[HN Gopher] So I took a corporation to arbitration
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       So I took a corporation to arbitration
        
       Author : snapetom
       Score  : 882 points
       Date   : 2022-05-31 09:52 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.shuchow.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.shuchow.com)
        
       | DeathArrow wrote:
       | In my small Eastern European country the best way to solve
       | litigations with companies as a consumer is to use Customer
       | Protection, which is a state agency.
       | 
       | To give an example, on Black Friday, some big online retailer had
       | an offer on this site. I bought something with card and in two
       | hours they called me to apologize that they didn't have it in
       | stock, and they retired the product from the online store.
       | 
       | But next morning, the product was back in the online store, with
       | a greater price.
       | 
       | I phoned, the retailer and demanded my purchased product at the
       | payd price. They denied and offered a refund. I told I will
       | appeal to Customer Protection and they said they still won't
       | honor my order.
       | 
       | I emailed Customer Protection with proofs, screnshots and they
       | forced the retailer to send me the product for the payd price,
       | and also gave them a big fine.
       | 
       | The moral of the story is that a customer has to fight for his
       | rights, by whatever means are legal in his country.
       | 
       | If I had time, I would have made an interactive app for consumers
       | to vote for good behaving companies, bad behaving companies, add
       | proofs for everybody to be seen and try to pressure the companies
       | to behave good.
        
       | trey-jones wrote:
       | Regarding the salient point of "Don't buy a home warranty":
       | 
       | I guess it should always have been obvious that the most
       | profitable product to sell is "nothing", AKA most types of
       | insurance and warranty. At this point it's optimized to the point
       | of the computer telling customer service peons whether it's
       | "worth" entertaining your claim. Ethics and actual _customer
       | service_ have gone out the window.
        
       | goindeep wrote:
       | Haha I used to work for a hot water company and this type of
       | thing was pretty common. Doesn't bring back fond memories. So
       | glad to not be doing that shitty job.
        
       | unknownus3r wrote:
       | How come you never show them the evidence? Is it because it lets
       | the lawyers concoct a story?
        
         | abraae wrote:
         | In many legal confrontations you're best not to put all your
         | cards on the table up front.
         | 
         | Apart from anything else, it creates information asymmetry -
         | your opponent certainly won't tip their hand to you until they
         | feel the time is right.
         | 
         | And you leave yourself open to bluffing. If you blab
         | everything, and then the other side steps it up and comes after
         | you harder, you'll be left wondering - they know everything,
         | but they're doubling down - am I missing something? Gee, they
         | must have a stronger case than I thought.
        
           | doctor_eval wrote:
           | Yeah I agree with this. I think it's important to put the
           | necessary facts on the table, along with your claim or
           | gambit, but to hold back on the detail until you work out
           | which way the wind is blowing.
           | 
           | I've had people tell me outright lies, which puts them in a
           | difficult negotiating position when you can prove it. But the
           | lies would not have been told (and my negotiating position
           | not strengthened) if all the evidence was laid out up front.
           | 
           | Hiding information from an adversary has few downsides, as
           | long as you keep your goals clear. You can always provide
           | more information later. But you can never take information
           | back.
        
           | snapetom wrote:
           | This was basically my line of thinking when I filed. I felt I
           | had good evidence, and I felt it all attacked very specific
           | clauses in the contract. I didn't want to give them an
           | opportunity to plan against it.
           | 
           | In hindsight, it may not have mattered. After all, I was
           | going up against lawyers. thathndude, who has the top comment
           | and is a lawyer, has a different perspective.
        
       | NaturalPhallacy wrote:
       | >a privatization of justice.
       | 
       | More and more I'm starting to think that anything that isn't just
       | "justice" is injustice.
        
       | bsedlm wrote:
       | > _I was very impressed that this company so effectively neutered
       | all staff that had any contact with customers._
       | 
       | I'm fascinated by the separation of them who do something (the
       | company's employees), them who run it (i.e. who tell said
       | employees how to work), AND them who actually own the company.
       | 
       | It's been mind-blowing to me how for all large-enough companies,
       | the people who own it have no say at all in how it's run. and the
       | people who run it (the managers or "executives"/bureaucrats who
       | curiously do not actually peform the productivity-creating labor)
       | cannot be really held liable for what the company does for it's
       | only their job, the owners are liable, but they have no say (nor
       | interest really) in how it's run, they just want them
       | dividends/rent.
       | 
       | in this scenario, the giant multinational corporations are
       | essentially skynet; i.e. rogue, unaccountable/never liable group
       | of autonomous entities made mostly out of money.
       | 
       | Sometimes I like to imagine that on some level of companies who
       | own other companies, there already exist groups of companies that
       | own each other, such that if you followed the trail of ownership
       | you'd go around a cycle.
        
         | quadrifoliate wrote:
         | > the people who own it have no say at all in how it's run. and
         | the people who run it (the managers or "executives"/bureaucrats
         | who curiously do not actually peform the productivity-creating
         | labor) cannot be really held liable for what the company does
         | for it's only their job
         | 
         | I'm sure that's the case _somewhere_ , but not really sure that
         | it applies to this instance. In this case it sounds like the
         | whole thing would have worked as intended if it had been a non-
         | persistent user. 99% of people will just give up after hearing
         | this sort of repetitive "no it's your problem" and settle for
         | writing a bad review online.
         | 
         | The owners ultimately can hire and fire the people necessary to
         | implement their standards, so the company as a whole will
         | mostly tend to reflect their overall preferences over time.
        
           | bsedlm wrote:
           | I disagree, I think even in this scenario the whole thing
           | worked as intended.
           | 
           | It's just rare for people to be this persistent.
           | 
           | I'm supsect that when companies deal with other companies
           | this kind of thing (this amount of persistence) is the norm;
           | it's just rare when individual persons deal with companies.
        
         | axelsvensson wrote:
         | > I like to imagine ... there already exist groups of companies
         | that own each other ... around a cycle.
         | 
         | Do an image search for "Samsung group ownership structure"
        
           | jvanderbot wrote:
           | https://qz.com/223755/samsungs-bizarre-byzantine-
           | ownership-s...
           | 
           | It is bizarre, byzantine, and incredibly convoluted.
        
       | sequoia wrote:
       | @snapetom (author): what caused you to counter-offer 80% rather
       | than sticking with 100%? Presumably expediency, but it seems with
       | arbitrator on the line you were well on your way to a 100%
       | payout.
        
       | cosmotic wrote:
       | Forced arbitration can be a double edged sward for the
       | corporations too. A while back, a company filed a motion to
       | dismiss a class-action case because everyone signed arbitration
       | agreements. The judge denied the request and forced the company
       | to start an arbitration process with each member of a class,
       | which was MUCH more expensive for the company to deal with than
       | treating the class as a single entity.
        
       | mig39 wrote:
       | > In the US, it's not easy to sue a company as a customer.
       | 
       | My experience in Canada:
       | 
       | - I successfully sued a large retailer (something mart) over a
       | $60 mistake, that ended up costing them a lot more in small
       | claims court.
       | 
       | Just dealing with the company was insane. Literally yelling at me
       | on the phone that they were never going to pay for a simple
       | mistake. I literally said "well, if you're going to yell at me,
       | let's at least do it in front of a judge."
       | 
       | It was really easy to file the papers, and even serve them
       | myself. The court people helped. The company denied, denied,
       | denied. Day of the case, literally 5 minutes before it was set to
       | start, they agreed to pay everything I asked for (including 2
       | days of my time), but wanted me to sign a non-disclosure
       | agreement. Which I did.
       | 
       | - Second case, it was one of Canada's largest banks. Error on
       | their part, cost me $1000+ in extra expenses. Fought me the whole
       | way, didn't want to pay anything at all. Went through their
       | internal ombudsman process, but never got anywhere. A few days
       | after filing a claim in small claims court, they gave me
       | everything I asked for. Again, wanted me to sign a non-disclosure
       | agreement.
       | 
       | So I tell everyone I know, that in Canada, the big corporations
       | are more afraid of courts than anything else. Last thing they
       | want is a public record of wrongdoing.
        
         | Beltalowda wrote:
         | These kind of NDAs are frustrating because it prevents systemic
         | problems from being aired and addressed. I don't blame you for
         | accepting it - I would have done the same - because it's not
         | your problem to fix; you just want your $1000 back, but I wish
         | they would be restricted by law.
        
       | ewuhic wrote:
       | What would be the analogous process in EU (Germany,
       | specifically)? And does it fall under Zivilrecht?
        
       | gnicholas wrote:
       | For anyone else dealing with home warranty companies, you should
       | also try contacting your state's regulators. In CA, this is the
       | Dept. of Insurance. They helped me immensely with a situation
       | where the repair person actually broke something but was
       | unwilling to come back and fix it.
       | 
       | The home warranty company refused to call me back and it was
       | impossible for me to get through inbound. But the DOI employee
       | was able to contact them, and that was all it took. She followed
       | up several times to make sure the situation was completely
       | resolved.
        
       | rascul wrote:
       | Is it just me or do others also find "hot water heater" to be a
       | strange term? To me it's just a "water heater".
        
         | timwis wrote:
         | But once the water becomes hot, you need to continue to heat it
         | intermittently to keep it hot. So it's only a water heater for
         | a few minutes, after which point it becomes a hot water heater.
        
       | Tabular-Iceberg wrote:
       | > Trying to find someone at HWC who could show an iota of free-
       | will and thinking was hilarious and impossible.
       | 
       | Since this is such a common pattern when interacting with any
       | kind of customer support I'm interested in exploring why this is.
       | 
       | The solution seems trivial enough. Write down the customer id,
       | date, time and what was pre-approved on a piece of paper. Then
       | when the computer comes back up, enter it into the system.
       | 
       | Maybe the call handlers were just lazy and thought they could use
       | the outage as a break. But you would think that bickering with
       | customers on the phone is a lot more draining and annoying than
       | just keeping business flowing.
       | 
       | Maybe the software didn't allow recording events that had already
       | happened, like the date and time field wasn't editable. Did the
       | developers think that their system was infallible and would never
       | go down? Or did they ask the domain experts if they should make
       | this provision, and it was rejected?
       | 
       | If so, what was the motivation of the domain experts? Did they
       | think that their developers and IT infrastructure was infallible?
       | Or did they not trust the call handlers enough to make the date
       | and time field editable? Or do they take delight in finding
       | loopholes where they can shirk their contractual obligations?
        
         | Arrath wrote:
         | I bet it boils down to an intersection of a number of issues.
         | 
         | > The solution seems trivial enough.
         | 
         | Maybe so, but that is the usual trap, isn't it? Us armchair
         | experts can expound to no end from the outside.
         | 
         | > Write down the customer id, date, time and what was pre-
         | approved on a piece of paper. Then when the computer comes back
         | up, enter it into the system.
         | 
         | I imagine that the typical phone-drone has no authority to
         | provide such an authorization, and with the system down they
         | have no avenue to pursue one. No trail through the system, no
         | audits, etc.
         | 
         | > Did the developers think that their system was infallible and
         | would never go down?
         | 
         | Surely not, but the developers knowing their system is fallible
         | is a long way from management acknowledging that reality, and
         | drafting policy to account for outages. Allowing, e.g., for
         | manual pre-auth procedures.
         | 
         | > If so, what was the motivation of the domain experts? [...]
         | Or do they take delight in finding loopholes where they can
         | shirk their contractual obligations?
         | 
         | Or do they get tired of dealing with bureaucratic red tape,
         | scope changes, approval processes, etc. etc. and just ship the
         | product the customer asked for, despite shortcomings in the
         | spec, and call it a day so they can gtfo?
        
       | VBprogrammer wrote:
       | > 3) Keep records of phone conversations. Date, time, who,
       | resolution. Keep screenshots. Keep emails.
       | 
       | If you take nothing else away from this article this a great
       | point.
       | 
       | I once had an issue where two different electricity companies
       | believed they were supplying our University flat. This turned out
       | to be due to the mess of naming systems involved in Edinburgh
       | flats where two apparently identical flats had meter numbers.
       | Eventually I was able to extract this information from the call
       | handlers but only after a ridiculous number of calls.
       | 
       | This got far better when I started taking names and extension
       | numbers so that I could skip the intro session on each call and
       | speak directly to someone who knew the situation. Taking careful
       | notes of who I spoke to and when.
       | 
       | For about 2 years later I'd still get the hard sell from some
       | debt collectors telling me that I could just pay the PS2000 and
       | it would all be over...
        
         | matsemann wrote:
         | I had a similar situation. My lesson from that was that if I
         | can make "my" problem "their" problem, it will resolve itself
         | quick.
         | 
         | In my case, someone had mistyped a meter number (matching mine)
         | when signing a new contract with a power company. I got a
         | message from my existing provider that I would be transferred
         | there. I called the new company to explain that it was a
         | mistake, and they seemed happy to fix it. I had to jump through
         | some hoops (get a key to the power panel for the building to
         | take a picture of my meter and stuff), but thought it was okay
         | to get it resolved.
         | 
         | But it didn't work, later I got a letter addressed to the
         | apartment, saying I owned the new company money. I gave them a
         | call, and they didn't really want to fix it, just get their
         | money, and make me do additional stuff to prove I hadn't signed
         | with them. It was then I could say something along the line of
         | "We don't have a contract, which is YOUR problem. As far as I'm
         | concerned I'm getting free electricity until you fix this". Of
         | course I could only say this because legally they can't cut the
         | power here during winter.
         | 
         | But when it became their problem of losing money, it was fixed
         | without issues.
        
         | noir_lord wrote:
         | npower nearly drove me off the ledge (or more correctly came
         | close to been the final push at what was the worst moment in my
         | life) because they kept fucking up their billing for nearly a
         | year over and over again, the same shit.
         | 
         | In the end I got pissed and kept asking for more senior people
         | til I got to some director of something or other, I explained
         | what had happened, that I had all the evidence (bank statements
         | showing I'd paid, their inability to meter coherently etc) and
         | that my next call was going to be a solicitor and ofgem if it
         | wasn't resolved.
         | 
         | They zeroed the account (which worked in my favour somewhat
         | since I had used _some of it_ , came and got an accurate meter
         | reading and apologised.
         | 
         | Turned out later I was caught up in this shitshow on their
         | side: https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/publications/npower-pay-
         | ps26m-faili...
         | 
         | So yes, keep _everything_ is good advice.
        
         | thathndude wrote:
         | As an attorney, I love when I get a client like this who has
         | tons and tons of records.
         | 
         | I recently had a case where my client, who uses a service dog,
         | was denied a hotel reservation because of the dog. The hotel's
         | attorney called me and said "I spoke with the other person, she
         | said this never happened, and he never said it was a service
         | animal." Well, my client, due to his disability, uses a
         | telephone system that records all of his calls. I sent over the
         | recording, and it clearly showed that he identified a service
         | animal, and the person just said "no." Now that lawyer knows
         | his client's a liar.
        
           | nabla9 wrote:
           | Olympus Telephone Recording Device (TP-8) costs something
           | like $25.
           | 
           | It's simply brilliant. It plugs into any recorder with 3.5mm
           | plug and because it's device you have in your ear it works
           | with any call (normal phone call, WhatsApp whatever).
           | Reporters routinely use it with Olympus voice recorders to
           | make phone interviews.
           | 
           | I highly recommend.
        
             | ameister14 wrote:
             | Here's a handy 50 state survey of phone recording laws:
             | https://www.justia.com/50-state-surveys/recording-phone-
             | call...
        
             | rr808 wrote:
             | You'd think there would be an app for this, or even built
             | into the ios/android.
        
               | nunez wrote:
               | There used to be for Android, but Google has restricted
               | audio routing during calls to prevent two-way recording
               | (i.e. you'll only hear yourself).
               | 
               | iOS used to have this capability for jail-broken devices
               | way back in the day; not sure if it still does.
               | 
               | I'm guessing that the state-level consent laws make it
               | difficult for Apple and Google to bake in phone
               | recording.
        
               | ntoskrnl wrote:
               | Google has actually been fighting call recording apps for
               | years. California is a two-party consent state, but most
               | states are one-party consent (and many countries don't
               | have legal restrictions at all). They're basically
               | enforcing California law globally. It's extremely
               | frustrating to have your phone force-upgraded only to
               | lose important features.
               | 
               | https://www.pcmag.com/news/google-is-banning-call-
               | recording-...
        
             | thathndude wrote:
             | Not your lawyer legal advice:
             | 
             | Make sure you are aware of the relevant laws regarding
             | recording phone conversations.
             | 
             | Having said that, thanks for the equipment tip!
        
               | maccard wrote:
               | Not looking for legal advice but: how does that work in
               | the context that the other party is recording my call? If
               | I phone a service provider, they tell me calls are
               | recorded for training and monitoring purposes - does this
               | prove they've given consent to both parties recording?
        
               | CPLX wrote:
               | > If I phone a service provider, they tell me calls are
               | recorded for training and monitoring purposes
               | 
               | Yes. If you're recording a call and it says "Your calls
               | may be recorded" from their end that would be an open and
               | shut argument that they've given permission for you to
               | record the call.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | Also did you agree to be recorded without duress, if you
               | have to tall to them and they won't talk without
               | recording?
        
             | ornornor wrote:
             | I don't understand how it works. It only has one jack. What
             | do you plug it into? How do you get any audio into the
             | earphone AND record both sides of the call? Or is it just
             | like any microphone and you have to put the phone on
             | speaker and basically record the ambiant audio?
        
               | nabla9 wrote:
               | You plug it into anything that records sound.
               | 
               | The earpiece has a good microphone that captures both
               | sides.
               | 
               | I was skeptical at first, but It just works. It records
               | both sides of conversation well.
        
               | [deleted]
        
       | sudden_dystopia wrote:
       | This is interesting, thanks for sharing and good work!
        
       | KingOfCoders wrote:
       | "Of course, they refused to pay. Trying to find someone at HWC
       | who could show an iota of free-will and thinking was hilarious
       | and impossible."
       | 
       | Not sure if this was in the US, but whenever I was there, I was
       | astonished by the little amount of free-will employees have.
       | 
       | I wanted to see a different hotel room for our next stay. Here in
       | Germany someone would take me to the room and show me. There
       | (NYC, good hotel) the receptionist needed to ask a manager who
       | needed to ask a manager - in the end it was not possible.
        
       | DeathArrow wrote:
       | Is arbitration used as a way to solve litigations between
       | corporations and consumers, generally used just in US?
       | 
       | In my European country, arbitration is scarcely used and when it
       | is used it implies just businesses.
        
       | gambiting wrote:
       | >>and about two days later, got a Fed-Ex'ed check in the mail.
       | 
       | I often wonder, how much time and fuel is wasted on this nonsense
       | in the US. Couldn't they have just.....sent him the money
       | directly? You know, like in literally every other country in the
       | world?
        
         | srvmshr wrote:
         | Its hilarious when selling/buying used books. I have had, on
         | few occasions, been sent sale receipts of 1 or 2C/ on books
         | which were re-sold. I would rather have them keep the money. It
         | takes 40-60C/ to post that check.
        
         | puzzlingcaptcha wrote:
         | To be fair, the French tax office mailed me my tax refund as a
         | physical cheque which I couldn't cash as I no longer lived
         | there. I eventually got them to wire it by SEPA but it required
         | explaining my situation in a letter.
        
