[HN Gopher] Ask HN: How to remember technical topics which you d...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Ask HN: How to remember technical topics which you don't use/refer
       everyday?
        
       There are a ton of topics I learn/read on a daily basis. Some are
       out of my personal interest, some out of need (when interviewing).
       I notice that after a while, without enough usage, these topics
       simply evaporate from my memory. I know the simple answer is to
       keep practicing.  I'm interested in knowing how different people do
       this. Looking for any tips, hacks, etc.
        
       Author : aecs99
       Score  : 63 points
       Date   : 2022-06-11 18:57 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
       | punnerud wrote:
       | The goal should be to know what you don't know, because you can't
       | ask questions about the things you don't know that you don't
       | know.
       | 
       | So forgetting is ok, as long as you remember that there was
       | something extra the next time you meet the same problem.
        
         | igetspam wrote:
         | This. It reads like the answer to dunning Kruger.
        
       | tester756 wrote:
       | jezz
       | 
       | I've never been sure which one is which - byte or bit
       | 
       | until I had to use them directly
        
       | badinsie wrote:
       | my brain determines what is relevant or irrelevant all on its
       | own. the irrelevant stuff for sure gets thrown on the floor.
        
       | digitalsanctum wrote:
       | Prefer "learning" rather than "remembering." I prefer learning by
       | doing and teaching others which coincide with the best ways to
       | learn something and be held accountable. I don't remember where I
       | first learned about learning but this pyramid gives a quick
       | breakdown of which methods work best for retention [1].
       | 
       | [1] The Learning Pyramid:
       | https://stephenslighthouse.com/2010/02/26/the-learning-pyram...
        
       | 0xb0565e487 wrote:
       | Memorization is most often useless. Focus on understanding
       | instead.
       | 
       | You need to only retain information that can help you derive
       | useful conclusions, and your mind is most likely smarter than you
       | at that.
        
         | efortis wrote:
         | In other words, do your best to understand why (as opposed to
         | memorize).
         | 
         | For example, you'll refresh older topics when making analogies,
         | or stringing the evolution of something.
        
       | kayodelycaon wrote:
       | I leverage technology to replace memory. Details don't matter if
       | I know a thing exists and I'm good at finding things. Finding
       | things is a far more useful skill to develop than memorization.
       | 
       | It is highly unlikely I'll end up in a situation without cell
       | signal, I carry an iPhone, Kindle Paperwhite, and a cellular iPad
       | Mini (256gb) literally everywhere. (Handbags are awesome.)
       | 
       | On the off chance, I'm away from the internet and my kindle
       | doesn't have a useful book, I have all of Wikipedia and
       | Wikitonary downloaded in Kiwix on my iPad Mini, downloaded PDFs
       | in Dropbox, and a bunch of books in the D&D Beyond app, and
       | videos in Youtube, because why not.
       | 
       | Any thing I need to remember is in Apple Notes or Scrivener. (All
       | my research for stories is in a project file.)
        
       | martin-adams wrote:
       | I use the Zettelkasten method for tech notes. Even made a video
       | on it a while back if you're interested.
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jbvEJvTwllk
        
       | ilaksh wrote:
       | I know this will sound negative but I think the appropriate
       | answer is that you are very misguided.
       | 
       | One thing to realize is that rapid technology deployment and
       | improvements mean we must adapt our approach to learning and
       | problem solving if we want to be effective.
       | 
       | With the internet and exponential increase in software
       | development tools, the amount of information is massive. And of
       | course, we now have Google and Stackoverflow etc. which are
       | extremely effective ways to solve problems or very quickly
       | refresh your memory on the exact details that are relevant.
       | 
       | If you operate as if those things haven't changed, then you will
       | not be effective.
        
