[HN Gopher] Steelmanning: Discover the truth by helping your opp...
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       Steelmanning: Discover the truth by helping your opponent
        
       Author : kjhughes
       Score  : 252 points
       Date   : 2022-06-30 23:52 UTC (23 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (themindcollection.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (themindcollection.com)
        
       | anothernewdude wrote:
       | I feel like referring to them as an opponent isn't helping
       | matters.
        
       | yk wrote:
       | Steelmanning is one of the ideas that sounds good in principle,
       | but is usually a disaster in practice. In practice the only way
       | I've ever seen it used was by building a straw man and then very
       | loudly proclaiming that they're "steelmanning" while exploiting
       | the second most stupid design flaw of the straw man.
       | 
       | Closely related, point two "Help to fix your opponents argument,"
       | apart from being inherently escalatory, there is a pretty good
       | chance that your opponent just made the argument like it is
       | supposed to be and you're just not understanding it.
        
         | ch4s3 wrote:
         | If your point here is that arguing against the best version of
         | someone's argument leads you to tackle their more credible
         | claims, then I don't see the problem. It sounds like at worst,
         | that might elevate a discussion a bit.
         | 
         | I've seen this approach in some oxford style debates and
         | thought it made the debate better, as a viewer.
        
       | spacemanmatt wrote:
       | Not all types of argument deserve this treatment.
        
         | avindroth wrote:
         | True, but some of your best insights come from steelmanning
         | arguments you initially thought were completely bogus.
        
           | spacemanmatt wrote:
           | Sounds like steelmanning is just another name for thinking
           | things all the way through, then?
        
         | scifibestfi wrote:
         | How do you know until you steelman it?
        
           | spacemanmatt wrote:
           | Why don't you steelman me and find out.
        
         | LAC-Tech wrote:
         | Afraid you might change your mind?
        
           | spacemanmatt wrote:
           | No, I'm experienced enough to recognize a
           | dishonest/disingenuous argument from the start and while I
           | might pay it a little bit of lip service, I'm not seriously
           | entertaining certain categories of conversation or
           | argumentation.
        
           | MattRix wrote:
           | It is not hard to think of examples where steelmanning would
           | not be worthwhile, such as when someone thinks an entire
           | group of people is inferior. And unfortunately these types of
           | views underly a surprisingly large number of political
           | opinions these days.
        
             | icelancer wrote:
             | >> such as when someone thinks an entire group of people is
             | inferior
             | 
             | A point of steelmanning is that your assumption that this
             | person thinks an entire group of people is inferior might
             | be incorrect.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | It feels good to be superior. And people really really
               | like theries that make them feel superior. They also
               | really really dislike walking away from then, catching
               | any straws to be able to keep that feeling.
               | 
               | Your grand plan will fail the moment you finally get to
               | the "incorrect" part. Cause there you dealing with
               | additional feeling of loss you yourself just caused.
        
             | LAC-Tech wrote:
             | Again, are you afraid you might change your mind?
             | 
             | I like to think I have a pretty good idea of why people -
             | whose ideas I find repulsive - believe what they do.
             | 
             | In my mind that means I have the capability to change their
             | mind. The risk I take is that they can change mine.
        
               | XorNot wrote:
               | Why are _you_ up and down this thread defending a
               | technique while refusing to ever enunciate a single
               | position you think you understand, or have had your mind
               | changed on?
               | 
               | Afraid there might be some really good reasons they're
               | not worth talking about?
        
               | LAC-Tech wrote:
               | Because of comments like this, basically.
        
               | hitekker wrote:
               | Ironically, I haven't seen steelmanning demonstrated well
               | in this comment section. Lots of praise, specious
               | examples. The top comment claims that a heated back-and-
               | forth where they recommend steelmanning is a successful
               | discussion. Hmmm.
               | 
               | Steelmanning in practice may just be indistinguishable
               | from trolling. The lazy redditor wants to look smarter
               | than other redditors, by making a convoluted argument
               | that no one believes in. It's intellectual posturing
               | dressed up in "good faith".
        
               | spacemanmatt wrote:
               | You seem to have confused contrarianism with
               | steelmanning.
        
         | apostacy wrote:
         | You don't engage in Steelmanning to be nice. It is for your
         | benefit.
         | 
         | Demonstrating that you fully understand an argument better than
         | your opponent, and being able to charitably represent them,
         | just makes it all the more devastating when you knock them
         | down.
         | 
         | If you really disagree with an argument vehemently, then you
         | should steelman it. Strawmanning makes you look dishonest and
         | fragile, only capable of attacking a weakened form of your
         | opposition.
         | 
         | If someone who has really abhorrent opinions tries making their
         | argument, then you are letting them win if you strawman them.
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | That is not how debates work at all.
        
             | spacemanmatt wrote:
             | I do not think anyone will disagree with you. I don't think
             | debates are about communication, but I think some people
             | here might be trying to address communication tactics.
        
           | spacemanmatt wrote:
           | If you're so convinced that steelmanning is for the great
           | benefit of everyone then why are you arguing with me instead
           | of steelmanning my perspective? Or is not every position
           | worthy of steelmanning?
        
       | ameminator wrote:
       | I don't find modern debate useful. I found myself with more
       | "intellectual stakes" in an argument. In good faith, I would be
       | more willing and able to change my mind or conclusions based on
       | facts or good points made. Rather than make me more informed, it
       | only served to weaken the side I presented in an argument, as the
       | other sides of the debate would _not_ argue in an equivalently
       | good-faith. In hindsight, I would identify some fallacy or point
       | I didn't consider - usually well after the debate had ended,
       | meaning I didn't even benefit from the good-faith approach that I
       | took.
       | 
       | Nowadays, I try to read as much as I can and come to my own
       | conclusions in quiet contemplation. The debate was merely a
       | distraction from my real goal of improved understanding. In that
       | context, I don't have any expectations on debating at all, let
       | alone using a rhetorical technique like steelmanning.
        
       | amadeuspagel wrote:
       | Is it really likely that you can make a better case for the views
       | of your opponents then they themselves? Is attempting that from
       | scratch a better use of your time then reading the actual
       | arguments that your opponents have? It seems to me that
       | steelmanning often serves as an excuse to avoid that.
        
       | gregwebs wrote:
       | There is an assumption in this article and many of the critiques
       | in the comments that steelmanning is primarily useful for
       | debating someone else. But debating is usually a trap where
       | neither side achieves much. steelmanning is useful for having an
       | actual conversation and to remind you in the words of Benjamin
       | Franklin to "consult not contend".
       | 
       | For me, most of the value of steelmanning is internal:
       | questioning beliefs by dropping them and making the case for both
       | sides. And when you find someone else doing this in their writing
       | (for example Lyn Alden), you know you have found a useful source
       | of information.
        
       | infologics wrote:
        
       | verdagon wrote:
       | This technique really changed the way I engage with others' ideas
       | [0], the way I approach language design [1], and even my
       | relationships. It's so easy for us humans to get caught in a "me
       | vs. you" mentality, but steel-manning really helps break out of
       | that pattern and meaningfully connect with what others are
       | saying.
       | 
       | It also unlocks the next level of rationality: the ability to
       | admit you're wrong. After that one just needs to learn to
       | actively test their own beliefs, and they can harness the true
       | powers of the human mind.
       | 
       | My favorite snippet from Harry Potter and the Methods of
       | Rationality: [2]
       | 
       | "But make no mistake, Draco, true science really isn't like
       | magic, you can't just do it and walk away unchanged like learning
       | how to say the words of a new spell. The power comes with a cost,
       | a cost so high that most people refuse to pay it."
       | 
       | Draco nodded at this as though, finally, he'd heard something he
       | could understand. "And that cost?"
       | 
       | "Learning to admit you're wrong."
       | 
       | [0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31937109
       | 
       | [1] https://vale.dev/
       | 
       | [2] https://www.hpmor.com/chapter/7
        
         | seanp2k2 wrote:
         | HPMoR is a national treasure. If, as a Harry Potter and science
         | fan, you ever find yourself with a few days free to read
         | something ridiculous yet insanely entertaining, give it a go.
        
