[HN Gopher] Germany is offering a summer of cheap trains
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Germany is offering a summer of cheap trains
        
       Author : paul-graham
       Score  : 110 points
       Date   : 2022-05-29 16:56 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bloomberg.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bloomberg.com)
        
       | _448 wrote:
       | In Cornwall, UK, the local council has started something similar
       | but not just for summer. Now a person can buy 7 day ticket for
       | PS10 and can travel anywhere in Cornwall on any bus. The stated
       | goal for this policy is to encourage people to use public
       | transport as much as possible, and to nudge older citizens to use
       | public transport instead of driving themselves.
        
       | paul-graham wrote:
       | This should be a standard scheme all across Europe. Given the
       | high population density and relatively short distances - such a
       | scheme would greatly reduce congestion and provide a cheaper way
       | of transport (apart from reducing dependency). This scheme should
       | be made permanent.
       | 
       | The lack of access to high speed ICE trains is a hinderance.
       | There should be a way a 9Euro ticket allows access to ICE trains
       | twice a week with advanced booking.
        
         | flohofwoe wrote:
         | > The lack of access to high speed ICE trains is a hinderance.
         | 
         | The ICEs are already quite overcrowded without the 9 Euro
         | ticket though, at least during "prime time" (weekdays in the
         | mornings and early evenings, and at the start and end of
         | weekends). Adding more trains may also be problematic because
         | (1) those trains probably don't exist yet, and (2) the trains
         | are mostly already on 1hr interval which is probaly hard to
         | increase.
        
         | lispm wrote:
         | > There should be a way a 9Euro ticket allows access to ICE
         | trains twice a week with advanced booking.
         | 
         | We'll finance expensive high-speed train infrastructure with
         | 9-Euro-Tickets. Very funny.
        
         | DocTomoe wrote:
         | As someone who just made the switch from planes to trains (I
         | regularly travel on an inner-german route where planes do make
         | sense): If the hordes would invade ICEs, I would go back to the
         | airport. Long-distance rail is over-encumbered as it stands,
         | and more people means less reliability.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | Zak wrote:
         | Even regional trains are often crowded at regular prices, which
         | is particularly problematic given there's still a pandemic and
         | noncompliance with the mask rules on trains is high. I don't
         | imagine wanting to take advantage of the almost-free travel
         | except at odd times of day when demand is low.
        
         | Reason077 wrote:
         | > _" such a scheme would greatly reduce congestion"_
         | 
         | It might reduce congestion on roads, but would greatly increase
         | congestion on trains. And many are full already!
        
         | dang wrote:
         | I appreciate the submission but can you please pick a different
         | username? Celebrity names are a variant of trollish usernames
         | [1], and we don't allow those on HN [2] because they subtly
         | troll every thread they post to. Inevitably this leads to low-
         | value off-topic stuff.
         | 
         | We've learned from experience to just deal with the problem
         | early, so I've temporarily banned this account. If you'd like
         | to pick a neutral, non-trollish username, we can change it for
         | you and unban it.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=true&que...
         | 
         | [2]
         | https://hn.algolia.com/?sort=byDate&dateRange=all&type=comme...
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | nixass wrote:
           | What if someone has same name as some "celebrity"?
        
             | dang wrote:
             | We'll figure it out.
        
             | PixelOfDeath wrote:
             | "We are sorry to inform you, but a big multi billion dollar
             | company has selected a snipped of your video/music/name and
             | registered it within our copyright/trademark system.
             | Therefor we will automatically delete all of your content
             | and sue you for one hundred million dollars in damages on
             | their behalf!"
             | 
             | Dang sounds like a copyright/trademark troll to me! Really
             | disappointed that they allow something like that here.
             | 
             | Edit: I only know graham crackers?! But I guess that's not
             | it?
        
             | pvg wrote:
             | HN implodes and disappears in a puff of logic. So don't
             | tell such people about HN.
        
       | dekoruotas wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/GxXWn
        
       | Overtonwindow wrote:
       | I must confess that I've used the train system in Berlin many,
       | many times and never paid because I didn't realize (at first) and
       | later forgot.. Have things changed so that you need to go through
       | a turnstile or similar ticket entry system, or is this just for
       | the RE trains?
        
