[HN Gopher] Who owns Parliament?
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Who owns Parliament?
        
       Author : drjohnson
       Score  : 104 points
       Date   : 2022-05-31 20:57 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (whoownsengland.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (whoownsengland.org)
        
       | henrikschroder wrote:
       | > The Crown Estate Commissioners have done this under the terms
       | of the Land Registration Act 2002, which allows the Crown to
       | register an interest in otherwise unregistered land.
       | 
       | This is wild to me. What do you mean "unregistered land" ? How
       | the hell can you have been a nation for centuries and still have
       | land that no-one owns? How can you be uncertain about who owns a
       | piece of land? How can you have disputes?
       | 
       | Every single square centimetre of Sweden is mapped, surveyed,
       | registered, and owned. There exists one national, public database
       | of who owns what, which means that for every single square
       | centimetre, I can ask who owns it and get a definitive answer. No
       | uncertainties. No secrets. No confusion.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | Sweden is mapped that way because at some point they decided to
         | do so, and any "unregistered land" became _something_ - likely
         | property of the Swedish government.
         | 
         | The UK has a much more ... involved understanding of land, and
         | since it only has to be registered when sold (IIRC) there are
         | large plats of land where the owner is not registered (even
         | though it may be known).
        
           | permo-w wrote:
           | a quite fascinating quirk of UK land law is that squatters
           | have a very impressive set of rights. If you squat on a piece
           | of land for a long enough period of time without challenge,
           | you can legally claim that land and take it into your
           | ownership
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | Hedepig wrote:
             | Double checked this and it's still correct, after a period
             | of time a squatter can claim ownership if they can prove
             | they've been living in the property.
             | 
             | They can also get fined and/or sent to prison.
             | 
             | Edit: it's also legal to squat in a non-residential
             | building
        
               | Silhouette wrote:
               | _Double checked this and it 's still correct, after a
               | period of time a squatter can claim ownership if they can
               | prove they've been living in the property._
               | 
               | That's not quite the whole story. The rules around
               | adverse possession were changed a while back so that even
               | if someone has been using some property for a long time
               | they can't just file a bit of paperwork and take the
               | legal ownership away from the real owner. The real owner
               | will be notified of the attempt and then has quite a long
               | period of time to address the matter, for example by
               | getting any unauthorised occupants removed instead. It's
               | only if the owner doesn't take the required actions in
               | time and the occupants then go through a second round of
               | paperwork that the occupants can take over the title and
               | even then there are still some other big conditions they
               | have to satisfy first.
               | 
               | (I am not a lawyer or property expert but I did have this
               | explained to me at length by someone who was when I was
               | considering buying a property and he had some concerns
               | about the legal title.)
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | That also exists in the US (because our common law is
             | descended from the UK's) - adverse possession aka
             | "possession is 9/10ths of the law".
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverse_possession
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | It exists in some US jurisdictions but even where it
               | does, it's often been sharply curtailed. IIRC, in
               | California adverse possession exists, but to benefit you
               | must not only be openly possessing the property but also
               | _paying the property taxes on it_ in the period required
               | to establish the claim.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Yeah, the most common way for adverse possession to come
               | into play is with boundary disputes - for example if you
               | built part of your garage on your neighbor's land.
               | 
               | It's also become less necessary as accurate accounting of
               | land has become more common.
        
         | esquivalience wrote:
         | Unregistered doesn't mean unowned. It just means that the land
         | registry, an official government register of ownership, doesn't
         | have an entry (yet). The registration system was created in
         | 1925 to replace the previous system of tracing ownership
         | through a decentralised system of dusty old documents, but land
         | normally only gets registered when it's sold or if the owner
         | decides to register it.
        
         | zinekeller wrote:
         | In general, that's called the Torrens titles
         | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torrens_title) after the MP of
         | South Australia (which is now an Australian state) which
         | implemented it. It's actually not that common, to highlight
         | this in the US only Guam (which was then part of the Captaincy
         | General of the Philippines) is the only US territory or state
         | fully implementing Torrens titles, with some states partially
         | implementing it and some (like the area in and around Chicago
         | and the state of California) repealing it.
         | 
         | Edit: I need to clarify that some states/countries have non-
         | Torrens land registries
         | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_registration) or deeds
         | registries (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deeds_registration)
         | but they only record what allegedly happened and ownership can
         | be challenged in court, so these registries are not a
         | _guarantee_ of ownership (unlike in Torrens titles where the
         | titles are indefeasible and the only possible lawsuits are
         | about the circumstances of the transfer like if the original
         | owner was defrauded).
        
         | Terry_Roll wrote:
         | So the Govt doesnt always know who owns bits of land, there are
         | companies who make it their business like this website to find
         | out who owns what and they are used by supermarkets and other
         | property related businesses for land bank purposes. One of the
         | biggest databases of who owns what in this country belongs to a
         | company not far from Swindon!
         | 
         | If you are a landowner, one of the ways to reduce your tax bill
         | is to work with your neighbouring landowners, so a trust owns
         | the land and it "gifts" some land, like a field to another
         | trust in return for services previously undertaken. The point
         | being there is no monetary value exchange, ie its not taxable.
         | The only people who know about the arrangement will be the two
         | trusts and the accountancy firm(s), and it will be a big name
         | accountancy firm most of the time. I legally purchased this
         | data from one landowner who relied on an inferior IT company to
         | wipe their computers before reselling them as secondhand, and I
         | simply restored all their data which is how I found out about
         | the above. Ironically the Queen is a neighbour!
         | 
         | Other ways to reduce your tax bill is to say to the taxman, you
         | have no money, but I have some antiques like a suit of armour
         | or something historically of "national" interest I can offer as
         | payment instead, HMRC will get the National Trust in to valuate
         | it, HMRC say yes or no, and then on paper said antique is now
         | owned by the National Trust. However the NT will say its best
         | kept in its existing surroundings so keep hold of it for us,
         | and we will pay you to look after it! You can spot some of
         | these people because they have to open up their property at
         | least one day a year to the public. It can be quite lucrative
         | having the NT maintaining the upkeep of your family estate
         | during lean times!
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | FireBeyond wrote:
       | Even as a Scottish and then Australian "republican"... I thought
       | that some of the conclusions in the article were just as
       | confusing.
       | 
       | "Since 1664 no monarch has set foot in the House of Commons"
       | 
       | "And yet it appears that the Queen has quietly asserted her claim
       | to own Parliament."
       | 
       | Assuming validity of the claim for the purpose of discussion,
       | these two things are not contradictory. The monarch could own
       | Parliament and still recognize for symbolic or other purposes the
       | tradition of not entering the House of Commons, entirely easily.
        