         | stormdennis wrote:
         | "You cannot always be right. You should try being wrong
         | sometime, because you might learn something." -Johnny Depp
        
         | TrainedMonkey wrote:
         | And now I am going to have to re-read that masterpiece... le
         | sigh
        
           | verdagon wrote:
           | Definitely a masterpiece! I love this series. It's a
           | wonderful blend of Ender's Game, cognitive science, and
           | wizardly tomfoolery.
           | 
           | Readers loved it so much that an entire cast of volunteers
           | banded together as voice actors to make an audiobook podcast
           | out of it. [0]
           | 
           | Then, so many people listened to that and loved it, that
           | folks even did an analysis podcast talking about the story
           | chapter by chapter! [1]
           | 
           | And then, people did an analysis podcast of the analysis
           | podcast! [2]
           | 
           | Anyone who hasn't read or listen to HPMoR should definitely
           | give it a try.
           | 
           | [0] https://hpmorpodcast.com/
           | 
           | [1] https://hpmorpodcast.com/?p=2336
           | 
           | [2] https://www.patreon.com/posts/meta-mor-1-34064648
        
             | at_compile_time wrote:
             | Oh my god, I'm so glad this is a thing. I stumbled on HPMoR
             | last summer and marathoned the whole thing.
        
             | JoshTriplett wrote:
             | I love the original podcast and voices (and musical
             | choices). There's another new audiobook version coming out
             | chapter-by-chapter with a new narrator, which is also
             | turning out quite well.
        
               | seanp2k2 wrote:
               | Hopefully some day we'll have voice emulation so good
               | that it can do convincing voice acting. I'd love these in
               | the voice of Benedict Cumberbatch.
        
         | Emma_Goldman wrote:
         | >"But steel-manning really helps break out of that pattern and
         | meaningfully connect with what others are saying."
         | 
         | Steelmanning means that you ignore the argument your
         | interlocuter makes, in favour of the argument you think they
         | should have made. It runs diametrically counter to trying to
         | 'meaningfully connect with what others are saying'.
         | 
         | If someone says 'X because Y', and you respond 'I think you
         | mean X because Z but that's wrong', you have simply spoken past
         | your interlocuter. Perhaps they actually meant 'X because Y2',
         | but you didn't give them time to expand upon what '2' is. Or
         | perhaps there's some other subtlety or depth that they have yet
         | to expatiate.
         | 
         | There are lots of associated problems:
         | 
         | 1. It is very difficult to say what a different version of the
         | 'same' argument is. Perhaps you reason from different premises
         | to the same conclusion. Perhaps you reason from the same
         | premise to a better conclusion. Perhaps you use a similar style
         | or tradition of argument. Really, only your interlocuter knows
         | what 'their' argument is.
         | 
         | 2. What you think is the strongest version of an argument is,
         | may not be what a second or third person thinks the strongest
         | argument is. In some realms - moral and political - there are
         | no mind-independent facts in reference to which one argument
         | can be objectively justified over another. 'Strongest' is
         | therefore relative.
         | 
         | 3. If you default to talking about an argument your opponent
         | did not make, that is liable to create enormous confusion. If
         | they did the same thing, you would end up never actually
         | talking to one another. It would be like Chinese whispers, each
         | rationally reconstructing the other's last statement.
         | 
         | What you really want to do is both 'interpret and understand'
         | another's point of view, and then argue it through. The OP's
         | link actually does a pretty good job of describing just that,
         | but I think describing that as 'steelmannanning' is a misnomer.
         | It's just philosophy as it has been understood for millennia.
         | Steelmanning is supposed to be something more original.
         | 
         | Looking it up, this is claimed to be the original coinage of
         | the word:
         | 
         | 'Then we would be steelmanning, the art of addressing the best
         | form of the other person's argument, even if it's not the one
         | they presented.'[1]
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://themerelyreal.wordpress.com/2012/12/07/steelmanning/
        
           | theelous3 wrote:
           | I strongly disagree with this interpretation. To the strength
           | of your claims, the steelmanner is more engaging with
           | themselves rather than the other person. Imagine a chess
           | player playing both sides.
           | 
           | This of course isn't what steelmanning looks like. It's
           | simply an extension of good faith. The other person needs to
           | be there and needs to have their personal claims and beliefs
           | represented in the steelman.
           | 
           | The most common steelman tactic is, after your opponent
           | finishes a point, saying something to the effect of "Just so
           | we're on the level, I'm going to restate what I believe your
           | argument is and you can correct me if I've misinterpreted
           | something".
           | 
           | Then you restate a summary of the argument in your own words
           | and in good faith, bolstering it or lending structure where
           | needed, or perhaps adding an obvious missing caveat. Then the
           | person has a chance to correct you. They can kick out any
           | supports they don't want you to add or recind any caveats.
           | 
           | From there, you can progress.
           | 
           | This is what steelmanning looks like. The form of an argument
           | and the crux of it are not the same. It's good faith to
           | interpret the form favourably.
           | 
           | Even in the most poorly stated arguments the core concept can
           | be derived. You can give the person a better path to this
           | central idea so as to ignore time waste arguments about the
           | route, and instead attack that core idea.
           | 
           | You've ironically painted a hollow and one dimensional view
           | of steelmanning.
        
             | michaelt wrote:
             | _> you restate a summary of the argument in your own words
             | and in good faith, bolstering it or lending structure where
             | needed [...] Then the person has a chance to correct you._
             | 
             | Where are y'all seeing these debates actually happen?
             | 
             | I always assumed steelmanning was a process you conduct
             | entirely in your mind, while deciding your opinion or
             | writing your editorial.
        
           | jameshart wrote:
           | Did you just... strawman the concept of steelmanning?
        
             | pcthrowaway wrote:
             | They did, and they did it by conflating steelmanning with
             | strawmanning
        
           | zimbatm wrote:
           | > Steelmanning means that you ignore the argument your
           | interlocuter makes, in favour of the argument you think they
           | should have made. It runs diametrically counter to trying to
           | 'meaningfully connect with what others are saying'.
           | 
           | That's not quite steelmanning.
           | 
           | Steelmanning means that you rephrase the argument your
           | interlocuter makes, with your own words, until _they_ agree
           | that it 's the same or close enough. That's what creates the
           | connection.
           | 
           | The agreement is the important distinction and what creates
           | the connection. Even if you disagree, at least there is a
           | level of respect that comes from hearing the person out and
           | not misrepresenting their point.
           | 
           | Your definition is quite close but is skipping that last step
           | that makes all the difference.
        
             | feintruled wrote:
             | Thanks for the clarification. I recently read of
             | steelmanning too by coincidence and have been fascinated
             | with how it might work in practice.
             | 
             | I think it also means you should assume good faith too,
             | right? So if someone says they are anti-abortion but pro-
             | death penalty (for example) you don't jump on the hypocrisy
             | as you see it but say "I see, so for you there is some
             | material difference between the life of an unborn child and
             | the life of a convict." When put this way it is easy to see
             | where the other person's rationale is coming from.
             | 
             | I guess it like the Socractic method (except a little less
             | confrontational) in which you restate the opponents
             | statements in terms they can agree with, then follow up
             | with questions exploring that until you trap them in a
             | contradiction even they are forced to recognise.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | > I see, so for you there is some material difference
               | between the life of an unborn child and the life of a
               | convict.
               | 
               | Pro abortion position is that unborn fetus is not a
               | child. You are conceding pretty large point when you are
               | framing it like this.
        
               | feintruled wrote:
               | Well, that's what they think isn't it? That's what I
               | understand the steelmanning technique to be. Frame the
               | argument as best you can in the way they see it, then you
               | discover the assumptions that led them to their
               | conclusion.
        
               | wl wrote:
               | That's certainly one pro-abortion position, but not the
               | only one.
               | 
               | The more general position is that whatever interests a
               | fetus may or may not have to continued life is outweighed
               | by the bodily autonomy interests of the mother in a given
               | scenario. The Violinist Argument is a classic thought
               | experiment that argues even if the continued life in
               | question belongs to fully-grown adult human who happens
               | to be a world-class artist, bodily autonomy _still_ wins.
        
