[HN Gopher] Temporary pause of Bitcoin withdrawals on Binance
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Temporary pause of Bitcoin withdrawals on Binance
        
       Author : tosh
       Score  : 476 points
       Date   : 2022-06-13 12:12 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (twitter.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (twitter.com)
        
       | shmatt wrote:
       | Imagine if this was some Oceans 11 type heist where the BTC owner
       | (Binance, not you plebs holding coins in someone else's wallet)
       | thinks one thing is happening, all while someone unauthorized got
       | a hold of some hot wallet keys and is draining them
       | 
       | 30 minutes have come and passed, BTC still not in sight
        
       | kirbypineapple wrote:
       | The only thing that comes to mind here is that there was a fee
       | spike [1] and they've got too many unspents stuck in the mempool
       | and can't initiate further withdrawals because their wallet is
       | effectively "spent" until those pending transactions complete and
       | they receive their change. I find this a bit hard to believe
       | though...wallet management isn't simple when it comes to the
       | scale that Binance handles, however I'd be shocked if they didn't
       | have code written to trigger CPFP (Child Pays For Parent) [2].
       | 
       | [1] https://jochen-hoenicke.de/queue/#BTC,30d,weight
       | 
       | [2] https://bitcoinops.org/en/topics/cpfp/
        
         | skohan wrote:
         | I can think of many of exchanges pausing withdrawals in times
         | of extreme volatility - either close to peaks or during massive
         | selloffs.
         | 
         | I think Binance probably doesn't have enough liquidity to cover
         | their withdrawals and you probably don't need to look much
         | farther to find an explanation.
        
       | sergiotapia wrote:
       | I just liquidated my entire BTC position. Crypto failed and will
       | never be anything but a grift.
       | 
       | I'm out.
        
         | m348e912 wrote:
         | I have two buying/selling indicators for crypto.
         | 
         | 1. When my mom or other people who have no business in
         | investing in crypto ask me how much bitcoin they should buy.
         | (selling indicator)
         | 
         | 2. When people start liquidating their positions and call
         | crypto a grift. (buying indicator)
        
           | hectorlorenzo wrote:
           | What do you do when both are happening at the same time?
        
             | 7steps2much wrote:
             | Develop split personality disorder and begin trading with
             | yourself
        
       | newobj wrote:
       | DeCeNTraLiZEd
        
       | basedgod wrote:
       | actually, this is good for Bitcoin
        
       | Tade0 wrote:
       | > Funds are SAFU
       | 
       | I like how they embraced this term, even though it was originally
       | a typo that went on to live a life of its own.
        
       | eftychis wrote:
       | a) Think we are overreacting on the particular comment. It is
       | like gmail or github saying service is down/issue in Binance. b)
       | As other people commented to people's comments: unusual days is
       | when bugs manifest c) The whole stock and bond market is down.
       | Everything is down. It is the "reddest" state we have been. Feel
       | free to check.
       | 
       | We are watching the whole world economy going down. We can of
       | course carry on burying Crypto, but let us not kid ourselves that
       | the practices do not exist in the rest of the commodity space. Or
       | that the world is booming meanwhile crypto is just getting what
       | it deserves. Now if that is bad and scary, I agree. Good luck.
        
       | danlugo92 wrote:
       | Lightning fixes this.
        
       | 999900000999 wrote:
       | This really looks like a Bitcoin bank run.
       | 
       | I reckon if the tide really goes out, the money isn't really
       | there.
       | 
       | We have FDIC insurance for a reason.
       | 
       | Luckily this happened before Crypto became mainstream. Normal
       | people aren't likely to lose their life savings.
        
       | redm wrote:
       | Withdrawals resumed.
       | https://www.binance.com/en/support/announcement/d312178e0fce...
        
       | wesapien wrote:
       | They are moving from cold to hot wallet.
        
       | hatware wrote:
       | I see we didn't learn our lesson from MT Gox.
        
       | jstx1 wrote:
       | > due to a stuck transaction causing a backlog
       | 
       | How convenient for a transaction to get stuck on such a bad day
       | for crypto prices.
        
         | dubswithus wrote:
         | Half the days are bad days. The volatility is wild. So why
         | don't they have more issues if they are committing fraud is the
         | question?
        
           | spywaregorilla wrote:
           | Not this bad
        
         | edf13 wrote:
         | Didn't read his next message?
         | 
         | > This is only impacting the Bitcoin network. You can still
         | withdraw Bitcoin on other networks like BEP-20.
        
           | shawabawa3 wrote:
           | But BTCB (Bitcoin on BSC/BEP-20) is not Bitcoin
           | 
           | To actually withdraw Bitcoin like this, you'd have to bridge
           | your BTCB to WBTC on Ethereum, and from there bridge it back
           | to BTC (using a custodial bridge, AFAIK there are no WBTC/BTC
           | decentralised bridges)
           | 
           | You'd eat 2 sets of fees along the way plus gas, probably
           | costing you 0.3% or more
        
             | JCharante wrote:
             | If you want to withdraw to protect yourself against binance
             | mtgox'ing, WBTC is probably safe enough.
        
             | TrapLord_Rhodo wrote:
             | Binance has DEX's, why would you trade it for WBTC -> BTC?
        
             | mhluongo wrote:
        
           | dhsysusbsjsi wrote:
           | Which is also not Bitcoin
        
         | coryfklein wrote:
         | Days like today, when price volatility - and thus transaction
         | volume - is high, are exactly the kind of days you'd expect
         | systems issues to manifest. As opposed to some random Thursday
         | where no price action is happening.
        
       | wfhordie wrote:
       | So what exactly is the point of holding BTC if it can be held
       | hostage like this? Crypto continues to fail at its most basic
       | premises.
        
         | vishnugupta wrote:
         | You need to hold the keys in your own wallet. Holding it in a
         | centralized exchanges like Binance, Coinbase etc is at best
         | just DB entries.
        
         | shawabawa3 wrote:
         | You should be asking "what exactly is the point of holding BTC
         | on Binance"
        
           | ParksNet wrote:
           | We should be asking "what exactly is the point of holding
           | BTC"
        
             | SkyMarshal wrote:
             | Holding BTC for the long term has historically been a
             | lucrative investment. Just not holding it on one of the
             | many centralized exchanges that always seem to get hacked
             | or go bust.
        
               | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
               | Holding tulips in the long term was historically a good
               | investment, too, until it wasn't.
        
               | doliveira wrote:
               | Prices went up exactly because of these centralized
               | exchanges.
        
               | once_inc wrote:
               | [citation needed]
        
               | Night_Thastus wrote:
               | It's not a "lucrative investment". It's a bigger fool
               | scam. The only way to make money in BTC is for someone
               | else to buy in for more than you did originally. It makes
               | it appear as if BTC's price is always going up, but in
               | reality the number of fools is limited - especially with
               | the buy-in getting higher and higher.
               | 
               | Sure, the price will always go up in the long run. But it
               | will become less and less liquid, and at some point those
               | who are left will have hundreds of thousands or millions
               | of theoretical money that's completely unspendable,
               | because no-one else will buy in for more than they did.
        
               | tasuki wrote:
               | The person you're replying to was very careful to say
               | "has historically been a lucrative investment". They have
               | not claimed it to be a lucrative investment right now.
        
               | jonathanstrange wrote:
               | > _The only way to make money in BTC is for someone else
               | to buy in for more than you did originally. It makes it
               | appear as if BTC 's price is always going up_
               | 
               | I'm not a crypto expert but that statement seems
               | incorrect to me, since as far as I know BTC has deflation
               | built into it. The more is mined the harder it is to mine
               | more. So as long as investors are keeping _some_ trust in
               | it and are not selling at large scale, the BTC value
               | should continue to go up in the long run (ignoring
               | smaller fluctuations). That 's why people have been
               | flocking to it in the first place.
        
               | pram wrote:
               | Just because something has a limited amount doesn't mean
               | its value automatically goes up.
        
               | msbarnett wrote:
               | Investing with Bernie Madoff was historically a lucrative
               | investment, right up until it wasn't anymore.
        
             | coldpie wrote:
             | People like gambling. It's a fact of humanity that's never
             | going away.
        
               | namaria wrote:
               | People like free money. They get addicted to gambling
               | because of that.
        
             | once_inc wrote:
             | I can list a number of valid, real-world use cases. Bitcoin
             | can be easily held either online or offline, in a number of
             | solutions ranging between paper wallets, through hardware
             | wallets, to dedicated laptops.
             | 
             | Holding bitcoin on exchange is like giving people the keys
             | to your safe because it is easier if they can open the safe
             | for you while you gamble.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | twox2 wrote:
         | Correct, there is no point in holding crypto on an exchange. If
         | you hold your own crypto, you don't have this problem.
        
           | shadowgovt wrote:
           | So crypto is fine for transactions that I can wait a few tens
           | of minutes to a few hours to resolve, but not ones that I
           | want to make at the rate of every fiat currency I hold.
           | 
           | I can see how other people would have that use-case.
        
             | twox2 wrote:
             | I don't see how this relates to my comment above at all.
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | Exchanges allow for sub-second resolution of a
               | transaction because the resolution is actually pushing
               | numbers around in the exchange's own internal tables (or
               | between trusted exchanges). Banks offer similar service
               | when trading fiat currency (either because they can
               | resolve an internal account-to-account transaction or
               | because they'll float the risk of fraud until they can
               | resolve a cross-firm transaction). But if you want to
               | have the Bitcoin network agree on a transaction, it has
               | to get buried several blocks deep in the chain, and that
               | takes time.
        
               | twox2 wrote:
               | Ah, yes I don't disagree. IMO, I don't think the use case
               | for crypto is to replace fiat, but I can see how those
               | that operate from that assumption/desire would experience
               | friction.
        
             | koonsolo wrote:
             | There are cryptocurrencies with sub second transactions and
             | zero or almost zero transaction fees. Welcome to the world
             | of Proof of Stake.
        
               | polygamous_bat wrote:
               | You do understand that proof of stake has absolutely
               | nothing to do with transaction speed or fees -- speed
               | depends on how many nodes you want to agree on any
               | transaction (decentralization) while the fees depend on
               | how congested the network gets in an open pricing model
               | for fees?
               | 
               | Unless you are a crypto expert in it for the technology,
               | that you happened to learn from random shiller YouTube
               | videos.
        
               | koonsolo wrote:
               | Sorry, I classified DAG under PoS, my mistake.
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | naraga wrote:
         | not your keys not your coins. nothing to see here
        
           | colpabar wrote:
           | "real crypto has never been tried"
        
             | brezelgoring wrote:
             | I wonder if BTC will use the communism excuses, given the
             | space is a hyper-capitalist space where everything is made
             | of money.
             | 
             | I'll be looking with great attention to the near future.
        
             | byyll wrote:
             | It has been tried, it's on my computer right now and is
             | irrelevant whether some exchange has paused withdrawals or
             | not.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | caslon wrote:
             | I dislike cryptocurrency, generally, but plenty of people
             | hold their own keys. It's rarer, now, but that's because
             | mass consumers are generally stupid, not because the
             | technology is flawed. If you _can_ do the correct thing,
             | and you choose not to (or just are ignorant enough to not
             | do the correct thing), it 's kind of your fault.
             | 
             | I still think we should legislate it, but let's be honest:
             | Most people who lose, here, kind of deserve it, for not
             | doing the _bare minimum_ of research.
        
               | viraptor wrote:
               | This doesn't have much to do with people being stupid. If
               | you want to trade more than once a month, you pretty much
               | have to keep the funds on an exchange. Otherwise transfer
               | fees would kill any profit you made. If you're not
               | trading often, you may still want to take the risk due to
               | free in-exchange transfers.
        
               | naraga wrote:
               | so, either trade on exchanges with Lighntning or pick the
               | one at least in jurisdiction that gives you some kind of
               | protection like if you held money for any other service /
               | broker.
        
               | caslon wrote:
               | Sounds like the problem's with trading, rather than using
               | it like currency. I've used it for legal, in-person
               | transactions just fine. There are also decentralized
               | exchanges, but the peanut gallery and the incompetent
               | masses would hardly know about them.
               | 
               | Shockingly, "get rich quick" schemes are a bad idea. Who
               | would have thought? Oh, wait. Everyone.
               | 
               | I still think most cryptocurrencies should be highly
               | legislated, because most adults in society are more or
               | less children who can't be trusted around shiny objects,
               | but we should really stop pretending the problem is with
               | the technology. It's with the users, trying to shoehorn
               | it into a use-case it's unsuited for (get rich quick
               | schemes).
        
               | viraptor wrote:
               | > Sounds like the problem's with trading, rather than
               | using it like currency.
               | 
               | The context here is an exchange limiting withdrawals,
               | so... Yes, exactly?
               | 
               | Decentralised exchanges have massive fees in practice. If
               | you want to buy in and cash out after a year, sure. But
               | show me one that takes <0.1% for the whole transaction
               | including transfer/signing fees and supports BTC.
        
               | caslon wrote:
               | That doesn't mean people aren't stupid, in contrast to
               | what you implied in another comment. Unwittingly _day-
               | trading_ cryptocurrency is stupid, and the people who
               | desire to do it are not very smart.
               | 
               | That said, I do know a decentralized exchange that fits
               | your criteria. I'm not going to mention it, because I
               | refuse to enable such incredibly harmful behavior.
        
               | koonsolo wrote:
               | Once Ethereum goes to PoS, let's hope those transfers
               | become cheap enough to compete with centralised
               | exchanges.
        
               | naraga wrote:
               | PoS has nothing to do with fees being high or low.
        
               | viraptor wrote:
               | For competeness, there's also another change planned
               | after pos - sharing. And that one is expected to lower
               | the fees.
        
               | naraga wrote:
               | i believe eth (just like bitcoin before) has chosen 2nd
               | layers as a primary scaling solution. which obviously
               | affects compatibility of code across different 2nd
               | layers. basically we are talking about futures years
               | ahead.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | cloutchaser wrote:
             | I'm still waiting for the actual bitcoin infrastructure or
             | algorithm to break. It's been 10 years and a trillion
             | dollar network.
             | 
             | Just because exchanges fail, and there are shitloads of
             | scams, doesn't mean the underlying technology isn't super
             | interesting and can actually grow into something amazing in
             | a few decades.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | kspacewalk2 wrote:
               | A few decades from now, the underlying technology will
               | still be super interesting and will still have the
               | potential to actually grow into something amazing in a
               | few more decades.
        
               | cesarb wrote:
               | > I'm still waiting for the actual bitcoin infrastructure
               | or algorithm to break.
               | 
               | It already happened:
               | https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Value_overflow_incident
        
             | naraga wrote:
             | real crypto works just fine for millions. it is not problem
             | of crypto that there are people falling for ponzis (not
             | refering to Binance now). also, even quality of cefi
             | exchanges like binance, coinbase, kraken, bitfinex has been
             | outstanding in recent years so really, not sure what are we
             | even talking about here. you get much more often blocked by
             | credit card company or bank because of suspicious nonsense
             | they dont explain.
        
               | ausbah wrote:
               | sure they aren't the problem of crypto because they're a
               | feature of the surrounding ecosystem not the underlying
               | implementation, but when the ecosystem gains the
               | reputation of a scam filled hellscape and most of the
               | value and "use cases" is tied up in artificial hype -
               | that has to pose some amount of worry in terms of future
               | regulation and adoption does it not?
        
               | naraga wrote:
               | i really hate this analogy but if you want to avoid scams
               | avoid internet. crypto, for whatever reason is treated as
               | special while most are commited with all sorts of hacks
               | or social engineering. on the other hand i do recognize
               | this is an issue but imo the only thing you can do is
               | education. crypto has valid unique amazing usecases and
               | it enables things that were not possible before.
        
               | ausbah wrote:
               | crypto is just like banking, which is an already
               | regulated industry
        
           | wfhordie wrote:
           | Crypto is user hostile then? Got it
        
             | rvz wrote:
             | Nope.
             | 
             | The point is you store your crypto on a non-custodial
             | software wallet (Metamask) or a hardware wallet (Ledger
             | Nano) and not on an exchange, so it cannot be _' held
             | hostage'_.
             | 
             | It is not your keys, not your coins if it is on an exchange
             | which uses custodial wallets, but doesn't apply if it is on
             | a non-custodial wallet.
        
               | lvturner wrote:
               | This is great if I want to store it, or spend it on
               | places that accept Bitcoin (or other coins) but what if I
               | want to exchange it for another currency? Seems to me
               | only two options, an exchange or a face to face trade?
        
               | barnabee wrote:
               | You can use something like https://bisq.network/
        
               | woodpanel wrote:
               | Thanks for highlighting the bad UX of crypto currencies,
               | as it provides a nice segue into the financial danger
               | that UX causes, as it creates customer-demand for
               | simplifications that exchanges provide - so every time an
               | exchange does something rugpull-ish we're actually
               | testing how much of crypto's market-cap is based on maybe
               | not-so-sturdy confidence of retail investors...
        
               | dhsysusbsjsi wrote:
               | This statement bugs me because it is a large source of
               | confusion for new people.
               | 
               | Your funds are spendable by your private key. Your
               | private key is stored on Metamask, Ledger or a piece of
               | paper.
               | 
               | It's an important distinction to make. Your hardware
               | wallet is just a custodian of your private key.
        
               | benjaminwootton wrote:
               | That bugs me too.
               | 
               | Almost every document out there talks about storing coins
               | in your wallet. It's actually a private key in there.
               | 
               | Maybe with the right language, more people might be
               | tempted to hold their own keys and eschew centralised
               | exchanges.
        
               | namaria wrote:
               | You either have a healthy ecosystem or you don't.
        
             | kmac_ wrote:
             | "Always has been."
        
             | mrkramer wrote:
             | Speaking of Bitcoin;
             | 
             | Satoshi was an excellent C++ programmer but s/he wasn't
             | quite good at creating GUI and "Crypto" consumer apps
             | that's why s/he open sourced it and left it to the
             | community to build upon it and expand the Bitcoin
             | ecosystem.
             | 
             | Btw at the time Bitcoin was in the experimental phase and
             | Satoshi left the Bitcoin community pretty early that's why
             | "Crypto" was user hostile and maybe still is.
        