         | MandieD wrote:
         | Can't speak to Berlin within the past 3 years, but I've never
         | seen any sort of gate/turnstile entry to German train or
         | subway. There are little punch machines in the stations most
         | places, or just use that city's transit app - Nuremberg's is
         | well-integrated with Apple Pay.
         | 
         | Enforcement is anywhere from routine and uniformed (IC/ICE),
         | semi-routine (RE/RB/S-Bahns), to random and plainclothes (most
         | subway systems).
        
       | thebrain wrote:
       | This is very interesting to hear. In 2014, my wife and I went on
       | a vacation in Germany and I found that it was cheaper and more
       | convenient to rent a car than it was to use trains as we've
       | typically done countries like Italy and France for our vacations.
       | I chalked it up to Germans being a big fan of cars.
        
       | DocTomoe wrote:
       | This is first and foremost a subsidy scheme to give public
       | transit providers some more money - many people will buy the 9
       | euro ticket which before did not buy monthly tickets - and for
       | each such ticket, the state will give the public transit provider
       | the difference to a full month ticket, up to 200 Euros.
       | 
       | 1. The casual public transit rider will get one of these tickets:
       | 9 Euros is like three rides on the Berlin subway ... they ride
       | cheaper beginning with the fourth.
       | 
       | 2. The commuter will save some money on the monthly ticket for
       | three month.
       | 
       | 3. Because of the media frenzy about these 9 Euro tickets, many
       | non-users will buy it with plans to go sightseeing, as this
       | ticket still is cheaper than most individual routes. Not all of
       | them will actually use it.
       | 
       | 4. Sylt (think 'the German version of Nantucket/Martha's
       | Vineyard') will burn to the ground.
        
         | foepys wrote:
         | > This is first and foremost a subsidy scheme to give public
         | transit providers some more money - many people will buy the 9
         | euro ticket which before did not buy monthly tickets - and for
         | each such ticket, the state will give the public transit
         | provider the difference to a full month ticket, up to 200
         | Euros.
         | 
         | Do you have a source for that? Considering that the federal
         | government considers 2.5 billion Euro enough to cover the
         | costs, this sounds false. As far as I'm informed the transport
         | authorities will just get their current costs covered.
        
           | DocTomoe wrote:
           | My source is from an internal (FDP) party newsletter I've
           | read when the idea first was announced. I seem to have since
           | deleted it...
           | 
           | But to put that into context: with 2.5 billion Euros, you
           | could finance 12.5 million such 200-euro-subsidies, or a
           | ticket for three months for about 5% of the population, which
           | I think is not too pessimistic - I'd wager that's about twice
           | the number of people who have a net-wide ticket for their
           | respective OPNV-Verbund today.
           | 
           | The Lander of course consider that money too little and are
           | trying to get more cash assigned, though.
        
         | la_fayette wrote:
         | Sylt is windy and cold also in summer, for a family holyday I
         | woudn't recommend. Let's see how this turns out. The typical
         | summer tourists go south...
        
         | St_Alfonzo wrote:
         | regarding number 4: for more information or to team up with
         | other people, see the 'official' subreddit
         | https://www.reddit.com/r/sylt51/
        
         | blueflow wrote:
         | Sylt ist fallich!
        
           | realPubkey wrote:
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mKmSLO6QNwg&ab_channel=Wobin.
           | ..
        
         | ValentineC wrote:
         | > _4. Sylt (think 'the German version of Nantucket/Martha's
         | Vineyard') will burn to the ground._
         | 
         | As a non-American, I'd appreciate some further elaboration.
        
           | gpvos wrote:
           | The suggestion is that it will get overrun with more tourists
           | than it can handle.
        
           | DocTomoe wrote:
           | Sylt is considered "the holiday island for the uberrich".
           | When the idea was first considered, their mayor carelessly
           | spoke to the media that he feared the plebs coming to their
           | island and do lower-class stuff, in short, getting on the
           | nerves of 'regulars'.
           | 
           | Which was the inspiration for Germany's youth to - very
           | loudly - start planning the invasion of Sylt to drink cheap
           | beer from tincans and do lower-class stuff.
           | 
           | Add our liberal-democratic federal finance minister to the
           | mix, who will get married on Sylt in mid-June, and you got a
           | perfect storm.
           | 
           | Something very similar happened in the 1990s, when the Bahn
           | had a cheap ticket - back then, riot police was sent to Sylt
           | to avoid lower-class tourists getting too annoying. This
           | time, though, it's likely going to be a lot worse, because of
           | things being more organized thanks to the internet.
        