       | simonw wrote:
       | Make notes, in private and in public.
       | 
       | I have a private "notes" repo on GitHub where I keep notes in the
       | issues (the repo itself is empty). Any time I'm trying out a new
       | piece of software I open an issue there, then add notes on the
       | issue comments as I figure things out.
       | 
       | I use GitHub issues because they have excellent backups and they
       | show up on GitHub search - plus there's a really good API which I
       | use to periodically export and backup my notes elsewhere.
       | 
       | If something fits the TIL format, I'll turn my notes into a TIL
       | and publish them on https://til.simonwillison.net - that site
       | uses the markdown format as GitHub issues, so publishing a TIL
       | that started out as an issue comment only takes me a few minutes.
        
       | tedyoung wrote:
       | I think your question "how do I remember stuff I don't use often"
       | is not a useful question to answer. Why do you need to remember
       | things you don't use often? You don't.
       | 
       | Memory is not binary: you will have easier or harder access to
       | things in your long-term memory. Those that you access more
       | often, get easier. Those that you build up more complex
       | structures around (understanding concepts underlying those
       | concepts) make it easier to retrieve.
       | 
       | The more you learn and connect information, and generate it (by
       | writing summaries, applying that information, etc.), the stronger
       | that network of information becomes, which means that when you
       | "forget" it (find it hard to retrieve), a quick skim about that
       | topic will bring the whole network of information back to your
       | conscious awareness.
       | 
       | If you want to build better knowledge networks in your brain, you
       | have to (re-)generate that knowledge in different forms. Pick a
       | "node" of that knowledge that's a little fuzzy and learn more
       | about it to clarify it. Draw diagrams of how that knowledge fits
       | together.
       | 
       | Ultimately, constant retrieval of information, with restructuring
       | and clarifying, will make it easier to get back when you need it.
        
         | charlie0 wrote:
         | One good thing I can think of is algorithms for interviews.
         | Interviewing can be a grueling process and there's a lot of
         | things to remember. In most jobs, algorithms are really only
         | used during the interview process and not in the actual job.
         | Most people switch jobs every 1-3 years. Speaking from
         | experience, I tend to forget about most of the stuff I learned
         | in about 6 months, so it's a real hassle to have to re-train on
         | this stuff a 1+yr later for the next round of interviews. It
         | would be nice to learn algos once and never have to re-learn
         | them again.
        
       | itqwertz wrote:
       | Just be honest when talking about these things. No one knows
       | everything, so people will appreciate the humility as well as the
       | eagerness to adopt new tech.
       | 
       | Keep refreshing HN to keep up to date, but realize any engineer
       | worth his salt can figure out new tech in a week or two. No need
       | to be an expert.
       | 
       | Sometimes, the fate and knowledge of an engineer can be decided
       | by PM ticket assignment. Side projects are good to keep you
       | sharp, but don't stress. Once you move to management or team
       | lead, you'll realize that a competent engineer will always
       | deliver results.
        
       | giaour wrote:
       | Take notes, even if you know you can remember the details without
       | doing so. You can always search or refer back to your notes when
       | you need to return to a topic, and I find that just opening the
       | appropriate notebook jogs my memory
        
         | lostlogin wrote:
         | Notes.app is absolutely invaluable to me now, and has well over
         | a thousands entries. It has photos, links and many are shared.
         | I wish I could remember it all.
         | 
         | I've been planning to migrate to bear.app for a long time, but
         | have never made the leap.
        
       | q3k wrote:
       | I don't. If I'm not actively using something then it just gets
       | evicted from cache.
       | 
       | I generally remember the difficult/weird parts that made initial
       | learning slow, everything else I just re-learn as needed from the
       | same sources that I used initially.
        
       | FunnyBadger wrote:
       | For it I simply need to find them interesting. That causes me to
       | spend time researching or studying them. And that means I have
       | them at my finger-tips for conversation or application.
       | 
       | This may include downloading papers or buying textbooks or
       | equipment to hack (when appropriate).
        
       | igetspam wrote:
       | Don't. Let them fade. Reread the docs when you need them. The
       | amount of brain space you'd need to keep rarely used topics fresh
       | is unimaginable. Relearning to ride a bike is easier than
       | learning the first time (unless you've had a stroke). You'll pick
       | it up again. Learn for the sake of learning and let go. All you
       | need to maintain is the references and meta data.
        
