to tank the company?
        
               | ethanbond wrote:
               | Which will obviously not even tank the company because
               | clearly everyone sees what the product is and they see
               | what the ad output is (pretty abysmal). So the big reveal
               | is... nothing revelatory.
               | 
               | This theory doesn't really make sense and is really
               | covering for Musk's incompetence or a deeper
               | nefariousness: he needed a very public excuse to offload
               | $8B of his TSLA stock without spooking the market, and
               | he's happy to pay a $1B+ fee to have been able to do that
        
               | litmus wrote:
               | It's been stated multiple times in this thread that he
               | can't walk away just by paying $1B.
               | 
               | If he wanted to only offload $8B TSLA stock and not buy
               | the company, why put that possibility way more out of
               | reach by waiving due dilligence and accepting the special
               | performance clause?
               | 
               | Are we also to assume that he has managed to assemble the
               | most abjectly incompetent team of lawyers in the world as
               | well?
        
             | JamesSwift wrote:
             | I guess its a good thing they very specifically didn't
             | claim its <=5%, but instead claim "5% is a guess that we
             | made with some specific asssumptions, but we also applied
             | human judgement to classify bots and so it possibly is
             | higher".
        
         | Abishek_Muthian wrote:
         | > Complaining Twitter rate-limited his API access (which would
         | be very foolish on their part)
         | 
         | I have recently built a Twitter application with the new V2
         | API. They do have undocumented API rate limits[1] while the
         | developer documentation says something else[2].
         | 
         | And if you see the discussions at Twitter developer forum, It
         | takes a while for the Twitter representative to find that the
         | issue is because of the undocumented rate limit because it's
         | somewhere deeply integrated into their system(But still
         | wouldn't update the official docs). Besides the Twitter rate
         | limit covers every Twitter application used by the user incl.
         | their official Twitter clients.
         | 
         | So I wouldn't be surprised if they gave Musk a privileged API
         | token but forgot to whitelist it against their hidden, obscure
         | rate limits; Of course this could have been noticed early on
         | Musk's side and it's possible that they chose to attribute it
         | to malice.
         | 
         | [1] https://twittercommunity.com/t/undocumented-twitter-list-
         | rat...
         | 
         | [2] https://developer.twitter.com/en/docs/twitter-api/rate-
         | limit...
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Then they could have simply communicated that fact the first
           | time they ran into the limits and they certainly would have
           | been lifted. This happens to me during DD _all the time_ and
           | it has never caused a problem or an investor /acquirer to
           | back out of the deal.
        
             | hef19898 wrote:
             | Out of coriousity, would Musk's legal team have to proof
             | Twitter restricted his bandwidth out of malice? And
             | wouldn't that be hard if they never conplaibed about to
             | Twitter?
        
             | Abishek_Muthian wrote:
             | Hence I mentioned sighting rate limit seems like they
             | wanted something as scape goat from the start.
             | 
             | Besides, I don't think it's even possible to have something
             | at Twitter scale without some immutable rate limits for
             | security & reliability.
             | 
             | I mean Musk shouldn't go all                  SELECT * FROM
             | users;
        
         | stewartmcgown wrote:
         | he's mostly a fraudster who has used a cult of personality and
         | litigation to dominate the businesses that he's involved in.
         | check out the litigation against him for the solar city
         | purchase by Tesla if you're interested in just how much the man
         | is willing to defraud shareholders to personally enrich himself
         | and his family.
        
         | meragrin_ wrote:
         | > Musk is saying, you haven't demonstrated your numbers are
         | accurate.
         | 
         | It has nothing to do with accuracy. Twitter is supposedly not
         | providing the data: 'While Section 6.4 of the Merger Agreement
         | requires Twitter to provide Mr. Musk and his advisors all data
         | and information that Mr. Musk requests "for any reasonable
         | business purpose related to the consummation of the
         | transaction," Twitter has not complied with its contractual
         | obligations.'
         | 
         | > The letter complains that Musk asked for data allowing him to
         | "independently verify Twitter's representations regarding the
         | number of mDAU" -- but where does the agreement provide for
         | that verification as a condition of the deal?
         | 
         | Section 6.11, the part of the deal where Twitter needs to
         | provide necessary information to secure debt: 'and under
         | Section 6.11 of the Merger Agreement, to information
         | "reasonably requested" in connection with his efforts to secure
         | the debt financing necessary to consummate the transaction.'
         | 
         | I have little doubt anyone lending that kind of money would
         | require the buyer to independently verify the mDAU.
        
           | danielmarkbruce wrote:
           | It does have something to do with accuracy, because further
           | down the page the letter explicitly calls out the SEC filings
           | and the 5% number and the fact that it was a rep and that
           | there is an MAE.
           | 
           | The letter is throwing several pieces of shit against the
           | wall and seeing which will stick.
        
           | JamesSwift wrote:
           | > Twitter is supposedly not providing the data
           | 
           | Not really. Reading the letter it sounds more like Musk has
           | started to make more specific requests, likely in the hopes
           | of them not being able to service them. For example, he
           | claims in the letter that he requested daily mDAU numbers for
           | the previous 8 quarters (i.e. 2 years) and they only gave him
           | rolled-up numbers.
           | 
           | I find it completely believable that they may not have a
           | daily breakdown for 8 quarters, and so they can't provide the
           | information requested.
        
             | cornel_io wrote:
             | If you've ever run analytics at even a mid-sized company
             | (let alone large, where it's even more critical to keep
             | this stuff), getting daily mDAU is trivial and you'd have
             | to have a grossly irresponsible data policy to be unable to
             | pull that.
             | 
             | Nobody worth their wage drops data that aggressively unless
             | they are compelled by law.
        
               | JamesSwift wrote:
               | I dont have enough experience in analytics to know what
               | data points would be full fidelity vs rollup. I'm just
               | stating that theres no guarantee they even have the data
               | to service his requests, and I dont believe they were
               | under any existing obligation to maintain it before Musk
               | got involved.
        
             | googlryas wrote:
             | Stats get increasingly expensive and useless to store, but
             | one would think mDAU would be one tagged for high precision
             | long retention storage.
        