         | thathndude wrote:
         | This. The number of companies still sending me checks (for
         | client settlements) is asinine. And these are BIG companies
         | (fortune 50). I have one of my regular companies now that
         | ACH's.
         | 
         | The amount of money spent on overnight mailing in the legal
         | profession is astonishing.
        
           | kaon123 wrote:
           | Why is this?
        
             | paulgb wrote:
             | I wonder if companies want to have an image of a cashed,
             | endorsed check as proof that the funds were sent, given the
             | antagonistic nature of the relationship. With ACH/wire you
             | can prove that the money was sent, but it is harder to
             | prove that it landed in the customer's account. Kind of a
             | TCP vs. UDP thing.
        
             | thathndude wrote:
             | Large organizations are big, dumb, and slow. Only a tiny
             | bit of that is hyperbole.
        
               | swores wrote:
               | Is it possible that even a small % of people losing and
               | forgetting to actually use the cheques saves more money
               | than a little added cost to each payment?
        
             | Tabular-Iceberg wrote:
             | My guess is simply superstition.
             | 
             | I don't know if this is true (I heard it from a local), but
             | for decades there was not a single ATM on the Falkland
             | islands. The local bank said ATMs just don't work on remote
             | islands. So a Stanley petrol station took the matter into
             | their own hands and just bought one. ATMs don't care if
             | you're on an island, you just plug them in, put money in
             | them and then people take it out. I can at least verify
             | that that part is true because I was there, saw the machine
             | and got money out of it.
             | 
             | Another personal anecdote is an industrial application
             | where safety critical updates had to be received on DVD-Rs
             | that were routinely left unsupervised with untrusted
             | intermediaries in very shady parts of the world. I
             | suggested putting a message authentication code to ensure
             | it hadn't been tampered with. The industry professional I
             | was talking to would hear none of it, thinking the only way
             | would be to transfer the entire contents of the disk over a
             | very expensive satellite link to the head office and have
             | it compared bit by bit. That MACs are a real thing that
             | actually works, and that sending the data back and forth
             | and comparing isn't actually secure unless a MAC is also
             | used was like water off the goose.
        
         | atraac wrote:
         | That's what surprised me the most too. Like... it's 2022, I'm
         | sure we have banking systems capable of transferring miniscule
         | amounts of money on demand, everywhere in the world. Right? For
         | the amount of tech that comes from US, it seems to be
         | incredibly backward on a lot of things.
        
         | grumple wrote:
         | You see an inefficient system. Companies see a way to hold onto
         | the money for longer, which makes them better able to use that
         | money elsewhere in the meantime like continuing to earn from
         | investments, benefit slightly from inflation, and potentially
         | make other decisions with that money. Holding onto 2k for a few
         | extra days might not be a big deal, but when you do it for
         | everything you pay out that can be a substantial benefit over
         | time.
        
         | Hamuko wrote:
         | I don't understand why Americans don't do direct bank
         | transfers, they're fantastic. And with SEPA Instant Credit
         | Transfer, it's even better than ever. I have a secondary bank
         | account in Germany (N26) and if I transfer money from my
         | Finnish bank account to it, I get a push notification from the
         | receiving bank basically a second after I push "Confirm" on the
         | transfer UI.
        
           | dymk wrote:
           | > I don't understand why Americans don't do direct bank
           | transfers
           | 
           | we do...
        
             | gambiting wrote:
             | Well, yes, which makes the whole situation even weirder -
             | American banks support direct bank transfers, yet companies
             | and individuals continue using cheques. Fedexing a check
             | for insurance claim is like super duper weird to me - it
             | must cost money to send it, it cannot possibly be cheaper
             | than just wiring the money.
        
       | junon wrote:
       | Enjoyed the writeup!
       | 
       | > The world doesn't care about you feeling like you were wronged
       | and how hurt your feelings were. It wants cold, hard facts.
       | 
       | This has been somewhat of a guiding light for me for quite a long
       | time, hammered into my by my attorney father, and it alone has
       | saved me countless times.
        
       | dlandis wrote:
       | Great write up, but I would also be interested to learn what the
       | total number of hours was that the author devoted to this case,
       | including all the phone calls, email, research, preparation, etc.
       | 
       | His main takeaway was to not be afraid of the arbitration
       | process, but unfortunately the time commitment itself does seem
       | very significant, even in a relatively straightforward case like
       | his.
        
         | guerrilla wrote:
         | Exactly. Not only that, but it also requires you to know about
         | all this stuff and know to even be persistent.
        
       | imglorp wrote:
       | Side rant:
       | 
       | > 4) Don't get a home warranty.
       | 
       | Sellers are basically obligated to provide them, because it's
       | what everybody does. They serve to lubricate a deal with a
       | checkbox, while releasing the seller from some obligations.
       | 
       | I'm pretty sure selling RE agents get a percentage on referrals
       | (in US). I sold a house without an agent and phoned one of these
       | companies to simply buy a warranty to hand to my house buyer.
       | They were baffled how to do this without my agent id number until
       | some manager said just sell it to him.
       | 
       | The whole thing is a reception line of parasites waiting for some
       | homebuyer blood.
        
         | codingdave wrote:
         | Yet we did get a warranty on our recent home purchase, and it
         | paid for itself 3 times over. But this was a very specific
         | situation - the home had been built over 20 years ago and had
         | all the original appliances, furnace, water heater, etc. It was
         | a ticking time bomb to have to replace those things. So we got
         | the warranty and pushed the warranty every time the slightest
         | thing went wrong, and replaced half of the various appliance
         | and systems with some reimbursements from the warranty.
         | 
         | Not total reimbursements, and I don't recommend the warranties
         | unless you likewise have a complete set of appliances past
         | their expected lifetimes. But like anything else, use a tool in
         | the right place, in the right way, and it serves its purpose.
        
         | asciimov wrote:
         | Used to be a thing, it's such a sellers market right now that
         | in my area (Texas) the sellers aren't including it anymore.
        
         | thedanbob wrote:
         | Home warranty companies are the worst. After the year warranty
         | that came with my first house expired I (foolishly) maintained
         | the contract for a while longer. I later sold the house,
         | including 6 months or a year of that same warranty contract.
         | After that pre-paid time period was up they started charging
         | _my credit card_ again rather than the new owners. I called
         | multiple times but was unable to get anyone to remove my card
         | details from the contract. Thankfully, since it was a credit
         | card I was just able to do a few chargebacks and that solved
         | the problem.
        
           | snapetom wrote:
           | Author here.
           | 
           | As an aside, shortly before I filed, I told one of the
           | customer service reps to cancel my contract. They said a
           | manager would call me (I assume a retention specialist) but
           | they never did. Coincidentally, my credit card expired and I
           | just figured I'd cancel the contract that way.
           | 
           | For _months_ I got emails and eventually calls from them
           | telling me my credit card expired. I 'm like, "I just had to
           | file an arbitration case against you fuckers. Can't you read
           | my account notes?" But after dealing with those reps, I
           | concluded that no, they can't read my account notes.
        
         | chrisjc wrote:
         | And if you're on the other end as the buyer and actually need
         | to use the warranty, good luck. One of the worst experiences
         | I've ever had, and it was supposed to be "one of the best home
         | warranty companies out there".
        
         | astura wrote:
         | This must be a highly regional thing because nobody offered to
         | sell me a home warranty when I bought my house.
        
           | mherdeg wrote:
           | Yeah, I think home sale practices vary widely by market.
           | 
           | A couple of years ago a family friend in Florida says "Oh
           | yes, we never make an offer until the second showing." Ha ha
           | ha.
        
           | zippergz wrote:
           | In my experience (in several US states) it has never been
           | "offered to sell me." It has been "the seller is including a
           | home warranty [whether you want it or not]." One time I tried
           | turning it down, and was basically told "well, we'd have to
           | go back to the drawing board on the offer if you do that.
           | Just take it. Everyone takes it." And similarly when selling
           | a house "I don't want to include a home warranty" was met
           | with "all other sellers include it, so if you don't, you're
           | going to look bad." For the cost of these warranties I can't
           | imagine that the agents are getting that much of a kickback,
           | especially compared to the commission they make on the sale,
           | but something is clearly going on.
        
             | astura wrote:
             | Well my house didn't come with a home warranty either nor
             | did anyone involved in the transaction recommend one or
             | even mention it either way. I was under the impression they
             | were a very niche product.
        
             | snowwrestler wrote:
             | Well just to put in some more anecdotes, I sold a home in
             | December and did not offer a home warranty. My agent did
             | not care and the home sold quickly without one.
             | 
             | And several friends and family have purchased real estate
             | in the last few months; again no home warranty offered or
             | expected in those transactions.
        
               | snapetom wrote:
               | I think the market has a lot to do with it. I've bought
               | properties in buyer's markets (recession '08 and '14) and
               | it was barely even mentioned that there was a home
               | warranty included. I got the sense from my agents that it
               | was standard.
               | 
               | I've been shopping since September last year and watched
               | the market shift as low interest rates stopped recently.
               | There was a seasonal dip in December 2021, but it was
               | still about 20% higher than even highs of previous years
               | as people scrambled to get good loans before they ended.
               | It was definitely a seller's market. My agent said many
               | winning deals were waiving financing contingencies and
               | even inspection contingencies to sweeten the offer. Home
               | warranties would have been one of the first things
               | dropped.
        
       | prakhar897 wrote:
       | IMO the author could've elaborated in the email on how the
       | company is deliberately trying to deny their responsibility for
       | the actions and how the arbitration clause is added in bad faith
       | and has created a dark pattern which harms the consumers
       | nationwide. This means (I'm not a lawyer) the person on the other
       | side might get scared about a class action suit.
        
       | AlbertCory wrote:
       | Great job.
       | 
       | Counter-example (missing nearly all the details, unfortunately,
       | to protect privacy): a friend filed a wrongful termination claim,
       | which went to arbitration. The defendant stretched it out for
       | _two years_ , which I consider a transparent attempt to bankrupt
       | him with legal fees. Finally they settled, but even after the
       | agreement to settle, it still dragged on. Eventually it ended.
        
         | toppings wrote:
         | An option to consider is to get a referral from your local bar
         | association and let them know you are looking to pay on a flat
         | fee basis.
        
       | giantg2 wrote:
       | Did this actually go to arbitration? It sounds more like they
       | filed an arbitration case but that the company settled before
       | going to arbitration.
        
         | thathndude wrote:
         | This is what happened. The company probably got an invoice from
         | the arbitration company for $2,000+ and paid it to the consumer
         | instead. They save a headache and having to pay for attorneys.
        
       | jsjohns2 wrote:
       | Lest anyone come away from this thinking that arbitration is good
       | for the consumer, this story only has a happy ending because the
       | business chose to settle.
       | 
       | I also took a corporation to arbitration. A Big 4 bank destroyed
       | my credit over a billing mistake that was their fault, relating
       | to a credit card account with a $230 balance. Despite seeking
       | nothing more than to have my credit fixed, the bank refused to
       | settle. I contacted upwards of 100 attorneys with no luck, so
       | decided to self-represent.
       | 
       | 16 months, 25 hours under oath, and over 2,000 hours later, I
       | "won" a judgement forcing the bank to fix my credit -- but no
       | monetary recovery at all.
        
       | deepsun wrote:
       | > Keep records of phone conversations
       | 
       | How do you record the phone conversations?
       | 
       | I remember Android doesn't really allow you to record the other
       | party audio, only your own. Unless you write your own caller app
       | that processes the audio, but not sure how easy it is to send the
       | audio to default phone caller after. Apple probably does it too.
        
         | c0nsumer wrote:
         | For this purpose, even just having notes is sufficient. Eg:
         | 
         | 2022-May-31 @ 11:09 AM: Spoke with X via phone, was informed
         | their system was down and they could not accept my claim.
         | 
         | Recordings of the calls themselves can get murky legally, and
         | are technically challenging, but in my experience factual notes
         | are sufficient.
        
           | snapetom wrote:
           | This. A detailed description of the call - what was
           | discussed, who was discussed, what I said - reconciled with a
           | record from the phone or phone company is more than enough.
           | This is what many other professions, including medical, do.
           | 
           | If you're involved in a multi-million dollar lawsuit, sure
           | you'll nitpick with lawyers about the content of the call,
           | but for a few grand, no one's going to argue with you.
           | 
           | There's also too many headaches with recording calls. Dealing
           | with one party vs. two party states, etc.
        
           | deepsun wrote:
           | Hmm, then in sounds I can just record my own voice only.
           | Notes are easy to write down later from those. Legally all is
           | fine, since I'm recording only my own voice, but it's good
           | for the purposes you describe.
        
         | tiborsaas wrote:
         | Turn on speakerphone mode and use another device to record,
         | your laptop should probably do the trick.
        
         | ClumsyPilot wrote:
         | I used to have a call recorder app installed on android, but
         | some update removed that ability
        
           | deepsun wrote:
           | Yep, I think there's no way to do that through API now, for
           | security reasons.
           | 
           | There needs to be a dedicated "caller" app, and that app must
           | be visibly different from default caller app.
        
       | jeffrallen wrote:
       | I love it.
       | 
       | Contacts are awesome. I got humanitarian aid logistics training
       | and the teacher taught us: always make a written contract, for
       | any agreement. You don't need to be a lawyer to make a useful
       | contact. The process of writing and signing it clarifies the
       | situation to you and the counterparty. Most disagreements can be
       | solved in informal arbitration, especially when one party can
       | show, look we agreed to this and then I did this and you did
       | that. Humans do better removing emotion and ego when there's some
       | rules written down.
       | 
       | I also faced a situation where the contract a former logistician
       | had entered into had become wildly unfair to the vendor, not
       | through his fault. He started giving me problems and I offered to
       | break the contract and find a new compromise that met my needs
       | and his. Happiness all around, for a small amount of reasonable,
       | ethical cost to my organization.
        
       | 1970-01-01 wrote:
       | This was an excellent write-up! The TL;DR is perfect:
       | 
       | 1) Don't be afraid of arbitration. I did feel AAA was helpful in
       | the process. In fact, heading straight to arbitration may be the
       | best way to fight this system that corporations created.
       | 
       | 2) READ. YOUR. CONTRACT. I swear, this got me like 90% there. It
       | doesn't matter that I don't have a background in contract law.
       | These customer contracts are designed to be (relatively)
       | approachable. I felt being able to specifically point out what
       | clauses were violated and how gave me a very strong cause of
       | action. I also pointed out there was no out-clause in the
       | contract for computer system failures. I suspect this had
       | something to do with them accepting my counter-offer so quickly.
       | Once the attorney saw that yes, there were breaches of contract,
       | they probably knew my case was pretty strong. The world doesn't
       | care about you feeling like you were wronged and how hurt your
       | feelings were. It wants cold, hard facts.
       | 
       | 3) Keep records of phone conversations. Date, time, who,
       | resolution. Keep screenshots. Keep emails. I didn't have to
       | present them to an arbiter, but I think if I had to, I had the
       | evidence to point out exactly where HWC failed.
       | 
       | 4) Don't get a home warranty.
        
       | akudha wrote:
       | I just read some of the clauses in my contract for a new job that
       | I am starting (I am a "sub-contractor" here). The amount of
       | legalese, the amount of one sided items there ... it is insane.
       | It left me wondering if the lawyers that write these contracts
       | have an iota of empathy or conscience. If I were to summarize the
       | contract in one line it would be "we owe you nothing, you owe us
       | everything".
       | 
       | And this is for a low level, software job. Software that doesn't
       | touch (as far as I know) anything secretive like the military.
       | Just some run of the mill web CRUD app.
       | 
       | Maybe I am too sensitive, but why have we become so litigious? I
       | understand people need to cover their ass, but some of the
       | clauses are so egregious. Same with my lease agreement. Reminds
       | me of this Carlin rant -
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VFl84lGveQs
        
       | willyt wrote:
       | This is my experience in the UK. If you are party to a contract
       | and due to the failure of the other party to adhere to the terms
       | of the contract you are out of pocket the other party needs to
       | put you back in the position you would have been in had the
       | breach not happened. Hence, you can charge for your time in
       | writing letters and submissions to small claims court etc because
       | that is time spent which wouldn't have been spent if they had
       | performed thier contract. Therefore I always state my hourly rate
       | and how much time I've spent so far when dealing with
       | intransigence from companies. I had a fault in my electricty
       | meter and was over charged by PS2000. I spent hours on the phone
       | and they didn't do anything to resolve the problem until I
       | threatened small claims court at which point they refunded me and
       | offered PS250 compensation. compesation for my time. Maybe
       | justice doesn't work like this in the US, but I reckon he
       | probably could have got more from this company.
        
         | giantg2 wrote:
         | "they refunded me and offered PS250 compensation. compesation
         | for my time."
         | 
         | Yep, it doesn't work like that at all in the US. A threat of
         | going to court might get you the refund. No way are are they
         | paying for your time voluntarily.
        
         | cjg wrote:
         | I had a UK judge say exactly the opposite in court - you don't
         | get to claim your time - that's just the joy of litigation.
        
       | soorya3 wrote:
       | Also there may be other ways to recover the money for example
       | local and federal law related to your problem (simply google
       | them). In my case, Travel company customer service failed to
       | cancel my flight and after months of following up (although
       | slowly because most of us don't have time and energy to spend)
       | finally I filed a case with DOT (federal law) and I got my money
       | within few weeks. Another great resource is consumer protection
       | bureau (https://www.consumerfinance.gov/).
        
       | ddeck wrote:
       | Just in case it's helpful to anyone, I had a good experience
       | using the CEDR Aviation Adjudication Scheme[1] to challenge
       | Easyjet's refusal to pay up under the EU flight delay
       | compensation scheme [2].
       | 
       | The EU has a mandatory compensation scheme for for passengers
       | where flights are late, cancelled, denying boarding etc. This
       | applies not only to EU citizens and airlines, but to all flights
       | flying from or to the EU.
       | 
       | I had an Easyjet flight that was delayed for hours, then
       | cancelled overnight, requiring a hotel stay etc. After lodging
       | the claim with the airline, they responded that the delay, then
       | cancellation was due to extra ordinary reasons (weather) and as
       | such they weren't responsible.
       | 
       | The CEDR scheme requires a payment of about EUR30, which is not
       | refundable if you lose and the airline needs to be a member of
       | the scheme, but many are.
       | 
       | Easyjet were required to provide evidence of the extraordinary
       | circumstances, and they ended up submitting a long story about
       | the plane being delayed due to severe storms on a prior flight in
       | France, along with the associated documents.
       | 
       | That turned out to be true, but the tail number on the plane that
       | was delayed was a completely difference aircraft, and they were
       | forced to pay the full compensation, which amounted to near
       | EUR1k.
       | 
       | The whole process took several weeks, but it didn't require me to
       | be present in the EU and was done entirely via the CEDR website.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.cedr.com/consumer/aviation/
       | 
       | [2] https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/travel/passenger-
       | right...
        
       | andrew_ wrote:
       | Conversely, don't be afraid of aftermarket vehicle warranties (in
       | the US, and after you've vetted them). Perhaps a YMMV moment, but
       | I've had a very positive experience surprisingly.
        
