[HN Gopher] Bolt Financial's loans come due
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       Bolt Financial's loans come due
        
       Author : prostoalex
       Score  : 198 points
       Date   : 2022-05-26 15:06 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.axios.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.axios.com)
        
       | sydthrowaway wrote:
       | I don't get the value of this company. How can fellow SWEs who
       | learnt about kernels, networks and hardware (among other
       | incredibly complicated works) get excited about ONE CLICK
       | CHECKOUT?
       | 
       | Maybe this is the JS boot camp effect.
        
         | dntrkv wrote:
         | Of all the services to complain about, one-click checkout
         | should be near the bottom of the list.
         | 
         | For the users, it provides a great UX and prevents the need to
         | give your personal/CC info to every random site that you wish
         | to purchase from.
         | 
         | For the business, it can significantly improve conversion,
         | reduce fraud, and reduce eng time for payment integration.
        
         | _fat_santa wrote:
         | Engineering vs Product. You can have very exciting engineering
         | behind what is otherwise a very boring product. I'm currently
         | leading a React Native app team and from an engineering
         | perspective, it's very exciting. Bleeding edge everything,
         | fabric, hermes, beta and alpha versions of multiple devtools,
         | etc. From a product perspective it could not be more boring,
         | we're building an app to help insurance salespeople track their
         | sales.
         | 
         | And of course there's always the money, for the right price
         | I'll work on whatever you want me too. If someone offered me a
         | job building Windows Vista widgets for $1M/yr, you can bet I
         | will take the job and be very happy.
        
         | shalltell wrote:
         | How can you not get excited or at least, curiously so, to see
         | how they solve this "problem"?
         | 
         | How is bolt going to be better or different than PayPal
         | checkout or the amazing Apple Pay checkout (I literally use
         | Safari for this).
         | 
         | PayPal checkout kinda sucks (the UX was bad when I used it
         | years ago, not sure how its improved). Apple Pay is way better
         | on UX, but can only be used in specific cases.
         | 
         | Simplifying something complex that the user uses as a one-click
         | can/is exciting. I don't think Bolt is the solution though.
        
         | automatic6131 wrote:
         | I was just about to make this point. How does "one click
         | checkout" become worth $11B?
         | 
         | (massive) Capital misallocation, i'd imagine
        
           | jakelazaroff wrote:
           | According to a comment on another thread [1], their annual
           | revenue is $40M. That's a valuation of 275x revenue. And they
           | were seeking to raise _another_ $400M at a $14B valuation [2]
           | -- 350x annual revenue! Truly mind boggling.
           | 
           | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31510453
           | 
           | [2] https://www.theinformation.com/articles/bolt-seeks-
           | valuation...
        
             | seibelj wrote:
             | I also wonder if that revenue is just the payments they
             | process. If so then true revenue is probably ~2.5% of that.
        
               | jakelazaroff wrote:
               | As shady as this company is, I would honestly be shocked
               | if they counted the full value of the payment processed
               | as revenue.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | dghlsakjg wrote:
           | Also isn't this in somewhat direct competition with Apple
           | Pay, Google Pay, Amazon Pay and Stripe?
           | 
           | I would not want to bet against any one of those companies,
           | let alone ALL of them.
        
             | icelancer wrote:
             | Correct, and you didn't even name their toughest competitor
             | - Shopify's one-click checkout.
        
               | dghlsakjg wrote:
               | Isn't shopify one-click limited to stores on their
               | platform?
        
         | notesinthefield wrote:
         | Id be thrilled about the bootcamp scene if Bolt were a direct
         | result of it. But I doubt many are excited any more than
         | motivated to do better.
        
         | ceejayoz wrote:
         | I do; I've found the reduced friction of Apple Pay and
         | Shopify's ShopPay offerings to be very, very nice from a user
         | perspective.
         | 
         | What I don't get is thinking it's so massively compelling as a
         | _competitor_ to these existing systems.
        
         | eatonphil wrote:
         | See also: the HN comment about Dropbox.
        
         | hotpotamus wrote:
         | How did an office sub-leasing company (Wework) become a tech
         | company that was supposed to change they way we live and work
         | and create the first trillionaire, or whatever craziness they
         | cooked up?
         | 
         | From what I've seen, you find a charismatic dude with a good
         | story that they probably even believe themselves, and another
         | dude with a lot of money who wants to make that into even more
         | money and you get them together. Then you find more believers.
         | 
         | It's more akin to religion than anything else, but employment
         | seems like the new religion for many - it's certainly an
         | integral part of identity.
        
           | 8ytecoder wrote:
           | How did a home rental company or a media rental company
           | become a tech company?
        
             | actusual wrote:
             | I'm confused about what you are trying to imply with your
             | question.
             | 
             | Either you are making an argument for "Netflix/AirBnB are
             | considered tech companies, so why not WeWork?". Or you are
             | saying that Netflix/AirBnB aren't actually tech companies?
             | Or are you implying that given enough time, WeWork would
             | have become a tech company, despite its non-technical
             | beginnings?
             | 
             | To compare AirBnB/Netflix to WeWork from a technology
             | standpoint doesn't make any sense IMO.
        
         | TuringNYC wrote:
         | Checkout is a problem that requires low latency, high
         | reliability, and difficult decisions about fraud to be decided
         | at the moment. These are hard problems which are interesting to
         | many engineers.
         | 
         | It is also a high-value problem, and thus there is compensation
         | to support the hard work.
        
         | Invictus0 wrote:
         | To be clear, your question is asking why smart people get
         | excited about simple things that provide a lot of value?
        
         | axg11 wrote:
         | Then you probably don't understand the value of any big tech
         | company? All of them are premised on ideas that are trivial on
         | the surface but involve difficult engineering challenges at
         | scale.
        
         | pevey wrote:
         | And it's a one-click checkout that they apparently don't event
         | WANT to be widely adopted. There is no pricing info on their
         | web site. It is a "call us" type of sales pipeline. I pointed
         | this out in another thread yesterday, and some people responded
         | that this is fine because it is geared toward enterprise. But
         | it's really not fine. It turns a lot of companies away, even
         | somewhat large one. And the nature of the product is that they
         | want network effects. They want it to be widely adopted. Trying
         | to do that from the largest companies down was a poor strategy.
         | The early adopters will be the mid-size companies with involved
         | owner willing to try something new. Then the enterprise sheep
         | and time-crunched small businesses will follow, after they see
         | others using it. But a meaningful portion of mid-sized
         | companies who are interested get lost in the very first step of
         | the funnel, when they get to the site and can't find even basic
         | information about how much it would cost.
         | 
         | Compare this to Stripe (which I currently use at 2 different
         | companies in 2 different industries) which manages to be very
         | transparent about all pricing and still have an enterprise
         | sales channel that can make larger deals with discounts.
        
         | rubiquity wrote:
         | I'm in no way defending Bolt, but your comment exudes snobbery
         | as well as ignorance about what should drive a company's
         | valuation. There are many incredible software engineers that
         | care far more about the problem at hand being solved than
         | whether the technical solution strokes their intellectual ego
         | or not. This type of punching down at other software developers
         | really isn't good.
        