               | throwawaygal7 wrote:
               | Generally, pro life people arent going to find the
               | violinists argument forceful: 1) the violinist is framed
               | as being particularly valuable due to their talent, this
               | is not a shared assumption between the two camps, and
               | even if it was - every baby is a potential violinist.
               | 
               | 2) the violinist is not offspring, and there is no
               | parent-child relationship
               | 
               | 3) extraordinary means were and are required to maintain
               | the violinist, this is unlike a pregnancy - where
               | extraordinary means are required to end it.
        
               | feet wrote:
               | Things in the realm of anti abortion and pro death
               | penalty break down when you get down to the root of
               | things, which is free will and innocence of the unborn
               | soul
               | 
               | From my understanding that's what is behind both of these
               | ideologies, and both of those things are 100% made up
               | fiction
               | 
               | There is literally no evidence for an immaterial soul and
               | there is actually evidence that free will is an illusion,
               | but the people who believe things things have their
               | beliefs rooted in religion
        
               | Karunamon wrote:
               | Your understanding misses that there are secular and
               | philosophical arguments to be made against both of those
               | things, no need to invoke religion or go on an antitheist
               | tirade.
        
               | feet wrote:
               | Well philosophical arguments aren't based on evidence
               | from what I've seen, so we can reject those right away
               | 
               | What are the secular arguments?
        
               | NateEag wrote:
               | > Things in the realm of anti abortion and pro death
               | penalty break down when you get down to the root of
               | things, which is free will and innocence of the unborn
               | soul
               | 
               | ...no?
               | 
               | The essential point of steelmanning is understanding your
               | opponent's perspective, perhaps even finding a better
               | argument for it than they have, even if you disagree with
               | them.
               | 
               | It's perfectly possible to do that even if you think
               | their position is nonsense.
               | 
               | Sometimes you may even find that your perception of their
               | arguments and ideas is incorrect.
               | 
               | > There is literally no evidence for an immaterial soul
               | 
               | There's no hard evidence, but there are things that are,
               | let's say, weird. The hard problem of consciousness is
               | one, and the steady trickle of reports of veridical
               | observations from medical staff treating unconscious NDE
               | patients is another. For that matter, NDEs themselves are
               | odd in absentia the supernatural.
               | 
               | I don't expect people to grant souls or the supernatural
               | based on those things, but they're certainly observed
               | phenomena that some people interpret as evidence for
               | those things.
               | 
               | > there is actually evidence that free will is an
               | illusion
               | 
               | If you're referring to Libet's analysis of the
               | Bereitschaftspotential experiments, there has been some
               | acceptance in the past few years that this paper shows he
               | misinterpreted the data:
               | 
               | https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1210467109
               | 
               | Popular summary of the debate in The Atlantic:
               | 
               | https://archive.ph/SHH0p
               | 
               | If you're referring to other evidence, I'd love to know
               | what it is.
        
               | feet wrote:
               | Consciousness is the experience if processing
               | information, there is no reason to believe its anything
               | more than that
               | 
               | There are also other studies besides the Libet ones, more
               | recent ones using things like fMRI and _in vivo_
               | electrophysiology in awake human patients.
               | 
               | If we think about how neurons and their networks
               | function, there isn't a mechanism in the realm of
               | biophysics that allows for nondeterminism. That alone
               | precludes the possibility of what people classically
               | think of as free will. I've had discussions with other
               | neuroscientists about this and they came to the same
               | conclusion.
               | 
               | Just because something seems "weird" doesn't actually
               | mean anything and its likely the person's perception of
               | the situation that instills that feeling.
               | 
               | Near death experiences are entirely subjective, again its
               | perception and information processing. The brain is great
               | at connecting concepts and generating ideas even while
               | we're unconscious. Its not like we stop processing
               | sensory information when we aren't active.
               | 
               | As someone who studies behavioral neuroscience, I would
               | _never_ use an NDE itself as evidence of _anything_
               | besides the fact that it is a phenomena that happens
               | sometimes
               | 
               | There is a decent overview on wikipedia, they do discuss
               | criticisms as well:
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroscience_of_free_will
               | 
               | As a side note, I don't think that paper on pnas
               | concludes what you think it does. They state that a
               | stochastic model could account for the buildup, in
               | reality the stochastic model is simulating the chaotic
               | environment of biochemistry. That environment is still
               | deterministic and we absolutely could predict the entire
               | system if we are able to simulate all of the variables.
               | 
               | Neurons are complex, but no matter how you slice it they
               | are still a deterministic system
        
         | nuclearnice1 wrote:
         | Andrew Gelman offered a brief, mild critique of steelmanning
         | [1] which you may find worth reading.
         | 
         | [1] https://statmodeling.stat.columbia.edu/2022/04/28/the-
         | challe...
        
           | jrumbut wrote:
           | There seems to be two subtly different definitions of steel
           | manning.
           | 
           | The first one, and the one I think should always be done, is
           | to engage with the best argument that has actually been
           | presented by someone holding the opposing view.
           | 
           | The second version, and this one I don't fully understand,
           | seems to involve defining your own strongest argument for the
           | other view.
           | 
           | This version, in my experience, can go a few directions. Most
           | often it turns into a more elaborate version of strawmanning
           | ("and so we see, even with this strongest possible argument
           | it still fails!"). It can also be a way toward compromise
           | ("so if you're right, this much more limited form of my
           | proposal still has value"). Or it can go to talking past each
           | other (refuting vegetarianism without touching on the
           | suffering of animals because you don't care about that, but
           | many vegetarians do).
           | 
           | The first version is a requisite for truly debating rather
           | than sloganeering. The second version is a mixed bag.
        
             | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
             | I think the second form is supposed to be a superset; you
             | try to find all the best arguments you can for every
             | position. That includes the ones other people are using,
             | but if you can think of a better case to make for them then
             | you should answer that as well. In no event should you ever
             | say "you're arguing X but Y is a better argument and that's
             | false so you're wrong" without _also_ answering X, but
             | "you're arguing X, which is wrong because X', but a better
             | argument for your position is Y" is still legitimate.
        
             | dwringer wrote:
             | I think you've nailed why I've always felt slightly
             | uncomfortable with "steelmanning" and I vastly prefer the
             | alternative mentioned in the above rebuttal, "benefit of
             | the doubt". So often "steelmanning" is indeed just another
             | form of strawman, because at some level it's usually easy
             | to misunderstand the perspective from which someone else is
             | arguing (often the whole reason for getting into a heated
             | debate in the first place). Giving someone the benefit of
             | the doubt doesn't require any (possibly false) projection
             | of having mutual understanding, but simply an attitude that
             | "I may not understand it, but your argument is probably
             | just as valid as mine". IMHO the real way to oppose the
             | strawman fallacy or any other is simply to argue coherently
             | in good faith, not to adopt a new potential fallacy on
             | principle.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | verdagon wrote:
           | A good read, thanks for the link.
           | 
           | I think I'd disagree with his take on steelmanning though. He
           | seems to think that in steelmanning, you need to assume the
           | same assumptions as your opponent, thus precluding alternate
           | possibilities.
           | 
           | But, in steelmanning, you need to ask the opposing side if
           | your understanding of their point is correct, and also list
           | out all the assumptions made along the way to get to that
           | claim.
           | 
           | Once the assumptions are spoken out loud, it's easy to
           | identify and focus on the first branch of disagreement. It
           | saves a lot of time. That's the true power of steelmanning a
           | hostile opponent.
        
             | R0b0t1 wrote:
             | I agree with your assessment, but if your opponent is truly
             | hostile it's not going to work. One person steelmanning and
             | the other person strawmanning has a tendency to suffer from
             | the same problem as always: to a superficially interested
             | or poorly educated audience, defending against strawmen
             | looks weak.
        
