[HN Gopher] Largest airship built in United States since 1930s t...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Largest airship built in United States since 1930s to take shape
       soon
        
       Author : simonebrunozzi
       Score  : 236 points
       Date   : 2022-06-02 07:42 UTC (15 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.beaconjournal.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.beaconjournal.com)
        
       | tonetheman wrote:
       | Wonder how they will deal with the current helium shortage? The
       | article did not mention it. :(
        
       | 0000011111 wrote:
       | If the ship can travel at 100mph the travel time for a 10,000
       | mile flight would be about 100 hours or 4 days.
        
       | Barrera wrote:
       | > Pathfinder 3 will initially be powered by batteries, Weston
       | said. But the goal is to have the helium-filled airship powered
       | by hydrogen fuel cells, he said.
       | 
       | This is worth expanding on. There is a worldwide shortage of
       | helium [1]. It's being aggravated by ongoing natural gas supply
       | disruptions:
       | 
       | > The helium shutdown in Arzew is a result of high natural gas
       | demand in Europe, due in large part to Russia's invasion of
       | Ukraine. Helium is found alongside natural gas in conventional
       | wells. Algeria normally compresses natural gas into liquid form
       | at Arzew for global transport by ship. During that process, it's
       | economical to extract helium because it liquefies at much higher
       | pressures and lower temperatures than natural gas, explains
       | industrial gas consultant Jon Raquet.
       | 
       | > But now, much of Algeria's natural gas is being sent to Spain
       | via pipeline, making separation impractical. The industrial and
       | rare-gas advisory firm Edelgas Group estimates that liquefied
       | natural gas production in key regions is down 30% from January,
       | leading to a 10% drop in global helium supply.
       | 
       | And it's not like we're talking about just a little helium,
       | either:
       | 
       | > ... Pathfinder 3, at 600 feet long and 100 feet in diameter, is
       | designed to carry about 20 tons and be able to traverse as many
       | as 10,000 miles using electric-only, zero-emission propulsion.
       | 
       | Running some back-of-the-envelope math, we can think of this as a
       | cylinder roughly 400 feet long (to take account for tapering on
       | either end) and 100 feet in diameter. That's 3.14 x 50^2 x 400 =
       | 3.1 million cubic feet of He just to fill. It doesn't even
       | account for ongoing resupply, testing, etc.
       | 
       | The US is the largest producer of helium at 77 million cubic
       | meters [2]. With a conversion factor of 35:1, that puts the
       | volume of the airship at ~ 886,000 cubic meters. So we're not
       | talking about consuming _all_ of the US production of helium, but
       | it 's not insignificant, either.
       | 
       | > The United States is the largest helium producer worldwide. In
       | 2021, the production of helium in the U.S. stood at approximately
       | 77 million cubic meters,
       | 
       | [1] https://cen.acs.org/business/specialty-chemicals/War-
       | Ukraine...
       | 
       | [2] https://www.statista.com/statistics/925214/helium-
       | production...
        
         | JasonFruit wrote:
         | In a rigid airship, the lifting gas is usually contained in
         | smaller balloon-like cells inside the frame, which do not fill
         | anywhere near all the available space. Your estimate is
         | probably considerably over, though your concern is still
         | reasonable.
         | 
         | (EDIT: they're not called ballonets; ballonets are used to
         | maintain pressure in a non-rigid airship.)
        
       | wly_cdgr wrote:
       | I can't inspect element or right click on their homepage, it says
       | these things are disabled? What the heck?
        
       | jimwalsh wrote:
       | This is being built in my hometown. That hangar is amazing every
       | time I have visited it. There are even stories of it raining
       | inside and having it's own weather systems [1] . Really great to
       | see them building more blimps again, and pushing what has been
       | done before.
       | 
       | 1.
       | http://www.slate.com/blogs/atlas_obscura/2015/07/20/the_good...
        
       | dredmorbius wrote:
       | So, going blue-sky big-picture here, the long-term appeal of
       | airships seems to be in transoceanic travel alternatives to
       | heavier-than-air craft.
       | 
       | I'm starting to think that transoceanic trains might actually be
       | a more viable alternative. There's been some very preliminary
       | exploration of this.
       | 
       | It turns out that for several heavily-travelled routes, the water
       | distances involved are actually reasonably short. Most notably
       | the Bering Straight link from Alaska to Siberia, 82 km (51 mi)
       | wide at its narrowest point.
       | 
       | Traversing the Atlantic would be more formidable, possibly a
       | multi-hop bridge from Newfundland to Greenland to Iceland to
       | northern Scotland. Other links include the Timor Sea (between
       | Australia and Indonesia), Gibraltar, and the southern Atlantic
       | crossing from, say, Recife, Brazil, to Freetown, Sierra Leone,
       | about 3,000 km (1,900 mi).
       | 
       | Norway has proposed "floating tunnels" as a technological option
       | to bridge fjords for vehicle traffic for its E39 coastal highway
       | project. These might work for transoceanic rail links: tunnels
       | would float deep enough beneath the surface to be spared wave
       | action and collisions with shipping traffic, but shallow enough
       | that pressures would be reasonable. Depending on speeds, even the
       | longest crossings (3,000 km) might take from 15 to 3 hours (200
       | kph to 1,000 kph).
       | 
       | Costs and risks are of course high. The project might be limited
       | to, say, automated freight transport initially. But it's not
       | obviously impossible, and could prove an alternative to either
       | slow boat or high-emissions aircraft for future transport and
       | travel.
        
       | leoc wrote:
       | Isn't there anything else Sergey Brin should be spending his time
       | and attention on? Google's free rein in its early years surely
       | had a _lot_ to do with the fact that Page and Brin were
       | successfully marketed as nice guys who could be trusted to be
       | responsible stewards of Google. However stupid the rest of the
       | world may have been to ever take this on faith, it is still on
       | Page and Brin to keep their end of the bargain now. Together they
       | still control the company outright, so (IANAL) they can do
       | whatever they want. Let 's be clear: everything that is wrong
       | with Google's products and services--or at least, everything that
       | is reasonably obvious, fixable in a reasonably obvious way and
       | can be fixed without really enraging the other shareholders, at
       | the very least--is on Page and Brin personally, as individuals.
       | And there are many such things. The fact that in-document search
       | (search!) performs atrociously on large Google Docs, causing real
       | difficulty for literally millions of people and organisations, is
       | something that Larry and Sergey could fix but choose not to. The
       | lads have clearly, some time ago, decided that the hard,
       | unglamorous work of stewarding Google--Google!--is work beneath
       | their dignity and below their abilities: that instead their
       | talents are needed for other, more high-impact things, like
       | playing with airships. That really isn't so, and the rest of us
       | need to stop going along with the pretense.
        
         | nextstep wrote:
         | Google should stop building a massive surveillance apparatus
         | for the entire world, but this would hurt their ad business,
         | plus any other monetizeable ways they can shape public opinion.
         | And those changes would certainly enrage their shareholders.
        
           | leoc wrote:
           | Sure, there's a lot more which they should or should arguably
           | do. But I wanted to focus on the clearest examples, and
           | people will jump on the excuses of fiduciary duty and
           | shareholder lawsuits if you give them the chance.
        
         | mr_beans wrote:
         | Ah yes, everyone's favorite pastime, telling billionaires how
         | to spend their money.
        
           | leoc wrote:
           | I draw your attention to this part of my comment:
           | 
           | > Google's free rein in its early years surely had a lot to
           | do with the fact that Page and Brin were successfully
           | marketed as nice guys who could be trusted to be responsible
           | stewards of Google. However stupid the rest of the world may
           | have been to ever take this on faith, it is still on Page and
           | Brin to keep their end of the bargain now.
           | 
           | Being the proprietors of Google isn't something that Page and
           | Brin could hypothetically do if they wanted to, it's the job
           | that they already have now. And again, unlike Larry Ellison
           | spending all his money on cancer research or whatever, it's
           | not something that others want to push them into. Being the
           | nice guys who will run Google in a responsible, positive-sum
           | manner is a role that they to a large extent made up
           | themselves and rather successfully auditioned for, and they
           | were happy to enjoy the rewards, extremely valuable rewards,
           | of reduced public and government scrutiny that came with it
           | in Google's earlier years. (It's also more their time and
           | their initiative than their money which is being demanded,
           | but that's relatively incidental.)
           | 
           | It's also not as if they've simply gone "played you, so long
           | suckers" and disappeared into partying or empire-building or
           | personal weirdness with no concern for what the rest of the
           | world thinks about them. It's fairly clear that they _still_
           | want to enjoy public admiration and respect for some of the
           | things they 've been doing. Perhaps because it's good PR for
           | Alphabet, or because it's something that they care about on a
           | personal level: it doesn't matter which. Of course they
           | should be asked about their already existing, more important
           | commitments before they're rewarded with this. Naturally your
           | missing alimony payments or the orphanage you used to support
           | are not off-topic when you're being photographed unveiling
           | the plaque with your name on it at the new lion enclosure at
           | the city zoo.
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | It's apparently just another rich guy toy.
       | 
       | Silicon Valley had a nice zeppelin from 2008 to 2012.[1] The CEO,
       | who was qualified to pilot the thing, used to show up at
       | steampunk conventions. He said it was the best handling airship
       | built up to that time, and he'd flown a few others. Steerable
       | fans under computer control make those things far more
       | manageable, and docking without an army of line handlers becomes
       | possible.
       | 
       | Unfortunately, they launched a luxury tourism project at the
       | beginning of a recession. Then, around 2011, the pride of helium
       | doubled. It was just too expensive to operate.
       | 
       | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airship_Ventures
        