         | icelancer wrote:
         | >> How can fellow SWEs who learnt about kernels, networks and
         | hardware (among other incredibly complicated works) get excited
         | about ONE CLICK CHECKOUT?
         | 
         | I'd be willing to bet like 80-90% of SWEs are just people who
         | write code 9-5, have little passion for the job, and just
         | collect paychecks like most people in America. HN and Slashdot
         | and so forth provide a very skewed view on our profession.
         | 
         | So when Bolt offers people over-market wages for skills writing
         | JS/PHP and some basic database stuff... a four day work week...
         | strong culture of "doing enough" (aka Fried's mantra at
         | Basecamp), why not take it? It's just a job to them.
        
           | Apocryphon wrote:
           | I had a former coworker who has a doctorate in physics with
           | an emphasis in nuclear engineering, then a masters in CS. She
           | ended up coding Rails at a startup because it paid better.
           | The market demands its CRUD.
        
             | walleeee wrote:
             | hopefully the dip we're toppling into will do a number on
             | this kind of incentive
        
         | bpicolo wrote:
         | There are a lot of product-minded engineers out there (user-
         | facing outcomes focused). There are also a lot of engineers who
         | enjoy the engineering decisions and challenges at particular
         | stages of a company's growth. Both (and many others) are good
         | and healthy mindsets.
         | 
         | You don't have to be a kernel hacker to be a good or motivated
         | engineer.
        
         | FollowingTheDao wrote:
         | What you are experiencing is the cognitive dissonance upon
         | realizing that the last 14 years was nothing but a financial
         | mirage.
         | 
         | It is all unraveling now. No one was excited about "one click
         | checkout". They were excited about the ROI.
        
         | pjc50 wrote:
         | That was the original Amazon "one click" patent!
         | 
         | It's not the fellow SWEs that care, it's the observation that
         | every step removed from the checkout flow increases conversions
         | and therefore revenue.
        
         | aluva wrote:
         | There is some truth to this, not the job for everyone. I
         | personally know the current CEO and I was surprised when he
         | joined the company as CTO. As far as I know CTO at the very
         | least should be familiar with latest and greatest technology.
        
       | ilamont wrote:
       | _Bolt Financial yesterday laid off one-third of its workforce,
       | just months after raising $355 million in VC funding at nearly an
       | $11 billion valuation._
       | 
       | Serious question: Does this company have a future? Does it have
       | any value, either as a profit-generating venture or sold to an
       | acquiring company?
        
       | tomatowurst wrote:
       | This type of gross negligence and incompetence from Ryan really
       | makes me doubt his twitter claims about YC, Sequoia and NYT.
       | 
       | It's starting to make sense that he did to shift the blame and
       | deflect.
       | 
       | Having said that I don't think this is going to play out well for
       | him. It was a huge mistake to get half of your staff to take on
       | personal debt for stock options that mount to nothing.
        
         | ldjkfkdsjnv wrote:
         | Yeah the picture is getting clearer. When he made those posts,
         | bolt was failing and he knew it. Those were frustrations coming
         | out. He got pushed out and then not long after the layoffs
         | begin.
        
       | lumost wrote:
       | The tax benefits of options over RSUs are _vastly_ overstated
       | relative to the risks. At the end of the day, you 're going to
       | save ~15% on the total exercise through options compared to RSUs.
       | That's 15% of what for many people may be a 5-10 year investment
       | horizon.
       | 
       | The risk you take on as an employee with those options is _much_
       | greater than 15%. If you have used loans to purchase the options,
       | you have a substantial risk of being underwater.
       | 
       | It's time we callout options for what they are, a way for
       | companies to protect their equity pool while being able to sell a
       | story that the options are going to shoot through the moon.
        
         | renewiltord wrote:
         | So you grant stock and that's taxed at grant or you grant RSUs
         | that convert at vest and are taxed at vest. But the stock is
         | not liquid. How are you going to pay the tax. At least, with
         | options you can just choose to sit on them. One of my friends
         | walked away from an options grant and I exercised only when I
         | wanted to. No tax implication till exercise. That's a big
         | advantage.
         | 
         | Early exercise is a big play. You do it if you're super early
         | and super confident. You don't have to. Pretty traditional if
         | you're early enough since it's cheap.
        
           | lumost wrote:
           | RSUs are only taxed when the company is liquid, not when they
           | are vested (which is one and the same post IPO).
           | 
           | So the tax free options are really just locking in long term
           | cap gains. Of course the con is that it's not actual
           | compensation as the stroke will be equal to the present
           | valuation.
        
       | smol_pkg wrote:
       | I remember interviewing with them about 2-3 years ago. Everyone
       | seemed very enthused, but no one was able to clearly articulate
       | for me what it was that made their product/offerings different.
       | 
       | Glad I dodged that bullet
        
         | muh_gradle wrote:
         | I interviewed for them 6 months ago. At the time I was super
         | sad that I failed my system design interview, which is what
         | killed my chances. But man oh man am I glad now.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | Apocryphon wrote:
         | Kind of a shame that yet another one of the few startups
         | pushing for a four day work week turns out to be run by
         | incompetents (Treehouse), and another founder who challenges
         | the VC establishment turns out to be a two-faced charlatan
         | (Basecamp).
        
           | aluva wrote:
           | 4 day week is simply a PR effort. I have been following the
           | company on LinkedIn and even the current CEO put out "words
           | of wisdom" and he likes them himself.. weird
        
           | planarhobbit wrote:
           | Not to derail this thread but what's two faced and charlatan
           | about JF/DHH? Or are you referring to someone else?
        
             | Kindra wrote:
             | Pretty sure this is referring to the situation last year:
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27000945
        
             | sillysaurusx wrote:
             | Seconded. It's surprising to hear Basecamp referred to in
             | such a manner. Did something happen?
        
               | Apocryphon wrote:
               | The whole brouhaha that led to a mass exodus. I don't
               | know the specifics, but to alienate such a substantial
               | amount of a workforce after decades of pontificating on
               | the proper way to build company culture shows that the
               | wisdom they were hocking ain't what it's cracked up to
               | be.
        
         | themanmaran wrote:
         | Same here! I just looked back through my emails to see if it
         | was the same "Bolt" I remembered.
         | 
         | I always imagined it being a much smaller startup, not an $11B
         | valuation. And it seems the market has backed me up on that.
        
         | nr2x wrote:
         | ceo gives off Jim Jones vibes.
        
           | bogomipz wrote:
           | Indeed. Someone linked this Forbes profile of him in a post
           | yesterday:
           | 
           | https://www.forbes.com/sites/stevenbertoni/2022/04/04/meet-t.
           | ..
        
             | Doctor_Fegg wrote:
             | Wow. This is priceless. A longform recap of the infamous
             | Dave Morin interview.
             | 
             | > After sunset, he avoids electric lights and screens
             | because they disrupt his sleep. Instead, he lights candles
             | and plays a buffalo-skin drum (he made it himself with the
             | help of a local indigenous tribe) to wind down before bed.
        