               | abofh wrote:
               | I mean, no? Why on earth would I want Thursday the twenty
               | thirds mDAU from a year and a half ago? If it's not
               | bringing value, it's costing money, and it's unlikely to
               | provide value, so why keep it?
        
               | tick_tock_tick wrote:
               | When I was in mobile gaming we stored that data for way
               | longer.... Do you really think twitter is throwing away
               | user activity data?
        
               | disgruntledphd2 wrote:
               | I find it very hard to believe that they don't have this
               | information graphed on a dashboard somewhere.
        
               | edmundsauto wrote:
               | Depends on whether there was UII in the underlying
               | dataset. It's probable that Twitter kept the mDAU numbers
               | and probably shared them, and Elon's people asked for
               | underlying data that aggregates up to that metric, so
               | they can scrutinize the methodology.
               | 
               | However, saving user identifiable information > 90d is a
               | challenge these days - you have to anonymize it, which
               | defeats Musk's purported goal. (And it might be illegal
               | to share that data w/ a 3rd party.)
        
               | smaryjerry wrote:
               | Your right twitter might just be incompetent and not keep
               | that data, but this would be one of the most basic forms
               | of data you need for analysis when your entire revenue
               | model relies on that statistic.
        
               | herewulf wrote:
               | Because sometimes it costs more money to discard some
               | data than it does to simply keep it.
        
               | ericd wrote:
               | When your enterprise value is predicated on user activity
               | stats, you keep your user activity stats.
        
               | inerte wrote:
               | Because there's no such thing as a regular Thursday at
               | Twitter scale. Any number of things could have happened
               | that Thursday or around it, major world event,
               | Thanksgiving, last day of Ramadan or whatever. And you
               | might have a valid data question regarding these events.
               | 
               | Heck, not only "what happens on Twitter each day of the
               | week" is a very valid data question, but even by the
               | hour.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | rocqua wrote:
           | "For any reasonable business purpose" is different from 'any
           | information you think is reasonable'. I would presume (guess)
           | that Musk kept asking for more info until he found a point
           | where Twitter stopped responding just so he could argue this
           | clause was broken.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | tptacek wrote:
           | Musk already secured financing, and most of the recent
           | financial engineering he was doing was in the service of
           | minimizing his own exposure (ie, the amount of TSLA he'd need
           | to sell to cover his end of the deal). His lenders _couldn
           | 't_ "independently verify" the mDAU, because he waived
           | diligence --- he was entitled to information as a contractual
           | technicality, but he was not entitled to condition the deal
           | based on anything contained in that information, short of a
           | "material adverse effect", which is in practice an impossible
           | bar to clear.
        
             | imwillofficial wrote:
        
               | colinmhayes wrote:
               | Wrong. He had laid out where the money would come from in
               | the deal, the bank loans have already been secured.
        
               | imwillofficial wrote:
               | Laying out where they would be from, getting initial
               | approvals is not finalized.
               | 
               | Secured has a specific meaning here.
               | 
               | I'm surprised I need to explain this.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | I'm surprised you believe you've explained it. I think
               | it's going to take you more than a sentence or two.
        
               | imwillofficial wrote:
               | This should spur you to do your own home work.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | As you can see elsewhere on the thread, my homework
               | disagrees with yours, so you haven't persuaded.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | You're completely incorrect. Banks signed contracts
               | agreeing to lend money, otherwise Musk wouldn't have been
               | able to make a serious, contractual, offer.
        
               | imwillofficial wrote:
        
             | prescriptivist wrote:
        
           | chernevik wrote:
           | I will be very surprised that Twitter's position was less
           | than "you can have anything you want", precisely to avoid any
           | complaint of non-cooperation.
           | 
           | I do agree that the agreement's debt financing provisions may
           | provide Musk an out -- "I wanted to close, but I couldn't get
           | debt b/c you wouldn't cooperate".
           | 
           | I'm a little surprised that Twitter agreed to any sort of
           | financing provision, precisely because it seems to allow Musk
           | to screw up his debt raising and then point to that as an
           | out.
           | 
           | But that is not a complaint in the letter, and becomes an
           | argument about what lenders require for debt financing. Musk
           | will have to show that lenders cared about this, and Twitter
           | will have discovery to find evidence they didn't.
        
             | FormerBandmate wrote:
             | It would be extremely hard to prove that Elon Musk, the
             | richest man in the world who secured financing for the
             | largest LBO ever in a week, was unable to secure financing
             | because of a technicality in user data which played a key
             | role in his stated rationale for the purchase.
             | Unfortunately for Musk (lmao) and every Twitter employee
             | (my heart actually goes out to them, with the current job
             | market they're in hell right now), I don't think there's
             | any way out of this deal, especially when you look at past
             | precedent like the LVMH-Tiffany's and Simon-Taubman deals.
        
             | eftychis wrote:
             | I would be surprised if not all lenders / investors did not
             | ask for such data. Especially, after the first tweets from
             | Musk.
             | 
             | Musk did go around knocking on lots of doors to get money
             | and I am not sure if he actually managed to get enough
             | funds; I don't think personally it is a good deal without
             | some internal fundamental data to prove otherwise.
             | 
             | Of course, I am puzzled also that Twitter gave him a smidge
             | of a way out.
        
             | spikels wrote:
             | Twitter is demanding "specific performance" (i.e. complete
             | the transaction) which is unrealistic given those financing
             | provisions. No court can force all the other parties to
             | close. No financing, no transaction.
        
               | admax88qqq wrote:
               | I think Twitter is working their way towards suing for
               | damages.
               | 
               | Sure you probably can't force the transaction to complete
               | but you can sue for it and when the other parry
               | demonstartes that they're not willing to complete a
               | transaction they committed then you start suing for
               | damages.
        
               | voisin wrote:
               | Specific performance would apply to Musk as purchaser,
               | not hypothetical lenders that aren't party to the
               | agreement. If he can't find debt, then he would
               | presumably have to liquidate more Tesla stock to pay the
               | full price.
        