       | leto_ii wrote:
       | I'm actually disappointed, going by the title I thought this
       | would show which politician was bought by which special interest
       | group :))
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | Angostura wrote:
       | We're a constitutional monarchy AND a democracy. The monarch is
       | the disabled root account of the nation. The government is the
       | sudoers
        
         | hiddencost wrote:
         | The queen was exercising secret veto power, I don't think root
         | was disabled.
         | 
         | https://www.google.com/amp/s/amp.theguardian.com/commentisfr...
        
           | cwillu wrote:
           | When you disable an account, processes running under that
           | account are still live, and can still spawn children.
        
             | scottswelsh wrote:
             | I hope you're not suggesting we kill the processes.
        
               | cwillu wrote:
               | SIGSTOP is reversible and unblockable.
        
           | GauntletWizard wrote:
           | I think this is the link you meant, because when I click
           | yours I just get a favicon:
           | 
           | https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2021/feb/08/royals-
           | vette...
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | >The documents also show that on other occasions the
             | monarch's advisers demanded exclusions from proposed laws
             | relating to road safety and land policy that appeared to
             | affect her estates, and pressed for government policy on
             | historic sites to be altered.
             | 
             | I like to read this as the Queen demanding that such common
             | things like "speed limits" and "drive on the correct side
             | of the road" shall not apply to Her Majesty.
        
         | ValentineC wrote:
         | I don't know if this is more appropriate, but I've always
         | thought of the monarch as PID 1, and parliament as a child
         | process running under the root account.
        
         | SulphurSmell wrote:
         | Love this analogy. As a Canadian...we have the same monarch,
         | but our own Constitution / elected officials. So...we are
         | ourselves in the sudoers file...but surely we are different
         | under this analogy than our UK brethren? What are we a VM with
         | sudo root?
        
           | gxt wrote:
           | I'd see the governors has some kind kerberos authorized set
           | of admin accounts. And we are the lowly users and sudoers.
        
           | pmyteh wrote:
           | Something like that. And with the Governor General as the VM
           | root.
        
           | stormbrew wrote:
           | Technically we have a different monarch that is occupied by
           | the same person (she is "the queen of the uk and the queen of
           | Canada", not really "queen of the uk and Canada") and has the
           | same rules of succession (implemented in a Canadian bill that
           | must be updated in sync with the British equivalent when it
           | changes).
           | 
           | So it's maybe more like a Kerberos auth server with local
           | configuration.
        
             | dsr_ wrote:
             | I suggest that in the next bill, rather than updating the
             | Crown to rest in Charles's CNAME, you acknowledge that the
             | Crown is perpetually Elizabeth II.
             | 
             | That way you never have to change Birthday celebrations, or
             | anything else related.
        
               | goosedragons wrote:
               | We already solved the birthday celebration problem. The
               | Queen's official birthday in Canada is May 24th. Charles'
               | official birthday in Canada will be May 24th. We just
               | decided at some point the best monarch's birthday to
               | celebrate is Queen Victoria and have stuck with it.
        
               | SulphurSmell wrote:
               | Ah! Good ol' DNS. Nothing can go wrong now!
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | lisper wrote:
         | That is one of the more brilliant (and accurate) analogies I
         | have ever seen!
        
         | neilwilson wrote:
         | It's probably more like the monarch is the disabled root
         | account, and the prime minister has an unassuming username but
         | with ID 0.
         | 
         | The UK has an hereditary monarch with all the pomp and no power
         | as cover for an elected monarch with no pomp and all the power.
        
         | plonk wrote:
         | Sounds like the system would be simpler if we removed root and
         | gave capabilities to the sudoers instead.
         | 
         | Edit: why does the disabled root account allocate so much RAM?
        
           | Teever wrote:
           | Can you do that without rebooting? Rebooting nations tends to
           | be a messy affair. Just ask France.
        
             | simonh wrote:
             | Arguably every election that brings in a new government is
             | a reboot. A revolution is more like wiping the drive and
             | installing a new OS.
        
               | KineticLensman wrote:
               | > Arguably every election that brings in a new government
               | is a reboot. A revolution is more like wiping the drive
               | and installing a new OS.
               | 
               | In the UK, Governments change but Parliament persists.
               | The basics mechanism of state are unchanged until a new
               | Govt defines and votes through new policies. Unlike the
               | US, the UK's civil service doesn't substantially change
               | as a result of an election.
               | 
               | The last really significant change to Parliament was
               | perhaps the 1832 reform act which got of rotten boroughs
               | - constituencies with few if any voters that still
               | returned MPs. Since then the House of Commons has gained
               | primary over the House of Lords, whose main role now is
               | delaying/modifying Govt proposals. The last big reboot
               | was the Restoration.
        
               | nonrandomstring wrote:
               | A revolution is more like wiping the drive and installing
               | a new OS - from a backup that still contains malware from
               | the previous revolution.
        
