[HN Gopher] Why unprecedented birdflu outbreaks sweeping the wor...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Why unprecedented birdflu outbreaks sweeping the world are
       concerning scientists
        
       Author : rntn
       Score  : 76 points
       Date   : 2022-05-26 13:30 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nature.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nature.com)
        
       | tomatowurst wrote:
       | what if you have bird feeders in your garden, do you think they
       | pose a risk? These are small birds, are they susceptible?
       | 
       | Maybe I should move it.
        
       | kurupt213 wrote:
       | A novel human influenza would be way more devastating than covid
       | was. Sure, we know how to make influenza vaccines, but millions
       | could die before vaccines rolled out.
       | 
       | And influenza kills healthy young adults in addition to the very
       | young and very old. That is devastating from a demographic
       | standpoint. Covid's preying on the sick and elderly was tragic,
       | but not a threat that could destabilize countries from a
       | population standpoint.
        
         | charles_kaw wrote:
         | >millions could die before vaccines rolled out
         | 
         | Millions died from covid before vaccines rolled out
        
           | kurupt213 wrote:
           | But not millions of children and healthy young adults. Those
           | are very different outcomes from a public health standpoint
        
             | corrral wrote:
             | For the people who thought what we did this time was
             | "lockdowns" or "shutdowns" and that many folks' reactions
             | were "hysterical", the day when we have a pandemic that
             | hits young kids half as hard as Covid hit the elderly is
             | gonna be quite a surprise to them.
        
             | mschuster91 wrote:
             | On the other hand, long-covid is estimated to be at ~7% of
             | all infections, with 5.8% of infected being out of work for
             | longer than 4 weeks [1]. That is a pretty massive amount,
             | given how many people have been infected with covid in
             | total. I personally know two people who have been impacted
             | to the point they can't work even half a year post
             | infection - this virus is nothing to sneeze at.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.rki.de/SharedDocs/FAQ/NCOV2019/FAQ_Liste_Ge
             | sundh...
        
             | dehrmann wrote:
             | Exactly. Deaths and years unlived aren't necessarily
             | correlated.
        
       | sigspec wrote:
        
       | sandworm101 wrote:
       | Victoria BC recently imposed social distancing rules on wild
       | birds. People are being told to pull down feeders, to ignore
       | those birds now begging for food at the window. Good luck
       | enforcing that rule.
        
         | myth_drannon wrote:
         | It's actually controversial rule for bird feeders. It's not
         | conclusive that the bird feeders do more harm than help. Some
         | research indicates birds living near bird feeders have better
         | immune system and can cope with diseases better.
        
           | sandworm101 wrote:
           | I'm not sure it would even reduce their social distancing.
           | Maybe being more hungry increases their flocking behaviors.
        
           | sudden_dystopia wrote:
           | Yes, but they can still spread it to birds that don't have
           | that benefit. So does that make them a more viable disease
           | vector than if they just dropped dead?
        
         | wk_end wrote:
         | Hi fellow Victorian :)
         | 
         | To my knowledge, this isn't a "rule" that's "imposed" or
         | "enforced" by the city - the SPCA (which is not a government
         | agency, just a non-profit) has just asked people to do it
         | voluntarily.
        
           | xemoka wrote:
           | Another Vancouver Islander here, exactly as you say, there
           | has been no "rules" implemented by anyone in any government
           | position. This is the BC SPCA, a non-profit, asking people
           | with bird feeders to take them down:
           | https://spca.bc.ca/news/bird-salmonella-outbreak/
        
           | sandworm101 wrote:
           | Not actually there myself but was speaking to family there
           | about the issue. While it may not be a law enforced by cops,
           | Canadians are generally pretty good about following
           | announcements by groups like the SPCA.
        
         | eloff wrote:
         | That sounds like an article that should be in the Onion. Life
         | imitating art.
        
           | ryanklee wrote:
           | I've got to squint pretty hard to see this. Seems pretty
           | mundane and non-satirical to me. Birds have viruses and bird
           | sociality contributes to them. Just stands to reason that
           | controlling contributing factors like bird feeders would be
           | among the mitigation strategies.
        
         | colechristensen wrote:
         | I would just assume any source of food (say, an oak tree) would
         | concentrate birds and not feeding them in one place just means
         | they'll go somewhere else.
         | 
         | Trying to social distance wild animals seems to be the action
         | of a bird brained bureaucrat feeling like they needed to do
         | something with no evidence at all of it being effective.
        