       | pseingatl wrote:
       | I don't understand why so many people are afraid of arbitration
       | either. Filing fees are lower. Documentation required to file is
       | easier.
       | 
       | Federal courts are drug courts. Wait in line. Motion practice is
       | discretionary.
       | 
       | State civil courts are backlogged. Lawyers will file delaying
       | motions to wear you down. You must know what you are doing. The
       | response to a complaint is not an answer, it's a motion to
       | dismiss w/request for sanctions and fees.
       | 
       | In roughly half the States, judges are elected and draw campaign
       | funds from the attorneys who appear before them. You didn't
       | contribute? Back to the end of the line.
       | 
       | AAA arbitrators are often retired judges anyway. The process is
       | easier. There are some negatives but these do not outweigh the
       | pain of a state or federal civil case.
        
         | asciimov wrote:
         | > I don't understand why so many people are afraid of
         | arbitration either.
         | 
         | Two reasons:
         | 
         | 1. People hear that arbitration favors the company not the
         | individual, as such they think they are already set up to
         | loose.
         | 
         | 2. People aren't lawyers. Even highly educated (including those
         | with doctorates) aren't likely to have had any classes on law.
         | As such they don't know how to read contracts, don't know their
         | rights, don't know the odds of them actually winning their
         | case. To the layperson, the law is a mysterious construct best
         | to be avoided.
        
       | bjarneh wrote:
       | > Of course, they refused to pay. Trying to find someone at HWC
       | who could show an iota of free-will and thinking was hilarious
       | and impossible.
       | 
       | This always annoys me; a 100 sellers for every person working in
       | any type of customer care/support role seems to be the norm. If
       | you can actually get in contact with someone in customer
       | care/support their job always seem to be to brush you off nicely,
       | not really help you.
        
       | thelittleprince wrote:
       | Just curious. What if you failed the claim? Let's say OP didn't
       | hire an attorney, would he/she has to pay anything to the company
       | for a false claim?
        
       | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
       | Just an FYI. You should check the terms for arbitration in
       | service contracts. A fiber ISP in my area permits you to opt out
       | if you notify them within 30 days of beginning service.
        
       | guerrilla wrote:
       | > In the US, it's not easy to sue a company as a customer. Maybe
       | about thirty years ago, it became common for companies to put
       | into contracts and terms of service, clauses that required
       | binding arbitration to resolve disputes. This was cheaper for the
       | company in many ways including a streamlined resolution process,
       | cheaper lawyers, no sifting through frivolous lawsuits, and
       | finality once a decision is made. It sucked for the consumer
       | because it's essentially a privatization of justice.
       | 
       | It seems insane that people are just fine with this. There's not
       | even a top comment here mentioning it at this time. Is there no
       | movement to make this illegal at all?
        
         | timwis wrote:
         | Indeed. It's frustrating that you can't really object to it, as
         | the company can just refuse to do business with you, and there
         | aren't viable alternatives who won't do the same thing. Thus we
         | have very unilateral contracts where the companies have all the
         | power, and the consumers basically only have whatever consumer
         | protections their state laws provide.
        
       | gtirloni wrote:
       | _> a Fed-Ex'ed check in the mail._
       | 
       | It's mind-blowing to me how the US still relies heavily on these.
        
         | inetknght wrote:
         | I would rather have a check than give bank account info to some
         | corporation with questionable privacy practices and non-
         | existent security practices.
        
           | oblio wrote:
           | What can they do with just your bank account number?
        
             | Karunamon wrote:
             | An account and routing number is all you need to make ACH
             | deposits _and_ withdrawls.
        
             | altairprime wrote:
             | ACH withdrawals of your money, since they have your name
             | and account number and can readily surmise it's a
             | type:Checking account.
        
             | jimmydorry wrote:
             | Bank account number, name and address can be enough to
             | setup a direct debit or initiate a withdrawl (in specific
             | circumstances). Keep in mind that you are less worried
             | about the company itself being evil, than the possibiliy of
             | this data leaking and being seen by a less scrupolous
             | entity.
        
               | guerrilla wrote:
               | > Bank account number, name and address can be enough to
               | setup a direct debit or initiate a withdrawl (in specific
               | circumstances).
               | 
               | That seems like your main problem. Fix that. That's
               | insane and not possible here.
        
       | maccard wrote:
       | > In the end of my response, I counter-offered 80% plus
       | arbitration filing fee reimbursement. The next day, they
       | responded back with an acceptance and sent over a release form.
       | Case pretty much closed.
       | 
       | This is so depressing - it cost him $200 to get to the point of
       | arbitration in the first place (lucky for him that he had $200 to
       | file it in the first place), _and_ he didn't even get the total
       | amount back, he get less than $1500 rather than the $200 he
       | likely should have got.
       | 
       | For anyone who claims "just take them to court" or "just sue them
       | for breach of contract" - this is what you're looking at, getting
       | back 75% of what you expected after paying for their complaints
       | procedure.
        
         | tallanvor wrote:
         | He asked for $1800 and accepted 80% plus the $200 filing fee,
         | so he got back $1640, so it cost him around $360. --I'm
         | guessing his deductible would have been in the $100-200 range,
         | so, yeah, he ate $160-260 rather than spend the time going
         | through arbitration, but it's perfectly fair for him to
         | consider the cost of his time in determining whether or not it
         | made sense to continue fighting.
         | 
         | In the end he still comes out ahead since it looks like a
         | normal sized electric water heater runs around $500 plus the
         | cost of installation and repairing any damage from the leaks.
        
         | tomcam wrote:
         | Judging from the article negotiating was fast, indicating that
         | OP probably could have concluded on more advantageous terms. I
         | enjoy these negotiations but OP's process was swift and
         | relatively painless. Probably a more economical use of time.
        
           | maccard wrote:
           | I disagree. FTA:
           | 
           | > After about five calls of runarounds, I realized that
           | customer service channels would not help me and I had use the
           | legal system.
           | 
           | > I filed a case online for $200 > Two days later, I received
           | a response <..> I respectfully declined. > A day later, I
           | requested a 3rd party pre-auth to find an outside plumber. >
           | I counter-offered 80% plus arbitration filing fee
           | reimbursement. The next day
           | 
           | By my count, he called them 5 times, threatened (and followed
           | up with) legal action, and took 4 rounds of negotiation all
           | to receive less than he was entitled too.
           | 
           | Also, I don't blame OP at all here - they did a fantastic job
           | of handling the situation they were in, but it's a shitty
           | system that allows them to be caught like that in the first
           | place.
        
             | tomcam wrote:
             | I like your perspective. However, I have to make about that
             | many calls every week just to deal with messed up bank
             | balances, errors in credit card bills, etc. I spend well
             | over an hour a week on stuff that in the late 80s and early
             | 90s could have been taken care of with a single phone call
             | to the institution involved. (I have several residences and
             | small businesses so YMMV.)
        
             | cycomanic wrote:
             | As the lawyer above said, they could have hired a lawyer to
             | do the work for him and the company would have had to pay
             | the lawyer. Alternatively they likely could have claimed
             | for their time based on their hourly rate, also they should
             | likely have claimed for the inconvenience of being without
             | water for several days. I think they really went to light
             | on the claims and that's likely also why the settlement was
             | so quick.
        
         | Nextgrid wrote:
         | On the other hand, that was purely due to his counter-offer
         | being 80%.
         | 
         | Given the amounts we're talking, there's basically no
         | difference between $1500 and $2000 for a big company - the
         | entire process already cost them as much, and continuing said
         | process would keep costing them more especially as it's a
         | clear-cut case of breach of contract they are unlikely to win
         | regardless of how much time they spend on it.
         | 
         | If they didn't believe he had any ground to stand on, they
         | would've declined immediately regardless of how low his
         | counter-offer was. Given that they accepted it immediately,
         | they knew they were in the wrong and would've accepted a
         | repayment of the full amount just as well.
        
           | thathndude wrote:
           | AAA arbitration costs a company about $3,000 (and the costs
           | of an attorney they hire). Some may/will pay nuisance
           | settlements if it's the economically rational play--even if
           | they think the claim is bogus. Although, to be clear, this
           | claim sounded very very legit. (Candidly, I would have pushed
           | for a much higher settlement. But don't blame OP for not
           | wanting the headache).
           | 
           | There's some interesting arbitrage opportunities in this
           | space. I have the legal (and arbitration) experience. I've
           | been noodling on how to marry it up with a tech-minded
           | individual to capitalize on these opportunities.
        
             | mgw wrote:
             | Sounds like an interesting opportunity. Some ideas
             | immediately come to mind. I'm a previous founder and
             | CTO/CEO. Feel free to reach out if you're interested to
             | discuss. You can find my email in my profile.
        
       | tomcam wrote:
       | Damn, that was helpful and encouraging. Pound for pound the best
       | value of any article I have read on HN.
        
       | puffoflogic wrote:
       | This doesn't look like a win to me. When insurance companies (and
       | equivalent products) pay a claim through legal action, even if it
       | were 100% of the claim, they have won. That was all they were
       | ever obliged to do and they got to put it through a filter first,
       | where they benefit from filtering even a small fraction of claims
       | (and in reality it's a large fraction). Sound legal principles
       | demand double or treble damages for every litigated insurance
       | claim to prevent this hazard.
        
       | SkeuomorphicBee wrote:
       | > It went pretty well.
       | 
       | ...
       | 
       | > [...] I counter-offered 80% plus arbitration filing fee
       | reimbursement. The next day, they responded back with an
       | acceptance and sent over a release form. Case pretty much closed.
       | I didn't get 100% back, [...]
       | 
       | So author had to jump through hoops and in the end only got a
       | percentage of what was owed. The text is written in the format of
       | a feel-good success story, but the result is the oposite. What is
       | described is a broken system, if the only punishment for the
       | crime is to do what they should have done in the first place then
       | there is no incentive for companies to do the right thing to
       | begin with. Customer protection laws absolutely need a clause for
       | double the reimbursement and I'm shocked that this person's
       | country (I'm assuming it is the USA) doesn't have it. Without
       | such a clause it is best for the company to just deny ALL claims
       | and profit out of the people too lazy to go through arbitration.
        
         | snapetom wrote:
         | Author here. As the arbitration attorney said earlier, "They
         | don't make money by paying out claims!" No insurance company or
         | home warranty company exists to pay out claims. I laugh when I
         | hear them claim that their business is to diversify risk.
         | 
         | Any sort of out clause that the have to not pay a claim, they
         | will try to use. In this case, it was "you didn't get a
         | preauth." This makes it by no means a binary, black/white issue
         | contrary to what a stereotypical HNer believes.
         | 
         | As far as a national consumer protection law that doubles
         | reimbursement, good luck. I'm shocked that foreigners are
         | shocked when they hear that the US actually has very few
         | national laws. The country is big, diverse, and the regional
         | histories that bought the states together, and grew, is too
         | varied. The system is set up so that the states handle most
         | legal issues. I for one am fine with that.
        
           | TwoNineFive wrote:
           | I think you proved SkeuomorphicBee's point. You are oblivious
           | to the fact that you got f-ed over. You are talking past the
           | argument thinking people won't notice that your feel good
           | blog post is about how you think you won, but actually got
           | screwed and are oh-so happy about it.
           | 
           | Bizarre.
        
         | listless wrote:
         | I didn't get that at all. Author takes on company legally, and
         | with little effort wins most of what they are after (~10%
         | difference).
         | 
         | I had a situation almost identical to this where I had an AC
         | that gave out and after a month with the warranty company, I
         | just fixed it myself. Because it was July. In the southern
         | United States. I didn't even know about arbitration. I just
         | assumed the black whole of rotating customer service agents and
         | canned answers is the end of the line.
        
           | danuker wrote:
           | > ~10% difference
           | 
           | In addition, there was the author's time without hot water,
           | time spent on customer service, time spent figuring out how
           | to file an AA case, and stress.
        
           | peeters wrote:
           | > I didn't get that at all. Author takes on company legally,
           | and with little effort wins most of what they are after (~10%
           | difference).
           | 
           | Paying 20% of what is not your responsibility to pay is still
           | losing. It's just losing less.
        
         | shmageggy wrote:
         | This was my takeaway as well. So in order to not get screwed
         | everytime I do business with any corporation (i.e. virtually
         | constantly in the modern world), I have to go scrutinize
         | contracts, meticulously log phone calls, initiate and follow up
         | on arbitration procedures, etc, and still lose money in the
         | process? How is that a win? Who has time for all of that? It's
         | so ridiculously one-sided, yet we're so conditioned to it that
         | we think we're doing alright when we're just getting screwed.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _in order to not get screwed everytime I do business with
           | any corporation_
           | 
           | This has nothing to do with corporations. If you decided to
           | only do business with natural persons you'd have the same
           | burden of proof.
        
             | b3morales wrote:
             | Sure, but there's still a crucial difference: the one other
             | natural person has the same order of magnitude of resources
             | to spend on the issue as you, instead of a multiple.
        
               | Beltalowda wrote:
               | Plus a person might apply common sense and human
               | judgement from the first contact instead of following
               | procedure with no power to deviate from it even if it
               | makes absolutely no sense at all.
        
           | vorpalhex wrote:
           | You should read contracts and, if things go wrong, keep
           | contact logs.
        
       | TrackerFF wrote:
       | In my experience, lots of companies have more or less automatic
       | denial on requests. This is to filter out those that simply give
       | up on step 1. Then the same companies will, like OP points out,
       | offer some % in reimbursement / whatever to those that bother to
       | appeal the initial denial. It's a disgusting practice, IMO - but
       | what can you do?
       | 
       | A bit OT:
       | 
       | But ESPECIALLY the rental market - professional or private - is
       | horrible on this. Before purchasing my home, I had rented 7
       | different apartments over the years.
       | 
       | No mater how thorough I'd be on washing out apartment, or how
       | careful I'd be with it, they would _always_ find something - and
       | claim deductions on the deposit.
       | 
       | This worked for the first apartment I rented - after that I got
       | wiser, and took pictures of everything before actually moving in.
       | Better yet, with the landlord or representative as witness.
       | Document everything. I even recorded the phone conversation -
       | informing that the conversation would be recorded, and if that
       | was a problem, we'd take everything in writing.
       | 
       | This saved me lots of deposits. Like clockwork, I'd be informed
       | that they found something - sending evidence. I'd reply back with
       | my evidence, and suddenly everything's OK.
        
         | rr808 wrote:
         | In Australia and other countries rental deposits are held by a
         | government office, at the end of the lease if the landlord
         | wants to keep some for damages they have to prove that there is
         | a problem. I think the office lives off the interest earned.
         | Works great.
        
         | marssaxman wrote:
         | > It's a disgusting practice, IMO - but what can you do?
         | 
         | Rate the expected value of all insurance services at $0, that's
         | my approach. (I guess you could call that giving up on step
         | zero!) Why bother doing business with people whose profit model
         | consists of taking your money now so they can decline to return
         | it later? The better they are at their jobs, the worse a deal
         | it is for you.
        
           | noelsusman wrote:
           | The expected value of purchasing insurance is always less
           | than $0. You're paying to eliminate a risk and smooth out
           | your cash flow.
        
           | mdavis6890 wrote:
           | Of COURSE insurance has a negative expectation (not $0) in
           | absolute terms - but this doesn't make it a bad idea! We
           | don't live on expected value - we live on actual, highly
           | variable outcomes. I'm happy to lose expected value to offset
           | catastrophic losses for small-probability events, like early
           | death, car accidents and fires.
           | 
           | I will continue happily paying my insurance premiums, and
           | ardently hope that I never get any of that money back.
           | 
           | Of course, there may be specific types of insurance/warrantee
           | programs that are a bad idea for one reason or another, but
           | that's not an argument against insurance in general.
        
         | e40 wrote:
         | _> This is to filter out those that simply give up on step 1._
         | 
         | A lot of people must give up here. I had a car totaled by a
         | hit-and-run driver and the insurance company wanted me to
         | settle for $10k less than the car was clearly worth. (I had
         | lots of proof of this.) It took a month of me telling the
         | adjuster "I'm not settling" before I got that $10k. It was the
         | most infuriating customer-company relationship encounter I had
         | ever had. I felt like the person was intentionally
         | misunderstanding me and making false statements. I tried to get
         | to their manager a few times, but they wouldn't. It was clear
         | that the person's manager was in complete agreement with the
         | course this situation was taking.
        
           | FireBeyond wrote:
           | Yup. When my car was totalled I had a number in mind (high
           | 20s). And got a much lower number. For the record, this was
           | like a 3 year old Audi A4, fully loaded.
           | 
           | So I asked to see comps. Sure enough, all but one of the
           | comps was in that ballpark, from about 3-4 under, to nearly
           | 30.
           | 
           | Except one. Which was about 140 miles away, and listed for
           | $11,500. Clearly a salvage or rebuild or something (water
           | damage, whatever, obviously not accurate). Dragging the
           | average down like a boat anchor.
           | 
           | "The ad doesn't say Salvage Title so it's a valid comp."
           | 
           | They just kept repeating that like a broken record.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _what can you do?_
         | 
         | What the author did. Take them to arbitration.
         | 
         | If you were an idiot and opted out of arbitration you'll need
         | to spend a lot of money going through the courts. If you
         | didn't, you may be able to get representation on a contingency
         | basis.
        
         | matsemann wrote:
         | > _In my experience, lots of companies have more or less
         | automatic denial on requests._
         | 
         | Remember I read that in a novel as a teenager, and since then
         | I've always complained if I get rejected. Almost always work,
         | as they then finally actually look at your situation. And if it
         | doesn't work, I keep going until they realize making me whole
         | will be less costly than the time I make them spend.
         | 
         | Had to look it up, the novel was "The Rainmaker" by John
         | Grisham.
        
         | jedberg wrote:
         | > after that I got wiser, and took pictures of everything
         | before actually moving in. Better yet, with the landlord or
         | representative as witness.
         | 
         | I manage a property in a college town. Most of my tenants are
         | first time renters just moving out of the dorms, so they've
         | never learned these hard lessons before. I try to help them out
         | by telling them about how they can get screwed on deposits, and
         | tell them to take pictures of any damage they find and print it
         | out so I can sign it.
         | 
         | I just hope they take that lesson with them after they leave my
         | place.
         | 
         | Also I remind them that they have a right to a walk through at
         | the end of the lease and never charge an item on a deposit that
         | I haven't discussed with them first. I always give them a
         | chance to fix it first. Usually they just say "bill me"
         | (probably because it's their parents money) but sometimes they
         | will fix it or they will help me fix it. It's a lot more work
         | on my part, but on the flip side I'll have tenants messaging me
         | a decade later thanking me for being honest and kind. So I
         | guess it's all worth it.
        
         | DANK_YACHT wrote:
         | A little known fact is that rental assets depreciate in the
         | eyes of the government. This is why you can deduct depreciation
         | from rental property on tax returns. The corollary to this is
         | that damage to those assets happen against the depreciated
         | value. For instance, if there is a bathtub in the unit and it
         | hasn't been replaced in many years, then the effective value of
         | that tub is 0. It doesn't matter if you actually damaged it or
         | not, the landlord cannot come after you for the full cost of a
         | new tub.
        