       | khendron wrote:
       | > [Pathfinder 3] will be the largest airship built in the United
       | States since the Macon was built [by Goodyear] in 1932
       | 
       | They conveniently do not mention the Macon's sister ship, the
       | Akron, which crashed in 1933 killing 73 people.
        
         | martinclayton wrote:
         | Two died when the Macon itself was lost in 1935.
        
       | harveywi wrote:
       | Finally, the US Government putting all that inflation to good
       | use.
        
       | fukpaywalls2 wrote:
       | Stupid question. What's to prevent some no good kid or state from
       | using a green laser to slice the blimp open?
        
       | puranjay wrote:
       | I'm a little curious how someone becomes an airship pilot.
       | 
       | I understand that the core skills from airplanes would carry
       | over, but how do you create the protocols and best practices for
       | piloting a completely new vehicle that hasn't been flown in
       | nearly 90 years? Do the practices from 90 years ago still apply?
        
         | jpgvm wrote:
         | Zeppelin and Good Year have been flying blimps and semi-rigid
         | airships continually, there are quite a number of qualified
         | airship pilots as a result.
         | 
         | As for transfer from airplanes, only somewhat. Airships have a
         | lot in common with boats/sailing but really they are very much
         | their own thing with their own set of constraints and
         | difficulties.
        
       | gboone wrote:
       | Neat side fact about the Akron Airdock[0]: at some point in the
       | past each 600-ton door on the end needed a drive replacement. My
       | grandfather's company was called in to fix it, but the cost to
       | replace it to spec was too costly. I don't recall the exact
       | specifics but the engineer on the job told me the original opened
       | the door in under 8 minutes. To lower the cost of the replacement
       | they put in a smaller drive but it takes something like 20-30
       | minutes to open the door. I suppose this video could be used to
       | estimate the total time[1].
       | 
       | [0] https://www.nps.gov/articles/goodyear-airdock.htm [1]
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9YS1maXSR30
        
         | greggsy wrote:
         | 20 minutes seems reasonable tbh. It's not like they're going to
         | rush them out the door in preparation for an enemy attack.
        
           | ethbr0 wrote:
           | Presumably they wanted to rush it out the door _before_ an
           | enemy attack on the hangar.
           | 
           | It's not very fast, butpre-radar I imagine you don't need to
           | get very far away either.
        
             | kjs3 wrote:
             | Or before a nasty storm blew in and damaged the airship.
        
       | xcambar wrote:
       | Finally, after almost 100 years, we are overcoming the trauma
       | caused by the incident of the Hindenburg[1]. I am really looking
       | forward to what opportunities it may open.
       | 
       | [1]: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/LZ_129_Hindenburg
        
         | ahoka wrote:
         | Or any other airship that crashed within years after making...
        
           | Noughmad wrote:
           | Which is to say, almost all of them
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_airship_accidents
        
         | mytailorisrich wrote:
         | It's not really the Hindenburg disaster that caused their
         | demise.
         | 
         | Aeroplanes became superior by all useful metrics and there
         | hasn't been a practical reason to use airships since.
         | 
         | Depending on cost, there might be a niche market for some types
         | of freight but that's all I can think of, along with tourism.
        
           | xcambar wrote:
           | A reasonable argument seems to account for the cargo capacity
           | per unit of pollutive emission.
           | 
           | I don't have the numbers but my wishful-thinking-o-metre is
           | high.
           | 
           | And since that metric was off the radars in 1930s, that is
           | definitively new compared to the last era of airships.
        
         | CaptArmchair wrote:
         | Those opportunities would be limited. Given that commercial
         | airlines operating airplanes were in it's infancy before WWII,
         | there was a potential market for rigid airships.
         | 
         | World War II changed all that. The Hindenburg wasn't just a
         | commercial airship, it was very much used as a propaganda prop
         | by the German regime in the 1930s. By the time of the
         | Hindenburg disaster, the market for commercial flight was about
         | to be stymied by the War.
         | 
         | The disaster didn't just create trauma, above all it marked the
         | end of an era of relative infancy in human flight. And even at
         | the time, competing airlines already were building long range
         | aircraft such as Pan Am / Boeing's famous "Yankee Clipper".
         | 
         | Technological advances and massive investments during the War
         | favored airplanes such as we know them today. In the late
         | 1940-1960's, airplanes allowed for cheap and fast international
         | travel which could easily be scaled upwards. By that time, few
         | if anyone wanted to spend 9 days crossing the Atlantic in
         | luxury if traveling from London to NY could be done in mere
         | hours.
         | 
         | I don't see airships ever taking back a significant chunk of
         | that market. If anything, they might appeal to certain niches.
         | Maybe in the same vain as one could - even today - still ride
         | parts of the Orient Express in style.
        
           | MonkeyClub wrote:
           | > I don't see airships ever taking back a significant chunk
           | of that market.
           | 
           | I would agree, not without a change in the market's
           | parameters.
           | 
           | Environmental parameters coming into play can usher in such a
           | change, though - I'm thinking of the lower carbon footprint
           | of an airship compared to that of an airplane, that could
           | push a change through.
           | 
           | I'm all for airships too, to be honest, as long as they are
           | so cool and spacious as the one in Indiana Jones.
        
             | jandrese wrote:
             | It seems like we should be able to make a solar cell light
             | enough to cover the top of an airship and use electric
             | power. Most solar aircraft don't make sense because there
             | isn't enough surface area to get a minimum amount of power
             | to keep the aircraft aloft. Airships don't have this
             | problem. The issues are weight and expense and being
             | limited to operating only during the day. Cloud cover isn't
             | a huge issue, you can rise above it.
        
           | antupis wrote:
           | I think there is big opportunity windmill blade
           | transportation now how to transport blade is the limiting
           | factor and airlifting those huge blades to construction site
           | would solve this. https://www.utilitydive.com/spons/wind-
           | turbine-blade-sizes-a...
        
           | Apocryphon wrote:
           | Modern air travel outside of business class and select
           | airlines like Lufthansa is a far cry from the luxury and
           | glamour of the Pan Am days. Maybe people will pay to take a
           | cruise among the clouds.
        
             | valzam wrote:
             | The question is price. Air travel 'sucks' but has also
             | become a lot more accessible, even long haul. If an airship
             | takes 4 days and costs the same as business class on a
             | regular plane I think many people will just business class.
        
               | EricE wrote:
               | Your assuming that for airship travel the journey
               | wouldn't be the point of the trip, not an inconvenience
               | in getting from point A to point B.
               | 
               | With that kind of thinking there would be no market for
               | ocean cruise ships - but there is :)
        
               | jccooper wrote:
               | There's a market for cruise ships... as a destination.
               | There's basically no market for ocean liners. There's,
               | what, one left?
               | 
               | Perhaps people could be convinced to take an "air
               | cruise", though it'll never have the amenities of a ship,
               | but as transportation there's very little room for slower
               | and more expensive.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | And there is a transatlantic ocean liner option--albeit
               | on a fairly limited basis.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | >Modern air travel outside of business class and select
             | airlines like Lufthansa is a far cry from the luxury and
             | glamour of the Pan Am days.
             | 
             | Not really. It was comfortable if you had first class
             | seating--at a price above today's business class. But the
             | first class lounge was fairly lightly used for the most
             | part and became business class seating when that level of
             | service came in. While airports are worse in some ways
             | because they're often so crowded, modern international lie-
             | flat business class seating is more comfortable in general
             | --and there are more entertainment options--than first
             | class on Pan Am was.
        