           | m0llusk wrote:
           | The densities are completely different and result in
           | different patterns of use. Bird feeders distribute large
           | amounts of food from a small space. Large flocks of different
           | types of birds gather at feeders and may fight for access.
           | There is a big difference between a feeder having plenty of
           | seed and a tree having maybe some bugs and seeds on its many
           | branches.
        
           | robonerd wrote:
           | It seems like a manifestation of the old adage that when you
           | only have a hammer, every problem looks like a nail.
        
         | steve_adams_86 wrote:
         | I had no idea about this.
         | 
         | https://www.cheknews.ca/public-asked-to-remove-bird-feeders-...
         | 
         | My yard is crawling (hopping?) with birds all day, every day. I
         | don't even have feeders, though. Victoria is bird country.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | robonerd wrote:
         | > _People are being told to pull down feeders, to ignore those
         | birds now begging for food at the window. Good luck enforcing
         | that rule._
         | 
         | "Bird-feeder? No no, that's my squirrel feeder."
        
           | nick_ wrote:
           | An upside-down funnel on the pole (into the ground) solves
           | the squirrel feeder issue :)
        
             | hodgesrm wrote:
             | Perhaps, but only if you define the "issue" as squirrels
             | getting bored because the feeder is too easy to get into.
             | 
             | My favorite in this vein was a metal sleeve on the pole
             | holding the bird feeder that was held up by a weight inside
             | the pole. Squirrel climbs up sleeve, which then falls down
             | due to the squirrel's added weight. Disappointed squirrel
             | deposited back on the ground. It worked until one of the
             | squirrels chewed a hole in the pole and ate through the
             | cord holding the weight. This really happened on a bird
             | feeder belonging to a friend's parents. (Related question:
             | how on _earth_ did the squirrel figure that out?)
        
             | sandworm101 wrote:
             | It might slow them down a few _minutes_ but they will
             | figure it out. There is no such thing as a squirrel-proof
             | bird feeder.
        
               | klyrs wrote:
               | Not a stable one, anyway. A normal feeder, hung from a
               | drone flying 50' over a field, is squirrel-proof until
               | the battery runs out.
        
               | sandworm101 wrote:
               | Fifty feet in the air, swinging below a drones ... such a
               | feeder would also be bird-proof.
        
               | klyrs wrote:
               | broke: pffft, a trifling concern
               | 
               | woke: _three_ drones, to stabilize the swinging, and
               | hanging far enough that the noise wouldn 't be a bother.
               | 
               | bespoke: a 50' pole interrupted by a 500rpm lawnmower
               | blade at about 15' up, and topped with a bird feeder. The
               | only reason people think squirrel-proof bird feeders are
               | impossible is because they don't want to harm the
               | squirrels. (and, for the record, neither do I)
        
               | linuxlizard wrote:
               | My bird feeder does pretty well.
               | https://morebirds.com/collections/caged-squirrel-proof-
               | bird-...
               | 
               | Outside my office last winter:
               | https://imgur.com/gallery/LTVz9t0
        
             | wombatpm wrote:
             | Except when the squirrels can leap and land on the feeder
             | itself. There are few good squirrel solutions
        
             | pixl97 wrote:
             | Squirrel maze 1.0
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hFZFjoX2cGg
             | 
             | Squirrel maze 2.0
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DTvS9lvRxZ8
             | 
             | Oh, and be cautious with those squirrels....
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fpZZQ2ov4lc&t=30s
        
         | myth_drannon wrote:
         | P.E.I the same rules
        
       | sudden_dystopia wrote:
       | I'm worried about my 5 chickens and what happens if they catch
       | it(I know they will die but like does the USDA come knocking and
       | then burn my flock and coop to the ground?). I've taken down the
       | feeders and gotten a fake owl to try to get rid of birds in the
       | vicinity but they are still all over the place. There is not
       | really anything more I can do but lock them up in the coop all
       | summer but that would drive them nuts and could stress them out
       | to the point of death anyway. This sucks.
        
         | carabiner wrote:
         | Buy new ones if they die? Looks like they cost $20 each.
        