               | scoopertrooper wrote:
               | I'd say it's more like an upgrade. The release notes
               | promise all sorts of improvements, but they often bring
               | new bugs.
        
             | plonk wrote:
             | "Every operating system then, and every threat model,
             | naturally expires at the end of 19 years. If it be deployed
             | longer, it is legacy tech, and should be deprecated." -
             | Thomas Jefferson
        
               | scoopertrooper wrote:
               | Move fast and break things
               | 
               | - Napoleon Bonaparte
        
           | orangesite wrote:
           | Nope nope nope nope. Requiring privileged access is a code
           | smell. Capability based government now!
        
           | throw0101a wrote:
           | > _Sounds like the system would be simpler if we removed root
           | and gave capabilities to the sudoers instead._
           | 
           | A good portion of the top ten democracies are 'disabled root'
           | (constitutional monarchy):
           | 
           | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracy_Index#By_country
           | 
           | As a Canadian I'm not so much "against" switching away for
           | constitutional monarchy, but rather any proposal needs to
           | ensure we stay high in rankings. See also (2021> Pts: higher
           | is better):
           | 
           | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_in_the_World#Country_
           | r...
           | 
           | (I have no comment/idea on 'useful' these metric actually
           | are.)
        
           | bengale wrote:
           | President Boris. Sounds fantastic. Perhaps not though, yeah?
        
             | kergonath wrote:
             | In a lot of countries, it would be much better than "prime
             | minister Boris". Look at the president roles in Italy and
             | Germany, for example. Not all countries in the world are
             | the US.
        
           | Lio wrote:
           | Been there, done that already. The British have tried that
           | before.
           | 
           | We called it the Interregnum[1]. It turned out nobody liked a
           | system without a superuser so the fix was a restoration plus
           | tweaks to limit powers.
           | 
           | You'll note this all happening well before others decided to
           | repeat the experiment.
           | 
           | The system has been ticking along at some definition of
           | "fine"[2] ever since.
           | 
           | 1. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Interregnum
           | 
           | 2. Personally I'm less concerned about who the ceremonial
           | head of state is than I am about having a police force that
           | refuses to investigate the Prime Minister for breaking the
           | law[3].
           | 
           | Whilst at the same time retrospectively investigating women
           | for breaking the very same law by attending a protest about
           | the murder of a woman by a serving officer of that very same
           | police force.
           | 
           | Now that is fucked up.
           | 
           | 3. See private ABBA party.
        
             | mr_toad wrote:
             | > It turned out nobody liked a system without a superuser
             | 
             | I thinks it's more the case that the commons at the time
             | couldn't get their shit together.
        
           | krona wrote:
           | Because investing both sovereignty and power in a single
           | institution inexorably leads to tyranny. Examples abound.
        
           | ben_w wrote:
           | The root account was written when it was fashionable to be
           | object-oriented, so its resource allocation is all due to
           | inheritance.
           | 
           | Scotland in particular is upset because of certain issues due
           | to multiple inheritance.
        
             | AnimalMuppet wrote:
             | LOL. Great comment.
             | 
             | But it's not just Scotland. The War of the Roses had some
             | multiple inheritance problems, too.
        
               | gumby wrote:
               | > The War of the Roses had some multiple inheritance
               | problems, too.
               | 
               | They defined a custom method combinator that squashed the
               | diamond problem. Implementing it was literally painful
               | for many of the people involved. Truly a killer problem.
        
               | jameshart wrote:
               | And then in 16.8.8 they imported a completely new package
               | from the Netherlands called 'Orange' (but they rebranded
               | it), and marked a bunch of things as 'protected' to lock
               | down inheritance.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | ThrowawayTestr wrote:
        
             | plonk wrote:
             | You could allocate only "software update" capability to one
             | group, "execution" to another, and have a permission system
             | for deciding who can do what.
        
               | Victerius wrote:
               | But what if the execution program took on a conscience of
               | its own and decided to appropriate software update
               | permissions for itself?
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | >The monarch is the disabled root account of the nation. The
         | government is the sudoers
         | 
         | except, even with "disabled root account", you can do "sudo su"
         | to get a root shell. What's the equivalent of that in uk?
        
           | pmyteh wrote:
           | Pretty much exactly that. The Government can (and does)
           | request a Privy Council meeting, which issues various kinds
           | of Orders in the name of the Queen. The Queen's Speech is
           | another (less instrumental) way of government using the root
           | account directly.
           | 
           | (Or, I suppose, you could `$ sudo su`and then `#
           | instantiate_republic` to permanently promote the usual
           | administrator account to root. Still not clear it's wise to
           | directly govern from account 0, though).
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | I'm not sure the Queen-in-Council is any more (or less) the
             | person of the monarch distinct from the institutional
             | government than, say, the Queen-in-Parliament is.
             | _Everything_ is done in the name of the Queen, one way or
             | another, and almost all of it is practically at the
             | direction of the government.
        
               | pmyteh wrote:
               | Yeah, maybe that stretches the analogy too far. I think
               | it _is_ distinct from ministers governing in their own
               | right (or in the right of the semi-fictional unitary
               | 'Secretary of State') though. Most statutory instruments,
               | for example, are issued by and in the name of a minister.
               | Obviously the appointment of the minister is an act of
               | the Crown, and so is the passing of the original Act
               | which authorises the order-making power. But the power is
               | used directly from their own ministerial user account,
               | IYSWIM.
        
           | simonh wrote:
           | The supreme court?
        
       | olddustytrail wrote:
       | The article never actually answers the question, because the
       | monarch doesn't actually own the crown estate. It's an entirely
       | different thing to the lands owned privately by the queen.
        
