[HN Gopher] Do we need a better understanding of 'progress'?
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       Do we need a better understanding of 'progress'?
        
       Author : pmoriarty
       Score  : 52 points
       Date   : 2022-06-16 11:11 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bbc.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bbc.com)
        
       | pmoriarty wrote:
       | _" Around 2016, Cowen received an out-of-the-blue email from
       | Irish billionaire Patrick Collison... A few years earlier,
       | Collison had cofounded the online payments company Stripe...
       | Stripe's nearly $100bn (PS83bn/EUR95bn) valuation puts Collison's
       | net worth north of $11bn (PS9bn/EUR10.5bn)..._
       | 
       |  _" During the pair's meetings, Cowen tells me, "we were both
       | talking about the ideas, finding we had common ideas, and somehow
       | hit upon the notion of an article". So, in 2019, they co-authored
       | an essay in The Atlantic, which argued for "a new science of
       | progress"._
       | 
       |  _" progress studies doesn't desire a world where humans live
       | more harmoniously with nature. As Crawford writes: "Humanism says
       | that when improving human life requires altering the environment,
       | humanity takes moral precedence over nature." It doesn't
       | necessarily want a world with less inequality and prefers to
       | focus more on growing the pie than on how it's divided. It also
       | doesn't care much for societal norms that stand in the way of
       | what it conceives of as progress - even ones shared by all
       | cultures..."_
       | 
       | This position sounds so self-serving on the part of the
       | billionaire.
       | 
       | To reap the benefits of his wealth guilt-free, where he and
       | people like him can exploit the world as they see fit and
       | dominate others, it would be helpful for him to push a world view
       | like this.
       | 
       | And why would Cowen, who _" ranked 17th on a list of the top 100
       | most influential economists"_ give the time of day to some rando
       | who just happened to be rich? One word: money.
       | 
       | So it looks like Collison bought himself an economist.
       | 
       | That Peter Thiel is influential in this "movement" (or PR
       | exercise) is also telling.
       | 
       |  _" Crawford and Cowen, the two leading intellectual figures of
       | the progress community, come from the objectivist and libertarian
       | traditions, respectively. On a panel at AynRandCon, Crawford
       | described progress studies as adjacent to objectivism, the
       | philosophical system outlined in 20th Century philosopher Ayn
       | Rand's fiction."_
       | 
       | Well, that just about explains it all..
       | 
       | This whole movement actually has strong echoes of extropianism,
       | which has roots in HG Wells' techno-utopianism, and might be
       | termed neo-Wellsianism, were it not for Wells making a 180 near
       | the end of his life and becoming a dystopian (see his book _"
       | Mind at the End of Its Tether"_), and for Wells' utopias being
       | socialist, not capitalist ones.
        
         | dredmorbius wrote:
         | Q: Why do economists rob banks^W^W _serve billionaires_?
         | 
         | A: Because that's where the money is.
        
         | jdminhbg wrote:
         | > And why would Cowen, who "ranked 17th on a list of the top
         | 100 most influential economists" give the time of day to some
         | rando who just happened to be rich? One word: money.
         | 
         | Cowen is constantly giving the time of day to randos who are
         | not remotely rich. He answers every non-spam email he gets. He
         | runs a program that gives out small grants to nobodies who are
         | just starting out their careers. He's probably the most
         | pathologically available-for-interview economist alive today.
         | 
         | In the time it took you to write out this conspiracy theory,
         | you could have done even a cursory Google search instead.
        