           | klondike_ wrote:
           | Prices would go up in a bird flu epidemic
        
         | javajosh wrote:
         | So this would be a very HN thing to do, but what about building
         | autonomous turrets that identify birds and shoot them with
         | something that scares them away? (Note that killing them is not
         | only distasteful, but adds another problem: those bird corpses
         | will attract other unwanted animals, so it's a non-starter
         | anyway).
         | 
         | EDIT: instead of downvoting, please comment so I can understand
         | why you don't like this idea.
        
           | rascul wrote:
           | > So this would be a very HN thing to do, but what about
           | building autonomous turrets that identify birds and shoot
           | them with something that scares them away?
           | 
           | Indeed it is a very HN thing to do:
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30642632
        
           | softcactus wrote:
           | There's nothing actually wrong with this idea but it does
           | read almost as satire. It sounds like an Onion article.
        
             | dehrmann wrote:
             | > Onion article
             | 
             | Remember ThinkGeek's SkyTag?
             | 
             | https://web.archive.org/web/20120218133853/http://www.think
             | g...
        
           | rolph wrote:
           | just putting in 2 cents, first is the harsh reality of using
           | lethal means to defend a flock is not somthing most people
           | want to handle; second is a domestic flock is a smaller
           | priority than a large wild bird die off event. these are
           | reasons right there, but not reason enough for me
           | 
           | I would probably be raising chickens in something like a
           | greenhouse/pavillion, and using hygienic technique to
           | minimize crossover events.
        
           | redwall_hp wrote:
           | Obligatory mention that killing most birds is a federal crime
           | under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | javajosh wrote:
             | Well, yet _another_ good reason to just scare them away!
        
           | meibo wrote:
           | Your model would have to differentiate between birds and
           | chicken, sounds like an interesting problem to solve.
           | 
           | Playing a loud noise would probably be enough, but you
           | obviously don't want to scare your chickens, so maybe a auto-
           | aiming nerf gun that shoots 20cm below the detected target?.
        
             | junon wrote:
             | The noise would work for a week, tops. The birds would get
             | used to it.
        
               | wincy wrote:
               | Just actually shoot 1 in 100 or so and that'll keep them
               | away.
        
             | setr wrote:
             | I know chickens can fly a little, but I imagine they don't
             | really do so -- so only targeting and acting on things
             | above ground level should be largely sufficient
        
             | pixl97 wrote:
             | ERROR: UPS man is now detected as a buzzard.
        
             | derekp7 wrote:
             | > Your model would have to differentiate between birds and
             | chicken
             | 
             | Sounds like a job for XKCD 1425.
        
           | ssully wrote:
           | Possible alternative: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarecrow
        
             | javajosh wrote:
             | They said they tried a "fake owl", but yes maybe a human-
             | like scarecrow would work better. If so it would certainly
             | be simpler and cheaper!
        
             | takeda wrote:
             | Yeah that would work, but how will I be able to put it on
             | my resume?
        
               | muttled wrote:
               | If you could put constructing straw men on your resume
               | then you'd be competing with tons of internet trolls.
        
           | chasd00 wrote:
           | Put poison high off the ground out of reach of the chickens.
           | Eventually the birds will figure out that area is bad news
           | and avoid it.
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | Hum... Somebody posted an automated water pistol for scaring
           | pigeons not long ago.
        
           | _Microft wrote:
           | Another guess at tomorrow's top submission: _" Show HN: I
           | turned my coop into a 3D CAVE to keep my chickens from going
           | crazy"_ ;)
        
             | javajosh wrote:
             | Well, now that you mention it, it _would_ be interesting to
             | see if a screen, or the content of the screen, had any
             | impact on the chickens. Probably the easiest thing to
             | measure would be egg production, but you might be able to
             | measure  "well-being" in some way. (I don't know much about
             | chickens, but I've heard they are extremely stupid, so it
             | may have no impact.)
        
               | KineticLensman wrote:
               | > I don't know much about chickens, but I've heard they
               | are extremely stupid, so it may have no impact.
               | 
               | They are instinctive rather than intelligent, but
               | strongly exhibit stress symptoms when kept in tiny
               | overcrowded pens. A screen in an otherwise bare box might
               | not provide sufficient stimulation and reward, e.g. the
               | 'pleasure' of finding food when chasing small bugs across
               | the floor.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | rolph wrote:
               | they are very responsive to light spectrum; intensity;
               | and periodicity. you can manipulate egg production, and
               | breeding cycles by manipulating lighting parameters, and
               | providing specific nutritional supplements.
        