               | mempko wrote:
               | Satosh was NOT an excellent C++ programmer. As someone
               | who heavily dug into bitcoin code, the whole thing was a
               | mess from the beginning. Poorly architected. Insane
               | amount of global variables. It was just a huge mess and
               | still is.
               | 
               | IMO it was initially written by someone deep in
               | government (but I have no proof, just my opinion from
               | looking at the code).
        
               | mrkramer wrote:
               | >Satoshi was NOT an excellent C++ programmer.
               | 
               | I'm not a programmer but that is what Gavin Andresen
               | said[1]; he said something like this "Satoshi was an
               | excellent C++ programmer but he wasn't a cryptographer"
               | and "Satoshi wasn't familiar with Cryptography 101" in a
               | sense that Satoshi was sometimes mixing up basic
               | cryptographic concepts.
               | 
               | And yea I know Bitcoin had plenty of bugs I heard of
               | notorious Value overflow incident[2].
               | 
               | >IMO it was initially written by someone deep in
               | government (but I have no proof, just my opinion from
               | looking at the code).
               | 
               | My assumption is someone from the academia e.g.
               | university professor. Maybe someone who was teaching
               | freshmen basics of Computer Science and basic C++
               | programming then your point might be valid that Bitcoin's
               | codebase was poorly written looking from the practical
               | and from the professional point of view.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rQ3e1Pzu7iI
               | 
               | [2] https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Value_overflow_incident
        
             | koonsolo wrote:
             | So is command line, but that doesn't mean it has no value.
        
         | matt_s wrote:
         | Holding crypto on an exchange is like giving money to a guy on
         | the corner who knows a broker to put in the stock market and
         | telling them you don't need the account numbers, you trust
         | them.
         | 
         | If you're going to do crypto, get a wallet setup where you have
         | the keys to it.
        
           | yunohn wrote:
           | > Holding crypto on an exchange is like giving money to a guy
           | on the corner
           | 
           | I'm sorry, what?
           | 
           | A CEX /should/ be comparable to a brokerage like Charles
           | Schwab or even Robinhood. This comes with legal protections -
           | they can't gamble with my unused money or invested stocks.
           | 
           | Also, and this is the most disingenuous part - how do you buy
           | crypto with fiat? Literally everyone I know uses a CEX to
           | on/off-ramp, and sadly this is widely seen as an acceptable
           | evil.
        
             | matt_s wrote:
             | Are there really legal protections for crypto exchanges?
             | 
             | Use an exchange to on/off ramp it, then put it into your
             | own wallet for holding.
        
           | seanw444 wrote:
           | Apparently that's too hard for the layman. Even though there
           | are wallet apps that literally walk you through it...
        
           | SilverBirch wrote:
           | There's two counter points to this. The first is that in
           | terms of day to day likelihood of losing the bitcoin, you're
           | probably generally safer with an exchange than holding the
           | crypto yourself. Secondly, if the exchanges actually do
           | collapse, then whilst you won't lose your BTC if you're not
           | on the exchange, your BTC are probably going to be worth a
           | lot less anyway, so you're still exposed to the risk of
           | exchanges collapsing. If you're the average joe who has
           | bitcoin (you probably shouldn't have bitcoin) but using an
           | exchange isn't crazy.
        
             | matt_s wrote:
             | Use exchanges for just that, exchanging it, but don't let a
             | central exchange hold it in their wallet.
        
               | Petersipoi wrote:
               | This reply completely ignores everything GP said. You
               | didn't address either of the (seemingly very valid)
               | points they made.
        
               | matt_s wrote:
               | Generally safer with an exchange I would disagree with,
               | you're at the whim of whatever is in the TOS for that
               | exchange, it's not a bank or securities broker. If you're
               | relatively good with keeping secrets/passwords then
               | setting up your own wallet should be easy.
               | 
               | It seems like exchanges kind of are counterintuitive for
               | a decentralized financial product (for holding your
               | crypto). One could argue that exchanges that fail when
               | people are selling off a lot of volume might not have a
               | good business model. My naive brain thinks an exchange
               | will make money on transactions so it shouldn't matter if
               | the exchange from crypto_bucks to USD is different. If
               | volume falls drastically then maybe your operating costs
               | are too high?
        
             | jonathanstrange wrote:
             | It is surely seems crazy to me as long as these exchanges
             | can withhold your money - which brings me to the question
             | how this practice could possibly by legal. Is it in the
             | contract of these pseudo-banking services that they can
             | withhold their clients' money whenever and as long as they
             | wish? Why would anybody agree to such a contract?
        
               | spicybright wrote:
               | Because people aren't reading the fine print. They just
               | assume it's a better bank until this happens.
               | 
               | While this might change in the future, I would guess
               | bitcoin isn't technically money. It's more like a gift
               | card some people will exchange for real money.
               | 
               | But even a gift card has more protection than crypto lol
        
             | skohan wrote:
             | So it's not safe to keep in an exchange and not safe to
             | keep outside of an exchange. Future of finance alright.
        
               | wcfields wrote:
               | Future of finance: Your own mattress (cold wallet) or a
               | bookie incorporated in a tax-haven (exchange)
        
             | tasuki wrote:
             | > if the exchanges actually do collapse, then whilst you
             | won't lose your BTC if you're not on the exchange, your BTC
             | are probably going to be worth a lot less anyway
             | 
             | I hear this repeated often. Very short term, sure. But long
             | term, shouldn't your slice of magical internet money pot be
             | worth more simply because there's now less of it in total?
        
             | oneoff786 wrote:
             | > The first is that in terms of day to day likelihood of
             | losing the bitcoin, you're probably generally safer with an
             | exchange than holding the crypto yourself.
             | 
             | The word you're looking for is bank
        
             | woah wrote:
             | > Secondly, if the exchanges actually do collapse, then
             | whilst you won't lose your BTC if you're not on the
             | exchange, your BTC are probably going to be worth a lot
             | less anyway
             | 
             | This is nonsense. Hundreds of Bitcoin exchanges have
             | collapsed over the last 10 years.
        
           | lxgr wrote:
           | Where do you initially buy that crypto, then? And where would
           | you sell it, in case you need other currencies?
        
             | yunohn wrote:
        
               | throwaaay103948 wrote:
        
             | throwaaay103948 wrote:
             | Work for Bitcoin (wage)
             | 
             | Sell goods and/or services for Bitcoin
             | 
             | Trade Bitcoin on P2P platforms (Local Bitcoins, Bisq, etc.)
        
               | chinathrow wrote:
               | > Work for Bitcoin (wage)
               | 
               | Haha, yeah, right. Seriously: don't do this.
        
       | Lionga wrote:
       | 30 Minutes mentioned now passed twice, no update. Well Not your
       | keys, not your coins (not that they will be worth much soon
       | anyway...)
        
       | throw03172019 wrote:
       | It's my understanding this is not effecting selling BTC? It would
       | effect people buying BTC but not being able to send it to their
       | own wallet?
       | 
       | If they were preventing deposits of BTC, it would prevent people
       | from selling.
        
       | duttonw wrote:
       | if you left crypto on an exchange, you took a risk, this is the
       | wild wild west.
        
       | throwaway4good wrote:
       | "stuck transaction causing a backlog"
       | 
       | Can someone explain the mechanism here? What is going on? (Is it
       | something interally at Binance or something to do with the
       | Bitcoin network.)
        
         | cool_dude85 wrote:
         | You know how the internet is a series of tubes? Well someone
         | clogged the bitcoin tube over at Binance.
        
           | DonHopkins wrote:
        
             | rasz wrote:
             | more like https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DJklHwoYgBQ
        
           | seanw444 wrote:
           | It all makes sense now.
        
         | rocqua wrote:
         | Two guesses:
         | 
         | Guess one, they made a big transaction with most of their hot
         | wallet, partially paying out to someone who withdrew, with the
         | rest going back to the hot wallet. This transaction is in the
         | queue but not finalized yet. The network won't accept any other
         | spends of that money. Because that would be a double spend. So
         | until that transaction is finalized (or it gets to old) that
         | bitcoin is 'stuck'.
         | 
         | Or alternatively their hot wallet is empty and they have an
         | outstanding transaction to refill it from their cold wallet.
         | (They have the cash, but they have to wait until they can get
         | it from their 'vault', and there is a traffic jam on the way to
         | the vault).
         | 
         | I am not sure the first guess actually still works this way, I
         | vaguely recall there are now mechanisms for one transaction to
         | 'override' another non-confirmed transaction.
        
           | jonahbenton wrote:
           | Excellent hypotheses, it should be possible to see these
           | transactions if they are out there. That's why it's a public
           | blockchain.
        
           | lovingCranberry wrote:
           | You are right about your first guess.
           | 
           | Childs can pay fees for their parent now.
        
           | throwaway4good wrote:
           | What queue? Is there a queue in the bitcoin network?
           | 
           | I thought it was a question of paying a high enough
           | transaction fee and you would get your transaction done
           | faster / within 10 minutes.
        
             | rocqua wrote:
             | It's a queue, but not a first-come first serve one. The
             | problem I imagine is that, once you set your transaction
             | fee, and it turns out to be too low, it is hard to
             | retroactively pay more fee. Just because the system doesn't
             | allow two spends of the same output in the mempool at the
             | same time, and canceling a transaction is hard.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | > What queue? Is there a queue in the bitcoin network?
             | 
             | Yes, that's what the mempool is.
             | 
             | >I thought it was a question of paying a high enough
             | transaction fee and you would get your transaction done
             | faster / within 10 minutes.
             | 
             | that's broadly true, but if transaction volume spikes then
             | your initial fee estimate might be too low. there are ways
             | around this (RBF, CPFP), but it's unknown whether their
             | wallet software handles it.
        
               | throwaway4good wrote:
               | How would this be an excuse for Binance to block outgoing
               | transactions?
               | 
               | Unless somehow all of Binance's bitcoin was stuck in the
               | mempool ...
        
               | rcxdude wrote:
               | They just described a situation where most of their
               | readily available bitcoin (exchanges do not keep more
               | than a minimum of their available cryptocurrencies in a
               | programmatrically available wallet) could be stuck in the
               | mempool.
        
               | rocqua wrote:
               | It wouldn't need to be all their bitcoin, just their hot-
               | wallets. Moving bitcoin out of cold wallets should
               | generally be a slow process.
        
           | lxgr wrote:
           | > there are now mechanisms for one transaction to 'override'
           | another non-confirmed transaction.
           | 
           | There's at least two, "child pays for parent" and replace-by-
           | fee. It's pretty hard to get regular transactions really
           | "stuck", these days.
        
             | rocqua wrote:
             | Ah ofcourse child pays for parent essentially always works.
             | If I recall correctly replace-by-fee requires wallet
             | support perhaps even at the time of creating the original
             | transaction. But child pays for parent is just universal
             | because it doesn't need to replace the transaction in the
             | mempool, it just pays the miners to move it out of the
             | mempool.
        
         | ISL wrote:
         | Bitcoin is off ~20% against USD in the last two days, ~13% in
         | last day.
         | 
         | That much movement is bound to drive transaction and redemption
         | volumes way up at any exchange.
        
         | thehumanmeat wrote:
         | Doubt it's that. They ran out of reserve for their fractional
         | reserve. Crypto on exchange wallets has already been dwindling
         | the past few months.
        
       | LightG wrote:
       | Bro's!
       | 
       | They're blocking us from our rights!!
       | 
       | Our ... our ... FREEEEEEEEEEDOMMMM!!!!
        
       | fredgrott wrote:
       | CryptoCurrency
       | 
       | Not only an oxymoron but not a safe investment in any fashion AND
       | that was by DESIGN.
        
       | bluedino wrote:
       | How does a transaction get "stuck"?
       | 
       | Internal system thing, right?
        
         | buzzin_ wrote:
         | There is an informational asymmetry, so rogue exchanges can lie
         | all they want without you knowing for sure, and those that do
         | not want to give you your money for whatever reason always do
         | (lie that is).
         | 
         | This happened with MtGox and permanent withdrawal problems,
         | both with USD and BTC.
         | 
         | With USD, it was "Oh, no, its the banks, they are limiting us
         | to $50.000 per day, it's not us".
         | 
         | With BTC, it was "Oh, no, Bitcoin network has a bug, we cannot
         | process withdrawals, it's not us".
        
         | Ekaros wrote:
         | Basically you bid for someone to deliver a packet for you. They
         | promise to deliver it as soon as your bid is high enough to get
         | into bunch of deliveries they are going to do. If others pay
         | more they might end up never delivering your packet...
        
       | pavlov wrote:
       | Bitcoin is getting close to its Dec 2017 peak. That may be when
       | the real crash starts.
        
         | agilob wrote:
         | When I'm not sure I always google "bitcoin meme graph" and it's
         | always correct, it's actually crazy how all major coins follow
         | this pattern. Welcome to "capitulation" stage
         | 
         | https://www.kraken.com/en-gb/prices/eth-ethereum-price-chart...
         | 
         | https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=bitcoin%20meme%20gr...
        
       | atlasunshrugged wrote:
       | In other news: Celsius Network pausing withdrawals as well
       | 
       | https://www.barrons.com/articles/celsius-network-pauses-with....
        
         | ceejayoz wrote:
         | Ongoing discussion of that at
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31723286.
        
       | circa wrote:
       | https://celsius.network/ is doing this too. Not good.
        
       | jtode wrote:
        
         | woodpanel wrote:
         | Sweethaert, don't waste your popcorn watching that dumpster
         | fire. The real show starts once Tether "de-re-pegs".
        
           | xwdv wrote:
           | Agreed, that's the one domino I'm waiting for to fall. Once
           | tether collapses it's instantly going to take about 25% of
           | Bitcoins price down with it, and a whole other series of
           | events will probably set in motion. Everything will start
           | trending to zero.
        
             | woodpanel wrote:
             | I'm wondering if it's just going to be 25%.
             | 
             | How many investors actually understand the technology? Who
             | (even here at HN) has read a whitepaper? I've read some,
             | and have to say it became a personal running gag of how
             | many pages it would take until the authors completely
             | descend into fogging the reader with a mumbo-jumbo of made
             | up words ("The Tangle").
             | 
             | But more specifically Tether stands at half the marketcap
             | of Etheruem [0] and represents the largest trade volume (ie
             | that of Bitcoin and Etherium combined) [1]
             | 
             | [0] Marketcap ETH: 147 Bn USD, USDT: 72 Bn USD
             | 
             | [1] Volume BTC: 63 Bn USD, ETH: 42 Bn USD, USDT: 103 Bn USD
        
               | cryptoanon wrote:
               | I love how cocksure people are of Tether's decline. Do
               | you believe reading a bitcoin (or IOTA) whitepaper is
               | sufficient to understanding market structure because I
               | get the sense that you do not understand it.
               | 
               | If you are so sure, feel free to short Tether.
        
               | josephlord wrote:
               | 1. Shorting practicalities for Tether not clear. 2. Need
               | confidence 3rd party will pay out. 3. Market can stay
               | irrational longer than I can stay solvent. 4. Especially
               | high risks when dealing with an entity which for the
               | moment can print money to manipulate markets.
               | 
               | In short, I'm confident it will fail and fairly
               | spectacularly but I don't know when and I'm also not sure
               | how to go about shorting it.
        
               | woodpanel wrote:
               | USDT ticks all the checkboxes of prior Ponzi's I've
               | experienced but please, enlighten me.
               | 
               | Stablecoins in principle face the issue of pegging
               | against something that dillutes at will.
               | 
               | But specifically USDT: How is Tether's peg supposed to
               | work if it's alledged backing assets consist of _other
               | crypto assets_ ?! Shouldn 't they seek less crypto
               | exposure for stability?
               | 
               | Assets which are BTW unsatisfactory disclosed considering
               | a) comparison with established equity markets and b) that
               | such disclosure only exists at all due to law-
               | enforcement.
        
               | rspeele wrote:
               | Is there a place one can short Tether, that can also be
               | trusted to pay out on a short position in the event of a
               | catastrophic Tether collapse? I.e. not a crypto exchange?
        
               | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
               | See how tech savvy your local bookie is?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | twawaaay wrote:
       | I am so happy about this. I hope this is going to sour crypto for
       | "investors". I use quotes, because they really are not --
       | investing should be reserved for fronting cash to create some
       | value (like buying stock to infuse capital into a corporation).
       | As it is all crypto trading is purely speculation.
       | 
       | The world would be so much better if money tended to be exchanged
       | in good faith, to improve something rather than just to exploit
       | market instability.
        
         | rmbyrro wrote:
         | Technically, only direct stock offerings "infuse capital into a
         | corporation".
         | 
         | The rest (which is probably 99% of the market volume) is also
         | just "speculation".
        
           | twawaaay wrote:
           | The stock market isn't speculation (though there is a lot of
           | speculation on stock market -- these two sentences are not in
           | conflict).
           | 
           | Speculation is something that happens when you start buying
           | and selling for reasons that are not at all connected to the
           | performance of the company.
           | 
           | There is a lot of useful, value-creating reasons for people
           | to be able to sell their share they bought at initial stock
           | offering.
           | 
           | And think about how useful/worthwhile a share would be if you
           | could never sell it. Remember, there isn't selling if there
           | isn't buying. If you want to sell your share there must be
           | somebody ready to buy from you.
        
         | dubswithus wrote:
         | Being happy about retail investors losing money is immoral. I
         | hope you realize that.
         | 
         | We have a lot of investments in the US that do nothing except
         | force people to grind even harder. Look at the housing market.
         | Why should housing be an investment when we absolutely need it
         | to live and there are other investment vehicles that do just as
         | well if not better?
        
           | twawaaay wrote:
           | > Being happy about retail investors losing money is immoral.
           | I hope you realize that.
           | 
           | No, it is not immoral. Retail "investors" should know better
           | than "invest" into things with very shaky connection to
           | reality where it is predicted value next Wednesday can be
           | anywhere between zero and infinity. If they loose all your
           | money on crypto that is purely their fault for "investing"
           | into something which has no real value and can loose its
           | virtual value in no time.
           | 
           | They wanted their chance at huge profits on an extremely
           | volatile market and extreme volatility is what they got.
        
             | dubswithus wrote:
             | So someone made a mistake? And the correct moral approach
             | is to laugh and gloat?
        
               | twawaaay wrote:
               | I am not getting how laughing at stupid people doing
               | stupid things is immoral. Got any bitcoin that it got you
               | so wound up?
        