       | JackFr wrote:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Clinton_(funk_musician)
       | 
       | Duh.
        
       | fennecfoxen wrote:
       | It might be nice for Parliament to own their own building but
       | England more generally has a real problem where normal humans
       | have a hard time owning the property their homes are built on,
       | with all sorts of fun fun fun fun fun ground-rent renewal
       | politics. Reforming those is more impactful and urgent.
        
         | simonh wrote:
         | Good news. Ground rent is going to be banned from the end of
         | this month on new leases. It'll take a while for it to be
         | eliminated completely but it's firmly on the way out.
         | 
         | https://www.gov.uk/government/news/future-homebuyers-to-be-f...
        
           | dane-pgp wrote:
           | Except the government has only done the bare minimum for
           | leasehold reform, and has seemingly abandoned the more
           | ambitious plans it had promised for this session of
           | parliament[0]. As for the Leasehold Reform (Ground Rent) Act
           | 2022, it's worth reading the small print:
           | 
           | "Certain types of leases are also excepted by the LRGRA 2022
           | such as business leases, statutory lease extensions of houses
           | and flats, community housing leases and home finance plan
           | leases. The LRGRA 2022 will not apply to leases granted under
           | contracts entered into prior to the commencement of the Act,
           | unless in accordance with an option or right of first
           | refusal."[1]
           | 
           | [0] https://nationalleaseholdcampaign.org/leasehold-reform-
           | broke...
           | 
           | [1] https://www.keystonelaw.com/keynotes/the-end-of-
           | residential-...
        
       | kcartlidge wrote:
       | Here in the UK we're one day into a two day extra 'bank holiday'
       | for the Queen's jubilee (70 years).
       | 
       | Seems a good time to remind people of great sites like these,
       | places that take the time to gather the evidence that reveals the
       | truth behind royalty - _descendants of thieves and murderers
       | still profiting off the proceeds of their ancestral crimes, with
       | their only 'qualification' being an accident of birth_.
       | 
       | We've never been a democracy. And we never will be as long as we
       | have an aristocracy and a royalty with priviledges and titles
       | both unearned and undeserved.
        
         | dan-robertson wrote:
         | > We've never been a democracy
         | 
         | I've definitely heard it argued that the brief commonwealth
         | between Charles I and II was the first modern democracy, where
         | 'modern' means a system somewhat like current democracies
         | rather than 'after 1500'.
        
           | olivermarks wrote:
           | May be of interest in relation to the opaque nature of
           | British history -
           | 
           | The City of London's strange history Lord Glasman on what the
           | Romans did for the Square Mile
           | 
           | https://www.ft.com/content/7c8f24fa-3aa5-11e4-bd08-00144feab.
           | ..
           | 
           | Alway interesting to try to read the tea leaves on the
           | relationship between the two UK entities who run the two
           | sovereign states - the palace and the city of London
        
         | simonh wrote:
         | We could get rid of the monarchy tomorrow and ordinary britons
         | would notice zero change in our political and democratic
         | freedoms. They are politically irrelevant, a few completely
         | peripheral procedural and technical issues aside that make no
         | real difference in the grand scheme of things.
         | 
         | I'm not sure if that's an argument for or against keeping the
         | monarchy to be honest. They're a historical vestigial appendage
         | of the state, but the idea that we're any less of a democracy
         | because they're there is kind of silly.
        
           | krona wrote:
           | If I were prime minister I think having to have a private in-
           | person chat with the monarch every week would probably have a
           | profound impact on how I went about running the country on
           | her behalf.
           | 
           | It's like a schoolchild having to explain themselves to the
           | headmaster.
        
           | teknopaul wrote:
           | If you got rid of the monarchy tomorrow you could bet your
           | life that Tory government would be immediately selling of
           | assets to buy voters.
           | 
           | There is little other reason to keep the monarchy, but that's
           | enough.
        
           | vasco wrote:
           | They are not irrelevant in the sense that they are a
           | declaration of the nation that there are special people by
           | birth. In a society so worried about equality, it is appaling
           | that multiple countries in europe not only have populations
           | that leave under monarchy, but that they seem to be in favor.
        
             | hef19898 wrote:
             | None of that monarchs is involved in actual legislative,
             | executive or judicative activities. Sure, they are heads of
             | state, but that's where it stops. European monarchs don't
             | write laws, don't sign laws, are not part of the elected
             | government.
        
               | karencarits wrote:
               | > European monarchs [...] don't sign laws [...]
               | 
               | At least in Norway, laws have to be signed by the King
               | and the prime minister (with a few exceptions); for
               | example, in 1975 the King did not sign a law passed by
               | Parliament/Stortinget and the law did not become
               | effective (this was, however, a special occation related
               | to a strike where the two parts found an aggreement after
               | the law was passed by Parliament but before it was signed
               | by the King and the prime minister, so the government
               | recommended the King not to sign). See https://lovdata-
               | no.translate.goog/artikkel/vil_kongen_nekte_...
        
               | dane-pgp wrote:
               | > European monarchs don't ... sign laws
               | 
               | That may be technically correct (the best kind of
               | correct), but the details are more interesting:
               | 
               | "Since the sixteenth century no [British] monarch has
               | actually signed a Bill themselves. Instead, the monarch
               | signs what are known as Letters Patent which announce
               | that an assent has been given."
               | 
               | https://www.open.edu/openlearn/society-politics-
               | law/law/what...
        
             | plonk wrote:
             | Seems like their special status is more of a burden today.
        
           | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
           | Unfortunately not politically irrelevant at all. The Queen
           | has directly interfered in legislation, and she also has a
           | weekly chat with the PM every week.
           | 
           | It's unlikely they talk about tea and biscuits.
           | 
           | But the real issue is that the Queen _legitimises hierarchy
           | and privilege._ Instead of modelling democratic authority and
           | meritocracy, she models the opposite - vast inherited wealth
           | and land ownership, without accountability.
           | 
           | She is also the head of the armed forces, who swear an oath
           | of loyalty to her personally - not to Parliament, and
           | certainly not to the people of the UK.
           | 
           | In the UK she has Sovereign Immunity, which means she
           | literally cannot be convicted of any crime. She can't even
           | interviewed.
           | 
           | None of this would be a problem if she was in any way
           | outstanding, but unfortunately the Royal Family have made
           | some exceptionally poor choices. The Prince Andrew trial -
           | and his $12m bailout - is just the most recent scandal in a
           | long series of shady events and associations.
        
           | kcartlidge wrote:
           | > _They are politically irrelevant, a few completely
           | peripheral procedural and technical issues aside that make no
           | real difference in the grand scheme of things._
           | 
           | At the very least they own huge parts of the country, and the
           | Queen has (and exercises as per recent Guardian stories)
           | vetos and opt-outs of the laws the rest of us must follow.
           | 
           | Regardless of that, even as a basic principle our country
           | reeks of deference and class.
        
             | arlort wrote:
             | > they own huge parts of the country
             | 
             | And they would keep owning them if they were made to
             | abdicate
        
               | basisword wrote:
               | Only if we let them.
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | We could always confiscate your property while we're at
               | it. Every little helps. After all there can be few on
               | this forum that aren't in the upper decile of wealth
               | globally. Property is theft!
               | 
               | (er, kidding in case that wasn't obvious)
        
               | nicoburns wrote:
               | The more pressing issue with land ownership in the UK is
               | that we don't even know who owns large chunks of it.
        
               | MockObject wrote:
               | American here. How is that a pressing issue?
        
               | dane-pgp wrote:
               | It makes it harder to introduce a land value tax, I
               | guess?
        
               | eadmund wrote:
               | Does it? Seems like if the State doesn't know who owns a
               | piece of land, it can just auction it off.
        
               | MockObject wrote:
               | If the state really doesn't know who owns a piece of
               | land, what's stopping someone from squatting? Wouldn't
               | the owner have to prove ownership to the state, to
               | activate law enforcement?
        
               | dane-pgp wrote:
               | If the state were so keen to serve the interests of the
               | public, it would have auctioned off this land already,
               | regardless of whether a land value tax had popular
               | support.
               | 
               | I suppose I'm hoping that if people knew who really owned
               | the country, and who would be the winners and losers of a
               | LVT, there would be such strong support for one that it
               | would be politically untenable to oppose it.
        
             | spacedcowboy wrote:
             | _shrug_ and it riles some people up, which at least is
             | entertaining. Most of us don 't care.
             | 
             | Tbh, if you look at the performance of the queen compared
             | to the performance of recent prime ministers, well, let's
             | just say it's not a shining example of democracy at it's
             | best.
        
               | dane-pgp wrote:
               | By that logic we should make Charles the Prime Minister
               | and shut down parliament.
               | 
               | Maybe the reason the Queen is so respected is that she
               | doesn't (visibly) exercise much power, and the lesson
               | there is actually that Prime Ministers should be more
               | limited in what they can do of their own volition
               | (without broad consent from the public, in the form of a
               | truly representative parliament and an independent
               | judiciary enforcing a codified constitution).
        
               | spacedcowboy wrote:
               | > By that logic we should make Charles the Prime Minister
               | and shut down parliament
               | 
               | Uh huh. I think reductio ad absurdum wants to have a
               | word.
        
             | p10jkle wrote:
             | They get 25% of crown estate profits, but I'm not sure they
             | really 'own' that land per se. And in general, the elite
             | own a huge amount of the UK (most notably Oxbridge colleges
             | with incredible land ownership). We can make a case to take
             | 'back' the Queen's private or crown estate land, but why
             | just them? IMO, casting judgement on what historic
             | ownership is 'rightful' is really hard.
        
               | kcartlidge wrote:
               | We'd struggle to fairly take it back; probably not even
               | worth trying. And whilst I never said so specifically I
               | presumed it apparent that I never meant just the Queen. I
               | accept I could have been clearer (sorry).
               | 
               | The first steps might be:
               | 
               | - An end to the honours system (entirely - even though
               | many 'commoners' get them now it perpetuates the class
               | concepts)
               | 
               | - Fair _and universal_ application of inheritance tax to
               | reduce the inequalities over the generations
               | 
               | - The taxation of assets (beyond a certain point so that
               | people don't need to sell their home) and not just income
               | 
               | All those have arguments for/against, but it would be
               | good for them to be honestly discussed and considered by
               | those with the power to effect change.
        
             | simonh wrote:
             | As I said, peripheral procedural and technical issues aside
             | that make no real difference.
             | 
             | The idea that these mean we have no democracy is absurd,
             | and does no credit to the reasonable arguments for
             | disestablishmentarianism.
        
               | dane-pgp wrote:
               | I believe that disestablishmentarianism is usually
               | understood to refer solely to the question of whether the
               | Church of England should be the Established (i.e. state)
               | church.
               | 
               | There are probably some antidisestablishmentarianists who
               | disagree with that definition, though.
        
           | exdsq wrote:
           | We don't have a written constitution, so if you remove all
           | the pomp and tradition it's highly likely some things do
           | actually go wrong as people forget they're meant to happen.
        