             | icedchocolate wrote:
             | I couldn't agree more, well said
        
           | jbay808 wrote:
           | As I commented when that article was posted to HN last
           | time[1], it's important to recognize that there is an
           | important distinction between _accepting_ an argument and
           | _contemplating_ it as a hypothetical.
           | 
           | As long as one is able to maintain this distinction --
           | something most mature individuals should be perfectly capable
           | of -- I think Andrew Gelman's criticism falls short.
           | 
           | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31244792
        
             | bordercases wrote:
        
             | ImHereToVote wrote:
             | I think the "mature individuals" part precludes the
             | possibility of even contemplating the position of others,
             | for most people. I may be wrong though.
        
               | seanp2k2 wrote:
               | This; it's been one of the biggest disappointments in my
               | adult life to realize how many legal adults are so
               | incredibly immature, with such inflated yet fragile egos,
               | that merely apologizing to even someone in their own
               | family is totally out of the question. Another is
               | realizing how many people are so willfully ignorant yet
               | dogmatic. I had some suspicions growing up, and even into
               | my twenties I was still quite naive. Being surrounded by
               | nerdy friends who were also generally professionals in a
               | technical field definitely insulated me from the general
               | public enough that it took another decade for it to
               | really sink in. These days it just all feels a bit lonely
               | (especially with COVID), but the spark of meeting kindred
               | spirits still makes it worth it to attempt to have a
               | social life. True friends are rare.
        
               | yetihehe wrote:
               | > how many legal adults are so incredibly immature
               | 
               | Yeah, some of us are like that. I think I've finally
               | matured at about 30-34, now I'm 38 but still learning.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | I think that you use "maturity" to mean "being perfect
               | person" or term of approval rather then anything having
               | to do with actual maturity.
        
               | bdefore wrote:
               | It's a problematic word. Barring death or a rare physical
               | condition, all human children biologically reach
               | maturity. The colloquialism of 'mature' (or as the
               | opposite of 'immature') varies notoriously person to
               | person, to the point one could argue that it's immature
               | to use it sincerely in debate.
        
               | Dudeman112 wrote:
               | I agree on it being a problematic word
               | 
               | As far as I am concerned, if one actually cares about the
               | debate they should just replace "mature" for what they
               | think it means or implies for the behaviour of the
               | individual
               | 
               | Replacing the symbol for a definition is quite handy.
               | People get all defensive over being called privileged,
               | but change "privileged" for "having good circumstances" (
               | or similar ) and they don't feel called out for it
               | despite having the same meaning
               | 
               | IMO it's something of a shame how much the human
               | cognition is crap at that kind of stuff
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | bena wrote:
           | I think he's confusing accepting a conclusion with accepting
           | a premise. Which is what steelmanning is supposed to be,
           | granting your opposition a premise and then pointing out why
           | even in that scenario, why their conclusion is still wrong.
           | Or maybe it's not. In which case, you need to
           | investigate/challenge the premise.
           | 
           | And then there's the issue that for some people, they just
           | don't want to be reached. They want to believe a specific way
           | on a specific issue for whatever personal reasons. You can't
           | steelman crazy.
           | 
           | And let's not forget, steelmanning isn't about others, it's
           | about yourself. It's about trying to find out if you _are_
           | wrong.
        
             | spacemanmatt wrote:
             | > You can't steelman crazy.
             | 
             | THANK you.
             | 
             | I still can't rightly tell the difference between (the most
             | generous definition of) steelmanning and just thinking
             | things all the way through in a balanced way.
        
           | keithnz wrote:
           | he seems to present it as giving the "benefit of the doubt",
           | but that's not correct. What you are doing is trying to make
           | the best version of the argument before critiquing it. This
           | avoids strawman type situations. It doesn't mean discarding
           | weak arguments, but you may end up dropping weak parts of the
           | argument that aren't necessary to the central argument.
           | Basically it try's to avoid needless back and forth that
           | doesn't really address actual argument at hand.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | kieckerjan wrote:
         | I am a bit puzzled that learning to admit that you are wrong is
         | sometimes treated as attaining some kind of superpower. I would
         | say it is just part of growing up. (Having said that, some
         | people seem to never grow up.)
        
           | bdefore wrote:
           | What is growing up?
        
             | Psyladine wrote:
             | Realizing how pointless all of this is, for one.
        
           | roenxi wrote:
           | "This is true" and "Let us imagine that this is true" are
           | radically, radically different positions. People who have a
           | nuanced enough understanding to separate the two in an
           | argument are rare.
           | 
           | Entertaining the even more nuanced idea that someone else has
           | a strong argument that is wrong is, effectively, a
           | superpower. Not many people who are willing to argue can do
           | that. Especially if they are capable of doing that in a
           | persuasive, public fashion.
        
             | swayvil wrote:
             | >"This is true" and "Let us imagine that this is true" are
             | radically, radically different positions.
             | 
             | What's the difference? Unintentional pretence vs
             | intentional pretence? Strong imagining vs weak imagining?
             | 
             | Both make an assertion. Both assign a degree of confidence.
        
               | zmgsabst wrote:
               | The second isn't an assertion, it's a hypothetical.
               | 
               | Eg, "let's imagine that elves are real" is distinct from
               | "elves are real".
        
               | swayvil wrote:
               | It's a confidence-modulated assertion. Hypothesis is low
               | confidence. Fact is high confidence.
               | 
               | There is no magic point at which hypothesis suddenly
               | becomes fact. It's simply a matter of confidence.
        
               | zmgsabst wrote:
               | It's confidence independent:
               | 
               | "Let X" is a context bound hypothetical -- we're assuming
               | it is true within some argument; we have perfect
               | confidence in the hypothetical, but only within that
               | context.
               | 
               | That's distinct from an assertion, which is a statement
               | about how the world is with some associated confidence.
        
               | Riverheart wrote:
               | "It is the mark of an educated mind to be able to
               | entertain a thought without accepting it." Aristotle
               | 
               | Not confidence, acceptance.
        
           | dan-robertson wrote:
           | It's not about admitting that you're wrong. It's about
           | discovering what the right answer is without being swayed
           | towards the thing you previously thought/said.
           | 
           | To be in a position to _admit_ that you're wrong you've
           | already got to be trying to argue that you're right.
        
           | swayvil wrote:
           | Given that the method of engineering generally starts with
           | something like, "These various assertions and principals may
           | be taken as gospel". So admitting you might be wrong is like
           | reversing gospel. And reversing gospel is quite a feat.
           | 
           | And HN is filled with engineers.
        
             | feet wrote:
             | There's also the consideration that literal religious
             | gospel is taken as fact by some people who use that
             | assumption to push particular ideas in government and law
        
             | spacemanmatt wrote:
             | I couldn't invent a more suckass attitude for engineers to
             | hold, but it is indeed common. I find it less common among
             | _really good_ engineers. YMMV.
        
       | aaron695 wrote:
        
       | andrewclunn wrote:
       | The real problem with "steelmanning" is that not so clever people
       | (who think they are oh so clever) believe they are capable of
       | representing a position they do not hold. Perhaps seeking out
       | others who actually advocate for the position (which you are
       | attempting to steelman) and listening to their arguments would be
       | better, but it doesn't stroke the ego in the same way, or allow
       | arm-chair internet philosophers to make the same bold claims at
       | objectivity.
        
         | hhmc wrote:
         | > Perhaps seeking out others who actually advocate for the
         | position
         | 
         | This isn't practical mid-argument though, is it?
        
           | ip26 wrote:
           | Aren't you by definition speaking to one at that very second?
        
             | hhmc wrote:
             | If that's sufficient, then I don't really understand what
             | the point being made is.
        
       | eslaught wrote:
       | There's a danger, while steelmanning, that you might come up with
       | an argument that sounds good _to you_ , but it's actually weaker
       | to the opposition. Therefore, while trying to steelman their
       | argument, you actually fill it with holes.
       | 
       | This can happen because you don't understand it deeply enough,
       | but it can also happen because of a difference in values. This is
       | why I think steelmanning is difficult, and frankly a little
       | dangerous. To _truly_ do it, you have to embed yourself not just
       | in their rational thought but also in their worldview.
       | 
       | And I really mean the part about it being dangerous. In all
       | honesty, we aren't the purely rational creatures we think we are.
       | Honestly steelmanning an argument changes you. And maybe that's
       | for the better in some situations, but I certainly wouldn't take
       | that for granted.
        