               | colinmhayes wrote:
               | He's already found the debt. His banks agreed to margin
               | and twitter leveraged loans before the deal was even
               | signed.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | So if Twitter wins Musk has to go through with his margin
               | loans on Tesla stock. Ehich, at the current state of
               | things, exposes to quite some risk of loosing tge ability
               | to back up the loans with Tesla stock if share prices
               | drop under a certain level. Maybe he just realized that
               | risk and that's why he wants out.
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | Musk doesn't _have_ to use his Tesla margin loan, and he
               | 's already claimed he wasn't going to.
               | 
               | He _has_ to get the money somehow, but he could just sell
               | enough SpaceX if he felt like it.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | He has the financing. He secured ~1/3rd of the funds
               | based on committed LBO debt, ~1/3rd in margin loans
               | against TSLA, and ~1/3rd in personal equity. Since then,
               | he's been working to minimize the his personal exposure,
               | but he can't just pretend not to own the TSLA stock he's
               | borrowing against and selling to close the deal.
        
               | gabereiser wrote:
               | Financing has strings. I'm sure his partners want to make
               | sure the mDAU is accurate as well. The entire value of
               | Twitter depends on it.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | They can't want that, because it was a term Musk
               | explicitly waived, publicly and notoriously, before he
               | attempted to finance the deal. It was newsworthy, and
               | well covered, that Musk secured the 13Bn of LBO debt in
               | the first place.
        
               | gabereiser wrote:
               | What the media says (including musk) and what the term
               | sheet says are two different things. If he mentioned mDAU
               | could be fraudulent to anyone involved, they would be
               | interested to hear what he had to say about it. I believe
               | though that this is a move to reduce the risk and monies
               | he has to pay to try to get a better deal ($30b perhaps?)
        
               | admax88qqq wrote:
               | > they would be interested to hear what he had to say
               | about it.
               | 
               | They can be interested all they want, doesn't mean they
               | can back out of a deal unless they can demonstrate fraud
               | or gross negligence on behalf of Twitter.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | They can't just demonstrate "fraud" or "gross
               | negligence". They have to demonstrate a "material adverse
               | effect", which, as Matt Levine shorthands it, is
               | something on the order of a 40% drop in profitability ---
               | not the stock price, but the fundamentals of the company.
               | Not happening.
        
               | 1R wrote:
               | What if 40% of the percentage of users that twitter
               | proposes are real people are actually bots? Wouldn't that
               | qualify as material adverse effect?
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | Propably not if those users can, and are, monetized.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Wouldn 't that qualify as material adverse effect?_
               | 
               | Probably not. There has been one MAC finding in the
               | history of MACs. It was a trifecta of fraud, management
               | throwing in the towel the moment the merger was agreed
               | and a massive revenue drop.
               | 
               | Musk's only hope is to get his banks to pull financing.
               | That's going to be tough.
        
               | jakelazaroff wrote:
               | Would that even work, though? It's not like he can't
               | afford it; his money is just tied up in TSLA. Presumably
               | the court can force him to liquidate his shares if his
               | lenders somehow back out.
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | No, I the two conditions other than a materially adverse
               | effect that lets Musk back out are if his debt financing
               | falls through or if the government stops it.
        
               | dvt wrote:
        
               | couchand wrote:
               | 20% is on the order of 40%
        
               | shkkmo wrote:
               | "in/on the order of" does not mean "the same order of
               | magnitude as" by rather "approximately the same as".
               | 
               | Nobody would call 20% approximately the same as 40% so
               | you are incorrect.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | All I know is, he's a former M&A lawyer, unlike any
               | commenter here.
        
               | suzzer99 wrote:
               | So the financiers do back out, then what? Twitter sues
               | them for the full amount, and both parties end up
               | settling for X% of the full amount?
        
               | martin8412 wrote:
               | X=100
        
               | papercrane wrote:
               | > If he mentioned mDAU could be fraudulent to anyone
               | involved
               | 
               | One problem for Musk is he's been casting doubt on the
               | bot numbers publicly, even before the deal. One of he's
               | stated reasons for the deal was to deal with spam bots.
               | Twitter has also reported basically the same 5% number in
               | it's filings for years. If it really was a sticking point
               | for Musk he should've done his due diligence before
               | committing to to buy Twitter.
        
               | meatsauce wrote:
               | Well twitter is a cesspool of bots, mostly international
               | actors, so I don't see how material facts are a problem.
        
               | contrast wrote:
               | No, it doesn't. The entire value of Twitter depends on
               | their entire monetization. That comes from revenue per
               | mDAU, not just mDAU.
               | 
               | Why should a disinterested, objective financier care if
               | $1 billion dollars of revenue came with a real figure of
               | 20% spambots rather than the estimated 5%? That just
               | means true revenue per mDAU is something like 18% better
               | than estimated.
               | 
               | If the real number is 50%, then true revenue per user is
               | about double. If the real number is actually 99%, true
               | revenue per user is about 20x. There would also probably
               | be some very quick wins for improving the quality of the
               | service.
               | 
               | There may be an argument for needing accurate mDAU
               | figures - but Musk isn't making one, the financiers
               | didn't ask for them, the market has NEVER had accurate
               | figures for social media anyway, and there's no legal
               | standard for it.
        
               | smaryjerry wrote:
               | It's not a good thing to have more bots at the same
               | revenue because you aren't just buying a companies past
               | performance but their future performance. If advertisers
               | thought they were buying 1M real person impressions and
               | it turned out to be half bits, next time they pay you
               | money they would only want to pay half as much.
        
               | hackcasual wrote:
               | I believe the agreement would require him to finance the
               | deal directly
               | 
               | From the proxy agreement
               | 
               | > cause the Equity Investor [Musk] to fund the Equity
               | Financing, or to enforce the Equity Investor's obligation
               | to fund the Equity Financing directly, and to consummate
               | the Closing.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | I'm less certain of that, because the structure of the
               | financing was worked into the deal, as I remember (or at
               | least remember reading about).
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | I think 6.10f leaves him in trouble. No financing, yes
               | transaction.
        
           | sbf501 wrote:
           | > Twitter is supposedly not providing the data
           | 
           | Didn't he get access to the firehose, which is, AFAIK, -ALL-
           | the data? (not the 50GB he tweeted about but supposedly a
           | 2TB/day stream?)
        
