[HN Gopher] Tools for Better Thinking
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Tools for Better Thinking
        
       Author : andsoitis
       Score  : 713 points
       Date   : 2022-06-06 22:24 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (untools.co)
 (TXT) w3m dump (untools.co)
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | (2020)
       | 
       | Submitted 3 times in the past month alone
       | 
       | Some previous discussion from a few years back when this was
       | newer https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23339830
        
       | jjn2009 wrote:
       | an (audio)book of this would be great
        
         | BigElephant wrote:
         | How does an audio book help here? A lot of these require
         | visuals to understand.
        
           | [deleted]
        
             | [deleted]
        
       | krick wrote:
       | Does anybody know of something similar, but written in a more
       | elaborate book-like fashion?
       | 
       | It's not about format, of course, it's just that all these model-
       | zoo's are only half of the story -- not useless, but rather
       | _incomplete_. That is, if you learn a lot of them, one day you
       | _might_ remember something and find it useful -- or you might
       | not. This is a bit abstract, but I want to say you rarely ever
       | need any special _tools_ of thinking (or maybe even tools in
       | general) -- you want a _technology_. That is, a relatively broad
       | (but precisely defined) instruction of how to identify and
       | approach a set of problems in some domain. I.e., it is more about
       | _when_ to use a tool or technique, rather than being a exhibition
       | of such tools. I mean, there is important difference -- that 's
       | kinda the difference between going to college and going to a
       | museum.
       | 
       | For example, GTD is a technology (doesn't matter good or bad). It
       | tells you when to use tools/techniques suggested (and a better
       | book would have more showcases and exercises to internalize the
       | idea, IMO). This site or coursera's famous "Models Thinking"
       | course -- aren't.
        
         | dotancohen wrote:
         | > Does anybody know of something similar, but written in a more
         | elaborate book-like fashion?
         | 
         | Not book-like, but I put many things that I learn into Anki:
         | https://apps.ankiweb.net/
         | 
         | I sync it to my phone with AnkiDroid:
         | https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.ichi2.anki
         | 
         | I occasionally review the actual facts as flashcards. But
         | having the notes already in flashcard format has been my secret
         | weapon for seeming intelligent for years.
        
           | DecayingOrganic wrote:
           | This is something I also did in the past. I would "ankify"
           | the books I read, hoping to maximize my retention of the
           | material.
           | 
           | However soon I ran into some problems, turns out I couldn't
           | remember the cues. The same way you can't remember the
           | capital of a country if you don't remember the country itself
           | first!
           | 
           | This led me to question the actual value I was getting from
           | this whole ordeal.
        
             | dotancohen wrote:
             | Thank you for the perspective. Perhaps because I
             | occasionally, but not obsessively, review the material it
             | stick better for me.
        
             | rsanek wrote:
             | I find this happening over the long term (3-5 years after
             | adding) too, but I think of it as more of a feature than a
             | bug. Anki significantly extends the amount of time concepts
             | stay in my brain, but it's unrealisting for me to expect it
             | to do so over a decade or more without my interacting with
             | the source material outside of simply flashcard review.
        
         | stevenjgarner wrote:
         | "De Bono's thinking course" by Edward de Bono influenced me
         | greatly
        
         | caffeine wrote:
         | I found the book "Good Strategy, Bad Strategy" was pretty close
         | to what you are talking about.
         | 
         | * Good definitions of what is or is not a strategy
         | 
         | * How to identify whether you have an actual strategy or just
         | some empty words or a repetition of the objective
         | 
         | * A lot of examples of different strategies, bad strategies,
         | and non-strategies
         | 
         | https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/11721966-good-strategy-b...
        
           | ryloric wrote:
           | Third time I came across this book in less than 10 days. I
           | swear there's a name for this phenomenon..
        
             | louky wrote:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_illusion
             | 
             | I've seen references to this terrorist group multiple times
             | this week!
        
         | nrjames wrote:
         | You might want to check out The Thinker's Toolkit:
         | https://www.amazon.com/Thinkers-Toolkit-Powerful-Techniques-...
        