           | brazzy wrote:
           | It's an island that has been a high society hotspot for
           | decades. Think celebrities and politicians sipping champagne
           | in overpriced beachside restaurants.
           | 
           | But even though it's an island, it's reachable by train via a
           | dam, and the locals are worried about being overrun with day
           | trip tourists, and the clebrities are worried about being
           | crowded by _poor people_.
        
       | esel2k wrote:
       | As Swiss (just southern country of Germany fyi), the push for
       | cheaper train is always interesting. However I expect the same
       | level of punctuality and reliability when I would be ready to use
       | train vs my car for work or business trips. I did regularly go to
       | Germany for work (Stuttgart, Karlsruhe and Frankfurt) and
       | regularly had issues with either people causing trouble and
       | police needed to board, suicide (sad but a reality) and most
       | often technical problems. These often lead to missing important
       | connecting trains.
       | 
       | So all in all for me the first step is not to reduce price but to
       | ensure reliable infrastructure...
        
       | JuettnerDistrib wrote:
       | If passenger rail increases, then goods rail must decrease and go
       | onto trucks. Or, one could let goods rail go at night, but
       | Germany is noise -sensitive, so that's unlikely to happen. In the
       | long run building more tracks are probably the only real
       | solution.
        
         | brazzy wrote:
         | Uh... Goods rail _is_ running at night in Germany, and lots of
         | it. So much in fact, that some connections are utilized at full
         | capacity pretty much 24 /7 and causing huge problems when
         | they're blocked.
        
       | winkelwagen wrote:
       | As someone using the German railway for a large distance
       | destination couple a weeks ago it was a total disaster, we got
       | stranded in a unfamiliar German city. Deutsche bahn told us they
       | didn't have any of their (partner) hotel rooms left. Just arrange
       | something yourself. That was very nice because all the hotels
       | were full anyway. It took us another 2 hours of calling to find
       | something. I was exhausted when I finally checked in somewhere at
       | 1 am.
       | 
       | I try to avoid flying, but the German railway is giving me
       | nightmares. I frequently travel through Germany and it is the
       | exception if there aren't any large issues.
       | 
       | The article itself is very thin when giving its reasons. I'm sure
       | it's oke for people without the money to spend, but I would
       | rather pay more for increased reliability. If the German summers
       | are similar to how the Dutch maintains their railways, I'm sure
       | they will plan a ton of construction while the masses of people
       | that usually take the trains for work are on holiday. So I'm
       | inclined to see this promotional as compensation for bad summer
       | train service.
        
         | ThePhysicist wrote:
         | That's really unlucky. Before the Covid thing I took a long-
         | distance train at least once per month for two decades, and I
         | never managed to get stranded anywhere even when I chose late
         | connections. Normally DB knows the connections passengers have,
         | and it seems that if the last train of the day gets delayed the
         | other trains wait for it to make sure no one gets stranded. I
         | would really have enjoyed staying in one of those Intercity
         | hotels at DB's expense.
         | 
         | The worst thing that happened to me was that the ICE train
         | broke down in the middle of nowhere and the DB had to send
         | another train and evacuate everyone from the original one over
         | a gangway (it's not allowed to let passengers deboard in the
         | middle of nowhere). Took more than four hours of waiting in an
         | overheated train during summer. They sent me a box of really
         | good chocolates as a "We're sorry" gift.
        
           | alexott wrote:
           | DB is nightmare. I had so many cases of missing trains when
           | they had 1 hour delay on 1.5h track, connecting trains no
           | waiting even for 5 minutes, cancelling train in last minute,
           | etc.
        
         | chromanoid wrote:
         | I do not share your experience. I used to commute weekly for
         | 1,75 hours in one direction with ICE. I had rarely problems
         | that lasted more than 5 minutes. There was no change of trains
         | required which might help here.
        