         | eatsyourtacos wrote:
         | >investing should be reserved for fronting cash to create some
         | value (like buying stock to infuse capital into a corporation).
         | As it is all crypto trading is purely speculation.
         | 
         | Ok but let's be real- buying a stock is not really "creating
         | value". The stock already exists. Company A has issued 100
         | shares. People are buying/selling it in the market.. no one is
         | creating value there. Sure they may be arbitrarily driving the
         | value up, but that's not creating real value.
         | 
         | If you want to argue that an IPO is "creating value" because
         | people basically front the money to give capital.. ok fine. But
         | let's not pretend you as a random person buying and selling
         | google shares that already exist is creating value.
         | 
         | Also, I would say the people sitting here buying and selling
         | stocks are most of the time 99% pure speculation. They have
         | zero control over what actually happens in the company. Sure
         | they can do "research" and guess what might happen.. but it's
         | still nearly all gambling.
         | 
         | Investing is the horrible word for how nearly the entire
         | financial system works. People have created gambling as a way
         | of life, and convinced everyone else that they must gamble
         | their money to make more. Which, surprise surprise, nearly
         | always benefits the rich. Guaranteed pension/good social
         | security? Nah, throw your money into our 401k so we can prop up
         | the rest of the market arbitrarily and continue to drive up
         | everything the rich own so they are richer! And you've all
         | fallen for it.
        
           | karpierz wrote:
           | > Ok but let's be real- buying a stock is not really
           | "creating value". The stock already exists. Company A has
           | issued 100 shares. People are buying/selling it in the
           | market.. no one is creating value there. Sure they may be
           | arbitrarily driving the value up, but that's not creating
           | real value.
           | 
           | If it wasn't possible to resell stocks, capital acquired via
           | stock issuance would be much more expensive. The stock market
           | allows stocks to function as a means of seeding capital.
           | 
           | It's like saying "paying back your mortgage doesn't get buy
           | you a house." The mortgage only exists because it gets paid
           | back.
           | 
           | > Also, I would say the people sitting here buying and
           | selling stocks are most of the time 99% pure speculation.
           | They have zero control over what actually happens in the
           | company. Sure they can do "research" and guess what might
           | happen.. but it's still nearly all gambling.
           | 
           | Yes, which general advice is to spread your capital across
           | the whole market. It used to be that you had to spend your
           | capital building up your own business, which is even worse
           | than trying to pick your own stocks. Now you can diversify
           | your risk world-wide, as to avoid any sort of local
           | calamities.
        
           | misslibby wrote:
           | By buying existing stock you help create a functioning
           | market, which in turn helps other people make investments.
           | That they can sell their stock in the future factors into
           | investment decisions. Therefore imp it is incorrect to say
           | buying existing stocks doesn't create value.
        
           | twawaaay wrote:
           | The difference between speculation and investing isn't in
           | that you want to earn money (everybody who buys stock want to
           | increase their wealth). The reason is for why you pick this
           | particular instrument.
           | 
           | When I buy stock (or when Berkshire Hathaway does it) I buy
           | into business that I hope has sound fundaments and is going
           | to grow and create more value over time. I spend considerable
           | effort trying to understand the situation the business is in,
           | do they have dangers ahead of them, do they have sound
           | leadership, etc. This is investing -- buying things that you
           | hope are going to increase in value over long time.
           | 
           | Speculation is when you buy things for reasons that are not
           | at all connected with the thing you are buying. For example
           | you noticed people are buying crypto, the price is going up,
           | so why not jump in on the wagon and get your cut of the
           | profit. This is speculation because it totally ignores what
           | is it that you are buying, and the only thing that you care
           | is that the price is going up.
        
             | dubswithus wrote:
             | Unless you have an equity position you haven't given the
             | company anything for the shares when you buy Berkshire
             | stock. You are essentially riding off of Buffett's success
             | and making money without doing any work.
        
               | twawaaay wrote:
        
           | toomuchtodo wrote:
           | Pensions invest in the capital markets. Social security
           | invests in US treasuries. It's productive activity allocation
           | all the way down.
        
         | danuker wrote:
         | > As it is all crypto trading is purely speculation.
         | 
         | The reason I stay invested is the supply-side economics.
         | 
         | The supply is well-known in advance, and is advantageous to
         | Bitcoin. US M2 money supply grew 8.04% in the past year [0],
         | while Bitcoin's grew ~1.75% [1].
         | 
         | Yes, demand has its 80% ups and downs, but each crash was to a
         | level higher than the previous.
         | 
         | [0] - https://ycharts.com/indicators/us_m2_money_supply_yoy
         | 
         | [1] - https://charts.woobull.com/bitcoin-inflation/
        
           | potatoz2 wrote:
           | There are many many things in the world that grow slower than
           | US money supply but nonetheless see their price go down or
           | plateau.
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | > Yes, demand has its 80% ups and downs, but each crash was
           | to a level higher than the previous.
           | 
           | You're actually looking at demand more than supply. You're
           | right that supply isn't going up much, but you have no
           | evidence or theory about why people will be more interested
           | in Bitcoin in 5 years than they are now. You really have to
           | look at both.
        
           | SantalBlush wrote:
           | The supply of my toenail clippings has grown by less than
           | either of these over the past year. If you'd like to apply
           | your supply-side economics and invest, send me a DM.
        
             | danuker wrote:
             | Call me when they reach $100B in market cap.
        
           | legulere wrote:
           | What when demand goes to 0, when people realize that bitcoins
           | aren't useful for anything legal?
        
             | danuker wrote:
             | Then I incur a 100% loss and move on.
             | 
             | But so far, this crash has stayed above the 2017 top. So it
             | looks like I'm holding the S&P at 4x leverage, but with no
             | margin calls.
        
         | UkrainianJew wrote:
         | >investing should be reserved for fronting cash to create some
         | value (like buying stock to infuse capital into a corporation).
         | 
         | Low interest rates have killed this cause. If corporations can
         | get cash from the banks at near zero rates, the only remaining
         | use case for investments is heavy speculation. In a sense, the
         | post-2008 monetary policy was about making things look good on
         | paper, while hollowing out the economy with bullshit jobs,
         | bullshit stocks and bullshit business models.
         | 
         | As bad as the spiraling inflation could be, I hope the shock
         | coming from it will bring the economy back to the common sense.
        
         | misslibby wrote:
         | I really don't get why people are happy about Bitcoin crashing.
         | It is the only hope for freedom.
         | 
         | What do you mean by "exchanging money in good faith"? So being
         | able to prove transactions are valid is a bad thing in your
         | opinion?
         | 
         | You think it is a good thing that the FED can make the whole
         | economy tumble by playing with their interest rates?
        
           | mmastrac wrote:
           | > It is the only hope for freedom.
           | 
           | I... am not sure how to reply to something like this. Does
           | this not strike people as a bit cult-like?
        
             | TrapLord_Rhodo wrote:
             | >Does this not strike people as a bit cult-like?
             | 
             | Crypto is not a technology, it's a religion. The reason
             | behind this is that it takes faith to believe that today
             | does not represent tomorrow.
             | 
             | There is more nuance behind crypto besides its
             | technological innovation like AMM's ,ZK-proofs &
             | distributed computing. It's the idea that you can be a
             | self-soverign individual, owing fealty to no nation.
             | 
             | It's often brought along at the disillusionment of the
             | current united states world order. We see rampant
             | corruption, an absolutely ancient leadership completely out
             | of touch with the current generation and an economy that
             | seems to forever favor the rich. There is no light at the
             | end of the tunnel in the current economic system for a
             | large majority of the population.
             | 
             | Bitcoin promises(ed?) the ability to transact with anyone
             | on the planet outside the vieew of the current regime.
             | Bitcoin promised "Proof of work" over "Proof of violence".
             | It has allowed us to create "ad-hoc governance" like neveer
             | before. it gave an entire generation of people light at the
             | end of the tunnel.
             | 
             | I am not saying that any of these things are correct, or
             | 'Right'. Simply stating how i've seen the community evolve
             | and why.
        
             | trts wrote:
             | I don't agree with GP but there are legitimate reasons why
             | people are sympathetic to this.
             | 
             | One reason would be the increased difficulty of a
             | government to seize or freeze assets for people who are
             | determined to be politically problematic (see: e-CNY and
             | SWIFT).
             | 
             | Another would be the accelerating debasement of currencies
             | which provides opportunity for the rich to become richer in
             | wealth & assets, while wages for the working class are
             | diminished by inflation.
        
             | misslibby wrote:
             | Do you disagree that the monetary policies of the FED
             | messed up the economy? How is that OK?
             | 
             | The point of Bitcoin is literally decentralization.
             | Centralization is control and anti-freedom.
        
       | tomcat27 wrote:
       | It's not in the spirit of decentralization to stop withdrawals
        
         | dragontamer wrote:
         | It actually is.
         | 
         | Smaller banks are vulnerable to bank runs. So a lot of banks
         | during crisis (before FDIC / Centralized Banking in the USA)
         | would close up to stop bank runs.
         | 
         | Closing up shop during a bank run only made people angrier, and
         | exacerbated the problem. What was invoked as a solution, was
         | for every bank in the nation to be FDIC insured by the central
         | bank.
         | 
         | The smaller and more decentralized banks are, the more
         | frequently the bank-runs are, forcing the small banks to close
         | to protect themselves.
        
           | tomcat27 wrote:
           | They are not banks. They are forex traders.
        
       | mig39 wrote:
       | Looks like they've resumed:
       | 
       | https://www.binance.com/en/support/announcement/d312178e0fce...
        
       | doomroot wrote:
       | Reposting from the other thread:
       | 
       | I would like to provide some context to people unfamiliar with
       | how the bitcoin mempool works and what you can do to avoid
       | getting your transaction stuck. The mempool is all of the
       | transactions that have ben gossiped about but have not yet been
       | mined (finalized) into a block. Each node has their own mempool.
       | You can see [1] that there are roughly 6 hrs worth of
       | transactions in this node's mempool (everyone should have a
       | similar mempool, though not identical). So Binance's claims of
       | network congestion are "true" on the surface, however there are a
       | few interesting points that lead me to believe that they are
       | acting fishy.
       | 
       | 1. Why does Binance not have RBF enabled on their withdrawal
       | transactions?                 RBF mean "replace by fee" and it's
       | a way you can mark an unconfirmed transaction as replaceable by a
       | similar transaction that pays higher fees. This is extremely
       | useful when you need to ram a transaction into a block by
       | increasing the fee you're willing to pay miners to mine your
       | transaction. I highly recommend you only use a wallet that allows
       | you to use RBF & to have RBF enabled by default. Of course
       | Binance knows about RBF so why aren't they using it?
       | 
       | 2. Why does Binance not use 'Child Pays for Parent'? CPFP is a
       | little hard to understand if you don't understand that bitcoin
       | transactions are linked together in a graph structure. In short,
       | a bitcoin transaction is a data structure that points to previous
       | transactions to spend. CPFP is when you make a new transaction
       | that spends from your previous unconfirmed transaction (un-mined
       | transaction in the mempool) and over pay in fees to cover the
       | cost of both transactions. This incentivizes miners to include
       | BOTH transaction in the same block. Once again Binance should be
       | doing this. An ideal way to do this would be to batch a bunch of
       | customer withdrawals in a single transaction. This would save a
       | lot on network fees. They would make this big transaction payout
       | a _large_ amount back to themselves so that they could CPFP this
       | batched withdrawal transaction.
       | 
       | 3. Binance has their own mining pool with 11% of the network
       | hash[2]. Binance could easily prioritize their "stuck" withdrawal
       | transaction in their pool's blocks. Of course if they didn't
       | subsidize their miners for this they risk them switching to
       | another pool. One would think that halting withdrawals is an
       | existential risk to their business so temporarily paying their
       | miners to ram transactions through should be worth it?
       | 
       | So what is the take away from all of this? There are numerous
       | tools at Binance's disposal. Why did they not work/why are they
       | not using them? My hunch is that they don't have all of their
       | ducks in a row & are running a fractional reserve. (this is pure
       | speculation on my part) They likely had a lot of (your) bitcoin
       | tied up in "risk-free" interest accounts (Celsius) and are
       | scrambling to get ahold of bitcoin to give back to customers.
       | 
       | [1] https://mempool.space/ [2]
       | https://mempool.space/mining/pool/binancepool
        
       | johntony678 wrote:
        
         | once_inc wrote:
         | ?!
        
       | jmoak3 wrote:
       | You really cannot make this up. As usual crypto in practice is
       | the opposite of decentralized because people. Will. Not. Run.
       | Their. Servers.
       | 
       | Moxie nailed it
        
         | sgt101 wrote:
         | I think it's because bitcoin trading can't actually use the
         | network - it's too slow and expensive.
         | 
         | So the exchanges and the stable coins are used as a proxy which
         | then means that they are disconnected from the actual currency.
         | This means that there is an amplifier (leverage) on the way up,
         | leading to spectacular bull runs.
         | 
         | Also...
        
           | FabHK wrote:
           | > bitcoin trading can't actually use the network
           | 
           | Crypto trading on exchanges never uses the network. You send
           | your crypto to an exchange on-chain, and all trading
           | happening on the exchange then is off-chain: just adjustment
           | of a few positions in the exchange's databank (as it should
           | be: quick and efficient, within a centralised trusted
           | institution).
        
           | misslibby wrote:
           | Decentralized exchanges exist, but they can't trade with fiat
           | money. One of the reasons why stablecoins exist.
        
         | optimiz3 wrote:
         | Case in point: was an early adopter of Eth, mined many of the
         | very early blocks. Sold it all back in February. One of the
         | reasons? The whole Eth 2.0 upgrade requires both a base level
         | node (Ethererum sanctioned) and a "2.0 validator node" where
         | one is supposed to trust a 3rd party implementation with
         | minimally 10s of thousands of dollars per stake. At least with
         | a 1st party node the Ethereum Foundation stood behind it but
         | now there is no official release backing the future of the
         | project, only a spec.
         | 
         | How is anyone sane supposed to run their own servers in this
         | case?
        
           | faangiq wrote:
           | Also ETH is nonsense with no use case.
        
             | kybernetyk wrote:
             | They have a use case: roll backs when something goes
             | """"wrong"""" ;)
        
             | optimiz3 wrote:
             | Wouldn't go that far - the programmable aspects were at
             | release were certainly unique and value added.
        
               | coldpie wrote:
               | Wait till this guy hears about stored procedures.
        
               | RC_ITR wrote:
               | To do what? (Other than enable financial engineering)
        
               | aasasd wrote:
               | Put in one buck, take out two bucks. The American Dream.
        
               | fddhjjj wrote:
               | Why would programmable money be useful for anything
               | beyond financial engineering. It's literally engineering
               | + finance.
               | 
               | Why is financial engineering inherently universally
               | without qualification bad? I have a mortgage, an index
               | fund, and an ATM card. I :heart: financial engineering.
        
               | freemint wrote:
               | > Why is financial engineering inherently universally
               | without qualification bad?
               | 
               | Yeah because it takes up engineering time and produces no
               | tangible good but to widen inequality.
        
               | fddhjjj wrote:
               | I cited three examples of financial engineering. Just to
               | be clear you oppose mortgages, index funds, and ATM
               | machines?
               | 
               | I agree all of these or at least mortgages and index
               | funds probably increase inequality especially given
               | uneven access. As far as tangible goods -- home
               | ownership, retirement savings, and less time spent
               | waiting at the bank.
        
               | RC_ITR wrote:
               | You did _not_ cite 3 examples of  "financial
               | engineering," you cited examples of "financial services."
               | 
               | If crypto made it meaningfully easier to borrow capital
               | to invest in utility assets, then I'd :heart: it too.
               | (Mortgages)
               | 
               | If crypto made it meaningfully easier to own equity
               | capital in assets priced by utility, then I'd :heart: it
               | too. (ETFS)
               | 
               | If crypto made it meaningfully easier to transact for
               | utility goods/services with my capital, then I'd :heart:
               | it too (ATMS)
               | 
               | Crypto dos none of these things.
               | 
               | What it does do, is it allows me to arb trade against
               | misinformed retail liquidity providers who foolishly put
               | their capital into DEX's.
        
               | fddhjjj wrote:
               | Can you provide a decision rule that distinguishes
               | financial services from financial engineering?
               | 
               | I do not feel as confident as you seem that the group of
               | things called "crypto" will not be useful for financial
               | services.
        
               | RC_ITR wrote:
               | My definition: Financial engineering is the quantitative
               | isolation and amplification of financial risk/reward,
               | usually through leveraged/synthetic derivative products.
               | There's no perfect source, but you can see similar
               | definitions here [0] [1] [2]
               | 
               | To give you a crypto example of this, Aave is financial
               | engineering, because it allows users to make a bet that
               | they can execute high-volume short-duration trades that
               | yield more than Aave lending fees.
               | 
               | In terms of what is financial services, my definition is:
               | Any action taken that allows capital holders to better
               | deploy their capital into the real (read: goods and
               | services) economy. Again, no prefect source, but [3] [4]
               | [5]
               | 
               | Again the key nuance here is _financial services
               | primarily focus on supporting the real economy, while
               | financial engineering is primarily focused on risk
               | /reward_
               | 
               | And to be frank, I would absolutely love it if
               | cryptocurrencies supported the real economy in literally
               | any way shape or form. I would get "BTC4Life" tattooed on
               | my forehead, I would dedicate my life to working for the
               | innovators in the space, but unless you've got some
               | secret, I don't think you can give me an example of
               | literally anything cryptocurrency does to support the
               | real economy that a centralized solution couldn't also
               | do.
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_engineering
               | 
               | [1] https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/financialenginee
               | ring.as....
               | 
               | [2] https://www.iaqf.org/what-is-financial-engineering
               | 
               | [3] https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2011/03/ba
               | sics.ht...
               | 
               | [4] https://www.cisa.gov/financial-services-sector
               | 
               | [5] https://www.law.cornell.edu/definitions/uscode.php?wi
               | dth=840...
        
               | fddhjjj wrote:
               | Strong parallels between your definition with "isolation"
               | and that offered by freemint in terms of decomposition
               | into elements.
               | 
               | The nuance makes sense on its face. Although I don't
               | trust my own judgement of what impacts the real economy
               | and what is just shuffling of decomposed elements of risk
               | and reward.
        