             | jameshart wrote:
             | The firehose is _all the posts_.
             | 
             | It's not _all the views_. And  'daily active users' are
             | mainly _viewing_ , not _posting_.
             | 
             | Which makes me wonder why the argument about 'the firehose'
             | and 'bots' matters.
        
               | sbf501 wrote:
               | But why would the analysis care about bots that are
               | viewing? They aren't creating disinformation by viewing
               | (maybe by "liking" though). Bots-as-followers are benign.
               | The "bot problem" is bots being used to post disinfo at
               | scale to cram the entire space with propaganda, that is:
               | to quote Steve Banon "flood the zone with shit". Which is
               | what bots and troll farms have done successfully over the
               | past 7 years.
        
               | jameshart wrote:
               | Engagement signals are what drive 'the algorithm'.
               | 
               | Bots that create fake engagement signals (fake clicks,
               | fake media views, fake DM engagement, as well as fake
               | replies and likes) can manipulate what content gets
               | promoted onto real users' feeds.
               | 
               | From a business point of view, the problem is that if
               | people can manipulate and promote messages on Twitter by
               | using fake engagement, they are _not paying Twitter to
               | promote tweets_. As well, I guess, as undermining regular
               | users' confidence that the things that show up in
               | 'trending topics' really are 'trending'.
               | 
               | But bots posting propaganda - if they're any good at it -
               | might, weirdly be a _good_ thing for Twitter's numbers,
               | because they create controversial posts that drive
               | engagement into which Twitter can sell advertising.
               | 
               | Looking at the firehose tells you very little about any
               | of that though. There could be a million bots who post
               | lorem ipsum tweets at a rate of hundreds a second and
               | they would all show up in the firehose, but if twitter's
               | algorithm means none of those tweets are ever shown to a
               | human, does it matter?
               | 
               | Musk's whole schtick with the bot numbers has just been a
               | thorough demonstration that he has barely even thought
               | about Twitter's business or what a social network even
               | is.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > But why would the analysis care about bots that are
               | viewing?
               | 
               | Because the business issue is about advertising reach.
               | Bots aren't real advertising targets.
        
               | FartyMcFarter wrote:
               | Perhaps because it's not actually about the bots, it's
               | about buyer's remorse and trying to get out of the
               | transaction via some excuse.
        
             | jchook wrote:
             | IIRC "the firehose" is around 10%
        
               | dfabulich wrote:
               | No, you're thinking of the "decahose." The "Firehose" is
               | the whole thing.
               | 
               | https://developer.twitter.com/en/docs/twitter-
               | api/enterprise...
               | 
               | > _The Decahose delivers a 10% random sample of the
               | realtime Twitter Firehose through a streaming
               | connection._
        
               | whiplash451 wrote:
               | Shouldn't it be called the Decihose, then? The name is
               | confusing.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | Lazare wrote:
           | > I have little doubt anyone lending that kind of money would
           | require the buyer to independently verify the mDAU.
           | 
           | Nope. Musk's financing is not conditional on that.
        
         | random314 wrote:
         | > I have enormous respect for his engineering
         | 
         | He has never demonstrated engineering skills. He has always
         | been a business manager. But with all of the business comedy he
         | has performed this year, I am beginning to doubt his business
         | skills too. Perhaps it's the VPs under him who managed the
         | business well, while Elon remained the PR front person and
         | primary investor. Much like SpaceX.
        
           | simondotau wrote:
           | Elon Musk is literally the Chief Engineer at SpaceX. His
           | technical proficiency is validated by other senior engineers
           | who work there, as well as senior engineers at NASA. There
           | are also countless hours of unedited footage of him
           | demonstrating his deep technical understanding of rocket
           | engineering.
           | 
           | https://www.reddit.com/r/SpaceXLounge/comments/k1e0ta/eviden.
           | ..
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hIPLmZK3C1Y
        
         | fortran77 wrote:
         | I agree with your analysis, but I also think the numbers are
         | bogus. Just for fun I tried buying half a million followers
         | from some Russian guy a 7 years ago. While that number declined
         | a bit over the years as Twitter did some trimming, I still have
         | half of them.
         | 
         | (Interesting some of the followers were "real" in that these
         | were people who installed a program that ostensibly would tell
         | them who recently followed or unfollowed them, but the program
         | would also add followers they didn't know about. I saw many
         | comments like "I opened twitter and for some reason I'm
         | following 100 more people! WTF?") ... but about half of the
         | paid followers seemed like bots.
        
           | Lazare wrote:
           | That's an interesting story, but irrelevant to this.
           | 
           | Twitter claims that < 5% of their "monetisable daily active
           | users" (aka mDAU) zfd bots, where mDAU is a very specifically
           | defined term, but broadly represents "people that Twitter
           | thinks they can count when they sell advertising". Bots don't
           | tend to buy things, so any bots counted in mDAU is a mistake
           | that will piss off advertisers. (Which would be bad for
           | Twitter, hence why the number matters.)
           | 
           | That there are a lot of bots on Twitter is well known, and
           | clearly true. That Twitter happily leaves most of them alone
           | to do their own thing as long as they don't abuse the service
           | is also well known, and quite sensible.
           | 
           | The question is whether Twitter is good about _flagging them
           | as bots_. You could have a million bots following you, but as
           | long as Twitter has correctly noted them as bots and _not
           | counted them as mDAU_ , then exactly 0 count as part of the
           | 5% bots.
           | 
           | Nobody outside of Twitter knows who they are counting as part
           | of their mDAU, which means nobody can cross check their
           | numbers.
        
             | fortran77 wrote:
             | I'm reasonably sure that these fake user bots that were
             | created for the "buy followers" industry aren't picked up
             | as bots by Twitter. There's no reason to allow such users.
        
         | rbreaves wrote:
         | I think many of you guys are missing the forrest from the trees
         | here. He tanked his Tesla shares to do this deal & to no small
         | part due to Bill Gates. I am sure this express more of his
         | nervousness on just how much more expensive this deal was
         | becoming as it was costing him a lot more than the list price
         | due to him not taking into account how his other investors in
         | his other companies would take the news.
         | 
         | He's a smart idiot to put it kindly and a very lucky one at
         | that despite all of his sincere and actual efforts.
        