       | undefinedzero wrote:
       | I've given up staying up-to-date on everything and limited myself
       | to things I can apply or are direct alternatives to technologies
       | I use. Things like Meta's approach to caching on Facebook and
       | stuff are interesting but only really relevant for less than a
       | dozen people and I reckon a waste of time for most others. If I
       | skip that I can mull longer on the topics relevant for me.
        
       | kamroot wrote:
       | I have had the same problem and I worked on it with a workflow of
       | reading something today, making a note of it in a notebook
       | (handwritten works best for me) and revising it the day after.
       | The hand writing part makes me bio-mechanically engage with the
       | material and finally reviewing my notes the next day forces
       | spaced repetition. A nice side-effect is that after a few months
       | when I am just flipping through my notebook I remember something
       | that I had forgotten.
       | 
       | I use this for technical webpages that I read, business concepts
       | (e.g. I am reading about `Yule's Law of Complementarity` or new
       | technical concepts (e.g. NestJS).
       | 
       | This works for me and I stumbled upon this workflow for myself
       | after trying out a lot of other things that did not work for me.
        
       | drakonka wrote:
       | Sorry for the non-answer answer I'm about to give, but I don't
       | really think you should have to keep these things in memory. At
       | some point it becomes a waste of memory space (at least that's
       | how I experience it).
       | 
       | There ARE some topics I want to remember, and those I try to put
       | in writing. Both because it helps them stick in my mind for
       | longer and because then I have a reference to go back to if I
       | need a refresher. I use my own blog quite a bit to remember ways
       | to do things that I may have figured out earlier and then
       | forgotten.
       | 
       | But in terms of keeping things completely in memory: I have grown
       | to think that, for a healthy mind, the things worth remembering
       | are the things we remember. It's _good_ to remember things you're
       | regularly using. If you're not regularly using them, you may as
       | well forget the details and refresh your memory later if needed.
       | Of course the major caveat being that this is within reasonable
       | limits and not a symptom of an illness or actual serious memory
       | loss.
       | 
       | It is a balance, and losing my memory in general is one of my
       | worst fears. I guess it is a matter of deciding if these topics
       | are beginning to evaporate sooner than you're comfortable with.
       | Do they disappear after a day? A week? A year? If I start
       | forgetting knowledge too quickly for my standards, that's when
       | I'll get worried. It's just a matter of deciding what "too
       | quickly" is for us.
        
         | shrimp_emoji wrote:
         | Outside of pathology, the mechanism of forgetting seems pretty
         | important: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperthymesia
         | 
         | > _Hyperthymesia, or highly superior autobiographical memory
         | (HSAM), is a condition that leads people to be able to remember
         | an abnormally large number of their life experiences in vivid
         | detail._
         | 
         | > _Hyperthymestic abilities can have a detrimental effect. The
         | constant, irrepressible stream of memories has caused
         | significant disruption to Price 's life. She described her
         | recollection as "non-stop, uncontrollable and totally
         | exhausting" and as "a burden".[1] Price is prone to getting
         | lost in remembering. This can make it difficult to attend to
         | the present or future, as she is permanently living in the
         | past. Others who have hyperthymesia do not display any of these
         | traits, however. _
        
           | tedyoung wrote:
           | Bjork's research is all about forgetting under the Theory of
           | Disuse (along with desirable difficulties, which is what
           | helps us remember). See
           | https://bjorklab.psych.ucla.edu/research/ for more.
        
       | k__ wrote:
       | I search on Google and find my own articles I wrote about those
       | topics in the past.
       | 
       | Strange, but funny feeling.
        
       | znpy wrote:
       | I have a personal private knowledge base, built using mediawiki.
       | 
       | It's easy to add content to and supports code highlighting,
       | images, files and all the nice things you'd see on wikipedia. And
       | has a beautiful skin (template) with gorgeous typography that's a
       | joy to read.
       | 
       | I also use it for tech notes, among the other stuff.
        