           | pjmorris wrote:
           | Ten years ago, somebody built a squirrel detector/watergun
           | combo to protect their bird feeders without harming the
           | squirrels, [0]
           | 
           | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QPgqfnKG_T4
        
         | pcan77 wrote:
         | Same, I live in CA and thankfully it hasn't been reported in CA
         | at all somehow. I live by a popular bird flyway so it's a tad
         | concerning.
        
         | peteradio wrote:
         | I'm under the impression song birds and the like don't really
         | transmit too well, mostly its waterfowl. Having ducks, geese
         | etc flapping about your yard would be something to worry about.
        
         | fmakunbound wrote:
         | Uh curious how your hens feel about the fake owl watching over
         | them.
        
           | actually_a_dog wrote:
           | Chickens don't seem all that smart to me. Either that, or
           | they've become so domesticated they just assume whatever is
           | going on around them is okay because humans are allowing it
           | to happen. In either case, my suspicion is that they won't
           | give a cluck about some silly fake owl hanging around their
           | coop.
        
         | kurupt213 wrote:
         | the poultry free range birds are being moved indoors and still
         | allowed to be labeled free range. The risk to flocks is so
         | great.
         | 
         | Sucks for everyone involved, but not as much as euthanizing the
         | flock
        
       | AftHurrahWinch wrote:
       | https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.02.11.479922v2....
       | "Intercontinental movement of H5 2.3.4.4 Highly Pathogenic Avian
       | Influenza A(H5N1) to the United States, 2021"
       | 
       | Bits I found interesting:
       | 
       | > The initial US detection was from a sample collected on
       | December 30, 2021 from a wigeon in Colleton County, South
       | Carolina (A/American_wigeon/South_Carolina/AH0195145/2021(H5N1),
       | GISAID [https://www.gisaid.org] accession no. EPI_ISL_9869760).
       | Immediately following this initial detection, there was an
       | additional wild bird detection in South Carolina
       | (A/bluewinged_teal/South_Carolina/AH0195150/2021(H5N1), GISAID
       | accession no. EPI_ISL_9876777) and detections in neighboring
       | North Carolina (Figure 1). Within six weeks there were 137
       | additional detections in wild birds, indicating high
       | susceptibility to a novel virus and continued dispersal. All
       | birds were apparently healthy hunter harvested dabbling ducks.
       | There was no detection of North American lineage IAV in any of
       | these samples.
       | 
       | ----------------------
       | 
       | State - Wild bird species - Number of Clade 2.3.4.4. HP IAV
       | Detections
       | 
       | ----------------------
       | 
       | South Carolina - American wigeon - 7
       | 
       | South Carolina - Blue-winged teal - 9
       | 
       | South Carolina - Gadwall - 7
       | 
       | South Carolina - Northern shoveler - 1
       | 
       | North Carolina - American green-winged teal - 9
       | 
       | North Carolina - Northern shoveler - 3
       | 
       | North Carolina - American wigeon - 51
       | 
       | North Carolina - Gadwall 15
       | 
       | North Carolina - Mallard 4
       | 
       | North Carolina - Northern pintail 3
       | 
       | North Carolina - Wood duck 1
       | 
       | Virginia - American green-winged teal - 2
       | 
       | Virginia - Mallard - 1
       | 
       | Florida - Blue-winged teal - 2
       | 
       | Delaware - American wigeon - 1
       | 
       | Delaware - Northern shoveler - 2
       | 
       | New Hampshire - Mallard - 20
       | 
       | ----------------------
       | 
       | Total Detections: 138
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | rubyist5eva wrote:
        
       | ars wrote:
       | " the virus killed roughly 10% of the breeding population of
       | barnacle geese"
       | 
       | Isn't that a very good thing? !0% is not enough to seriously harm
       | them, but it is enough to make sure that the survivors are
       | resistant. If it stays at 10%, then after a couple years the
       | birds should be immune to it.
        
       | at_compile_time wrote:
       | This wasn't the first virus spawned by animal agriculture, and it
       | won't be the last. I'm sure that people are genuinely concerned,
       | but their concern rarely leads them to question their
       | participation in the systems that cause these problems.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | cheese_van wrote:
       | In some gov circles, the scenario often postulated is that a bird
       | flu variant would be globally spread by Hajj pilgrims leaving
       | Mecca to return to their various homes. The average yearly Hajj
       | partipation is about 2.5 million people. It's estimated by some
       | that 500 million migratory birds pass through Saudi Arabia.
        