               | freemint wrote:
               | The first Master of Financial Engineering degree programs
               | were set up in the early 1990s. The earliest financial
               | engineers (under a different name) might have started
               | around in the late 1970s. [Wikipedia - Financial
               | engineering]
               | 
               | Mortgages were invented way earlier. ATMs are an earlier
               | invention. If you use todays categories they would have
               | been invented by automation engineers.
               | 
               | While index funds are a financial product they were
               | invented before financial engineering became a thing.
               | Financial engineers are not needed to run index funds.
               | They are employed to out perform them.
               | 
               | "Financial engineering plays a key role in the customer-
               | driven derivatives business -- delivering bespoke OTC-
               | contracts and "exotics", and implementing various
               | structured products -- which encompasses quantitative
               | modelling, quantitative programming and risk managing
               | financial products in compliance with the regulations and
               | Basel capital/liquidity requirements."
               | 
               | And i am not alone with my distain.
               | 
               | "The financial innovation often associated with financial
               | engineers was mocked by former chairman of the Federal
               | Reserve Paul Volcker in 2009 when he said it was a code
               | word for risky securities, that brought no benefits to
               | society. For most people, he said, the advent of the ATM
               | was more crucial than any asset-backed bond."
               | 
               | As for definition of financial engineering, i takes those
               | from http://www.wirtschaftslexikon24.com/d/financial-
               | engineering-...
               | 
               | The term financial engineering is also used insofar as it
               | is about the use of innovative financing and risk hedging
               | instruments. In this sense, financial securities are
               | first broken down into their basic elements, e.g.
               | interest, repayment, currency, maturity, security,
               | additional rights (>>stripping<<) in order to be able to
               | evaluate them (individually) better. Based on this, new,
               | optimal financial titles are created during
               | >>Replicating<<, in which the modules are optimally
               | combined according to the respective financing case.
               | 
               | The concept of financial engineering can be seen in
               | summary as the design, development and implementation of
               | innovative financial instruments and processes as well as
               | the realization of creative, tailor-made solutions for
               | investors and buyers
        
               | fddhjjj wrote:
               | Super interesting and over my head but to oversimplif:
               | automation and old financial "tools" (mortgages, index
               | funds) good but (excessively?) "innovative financial
               | instruments" is a bridge too far.
               | 
               | Still hard for people not deep in it -- me -- to see
               | clearly that crypto doesn't contain the seeds of a better
               | index fund or a cheaper mortgage.
        
               | JustFinishedBSG wrote:
               | I don't see any value in the ability to program a very
               | very limited Ti-89 for hundreds of dollars per hours (
               | and matching ecological impact )
        
               | dehrmann wrote:
               | I found this to be a very interesting feature, but yes,
               | it's woefully inefficient, competes with efficient tech,
               | and I'm not convinced it'll follow a Moore's Law trend
               | and be a viable 286 replacement in 2035.
        
               | ALittleLight wrote:
               | Are there any useful programs that aren't about creating
               | or moving tokens or "play to earn" style games? (Which,
               | to be clear, I do not consider useful)
        
           | bouncycastle wrote:
           | Ethereum sanctioned, you mean Geth? Geth does not go away in
           | 2.0. You will still need it, as it's still the main software
           | that executes the transactions.
           | 
           | "2.0 validator" is not a node, it's more like a client that
           | talks to the PoS chain nodes (Beacon).
        
             | optimiz3 wrote:
             | Until there's an Ethereum Foundation backed validator, a
             | huge number of people are going to stay away.
             | 
             | The Ethereum Foundation can do things like roll back a
             | broken DAO. A 3rd party offering a potentially broken
             | validator cannot force a fork to fix things.
             | 
             | It's also super weird the foundation is not building the
             | validation code into Geth and making it a baseline part of
             | a reference node as PoW certainly is.
        
         | mumblemumble wrote:
         | > As usual crypto in practice is the opposite of decentralized
         | because people. Will. Not. Run. Their. Servers.
         | 
         | "My theory would be perfect if only I could convince humans to
         | stop acting like humans," is the original sin of bad economics.
         | 
         | I would submit that it is approximately impossible to have a
         | cryptocurrency that is simultaneously popularly successful, and
         | has even a significant minority of its users owning their own
         | wallets. Because only a fraction of a percent of the general
         | public has both the skill and the inclination to do something
         | like that.
        
           | FerociousTimes wrote:
           | "My theory would be perfect if only I could convince humans
           | to stop acting like humans," is the original sin of bad
           | economics.
           | 
           | In other words, the is-ought problem as viewed by David Hume.
        
             | readthenotes1 wrote:
             | Or is it the ought-is, the opposite?
        
               | FerociousTimes wrote:
               | Ah The Tomahto-Tomayto problem
        
               | tclancy wrote:
               | I thought this was about potatoes.
        
               | FerociousTimes wrote:
               | or maybe you're just being hungry
        
               | Izkata wrote:
               | The potato-tomato problem.
        
               | namaria wrote:
               | There is no cryptocurrency. Only potato.
        
           | ethbr0 wrote:
           | > "My [product] would be perfect if only I could convince
           | humans to stop acting like humans," is the original sin of
           | bad [technologists]
           | 
           | fixed that
        
             | SantalBlush wrote:
             | There was recently an article posted to HN [0] about a
             | startup founder doing this very thing, blaming his
             | customers for behaving like humans.
             | 
             | >I was fighting human nature and losing.
             | 
             | >Everyone swears they will eat right and exercise, but most
             | don't. Everyone agrees they need to spend less to be
             | financially secure later, but most won't. Our users were
             | telling us they would use ContractBeast to achieve those
             | long-term benefits, but most weren't.
             | 
             | >When I looked at the contracts the users were creating, I
             | found most of them were ones in which a particular feature
             | provided a clear and immediate benefit. Usually involving
             | contract review and approval.
             | 
             | >Human nature sucks.
             | 
             | [0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11866868
        
               | rat9988 wrote:
               | >here was recently an article posted to HN [0] about a
               | startup founder doing this very thing, blaming his
               | customers for behaving like humans.
               | 
               | He did it the opposit. He blamed his product for going
               | against human nature.This is misquoting him.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | namaria wrote:
               | Selling sugar is one of the biggest businesses out there.
               | Has been for centuries...
        
           | jiveturkey wrote:
           | Is that a failure of implementation though? I ask because you
           | also said "impossible".
           | 
           | Computers themselves were impossibly unfriendly for so long.
           | What if someone created a UX friendly cryptocurrency. Like
           | any computer, deep down it could be insanely complex, but is
           | it a requirement that the UX reflect that complexity?
        
             | achenet wrote:
             | that is kind of what the exchanges do.
             | 
             | The thing is user friendly UX _usually_ creates user
             | friendliness by removing the user 's ability to control the
             | product. For example, macOS vs BSD. The GUI makes it much
             | more user friendly, but at the cost of limiting the user a
             | bit more. Then again, perhaps there are exceptions.
        
               | jiveturkey wrote:
               | > that is kind of what the exchanges do.
               | 
               | Well not really. the parent I replied to specifically
               | qualified it as users holding their own wallets. I agree
               | that is a critical component. Exchanges are a bit of a
               | farce from the perspective of "not your wallet, not your
               | coins".
               | 
               | Like you say, exchanges that abstract this too much, for
               | their benefit not yours, are probably distorting the
               | original intent of a cryptocurrency. macOS doesn't _have
               | to_ hide all the knobs; they could have an advanced
               | interface, which they do for some things. Why can 't
               | there be a wallet hardware/software that does the same?
               | Is there something inherent that prevents this, making it
               | "impossible"? Or is there just no business model around
               | it, that can overcome the gravity of the kind of
               | exchanges we have today.
               | 
               | For example, are wallet addresses inherently
               | unmanageable?
        
         | baby wrote:
         | That's why ultra light clients are important. See Plumo and
         | Mina where you don't need to run a node to interact with the
         | blockchain in a secure way (you get cryptographic proofs of the
         | latest state)
        
         | artemonster wrote:
         | What is moxie?
        
           | theIV wrote:
           | Moxie is a who. Probably referencing this blogpost,
           | https://moxie.org/2022/01/07/web3-first-impressions.html.
        
             | a4isms wrote:
             | Who is Moxie? Moxie Marlingspike.
             | 
             | What is Moxie? A regional beverage that is the origin of
             | the word, now the official soft drink of the state of
             | Maine: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moxie
        
               | lgvld wrote:
               | Thank you for replying to the question. ;-)
        
               | voidfunc wrote:
               | Moxie and a Fluffernutter sandwich. Doesn't get any more
               | New England than that.
        
           | daniel-thompson wrote:
           | Moxie Marlinspike is a widely-respected security hacker and
           | parent's comment is referring to this post of his ->
           | https://moxie.org/2022/01/07/web3-first-impressions.html
        
             | colesantiago wrote:
             | I wonder if he told that he was also part of a
             | cryptocurrency pump-and-dump scam as well? [0]
             | 
             | After learning this I just lost respect for him.
             | 
             | [0] https://amycastor.com/2021/04/07/signal-adopts-
             | mobilecoin-a-...
        
               | px43 wrote:
               | Eh, look at the full timeline. When MobileCoin stuff was
               | happening, when Moxie left Signal, and when he posted the
               | Web3 criticisms.
               | 
               | I've been using Bitcoin since 2009, and
               | RedPhone/TxtSecure (Now called Signal) since 2010, and I
               | still have zero clue how I'm even supposed to obtain
               | MobileCoin. It's really a toy project at this point with
               | no real adoption.
               | 
               | Being able to send money via a secure chat network is a
               | super important utility that is currently under-served in
               | a big way, but MobileCoin itself is basically a
               | whitepaper and a bunch of toy code that has a novel re-
               | implementation (in rust) of Monero as a stableishcoin,
               | which, last I checked makes it completely incompatible
               | with the rest of the blockchain ecosystem.
               | 
               | They are making zero effort to shill, or push MobileCoin
               | in any way, and neither Moxie nor anyone on the team
               | stands to profit greatly from massive MobileCoin
               | adoption.
        
               | colesantiago wrote:
               | It does not matter. We know it is another scam coin, the
               | fact is the crypto wallet is still in the Signal app. If
               | it is a 'toy' project why didn't they remove it already
               | after years of developing it in the first place?
               | 
               | The CEO of MobileCoin already admitted to using
               | MobileCoin to fund Signal [0] and Moxie being the
               | original CTO and paid advisor of the coin as mentioned in
               | the article; also meaning he was a paid shill and part of
               | the scam.
               | 
               | They already made the effort to create, shill, and then
               | dump the tokens as soon as it was listed on the
               | exchanges. The fact that Signal already accepted the
               | tokens in the first place tells us that they were most
               | certainly involved from the beginning and were part of
               | the pump-and-dump scheme of the token.
               | 
               | Since MobileCoin was pre-allocated with them owning over
               | 50% of the supply with that being the only supported
               | token on Signal tells you that both Signal, Moxie and
               | MobileCoin are all complicit in the scam.
               | 
               | [0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26726246
        
           | hestefisk wrote:
           | The person behind Signal.
        
           | ekianjo wrote:
           | It's guy that promised you private chats by asking you to
           | register with a phone number.
        
             | 0daystock wrote:
             | Don't forget they now offer their own cryptocurrency ... to
             | make us more secure and private, I guess.
        
             | Klonoar wrote:
             | This is confusing privacy and anonymity. He 100% delivered
             | on the former; the latter was the trade off.
        
               | ekianjo wrote:
               | there was no need for the trade off in the first place
        
         | brewmarche wrote:
         | > Moxie nailed it
         | 
         | His talk[0]/article[1] typically gets a lot of flack on HN
         | whenever it is posted but it was really eye-opening to me.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nj3YFprqAr8 [1]
         | https://signal.org/blog/the-ecosystem-is-moving/
        
         | menzoic wrote:
         | > As usual crypto in practice is the opposite of decentralized
         | 
         | Binance is a centralized exchange. There are both centralized
         | and decentralized exchanges.
         | 
         | > people. Will. Not. Run. Their. Servers. Moxie nailed it
         | 
         | People don't need to run their own servers. They just need to
         | use a light client which is even light even for mobile and
         | browser extensions https://eth.wiki/concepts/light-client-
         | protocol Light clients existed before Moxie's post
         | 
         | The only problem is adoption of secure practices by popular
         | publishers, like Metamask.
         | 
         | Side note: Opensea isn't decentralized either, its a
         | centralized NFT exchange.
        
           | ricardobayes wrote:
           | Good luck getting people to use even a semi-updated web
           | browser, let alone deal with an extension
        
         | api wrote:
         | "Not wanting to run your own server" is not the primary issue.
         | People might run their own servers if it was as easy as running
         | a Mac or a smart phone.
         | 
         | People hate manual IT and system administration. They will
         | sacrifice money, freedom, privacy, control, even ownership of
         | their own works to avoid having to futz around with that stuff.
         | They hate it that much.
         | 
         | (There are a small number of people this doesn't apply to.
         | These are called enthusiasts. There are also car enthusiasts
         | who like to change their own oil or even rebuild their own
         | engines. We are talking about 99% of the market here though.
         | Enthusiasts are a small niche.)
         | 
         | It's easy to understand why if you count time as money. Lets
         | say you value your time at $60/hour, which is probably on the
         | low side for people here but lets be conservative. Now lets say
         | you have to spend three hours a month messing with your
         | servers. That means it's costing you $180/month or $2,160/year.
         | That doesn't count the additional cognitive load of having to
         | worry about it or the inconvenience of something going down and
         | needing attention at an inopportune time.
         | 
         | If those issues were addressed, you would see more people
         | running their own servers. Unfortunately the "ease of use is
         | for stupid people" meme goes _way_ back in tech culture:
         | 
         | http://catb.org/jargon/html/P/point-and-drool-interface.html
         | 
         | ^^^ This is why FOSS has never crossed the chasm. It's a
         | cultural problem.
         | 
         | Another contributing factor is the love that some developers
         | have for complexity. They see complexity as a sign of
         | intelligence. It's not. Simple systems are far more difficult
         | and require much more intelligence than complex systems.
        
         | mritchie712 wrote:
         | there are products headed in the right direction with simple
         | self-custody:
         | 
         | https://www.coinbase.com/wallet
        
         | colesantiago wrote:
         | It is known for years that centralised exchanges can do this
         | with custodial wallets. Not exactly the discovery of the
         | century.
         | 
         | Cryptocurrencies can be held in offline wallets i.e non-
         | custodial hardware or software wallets, like Metamask, Trust
         | Wallet, Ledger Nano, Tezos etc.
         | 
         | But no, let's rush into the comments section and scream our
         | heads off and create panic that it is 'exchanges === all crypto
         | is scam'.
         | 
         | When it is really a case of what happens when you store your
         | crypto on an exchange rather than a non-custodial wallet.
        
           | JustLurking2022 wrote:
           | The only reason the price went into the stratosphere was the
           | millions of speculators using custodial wallets. So it seems
           | that many (likely most?) users didn't actually care about the
           | "feature" of being able to self-host - what they actually
           | wanted was a higher yielding bank account. Hence the reason
           | so many people don't really believe it has much of a future
           | as a fiat replacement.
        
           | anuraaga wrote:
           | > When it is really a case of what happens when you store you
           | crypto on an exchange rather than a non-custodial wallet.
           | 
           | In this case, what would happen would likely be pay extremely
           | high gas fees or wait very long for the transaction to be
           | picked up, isn't it?
           | 
           | I think what gets people making these comments is there
           | really is no crypto free lunch yet that includes stable UX
           | and fees.
        
           | dgfitz wrote:
        
             | seanw444 wrote:
             | Now _that_ is hyperbole. There are still good actors out
             | there. Monero is doing its job dutifully. Don 't know much
             | about Zcash, but it seems to be doing well.
        
               | JohnHaugeland wrote:
               | > There are still good actors out there. Monero is doing
               | its job dutifully.
               | 
               | I don't crypto, but, isn't monero the coin whose primary
               | intended use case is enabling illegal transactions by
               | rendering them untraceable even to the police?
               | 
               | Are ... we calling that a good actor? Or do I just
               | misunderstand what they're for?
               | 
               | .
               | 
               | > Now that is hyperbole.
               | 
               | No, it's not. Hyperbole doesn't mean "thing I don't agree
               | with" or "thing I believe is wrong."
               | 
               | The person speaking very clearly wasn't exaggerating and
               | very clearly meant themselves to be taken literally.
               | 
               | As I see it, if any crypto wasn't a scam, crypto fans
               | would have long since agreed to give that thing as an
               | example. The fact that the entire "industry" can't come
               | up with a single compelling example, a decade and a half
               | and twenty billion dollars in, is about as clear and
               | obvious a proof as is actually possible.
        
               | dgfitz wrote:
               | > Monero is doing its job dutifully.
               | 
               | What is its job? How often do you think goods and
               | services are paid for with Monero? How often do you think
               | the coin is used purely as a speculative asset?
        
               | pcthrowaway wrote:
               | To be fair, there are probably more goods bought and sold
               | with monero than any other crypto (outside of _maybe_
               | BTC)
               | 
               | Although those goods are predominantly illegal drugs.
        
               | seanw444 wrote:
               | Being what Bitcoin was supposed to be. Minimal
               | transaction fees, maximum privacy, no need for extra
               | layers.
               | 
               | It's certainly used far less often for small-scale,
               | personal transactions. Businesses mostly don't support it
               | yet. I'm hoping that will change. The only company I do
               | business with that supports Monero is Mullvad, and that
               | was only a recent addition. The media is certainly doing
               | a good job of pinning the "Monero = bad guy naughty
               | money" connotation to it. That connotation means it's
               | doing its job though. If organized crime thinks it's
               | secure and private enough, then it's definitely good
               | enough for me.
               | 
               | I honestly can't answer the speculative asset usage part
               | with any empirical evidence, but it seems to be used
               | speculatively no where near as much as Bitcoin and
               | Ethereum. I don't see crypto hype-guys chanting "MO-
               | NER-O!" at all really in comparison to the other two.
        
               | amelius wrote:
               | Perhaps this is how to phrase it better:
               | 
               | When a cryptocurrency is mainly used for speculation
               | rather than payment, it's a scam.
        