         | kqr wrote:
         | I like your question. I don't have much of a concrete answer,
         | but systems theory paired with queuing theory has been broadly
         | useful for me in assessing situations and making back-of-the-
         | napkin consequence estimations of various decisions.
         | 
         | Of course, I don't know of any book that teaches systems theory
         | "as a technology" -- it's something I've learned by reading a
         | lot of books on different things and picking up the threads
         | they have in common.
         | 
         | Systems theory relies, really, on a complete map of the causal
         | network of a situation. We're not at a point where we can give
         | a step-by-step instruction for inferring the causal network
         | behind situations. We have some ideas on how to statistically
         | do this in a limited fashion (see Judea Perl) but the general
         | problem is still one of creativity, intuition, fact-checking,
         | Bayesian probability, and so on. You get good at it by doing it
         | a lot in various situations and reflecting on your performance
         | -- the way you get good at most mental skills.
         | 
         | I may have ended up answering a different question to the one
         | you asked, but these were my thoughts.
         | 
         | ----
         | 
         | I guess with all my rambling I'm trying to say that ultimately,
         | "better thinking" boils down to "a more complete understanding
         | of situations" and the best way to get there in my experience
         | has been the scientific method, democracy (in the true sense of
         | the word), and curiosity. These are very complex technologies
         | that are not easy to teach.
        
           | lobocinza wrote:
           | It's not what he asked me but what you said reminded of this
           | blog:
           | 
           | https://harishsnotebook.wordpress.com/
        
         | donjoe wrote:
         | I recommend Haberfellner - Systems Engineering (ISBN
         | 303013430X).
         | 
         | The Incose handbook for systems engineering:
         | https://www.incose.org/products-and-publications/se-handbook
         | 
         | (You might be able to find an older version for free)
         | 
         | Disclaimer: I've been participating in a Systems Engineering
         | master program @ university a while back which was based on
         | both Haberfellner (and is finally available in English also)
         | and Incose.
        
         | rramadass wrote:
         | You may find the following useful;
         | 
         | * The Thinker's Toolkit: 14 Powerful Techniques for Problem
         | Solving by Morgan Jones.
         | 
         | * Mindware: Tools for Smart Thinking by Richard Nisbett.
        
         | thomaspaillot wrote:
         | You might be interested in reading << The Macroscope >> from
         | Joel de Rosnay. A good read if you're interested in the theory
         | behind systems thinking.
        
         | lstamour wrote:
         | Has it been so long that folks have forgotten
         | https://gamestorming.com/ ? It used to be a classic.
         | https://learning.oreilly.com/library/view/gamestorming/97814...
         | 
         | Here's an updated version, maybe? https://coda.io/@dave-
         | mastronardi/gamestorming-a-toolkit-for...
        
           | wodenokoto wrote:
           | > Has it been so long that folks have forgotten
           | https://gamestorming.com/ ?
           | 
           | Forgotten? I've never even heard of it.
        
             | lstamour wrote:
             | Interesting. Just searched HN and it seems you're right, it
             | didn't get much traction with developers, perhaps because
             | it was billed as a facilitation toolkit and not about how
             | to generate or validate better startup ideas, like Design
             | Sprints.
             | 
             | http://eurydice13.com/2019/01/how-to-prepare-for-and-run-
             | a-d... shows something of an example of how it used to
             | work. It made more of a splash in UX and Design circles.
             | For example: https://talks.ui-patterns.com/videos/design-
             | practices-for-co...
             | 
             | There was a point in time where it seemed like I was seeing
             | it everywhere. At conferences, meetings, university
             | classes, hackathons and any number of presentations, etc.
             | 
             | Here it was at SXSWi in 2011:
             | https://www.imagethink.net/game-storming-sxswi/
             | 
             | Also: https://co-learning.eu/tags/gamestorming/
             | 
             | It's true that once Google Venture's Design Sprints book
             | took off, it became a bit of a benchmark in the space of
             | collaborative idea workshops etc.
             | 
             | But before Design Sprints, there was Gamestorming.
             | https://vimeo.com/18880751 It might seem a bit overblown.
             | I'd call it a brand name that happens to reflect a style of
             | work popular before Agile and Scrum made everything cookie-
             | cutter from a backlog.
        