               | 0des wrote:
               | Lie flat does not exist for those of a normal height if
               | you're talking about the luxury pods. Those business
               | class sleepers are tiny and you will have to crook your
               | knees.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | I'm six foot and am pretty comfortable in them. In any
               | case, they're more comfortable (even if you don't put
               | them all the way down) than old first class seats--which
               | were basically like the seats you get in most domestic
               | business class today.
        
               | 0des wrote:
               | Just six foot? Lucky you! I say that with sincerity from
               | the top of my head to my crinkled flight-legs.
        
               | bhelkey wrote:
               | > Lie flat does not exist for those of a normal height if
               | you're talking about the luxury pods.
               | 
               | > Just six foot?
               | 
               | The average height for men in the US is 5'9" [1]. The
               | Netherlands is the world's tallest country with an
               | average height of 5'11" [1].
               | 
               | [1] https://www.healthline.com/health/average-height-for-
               | men#u-s...
        
             | Symmetry wrote:
             | The big difference is that back in the day we had the
             | interstate commerce commission establishing a minimum
             | ticket price so that airlines didn't have to engage in
             | "ruinous" price competition. Everyone had to pay what would
             | now be business class ticket prices but everybody got
             | business class service because that was the only thing
             | airlines could compete on.
        
           | newsclues wrote:
           | Not for passenger but heavy lift transport.
        
             | csunbird wrote:
             | That's what I am wondering as well. Can airships replace
             | long distance truck lines?
        
               | newsclues wrote:
               | They won't compete with rail, but last mile logistics
               | especially to remote or austere regions, absolutely.
               | 
               | I believe someone else mentioned wind turbines, which is
               | a great idea.
        
               | csunbird wrote:
               | To be fair, nothing can compete with rail on land, but
               | replacing trucks might be a nice idea, especially for
               | international hauls, as there would be no extensive
               | border and customs check in every country on the way.
        
           | jedberg wrote:
           | Taking an airship would be like taking a cruise but in the
           | sky.
           | 
           | Also one advantage airships have is that they can dock to
           | pretty much any tall building. The Empire State Building has
           | airship docking capability.
           | 
           | Imagine taking a transatlantic cruise on an airship that
           | leaves from the top of the Empire State Building and docks at
           | the top of the Eiffel Tower?
        
             | sampo wrote:
             | > The Empire State Building has airship docking capability.
             | 
             | This photo shows a much less tall airship mooring mast.
             | 
             | https://rarehistoricalphotos.com/mooring-mast-1930s/
             | 
             | It doesn't look like that kind of mooring would be up to
             | the modern safety standards, especially when you add high
             | winds that are common at the top of skyscrapers.
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | > Without doubt, the tallest mooring mast ever designed
               | was the spire of the Empire State Building which was
               | originally constructed to serve as a mooring mast,
               | although soon after converted for use as a television and
               | radio transmitter tower due to the discovered
               | infeasibility of mooring an airship, for any length of
               | time, to a very tall mast in the middle of an urban area.
               | 
               | The picture below has an airship getting flipped on its
               | nose by a gust of wind while moored to a tower.
               | 
               | It seems to me that airships really need two mooring
               | masts. One at the front and another at the back. Maybe
               | the one at the back flips up to lock on once the one in
               | front is secure?
        
               | lonelyasacloud wrote:
               | Tbh, it'd probably be inherently safer. The ship should
               | be easier to control because the air at the top of a
               | skyscraper is likely to be less turbulent. And if there
               | is an unexpected down draught, then there is a lot more
               | leeway before the ship and its compliment get smashed
               | into the ground.
               | 
               | Ground handling and docking is one of the main, and
               | fairly frequently fatal, causes of airships accidents,
               | see
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_airship_accidents.
               | Fwiw mitigating is definitely possible. But it requires
               | specialised docking equipment to be available anywhere
               | they are to set down. Which is why I suspect they'll make
               | rather better Bazillionaire play things than humanitarian
               | aid delivery mechanisms. They are very cool though.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _like taking a cruise but in the sky_
             | 
             | Minus the lift v. float economics. That would strike at
             | some combination of affordability and availability of
             | attractions.
        
             | ptero wrote:
             | That would be very risky: those monsters aren't friends
             | with the wind. Any glitch and a lot of power gets applied
             | to that building. Another glitch and a large frame falls
             | down on the street.
             | 
             | You can read reports of Nobile airship trips. And wind
             | could delay trips by days.
        
               | mirekrusin wrote:
               | You wait for hurricane, typhoon and/or cyclone for quick
               | travel.
        
               | reaperducer wrote:
               | Apparently not too risky, since, as the parent pointed
               | out, in the early part of the previous century, it wasn't
               | unusual for tall buildings to be used for airship
               | docking.
               | 
               | The Empire State Building mooring wasn't a one-off. There
               | were many others. What is now the InterContinental Hotel
               | in Chicago was one.
        
               | ptero wrote:
               | Thank you, I will look it up. I wonder what the success
               | rate was for those, I thought they sometimes went to
               | backup locations.
               | 
               | I read accounts of using airships in the exploration of
               | the North in the early 20th century and I got the
               | impression that they often dropped ropes in a clear spot
               | away from the exact landing point and were led by a
               | landing team to the final docking, which would be hard to
               | do in the middle of a city today.
        
               | nsonha wrote:
               | That's because human lives were cheaper back in those
               | days. The problem with docking a giant people carrier
               | above a densely populated area is that you have even more
               | lives at stake.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | We send airplanes over densely pack cities all the time.
               | We even let the rather pointless Goodyear blimp do so.
               | Docking an airship would be safer if the area beneath it
               | was completely clear such as a river, but in normal wind
               | conditions it isn't particularly dangerous.
        
               | ptero wrote:
               | Goodyear blimp only flies in relatively good weather. On
               | airplanes over cities though: compare the cross-section
               | and the corresponding force exerted by the wind on a
               | modern jet and a blimp. Jet engines can compensate for
               | wind gusts that would make landing an airship in a tight
               | spot hopeless.
               | 
               | A fun example:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZPn3MBNt7Rc
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Airline landings really aren't very precise which is why
               | runways are so wide.
               | 
               | In terms of wind, airships with the right control systems
               | can be designed to hold position in 50+MPH guts. That
               | takes a lot of power and rapid response, but modern
               | airships can do 110kph and presumably commercial adoption
               | would need higher speeds.
        
               | ptero wrote:
               | > In terms of wind, airships with the right control
               | systems can be designed to hold position in 50+MPH gusts.
               | That takes a lot of power and rapid response
               | 
               | I am not sure: countering the change in direction seems
               | very hard. But I do wish luck to those who are working to
               | push this technology along.
               | 
               | > modern airships can do 110kph
               | 
               | That is how fast the Zeppelins of 100 years ago traveled:
               | cruising speed of 76 mph.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | The response speed is via reversible variable pitch
               | propellers, which is a very cool technology.
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable-
               | pitch_propeller_(aero...
        
               | nsonha wrote:
               | Any flying machine has some maneuverability when flying
               | PASS a populated area, even in emergencies. If you just
               | dock above the area at all time, it will increase the
               | risk immensely.
        
             | NickRandom wrote:
             | I also used to 'sort of know that' and then I came across
             | something on YT about the updraughts and air turbulence
             | etc. Can't find the clip I saw but this link says pretty
             | much the same.
             | 
             | "A popular myth claims that the top of the Empire State
             | Building was meant to serve as a docking station for
             | dirigibles, but the building's owners say that the story is
             | just hot air."
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_wimlrgwhgg
        
               | Aeolun wrote:
               | Sibling comment has a page that says:
               | 
               | > Without doubt, the tallest mooring mast ever designed
               | was the spire of the Empire State Building which was
               | originally constructed to serve as a mooring mast,
               | although soon after converted for use as a television and
               | radio transmitter tower due to the discovered
               | infeasibility of mooring an airship
               | 
               | Now I'm curious what it actually is.
        
               | gbronner wrote:
               | They did build the Empire state building with a mooring
               | mast and a a lounge / ticket area and a way for the
               | passengers to get on the plane. But it was purely
               | speculative, and though they took publicity photos, they
               | never used it(remember: there were only a handful of
               | commercial airships).
               | 
               | There used to be a commercial heliport on top of the Pan
               | Am Building over Grand Central Station. The first
               | helicopter crash that sent chunks of metal flying 600
               | feet down to streets with huge amounts of foot traffic
               | permanently closed it. I'm sure something similar would
               | have happened had the Empire State Building 'port'
               | actually been used.
        