           | jotaen wrote:
           | Same here: I regularly take long-distance train rides
           | throughout all Germany, both with ICE (the fast one) as well
           | as RE (the regional one), and for me it works smoothly for
           | the most part.
        
           | DocTomoe wrote:
           | Let me guess: Your commute was in East Germany? Reliability
           | is a lot better there [1]
           | 
           | [1] https://media.ccc.de/v/36c3-10652-bahnmining_-
           | _punktlichkeit...
        
             | chromanoid wrote:
             | No, it was the route from Hamburg to Munich or similar.
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | rjzzleep wrote:
         | The mess of DB isn't that much different from how the oligarchs
         | in a lot of eastern European countries came to be.
         | Privatization without real plan. Privatize the profits and
         | socialize the losses.
         | 
         | The rails near Hamburg Altona are rotting, but the Bahn didn't
         | want to foot the bill. So they came up with a horrible new
         | station somewhere else. As a result the city chipped in to make
         | a better one and pay of it from tax money.
         | 
         | I'm the last person to favour the government institutions in
         | Germany. They're slow, lazy and full of old lazy hierarchies
         | that must have been productive 30 years ago, but what is the
         | point of privatizing something when the structure itself
         | doesn't change and the privatization does nothing but siphon
         | money out of the system and pump tax money in anyway? Half the
         | ICE fleet is out of commission nowadays.
        
           | eisstrom wrote:
           | DB is not privatized, it is 100% state-owned. As far as I
           | know, all ICE power cars are still in use today, except for
           | the one destroyed in the Eschede accident.
        
           | serial_dev wrote:
           | > what is the point of privatizing something when the
           | structure itself doesn't change and the privatization does
           | nothing but siphon money out of the system and pump tax money
           | in anyway?
           | 
           |  _That_ is the point.
           | 
           | Gigantic projects like nuclear reactors, stadiums, high ways,
           | bridges, airports (hallo Berlin) trains (and big software
           | projects and wars, too) are just different ways of funneling
           | a significant percentage of the tax payer money funding the
           | project into the politicians' and decision makers' circle's
           | wallet.
        
             | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
             | In summary: because corruption.
        
           | tpmx wrote:
           | So, echoing what eisstrom wrote: Deutsche Bahn is fully state
           | owned. That phrase about "privatizing the profits and
           | socializing the losses" is a common but still mindless form
           | of dross in this case. I do understand why it gets a
           | particular group of uninformed people to upvote your comment
           | out of reflex though. You use it as click-bait, sort of,
           | while building a convoluted argument that presumably very few
           | of those upvoters actually grok.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn
           | 
           |  _Deutsche Bahn AG is the national railway company of
           | Germany. Headquartered in the Bahntower in Berlin, it is a
           | private joint-stock company (AG), with the Federal Republic
           | of Germany being its single shareholder._
        
             | rjzzleep wrote:
             | It was privatized in 1994. It's actually interesting that
             | to the outside world people believe that it wasn't
             | privatized because of the weird holding structure that it
             | has.
             | 
             | They actually brag about how the privatization in 1994 was
             | a huge success. The history of the privatisation of the
             | Staatsbahn is so convoluted that it's hard to tell what
             | actually happened.
             | 
             | https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/erfolgreiche-
             | weichenstellung-...
             | 
             | EDIT: just because privatization isn't the kind of
             | privatization you like doesn't mean it didn't happen.
             | especially since the people here have no idea about the
             | actual internal structure of the institution and who the
             | leadership answers to.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | tpmx wrote:
               | That article describes Deutsche Bahn being converted from
               | a government agency to a fully state-owned "private"
               | (public) company.
               | 
               | The word "private" as used here does not mean what you
               | think it means.
               | 
               | ("Mit der Bahnreform entstand ein Wirtschaftsunternehmen
               | in privatrechtlicher Form. Der Bund blieb zwar alleiniger
               | Eigentumer der neuen Bahn AG, er sollte allerdings nur
               | noch bei strategischen Entscheidungen mitreden durfen.")
        
