[HN Gopher] I've locked myself out of my digital life
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       I've locked myself out of my digital life
        
       Author : edent
       Score  : 617 points
       Date   : 2022-06-07 11:36 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (shkspr.mobi)
 (TXT) w3m dump (shkspr.mobi)
        
       | dgellow wrote:
       | Damn, I'm really sorry for you, that sounds like a traumatizing
       | experience to go to. I wish you the best.
       | 
       | Edit: wait, it is hypothetical?! Not sure how I feel about this,
       | the whole article reads like a real situation, learning it is
       | hypothetical from other comments makes me feel I've been
       | emotionally manipulated...
        
       | PontifexMinimus wrote:
       | I get past this by writing down by usernames/passwords in a
       | physical book. Of course, this wouldn't help me if I lost the
       | book.
        
       | Asooka wrote:
       | This is exactly why I try to opt out of any two factor
       | authentication on some of my accounts. Yes, the 7 symbol password
       | isn't very secure, but it's truly random and I remember it well.
       | If anything happens, I can log into the account from anywhere and
       | regain access to the rest of my stuff. If anyone knows how I
       | could convince Google as well to let me opt out of two factor
       | authentication, I would be very grateful. Obviously not for my
       | phone account, nor for my professional account. Just for my
       | personal email.
        
       | ulzeraj wrote:
       | Bitcoiners who like to take their self custody seriously often
       | use tools like fire resistant metal plates to write their
       | recovery seed words through a center punch tool. Products like
       | the coinkite seed plates backup exist but it is also possible to
       | roll your own using washers and bolts. For BIP39 only the first 4
       | letters of each word are necessary. You can also setup multisig
       | or seed x0r to make sure a thief doesn't breach into your seeds
       | with just one plate, often stored on multiple geographic
       | locations.
       | 
       | I wonder if some similar strategy exists for normal master
       | passwords. Could be a nice idea for a low-tech-product-for-high-
       | tech-solutions product. Perhaps a metal card where the user can
       | manually punch a QR code.
        
       | epigramx wrote:
       | I noticed many people in this thread have the delusion perfect
       | security can exist; perfect security is impossible; there are
       | always drawbacks. You have a choice to make: it's either hard for
       | you to unlock the relevant secret to the point of possibly being
       | locked out yourself or: you make copies of secrets or use other
       | redundances which makes the unlocking easier but the security
       | lower. In most cases the reasonable choice is to make it hard
       | even for you to fully unlock all the secrets but not to the point
       | that is nearly impossible because at the very least: you may want
       | to have inheritance.
        
       | throw457 wrote:
       | I keep an encrypted backup and second yubikey at my workplace.
        
         | hprotagonist wrote:
         | Those are two streams I sure as hell don't want to cross!
        
           | willis936 wrote:
           | Which is exactly why it makes for a good out-of-band
           | failsafe.
        
         | kalleboo wrote:
         | I work from home...
        
           | throw457 wrote:
           | Maybe visit your relatives once in a while and use them as a
           | data drop. It's really not that big of a problem he makes it
           | out to be. He screwed up.
        
             | kalleboo wrote:
             | All my relatives live on other continents :(
        
         | durnygbur wrote:
         | During my whole career there was only one workplace in which I
         | would store stuff critical for my personal life.
        
       | jb3689 wrote:
       | This reminds me of the time I worked for a disaster recovery
       | company in their backup provider division. You could choose to
       | encrypt all of your data end-to-end, but doing so meant you had
       | to be responsible with the encryption keys; we could not bail you
       | out if you lost them. Unsurprisingly clients were a lot less
       | interested in that option once we had this conversation
        
       | orangepurple wrote:
       | Safety deposit boxes are an unequivocally terrible idea. They
       | have very few safeguards, subject to seizure easily, and contents
       | are uninsured or minimally insured.
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=20545276
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27106695
        
         | wintermutestwin wrote:
         | I get that SD boxes aren't as great as we'd expect them to be,
         | but they can still be part of a reasonable disaster recovery
         | strategy:
         | 
         | I live in a fire prone area. I have a safe deposit box 30 mins
         | away in a place that won't burn. I keep a HD there with all my
         | photos on it. I refresh the drive monthly. The chance that this
         | small credit union with maybe 100 boxes will lose, toss or sell
         | my box on fire day is pretty minimal.
        
           | orangepurple wrote:
           | I concede that they may be OK as storage unit for backup
           | copies which can be replaced relatively cheaply and may work
           | well if you check that your backup still exists and
           | functions. Just don't be like that watch collector that lost
           | everything.
        
       | javajosh wrote:
       | It's probably worthwhile to keep backup identity documents and
       | data with a trusted local friend who's number and address you
       | have memorized. Hopefully they are not out of town or suffering a
       | calamity, too!
        
       | system2 wrote:
       | Answer:
       | 
       | KeePass + FTP file + Local Backup + Google Drive backup. (Can be
       | done automatically.)
       | 
       | KeePass file keeps backup codes for 2FA as well. Even if lose my
       | laptop, house or any other digital media, I can still connect to
       | my ftp or email.
        
       | EGreg wrote:
       | It's simple ... just have offsite backup and sync (TM)
       | 
       | As for bootstrapping your identity, consider having a couple
       | devices that need your biometrics to generate a password and
       | unlock stuff, and store them in various banks or buried under a
       | tree.
       | 
       | If you ever get amnesia, you can always implant the location info
       | in your ass like Jason Bourne.
        
       | martin_a wrote:
       | Lots of made up problems here.
       | 
       | Officials will provide you with replacement/temporary documents
       | in a relatively short time, when you have lost them due to a fire
       | or sth. else.
       | 
       | With those you can start rebuilding your infrastructure. Get new
       | credit/debit cards, buy a new phone, get a replacement SIM from
       | your provider, that way get access to your 2FA system again...
       | 
       | Yeah, it's inconvenient and will take some time, but it's not
       | hopeless.
        
         | snowwrestler wrote:
         | If your 2FA was based on the device itself, like an
         | Authenticator app, a new phone with a replacement SIM will not
         | help you.
        
           | martin_a wrote:
           | I see. That's a single point of failure, introduced by
           | yourself. Might be good for some, bad for others.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | IAmNotAFix wrote:
       | This raises the question: How does having your password manager
       | breached compares to losing access to your password manager?
        
       | uniqueuid wrote:
       | I'm just as guilty as everybody for not doing this, but ...
       | 
       | perfect is again the enemy of good. Instead of a technically
       | superior backup with rotation and all, it may be better to have
       | some arbitrary, incomplete old backup lying around on a disk at
       | someone's place.
        
         | makeitdouble wrote:
         | I'd freak out if a friend came to me with a disk and told me to
         | keep it safe.
         | 
         | Imagining someday I go on vacation and valuables are stolen,
         | including that disk. Now that friend's supposedly personal data
         | is compromised, as of course they would set a lower protection
         | on something that is supposed to be used during emergencies.
         | 
         | Same if the disk gets corrupted because we didn't realize it's
         | stored next to the fan, and 2 years were enough to have an
         | impact.
         | 
         | Or we lose it when moving but nobody realizes the loss.
         | 
         | So many weird scenarios, I'd feel more confident if they gave
         | me their kid to raise for 5 years.
        
           | danieldk wrote:
           | _Imagining someday I go on vacation and valuables are stolen,
           | including that disk. Now that friend's supposedly personal
           | data is compromised, as of course they would set a lower
           | protection on something that is supposed to be used during
           | emergencies._
           | 
           | Just use LUKS or FileVault full disk encryption. Your friend
           | just has to memorize one password. If it gets stolen, it's as
           | good to a thieve as random data.
           | 
           |  _Same if the disk gets corrupted because we didn't realize
           | it's stored next to the fan, and 2 years were enough to have
           | an impact._
           | 
           | I would tell them to make more than one off-site copy. It's
           | their responsibility to not just depend on you.
        
             | makeitdouble wrote:
             | TBH I wouldn't expect someone stealing hard drives along
             | more valuable stuff to just plug it to their Windows
             | machine and call it a day because it doesn't mount.
             | 
             | Also the thief doesn't need to be the one dealing with the
             | data, the same way people stealing cars are usually not the
             | ones brokering them, and brute forcing an offline password
             | wouldn't be crazy long considering it's supposed to be
             | memorable (possibly by more than one person)
             | 
             | Just to say, spreading backup hard disks here and there,
             | and assume everything will be fine even if some of them get
             | lost in the wild feels like a pretty laid back attitude in
             | contrast to the length spent on having a fully functional
             | 2FA system.
        
               | aaronmdjones wrote:
               | LUKS these days supports Argon2, which has configurable
               | time, memory, and parallelism parameters; brute-forcing a
               | single weak password can be as slow as you want it to be.
               | The offline backup of my pass(1) repository on a thumb
               | drive on my keychain takes more than 3 minutes to unlock
               | on an i7-7700K.
        
           | latency-guy wrote:
           | The someone could be your bank with a safety deposit box. The
           | payment is usually annual and not very expensive IMO at $60 -
           | $150 a year.
           | 
           | Of course, you're open to the risk of loss in a bank robbery,
           | but how often do those happen anyway?
        
             | lupire wrote:
             | Bank closing office and trashing box is a bigger risk.
        
           | tgsovlerkhgsel wrote:
           | I wouldn't freak out. I'd store the disk with the same amount
           | of care that I store my own disks, and I would insist that it
           | is 100% encrypted with free space either encrypted or wiped.
           | (If theft of a powered-off storage medium compromises the
           | data, you're doing it SERIOUSLY wrong.)
           | 
           | Someone who is storing disks offsite is unlikely to have only
           | one copy. I'd offer to review his backup strategy with him,
           | but other than that, I'm "dumb storage", how my friend uses
           | it is his business. I'd also make clear what expectations are
           | if law enforcement or someone with a gun comes for the disk
           | (they're getting it, that's what the encryption is for and
           | I'm not going to jail/dying for something that should be
           | solved with replication).
        
             | Aeolun wrote:
             | Do you mind me thinking these reactions are kinda weird? I
             | imagine I'd say 'sure' throw the disk on the shelf, and not
             | worry about it any more until they show up years later to
             | get their disk back.
             | 
             | Then it'll either work or not, but spending any time
             | worrying about what might -with some infinitisemally small
             | chance- happen seems pointless.
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | If they messed up their system, you offer sympathy and
               | assistance. Not your fault or problem.
        
           | uniqueuid wrote:
           | Yes, the disk should definitely be encrypted, but it could be
           | using a rather weak password that you can memorize. The key
           | is not to put too much trust in anything, but also not
           | overengineer the solution. Just like DVDs - you hand an old
           | disk to someone without the expectation that it is usable,
           | but it can become a safety net to recover some of your most
           | important data. Lots of copies keep stuff safe.
        
             | nicknow wrote:
             | Easy to memorize does not equal weak (i.e., easy to brute
             | force.) You can use natural language to create very
             | difficult to guess or brute force but incredibly easy to
             | remember passwords.
        
           | no_time wrote:
           | >we didn't realize it's stored next to the fan
           | 
           | Huh how would that shorten the lifespan of any storage
           | device?
        
             | mellavora wrote:
             | fan might generate magnetic fields.
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | Backups are not binary. As _part_ of a backup strategy, it may
         | be worth the $200 or so for a USB drive to have a somewhat
         | stale year old backup of last resort sitting in a parent 's or
         | friend's closet somewhere. (Presumably encrypted.)
        
       | renonce wrote:
       | One of the good things that cryptocurrency brings is secure
       | cryptography devices like Ledger. It has a secure screen that
       | allows you to copy 24-word mnemonic to a sheet of paper and
       | recover everything from it in case you lost/damaged your device.
       | The mnemonic can be carved onto a piece of metal that would
       | survive fire or locked into bank safe so as to survive incidents
       | like this. It has proven to work reliably for exchanges where
       | billions of dollars are at stake. And best of all, it supports
       | U2F so you can sign in to regular websites with it.
       | 
       | I hope that such technology would find its use outside the crypto
       | world and help us keep our identity safe.
        
         | maccard wrote:
         | How is that any different to the recovery codes section? OP
         | could have carved their one use passwords into the floor, for
         | example.
        
         | iLoveOncall wrote:
         | How is that any different than carving your password manager's
         | recovery key on a piece of metal?
        
           | renonce wrote:
           | A nice thing to do if you don't have Ledger. But in case you
           | change your password because of a laptop compromise you have
           | to change it on all devices and carve it again.
           | 
           | Ledger is much safer so you shouldn't need to do it more than
           | once. Just make sure the mnemonic never enters the digital
           | world - don't point a camera at it.
        
       | reedlaw wrote:
       | One way to circumvent this is to use a strong passphrase to
       | deterministically generate the PGP/SSH key [1] to unlock other
       | passwords. The SSH key could grant access to a remote server with
       | backups and the PGP key could decrypt passwords using pass [2].
       | Of course, the "master" passphrase must be kept safe or
       | remembered.
       | 
       | 1. https://github.com/skeeto/passphrase2pgp
       | 
       | 2. https://www.passwordstore.org/
        
         | chexum wrote:
         | pass is great for availability, I think I have several friends
         | even in other countries (if a VPS wouldn't be sufficient) that
         | would lend me space with a shell account for a "pass git push".
         | 
         | Of course, the gpg key is an issue, just as well the password
         | or the ssh key for those accounts. In addition to
         | passphrase2pgp, you could also use paperkey and keep it storage
         | and/or a bank safe. I, for one, store my GPG key on a Yubikey.
         | Of course, I would have thought I'm storing it safely, but it's
         | left in my laptop for a few days now, so chances are I would
         | simply leave it there in an actual emergency. However, pass
         | also supports (re)encrypting with multiple keys, and one more
         | Yubikey can then be kept with friends/family, and it can also
         | store backup SSH keys.
         | 
         | Having multiple copies of ssh and GPG keys and the
         | passwordstore git repo, chances are great to be able to recover
         | most of the online presence.
         | 
         | If a phone/tablet itself can be saved, it could also host
         | another mirror of the GIT repo (for example with an app like
         | Working Copy), accelerating recovery.
         | 
         | paperkey: https://www.jabberwocky.com/software/paperkey/
        
       | Aeolun wrote:
       | For some reason, I did not appreciate this hypothetical. I spent
       | my whole blog post feeling sorry for this person only for them to
       | suddenly declare it was all fake, and then immediately ask for
       | money.
       | 
       | Normally I'm quite good about these things, but this was too
       | much.
        
         | system2 wrote:
         | Yes, at least it is not to his personal account.
        
         | sillysaurusx wrote:
         | Agreed, and I'm surprised no one else is saying it.
         | 
         | It activates the "I was just assaulted" empathy regions of my
         | brain. Seeing that it was fake was like, oh, not assaulted,
         | just lying for literary effect. Okay.
         | 
         | Like everyone else, I'm glad they're ok, and didn't have to
         | suffer through this.
        
         | jamespo wrote:
         | Yes, I got a similar feeling as to when I watched Fargo which
         | lied about it being a true story
        
         | martinhath wrote:
         | The very first line in the post is "Imagine ...". Was it not
         | clear that what followed what hypothetical, or was the post
         | edited after you commented?
        
           | Aeolun wrote:
           | I'm not sure if there was any edit or not, I certainly felt
           | it actually happened, though I'll admit there were a few
           | discrepancies.
           | 
           | E.g. the picture of the burning house is a McMansion, but the
           | author indicates they live in the Uk. The passport is clearly
           | _set_ on fire, etc. But I could justify these as 'well,
           | obviously there is nothing left, so the author just took a
           | random picture of a burning passport'.
        
             | edent wrote:
             | OP here - I haven't edited the post. It always started with
             | "Imagine..."
        
         | kup0 wrote:
         | Agreed, it should have been noted upfront that it was
         | hypothetical
        
       | unethical_ban wrote:
       | I am working toward a setup where I am certain my critical data
       | will not be lost due to broken phones or house fire. I'm also
       | working on a strategy for death, amnesia, etc. for my friends to
       | help if I ever forget my own password or pass away.
       | 
       | My strategy (some parts still being implemented):
       | * Use a password manager (Keepass)       * For anything 2FA, it
       | either can use Authy (has backup service) or has backup codes.
       | * Authy backup code and all other backup codes are in password
       | manager       * Password manager and all important digital data
       | is stored in AWS Glacier
       | 
       | To be implemented:                 * Instructions for disaster
       | recovery printed and stored in AWS       * Master password to
       | Keepass written in envelope in my house       * AWS accounts, S3
       | buckets and Shamirs secret sharing configured so that any 2/5
       | friends or family can login to AWS, get a copy of my safe, and
       | together unlock it in case of death or disaster
       | 
       | AWS Glacier Deep Archive costs about $1/TB/month and is highly
       | redundant, so for cold storage and DR is perfect for this.
       | Shamirs secret sharing is a cool tech for breaking up secret data
       | between people to allow the reconstruction of a secret key.
       | 
       | Links:
       | 
       | https://keepass.info/ - cross platform password safe
       | 
       | https://authy.com/ - Free 2FA with backup service
       | 
       | https://aws.amazon.com/s3/storage-classes/glacier/ - Info on AWS
       | Deep Glacier
       | 
       | https://rclone.org/ - Great tool for backing up from local to any
       | kind of cloud storage - I use it for encrypted uploads to AWS
       | Glacier Deep Archive
       | 
       | https://iancoleman.io/shamir/ - Web tool for Shamir Secret
       | Sharing
        
       | night-rider wrote:
       | Once you know your master pass phrase in Bitwarden + email you
       | can get back in. Providing of course you don't enable 2FA, which
       | could lock you out if your Yubikey gets destroyed. Bitwarden has
       | an 'attachments' feature so you can upload the QR code seed image
       | used to setup TOTP so you can set up all your TOTP accounts again
       | in an authenticator app in a worst case scenario.
        
         | sph wrote:
         | Having no 2FA on your password manager is incredibly reckless.
         | That and your email are by far the two most important things
         | you own.
        
         | buro9 wrote:
         | I do this.
         | 
         | But I also enable 2FA and store the seed for that publicly...
         | on the internet. Just without any context at all as to what it
         | does.
         | 
         | By itself the 2FA seed is useless. You need to know what it
         | does, and you also need the email (it's not my public email)
         | and the password (which is very strong).
         | 
         | I also have a set of plain instructions that my partner has
         | explaining how to Bitwarden and access all the things if
         | needed, including how to use a 2FA app, etc.
        
           | night-rider wrote:
           | Worth noting: Bitwarden gives you a recovery code incase you
           | lose your 2FA device. So as Terrence Eden said: invest in a
           | safety deposit box and store the recovery code there. Or
           | memorize it if you can.
        