               | NickRandom wrote:
               | Unlike the Empire State Building airship dock, the Pan Am
               | heliport was an actual and working mini 'airport' with
               | regular scheduled flights / pick-ups-drop-offs for years.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | This is also why none of the companies building powered
               | lift eVTOL aircraft like Joby and Lillium are unlikely to
               | achieve mass market success. Even if they can achieve FAA
               | certification, there aren't enough places to land in
               | dense urban areas.
        
           | kiliantics wrote:
           | Appropriate taxation on fossil carbon could make a
           | difference. Flying in kerosene-fueled planes should be made a
           | lot more expensive than any alternatives.
        
           | socialdemocrat wrote:
           | I don't think airships are as bad as it may seem today.
           | Perceived badness is a lot due to lack of networking effects
           | which airplanes enjoy today. There is infrastructure for
           | landing airplanes everywhere. If the same had existed for
           | airships I he economics and practicality of using airships
           | would have been very different.
           | 
           | Many of the problems that existed with airships in the past
           | are solved today. Weather forecasts are much better today.
           | Elevation can be controlled better with compressors which can
           | expand and reduce volume of ballonets on demand combined with
           | propellers which can be more fine controlled and directed to
           | cause lift of descent.
           | 
           | Not to mention access to a plethora of advanced materials
           | they did not have in the 30s.
           | 
           | Most importantly we are in a green shift. When airplanes took
           | over nobody cared about CO2 emissions. Airships can
           | realistically run using electric motors driven by batteries
           | or preferably fuel cells. For airships volume matters less,
           | so you can more easily have large quantities of hydrogen in
           | the ship. In theory you could use hydrogen as lifting gas and
           | fuel.
           | 
           | The dangers of hydrogen is somewhat overrated. Hindenburg was
           | about paint coating more than hydrogen. We also got much
           | better techniques for handling it yet today. You can have an
           | outer shell of a different gas e.g.
           | 
           | During WW1 German airships got frequently fired on without
           | causing any them much damage. They had to fly close with
           | incendiary grenades to take them out.
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | Additionally, the USS Shenandoah crash:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Shenandoah_(ZR-1)#Crash_of...
         | 
         | The USS Akron loss:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Akron#Loss
         | 
         | The USS Macon loss:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Macon_(ZRS-5)#Loss
         | 
         | Only the USS Los Angeles was decommissioned (not crashed):
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Los_Angeles_(ZR-3)#Operati...
        
         | redwall_hp wrote:
         | Ironically, this vessel is being built in Akron, and the loss
         | of the USS Akron was a dirigible incident that resulted in many
         | more deaths than the Hindenburg.
        
         | panick21_ wrote:
         | It wasn't actually the Hindenburg that was the problem. It was
         | that they were simply lost the competition in the market. They
         | are just not really viable for 99% of applications.
        
         | wardedVibe wrote:
         | While they are extremely cool, what tangible benefit do they
         | have over airplanes?
        
           | serial_dev wrote:
           | From the article:
           | 
           | > LTA's goal is to build huge airships to provide
           | humanitarian aid in places where conventional transportation
           | can't reach, such as in the aftermath of a disaster. (...)
           | "We believe that lighter-than-air technology has the
           | potential to revolutionize humanitarian relief efforts with
           | its ability to reach remote locations that have little or no
           | infrastructure," Weston said.
        
             | SenHeng wrote:
             | Sounds like they could re-use whatever they had from Google
             | Balloons or whatever it was called.
        
               | Jabbles wrote:
               | Maybe he influenced the decision to open source all the
               | data?
               | 
               | https://techcrunch.com/2021/09/30/alphabet-gives-some-
               | loon-p...
        
             | Jabbles wrote:
             | I don't really understand how these are meant to help -
             | they are extremely slow and can't carry very much weight.
             | Surely airdrops from conventional planes would be more
             | effective even if there is no infrastructure for them to
             | land?
             | 
             | I'm trying to think of a scenario where this would actually
             | be more beneficial than other means of transport.
        
               | xcambar wrote:
               | Agreed. In the humanitarian scenario in a war zone, an
               | airship just looks like a very big, very visible target.
               | I don't understand this use case, except if you consider
               | that humanitarian corridors are always respected in
               | warfare but then it's just being naive.
        
               | serial_dev wrote:
               | I was thinking more along the lines of earth quakes,
               | hurricanes, mud slide in the mountains, tsunamis.
               | 
               | Again from article
               | 
               | > Pathfinder 3 (...) is designed to carry about 20 tons
               | and be able to traverse as many as 10,000 miles using
               | electric-only, zero-emission propulsion.
               | 
               | A quick search tells me that an Mi-26, the largest cargo
               | helicopter can carry approximately the same weight.
        
               | Jabbles wrote:
               | But the article doesn't say how fast it can travel, which
               | is extremely important in reaching disaster zones. Even
               | if you're travelling from, say, Miami to Haiti is 1000km,
               | so I guess it would take 30 hours? But providing aid to
               | Tonga after the recent volcano seems unlikely with this
               | airship.
               | 
               | Sergey Brin also has a ship that provides aid:
               | https://www.indiatimes.com/technology/news/sergey-brin-
               | secre... - so I don't know what advantage he sees in this
               | airship.
        
             | wardedVibe wrote:
             | Yeah, I'd take an osprey or helicopter for that use case.
             | People w/out infrastructure usually need things fast. Or
             | maybe https://flyzipline.com/ which uses drones
        
           | hetspookjee wrote:
           | If we'd account correctly for airplanes and boats for the
           | enormous emissions they have, than I think a full electric
           | slow floating airship like this would be tremendously
           | beneficial. However, for it to be economically feasible it
           | also oughtta have similar subsidies like planes and ships
           | have with their zero emission taxes.
        
             | eutectic wrote:
             | Container ships are hard to beat for efficiency.
        
               | antupis wrote:
               | but you cannot use container ships in Nevada.
        
               | wardedVibe wrote:
               | Trains are the land equivalent of container ships. If
               | they work for Switzerland, they can work anywhere
        
               | xcambar wrote:
               | And new sail-assisted container ships will improve things
               | further in terms of environmental efficiency... if they
               | ever become an actual thing.
        
               | yreg wrote:
               | Or nuclear cargo ships.
        
           | ZeroGravitas wrote:
           | Efficiency, cost and low carbon seem the obvious ones:
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28278515
           | 
           | That links to a YC company building small cargo blimps
           | introducing themselves and providing some good detail:
           | 
           | > We build small unmanned cargo airships and use them to move
           | air freight at half the cost per mile of a small plane.
        
             | martin_a wrote:
             | > We build small unmanned cargo airships and use them to
             | move air freight at half the cost per mile of a small
             | plane.
             | 
             | What a marketing BS. It's also probably like 1/10th of the
             | speed (in the best case) and whatnot else.
             | 
             | If you hang fruit low enough, anybody can pick them.
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | > half the cost per mile of a small plane.
               | 
               | Half the cost of the most expensive mode of
               | transportation.
        
               | ZeroGravitas wrote:
               | They go into reasonable detail about where this trade-off
               | makes sense (e.g. deliveries to intermediate warehouses
               | in Alaska), they're not suggesting to replace all other
               | transport with blimps.
        
           | Apocryphon wrote:
           | I wonder if there are still any military applications for
           | airships in modern warfare.
        
             | hutzlibu wrote:
             | There are ideas for drone carriers and communication hubs.
        
               | heavenlyblue wrote:
               | How is that better than a truck?
               | 
               | Moreover, is there a design of an airship that doesn't
               | create a radar blimp the size of medium-sized asteroid?
        
               | hutzlibu wrote:
               | Trucks cannot move over hard terrain for instance and
               | communication works way better with direct line of sight.
               | 
               | But yes, they are not easy to hide, are vulnerable and
               | cannot be not deployed on the frontlines because of this,
               | but rather in the back.
               | 
               | But they can stay up for eternity.
        
           | hutzlibu wrote:
           | Efficency, especially when covered with solar panels.
           | 
           | You could basically fly without fuel.
           | 
           | Planes on the other hand are indeed much faster etc. but they
           | only are because they burn lots of kerosine.
           | 
           | But all in all, as long as kerosine remains so cheap,
           | airships cannot compete, except in niches.
        