             | simonh wrote:
             | The US constitution is a handful of pages, and only a few
             | lines actually specify how the government should function
             | on a day to day basis. If they forgot everything but the
             | constitution and worked out everything else again from
             | scratch, the result would likely be completely
             | unrecognisable.
             | 
             | Furthermore there's an argument to be made that the UK
             | system of government is considerably more modern that that
             | of the US. After all, their system is essentially a direct
             | copy of the UK system of the time, with a few minor tweaks.
             | The house is parliament, the Senate is the House of Lords,
             | and the President is an elected King George V. Signing laws
             | is Royal Assent, dissolving the House is Prorogation, he
             | can even pardon criminals. I say George V specifically
             | because the powers of the crown have been massively
             | reformed since, really from Queen Anne onwards, but the US
             | system has remained frozen in time.
        
             | spacedcowboy wrote:
             | Living in the US, and looking at how (for example) their
             | second amendment has ruined their society, but it's
             | considered heresy to countenance change to the holy
             | document, I really don't want the UK to go down that path.
             | 
             | There are places with written constitutions that have
             | turned out better than the US one, but if you look at
             | parallels between the UK and other nations, the US is the
             | most likely one for the UK to follow. That way lies ruin.
        
               | jaywalk wrote:
               | You live in the US, but refer to "their" society as if
               | you're not a part of it. So if "their" society is in
               | ruins, why do you choose to continue living there? Surely
               | you can head off to any number of countries that would
               | suit you much better, and allow you to be a part of their
               | society.
        
               | spacedcowboy wrote:
               | Ah, the old "if you don't like it, leave" advice.
               | 
               | Well, in life, you might come across some situations
               | where running away isn't really an option. I've got an
               | (American) wife who likes it here, and a kid whose
               | schooling I don't want to interrupt.
               | 
               | Yes. If it were just me, I'd leave. I've made enough
               | millions that I could live quite happily back in my home
               | country, but, you know... Life. Not just your own opinion
               | counts...
        
               | jaywalk wrote:
               | So then maybe "society is in ruins because people are
               | allowed to own things I don't think they should be
               | allowed to own" is a bit hyperbolic, yes?
        
               | spacedcowboy wrote:
               | _shrug_ you have your opinion, am I not entitled to my
               | own ? And since when did not liking something mean you
               | weren 't entitled to criticise it ?
               | 
               | American society _is_ screwed up, IMHO. A large part of
               | that _is_ due to the policy of fear used by authorities,
               | due to guns, and another large part is due to the wide
               | "independent" streak within the society - I put it in
               | quotes because it's really just selfishness, and guns are
               | the poster-child for that attitude.
               | 
               |  _shrug_ Nothing I say can matter, I can 't even vote,
               | but it doesn't mean I don't have eyes to see.
        
               | engineer_22 wrote:
               | The US Constitution has been regularly amended since the
               | beginning. Your claim that it would be heresy falls flat
               | here.
               | 
               | 2nd amendment ruined society, exactly how? The US still
               | enjoys the largest economy and military in the world
               | respectively. Religious and personal freedoms are
               | codified in law. What is in ruins?
        
               | spacedcowboy wrote:
               | I didn't claim that amending the constitution was heresy.
               | I claimed that removing the second amendment is heresy.
               | And I stand by that.
               | 
               | [edit: on re-reading, the above is not true. I _meant to_
               | claim that removing the 2A was heresy. My bad]
               | 
               | Look, this is just an opinion, but from the outside
               | looking in, your society is frankly awful at looking
               | after its _people_ , and the everyone-gets-a-gun made
               | sense a few hundred years ago with frontier justice, but
               | certainly doesn't today. The gun culture doesn't create
               | (as claimed) a "polite society", it creates a society
               | based on fear, where everything is much more dangerous
               | because guns are, at least potentially, involved.
               | 
               | I've been stopped by the police twice in my lifetime for
               | speeding - once when I was a kid just passed his test,
               | once a decade or so ago driving up the 280 to SF Airport
               | and running late. The one in the US was a far more
               | fraught affair - I suddenly remembered advice to keep
               | your hands visible, don't make any sudden moves, etc.
               | etc.
               | 
               | In contrast the UK one was a walk in the park. Got the
               | ticket, the policeman even cracked a joke to reduce the
               | tension, and the worst part was telling my mother (I was
               | still driving on her insurance).
               | 
               | That's an anecdote, not data, but it's a microcosm of any
               | interaction with the police. Over here every tinpot town
               | has military hardware and SWAT teams because the
               | criminals might have guns, the police are poorly trained
               | in general, SWAT teams included, and the interaction
               | between police and policed is far more tense, controlling
               | and authoritative as a result. Because of guns being so
               | prolific, the Peelian principles of policing are pretty
               | much impossible to apply, and so US police do their job
               | with overwhelming force for the given situation and
               | employ fear as a standard tactic...
               | 
               | Every shopkeeper is more alert for guns; Another
               | anecdote: I was being driven from McCarrean airport to a
               | hotel in Vegas for a trade show before I started living
               | here, and my cab driver pulled out in front of someone,
               | who chased him, got alongside and pulled a gun (!!!). My
               | cab driver pulled one right back at him (!!!!!!). They
               | yelled at each other and went their different ways. Could
               | have gone a lot differently. This sort of thing doesn't
               | happen in civilized society.
               | 
               | > The US still enjoys the largest economy and military in
               | the world respectively. Religious and personal freedoms
               | are codified in law
               | 
               | Well, great ? It doesn't change how American society
               | interacts. And the abuse of "religious freedoms" to
               | oppress people is another huge problem in American
               | society in general. I wouldn't go claiming that one,
               | personally.
               | 
               | To be clear, I didn't mean that the 2A was the _only_
               | reason American society is ruined, but it 's more along
               | the lines of (with apologies to EI, this is from memory):
               | 
               | "The gun doesn't kill people, _people_ kill people "
               | 
               | "Well, yes, but the gun _helps_ , doesn't it? I mean, if
               | I walked up behind someone and yelled BANG! they're not
               | _very_ likely to drop dead, are they ? They 'd have to be
               | pretty dodgy on the old ticker for _that_ to kill them "
               | 
               | In the same way, the 2A hasn't killed American society,
               | but it _helps_.
               | 
               | Feel free to disagree :) I don't really care about fake
               | internet points, and I realize this isn't a popular
               | opinion in America, but from the outside looking in -
               | y'all are nuts.
        