         | JetAlone wrote:
         | Being able to steelman someone else's argument without adopting
         | their presuppositions, while understanding and possible
         | experiencing the emotional/intuitive phenomena that got them to
         | embrace them is a true test of your faith in your own
         | worldview. If you "fail" that test, you will be absorbed into
         | the outgroup and lose sight of your old emotional/intuitive
         | presuppositions and worldview. You will lose a lot of friends
         | and sunk costs, and be subjected to new rules. The risk is to
         | literally lose your old self. That's horrifying, that idea can
         | feel something like being abducted by the borg from star trek
         | and converted into one of them.
        
           | XorNot wrote:
           | No, it isn't. Immersing yourself in someone else's propaganda
           | just propagandizes you. The easiest victims are the ones who
           | think they're genuinely too smart for it to have an effect on
           | them. There's a reason country's pump this stuff out despite
           | it seeming, on a cursory glance, _so ridiculous_ and overt.
        
           | FeepingCreature wrote:
           | Hence, keeping your identity small:
           | http://www.paulgraham.com/identity.html
        
         | nusaru wrote:
         | Wouldn't the obvious solution be to steelman whatever you were
         | steelmanning against in the first place?
        
         | gwd wrote:
         | > There's a danger, while steelmanning, that you might come up
         | with an argument that sounds good to you, but it's actually
         | weaker to the opposition. Therefore, while trying to steelman
         | their argument, you actually fill it with holes.
         | 
         | That's why normal practice is to check: "So I hear you saying
         | something like this: <steelman argument>. Is that right?"
         | 
         | > To truly do it, you have to embed yourself not just in their
         | rational thought but also in their worldview.
         | 
         | Indeed; the best word I have for being truly persuasive is
         | "incarnational": You have to enter into the situation of the
         | person you want to convince, and see the way out of the cave
         | they're in _from where they are now_.
         | 
         | > And I really mean the part about it being dangerous. In all
         | honesty, we aren't the purely rational creatures we think we
         | are. Honestly steelmanning an argument changes you. And maybe
         | that's for the better in some situations, but I certainly
         | wouldn't take that for granted.
         | 
         | I dunno; I have more faith in the power of truth. You certainly
         | need to be careful that you're not taking information only from
         | one source; if you _only_ listened to Goebel 's propaganda for
         | 2 years you'd certainly start to have Nazi patterns of thought
         | infect your thinking. But if you want to rescue someone who
         | _has_ only heard Goebel 's propaganda for the last several
         | years, you have to learn how to recognize the flaws in thinking
         | from within it.
        
         | antognini wrote:
         | I think this gets at the related, but distinct, idea of the
         | intellectual Turing test. The idea there is to present your
         | opponent's argument in such a way that they can't tell if the
         | argument came from you or someone on their side. If you can do
         | that you have some assurance that you actually understand the
         | argument they are making.
         | 
         | You're right that steelmanning is a bit different in that
         | you're trying to formulate the argument in a way that is most
         | convincing to you. That may not necessarily be the argument
         | that is most convincing to your opponent.
        
       | ranger207 wrote:
       | As always, there's a relevant xkcd: https://xkcd.com/106/
       | 
       | I really like this technique because it forces you to think about
       | what assumptions the other side had to have made in order to
       | reach their conclusion. I've often found that the other side's
       | argument _is_ the logical choice based on their assumptions and
       | background knowledge. From there I can examine those assumptions,
       | and my own assumptions, and see which parts are incorrect, or id
       | additional information would cause the argument to be less
       | conclusive. I'll then focus my argument on those incorrect
       | assumptions, because attacking the argument head-on often has
       | counterproductive results. And of course, it's not uncommon to
       | find that my own assumptions were incorrect while researching the
       | other side's arguments and data
        
       | jcrittenden wrote:
       | This technique was demonstrated brilliantly in a debate between
       | Sam Harris and Jordan Peterson:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GEf6X-FueMo&t=3m12s
        
       | swatcoder wrote:
       | This is a very good technique for rational inspection of an
       | opposing argument, and a powerful tactic in debate clubs and mock
       | trials.
       | 
       | But it's still a heady, rationalist approach to communication and
       | will often stir up feelings of distrust, frustration, or
       | resignation in the normal, everyday people that are pretty sure
       | they're right and see you doing intellectual performance art with
       | their words.
       | 
       | Of course, that's also what makes it a very effective way to get
       | under the skin of online trolls.
        
         | gwd wrote:
         | > But it's still a heady, rationalist approach to communication
         | and will often stir up feelings of distrust, frustration, or
         | resignation in the normal, everyday people that are pretty sure
         | they're right and see you doing intellectual performance art
         | with their words.
         | 
         | Maybe I'm in a weird corner of the world, but I find use for
         | this technique constantly in my professional life. You're
         | frequently in situations where as a group you need to make
         | decisions, and sometimes emotions run high; trying to
         | articulate everyone's position as clearly as possible helps
         | cool people down and opens them up to listening to other ideas,
         | as well as making sure that all the relevant aspects have been
         | covered.
        
       | LAC-Tech wrote:
       | I had some opinions changed today following a lengthy discussion
       | with someone about a controversial subject.
       | 
       | It's amazing what can happen when you don't assume someone who
       | believes different things to you is an evil piece of shit.
       | 
       | Maybe there's hope for the world after all!
        
         | nuclearnice1 wrote:
         | Indeed. What was the topic?
        
           | LAC-Tech wrote:
           | I don't want to say - it would distract from the more
           | important point about how we communicate.
           | 
           | Just imagine the list of things you've seen flame wars about
           | recently. It's one of those.
        
             | nuclearnice1 wrote:
        
               | LAC-Tech wrote:
               | Kind of, yeah.
               | 
               | 1. I've been on HN long enough - as a member and lurker -
               | to have a pretty good idea on how the discussion would
               | go.
               | 
               | 2. I think the best discussions are had between people
               | who can assume good faith. I don't think a public
               | "debate" with randoms on the internet is the place for
               | that.
               | 
               | If you really want to know, you can email me. But I don't
               | think it's that important.
        
               | nuclearnice1 wrote:
               | How would the discussion go?
        
               | LAC-Tech wrote:
               | Comments would be made for the benefit of the peanut
               | gallery. People want to hear incisive comments, zingers,
               | cleverness, impassioned rants, etc etc. This is what
               | imaginary internet points rewards.
               | 
               | With a one on one conversation, you're being judged by
               | one person and one person only. You can express
               | ignorance, honest but controversial beliefs you may not
               | wish to commit to the internet for all eternity, and so
               | on.
               | 
               | Public forums with imaginary internet points are a
               | skinner box. HN may be better than a lot of others but
               | it's still the same beast.
        
               | nuclearnice1 wrote:
               | That paints a really vivid picture. I can anticipate it
               | playing out just like that.
               | 
               | The medium is the message so to speak.
        
               | wussboy wrote:
               | Hmm. eMacs v. vim?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | peatmoss wrote:
       | I'd love to see a US presidential debate where each side
       | represented their opponent's position, and the US electorate were
       | somehow willing to make a quality understanding of the other
       | sides' positions a key judgement criteria. A man can dream.
        
       | hirundo wrote:
       | I'd really like to watch steelman debates. For instance a Marxist
       | and a Hayekian debate from each other's point of view. Judges
       | vote according to the quality of the steelmanning rather than the
       | conclusion. So a partisan that makes a weak argument to protect
       | his own inverse position loses even if his own position is
       | obviously right.
       | 
       | Before the debate I would judge the quality of the position by
       | the willingness of its proponents to honestly steelman its
       | opponents, tending to give them a better grasp of the big
       | picture.
        
         | scifibestfi wrote:
         | That sounds great. Any Youtube recommendations?
        