       | wazoox wrote:
       | My passwords and important documents are sync'ed to the cloud, my
       | office PC, my home PC, my home Mac, and my laptop. If for some
       | reasons the three places (office, home, and DC) which are in a
       | circle of about 40 km are destroyed at the same time, I probably
       | could care less as there would be some major disaster like a mega
       | earthquake, thermonuclear war, etc.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | pqs wrote:
       | My country issues ID cards. Police has biometric data on me
       | (fingers and photo). I guess in my country I can easily obtain a
       | new ID card and from here, prove my identity to the different
       | providers. I guess it is very hard still, but better than
       | nothing. Isn't it?
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | Right. Unless you use a completely anonymous service payed by
         | mailing cash in, you should be able to bootstrap your way back
         | in, it just may take some time. I'll say that a company whose
         | daily business depends on some 2FA-protected service should
         | ensure that they have redundant second factors stored at a
         | different location.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | Most places allow you to "bootstrap" back up from nearly
         | nothing, but it can involve getting a copy of your original
         | birth certificate from the county/hospital, etc.
         | 
         | This is also a reason why you should keep _all_ expired IDs
         | around in a safe location separate from your normal life; even
         | an expired passport /driver license can help get the
         | bureaucracy to get you setup again.
         | 
         | When you're in a situation like this, you're working to
         | convince the person at the DMV counter that you're who you say
         | you are, and expired IDs, along with utility bills, etc, can go
         | very far.
         | 
         | Convincing a computer is much more difficult, which is the
         | point of this article.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | bennyp101 wrote:
       | So I do actually use a safety deposit box at the bank he mentions
       | - and I think it is worth the PS20 a month.
       | 
       | It does contain a backup yubikey (which is set as a master for
       | creating new ones) as well as a printed paper copy of my private
       | key. The 2nd slot on it stores the secret key for my 1password so
       | I can get back into that if needed.
       | 
       | I use Authy for 2FA which is backed up with a decent password
       | that I know - but would be pretty tricky to guess.
       | 
       | The bank have a photo of myself and wife, along with signatures -
       | so when you go to access it they compare your photo (I had to
       | show ID last time as I had grown a beard which looked nothing
       | like me) and have you sign to access. So I think even if I had
       | lost my card with my account details on it, I should still be
       | able to get back into my digital life.
       | 
       | Edit: Even if the safety deposit key is destroyed, you can get a
       | replacement for <insert fairly high amount of money> if it came
       | to it.
        
       | butz wrote:
       | Time for my "carve your 2FA recovery codes into rock" startup to
       | shine. I might even offer offsite backups: store your rock with
       | codes in my back yard with public access, the trick here is - no
       | one knows which stone is whose.
        
       | HillBates wrote:
        
       | joemazerino wrote:
       | Incredibly telling. How did he fake the pictures of the phone,
       | yubikey etc.
        
         | joshstrange wrote:
         | Google images?
         | 
         | I mistook the initial "imagine" but read to the end to see it
         | was hypothetical. That said the passport burning set off alarms
         | in my head. The rest was within reason, even the house on fire
         | (thought the non-lightning-proof fire safe sounded fishy) but
         | he had time to take a picture of his passport while it was on
         | fire and he didn't try to put it out? Unrealistic.
         | 
         | I guess I should have been skeptical of /any/ pictures for that
         | matter, especially the house since "how would he take the
         | picture if his phone was fried".
        
       | productceo wrote:
       | This.
       | 
       | I never understood MFAs. In terms of ability to "log back in", it
       | creates more "weakest links", where failure of one can lock me
       | out of all.
       | 
       | Most consumers don't, but I use 3+ phones at a time, picking up
       | whichever one has battery and is near me, and replace phones
       | multiple times a year. MFAs and similar "future-looking" security
       | solutions seem to target majority cases, whereas I think such
       | security solutions need to support edge cases.
       | 
       | Currently, my best guess is magic links where I can set aliases
       | like "this particular email" to be the source of truth, such that
       | I can lose a device or two and still access the email, and still
       | replace entire email if email is compromised (or regularly, just
       | for best practice). But definitely does not feel satisfying...
       | 
       | Big respect for experts who are thinking about this problem day
       | and night to solve it for the humankind. Seems hard and is
       | definitely critically important!
        
       | Whitespace wrote:
       | This recently happened to me after my laptop and phone were
       | stolen on vacation. Everything is in 1Password. I of course
       | didn't have the recovery paper with me. I recently changed my
       | iCloud password to be more secure, and luckily I remembered it.
       | But I needed 2FA to log in still.
       | 
       | I had to go to an AT&T store, port my phone number to a different
       | iPhone, restore from an iCloud backup using the SMS 2FA, and then
       | I could finally log into 1Password for my passwords and MFA.
       | 
       | If I didn't have a memorable iCloud password this would have been
       | impossible without the 1Password recovery paper.
       | 
       | Devices are often lost/stolen on vacation where the myriad layers
       | of protection are extremely hard -- if not impossible -- to
       | penetrate.
        
         | jen729w wrote:
         | If you (the Royal 'you', I'm not having a go at _you_ ) have
         | 1Password and you do _not_ have a printed, sealed copy of your
         | recovery steps safely hosted at a best friend or relative's
         | house then I think you're bonkers.
         | 
         | It's so easy. Print it out. Write your password on it. Put it
         | in an envelope and seal it. Give it to someone - suffice to say
         | you trust this person with your life - who doesn't live next
         | door (otherwise their house burnt down along with yours).
         | 
         | You never need do anything ever again, other than not change
         | your master password.
        
         | joshstrange wrote:
         | This is why some of my most important accounts (iCloud, Google)
         | are passwords that I've forced myself to memorize. I've been
         | stuck in the chicken and egg quagmire before and it really
         | sucks. iCloud is particularly bad especially on the phone
         | because none of the popups have password manager support so you
         | have to manually go look it up, navigate back to whatever
         | prompted for the password, and re-trigger the dialog.
        
         | nicoburns wrote:
         | Yeah, I have a few key passwords (email and password manager
         | being the main ones) memorised, and also stored written on
         | paper in a safe place. Password manager also explicitly
         | _doesn't_ have 2FA enabled so I should always be able to access
         | that so long as I have an internet connection.
         | 
         | Now that I think about it, I might need to rethink my 2FA
         | strategy for email to ensure that's also accessible.
        
         | petesergeant wrote:
         | I've got several little USB drives with the recovery key on it,
         | although at the moment I'm also trying to use Anki to memorize
         | it...
        
         | wintermutestwin wrote:
         | >a memorable iCloud password
         | 
         | Serious question: Once you have this, why bother with a
         | password manager? Why not just keep a password spreadsheet in
         | iCloud?
        
           | corrral wrote:
           | Password managers plus biometric auth mean I almost never
           | even need to copy-paste a password, let alone type one. I
           | just hit "fill" and it fills it in. For most of the services
           | I use these days, I've never typed _or manually pasted_ the
           | password, ever, not even once.
        
           | Sirened wrote:
           | A password manager mitigates other threats that a spreadsheet
           | in iCloud Drive does not, such as a program just directly
           | reading it and ruining your life. And, anyways, password
           | managers give you auto fill which is a significant quality of
           | life improvement.
           | 
           | A memorable password is not a bad password, if done right. I
           | have a password for both my google account and Apple ID
           | that's easy to type because when you're in device setup you
           | can't auto fill and so random passwords are a huge pain
        
             | nicknow wrote:
             | When I was doing IT ops for a company, we had a little
             | program that generated 4 random common words and put a
             | symbol between them (!.@#$%). Super easy to type and fairly
             | easy to memorize, but according to every password checker
             | also really hard to crack.
             | 
             | "Broth.Dogs.Run.Blue" is 10x easier to remember than
             | "$#kdSk$SWE223" but 1000x times more secure. Probably more
             | so, because you are less likely to have to write it down to
             | remember it.
        
           | Whitespace wrote:
           | As joshstrange mentions above, iCloud password prompts don't
           | support password managers, which is the main reason why I
           | have a memorable one.
           | 
           | Password managers are more useful to me than a spreadsheet in
           | iCloud. I don't see why having a memorable iCloud password
           | implies I should get rid of a password manager.
           | 
           | Do you have a spreadsheet of passwords in a cloud account
           | somewhere?
        
         | doctorhandshake wrote:
         | For this reason on long trips I travel with a laminated
         | recovery password inside the zip of a 'secret pocket' in a
         | belt.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | One nice thing about recovery passwords is you don't need to
           | put the account name/email with it (you'll presumably
           | remember that).
           | 
           | That reduces the risk of losing it a bit.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | rsync wrote:
       | Easy solution would have been to backstop your secrets in a cloud
       | storage account run by a firm that you can call on the phone and
       | talk to a Unix engineer in California.
       | 
       | It would have been a pain and we would have made you jump through
       | all kinds of weird hoops and I would have to be personally
       | involved... but we'd have gotten you in.
       | 
       | After 21 years of this we've seen all of this - customers die,
       | people are in comas, admins get fired... we've helped everyone
       | and treated them like human beings.
       | 
       | And yes - it does cost a bit more than backblaze.
        
         | edent wrote:
         | As I said in the post, if the company can grant access to me -
         | they can grant access to themselves, or a malicious insider, or
         | my twin sister.
         | 
         | The pertinent question is - are you happy with that trade-off?
        
           | rsync wrote:
           | "As I said in the post, if the company can grant access to me
           | - they can grant access to themselves, or a malicious
           | insider, or my twin sister."
           | 
           | Well, presumably the access is to (seemingly) random,
           | gibberish data that you have stored with (borg, restic,
           | etc.). So you'll need to remember a last-ditch passphrase to
           | your own encryption if you're using us for your backstop.
           | 
           | We encourage _all_ of our customers to encrypt their data
           | here - regardless of their use-case - and we don 't hold
           | those keys.
           | 
           | I can't overstate to you _just how suspicious_ and spidey-
           | sense-tingling we get when someone says they are locked out
           | and can we help them get back in. We get very adversarial and
           | we have a LOT of tests we can apply to their claims.
           | 
           | The reason other firms don't do this isn't because it's not
           | workable - but because it is time consuming and "not
           | scalable".
        
             | nicoburns wrote:
             | If you're able to remember a password, then why would you
             | need to call support?
        
               | rsync wrote:
               | We're talking about two different passwords - the
               | password to your rsync.net account and the _passphrase_
               | to (duplicity /borg/restic/etc.) that you used to create
               | your failsafe backup here.
               | 
               | If you use an SSH key with a passphrase, etc., to access
               | rsync.net that could, indeed, be an authentication that
               | you lose because your phones and laptops and yubikeys
               | burn in a fire.
               | 
               | But if you can authenticate to a human being, which you
               | can here (after a lot of probing and testing), then the
               | _only thing you need to remember is your borg
               | passphrase_. Or duplicity. Or gpg pipelined through tar
               | ... or whatever.
        
               | mst wrote:
               | Also, for a bunch of cases, you can use something akin to
               | a multi-step ceasar cipher.
               | 
               | Yes, the obvious case of e.g. rot13 isn't exactly helpful
               | security wise, but if you select e.g. 4, 22, 18 as the
               | rotation order now you only need to be able to memorise
               | -that- to get your passphrase back from an otherwise
               | unmarked file lying around in the same (or other)
               | storage.
               | 
               | Obviously, think hard about your threat model for that
               | one, but if (as I keep procrastinating) I ever put
               | backups of such stuff on something like rsync.net I'd
               | give something akin to that approach serious
               | consideration as being an acceptable trade-off overall.
        
       | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
       | Interesting. It seems that there is no digital life. There are
       | bits of information out there that only you can unscramble but
       | there is nothing other than passwords binding these to your
       | identity.
       | 
       | How is this solved in the real world? Gated access and
       | obfuscation? Having a safe that is perfect and indestructible
       | (encryption) only to rely on a flimsy key (yubikey, remembering
       | passwords, etc.) is asking for trouble.
        
       | DeathArrow wrote:
       | I memorized a very long password, so if everything digital burns,
       | breaks or is stollen, I can go online and retrieve the rest of my
       | passwords.
       | 
       | That very long password is made by applying an self made
       | algorithm, so in case I forgot it, I can recreate it.
        
       | pass_throwaway wrote:
       | I don't use a password manager. Instead, I have a formula in my
       | head to generate a unique complex password for each site or
       | online service based on its domain name and some other optional
       | parameters, if the site has password constraints (eg. no special
       | characters, short maximum length).
       | 
       | I have an encrypted plain text file (just a .txt in an encrypted
       | macOS disk image) containing all of the parameters (if any) to
       | generate the passwords for each site, which I keep on Dropbox,
       | accessible at public URL I have memorized. This lets me easily
       | update my password parameters file (open the disk image on my
       | computer, update the .txt file, close the disk image).
        
         | joshstrange wrote:
         | Why not just use a password manager, store the emergency
         | recovery kit in Dropbox or at a public url (encrypt the kit
         | with a password you know)?
        
           | pass_throwaway wrote:
           | In addition to the fact that password managers can be single
           | points of failure for reasons other than credential loss,
           | sometimes I need a password on a device where my password
           | manager is not available (eg. a friend's device).
        
         | moffkalast wrote:
         | This is the way to go imo, password managers sound cool and may
         | prevent password reuse leak problems but what they also are is
         | a single point of failure for all your accounts.
         | 
         | It's swapping a problem that doesn't affect you (especially
         | with 2fa being a thing for everything now) for a much larger
         | critical problem that can seriously screw you.
        
         | AdmiralAsshat wrote:
         | The problem with this technique is that if it's generated
         | algorithmically with no "randomness" to it, someone else can
         | figure it out.
         | 
         | You might be doing everything right, but perhaps your vendor's
         | database gets breached, and your plaintext password for Adobe
         | gets posted on the darkweb. So if someone sees that your
         | plaintext password is "1a2s3d4fAdobe5g6h!", they might then
         | infer how you "construct" your password, and then go try
         | logging into your Amazon account with the same email address
         | and "1a2s3d4fAmazon5g6h!" as the password.
        
           | pass_throwaway wrote:
           | The algorithm is considerably more complicated than that.
           | Somebody would have to get ahold of several of my passwords
           | (and the names of the services they lead to) to figure out my
           | algorithm. For that to happen, someone would have to invest a
           | large amount of resources to specifically target me, in which
           | case I probably have bigger problems to worry about than some
           | relatively low-stakes online accounts getting compromised.
           | For extremely sensitive accounts (eg. bank, primary email) my
           | passwords do not follow this scheme.
           | 
           | Remember, the vast majority of password reuse attacks are
           | automatic credential stuffing, not deliberate, individual
           | targeting.
        
             | kingaillas wrote:
             | Nobody is going to bother with reverse engineering your
             | algorithm, or even bother targeting you individually, when
             | it is orders of magnitudes more likely your passwords will
             | be revealed via a garden variety database breach/leak. That
             | low stakes online account you have? That's also the one
             | likely to have their user account/password database stolen,
             | which was stored plaintext.
             | 
             | Basically the threat model I am worried about is: random
             | website gets hacked and loses its password database. So if
             | criminals hack two such sites and correlate email
             | addresses, they will see two essentially fully random
             | passwords for me. If that happens to you, they might notice
             | a pattern in website url and prefix/postfix characters.
        
               | pass_throwaway wrote:
               | Once that happens, a criminal could notice your password
               | is more of a pattern than a full random password (of
               | typable characters).
               | 
               | But in order to do anything beyond hacking the single
               | compromised account, the criminal would have to reverse
               | engineer my algorithm, which, as you said, nobody would
               | bother doing.
               | 
               | In addition, the algorithm is complex enough that it
               | would be hard for a casual observer to distinguish the
               | embedded domain name from general password randomness.
               | Your scheme ideally would rely on not tying all your
               | accounts together with the same email address
               | 
               | That is true, but this only becomes relevant when an
               | attacker is manually searching for my email across
               | multiple password dumps (as opposed to an automated
               | credential stuffing attack), which means I'm being
               | specifically targeted.
        
               | kingaillas wrote:
               | >which means I'm being specifically targeted
               | 
               | I don't know about that. Various episodes of Darknet
               | Diaries make it clear stolen password databases are
               | searched for any matching email accounts, which of course
               | depends on the motivation level of the attackers. I
               | suspect a simple "check all emails in this one database
               | for a match in the other database" isn't that large of a
               | hurdle. Your average CS101 class might include an extract
               | emails, sort, merge-compare type of assignment.
               | 
               | And yes, like so many others here, you apparently have
               | the goldilocks algorithm. Easy/simple enough for you to
               | generate on the fly yet secure enough to resist all but
               | nation-state attackers.
               | 
               | To that I say - congrats. But the GENERAL advice to the
               | public at large is that the rest of humanity isn't as
               | awesome as you are, and THEIR password generating
               | algorithms of generated characters plus domain name are
               | easily deduced from a single sample, thus making password
               | managers far far superior to protecting against actual
               | real world threats ("crappy website has lousy security
               | and got breached through zero fault of mine") and not the
               | frequently imagined threats ("I am the target of a
               | concerted effort by extremely sophisticated attackers
               | with infinite time/budget").
        
       | giancarlostoro wrote:
       | Random tangent, but do we even need .mobi domains anymore? The
       | web became responsive to mobile, so I fail to see a case where it
       | makes sense, and with Google having made .app it even defeats the
       | idea that they could be used to market apps. Whoever runs that
       | TLD missed the mark there honestly.
        
       | kingcharles wrote:
       | I went to jail. When I got out, of the thousands of online
       | accounts I had created over the previous 20 years I could only
       | get back into about 3 of them.
       | 
       | I'm probably about to return to jail, and now everything is MFA,
       | so I have no idea how to set this up so that my friends and
       | family can get into my accounts. My phone will be dead within
       | weeks, so I'm going to lose my number, which is a primary factor
       | in many logins.
        
       | epigramx wrote:
       | The mistake here, is that 2FA is used in a circular logic hence
       | it's not useful to use it. If you must avoid 2FA being a problem
       | in a situation like this just don't use it; remember a password
       | or otherwise keep it secure; never lose it.
        
       | Andrew_nenakhov wrote:
       | This is a very good example of vulnerability introduced by badly
       | organized security system. One does not keep backup access codes
       | in places which are unavailable in case of a failure of primary
       | access methods. Store your 2FAs in a separate phone kept in a
       | SAFE, a combination to which you do remember. Also, adding 2FA to
       | a password manager is probably excessive, just use a really long
       | password which is easy to remember. Like
       | "HowOn5EarthsCanAPersonForgetHisPazzw0rdToPasswordManager?",
       | that'll be enough.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | avsteele wrote:
         | With no second factor you are vulnerable to anything that could
         | sniff your password. I guess this is fine as long as you never
         | log on from any untrusted machine/location?
        
           | viraptor wrote:
           | Also any phishing you don't notice, or many browser hacks. A
           | good 2fa (u2f, fido) authenticates you to the service, but
           | also verifies the service is what you expect.
        
         | fullstop wrote:
         | The author's codes were kept (on paper) in a safe, but the
         | contents were destroyed in the fire.
        
           | roopepal wrote:
           | Just in case you did not notice, this did not actually
           | happen, it was a hypothetical.
        
       | superultra wrote:
       | I wonder if one workaround isn't to store info like 1Password key
       | and password - not username - in a pdf with a simple, easily
       | remembered password, in an email IMAP account with a similarly
       | easy password? Could even be a bitly link to a Dropbox file.
       | 
       | I know that creates a huge security hole but it's only one if
       | someone else is able to identify which account it applies to.
        
       | tpool wrote:
       | - "Sadly, the fire-proof safe wasn't lightning-strike safe and is
       | now obliterated."
       | 
       | But... the lightning strike caused a fire. That shouldn't mean
       | the fire is "extra hot" or something like that.
       | 
       | I'm disturbed, as I keep these kinds of thing in _my_ fire safe
       | for just such a reason.
        