               | seanw444 wrote:
               | That I can agree with.
        
             | colesantiago wrote:
             | What does this mean? Stripe Crypto is a scam because they
             | happen to be using cryptocurrencies?
             | 
             | Maybe Stripe should stop their crypto endeavors because
             | they have a crypto offering which means it's a scam.
        
               | tirpen wrote:
               | > Maybe Stripe stop their crypto endeavors
               | 
               | They probably should, yes. It makes them look sketchy and
               | less trustworthy by association.
        
               | dgfitz wrote:
               | I have no idea how you made this mental leap. I don't
               | understand the question.
        
               | colesantiago wrote:
               | Not a mental leap.
               | 
               | If you are saying 'ALL crypto is a scam' this also
               | includes all and any crypto offerings by any company.
               | Stripe, Coinbase, FTX, Binance, Moneygram etc are
               | included. Not to mention the 'DeFi' space as well.
        
               | postalrat wrote:
               | Those companies aren't immune from getting suckered in to
               | a scam.
        
               | colesantiago wrote:
               | They are merely facilitating, participating and offering
               | the services in the crypto scam no?
               | 
               | Stripe went in to Bitcoin, exited Bitcoin, then invested
               | into a shitcoin called 'Stellar' and went back into
               | crypto again supporting crypto exchanges like FTX, NFTs
               | and offering crypto payments with 'Polygon'.
               | 
               | That is hardly getting 'suckered in'. I would argue that
               | they are 100% fully complicit in the crypto scam.
               | 
               | Since we agree that 'crypto is all a scam', it should
               | mean that Stripe, Coinbase and all the other companies
               | that have crypto operations should be called out for
               | their participation in the scam and they should
               | immediately shut down their operations since 'all crypto
               | is a scam' right?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | postalrat wrote:
               | The reality is that all crypto are shitcoins. And when
               | everything is a shitcoin then the term doesn't mean
               | anything.
        
               | dgfitz wrote:
               | Stripe and Moneygram have a business model that can exist
               | outside of crypto. The others you listed enable people to
               | be scammed. I won't go so far as to call them a scam
               | company themselves.
        
               | colesantiago wrote:
               | We both know that Stripe are actually fully involved in
               | the crypto scam.
               | 
               | They have a crypto division that will be used for crypto
               | payments and NFTs. They also invested into a crypto token
               | called 'Stellar' back in 2014 and said nothing since on
               | the matter.
               | 
               | Plus the CEO of Stripe advises Stellar. [0] Moneygram is
               | also working on the scam as well with this Stellar token.
               | 
               | I don't know about you but it seems that both Stripe and
               | Moneygram are complicit in the crypto scam the same way
               | that the crypto exchanges are.
               | 
               | Also you said 'ALL' by the way so this means no
               | exceptions.
               | 
               | [0] https://stellar.org/foundation/team
        
               | dgfitz wrote:
               | You have me thoroughly confused. Are you now agreeing
               | that crypto is a scam or no?
        
               | colesantiago wrote:
               | > Stripe and Moneygram have a business model that can
               | exist outside of crypto...I won't go so far as to call
               | them a scam company themselves.
               | 
               | Contradicts:
               | 
               | > All crypto is a scam.
               | 
               | As you are trying to legitimise both of them of having a
               | 'use-case' for their crypto offerings, holdings, etc
               | which regardless of their business models and what they
               | do as companies, it is still all a scam.
               | 
               | If we agree that both Stripe and Moneygram are fully
               | involved in the scam by having heavy involvement in
               | crypto offerings, holdings, etc, Then yes. They are a
               | scam as well as everything they are offering is as well.
               | No exceptions.
        
               | dgfitz wrote:
               | No it doesn't. You're making a lot of mental leaps that
               | I'm not able to follow. Those companies existed and were
               | profitable BEFORE crypto. They don't NEED crypto. They're
               | NOT CRYPTO COMPANIES.
               | 
               | I'm going to politely bow out of this debate, this isn't
               | a productive use of time.
        
               | colesantiago wrote:
               | It's actually quite simple.
               | 
               | In case you forgotten, you said: _' All crypto is a
               | scam.'_ [0]
               | 
               | That means everything including anyone who is using it,
               | or has holdings or are insiders which includes Stripe,
               | Moneygram, Square (now Block) and especially Signal who
               | are still directly involved in the entire scam. All the
               | ones I've listed either got no backlash or did have some
               | but never removed their crypto products, which certainly
               | still makes them fully involved in the entire crypto scam
               | as they continue to offer it.
               | 
               | Trying to give exceptions to companies like Moneygram and
               | Stripe, Square, etc is legitimising their crypto
               | offerings as a 'use-case' which contradicts what you said
               | with it all being a scam, since we both know what they
               | are offering is nothing but still a scam which they are
               | all involved in.
               | 
               | There is no mental leaps here, No exceptions or any use-
               | cases with that statement. If another commenter got the
               | point straightaway [1], it is not hard to recognise that.
               | 
               | [0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31725260
               | 
               | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31725426
        
           | _aavaa_ wrote:
           | > Cryptocurrencies can be held in offline wallets i.e non-
           | custodial hardware or software wallets, like Metamask, Trust
           | Wallet, Ledger Nano, Tezos etc.
           | 
           | They can, but if you'd like to convert that into fiat (I know
           | a dirty word) you will most likely need an exchange.
        
             | PinguTS wrote:
             | Not only fiat. You need them also to convert it into any
             | other crypto.
        
               | rglullis wrote:
               | Here you go, a whole list of decentralized crypto
               | exchanges: https://www.coingecko.com/en/dex
        
               | PinguTS wrote:
               | You mean a list of distributed exchanges.
               | 
               | Its like a list of all the small shop money exchanges
               | that exists. But it doesn't mean its decentralized. It
               | also means you always need a trusted third party for the
               | exchange.
               | 
               | Wasn't crypto about going rid of those trusted third
               | parties?
        
               | rglullis wrote:
               | No, I mean _actual_ decentralized exchanges. They are
               | applications running on the blockchain. There is no
               | owner, no physical location, no entity controlling
               | access. All you need to do is have a crypto wallet and
               | execute the contracts.
        
               | throwaway2048 wrote:
               | no automatic blockchain contract can provide you with USD
        
               | rglullis wrote:
               | That was not what OP was asking for.
        
               | FabHK wrote:
               | Can you trade BTC/USDC or BTC/ETH on any of them?
        
               | rglullis wrote:
               | Yes. You can trade one of the many ERC-20 tokens that
               | wrap bitcoin (e.g, WBTC, renBTC) and later you can swap
               | these tokens for "real" BTC, also just by executing the
               | smart contracts from the wrappers.
        
               | FabHK wrote:
               | Thanks. Do you have some good link to explain the
               | mechanics, particularly the "unwrapping" of eg. WBTC?
               | That involves a trusted third party, doesn't it?
        
               | rglullis wrote:
               | > That involves a trusted third party, doesn't it?
               | 
               | For most cases, yes. Binance, Gemini and some others
               | provide a version of their token that can run in multiple
               | chains. It's supposed to be 1:1 backed by BTC, but you
               | have to trust them fully.
               | 
               | It's a little bit better for WBTC [0]. WBTC is a
               | consortium of 30+ crypto projects who keep the BTC under
               | their control through a multi-sig wallet, and that can be
               | audited on-chain. In this case, the majority of the
               | signers would have to conspire in order to steal the
               | funds or do anything malicious.
               | 
               | renBTC is even more decentralized. It is part of the ren
               | "network" [1], which provides inter-blockchain
               | applications. I haven't looked yet how it works exactly,
               | but my understanding is custody of BTC happens though a
               | proper dapp. Last year I wanted to get rid of all my BTC,
               | and I did it though ren. It was BTC -> renBTC -> DAI.
               | 
               | [0]: https://wbtc.network
               | 
               | [1]: https://renproject.io
        
               | doodles33 wrote:
               | Atomic swaps exist
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | tatertots1234 wrote:
         | meanwhile anybody who has their own keys is able to transact
         | with it as per usual. "not your keys not your coin." holding
         | keys are not trivial but far simpler than running a server,
         | better analogy might be to do with people not wanting to stake
         | with a validator because it's easier to use a centralized
         | staking service.
        
           | TheHypnotist wrote:
           | I wonder if that's even a majority of bitcoin owners. I use
           | the term owners loosely.
        
             | tatertots1234 wrote:
             | amount of BTC on exchanges is something like < 14% of its
             | total circulating supply.
        
               | TheHypnotist wrote:
               | I read somewhere that a not so insignificant sum is held
               | by accounts that just hold.
        
             | saurik wrote:
             | Does it even matter? What is interesting and actually-
             | important is that it is even possible. Just because most
             | people do something dumb doesn't mean we should throw up
             | our hands in defeat and build systems where it isn't even
             | possible to do something smart.
        
               | TheHypnotist wrote:
               | It matters very much who the owner is of the currency you
               | are saying can be transacted. If a large chunk of bitcoin
               | adopters don't own the currency, can't transact, and
               | can't withdraw into fiat, what do you have exactly? Just
               | a theory that this could work if just everyone played by
               | a very specific set of rules.
        
               | rglover wrote:
               | This is the greatest comment I've read on HN in years.
        
           | DebtDeflation wrote:
           | Transacting with it is one thing, withdrawing into fiat is
           | quite another. Let's not pretend that most people holding BTC
           | are holding it to buy goods and services rather than as a
           | speculative vehicle.
        
             | nytesky wrote:
             | Oh sorry I repeated you!
        
             | tatertots1234 wrote:
             | Sure. many of those speculators will be forced to wait for
             | Binance to resume BTC orders, or use another centralized
             | exchange, or use a bridge to swap BTC to another crypto
             | asset..
             | 
             | Edit: swapping BTC needs a centralized bridge as child
             | commenter notes
        
               | renonce wrote:
               | Unfortunately there is no decentralized exchange for BTC.
               | There is no smart contracts on BTC so you have to somehow
               | bridge it to something like Ethereum before you can swap
               | it. And to bridge it you have to rely on some centralized
               | party, such as WBTC. (I know renBTC but it's unclear who
               | their validators are so I'd just assume it's centralized)
        
               | Blahah wrote:
               | > Unfortunately there is no decentralized exchange for
               | BTC
               | 
               | Localbitcoins, localmonero... Two of many.
        
               | TrapLord_Rhodo wrote:
               | >There is no smart contracts on BTC
               | 
               | Not true, BTC does have smart contracts. They called it
               | op-code and most people don't use it anymore, but me and
               | my friends built a poker game and we play every Thursday.
               | 
               | The original wallet download also had a poker game, but
               | they decided to take it out after a while to ensure btc
               | wasn't labeled as "Gambling"
        
               | throwaaay103948 wrote:
               | Bisq is a P2P Decentralized exchange for Bitcoin:
               | https://bisq.network
        
           | kkielhofner wrote:
           | There is a very real calculation to be done here:
           | 
           | Leave it on an exchange and have access to customer support,
           | etc in the event you get locked out of your account or
           | whatever.
           | 
           | -OR-
           | 
           | Be the next news story of the person who messed up the
           | transfer, forget their seed, etc. The entire blockchain
           | ecosystem is still so incredibly difficult to use with bad
           | UI/UX on top of it that this is the more likely outcome for
           | the vast majority of people.
        
             | DonHopkins wrote:
             | Making you dig through a garbage dump is what I consider
             | bad UI/UX.
             | 
             | Richard & Gilfoyle At Landfill Site Talking ICO Crypto
             | currency Idea To Russ:
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GrEjaZw95kI
        
               | FabHK wrote:
               | "Again, Richard: The math is sound." - brilliant.
        
               | kkielhofner wrote:
               | From memory (didn't watch the clip):
               | 
               | "THUMB DRIVE, that's a thumb"
        
           | nytesky wrote:
           | If all the exchanges lock users out, you can "transact" with
           | BTC But can you convert it into US dollars? Where does one
           | spend BTC these days, buy some furniture off overstock?
        
             | swamp40 wrote:
             | Where does one spend gold these days?
        
               | giaour wrote:
               | Pawn shop? Or maybe at a supervillain's lair, where
               | sellers are known to accept briefcases full of gold.
               | 
               | Usually you need to convert your gold to a legal tender
               | currency in order to be able to spend it. You normally
               | lose money on the conversion at a retail volume, though.
        
             | tatertots1234 wrote:
             | there will always be some method of exchange. one exchange
             | goes down, another will take its place.
        
         | zitterbewegung wrote:
         | For many crypto devs people will use infura instead of running
         | their own node so lots of the devs are centralized to infura.
        
         | lxgr wrote:
         | Alternatively: Many people will not pass an opportunity of a
         | "risk-free" 20% APY. (Not sure if Binance in particular is
         | paying interest on deposits, but many exchanges do, as far as I
         | know.)
         | 
         | Also, how are wallets the same thing as servers? That analogy
         | seems a bit stretched.
        
           | woodpanel wrote:
           | > _Also, how are wallets the same thing as servers? That
           | analogy seems a bit stretched._
           | 
           | It's a stretch but I think we can agree of the underlying
           | statement: People. Aren't. Nerds.
           | 
           | The learning curve to understand the technology of wallets is
           | comparable to that of understanding the technology of running
           | servers.
           | 
           | PS: After writing this out loud I'm tending towards more
           | people understanding how servers work than how wallets work.
        
             | pjc50 wrote:
             | It's the usability of gpg, but with a cost of losing all
             | your money if you make a mistake with the user interface.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | If people spend the time I think you could learn the
             | "details" - but even knowing the difference between running
             | a node and a miner and server and what a wallet is and the
             | keys associated with it, etc, even knowing and _doing_ all
             | that - it 's still a hassle _and_ more expensive! If you
             | "trade" bitcoin inside an exchange and not on-chain, they
             | don't have to pay the chain fees and therefore don't have
             | to charge you to cover them.
             | 
             | It's the same with email - it's actually _relatively_ easy
             | to run an email server even with all the issues; but the
             | spam and deliverability issues are enough that basically
             | nobody except the  "true nerds" bother. I suspect most
             | people on HN _could_ run their own email server on a $5
             | node, but don 't bother.
        
           | bmurphy1976 wrote:
           | Anybody who thinks 20% crypto APY is _risk free_ is asking
           | for trouble.
        
             | zitterbewegung wrote:
             | Anybody who thinks 20% APY is risk free is asking for
             | trouble. S&P gives you an average of 6% a year so getting
             | to 10% is hard and 20 and above is probably a scam or has
             | extreme risk.
        
           | renonce wrote:
           | Of course they are not. What the author means here is that
           | people create wallets without owning servers, so they are in
           | fact delegating chain verification to thrid parties like
           | Etherscan, rather than by themselves. This is effectively
           | centralizing the crypto on a few entities.
        
             | jmoak3 wrote:
             | Exactly, thank you. Generally, wallets need to connect to
             | nodes, and nodes are servers. People do not run their own
             | nodes, they connect to existing ones.
             | 
             | Nobody wants to download the blockchain on a desktop, start
             | up a node, write their keys in a note pad, and configure
             | their phone's wallet app to point to their new locally
             | hosted node.
             | 
             | God help you if you didn't even compile your node and
             | wallet app yourself.
             | 
             | Anything less than that involves _trust_
             | 
             | At least with Fiat if someone running my local Chase Bank
             | branch siphons money out of my account, I can _trust_ that
             | a guy with a shiny badge will walk over with a baton to
             | beat them up.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | And more importantly there's a whole procedure for Chase
               | to make you whole, and if Chase itself fails, FDIC steps
               | up, and if _they_ fail, the Fed steps up, and if _they_
               | fail, the US will nuke someone.
        
           | tmpz22 wrote:
           | Even Bernie Madoff only promised ~13%
        
             | alephxyz wrote:
             | 20% interest paid out in a shitcoin whose nominal value
             | will be down 90% by the end of the year
        
             | whatever1 wrote:
             | Bernie was paying for 20years straight
        
           | l33t2328 wrote:
           | I've only heard of this mythical "risk free 20%" after the
           | crash.
           | 
           | I never heard anyone advertising that rate before.
        
             | rco8786 wrote:
             | Tons of alt coins offering triple digit APYs over the last
             | few years.
        
             | belltaco wrote:
             | Only a few months earlier in HN threads I read some
             | comments saying that 10 to 13% interest rates on crypto are
             | a good reason to invest in crypto.
        
             | lxgr wrote:
             | https://medium.com/dare-to-be-better/anchor-protocol-
             | insane-...
             | 
             | And that's only the first Google result that hasn't been
             | unpublished in the meanwhile...
        
             | faangiq wrote:
             | Must not know any crypto punters. They were all in on this.
        
             | paulgb wrote:
             | Not quite 20%, but I got slapped around on crypto Twitter
             | by a blue check account for suggesting that supposed 15%
             | returns were not risk-free.
             | https://twitter.com/ErikVoorhees/status/1466802265956577283
        
             | yunohn wrote:
             | You're kidding right? Anchor was famous for 20% APY - I
             | know people who got very rich off this Ponzi.
             | 
             | Source: https://www.coindesk.com/markets/2022/03/25/anchor-
             | protocol-...
        
             | The-Bus wrote:
             | I saw a finance TikTok of someone advertising how they were
             | able to afford a $1M+ home by essentially having crypto
             | interest cover payments. This video was taken down a few
             | weeks ago (lol).
        
               | achenet wrote:
               | Were they also offering a simple 3 day training course to
               | teach you how to do it, for only $999?
        
         | gardenhedge wrote:
         | Can you explain your comment a bit more? How does Binances'
         | actions affect Bitcoin users who don't use Binance? And how do
         | you arrive at your comment from this tweet? It doesn't say or
         | imply how many people are using Binance.
         | 
         | Futhermore, people who use Binance might also use a number of
         | other options.
        
           | jmoak3 wrote:
           | Sure thing - once again people were unable to move around
           | their coins due to depending on a tool hosted on someone
           | else's computer.
           | 
           | We've seen this many times, and it's a shame because letting
           | another party manage your wallet or run a node for you
           | defeats what I find attractive about bitcoin - the ability to
           | be a peer in a decentralized peer-to-peer system.
           | 
           | If Binance went under in that time, people would have simply
           | been screwed and lost their coins Mt.Gox-style.
           | 
           | Bitcoin only achieves it's decentralized promise if everyone
           | hosts their own node and connects their wallet to it, and I'm
           | personally not seeing that.
           | 
           | Why don't people run their own nodes and connect their
           | wallets to their nodes exclusively? Because it's a pain, and
           | nobody wants to host their own servers. They'll pick gmail
           | over a mail server 99% of the time, and that is bad for the
           | promise of bitcoin.
           | 
           | I would wager most/all cryptocurrencies have similar
           | problems.
           | 
           | Moxie's web3 blog touched on this, and he nailed it.
        