           | miniwark wrote:
           | They have many disadvantages compared to planes, like they
           | are slower, can't take a lot of passengers and need special
           | infrastructures.
           | 
           | But there is a niche for advertisement, aerial photography,
           | observation platforms, heavy weight transportation and of
           | course tourism.
           | 
           | See for example the seven Zeppelin NT, witch seem to have
           | find some usage: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeppelin_NT
        
             | Stratoscope wrote:
             | I got to ride on a Zeppelin NT when Airship Ventures was
             | operating flights on the SF Peninsula. It was pretty great.
             | 
             | Here's a previous comment with some links and photos of my
             | flight:
             | 
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=21662645
        
             | masklinn wrote:
             | > heavy weight transportation
             | 
             | Airships are absolute garbage at heavy lifting.
             | 
             | The lifting power of hydrogen or helium is about 1kg/m^3.
             | This means as you scale weight up the size of your envelope
             | grows quickly which greatly hinders manoeuvrability. And
             | obviously the increase in envelope size means you need more
             | structure and systems (propulsion & al) which are heavier
             | and reduce your useful payload.
        
             | ericmay wrote:
             | > But there is a niche for advertisement
             | 
             | ... great more pollution
        
             | vintermann wrote:
             | Deutsche Zeppelin-Reederei has been going for 21 years now.
             | It's the one bright light in the sea of airship projects.
             | They're not exactly aiming to take over the world of
             | aviation, though.
        
             | antupis wrote:
             | actually when now I start to think self flying zeppelin
             | moving cargo containers slowly using electricity would be
             | pretty cool. First you could start with windmill blade
             | transportation and then move to other stuff.
        
           | doctor_eval wrote:
           | I'm gonna guess that they can loiter for a long time?
           | 
           | Also if I read it right their cargo capacity is about double
           | that of a 747-400F.
           | 
           | Edit: nope, it's 1/5th the cargo weight of a 747.
        
             | tgv wrote:
             | Yeah, you can maximally lift the weight of the air you're
             | displacing, right? That plane can carry 124000kg. Air is
             | about 1kg/m3 at sea level, so that requires a balloon of
             | 124000m3 (assuming the balloon and gas weigh nothing).
             | That's a cube of 50x50x50 meters under optimal assumptions.
        
               | doctor_eval wrote:
               | "Hi, we heard you needed help, so we sent the Borg"
        
         | konschubert wrote:
         | Tropical islands? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CargoLifter
        
       | imgabe wrote:
       | This is what being a billionaire is all about.
        
         | boeingUH60 wrote:
         | Or having your private fleet of fighter jets...
         | 
         | https://sharpmagazine.com/2018/02/15/inside-draken-internati...
        
           | IfOnlyYouKnew wrote:
           | Or getting into stupid fights on Twitter.
           | 
           | On a more serious note: we never knew how good we had it with
           | the likes of Gates of Buffet. Or even Rockefeller.
        
             | serial_dev wrote:
             | Billionaires getting into stupid Twitter fights is very far
             | from the worst things they do (or can do).
        
             | hollander wrote:
             | Musk may be an incredible prick on Twitter and be a
             | terrible boss to get orders from, his vision gave us Tesla
             | and Space X, both ground breaking and needed developments.
             | He is a man of vision, not a manager or people person. And
             | his vision is limited to technology, not economics or
             | politics. But if you're that rich, you can come to think
             | that you know it all.
        
               | jedberg wrote:
               | You mean he had the vision to buy an electric car company
               | and a rocket company, both of which existed before he got
               | there?
        
               | xcambar wrote:
               | That is poor use of rhetorics.
               | 
               | Because he didn't start it doesn't mean he didn't
               | contribute to the development of the company.
               | 
               | Also, no one can claim that success would have been at
               | the doors without his input.
               | 
               | Note: I'm not defending Musk here as much as I am
               | opposing the rationale of the argument.
        
               | eszaq wrote:
               | Pretty sure Elon founded SpaceX himself. If you have a
               | good source for the claim that it existed before he came
               | along, you should take the matter up with Wikipedia.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | Acinyx wrote:
               | SpaceX existed before he got there? Citation needed.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | While Tesla existed before Musk joined it, it also had
               | zero sales -- Musk was part of the series A funding in
               | 2004, their first public prototype was 2006, Eberhard was
               | asked to step down in 2007 and did so Jan 2008, the first
               | actual delivery Feb 2008 -- and also electric cars were a
               | joke at the point Musk invested in Tesla (the hype was
               | hydrogen and ethanol to be the green fuels of the
               | future). As 99.7% of the market cap gain happened since
               | 2010, and therefore under Musk's leadership, I definitely
               | count Musk as more relevant than Eberhard (although even
               | then, organisation and salesmanship is not enough by
               | itself, but I'm not going to get sidetracked here into
               | means of production).
               | 
               | SpaceX, however, I believe was literally founded by Musk.
        
             | imgabe wrote:
             | If 90s Gates had Twitter, that would have been a sight to
             | see...
             | 
             | People think he's just a nice guy philanthropist now and
             | forget he got there by being an absolutely ruthless,
             | cutthroat monopolist.
             | 
             | Rockefeller literally had a camp of union organizers
             | machine gunned and hired thugs to set fire to his
             | competitors shipments so maybe he's not the best example,
             | either.
        
               | dumpsterlid wrote:
               | He is also kind of awful for the medical research world,
               | he has no qualifications to be a massive force in it
               | (with his non-profit) and yet he basically distorts the
               | whole field into having to agree to his terms because it
               | is so difficult to advance in the field if the gates
               | foundation shuns you.
        
           | slac wrote:
           | Disappointed that this was not a fleet of SAAB Draken
           | fighters.
        
       | iostream24 wrote:
       | That's so cool... cruising in style silently... It's so different
       | than either land traffic over road or rail or "must move forward
       | or falls down" rapid air transport.
       | 
       | Some have already called such airships the yachts of the future.
       | 
       | There will obviously be problems involved as numbers increase,
       | maybe we can control them in ways we failed to consider on other
       | transport lifestyle adoptions we've done.
        
       | noja wrote:
       | Do we have enough helium for this? What is the leak rate?
        
         | piker wrote:
         | I believe Helium is a fission byproduct and thus not especially
         | limited in theory.
        
       | bluedays wrote:
       | Wow this belongs on /r/titlegore
        
       | saalweachter wrote:
       | I'm going to admit it.
       | 
       | I'm a little disappointed this is another "billionaire tried to
       | solve humanitarian problems with novel tech" stories and not an
       | "eccentric billionaire plans to never set foot on the ground
       | again" story.
        
         | Aeolun wrote:
         | I think either is fine as long as they build amazing 600ft+
         | airships.
        
           | cto_of_antifa wrote:
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | stickfigure wrote:
       | I'd like to see this concept revisited with modern technology:
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AeroLift_CycloCrane
       | 
       | https://hackaday.com/2016/10/06/maybe-your-next-robot-should...
       | 
       | http://www.robcrimmins.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/1982-N...
       | 
       | Basically an aerial crane which solves the buoyancy problem by
       | spinning the whole thing like a helicopter. It's neutral by
       | itself; if you want to pick something up, you increase rotational
       | speed and generate lift with airfoils.
       | 
       | I saw this thing as a kid on a trip through Tilamook OR. Seemed
       | really neat, though I'll bet it was tough to control with
       | early-80s electronics. It would be fun to build a hobby version
       | out of drone parts.
        
       | black_13 wrote:
        
       | perilunar wrote:
       | I'm sceptical about the practicality and economics of large
       | airships, but I'd love to see small airship 'yachts'.
       | 
       | Santos-Dumont's Dirigible No.6 [1] could 40km/h with a 12hp
       | engine in 1901. It had a 630 m3 balloon (33m long x 6m diameter,
       | total mass ~600 kg). With modern engines, materials, and
       | modelling you could make a very comfortable and quite speedy 2-3
       | person yacht in that size.
       | 
       | 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santos-Dumont_number_6
        
       | qikInNdOutReply wrote:
       | Wish we could encapsulate vacuum stable without much material,
       | that would have the best of lifts.
        
         | qikInNdOutReply wrote:
         | Or some super electrically charged exotic condensator material
         | which would keep away from one another by nature of charge
         | while the charge also makes it keep away from the wall and keep
         | the relative vaccum enclosing diamond tent aflaot.. a man can
         | dream.. a man can dream.. Vacum with powder
        
       | kozak wrote:
       | As far as I understand, helium is a non-renewable fossil
       | resource. So a sustainable airship design should be using
       | hydrogen instead. The challenge is to make it safe.
        
         | throwaway744678 wrote:
         | I reckon helium is not "consumed" by using it in the airship.
         | Eventually, it may leak to the atmosphere, but it is not
         | destroyed or lost.
        
           | jillesvangurp wrote:
           | The point of helium is that it is light. So, any helium that
           | escapes, goes up and eventually leaves out atmosphere.
        
             | stackbutterflow wrote:
             | How did it end up on earth in the first place?
        