         | ubermonkey wrote:
         | Fire safes are rated by time and temperature.
         | 
         | A particularly intense house fire could exceed the parameters
         | of one's safe.
        
         | leksak wrote:
         | It was all hypothetical
         | 
         | > In the meantime, please rest assured that my home is still
         | standing. But, if you can, please donate generously to the
         | DEC's Ukraine Humanitarian Appeal
        
         | dav_Oz wrote:
         | For anyone confused about _heat_ and _temperature_ (which in
         | everyday speech get often mixed up) here is a good
         | thermodynamics recap about the definition.[0]
         | 
         | A lightning strike can _heat up_ the air around it because of
         | its relatively high electrical resistance; up to 50k
         | degrees[1].
         | 
         | The change in temperature (average kinetic energy of the air
         | molecules) itself can be seen in the lighting flash (creating
         | for split seconds an awesome "plasma channel", effectively
         | ripping apart the molecules in its dendritic way through
         | hundreds of MV) and consequently heard (if near enough) as a
         | pressure wave, a quick rolling thunder rumble.
         | 
         | Relative to the vast amount of air around a typical lightning
         | discharge event with its characteristic current flow [2] this
         | "temperature" cannot sustain itself so it disperses very
         | quickly. However under the right conditions (flammable
         | materials, humidity etc.) this can jumpstart the chemical
         | process of "burning". Because of the multitude of variables
         | this ain't straightforward [3] as often depicted in movies. So,
         | no the lightning itself cannot "damage" the integrity of a safe
         | but the secondary effects of the environment around it i.e.
         | continuing heat source. (For convenience I've left out the
         | scenarios regarding possible EMP damage and its secondary
         | effects).
         | 
         | [0]https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry/thermodynamics
         | ...
         | 
         | [1]https://www.weather.gov/safety/lightning-temperature
         | 
         | [2]https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6953689/table/e
         | ...
         | 
         | [3]https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6953689/#!po=85
         | ...
        
         | rowanajmarshall wrote:
         | Replace "house hit by lightning" with "house hit by missile
         | strike and now occupied by the Russian Army", a very real
         | scenario nowadays, and you have the same problem again.
        
         | makeitdouble wrote:
         | As a LockPickingLawyer fan, I sometimes wonder if these "fire-
         | proof" safes would actually withstand a fire, as there is so
         | much bullshit labelling going on.
        
         | ipsi wrote:
         | Well, this article is a hypothetical, but fire-proof safes are,
         | like anything with "proof" in the name, _not_ fire-proof,
         | merely fire-resistant. It 's theoretically possible for a
         | lightning to strike in the worst possible place and trigger an
         | unusually hot fire, one that exceeds the maximum tolerance for
         | your safe. House fires can apparently hit 1500F, and if you've
         | cheaped out on your safe then you might be in trouble (e.g.,
         | the Amazon Basics Fire Safe "can protect your belongings at
         | 1200 F for 20 minutes").
        
         | altairprime wrote:
         | The 2017 Tubbs wildfire burned so hot that it melted fireproof
         | safes, as I understand it. Something about 50-100mph winds and
         | incompetent forest fuel management making the fire burn extra
         | hot?
        
         | Filligree wrote:
         | A fire-proof safe is a safe which won't be destroyed by a fire.
         | 
         | That doesn't mean it won't heat up.
        
           | netsharc wrote:
           | That would violate the laws of thermodynamics...
           | 
           | They usually have a rating of how much fire heat they can
           | sustain before the insides get uncomfortable for paper...
        
             | abofh wrote:
             | About 420 degrees, the question is duration, not
             | temperature.
        
       | Zachsa999 wrote:
       | Use a password manager to that allows custom encrypted vault
       | storage, and gives the installer for free.
       | 
       | Use a basic password to store the vault and installer offsite,
       | with a memorized string of random words that fit together in such
       | a way that you will not forget, bury a paper in your garden.
       | 
       | I recently caught myself hosting a password manager on a home
       | server, with the data stored in sql on the same machine both
       | credentials of which were on the self-hosted server.
       | 
       | Be careful with your passwords folks
        
       | pif wrote:
       | > All my passwords are stored in a Password Manager.
       | 
       | And that is the problem!
       | 
       | I've never bought the hype about a different password for each
       | service. I've 4 passwords in total, sorted by importance, and
       | each new service gets the one most appropriate according to the
       | data it manages.
       | 
       | So, having Hacker News pirated means my Quora account is at risk:
       | so what?
       | 
       | And really important stuff (read: banks) is protected by two-
       | factor authentication anyway.
       | 
       | > In the boring analogue world - I am pretty sure that I'd be
       | able to convince a human that I am who I say I am.
       | 
       | Not really, if you have spent your whole life introducing you as
       | "qjkhgjbhjhgjhgj" to one person and "opiqnbasvwnezc" to the
       | other.
        
         | bigDinosaur wrote:
         | This literally is saying that if someone compromises one of the
         | passwords you use for all the important stuff like banking,
         | they've literally just gained access to every important account
         | you have which can be life changing in a very bad way.
         | 
         | Props on using four passwords instead of just one, though.
        
           | pif wrote:
           | > And really important stuff (read: banks) is protected by
           | two-factor authentication anyway.
        
             | bigDinosaur wrote:
             | Still a bad idea, you're leaking information for social
             | engineering attacks either against you or the company
             | holding your account.
             | 
             | Anyway your 2FA is acting to make your passwords actually
             | unique, in a sense, I suppose. Not that I'd necessarily
             | trust it on its own.
        
               | pif wrote:
               | The worst information leaks are passwords written on a
               | post-it, and they are usually the outcome of obnoxious
               | safety rules.
        
         | emaro wrote:
         | > I've never bought the hype about a different password for
         | each service.
         | 
         | It's not a hype. Any reasonable security expert will recommend
         | you this. Because passwords evidentially get leaked. And most
         | people are (I'm sure you aren't) vulnerable to social
         | engineering, especially if the attacker has access to other
         | accounts like HN or Quora.
         | 
         | I surely hope that you don't reuse the password of your email
         | account.
        
           | pif wrote:
           | > I surely hope that you don't reuse the password of your
           | email account.
           | 
           | That one is very important for me and is not reused at the
           | moment.
           | 
           | > Any reasonable security expert will recommend you this.
           | 
           | Not when you get to the point that you cannot manage them in
           | your head any more, and you need one more service (or piece
           | of hardware) that you need to protect (via a password and/or
           | physically).
        
         | fzeroracer wrote:
         | > So, having Hacker News pirated means my Quora account is at
         | risk: so what?
         | 
         | This is all well and good until you encounter hackers that sell
         | off your account(s) for spam or other malicious reasons and
         | pretend to be you while doing whatever illegal services or
         | transactions you can think of. If you can't think of reasons
         | why hackers can't make your life hell when they get access to
         | your accounts then you're not thinking hard or creatively
         | enough.
        
       | MarkusWandel wrote:
       | My digital life isn't as cloud-based. Most of it is in locally
       | stored files. For example, my Gmail account is synced to a local
       | Thunderbird instance and all my photo and video storage is local.
       | 
       | I have two sets of backup hard disks (each set is a current one,
       | and an old one, both of which get synced; the old one only with
       | the more important stuff since it is smaller). Both sets are LUKS
       | encrypted. One set lives in the filing cabinet at the office
       | (during the COVID lockdown it was at a friend's house). An
       | automatic nag system bugs me if either set hasn't been updated
       | for 40 days.
       | 
       | Updating them is semi-manual. Plug them in, enter the decryption
       | code, run a script stored on the disk itself that gathers all the
       | data - from all over my LAN - that needs backing up. When it's
       | done, unmount and unplug the disk. Make sure one set is always
       | offsite - update set A, take it to the office, store it there,
       | bring set B home, update it.
       | 
       | It's not perfect. If the sort of disaster in this article were to
       | strike, I'd potentially not have the last month's data. But I
       | would have all my passwords (backed up on these disks) and if I
       | had something that gives a last-resort recovery code, that too
       | would be on there - in a separately encrypted sub-filesystem that
       | I know the password to. This is so the super sensitive stuff
       | isn't even decrypted fulltime on my home machine.
       | 
       | I should have readable copies of all the important physical
       | documents and cards in this separately encrypted subfolder too,
       | but currently don't.
        
         | ClumsyPilot wrote:
         | Why use such drives instead of like a NAS that you can access
         | remotely? Isn't this more hasstle?
        
           | 0xCMP wrote:
           | It is likely to protect against accidental or malicious
           | modification of the data. eg ransomware.
           | 
           | Also not being "in use" makes it less likely to have a
           | mechanical failure.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | Off-line backups prevent entire classes of issues; for
           | example, off-line backups can't be destroyed by a virus or
           | ransomware attack.
        
           | MarkusWandel wrote:
           | To me these hard disks are one step removed from optical
           | backups, which I used to make. The more "offline" the better.
           | Even the currently local set is kept unplugged between
           | updates. Also keeping a NAS at another location means having
           | internet access at that location. The work network/firewall
           | would not permit this use, for one thing.
        
       | 0x53 wrote:
       | I use a variation of the USB to a friend method that I call
       | horcruxing. Several USBs distributed to different friends that
       | contain enough info for me to get back into my cloud synced
       | password manage (plus a copy of all the passwords I have at that
       | time). The USB is encrypted with a password I have memorized.
        
       | devit wrote:
       | You are supposed to have an offsite backup that you can decrypt
       | with only a password you remember, precisely in case this
       | happens.
        
       | kalleboo wrote:
       | Two-factor authentication terrifies me.
       | 
       | For my bank from my country of origin that I maintain, I get a
       | battery-powered RSA token. From that I can generate a mobile 2FA
       | token in an app that I can use to log in for day-to-day
       | transaction. If I lose the devices with the 2FA token, I have to
       | pray that that CR2032 is still alive or I lose access to that
       | account until I spend thousands of dollars on international
       | flights (replacing the battery resets the device)
        
         | tragictrash wrote:
         | It shouldn't. You can just use authy, which allows you to
         | onboard devices using your phone number, and then a password to
         | decrypt the existing entries. If you use 2fa with authy,
         | remember that password, and remember your password Manager's
         | password, something like this scenario won't ruin your life.
        
           | kalleboo wrote:
           | My bank doesn't use TOTP but rather the Swedish BankID system
           | for 2FA
        
           | jimmydorry wrote:
           | You open yourself up to a much more devastating attack vector
           | though: sim swapping.
           | 
           | If someone can convince the human at the other end of the
           | line that they are you and that they lost their phone, in
           | most countries and with most telco's, they will be able to
           | get up and running with a new SIM with _YOUR_ number.
           | 
           | Resettting your Authy password via SMS is then just a step
           | away.
        
             | avh02 wrote:
             | Yeah i stopped using authy the first time a token was
             | automatically seeded this way (may have been another way,
             | but it was automatic and I didn't like it because I was
             | also using the seed on my Pebble which i could then no
             | longer do with this method). i prefer manual control over
             | stuff like that and definitely don't want it assuming some
             | magic is okay.
        
             | unethical_ban wrote:
             | I don't believe you are correct. I believe an existing
             | installation of Authy is required.
             | 
             | >Can I reset my Backup Password?
             | 
             | > Yes, it is possible to reset your Backup Password by
             | tapping on Change Password in the Backup Password area of
             | the Settings menu within the Authy app. You will have to
             | ensure all 2FA account tokens are decrypted on your device
             | (No red lock icons). Once a user resets their Backup
             | Password on a device, all other devices with the Authy app
             | for this user's Authy account will require entering this
             | new Backup Password.
             | 
             | https://support.authy.com/hc/en-
             | us/articles/360036077534-Aut...
        
             | jackson1442 wrote:
             | You can reconfigure Authy to require an existing device to
             | let you in as well. It won't prevent the "absolutely
             | everything is fried" case but it's better than most
             | password managers.
             | 
             | If someone tries to use SMS/Voice to activate Authy on my
             | account it just gets rejected.
        
             | gtsteve wrote:
             | Authy requires a backups password to restore, or least it
             | can be configured to. Of course, hopefully you remember it
             | in a disaster situation. If you have a cloud password
             | manager you can end up in a chicken and egg situation.
        
             | mst wrote:
             | I am, on the whole, more concerned about self-DoS via fire
             | or similar disaster than I am about sim swapping.
             | 
             | Other people's threat models will certainly differ though,
             | and whether mine is well chosen is certainly open to
             | question.
        
           | atleta wrote:
           | Google authenticator will also backup your keys to the google
           | cloud so installing it on a new device will just work.
           | You'll, of course, need to remember your google account
           | password and not set it up with authenticator as the second
           | factor.
           | 
           | (I don't know much about authy, I only use it to access m
           | sendgrid account, but I didn't like the fact that it used SMS
           | for setting up or restoring an account.)
        
           | tluyben2 wrote:
           | With 'old' banks (and other systems that use these tokens)
           | with a physical token, you can (often?) not do that.
        
         | usrn wrote:
         | IMO the primary reason they're pushing 2FA is for the people
         | who are careless enough to eg log into their personal email on
         | their work computer.
         | 
         | I wish there was an exam you could take that would get you a
         | "computing license" that you could show to bypass a lot of this
         | stuff.
        
           | MetaWhirledPeas wrote:
           | > eg log into their personal email on their work computer
           | 
           | Can you elaborate on the specific risk here?
        
           | heretogetout wrote:
           | It can also reduce fraud reports -- if a transaction was
           | authenticated with 2FA then it's less likely the fraud claim
           | is legit and more likely it can be tossed.
        
           | Gigachad wrote:
           | Enforcing 2FA is the most effective security rule ever
           | created. Vastly more effective than password rules, rotation,
           | user education, any anything else ever tried.
           | 
           | With 2FA, almost all of the traditional attacks are
           | impossible and the only one left is specially crafted fake
           | login pages.
        
             | usrn wrote:
             | Meh.
             | 
             | You're right when you're dealing with large groups of
             | people which is exactly what I said in my original comment.
             | If you understand these issues passwords on their own are
             | fine. 2FA has some nasty edge cases that make it very easy
             | to lose access to your account (which is what everyone in
             | this thread is talking about.) So as always you're
             | balancing security and availability. For some people the
             | proper balance means just password authentication makes
             | sense.
             | 
             | The best IMO would be client side certificates but no one
             | except maybe Github supports those.
        
               | LocalPCGuy wrote:
               | No, passwords on their own are never "enough" for you to
               | be secure as you only control your side of the equation.
               | You don't know if the place you are storing it is doing
               | so in plain text, storing a decryption key right next to
               | it, etc. Even if you are careful (I know what you said
               | above), the network you are on could be compromised
               | despite your best efforts/knowledge. Or any number of
               | other things that could make it trivial for someone to
               | gain access to your account in the event they gain access
               | to simply the password.
               | 
               | I don't claim 2FA is perfect, it has its own host of
               | issues as is being discussed. But it isn't just for "the
               | masses that don't understand how to make strong passwords
               | or how to be secure". Certs are good, but they need to be
               | made simpler than they are now for the very people you
               | claim 2FA is for or they won't be adopted (one of the
               | reasons they aren't more ubiquitous, IMO). And some certs
               | implementations have issues with account recovery as well
               | if you lose access to them.
               | 
               | It's a really hard problem that you do a bit of
               | disservice to when you dismiss it as "just a problem of
               | the plebes".
        
               | envy2 wrote:
               | > You don't know if the place you are storing it is doing
               | so in plain text, storing a decryption key right next to
               | it, etc.
               | 
               | Any service that is storing passwords in plain text is
               | probably not implementing 2FA in an safe way, either.
        
               | LocalPCGuy wrote:
               | That really isn't an argument against my point, that it's
               | very hard to verify what is happening once you click
               | submit with your password.
        
           | IAmNotAFix wrote:
           | > careless enough to eg log into their personal email on
           | their work computer.
           | 
           | Can you explain why that is an issue?
        
             | bbarnett wrote:
             | Employers keylog. How safe are those logs, for one?
        
             | recursive wrote:
             | A lot of work computers MiTM all traffic using a corporate
             | certificate authority. A middle box tears apart the
             | requests, and repacks it using its own cert.
        
         | causi wrote:
         | I would suggest keeping an eye on the voltage with a meter and
         | when it starts to drop solder on a second battery while you
         | replace the first, the same way people replace game cartridge
         | batteries without losing SRAM saves.
        
           | tgsovlerkhgsel wrote:
           | That's a great recipe to fumble and accidentally reset the
           | device.
        
             | causi wrote:
             | How? The original battery provides power while you're
             | soldering on the backup and the backup is solidly soldered
             | on while you swap out the original. How could you be so
             | clumsy you rip out a solder joint?
        
               | kalleboo wrote:
               | What if it's only held in by the case itself and not a
               | clip? Then I'd disconnect it simply by opening the
               | device?
        
               | causi wrote:
               | Since you knew it was a CR2032 I assumed you were already
               | familiar with it.
        
               | kalleboo wrote:
               | I just guessed by the physical size of the device. I
               | guess it could be a smaller coin cell as well.
        
               | shoghicp wrote:
               | You are correct. Those BankID physical devices have
               | tamper switches that erase RAM on device opening.
               | 
               | An alternative is debit card bankid (as a smartcard, then
               | add Mobile BankID back), but it's being deprecated soon.
        
           | jbarberu wrote:
           | A bit OT, but at least for the Game Boy you can pop the
           | cartridge (front of the case off) into a console (GBA is
           | especially good as it only covers part of the cart), power it
           | on and then replace the battery. The game save will remain.
           | Or you can use something like the GB Operator and backup the
           | game save, replace the battery and then rewrite it to the
           | cart :)
        
         | unethical_ban wrote:
         | 2FA can be "backed up" by either using a 2FA soft token program
         | that allows for backups, like 2faone or Authy, OR by the
         | services themselves granting backup codes for emergencies. For
         | my threat profile, I have no problem storing my 2FA backup
         | passwords/codes in my master password safe. If that is
         | compromised, I was doomed anyway.
         | 
         | If a service does not allow the use of "generic" TOTP ala Authy
         | or Google Authenticator, AND it does not allow for one time use
         | backup codes, then I do not use 2FA with that service unless
         | required. My main bank forces the use of their own built in 2FA
         | (Symantec VIP on the backend) which pisses me off. My work uses
         | Okta and RSA. Oh well.
        
           | kalleboo wrote:
           | Pretty much all the banks in my country (Sweden) use a local
           | national digital ID system called BankID which is issued by
           | the banks themselves to mobile devices as a second factor and
           | gets tied to your national ID number (and once issued by your
           | bank is used by your bank, other banks, the government for
           | tax filing/address change/receiving official mail digitally
           | instead of physically, signing contracts for e.g. apartments,
           | and even retailers to address auto-fill).
           | 
           | All the banks I know of require 2FA in the form of either a
           | physical, battery-powered RSA token (sometimes in the form of
           | a EMV card reader) or a valid BankID.
           | 
           | The assumption is you live in the country and can just visit
           | a branch if you have any trouble, which works for 99% of
           | customers. But not for me.
        
         | BruiseLee wrote:
         | I lost access to my bank account in UK because my token ran out
         | of battery. The only way to fix this is to fly to London and
         | show up in person. This is a pain because I can't even figure
         | out my account balance - and this is something I must report
         | for U.S. taxes.
        