               | FireBeyond wrote:
               | Hah, yes. Every so often I still read this for a laugh:
               | 
               | https://jesuschristsiliconvalley-
               | blog.tumblr.com/post/465392...
               | 
               | But yeah, oh boy, this guy took Dave Morin and said "Him.
               | He's my role model."
        
             | rychco wrote:
             | This looks like a parody straight out of the show Silicon
             | Valley.
        
       | bombcar wrote:
       | > A Bolt spokesperson says that only a "single digit" number of
       | laid-off employees took out the loans, despite more than 200
       | people losing their jobs, and that the aggregate amount was below
       | $200,000. Moreover, she says the company plans to "work with"
       | those individuals.
       | 
       | If the amount was less than $200k, which is about the salary for
       | a single employee these days, Bolt should just have annulled them
       | entirely. The PR alone would be worth more than the $200k.
        
         | pevey wrote:
         | But if they did that, it would set a precedent that is going to
         | come back to bite them when they have to let the rest of the
         | staff go eventually.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | bhouston wrote:
         | I am not sure that is fair -- what if someone decided to buy
         | out their vested shares with their own money? They would be
         | screwed while those who borrowed from Bolt wouldn't be. It is
         | just generally problematic.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | Sometimes being nice ends up being unfair. Given the "talk to
           | us we'll work something out" part of the message I bet that's
           | what Bolt is basically doing - in the cases where people are
           | now "screwed" they're going to arrange for a grant or
           | something to make people whole.
        
           | sfblah wrote:
           | Same problem with the student loan forgiveness being pushed
           | in the US currently. My cynical take is that they'd just do
           | the forgiveness and refuse to talk about the people in the
           | situation you described.
        
             | whywhywhywhy wrote:
             | Most of the attitude I've seen to that situation is "tough
             | luck, life isn't fair"... seemingly oblivious to their
             | original argument for forgiveness being it's unfair they're
             | saddled with that debt.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | There's no shortage of single-ply thinking in the world
               | of politics.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | Politics is a numbers game, though, not a moral one.
               | There are ~258M adults in the US. ~43M of them have
               | student loans. Already you can see a problem. 17% is
               | nowhere near a majority. If you are looking to make
               | people happy and vote for you, targeting a 17%
               | demographic is not an ideal strategy to begin with.
               | 
               | But some amount of the remaining 83% had student loans
               | and paid them off. Comments on HN and Reddit
               | notwithstanding, a non-trivial fraction of those will be
               | put off by a decision to forgive current student loans.
               | 
               | Some other amount of people, probably a majority, never
               | went to college to begin with. From their perspective,
               | you just gave free money to a minority of people who were
               | already privileged to begin with, by even being able to
               | go to college at any price.
               | 
               | This is not how you win elections, and politicians
               | primarily exist to win elections. It is entirely possible
               | that forgiving student loans would result in a net-
               | negative change in votes in the next election, and maybe
               | for a while after that.
               | 
               | At the very least they need to fix the underlying problem
               | before creating such a moral hazard, or the next round
               | will be much bigger. If they really want to buy votes
               | this way, it would probably be more effective to just
               | give yet another stimulus -- a nice, big one -- to every
               | voter in the country.
        
           | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
           | I am willing to bet no one did this.
        
             | gumby wrote:
             | Procedurally: It's been fairly common at early stages of
             | startups I've run but the amounts have always been so small
             | (few thousand $) that it's not really commensurate. I also
             | always put early exercise in the SOP (you can exercise
             | immediately to start the LTCG period, and vesting just
             | works in reverse: company can buy the shares back, and a
             | fraction of that right lapses every month). This is part of
             | the potential upside of working for an early stage startup.
             | 
             | I agree when it's 10s of thousands or more the optionality
             | isn't worth it for almost anyone. And it's hard to imagine
             | borrowing to exercise could _ever_ be worth it.
             | 
             | I've never encouraged or discouraged any employee from
             | making an exercise decision (I don't want to get the
             | liability of giving tax or investment advice). I don't even
             | encourage them to file 83(b) except that when I explain why
             | it's a pain _for the company_ if they don 't do so,
             | everyone has figured it out immediately :-).
        
             | renewiltord wrote:
             | Because the strike was high? Traditionally, it's what you
             | do at a startup if you're early stage.
        
             | fragmede wrote:
             | Why not? Greed is universal and it's a chance to buy in for
             | pennies on the dollar. We don't know their strike price or
             | 409a or any of the other relevant details.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _Bolt should just have annulled them entirely_
         | 
         | These loans were made cashlessly as part of an early option
         | exercise. That is steeped deeply in the internal revenue code.
         | The forgiven principal would be at the very least income. Then
         | the tax benefits from the early exercise would retroactively
         | apply with penalties and interest. All of this assuming the IRS
         | doesn't view the move as a heads I win (if the company does
         | well, a cashless loan produces early exercise tax benefits)
         | tails you lose (if the company does badly, the loan is forgiven
         | and there is no downside to the dodge).
         | 
         | I'm somewhat blown away by this whole thing. Leverage to
         | finance an already-leveraged derivatives position on illiquid
         | stock. From the issuer of said stock. Who is also the
         | borrower's employee. That's both risky and dodgy! Bolt
         | positions the "below $200,000" sum as a win. I don't see it
         | that way. That's below the lower bound of the accredited
         | investor income test. The people taking out these loans by
         | legal definition couldn't afford the risk. Yet Bolt doubled
         | down and gave them leverage?
        
           | slcjordan wrote:
           | Perhaps they plan to lay off a lot more of those employees in
           | the next round and they want to get the process figured out
           | early?
        
             | blinded wrote:
             | or they use the restructuring as a valid reason to do a
             | layoff and get rid of "dead weight"
        
           | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
           | This is sort of similar to what Evergrande was doing with
           | executives, right?
           | 
           | IIUC, Evergrande strongly "encouraged" execs to take loans
           | (secured against their income - which was considerable) to
           | buy Evergrande "investment products".
           | 
           | Obviously, this was just a way to pay employees with their
           | loan. If things blew up - the employee is completely screwed.
           | If things don't blow up (which seems unlikely when an
           | employer has reached this level of desperation) - then it's
           | still not clear it was worth the risk premium to the
           | employee.
           | 
           | This literally feels like something from a dystopian novel -
           | where you take out loans to get your salary - and you only
           | actually make money if your company grows 10x in one year -
           | and even in that case your benefit is slim - while the VCs
           | and founders walk off with 85% of the gains.
           | 
           | Hardly anyone understands finance - and most people
           | underestimate how greedy some people can be. I feel like
           | there would be no end to suckers who would fall for this
           | trap.
        
             | rangersanger wrote:
             | >this was just a way to pay employees with their loan
             | 
             | This feels like a more complex, insidious version of
             | company scrip. At the end of the day, you're getting paid
             | in fake company money that's worthless if they go belly up.
        
               | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
               | It is not worthless! That's typical startup equity
               | (common stock for employees at least).
               | 
               | The whole point is you're in debt (against worthless
               | equity). It's negative worth!
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _where you take out loans get your salary - and you only
             | actually make money if your company grows 10x in one year -
             | and even in that case your benefit is slim - while the VCs
             | and founders walk off with 85% of the gains_
             | 
             | Better: the VCs own stock with liquidation preference over
             | the common stock they loaned you money to buy. If there's
             | venture debt, they are also part of the estate that will be
             | paid by those loans if the company goes bankrupt.
             | 
             | This all smells. Especially given, to my knowledge, Bolt
             | didn't let even its employees take liquidity in their
             | shares through traditional channels.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | Can the SEC pursue Bolt for this?
        
               | berberous wrote:
               | For what? This thread is full of misunderstandings. What
               | is it you think Bolt did that the SEC should pursue them
               | for? If it's alleged they fraudulently hid risks, etc.,
               | it's one thing, but so far all that seems to have
               | occurred is they offered something that has pros/cons,
               | disclosed risks, half wanted to take the risk for the
               | pros, and in hindsight, perhaps it was a bad deal since
               | valuations are tanking industry wide.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _what is it you think Bolt did that the SEC should
               | pursue them for?_
               | 
               | Bolt offered, with multiple conflicts of interest, what
               | are essentially margin loans to potentially
               | unsophisticated borrowers. The $300 credit for a
               | financial advisor the CEO tweeted about should, alone, be
               | presumptive.
               | 
               | To be clear, I don't think anyone did anything
               | intentionally wrong. (Also, I learned about this
               | yesterday, so there's that.) But wanton incompetence
               | bordering on--perhaps crossing into--negligence, enabled
               | by a Board that absolutely should have known better, can
               | and should create liability.
        
               | berberous wrote:
               | What conflict of interest?
               | 
               | The company tried to do something beneficial for its
               | employees, although perhaps it was misguided. They gained
               | nothing here except the marketing benefit of trying to be
               | employee friendly.
               | 
               | Margin loans are risky because you can get liquidated and
               | lose your other principal. This was a cashless loan, that
               | was only 50% recourse, so the only risk is that you may
               | have to pay back half of what you bought the stock at if
               | it ends up worthless.
               | 
               | I don't think there was any incompetence or negligence
               | here, and even if there was some incompetence, that's not
               | a theory of liability.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _What conflict of interest?_
               | 
               | Issuer is the lender is the employer. This is a mess of
               | conflicts.
               | 
               | > _company tried to do something beneficial for its
               | employees, although perhaps it was misguided_
               | 
               | I agree. (Though it ignores the stupidly simple, entirely
               | common alternative: cut the loan crap and just give them
               | the money.)
               | 
               | > _was a cashless loan, that was only 50% recourse, so
               | the only risk is that you may have to pay back half of
               | what you bought the stock at if it ends up worthless_
               | 
               | For that 50%, it's identical to a margin loan. We
               | regulate those because lending against magic numbers that
               | go up is a consistent failure mode in capital markets.
        
               | chris11 wrote:
               | Employers cannot replace financial advice from an advisor
               | with a fiduciary duty. Providing general education is
               | good, and so is getting them free sessions with a
               | financial advisor. But I don't totally agree they should
               | be liable.
               | 
               | This was an incredibly risky program, and I don't
               | understand how Bolt was valued last year. But engineers
               | were potentially sitting on a life changing amount of
               | money. Not exercising could have cost engineers hundreds
               | of thousands in additional taxes if Bolt had a great IPO.
               | They needed to get financial advice from an independent
               | advisor.
        
               | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
               | The VAST majority of employees at Bolt would not get
               | life-changing amounts of money at an $11B valuation.
               | 
               | Unfortunately, they'll probably never be able to sell
               | their shares for even a fraction of that amount anyway.
               | 
               | The first 5 engineers would be incredibly lucky if they
               | got 0.1% - who knows how many of them fully vested and
               | still have shares. I'm guessing less than half. There's
               | MAYBE one person who _was_ looking at close to $11M.
               | 
               | Engineers after that would be incredibly lucky to even
               | get 0.01% of the company. That's $1.1M. Again - I'd be
               | surprised if there's even 5 fully vested that still have
               | shares.
               | 
               | And even if they still have the shares, they'll be lucky
               | to sell them at a $2B valuation - let alone $11B. So cut
               | those numbers by 1/5th (or more).
               | 
               | Bolt would've been a SCREAMING success for a startup.
               | Unless you were engineer #1-5 - you'd be better off as an
               | L4 at FAANG.
        
               | fnordpiglet wrote:
               | No, and not just because it's not a publicly traded
               | security. They did nothing illegal. Maybe it should be
               | but sadly it's not.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _it's not a publicly traded security_
               | 
               | FYI, this is irrelevant with respect to the SEC's
               | jurisdiction [1].
               | 
               | [1] https://www.sec.gov/oiea/investor-alerts-
               | bulletins/ib_privat...
        
               | fnordpiglet wrote:
               | Your link outlined that unregistered securities don't
               | have oversight by the SEC and outlined how you better be
               | careful what you're getting into. It didn't outline how
               | the SEC regulates them beyond limits on what you can do
               | with them without registering them. They wouldn't be
               | generally involved in non public shares agreements.
        
           | dhd415 wrote:
           | >>I'm somewhat blown away by this whole thing. Leverage to
           | finance an already-leveraged derivatives position on illiquid
           | stock. From the issuer of said stock. Who is also the
           | borrower's employee. That's both risky and dodgy!<<
           | 
           | It's risky, but not necessarily dodgy. Many employers do not
           | even permit early exercise and I wish more did as I could
           | have substantially reduced my tax burden in some situations.
           | Taking loans for early exercise is risky, but ultimately,
           | we're adults who are responsible for our own decisions.
           | Certainly it would be bad if Bolt misled employees into
           | thinking it was a risk-less proposition, but I've not heard
           | anyone claiming that.
           | 
           | >>Bolt positions the "below $200,000" sum as a win. I don't
           | see it that way. That's below the lower bound of the
           | accredited investor income test. The people taking out these
           | loans by legal definition couldn't afford the risk. Yet Bolt
           | doubled down and gave them leverage?<<
           | 
           | If the aggregate loan amount to laid-off employees was $200k,
           | that says nothing about whether they qualified as accredited
           | investors. Further, the accredited investor designation is an
           | arbitrary one. It's perfectly possible to not be an
           | accredited investor and still be able to afford the risk of
           | early option exercise.
        