         | AnimalMuppet wrote:
         | > "It also doesn't care much for societal norms that stand in
         | the way of what it conceives of as progress - even ones shared
         | by all cultures..."
         | 
         | Great. That's "we're going to chase _our_ idea of progress,
         | even if the rest of the entire human race doesn 't see it as
         | progress".
         | 
         |  _Real_ progress is not just economic. In the 19th century,
         | there was much more of an idea that there could be _moral_
         | progress - an idea echoed today by the progressives. (You don
         | 't have to agree with the _direction_ the progressives think
         | represents progress - I don 't - but their idea of progress is
         | much more than economic gains.)
         | 
         | Having an environment that isn't polluted is progress compared
         | to having one that _is_ polluted. It may not be worth having
         | people starve to get there, but it 's one axis of progress.
         | 
         |  _And_ having people not starve is progress. Having them not
         | die of diseases is progress. Having them able to read, and to
         | access information, is progress.
         | 
         | Having them not die from violence would be progress.
        
           | codefreeordie wrote:
           | You put your effort into furthering your definition of
           | progress. I'll put my effort furthering mine, and Patrick
           | will work on his.
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | Humans barely live to 100 years, and "each new generation born is
       | in effect an invasion of civilization by little barbarians, who
       | must be civilized before it is too late." I don't think we need
       | to invent further volatility than what producing new children
       | already does.
       | 
       | Every advocate of Progress I've read or spoken to sees it as
       | managing and extracting value from other people - and not
       | establishing a basic stability from which others can be free to
       | actualize and thrive. Even basic income is really about putting
       | the managers of such a scheme at the centre of it, and it's to
       | the point where even the very word 'free' is triggering. I'd
       | argue that belief in Progress is not a benevolent, charitable, or
       | altruistic sentiment.
       | 
       | It's said that change is the only constant, and I can sympathize
       | with the idea that people imagine by aligning themselves to
       | change for its own sake, they percieve themselves as aligning to
       | the most powerful force in the universe, and are therefore on the
       | right side of history. But the archeological record shows humans
       | have made physical structures that are several thousands of years
       | old, and as a human value, _stability_ has a very long track
       | record. So much so that the artifacts of stability outlast human
       | culture 's ability to remember them through periods of constant
       | change, which suggests to me that what progress really reduces to
       | is just leveraging chaos in a single lifetime for ephermeral,
       | symbolic, materialist power.
       | 
       | The axiom that history itself is a force of progress is a pretty
       | big leap of faith, and I think the iterated logic of that idea is
       | designed to unmoor people from a stabilizing belief in the
       | existence of truth. In that sense, I would say Crawford and Cowen
       | are just iterating the ideology of that axiom, and people who
       | place themselves at the centre of solutions for 'all humanity'
       | are really just expressing an infinite will to power _over_ all
       | of humanity. Progress isn 't a thing, it's the artifact of an
       | ideology.
       | 
       | When someone tells you they represent change, what they tend to
       | mean is they're here to take your stuff, and they've already
       | moralized it to themselves, regardless of what you might believe.
       | We should absolutely rethink the meaning of progress, but we
       | should start with whether it is desirable at all, how much,
       | compared to what, at what cost, and whether to build on our
       | inheritance of stability, or continue to destroy it for the
       | temporary feelings of power the destruction provides. There are
       | thoughtful ways to engage this, if only we can get past merely
       | litigating ideas and start actually using them to navigate and
       | locate truth.
        
       | dane-pgp wrote:
       | I think this article does a fairly good job of presenting
       | different sides. In particular, I found this criticism very
       | pertinent:
       | 
       | > "you could tell a story where instead of things getting better,
       | what we're seeing is that a lot of what's bad is getting
       | concentrated into unlikely, infrequent but enormously bad
       | events".
       | 
       | It's like a Martingale betting strategy[0] where you turn a
       | system of random wins and losses (like a technological/economic
       | steady state) into one with repeated guarantees wins... until the
       | guarantee fails (e.g. the Singularity, or a global market crash,
       | or nuclear war).
       | 
       | If we're only measuring economic growth and technological
       | capability, and not risk (which is harder to measure, and
       | tempting to underestimate), then we might be running at full
       | speed towards outcomes that even hyperbolic discounting[1] can't
       | justify.
       | 
       | [0]
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martingale_%28betting_system%2...
       | 
       | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperbolic_discounting
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | That is what we usually call 'hubris' when we are doing the
         | postmortem.
        