           | Macha wrote:
           | There's a youtuber/streamer I sometimes watch, an American
           | living in Ukraine until the war. She fled to Portugal when
           | the invasion started, and paid for an item with her credit
           | card enroute. This triggered an automated lockout from the
           | card suddenly being used abroad.
           | 
           | The bank's bureaucracy advised her to unlock it she needed to
           | go in person to her home branch in Ukraine (which has a
           | decent chance of being a pile of rubble given her
           | neighbourhood was hit by shelling in the time after she
           | left).
        
           | lowercased wrote:
           | Similar thing happened here to my wife (US, bank in UK). "We
           | don't send those out any more, just use your phone". But...
           | a) my wife didn't have a phone at the time (not one capable
           | of running their only supported version of their app) and ...
           | one of the signup questions was asking about bank balance
           | (or... recent transactions, etc) - but... there's been no
           | recent transactions and we don't know the balance because...
           | we can't log in.
           | 
           | This was... ~ 6-7 months ago. I'm unsure what options are
           | left, or... if my wife sorted it out (she did recently get a
           | newer iphone, and that may have been able to get it sorted).
        
             | userabchn wrote:
             | The Bank of America app only lets you install it if your
             | Google (or presumably Apple) account country is set as
             | America. I am abroad but needed to use the app. I had to
             | create a VPN on an American cloud instance and connect my
             | phone to it so that I could set my country to America and
             | install the app.
        
             | ratww wrote:
             | Similar experience here, but when using the mobile app.
             | 
             | My bank in my country of origin also used to use a token,
             | but they changed to a "token app" in the phone about 10
             | years ago.
             | 
             | However to authorise this app I had to use an ATM. Since
             | this bank only has ATMs in one country, this means I
             | couldn't lose or trade my phone.
             | 
             | After I moved I kept a super old iPhone in a drawer only
             | for this bank, but at some point the app kept threatening
             | me to upgrade, otherwise it would stop working in the next
             | version. But I couldn't upgrade because my decade-old phone
             | was too old for the new version.
             | 
             | Since even blocking my debit card via phone required using
             | the "token app" (something incomprehensible to me), it
             | became too risky to keep this account.
             | 
             | At this point I had no recourse but to close the account.
        
       | ricardobeat wrote:
       | Keep OTP recovery codes in a separate online account (rarely
       | used) with a strong password you can memorize. This lets you
       | recover accounts even if all your devices are gone.
        
         | jjnoakes wrote:
         | I think for most people, a rarely used account with a strong
         | password would be very hard to memorize for a long time.
        
       | kilroy123 wrote:
       | This is one of my great fears. I'm a nomad and all my possessions
       | are in two bags I carry around with me from country to country.
       | It's much easier for this to happen to me.
       | 
       | Not sure what the solution is?
       | 
       | In the past I've tucked away a piece of paper with recover codes
       | on it at a family members house. So in such an emergency I could
       | call them up and tell them where it is.
       | 
       | I should really do that again.
        
         | Comevius wrote:
         | Recovery codes can be stored publicly, but deniably on the
         | internet. It would be like finding a hay in a haystack. No need
         | to call anyone, just download a picture of a cat and decrypt
         | it.
        
           | ClumsyPilot wrote:
           | This is a cool idea and I've been contemplating it myself -
           | but if you don't control the picture, whay if someone chabges
           | it or recompresses it, then its binary changes and you are
           | screwed.
           | 
           | You are better off with a famous historical text, like in
           | 'invincible' they sued Frankenstein. But it has to be with a
           | clear and indusputed original, not something that has mutiple
           | translations.
           | 
           | What if _drumroll_ its a good uisecase for blockchain? Like
           | use hash of block number 200 or smth.
        
             | Comevius wrote:
             | Not exactly how it works, steganography can produce a
             | plaintext, picture or whatever as a cover for the
             | ciphertext, but the cover is not going to be identical to
             | the original. Consequently steganalysis will be able to
             | recover the ciphertext.
             | 
             | But with deniable steganography you can use a fake key to
             | decrypt the ciphertext, so the guy standing behind you with
             | a $5 wrench can see that you have nothing to hide.
        
         | doctorhandshake wrote:
         | When I was nomadic I traveled with my 1pass master password
         | (and that only, no other context) on a laminated card in the
         | zippered 'hidden' pouch of a travel belt meant to hide money. I
         | figured I might get mugged by someone who knew to look there
         | but that I could perhaps hope to convince them that the card
         | was worthless and keep it even if they took my devices, cards,
         | and cash.
        
         | nicbou wrote:
         | What about snail mail to a relative?
        
         | alexpotato wrote:
         | I would imagine you could reach an agreement with a digital
         | savvy lawyer (or law firm) to provide a service to:
         | 
         | - store important information - have human processes to get you
         | access if needed
        
           | lupire wrote:
           | This is called "escrow" and is extremely common.
        
         | joshstrange wrote:
         | If you use something like 1Password maybe setup an email
         | address only you know about that you send yourself (from the
         | new email) an encrypted zip with your 1Password Emergency
         | Vault? Then you have 3 bits of data (4 if you don't save your
         | master password which we can assume you know) protecting your
         | backup: account name, account password, zip password, and vault
         | master password.
        
       | oefrha wrote:
       | 2FA with password manager is pretty much asking for trouble. Any
       | compromise that is capable of leaking my master password can't be
       | stopped by a second factor.
        
         | sph wrote:
         | What do you mean? I need both my Yubikey and my password to log
         | in to my password manager. If my master password gets leaked
         | somehow, they still need my Yubikey, which is on my person at
         | all times.
         | 
         | The CIA could infiltrate my house when I'm sleeping and steal
         | my Yubikey, but any other idiot on the internet that wants my
         | data has no chance, which is what I'm most concerned about.
        
           | SnowflakeOnIce wrote:
           | I suspect they are thinking of TOTP-based schemes for 2fa,
           | not hardware-based 2fa. With TOTP-based 2fa, you can store
           | the seeds in your password manager, which ends putting them
           | next to the passwords themselves, all in one place.
        
           | oefrha wrote:
           | To leak my master password, "any other idiot on the internet"
           | needs to do one of four things: (1) backdoor my password
           | manager; (2) install a keylogger to capture it while I'm
           | typing it in; (3) somehow grab a copy of the encrypted
           | database and crack it offline; (4) read my mind. (1) is game
           | over; (2) with that level of access they can also steal
           | everything while the password manager is unlocked; (3) with
           | offline cracking, any 2FA protection just extends the
           | password, and my master password is strong enough for any
           | idiot on the Internet; (4) can't defend against magic.
        
             | sph wrote:
             | Sorry, I'm not sure I follow. First you say that 2FA is
             | useless if someone gets your master password, which is
             | wrong, now you argue that stealing a master password is
             | very hard.
             | 
             | What exactly is your point?
        
               | oefrha wrote:
               | I outlined all the scenarios where the master password
               | can be stolen. In none of the scenarios does a 2FA offer
               | additional protection.
        
               | sph wrote:
               | Yes it does, because 2FA means you need BOTH the master
               | password and the second factor device to log in. Stealing
               | the password is not enough. That is the point of 2FA.
        
               | oefrha wrote:
               | The point is in none of the scenarios 2FA isn't
               | compromised at the same time or is even needed (except in
               | the offline cracking case, where cracking password +
               | token is harder than cracking just password, but with a
               | reasonable password both are practically impossible).
               | Read again. Consider realistic attack vectors instead of
               | repeating dogma.
        
               | fzeroracer wrote:
               | 2FA, especially hardware based 2FA protects you from
               | scenarios that could involve leaking of your passwords
               | (such as many common MITM attacks, phishing, spoofing)
               | and makes cracking a DB incredibly hard for your average
               | hacker if they somehow get their hands on it. And you
               | would have to define a 'reasonable password' because I
               | could guarantee what you consider reasonable is orders of
               | magnitude easier to crack than a 2FA + password solution.
               | It objectively reduces the amount of attack vectors to
               | gain access to your accounts.
               | 
               | Calling it dogma when 2FA has known security advantages
               | is just wrong.
        
       | rvieira wrote:
       | It's not perfect (nothing is?) but to ease my 2FA fears I keep
       | two copies.
       | 
       | One on authenticator app on my mobile.
       | 
       | Another as keepassXC TOPT entries in a file in a USB stick.
       | 
       | To have a perfect mirror requires adding both (mobile and
       | keepassXC) when enabling 2FA for the first time, as few services
       | allow to see the 2FA key after enabling it.
        
       | ductsurprise wrote:
       | How many times this happened to you?
        
       | throwaway72937 wrote:
       | Almost all of my digital life is in three places: 1) Google 2)
       | Dropbox and 3) LastPass
       | 
       | I make it a point to pay for all of these, even though the free
       | tier might have been good enough. I hope (maybe naively) that
       | will help me get to a human if some disaster happens.
        
         | ClumsyPilot wrote:
         | I like how we have to hope your money will get you what you
         | paid for.
         | 
         | We really need to eatablish precedent that this state of
         | affaira is not acceptable.
        
       | RalfWausE wrote:
       | Something like this DID happen to me a few years ago... but
       | really? If i don't regard the lost documents (ID, drivers
       | license, ownership documents...) took me a few months to get
       | newly issued and there is still a gmail and amazon account out
       | there i will perhaps never be able to log in again there was
       | really no big problem.
       | 
       | This is also the incident that convinced me to NEVER leave my
       | current bank: I am at a tiny, tiny local bank with perhaps 50
       | employees... so, they did know me and it was no problem to get
       | money and a new set of cards. The funny thing is: Before that
       | incident i was contemplating about moving to a more modern bank
       | which offers an app...
        
         | the_af wrote:
         | > _i will perhaps never be able to log in again there was
         | really no big problem._
         | 
         | If you use Google as your identity provider and Gmail as your
         | recovery (or registration) email for every online service you
         | use, it's a big problem.
         | 
         | Remember: you don't remember all those passwords (if you do,
         | they are probably weak) so you need the recovery email. But you
         | cannot access your email, because you lost both your phone and
         | 2FA to log in elsewhere. So it's not just Gmail, it's every
         | online thing you use.
         | 
         | But maybe you don't use Google and Gmail like this. Maybe you
         | have a separate username/password for every single online
         | thing. Ok... what were those passwords again?
        
           | RalfWausE wrote:
           | In some instances i could remember the password in others...
           | now, i just created a new account if i did think i would need
           | the service. Overall, even if i did not gain ANY of this
           | accounts back it wouldnt really harm my life. I would have to
           | recreate some stuff from memory, find some other providers,
           | all things considered it would have been more of an
           | inconvenience than a real problem.
        
             | the_af wrote:
             | Some of these accounts may be services you sank real money
             | into. Say, Steam or iTunes or whatnot. Or maybe you've
             | built a reputation out of these accounts. Maybe you lost
             | access to a blog or some other thing where you wrote or
             | stored important stuff that matters to you.
             | 
             | If your stance is "hey, it doesn't matter if I lose all
             | access to my online life" then yes, I can see why this
             | wouldn't be a problem _for you_.
             | 
             | This article wasn't meant for you then, but for the rest of
             | us.
        
               | RalfWausE wrote:
               | The morale of the story from my perspective is: Dont rely
               | on online services. Anyone should remember: A cloud is
               | nothing else than vapour...
        
           | ClumsyPilot wrote:
           | Stop using GMail, use a real company with real customer
           | support.
           | 
           | Even the cheapest, randomest local email provider from
           | fasthosts to namecheap have people that will talk to yoy and
           | fix problems.
           | 
           | Microsoft outlook has real support too.
        
             | the_af wrote:
             | I don't understand this answer.
             | 
             | Let's say you are using Microsoft as your identity provider
             | (can this be done? never seen it) and Outlook as your
             | recovery email. How does this help in this scenario:
             | 
             | - You lost your phone and laptop.
             | 
             | - You lost your 2FA device.
             | 
             | - You lost your recovery codes.
             | 
             | - You lost any way of demonstrating you are who you say you
             | are.
             | 
             | How is Microsoft Outlook going to help you? Are you going
             | to call a Microsoft support person over somebody else's
             | phone and tell them to please help you? I don't think the
             | problem is _Google_ in this scenario (I 've no love of
             | them, mind you).
             | 
             | Asking people to stop using Google and Gmail strikes me as
             | unrealistic as asking them to stop using Facebook.
        
               | jackson1442 wrote:
               | The biggest benefit of a paid email provider is you have
               | a paid stake in it. If you're locked out, you're still
               | paying for the service so they have an interest in
               | restoring your access so you continue paying.
               | 
               | A lot of places will let you back in if you can provide
               | some transaction metadata like last charge date, billing
               | address, last4 of card, etc.
        
               | vorpalhex wrote:
               | Oh, when you call support they will go through a
               | verification process. Worst case you send them a copy of
               | your (new) drivers license/photo ID. As long as the
               | person on the other end is a human, this isn't a problem
               | but if you are facing Google which has no support, you
               | are screwed.
               | 
               | > as unrealistic as asking them to stop using Facebook.
               | 
               | I don't use Facebook. Not an issue. Several family
               | members also don't use it. I keep in touch with people by
               | calling them by phone every few weeks.
        
               | the_af wrote:
               | > _if you are facing Google which has no support, you are
               | screwed_
               | 
               | I agree Google has enough horror stories that make me
               | dread the day disaster decides to strike.
               | 
               | I do have the suspicion their support is not entirely
               | automated though. There are online groups of "volunteers"
               | where, if you post asking for help and provide _some_
               | evidence, your request will be magically expedited. This
               | makes me think Google 's official stance is "no human
               | support", but really there is _some_ unofficial support.
               | Still terrible, but something to consider.
               | 
               | > _I don 't use Facebook_
               | 
               | That's why I said what's unrealistic is asking people to
               | _stop_ using Facebook. For people who already use it.
               | 
               | As an aside, having people call me on the phone every two
               | weeks just to see how I'm doing sounds like an annoyance
               | to me.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | I am talking spesifically about email - with namecheap
               | you can literally show them your ID document, they have
               | your phone number on file and they can call you. They
               | have to help you access the service you paid for,
               | otherwise you have grounds for a lawsuit.
               | 
               | I have not tried this with microsoft, but ai imagine it
               | should be similar.
               | 
               | There is nothing special about Gmail, why do you have to
               | use it?
               | 
               | I had this warning 14 years ago when a friend's gmail was
               | stolen and their support (back when they had it) refused
               | to lift a finger despite him selding a scan of his ID,
               | etc. I am never using free service for something vital
               | again.
        
               | the_af wrote:
               | > _There is nothing special about Gmail, why do you have
               | to use it?_
               | 
               | I'm terrified of Google's support, but:
               | 
               | - It's free.
               | 
               | - I've been using Gmail for over a decade. Why would I
               | switch? I've tons of data in there, and most people I
               | care about know this is my email.
               | 
               | > _they have your phone number on file and they can call
               | you_
               | 
               | Do you mean the phone I just lost in the fire? (in this
               | scenario)
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | > would I switch? I've tons of data in there, and most
               | people I care about know this is my email.
               | 
               | Surely fact that you have a lot of data is precisely the
               | reason you need to safeguard it?
               | 
               | Copying all old emails to a new account takes a few
               | clicks in outlook/thunderbird/whatever you prefer
               | 
               | Setting up forwarding takes a couple minutes. This isn't
               | like leaving WhatsApp where you are stuck
               | 
               | > Do you mean the phone I just lost in the fire?
               | 
               | I can walk into a physical store of my phone company and
               | have a new simcard in minutes
        
               | the_af wrote:
               | > _I can walk into a physical store of my phone company
               | and have a new simcard in minutes_
               | 
               | This doesn't work in all countries.
               | 
               | > _Setting up forwarding takes a couple minutes. This isn
               | 't like leaving WhatsApp where you are stuck_
               | 
               | I find this unsatisfying. In this day an age, your email
               | is often your id. I don't feel comfortable with my id
               | being one thing to some people, and another to others,
               | without rhyme or reason. I'm also not comfortable with
               | having forward configured in an (allegedly) unsafe
               | account I may lose access to.
        
               | vorpalhex wrote:
               | If Google locked your email tomorrow, what would you do?
               | 
               | This can and does happen.
        
               | the_af wrote:
               | I don't know, and it terrifies me. I don't have a good
               | answer to this. This is why TFA resonates with me.
               | 
               | I think we need some sort of unified online identity that
               | is relatively easy to recover in case of accidents but
               | very hard for hackers to crack/steal, and also that this
               | identity cannot depend on the whims of Google, Facebook,
               | Microsoft or any corporate provider with arbitrary and
               | opaque appeals procedures.
               | 
               | I don't know what a truly achievable and satisfying
               | answer would be like. I've lost some sleep over this :(
               | 
               | And don't get me started on backups of irreplaceable
               | digital things like photos of your loved ones. I've
               | really lost sleep over this. I do have some backups, but
               | it's a chore and none are foolproof.
        
               | vorpalhex wrote:
               | I'll share my solution.
               | 
               | I have "recovery capsules". Some are electronic (high
               | quality usb drive) and some are dead tree on waterproof
               | paper. These get me back into my password manager and
               | require things I know to decrypt. USB drive contains
               | needed decryption software for lots of platforms. This
               | bootstrap data almost never changes.
               | 
               | Emails, clouds, photos, etc get backed up automatically
               | onto a homelab which stores data on ZFS. I manually do a
               | backup (semi-automated, plugging in the drive to the dock
               | is manual still).
               | 
               | I had a buddy I exchanged backups with but lost that
               | situation, so I need to find a new one or two, but that
               | gives me offsite backup.
               | 
               | Admittedly this isn't perfect - if my local city melts
               | then I am screwed but also I probably have bigger
               | problems then anyways.
        
         | wintermutestwin wrote:
         | >Before that incident i was contemplating about moving to a
         | more modern bank which offers an app...
         | 
         | I use two tiny credit unions and each of them offers an app.
        
       | causi wrote:
       | It's almost comedic that the point of backups is to remove the
       | single point of failure and then security paranoia creates new
       | ones.
       | 
       |  _Perhaps what I should have done is stored all my backup codes
       | and recovery keys on a USB stick and then given them to a
       | friend?_
       | 
       | If you're going to be _that_ secure, put them on a USB stick and
       | bury it in your yard or in the hollow of a tree. Easier to update
       | and won 't be destroyed when your house burns down.
        
         | pcthrowaway wrote:
         | This obviously requires you to have a yard, which is probably
         | not that common for city dwellers (even people renting houses
         | shouldn't really be digging up their yard, and if you live in a
         | duplex quadplex, you're sharing that yard with some number of
         | neighbours of varying trustworthiness)
        
           | foobarian wrote:
           | I wonder if you could just store a microSD card in a weather
           | proof container taped or attached magnetically to the
           | underside of a bench or other urban fixture. Place 5-6 of
           | them for redundancy and keep them up to date.
        