             | mike10921 wrote:
             | "Taking loans for early exercise is risky, but ultimately,
             | we're adults who are responsible for our own decisions."
             | Yes, agree. If the situation was reversed and these
             | employees made money from their investment no one would be
             | complaining.
             | 
             | My guess is overall Bolt was actually being nice to their
             | employees and allowing them to get in early on the action
             | (i might be wrong but i've been in similar situations and
             | usually the intent is good)
        
               | chris11 wrote:
               | Agreed. The biggest issue I have with it is only having
               | 90 days to repay if you leave. I hope they company works
               | with those individuals, a few people might be in some
               | serious trouble. And I'm curious how much was loaned,
               | it's 200k just from the people who were laid off.
               | 
               | But I'm not sure how Bolt significantly benefit
               | financially from this program. And $200k is not a ton of
               | money for a unicorn. If you're an early employee at a
               | unicorn you can work with 3rd parties to make more
               | aggressive financial decisions.
        
               | dhd415 wrote:
               | I agree. I don't see any way that Bolt benefits from
               | having outstanding loans to employees for early option
               | exercise, so all this criticism of them seems misplaced.
               | Say what you want about their business model, valuation,
               | etc., but this looks to me like an honest attempt to help
               | employees with early option exercises. Stock options are
               | risky at any juncture, but I appreciate having the option
               | to exercise early as the tax benefits can be substantial.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | yardstick wrote:
           | > These loans were made cashlessly as part of an early option
           | exercise. That is steeped deeply in the internal revenue
           | code. The forgiven principal would be at the very least
           | income. Then the tax benefits from the early exercise would
           | retroactively apply with penalties and interest.
           | 
           | I guess then the solution would be some form of redundancy
           | payment, sufficient after taxes to cover the loan. The ex-
           | employee could at their discretion use the payment to cover
           | the loan. Or not. This way you'd avoid IRS penalties.
        
           | Razengan wrote:
           | Can someone please ELI5 the parent comment?
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | Stock options (sometimes?) have an exercise date. If you
             | don't exercise by that date, you give up on the options.
             | 
             | But some of them would incur a tax liability at option
             | exercising (the IRS values the "gain" at "stock price -
             | option exercise price" and I believe now causes mark to
             | market at the exercise time?) which would need to be paid
             | also.
             | 
             | Bolt offered to loan people money to exercise their options
             | (and pay the tax?). But if Bolt forgives the loan, the IRS
             | will consider it as income to the loan recipient.
             | 
             | But even then, I'd much rather have a (income tax marginal
             | rate * loan amount) debt to pay than a (loan amount) one.
        
               | throwaway92394 wrote:
               | I'm more familiar with traditional retail options, but
               | I'm confused.
               | 
               | I understand why the employees would want a loan - they
               | need money to buy the shares required to exercise the
               | loan - and I guess they can't do it through a normal
               | broker?
               | 
               | If the employees Exercise-to-sell-to-cover or Exercise-
               | to-sell they should be fine right because they would have
               | closed the loan? This would explain why so many took the
               | loan but so few of the layoffs were affected.
               | 
               | Is the only issue the ones that didn't Exercise-to-sell?
               | I understand that tax will need to be paid but I'm not
               | sure what benefit they'd have would be?
               | 
               | Unless, its because the capital gains + loan rate <
               | income tax?
        
               | chris11 wrote:
               | It's short term capital gains vs long term.
               | 
               | If you don't exercise and just sell short term capital
               | gains tax applies.
               | 
               | If you exercise ISOs and hold long enough you pay AMT,
               | which can be refundable, and LTCG when you sell the
               | shares.
        
               | throwaway92394 wrote:
               | What happens if they waive the loan? Does it count as
               | LTCG + the income tax on the loan amount?
        
               | chris11 wrote:
               | I'm not sure what exactly would happen, but forgiven debt
               | is usually taxable.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | Bolt isn't public so there is no sale option.
               | 
               | You have to pay to exercise, pay taxes, and pray for a
               | sale option some future date.
        
               | neetdeth wrote:
               | > I'd much rather have a (income tax marginal rate * loan
               | amount) debt to pay than a (loan amount) one.
               | 
               | Depends on your ability to pay. In some cases a large
               | debt to a corporation is far preferable to a small debt
               | with the IRS.
        
           | tootie wrote:
           | This is like eating your own dog food then eating the dog.
        
           | pbreit wrote:
           | Why would employees exercise prior to departing and/or with
           | no exit in sight?
        
             | s1artibartfast wrote:
             | >Why would employees exercise prior to departing and/or
             | with no exit in sight?
             | 
             | Mainly to avoid taxes if stock price goes up.
             | 
             | If the price is $1 today and you exercise the option to buy
             | stock, you pay taxes on $1.
             | 
             | If the price goes up to $20, you pay taxes on $20.
             | 
             | If the company fails before you can sell, you loose moeny
             | in both cases. However, if you wait, you payed a lot more
             | taxes on stock that is worthless.
             | 
             | People can easily pay hundreds of thousands in taxes on
             | stock that they can never sell. Also, sometimes the stock
             | goes up so much that employees cant afford the tax bill to
             | exercise the option, because the stock cannot be sold until
             | IPO.
             | 
             | https://secfi.com/learn/exercise-stock-options-tax-
             | implicati...
             | 
             | https://carta.com/blog/equity-101-exercising-and-taxes/
        
             | ertemplin wrote:
             | This depends on how much regular income the employee has,
             | how much cash would be required to exercise the options and
             | personal risk tolerance, but it could potentially be a way
             | to avoid AMT tax (and instead pay long term capital gains
             | tax) when the company eventually has an IPO or other exit
             | and the employee decides to sell their equity.
        
             | chris11 wrote:
             | It's last year, and an employee wants to change jobs. But
             | tech is sky high, they are confident about the companies
             | future, and want to get the tax benefits of exercising
             | before they leave.
             | 
             | Or it's last year, and an employee wants to lock in the FMV
             | for AMT before the next round/IPO.
             | 
             | It's definitely an aggressive move, but I can understand
             | why someone would exercise.
        
       | rwhitman wrote:
       | I feel like this saga is going to conclude with a
       | Hulu/Netflix/HBO documentary where they end the series with an
       | interview of Ryan Breslow in his jail cell.
        
       | greatpostman wrote:
       | What people don't know is the CEO Ryan Breslinlow founded the
       | company that constructed the loans. He played both sides.
        
         | fundad wrote:
         | Do they think they can get people to pay money back after
         | terminating their employment?
        
           | jrochkind1 wrote:
           | "get" them to? I mean, by taking them to court and getting a
           | court order for a bank levy or wage garnishment if needed,
           | why not? If it's a legal debt, it's not really optional.
        
         | s_dev wrote:
         | He's a founder -- NOT the CEO who is Maju Kuruvilla. Ryan might
         | be CFO though so an executive.
        
           | ldjkfkdsjnv wrote:
           | He was the CEO for the majority of the time the company has
           | been around
        
           | mbesto wrote:
           | His title says Chairmen. It's worse - he's _ABOVE_ the CEO.
        
         | icelancer wrote:
         | People know this, it's being posted all over the Internet.
         | However, while I think Bolt is a ridiculous company - and
         | borderline scammy, check my comment history for my personal
         | dealings with them - I really doubt that Ryan was in a position
         | to seriously profit from these cashless loans.
         | 
         | I would guess Ryan set it up this way in compliance with IRS
         | regulations and on advice of his internal attorneys and
         | financial experts.
        