             | gardenhedge wrote:
             | How do you know many (or too many) people are doing it this
             | way?
        
               | jmoak3 wrote:
               | There are ~16k total reachable bitcoin nodes out there,
               | which means there are plenty of users are trusting 3rd
               | party nodes.
               | 
               | https://bitnodes.io/
               | 
               | Having your own keys and using a wallet application that
               | connects to someone else's node is better than keeping
               | your coins on an exchange, but you're still relying on
               | someone else's node to not screw you.
               | 
               | Compare the meager 16k nodes people trust with the 100
               | million who claim to own bitcoin.
               | 
               | https://www.wsj.com/articles/bitcoins-one-percent-
               | controls-l...
               | 
               | (no paywall:
               | https://archive.ph/73vR1#selection-4213.0-4213.97)
               | 
               | I have no data on this but if history is any indication,
               | I'd wager 90% of user's wallets point to the same 100
               | nodes.
               | 
               | All of crypto looks like PayPal with extra steps.
               | 
               | If I'm incorrect someone please educate me on this.
        
         | olalonde wrote:
         | > You really cannot make this up.
         | 
         | Not only you can make this up but it's literally happened
         | hundreds of times in the history of cryptocurrency. So much
         | that there is even a catchphrase for it: "Not your keys, not
         | your Bitcoin". MtGox being the most infamous example.
         | 
         | > As usual crypto in practice is the opposite of decentralized
         | because people. Will. Not. Run. Their. Servers.
         | 
         | 1) Only a small percentage of the total Bitcoin supply is held
         | on Binance.
         | 
         | 2) Self-custody doesn't require running your own server.
         | 
         | Why is this the top comment? I don't know (but I have my
         | suspicions).
        
           | jmoak3 wrote:
           | > MtGox being the most infamous example.
           | 
           | I was there for it. I mined my first coins in late 2011.
           | 
           | Few people want to run their local node (server), few people
           | want to point their wallet at their own node, and fewer
           | people want to run code they've compiled themselves. If you
           | aren't running your own node you are relying on someone
           | else's.
           | 
           | As a mass adoption decentralized trust-less technology for
           | transacting, bitcoin has failed.
           | 
           | That people are still getting burned by trusting major
           | exchanges is hard to believe, and why you really can't make
           | this up. It's stranger than fiction.
           | 
           | >(but I have my suspicions).
           | 
           | Yes, it is me. Jamie Dimon. Warren Buffett and George Soros
           | are here next to me too. Bill Gates is on the way, and he's
           | bringing chips and guac. We're all out to get those pesky
           | crypto entrepreneurs.
        
             | olalonde wrote:
             | I'd say you have a more black-and-white vision than me.
             | 
             | While it's not perfectly decentralized, e.g. some users do
             | delegate their trust to centralized services for
             | convenience or security, it is still more decentralized
             | than fiat where (digital) self-custody is simply not
             | possible. Decentralization and trust are a spectrum, not a
             | binary. Even compiling the software yourself wouldn't get
             | you 100% there [0].
             | 
             | I also feel that it's a bit early to call Bitcoin a failure
             | but I do agree that it has a long way to go for mass
             | atoption. Bitcoin is not disrupting the taxi or the hotel
             | industry. It is disrupting the most entrenched and powerful
             | "status quo" there is on Earth. We're talking about global
             | banking, global finance, powerful governments, etc. Most
             | people have no conception of what money really is or even
             | that it could be different.
             | 
             | > That people are still getting burned by trusting major
             | exchanges is hard to believe, and why you really can't make
             | this up. It's stranger than fiction.
             | 
             | Surely you knew that Binance existed prior to this tweet?
             | 
             | > Yes, it is me. Jamie Dimon. Warren Buffett and George
             | Soros are here next to me too. Bill Gates is on the way,
             | and he's bringing chips and guac. We're all out to get
             | those pesky crypto entrepreneurs.
             | 
             | My suspicion was simply that many HNers tend to reflexively
             | upvote any comment that paints crypto in a bad light.
             | 
             | [0] https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~rdriley/487/papers/Thompson_198
             | 4_Ref...
        
               | jmoak3 wrote:
               | >I'd say you have a more black-and-white vision than me.
               | 
               | I definitely do. If a part of bitcoin's chain of usage
               | requires enough trust to ask the government to intervene
               | to protect me, why not just trust the government?
               | 
               | >My suspicion was simply that many HNers tend to
               | reflexively upvote any comment that paints crypto in a
               | bad light.
               | 
               | I think that many people agree with me, and that it's not
               | some reflex, fud, or deception.
        
               | olalonde wrote:
               | > I definitely do. If a part of bitcoin's chain of usage
               | requires enough trust to ask the government to intervene
               | to protect me, why not just trust the government?
               | 
               | I am not sure I understand the question, Bitcoin does not
               | require trust or intervention from the government.
               | 
               | Your original comment is objectively incorrect in two
               | different ways. It's not even remotely a surprising
               | event[0] and most importantly, self-custody does not
               | require running a server. Therefore I maintain my
               | suspicion but enjoy your upvotes.
               | 
               | [0] "You can't make this up": used to express great
               | surprise.
               | https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/you-
               | coul...
        
               | jmoak3 wrote:
               | >self-custody does not require running a server.
               | 
               | I disagree and have made my case elsewhere. Anymore and I
               | think we'd be going in circles.
               | 
               | >You can't make this up": used to express great surprise.
               | 
               | I think I used it correctly, but agree to disagree on
               | this as well.
               | 
               | Sorry for confusing your suspicions with something more
               | conspiratorial.
        
               | namaria wrote:
               | >It is disrupting the most entrenched and powerful
               | "status quo" there is on Earth. We're talking about
               | global banking, global finance, powerful governments,
               | etc.
               | 
               | Quite the opposite. It's getting disrupted by rich,
               | powerful people, who are rocking it as hard as they can
               | to disabuse common people of the notion that they have
               | any alternative.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | fortran77 wrote:
           | > Why is this the top comment? I don't know (but I have my
           | suspicions)
           | 
           | It's because many people clicked the up arrow. There's no
           | Vast Conspiracy.
        
             | olalonde wrote:
             | I don't think there is, see my reply here:
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31727483
        
         | ekianjo wrote:
         | > As usual crypto in practice is the opposite of decentralized
         | because people. Will. Not. Run. Their. Servers.
         | 
         | Nope, you just don't own any crypto assets if they are not
         | stored on your own means. That's not hard to understand.
        
           | ricardobayes wrote:
           | How is this any better than the current banking system?
        
           | Mvandenbergh wrote:
           | Conceptually it is very simple to understand.
           | 
           | The point that Moxie was making at the time was that,
           | pragmatically, most users would end up not doing this. Just
           | as most people share their thoughts on Facebook or Twitter
           | and not on their own blogs, and if they do have their own
           | blogs they don't run their own server, and if they do it's a
           | virtual machine on Amazon's hardware.
           | 
           | So something can be theoretically capable of enabling
           | enormous decentralisation but actually not have that effect
           | at all.
        
             | throw_nbvc1234 wrote:
             | People look at decentralization as an ideology rather then
             | a threat model. The security you might implement to protect
             | $100 vs $100k vs $100 million is different. Running your
             | blog on AWS is running your own server in a decentralized
             | sense; but if your threat model includes Amazon shutting
             | you down or something like the US Govt/public compelling
             | Amazon to shut you down then it might not be good enough.
             | Which is why Target, Walmart, Parler (assuming that's still
             | true) don't run on AWS. Any threat model is about
             | mitigation and acceptance of risk. Easiest way to secure a
             | database/system is to isolate it from the internet and let
             | nobody read/write from it; probably wouldn't be a very
             | useful system for most usecases but something you might do
             | for the nuclear weapons arsenal.
             | 
             | Centralization vs Decentralization is a similar concept to
             | closed source vs open source. Just because the code is open
             | source doesn't mean that people are going to download the
             | source code and compile it themselves. The option to fork
             | the codebase is also there. Neither of those options are
             | possible for a closed source project. And to your point,
             | the fact that a project is open source might not "actually
             | have any effect at all". Doesn't mean the concept is
             | inherently bad.
        
               | warkdarrior wrote:
               | > The security you might implement to protect $100 vs
               | $100k vs $100 million is different.
               | 
               | This almost makes sense, except that you have to take
               | into the relative value of that amount, in particular
               | relative to one's total net worth. If I want to protect
               | $100, and that is all the money I have, I'll worry about
               | security a lot. If I have $1,000,000, protecting $100 is
               | not a priority.
               | 
               | The general assumption is that people put all of their
               | money in one place, which is not true for anyone I know
               | -- poor, middle class, or rich. Everyone has cash, bank
               | accounts, various physical valuables, stock, etc.
        
               | throw_nbvc1234 wrote:
               | It could be absolute and/or relative depending on the
               | mechanisms. Relying on FDIC insurance to protect $1
               | million in a bank account is probably not a good idea.
        
           | mmastrac wrote:
           | If you cannot trust a single third party to hold your money,
           | it's no better than cash under the mattress.
           | 
           | We have guard rails in banking for a reason.
        
             | ekianjo wrote:
             | banking is for fiat currencies whose value halves ever
             | dozens of years. you dont have to worry about bank robbers.
             | inflation does the same thing.
        
               | rco8786 wrote:
               | > whose value halves ever dozens of years
               | 
               | This seems demonstrably better than halving over 6
               | months...
        
               | jonnycomputer wrote:
               | Or six hours.
               | 
               | Looking at you not-stable coin.
        
           | rco8786 wrote:
           | If this is true, crypto is dead in the water and always has
           | been. It's not hard to understand that people are simply not
           | going to go through that trouble in order to own something.
        
             | ekianjo wrote:
             | People go thru a lot more trouble to ensure the value of
             | their savings does not go to zero.
        
               | rco8786 wrote:
               | They absolutely do not. They put their savings in an
               | account held by a centralized 3rd party (bank) with the
               | backing of government-guaranteed insurance (FDIC).
               | 
               | Maybe some people store cash or gold in a secret place
               | but that is the exception.
        
         | 0daystock wrote:
         | All monetary systems are built on trust. You can say the same
         | thing about a run on traditional banks, which only have a
         | fraction of reserves to cover deposits and would result in
         | similar price depression.
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | False. Fiat monetary systems are built on a state monopoly on
           | violence. Trust is merely a byproduct. You are required to
           | pay taxes in the local fiat currency, and if you fail to pay
           | then the government will eventually seize your assets by
           | force, or perhaps put you in jail. This is a feature, not a
           | bug, and it generally works fairly well in practice as long
           | as the government is at least minimally competent.
        
             | achenet wrote:
             | This. The original purpose of money is to enable to
             | government to quantify precisely how much of your stuff it
             | will take each tax season.
        
               | namaria wrote:
               | The original purpose of money is seignorage, the
               | difference between face value and actual value of the
               | currency. It doesn't get better then printing hundred
               | dollar bills that get out of circulation - almost pure
               | profit.
               | 
               | Taxing in kind is way better, it's inflation proof.
        
             | Consultant32452 wrote:
             | "generally works fairly well" - I agree with this, but I
             | doubt we would agree at what it does fairly well. In the
             | fiat systems the people with the most coins can issue
             | themselves more coins on a whim, thereby devaluing all the
             | other coins held by the poor. This too is a feature, not a
             | bug, and it works really well for all the people with the
             | most coins. They get to slowly and consistently extract
             | wealth from the poor without having to do any work.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | Poor people don't hold coins (or really any significant
               | assets), by definition. They live paycheck to paycheck.
               | We should find ways to increase economic mobility for
               | poor people, but cryptocurrency isn't going to help.
        
               | Consultant32452 wrote:
               | Do you think constantly applying downward pressure on
               | their wages and whatever minimal savings they might
               | acquire through inflation could have something to do with
               | economic mobility? The Fed Chairman recently complained
               | that workers had too much power in the market (because
               | they were demanding higher wages) and stated openly that
               | he was going to create policy to stop that.
               | 
               | I really encourage you to think about what that means,
               | and if you didn't know he said that, what it means about
               | the places you get your news from. Why would it not be
               | one of the biggest news stories of the year that one of
               | the most powerful men in the world stated he was going to
               | reduce the power of the worker?
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | No I don't think that moderate fiat monetary inflation
               | has any negative impact on the economic mobility of poor
               | people. Rather the opposite. Poor people don't really
               | have enough savings in the first place for inflation to
               | make a difference one way or another. Their "assets" are
               | generally in the form of job skills and social capital,
               | plus possibly a car or family home purchased on credit.
               | None of those things are devalued by money printing.
               | 
               | I don't think you've actually thought this through at all
               | and you don't understand even the basics of how it really
               | works.
        
       | johntony678 wrote:
        
       | santialbo wrote:
       | I'm seeing people removing the laser eyes from their twitter
       | avatars.
        
       | shrubble wrote:
       | The goldbugs' saying that 'if you don't hold it, you don't own
       | it' seems to apply...
        
         | once_inc wrote:
         | Bitcoiners saying that 'if you don't hold it, you don't own it'
         | also applies.
        
         | trompetenaccoun wrote:
         | While I somewhat agree, there's likely some irony in the
         | upvotes since this is a mantra more often said than done. How
         | many here self custody their gold?
         | 
         | The problem is exactly the same as in crypto, where they also
         | say "not your keys, not your coins": You can self custody and
         | it's 100% yours, until someone takes it off you and then it
         | isn't. Trusting third parties is a risk, but so is taking care
         | of your own security. In reality it depends a lot on the
         | situation, you have to weigh the pros and cons of different
         | strategies. As always, it's a lot more important that people
         | are informed, not that everyone follow the same advice. A
         | computer illiterate person who has no idea what a private key
         | is better just leave their coins on a reputable exchange
         | (obviously not Binance). And if I had no place to safely store
         | my gold, I'd not take the risk of self custody with any
         | substantial amounts.
        
           | HideousKojima wrote:
           | >How many here self custody their gold?
           | 
           | I'll have you know I keep all 1 ounces of silver that I own
           | in my physical possession
        
       | Symbiote wrote:
       | > This is due to an earlier batch of transactions getting stuck
       | from low transaction fees submitted and hence, resulting in a
       | backlog of Bitcoin (BTC) network withdrawals. The Binance team is
       | working on a solution to resume Bitcoin (BTC) network withdrawals
       | soon.
       | 
       | https://www.binance.com/en/support/announcement/8437dfd1c7bf...
        
         | Ekaros wrote:
         | So they were too cheap? And now their customers can't
         | rightfully get their "money" out... Truly currency of future...
        
       | lumost wrote:
       | I recently watched some traditional cable and was shocked by the
       | number of crypto ads bombarding viewers. I have to imagine that
       | this market was goosed up by retail investors trading on coinbase
       | and binance just as the e-betting market was. The only difference
       | between crypto and e-betting is that everyone got to be a winner
       | on the crypto markets for a while. As users lose out, and
       | exchanges stop ad campaigns - how long will that last?
       | 
       | Crypto needed a tangible market/reason d'etre to be valuable.
       | This required lower transaction fees, cheap audits, and a
       | reasonable degree of price stability. We haven't seen any of that
       | materialize except for cheap auditing. Cheap auditing isn't much
       | use if there isn't anything of interest to audit.
       | 
       | I'd doubt BTC will go to zero, but I wouldn't be surprised if the
       | entire covid rally gets wiped out and we see BTC 6k again.
        
         | winternett wrote:
         | I was bored and had $100 lying around when BTC was at ~$39k so
         | I dropped it in the machine and have watched the investment go
         | all the way up to $150... Checking my investment today, it's
         | around $50...
         | 
         | It's not that bad for risking tiny amounts of money if you're
         | into losing cash.
         | 
         | If you're into losing vast amounts of money, I highly recommend
         | dumping your life savings into BTC.
         | 
         | So many large companies have their hands in creating the
         | BTC/Crypto cookie jar that it's guaranteed to fail, it's
         | promoted in every setting because it is their drinking money
         | generator. The factor (they didn't account for) that added a
         | ton of volatility was that independent (whale) investors like
         | Elon would jump in and screw up the entire works with tweets
         | and strategic buying and dumps... Meanwhile, it's all the small
         | people who saw the commercials and though it was legit that
         | totally got hosed.
         | 
         | It's literally the rich and corporations robbing the poor, and
         | on top of that in one of the most dire economic points in time
         | ever... It's the pits of humanity I tell you.
        
         | vkou wrote:
         | > Crypto needed a tangible market/reason d'etre to be valuable.
         | 
         | The reason, as we have been reminded so many times, is that
         | it's an inflation-resistant store of value.
         | 
         | Pay no attention to BTC tanking right after _actual_ inflation
         | started.
         | 
         | It's weird how, as an inflation-resistant store of value, it
         | only seems to work when we have asset-inflation, but stops
         | working when we have main-street-grocery-prices-inflation.
         | 
         | Perhaps it's some web 3.0 financial wizardry that I'm just not
         | smart enough to understand, but it seems to me that the only
         | reason it was going up in price was because printed money (USD
         | or USDT) was chasing yield.
        
           | achenet wrote:
           | no, it's to buy drugs on the internet.
        
             | Consultant32452 wrote:
             | Both are very important functions for a currency or store
             | of value.
        
         | mmastrac wrote:
         | I recall walking through an airport this year and seeing Crypto
         | ads everywhere. That was my shoeshine boy moment (1)
         | 
         | (1) https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-spot-stock-market-
         | bub...
        
           | ProjectArcturis wrote:
           | I had a similar moment at the peak in 2017 when my non-
           | financial friends asked me if I owned Bitcoin.
        
           | nicbou wrote:
           | I had a few different moments, since I was always very
           | skeptical of crypto.
           | 
           | However being pitched crypto by an old bartender in Stuttgart
           | was probably the most obvious one.
           | 
           | Generally, crypto was not promoted to me by people who would
           | understand either computer science or economics.
        