         | jerf wrote:
         | While I've yet to have this problem, I've actually been
         | mentally keeping track of my ability to bootstrap back up.
         | LastPass is trying to get me to add TOTP or other 2FA, but even
         | though it promises (for now) that my master password can still
         | get me in, I've resisted, because the password manager is my
         | linchpin, and I _need_ to be able to get in there just with
         | "what I remember", and I don't want another way in where I'm
         | not continually practicing that and keeping the memory fresh.
         | 
         | I also every so often take a backup of the LastPass DB and put
         | it on my local Nextcloud, which get encrypted backup to S3
         | every night.
         | 
         | 2FA is a lot less scary at work, where I have administrators
         | and coworkers who can vouch for me face-to-face and reset it if
         | necessary. I feel like there isn't a widespread understanding
         | that personal authentication is a much harder problem than
         | corporate authentication for that reason. It is easy to end up
         | accidentally webbing together all your personal authentication
         | until your current phone is your one and only token. Heck, with
         | all the 2FA flying around now it's probably possible to get
         | yourself into a situation where the only way to authenticate is
         | using something else you're already authenticated to and you
         | can't bootstrap back up if that expires unexpectedly. If we're
         | not there we're getting close.
        
         | 369548684892826 wrote:
         | Another thing - flash storage that hasn't been powered up for a
         | few years will probably have lost data. Better to get backup
         | codes down on paper.
        
           | aaronmdjones wrote:
           | Large-capacity flash drives are very cheap; and you can write
           | the same data (e.g. archive files) many times to the same
           | drive to guard against some filesystem or file-level
           | corruption.
           | 
           | There are also tools like par2(1) that can create parity
           | recovery data for files; you could write those many times
           | too.
           | 
           | My online backup solution that backs up the root filesystem
           | for all of my machines generates a rolling tarball of that
           | and then creates par2 recovery data for that tarball at 10%
           | redundancy, and keeps 30 days of tarballs in addition to the
           | current snapshot of the filesystem itself. This is because I
           | store them on high-capacity spinning rust drives, which do
           | have a small but non-zero data error rate.
           | 
           | Additionally, forensic tools like photorec(1) can recover
           | these files even from severely damaged filesystems.
           | 
           | Then the only things you need to worry about are "device
           | doesn't enumerate at all when I plug it in" and such. I'm
           | sure you can have 2 devices side-by-side to mitigate that.
        
           | Inhibit wrote:
           | This happens. I've had SDCards sitting in devices long enough
           | unpowered that they required a format when spun back up.
        
         | zrail wrote:
         | I have my 1Password emergency kit, with the password filled in,
         | stored on a water-sealed USB drive[1] which I store in a fire
         | box in my house. The combo should mean, modulo a much hotter
         | fire than most typical house fires, that when the fire
         | department puts out the house I can just cut open the melted
         | fire box and extract the very wet but still functional drive. I
         | haven't tested this, of course, and I might take the above
         | advice and put a second copy somewhere else.
         | 
         | [1]:
         | https://www.corsair.com/us/en/Categories/Products/Storage/US...
        
         | digitallyfree wrote:
         | I store them in Keepass files and then bury them/give to a
         | friend/save in the cloud/whatever. It's just a single password
         | that you remember, with no reliance on an external
         | authenticator or like. And if someone finds your files, they're
         | useless without the password.
         | 
         | If you store them on cloud, you should obviously do so on a
         | service with no 2FA and a password you remember. The first
         | priority is that you can access it anywhere and the main
         | protection comes from the encrypted Keepass file.
        
       | raverbashing wrote:
       | This is why, while 2FA is important, it's not a panacea (and
       | things like the article do happen - which is why I'm always very
       | skeptical of "2FA everything" people)
       | 
       | Some passwords you absolutely do have to memorize. And that is
       | fine. I keep those good passwords for services run by
       | professionals.
       | 
       | Also recovery codes exist
       | 
       | (side note if the pictures are correct - the sim card and the
       | Yubikey might be salvageable)
        
       | Helmut10001 wrote:
       | Thanks for listing this overview and worst case scenario. I can
       | say, for myself, that my current setup covers this situation.
       | Everything is immediatly synced to my server located offsite,
       | through IPSEC, meaning I have at every time at least two copies
       | of data that are physically separate. My password manager needs a
       | password file and key. the key I remember, the password file is
       | in my encrypted ZFS volume on my server. If my phone (dies), I
       | can still get the password file from my laptop or from the
       | server; if the server dies, I still have it on my laptop or
       | phone. It is extremely unlikely that all three die at the same
       | time. Yet, even for this scenario, I have a printed out list of
       | password of my password manager, hidden at a location that is
       | usually inaccessible. Of course, I follow the 3-2-1(-0) rule,
       | providing additional piece-of-mind beyond that "worst case".
       | 
       | So yes, I agree fully: Prepare for worst (and hope for best).
       | 
       | For anyone thinking about self-hosting, I suggest to place your
       | server not at your main place - host it offsite (e.g. at your
       | parents house). Makes you also better in remote work and produces
       | overall more stable systems (because driving 100km is a painful
       | motivator).
        
         | HPsquared wrote:
         | An idea for the key file: this can also be something you can
         | reproduce, like a text file with a sentence acting effectively
         | as a 'second password'. Or some other thing that you can
         | recreate from scratch.
        
           | Helmut10001 wrote:
           | Yes, good point.. the keyfile is basically comparable to OTP,
           | just that it is more flexible. In my case, it is indeed a
           | file with specific format (keepass), but other systems ar
           | emore open.
        
       | _pdp_ wrote:
       | There is a 3rd way which is not widely adopted yet and it
       | requires to handover some personal documents, but that is to use
       | an IDV service as a fallback. There are obviously some
       | disadvantages as well I am sure you can think of.
        
       | ruuda wrote:
       | How do you still have access to your blog to be able to publish
       | this article?
        
         | withinboredom wrote:
         | Read the last paragraph.
        
         | navhc wrote:
         | The article ends with "In the meantime, please rest assured
         | that my home is still standing." So presumably it's all
         | hypothetical.
        
           | netsharc wrote:
           | Also the very first paragraph is "Imagine...".
           | 
           | I missed both of these, and wondered why an HN commenter said
           | luckily everything is fine..
        
           | ntoskrnl wrote:
           | The first paragraph also says "Imagine..."
           | 
           | I skipped over it the first time around, but that made the
           | rest of the post hit harder. This was pretty well written.
        
             | edent wrote:
             | Thank you
        
       | dcow wrote:
       | It doesn't even take a lightning strike to get into this type of
       | situation. September rolls around and everyone gets a new iPhone.
       | Many forget to migrate their password manager over before sending
       | their old phone back. Unlike the author who clearly thinks a lot
       | about disaster scenarios and redundancy and recovery, more casual
       | users do not. Some get lucky and are logged in to their password
       | manager on their desktop. Some not so much and are even locked
       | out of their AppleID credentials. Even if you remembered to
       | migrate your password manager, you might not have remembered to
       | bring your MFA code app.
       | 
       | This is the entire impetus behind Uno's productized Shamirs
       | Secret Sharing recovery scheme:
       | https://www.uno.app/blog/replacing-passwords-with-people. Our bet
       | is that, like the author questions in the OP, for most people
       | with a trusted network of friends and family, the main threat
       | vector is not hackers and nation states trying to take over their
       | digital lives, but rather nature, age, and accidents, etc. And
       | that social redundancy is an _acceptable_ risk in order to
       | mitigate the tendency we have to want to be our own single point
       | of failure.
        
         | spixy wrote:
         | > sending their old phone back
         | 
         | What does it mean? Where back?
         | 
         | Why do you need to log into a password manager on other device
         | (desktop)?
        
           | dcow wrote:
           | Apple will send you the new iPhone and a box for your old one
           | if you're in the iPhone upgrade program. Similar story with
           | other carrier trade-in programs.
           | 
           | Generally you can view your master secret on other installs
           | of your password manager which is enough to get you
           | bootstrapped back in on a new phone if you lose yours.
        
           | password4321 wrote:
           | Trade-in/up perhaps?
        
         | teej wrote:
         | It's interesting to note that Facebook just decided to sunset
         | its trusted contacts feature.
        
           | dcow wrote:
           | Have they talked at all about why? An interesting point about
           | our implementation is that, unlike Facebook, Uno is not a
           | custodial emergency contact recovery service. So we're not in
           | the business of trying to KYC all your friends and accept a
           | "multi-sig" credential access request. We're shamirs all the
           | way down so we don't have what I imagine would be a pretty
           | large admin overhead for something that isn't really FB's
           | product.
        
         | shakes_mcjunkie wrote:
         | This happened to me but because I broke my phone. My broken
         | phone had Google Authenticator on it and I don't have my backup
         | codes since I've had authenticator for years and never thought
         | to redownload them. Anyways, now I can't login to my Facebook
         | or Twitter anymore. Facebook doesn't seem to have any kind of
         | account recovery and the methods they say I can use (e.g. log
         | in from another device and you'll get a notification) don't
         | work. I even have my phone number logged with them but
         | apparently not as part of 2 factor, so I can't recover my
         | account that way either.
         | 
         | TBH this experience has really made me question using an
         | authenticator app every again.
        
           | spixy wrote:
           | Try Microsoft Authenticator, it can backup to cloud.
        
             | dicknuckle wrote:
             | Authy is great. I've started duplicating my MFA codes to
             | KeepassXC so the OTP can be generated from my desktop or
             | mobile in two different ways. I do love how KeePass will
             | just start generating codes by pasting the secret into this
             | format:
             | otpauth://totp/Chrome:USER?secret=XXXXXX&period=30&digits=6
        
           | hn2017 wrote:
           | Yep, I've seen this as well with a friend. This is one huge
           | reason why SMS is not a bad option. (convenience vs security)
        
       | FollowingTheDao wrote:
       | We are all now on the precarious stilts of technology.
       | 
       | Apple is the worst regarding this scenario. They force 2FA like
       | you are a child. I get it, in most cases 2FA is great, but my
       | lifestyle makes it a problem.
        
         | jonnycomputer wrote:
         | I very nearly was not able to login to my Apple account on a
         | new computer because I did not have an old device to verify,
         | and of course I hadn't kept the master recovery key where I
         | could remember where to find it.
        
         | tpetry wrote:
         | The problem is more that you have to use Apple's 2FA which is
         | linked to their devices. You lose them all at once because you
         | are robbed? Good luck!
         | 
         | There isn't any way to get a TOTP key you can store in a
         | password manager.
        
           | danieldk wrote:
           | I was under the impression that the _Secure iCloud Keychain
           | recovery_ functionality that was added in the last iOS /macOS
           | update could be used to recover.
           | 
           | https://support.apple.com/nl-
           | nl/guide/security/secdeb202947/...
           | https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212513
           | 
           | Unfortunately, the recovery procedure is not described
           | anywhere, so I am not completely sure...
        
           | satysin wrote:
           | You can still get a TOTP code from Apple via SMS to your
           | trusted phone numbers. When it prompts you for the TOTP code
           | select "Didn't get a verification code?" and you can pick one
           | of your trusted phone numbers no problem. I have had to use
           | this in the past and it works fine.
        
       | polote wrote:
       | The issue here, is that OP planned for his house to be destroyed
       | and having is phone OR not having is phone but still having his
       | house. But didn't plan for having his house destroyed AND loosing
       | its phone.
       | 
       | One can still imagine a scenario where you can loose your phone
       | AND your house AND another recovery method etc
        
       | danbrooks wrote:
       | I was a little skeptical of the fire when all of his ID documents
       | were only half-burned. :)
        
       | tpetry wrote:
       | That problem is solved by how 1Password works:
       | 
       | * Your password vult is encrypted locally and stored on their
       | servers (just an encrypted file!) * To unlock the vault, you need
       | the password and the generated master code. * The master code is
       | a PDF to print, which you can give someone you trust - they still
       | only have half of the things to get access.
       | 
       | The losing of digital life is completely solved. Just print that
       | damn PDF give it to your parents and remember your password.
        
         | wintermutestwin wrote:
         | Once you have printed out your master key, you might as well go
         | back to writing passwords on a sticky note...
        
           | ClumsyPilot wrote:
           | I swear to god sometimes I feel our proffesion mostly
           | consists of people that are a weired combination of arrogant
           | and alternatively gifted. They do not value and do not
           | understand how the rest of society does things.
           | 
           | Hundreds of years ago we have invented this cool thing called
           | a Safe. It works better than 90% of tech-based security
           | systems out there. Write something on a piece of paper, put
           | it behind a locked door, and you will be safe from 99% of
           | scams and attacks that exist. If someone breaks into your
           | house, and get this piece pf paper they will be leaving real
           | fingerprints, and real police will get involved. If noone
           | breaks into your house, then only select few people are ever
           | near that safe.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | And even absent a safe... Absent a trusted family member
             | pulling an inside job, how much risk is there really for an
             | average--or even not so average--person to having accounts
             | compromised because someone found passwords written down on
             | a piece of paper somewhere in their house.
             | 
             | Yes, perhaps the equation changes if you have
             | roommates/family you don't really trust.
        
           | mst wrote:
           | The trick is to then store it somewhere that anybody who came
           | into posession of it would be unable to figure out -what-
           | master key it was for.
           | 
           | If a friend of mine has an arbitrary chunk of ASCII stored
           | under their google contacts under a name only they and I
           | recognise, absent rubber hose cryptoanalysis of them it's not
           | going to be an issue, and frankly I don't consider that
           | relevant to my threat model - if somebody's -that- excited
           | about my accounts they'll start with the rubber hose on me at
           | which point all bets are already off.
        
         | JoeAltmaier wrote:
         | Not really solved - forgetting a password is where you started.
         | Does it help to say "Just remember the password!"?
        
           | sillysaurusx wrote:
           | It's a lot easier to remember one specific password.
           | Especially when you need to enter it at regular intervals.
        
         | bigDinosaur wrote:
         | Not solved, because your parents could lose a piece of paper
         | (I'd say that's actually a fairly high risk, not just
         | theoretical). Anyone could lose a piece of paper, for that
         | matter. You want multiple, distributed across at least three
         | continents to be sure. The same with your password. ;-)
        
           | micromacrofoot wrote:
           | Put it with your will. If you have kids or any amount of
           | savings you should have a will. Store it in two separate
           | locations (your house, and someone else's).
        
           | benhurmarcel wrote:
           | I just store a copy at work. I figure I'm unlikely enough to
           | lose all my possessions without dying at the same time that
           | my workplace gets destroyed.
        
           | tpetry wrote:
           | Sure, you don't have to stop at distributing just once
           | copy...
        
             | horsawlarway wrote:
             | Even then - this is a fairly ugly solution. You're
             | dependent on an external entity to be responsible with your
             | stuff in the case of an emergency.
             | 
             | I love my friends and family, but I'm not sure I'd trust
             | them to keep a random file/paper for years on end "just in
             | case" and still be able to find it when I need it.
             | 
             | Personally - I went with the "extra yubikey in a safe
             | deposit box" approach, and it still feels super shitty.
             | 
             | I'm not at all a fan of "code is law".
        
               | the_af wrote:
               | It doesn't even scale. This assumes you're the only one
               | with PDFs to share. What if you have siblings and other
               | relatives, and all of them are tech-savvy -- if they
               | aren't now, in the future they will be -- and want to
               | store the PDFs with your parents.
               | 
               | What, are your parents going to be running a PDF storage
               | service, classified by person? That's too much to ask of
               | them (for most parents).
        
               | xtracto wrote:
               | All these "rebutals" to the pdf approach sound like those
               | infomercial TV ads where people have trouble doing normal
               | day to day things.
               | 
               | Like... mass enail the PDF to several members of the
               | family and be done with it. Can it happen that 5 people
               | at once lose their email access? Sure, but the
               | probability is minuscule.
        
               | the_af wrote:
               | The comment I was replying to was about _physical paper
               | copies_ , not emails.
               | 
               | Distributing digital copies of your password store to
               | your friends and relatives could maybe work. Be sure
               | you're using a really strong password (that you can also
               | remember by heart), because you cannot trust each friend
               | will store the file responsibly away from prying eyes.
               | 
               | Remember the scenario:
               | 
               | - You lost access to your recovery codes and any
               | handwritten notes, so you better remember the master
               | password by heart.
               | 
               | - But this master password better be really strong,
               | because each of your N friends you distributed your files
               | to is a potential leak to hackers and thieves.
               | 
               | - (Tangentially related: remember you have no
               | authenticator either, so your password store better
               | include recovery codes, otherwise without 2FA you're
               | screwed)
        
               | mrtranscendence wrote:
               | > What, are your parents going to be running a PDF
               | storage service, classified by person?
               | 
               | I mean, it's a piece of paper. They could write the name
               | of the person on the paper, keep them alphabetized, and
               | store and search through hundreds of them easily (let's
               | assume they're rabbits with hundreds of children). There
               | may be all sorts of problems with this approach but I
               | don't think burdening parents with paper storage is one
               | of them.
               | 
               | Edit: of course, if they _were_ rabbits I wouldn 't trust
               | them with paper storage. Rabbits are notorious chewers.
        
               | the_af wrote:
               | I dunno. I've already burdened my parents with plenty of
               | things, and so have my siblings. I don't know that I want
               | to make them responsible for storing random bits of paper
               | they may or may not forget about.
        
               | tpetry wrote:
               | I don't know how you or your friends/parents store
               | important documents but everyone in my bubble has
               | multiple document binders with critical paperwork to
               | keep. Adding a single paper to them is no problem, and
               | the paper is not lost. Stuff is never removed from those
               | binders, just new ones added.
        
               | mst wrote:
               | Back when my parents were still in the land of the
               | living, I would've been entirely comfortable believing
               | that the odds of them failing at that would've been low
               | enough that (odds of that failing * odds of my needing
               | that data) would've been stupidly low - low enough I'd've
               | accepted the risk and stopped worrying about it on the
               | basis the likelihood of a problem at that point was
               | significantly lower than many other at least as awful
               | problems and I should focus on mitigating those instead.
        
               | Aeolun wrote:
               | > I'm not at all a fan of "code is law".
               | 
               | You can always _not_ use two factor auth.
        
               | horsawlarway wrote:
               | And I don't in certain cases (even when I'd like to).
               | 
               | But it's getting increasingly hard to opt out of 2fa on
               | some services.
        
               | the_af wrote:
               | But not using 2FA comes with its own set of problems. The
               | kind of problems 2FA was introduced to mitigate.
        
             | latency-guy wrote:
             | And what if someone dies? We'd need something that would do
             | periodic health checks. Preferrably during off-peak hours..
        
         | natly wrote:
         | What if you don't really have friends. Not really an uncommon
         | thing.
        
           | mst wrote:
           | My first thought in that case would be to store fragments in
           | multiple semi-trusted places that don't know which other
           | semi-trusted places are involved with Shamir's Secret Sharing
           | so "knowing what a majority of the semi-trusted places even
           | are" is a prerequisite to recovery.
        
           | dewey wrote:
           | Put it in a safe deposit box or store it at a notary like a
           | will. There's multiple ways to store a piece of paper offsite
           | without having friends or family.
        
             | horsawlarway wrote:
             | You still have to be able to prove to THOSE entities that
             | you are who you say you are.
             | 
             | And I say that as someone who has a spare yubikey sitting
             | in a safe deposit box.
             | 
             | Eventually, this would probably work out, but it still
             | feels super shitty.
        