         | FireBeyond wrote:
         | > No mater how thorough I'd be on washing out apartment, or how
         | careful I'd be with it, they would always find something - and
         | claim deductions on the deposit.
         | 
         | I sat in a PMs office in a high rise I was moving out, waiting
         | for them to take care of something.
         | 
         | I noticed my move-out inspection report (which we were ABOUT to
         | do), oddly already filled, some. "Blinds - dirty, needed
         | cleaning", "Carpet - stains not removed, needed cleaning",
         | about half a dozen items which according to their "costs
         | incurred" ate up most of my deposit. Oddly, since I knew they
         | hadn't been in the apartment recently, even without my consent,
         | because I'd been packing and cleaning. I'd even brought with me
         | receipts for the carpet cleaning etc.
         | 
         | PM comes in, grabs some papers and a clipboard from her desk,
         | including the form. "Let's go get started".
         | 
         | "Oh, while I was waiting, I apologize, my eyes must have caught
         | that some of the paperwork on your desk was for us, so I looked
         | over at it, and saw it was already filled out for the
         | inspection?"
         | 
         | Umm, ahh, stammer, stammer. "Oh, how strange. I must have, uhh,
         | photocopied a previous form without realizing it wasn't empty."
         | 
         | Didn't make any sense on any level, but whatever. We started
         | with a new form, and I made sure that none of that BS made its
         | way back on.
        
       | patwolf wrote:
       | A home warranty was included with a home I purchased back when it
       | was a buyers market. I did end up using it to replace an entire
       | AC unit. Fortunately the process was surprisingly smooth. They
       | required me to pay a few fees out of pocket, including a
       | refrigerant disposal fee, which was funny because all the
       | refrigerant had already leaked out. I tried to argue with them
       | about that but gave up because it was a small price to pay for a
       | new AC.
       | 
       | Even though I had a good experience, I think it's better to save
       | up an emergency fund for home repairs rather than rely on a
       | warranty.
        
       | reledi wrote:
       | Is there a term for these denial of service tactics that many
       | organisations employ?
       | 
       | E.g. not having the authority, being the wrong person and sending
       | you in another direction, putting the onus on you to move things
       | forward, not responding to emails and calls, ignoring questions
       | and selectively answering, not making contact details or policies
       | available, and so on.
        
         | lolpython wrote:
         | The terms that come to mind are stonewalling and kafkaesque.
        
       | not2b wrote:
       | The "don't get a home warranty" advice doesn't always apply. When
       | buying a house that you know has issues, a warranty that covers
       | issues found in the first year almost always pays for itself, it
       | has the last two times we bought a house. I wouldn't get a
       | longer-term deal though.
        
       | michaelcampbell wrote:
       | FWIW, we've had a home warrantee for... 17 years, and it has been
       | a positive ROI every year. We're dropping it now because the
       | service has gone to shit being no longer maintained in my country
       | and all they do is read scripts to you.
        
       | bgribble wrote:
       | > Remember, I purposely withheld detail and evidence in my
       | filing, and yet I was offered a quick settlement. I would love to
       | see the math that goes into this strategy.
       | 
       | I've never done arbitration, but I did pursue legal action
       | against a contractor that defrauded me and I think the logic is
       | basically the same.
       | 
       | Lawyers are constantly evaluating the cost (to their client) of
       | further pursuing a claim vs the likelihood of succeeding. They
       | know how much it will cost in time if it goes all the way to
       | litigation/arbitration, and they have a fair idea what the
       | outcome will be, but it's uncertain. They are always going to try
       | to settle long before the end-game unless they are trying to make
       | a point and it's worth wasting a bunch of money on.
       | 
       | In my case, my lawyer was very convinced that they were likely to
       | settle for an amount basically up to about 75% of the amount it
       | would cost to litigate. My claim was solid (he DID defraud me)
       | but there was some possibility that a trial would find otherwise,
       | so it was better for them to settle up to the point that it
       | became worthwhile to roll the dice.
       | 
       | The emails between their lawyer and mine were about details of
       | the dispute, not about the financial calculation I outline above,
       | but that was just window dressing; the real decisions were made
       | based on how much it would cost to litigate vs how much they
       | would pay to settle.
       | 
       | The only place the facts of the fraud even came into it were as
       | part of the calculation of how likely we were to prevail in
       | court, but it was not at all precise; more like "given the facts,
       | we are pretty likely to win but not certain".
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _I did pursue legal action against a contractor that
         | defrauded me and I think the logic is basically the same_
         | 
         | For two infinitely-wealthy and virtually-sovereign parties,
         | yes. The big difference is in litigation you can bleed your
         | opponent dry, _e.g._ by piling on jurisdictions and deploying
         | delay tactics. Thus, in addition to predicting outcomes, you
         | 're also judging the point at which the other party (a) runs
         | out of money or (b) gets fired.
         | 
         | In arbitration, this doesn't work. It's a vastly more even
         | playing field for consumers, who tend to have less money than
         | the companies they're suing and less downside in the case
         | outcome (money damages versus _e.g._ having been sexually
         | harassed).
         | 
         | > _emails between their lawyer and mine were about details of
         | the dispute, not about the financial calculation I outline
         | above, but that was just window dressing; the real decisions
         | were made based on how much it would cost to litigate vs how
         | much they would pay to settle_
         | 
         | Your lawyer wasn't communicating window dressing. Case details
         | resolve to litigation outcomes.
        
           | jsjohns2 wrote:
           | > In arbitration, this doesn't work. It's a vastly more even
           | playing field for consumers, who tend to have less money than
           | the companies they're suing and less downside in the case
           | outcome (money damages versus e.g. having been sexually
           | harassed).
           | 
           | I dunno, not my personal experience. I took a large bank to
           | arbitration over a low value credit reporting dispute.
           | Offered to "settle" several times for nothing more than a fix
           | to my credit report, which would have cost the bank $0.
           | 
           | The bank refused and so we went all the way to a final
           | judgement.
           | 
           | The arbitration dragged out over 16 months. 4 days of
           | hearings in which multiple attorneys and witnesses were
           | present on the bank's side. Numerous conference calls, 800
           | emails, 250 pages of legal briefs, 1000+ pages of exhibits,
           | discovery, etc. I would not be surprised if the total outlay
           | eclipsed half a million for them.
        
       | Aeolun wrote:
       | What I think is most surprising in this whole thing is that the
       | company had a clause somewhere in the contract that _they_ could
       | break at all.
       | 
       | Normally these things are written so that it's impossible for the
       | company to do anything wrong (at least all the ones I've ever
       | read).
        
         | bbarnett wrote:
         | We should also bear in mind, outside of what you're saying, the
         | flip side.
         | 
         | I have seen so many contracts with unenforceable clauses, made
         | up gibberish, illegal demands. Then a fancy pants "if any part
         | of this contract is unenforceable, the rest shall remain in
         | effect" or some such.
         | 
         | Two things here.
         | 
         | First is? While I have seen courts toss the whole contract
         | regardless, mostly because key invalidated clauses unbalanced
         | the contract, I'd like to see this legislatively made illegal.
         | Why?
         | 
         | Because second thing is, I've seen companies write contracts
         | knowing some clauses are unenforcable, but putting them there
         | to scare, to intimidate.
         | 
         | Literally, it is an attempt to play "their game". Especially
         | with ridiculous terms of service, eg, not a real contract in
         | most parts of the world.
         | 
         | So don't play their game. Don't presume the contract is valid,
         | or legal, especially when the balance of power is unequal.
        
           | maccard wrote:
           | > Because second thing is, I've seen companies write
           | contracts knowing some clauses are unenforcable, but putting
           | them there to scare, to intimidate.
           | 
           | "It is better that ten guilty persons escape than that one
           | innocent suffer". We should _definitely_ err on the side of
           | leniency on this. If my employment contract isn't watertight
           | because of a law change, or a discrepency in an unrelated
           | clause, should my employer be able to renege on my pay
           | because the contract is invalid?
        
             | bbarnett wrote:
             | This is why we have courts, and why a contract is never
             | examined in isolation.
             | 
             | An example, intent. If there is a 20 email long chain,
             | discussing a clause in a contract, that counts too. What
             | was the intent of both parties?
             | 
             | And don't let clauses such as "this contract is in whole
             | the agreement between all parties" deter, because courts
             | don't care when establishing intent.
             | 
             | So, what was the intent of the contract? Was an offer
             | proffered, then follow by contract? What was the intent of
             | the offer?
             | 
             | Courts look at invalidated clauses, and then attempt to
             | rebalance the contract.
             | 
             | These clauses are just scare tactics, and have been
             | happening since Rome, where most of our laws originate...
             | 
             | I have seen so many lawyers argue "might as well put it in,
             | can't hurt!".
             | 
             | Sometimes the best contract is a one liner scribbled on a
             | napkin. All this excess is counter to the public good.
        
               | inetknght wrote:
               | > _If there is a 20 email long chain, discussing a clause
               | in a contract, that counts too. What was the intent of
               | both parties?_
               | 
               | What if the contract includes a statement: "this
               | agreement consititute the entire agreement between the
               | parties and supersedes, merges, and replaces all prior
               | oral or written agreements, negotiations, offers,
               | representations, etc. with respect to the subject matter.
               | No course of dealing between the parties, no usage of
               | trade, or outside evidence of any nature shall be used to
               | modify, interpret, or supplement blah blahb lahblhbjajk"
               | 
               | Yeah that 20 email chain? The contract specifically says
               | it can't be included in the agreement. Bringing that up
               | was a fun conversation when negotiating the contract...
        
               | bbarnett wrote:
               | 1) What contracts say, and what is allowed are not the
               | same thing.
               | 
               | 2) Context counts.
               | 
               | Contracts are interpreted documents. What both parties
               | meant in clause 1.3.1, must be interpreted, to be
               | enforced by a court.
               | 
               | A 20 long email chain provides context. What did the
               | parties really mean, when they signed?
        
               | maccard wrote:
               | > This is why we have courts, and why a contract is never
               | examined in isolation.
               | 
               | So are you suggesting that when considering the validity
               | of a contract, externalities should be considered (e.g.
               | the 20 email chain), but the actual document that was
               | signed should not be considered?
        
               | bbarnett wrote:
               | I suggested no such thing.
               | 
               | What I effectively did say, is that contracts exist in
               | context. That context counts.
               | 
               | See my other reply.
        
           | Aeolun wrote:
           | > So don't play their game. Don't presume the contract is
           | valid, or legal, especially when the balance of power is
           | unequal.
           | 
           | I don't presume this at all, but saying 'this clause is
           | unenforceable because x, y and z' is much more work than
           | saying, 'look, your own contract says you failed to uphold
           | your end of the deal'.
           | 
           | Mostly because you likely have to search through tons of laws
           | to find x, y and z. As convoluted as contract language is, a
           | whole legal handbook is much more so.
        
             | bbarnett wrote:
             | _a whole legal handbook is much more so._
             | 
             | Yes, and sadly decluttering and simplifying law isn't
             | trivial, or perhaps even doable.
        
       | irrational wrote:
       | > 4) Don't get a home warranty.
       | 
       | But, what about an extended car warranty?
        
       | jwmoz wrote:
       | What is the UK equivalent of this?
       | 
       | Last year a phone company wrongfully added a credit to my account
       | for 900gbp which I noticed had been there for a while, claiming I
       | owed for a phone. It was actually an identity fraud issue. I had
       | forgotten when it had happened and never checked my credit
       | scores, but then during the year needed credit and was getting
       | declined so noticed on checking.
       | 
       | I contacted them and they flat out refused to remove it
       | essentially implying I was lying. It happened with multiple phone
       | companies at the time and I contacted them back then and they
       | removed it apart from Three. I even contacted Vodafone for my
       | records and they refused to help.
       | 
       | I escalated it multiple avenues such as credit agencies and
       | ombudsman and none could help so ultimately was stuck with this
       | charge. I contacted Three, the managers and CEO and was ignored.
       | 
       | So I had no other options (perhaps legal route which I know
       | nothing about) and had to let the credit on the account close
       | after 6 years.
       | 
       | The time spent on it and frustration was awful.
        
         | ddeck wrote:
         | I mentioned the CEDR (Centre for Effective Dispute Resolution)
         | elsewhere on this thread. I believe they are UK based and the
         | company in question needs to be covered, but a quick glance
         | shows Sky, Vodafone, Virgin etc. listed.
         | 
         | Disclaimer: I have no experience with/knowledge of them aside
         | from my one experience.
         | 
         | https://www.cedr.com/consumer/cisas/
        
       | andjd wrote:
       | So, since the author was only asking for a few thousand dollars,
       | it's probably not worth the company fighting it -- it's just a
       | matter of them quickly finding out how much money they have to
       | give you to make you go away. The exact series of events would
       | probably have occurred if he had filed in small claims court.
       | Even though the company could likely win a motion to compel
       | arbitration, it's not worth it to them.
       | 
       | Arbitration may be cheaper and more informal than the courts, but
       | that doesn't mean that defending against this type of claim
       | economical. On the whole, courts aren't that expensive, it's the
       | cost of lawyers and their time where the costs pile up. Small-
       | claims courts also often have simpler and more streamlined
       | procedures just like arbitration does. And the Judge's salary is
       | footed by the taxpayer.
       | 
       | The author's conclusion is that arbitration isn't all that bad
       | because it worked out OK for him this time. But this ignores how
       | arbitration puts the thumb on the scale in favor of the company
       | when real money is on the table. Just to name a few: *
       | Arbitration usually requires secrecy regardless of the outcome.
       | This guarantees that the company will not face a repetitional hit
       | even if they lose, and it also means that your case has no
       | precedental value for others who were similarly wronged. * The
       | process often places strict limitations on discovery, which can
       | make it impossible for a prove your case. * The agreements
       | usually prohibit class-actions, which prevents redress for
       | widespread but low value abuses.
       | 
       | Sometimes, the less-formal nature of arbitration can be a good
       | thing. But if it's truly balanced and better for both parties, it
       | should be something that can be opted into after the dispute
       | arises. The fact that there have been so many high-profile
       | disputes about arbitration that have been taken to the Supreme
       | Court is pretty solid evidence that companies see the ability to
       | compel their customers into arbitration as exceptionally
       | important to their bottom line.
        
       | b3morales wrote:
       | > I also pointed out there was no out-clause in the contract for
       | computer system failures
       | 
       | A good catch. I expect this oversight from the company's point of
       | view has been remedied in the contract for new customers, going
       | forward.
        
       | CPLX wrote:
       | By the way it's basically never true that you _have_ to start
       | with arbitration. You can pretty much always just sue them in a
       | regular local court. As a general rule courts are general
       | jurisdiction venues that can hear all controversies.
       | 
       | Then _they_ would have to affirmatively file a "motion to compel
       | arbitration" in which they appear in court and argue that the
       | contract mandates it.
       | 
       | Typically they'd win that motion but then you'd just start
       | arbitration. Since that requires them to show up with a lawyer by
       | that point you'd probably be able to just negotiate then. And if
       | they fail to ask for arbitration in a timely way the case may
       | proceed.
        
         | thathndude wrote:
         | In this case, OP almost definitely could have sued In court,
         | and the company couldn't stop them.
         | 
         | AAA arbitration has a rule that says if your claim can be filed
         | in small claims court (typically 5k or less) then you can force
         | the company into small claims court, and they can't force you
         | to arbitrate.
        
           | projektfu wrote:
           | That's really good to know. It's certainly not made clear by
           | the mandatory arbitration language.
        
         | gambiting wrote:
         | Filing an actual case might be more work and not even that much
         | cheaper. If the arbitration process is $200 and easy to file
         | online, then that sounds preferable.
        
       | bmurray7jhu wrote:
       | For consumer arbitration, always try to choose JAMS instead of
       | AAA. JAMS arbitrators tend to charge much more than AAA
       | arbitrators. Many JAMS arbitrators have judicial experience, some
       | even on the federal bench.
       | 
       | In my case, all of the arbitrators proposed by JAMS would have
       | charged over $1000 per hour to resolve my case. Per the contract,
       | all arbitration costs would have been borne by the defendant, so
       | the company was eager to settle and avoid a huge arbitration
       | bill.
        
         | thathndude wrote:
         | This guy arbitrates.
         | 
         | I've done something like 500+ consumer arbitrations in the last
         | 5 years. JAMS tends to result in better outcomes for the
         | consumers.
         | 
         | There's all sorts of reasons for this. If nothing else, JAMS
         | arbitrators tend to be retired judges with experience in the
         | adjudication role.
         | 
         | More often than not, AAA arbitrators are just attorneys with
         | 10+ years of experience. And, well, let's just say 10 years of
         | experience as an attorney does not automatically make a person
         | competent.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | "And, well, let's just say 10 years of experience as an
           | attorney does not automatically make a person competent."
           | 
           | Everybody knows that what makes an attorney competent is
           | their social media presence!
        
             | thathndude wrote:
             | Better Call Saul!
        
       | sylware wrote:
       | I am not in the same country, but indeed, I have to go legal to
       | enforce noscript/basic (x)html for the online services of my
       | administration.
       | 
       | In my case, asking nicely, like in this case, was a huge fail.
        
       | ncmncm wrote:
       | Their gross negligence and subsequent stonewalling should have
       | earned them a penalty, not a 20% bonus.
        
       | tiahura wrote:
       | As an attorney, I hope everyone reads this. Contrary to
       | prevailing sentiment, arbitration is not de facto justice denied.
       | In my experience, if you have a weak case, arbitration often
       | results in a better outcome than a jury trial. Juries can be
       | quite skeptical and judgmental. Arbitrators tend to be split-the-
       | baby oriented.
        
         | thathndude wrote:
         | Attorney as well, and agreed.
         | 
         | To be sure, it's not the rainbows and butterflies solution that
         | the businesses would like you to believe it is. But it's also
         | not the insane, unending trampling of rights that anti-
         | arbitration folks claim it is.
        
       | jccalhoun wrote:
       | >hot water heater
       | 
       | Why is the author heating hot water? (sorry. That's a pet peeve
       | my dad drove into my head)
        
         | greenshackle2 wrote:
         | What would you call it then? Water heater is ambiguous. Could
         | be a pool heater, a central heat heater, etc. It's perfectly
         | clear what they mean.
        
           | mig39 wrote:
           | "Boiler"
        
         | Kerrick wrote:
         | To keep it hot. If you don't heat your hot water, it becomes
         | room temperature water.
        
       | thathndude wrote:
       | Arbitration consumer protection attorney here! Nice work, and
       | nice write up.
       | 
       | If nothing else, I hope folks will run with your first point. Far
       | too many people are scared of arbitration, and it can be a really
       | powerful tool for situations like this. It's fairly accessible
       | and straightforward, especially for folks in the HN crowd.
       | 
       | One pointer for other folks in the future is to make sure you
       | look into your state's specific consumer protection law.
       | (Sometimes called UDAP law or deceptive practices act.) Often
       | times, these laws will allow you to recover more than just your
       | out of pocket damages to punish companies that are deceptive.
       | 
       | One other way to "enlarge the pie" in situations like this is to
       | hire an attorney. I know, it sounds like I'm shilling for my
       | peers, but hear me out. This same UDAP consumer protection laws
       | let you recover attorneys' fees as part of a judgment/win. If
       | you're not an attorney, you simply can't seek those.
       | 
       | So let's say your claim is $2,000. Under those laws, maybe you
       | can "treble" (triple) your damages if you win. So now your best
       | day is $6,000. And the company knows it.
       | 
       | But if that same law says you can get attorneys' fees too, the
       | company knows that they could be facing a 50k+ judgment at the
       | end (almost entirely comprising attorneys' fees), and then that
       | often incentivizes earlier, higher settlements. My involvement in
       | cases, and the threat of attorneys' fees often results in higher
       | settlements than my client would get on their "best day," and
       | even after paying out my portion. (I typically do these on
       | contingency -- I don't get paid unless you get paid).
       | 
       | Lastly, let's just say I've done an arbitration or two with a
       | home warranty company. They don't make money by paying out
       | claims!
        