             | boc wrote:
             | Not to be flippant, but nobody who I've heard promote
             | crypto has any real, deep training in economics. Computer
             | science yes, totally, but not econ. There are obvious
             | problems with the entire concept of decentralized money if
             | you've studied economic/financial history. We already
             | experienced it back in the 19th Century and it's following
             | pretty much the same pattern. Wildcat banks, frontrunning,
             | wash trading, bank runs, and much more.
             | 
             | Some brilliant computer scientists created crypto and
             | Dunning-Kruger'ed themselves into thinking that they were
             | also experts in finance.
        
           | username_my1 wrote:
           | This article is off by 3.5 years and I bet that most FAANG
           | stocks are still above their values when it was published.
           | 
           | Tech "growth" companies has been overpriced but it made kind
           | of sense as long as interest rates were negative and their
           | revenue was growing... people believed in positive returns
           | because they assumed the only way is up.
           | 
           | Truth is ... in any healthy public market no company has any
           | business being at a higher than 20 p/e ratio. Unless maybe
           | for a transitioning period of time (market making)
        
             | namaria wrote:
             | Boom and bust seem to be the prevailing pattern for the
             | development of complex systems. Happens in ecosystems, and
             | in economies. I don't even think it's detrimental... That
             | was how we get a lot of otherwise unthinkable
             | infrastructure development. The dotcom bubble left a lot of
             | very cheap fiber connections that fueled later internet
             | adoption, for example.
        
           | namaria wrote:
           | About a year ago I was chilling in my bedroom and overheard
           | some crypto-bro shilling just outside my window. That
           | clinched my conviction that it was just a matter of time for
           | it all to collapse.
        
           | piva00 wrote:
           | I visited Brazil recently (3-4 months ago), I got into
           | cryptocurrency-talk or some shitcoin peddled by cashiers,
           | Uber drivers, waiters in some restaurants, acquaintances that
           | aren't tech-savvy at all, etc. That's when it downed on me
           | how big this whole thing got outside of internet chatter, it
           | downed how many vulnerable people are exposed to the fallout
           | of a crypto implosion.
        
             | DonHopkins wrote:
             | It's so ironic how all those libertarian crypto-bros think
             | they've got the inside track and they're so much smarter
             | than everyone else, when actually they're just as gullible
             | and common and deluded as random cashiers, Uber drivers,
             | waiters, bartenders, used car salesmen, chiropractors,
             | cosmeticians, shoeshine boys, and ordinary hoi polloi on
             | the street, all being influenced by the exact same mass
             | market ads and hype all over the world.
        
               | melenaboija wrote:
               | Yup, and seems to be getting worse:
               | 
               | "Families in despair over IM Academy: 'The crypto-sect
               | has kidnapped our children'"[1]
               | 
               | https://english.elpais.com/international/2022-04-18/famil
               | ies...
        
               | FabHK wrote:
               | Well, people that got in early and got out about 6m ago
               | (or now, still) might have made good money. Attributing
               | it to a deep understanding of the technology is almost
               | certainly wrong; attributing it to a certain street-smart
               | understanding of bubbles, marketing, and hype might be
               | correct. Though I'm inclined to just call it luck.
        
             | blep_ wrote:
             | ("dawned")
             | 
             | ... but yeah. It's depressing. Countries with already bad
             | economic conditions (like "we literally don't have
             | functioning currency" level, not the things US residents
             | complain about) seem particularly susceptible to it.
        
               | piva00 wrote:
               | I really thought I had written "dawned"... I think it's
               | the same issue I have when writing "ratio", I always end
               | up writing "ration".
               | 
               | Thanks for the correction.
        
           | illwrks wrote:
           | I love that phrase, 'shoeshine boy moment'.
           | 
           | I've stayed away from crypto, but my shoeshine boy moment was
           | when we went on a road trip around Wales last summer. We
           | happened to wander into a small shop in a small harbour town
           | in Wales, literally about 4-6 streets in total. The guy
           | behind the counter had some 'pay with crypto' machine and was
           | singing the praises of crypto to all of the old ladies, moms
           | and dads that were ahead of us in the queue...
        
             | smaddox wrote:
             | To be fair, he was likely being paid to sing those praises.
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | I saw the Crypto.com Arena as a Pets.com Superbowl moment.
        
         | golergka wrote:
         | > Crypto needed a tangible market/reason d'etre to be valuable.
         | 
         | I have recently paid $40 for a $240 SWIFT transaction that I
         | made on behalf of my father, as his bank (with most Russian
         | banks) have been cut of from the world's financial system.
         | Crypto is fulfilling a real need felt by many people all around
         | the globe; it's just most of those people don't live in first
         | world nations.
        
           | notahacker wrote:
           | tbh, that example kind of underlines the lack of linkage
           | between crypto assets' market value and real world use cases.
           | A significant number of hitherto law-abiding, middle class
           | and computer literate Russians who suddenly wanted to take
           | all their money out of Russia and/or realised they needed a
           | different way to continue to paying for services as their
           | banks were hit with unexpected sanctions is pretty much the
           | ideal real world use case for BTC.
           | 
           | But BTC actually fell in value sharply this year instead (and
           | the spike in ruble/BTC trades was surprisingly small and
           | short lived), because Bitcoin's peak valuation was more or
           | less entirely unlinked to its theoretically increased
           | usefulness for possessors of rubles.
        
           | mmastrac wrote:
           | I'd be careful about admitting to evading financial sanctions
           | in public, myself.
        
             | jhugo wrote:
             | What makes you think their father is a sanctioned person?
             | It's not very likely, given the number of sanctioned
             | persons vs. the number of Russians.
        
             | renonce wrote:
             | What is your nation? How the law is enforced varies greatly
             | from country to country so it depends a lot.
        
           | t_mann wrote:
           | Even those users still need price stability in order for your
           | use case to work. And fiat on/off-ramps (as which Binance
           | functioned for many).
        
           | rasz wrote:
           | >most Russian banks have been cut of from the world's
           | financial system. Crypto is fulfilling a real need felt by
           | many
           | 
           | skirting sanctions for unprovoked war targeting civilian
           | population, got it
        
           | shmatt wrote:
           | That's a decent use case for real stablecoins, not for
           | something that can go up and down 20% within a few hours
        
             | pontus wrote:
             | Why would one expect Bitcoin which is more-or-less trying
             | to disrupt the world order to be stable at this point in
             | its evolution? Maybe in 20 years it'll be stable, but now?
             | Sort of like saying that there was political instability in
             | US following the revolutionary or civil wars and that
             | therefore the US would never be a country that could be
             | depended upon for international trade.
        
             | saurik wrote:
             | The systems that execute the code for and track the values
             | of stablecoins are themselves networks that only work
             | because of consensus systems designed around a
             | cryptocurrency incentive. So if you want to be able to send
             | some large amount of USDC you need some small amount of ETH
             | or MATIC or AVAX or whatever to pay for the usage of the
             | shared ledger, and that's where these cryptocurrencies then
             | get their underlying value.
        
           | scoopertrooper wrote:
           | I think most people would prefer for the sanctions on Russia
           | to be more rigorously enforced
        
             | golergka wrote:
             | I would prefer if Europe actually put in place oil/gas
             | embargo and stop giving Putin's regime billions of dollars
             | to wage war instead of blocking the people who have spent
             | years protesting and are now trying to flee the
             | totalitarian regime, but here we are.
        
           | FabHK wrote:
           | > I have recently paid $40 for a $240 SWIFT transaction
           | 
           | That is way more than it should be, but could easily be
           | solved with traditional methods (banks & fintech) with some
           | competition and sensible regulation (like SEPA transfers in
           | Europe being basically free).
           | 
           | I recently had to pay nearly 100$ for accidentally data
           | roaming a few MB abroad, but the conclusion is not that the
           | internet and 5G is fundamentally flawed and need to be
           | replaced by web3.
           | 
           | > Crypto is fulfilling a real need felt by many people all
           | around the globe
           | 
           | Yes, the need to circumvent regulations regarding money
           | transfers.
        
           | ohgodplsno wrote:
           | So, what you're saying is that sanctions are in place and
           | you're unhappy about them ? sounds exactly like what
           | sanctions are for, and all crypto is good for is evading
           | sanctions that a massive part of the world has agreed in.
        
             | can16358p wrote:
             | Many sanctions harm completely innocent people.
        
               | mmastrac wrote:
               | I think that there are missiles on the other side that
               | are hurting people in more physical, fatal ways.
        
               | can16358p wrote:
               | Of course. But fighting against the war shouldn't involve
               | creating more harm.
        
               | mmastrac wrote:
               | That's a noble, yet completely impossible sentiment.
        
               | ohgodplsno wrote:
               | That is the point yes. We have collectively decided that
               | assassinating heads of state was pretty bad, and moved on
               | to applying sanctions, so that if they hit hard enough
               | back, said innocent people do need to get rid of the
               | leader or the system that got them in such a situation.
        
         | fartcannon wrote:
         | Bitcoins reason d'etre is to permit an exchange of value
         | without involving the banks/classic financial infrastructure.
         | It could go down to fractions of a penny and still be able to
         | do that.
        
           | FabHK wrote:
           | Indeed, providing something money-like without central
           | authority (thus circumventing regulation, so far) is the only
           | innovation of BTC.
        
           | planb wrote:
           | No, because energy is not free.
        
             | DebtDeflation wrote:
             | Energy expended to mine BTC in the past is a sunk cost and
             | so is irrelevant to the discussion. In the future, if the
             | price of energy required to mine a BTC is below the value
             | of the BTC there will be an incentive to mine BTC. There is
             | no equivalent incentive in the opposite direction. You can
             | convert energy to BTC, you can't convert BTC to energy.
        
               | namaria wrote:
               | What happens if the value collapses bellow the point
               | where it's profitable to mine it then? Wouldn't this only
               | reinforce the collapse as miners flee the system? Then
               | once it goes below a threshold where it would be trivial
               | to attack it and take it over it's a free for all for the
               | remaining market value and that would be the coup de
               | grace...
        
             | Kinrany wrote:
             | So what? The value of making a transaction just needs to be
             | high enough.
        
             | achenet wrote:
             | even if there is an energy cost, for some markets (illegal
             | substances/darknet), it's "cheaper" to pay that energy cost
             | than the cost of laundering fiat money.
        
           | danuker wrote:
           | I use it as an alternative store of value. That has gone
           | badly for me in the past month. But its supply economics make
           | me still want it.
        
         | kingTug wrote:
         | I predict Matt Damon's career will suffer greatly in the next
         | couple years. Being the face of that crypto.com ad that played
         | 5(?) times during the super bowl and regularly thereafter in
         | prime time slots. I think many Baby Boomers invested last
         | winter based on these ads and will forever associate Matt Damon
         | with a scam that cost them dearly.
        
         | twawaaay wrote:
         | > The only difference between crypto and e-betting is that
         | everyone got to be a winner on the crypto markets for a while.
         | 
         | Is also description of a bubble or a pyramid.
        
         | paganel wrote:
         | It was the same thing for football (or soccer, as you call it
         | in the US) over here in Europe, at some time late last year I
         | started to notice that a lot of European clubs were advertising
         | for this crypto thing, much of it related to Binance. It so
         | happens that most of the tokens "released" by those clubs (yes,
         | they also did that) are 90% or more bellow their peak value,
         | there were a few threads about it on /r/soccer recently.
        
         | 1270018080 wrote:
         | As long as people want to buy illegal things online, I don't
         | think bitcoin will go to zero. That has, and always will be,
         | it's only rational use case.
        
           | easrng wrote:
           | Please please please don't use Bitcoin for crime. The tx logs
           | are public so you're much more likely to get caught. Use
           | Monero, or if you're cashing out a defi hack or scam or
           | whatever then use Tornado Cash. Hope this helps.
        
           | can16358p wrote:
           | Wow. I just learned that all the toyally legit things I've
           | done with Bitcoin are all illegal.
        
             | 1270018080 wrote:
             | By rational, I mean the only time it is better than other
             | methods. Buying legal things with bitcoin is slower, more
             | expensive, dramatically more environmentally harmful, and
             | dangerous to the consumer (no regulation). Truly no upside
             | in real life applications unless you're trying to do
             | illegal things.
        
               | can16358p wrote:
               | You must be living in a perfect society with zero
               | government/political corruption.
               | 
               | Good for you.
        
               | yunohn wrote:
               | What "totally legit" things have you been doing with
               | crypto? Curious to know more.
        
               | can16358p wrote:
               | Donations? Purchasing stuff?
               | 
               | (And before you ask, NO, there were no other possible
               | ways for me to do those donations to people in war or
               | purchase those stuff where crypto and PayPal were the
               | only way to pay and PayPal is blocked in my corrupted
               | country)
        
             | the_gastropod wrote:
             | You _can_ use a helicopter to commute to work. It 's just
             | not a very rational thing for most people to do.
        
               | can16358p wrote:
               | Your response has nothing to do with what I've responded
               | to in the parent comment.
        
         | ericmay wrote:
         | > I'd doubt BTC will go to zero, but I wouldn't be surprised if
         | the entire covid rally gets wiped out and we see BTC 6k again.
         | 
         | I agree. We invest a small amount of money into $BTC and I feel
         | pretty neutral on the topic and my comments come from an
         | intention of neutral observation.
         | 
         | I think $BTC is in a bad spot that's about to get worse in the
         | short-term. It's getting hit from both ends: expensive energy,
         | and high interest rates. Many believe it's supposed to be a
         | hedge, and I think it still is, but it's not a hedge against a
         | high interest rate environment in which the dollar and fiat
         | currency (primary reserve currencies: USD, EUR, YEN, GPB, etc.)
         | are still normalized and valued. It's more of a hedge against
         | low interest rates and the central banks printing money in that
         | environment IMO.
         | 
         | Long-term I'm bullish because it's a deflationary asset.
         | Eventually we'll get to the point where, similar to maybe Japan
         | or South Korea a pack of gum costs 1000 units of fiat, which
         | will necessitate $BTC being "worth" hundreds of thousands of
         | dollars (or it's worthless, I don't think there is a middle
         | ground here). Unless something crazy happens, deflationary
         | environments in fiat currency will always be avoided, and if
         | you target 2% inflation every year it's all but guaranteed that
         | $BTC will simply be "worth" a lot of dollars (or $0).
         | 
         | So I wouldn't be surprised to see $BTC hit $6,000 or even less.
         | I _would_ be surprised if within, say, 15 years it 's worth
         | that amount and not $0 or $1,000,000 (or something).
        
           | yunohn wrote:
           | > It's more of a hedge against low interest rates and the
           | central banks printing money in that environment IMO.
           | 
           | Could you explain how /exactly/ it functions as a hedge? I
           | don't care about price, just the mechanics/logic.
        
             | ericmay wrote:
             | From what I gather, and certainly someone may come in with
             | a much better explanation or refutation is that Bitcoin is
             | in a sense a finite resource (let's just look at the
             | mechanics right now) and if appetite for Bitcoins increases
             | you can't make more of them.
             | 
             | If a central bank is inflating a currency, it means each
             | year that more of that currency exists than it did
             | previously, so people can effectively bid for resources
             | with more currency which increases the relative price. A
             | pack of gum used to cost $.05. Now it's like $2.99 (or
             | whatever). This is primarily due to inflation as far as I
             | can tell.
             | 
             | Likewise the same is true for Bitcoin, except that it has
             | an additional feature in that it's transmutable into a pack
             | of gum, or a share of JPMorgan stock, or a house, or a car,
             | or some service. It's also transferrable - you can move it
             | (again let's ignore how well it works right now) from place
             | to place without having to actually ship it anywhere.
             | 
             | So because Bitcoin is transmutable like a Euro or Dollar it
             | can do similar things, except the difference is that more
             | Euros and Dollars are effectively "mined" and created,
             | whereas there's a limit to how many Bitcoins can ever
             | exist. So as more and more Euros and Dollars are created,
             | you can spend more of those to buy the same Bitcoin.
             | 
             | Granted, this is very much at face value and some of the
             | mechanics aren't quite there - it's actually very expensive
             | right now to move Bitcoin around and it appears to make for
             | a pretty bad currency, but I think this should at least
             | touch on the mechanics or logic.
             | 
             | tl;dr it's like gold.
        
               | namaria wrote:
               | Prices don't rise 'due to inflation'. Inflation is just
               | another name for price rise. This 'transmutability' you
               | speak of is called currency. Bitcoin has some but very
               | little compared to cash. Also the so-called
               | 'deflacionary' nature of bitcoin, supposedly caused by
               | the supply cap assumes a constant or growing demand for
               | it, which is far from assured. Bitcoin only needs to
               | collapse once to become worthless forever, there will be
               | no cold re-start. Whereas precious metals don't need one.
               | That, IMHO, is the crucial difference that advocates seem
               | to forget.
        
               | ericmay wrote:
               | Prices rise for more than one reason. For example marble
               | is more expensive because it's more difficult to find and
               | mine than it was in the past (just a contrived example).
               | But prices also rise due to increases in money supply.
               | 
               | I agree that Bitcoin is a poor currency compared to fiat
               | currency, but conversely a dollar is a very poor store of
               | wealth while Bitcoin is looking like it may be a good
               | store of wealth. The confusion comes when you (not you
               | specifically) don't recognize that you can assess the
               | utility and value of these "things" across various
               | traits. Gold is a decent store of wealth, but a very bad
               | currency. Stocks are great at producing and storing value
               | and are highly liquid but awful currencies.
               | 
               | I'm not a Bitcoin advocate. I'm a neutral investor. You
               | are correct in my view that if Bitcoin collapses it may
               | become worthless forever. We have examples of this
               | happening with fiat currency as well, though, so it's not
               | a unique trait of Bitcoin.
               | 
               | Diversification and asset accumulation are what I focus
               | on. Bitcoin could turn out to be totally worthless. So
               | could Amazon stock. So could GBP.
        
               | namaria wrote:
               | I agree with most of what you said, except that Bitcoin
               | looks like a good store of wealth. It has a very short
               | track record, and has shown huge volatility. How does
               | that indicate a good store of wealth?
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | jtbayly wrote:
           | It sounds to me like you've said that BTC will both go up and
           | not go up in an inflationary environment.
           | 
           | I've been wondering why a hedge wouldn't be for this exact
           | environment, so can you explain your thinking a bit more?
        