               | gpmcadam wrote:
               | do you clone the ubikey or enroll two different keys? i
               | struggled to find providers who let you register a second
               | key
        
               | horsawlarway wrote:
               | I enrolled two different keys.
               | 
               | It's a pain in the butt, and it's very limiting because
               | adding another secure service means going to the bank, so
               | I try to limit the 2fa through yubikeys to things like my
               | password manager, my keycloak instance, and other very
               | important accounts.
               | 
               | My take is that 2fa is still not there yet, and I'm a
               | little worried about the push for webauthn, since I
               | foresee a lot of potentially lost accounts.
        
               | tymscar wrote:
               | You can't clone a yubikey
        
               | OJFord wrote:
               | You can store keys generated off-device though. Depends
               | which protocols you care about.
        
               | nicknow wrote:
               | It's SUPPOSED to be a shitty/frustrating/annoying
               | process, not easy. This is your "break glass in case of
               | emergency" solution - you don't want to ever use it and
               | you want it to be super hard for someone else to
               | compromise it.
               | 
               | We have plenty of ways to make this easy but if all those
               | avenues are blocked because of some black swan event, you
               | need a backup - and that backup can't be too easy because
               | then it invites attack.
        
               | maccard wrote:
               | That's not a technical problem though. Going to a bank
               | and saying "my house burned down, here's an affidavit or
               | a notarised document stating I am who I say I am" is
               | fairly likely 5o get you access again.
        
         | makeitdouble wrote:
         | Delegating half of the problem to someone else is not what I'd
         | call "completely solved".
         | 
         | I suppose your point is, nobody should live a life where they
         | can't trust someone to keep that pdf for them, but it feels to
         | me like solving a technical problem through social means.
         | That's a fresh take, but it also relies on so many assumptions.
        
           | lupire wrote:
           | Account security is social. It's using social means to solve
           | a social problem, with a technical bridge.
        
           | ClumsyPilot wrote:
           | But this technical problem is unsolvable, our industry lived
           | in arrogance of pretending they solve problems they can't
           | actually they don't, and blaming the user when it fails
        
       | sylware wrote:
       | huh? In my country, everybody is registered in several
       | administration databases with enough data to re-id you anywhere,
       | anytime, and they even have biometric data (usually your finger
       | prints) and medical data (they know where you have scars, and
       | have probably some DNA infos).
       | 
       | In the information age, ppl have to be sure their administration
       | and corpos are using this power sanely for the Right(TM) stuff or
       | things will turn to ...
        
         | edent wrote:
         | The UK - for better or worse - doesn't have a centralised ID
         | system. Biometrics aren't routinely logged unless you get
         | entangled with the law.
         | 
         | I may be registered in several different databases. But how do
         | I prove that I am me? If the answer is that I know my mother's
         | maiden name and address history - that means a fraudster could
         | also access those accounts.
        
           | sylware wrote:
           | Passports usually have, at least, your finger prints in the
           | chip. And as I said, they have tons of data on you (pics,
           | medical stuff, telecom, etc). It all depends on how ez it is
           | for the competent administrative services to access those
           | databases (do you really think the MI6 does not have access
           | to those database?)
           | 
           | Why do you think having microsoft having access to the global
           | networks of IT professionals via its owned linkedin database
           | is something that should not even be possible?
        
             | robjan wrote:
             | UK passports don't have fingerprints. The only biometric
             | data is depth information calculated from the photo you
             | provide.
        
               | sylware wrote:
               | I doubt this is the case, because I can bet that US
               | customs require way more than that.
        
               | edent wrote:
               | I literally live in the UK and have a recently issued
               | passport. No fingerprints were taken.
               | 
               | https://www.gov.uk/apply-renew-passport
               | 
               | The US authorities do take fingerprints on entry. But
               | they have nothing to compare them with.
        
               | sylware wrote:
               | I have contradicting info: the US requires biometric
               | passport on entry, that with significant biometric data.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | jen20 wrote:
           | As of 2010 most UK passports have biometrics in them. Not
           | strictly routine but many are likely to have them.
        
             | edent wrote:
             | Can you show me where on https://www.gov.uk/apply-renew-
             | passport it asks for a biometric other than a photo?
        
             | sylware wrote:
             | If you don't have "enough" "good" biometric data, your
             | passport is invalid to go to the US... so...
        
       | phphphphp wrote:
       | I went through the process of considering this recently, and
       | considered a safe deposit box, but as mentioned, they're not
       | viable in many places. I eventually settled on multiple security
       | keys, distributed across multiple locations I have access to. And
       | it got me thinking, is there a business opportunity in providing
       | secure storage for security keys? Safe deposit boxes are, as the
       | post notes, either mythical or extremely expensive and
       | inconvenient.
       | 
       | I can come up with a few challenges to running such a service,
       | and a few solutions, but I ultimately come back to thinking:
       | nobody smart enough to use a security key is going to trust some
       | third-party to store their emergency key, no matter what security
       | methods are implemented. Am I right in that assumption?
        
         | withinboredom wrote:
         | Probably correct. The correct answer is something I'm working
         | on for fun. Basically, witness encryption of a sort. If you can
         | cryptographically/mathematically prove something has happened,
         | you can decrypt a "bootstrap" of your digital life. I'm working
         | on the tooling/encryption bits now, but I already have a (not
         | published) service that monitors phones/computers for
         | "liveness" and provides a cryptographic proof that they are
         | dead when they go offline for a configurable amount of time.
         | You can use that as an input for the witness encryption, along
         | other inputs. You can just store that file in the open, maybe
         | encrypting only your 1password master key or a backup code to
         | your email.
        
       | viraptor wrote:
       | I've got an escape hatch for most of my auth. An encrypted file
       | with my bitwarden backup and recovery codes exists in a public
       | not listable s3 bucket under a random uuid file name. I've got
       | its (partial) name stored with friends without any context. I
       | hope I'll never have to use it...
        
         | nmlt wrote:
         | Why not publish that uuid (not yours but generally)? If the
         | file is properly encrypted why not keep it in a public GitHub
         | repository for example?
        
           | viraptor wrote:
           | Because given enough time all encryption will fall or become
           | very affordable to crack, so it's not in my interest to have
           | it scraped and stored somewhere forever.
        
       | dpcx wrote:
       | For those that follow the "take a backup drive to a relatives
       | house" - how do you actually do the backups in that case? Do you
       | have two backup jobs running, one for "the important stuff" and
       | one for the rest of the system, and the important stuff just goes
       | to the other disk? I'm trying to get better about this, but this
       | is something I've never fully understood.
        
         | satysin wrote:
         | I have an old SFF Dell OptiPlex at my mothers house in another
         | country. It isn't on 24/7 as I have it set to power on
         | automagically weekly so it is up during my scheduled backup
         | window. If I need it any other time a simple phone call to my
         | mother and she can hit the power button. Then I can just access
         | it thanks to WireGuard.
         | 
         | The setup is simple, it runs Debian with four drives. The OS
         | and primary data is RAID1 then two independent drives that a
         | script automatically keeps everything in sync so I have three
         | copies of everything over four drives.
         | 
         | I also have two USB flash drives with it (but not connected)
         | that have an identical OS setup on so should the local system
         | drives die I can ask my mother to pop in the USB and boot it up
         | and still access the 2nd and 3rd backup drives. It all works
         | when I have tested it out although never needed to actually use
         | it.
         | 
         | This isn't for multimedia of course just my _really_ important
         | stuff such as 2FA recovery keys, scans of passports and legal
         | paperwork, etc. As it is only a few GB I don 't bother to
         | delete anything ever, I only ever add so even if I rescan in
         | stuff it doesn't replace the old copy.
         | 
         | It is all encrypted on my end first so even if someone steals
         | the machine the data is as safe as it is anywhere else.
         | 
         | Is it perfect? Nah but it is more than good enough and hasn't
         | failed me. I also have local backups of course, this is really
         | my last resort kind of thing.
        
         | michaelt wrote:
         | Things that change regularly get encrypted and backed up to the
         | cloud.
         | 
         | The _credentials for accessing those backups_ get encrypted and
         | backed up at a relative 's house.
         | 
         | So you almost never need to update the data at the relative's
         | house. Although you might want to check they haven't lost it
         | from time to time :)
        
       | alexpotato wrote:
       | I remember reading a story about backups right after one of the
       | California wildfires and the author said something like this:
       | 
       | "I used to store my backups in the garage and thought myself
       | smart since they were physically separate from my desktop. Then
       | ENTIRE NEIGHBORHOODS burned down and I realized I needed more
       | physical distance"
        
       | bityard wrote:
       | This is essentially an extreme version of the the "digital
       | bootstrapping" problem that I ponder more regularly than is
       | probably healthy. It often seems like an intractable problem but
       | I think n decent solution that doesn't require a lot of work
       | looks like this:
       | 
       | 1. Have an encrypted file of secrets that you can access with an
       | offline password manager like KeepassDX. This file contains not
       | only the logins to your web accounts, but also all of your
       | financial information like bank accounts and credit cards,
       | drivers license number, social security numbers, etc. Protect it
       | with ONE strong password that you memorize. Use it daily to
       | reinforce memorization. All other accounts you have, secure them
       | with a random password and put them in this file. You only want
       | to remember the ONE master password. You can use browser and
       | browser extensions for sites that don't matter much in the grand
       | scheme of things but NOT for critical sites like bank accounts
       | because we all know browsers are the #1 target of attackers and
       | regularly face security problems.
       | 
       | 2. If you have multiple devices, share the KeepassDX file
       | somewhere "in the cloud" with something like Nextcloud or similar
       | proprietary service that actually syncs a copy to the local
       | device. You basically want it available in multiple places,
       | automatically if at all possible. I wouldn't post it publicly,
       | but don't fret too much about it falling into the wrong hands
       | because if you remember, it's protected by a strong password that
       | you have memorized. For added safety, copy the password file to a
       | thumb drive every month or so and keep it in your car or your
       | desk at work.
       | 
       | 3. Keep all of your important digital data (financial records,
       | family photos, etc) on a NAS in your house. If you live alone and
       | just have one "main" computer, then an external disk will do.
       | Encrypt the disks, put the key in your password manager.
       | 
       | 4. Back up your NAS to remote storage every night. This can be a
       | raspberry pi at a relative's house, or a cheap VPS, also with
       | encrypted disks that only you have the key to.
       | 
       | There are many variations to this, but the overall idea is to
       | have ONE strong master password that you memorized and are forced
       | to recall regularly which protects ONE file containing ALL of
       | your secrets, ONE place to store your important documents, and
       | MULTIPLE distributed backups/copies of all of these.
        
       | sph wrote:
       | Sorry to hear that, @edent, and as someone that just got a
       | Yubikey [1], it sounds like I need to place the spare one at a
       | geographically distinct place ASAP, rather than in a lockbox in
       | my house. Easier said than done.
       | 
       | --
       | 
       | 1: only my mail and password manager are protected with my
       | Yubikeys. As long as I can have access to one key, I'm safe.
       | Which means if I lose access to both my FIDO keys, I'm fucked.
        
         | sph wrote:
         | Ah, I should read to the end before commenting. Happy to know
         | the house is still standing.
        
       | downtownview wrote:
       | Has someone posted a resource, or checklist of actions I can
       | take, or backups I should make to avoid getting in this
       | circumstance?
        
       | secult wrote:
       | My bank is changing my MFA from SMS to mobile banking auth with
       | each and every mobile banking app update. I tried to explain them
       | to not do so, as when I break, lose my phone, it's quite easy to
       | use a spare or get even a new sim card with the same number, but
       | for anything else (buying a new phone, changing limits for cash
       | withdrawal for a new phone, buying a ticket for public transport
       | to a physical phone shop) I need the MFA code. Which I don't have
       | of course. And surely I don't remember the unique 9 digit random
       | identifier that is written on my bank contract to access mobile
       | banking hotline. Shitlock.
        
       | EVa5I7bHFq9mnYK wrote:
       | I thought about this and decided I should try to protect myself
       | against various disaster scenarios, most probable first
       | 
       | I lose my electronics
       | 
       | thiefs steal my electronics
       | 
       | hackers pown me
       | 
       | I have a stroke and forget everything
       | 
       | I die suddenly
       | 
       | cloud raid gives up
       | 
       | house on fire
        
       | Macha wrote:
       | This is ultimately why I haven't made the leap to Yubikey style
       | auth. My backup plan depends ultimately on something I know (the
       | password to a backed up copy of my password vault which contains
       | 2fa codes for essential services, and backed up totp codes which
       | are encrypted with a password in that vault for the rest).
        
       | wly_cdgr wrote:
       | I have a password strategy I like, and I'm gonna share it because
       | you might like it too.
       | 
       | * Create a master password root. Do not write it down anywhere -
       | memorize it
       | 
       | * For every account that requires a password, add a unique suffix
       | to the root
       | 
       | * Write down the suffixes in a file locked with the master
       | password root
       | 
       | * Do not use a password manager. Enter passwords manually; since
       | they all share the same master root, you are very unlikely to
       | ever forget it
       | 
       | * If you do forget it anyway despite all this, you probably have
       | bigger problems. Or maybe not, but then again, none of this shit
       | matters anyway
        
         | red0point wrote:
         | So if any single one of your used services leaks your password,
         | you're essentially screwed since the root can be determined.
         | Have you heard of haveibeenpwned.com?
        
           | wly_cdgr wrote:
           | Ok, so some guy in Croatia now knows the root, so what? How
           | does that help them? They can't access the other suffixes
           | without physical access to my home computer. Not to mention
           | they have no idea which part is the root and which part is
           | the suffix
        
       | dontbenebby wrote:
       | Thanks for this OP.
       | 
       | If you want to bootstrap your way out of scenarios in the OPs, a
       | passport card is proof of identity and citizenship.
       | 
       | What I do currently, is I have a smartphone with a wallet case,
       | which has a passport card, credit card, insurance card, and a bus
       | pass with enough fare to take a 28X[1] to the airport.
       | 
       | I actually just sat down to have a cortado and clean my go bag,
       | because I had to use my mace and haven't been able to replace it.
       | 
       | (I the past I had a smaller "TSA friendly" messenger bag that I
       | got at an Army Navy store plus a larger black backpack which can
       | contain... well, pretty much anything that's legal in PA for me
       | to put into it, but since I'm a grown adult, things like
       | sharpies, a gerber multi tool, gum bands, an umbrella, noise
       | cancelling headphones, and several batteries and the cables to
       | connect them to my devices are perfectly reasonable things to
       | carry around with me on a rainy day.)
       | 
       | Then, you keep that plus whatever weapons you think you need next
       | to your bed.
       | 
       | I'm left handed, so usually my phone and a large knife and mace
       | go next to the bed[0].
       | 
       | Then there is a locked door with a Louisville slugger next to it.
       | Beyond that is a second door with two chains, and something else
       | beside that one, with the walkway in between littered with
       | hazards.
       | 
       | And on top of all that, I often keep a radio going so it's
       | ambiguous if I'm home, since my landlord likes to enter my unit
       | uninvited and not even leave a tag behind noting they were there,
       | despite several warnings that I was perceiving their illegal
       | behavior as threatening.
       | 
       | (Much like your post, I had a fire scare -- my dad claimed to
       | know someone from the mafia who might burn my home down, and I
       | had an outlet spark out around the same time, along with a series
       | of odd people lurking around, some of whom still return to my
       | home to this day despite frequent reports)
       | 
       | I'd love to have my passport card in a safe deposit box, but the
       | last bank I looked into that with abused their access to the
       | information I was looking for one.
       | 
       | (They said there was a waitlist, so since I thought I'd be
       | staying long term, I just kept my passport in a safe, or separate
       | from my passport card in case I had an extreme incident, like
       | having my favorite bag broken open because I had to mace someone
       | in the face, then choke them to nearly to death when they didn't
       | take that strong hint to get away from me.)
       | 
       | Anyways, thanks for sharing, and if anyone has any advice on my
       | security setup, I'm happy to take feedback.
       | 
       | (I'm trying to avoid making the thing on my bedside a handgun
       | loaded with .22 hollowpoints, and the thing beside the door a
       | shotgun loaded with buckshot small enough to not penetrate a wall
       | and kill my neighbors if I need to fire it, but I'm very annoyed
       | I feel a need to note this level of detail and ask for feedback,
       | given the conversations I've had off of this site leading up to
       | today.) -- [0] The intent being to mace them, then stab them if
       | they don't give up, then retreat to safety to call a lawyer. Not
       | an ambulance. I'm not your caregiver. I'm not your friend. Come
       | into my home and make me feel unsafe at night, and be prepared to
       | die.
       | 
       | [1] The 28X is the route that takes you to the airport in 412,
       | it's what I reccomend anyone who cannot abide by the rules of
       | civil society look into rathrt
       | https://www.portauthority.org/PAAC/apps/pdfs/28X.pdf
        
       | nicknow wrote:
       | I would need to recover access to my password manager and my 2FA
       | authentication tool (which is cloud backed up.) My password
       | manager has recovery codes and my 2FA has a recovery process.
       | Those - and, actually my email service's recovery codes (although
       | technically not needed, since I can use the password manager and
       | 2FA but this would speed up my time to access) - are in hard copy
       | and stored in my safe and at a safe at a relative's home several
       | hundred miles away. For additional security, there is a word
       | written on the envelope at the relative's house that the relative
       | knows to require I provide if we are not in-person (to prevent
       | someone faking a call and asks for the information.) The document
       | is also sealed and included with my Will, which is held by my
       | trusted executor.
       | 
       | With that document I can recover access to my complete digital
       | life.
       | 
       | The advantage is nothing changes. New accounts are added to my
       | password manager and 2FA, but nothing needs to change on the
       | recovery process side.
       | 
       | There are some other ideas I have, if I didn't have a trusted
       | relative/friend, who I could give the document to but I haven't
       | felt the need to implement them.
        
       | catchmeifyoucan wrote:
       | Maybe biometric login isn't a bad idea, since you'll have your
       | fingerprint
        
       | tomkaos wrote:
       | I don't 2FA my password manager and email because of the fear of
       | being lock out of everything. I travel a lot and some country I
       | can't received sms. What hapen if I got stole everything. Loose
       | access to my email, bank account .. I don't event know people
       | number because it's in my phone.
        
       | jclem wrote:
       | 1Password "forces" (strongly suggests to) you to physically print
       | a recovery kit with both your master password and secret key on
       | it. I keep mine in a safe deposit box in another part of the
       | city. Of course, losing access to this box is a concern, but
       | -\\_(tsu)_/- I suppose I could also bury it somewhere remote too
       | without the QR code or my identifiable information in it, or mail
       | a copy to a family member.
        
       | cbanek wrote:
       | I've been thinking about this recently in terms of end of life
       | type stuff. By the time I die (hopefully), access to digital
       | accounts will be a major part of end of life care. Being able to
       | deactivate accounts, set up things, or notify them to close is so
       | much easier if you just have the passwords and details up front.
       | Of course I use 1Password for the passwords. I'm working with an
       | estate attorney to help with a living trust and will for all the
       | legalities too. But I'm going to give my attorney the 1Password
       | recovery PDF for sure. And of course, attorneys generally have
       | pretty good document storage and recovery scenarios too.
       | 
       | So not just someone who is locked out, but doesn't know my
       | passwords. How can they be given the keys at the right time to do
       | what they need? (Like if I'm in the hospital, etc.). It's a hard
       | problem.
        