       | darekkay wrote:
       | If you want to consume the Untools content via a daily RSS feed,
       | check out my project: https://tips.darekkay.com/
        
       | derelicto wrote:
       | This is one of the hacker new posts that makes me open 50 tabs
        
         | laybak wrote:
         | haha same! "# new tabs opened" is a poetic metric
        
           | yakshaving_jgt wrote:
           | https://xkcd.com/214/
        
       | phforms wrote:
       | I think it is telling that most of the tools on this website (and
       | in similar collections I have seen) are diagrammatic in nature.
       | Diagrams might have been the most important "tools for thought"
       | since our ancestors invented lists, tables, calendars and maps,
       | long before recent note-taking app startups used this expression
       | for their marketing purposes (which is absolutely fair and I am
       | always happy to see when thinking tools become more popular
       | outside of business/science contexts).
       | 
       | I think it has something to do with how intertwined structure is
       | with diagrammatic representation. Models as well as systems are
       | all about structure, which is why you often see them represented
       | in diagrams (and if you don't, you may still think about them in
       | diagrammatic terms). And yet, historically diagrams have often
       | been neglected in science until very recently.
       | 
       | I believe digital tools are still missing a lot of their
       | potential as thinking tools because of how text-centric they are.
       | I don't suggest that it could have been different, given
       | technical constraints and demands, but maybe computers would aid
       | our thinking much more if they would actually allow us to more
       | freely and intelligently draw diagrams. Ivan Sutherlands
       | Sketchpad was a great step in that direction (I am sure most of
       | you have seen it: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sketchpad) and
       | more recently the work of Bret Victor
       | (http://worrydream.com/MediaForThinkingTheUnthinkable/). But in
       | many regards I believe that paper is still superior to what we
       | have done so far.
        
         | chrisweekly wrote:
         | Obsidian.md is a pillar in the modern "Tools for Thought" space
         | (along with logseq and Roam Research). Obsidian's plugin
         | ecosystem is enormous, and features robust, bidirectional
         | integration with Excalidraw. Notes in your diagrams, diagrams
         | in your notes... combining text and visual/spatial sketch and
         | whiteboard tools is profoundly powerful.
         | 
         | https://github.com/zsviczian/obsidian-excalidraw-plugin
         | 
         | Now there's also ExcaliBrain which builds on Obsidian's graph
         | view:
         | 
         | https://github.com/zsviczian/excalibrain
        
         | movedx wrote:
         | I use miro.com because it lets me thinking visually. I can
         | represent ideas and thoughts with sticky notes, images, tables,
         | embedded videos, etc., and then draw conclusions or find
         | problems, allowing me to go on to make better decisions.
         | 
         | I think making "cave man drawings" (diagrams, lists, etc.), as
         | I call them, when trying to think through some things is a
         | clever way of starting out.
        
           | ramoz wrote:
           | Similar with excalidraw.com
        
             | phforms wrote:
             | I agree, Excalidraw has been a revelation to me and I use
             | it all the time to sketch out ideas/concepts, models and
             | designs. Most diagram tools never embraced the "thinking in
             | action" aspect of diagramming and rather focus on
             | production of graphical artifacts for presentations.
             | Excalidraw gets out of my way and just lets me focus on the
             | thinking.
             | 
             | Miro also has a very intuitive and well thought-out UI and
             | I like how it is like a big desk where you can work on
             | multiple sheets/frames, move them around, connect them,
             | zoom in/out even in real-time collaboration. But it also
             | (like most of these apps) seems to me very business-
             | focussed, which is fine but I think everyone should have
             | something like this (or like Excalidraw) as a standard app
             | on their computer, just like every OS has some sort of
             | Notepad.
        
       | dukeofdoom wrote:
       | Needs a Youtube video on each model.
        
         | rawgabbit wrote:
         | Video for Cynefin: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N7oz366X0-8
         | Cynefin argues (a) well defined problems are the realm for
         | automation - if this then that. (b) slightly complicated
         | problems are the realm of architects - waterfall and project
         | plans. (c) very complex problems are the realm of
         | experimentation - capitalism and its creative destruction,
         | minimum viable prototypes, wisdom of the market. (d) chaos
        
       | totetsu wrote:
       | Reminds me a bit of The Decision Book.
       | 
       | https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/9793361-the-decision-boo...
        