           | cloutchaser wrote:
           | I don't agree with the Bill gates part but you are
           | fundamentally right.
           | 
           | Elon signed this deal before the biggest stock market crash
           | for about 15 years. The deal is extremely expensive for him
           | right now in terms of tesla shares.
           | 
           | He is just buying time and hoping tesla shares increase in
           | the meantime.
           | 
           | He KNOWS he HAS to complete this deal legally.
           | 
           | That's it. It's not complicated.
        
           | DoesntMatter22 wrote:
           | What you are saying doesn't even make any sense. He tanked
           | his Tesla shares and it's partly because of Bill Gates? Makes
           | no sense.
        
       | DelaneyM wrote:
       | For anyone thinking he can pay the 1B$ termination fee and walk
       | away, it's not that simple.
       | 
       | The 1B$ is a "reverse breakup" fee, and applies when an outside
       | force (like SEC or financing) prevents the deal. That 1B$ has
       | nothing to do with any choices on either side, and is unlikely to
       | factor into this process.
       | 
       | At this point they're clearly going to trial, and it's not
       | unlikely that the cost to Elon will be somewhere in the
       | neighborhood of the difference between the fair current market
       | value (~20B$?) and the purchase price (~44B$).
       | 
       | My guess is it'll end up being ~10-15B$.
        
         | mikewarot wrote:
         | So my hunch that this _could_ lead to him going broke isn 't
         | completely off base?
         | 
         | I figure he ends up having to pay $10E+10, and everyone knows
         | it, so he gets short-squeezed in Tesla stock, then margin
         | called on any loans against his stock... then _POOF_
        
           | kgwgk wrote:
           | > he gets short-squeezed in Tesla stock
           | 
           | What?
        
             | t0mas88 wrote:
             | Yeah that makes no sense. He has a lot of stock and wants
             | to sell some.
             | 
             | A short squeeze means you have an obligation to buy shares
             | and not enough are available, that drives the price up like
             | crazy.
        
               | yccs27 wrote:
               | It's the same mechanism as a short squeeze, just with the
               | roles of stock and cash swapped. There is likely a
               | specific word for that, but the comparison works.
               | 
               | Squeezed short sellers have an obligation to get a
               | specific stock, but only have cash. There are not enough
               | market participants willing to sell the stock, so the
               | price rises astronomically to their disadvantage.
               | 
               | Elon has an obligation to get cash, but only has $TSLA
               | stock. There are not enough market participants willing
               | to buy the stock, so the price drops enormously to his
               | disadvantage.
        
               | mikewarot wrote:
               | I used the wrong words, obviously.
               | 
               | If Tesla stock drops and his loans against Tesla stock go
               | negative, he'll be forced to liquidate more shares to
               | make up the difference to keep the loan afloat... this
               | would then lower the value of the stocks even more, and
               | the positive feedback loop could let all of the air out
               | of his imagined wealth.
               | 
               | In other words - He has effectively sold shares at a
               | price by borrowing against them... if the price falls,
               | he'll have to do something to make up the difference...
               | which is about the same thing as a short-squeeze for him.
        
           | imdsm wrote:
           | $10 bn out of $200+ bn won't make him go broke though. Don't
           | see the logic in that, Mike.
        
             | parkingrift wrote:
             | Elon owns 16% of Tesla and Tesla stock is the vast majority
             | of his wealth. If the market cap of Tesla were to crash
             | below $150 billion it would be in the territory where his
             | penalty to Twitter could be multiple billions more than the
             | value of his Tesla stock.
             | 
             | I personally don't think Tesla is worth even $100 billion.
             | However, the markets disagree, and it is difficult to
             | imagine a scenario where Tesla loses 80% of its value.
             | 
             | ...but it's not totally inconceivable.
        
             | mikewarot wrote:
             | He doesn't have $200,000,000,000 in cash.. he has stock,
             | the value of which is exclusively depended on buyers
             | exchanging their $ for it. There's nothing stopping any
             | publicly traded stock from collapsing in value to the
             | physical assets of the company minus any debts or
             | liabilities.
             | 
             | According to this thing I found on the internet[1], if I
             | read it correctly, Tesla is worth $31B if it were stripped
             | and sold.
             | 
             | Most of Elon's wealth is Tesla stock... far more than the
             | actual value of the company, by a factor of more than 5. If
             | he has any debts against his stock, those could be his
             | downfall.
             | 
             | [1] - https://www.marketwatch.com/investing/stock/tsla/fina
             | ncials/...
        
             | unityByFreedom wrote:
             | It could if your $200 billion valuation is based on the
             | stock of over-valued companies which you used to over-
             | leverage-borrow, and you need every free penny to continue
             | paying back debt and keep that stock price high.
        
           | freemint wrote:
           | You can't short squeeze a seller. Sorry you just can't.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | ~10-15B$ is not inbetween the 2 numbers you posited it would be
         | between though.
        
           | jkrems wrote:
           | What they said was:
           | 
           | > in the neighborhood of the difference between the fair
           | current market value (~20B$?) and the purchase price (~44B$).
           | 
           | The difference is 24B$ which is implied to be the upper
           | bound. 10-15 is in the range 0..24.
        
           | samatman wrote:
           | That's not what difference means.
        
             | addandsubtract wrote:
             | 44 - 20 = 22 != 10~15
        
               | FabHK wrote:
               | Username checks out, to an extent.
        
               | bindle8932 wrote:
               | 44 - 20 = 24 != 22
        
               | renewiltord wrote:
               | Two plus two is four minus one that's three quick maths
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | wow. total brain fart caused me to completely skip the word
             | difference
        
               | zrobotics wrote:
               | Eh, math when written out instead of expressed
               | numerically is sometimes hard. Props for admitting the
               | brain fart though, as the sister comments show being
               | wrong on the internet isn't always easy.
        
         | beeboop wrote:
         | When has there ever been a lawsuit of this sort that was
         | anywhere near $15 billion? What do you base these numbers on?
        