       | atleta wrote:
       | Protecting your password db with a physical key sounds pretty
       | stupid. I was always wary of 2FA for exactly this reason. It's
       | something that you can lose or damage. Actually, it's pretty
       | common to kill your most used 2nd factor, your mobile.
       | 
       | The solution here is pretty simple: learn 2-3 strong passwords.
       | Definitely learn the strong password for your password manager
       | and a primary email account, that you can usually use to reset
       | the password to all the other accounts anyway. And don't use 2FA
       | for those. I only ever use 2FA if it is enforced by a service.
       | The real danger of not using 2FA is in your password being
       | stolen. (Using strong passwords protect against brute forcing
       | them.)
       | 
       | Also, about the hypotheticals: offline IDs (like passport and ID
       | card) should be relatively easy to get hold of and once you have
       | those you can have your bank account back. You obviously don't
       | need to know your bank account numbers (that's not a password)
       | and you can't fake your mother's name when you submit your data
       | to a bank (because that's part of your ID information and it's
       | almost certainly in your ID document anyway). Otherwise yes, use
       | a random string whenever stupid sites ask for 'password
       | reminders' or security questions.
       | 
       | EDIT: fix typo.
        
         | bergenty wrote:
         | Yep lost my phone when I was outside the US. Couldn't get it
         | replaced for a month and lost all access to any accounts that
         | had 2FA set up for that amount of time. It's also almost
         | impossible to get your sim replaced when you can't show up in
         | person and show identification I learned.
        
         | evouga wrote:
         | Every article about 2FA lists the primary email account as the
         | _most_ important account to secure with 2FA, precisely because
         | it can be used to reset all other passwords. And yet
         | interestingly when I Google  "why use 2FA?" the entire first
         | page of results lists only spurious reasons (protection against
         | phishing, brute-force cracking, social engineering, password
         | reuse) and not the actual reason 2FA is potentially useful for
         | securing a single-use, strong password (protection from
         | keylogging and MITM attacks).
         | 
         | The thought experiment in the linked article makes it clear
         | that using "something you own" as the second factor for your
         | primary email account is not a good idea. I'm not sure what the
         | best solution is, but I agree that the risk of having your
         | single, strong email password intercepted is lower than that of
         | losing your stuff.
        
       | jzdziarski wrote:
       | First, I'm so glad this turned out to be hypothetical, and you
       | didn't have to suffer through such a catastrophic loss. Second,
       | if you had actually suffered such a loss, your digital life would
       | hopefully be the last thing on your mind, and you'd just be glad
       | to have your life and your family - the only real things that
       | matter in this world.
       | 
       | That said, planning a strategy for offsite data storage or a
       | secondary authenticator is of course wise. A safety deposit box
       | or other offsite location that you can frequently refresh and
       | keep up to date would be a good investment. If you're worried
       | about keeping a master key to your life in a single place, you
       | could separate your data and your authenticator. The how likely
       | depends on your threat model, several people on this site may
       | find it insufficient. To whatever degree you obfuscate or
       | complicate your recovery path, you also increase the risk of
       | losing access to it yourself.
       | 
       | You might also consider it's not necessarily the "thing you have"
       | that might go MIA, but due to physical injury, age, or just
       | forgetfulness, the "thing you know" could also be at risk. I
       | realize this the older I get. Finding a secure way to store a
       | master password in the event you cannot recall it, or perhaps in
       | the event of your death, is something you may also consider. In
       | this case, I would avoid a cipher or something else you're likely
       | to forget.
        
         | fmajid wrote:
         | A stroke can happen at any age.
        
         | fencepost wrote:
         | This is also very relevant for family or trusted access. We had
         | a hell of a time after my father had a stroke (recovered now)
         | even though I had access to his computers and KeePass database
         | - he had plenty of things where phone access was needed but
         | nobody knew his unlock pin and it was required to reactivate
         | fingerprint unlock.
        
         | kodah wrote:
         | Building on the last paragraph, I keep my root PGP key on an
         | encrypted USB drive. There's several files that are encrypted
         | by the root key, but they're mostly like password manager
         | recovery phrases as well as things like my birth certificate,
         | social security number, and various government IDs I've used.
         | There are two copies of this USB, one travels with me at all
         | times, the other is securely stored and accessed twice a year
         | to ensure it's still performing. Both USB keys have fuses that
         | will blow if opened up. This makes it so that for the rest of
         | my life I will remember one password.
         | 
         | Passwords can also be made more memorable. For instance,
         | because a password manager remembers the rest of my passwords,
         | I made this one what I call a "pattern password". On a US
         | keyboard I could type it in seconds without looking, but it
         | would be too complex to guess.
        
         | mid-kid wrote:
         | Can't agree more with the last paragraph. Not too long ago, due
         | to my keyboard breaking, I was forced to type my password
         | manager's master password on an unfamiliar keyboard with an
         | unfamiliar layout, and I just blanked. I type it frequently
         | enough on my phone, so I tried typing it there too, but
         | probably due to a combination of mild distress and actively
         | trying to _think_ about what I was typing I couldn 't do it
         | there either. I eventually decided to try again later and later
         | that day I managed to type it correctly.
         | 
         | Rest assured, this situation probably sounds as bizarre as it
         | felt. Randomly forgetting something I type every day isn't
         | something I had considered a possibility until then. Maybe a
         | password without as many non-alphanumeric characters would've
         | aided in avoiding this situation, but I get the feeling it
         | could've happened with any muscle-memoried password.
        
           | empyrrhicist wrote:
           | Had that happen with a four digit numeric bank pin once, and
           | several times since then with pass phrases. I tend to get
           | stuck on whatever wrong pattern I entered first and have to
           | try again later.
        
           | DonHopkins wrote:
           | I posted this earlier:
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=21862160
           | 
           | There's a much more evil prank than that:
           | 
           | A user was having a really bizarre problem: They could log in
           | when they were sitting down in a seat in front of the
           | keyboard, but when they were standing in front of the
           | keyboard, their password didn't work! The problem happened
           | every time, so they called for support, who finally figured
           | it out after watching them demonstrate the problem many
           | times:
           | 
           | It turned out that some joker had rearranged the numbers keys
           | on the keyboard, so they were ordered "0123456789" instead of
           | "1234567890". And the user's password had a digit in it. When
           | the user was sitting down comfortably in front of the
           | keyboard, they looked at the screen while they touch-typed
           | their password, and were able to log in. But when they were
           | standing in front of the computer, they looked at the
           | keyboard and pressed the numbers they saw, which were wrong!
        
             | alistairSH wrote:
             | Holy crap. That's amazingly evil. And not at all what I
             | thought you were going to say
        
             | Arrath wrote:
             | Oh my god that car prank you linked was incredible.
        
             | jlg23 wrote:
             | Being fed up with people asking to use my laptop (some 20
             | years ago), I cleaned its keyboard and put the caps back on
             | at random. "Yes, of course you can use it, here you are!
             | Oh, sorry, I forgot the keyboard..." Peace and undisturbed
             | working ensued...
        
             | chmod775 wrote:
             | Many people with mechanical keyboards (as in non-disposable
             | keyboards) can probably relate to this, having put some
             | keys back the wrong way after cleaning.
        
             | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
             | Great prank (the car swap). Must've cost quite a bit,
             | though.
             | 
             | If you have an iPhone, this app is pretty damn hilarious:
             | https://apps.apple.com/us/app/action-movie-fx/id489321253
             | 
             | It's done by Bad Robot (JJ Abrams' company). Shows how easy
             | it is to do really good special effects, these days.
        
             | ajxs wrote:
             | My employer made me use an SOE Macbook that had the
             | 'butterfly keyboard'. Many of its keys would only work
             | haphazardly. Once I made the mistake of setting my password
             | using the laptop's keyboard instead of the external one I
             | normally used. It had me going for ages before I realised
             | there was one letter in the password missing!
        
             | lobocinza wrote:
             | This happened to me ~2 times I think due to exhaustion
             | and/or stress. Just had to sleep to remember.
        
             | thatjoeoverthr wrote:
             | Once I got home and found my toddler had completely
             | shuffled the letters on my keyboard.
        
             | gnicholas wrote:
             | I find it incredibly annoying that my iPad wants to
             | automatically capitalize the first letter of most text-
             | entry fields. I heard somewhere that some sites have made
             | the first char of their passwords case-insensitive because
             | of this, but IDK if this is just lore.
        
           | concordDance wrote:
           | It's a really scary fact that people try and ignore but:
           | neurons die.
           | 
           | They do this all the time.
           | 
           | They don't come back.
           | 
           | The information associated with them is just gone. Often the
           | information can be reconstructed from other neurons that
           | still work, but not always.
        
           | grogenaut wrote:
           | sometimes i just cant get the password but will get it a bit
           | later when not anxious.
        
             | mixmastamyk wrote:
             | You just described tech interviews. ;-)
        
           | isolli wrote:
           | It reminds me of the time I tried to type my password on a
           | keyboard with a French layout, but responding as if it had a
           | US layout. It turns out, even if you think you know where all
           | these special characters are, finding them under pressure
           | (three tries before you're locked out) with misleading visual
           | cues is hard!
        
             | ncpa-cpl wrote:
             | Some countries even use more than one keyboard layout, so I
             | try to stick to special chacters that dont change from
             | keyboard layouts. Like dot comma and space.
        
           | grog454 wrote:
           | I had a similar problem once. I normally use the dvorak
           | layout but was on a qwerty keyboard. I don't remember exactly
           | why, but I had to muscle-memory type the password as if the
           | keyboard was dvorak and manually remap the characters using
           | an image of a dovrak layout on top of a qwerty keyboard.
        
             | frostwarrior wrote:
             | My approach to that is to follow xkcd advice with an
             | emergency password which looks less like a random string
             | but more like a real world phrase.
             | 
             | I try to use my local language and some obscure local slang
             | to avoid being guessed by an international dictionary.
        
               | Sohcahtoa82 wrote:
               | > My approach to that is to follow xkcd advice with an
               | emergency password which looks less like a random string
               | but more like a real world phrase.
               | 
               | Yeah, for my master password, I use a slightly misheard
               | line from an episode of a 90's TV show. Googling my
               | misheard version in quotes only gets 6 hits, and it's 30
               | characters long, so very unlikely to get cracked even
               | without replacing letters with symbols or adding a
               | suffix.
        
           | sabellito wrote:
           | Few years ago I went to a store and paid with my card and
           | 4-digit password. Not 20 minutes later, at another store, I
           | just couldn't remember the password anymore, missed it 3
           | times and got my card blocked.
           | 
           | I had to make a new card because I couldn't remember the
           | password to unblock it at the bank.
           | 
           | I had that card and password for 3-4 years at that point,
           | wasn't under any stress at all, and nothing like this had
           | ever happened, nor happened again.
        
             | thraxil wrote:
             | Had the same experience. Went to an ATM one night and the
             | PIN for my card that I'd used several times a week for
             | probably a decade was just... gone. Never before, never
             | since.
        
             | macintux wrote:
             | I've had the same experience. Walked up to an ATM for the
             | second time in two days and my 4-digit PIN was simply gone
             | from my memory. I never figured out what it was.
             | 
             | That was almost 30 years ago, and thankfully it hasn't
             | happened again.
        
               | grogenaut wrote:
               | I use my ATM so infrequently that it's happened to me a
               | few times. I get cash reups selling stuff on Craigslist
               | so I need the ATM like once a year. Luckily my ATM is
               | right next to an in grocery store branch so resetting the
               | pin is 3-5 minutes talking to someone irl
        
             | LandR wrote:
             | This happened to me last year.
             | 
             | Completely out of the blue I forgot my PIN, the PIN I had
             | used every day for years. I was at an ATM trying to
             | withdraw cash, got it wrong twice. It was just gone.
             | 
             | Luckily I cancelled it before the machine ate it, but I had
             | to borrow money from someone to get a taxi home.
             | 
             | I had to request a new PIN and I still can't remember what
             | it was. I now keep my pin in my phone under a contact.
        
             | tarsinge wrote:
             | It has already happened to me blank on the 4-digit PIN I
             | have since more than 5 years. Never thought I could forget
             | something so short I use so often.
        
             | Vinnl wrote:
             | I've had this happen to me multiple times, and more often
             | now that so much payment is contactless here (even though I
             | still have the same code as when it wasn't). Additionally,
             | something as simple as a different machine (the most recent
             | instance was a touch screen) can throw me off as well.
        
             | jay_kyburz wrote:
             | I went for a week holiday and when I came back I couldn't
             | remember the alarm code. Had to call the boss at 7am with
             | the alarm blasting in the background.
        
             | PontifexMinimus wrote:
             | Some bank cards have allowed you to change the number to a
             | more memorable one.
             | 
             | The other thing you can do is make a mnemonic story to help
             | you remember it.
        
             | ntauthority wrote:
             | A year ago, I had to go to a bank office and engage in some
             | verification process that also required me to use the
             | physical bank card with its preassigned PIN.
             | 
             | No matter what I tried, I hit the 3-try limit for the day,
             | and opted to have the same preassigned PIN sent by mail to
             | my home address.
             | 
             | When walking back home from the bank branch I realized the
             | mistake I had made: I had entered the correct PIN, but had
             | typed it in calculator/numeric keypad order, and not in
             | phone/PIN pad order.
             | 
             | While I've never used that PIN on a numeric keypad for a
             | PC, somehow my brain associated the numbers with their
             | order on a PC keypad, since I had used my PC keypad to
             | unlock my PC with a PIN numerous times more than I had used
             | any card terminal with a PIN.
             | 
             | So, the next day, I returned to the bank branch office to
             | try the same operation again, and indeed - I had correctly
             | entered the PIN and the online banking transfer limit ended
             | up adjusted just fine.
        
               | SenHeng wrote:
               | For the past decade and a half, possibly longer, Japanese
               | ATMs have replaced their physical keypads with digital
               | ones where the numbers are randomly placed. Imagine my
               | surprised when the first times I tried to enter my PIN,
               | it kept failing until I took a good close look at the
               | numbers.
        
             | urxvtcd wrote:
             | I once forgot root password to my FreeBSD installation, I
             | spent a lot of time trying to remember it but failed. So I
             | did a reinstall, and obviously recalled it when prompted to
             | come up with a new one.
        
             | wishfish wrote:
             | I was worried this would happen to me. I made an entry in
             | my notes app. "Doctor Harry Bottomsmith 801-421-8623 9 am
             | Friday" where 4218 was my PIN.
             | 
             | That's saved me a few times when I blanked out. This note,
             | in theory, will look completely innocuous in case anyone
             | gets access to my notes.
        
               | SenHeng wrote:
               | I've had a few of these. Until years later when I
               | stumbled upon them again and totally forgot how they were
               | meant to be decoded.
        
               | kibwen wrote:
               | This is more generally known as steganography:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steganography
        
           | GTP wrote:
           | >but I get the feeling it could've happened with any muscle-
           | memoried password.
           | 
           | I can confirm this. Many years ago I had to type for the
           | first time a password on a classmate's iPhone (smartphones
           | were just beginning to become common). The problem was that I
           | didn't really know that password: what I remembered was a
           | shape I was "drawing" onto the keyboard, which involved the
           | numeric keypad... You see were this is going. That event was
           | the one that led me to finally properly memorize that
           | password.
        
           | InCityDreams wrote:
           | Mild distress? I don't think that is so rare. But, why are my
           | phone numbers not in the same order as my keyboard numbers!
           | At my bank i drew a blank and had to sit at the assistants
           | desk/ keyboard to fire off the muscles to enter in my old pw,
           | in order to enter in an otu pw they'd generated.
        
           | remram wrote:
           | This happened to me, I forgot my Android "pattern", the
           | swiped pin-like thing to unlock the phone. I didn't have a
           | password set. I was able to factory-reset it with my Google
           | account password but I lost recent files that hadn't yet been
           | backed up (photos etc).
           | 
           | I just totally blanked. Like you said, the more I thought
           | about it the less I could remember what it was like. It was
           | really scary.
        
         | makeitdouble wrote:
         | > Second, if you had actually suffered such a loss, your
         | digital life would hopefully be the last thing on your mind
         | 
         | To note, our banking system is well part of our digital life.
         | Europe has already a flurry of "real" banks that have no
         | physical presence, and after a catastrophic loss you'll need
         | that access to your bank as soon as possible.
        
           | basisword wrote:
           | This has made me think twice about using those banks (I'm
           | thinking of Monzo etc.). I was already reconsidering anyway
           | as all of these banks have been consistently reducing
           | features and limiting usage (e.g. cash withdrawals) and
           | generally making themselves worse than the 'real' banks.
        
             | makeitdouble wrote:
             | It depends on the "attack" vector you see as the most
             | problematic.
             | 
             | With a "real" bank, I had to go to an agency 5 times in a
             | row to solve a paper issue because they wouldn't just
             | message me about it as it was "confidential" (they couldn't
             | validate our home address, though we were receiving their
             | spam pretty fine), and the system was really built around
             | the assumption that making you come to the agency was a no-
             | brainer. The other options evolved snail mailing copies of
             | the papers and waiting for them to process it.
             | 
             | There's also the issue of "old fashion" people sticking
             | more with traditional banks, making them skew their
             | offerings towards these people. I was endlessly phone
             | spammed with insurance and bullshit travel packs, and I
             | couldn't just block them as it came from my actual agent.
        
               | basisword wrote:
               | I think I'm lucky then. My 'traditional' bank is
               | paperless, has a good app and website, and I can do
               | everything over the phone with relative ease if I need
               | to. It's all a bit clunkier than one of the app-native
               | banks (which is why I half-switched to the app bank) but
               | that's the software snob in me more than missing
               | functionality.
        
         | tgsovlerkhgsel wrote:
         | > Second, if you had actually suffered such a loss, your
         | digital life would hopefully be the last thing on your mind
         | 
         | It isn't though. Access to your digital resources is vital to
         | recover from the loss. You need an e-mail address to arrange
         | contractors, you need your contact list to reach out to friends
         | for help, you need access to your bank accounts, your cloud-
         | stored scans of your ID cards, ...
        
           | reaperducer wrote:
           | _You need an e-mail address to arrange contractors_
           | 
           | No. People have been trained to think they need an e-mail
           | address for real-life things, but they don't.
           | 
           | I had a roof replaced in my last place, which involved
           | multiple contractors and insurance companies. No e-mail. No
           | text messaging involved.
           | 
           | I recently moved to a new city, and setting up utilities, dry
           | cleaning service, parking garage, etc... probably involved a
           | dozen new accounts. I gave my e-mail address to none of them.
           | Depending on the disposition of the provider, I either told
           | them I hadn't set up e-mail yet since I moved, or just a flat
           | "no."
           | 
           |  _you need your contact list to reach out to friends for
           | help_
           | 
           | If you're over 40, you can remember the days when it was
           | perfectly ordinary to remember the phone numbers for dozens
           | and dozens of people and businesses. These days, we've
           | allowed computers to think and remember for us (hello,
           | Stackoverflow!) so we don't have to. Memory is a normal skill
           | that many people have lost or neglected.
           | 
           |  _you need access to your bank accounts_
           | 
           | That's why it's important to have your bank accounts with an
           | actual bank, with actual branches, and actual human beings to
           | help you when human being things go wrong in the real world.
           | 
           |  _your cloud-stored scans of your ID cards_
           | 
           | I can't even wrap my brain around why you'd trust information
           | this important to a rental computer a thousand miles away.
           | 
           | "Everything digital" is a marketing tool. In reality, it only
           | works when it works. When things go wrong, digital shows its
           | fragility.
        