         | Mezzie wrote:
         | Even just a segment where participants say 'what I think my
         | opponent's main argument is and what are the argument's
         | greatest strengths' would be fascinating. It would show how
         | well the participants understand each other and that they
         | actually engaged with the substance of each other's arguments
         | rather than just angling for sound bites/pithy quotes.
         | 
         | A full steelman debate format would be very interesting.
        
       | scifibestfi wrote:
       | We're at peak strawmanning. Now can we swing the pendulum to
       | steelmanning?
        
       | tpoacher wrote:
       | For me, the problem with "Steelmanning" is that it is extremely
       | useful in exactly the same set of circumstances were it is also
       | completely unnecessary; arguments in non-debate settings where
       | the goal is optimal decision making, and where neither side has
       | any motivation to use deceptive tactics to promote their
       | argument.
       | 
       | In the presence of a motive for underhanded argumentation,
       | strengthening your opponent's argument while allowing intentional
       | weakening of yours is not a good recipe for useful outcomes.
        
         | jnsaff2 wrote:
         | Yea, also I've come to understand that in a loaded, bad faith
         | or ideological discussion there is no useful outcome and it
         | makes sense to BATNA the shit out of it, usually in the form of
         | not engaging or just walking away.
        
           | feet wrote:
           | That sounds to me like its useless in essentially all of
           | politics
        
             | jfengel wrote:
             | In politics the BATNA is to find allies to outvote your
             | opponent. That's what voting is for: when you absolutely,
             | positively cannot come to an agreement, you choose the
             | opinion of the majority.
             | 
             | This an absolutely terrible option. It's rife with abuse,
             | and even when fair, is only right slightly more than it's
             | wrong. It doesn't resolve any of the underlying issues,
             | which continue to exist. It seems to be better than any of
             | the other last-ditch options, but it's incredibly bad.
             | 
             | Even among your allies, you're still stuck with the same
             | problem. Being allies you're hoping that their core
             | agreements with you will enable tactics like steelmanning
             | to work, though in a lot of cases it still doesn't.
        
             | jnsaff2 wrote:
             | In politics the BATNA will be different as there are real
             | costs (like some bad, faith, actor is going to tell you
             | what you can or cannot do with your own body).
        
               | feet wrote:
               | They do so in the name of things without evidence, such
               | as the innocent immaterial souls of the unborn
               | 
               | How can we approach this problem?
        
         | jamesrom wrote:
         | It's true, emotions and argumentivity require a different tact
         | than just "steelmanning". I can think of plenty of reasons
         | where steelmanning is not the best rhetoric in those kinds of
         | situations.
         | 
         | On the flip side, steelmanning is a really good "high ground
         | maneuver". A good faith effort at trying to understand and
         | strengthen the argument of someone who is being argumentative
         | is a way to take the emotion out of the argument. You might
         | find you have endeared yourself to them, and doing so have
         | created a chance to shift their thinking a degree.
        
       | dmalik wrote:
       | We use this technique all the time where I work for UX design.
       | Often when stakeholders ask for things to be a certain way we try
       | our best to do it the way that it was asked for before exploring
       | other options.
       | 
       | Often we know it won't work because of intuition/experience but
       | providing a best effort steelman option when presenting design
       | options is very helpful in speeding through stakeholder reviews.
       | Stakeholders will eat you alive in a review if you present a
       | strawman of what they asked for.
        
       | ip26 wrote:
       | Any time I see it in practice, it always comes across as
       | incredibly condescending and frequently flat-out wrong, because
       | the person attempting to steelman has usually not done the work
       | to understand everything that goes into the other position.
       | 
       | I prefer charitable interpretation
       | (https://effectiviology.com/principle-of-charity/) which is a
       | good platform for learning about the other's position, and
       | potentially helping them strengthen their position for
       | themselves.
        
       | DantesKite wrote:
       | If you'll steelman often enough, you'll be surprised how often
       | you change your mind as you realize your initial assessment
       | wasn't quite up to par.
        
         | dgb23 wrote:
         | That's the best outcome isn't it?
        
       | hunglee2 wrote:
       | Lex Friedman commonly asks this question for his guests on the
       | podcast. The challenge of having to honestly explain - and then
       | forcefully argue - your opponents case, enriches the conversation
       | in a profound way. Tellingly, the guests who are unable to do
       | this well, are invariably diminished. Excellent mental
       | discipline, I suspect many of us here on HN could do with some
       | practice on it
        
         | Sheeny96 wrote:
         | Recently listened to the Douglas Murray episode. As someone who
         | has followed Douglas for a while, it was disappointing to see
         | him completely skirt the request to steelman his opponents
         | arguments in any meaningful sense.
        
           | hunglee2 wrote:
           | changes your view doesn't it? I think it is a very good test
        
         | EUV071STR48 wrote:
         | > Excellent mental discipline, I suspect many of us here on HN
         | could do with some practice on it
         | 
         | come on...
        
       | Datagenerator wrote:
       | What do you think is wrong with my view on this?
        
       | AlbertCory wrote:
       | Another formulation of this excellent technique is courtesy of
       | Bob Taylor [1]:
       | 
       |  _A Class Two disagreement is when each can explain to the
       | other's satisfaction the other's point of view._
       | 
       | I've actually tried this, and it was pure torture for the
       | subjects. They would start out, reluctantly, "He says X, Y, and Z
       | ... [long pause] _but he 's wrong!_ "
       | 
       | You could see them _try_ to state the other 's POV, but they just
       | couldn't do it.
       | 
       | I think reading a more in-depth explanation like these might help
       | a lot
       | 
       | [1] https://www.latimes.com/business/hiltzik/la-fi-hiltzik-
       | taylo...
        
         | amadeuspagel wrote:
         | Bryan Caplan came up with a similar idea, the ideological
         | turing test: Can you make the case for something so that it's
         | impossible to say whether you really believe it or not?
        
         | gwd wrote:
         | > They would start out, reluctantly, "He says X, Y, and Z ...
         | [long pause] but he's wrong! "
         | 
         | I mean, a lot of people have trouble clearly articulating an
         | argument for _their own_ position, much less somebody else 's.
         | It's a skill like riding a bike or throwing a ball -- something
         | that seems natural once you've had some practice, but not
         | something we're born with. (NB I'm not talking about being
         | _correct_ ; you can be right and know you're right without
         | being able to articulate it well.)
         | 
         | If anyone wants some practice, I found the book "The Logic of
         | Real Arguments" by Alec Fisher [1] really fun and useful.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/The_Logic_of_Real_Arg...
        
           | AlbertCory wrote:
           | Yeah, good point. "Arguing the other side's position" takes
           | training.
        
       | ineptech wrote:
       | The problem is that steelmanning is only useful in one kind of
       | argument (the kind in which each party would rather discover the
       | correct answer than "win"), which is increasingly rare compared
       | to the other kind (in which each party already _knows_ their
       | opponent to be evil, deluded, or both). Debates that include an
       | audience are almost without exception the latter sort, in which
       | steelmanning is worse than useless.
        
         | oconnor663 wrote:
         | > Debates that include an audience are almost without exception
         | the latter sort
         | 
         | I think a big exception is debate societies that meet
         | regularly, where the folks doing the debating actually know
         | each other and care about their long-term relationships with
         | each other. But yeah, this isn't exactly a widespread hobby.
        
         | gpm wrote:
         | Even in debates seeking truth, I think it's only an effective
         | technique in a small subset. It doesn't work if the
         | disagreement is because you're both just aware of a different
         | set of facts. It doesn't work if the disagreement is because
         | you have different fundamental goals. It doesn't work if the
         | "debate" is actually a misunderstanding where you and someone
         | else understand a term to mean different things. Amongst truth
         | seeking debates, I feel like most casual ones end up falling
         | into one of the above categories (more "academic" debates, the
         | kind you find in philosophy classes, might be less likely too,
         | because topics you can usefully debate are the ones actively
         | discussed in those contexts).
         | 
         | Also I'm not sure I agree that debates seeking truth are rare,
         | they are just publicly broadcast less frequently so you come
         | across more of them. Certainly I debate close friends and
         | family matters on a fairly regular basis (for fun and
         | learning).
        