           | throw2597 wrote:
        
           | dane-pgp wrote:
           | > ordinary britons would notice zero change
           | 
           | But that only proves that what we have now is an elective
           | dictatorship where the Prime Minister of the day effectively
           | exercises all the powers of the sovereign, without any real
           | accountability or separation of powers.
           | 
           | Removing powers from the Queen (or even just codifying them
           | in a written constitution) would be the first step towards
           | fixing this democratic deficit and allowing the people to
           | choose someone more suitable to hold those powers, with a
           | proper mandate to support them.
           | 
           | The particular reform I propose is introducing a "Governor
           | General" role for the UK, who has the power to veto laws,
           | treaties, and wars, but remains nominally answerable to the
           | Queen just as the Prime Minister pretends to be. To be
           | eligible for the role, candidates would need to be nominated
           | by 20% of MPs, and they would be elected in a national
           | election using the Supplementary Vote method.
        
             | waylandsmithers wrote:
             | > elective dictatorship where the Prime Minister of the day
             | effectively exercises all the powers of the sovereign,
             | without any real accountability or separation of powers
             | 
             | (As an American) this is a more pessimistic view of how it
             | appears to me. Maybe I'm being naive but the voice of the
             | people does appear to provide accountability. The idea that
             | David Cameron felt the need to resign after the Brexit vote
             | because he no longer had the support of the public seems
             | like a big deal to me. We're not really big on admitting
             | defeat over here.
        
               | pmyteh wrote:
               | It's complex. There's nothing really to stop a British
               | prime minister going full dictator if they want, as long
               | as they can get Parliament to pass an Enabling Act. And
               | that's not an entirely fanciful proposition: they have
               | the support of a majority of the House of Commons pretty
               | much by definition and the Lords have very little power
               | in practice.
               | 
               | Our constitution is built on the so-called 'good chap
               | theory of governance', which is that power is in the
               | hands of people 'like us', and therefore reasonable. If
               | the PM loses a vote of no confidence he's obliged to
               | resign. What makes him? Nothing. But that's the
               | convention and it's been followed until now.
               | 
               | It's also a constitutional convention to resign from
               | ministerial office if caught lying to Parliament. (Yes,
               | really!) That one, though, looks defunct: Boris Johnson
               | is a serial liar, and has managed to get himself referred
               | to the Privileges Committee of the Commons for lying over
               | his lockdown breaches _despite his majority in the
               | Commons_. Will he resign? Will he hell. He doesn 't want
               | to, and all the Commons can do is bring the whole
               | government down (and even then only if he is prepared to
               | resign then). He's made it clear he doesn't care, and the
               | Conservative Party in the Commons has made clear they're
               | not willing to face an election over it, so that's that.
               | 
               | A similar thing happened over the Prorogation of the
               | House just before Brexit. That was fairly
               | straightforwardly a contempt of Parliament, and the
               | advice to prorogue was found to be unlawful by the
               | Supreme Court. But nothing of consequence happened to
               | those in charge as a result.
               | 
               | I'm grateful our political culture isn't _quite_ as
               | buggered as that of the US at this point, but I 'd be
               | grateful for slightly stronger guardrails against
               | misconduct than simply hoping it doesn't happen.
        
             | spacedcowboy wrote:
             | > But that only proves that what we have now is an elective
             | dictatorship where the Prime Minister of the day
             | effectively exercises all the powers of the sovereign,
             | without any real accountability or separation of powers
             | 
             | No it doesn't. It just means it's irrelevant to ordinary
             | life.
             | 
             | What they have has no bearing on how I live. Zero. Nada.
             | Zilch.
        
         | etothepii wrote:
         | Of course it's underserved. But the person of the sovereign in
         | the British system can be a unifying figure impossible with an
         | elected Head of State.
         | 
         | Don't agree? Just look at how the red half of the US talk about
         | Obama and the Blue half talk about Trump.
        
           | joaonmatos wrote:
           | As long as you keep the Head of Government away from the
           | sovereign, presidents can be harmless enough to avoid this
           | kind of polarisation.
           | 
           | Maybe look at Ireland or Portugal as examples of republics
           | where the president keeps the constitutional safeguards
           | (dissolving parliament, vetoing laws, and what not), and
           | you'll see that they are not exactly polarizing figures.
           | Instead, the prime ministers are, as they should (they head
           | partisan politics).
        
           | kcartlidge wrote:
           | I really don't care about that.
           | 
           | I also don't care about how dutiful the Queen is and what
           | she's sacrificed to the role - though to be clear I _do_
           | believe both those things at a personal level.
           | 
           | It doesn't matter what incidental good it accomplishes if it
           | goes against the fundamental principles of equality.
        
             | annyeonghada wrote:
             | Equality is not "a fundamental principle", this is a modern
             | conception of how society should be run while fundamental
             | principles are absolute and eternal.
             | 
             | Even going back to only 100 years ago the idea that "we are
             | all equal" would have sounded ridiculous. As an example, we
             | could take the accounts about the role of schools in
             | various educational systems in Europe: it was widespread
             | belief that the function of such institutions was to select
             | the aristoi - aristoi, from which it derives aristocracy -
             | the best among the best. School was intentionally set up as
             | an _exclusionary_ institution, opposed to our  "inclusive"
             | endeavor: it was considered obvious, a "fundamental
             | principle" even, that some people were better, in some
             | sense or in another, than others.
        