         | dahart wrote:
         | > One other way to "enlarge the pie" in situations like this is
         | to hire an attorney.
         | 
         | Your comments here are incredibly enlightening, thank you for
         | sharing! Can you speak to how to find a good attorney for this
         | kind of thing, or really for any legal needs? Like where to go
         | to find people willing to do arbitration and maybe how to
         | determine if they're good. I've hired a lawyer in the past for
         | some employment contract work, and it was worth every penny,
         | but found out it was rather difficult to find someone who could
         | help. I had to cold call a lot of people who weren't interested
         | or said they weren't qualified. It felt like the lawyers or
         | firms I spoke to were mostly looking for a longer term
         | relationship.
        
           | thathndude wrote:
           | Happy to be of help.
           | 
           | It's very challenging finding a lawyer in a lot of these
           | consumer protection spaces, because, for a whole host of
           | reasons, there's not a lot of money here.
           | 
           | Having said that, one piece of advice I always like to give
           | when looking for any professional is to use your network. If
           | you have people in your network you trust, use them as a
           | starting point. So, for example, I don't do criminal law.
           | But, as a lawyer, I know lots of criminal lawyers (insert
           | joke), and I also have a well-tuned BS detector when talking
           | with other lawyers. So even though I can't help you, you'd be
           | smart to reach out to me because I can help you find the
           | right person much more effectively. And if I can't, then I
           | reach out to a criminal law attorney I know, link you up, and
           | let that person make a recommendation.
           | 
           | In short, use your network to leverage experience and
           | knowledge to zero in on a good attorney. It will probably
           | take a few degrees of connection, but if the chain is solid,
           | you should get a good end result.
           | 
           | For example, I recently had a client who needed a criminal
           | law attorney in a state where I don't practice. So you have
           | two issues: one, I don't know that legal community, and two,
           | I don't do criminal law. But, I reached out in my network to
           | a prosecutor in New York. Now this prosecutor can't represent
           | my client, but now I have a criminal law attorney in the
           | right state, and so his network is going to help. My buddy
           | (lawyer 2) reaches out to his network, and one of his trusted
           | contacts says "call lawyer 3)." My buddy (lawyer 2) doesn't
           | know lawyer 3, but he trusts his network and the referrer.
           | Long story short, my client ends up represented by lawyer 3,
           | and well taken care of.
        
         | oneoff786 wrote:
         | Do you not feel it's a problem to be charging 48k to litigate a
         | 2k issue regardless of the chance to recoup it?
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Do you not feel it's a problem to be charging $50k for a
           | piece of software on a $.20 medium?
        
             | IncRnd wrote:
             | That software didn't magically appear. The development had
             | a cost. The software itself has a value that purchasers
             | provide to the seller. You aren't paying for a medium with
             | some random bits.
        
               | icelancer wrote:
               | Huh. Sounds like the attorney's time, too.
        
               | IncRnd wrote:
               | Yep, very much so!
        
             | pmoriarty wrote:
             | Would the software itself be any more valuable if it was
             | engraved on solid gold?
             | 
             | No. It doesn't really matter what medium the software is
             | on. Its value is independent of that.
        
             | oneoff786 wrote:
             | I don't understand this question. What's a 20 cent medium?
        
               | abstractbeliefs wrote:
               | The CD the software is sold on. It's like the old "why
               | did I pay you $100 to turn a valve?"
               | 
               | You're not paying for the CD, the valve turning, etc,
               | you're paying off the time built for the expertise and
               | background engineering.
        
               | unsupp0rted wrote:
               | The $100 valve-turning story never quite worked for me
               | and I finally figured out why.
               | 
               | It's not that you're paying him $100 for the expertise to
               | know which valve to turn, it's that there's no one
               | standing next to him who could reliably for $50 or even
               | for $99 know which valve to turn.
               | 
               | You're not paying for his expertise so much as for the
               | scarcity of his expertise.
        
               | willcipriano wrote:
               | Also availability, he came running when you had a problem
               | because he stands to make $100, offer him $10 and maybe
               | he can pencil you in next month.
        
               | kofejnik wrote:
               | Yes, the guild of valve-turners ensures it
        
               | oneoff786 wrote:
               | Do people still write software for discs outside of
               | console games? I don't think this comeback is very clever
               | either way. Being paid $100 for a product worth $1000 in
               | total sales is pretty reasonable. Being paid $50k to
               | resolve a $2k seems to be a very unusual outcome. It just
               | raises the stakes of the case by 25x.
               | 
               | It seems very unreasonable that a losing party could need
               | to cover so much from their opponents end especially as
               | they get no say in the total stakes.
               | 
               | If it was you paying $50k to your lawyer regardless of
               | whether or not you won, sure, that's just your choice.
               | This is a $50k extra being thrown at your opponent and
               | there's no incentive to be reasonable about it because it
               | sounds like your own client doesn't get hit with it. Idk
               | if it applies in this context but if it goes both ways
               | then you've got a prisoners dilemma. Spending more on
               | lawyers increases the probability of winning, but also
               | increases the total pot of lawyer money. That's so fucked
               | up.
               | 
               | I would vote for you're liable for at mode the amount you
               | spent on lawyers personally. If they do 50k on a 2k issue
               | and you don't even get a lawyer, you may lose 2k but they
               | lose 50k. Incentives to escalate lawyer fees sounds
               | stupid as shit to society.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | > Being paid $50k to resolve a $2k seems to be a very
               | unusual outcome. It just raises the stakes of the case by
               | 25x.
               | 
               | You are paying for protection of consumer rights, not to
               | be lied to and not to be swindled. What are those rights
               | worth to you?
               | 
               | As a company you always have a chance to come to amicable
               | agreement with the customer before the lawyers got
               | involved. Every time you tell a customer to piss off you
               | take the risk that they might take you to court.
        
               | oneoff786 wrote:
               | As explained elsewhere, the fees are contingent. You're
               | not paying the 50k at all, unless something unexpected
               | happens, in which case you're suddenly paying 50k which
               | you were told wasn't going to be your problem.
               | 
               | But it's really bad that it's ok for lawyers to basically
               | encourage you to rack up contingent lawyer expenses. It's
               | just a toxic system.
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | So what's your solution so that large enough companies
               | that they have lawyers on retainer don't just ignore any
               | $10,000 or less liability, if you in fact think that a 5x
               | multiplier in lawyers fees is excessive?
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | You missed the contingency angle.
        
               | oneoff786 wrote:
               | Not in the post you're responding to. In some others,
               | yes.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | It's fairly standard for this kind of lawsuit. Precisely
               | because of what the GGP stated, it wouldn't make sense
               | otherwise.
        
               | supermatt wrote:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q6RK4479XD8 ?
        
               | cycomanic wrote:
               | I think he was referring to a USB stick. The point of the
               | question is that you pay for the work not for the single
               | piece of outcome.
        
           | thathndude wrote:
           | This is the way the justice system is set up. I don't really
           | dig into whether this is a systemic problem.
           | 
           | I'm not charging my client 48k. I'm recording my time spent
           | working the case. If I have to spend 100 hours working on a
           | case, and my hourly rate is $500 an hour, and we win, then
           | the attorneys' fee award should be $50,000, regardless of
           | whether the claim is $100 or $100,000.
           | 
           | This is an important component of civil rights litigation.
           | Often times does claims have small value (in terms of
           | damages). But we want to incentivize competent lawyering, and
           | so, if you prevail, you get an award of attorneys' fees.
           | 
           | The same is true in this context. If you don't have a
           | provision like that, then consumers are left without
           | recourse. As it is, there are very few lawyers who practice
           | in this area as is.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | sudden_dystopia wrote:
             | But those profits that you are generating are ultimately
             | passed onto the consumer. They just don't materialize out
             | of thin air on a companies balance sheet.
             | 
             | Just take a look at what is going on in Florida with
             | litigious , shady roofing contractors, they have nearly
             | collapsed the homeowners insurance market.
        
             | tristor wrote:
             | The flip side of this is that the sometimes the judge will
             | not award you attorney's fees even though it's a reasonable
             | ask. I've sued companies three times in my life, and only
             | one out of those three times was I awarded attorney's fees,
             | even though it was requested all of those times.
             | 
             | Not to go into too deep of details, I'll also say if you
             | ever do business across an international border, even with
             | a company that is headquartered within walking distance of
             | where you live, they /will/ find a way to weasel out of
             | responsibility, even if they have a signed contract saying
             | they're responsible. Once any sort of business crosses an
             | international border, the only way you can hold a multi-
             | national company responsible is if you represent a
             | government that is an ally of the US and can bring to bear
             | full military force, otherwise they /will/ screw you over.
             | 
             | In fact, the primary component of my debt post-college was
             | paying back attorney's fees for cases I had won (or had won
             | / appealed several times until I settled because I could no
             | longer afford to pay for attorneys).
             | 
             | Personally, I am a major supporter of the idea we should
             | have it be written into law that the party that doesn't
             | prevail is responsible for attorney's fees for both parties
             | automatically. That said, I also understand that this could
             | be disastrous for smaller entities suing larger entities if
             | they lose (to which I mostly say... don't file frivolous
             | suits).
        
               | thathndude wrote:
               | Lots of good thoughts here. All I'll say/add is that
               | there is a wide chasm between a losing suit and frivolous
               | suit.
               | 
               | There are legal issues that I will argue the exact same
               | twice, and, depending on the judge, win one and lose one.
               | If I have to pay for the attorneys fees of the other side
               | for the one I lost, I'll be filing 0. No justice for
               | anyone.
        
             | oneoff786 wrote:
             | Ok but if you lose, your client gets $0 and owes you $50k.
             | No? And if you settle?
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Contingency based, so no result = no charge.
        
               | rocqua wrote:
               | He works on contigency. That is a 'no cure no pay'
               | system.
        
               | thathndude wrote:
               | No. It's a contingency fee. My client isn't paying me
               | hourly. If we lose, we both get $0. This is how lots and
               | lots of plaintiff litigation works, if you're not
               | familiar. Those guys advertising for car accidents on
               | billboards are not charging you an hourly rate.
               | 
               | As plaintiff's attorneys, we take cases we believe in, we
               | spend our money to prosecute the case (I almost always
               | pay that $200 AAA filing fee for my clients), and then we
               | get paid out on the back end. In my personal opinion,
               | it's a much more appropriate compensation method, because
               | it puts our interests firmly in line.
               | 
               | Based on the very limited understanding I have of this
               | case, if we settle, I'm targeting a 10k settlement and
               | taking a percentage of that (a percentage smaller than
               | the client), and so my client is getting 5k+.
        
               | padheyam wrote:
               | We have a system where lawyers cannot charge contingency
               | fees. I guess the rationale is founded upon lawyers being
               | perceived as 'officers of court', and the expectation of
               | ethical conduct. When money is a factor, boundaries of
               | ethical conduct tend to be hazy. while you owe a duty to
               | the client, you also owe certain duties to the
               | court/tribunal and even to the adversaries- including
               | duty of fairness.
               | 
               | It is interesting to note that while some of the U.S.
               | rules of professional conduct states that a lawyer shall
               | represent a client "zealously", such a requirement is
               | missing in our code of conduct rules.
        
               | gbronner wrote:
               | It would be far more reasonable if you had to pay the
               | other side's fees if you lost
        
               | waqf wrote:
               | Many jurisdictions outside the US do (much more readily)
               | award fees so that the loser has to pay the winner's
               | legal costs.
               | 
               | The disadvantage of it is that if you're just some guy
               | against a BigCo, then instead of risking having to pay
               | your own $50k lawyer bill you're potentially risking
               | having to pay their $5M lawyer bill.
        
               | jdsully wrote:
               | Fees can be capped by offering a settlement. The court
               | will not allow you to ignore a reasonable settlement and
               | then charge fees for work done after. "Reasonable" is
               | defined by a better or similar outcome to what you got in
               | the end by continuing litigation.
        
               | swores wrote:
               | What about capping fees at whatever the party having to
               | pay spent on their legal team, so the party choosing to
               | pay more expensive lawyers for more hours is taking the
               | risk on that increased cost vs. the other, and the less
               | you spend on your side the less you're liable to pay if
               | you lose?
        
               | oneoff786 wrote:
               | Why don't you charge 1,000 an hour then?
        
               | phonon wrote:
               | Courts do lodestar calculations to determine if the
               | hourly billing rates/number of hours were appropriate.
        
               | thathndude wrote:
               | don't charge $1000 an hour, because, ultimately the fee
               | charged must be "reasonable." Now, as a boy who grew up
               | lower middle class, the idea that an hour of my time is
               | worth $500 or more as part of these calculations is
               | something that I still struggle with. But my rates are in
               | line with my peers, what the system considers to be a
               | reasonable rate, and consistent with my experience and
               | education. But at $1000 an hour, most judges will call
               | BS. Again, I didn't make the system, I'm just surviving
               | in it
        
               | paulgb wrote:
               | Since you work on contingency, the $500/hr is also
               | compensating you for the risk that it will turn out to be
               | $0/hr, right? Or do you pretty reliably get to a
               | settlement that involves your full fee being paid?
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | Well... I consulted a civil rights attorney about some
             | rights violations. I was told that if the damages are
             | really small, then the federal judges don't look favorably
             | on reimbursing attorney fees.
             | 
             | On a side note, my experiences with the legal system is
             | that it's a complete shit show full of incompetent and even
             | crooked players (DA, police, magistrates, judges). If for
             | no other reason, you have to hire a lawyer because a lawyer
             | can more readily detect the incompetence, and the
             | incompetent people are more likely to accept stuff coming
             | from a credentialed person.
        
               | thathndude wrote:
               | There is some truth to this. The courts are becoming
               | hesitant to make the massive attorneys fees awards that
               | were more commonplace in the past (1,000 damages and
               | 200,000 in fees).
               | 
               | But, generally speaking, everyone is still on board for
               | realizing that at the end of the day the attorneys fees
               | award will probably be the biggest part of the award.
               | 
               | The fact is, as soon as judges stop giving out those
               | attorneys fees awards, you're going to stop having
               | attorneys pursuing these civil rights cases. That's the
               | bottom line.
               | 
               | As a legal system, and as a society, we have to ask
               | ourselves whether these civil rights violations are a
               | priority or concern or not.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | True, but US legal fees are quite literally off the scale
               | compared to the rest of the world. There isn't a country
               | where lawyers siphon off so much, individually and
               | collectively.
        
               | thesuitonym wrote:
               | Do you have any numbers to back this up? $500/hour
               | doesn't seem that insane to me for an expert's time.
        
               | mrtranscendence wrote:
               | I don't know. I'm an expert (at some things, anyway), and
               | I make $68 an hour. Maybe an attorney isn't billing 100%
               | of the time, but if they billed six hours a week they'd
               | make more than I do. That feels like a lot of money.
        
               | thesuitonym wrote:
               | I assume that's your wage from an employer, and that's a
               | totally different number. If that's your freelance fee,
               | you are seriously being underpaid. After paying taxes,
               | fees, insurance (both personal and business), anything
               | less than $200/hour for skilled labor (not even expert
               | professional) is a steal.
        
               | mrtranscendence wrote:
               | That's a good point; I'm not a contractor. I doubt my
               | total compensation comes anywhere close to $200 an hour,
               | though. When I _was_ briefly a contractor last year I
               | believe the total amount paid from the contractee to the
               | contracting firm was closer to $150 an hour.
               | 
               | I think my pay is normal for my title ("ML engineer"),
               | location (Cincinnati), and experience (master's, 10 years
               | in the workforce). Though I wouldn't turn down a
               | substantial pay raise ...
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | A few years ago, we were billing at $98/hr total comp.
               | This was for employees at the company for total cost to
               | the company.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Yes I do. I've had some lawsuits in the USA, some in
               | Europe and the cost of the US lawsuits absolutely dwarfed
               | the ones in Europe.
               | 
               | It's not that $500/hour isn't 'insane' (it actually is,
               | but that goes for the profession as a whole), it's how
               | much time ends up being billed for a case and US lawyers
               | really are experts at running out the clock, and working
               | the system to the point where the legal fees themselves
               | become a weapon in the case (see the excellent examples
               | in this thread illustrating that).
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Seems high to me. I don't pay that much for a doctor, or
               | a plumber, mechanic, etc.
        
               | bodhiandphysics wrote:
               | You almost certainly pay far more than 68 an hour for a
               | doctor! (How long are you actually with the doctor?).
               | Plumbers and mechanics are paid at a significantly lower
               | rate than doctors and lawyers!
        
               | Sohcahtoa82 wrote:
               | Where did that $68/hr number come from?
        
               | bodhiandphysics wrote:
               | I have no idea? Brain fart. doctors also get paid by the
               | procedure, so charge less for simple office visits (it's
               | complicated because of how medical billing works)
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | The question was $500/hr. A 30 minute appointment is
               | about $150. Still less than $500/hr with considerably
               | more overhead.
        
               | gbronner wrote:
               | The goal of obtaining justice for the client is rather
               | different than the goal of maximizing legal fees
        
               | fn-mote wrote:
               | The goal is also to create an incentive for the company
               | to behave appropriately (legally) in the future. A few
               | low-cost losses is not going to do that.
               | 
               | The goal is social justice, not just individual justice.
        
               | gbronner wrote:
               | The goal is to produce a relatively low-cost way to
               | resolve reasonable disputes while eliminating
               | opportunities for fraud and bad actors.
               | 
               | A formal written complaint prior to filing for abitration
               | might have been equally effective. Incentivizing
               | escalation simply drives up the costs of resolving
               | disputes.
        
               | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
               | High cost losses won't necessarily do that either.
               | 
               | The fallacy is that these transactions have to be
               | financial.
               | 
               | They don't. Any number of other remedies - from jail time
               | downwards - would provide a stronger deterrent.
               | 
               | Without strong deterrents and the threat of even more
               | expensive class action - possibly leading to personal
               | ruin - individual losses can be written off as a cost of
               | doing business.
               | 
               | Generally the sanctions for bad behaviour are far too
               | light, and strongly biased towards business owners over
               | customers/victims.
               | 
               | The Sackler/Purdue story is a perfect example.
               | Inconceivable levels of harm were caused - far more harm
               | than a high profile terrorist attack. But the Sackler
               | family is still worth billions. And no one is going to
               | jail.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Generally agree. Companies can mitigate the costs through
               | insurances and just passing on costs to customers.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | "As a legal system, and as a society, we have to ask
               | ourselves whether these civil rights violations are a
               | priority or concern or not."
               | 
               | For "minor" violations, they are not a priority at all.
               | At least that's my experience and what I was told by that
               | lawyer as well. If nobody in the system will enforce or
               | defend your rights, then do you really even have those
               | rights?
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _If nobody in the system will enforce or defend your
               | rights, then do you really even have those rights?_
               | 
               | Nobody is a stretch. They can be enforced, just at great
               | expense. So some people can defend those rights; others
               | can't.
               | 
               | We can't extend this to the latter not having the rights
               | because people intervene on behalf of others' legal cases
               | all the time, there are non-profits set up to do this (
               | _e.g._ the ACLU and EFF) and some wealthy retired
               | lawyers' pass times.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | The police don't, the DA doesn't, the judges don't - they
               | are the main actors in the system. The civil rights
               | attorneys and ACLU only take on the biggest issues due to
               | constrained resources. Same with the DOJ Civil rights
               | division.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _police don 't, the DA doesn't, the judges don't - they
               | are the main actors in the system_
               | 
               | Most civil rights violations aren't criminal offences. It
               | literally isn't the police or DA's job.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Supposedly their job is to seek justice. Trampling people
               | right, even if civil offenses, is something they aren't
               | supposed to do. In fact it's their job to not violate
               | those rights and take steps to mitigate their impact if
               | they do occur. Violating those rights can undermine any
               | criminal case they're working on.
        