         | bick_nyers wrote:
         | In arguments in which the opponent is more concerned with
         | winning as opposed to discovering the correct answer, I don't
         | believe any strategy is particularly effective.
         | 
         | That being said, what steelmanning can offer, is to change the
         | nature of the argument. If done correctly, you can sometimes
         | de-escalate your opponent enough in order to tap into their
         | humanity, and make the argument not about winning. Steelmanning
         | is just a logical way of empathizing with your opponent.
        
         | lolinder wrote:
         | In my life the "tenth man" approach the article mentions and
         | links to is more often what's called for.
         | 
         | The theory is essentially to refuse to participate in an echo
         | chamber. If everyone in a group is feeding off each other in
         | bashing an unpopular viewpoint, then you represent that
         | viewpoint as strongly as possible rather than joining in.
         | 
         | I've used this technique with a lot of success, even in some
         | pretty aggressive and opinionated groups. At a minimum it
         | diffuses the echo chamber and the conversation turns to other
         | topics, but I've also had good conversations come from it,
         | where people leave understanding the other side better than
         | they did before.
         | 
         | Because you're representing a party that is _not_ present, you
         | 're less likely to end up making them feel patronized than with
         | steelmanning, but it has a similar effect on your own
         | understanding. It's even better if you're able to help someone
         | else see the other perspective, too!
        
         | adastra22 wrote:
         | With very few exceptions, nobody is evil in their own head-
         | canon. If you think the other party is evil, deluded, or both,
         | then in my experience that is a definite indication that you do
         | not understand the opposing viewpoint very well, and could
         | benefit from steel-manning.
        
         | verdagon wrote:
         | Steelmanning is actually pretty effective against hostile
         | opponents.
         | 
         | Once you both agree to what your opponent is claiming, you can
         | identify and ask about all the assumptions that lead up to that
         | claim, and from there, you can discuss and dismantle any false
         | assumptions.
         | 
         | It's a way to "shortcut past the nonsense" and get straight to
         | the root differences.
        
           | swatcoder wrote:
           | Most non-academic arguments resolve to value differences, not
           | false assumptions. And people often feel very vulnerable when
           | they feel like somebody's making an effort to expose and
           | challenge their values.
           | 
           | Much of the time, the nonsense is there to keep things civil:
           | you rehash tired tropes to talk around the issue for a while,
           | get tired, and then somebody buys the next round of beers.
        
             | verdagon wrote:
             | Well put, I've also had it boil down to value differences
             | pretty often. The nice thing about steelmanning is that you
             | can identify those value differences more quickly.
             | 
             | One time I was in an argument that was looking to get
             | pretty heated, but with steelmanning I was able to find the
             | underlying value difference, point out that we disagreed on
             | it, and then we just kind of sat there in awkward silence
             | for a second and moved on to play Starcraft.
             | 
             | It was a good day.
        
           | gamblor956 wrote:
           | Steelmanning is useless against hostile opponents because
           | they won't engage in rationale discussion.
        
             | kbelder wrote:
             | It's not useless, because steelmanning isn't a process to
             | win an argument. It's to improve yourself. A hostile,
             | irrational person can still (occasionally) be _right_ , and
             | if they are, you'd be better off knowing that.
        
           | rexpop wrote:
           | By "hostile," do you mean "bad faith"?
        
             | jimmygrapes wrote:
             | Although sometimes bad faith does come into play, I find
             | that the phrase is often used as an accusation to dismiss
             | the other person even when the other person is not actually
             | arguing in bad faith. It's increasingly one of those
             | rhetorical tactics people learn online and apply willy-
             | nilly.
        
             | tinco wrote:
             | No, it doesn't have to be bad faith. It's common (nowadays)
             | to have such opposite beliefs that one or both opponents
             | believe the other person is acting in bad faith or has
             | amoral motivations. I recently had such a debate on HN and
             | as we were talking people would pitch in saying the guy was
             | a liar or trolling. He just truly didn't believe climate
             | science for whatever reason. I also think he was a bit of
             | an asshole personality wise, but I've never met him in real
             | life so who knows.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | gwd wrote:
           | The major advantage of steelmanning I haven't seen mentioned
           | so far: The _psychological_ benefits of it.
           | 
           | The fact is most of us are eager to feel heard; and when we
           | don't feel heard, we have an instinctive desire to shout our
           | own viewpoint louder, making it more difficult to hear other
           | people's viewpoints. The result is that situations where
           | people feel strongly you get everyone shouting and nobody
           | listening.
           | 
           | Stating the other person's point as clearly and strongly as
           | you can not only helps you potentially be less wrong; it
           | helps them feel heard, which makes them in turn more open to
           | hearing other points of view.
        
           | ineptech wrote:
           | That only works if your opponent is playing along. I don't
           | mean they have to be nice or civil, but they do have to be
           | consistent. There's no point trying to e.g. establish shared
           | definitions for a key term if your opponent is not bound by
           | it. At best, steelmanning might help you realize you're
           | talking to someone who is not acting in good faith slightly
           | faster.
        
             | verdagon wrote:
             | If you ask your opponent, "Just so I understand, are you
             | saying ___?", they'll usually help you understand what
             | they're claiming. People generally like to be heard and
             | understood, even if they violently disagree with you.
             | 
             | There's the occasional troll who is intentionally wasting
             | your time, but I find that to be pretty rare, especially on
             | HN. People are most often just bad at communication, not
             | malicious.
        
         | rufus_foreman wrote:
         | Steelmanning is most useful in one kind of argument, the
         | argument that goes on when you, I mean you, encounter an
         | argument that you consider wrong and dangerous, and threatening
         | to your core values.
         | 
         | There are a couple reactions you can have to that.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | ianai wrote:
         | In those situations the adage that arguing against bad faith
         | arguments is self defeating. To outside observers it just makes
         | the bad faith arguments look credible.
        
         | thrown_22 wrote:
         | It's even worse online where just silencing your opponent is
         | considered a victory.
         | 
         | HN was particularly bad about this with post flagging a few
         | months ago. It was weaponized to hide posts which _someone_
         | disagreed with, even if the post was later restored the hour to
         | twelve it was offline was enough to astroturf debates.
         | 
         | I'm seeing less of this since GP started getting his own posts
         | flagged. Shame Dang didn't do his job till his boss told him
         | to.
        
         | colmmacc wrote:
         | That might be true of politics and cable news, but I think
         | active listening and being able to succinctly restate someone
         | else's line of reasoning, position, feelings, or argument is
         | incredibly useful in normal life. I find myself doing it
         | several times a day, mostly in business meetings, but in
         | personal things too. I don't think of it as a debate technique,
         | but just a way to show to a person that you really are
         | listening to them. That can be very effective. It's a great
         | rule of behavior even for small disagreements or suggestions.
        
         | JoshTriplett wrote:
         | It's also not especially useful in the type of argument in
         | which your opponent is simply factually incorrect and not
         | interested in changing that; you can't steelman something where
         | step 1 of any possible line of argument is false.
         | 
         | But I've found it a very effective approach when having a
         | conversation about the best solution to a problem, for
         | instance.
         | 
         | I also like the double crux technique: collaborate to find the
         | crux for each party, the most important point upon which the
         | argument rests, such that if it turned out to not hold you
         | would change your mind. Turns an argument into a collaborative
         | exploration.
        
           | wussboy wrote:
           | It may be useful in that if even step one is a no go, at
           | least you'll find out early that discussion is useless and
           | you can spend your time in others ways
           | 
           | I used to argue religion on Facebook a lot (I know, I know).
           | But I stopped accepting invitations to debate when I started
           | asked my opponents to agree before hand that they would agree
           | to change their minds if I was right (as I agreed to change
           | if I was wrong). When I realized they weren't interested in
           | learning anything, the point of debate went away.
        
             | akavel wrote:
             | Who was to be the arbiter in the debate, i.e. the person
             | deciding which one of you were right?
        