       | maliker wrote:
       | I write cheatsheets. Just the bare minimum stuff needed to get
       | things done. When I refer back to them it's a lot faster than
       | looking things up again in (e.g.) stackoverflow. My pandas
       | cheatsheet gets probably too much use (damn that API).
        
       | ubj wrote:
       | Learn the basics of how human memory works, and techniques for
       | making knowledge stick in long-term memory. Here's a few
       | resources that teach this at an approachable level:
       | 
       | [1] A Mind for Numbers (book):
       | https://barbaraoakley.com/books/a-mind-for-numbers/
       | 
       | [2] Learning How To Learn (Coursera course):
       | https://www.coursera.org/learn/learning-how-to-learn
       | 
       | [3] Make It Stick (book): https://www.retrievalpractice.org/make-
       | it-stick
       | 
       | [4] Augmenting Long-Term Memory (blog post):
       | http://augmentingcognition.com/ltm.html
       | 
       | [5] SuperMemo Guru (website):
       | https://supermemo.guru/wiki/SuperMemo_Guru
       | 
       | [6] Nelson Dellis (YouTube):
       | https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCnINhoHWuVjUDXp7dav5e3A
       | 
       | I second the use of Anki--it's a great tool. Other (non-free)
       | options include SuperMemo and IDoRecall.
        
         | drakonka wrote:
         | Thank you especially for linking the Augmenting Long-Term
         | Memory post. I'm just on the part going through the author's
         | usage of Anki and it has already inspired me to download the
         | client and try it myself as well. I don't think I'll put nearly
         | as many things in it as the author says he does, but it sounds
         | like it can be an incredible tool for whatever we find worth
         | remembering.
         | 
         | Update: After reading the API section of this post, I found
         | this very last part interesting in the context of OP's
         | question[0]. I thought it may be worth highlighting to the OP
         | that even a heavy user of a memory system recognizes that
         | knowledge we don't regularly use may not be worth remembering.
         | 
         | [0]"A more challenging partial failure mode is Ankifying what
         | turn into orphan APIs. That is, I'll use a new API for a
         | project, and Ankify some material from the API. Then the
         | project finishes, and I don't immediately have another project
         | using the same API. I then find my mind won't engage so well
         | with the cards - there's a half-conscious thought of "why am I
         | learning this useless stuff?" I just no longer find the cards
         | as interesting as when I was actively using the API.
         | 
         | This is a difficult situation. I use the rule of thumb that if
         | it seems likely I'm not going to use the API again, I delete
         | the cards when they come up. But if it seems likely I'll use
         | the API in the next year or so, I keep them in the deck. It's
         | not a perfect solution, since I really do slightly disconnect
         | from the cards. But it's the best compromise I've found."
        
           | ubj wrote:
           | Great points. I agree that one of the challenges is
           | identifying what knowledge is worth investing the time to
           | bake into long-term memory.
           | 
           | Paying attention to what knowledge I (or top performers) use
           | most often in practical projects / everyday work has helped.
           | I also try to identify fundamentals; i.e. chunks of knowledge
           | that experts in a field have identified as critical to
           | understanding that field.
        
       | saagarjha wrote:
       | By keeping pointers to the content rather than the actual content
       | ;)
        
       | ibobev wrote:
       | Take notes about the most important parts of what you learnt.
       | That way when you have to recall a topic you don't have to reread
       | the whole book or tutorial but just your notes.
        
       | sotu wrote:
       | I use flashcards with active recall style learning. There's
       | actually a great app I use called "Active Recall" that sets you
       | up with this - you have to work a bit to get the cards you want
       | but after you can refer back to them easily and it helps with
       | memorization
       | 
       | https://activerecall.com is their site
        
       | sbfeibish wrote:
       | I have a Notes folder containing 'subject' text files.
       | Notes/crypto.txt Notes/docker.txt Notes/equity.txt ... anything
       | and everything one day I'll divide them into subfolders
       | Notes/geopolitics/zeihan.txt Notes/programming/languages/rust.txt
       | 
       | if a text file isn't good enough, or there needs to be an image
       | embedded, I use other file types
       | 
       | And a Documents folder containing 'subject' article files.
       | Documents/Programming/Languages/Rust ...
        