       | seydor wrote:
       | It's simpler than that, it is all about incentives. Science can
       | happen even in the trenches of war, or by random employees in a
       | patent office. Engineering needs resources and conerted efford.
       | But when the incentives have nothing to do with science itself
       | but rather with the struggle to keep all the PhD people employed,
       | you end up with paper-mills and grant-harvester PIs. There s also
       | a degeneration of the science culture due to so much self-
       | promotion. Whatever happened to humility?
       | 
       | Engineering projects like Apollo or Manhattan succeded by taking
       | the theory invented by a few madmen and making the entire effort
       | to the end product. Instead we now have projects like the Human
       | brain project (EU) and the Brain initiative that don't seem to
       | have a defined goal, and no clear incentives. The HBP used to be
       | about building an artificial brain, as ambitious as it sounds.
       | Instead, petty politics and meddling led to the project becoming
       | a project salad with very little to show. AFAIK the Brain
       | initiative has not done better.
       | 
       | The article itself is another example of weak incentives. We
       | don't need to invent another field called "progress studies" in
       | order to make progress. That's only making the problem worse.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | peteradio wrote:
         | Consider all the buzz word paper milling was to supplant the
         | nepotistic framework from before.
        
         | alexfromapex wrote:
         | Agreed, it's all about choosing the correct performance
         | indicators
        
           | LesZedCB wrote:
           | "When a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good
           | measure"
           | 
           | > https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goodhart%27s_law
        
         | madacol wrote:
         | So, what is progress?
         | 
         | I like to think that progress is about maximizing global
         | satisfaction. But then really hard questions follow
         | 
         | - Who are included in "global"?, every human being?, every
         | conscious mammal?. Do we all get the same weight?
         | 
         | - (Assuming last answer is all human beings) How should we come
         | to a consensus?. How do we coordinate to achieve our agreed
         | goals?
         | 
         | If you think this is all too subjective, should we stop pouring
         | resources into philosophy and arts?
         | 
         | I think this questions deserve at least some studying
        
           | robocat wrote:
           | > should we stop pouring resources into philosophy and arts?
           | 
           | Do we exist just to eat, shit, and breed?
           | 
           | Hopefully our civilisation is concerned with more than just
           | the cold necessities of life: a civilisation that lets us do
           | with our minds what we will. Circuses and Netflix have more
           | meaning than bread: bread is merely a low level dependency in
           | the skill tree.
           | 
           | I think there is a lot of bollox to our liberal humanities:
           | but who am I to judge what others choose to put their minds
           | to?
           | 
           | Disclaimer: I am Engineer, not Word Rotator.
        
           | LesZedCB wrote:
           | haha, i think it's been studied. you described "utilitarian
           | ethics"
           | 
           | https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/utilitarianism-history/
        
             | madacol wrote:
             | Thanks!, good to know
        
       | Gualdrapo wrote:
       | Those single quotes on 'progress' made me remember about that
       | video of James Baldwin[0].
       | 
       | [0] https://youtu.be/OCUlE5ldPvM
        
       | kazinator wrote:
       | > _Imagine after that first nap as a typical American, you had
       | taken a second one in 1940, waking up in the 2020s. Your fridge
       | now has a freezer, and your new microwave lets you reheat your
       | leftovers._
       | 
       | What? Fridges had freezers in the 1940's. Usually as a small
       | compartment, wrapped by the refrigerant evaporator ducts.
       | 
       | https://media.gettyimages.com/photos/housewife-puts-an-ice-c...
       | 
       | Residential microwave ovens rapidly increased in popularity in
       | the USA in the 1970's and were common by the 1980's.
       | 
       | If you woke up in 1950-something, your freezer might have had a
       | timed heating coil in it: a defroster.
       | 
       | If you woke up a bit later, it might have a magnetic door:
       | because children were found to be suffocating in the externally
       | latched fridges that couldn't be opened from the inside.
        