       | csours wrote:
       | My understanding is that stock grants to employees are no longer
       | tax advantaged and that's one reason they went away. I don't have
       | a deep understanding here, so if someone has a link to when this
       | changed, I'd appreciate it.
       | 
       | Was this mechanism intended to get around this tax problem and at
       | the same time help out the company?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | tempsy wrote:
       | This is why you should early exercise and file an 83B election
       | whenever possible.
       | 
       | Personally would avoid working at any startup that is in the
       | awkward middle stage and would require you to shell out six
       | figures just to exercise some questionable options especially
       | now. Either join a very small company in the early stages where
       | the valuation is still low or join a late stage or public company
       | where you vest RSUs and don't have to deal with options at all.
        
         | dehrmann wrote:
         | The gotcha with exercising early is you have less information
         | about an illiquid asset. The longer you can wait, the more time
         | you have to see if the company will succeed.
        
           | tempsy wrote:
           | if you leave the company you get a refund for whatever it is
           | you don't vest.
           | 
           | i feel like people who are acting like early exercise is
           | money down a black hole aren't aware that if the company is
           | going nowhere you will probably know that long before 4
           | years, in which case if you leave you get a refund for
           | unvested options. and even if you've vested shares you're
           | unsure about in many cases the company will offer to buyback
           | shares.
           | 
           | worst case it's a write off against capital gains.
        
         | gkoberger wrote:
         | Sure, but this isn't realistic. Like you said, most people
         | can't afford to exercise early. Even at a small company, most
         | people don't have an extra $10k to gamble on a startup that may
         | go nowhere.
         | 
         | This is what Bolt was trying to solve. They did it the wrong
         | way and hurt a lot of people, but they were trying to give
         | people the opportunity to exercise early.
         | 
         | The correct answer is a 10-year extended window. It's not
         | perfect, and there are downsides. But it's (currently) the
         | fairest way to issue stock options to employees. By the time it
         | comes time to exercise, the employee will be significantly de-
         | risked because they'll know how the company is doing.
        
           | tempsy wrote:
           | Define "most people". $10k maybe a lot for a new grad but
           | isn't if you've worked even just a few years, especially in a
           | high paying role in tech elsewhere.
        
             | gkoberger wrote:
             | If you're working at a small tech startup, you're likely
             | not making a huge salary. Good, sure, but not huge. It's
             | possible you left your high-paying FAANG job to be
             | developer #3 at a tiny little startup, but in my experience
             | this almost never happens.
             | 
             | Also, $10k is a lot of money. Even if you have it in
             | savings (and I'd agree a lot of tech people technically
             | do), it's a huge gamble on an unknown startup. You're
             | already gambling your time; now you're supposed to also
             | gamble your money?
        
               | tempsy wrote:
               | if that's truly how you feel why would you accept an
               | offer where that's how a significant percentage of your
               | compensation works?
               | 
               | these types of work environments self select for people
               | who are comfortable taking on risk. no one is forcing you
               | or anyone else to join.
        
               | bradj wrote:
               | People can have a variety of different comfort levels
               | with different kinds of risk. You're suggesting that
               | someone should consider a slightly lower salary + future
               | possible earnings on options as equivalent to slightly
               | lower salary + future possible earning on options - risk
               | of loss on early exercise. Some people work for startups,
               | some are angel investors, there is some overlap but it's
               | not 1:1 and it's because those are different types of
               | risk.
        
             | dopamean wrote:
             | I'm one of those "most people" right now.
             | 
             | I make a a great wage and have savings in the bank. However
             | I have a 6 month old baby at home and a wife who is taking
             | time off from her career to look after our baby. I also
             | left a job I was at for almost 5 years and exercised my
             | options on the way out. This cost me almost $30k in cash.
             | At my new job early exercising would cost me nearly $40k.
             | Spending $40k to early exercise this startup's equity grant
             | feels like it might be a little irresponsible. It wouldn't
             | surprise me at all if other people didn't have that much
             | lying around.
        
               | tempsy wrote:
               | These types of companies self select for people who are
               | comfortable taking on more risk. If this is your thought
               | process why would you even put yourself in a situation
               | where you pick an offer from a company that offers
               | options as part of your comp over RSUs or a public
               | company?
               | 
               | I don't doubt that many people have the same thought
               | process, but if I decline to early exercise from a
               | company that offers that option the alternative is a
               | massive tax bill down the road that I didn't need to pay
               | if the company does remotely well.
        
               | dopamean wrote:
               | I selected the company I'm at because they offered me the
               | highest salary of all the places I was interviewing. They
               | also have a product in domain I'm very familiar with and
               | are a size that would allow me to have a big impact on
               | the engineering org. Basically this opportunity checked
               | all the boxes I set out to check when I decided to leave
               | my last job.
               | 
               | I'll vest my options here without exercising and if they
               | turn into something one day that'll be nice. In the
               | meantime I'll collect the nice salary I negotiated for
               | myself and grow my career the way I wanted.
               | 
               | Edit:
               | 
               | A little clarification about my last role. I took that
               | job because they were using tech I wanted to learn and
               | they had a team I wanted to work with. They also offered
               | me salary that was a healthy bump from where I was at at
               | the time. I didn't early exercise those options back then
               | because I didn't know enough about the company to justify
               | plunking down the cash. After being there nearly 5 years
               | I believe in the company a lot and see the exercise as a
               | smart investment. I don't have that clarity yet for my
               | current role and so it just doesn't make sense to me to
               | early exercise.
        
           | gwbas1c wrote:
           | > The correct answer is a 10-year extended window
           | 
           | How would that work? Very few people stay in a tech job for
           | 10 years. I stayed in a software job for 9 years, until I was
           | laid off, and that's extremely unusual.
        
             | gkoberger wrote:
             | Normally, the exercise window starts when you leave and
             | lasts 90 days. The 10 years works the same way, except much
             | longer! It has nothing to do with how long you're at the
             | company (although some companies only trigger an extended
             | window after you've hit X years).
             | 
             | Here's more: https://zachholman.com/posts/fuck-your-90-day-
             | exercise-windo...
        
             | erichurkman wrote:
             | Most startups offer a 90 day window to exercise after you
             | leave. Some companies have extended that to longer (caveat
             | being they convert to NSO grants after 90 days).
        
       | SoftTalker wrote:
       | Is it time to spin up http://fuckedcompany.com/ again?
        
         | curuinor wrote:
         | daily wtf, which is stiiiill going, was also materially part of
         | that sorta thing, but they were successfully paranoid enough
         | not to get lawsuit threats until it wasn't worth it anymore
         | like fuckedcompany was. so sidling into the thing worked the
         | last turbomega tech crash
        
         | a4isms wrote:
         | Related: "Our Incredible Journey," which focuses on
         | acquisitions that involve shutting the acquired company's
         | products down and leaving their customers high and dry:
         | 
         | https://ourincrediblejourney.tumblr.com
        
         | Gunnerhead wrote:
         | No familiar with this. What was it about?
        