           | DelaneyM wrote:
           | As in my post, assuming this reaches a "negotiated"
           | settlement there are going to be two important values: the
           | original purchase price (OPP), and the fair market value
           | (FMV).
           | 
           | If Twitter "wins", they get Elon to pay the full market
           | value. Now, they don't actually want Elon to be involved, so
           | if Elon pays the difference between FMV and OPP (~$24B)
           | that's essentially the same as buying then divesting with
           | fewer steps.
           | 
           | If Elon "wins", he gets out paying nothing.
           | 
           | So the range is 0 to $24B.
           | 
           | Elon has a terrible case here, so the best negotiating tactic
           | he has is being a disruptive asshole so TWTR just wants it
           | done with (this is playing to his strengths). I'm also making
           | a big assumption about the FMV, which could easily rebound a
           | bit by EOY. With those factors pulling it down from 24, I'm
           | expecting in the 10-15 range, and if I had to guess I'd say
           | $12.5B.
           | 
           | Pick your own inputs for your own estimate, but this is the
           | deal structure.
        
             | 0xy wrote:
             | If Elon wins his claim that they breached contract, he will
             | be able to go after them for damages. It's pretty clear
             | Twitter was lying and fudging fake user numbers, the
             | question is how much and whether that was a breach of
             | contract.
        
               | roflyear wrote:
               | You're basing this on what exactly?
        
               | 0xy wrote:
               | Twitter has previously lied to investors about user
               | engagement and paid close to a billion in settlements for
               | it. [1]
               | 
               | Seems to me that the company with a history of lying
               | about engagement shouldn't immediately be trusted about
               | engagement figures. Would you disagree?
               | 
               | [1] https://www.wsj.com/articles/twitter-to-
               | pay-809-5-million-to...
        
               | roflyear wrote:
               | No I wouldn't agree. Most of the time if you do something
               | dumb at a company you make strong rules to make sure it
               | doesn't happen again.
        
               | beowulfey wrote:
               | You should have sent that to Musk back when he was
               | talking about buying Twitter, I bet it would have helped
               | his decision making process.
        
               | Hasu wrote:
               | He won't, because 1) there was nothing in the contract
               | about bot numbers and 2) Twitter probably isn't lying
               | about mDAUs and bots.
        
               | meatsauce wrote:
        
               | 0xy wrote:
               | 1) The contract states they are obligated to provide
               | information, Elon alleges such information was withheld
               | or curtailed - a contract violation. There doesn't need
               | to be a specific clause about a particular metric because
               | the obligation to provide information is broad.
               | 
               | 2) Facebook lied about video watch time for years,
               | including in SEC filings and to advertisers (essentially
               | fraud). Is this an appeal to the sanctity of SEC filings?
               | I don't think Facebook is significantly more reputable
               | than Twitter, they're both pretty shady.
               | 
               | Why should we just trust the company, as you imply?
               | Companies routinely and regularly lie in SEC filings,
               | including big tech -- and Twitter! They paid close to a
               | billion in securities settlements for - wait for it -
               | lying about user engagement!
               | 
               | Twitter admitted to lying about user engagement in 2015
               | and paid a hefty fine for it. [1]
               | 
               | Is your argument really "the company that has been proven
               | to lie about user engagement wouldn't lie _this time_ "?
               | Seems flimsy.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.wsj.com/articles/twitter-to-
               | pay-809-5-million-to...
        
               | elil17 wrote:
               | Contract violations are more complex than that. You can't
               | simply void a contract over a little technicality. Even
               | if they had given him the data, he wouldn't have been
               | able to get out of the contract. So a judge is not going
               | to look at that and say, "oh yeah, Musk was paying $44B
               | for the company and the right to review its data, so
               | unless he gets both he pays nothing." The judge is going
               | to go, "okay the company is worth nominally $44B and
               | reviewing data is worth zilch in light of the rest of the
               | contract, so these aren't equal parts."
        
               | Hasu wrote:
               | 1) They provided access to their firehose API, how is
               | that not enough? The crap about rate limiting doesn't
               | apply to the firehose, and decent engineers can get
               | around rate limiting, so either way this doesn't hold up.
               | 
               | 2) Twitter's CEO gave a pretty good explanation of how
               | they combat bots and how they calculate their mDAUs, Elon
               | Musk responded with a poop emoji. I get that his
               | _personal experience_ on Twitter is heavily bot-infested,
               | a significant proportion of bots on Twitter engage with
               | his account and use his image as a user profile. Twitter
               | doesn 't claim that the bots in Musk's feed are under 5%
               | of users, or that the number of bots overall are under 5%
               | of users, they claim that the number of monetizable daily
               | active users is under 5%. Given the definition of a
               | "daily active user", reduce to "monetizable", and
               | consider the number of users who never post anything but
               | read tweets and click on ads and promoted tweets, and
               | this isn't hard to believe.
               | 
               | On the other side we have Elon Musk, notorious liar,
               | claiming that he doesn't want to buy Twitter because
               | Twitter is lying about the number of bots, despite the
               | fact that before tech stocks crashed, he said he wanted
               | to buy Twitter to solve the bot problem. This isn't hard.
               | He has buyer's remorse and the bots thing is the best
               | excuse he has to get out of a contract he signed. It's a
               | shitty excuse and no one other than Musk fanboys have any
               | reason to believe him, and it's not even an excuse in
               | court.
        
               | 0xy wrote:
               | >Twitter's CEO gave a pretty good explanation of how they
               | combat bots and how they calculate their mDAUs
               | 
               | Company that previously lied to investors about
               | engagement and settled a massive billion-dollar lawsuit
               | makes further unproven claims about engagement. You
               | believe them why?
               | 
               | Should corporations which deliberately lie to investors
               | be immediately trusted again, especially on the same
               | topic they got caught lying about previously?
               | 
               | Your argument is an appeal to authority where no
               | authority exists. They're liars. Not just liars in
               | general, but liars about this exact topic. Do you trust
               | BP's offshore drilling because the CEO now insists it's
               | totally safe _this time_?
               | 
               | >Twitter doesn't claim that the bots in Musk's feed are
               | under 5% of users
               | 
               | He never claimed this, this seems like a strawman. Did
               | you read the complaint?
               | 
               | >this isn't hard to believe
               | 
               | Choosing to believe a company that has admitted to lying
               | to investors is your prerogative, it doesn't make them
               | trustworthy or correct -- and it absolutely doesn't make
               | your argument based in any kind of reality (why should we
               | take the liars at their word?). Why go to bat for a
               | company with a billion in fines for misleading investors?
               | Under what basis do you believe they've reformed and can
               | be trusted?
               | 
               | I don't understand why you believe Elon can't be believed
               | because of his history of lying while you ignore
               | Twitter's sordid past of securities violations and lying
               | to investors.
               | 
               | >Elon Musk, notorious liar
               | 
               | Why don't you label Twitter as notorious liars, given
               | their billion in settlements for lying to investors?
        