         | kokanee wrote:
         | The fun thing about Hacker News is that no matter the topic,
         | there's always someone in the comments who knows more than the
         | author about something they wrote.
        
           | hencq wrote:
           | True, but unfortunately for that one person there are usually
           | 10 others who don't actually know more than the author, but
           | are convinced they do.
        
       | LesZedCB wrote:
       | Progress is dead! Long live the plane of immanence!
       | 
       | history doesn't progress in a forward arrow. just like evolution,
       | it explodes outwards in every direction all at once, driven by
       | desiring machines. humans, corporations, states, animals, plants,
       | even the systems of the earth themselves have made themselves
       | into political actors.
       | 
       | anybody who has described a vector and metrics to demonstrate it
       | should be scrutinized for their politics and what goals they are
       | trying to achieve.
       | 
       | economic indicators are used (by capitalist economists) to
       | bludgeon those who dislike the status quo into accepting that
       | "it's not as bad as you experience it" and keep chugging along
       | towards our climate demise in the name of capital and profit.
        
       | statuslover9000 wrote:
       | GDP has been growing fine, but life expectancy in the US has been
       | in historic decline for the past decade, largely driven by
       | alcoholism, drug overdose, and suicide. Meanwhile over 2 billion
       | people worldwide are food insecure, and that number is rising.
       | 
       | Technology has certainly improved the standard of living of many
       | many people over the last couple centuries, but there is no
       | guarantee that it will continue to do so. Perhaps instead of a
       | blind focus on "growing the pie", at this point in history we
       | should be asking ourselves "what pie?" and "did everyone get a
       | slice?"
       | 
       | Edit: Updated "malnourished" to "food insecure", my mistake for
       | using the wrong terminology. According to the UN Food and
       | Agriculture Organization, there were 2.37 billion food insecure
       | people in 2020, a number which has been steadily rising since
       | 2014 with a larger jump since the start of the pandemic:
       | https://www.fao.org/3/cb4474en/online/cb4474en.html
        
         | floxy wrote:
         | >life expectancy in the US has been in historic decline for the
         | past decade
         | 
         | https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hestat/life-expectancy/life-ex...
         | 
         | https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-visualization/mortality-trends...
        
         | bergenty wrote:
         | Your 2 billion number is incorrect. It was 500 million until
         | 2020 and then slightly rose given the pandemic. That number has
         | been dropping precipitously for decades.
        
         | bergenty wrote:
         | Your 2 billion number is incorrect. It was 500 million until
         | 2020 and then slightly rose given the pandemic. That number has
         | been dropping precipitously for decades. At this rate (ignoring
         | 2021), there should be almost no malnutrition by 2030.
        
         | throwaway0x7E6 wrote:
         | and why must a normal person give a damn about the misfortunes
         | of junkies and alcoholics?
         | 
         | >Meanwhile over 2 billion people worldwide are malnourished,
         | and that number is rising.
         | 
         | and will continue to do so as long as countries that can't feed
         | themselves continue to grow at the rate they do.
         | 
         | if you believe that we can feed the whole world, you didn't pay
         | attention to the events of the past three years, and the last
         | few months in particular. we can barely feed ourselves, and a
         | small bump to food and energy prices has pushed a large chunk
         | of our own very own population beyond the poverty line
        
           | gilmore606 wrote:
           | > and why must a normal person give a damn about the
           | misfortunes of junkies and alcoholics?
           | 
           | I give a damn about living in a society suffering from a
           | surfeit of junkies and alcoholics. That affects me.
        