               | babelfish wrote:
               | Philosophically, sure. But legally, not at all.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | "But legally, not at all."
               | 
               | Color of law violations...
        
               | babelfish wrote:
               | Are you an attorney with experience with color of law
               | violations, or just a citizen with an idea of what
               | "should be correct" in a court of law? The American
               | justice system is extremely convoluted. It's already been
               | explicitly explained to you that "Most civil rights
               | violations aren't criminal offences. It literally isn't
               | the police or DA's job". If you think there is a chance
               | of changing this through "color of law" violations, I
               | highly encourage you to seek counsel and pursue it - it
               | would be a massive win! But, any lawyer worth their salt
               | would tell you that it would be an impossible case and
               | that you have a massive misunderstanding of how the
               | justice system works.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | You're completely misunderstanding the conversation here.
               | 
               | Did you see the quote about "legally, not at all"? This
               | is easily identified as false. There are criminal charges
               | in at least 4% of civil rights cases.
               | 
               | On top of that, we aren't just talking about charging
               | some. We're talking about the idea that protection of
               | civil rights is part of the job for police and
               | prosecutors. This is also easy to prove. Police are
               | required to Miranda-ize before interrogation, the agency
               | they work for is required to investigate IAD complaints
               | without being hostile to the complainant, etc.
               | Prosecutors are required to maintain Guiglio lists,
               | follow Brady for exculpatory evidence, etc. These are
               | clearly defined examples of where the actors are in fact
               | legally required to take steps to protect one's civil
               | rights.
               | 
               | Do they sometimes violate these? Sure. The point is that
               | it is in fact their job to ensure they are not violating
               | people's civil rights. The reason they get away with it
               | is that there's no real oversight, and even the civil
               | cases are overseen by judges who are also part of the
               | system and inevitably have biases to support the other
               | members of that system.
        
               | DarylZero wrote:
               | That's just describing the problem.
        
             | avar wrote:
             | > This is the way the justice system is set up [...] we
             | want to incentivize competent lawyering [...].
             | 
             | Except as you yourself point out upthread it's not really
             | an incentive for competent lawyering per-se, rather it's an
             | incentive for costly lawyering.
             | 
             | I.e. a reason for why someone might retain your services is
             | partly or entirely because it gives the defendant a greater
             | incentive to settle.
        
               | thathndude wrote:
               | I mean, if the company thinks the consumer's lawyer is a
               | clown, then they're going to assign a probability of
               | having to pay those attorney's fees at or near zero. Then
               | you're back to them valuing the case lower.
               | 
               | But I also get/agree with your point. Please don't read
               | any of my comments here as an impassioned defense of
               | lawyers or the legal system in general. Just, generally,
               | having a competent lawyer, can drive better outcomes in
               | these cases.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | To illustrate: I had a spat with a big dutch telco
               | provider for a 6 figure sum, they gave me the runaround
               | and 'what are you going to do, we're big and you're
               | small' until they got a letter from one of the largest
               | legal offices in NL and they folded on the spot and paid
               | up.
               | 
               | Better lawyers really do drive better outcomes. If the
               | other party is worth suing (a calculus that many people
               | seem to skip).
        
               | mellavora wrote:
               | Well, an incentive for costly lawyering might translate
               | into an incentive for competent people to go into the
               | profession, which does incentivize competent lawyering.
               | 
               | Also, since the counterparty is basically making a
               | financial decision (rather than a moral decision), costly
               | lawyering is competent. The price is part of the service.
        
               | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
               | It incentivizes lawyers who prefer expensive lawyering.
               | 
               | Competence is an orthogonal question.
               | 
               | Lawyers are basically mercenaries engaged in trial by
               | combat, abstracted to an exchange of relevant facts and
               | opinions.
               | 
               | It's not obvious that a battle between mercenaries is the
               | best way to get a just result.
               | 
               | Considered systemically, lawyers also control
               | legislation.
               | 
               | While it would be better _for consumers_ to have much
               | stronger protections, the people who make money out of
               | weak protections are not incentivized to argue for
               | stronger laws which would reduce their billable hours.
        
             | Gunax wrote:
             | What about lawyers working on contingency?
             | 
             | If I am not paying my lawyer, aren't we incentivised to
             | charge (approaching) infinity, even if it's just a way to
             | inflate the cost?
        
           | zo1 wrote:
           | Sounds fine an dandy when it's "stick it to the big evil corp
           | that has revenues in the hundreds of millions", but a side-
           | effect is that it'll make insurance and legal costs higher
           | for smaller (and potentially very honest) companies.
        
             | ameister14 wrote:
             | Except that if the company did what it was obligated to do
             | under the contract there would be no lawsuit, and if there
             | was one the company would win.
        
               | zo1 wrote:
               | And in the case that they did do what was obligated and
               | win the case with 100 hours worth of lawyer time spent?
               | Will the small party pay the lawyer fees for the company?
        
               | ameister14 wrote:
               | Their lawyer would spend some time regardless of whether
               | the other party's lawyer was there or not. Sure, they may
               | have to answer some filings or produce something (I don't
               | really know the rules and procedures of arbitration) but
               | again, a competent person without an attorney would come
               | close to that anyway.
               | 
               | If the lawyer loses on contingency after spending 100
               | hours, nobody pays them; that lawyer eats the loss.
        
               | oneoff786 wrote:
               | But it's super shit that a lawyer can say "you can either
               | give my client 2k or have a chance at giving my client 2k
               | and me 50k"
               | 
               | That's just so fucked up.
        
         | dalbasal wrote:
         | So... thanks for the advice and info. Good to get practical
         | knowledge out there.
         | 
         | That said:
         | 
         |  _that same law says you can get attorneys' fees too, the
         | company knows that they could be facing a 50k+ judgment at the
         | end (almost entirely comprising attorneys' fees), and then that
         | often incentivizes earlier, higher settlements._
         | 
         | This is awful, in my opinion. We really should consider
         | redesigning our legal systems once every century or so. This
         | sort of thing is a result of lawyers making their own rules for
         | too long.
        
         | projektfu wrote:
         | Have you done any arbitrations with employee cases? Mandatory
         | arbitration in low wage employment was the hot topic a few
         | years ago.
        
           | thathndude wrote:
           | Never got into the employment context. But wage and hour
           | cases (FLSA) have made many a rich lawyer.
           | 
           | I will say, while I am generally not anti-arbitration, I do
           | think it has its limits, and when it is used as a tool to
           | suppress information that should be out in the public, I am
           | completely opposed to it.
           | 
           | The Example I often use are cases where an individual is
           | suffering severe sexual-harassment. If that person is forced
           | into arbitration, unable to share their story
           | (confidentiality required), and hamstrung in prosecuting
           | their claims by the arbitration process, that's a losing
           | situation for the entirety of society.
        
         | sillysaurusx wrote:
         | Hey, thanks for this. As someone who just went through this
         | process in December, there's a problem: my contract had a
         | sneaky clause in it that said both parties are responsible for
         | 50% of attorney fees.
         | 
         | Meaning that $50k judgement would become a $25k bill.
         | 
         | Yeah, I was sad to realize that.
         | 
         | But! Your advice is absolutely worth taking anyway. I did, and
         | the company paid me the moment I said I was starting the
         | arbitration process. It was a bluff, and sometimes you need to
         | be willing to bluff.
         | 
         | On the other hand, I was so upset at them that I might've just
         | gone through the process regardless. So I guess it helps if you
         | yourself aren't sure whether it's a bluff, since they
         | definitely won't know either.
        
           | thathndude wrote:
           | Edit: I may have misunderstood your comment, but it sounds
           | like maybe you were saying your contract with the defendant
           | company required that you pay 50% of attorneys fees. If
           | that's the case, it would depend on details, but there would
           | be a lot of arguments to make that not applicable.
           | 
           | Edit 2: Confirmed (see comment above)
        
           | ascar wrote:
           | > my contract had a sneaky clause in it that said both
           | parties are responsible for 50% of attorney fees.
           | 
           | Which contract? The one you did the arbitration?
           | 
           | If the consumer law says the winner has to pay the fees, how
           | can such a clause be legal?
        
             | SamWhited wrote:
             | If your state has a loser-pays law then the clause likely
             | isn't enforceable. They probably know this and have a
             | severability clause as well ("if any one clause isn't
             | enforceable, the others remain in effect") and just leave
             | it in to try and scare people into not bringing a lawyer.
             | Of course, that's assuming that your state does actually
             | have a law that makes this clause unenforceable.
        
             | thathndude wrote:
             | I just re-read that comment, and had the same question. If
             | the company is trying to include such a provision in its
             | contract with you, such a provision, would be illegal,
             | unconscionable, void against public policy, etc etc.
             | 
             | I've never seen anything like that in all of my
             | arbitrations.
             | 
             | What you will see for B2B claims (not consumer claims) is
             | an agreement that the parties will split the cost of
             | arbitration. But that's different than their respective
             | attorneys please.
        
               | sillysaurusx wrote:
               | My apologies, I think I was mistaken. The contract is
               | here:
               | https://twitter.com/theshawwn/status/1476573099902611457
               | 
               | You're right. It says "Each will separately pay their own
               | counsel fees and expenses." I was focused on the part
               | that said "Company and Contractor will each pay one-half
               | of the costs _and the expenses_ of arbitration. "
               | Wouldn't a $50k judgement be considered an expense? I
               | suppose not, but it's all quite confusing for non-
               | lawyers.
               | 
               | The 50% clause was confusing enough that when I went to
               | someone for advice, they mentioned that it would limit my
               | upside. Here's the full advice I got from them. (They
               | were relaying what their father said, who is a lawyer.)
               | 
               | > He said $10k is a little small to bother recouping Bc
               | you might burn thru 20% just retaining a lawyer +
               | covering half of initial arbitration fees
               | 
               | > And arbitration--if it happens, and if it's extensive--
               | will absolutely burn thru the rest
               | 
               | > He said your best bet was a friend or young out-of-law-
               | school kid without a crazy hourly rate to help out, make
               | a few calls, make sure the company is willing to move
               | forward with arbitration
               | 
               | > But, if they are, it might not be worth it...
               | 
               | > Unlike mediation--where a neutral third party tries to
               | guide the parties to a resolution before arbitration--
               | arbitration is adversarial, involves a legal decision,
               | and will require things like discovery (surfacing all the
               | relevant facts + documentation etc.)
               | 
               | > He said arbitration can be as expensive + complex as
               | regular ol' litigation
               | 
               | > Grain of salt from a non-Washington lawyer who probably
               | did most of his work in a different scale / context, but
               | in case it's helpful
               | 
               | > Your agreement says you half to cover half of
               | arbitration costs, separate from your lawyer,
               | unfortunately. Some agreements split cost
               | disproportionally between winner + loser, but this one
               | doesn't (I think, skimmed), and even if it did it would
               | be a risky / ambitious gambit
        
               | thathndude wrote:
               | My read of that contract (and it's a pretty standard
               | term) is that you're just splitting the invoices for
               | costs/fees from the arbitration provider. This has
               | nothing to do with respective attorneys' fees.
               | 
               | However, that can still limit your upside. If the
               | arbitration fees are $5,000, then you're paying $2,500
               | win, lose, or draw, and so that has to be factored into
               | your calculations.
        
               | encryptluks2 wrote:
               | It needs to be factored into the law and forced
               | arbitration clauses need to be abolished.
        
             | maccard wrote:
             | > If the consumer law says the winner has to pay the fees,
             | how can such a clause be legal?
             | 
             | And if it's not, you're back in arbitration...
        
           | adolph wrote:
           | Reminds me of:
           | 
           |  _When Pena downloaded the Bird app and agreed to its terms
           | in August 2018, he unwittingly indemnified Bird against any
           | lawsuits. Bird now claims that Pena owes the company
           | $322,171, the amount it has spent so far defending Los
           | Angeles against the lawsuit._
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30908416
        
         | jerf wrote:
         | Having done this once myself, I will also add this: I'm in my
         | mid-40s now, and arbitration triggered long-dormant school-type
         | psychological patterns of "ohmigosh I'm going to get in trouble
         | if I don't do this perfectly", or "What if I get B-?". The
         | attorneys on the other side may even try to deliberately
         | trigger these, they know the deal.
         | 
         | The reality is, if you bring an action, the worst case outcome
         | is basically: You lose. Yup, losing sucks. But... that's it.
         | It's not going to trash your credit record, cause your
         | significant other to leave, get you held back a grade, result
         | in being grounded, kill your job (barring bring arbitration
         | against your employer, of course, even if law forbids it), etc.
         | etc. Your brain may incorrectly assess the stakes as being far
         | higher than they are because of the form of the matter. You may
         | need to consciously control those patterns.
         | 
         | But if you want to be able to hold companies accountable, this
         | is a big tool in your belt and if more people used it we'd
         | probably see companies being less bold in screwing their
         | customers over. It's a losing proposition for them from the
         | _moment you file_. I certainly don 't encourage frivolous
         | filings, but by all means, when it isn't frivolous, think of it
         | as a pro-social, pro-consumer action that you can take to bring
         | companies to task and in at least in some small way represent
         | other consumers who they probably screwed over too, but don't
         | have the wherewithal to file arbitrations of their own.
        
           | zeruch wrote:
           | "when it isn't frivolous, think of it as a pro-social, pro-
           | consumer action that you can take to bring companies to task
           | and in at least in some small way represent other consumers
           | who they probably screwed over too, but don't have the
           | wherewithal to file arbitrations of their own. "
           | 
           | An absolutely laudable and supportable position. Firms get
           | away with garbage behavior because almost no one takes out
           | the trash, so to speak. If they did, the behavior would shift
           | dramatically.
        
           | encryptluks2 wrote:
           | Let's not forget the bigger tool in the belt and the one that
           | is more likely to be more fair and balanced and affordable,
           | and that is not having forced arbitration clauses and rights
           | waivers. Companies doing this are not doing it to do anyone a
           | favor and to pretend otherwise is a con by the same people
           | that want you to lose.
        
             | jerf wrote:
             | There is a certain amount of evidence that if enough people
             | start using the arbitration clauses, companies start
             | reconsidering them and returning to standard class-action
             | clauses. Companies for a long time were using arbitration
             | in no small part precisely because nobody knew how to do
             | it. But every person who goes through the process learns
             | how to do it, and even if they start with Company X, that
             | makes it that much easier to go after Company Y later. So
             | over time knowledge is diffusing out. If the arbitration
             | clauses offend you, you can take concrete action to help
             | getting them out of the contracts by using them yourself.
        
               | glitcher wrote:
               | And imagine if we started teaching high school kids about
               | these types of tools to help them navigate the real
               | world! I barely understood the broad picture of how
               | government was supposed to work, much less offered any
               | "applied" knowledge of the systems I would actually need
               | to interact with as a citizen.
        
           | thathndude wrote:
           | I absolutely love this attitude. And, candidly, as a lawyer,
           | this is part of why I love arbitration. It's a lot less
           | formal. It's more about just getting to the right result
           | without all the unnecessary pomp and circumstance. It lets me
           | do my job--advocate for my clients--without worrying about
           | whether I made sure to include some magic words or hit a
           | specific, inflexible deadline.
           | 
           | If there's a health issue with a kid, I send the arbitrator
           | an email and ask for 7 more days. No formal "motion for
           | continuance pursuant to local rule 8.9(c)(3)(f)."
           | 
           | Lastly, I agree that this a tool. I like to think of
           | arbitration, in this context, as the best customer service
           | tool out there. Remember back when the hack was that you send
           | a letter to the office of the president and that got you a
           | competent response? Arbitration is like that on steroids.
        
             | 8ytecoder wrote:
             | The reason for the fear is the possibility of bias against
             | the consumer. If companies pay for the cost of arbitration
             | and everything is behind closed doors, how do we know we
             | can trust the process to be fair?
             | 
             | I'm not a lawyer or a legal expert or even believe the
             | judicial system is always fair. But at least it's open and
             | rules are well laid. So as a layman, why should I believe
             | arbitration? (Genuine question; not a judgment)
        
             | Animats wrote:
             | Would you comment on arbitration services? AAA seems to be
             | legit, while National Arbitration Forum was a front for a
             | collection agency.[1] What about JAMS?
             | 
             | [1] https://www.wallacefrancis.com/the-great-arbitration-
             | scam
        
             | inetknght wrote:
             | > _And, candidly, as a lawyer, this is part of why I love
             | arbitration. It 's a lot less formal. It's more about just
             | getting to the right result without all the unnecessary
             | pomp and circumstance._
             | 
             | Sure, arbitration is fine -- give two parties more options
             | to come to an agreement. But mandatory binding arbitration
             | that explicitly contractually removes any way to resort to
             | a full court? That's what I think is wrong.
             | 
             | If two parties don't come to an agreement in arbitration
             | then they _should_ always have the option to go to full
             | court and incur the costs and headaches of doing so. Having
             | that option would, I think, make arbitration far more
             | desirable than it currently is.
        
           | Ansil849 wrote:
           | > The reality is, if you bring an action, the worst case
           | outcome is basically: You lose. Yup, losing sucks. But...
           | that's it.
           | 
           | What about having to pay the attorney fees?
        
           | pseingatl wrote:
           | It's not financially viable for an attorney. Lawyers charge
           | by the hour; how much time does an arbitration take? For a
           | case like this:
           | 
           | -listen to your story : 1 hr.\\\ -read your documents .5 \\\
           | -follow up questions .25 \\\ -draft request for arbitration
           | .5 \\\ -review rules .5 \\\ -respond to correspondence,
           | select arbitrator 1. -respond to answer from Defendant .5 \\\
           | -schedule arbitration .25 \\\ -hearing 2. \\\ -request
           | payment .5 total: 5.5
           | 
           | This is an extremely conservative estimate. At $100/hr,
           | that's $550. Good luck finding a lawyer who will charge
           | $100/per and it's much more likely that time estimate is off.
           | Double it, plus... So your legal costs at a minimum are going
           | to hit $1000. On a $2000 claim.
           | 
           | and if payment isn't made, there's a whole 'nuther round...
           | 
           | These cases just aren't economical for lawyers, unless you
           | specialize in them and do nothing but crank them out.
        
             | escape_goat wrote:
             | Further up the thread there's an attorney who does
             | arbitration all the time, but just in case he doesn't
             | respond to you I will point out that professional
             | specialization is exactly how everything works.
        
             | akhosravian wrote:
             | thathndude says they are an attorney above, and pointed out
             | some states have laws that allow for attorney's fees on top
             | of the actual claim.
             | 
             | They also said they do the work on a contingency basis. If
             | that is common practice one is out only their time if
             | speaking to an attorney.
        