         | rcohngru wrote:
         | Couldn't the same be said for any major area that attracts
         | millions of visitors each year? Before covid ~30 million people
         | were visiting Paris each year from all over the world.
        
           | christkv wrote:
           | I think the concern is how packed people are during the
           | pilgrimage making it a perfect caldron of potential
           | infection. Like a packed concert but with millions.
        
           | onion2k wrote:
           | I would guess that the combination of migratory birds and
           | temporary visitors is what's important. Paris doesn't have
           | much in the way of migratory birds.
        
           | MengerSponge wrote:
           | The temporal distribution matters. Hajj is 2-3 million people
           | over something like 5 days. The next largest global event I
           | can imagine is the World Cup, which is estimated to be 1.5
           | million people distributed across several venues later this
           | year.
        
             | CommanderData wrote:
             | World Cup has copious amount of hookup culture (just look
             | through Tinder when the season plays in your city), Grindr
             | and general clubbing in these areas.
             | 
             | I've been a visitor during a World Cup and its not just the
             | football people go for.
             | 
             | There's even a term for it: World Cup fever, not just
             | isolated to world cups, many other sporting events have the
             | same problem of being super spreading events for STIs
             | https://sexualhealthbucks.nhs.uk/latest/world-cup-fever/
             | 
             | I'd also say prolonged contact and mingling is worse then a
             | short one like above, plenty of time to pub and club crawl,
             | sleep with multiple partners, allowing disease to expell
             | after its normal 5-6day incubation period.
        
           | pvg wrote:
           | No because the Hajj is time-specific. It also brings together
           | many people who might not otherwise travel.
        
         | Afforess wrote:
         | This just reads like straight racism against Middle Easterners
         | & Islam. There are billions of migratory birds in the USA and
         | much greater freedom of travel in the USA than Saudi Arabia.
         | Millions of tourists, business persons, and visitors come to
         | the US every day. And the US also has much higher numbers and
         | density of factory poultry farms.
         | 
         | There is no reason to make a complicated argument that the Bird
         | Flu will start in Saudi Arabia due to Islam. It will probably
         | start in the good ol' USA.
         | 
         | https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2018/09/more-4-billion-bird...
        
           | wincy wrote:
           | Remember when news media was condemning alarm about the
           | coronavirus as "racism?" Chinese people really were more
           | likely to have coronavirus though, you didn't need a degree
           | in demography to understand why.
           | 
           | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jan/28/canada-
           | chinese...
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | "Wuhan is crowded and it could spread quickly there" isn't
             | racist.
             | 
             | "And that's why I won't go to SF's Chinatown for lunch"
             | was, as is the racist harassment detailed in your link.
        
           | heavyset_go wrote:
           | I agree and disagree in some sense. We've seen countless
           | superspreader events in the US, and animal husbandry in the
           | US entails concentration camp-like conditions, which are the
           | perfect storm for disease development, rapid spread and
           | zoonosis. Our agricultural practices end up getting spread to
           | other markets so that they can remain competitive, which
           | means those perfect storms are spread all over the planet.
           | 
           | However, there's no reason to pick on the Middle East in
           | particular. Pilgrimages tend to get a lot of people from
           | disparate areas to convene in a small centralized area at the
           | same time. Research has shown pilgrimages in Europe were
           | responsible for spreading leprosy in the Middle Ages, for
           | example. Research has also shown that pilgrimages in
           | modernity act also as disease vectors, although not with
           | leprosy, with research studying the Hajj in particular,
           | showing a 78x increase in the spread of meningitis[1].
           | Similarly, there's been research on COVID cases stemming from
           | the Sturgis Rally in the US, suggesting that it was
           | responsible for hundreds of thousands of cases of the
           | disease[2].
           | 
           | [1] https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s
           | 128...
           | 
           | [2] https://docs.iza.org/dp13670.pdf
        
           | pvg wrote:
           | It's one of the largest annual gatherings around with the
           | kind of reach and population cross-section many large
           | gatherings don't have. The infectious disease risks are both
           | known and actively managed, you couldn't reasonably host the
           | thing without that, eg:
           | 
           | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24857703/
        
         | [deleted]
        
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       (page generated 2022-05-26 23:01 UTC)