               | josefx wrote:
               | The problem is probably more the EU directive that caused
               | the privatization, because it requires that all European
               | rail services compete commercially. Which means they are
               | all required to make a profit even if it is a net
               | negative to society. I can't wait for an EU directive
               | that requires our firefighters to compete commercially,
               | following the example of Marcus Licinius Crassus this
               | would seem quite doable.
        
               | tpmx wrote:
               | Wait, what problem? Do you also believe that Deutsche
               | Bahn was privatized, as in the ownership being
               | transferred from the government to private citizens? If
               | not, can you please clarify for the benefit of other
               | readers of the thread?
        
               | josefx wrote:
               | The problem that it __acts__ like a for profit privately
               | owned company.
        
               | tpmx wrote:
               | Ah. I guess that involves bourgeoisie things such as
               | attempting to balance their budget.
        
               | yakak wrote:
               | Yes, the rail system needs to grow up and be like the
               | wonderful privatized road system that charges tolls on
               | all levels of streets to make sure it is not stealing
               | from tax coffers to encourage pollution.
        
         | pftburger wrote:
         | Ive had a Bahncard 100 (yearly pass for all fast trains in the
         | country) for six years now and while there are problems, its
         | about once a year, working out to about 1% of my train trips.
         | 
         | For air travel, Id guesstimate I get delays about 10-20% of the
         | time.
        
         | jotaen wrote:
         | Maybe worth noting that the 9-euro ticket is only for local
         | public transport, such as buses, subways, or regional trains.
         | Only the latter (RE) are operated by Deutsche Bahn, whereas
         | buses and subways are mostly ran by local companies.
        
         | guerrilla wrote:
         | Okay, but when you compare to the US, it's still _amazing._
        
           | 88840-8855 wrote:
           | Okay, but the US is 50x larger.
        
             | f6v wrote:
             | China has trains.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | I like trains.
        
               | durnygbur wrote:
               | trains
        
               | rat9988 wrote:
               | Why is it downvoted? He has a point.
        
               | 88840-8855 wrote:
               | And China has an agenda and a government that is
               | supporting the building of railways. It's successful.
               | 
               | In US the government was supporting the development of
               | roads a century ago. It was very successful.
        
               | objektif wrote:
               | So is it about the size of the country or corrupt
               | government?
        
             | rat9988 wrote:
             | I'm pretty sure Europe is bigger than US surface wise.
        
               | layer8 wrote:
               | You're right (had to look it up), though it's only bigger
               | by 3.5 %.
        
               | Reason077 wrote:
               | If you take a traditional definition of Continental
               | Europe, including islands like Britain and Ireland, and
               | going all the way into Russia as far as the Ural and
               | Caucasus mountains, then Europe is slightly larger than
               | the USA.
               | 
               | But if you're talking about just the European Union, then
               | the EU is much smaller than the USA. Less than half the
               | land area.
        
               | guerrilla wrote:
               | > Continental Europe, including islands like Britain and
               | Ireland,
               | 
               | Continental Europe doesn't include Britain and Ireland..
               | That's kind of the point of the phrase.
        
               | bonzini wrote:
               | Yeah he meant the European continent (the western half of
               | Eurasia) rather than Continental Europe.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | jtc331 wrote:
               | And we'll over 2x the population.
        
               | guerrilla wrote:
               | Eh?? I thought they were quite similar... Mmm, yeah, EU
               | population is only 447 million. You must be counting
               | Russia and other countries too but those are outside of
               | the socioeconomic system we're talking about.
        
               | naniwaduni wrote:
               | The EU alone is under half the surface area of US,
               | though, so it's like 3x the population density.
        
             | guerrilla wrote:
             | Okay, but with a GDP and population to (out)match, sooo not
             | really relevant. Per capita and per square km, "German
             | train system quality" is a bajillion times better than in
             | the US.
        
             | esrauch wrote:
             | Sure, feel free to compare the trains in New York State vs
             | Germany then.
        
               | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
               | The primary issue in NY is the subway service and the
               | Amtrack trains coming in via the soon to be replaced
               | portal bridge in NJ plus general Amtrack crappiness from
               | other routes (not an NY problem). The commuter lines are
               | decent. Though, with ridership destroyed it remains to be
               | seen what impact the revenue shortfalls will have going
               | forward.
        