           | mgbmtl wrote:
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fucked_Company
           | 
           | "a "dot-com dead pool" that chronicled troubled and failing
           | companies in a unique and abrasive manner"
           | 
           | It was a nice counter-weigh to corporate PR-speak.
        
           | randomhodler84 wrote:
           | Startup Dead Pool. Fantasy football except betting when the
           | company will fail.
        
       | subsubzero wrote:
       | Boy do I hate how ISO options are treated by the IRS for startup
       | employees. It puts an insane amount of risk on the employee in
       | both coming up with the cash to exercise(bolt offered loans for
       | this part) and then the worst part, being taxed on unrealized
       | gains. The latter to me seems completely against how the rest of
       | the tax code when it comes to stock based assets. And it leaves
       | employees who are not well informed on these tax details in a
       | possible state of financial ruin should you have a stock
       | valuation jump, then exercise; then stock price goes down, hello
       | bankruptcy!. Its the prime reason I would never work for any
       | startup again that offers ISOs.
        
         | bpicolo wrote:
         | They ought to regulate how long employees have to purchase
         | vested options after departure or termination. If you had a 10
         | year window regulated, wouldn't be an issue.
         | 
         | It would probably make good outcomes less good (companies would
         | probably grant fewer options, or instead grant RSUs) but a much
         | better mean?
        
         | bpodgursky wrote:
         | - If you join as an early employee, your strike price is
         | minimal and this isn't a concern at all
         | 
         | - If you want to minimize risk in return for higher taxes (call
         | ~40%), just hold your ISOs and exercise-and-sell as a same-day
         | sale when you're liquid (ie forgo the tax advantages of ISOs).
         | There's absolutely no way for you to get screwed over if you're
         | willing to take the gain as standard income.
        
           | strikelaserclaw wrote:
           | except in cases where you are let go or decide to leave.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _except in cases where you are let go or decide to leave_
             | 
             | The IRS is only involved at the time of exercise [1][2].
             | Companies are the ones making ISOs expire, versus convert
             | to NSOs, three months following termination of employment.
             | 
             | [1] https://thestartuplawblog.com/incentive-stock-options-
             | post-t...
             | 
             | [2] https://www.cooleygo.com/isos-v-nsos-whats-the-
             | difference/
        
           | rconti wrote:
           | If you do your purchase and 89b election soon enough sure.
           | But if the value has ramped up too much before you realize
           | you should early exercise, you might (have) trigger(ed) AMT.
        
           | s1artibartfast wrote:
           | Sure, but nobody is complaining about taxes on penny options.
           | They complain about a 100k tax bill for an asset that is not
           | liquid and may never be worth anything.
        
           | paisawalla wrote:
           | But if you actually want to have and hold equity in a company
           | you helped build, and want the most favorable tax treatment,
           | you have to
           | 
           | 1. accept compensation in ISOs, likely taking a salary hit
           | 
           | 2. exercise, and pay AMT in the exercise year on the spread
           | 
           | 3. hold until you can sell, but at least for 12+ months so
           | you qualify for LTCG treatment
           | 
           | So you get hit with a lower cash comp in (1) which is an
           | opportunity cost. Then you have to pay taxes in (2) maybe
           | well before the stock is ever liquid in any way. Then you
           | still have to wait for liquidity (3).
           | 
           | Plus normally the company does not tell you, an ordinary
           | employee, when its beginning fundraising. If it did, you
           | could at least time your exercise so as to minimize spread.
           | 
           | Conversely if I want to take a bet on a public company which
           | I have no relationship to, I just buy and hold. Why is it
           | easier to get favorable treatment for a company I have
           | nothing to do with, versus one _that I helped build?_
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | mbesto wrote:
         | > It puts an insane amount of risk on the employee
         | 
         | The market is what dictates this. You don't have to take a
         | startup job.
         | 
         | Facebook, Google, etc. minted hundreds of millionaires when
         | they IPO'd. It's hard for me to feel bad for people who take
         | those risks.
         | 
         | I'd argue a whole lot of engineers should be much more
         | judicious about joining startups and ask for more options. If
         | engineers knew how to calculate startup risks better they'd
         | probably know there is too much equity is concentrated to too
         | few individuals (mainly founders).
        
           | subsubzero wrote:
           | you pick two out of thousands! Google IPO'd so long ago that
           | the rules regarding ISOs were different back then, strike
           | prices could be arbitrarily lowered to whatever value the
           | company wanted, not the maximum valuation as required by law
           | now.
           | 
           | https://www.sec.gov/news/testimony/2006/ts090606cc.htm
        
           | s1artibartfast wrote:
           | The market has nothing at all to do with ISO tax policy.
           | 
           | As OP said, it is taxing unrealized gains. It makes as much
           | sense as making employees pre-pay 10 years of income tax when
           | they start a job.
        
       | dang wrote:
       | Recent and related:
       | 
       |  _Bolt announces layoffs_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31507599 - May 2022 (512
       | comments)
        
       | bastawhiz wrote:
       | Maybe someone can clarify this for me, because I'm not sure I
       | understand how this is possible: when the loans were announced,
       | it was said that ~half of employees took the loan. But here, when
       | 200 people were laid off, only a "single digit" number of
       | employees that were let go had these loans. Even if that number
       | is 9, that's like 4.5% of the laid off employees.
       | 
       | How is that possible, except by Bolt explicitly not laying off
       | employees with loans? I don't know if such a thing is illegal,
       | but "you are indebted to us so we'll give you preferential
       | treatment" doesn't feel _not_ illegal.
        
         | LatteLazy wrote:
         | (Not) Owing the company money isn't a protected class. Also,
         | presumably they laid off newer employees who were there for the
         | loans?
        
         | czbond wrote:
         | You need more facts - the loans may not be an even distribution
         | across 50%; I expect loan support was skewed towards the upper
         | part of the pyramid
         | 
         | Example - some staff may not have had loans/shares (eg;
         | customer support, etc) and the loans may be for senior and up
         | roles who have enough shares to worry about the high taxes on
         | shares.
        
           | kaesar14 wrote:
           | I don't understand though, the layoffs affected a third of
           | the company and eng was involved, how could 33% of the
           | workforce be laid off with over half taking loans lead to
           | single digit people in this situation? Numbers don't add up
           | imo.
        
             | in_cahoots wrote:
             | If the company was growing rapidly, then maybe 33% of the
             | workforce hadn't vested yet?
        
               | berberous wrote:
               | Yeah, if they laid off new folks who started less than a
               | year ago, none of those people would have vested. And in
               | a rapidly growing company, the new hires can be a big
               | portion of the company.
        
               | umeshunni wrote:
               | And are typically the mostly likely to get laid off.
        
         | devrand wrote:
         | Did they have significant growth recently? It's possible
         | they're laying off mostly newer employees who may not have even
         | vested yet.
        