       | dorfsmay wrote:
       | Minto pyramid is really interesting to me because, although I had
       | never heard of it before, I tend to read articles from the end
       | for this exact effect.
       | 
       | I also studied math this way, trying to do the exercises, looking
       | at the answers and throughout the materiel to complete them, then
       | read the materiel for start to finish. Any time I tried to read
       | first I wasn't able to grab the concepts.
        
         | nine_k wrote:
         | Doesn't every scientific paper follow this rule? An abstract to
         | quickly give the key ideas, an intro describing these key ideas
         | in more depth, the gory details for those interested in
         | methodology and repeatability.
         | 
         | It's a great format; I wish most non-fiction followed it.
        
         | d23 wrote:
         | This reminds me of the inverted pyramid style of journalism:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverted_pyramid_(journalism)
         | 
         | Unless I'm trying to do something stylistic, I pretty much
         | always try to structure my writing this way. Especially
         | technical writing.
        
         | revicon wrote:
         | I met Barbara Minto at a small dinner several years ago. She is
         | an amazing person and had great stories from her time in
         | consulting. I've used her system so many times when I'm having
         | trouble putting a complex situation into words
        
       | adamnemecek wrote:
       | I think that there are like three concepts in math or the world,
       | the concepts being the adjoint, norm and fixed point.
       | 
       | https://github.com/adamnemecek/adjoint
       | 
       | The concept of a fixed point is so ubiquitous.
        
         | jackthetab wrote:
         | ELI5?
         | 
         | I couldn't make heads or tails out of that or the first linked
         | page.
        
         | motohagiography wrote:
         | Intuitively I knew an idea like this must exist, but had no
         | idea of how it could be formulated. If it is indeed accurate,
         | even just to a point, it's probably one of the most important
         | abstractions/heuristics/ideas I have ever read.
         | 
         | > _Adjointness is only a part of the story. One often sees
         | equations of the following form inverse(x) = adjoint(x)
         | /norm(x). Once you have adjoint and norm, you magically get
         | inverse._
         | 
         | That said, I am often spectacularly ignorant and easily seduced
         | by simple views of complex things, but if there were name for
         | this form or axiom, like Nemecek's axiom or something, I hope
         | it sticks.
        
         | rahimnathwani wrote:
         | Do you know of a gentler introduction, for someone with less
         | math background? Or does it only make sense after reaching a
         | certain level of mathematical maturity?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | DrJaws wrote:
       | This reminds me a lot to FS mental models, they even have some
       | books
       | 
       | https://fs.blog/mental-models/
        
       | rpmuller wrote:
       | Does anyone know of _programming_ tools for better thinking? I
       | used to be a very good programmer, and now I run a large research
       | organization. One would think that there would be ample
       | opportunity to use my programming skills to better manage the
       | organization, but there 's little more than exploring business
       | data using Excel. The closest I've come is the Thinking in
       | Systems stuff that Donella Meadows and her colleagues have done.
       | 
       | Are there other Thinking Tools for programmers who want an edge
       | in managing large groups?
        
       | austin362667 wrote:
       | I'm using this one, https://heptabase.com/
        
         | wanderingmind wrote:
         | Looks nice, but may I ask how is it different from Freeplane
         | which is also a mindmap but FOSS.
        
           | cal85 wrote:
           | I haven't tried either yet, I've just taken a look... But I'd
           | say 'looks nice' downplays a pretty major difference.
           | Heptabase appears to be in a completely different league of
           | UI quality. UI quality is pretty central to the functionality
           | of visual knowledge management. It's not a software category
           | in which you can reasonably separate form and function into
           | separate concerns.
        
         | thegabriele wrote:
         | Too bad they don't offer a free trial (with a lot of
         | limitations, of course).
        
       | yboris wrote:
       | _Daniel Dennett_ has an excellent book _Intuition Pumps And Other
       | Tools for Thinking_ https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0393348784
       | 
       | Here's a short article about it: https://fs.blog/dan-dannetts-
       | thinking-tools/
       | 
       | One lovely idea I liked from the book is a recommendation,
       | whenever in an argument / discussion, is to understand the other
       | person's point of view and articulate it so well, that they say
       | "I couldn't have said it better myself". Because it is starting
       | from that point that can you can know you're not strawmanning or
       | misunderstanding each other.
        