           | omoikane wrote:
           | > worst case outcome is basically: You lose
           | 
           | The part that really irks me is not about possibly losing,
           | but all the time wasted in the process. I see a lot of
           | protections in the spirit of "get your money back", but no
           | one is going to compensate for the time spent to get that
           | money.
           | 
           | Depending on the amount of money, customers might not attempt
           | to file these cases so that they can cut their losses early.
           | Companies knows these too, which is why contracts and
           | customer support channels are often designed to waste your
           | time. I know people who would still go after companies purely
           | on principle, but that is a tiresome way to live.
        
             | mLuby wrote:
             | > I know people who would still go after companies purely
             | on principle, but that is a tiresome way to live.
             | 
             | One click to sue would be great. Class-action lawsuits are
             | on the right track but they scale on behalf of courts and
             | companies, not consumers.
        
         | chrisjc wrote:
         | So if they decide to settle once you get a lawyer involved,
         | does the settlement include both the claim and the lawyer's
         | fees thus far, or just the claim?
         | 
         | I'm sure that the answer is "both of course", but just want to
         | hear how these kinds of early settlements pan out in your
         | experience. I imagine that the ~$50k judgement you used as an
         | example might be for lawyer fees when it has gone to judgement,
         | but is it even worth most lawyers' time if it doesn't go that
         | far? Couple hundred bucks to send a letter vs hundreds of bucks
         | an hour doing something more consistent? Or is all this pretty
         | boilerplate stuff?
        
           | hammock wrote:
           | Lawyer fees are not a fixed cost, they increase with time.
           | And the longer a case goes the less boilerplate it becomes. A
           | settlement is more likely to include a greater portion going
           | to the consumer than a final arbitration
        
             | chrisjc wrote:
             | Right, I get that. I just wanted to make sure that the
             | lawyer's fees are covered in the settlement, or would a
             | settlement include a final FU you that you now have your
             | claim, but you're potentially out of pocket paying the
             | lawyer fees you now owe.
             | 
             | Worse yet, could they string you along and wait till the
             | last minute to settle, thus increasing your lawyer fees
             | potentially beyond the value of the original claim?
        
               | thathndude wrote:
               | I'm not sure if I'm understanding all of the
               | questions/concerns you raise in your comment, but
               | generally, I don't apportion out attorneys' fees in a
               | settlement.
               | 
               | And, again, typically, you don't "owe" attorneys' fees.
               | It's a contingency (percentage) agreement. So if you
               | settle at the 11th hour for $10,000, you have agreed to
               | pay the lawyer a percentage of that figure, not
               | necessarily what they would have asked for as attorneys'
               | fees at a trial/hearing.
        
           | perpetualpatzer wrote:
           | >I'm sure that the answer is "both of course"
           | 
           | IANAL, but my understanding is that the default rule in the
           | US is "each party pays for their own lawyers, regardless of
           | who wins"[0]. Of course, the specifics would depend on the
           | actual terms of the settlement agreement.
           | 
           | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_rule_(attorney%27s
           | _fe...
        
             | thathndude wrote:
             | That is the standard American rule. However for this
             | reason, most consumer protection statute include a
             | provision where the prevailing consumer gets their
             | attorneys fees. Otherwise consumers would be left without
             | representation.
        
           | thathndude wrote:
           | It's more nuanced and squishy than that. Let's say I'm half
           | way through litigation and we want to talk settlement.
           | 
           | I'm going to say something like "if we win, my client is
           | going to get $6,000, and I'll have a claim for fees of
           | $20,000 (based on my time in the claim so far)." So then I'm
           | going to use that as a basis to make a settlement demand of
           | $30,000.
           | 
           | And then we play negotiation ping pong. I'm likely going to
           | discount the portion I attribute to my fees because they're
           | uncertain (what if I lose?). And then the client ultimately
           | makes an individualized decision wheter we settle and on what
           | terms.
        
             | swores wrote:
             | > _And then the client ultimately makes an individualized
             | decision wheter we settle and on what terms._
             | 
             | Could you please elaborate on how that works? To continue
             | your example story, let's say you decide that rather than
             | $20k you're willing to settle with taking $15k for your
             | fees; and let's say they counter your $30k offer with "$20k
             | take it or leave it". Do you then give the client a choice
             | of "you get $5k instead of $6k if we settle, your choice
             | between that or going to court"? Which could equally be
             | "you get $1k instead of $6k" if you earlier decided to only
             | lower your fee for settling from $20k to $19k?
             | 
             | Or does the client actually get more power than that
             | somehow / at what stages do they get info & get to make
             | what decisions or proposals?
             | 
             | (edit: and I'm just asking for curiosity since I'm not in
             | the US, but maybe you could also clarify if what you're
             | saying is true for the US or just for your state?)
        
               | thathndude wrote:
               | It's all going to depend on the retention agreement with
               | the attorney and how they agree attorneys' fees will be
               | paid.
        
         | maccard wrote:
         | > So let's say your claim is $2,000. Under those laws, maybe
         | you can "treble" (triple) your damages if you win. So now your
         | best day is $6,000. And the company knows it.
         | 
         | This is one of the most eye opening things I've read on here. I
         | didn't know that about arbitration. When you threaten/enter
         | into arbitration, it should be part of the law that the company
         | must respond with the maximum amount of damage they're liable
         | for. Anything else is information asymmetry towards the company
         | and they know that too.
        
           | thathndude wrote:
           | I like this suggestion. There is a substantial lack of
           | attorneys in this area. If we are going to force consumers
           | into these systems, they need to be designed more fairly.
        
             | maccard wrote:
             | Think of it like a mortgage - I got a 90 page legal
             | document when I purchased my home (and I received multiple
             | physical copies of it....) but on the first page of it was
             | "here's how much you're borrowing, here's how much you will
             | repay over the lifetime, and here's the fees if you pay it
             | back early", and I had to sign that page individually with
             | the rest of the agreement. It felt a bit silly, but it
             | _forces_ the service provider to give you this information
             | in an honest format, and not bury it in the small print 5
             | levels of indirection deep.
        
               | thathndude wrote:
               | And the only reason you get that information is because
               | of federal consumer protection laws.
               | 
               | If nothing else, an experienced consumer protection
               | attorney brings that to the table--knowledge of these
               | various laws (and how you can sue under them) that you
               | might not even know exists.
        
               | toolz wrote:
               | I think that point is about as fair as saying the only
               | reason it got so complicated in the first place is
               | because of federal consumer protection laws that enable
               | banks/lenders to get away with such complex agreements to
               | begin with. Otherwise you'd have competition that exists
               | solely to correct the complexity of our current financial
               | system.
        
               | DarylZero wrote:
               | Competition will fix asymmetric information? That's _not_
               | how the theory goes.
        
               | thawaya3113 wrote:
               | No it isn't. Because we had centuries of no consumer
               | protection. And there were no competitive pressures to
               | simplify agreements.
               | 
               | Consumer protection laws that forced companies to
               | simplify agreements were a response to the massive
               | increase in complexity without such laws being on the
               | books.
               | 
               | But there's an even easier, non historical, way to see
               | how "competition" does nothing to solve the problem of
               | complexity in agreements.
               | 
               | The agreements to rent an apartment, or to buy a house,
               | both of which are among the most complicated agreements
               | the majority of people will sign, are far more
               | straightforward in most states than buying a $2 song off
               | iTunes or signing up for a 1 month membership off
               | Spotify.
               | 
               | There is a lot of evidence that consumer protection laws
               | have had massive effects in making the agreements more
               | standardized and transparent and reducing shady and
               | fraudulent behavior.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | >Because we had centuries of no consumer protection. And
               | there were no competitive pressures to simplify
               | agreements.
               | 
               | And we also had centuries of really simple (by 2022
               | standards) contract terms. Even if you just include the
               | time after mass-literacy contracts didn't start adding
               | tons of length until fairly recently.
               | 
               | I'm not sure when exactly the proliferation of additional
               | clauses in otherwise pretty simple contracts started but
               | I read a homeowner's insurance policy from the 1930s and
               | it fit on one page.
               | 
               | Edit: Why is this opinion so unwelcome here?
        
               | mbreese wrote:
               | _> policy from the 1930s and it fit on one page_
               | 
               | Of course it did. If it was printed, at the time, it had
               | to be standardized. So the simplest thing would be to
               | make them all identical. At most you'd have a kind of "if
               | this box is checked, clause A applies" set of
               | customization.
               | 
               | Only major contracts would be subject to major
               | customization with individual pages typed.
               | 
               | This tool that we love so much probably had a major
               | reason why things got so complicated.
               | 
               | Personal theory (that I just thought up, so I'm sure
               | someone else thought of it first): complexity is like a
               | goldfish. It grows to take up all available space in a
               | system. If a system can handle more complexity, more will
               | always appear.
               | 
               | When we couldn't adjust contracts for individuals because
               | it was technologically not feasible, we didn't and
               | contracts were simple. Now that we can adapt things for
               | each individual contract, or personalize each web page,
               | insert targeted ads, etc... we do because we can.
        
               | sharemywin wrote:
               | The difference between now and then was a bunch of
               | lawsuits that added more terms to the contract so it was
               | "clearer" and people couldn't win a lawsuit because it
               | wasn't in the contract.
        
               | toolz wrote:
               | That's a fair theory, but I would argue lenders like
               | better.com are winning so much business is because they
               | simplify the process. Their marketing is around that
               | exact reason, as well. There's obviously competition in
               | the space of making home purchasing less complicated,
               | which leads me to reasonably believe less consumer
               | protection from disconnected bureaucrats would result in
               | less absurd complexity. I bought a house just a few
               | months ago and I was on the hook for thousands of dollars
               | before I was legally required to take a home purchasing
               | educational course.
               | 
               | Only bureaucrats could think up such silly rules as to
               | require people to take educational courses on buying a
               | house and allow those courses to only be legally required
               | after you've committed thousands of dollars to the
               | seller.
               | 
               | If the market demanded educational material on how to buy
               | a house (and it does, I've bought a book on real estate
               | for that very purpose before buying my first home) then
               | you get incentives that make sense.
        
               | sharemywin wrote:
               | I didn't see a credit score disclosure on better.com's
               | view rates page, but assuming the best score level if you
               | go to bankrate.com and look at the scenario 500K 20% down
               | 740+ credit it shows almost a $50K+ difference over the
               | life of the loan between their quote and the lowest quote
               | on bankrate. Not that they're the best place to find
               | quotes, just it's easy to see multiple rates.
        
               | kurikuri wrote:
               | > lenders like better.com are winning so much
               | 
               | I wouldn't be so sure about that, they've had 3 rounds of
               | layoffs in the past 4 months, one of which was 1/3 of
               | their workforce[0]. They are also accused multiple times
               | of stiffing employees on severance pay[1]. Not to
               | discount everything else you've said, but please don't
               | use that company as an example of winning.
               | 
               | [0] via layoffs.fyi, filter companies to "Better.com"
               | 
               | [1] https://www.fastcompany.com/90750106/how-better-com-
               | and-its-...
        
               | mrtranscendence wrote:
               | > There's obviously competition in the space of making
               | home purchasing less complicated
               | 
               | How _much_ competition? I 've hardly even heard of
               | better.com. Certainly every time I've bought a house
               | (three since 2003, most recently in 2018) I've had to
               | sign an unreadably long contract, and I don't recall much
               | if any advertised competition in the "make it simpler"
               | space.
               | 
               | I'm also not sure I buy that the complexity of the
               | process came down to consumer protection laws, though I'm
               | no expert in that area.
        
               | MichaelBurge wrote:
               | > I would argue lenders like better.com are winning so
               | much business is because they simplify the process.
               | 
               | I feel like if somebody picks a lender and gets sent a
               | stack of paperwork, they're committed. They're not going
               | to back out "because the paperwork is too complicated"
               | and choose a competitor, and ask their sales people "How
               | long is your paperwork?"
               | 
               | So I'd be skeptical that "complexity of the legal
               | agreement" is at all a factor.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | We still can't adjust contracts for individuals because
               | organizations are afraid that they'll wind up in court
               | because "if what I wanted was stupid why did you let me
               | buy it?"
        
               | thathndude wrote:
               | It's worth noting that _a lot_ of consumer protection
               | laws are 50 years (or less) old. Many were born from the
               | great recession less than 15 years ago.
               | 
               | To your point, this is all pretty fresh stuff, and I
               | think there will be more regulations in other areas. The
               | regulations started with housing/mortgage agreements
               | because they are such large transactions. But the same
               | principles will hopefully trickle down.
        
               | sharemywin wrote:
               | That's just not how the market worked out during the sub-
               | prime mortgage market. 5% prepayment penalties, Arms with
               | massive rate hikes, neg Amortization loans that ate up
               | your equity. no document loans, no income/asset loans.
               | shopping appraisers to get the most inflated loan amount.
               | all kinds of bull shit fees and higher interest rates for
               | more bullshit compensation. The documents were not any
               | smaller. Most of those documents are there to either make
               | it easier for the lender or protect them in some way.
               | Most people don't have phds in finance, legal, psychology
               | to compete with the army of lawyers, accounts, quants,
               | sales people, marketing people that all work day and
               | night to take your money in the most favorable terms for
               | them possible. Not to mention the boom and bust cycle
               | that imploded the market in the first place. In the end
               | we'd probably end up with some kind of marketplace
               | similar to the app store with 30% fees.
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | The problem is the _courts_ letting banks /lenders get
               | away with such complex legal agreements. We're
               | straightforwardly bumping against computational
               | complexity, but the legal system continues to ignore
               | this. A reasonable alternative decision would be that a
               | 90 page document is simply not understandable by the
               | common person ("equal protection under the law"), and
               | therefore is not part of / evidence of a binding
               | contract.
               | 
               | The disclosure laws actually help the banks here, by
               | putting the most important terms front and center where
               | it can be argued that the borrower did understand those
               | even if they couldn't understand the rest of the
               | document. In fact many legal documents are structured in
               | such a way, putting the big picture at the top and then
               | defining/clarifying things later.
               | 
               | As far as your general point, what helps is printed
               | materials by the state that lay out general legal advice.
               | For example, take a look at the wonderful California
               | Tenants Guide.
               | 
               | Another thing that would help would be a public
               | standardization of common consumer contracts. There is no
               | need for every lease/employment contract to have its own
               | custom verbiage that a tenant/employee is purportedly
               | responsible for understanding. There should be at most a
               | handful of standard contracts for common relationships,
               | drafted and published by the government. There are
               | already some of these things published by industry groups
               | like landlord's associations, although they can be a bit
               | biased towards their members. Not using a standard
               | contract or lengthy typeset additions should be judged as
               | an a priori attempt to mislead that no amount of
               | initialing will undo.
               | 
               | Furthermore, putting terms in a contract that are
               | blatantly contrary to prevailing law should itself be
               | illegal with its own penalties apart from enforcement of
               | the contract.
               | 
               | Of course the paperwork pushing lobby isn't a fan of such
               | reforms, and will lobby against them by framing such
               | things as "big government" even though they're better
               | described as mitigations of "big government". There is
               | lots of money to be made by perpetuating government
               | dysfunction and then providing a half-solution. See also:
               | Intuit vs tax filing reform.
        
               | toolz wrote:
               | > take a look at the wonderful California Tenants Guide.
               | 
               | I've never once heard people from California praising
               | their state for making renting better. I've heard the
               | exact opposite many times over.
               | 
               | Everything has tradeoffs. Every complexity the state
               | forces into a transaction enables an exploitative company
               | to leverage loopholes to their advantage. Only near
               | perfect systems can reap the benefits of authoritative
               | protections without inadvertently propping up exploiters
               | who thrive on working around the complexity. Something a
               | smaller, (likely more honest) company can't afford to do.
               | There's a reason so many gigantic companies lobby for
               | more regulation in their industry and I sincerely doubt
               | that reason is to protect the consumer.
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | You're rejecting the idea that we can analyze a specific
               | action/edict of government to see if it makes things
               | worse or better. Such a paradigm guarantees that things
               | can only get worse, as the only successful changes will
               | be ones that enrich some well funded interest (ie
               | corruption / regulatory capture).
               | 
               | > _Every complexity the state forces into a transaction_
               | 
               | I do not see how publishing a guide of public legal
               | advice is adding complexity, regulatory or otherwise, for
               | either party. If you would like to make a specific
               | argument of how it is, please do so.
               | 
               | > _I 've never once heard people from California praising
               | their state for making renting better. I've heard the
               | exact opposite many times over._
               | 
               | There are incentives to spread the negative/political
               | messages, whereas the gains from repeating helpful
               | individual-empowering advice are diffuse.
        
               | lthornberry wrote:
               | I've rented in CA as well as other states. CA rental
               | protections were great for getting my landlord to back
               | down from withholding my security deposit for illegal
               | reasons.
        
               | travem wrote:
               | > I've never once heard people from California praising
               | their state for making renting better
               | 
               | Let me fix that for you. As a renter in California I had
               | a Landlord who tried to hold on to the bulk of my
               | security deposit (a few thousand dollars) for repainting
               | walls, additional cleaning, etc. The clear guidance in
               | this tenants guide gave me confidence in dealing with the
               | Landlord, clearly articulating my stance, and getting the
               | vast majority of my deposit back. Other Landlords I had
               | were very reasonable and refunded my full deposit without
               | issue (I always left property in a good state) but when I
               | had one that tried to play hardball the guide plus a
               | couple of well written letters with appropriate
               | references to the guide helped me sort out the issue
               | relatively easily.
               | 
               | Making it clear what my rights were and setting clear
               | expectations on tenants and landlords relative
               | responsibilities was a clear benefit to me.
        
               | lthornberry wrote:
               | There are good points here, but the equal protection
               | clause has nothing to do with this issue. There are
               | standards in contract law that apply (and are state-
               | specific). Those could be statutorily changed.
        
               | saghm wrote:
               | > Furthermore, putting terms in a contract that are
               | blatantly contrary to prevailing law should itself be
               | illegal with its own penalties apart from enforcement of
               | the contract.
               | 
               | I can't help but scoff every time I read in a rental
               | contract that even if some part of the contract is
               | nullified due to not being legal, the rest of it still
               | applies. It always makes me wonder which part of it they
               | thought might not be enforceable, although likely they
               | probably all include since it costs them nothing to do
               | so.
        
               | nybble41 wrote:
               | A slightly more charitable interpretation would be that
               | they are trying to use a standard contract with terms
               | which are both reasonable and enforceable in most
               | contexts, while allowing for the fact that the rules
               | about precisely what is or is not legal in a contract can
               | vary from one jurisdiction to another and may be subject
               | to a certain amount of interpretation. Also, something
               | which was legal at the time the contract was signed might
               | be changed to be illegal later. Either way, they don't
               | want the entire contract to be nullified on the basis of
               | one invalid term.
               | 
               | IMHO it mostly works out in your favor. If any of your
               | obligations toward them are deemed unenforceable they are
               | still bound to uphold the rest of the contract. The
               | reverse could also apply, of course, but as the smaller
               | and "less sophisticated" party to the contract your
               | obligations are more likely to be nullified by local
               | consumer protection rules than theirs.
        
               | saghm wrote:
               | Normally I might agree with you, but after dealing with
               | this landlord for six months...I don't think that a
               | charitable interpretation is warranted. I won't bother
               | going into details, but there have been no violations on
               | my part, and I can't say the same for them.
        