         | burneraccountt wrote:
         | Could be simpler: the half of employees number could have been
         | a lie?
        
         | lbarrow wrote:
         | This is pretty straightforward to explain without any nefarious
         | things going on:                 * You don't need to take out a
         | loan to exercise your options until you vest some options,
         | which would typically take a least a year       * Bolt grew
         | really quickly and so had a high % of employees with low tenure
         | * The layoffs disproportionally affected newer employees, which
         | is extremely common and reasonable
         | 
         | If the people laid off were mostly people hired within the last
         | year who had no reason to take out the loan yet, then you'd get
         | a result like what we saw.
         | 
         | (All that said -- these loans are an absolutely terrible idea
         | and I think offering them is irresponsible.)
        
         | achow wrote:
         | Doesn't this from the article clarifies that?
         | 
         |  _Maybe the layoffs were mostly of newer, unvested employees._
        
         | dehrmann wrote:
         | > "you are indebted to us so we'll give you preferential
         | treatment" doesn't feel _not_ illegal.
         | 
         | It's not on the list of protected classes in CA, and CA has at-
         | will employment, so it's probably not illegal, but IANAL.
         | 
         | Also, as others have said, we're missing important information,
         | but offering the loans was obviously sketchy and sets up a bad
         | incentive structure.
        
       | Allower wrote:
        
       | w0de0 wrote:
       | This isn't a competent news article. I'm not commenting on Bolt
       | Financial's unethical choices, but simply on the poor, slightly
       | insulting Axios style and format.
       | 
       | Particularly egregious is the line which begins "Yes, it's
       | welcome news..." You are ostensibly the news, Axios - why are you
       | telling me how to feel about yourself? Axios repeats this pattern
       | frequently - their signature bulleted snippets of supposed fact
       | often being little more than tweets.
       | 
       | Also they carry obsequiously friendly reporting on Amazon
       | frequently.
        
       | hestefisk wrote:
       | So the firm borrowed money to employees?
        
         | madamelic wrote:
         | My understanding is that Bolt lined up loans for employees to
         | cover employees' tax burdens due to exercising their options.
         | 
         | In simpler words: Bolt helped employees take out personally
         | guaranteed loans to give Bolt money.
         | 
         | In the loan terms, if the employee leaves for any reason, the
         | employee owes Bolt the entire loan amount within 90 days of end
         | of employment.
        
           | hoofhearted wrote:
           | Doesn't all this smell ENRON'ish?
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | In what sense? Searching Enron's Wikipedia article I
             | couldn't find any references to employees getting loans to
             | buy stock. The only way they're similar is "dubious company
             | crashes and burns, employee's equity turn worthless", but
             | even then the similarity is limited because Enron was a
             | case of fraud and bolt isn't (at least to my knowledge).
        
               | solatic wrote:
               | A rather large number of Enron deals (where Enron
               | purchased an asset) were denominated in Enron stock
               | rather than in cash. Enron executives were compensated in
               | stock, with additional bonuses based on the stock value.
               | Everyone was happy until the stock started to dive, then
               | many of the underlying deals that were denominated in
               | stock reverted to cash because the stock price dropped
               | too low, etc.
               | 
               | It's Enron-ish because it's a deal that creates
               | additional demand for the stock, then when the price of
               | the stock rises, it's used as proof that doing deals with
               | company stock is profitable to all parties, which makes
               | it more enticing in the future. When the stock falls
               | (always unthinkable), the rank and file are holding the
               | bag.
        
               | fnordpiglet wrote:
               | Enron, Lehman, and similar had serious pressure to buy
               | company stocks including making it the default for a 401k
               | contribution. But afaik there was no equity financing by
               | the company. That said the culture was so heavy all in
               | corporate stock many, many employees lost everything.
               | 
               | Never hold company stock. If you work there you're
               | already incredibly long. Diversify.
        
             | hoofhearted wrote:
             | I was implying ENRON'ish in the sense of executives
             | encouraging employees to take huge risks on over inflated
             | sales numbers and the employees being left to hold the bag.
             | Not in the sense of shell companies and widespread
             | corporate corruption.
        
             | Apocryphon wrote:
             | It's less Enron and more like the financialization of
             | everything. Companies have so much capital they start
             | investing in other startups or try our harebrained schemes
             | like this, rather than spending it on R&D.
        
           | gitfan86 wrote:
           | The alternative these people had was to not exercise their
           | shares. Do we know when those shares expired? Could they have
           | waited until an exit to buy the options?
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | > to cover employees' tax burdens due to exercising their
           | options.
           | 
           | Not just the tax burdens, the exercise price as well
        
             | yardstick wrote:
             | > Not just the tax burdens, the exercise price as well
             | 
             | Sure, but the exercise price is effectively set by the
             | taxman. If you set it too low, they'll just charge more
             | tax.
             | 
             | See https://assets.fenwick.com/legacy/FenwickDocuments/409_
             | Valua...
             | 
             | "Employees, officers, directors and consultants who receive
             | stock options with exercise prices that cannot be shown to
             | be at or above the reasonably-determined FMV on the date of
             | grant face immediate tax on vesting at a combined federal
             | and state tax rate as high as 85% or more."
             | 
             | The game is rigged in the taxman's favour.
             | 
             | If the tax was calculated at the exercise (or grant!) date
             | but only due upon sale of the shares (or using those shares
             | as collateral to loans etc), the system would be a lot
             | fairer. Especially for illiquid shares in private
             | companies, where it may be years until you could receive
             | cold hard cash for your shares.
        
       | xwdv wrote:
       | Imagine if getting fired and immediately owing a vast sum of
       | money to your employer became a common practice at most
       | companies. Might lead the way to higher levels of employee
       | retention and may be seen as some kind of solution to people not
       | doing their jobs or doing the bare minimum just for a paycheck,
       | especially in undesirable but necessary jobs.
        
         | FollowingTheDao wrote:
         | What you are describing is indentured servitude. And might I
         | add that it is scary you even think this is close to a good
         | idea.
        
           | xwdv wrote:
           | I'm merely analyzing ideas. You'd probably turn blanch if you
           | attended some of the product development meetings that happen
           | behind closed doors at my employer.
        
         | floren wrote:
         | It's disgusting as hell so yes, I wouldn't be surprised to see
         | it in the next few years. Maybe when you start your new job,
         | you have to pay them a $10k deposit, which will "vest" back to
         | you over the next four years; quit early and it's gone!
        
           | umeshunni wrote:
           | This is/was actually a common practice in IT companies in
           | India, where you have to a pay back a 'bond' if you leave
           | within a year or something.
        
         | fundad wrote:
         | Imagine getting paid back by someone you just terminated. It's
         | fantasy, fuck these guys.
         | 
         | Seriously pay nothing back until you speak to a lawyer. Bolt
         | will be out of business by the time the loans go into
         | collection, then offer to settle for $1.
        
         | fnordpiglet wrote:
         | Sounds like precisely the opposite world I want to live in.
        
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