[HN Gopher] Digital Video File Formats (1994)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Digital Video File Formats (1994)
        
       Author : Lammy
       Score  : 26 points
       Date   : 2022-06-11 22:59 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (archive.retro.co.za)
 (TXT) w3m dump (archive.retro.co.za)
        
       | don-code wrote:
       | > Imagine if mass-storage devices were cheap enough that you
       | could afford 307 gigabytes for a single movie. Your hardware
       | would still have to support a sustained data rate of 1 Mbyte per
       | second to play it back.
       | 
       | I recently bought a $20 flash drive to store the entire contents
       | of a my friend's late-2000s PC with a 250GB hard drive on. Didn't
       | think much of it.
       | 
       | (Yes, I know the article is from 1994.)
        
         | Sharlin wrote:
         | If mass storage densities had kept on doubling every 13 months
         | or so, 307 gigabytes per movie file would probably not seem
         | extraordinary today - we would have several-PB storage media by
         | now. But as it stands, even a state-of-the-art hard drive isn't
         | going to hold many uncompressed movies - especially given that
         | 640x480 doesn't quite cut it anymore!
        
         | giantrobot wrote:
         | Even with that modern stupid large flash drive, you'd only have
         | a single movie two hour in 480p for the 300GB. Even just MPEG-1
         | video (in 480p) you could store over 150 two hour movies in the
         | same space. A modern codec like h.264 could fit twice that
         | many.
        
       | marcodiego wrote:
       | The first time I watched video stream on the PC through the
       | internet was through RealPlayer G2 on a 33600bps modem. I could
       | never use VDOLive, but I remember it to be well regarded at the
       | time.
       | 
       | Anyone knows a simple FLOSS app that allows me stream a camera
       | directly from my computer? I'd like to try exposing the capture
       | of a webcam through TOR to access it from anywhere without
       | requiring any specialized service.
        
         | don-code wrote:
         | It might be overkill, but you could run https://zoneminder.com/
         | in unauthenticated mode, with a single webcam as an input. It'd
         | at least give you a nice Web interface, as opposed to some
         | other solutions which use raw streams over HTTP/RTSP that
         | aren't approachable in a Web browser.
        
           | marcodiego wrote:
           | I'm more interested in something like a simple ffmpeg or vlc
           | command line or a small app specific for the purpose.
        
             | LeoPanthera wrote:
             | ffmpeg will do it.
             | 
             | Webcam Capture: https://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/Capture/Webcam
             | 
             | Streaming: https://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/StreamingGuide
        
       | Lammy wrote:
       | Interesting historical note: this "Dr. Dobbs Journal" article was
       | written by the president of the company sued by Apple later in
       | 1994 for the re-use of Quicktime-for-Windows source code in VFW,
       | eventually leading to Microsoft's 1997 "Apple bailout"
       | settlement.
       | 
       | "Mark is president of the San Francisco Canyon Company, which
       | developed QuickTime for Windows for Apple Computer. Canyon
       | publishes the Movie Toolkit, a C++ class library for manipulating
       | QuickTime and AVI movie files, and Canyon Clipz!. Canyon's How to
       | Digitize Video will be published by John Wiley in early 1994."
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_Canyon_Company
       | 
       | "The lawsuit _Apple Computer v. San Francisco Canyon Co._ , filed
       | on December 6, 1994, alleged that the San Francisco Canyon
       | Company used some of the code developed under contract to Apple
       | in their additions to Video for Windows. Apple expanded the
       | lawsuit to include Intel and Microsoft on February 10, 1995,
       | alleging that Microsoft and Intel knowingly used the software
       | company to aid them in stealing several thousand lines of Apple's
       | QuickTime code in their effort to improve the performance of
       | Video for Windows."
        
       | ktpsns wrote:
       | Video file formats is probably one division of "practical
       | computing" where the last 30 years really made a big difference.
       | MP3 was invented in 1991 and revolutionized the music industry.
       | In my impression, DivX had a somewhat comparable impact on
       | sharing and streaming movies.
       | 
       | Modern video compression is so amazing efficient that it always
       | blasts my head how a short movie is only slightly larger then a
       | JPEG still frame. I don't know any other lossy file compression
       | which is similarly amazing.
        
         | lostgame wrote:
         | DivX - _wow_ , that brings back memories of torrenting movies
         | in the mid-00's.
         | 
         | It really was the _only_ way to get a balance of decent video
         | quality with a reasonable (usually 700MB or less, for CD-video
         | purposes) file size.
         | 
         | My computer was too weak to really play back said DivX files at
         | the time ('02? '03?) - so I would burn them and play them
         | through my Dreamcast with a TV tuner card attached to my
         | computer tower. (I didn't have a TV of my own, but I had a
         | computer monitor!)
         | 
         | The only other alternatives I knew of at the time were
         | QuickTime (which got big fast when it was longer) and AVI,
         | which; AFAIK, didn't even use compression and was thusly huge.
         | 
         | It's not a wonder that DivX is gone now; but for a while, it
         | was just insanely prevelant.
        
       | giantrobot wrote:
       | One of the coolest aspects of the QuickTime format (the one I
       | know the most about) was the separation of the moov and mdat
       | atoms. It let an editing application define cuts and add tracks
       | without reserializing (to say nothing of re-encoding) the whole
       | file. A track referenced in a moov header could also point to an
       | entirely different file on disk. A lot of non-destructive edits
       | could simply be performed on the moov header which could live on
       | a small slow disk referencing mdats in files living on a large
       | fast disk. Thanks to the way aliases worked the external file
       | could be an alias to sort of get automatically found if the large
       | fast disk was removable like an external SCSI disk.
       | 
       | This let the relatively weak 68k Macs of the day do offline
       | editing of video without a bunch of extra hardware (like the
       | Amiga's VideoToaster).
       | 
       | The QuickTime format did allow the moov and mdat atoms to be
       | serialized into a monolithic file so they could work on single
       | fork file systems. The format was later extended so external
       | references could be URLs. Ref Movies were a small MOV that
       | referenced tracks living at different URLs.
       | 
       | This was extended further to tag referenced tracks with bandwidth
       | settings much like how HLS works. A small Ref Movie could point
       | to a postage stamp 56k stream and a high res T1 stream (or
       | whatever bandwidth) and the player depending on its local network
       | conditions would pick the appropriate reference. QuickTime Player
       | 7's "Export for Web" function used this method. It would encode
       | multiple versions of a movie then build a Ref Movie pointing to
       | them. It even built a small HTML file with the appropriate
       | embed/object tag incantation to stick the output on the web
       | easily.
       | 
       | RealPlayer had similar reference functionality with RAM files,
       | they could reference streams at multiple bandwidths to let the
       | player pick the appropriate one for local conditions.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-06-13 23:02 UTC)