               | ryanbrunner wrote:
               | > Should corporations which deliberately lie to investors
               | be immediately trusted again, especially on the same
               | topic they got caught lying about previously?
               | 
               | For lies known previously to Musk's offer, he had every
               | opportunity to decide whether to trust Twitter or not,
               | and he chose to by waiving due diligence.
               | 
               | If there's an allegation of an additional lie that's
               | material to the deal, Musk hasn't provided evidence of
               | that here.
        
               | Lazare wrote:
               | > Choosing to believe a company that has admitted to
               | lying to investors is your prerogative, it doesn't make
               | them trustworthy or correct
               | 
               | More to the point, it's _Musk 's_ perogative, which he
               | excercised when he signed a contract to buy the company
               | based on their represenations while choosing not to do
               | any due diligence to verify those representations.
               | 
               | I think Twitter is probably more believable here than you
               | give them credit for, but Musk trusted them 100% for some
               | reason.
        
               | jussij wrote:
               | So what damage has been done to Elon by him not buying
               | Twitter?
               | 
               | Now if Elon wins might be able to claim costs, but they
               | would be minimal by comparison to the original $44B deal.
        
               | stale2002 wrote:
               | No. You are claiming that the numbers that Twitter has
               | been putting in their official government stock filings
               | have been false for years.
               | 
               | Thats ridiculous.
        
               | 0xy wrote:
               | Twitter admitted to lying about user engagement in 2015
               | and paid a hefty price for it. [1]
               | 
               | Your argument is absolutely ridiculous. They've done it
               | before, and settled.
               | 
               | Seems you have absolutely no idea who you're defending,
               | which is a company that has routinely misled investors on
               | user engagement and paid settlements for that very fact.
               | 
               | "The company with a history of lying to investors about
               | user engagement would _never_ lie about user engagement!
               | "
               | 
               | [1] https://www.wsj.com/articles/twitter-to-
               | pay-809-5-million-to...
        
               | FabHK wrote:
               | Be that as it may, it's not relevant to Musk getting out
               | of his merger agreement now, which is unconditional
               | except for 1) material adverse effect (which is a way
               | higher bar than the well known bot issue) and 2) Twitter
               | fulfilling the covenants in the agreement, such as
               | continuing to run their business and providing requested
               | information within reason. Since there is no way he is
               | getting out under 1, MAE, he is trying 2.
        
               | 0xy wrote:
               | You claim that lying about user engagement could never
               | qualify as a "material adverse effect". On what basis do
               | you make this claim?
               | 
               | As a thought experiment, if 50% of Twitter's claimed MAUs
               | were bots, it would absolutely be material.
               | 
               | Given Twitter has a history of lying about this exact
               | metric, under what basis do you believe that the bot
               | issue isn't material? Blind trust in the same company
               | that lied about it before?
               | 
               | I'm trying to understand why people trust the company
               | that was caught lying to investors about the very subject
               | they were lying about. Where do you get this trust?
        
               | growse wrote:
               | For it to be relevant, the "material adverse effect"
               | needs to have been caused by an action by the company
               | _subsequent_ to the deal being signed. Like, for example,
               | the corporate treasurer suddenly going to Vegas and
               | losing the treasury on blackjack.
               | 
               | Twitter may well have been grossly lying all these years,
               | but the time to figure that out is before you sign the
               | deal. That's kinda the point of doing due diligence.
        
               | zrobotics wrote:
               | I mean, I'm anti-musk, but I certainly would believe his
               | claim they've been lying about the bit population. Both
               | Twitter and Facebook have lied about this in the past, so
               | the only part of musk's position I find believable is
               | that Twitter underreported bot users. That being said, he
               | waived his right to due-diligence, so lol. Truly a
               | situation where both sides are dislikable.
        
               | hnaccount_rng wrote:
               | But there is lying as in "not telling the truth in a
               | technically correct way"* and there is lying as in
               | "committing a fraud".
               | 
               | Musk would need to show the latter, not only the former.
               | And that carries rather stiff penalties. As opposed to
               | reading the rules very precisely and only effectively
               | lying. Which is what lawyers are for
               | 
               | * always remember that Bull Clinton technically didn't
               | lie. He in fact asked his lawyers before that hearing and
               | was told that "no getting a BJ, according to the law,
               | does not constitute a sexual relationship". In didn't end
               | up mattering because him staying president is a
               | _political_ decision. Unfortunately for Musk, public
               | opinion does not matter here
        
             | notyourwork wrote:
             | > so the best negotiating tactic he has is being a
             | disruptive asshole so TWTR
             | 
             | Been successful at that.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | And so far this behaviour earned him a law suite.
        
             | Scarbutt wrote:
             | _which could easily rebound a bit by EOY._
             | 
             | By EOY we could be in recession.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | We are very likely in a recession right now. Q1 real GDP
               | growth was negative. Q2 advance estimate comes out in 3
               | weeks.
        
               | zrobotics wrote:
               | Which actually makes Elon's position worse, since
               | theoretically that reduces Twitter's stock price and
               | increases the spread between the fixed offer and the
               | current valuation. Plus, his financing tanks since it is
               | predicated on Tespa's stock value.
        
             | astrange wrote:
             | > Elon has a terrible case here, so the best negotiating
             | tactic he has is being a disruptive asshole so TWTR just
             | wants it done with (this is playing to his strengths).
             | 
             | Twitter isn't trying to stop him, probably because they
             | don't use their product and may have forgotten they can
             | just ban him.
        