               | kcartlidge wrote:
               | > _Equality is not "a fundamental principle", this is a
               | modern conception of how society should be run while
               | fundamental principles are absolute and eternal._
               | 
               | Fundamental means foundational. But regardless of whether
               | or not the definition you choose to follow (and they do
               | vary) adds more nuance, it's pretty obvious what was
               | meant by the phrase fundamental principle. And pretty
               | obvious from the context that it was in fact referring
               | to, as you put it, the "modern conception".
               | 
               | It really feels like you've picked up on a trivial
               | phrasing at the cost of ignoring the intent, probably as
               | a means of introducing some eloquent but irrelevant
               | knowledge on etymology and derivation which adds nothing
               | to the discussion.
               | 
               | It doesn't matter what it was like 100 years ago. We live
               | now. And equality is fundamental to our current
               | conceptions of an ideal democracy. Or foundational if
               | you're still offended by the word choice.
        
         | B1FF_PSUVM wrote:
         | There in the UK you've had a republic for some six or seven
         | centuries, your kings are mere entertainers hired and fired at
         | will, as Charles I found out.
         | 
         | You do have a ruling class, but monarchy is not your problem.
         | The Roman senators hated the Caesars with good reason, they
         | gave the people too good a deal.
        
         | bsedlm wrote:
         | I'd argue that while the current generation of nobles may in
         | fact have done nothing much to earn them, they do have
         | ancestors that fought bitterly, and in some cases quite
         | sleazily, to earn and keep their privilege.
         | 
         | the idea that "all men are equal" is not really true in Europe.
         | And it's only supposedly true in America
        
           | keybored wrote:
           | I can't tell if this is supposed to be even more of a
           | scathing condemnation compared to what OP said.
        
           | eadmund wrote:
           | > the idea that "all men are equal" is not really true in
           | Europe.
           | 
           | It's not really true in _reality_. Some folks are stronger,
           | some faster, some more intelligent, some have more social
           | connections, some are more charismatic. Even if we lived in a
           | Harrison Bergeron dystopia there would be some inequality
           | somewhere.
           | 
           | I kind of admire an idealised British system which recognises
           | inequality and attempts to channel it to good ends. I think
           | the House of Lords as it was prior to 1911 made a lot of
           | sense; I think that the honours system makes a lot of sense.
           | I think that there's a lot to be said for having a monarch
           | who is powerful in theory but weak in practice and a prime
           | minister who is weak in theory although powerful in practice.
        
             | bsedlm wrote:
             | it's supposed to be equal before the law... which it's not
             | real in practice anywhere either. Usually one's networth
             | changes the law, at least in Europe they're upfront about
             | it.
        
             | keybored wrote:
             | Some people are also more wicked, less empathetic, more
             | manipulative, and more opportunistic.
        
           | Mikeb85 wrote:
           | There are some republics in Europe that did indeed overthrow
           | their royalty/aristocracy...
        
             | goatcode wrote:
             | And others that thought they did, only to find that they
             | were the arms and legs of an even more brutal and
             | incomprehensible regime.
        
               | keybored wrote:
               | Really? Which ones?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | Mikeb85 wrote:
               | And eventually those nations got rid of those too.
        
         | dan-robertson wrote:
         | Today is a regular bank holiday. Only the Friday bank holiday
         | is extra.
        
           | kcartlidge wrote:
           | I thank you for the correction.
        
         | goatcode wrote:
         | The longer you live, the more you realize Thrasymachus was
         | right. There is no order except for what the generations forget
         | that their ancestors pretended was order, alongside the peace
         | you build and maintain with your next-door neighbors.
        
       | lifeisstillgood wrote:
       | In the UK we generally ignore this problem because we "know" that
       | the Queen will not bring about a constitutional crisis because
       | she realises that presented with a choice between the duly
       | elected Prime Minster of the day and The Queen, all of us
       | democratic citizens will of course choose the elected politician
       | ... no wait ... err hang on ...
       | 
       | The British constitution is complicated.
        
         | spacedcowboy wrote:
         | I dunno. We chopped the head off the last one who pushed too
         | far. That sort of lesson tends to have some permanency as it
         | echoes down the ages.
        
           | thinkingemote wrote:
           | Also, parliament learned lessons about the mess it gets into
           | when there's nothing above them.
           | 
           | Cromwell was even worse than the king before.
        
             | pessimizer wrote:
             | France had their Cromwell moment, too, but they didn't
             | revert everything afterwards. Turns out it requires a lot
             | of furious, dangerous energy to destroy entrenched
             | genetically-based status quos hundreds of years old. You
             | can choose to come out of it as citizens rather than
             | subjects.
        
       | nwah1 wrote:
       | "You are undone if you once forget that the fruits of the earth
       | belong to us all, and the earth itself to nobody."
       | 
       | - Rousseau
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | neilwilson wrote:
       | The Crown owns parliament because it is in England.
       | 
       | Nobody except the Crown can hold land in England. You can only
       | own an interest in land (Freehold being one of them). If the
       | holder of any land dies intestate, then the land reverts to the
       | Crown 'bona vacantia'.
       | 
       | The same would happen if Parliament ever dissolved itself as an
       | institution.
       | 
       | Another little quirk of history.
        
         | noja wrote:
         | > Nobody except the Crown can hold land in England.
         | 
         | It sounds like someone made up another meaning of "own" and
         | given it a different name ("hold") to making the "owning" less
         | good.
         | 
         | I can't imagine any situation where the Queen points at a piece
         | of land and says "I'm having that" and people just accept it.
        
       | aftbit wrote:
       | Super interesting article but nearly unreadable font for me.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | lisper wrote:
         | That is a problem you can easily fix yourself in a variety of
         | ways. The easiest is to use your browser's reader mode.
        
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