             | basisword wrote:
             | >> If you're over 40, you can remember the days when it was
             | perfectly ordinary to remember the phone numbers for dozens
             | and dozens of people and businesses. These days, we've
             | allowed computers to think and remember for us (hello,
             | Stackoverflow!) so we don't have to. Memory is a normal
             | skill that many people have lost or neglected.
             | 
             | Heck, if you're over 30 you remember this. The problem
             | though is that you remembered those numbers because you
             | dialled them frequently from memory (and, at least in my
             | location, landline numbers were much shorter than cell
             | phone numbers). If you're not doing this on your smartphone
             | you're never going to be able to remember the numbers. e.g.
             | I can remember all of my childhood friends home phone
             | numbers. I can't remember my partners cell phone number.
             | 
             | I recently considered getting an analogue phone book and
             | noting down all the numbers in my smartphone contacts book
             | just in case I ever lost access to the digital version.
        
               | grogenaut wrote:
               | You likely still have a printer. Print out your contacts
               | and toss them in a safe
        
               | basisword wrote:
               | Yep good call. I just realised the Mac contacts app lets
               | you export it to a nice PDF I can print.
        
             | brnt wrote:
             | > People have been trained to think they need an e-mail
             | address for real-life things, but they don't.
             | 
             | The Dutch government not only defacto requires it, soon an
             | Android or iOS phone with their app will be required too.
             | Only very determined, very patient people with lots or
             | spare time will be able to do without.
        
               | paganel wrote:
               | The Dutch people should probably protest against measures
               | like those.
        
               | brnt wrote:
               | They don't, because they are largely anti-luddites.
        
               | jay_kyburz wrote:
               | I was thinking about this on the way home the other day.
               | I'm the most tech savvy of all my family and friends. I
               | live and breath tech. Code all day, game all night.
               | 
               | But I'm the one who hates all smart home devices. I'm the
               | one who wants a dumb TV. I would be perfectly happy with
               | my dumb phone if it didn't keep pocket dialing emergency
               | services.
               | 
               | I want less tech in my life not more.
        
               | reaperducer wrote:
               | _The Dutch government not only defacto requires it, soon
               | an Android or iOS phone with their app will be required
               | too_
               | 
               | What do poor people do? Or the very elderly? Or those
               | with diminished mental abilities? Or people whose culture
               | eschews technology?
        
               | brnt wrote:
               | They get screwed, in most cases.
        
             | foobarbecue wrote:
             | Pretend he said "phone unlock code" instead of email
             | password. It's 2022. Everything is digital. Auth is
             | essential.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Phones break and get lost/stolen.
               | 
               | All of us--and I include myself although I try to have
               | some backup information on paper--have probably become
               | too dependent on a single physical device which sucks in
               | more and more information every year. See ongoing
               | digitization of driver's licenses.
               | 
               | Especially for international travel, but really
               | generally, I try to make it so I'm not completely screwed
               | if something were to happen to my phone.
        
               | foobarbecue wrote:
               | Yes, the "one device per phone number" restriction is
               | quite annoying. I'd like to have multiple, functional
               | copies of my phone. Instead I settle for a phone and a 4G
               | watch, paying for one phone number for each. Since eSIM
               | providers allow cloning but I haven't tried that yet.
        
               | avh02 wrote:
               | I try to still print out boarding passes when I can cos I
               | don't want to deal with delays or missing a flight if my
               | phone runs out of battery, especially if it's a flight
               | out after a full day out and about. It's also less
               | annoying at the airport fiddling with my phone to get the
               | right barcode up each time it's needed (and no, I won't
               | put it in to Google wallet)
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | I don't go out of way to print boarding passes when I'm
               | on the road. But certainly at home, it takes maybe a
               | minute so why not?
        
               | ddingus wrote:
               | Same. Paper has no downtime.
        
               | ska wrote:
               | I stopped doing this when I realized I hadn't used a
               | single paper one in about 50 flights.
        
               | reaperducer wrote:
               | You'll start doing it again after someone swipes your
               | phone at the airport (yes, this still happens) and you
               | miss your plane waiting in line to deal with the customer
               | service agents.
        
         | dspillett wrote:
         | _> Finding a secure way to store a master password in the event
         | you cannot recall it,_
         | 
         | Currently my master credentials are on an old USB stick (a
         | Yubikey device that I got in an offer, though I only use it to
         | type the long password as if it were a keyboard) and printed
         | (plain and as a QR to save typing issues) & stored well away
         | from the things they secure. The printed copies have the lot,
         | the USB version requires a prefix which I remember.
         | 
         | This may seem risky (the old on-a-post-it-under-the-keyboard
         | issue) but for my online backing and other key stuff the key
         | risk is my password store which is secured by one of those
         | master keys, and its main risk is someone remote getting access
         | to both the key DB and the passphrase and it is properly air-
         | gap secure against that. Similar for the encryption keys for
         | local storage and off-site backups.
         | 
         |  _> or perhaps in the event of your death_
         | 
         | This is a concern I've not at all addressed in my plans. The
         | basics will be putting details in my will for how things should
         | be accessed, but those details need to be both secure from
         | inappropriate access and easy for th eright people to access
         | when the time comes. Though as I have nothing much to leave to
         | anyone that isn't too big a concern yet...
         | 
         | The halfway point is a bigger matter that I (and many others)
         | really should address: what if I'm incapacitated temporarily or
         | otherwise? Someone may need access to my stuff to sort a great
         | many things while I can't. We've had an issue with this with my
         | mother who due to dementia can't even sign her name, so neither
         | she nor my dad couldn't access an account that was only in her
         | name without a _huge_ rigmarole of paperwork and assessments to
         | sort out power of attorney. We 've since got things sorted in
         | advance of further problems (myself and my brothers set up with
         | joint PoA so if something happens to him too we can sort what
         | needs sorting more easily) but I have nothing like that setup
         | for myself for either life stuff or technical stuff (or the
         | things that are both).
         | 
         | I'm in good health as far as I know, but I'm not getting any
         | younger (this year I'm on the cusp of leaving "the low 40s")
         | and I've seen unpleasantly final things happen to people who
         | were similarly good health as far as they knew.
        
         | M4v3R wrote:
         | > First, I'm so glad this turned out to be hypothetical
         | 
         | I've only learned about this is hypothetical from your comment
         | (yes, I'm guilty of not reading to the very end). I wish the
         | author conveyed that a little more clearly.
        
           | enriquto wrote:
           | The first word in this document is "Imagine", how can it be
           | clearer than that?
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | spiffytech wrote:
             | Given all the pictures in the article, I took that to mean
             | "imagine you were in my situation", not "imagine this
             | happened to me".
        
             | skeeter2020 wrote:
             | This is a common setup to build empathy so doesn't always
             | mean "the following is a hypothetical thought exercise",
             | such as "Imagine you find your self in the same situation
             | as me, your house struck by lightning..."
        
             | lupire wrote:
             | Unfortunately the Internet is rife with poor sarcasm and
             | misleading titles.
        
             | aidenn0 wrote:
             | It's ambiguous; the word can be used not only for a
             | hypothetical, but also a "put yourself in my shoes"
        
           | felideon wrote:
           | It also detracts from the main point, which is this _could_
           | happen to someone, but, since it's hypothetical, makes it
           | sounds a lot more unrealistic. The  "fireproof but not
           | lightning-proof" safe gave me pause, for example.
        
           | Macha wrote:
           | If he was actually locked out as described, how would he have
           | made this blog post?
        
         | dmm wrote:
         | > safety deposit box
         | 
         | A firesafe in a friend or relative's basement is a much better
         | choice. Safety deposit boxes regularly get lost, tossed, or
         | sold and the banks have very little liabilty.
         | 
         | https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/19/business/safe-deposit-box...
        
           | loloquwowndueo wrote:
           | Only given how the article assumes everything burned down,
           | your friends house would also have been struck by freak
           | lightning of doom.
        
           | wintermutestwin wrote:
           | I live in a fire prone area. I have a safe deposit box 30
           | mins away in a place that won't burn. I keep a HD there with
           | all my photos on it. I refresh the drive monthly. The chance
           | that this small credit union with maybe 100 boxes will lose,
           | toss or sell my box on fire day is pretty minimal.
           | 
           | Yes, safe deposit boxes are not always as safe as spy movies
           | would have you think (or even that we should assume them to
           | reasonably be), but they can still be used as part of a
           | disaster recovery strategy.
        
           | the_af wrote:
           | > _A firesafe in a friend or relative 's basement is a much
           | better choice_
           | 
           | The article addresses these options and why they are not
           | ideal either.
           | 
           | Also, one thought experiment I just came up with: how many of
           | your friends are you willing to let store their pendrives in
           | your basement's firesafe? How often would you be comfortable
           | with your friends coming to your home to update their
           | pendrives?
        
             | Aeolun wrote:
             | The only thing that needs to be on this pendrive is the
             | master password to the password vault and a separate
             | yubikey.
        
               | foobarian wrote:
               | What is the fascination with pendrives? Can't it be a
               | piece of paper?
        
               | ridgered4 wrote:
               | I suppose they might want to encrypt a pendrive in case
               | it was stolen from the friends housse. But you could do
               | something similar with a piece of paper.
               | 
               | Pendrives aren't known for storing particularly well over
               | the long term so they probably aren't a great choice
               | anyway.
        
               | foobarian wrote:
               | I suppose an overheated safe would not be good for either
               | a flash storage or paper. Maybe engrave the pdf on a
               | piece of metal :-)
        
               | bragr wrote:
               | That's what the scientologists did with all of L Ron
               | Hubbard's books.
               | 
               | https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Library/Shelf/la90/la90-1f.ht
               | ml
        
             | mst wrote:
             | I know several who I believe would be fine with it, all of
             | whom I see regularly, usually down our usual pub, and all
             | of whom would I suspect be happy to do an update at least
             | every couple months in return for me buying them a few
             | drinks for the hassle.
             | 
             | I already have multiple friends who have copies of my house
             | key held in case something really stupid happens, none of
             | whom found that weird and all of whom I'm willing to trust
             | enough that I believe the risk of having multiple such
             | copies extant but unmarked is significantly less than the
             | risk of not having that fallback plan.
             | 
             | In fact, they all considered "being one of the spare key
             | holders" to be an honour more than anything else.
             | 
             | I am very much aware that there are many people whose
             | situations are very different than mine, but it works for
             | me (and they're all wonderful people for whose existence I
             | try to be appropriately grateful.)
        
         | philistine wrote:
         | I have a recovery code for my iCloud written down on a piece of
         | paper, in an envelope marked _for my wife in case of emergency_
         | , in my office at work. There is nothing written on that piece
         | of paper but the code.
         | 
         | It's not perfect security, but it's my security blanket in case
         | my house burns down with my phone in it and I need to rebuild
         | my whole house of cards.
        
         | anonymousiam wrote:
         | It took me about 30 seconds to ask the question: If he's locked
         | out of his digital life, how did he post the story to his blog?
         | From that point on I knew it was hypothetical, but it was still
         | a good read and raises important issues.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | > or perhaps in the event of your death, is something you may
         | also consider.
         | 
         | When my dad died we were glad that he had most of his passwords
         | written down. There are a lot of things like the electric bill
         | that we didn't know if he had paid yet or not, and other bills
         | that are entirely paperless that we have have no idea about.
         | Mom would hate to have something not paid just because we
         | didn't know to pay it. There is a lot of paperwork to get
         | access to accounts after someone dies and that takes time. (dad
         | donated his body to science so that added a couple months
         | before we could even start the paperwork)
         | 
         | Unfortunately there was one account we knew he had (because it
         | showed up in quicken) and an IRA with most of his money, but it
         | took us several months to figure out what bank it was at.
         | Please don't do this to your family: write down all your
         | accounts and their passwords in a safe place that someone
         | trusted will look. (I need to take my own advice)
        
           | ryandrake wrote:
           | Anyone who acts as the "head of their household" and manages
           | the family's finances, pays the bills, and manages the day to
           | day home ops, do your heirs a favor and write out a Death
           | Book[1] today, that contains all your various accounts,
           | passwords, copies of important documents, and so on. PRINT IT
           | OUT and put it in a safe or other secure place. I recently
           | had two acquaintances who died pretty suddenly and young-ish
           | (in their 40s). One was prepared and had his shit together,
           | and it helped his family more easily pick up the pieces while
           | they grieved. The other one did NOT have his shit together at
           | all, and the result was even more stress and phone calls
           | piled on to his family during an already difficult time.
           | 
           | 1: https://www.marketwatch.com/story/to-help-your-heirs-
           | write-a...
        
             | Johnny555 wrote:
             | Good advice - tracking down all of dad's account
             | information was very laborious after he passed away - we
             | found an insurance policy that covered my mom that I assume
             | he didn't know about since he never made a claim.
             | 
             | We have our list printed and locked in a firesafe (which is
             | bolted to the floor and not easy to find for a thief), as
             | well as electronically in a shared 1Password vault shared
             | between my wife and I. My sister (and executor of our will)
             | knows that the paper is in the fire safe, just in case
             | something disastrous happens to both my wife and I. They'll
             | need a locksmith to get in the safe though.
        
         | codetrotter wrote:
         | > the "thing you know" could also be at risk. I realize this
         | the older I get.
         | 
         | Years ago, when I was in university, I had a couple of machines
         | in my room running FreeBSD with full-disk encryption. These
         | machines were powered on for a few months without reboots until
         | one day when the power went out.
         | 
         | Having not typed in the password in months, and at the time
         | using the kind of passwords consisting of long word with a lot
         | of numeric and symbolic substitutions, I was unable to decrypt
         | the disks of my machines.
         | 
         | I lost a fair bit of data that day, but it taught me a valuable
         | lesson.
         | 
         | These days, any passwords that I use for full disk encryption I
         | make sure to
         | 
         | 1. Regularly use. Meaning I'll reboot machines and retype the
         | passwords on a regular basis. Likewise, I connect external
         | encrypted disks on a regular basis and decrypt them with their
         | passwords.
         | 
         | 2. Use pass phrases with many words but without any numbers or
         | special characters. See also https://github.com/ctsrc/Pgen
         | 
         | (For websites etc I use a password manager.)
        
           | kibwen wrote:
           | This is why Android requires users to type their PIN once a
           | week, even if you use biometric authentication. It's an
           | essential practice that needs to be the norm for any
           | biometric auth.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | This is where risk assessment comes into play - people often
           | consider it "evaluate the attackers and how to prevent them"
           | but risks include many things; hardware failures, memory
           | failures, _human_ memory failures, etc.
           | 
           | And one of the biggest risks with encryption is data loss if
           | passphrase are forgotten - using encryption usually involves
           | considering that _data loss_ is better than _data exposure_ -
           | which is obviously true for things like passwords (you 'd
           | rather forget your bank's password than have it exposed,
           | because you can reset it) but not necessarily true for other
           | data.
           | 
           | This can lead to things like encrypted systems but storing
           | the off-site backups _unencrypted_ because they 're off-line
           | and the only real risk is theft. Again, depends on what the
           | data is.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | LazyEvaluation wrote:
         | I'm a big fan of all lower case phrases as passwords now for
         | this reason. Something like "this is my password there are many
         | like it but this one is mine my password is my best friend it
         | is my life I must master it as I must master my life". Very
         | easy to remember. Very easy to type. Very hard to crack.
         | Cheers.
        
           | vikingerik wrote:
           | What do you do for a service that demands uppercase letters,
           | numerals, special characters, and no spaces?
        
       | drivers99 wrote:
       | Always have two or more yubikeys. I think every howto about those
       | tells you about that. This thought experiment is a good reminder
       | I need to physically separate them though.
        
       | jackewiehose wrote:
       | I don't understand the point of having 2FA with your password
       | manager. When I open my password manager on a malware infected PC
       | it doesn't matter how the password vault is opened. Once it's
       | opened it is available in RAM and the malware is able to read it
       | completely anyway.
       | 
       | My passwords are stored in Keepass on an encrypted backup disc,
       | locally and also in another household. There is no way I would
       | make the accessibility to something important like that dependent
       | on additional hardware.
        
         | pertique wrote:
         | I see a few use cases depending on the password manager. For
         | local, it probably doesn't add too much.
         | 
         | For cloud-based solutions, it mitigates the risk of having your
         | master password snooped when typing it in public.
        
       | basisword wrote:
       | >> But, suppose I had stored everything off-site. All I'd need to
       | do is walk up to the bank and show some ID which proved that I
       | was the authorised user of that box.
       | 
       | >> The ID which has just been sacrificed in tribute to mighty
       | Thor and now looks like a melted waxwork.
       | 
       | How is this not the solution? You can get new ID from the
       | government and then access the box.
        
         | krallja wrote:
         | It's just that easy, huh? Here are the problems I would face
         | when trying to get an ID from the government without having any
         | ID.
         | 
         | My state's DMV wants to see:
         | 
         | * One document (with full name) proving identity and date of
         | birth. [A birth certificate.]
         | 
         | * One document (with full name and full Social Security number)
         | confirming Social Security number
         | 
         | * Two documents (with current physical address) proving state
         | residency
         | 
         | The U.S. State Department requires you to apply in person for a
         | new passport if your old one is destroyed. Processing, issuing,
         | and delivering it currently takes about half a year. Oh yeah,
         | and you will need to bring your birth certificate.
         | 
         | I just requested a certified birth certificate from the
         | register of deeds in my county, and they said it SHOULD be
         | ready by December.
         | 
         | So, I should be able to exist again by ... next summer.
        
           | basisword wrote:
           | >> I just requested a certified birth certificate from the
           | register of deeds in my county, and they said it SHOULD be
           | ready by December.
           | 
           | That's...insane. Obviously this all depends on where you live
           | but 6 months to get a birth certificate is crazy. I can get
           | mine in less than 5 working days after I submit my request
           | (which can be done on the phone, in person, or by mail). And
           | that's the standard non-priority service.
        
             | krallja wrote:
             | Yep! Absolutely bonkers. "nObOdY WaNtS tO WoRk AnYmOrE"
             | etc.
             | 
             | Luckily it's not an emergency for me, I just want a copy to
             | put in my fireproof safe...
        
         | nikanj wrote:
         | This was discussed under "Bootstrapping of trust" in the same
         | article. Getting new ID requires money+people who vouch for
         | you, both of which you can't access without having access to
         | them. It's circular dependencies all the way down.
        
           | basisword wrote:
           | Ah, I glossed over it and missed that. I guess the point of
           | this is that it's an absolute worst case scenario, which is
           | highly unlikely for anyone. Most people will have an out
           | (e.g. in reality you probably can find someone to vouch for
           | you - doctor, priest, lawyer, if not friends that live close
           | by and if you can find a friend nearby asking for a lend of
           | $50 for ID application in your time of need will probably be
           | successful).
        
         | tmountain wrote:
         | Where I live, the DMV will issue you a new driver's license
         | without any accompanying documents. They use facial recognition
         | to verify your identity. This brings its own issues to the
         | table, but it solves this problem.
        
       | htrp wrote:
       | Welcome to all of the problems that business continuity planners
       | face.
        
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       (page generated 2022-06-07 23:01 UTC)