         | Tainnor wrote:
         | I've definitely had my "I hate DB" moments in my life and
         | experiences similar to the one you describe, but for me, most
         | of the time, I don't experience major issues (I don't count
         | "train is half an hour late" to be a major issue, although I
         | agree that it's kind of laughable that this happens so often -
         | but I got used to it). It's definitely easier if you don't have
         | to change trains or you don't take a super late train or
         | anything.
         | 
         | Then there's also things that are consistently bad, like
         | regional trains in NRW. They're never on time.
        
         | geff82 wrote:
         | If you beed to be on time, national flights with Lufthansa for
         | me are close to 100% reliable whereas Deutsche Bahn turned out
         | to be a catastrophe in about 50% of the cases. I still don't
         | get it: they own the complete network, they control every train
         | on it and arriving on time at a place is like playing roulette.
         | Neither air travel nor traveling by car gives those headaches
         | (especially when you listen to your dynamic GPS that routes
         | around traffic jams). You can reduce the bad luck a bit by
         | planning longer stops when changing trains, still making pauses
         | longer reduces the attractiveness of trains even more.
         | Personally, I love taking trains when it works. It is
         | comfortable, fast and you arrive in city centers. Even first
         | class tickets have acceptable prices. But as I usually don't
         | travel for pleasure, but for business and don't want to waste
         | my time, German trains have become a no-go for me.
        
           | _Microft wrote:
           | Lufthansa rarely gets "Personenschaden" ("injury to persons",
           | an euphemism for "suicide") on their flight paths while
           | Deutsche Bahn has frequently to deal with that. A delayed
           | intercity express train definitely delays departure of other
           | trains that are considered Anschluss(zuge) ("connecting
           | trains"). It then ripples through the network.
        
             | geff82 wrote:
             | Then how do other countries get to a reliable service?
             | Japan, Switzerland, France...
        
         | dmd wrote:
         | What does large/long distance mean here? Do german railways
         | extend outside of Germany proper? I'm confused because the
         | longest distance I can find between two major cities is Munich
         | to Hamburg, and that's only about 400 miles!
        
         | f6v wrote:
         | You book a train from Aachen to Berlin. The first leg in your
         | connection is late, you miss the ICE in the middle of nowhere.
         | The next one is in four hours. You get in, the DB staff looks
         | at you like you shit in their coffee. Booked a bike place and
         | reserved a seat? The best they can do is to offer to stand
         | between the carriages.
        
       | eunos wrote:
       | From various comments here and also some advice from friends.
       | Consider not taking a trip for more than 2 connections or 2 hour
       | trips with this scheme. A journey delayed will be percolated up
       | to your final connection.
        
       | martinald wrote:
       | Is there actually the capacity to offer this? I understand it
       | excludes IC/ICE trains but surely going to induce a hell of a lot
       | of demand on regional trains?
        
       | belter wrote:
       | Discussed recently.
       | 
       | "9-Euro-Ticket (bahn.com)":
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31445822
       | 
       | Consensus is that is not really that interesting as it might
       | sound.
        
         | MandieD wrote:
         | Especially if your interest is long-distance travel and you
         | haven't discovered the difference between ICE (Munich to
         | Nuremberg in 1:10, perhaps a stop in Ingolstadt - Airbus +
         | Audi) and RB (Munich to Nuremberg in 2:30...ish, stop in all
         | the little towns)
        
       | baybal2 wrote:
       | > When the German parliament approved a new measure this month
       | slashing public transit fares nationwide for three months this
       | summer, the move reflected the severity of the nation's energy
       | crisis. To reduce its heavy reliance on Russian gas and oil after
       | Russia's invasion of Ukraine, Germany is desperate to find ways
       | to reduce its fuel consumption and push more drivers to take
       | trains and buses.
       | 
       | The entire premise that Germany is "mortally reliant" on Russian
       | gas is plainly wrong.
       | 
       | Double digit of gas Germany imports ends up as its electricity
       | exports. Only 20% of the gas actually goes to the industry.
        
       | Reason077 wrote:
       | Already well-covered on HN:
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31445822
        
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