               | zrobotics wrote:
               | Banning him at this stage would almost certainly expose
               | Twitter to massive liability, especially as they have
               | shown they will ignore rules for public figures. Twitter
               | could only get away with banning Elon if he egregiously
               | violated their policies, and Elon is too good of a troll
               | to do anything that severe.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | blueboo wrote:
               | That doesn't follow. The exceptionality of Elon is
               | obvious to everyone. He's the richest man on earth (by
               | some measures), not an Everyman voicing a contrarian
               | opinion. You couldn't convince anyone you honestly
               | thought "if they banned him, they could ban me" After all
               | your latte art tweets aren't significantly, materially
               | damaging Twitter's financial outlook
        
               | zrobotics wrote:
               | I'm saying that the formerly most famous tweeter (trump)
               | fluted rules that would have gotten my account banned.
               | Twitter didn't ban trump until after Jan 6th; so Twitter
               | doesn't have any way to legally justify banning Elon
               | unless he does something equally egregious. That's why
               | Elon didn't get banned for the pedo claims or the
               | multiple SEC violations. He is such a notable figure that
               | Twitter can't ban him (without violating the terms of the
               | acquisition) without stupendously egregious evidence that
               | Elon violated their terms.
               | 
               | If Twitter banned Elon's account for a minor TOC
               | violation now, they would likely expose themselves to
               | legal retaliation. Sucks, but it seems we both agree that
               | there are separate rules for the ultra-wealthy.
               | 
               | Edit: I can't swing any stocks with my tweets; whereas
               | Musk can. That is the difference, is who has the
               | platform.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | If he's calling off the deal (which isn't a thing but
               | they can pretend he is), it doesn't seem like a violation
               | if you agree it's off. He might then get bored and decide
               | to make it on again.
               | 
               | They had good reasons for not banning Trump until then,
               | namely that he literally would've gotten their employees
               | killed.
        
             | rot13xor wrote:
             | I'm curious what would happen if Twitter stock price goes
             | above Musk's offer price of $54.20 during this legal
             | battle.
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | For that to happen, the market would have to (1) believe
               | there is a very very high probability that the deal won't
               | happen, and (2) believe Twitter is suddenly going to grow
               | significantly.
               | 
               | Neither of these seem very likely, especially in
               | combination.
        
               | daemin wrote:
               | There's also a third irrational option, with another
               | gamestop style buying spree lifting the share price up.
        
           | quickthrower2 wrote:
           | Are lawsuits limited by max(previous settlements)?
        
           | danielmarkbruce wrote:
           | texaco v pennzoil.
        
           | pqdbr wrote:
           | On the agreement he signed, maybe?
        
           | TheCoelacanth wrote:
           | When has a billionaire ever signed a contract for a $44
           | billion deal this recklessly?
        
             | selectodude wrote:
             | There aren't many people stupider than Tesla investors so
             | he's almost certainly the dumbest self-made billionaire I
             | can think of.
        
           | duncanawoods wrote:
           | Big Tobacco settlement - $206 billion
           | 
           | Deepwater settlement - $20 billion
           | 
           | VW Emissions settlement - $14.7 billion
        
             | marvin wrote:
             | In an important sense, this particular conflict is (as yet)
             | dramatically better than these -- it hasn't involved
             | thousands of people bickering for many years.
        
         | devoutsalsa wrote:
         | Having to spend $15B as the cost for making an impulsive
         | decision (when you can afford it) is a first world problem.
        
           | Ekaros wrote:
           | When does a decisions stop being impulsive? Probably at point
           | when enough lawyers are hired to write a contract...
        
             | devoutsalsa wrote:
             | It probably depends on how much you need to think about it.
             | If you have a minion to whom you can say "I'd like to buy
             | Twitter, go figure it out, then let me know where to sign",
             | there's a lot of room for being impulsive.
        
           | hef19898 wrote:
           | Tesla and SpaceX success is depending on the public opinion
           | of Musk. If he ends up paying 15 _billion_ (or whatever the
           | number is) over a botched take over, one that had a negative
           | impact on Tesla shares, this opinion might just change. In
           | which case Teslas future preception as a tech company might
           | be at risk.
        
             | sekai wrote:
             | > Tesla and SpaceX success is depending on the public
             | opinion of Musk
             | 
             | No it does not, SpaceX results speak for themselves, they
             | have no competition. Same with Tesla, just check their
             | vehicles sold charts.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | SpaceX competition: Arianne space and a bunch of
               | upstarts, plus every other commercial launch service
               | excluding the Russians at the moment.
               | 
               | Tesla's competition: every other car marker.
        
               | tigershark wrote:
               | Spacex has literally no competition. No one else has
               | reusable rockets and starship will soon be a rapid
               | reusable heavy launch vehicle.
        
               | ies7 wrote:
               | Just pray that the cost isn't 10 times normal one and can
               | only be used 9 times.
        
               | diebeforei485 wrote:
               | The other space companies don't have the cost structure
               | advantages of reusability.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | An advantage that we cannot be sure exists to begin with
               | since SpaceX isn't piblishing financials. And for some
               | launches Arianne Space is already now competitive using
               | the Arianne 5, by all means an out dated design, one that
               | was initially intended to carry a European space shuttle
               | into space.
               | 
               | More generally so, I have no idea why people expect any
               | company to own a market completely. Any market is usually
               | big enough for one than one company to be successful.
        
             | tgsovlerkhgsel wrote:
             | It might also be the kind of wake-up call that gets him to
             | be less impulsive.
        
           | tommoor wrote:
           | It's also a world first problem
        
         | iLoveOncall wrote:
         | > the difference between the fair current market value (~20B$?)
         | and the purchase price (~44B$)
         | 
         | Why would the current market price have anything to do here?
         | Twitter want him to be forced to buy for $44B, not a penny
         | less.
        
           | TheCoelacanth wrote:
           | The original purchase price minus the current market value is
           | how much they lose if he backs out of the deal, so that's the
           | ballpark of what they would want to get paid to let him not
           | buy Twitter.
        
             | iLoveOncall wrote:
             | That's not true, they lose more. If it is acquired they
             | sell all their shares instantly without any negative effect
             | on the price of the shares. If they did that not as part of
             | an acquisition, the share price would tank.
        
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