               | __s wrote:
               | Radioactive decay
        
         | shreyshnaccount wrote:
         | You just need a sun
        
         | chrisseaton wrote:
         | > As far as I understand, helium is a non-renewable fossil
         | resource.
         | 
         | No it's a by-product of decay of heavier radioactive elements.
         | It's often found dissolved into fossil gas deposits, but it's
         | not a fossil resource.
        
         | sampo wrote:
         | > As far as I understand, helium is a non-renewable fossil
         | resource.
         | 
         | Helium deposits don't originate form organic matter, so they're
         | not fossil.
        
         | marksbrown wrote:
         | Vacuum is the ideal. Taking the molar mass of air at 28.8g/mol
         | at STP we can see a density of air at about 1.225 kg per metre
         | cubed. Combined with the volume of the bag we have the uplift.
         | We quickly find that empty flexible bags collapse with nothing
         | to provide an atmosphere of pressure back out thus the
         | compromise of low mass gasses. These still add weight to our
         | vessel diminishing our carrying capacity.
         | 
         | Therefore the best solution is hot hydrogen.
        
           | i5heu wrote:
           | There is no light and strong enough Material that can keep a
           | vacuum in the size needed for a Zeppelin on earth so it could
           | fly.
           | 
           | On mars this could work.
           | 
           | The brain confusion that a room of vacuum is lighter then air
           | and will therefore have a lift is amusing.
        
             | jfim wrote:
             | I think you misinterpreted what the parent is saying.
             | 
             | He's saying that a bag that contains only vacuum would be
             | the lightest, but as it contains nothing, it would just
             | collapse into having no volume due to the atmospheric
             | pressure. That would obviously provide no lift. As such,
             | you need something in the bag that will fill the space.
        
       | eterm wrote:
       | Bit odd to shorten the future tense "to be built" in the article
       | to the past tense "built" in the headline.
       | 
       | Also, "largest built in the US since the 1930s" really isn't
       | saying too much, how much manufacturing of airships does the US
       | do?
        
         | rsynnott wrote:
         | The US built a couple of very large rigid military airships in
         | the 30s (intended to carry small airplanes!) and then never
         | built any large airships of significance again. So, yeah, kind
         | of a meaningless claim. The proposed airship is 180m long; USS
         | Akron was 239m.
        
           | JKCalhoun wrote:
           | Doing a little googling, we might have built three
           | (Shenandoah, Akron, and the Macon), a fourth one (the Los
           | Angeles) was built by Germans.
        
           | WalterBright wrote:
           | I thought their construction was done by the Zeppelin
           | factory.
        
         | johnnymorgan wrote:
         | I'm only aware of the one company in the UK.
         | 
         | Pretty cool tech tbh and it feels like pairing up with self-
         | flying drones is the next step.
         | 
         | Seems like the economics for 100ton lift is looking better now.
         | 
         | Trucks were cheaper but I'm not sure if that still holds today
        
           | billbrown wrote:
           | Hybrid Air Vehicles is the British company -
           | https://www.hybridairvehicles.com/
        
         | samatman wrote:
         | Airship includes blimps, so, since the 1930s? A reasonable
         | number, small but not zero, single-digit-per-decade it looks
         | like.
         | 
         | I don't understand your objection to the sentence even if it
         | said "zeppelin" frankly.
        
       | Melatonic wrote:
       | The military is also going big time in on airships again. Gonna
       | be interesting!
        
       | poulpy123 wrote:
       | I'm absolutely fascinated by airships and would love to see them
       | roam the skies again, but last time I looked at it they had too
       | many drawbacks:
       | 
       | - they are very sensitive to the weather condition, especially
       | winds
       | 
       | - they are more economical in fuel compared to airplanes but
       | maybe not enough to compensate for their slowness
       | 
       | - they use either hydrogen which is very dangerous or helium
       | which is available in limited amount (and afaik already in
       | tension)
        
       | Apocryphon wrote:
       | Finally, tech billions being put to good and _original_ aerospace
       | use, not yet more Mars rockets.
       | 
       | Next bring that airship to Venus.
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=8760732
        
         | trhway wrote:
         | >tech billions being put to good and original aerospace use
         | 
         | i wish they would put some of those money to adjust FAA rules
         | for the modern development - drones, human carrying
         | multicopters, and whatever others things may come if the rules
         | become friendly for innovation
        
           | mrcartmeneses wrote:
           | All this red tape keeping us alive! How dare they not let me
           | put tons of material into the sky, let it move around as fast
           | as I like and expect me to be liable if it lands on some
           | toddler's head.
           | 
           | Aviation is fucking dangerous. I know, I knew many private
           | pilots of experimental aircraft growing up, some of which
           | died in accidents.
           | 
           | One guy died when his seat slid backwards while climbing out
           | from takeoff causing him to pull back on the yoke and cause a
           | stall. This is a stupidly common way to go.
           | 
           | Another died when his twin lost engine power on one side,
           | again during takeoff, and he spun into the ground.
           | 
           | The list, unfortunately goes on. Neither of those particular
           | two on the list died in experimental aircraft, although the
           | pilot of the twin did survive an earlier crash in an
           | experimental during landing, where he misjudged the time it
           | takes to spool up a jet engine.
           | 
           | Do not take private companies putting things I to the sky
           | lightly.
        
             | throwaway744678 wrote:
             | "Move fast and break things" would be an appropriate and
             | fun motto, though.
        
             | trhway wrote:
             | >Aviation is fucking dangerous.
             | 
             | in particular because many aspects of it is technologically
             | half a century behind. Stone age regulations prevent any
             | meaningful advancement. It is like all the cars would still
             | be manual transmission, no ABS, nor traction control...
             | 
             | >pull back on the yoke and cause a stall
             | 
             | VTOL multicopter wouldn't have such a stall
             | 
             | >Another died when his twin lost engine power on one side
             | 
             | Instead of cemented in time by regulations twin, having say
             | 10 electric engines would mean that loss of one would
             | result in just small automated readjustment of trust/power
             | distribution.
        
               | MichaelZuo wrote:
               | Regardless of how advanced technology becomes, flying
               | objects have inherently more momentum and since momentum
               | is based on velocity squared, the strictness of
               | regulation of flying vehicles should never be less than
               | an order of magnitude more than ground vehicles of the
               | equivalent weight.
        
               | trhway wrote:
               | speed/energy and reaction time of human or control
               | machinery dictates separation distance. Thus drones for
               | example can hover much closer to each other than say a
               | separation distance between human controlled cars doing
               | 90mph on highway.
               | 
               | Most of the new aircraft development would contain a lot
               | of automation to the point of self-flying. The dense
               | network of automated traffic control for such new
               | aircraft would be another thing that only billionaires
               | could really do. That would allow to take out of equation
               | a lot of human errors that make current aviation
               | dangerous.
        
               | MichaelZuo wrote:
               | And when the automation fails or the vehicle malfunctions
               | who will take on the liability?
               | 
               | And the liability is inherently far greater than ground
               | vehicles. For example, right now it's practically
               | impossible to accidentally drive a ground vehicle,
               | certainly not something less than a ton, into highly
               | sensitive places like the pentagon/nuclear weapons
               | storage facility/military base.
               | 
               | But it's very easily imaginable that an automated
               | aircraft less than a ton could fly itself into such a
               | place, accidentally or intentionally, and cause a serious
               | kerfuffle.
               | 
               | Or to put it another way, it's thousands of times more
               | costly to protect airspace from intrusion than ground
               | space.
               | 
               | To cover the possibility of the owner being unable to pay
               | out to cover the costs of disruption, liability insurance
               | similar to car insurance would likely be mandatory, just
               | thousands of times more.
               | 
               | If flying vehicles became deregulated and instead had a
               | mandatory minimum insurance requirement for $1 billion of
               | liability then it's effectively the same. Because that's
               | the realm of very serious folks with large legal teams
               | anyways.
        
             | anthony_r wrote:
             | Lol, indeed.
             | 
             | Imagine that you have to explain to drone pilots that even
             | a very small drone is completely unacceptable in an airport
             | vicinity. Yes, your 0.5kg drone can seriously damage the
             | compressor of an engine!
        
               | trhway wrote:
               | > if it lands on some toddler's head
               | 
               | > in an airport vicinity
               | 
               | GP's and parent's strawman fallacy based line of argument
               | reminded a video where Putin was explaining why it is so
               | hard to get a protest permit in Russia - "Imagine if your
               | protest happens in front of a children hospital, and thus
               | it can block a live saving delivery."
        