               | Sohcahtoa82 wrote:
               | Agreements are written in complex language to make sure
               | everything is as explicit as possible and that there are
               | no loopholes or anything subject to interpretation. I've
               | always argued that if the Bill of Rights was written
               | today, each Amendment would be 50 pages long.
               | 
               | > Otherwise you'd have competition that exists solely to
               | correct the complexity of our current financial system.
               | 
               | There's nothing stopping a company from doing this now.
               | Consumer protection laws merely establish a _baseline
               | minimum_. The market is still free to do better than the
               | minimum.
        
           | pjc50 wrote:
           | Problem: this number may well be unlimited.
           | 
           | There are two types of damages, actual and punitive, and for
           | actual damages _you_ set the value of the claim by .. adding
           | up all the damage caused. This is how you can get really big
           | numbers like $145bn.
           | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1118202/
           | 
           | (That size of damages terrified various other companies with
           | liability problems, who quickly got the law changed to
           | minimize the range of things they could potentially be held
           | liable for as a result of their products: https://en.wikipedi
           | a.org/wiki/Protection_of_Lawful_Commerce_... )
        
             | s3p wrote:
             | Not exactly. Many states are now placing limits on the
             | amount of punitive damages plaintiffs can sue for.
        
             | ProjectArcturis wrote:
             | Arbitration rarely results in punitive damages or enormous
             | payouts. That is the exact reason why companies put
             | arbitration into their contracts.
        
               | mjmahone17 wrote:
               | The flip side is it prevents aggregating all damages into
               | a single class claim.
               | 
               | If everyone who had a claim actually arbitrated every
               | time, it would be much more expensive for companies to
               | handle than settling an entire class of claims all at
               | once. The problem is companies know most people will not
               | make a claim if it takes them any significant effort, and
               | if the reward amount won't be very large.
        
               | heretogetout wrote:
               | Is there a limit on the amount of time a company can
               | delay arbitration once you file? Is there any sort of
               | "default judgement" mechanism that can be used against
               | companies that drag their feet?
        
               | paulgb wrote:
               | It becomes especially awkward when those companies have
               | their bluff called, get an onslaught of arbitration
               | claims, and then try to backpedal into a class action.
               | "We were just using an anti-class action language because
               | we thought that would scare away litigation but now we
               | want it" is not a super compelling story to have to tell
               | a fair judge.
               | 
               | This happened to Intuit. Couldn't have happened to a
               | nicer group of people /s.
               | https://www.reuters.com/article/legal-us-otc-intuit/l-a-
               | sant...
        
               | jrochkind1 wrote:
               | That Intuit/TurboTax story is amazing. Story from
               | December 2020, what's happened since then, was the
               | conversion to class action approved?
        
             | maccard wrote:
             | That's not arbitration though, that's a jury trial of a
             | class action lawsuit. The UDAP law that the parent
             | responded talking about (that I learned of today)
             | specifically entitles you to up to three times the amount
             | of damages you're claiming for, plus legal fees.
        
         | mchusma wrote:
         | These one sided attorney fees provisions make a mockery of
         | justice. The whole dialog becomes basically blackmail if you
         | are a small business. Maybe it's ok to have these laws for
         | giant corporations, but if you own a small business and are
         | barely getting by, simply being accused of something you lose
         | regardless of the outcome and your accuser loses nothing
         | regardless of outcome.
        
           | b3morales wrote:
           | Does your small business have forced arbitration clauses in
           | your customer contracts? If so, why was that decision made?
        
             | 87982570983 wrote:
             | You would have to spend much more time litigating without
             | an arbitration clause, meaning even more attorney fees. If
             | this is a problem, it's not a problem specific to
             | arbitration.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | What's the alternative though? I can sue you at any time for
           | any reason. Well, I guess the alternative is to make it
           | difficult for the average person to use the legal system at
           | all.
        
             | encryptluks2 wrote:
             | Which is unethical because the legal system is supposed to
             | be fair and balanced. If someone is suing you frivolously
             | then ask the court to declare them a vexatious litigant.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Meanwhile, in the real world, you're probably advised to
               | hire a lawyer to make that filing.
        
           | Spooky23 wrote:
           | Only if you use. A better strategy is to not let customer
           | issues turn into lawsuits.
        
           | alisonkisk wrote:
        
         | FireBeyond wrote:
         | > Lastly, let's just say I've done an arbitration or two with a
         | home warranty company. They don't make money by paying out
         | claims!
         | 
         | Thankfully we didn't (directly, I know it's our money in there
         | somewhere) buy a warranty when we got our house last year.
         | 
         | I knew the AC was on its last legs from inspection, and no
         | problem, since it was an older 80% old refrigerant system,
         | probably closing on 30 years old. Figured it could wait one
         | summer, in between all the other purchases with a new home.
         | 
         | Then last year Seattle decided to have a heat wave. Maybe not
         | much for those in Phoenix, but four days in a row of 105F+.
         | That's still hot.
         | 
         | And it's even hotter when you have no AC, as ours died a couple
         | of hours into day 1.
         | 
         | So I call the HWC. They "are having trouble" finding someone
         | for "emergency service". Their idea of "emergency service" is
         | "we have a company that will be out there in four WEEKS".
         | 
         | So I found someone who could come out that day, for a
         | surcharge. Reasonable. And the AC was dead. But this company
         | were nice - the tech said "no promises, no commitments" and he
         | did some shifty magic and got it running for about six more
         | hours before it was permanently to the graveyard.
         | 
         | So we started getting quotes for a new HVAC system.
         | 
         | Responses from the HWC company:
         | 
         | - we won't pay if you don't use our suppliers
         | 
         | - we won't pay if you don't choose from our list of models
         | (which were all low end, 80%, 1 stage systems)
         | 
         | - even if you use our supplier, we won't pay above an agreed
         | amount
         | 
         | - if you used another contractor for ANY maintenance work on
         | the existing system, we won't pay
         | 
         | - if the maintenance schedule wasn't followed (whether you
         | owned the system/property at the time), we won't pay
         | 
         | Three (and a half) words are common across each of those bullet
         | points, as you can probably surmise.
        
         | jfoster wrote:
         | What do you think about the approach taken? ("I summarized the
         | entire timeline into three sentences. I provided no evidence. I
         | didn't want to give my hand away before arbitration.")
        
           | thathndude wrote:
           | Personally, I would've taken the exact opposite approach.
           | 
           | I once had an attorney, a very successful attorney, tell me
           | that he's a big fan of laying cards on the table right away.
           | The rationale is that he either wants to know why he's going
           | to lose early or show the other party why they are going to
           | lose early.
           | 
           | In a case like this, where it seems like OP has all the
           | information to prove that these guys are simply in the wrong,
           | I come out guns blazing. I Layout the whole timeline with
           | screenshots and copies of emails, very detailed. Then I make
           | the ask with some snarky closing line like, "if you'd like to
           | avoid the inevitable judgment that will be rendered against
           | you, please contact my office to facilitate payment."
        
             | tiahura wrote:
             | I'll disagree. My guess is that it wouldn't have changed
             | their initial offer, and then he wouldn't have any ammo to
             | negotiate with.
        
               | thathndude wrote:
               | But negotiation is not a game of gotcha. It's not as
               | though you get a number, and then pull a rabbit out of
               | the hat to get a bigger number. "But see this."
               | 
               | You make a demand, and you justify it based on the facts
               | and law, and then you stick to it or make minor
               | concessions until you reach your end result.
        
               | sudden_dystopia wrote:
               | As someone that settles personal injury lawsuits, this is
               | exactly how the process works. I receive medical records,
               | review them, and make an offer. When we negotiate, very
               | rarely do we talk about the actual case details, it's
               | just numbers back and forth. If they say it's worth more
               | than I have it evaluated, I simply ask for more records
               | or indicate that I have reached my best offer.
               | 
               | For what it is worth, it doesn't affect me at all how
               | much I pay out. It's not part of my job objective to pay
               | the least possible. If I can justify it, I can get it
               | authorized.
        
               | hammock wrote:
               | What criteria do you use to evaluate, if not the case
               | details?
        
               | alisonkisk wrote:
        
               | icelancer wrote:
               | There basically aren't any. I've gone through arbitration
               | three times and each time both parties propose a
               | hilariously stupid number and work towards the middle
               | over 12 hours.
               | 
               | It's incredibly dumb. But it works.
        
               | 300bps wrote:
               | tiahura - Since you're disagreeing with someone who
               | specializes in these types of cases for a living, I
               | assume you have similar qualifications?
        
             | pmoriarty wrote:
             | _" if you'd like to avoid the inevitable judgment that will
             | be rendered against you, please contact my office to
             | facilitate payment"_
             | 
             | The judgement may be inevitable, but a wealthy corporation
             | may have the resources to keep the lawsuit in the courts
             | long enough to bankrupt you or until you die of old age.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _a wealthy corporation may have the resources to keep
               | the lawsuit in the courts long enough to bankrupt you or
               | until you die of old age_
               | 
               | Which is the advantage of arbitration.
               | 
               | Someone has run a terrific PR campaign to convince
               | Americans it's hopelessly corrupt. It's not. It's a venue
               | that makes what you described impossible.
        
           | kevin_nisbet wrote:
           | Adding an additional perspective. I'm on the board of
           | directors of my condo corporation, and we have to deal with
           | escalations from time to time for various claims, and threats
           | of lawsuits, etc.
           | 
           | From what I've seen, a perspective of I've collected a bunch
           | of evidence that I'll refer to, but not actually provide,
           | does seem to correlate with those with baseless claims, or
           | those possibly trying to scam the corporation. This is
           | anecdotal from my experience, but has happened more than
           | once. In this case, it might be slightly irrelevant, because
           | the insurer probably has easily verifiably facts on their
           | side to know the calls happened, and the computers were a
           | problem, etc.
           | 
           | But something like the invoice that's being claimed, is an
           | important piece of information. We may want to know what work
           | was done, was it in scope of our responsibilities, call the
           | plumber and verify their credentials, ask them for details
           | not documented, etc. If we have any suspicion the individual
           | is trying to defraud us, not knowing the evidence that
           | supports the amount claimed makes it really difficult to
           | agree to. And if this goes on for a long time, it may be
           | difficult to follow up on those facts.
           | 
           | I don't know about the rules around arbitration specifically,
           | but if this hadn't settled, there may be deadlines involved
           | just like the courts. And anything your doing to make the
           | other side unprepared or to ambush them may be held against
           | you. I don't know that it means you have to lay out
           | everything on day 1, but I wouldn't want to leave anything to
           | the last minute and allow even an argument that I prejudiced
           | the other side by knowingly withholding relevant information.
        
         | windexh8er wrote:
         | Thank you for the insight! I'm curious of your perspective
         | around consumer success with data breach as of recent? Do you
         | find companies liable for general negligence?
         | 
         | As an example... When I was selecting a mortgage company a
         | couple years ago one of the large providers who is newer, and
         | started out in higher ed loans, seemed to have a very sloppy
         | process. They did a lot of things via email that likely
         | shouldn't be done which opened up the avenue for them to send
         | my SO and I emails of PDFs that included our SSNs in them.
         | Needless to say I stopped the mortgage process with them right
         | there and, ended up using a local credit union. However, I
         | threatened legal recourse in a state that doesn't have great
         | privacy laws based on the obvious "leak". When they asked for
         | proof I pointed out that the email headers contained 5
         | intermediaries that were out of their control between sending
         | and receipt. The company sent us each a check for $4k and part
         | of my stipulations were that we would not sign anything in
         | exchange. I was surprised how easy it was and almost felt as
         | though I left money on the table. But I'm curious if you see a
         | particular area that consumers can push back on when companies
         | are negligent with customer data?
        
           | thathndude wrote:
           | Typically, breach litigation has not been very successful. I
           | would describe your outcome at very out of the ordinary
           | (although the behavior you describe is pretty egregious).
           | 
           | The problem is that, generally, the law thinks in terms of
           | damages. So this mortgage company was being reckless with
           | private information, but were you harmed by it? If the answer
           | is "no," oftentimes the claim is dead on arrival.
           | 
           | Of course, we all know that a data breach might not yield
           | harm for 12+ months (when the data is sold on a black market
           | and then used nefariously). But the law isn't well equipped
           | for these types of situations.
        
         | ransom1538 wrote:
         | "the company knows that they could be facing a 50k+ judgment"
         | 
         | Wait. You could lose. Doesn't that mean YOU could be
         | responsible for THEIR lawyer fees too? EG. If you lose, your
         | lawyer shrugs their shoulders and walks, you are stuck paying
         | the 50k?
        
           | thathndude wrote:
           | Generally no. American rule provides that everyone has to pay
           | their own fees unless there is a fee provision. Those are
           | almost always written in favor of the consumer (if you win,
           | you get fees; if you lose, you don't, but neither does the
           | business).
        
           | runnerup wrote:
           | It depends on the jurisdiction but in the USA, generally the
           | plaintiff is not responsible for the defenses legal fees.
           | 
           | You're generally only responsible for the defendants legal
           | fees if your suit was unfounded and purposefully used to
           | disrupt or harm your legal opponent, rather than to seek
           | remedy in good faith.
           | 
           | The defendant can be made to be responsible for your legal
           | fees because those fees were "caused" by their
           | action/inaction which was the unlawful source of harm that
           | you are suing about.
           | 
           | Because the defendant "caused" the lawsuit as a direct result
           | of their original actions against you. All costs that follow
           | from their original harm are owed by them to make you whole.
           | 
           | If you bring a lawsuit as a plaintiff and lose, as long as it
           | was a reasonably well founded lawsuit, there's nothing to
           | point to and say "ah ha! You injured me with your lawsuit
           | that I won". Because everything that happened was perfectly
           | within everyone's right (to bring a reasonable lawsuit but
           | fail to secure a win).
        
         | kingcharles wrote:
         | I'm not an attorney, but I've litigated almost a hundred cases
         | without a lawyer.
         | 
         | Question: sometimes I'll have attorneys approach me at court
         | when I'm on a case that's an obvious winner (and has statutory
         | legal fees, which I can't claim because I'm not represented)
         | and offer to take the case on so they'll get the fees, and then
         | split the fees with me (and let me keep the damages).
         | 
         | Is there any reason why this would not be legal? I've not done
         | it yet simply because I like to litigate everything myself to
         | make a point that it's possible, but sometimes you get a judge
         | that _really_ hates unrepresented people and a lawyer would
         | change the game.
        
           | MockObject wrote:
           | > I'm not an attorney, but I've litigated almost a hundred
           | cases without a lawyer.
           | 
           | Fascinating! I've only ever seen this criticized as a
           | horrible idea. Are you operating in a specific area that
           | you're skilled in? I assume you must have a decent win ratio.
        
           | thathndude wrote:
           | Fascinating. I would love to hear more about your
           | experiences! I could probably learn a thing or two (email in
           | profile).
           | 
           | Ethics rules vary state to state. And, generally, a lawyer
           | cannot split attorneys' fees with a non-lawyer. However, I'm
           | aware of some jurisdictions that have exceptions to this
           | rule, and perhaps, depending on the details, that might give
           | them an out from the general prohibition.
           | 
           | But what you're describing is exactly the point I'm making.
           | Having an attorney can often be a way to uncap your upside
           | potential. If you can make the numbers work with the lawyer,
           | then it's a win-win.
        
         | throw1230 wrote:
         | are arbitration decisions part of public record? can someone
         | request documents on it like one would for court documents?
        
         | vertis wrote:
         | Having seen the other side (I sat next to and was friend with
         | some corporate lawyers), customer service may have no power or
         | latitude to deviate, but the legal team has enormous latitude
         | to do so.
         | 
         | They're risk averse. You don't have to threaten a lawyer and
         | you shouldn't). Just letting a lawyer know you exist and have a
         | legitimate problem that could blow up in their face, can often
         | be enough to magically resolve issues. They almost always have
         | a public email address.
         | 
         | Maybe it's better to go after them with the parent posts laws,
         | but sometimes you just want your issue resolved. I can tell you
         | that very few teams will argue once they get an email from the
         | General Counsel.
         | 
         | See also, patio11's post about being a dangerous
         | professional[0]. One of the best pieces of writing on the
         | subject.
         | 
         | [0]: https://www.kalzumeus.com/2017/09/09/identity-theft-
         | credit-r...
        
           | thathndude wrote:
           | Absolutely this. Arbitration is a powerful "customer service"
           | tool.
        
         | arbitrationnote wrote:
         | Thank you, this is incredibly enlightening.
         | 
         | I am planning to go to AAA with a claim against an online
         | ticket sales company that scammed my mother - I have screenshot
         | evidence that they violated an FTC consent decree in the
         | process. Amusingly the consent decree also mandates them to
         | keep detailed logs on their behavior for 10 years so they
         | should have excellent records as well.
         | 
         | I already spoke to senior attorneys at the FTC about it, but
         | they couldn't really say anything back, and my understanding is
         | that arbitration is the best option for my family to seek
         | relief.
         | 
         | Would you be interested in this or have a recommendation for an
         | attorney? I had planned to do it alone but your comment made me
         | completely reconsider.
         | 
         | My email is in my profile
        
         | TwoNineFive wrote:
         | > Far too many people are scared of arbitration
         | 
         | That's a mischaracterization about the problem with
         | arbitration. People are not scared of it. People are not
         | afraid. It's shameful that you use language like this accuse
         | the people of being afraid and scared. You can't claim to be an
         | attorney and then say you didn't understand the meaning behind
         | the words you chose to use.
         | 
         | Consumer arbitration is corruption. People correctly understand
         | that when one side is paying money to the judge, that the
         | system is corrupt. It's about buying the judge, the court room,
         | and the whole system.
         | 
         | The problems with consumer arbitration are well documented.
         | Being scared is not one of those problems. People are angry.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_arbitration
        
         | snapetom wrote:
         | Author here. Thank you for the tips, and thank you for the
         | feedback!
        
           | thathndude wrote:
           | Thanks for giving me a chance to accumulate tons of that
           | sweet sweet HN karma.
        
         | spaniard89277 wrote:
         | Hmm anyone from Spain familiar with this? I've claimed stuff
         | with my regional consumo agency a handful of times
         | (successfully) but most of the times it was <1K, so It was only
         | worth the hassle because I was almost angry about the
         | situation.
         | 
         | If I can punish companies for bad behaviour and harm their
         | pocket this way, It would be much better.
        
         | iambateman wrote:
         | Super helpful, thanks.
         | 
         | If I ever need an arbitration attorney, do you recommend (1)
         | focusing on finding someone local or (2) finding someone
         | specific to arbitration regardless of location?
         | 
         | Also, if I lose, am I on the hook for the attorney fee? Or do I
         | ask the attorney to take the risk and only collect a fee if we
         | win?
        
           | thathndude wrote:
           | If you're optimizing between local versus experience
           | arbitration attorney, I'd prioritize the latter. I've never
           | felt like my geography was a major hindrance (maybe I had to
           | put in some extra hours to learn local laws/rules/customs,
           | but that's rather easy).
           | 
           | Put differently, I feel much more like a fish out of water
           | when I'm out of an arbitration context I have a lot of
           | familiarity I'm with than when I'm under a different state's
           | laws.
        
       | myskier wrote:
       | fairshake is an easy to use service that I have used that makes
       | arbitration super simple.
        
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