           | ChadNauseam wrote:
           | > and why must a normal person give a damn about the
           | misfortunes of junkies and alcoholics?
           | 
           | You don't have to give a damn about anyone, but I'm friends
           | and family with junkies and alcoholics, so I care. And even
           | if you don't know any junkies or alcoholics and never will,
           | can you not have sympathy for a person you've never met, even
           | if some of their problems are to some degree their own fault?
           | 
           | I know alcoholics who were binge-drinking at the age of 13
           | because their parents were alcoholics too and encouraged it.
           | I have cousins that often threw up when they were toddlers
           | years old because their parents gave them too much to drink.
           | If you were in these circumstances, how sure are you that you
           | wouldn't end up a junkie or an alcoholic yourself?
        
           | Barrin92 wrote:
           | >and why must a normal person give a damn about the
           | misfortunes of junkies and alcoholics?
           | 
           | for starters because they're also normal people. If you think
           | there's no drug users or alcoholics even among all the people
           | you know you'd be very surprised. It takes a lot of
           | callousness to think that people who struggle with addiction
           | or really any other thing aren't exactly what 'normal' people
           | are like.
           | 
           | What I wonder about is when it became normal to put that much
           | lack of empathy and compassion proudly on public display.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | BenoitP wrote:
         | I have a very grim outlook on the future.
         | 
         | > "did everyone get a slice?"
         | 
         | I don't believe so, but it makes sense: we've always been at
         | (economic) war with Eastasia/Oceania
        
           | drekipus wrote:
           | I'm from Australia and I agree! give me pie!
        
         | eatmyshorts wrote:
         | I think your data is a little old. The undernourished, defined
         | as fewer than 1800 calories per day, has steadily declined from
         | 2000 until 2019, and then risen very slightly as a result of
         | Covid. There's about 660 million that meet this threshold.
         | Global malnutrition really has gotten significantly better over
         | the past few decades. https://ourworldindata.org/hunger-and-
         | undernourishment
        
           | luis_cho wrote:
           | Sadly we will know in the next years how fragile is the
           | current food production system. High centralised food system
           | based mainly on fossil fuels gives high yields until it
           | doesn't.
           | 
           | Every time I listen to Steven Pinker I think that he would
           | learn a lot with Nassim Taleb books.
        
       | spacemanmatt wrote:
       | [Unserious]
       | 
       | I'd say we understand progress so well, we've gamified it.:
       | http://progressquest.com/
        
       | beefman wrote:
       | Collison and Cowen are asking the right questions but are
       | unserious about finding answers. We need better data, a journal,
       | forecasting competitions, etc. Podcasts and twitter cliques
       | aren't going to cut it. Orthodox economics isn't going to cut it.
       | A Humanities-based approach isn't going to cut it.
       | 
       | Even more seriously, they've almost framed the inquiry as
       | unanswerable from the start. What kind of answer or new discovery
       | might they accept as an advance? What are the criteria for
       | success?
        
       | pessimizer wrote:
       | "the organisations and writers that make up the community almost
       | exclusively focus on material advancements, such as boosting
       | economic growth, improving and accelerating scientific research,
       | and increasing housing supply ("Yimby-ism") and immigration
       | (particularly "high-skilled")."
       | 
       | So the high-level pitch sounds very ambitious and comprehensive,
       | but when we get down to the nitty gritty it's just wealthy
       | professionals cloaking lobbying for the issues that affect them
       | personally in philosophical verbiage. including YIMBYism and
       | high-skilled immigration to the US in a discussion of global
       | progress is like complaining about your dry cleaner's prices
       | during a discussion of the world economy.
        
       | B1FF_PSUVM wrote:
       | I'd argue that we need to understand how progress got its current
       | meaning, as something undisputedly good.
       | 
       | A few centuries ago it just meant movement along a path - e.g.
       | The Pilgrim's Progress.
        
         | LordDragonfang wrote:
         | I'd wager it came from positive associations with the notion of
         | "scientific progress". Google NGrams:
         | 
         | https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=scientific+pro...
         | 
         | It correlates pretty cleanly with "social progress" as well
         | 
         | https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=scientific+pro...
        
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