           | lovingCranberry wrote:
           | > which will necessitate $BTC being "worth" hundreds of
           | thousands of dollars
           | 
           | You'd need a two trillion dollar market cap in bitcoin to
           | make each unit worth more than 100k USD.
           | 
           | (Currently there are 19m out of 21m coins minted; two
           | trillion / 19million = ~105k)
        
           | FabHK wrote:
           | > if you target 2% inflation every year it's all but
           | guaranteed that $BTC will simply be "worth" a lot of dollars
           | (or $0).
           | 
           | FWIW, the BTC money supply increases at 1.7% p.a. right now
           | (until the next halving).
        
           | candiddevmike wrote:
           | What does Bitcoin provide that a cheaper coin doesn't? The
           | only thing pushing the price up is speculation, all digital
           | coins are worth pennies as they're all completely
           | interchangeable from an end user perspective.
        
             | RestlessMind wrote:
             | > What does Bitcoin provide that a cheaper coin doesn't?
             | 
             | Longer track record than the rest. More buy-in from people.
             | Just like Gold vs other shiny metals.
        
               | lumost wrote:
               | The network effect is strong, if BTC actually was to take
               | over for USD then people would have to have _trust_ that
               | BTC wouldn 't evaporate the next day. BTC's incentive
               | model and network effect provide that.
               | 
               | Assuming of course that BTC could outplace USD.
        
               | RestlessMind wrote:
               | I see BTC in the same class as Gold (hard assets without
               | any intrinsic value and valued only because everyone else
               | values it). USD is a different asset type - Fiat
               | currencies which are essentially debts owed by various
               | governments to the holders of those currencies.
               | 
               | So BTC won't be replacing USD, imo.
        
             | FabHK wrote:
             | > What does Bitcoin provide that a cheaper coin doesn't?
             | 
             | Good question, since it is trivial to clone Bitcoin.
             | 
             | Only answer I can come up with (except for psychological
             | factors): hash power.
        
           | mumblemumble wrote:
           | Long term I'm bearish because it's a deflationary asset.
           | Deflationary value stores have a tendency to cause all sorts
           | of social ills by encouraging hoarding. There's a reasonable
           | line of thought that observes that it's no coincidence that
           | the end of the age of European colonialism coincided with the
           | demise of the gold standard.
           | 
           | More concretely: if crypto is deflationary, then its value
           | works similarly to how an Amway or Herbalife membership's
           | value does. You get rich by getting in first and then
           | convincing others to join after you.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | More importantly it's only "bitcoin" because it's the
             | first; even if everything crypto takes off the world could
             | collectively decide to use something else (Etherium being
             | an obvious choice, but there could be others).
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | In my opinion mixing the functions of medium of exchange
             | and store of value has caused untold amounts of needless
             | suffering. You see 2% inflation is the middle ground. Rich
             | people may want to save and increase their wealth but my
             | mom just wants a job to pay rent and buy groceries, she has
             | no grand ambitions to become super wealthy. When you mix
             | the two functions into cash, one of the two is going to
             | dominate the economy and with gold it was the rich, with
             | fiat it is mostly average people because having a job is
             | more important than maintaining purchasing power.
        
               | ericmay wrote:
               | Maybe the issue is just that we no longer have a store of
               | wealth that isn't tied to a speculative asset? Fiat
               | currency is a _fantastic_ currency - even terrorists who
               | hate America use dollars. But it 's a terrible store of
               | wealth because it loses at least 2% of its value by
               | intention (this fluctuates - just going off the stated
               | Federal Reserve targets).
               | 
               | I think this is where things like houses becoming
               | collateralized assets start coming into the picture. You
               | can buy stocks or index funds, but those can lose value
               | and they're definitely not guaranteed to increase in
               | value. Houses are a pretty "hard" asset in physical
               | reality and with inflation basically they go up in value
               | while also providing utility. And to buy a house you need
               | fiat currency so they're somewhat liquid in that sense.
               | So what do you do? Buy gold? Maybe. Bitcoin is another
               | option similar in some ways to gold (in function at
               | least). Other cryptocurrencies are assets in my view more
               | similar to a stock with products or platforms behind
               | them. I'm just not sure what to do. If you make cash
               | inflation neutral or deflationary that _sounds_ ideal,
               | but how do you do that? And would people be likely to
               | take risk in such an environment? Do we need to? Is it
               | bad that we are encouraging the use of fiat currency by
               | threatening to devalue it over time? I 'm not sure.
        
               | saalweachter wrote:
               | > Maybe the issue is just that we no longer have a store
               | of wealth that isn't tied to a speculative asset?
               | 
               | You say speculative, I say productive.
               | 
               | Is a non-productive store of value actually a thing which
               | exists in nature?
               | 
               | For most things, you can't store a thing itself: grain
               | rots, chickens die, houses decay, iron rusts, water is
               | fouled.
               | 
               | If you want to have a thing in the future, you need a way
               | to produce the thing: fields of grains, lineages of
               | chickens, maintenance and construction of houses,
               | refinement of iron, the purification of water.
               | 
               | All investment in these future means of production is
               | speculative; you have no guarantee the bet you made on
               | how you will obtain a chicken in 20 years will play out.
        
               | ericmay wrote:
               | > You say speculative, I say productive.
               | 
               | Oh I totally agree! Stocks in companies are absolutely
               | productive assets. Though they _are_ still speculative. I
               | guess the first thought that comes to mind is well, so
               | what? Does it make sense for individuals to plow money
               | into the stock market even at all-time highs? Should you
               | basically have to perform an investor level due diligence
               | for buying these productive assets? Sometimes I think we
               | are duped by the liquidity in ways we wouldn 't be if we
               | were deciding whether or not to buy a farm or a movie
               | theater.
               | 
               | > Is a non-productive store of value actually a thing
               | which exists in nature?
               | 
               | Gold is probably the closest we've ever gotten. Besides
               | that I'm not sure. But then that begs the question I was
               | responding to regarding savings for "regular people". Is
               | it impossible to save money without buying into the stock
               | market? Idk.
        
               | saalweachter wrote:
               | Gold famously doesn't decay, but why should I expect
               | prices to remain constant in terms of gold? If I sell you
               | a chicken today for 80 milligrams of gold, why would you
               | be obligated to sell me an equivalent chicken for 80
               | milligrams of gold in twenty years?
               | 
               | Gold isn't a perfect store or value, it's just a perfect
               | store of gold.
        
               | nly wrote:
               | People say gold is a good store or value because it has
               | relatively inelastic (hard to ramp up) supply and
               | relatively modest and stable demand (jewelry, industrial
               | uses etc).
               | 
               | The cost of chicken has actually plummeted over the last
               | century, even adjusting for inflation, because we can
               | battery farm them now and they produce way more meat than
               | they used to due to selective breeding etc.
        
               | ericmay wrote:
               | Yea - I was just saying it's probably the closest we have
               | ever gotten. The chicken example is interesting b/c what
               | would you actually _compare_ gold to? Say chickens were
               | commonplace today and could be had for 80 milligrams of
               | gold but then some disease wiped them out and only 10,000
               | could be grown and sold each year. Obviously they 'd be
               | worth more than 80 milligrams of gold - but as prices for
               | other things perhaps come down and become more plentiful
               | (or new products/services emerge) 80 milligrams of gold
               | may buy something completely different at a great price.
               | 
               | I mostly agree with you here. Keep in mind I was
               | preliminary responding to someone else w.r.t stores of
               | wealth. It may even be the case that storing wealth is
               | nonsensical as a matter of physics (either natural
               | physics or economic physics). Perhaps what we refer to as
               | wealth storage is really just scarcity of a physical
               | item, whether that be a house, a collector's edition
               | widget, a car or piece of art, or in your example, a
               | chicken. Maybe the goal in what we would call wealth
               | preservation is to find assets that either do not decay
               | over time, or that decay very, very slowly over time? One
               | thing that comes to mind then is how fiat currency plays
               | into this decay? What would it represent?
        
               | saalweachter wrote:
               | So the question is basically "How fast does credit
               | decay?"
               | 
               | Let's switch from goods to services and favors. Let's
               | suppose you're in a real bind one day, and need some help
               | -- painting your house, moving cross-country, who knows
               | -- and I step up and help you as a favor, and spend a
               | solid week of my time.
               | 
               | How long do I have to redeem that favor and get a week's
               | worth of time out of you? How does the intervening time
               | affect the answer? If I disappear for twenty years and
               | show up on your doorstep expecting the favor to be repaid
               | in full, is that a reasonable expectation? What if we are
               | close friends for those twenty years, trading favors back
               | and forth?
               | 
               | There aren't necessarily right or wrong answers to those
               | questions, but that's basically the question inflation
               | answers -- it's the price for not participating. You do a
               | job, you get your currency, and then you can roll your
               | currency into participating in the shared risk for
               | maintaining our systems of production, or you can stand
               | back, and see the credit for your past contributions
               | decay over time. Sometimes it decays slowly, when
               | everything is going fine. Sometimes it decays quickly; if
               | things begin going badly and you're not invested in the
               | outcomes improving, your credit for your past
               | contributions declines faster.
        
               | jokethrowaway wrote:
               | You can very well sell these goods and buy new ones
               | maintaining a fixed amount and using it to back your
               | currency.
               | 
               | This would be my favourite currency.
        
               | FabHK wrote:
               | > it loses at least 2% of its value by intention
               | 
               | How do you get "at least"? The target used to be "below,
               | but close to 2%", but has been increased to around 2%
               | (symmetrically). It has been less than 2.5% over the last
               | 20 years (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CPIAUCSL)
               | including the recent spike, and has been 2.02% from Jan
               | 2001 to Jan 2021, which I'd call precisely on target.
               | 
               | Needless to say, if you parked your extra money in the
               | stock or housing markets, you handily beat inflation. And
               | if you don't have money to invest in the markets, then
               | you don't care about inflation anyway (but rather real
               | wage growth).
        
               | jokethrowaway wrote:
               | The indexes used to measure inflation are picked to stay
               | under 2%.
               | 
               | I kept track of my groceries and rent for 10 years up to
               | last year and my perceived inflation was way higher than
               | 2% (even allowing some margin of error). This year is
               | being completely insane but it's hard for me to compare
               | as I moved.
               | 
               | Wages don't grow with inflation (the sad 1% yearly raise)
               | unless you job hop.
               | 
               | Stocks don't give you always the best window to withdraw
               | your annualised 7-8% profit. If you'll need to buy a
               | house or if you'll go to pension you may end up
               | withdrawing at bad times.
               | 
               | Houses have been mostly going up. Good to beat inflation,
               | terrible for youngsters who need a place to live without
               | paying someone else's mortgage.
        
             | Geee wrote:
             | That's a common fallacy. Hoarding, saving, preparing for
             | the future is one of most fundamental human needs and the
             | bedrock for a functioning economy and society. There's no
             | fundamental economic principle which would indicate that an
             | inflationary money would do any good to a society. It
             | destroys savings, which is opposite of what is good for an
             | individual and a society.
             | 
             | Also, because you mentioned colonialism, read this to
             | understand how colonialism and slave trade was enabled by
             | inflation (counterfeit money):
             | https://breedlove22.medium.com/masters-and-slaves-of-
             | money-2...
        
               | lolc wrote:
               | Money isn't wealth. What you can get for it is. Hoarding
               | casino chips does not prepare you for the future. It just
               | makes the people running the casino richer with goods you
               | traded for the chips.
               | 
               | Oh you say, I can trade the chips with other people. Also
               | the chips are numbered and we have an agreement to never
               | accept a casino chip numbered over 1 trillion. Then we
               | pay the casino one chip every time we trade. So the
               | casino always has some chips to trade.
               | 
               | The casino always wins. You're even paying their
               | horrendous electricity bill.
        
               | Geee wrote:
               | Money allows optionality - instead of hoarding food and
               | fuel, you can hoard money and buy the things you need in
               | the future. If you know for sure that you need food and
               | fuel, and hoard them in advance, they will rot and
               | evaporate by the time you need them.
               | 
               | Inflationary money is like rotting food, instead of
               | canned food. It makes no sense at all to store your
               | wealth in rotting and evaporating things.
        
             | ericmay wrote:
             | > Long term I'm bearish because it's a deflationary asset.
             | Deflationary value stores have a tendency to cause all
             | sorts of social ills by encouraging hoarding. There's a
             | reasonable line of thought that observes that it's no
             | coincidence that the end of the age of European colonialism
             | coincided with the demise of the gold standard.
             | 
             | It's definitely an interesting theory - any particular
             | articles or books you've read on the subject? I find the
             | story of money fascinating.
             | 
             | On the other hand, however, States are no longer
             | constrained by how much gold they have. In the past you
             | could wage war until you ran out of gold and then that was
             | that - you couldn't print money out of thin air. Now you
             | can just print money and at least up until some point
             | (which we don't know yet) it works. I guess you could argue
             | back to your first point that this is what caused wars -
             | you needed to accumulate resources in order to have wealth
             | so you'd start wars and take stuff.
             | 
             | I think deflationary economies have bad attributes - like
             | why take risks when you can do nothing and the value of
             | your assets goes up? On the other hand, (and someone else
             | mentioned something related to this) inflation literally
             | destroys wealth so how can someone working a non-high
             | paying job store wealth when the value of that wealth is
             | destroyed at a minimum of 2% per year?
        
         | throw8383833jj wrote:
         | Crypto is having it's DOT COM moment right now. A lot of
         | companies with not much value crashed and never recovered.
         | After the dot.com bust, the internet didn't go away, it only
         | grew and grew. And, I don't have to tell you what happened to
         | amazon, if you had invested during the dot.com bust.
        
         | time_to_smile wrote:
         | > I'd doubt BTC will go to zero
         | 
         | I think there's some serious liquidity issues coming up ahead.
         | You need a buyer at the other end to sell, and I think there's
         | an unknown point where there are effectively no buyers.
         | 
         | Right now there are still plenty of crypto-bugs out there that
         | will provide some liquidity because they think things will
         | eventually turn around, but even these people only have so much
         | cash. There's a moment where all of these unsophisticated
         | investors (people that bought crypto based on the ads you're
         | describing) will panic and want to cash out (or need to for
         | personal financial reasons).
         | 
         | We may already be seeing the crypto equivalent of a bank run.
         | 
         | So much of crypto's "value" is based on the assumption of the
         | future success. A big enough of a collapse in the belief in
         | this future and it will be "trading" back at the levels when
         | BTC was just a hobby project for techies (because that's what
         | it will become again).
        
           | spookthesunset wrote:
           | The problem is, when does bitcoin actually crash? I agree it
           | is a scam and should crash in a sane rational world. But I've
           | heard these exact arguments like 5 years ago. It's the scam
           | that just keeps going!
           | 
           | Eventually it has to end, right? What is the thing that makes
           | it end? Or will it just fizzle out with no real implosion?
           | Maybe after 10 years to most people it would be just a
           | distant memory?
        
             | vkou wrote:
             | > The problem is, when does bitcoin actually crash?
             | 
             | It's impossible to predict.
             | 
             | > What is the thing that makes it end?
             | 
             | Regulation, sentiment, Tether falling apart, a serious
             | recession... Anything, and nothing could be the last straw.
             | 
             | Precisely speaking, it'll end when people, on the net, will
             | stop see buying it as a way to make money. When that will
             | happen is anyone's guess.
        
             | time_to_smile wrote:
             | > What is the thing that makes it end?
             | 
             | This is much easier to answer, at least in general, than
             | many of the other "bubble" questions out there.
             | 
             | The growth simply requires a larger and larger pool of new
             | investors. It first started with tech enthusiasts who were
             | really interested in the principles of cryptocurrency and
             | people who also knew how they worked. The was a time when
             | everyone in crypto had read the original Bitcoin
             | whitepaper.
             | 
             | Then it spreads to less savvy technical investors, people
             | working at tech companies but not really able to understand
             | it. This was the first bubble a few years back. The crypto
             | boom could have ended here, relatively harmlessly.
             | 
             | But then a ton of money started flowing into the market and
             | into individuals pockets as well. Suddenly the pool of
             | potential "investors" opened up and crypto also appeared to
             | be much more liquid than before with the rapid rise of
             | crypto exchanges. This is when you start seeing TV ads for
             | crypto and hear of people on reddit, with no technical
             | knowledge or skills, pouring all their surplus income into
             | crypto.
             | 
             | It ends when there aren't enough new "investors" to keep
             | the illusion up, and it crashes as people start to need to
             | liquidate that investment. During the artificial pandemic
             | boom there was money flowing everywhere, people could throw
             | tons of money into crypto and still eat and pay their
             | mortgage. Very soon people are going to need to get that
             | money out, or desperately want to, and then liquidity will
             | be a problem because there aren't any people left to feed
             | into the scheme.
             | 
             | The faster the price drops coupled with people needing that
             | money, the more likely a panic is to happen which will
             | cause a sudden crash.
        
               | spookthesunset wrote:
               | I've heard this exact argument 5 or 10 years ago. Yet
               | here we are.
               | 
               | Like I said, I totally think cryptocoins are all scams.
               | I'm just amazed that the bottom hasn't fallen out yet.
        
               | time_to_smile wrote:
               | > I've heard this exact argument 5 or 10 years ago. Yet
               | here we are.
               | 
               | We've had an unprecedented boom period and non-stop money
               | flooding the market for the last 5-10 years so there's no
               | way possible the argument could have come to it's logical
               | fulfillment in that period of time.
               | 
               | As long as money is flowing insanely anything is
               | possible, there is no reality. Look at how many startups
               | there are with non-sensical products, insane hiring
               | practices and out of control leadership. When the money
               | just pours in the top of the funnel all kinds of wacky
               | stuff happens.
               | 
               | We're starting to reality come back, and I think it may
               | bite us this time.
        
       | seanw444 wrote:
       | In response to the usual comments about how "we need legislation
       | on crypto, and we need it now!", can we just have _one_ thing
       | that isn 't legislated to shit? Please? Yes, there are scams. If
       | you fail to even do the bare minimum research, that's your fault.
       | If you suck at detecting sketchy investments (or use crypto as an
       | investment in general, rather than its intended purpose), that's
       | your fault.
        
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