         | Alekhine wrote:
         | I do the exact same thing. Its been very effective. Looking at
         | something I wrote myself refreshes my memory a lot more than
         | any other kind of resource.
         | 
         | I personally use markdown files in the event I want to publish
         | one of my notes. It also let's me inline images and see them if
         | my editor supports previewing.
        
           | lostlogin wrote:
           | I've been meaning to try bear.app for this reason. Have never
           | got past notes.app though.
        
       | joeman1000 wrote:
       | I just don't. I have to learn 4 subjects a semester, 12 weeks per
       | subject, roughly 5 sub-topics per week. 240 almost useless chunks
       | of info that I have to get examined on every 6 months. I would
       | top myself if I kept it all in memory. I do my best to learn the
       | concepts, then write my brief understanding in a note system
       | (org-roam). I don't have to remember any of the shit after I'm
       | done with it.
        
       | salawat wrote:
       | I print them out on paper, then add them to my library. Brain
       | just does the rest.
        
       | epgui wrote:
       | When you learn something more in depth, you are less likely to
       | forget it.
       | 
       | When you learn other things adjacent to the topic at hand, but
       | related in some way, you're less likely to forget things as you
       | build more and more of a frame of reference around it.
       | 
       | But either way, the key to remembering things for a very long
       | time is spaced repetition. First you need to test your recall
       | after a short period, then after a longer period, etc.
       | 
       | Memorization skills isn't something you're inherently good or bad
       | at, or are born with: it's a skill you can absolutely learn!
        
       | leke wrote:
       | I use this https://zim-wiki.org/
       | 
       | Take notes. Use the Search feature when you need to dig
       | information out.
        
       | muskmusk wrote:
       | Anki
        
       | dmitriid wrote:
       | If you don't use it, you forget it. As simple as that. You will
       | even forget your own native language if you don't use it long
       | enough.
       | 
       | There's no other option for remembering things other than using
       | them.
        
       | dasil003 wrote:
       | Spend 80% of your time building / practicing, and 20% reading /
       | researching.
       | 
       | This doesn't apply to everyone--if your goal is just the pursuit
       | of knowledge then you can disregard this advice. For me though,
       | the satisfaction and the cementing of knowledge comes from its
       | application. Especially as I get older and realize the ephemeral
       | and fleeting nature of body and mind, it just reinforces the need
       | to be in the moment and cultivate focus on doing rather than
       | optimizing against (or fighting!) my human limitations.
        
       | Slaughterhouse6 wrote:
       | I take notes in a journal for this type of stuff since the odds
       | are good I will lose the link to whatever it was or the old site
       | will be gone the next time I look for it.
        
       | DigitallyFidget wrote:
       | Teach it.
       | 
       | I don't know why nobody else has suggested this.
       | 
       | If you want to learn, really learn something. Self educate, then
       | teach it to someone else. You'll have to really educate yourself
       | on the subject, but once you do.. Blog post, Twitter, Youtube,
       | Linked-In, or whatever platform you want to use. You'll get
       | corrections if you're wrong about something, and hopefully a load
       | of questions that will make you dig further into the topic. The
       | process of teaching it will reinforce it into your memory as you
       | present it in the way you understand, and the feedback you get
       | will also strengthen your understanding even further. You'll
       | become much less likely to forget it over time.
       | 
       | But what if you're like me, and you don't have a social media
       | presence or following to get any kind of feedback? Surely you
       | have friends with similar interests, or know one of those people
       | who likes soaking up knowledge like a sponge. You could use HN
       | here to post something, or post to Reddit's "Today I Learned".
       | 
       | Inevitably, teaching something is the best way to learn more
       | about that thing, and learning more about it is what will make it
       | stick better.
        
       | pcbro141 wrote:
       | Anki spaced repetition software
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-06-11 23:00 UTC)