               | infinityio wrote:
               | out of interest, in the hypothetical situation where
               | drones are allowed near an airport, and a kid tries to
               | film a plane landing and accidentally takes out a plane
               | engine, doing 10s of millions of damage, who do you think
               | should be responsible? Would insurance be required for
               | things like this?
        
               | trhway wrote:
               | why would be drones allowed near airports? I mean, of
               | course, in the future with drones integrated into
               | automated traffic control where it makes sense, and it
               | would make sense in sensitive areas, there can be
               | imagined a need for the drones to fly near airports, yet
               | today why everybody brings airports up when there are
               | huge swaths of other space where drones and other stuff
               | could have been flying if not for prohibition?
        
               | anthony_r wrote:
               | I do not know what your point is.
               | 
               | But there are lots of cases where people fly cheap
               | commercial drones around an airport, and that is
               | completely unacceptable. It could easily result in a
               | criminal charge and even prison time.
        
         | panick21_ wrote:
         | There is only one Mars rocket.
        
       | helsinkiandrew wrote:
       | This is a cool project, but there's been lots of abandoned
       | airship projects (commercial and military) since the 1930s. Have
       | things really changed since then? No new technology really solves
       | the main issue that they're fairly slow, don't tend to work well
       | in bad weather and can take a lot of infrastructure to land
       | safely.
       | 
       | I'm not an expert but for disaster relief a few military cargo
       | planes could be refuelled midair and drop 20 tons of aid on
       | parachutes to most of the world fairly quickly.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airship#Postwar_period
        
         | sudhirj wrote:
         | The cargo planes can't lift people out, though. You could
         | evacuate over a 100 people at a time on one of these ships,
         | which seems incredibly useful.
        
           | alistairSH wrote:
           | The Boeing C-17 can absolutely carry people. It's designed
           | for paratrooper operations as well as cargo. As noted, you
           | can cram hundreds of people into one of the goal is fast evac
           | not comfort.
        
           | flohofwoe wrote:
           | The Americans famously evacuated >800 people out of
           | Afghanistan in a single C-17 flight. Airships could be useful
           | though if they can land "anywhere" (on the other hand, a
           | single Mi-26 helicopter can also carry 90 people, and
           | probably many more if crowded in the same way as that C-17
           | flight).
           | 
           | https://edition.cnn.com/2021/08/20/politics/military-
           | cargo-p...
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mil_Mi-26#Specifications_(Mi-2.
           | ..
        
       | Quindecillion wrote:
       | One of my dreams is to own an airship like this that acts as a
       | second home, or an extension to a land-bound home. I wonder how
       | feasible that would be...
        
       | julian37 wrote:
       | Reminds me of Cargolifter, they tried something less ambitious
       | and failed... but that was 20 years ago, at the very height of
       | the dot com boom. Better luck to the Pathfinder 3 team! It would
       | be amazing to see airships revived.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cargolifter
        
         | danbruc wrote:
         | _[...] Cargolifter [...] tried something less ambitious [...]_
         | 
         | Cargolifter aimed for twice the size in all dimensions
         | resulting in eight times the capacity, 160 tonnes as compared
         | to 20 tonnes.
        
       | silentOpen wrote:
       | Seems like a waste of scarce He.
        
         | lixtra wrote:
         | There will be plenty of He from fusion reactors - in about 20
         | years ;)
        
         | Apocryphon wrote:
         | These are but necessary early-generational craft, the
         | descendants of which will be used to explore the upper
         | atmosphere of the Jovian planets. And to mine them for helium
         | and other gases, with which will then be used as fuel for
         | airships on Earth, I guess.
        
         | thematrixturtle wrote:
         | As opposed to, say, balloon animals?
        
           | silentOpen wrote:
           | Seems like a waste of scarce He.
        
           | doctor_eval wrote:
           | Yeah I totally do not get that.
           | 
           | Also hydrogen might be more fun. _POP_
        
       | notafraudster wrote:
       | Naive but skeptical questions:
       | 
       | - How much of the carrying capacity is eaten up by the batteries
       | necessary to hit the range target?
       | 
       | - Would anyone operationally want to fly a 10,000 mile flight? Is
       | speed a huge barrier for trying to do this in a single round the
       | world flight?
       | 
       | - Is helium scarce enough that there'd be negative externalities
       | for medical helium if they actually produce these in any numbers?
       | 
       | - What's the status quo ex ante here? I would guess you airlift
       | relief supplies to the nearest safe staging zone using a herc or
       | similar and then use chinook or similar to get directly to the
       | disaster zone? Is there actually a problem to be solved here?
       | 
       | (I like dirigibles and electric tech, so I hope there are good
       | answers to all of these that make me look foolish)
        
         | lisper wrote:
         | Helium is a non-renewable [1] resource. Once it's gone, it's
         | gone forever, and we are running out.
         | 
         | https://www.cnbc.com/2019/06/21/helium-shortage-why-the-worl...
         | 
         | [1] Earth's helium supply comes from decaying uranium, so it is
         | kinda-sorta renewable, but the renewal time scale is millions
         | of years.
        
           | eldenwrong wrote:
           | No we are not running out. There's a lot, its just not
           | profitable to mine.
           | 
           | Just like there is almost infinite gold in the earth
        
             | IntrepidWorm wrote:
             | Yes, you are correct. Contrary to gold, however, which is
             | largely useless and ornamental (aside from some marginal
             | use in microelectronics), helium is necessary for a large
             | amount of critical medical infrastructure, as well as
             | research at cryogenic temperatures, superconductors, etc.
             | To see helium steeply rise in price according to supply and
             | demand would spell disaster for many of these applications.
        
               | teruakohatu wrote:
               | The meme that gold is useless is not true. It is not used
               | nearly as much as it could be due to price, but it has
               | plenty of medical uses:
               | 
               | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187395
               | 981...
               | 
               | If gold were as cheap as iron, it would be ubiquitous in
               | society.
        
               | lisper wrote:
               | Also, gold doesn't spontaneously escape into space if
               | it's not contained.
        
               | amlib wrote:
               | But it might get robbed if not properly secured..
        
               | lisper wrote:
               | Unless it's robbed by space aliens, that doesn't diminish
               | the recoverable supply.
        
               | dredmorbius wrote:
               | That all depends on the temperature ;-)
        
               | lisper wrote:
               | If that ever becomes a factor, helium (and gold for the
               | matter) will be the least of our worries.
        
             | lisper wrote:
             | There isn't infinite anything on earth. Earth is finite.
             | And running out of resources that are economically viable
             | to access is effectively the same as running out. (Also,
             | helium is a by-product of crude oil production, and so its
             | production has some rather dramatic externalities.)
        
               | lanna wrote:
               | What is economically viable to access is constantly
               | shifting, either due to technology improvements or
               | increased demand (hence prices).
        
               | rfrey wrote:
               | Your parent obviously knows the definition of "infinite",
               | pedantry isn't helpful.
               | 
               | We ran out of $15 oil quite some time ago. That was not
               | the same as running out of oil. "Economically viable" is
               | not a static target.
        
               | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
               | The earth is very deep. We are only mining the very tip
               | of it. There are thousands of miles of unmined resources
               | down there. That's not infinite but a lot. And sure, we
               | can't get to it today, but who knows what 100 or 200
               | years will bring.
        
               | HPsquared wrote:
               | Barely scratching the surface, so to speak. There's a lot
               | of earth under our feet!
        
               | Gustomaximus wrote:
               | I heard a line once that was if the earth was an apple we
               | are yet to mine past the skin.
               | 
               | So a heap of exploration potential plus the off planet
               | side.
        
               | lixtra wrote:
               | $15 might still be the extraction price in Saudi Arabia.
               | 
               | https://www.fool.com/investing/2017/03/19/you-wont-
               | believe-w...
        
               | HPsquared wrote:
               | Oil at that price can't supply the entire market, though
               | (unless they're just being really prudent).
        
               | dredmorbius wrote:
               | No.
               | 
               | But oil at that _cost_ provides a huge land-rent income
               | to the Saudis when _world_ (market) oil prices top $50,
               | $100, $150, $200, ... bbl.
               | 
               | KSA's extraction price remains $15. The rest is pure
               | profit to them.
               | 
               | (Discounting the hundreds of millions of years of
               | geological accumulation and transformation which created
               | the resource in the first place. See "Burning Buried
               | Sunshine" by Jeffrey S. Dukes, 2003. https://dge.carnegie
               | science.edu/DGE/Dukes/Dukes_ClimChange1.... (PDF).)
        
             | JoeAltmaier wrote:
             | Moot. With natural resources, it's entirely about the cost
             | of recovery. Nothing else matters. Who cares the core of
             | the Earth is all iron, if it's eternally unavailable? What
             | matters is $/ton.
        