       | craigkerstiens wrote:
       | Big fan of some of Barbara Minto's stuff. There is a great talk
       | on executive communication and applying the Minto method from
       | Michael Dearing in the Heavybit library -
       | https://www.heavybit.com/library/video/executive-communicati...
        
         | personjerry wrote:
         | Isn't the "Minto Pyramid" just this?
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverted_pyramid_(journalism...
        
           | agumonkey wrote:
           | "hedge against unreliability"
           | 
           | funny how this is often the source of inventions
           | 
           | - separation of concerns in document/web creation
           | 
           | - layers/composable/virtual concepts in programming
        
             | nine_k wrote:
             | Also, layered security.
        
         | tmaly wrote:
         | her book is great, I have the 97 version.
        
           | itsmemattchung wrote:
           | Agreed. Amazon is notorious for their written culture. While
           | working there, this book was listed as a recommended read for
           | anyone interested writing clear, concise prose and I'm so
           | glad to have picked up the (97) version of this book
        
       | HellsMaddy wrote:
       | I'm seeing a lot of good systems thinking recommendations here,
       | and I would add "Thinking in Systems" by Donella H. Meadows.
       | 
       | At the moment, I am particularly interested in finding good books
       | and resources on communication. Especially verbal, critical,
       | collaborative communication, and receptiveness/openness. Team and
       | interpersonal focused stuff. There are so many resources out
       | there, but I'd like to hear about what other HN users have found
       | useful.
        
       | Pamar wrote:
       | Has anyone mentioned TRIZ yet?
       | 
       | --- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRIZ
        
       | monroewalker wrote:
       | Similar to https://fs.blog/mental-models/
        
         | motohagiography wrote:
         | Highly recommend the newsletter as well. What's smart about FS
         | and this Untools site is these models are compact ideas you can
         | iterate the logic of into some really sophisticated views.
         | 
         | Things like the Ishikawa diagram on Untools are really new
         | worldviews. I bought Edward Tufte's data visualization books
         | back at the turn of the century, and his objection to
         | powerpoint reduced to how the form of a visualization conveys
         | an underlying logic of ideas by virtue of the dimensions it
         | displays and the number of them that were strictly meaningful
         | ("ink to data ratio"). Viz that only displayed one data
         | variable but added a bunch of "chartjunk," like effects and
         | weird shapes, was not informative but essentially just bizarre
         | totalitarian propaganda.
         | 
         | Some of these mental models and decision support tools are
         | multi-variate systems for evaluating pretty much anything,
         | which makes them almost the basis for alternate ideologies
         | about how to evaluate a dynamic or criticize an idea. Sometimes
         | I suspect what we think of as genius is really just a privately
         | developed ideology based on a few evaluation principles like
         | the ones linked on this thread.
        
           | monroewalker wrote:
           | Hm, how is the Ishikawa diagram more useful than an outline?
           | They seem to capture and structure information very similarly
        
             | kqr wrote:
             | It implies a different direction, I suppose. One of
             | constructing a whole from parts, rather than decomposing
             | the whole into parts.
             | 
             | This can be meaningful in cases where the whole changes as
             | part of the construction process. If I wanted to
             | deconstruct the things in soap, I would probably not have a
             | branch for "lye", because all lye has (thankfully) reacted
             | away from the end product. But if I constructed a fishbone
             | chart for the same soap, then lye is one of the first
             | ingredients I would list.
             | 
             | Sometimes looking at the same thing from a different angle
             | helps you realise things you otherwise wouldn't. If you
             | find it does not, then an outline is good enough for you!
        
       | darkerside wrote:
       | It would be neat to make this a little more interactive. Let
       | people post comments about how they've used them successfully,
       | and allow star ratings.
        
       | ramoz wrote:
       | Wow, such an effective & relevant overview. I'm 30yo, and this is
       | first time I've ever subscribed to a website newsletter.
        
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       (page generated 2022-06-07 23:03 UTC)