           | dataflow wrote:
           | > I also like the double crux technique: collaborate to find
           | the crux for each party, the most important point upon which
           | the argument rests, such that if it turned out to not hold
           | you would change your mind. Turns an argument into a
           | collaborative exploration.
           | 
           | In theory it's nice. In practice this doesn't get you
           | anywhere nearly as often as you'd hope. Because IRL
           | disagreements are almost often over the _magnitude_ of a
           | problem, not over their existence.
           | 
           | Trivial example for the sake of illustration:
           | 
           | Teammate 1: {writes some code}
           | 
           | Teammate 2: "That's hard to read, can you do it {this} way?
           | It's much easier to understand the code that way if we find a
           | bug."
           | 
           | Teammate 1: "That's too brittle though, can we do it {that}
           | way? That way it's much less likely for the code to break in
           | the first place."
           | 
           | Both sides can understand each others' positions perfectly
           | fine. They just think their own concerns/priorities are a
           | bigger deal than those of the other person.
           | 
           | Same goes with many political and other issues; this was just
           | a silly example to illustrate.
        
             | FeepingCreature wrote:
             | The way I try to cut through that kind of disagreement is
             | to clearly identify the _source_ of my opinion, and the
             | situation in which it would apply. Ie.  "Instinctively, I'd
             | presume that in a few months when the customer inevitably
             | notices that the thing they asked for was not what they
             | should have wanted, having done it that way is going to
             | come back to bite us." "Too brittle" or "too hard to read"
             | are borderline unempirical; it can be beneficial to
             | construct the actual situation that makes it relevant, so
             | the argument can be brought back to empirical disagreements
             | about reality.
             | 
             | And of course ultimately, if something is a subjective
             | statement it's easy to reach agreements on the facts - Ie.
             | "I feel like X", "well I feel like Y", where both are true
             | statements - at which point you can stop pointlessly
             | arguing and fall back on negotiation. "Well, I'll accept
             | your PR if you at least Z."
        
               | seanp2k2 wrote:
               | "Let's make a framework!" YAGNI. Best code is no code.
               | Fix the people and process problems as much as possible
               | before opening up the IDE or even writing the JIRA.
        
               | keithalewis wrote:
               | In one group I worked in the first rule in the coding
               | guidelines was "Don't sweat the small stuff." I was
               | surprised by how many back and forths were quashed by
               | someone just asking, "Is this small stuff?"
        
               | dataflow wrote:
               | > at which point you can stop pointlessly arguing and
               | fall back on negotiation. "Well, I'll accept your PR if
               | you at least Z." Or, for example, your coworker (and/or
               | yourself for that matter) might feel "negotiation" is the
               | wrong kind of approach toward engineering problems in the
               | first place.
               | 
               | Again, nice in theory, and sometimes that might work, but
               | it has lots of failure modes. For example, you can end up
               | with nonsensical Z's that neither of you would otherwise
               | find particularly worthwhile or compelling, even though
               | you both agree that, yes, Z _would_ improve things
               | _slightly_.
               | 
               | Exaggerated example: imagine the original debate had been
               | over _" we should leave the bike by the road so it's
               | convenient to grab it and go"_ vs. _" we should lock the
               | bike by the house so it's harder to steal it"_, which is
               | a debate over a 2-minute task. Your compromise Z might
               | end up being an additional 1-week task like _" well I'll
               | let you leave it near the road if you/we first build a
               | brown bikeshed for it so it at least looks nicer"_. You
               | might both agree that it would indeed looks nicer that
               | way, so there needn't be any disagreement on Z itself,
               | but neither of you would've felt it appropriate to spend
               | any time or resources on Z in the absence of the
               | negotiation.
               | 
               | Usually it's not _that_ stark of a contrast, but I 've
               | seen milder versions of this play out frequently in
               | practice. Even when both people play along a few times
               | (which often doesn't happen), they end up getting tired
               | of having to go through it every time there's a
               | disagreement.
        
               | FeepingCreature wrote:
               | > Again, nice in theory, and sometimes that might work,
               | but it has lots of failure modes. For example, you can
               | end up with nonsensical Z's that neither of you would
               | otherwise find particularly worthwhile or compelling,
               | even though you both agree that, yes, Z would improve
               | things slightly.
               | 
               | I think that's where negotiation is a stronger frame
               | though, because that sort of debate generally comes down
               | to "how do I get through this faster", and the
               | negotiative framing is "I disagree, but it doesn't
               | matter, because the thing I actually want is for us to
               | stop having this conversation, how can I achieve this
               | with the greatest efficiency", or phrased otherwise,
               | "what do I need to give you to make you go away?" Which
               | there is much less to talk about.
        
           | systemvoltage wrote:
           | Also there are arguments that are fundamentally not based on
           | facts, but on values. Steelmanning backfires in this case.
        
             | JoshTriplett wrote:
             | Double crux can work in that case, if someone is operating
             | in good faith. Not all values are sacred values that
             | someone won't brook discussion of. I've had values-
             | difference discussions on programming language design that
             | went productively.
        
       | Symmetry wrote:
       | One way that I've seen attempted steelmaning go wrong is that the
       | the inferential distance between the disputants is much larger
       | than they think it is[1], leading to a false steelman that is
       | actually a far less persuasive argument than the original would
       | have been if the steelmanner had the background to understand the
       | argument. As part of a dialogue this can be very useful as it can
       | get the participants to realize they differ in foundational
       | assumptions rather than just whatever they're talking about. But
       | outside dialogue it can make the practice dangerous if you're not
       | careful.
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/HLqWn5LASfhhArZ7w/expecting-...
        
       | mannykannot wrote:
       | Several people here are conflating steelmanning with
       | strawmanning, but the latter is, at best, an attempt to make a
       | bad argument out of how the other person chose to express their
       | position, and it is downhill from there, with tricks like willful
       | misunderstanding, the introduction of non-sequiturs, and claims
       | of tacit premises that were never intended.
       | 
       | Steelmanning can also be used as preemptive self-defense for your
       | position, assuming that it is actually defensible (if it is not,
       | the sooner you come to that conclusion, the better for all
       | concerned, especially yourself.)
        
       | pclmulqdq wrote:
       | Steelmanning is a really interesting concept that has popped up
       | in the last few years. It used to just be that "arguing in good
       | faith" was what "steelmanning" is today, and strawmanning your
       | opponent was rude. It says a lot about how we think that it is
       | now considered special to try to figure out what your opponent in
       | a debate actually believes so you can attack it on its merits.
        
         | gnicholas wrote:
         | > _It used to just be that "arguing in good faith" was what
         | "steelmanning" is today_
         | 
         | Isn't steelmanning the practice of actively making your
         | opponent's argument for them? This exercise goes beyond arguing
         | in good faith, where you are arguing your own side, but in a
         | way that doesn't strawman the other side.
        
           | skykooler wrote:
           | Reminds me of a story about the Wright brothers, who when
           | arguing would agree to switch sides and argue each others
           | point to try and overcome their bias.
        
           | swatcoder wrote:
           | I think of "arguing in good faith" as working to clearly
           | communicate a position, as against working to distress,
           | embarrass, confuse, gaslight or otherwise personally
           | undermine your opponent/audience.
           | 
           | You can absolutely do it for a position you don't hold, and
           | it has nothing particular to do with
           | steelmanning/strawmanning (and indeed, you can use both
           | techniques bad faith).
        
             | gnicholas wrote:
             | Agree completely. BTW, I've seen your posts here and
             | wondered if you happen to have gone to Swarthmore College,
             | which students/alums refer to as 'Swat'.
        
               | swatcoder wrote:
               | Hah! Interesting. But nope, I did not!
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | throw7 wrote:
       | Steelmanning should be used by yourself from the start:
       | 
       | 1. What is your central point?
       | 
       | 2. What are your arguments? Rank them from best to worst.
       | 
       | 3. What are your main claims? What explanations, supporting
       | evidence and examples do you cite?
       | 
       | 4. What are your emotional drivers, attitudes and beliefs, and
       | motivations behind your viewpoint/worldview?
       | 
       | 5. What are the vulnerabilities and weaknesses in any of the
       | above? How can you fix them?
        
       | thekingofrome wrote:
        
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