             | RandomWorker wrote:
             | recommended read
             | https://dothemath.ucsd.edu/2012/04/economist-meets-
             | physicist...
        
         | ac29 wrote:
         | > Would anyone operationally want to fly a 10,000 mile flight?
         | Is speed a huge barrier for trying to do this in a single round
         | the world flight?
         | 
         | I'll take a crack at this: Since it is targeted towards
         | humanitarian relief, it may travel to places without electrical
         | infrastructure to recharge it. So, 5000 miles each way.
         | Presumably charging takes a non-trivial amount of time, so in a
         | time sensitive application like delivering medical supplies,
         | there is also an advantage to not having to stop and charge.
         | 
         | That being said, I am also skeptical this is faster or more
         | practical than using traditional cargo aircraft and/or
         | helicopters. A C130 doesnt need much of a runway to land or
         | takeoff.
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | Helium prices have risen significantly over the past few years.
         | We can obtain some as a byproduct of natural gas extraction but
         | it's limited.
         | 
         | https://geology.com/articles/helium/
        
         | RandomWorker wrote:
         | Here is more information than the shared article it goes into
         | some depth on the concept of the plane.
         | https://www.smithsonianmag.com/air-space-magazine/airships-r...
         | 
         | They reduce the planes use of Helium by it's shape and design,
         | when the engines are turned off it's heavier than air and it
         | will sink. However, Helium is a scarce resource. I don't
         | approve of a billionaire fun ride between LA and Los Angeles
         | taking up all the helium (which will leak out over time and may
         | need top ups every time it departs).
         | 
         | I'm also, wondering if people (the demographic) have time to
         | sit for long periods of time, they seem to value their time,
         | and a private jet is faster.
         | 
         | Overall this is presented as an another green tech that will
         | ensure carbon free travel. I see this as greenwashing a
         | billionaire fantasy.
        
           | emaginniss wrote:
           | "fun ride between LA and Los Angeles"
           | 
           | Should be a short trip, at least
        
             | dredmorbius wrote:
             | Depends on traffic. The 110 is a beast.
        
           | IIAOPSW wrote:
           | I could see it having the same appeal as a cruise liner.
           | Anachronistic novelty travel where the craft itself is the
           | main attraction and the destinations just happen along the
           | way.
        
             | sandworm101 wrote:
             | >>I could see it having the same appeal as a cruise liner.
             | 
             | Except it won't enjoy the international law that is the
             | core of the cruise industry. Cruise ships are essentially
             | just resort hotels that don't have to obey wage laws.
        
             | nvrspyx wrote:
             | I feel that the main appeal of a cruise liner is that the
             | trip is also part of the vacation. You can enjoy comedy
             | shows, play in the pool, relax in the sun, drink, gamble,
             | etc. It's like a mini Las Vegas that moves. Where as I feel
             | this would be more like waiting for the ferry to get from
             | point A to point B while there's also a bridge that's much
             | faster.
             | 
             | With all that said, travel is not the purpose of the
             | airship. It's to help humanitarian aid response and relief
             | for areas that are difficult for planes and boats to access
             | due to destroyed infrastructure.
        
               | robonerd wrote:
               | Heh, I go out of my way to ride on ferries. If you have
               | time to spare, the Alaska Marine Highway (a ferry) is a
               | very pleasant trip. But a Vegas-like experience on a
               | cruise ship sounds like hell to me. For each their own I
               | guess.
        
               | pivo wrote:
               | Since I was a child it's been my dream to travel, slowly
               | and low, in one of these over the tree tops in New
               | England during leaf season, or through Fjords, or across
               | beautiful countryside in France or Italy or wherever. I
               | don't want to travel quickly and I don't want internet
               | connectivity. I just want to slowly take in nature.
        
             | mikepurvis wrote:
             | VIA Rail has tried to pitch the four-day trip from Toronto
             | to Vancouver in these kinds of terms, I think in part to
             | justify the big cost, particularly of a berth or cabin:
             | 
             | https://www.viarail.ca/en/explore-our-
             | destinations/trains/ro...
             | 
             | It makes sense, but as with a blimp, there are certain
             | technological limitations that just plain make it hard to
             | compete with conventional air travel.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Every now and then I think about taking one of the long
               | distance Amtrak trains. But I've always suspected the
               | idea is probably greater than the reality. (And it's not
               | inexpensive.)
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | There's another post on it - it IS worth it and the
               | prices aren't insane if you consider it as a moderate
               | hotel on wheels.
               | 
               | There are fancier long-distance trains that run on
               | different schedules.
        
           | miohtama wrote:
           | Airships also could use hydrogen, but since the Hinderburg
           | disaster there has been stigma on it.
        
             | robonerd wrote:
             | Incidentally the deadliest airship crash of all time was a
             | helium airship, the USS Akron.
             | 
             | Nevertheless, hydrogen does pose a real risk to the
             | passengers in the event of an accident. In other helium
             | airship crashes (for instance the USS Shenandoah), some
             | people managed to survive by riding the debris down to the
             | ground. And in some hydrogen airship crashes (for instance
             | R101), some people managed to survive the crash to the
             | ground, but subsequently died in the fire.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | We've learned to safely fly in airplanes filled with fuel
               | that loves to burn. We can do it with airships the same
               | way.
               | 
               | We now know the multiple factors that caused the
               | Hindenburg disaster, and they are all easily fixable.
        
               | robonerd wrote:
               | More airships were lost to poor weather than thermite
               | paint or whatever other specific Hindenburg problem
               | you're thinking of. Planes have numerous inherent
               | advantages in this regard: They're faster, which makes
               | weather forecasting and route planning easier. Smaller
               | planes can land almost anywhere, but airships require
               | mooring towers. Airplanes are more robust when left
               | outside in the elements, and their hangers are much
               | smaller and cheaper than airship hangers.
               | 
               | I think in principle, a blimp that could land on a field
               | and stow its balloon rapidly could address these
               | problems. But rigid airships seem inherently problematic;
               | the fundamental nature of an airship (very big and very
               | light) makes it susceptible to high winds, in the air or
               | on the ground. I don't see any way around that.
        
               | miohtama wrote:
               | Does the equation change if we factor in airship's
               | capacity of carrying cargo?
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Airships don't have much in the way of lifting capacity,
               | not compared to a fully-loaded 747.
        
         | samatman wrote:
         | I've talked with airship people about the helium question.
         | 
         | Basically, hydrogen is better. Hydrogen has an image problem
         | because of the Hindenburg, but there are compelling reasons why
         | nothing of the sort would happen again.
         | 
         | The idea is to regain airship capacity using helium, while it's
         | still cheaply available from a couple natural gas wells, and
         | switch to the better lifting gas in a friendlier political
         | climate.
        
           | noja wrote:
           | > but there are compelling reasons why nothing of the sort
           | would happen again.
           | 
           | What are these reasons?
        
             | Shalomboy wrote:
             | So it's a lot to get into, but these fellas put together a
             | wonderful break-down of why blimps are worth trying again:
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=chlF5oubFHU
        
               | q_andrew wrote:
               | I love their description of the first airship, a rich
               | weirdo's toxic balloon that is destroyed immediately upon
               | landing by a mob of confused peasants.
        
               | noja wrote:
               | but the hydrogen part?
        
               | froh wrote:
               | That's three hours of stuff
               | 
               | Tl;dw anyone?
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | We can make less-flammible gas bags, and hydrogen can be
               | made to vent upwards in case of fire.
               | 
               | The weather issues are somewhat more handleable but
               | there's still maneuvering issues. Planes can outrun
               | storms, airships light have a time doing so.
        
               | froh wrote:
               | You did the work of an angel. Thank you!!
        
           | NickRandom wrote:
           | The other advantage of using hydrogen is (in an emergency
           | fuel situation) being able to slowly 'rob' the ballast ballon
           | for fuel for use in either the motive engines or an ICE genny
           | if the solar setup failed for some reason or you needed
           | 'hyper-drive tubo-boost' levels of power
        
           | MrFantastic wrote:
           | The irony is that 1/3 of the passengers walked away from the
           | Hindenburg crash vs 100% casualty plane.
           | 
           | The bad optics in an era where there was little video
           | competition really set dirigibles behind for a century.
           | 
           | Hydrogen should be the Lighter than Air gas choice for
           | airships.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | Melatonic wrote:
         | I think a lot of the benefit is not necessarily about flying
         | continous long distance flights but being able to carry lots of
         | weight and to easily hover and stay in a general area. Like a
         | base of operations for the military for example.
        
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