[HN Gopher] History of 127/8 as localhost/loopback addresses (2021)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       History of 127/8 as localhost/loopback addresses (2021)
        
       Author : chha
       Score  : 93 points
       Date   : 2022-05-25 09:37 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (elists.isoc.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (elists.isoc.org)
        
       | CodesInChaos wrote:
       | What I don't understand is why IPv6 only has a single loopback
       | address, instead of a /8 or /16. This would enable cool things
       | like the OS mapping each subdomain of localhost to a distinct
       | IPv6 address.
        
         | Faaak wrote:
         | You can use ::ffff:0:0/96 or fc00::/7 for that.
        
         | kortex wrote:
         | Is it possible to just use ::ffff:0:0/96 to map them? e.g.
         | ::ffff:7f00:0/104 maps to 127/8
        
         | zinekeller wrote:
         | Everyone suggesting that ::ffff:0:0/96 is a solution should
         | note that not all network stacks are "unified". Windows' stack
         | isn't unified (try accessing http://[::ffff:7f00:1]/ while
         | having a loopback server and it won't work) and most non-Linux
         | embedded OSes separate the network stack for size reasons (to
         | the chagrin of IPv6 promoters, but most of them are simply
         | trying to fit something into the half-MB EEPROMS like how most
         | IoT devices don't have 5GHz Wifi support).
        
           | X-Istence wrote:
           | The server would need to bind to that address, and then it
           | should work fine as long as that address is assigned to a
           | loopback interface.
           | 
           | That's the same as any system right now. If I bind to
           | 127.0.0.1 I don't automatically get traffic for or listen on
           | 127.0.0.2
        
       | mikl wrote:
       | I guess this is related to the recent kerfuffle about to making
       | (most of) 127/8 publicly routable to stave off the IPv4 shortage
       | a little while longer.
       | 
       | We're just delaying the inevitable. Sooner or later, the band-aid
       | has got to come off. ~4 billion IP addresses are simply not
       | enough for ~8 billion people.
       | 
       | So maybe we should just refuse to pile on more hacks and force
       | the ISPs to get off their ass and upgrade their networks.
        
         | bbarnett wrote:
         | ipv6 is untenable. We need ipv4.1.
         | 
         | Just add another octlet at the start, but stored in the options
         | field. Old stuff won't get confused, and new stuff will know
         | that empty means 1.x.x.x.x.
         | 
         | Problem solved.
        
           | Beltalowda wrote:
           | The problem with this is that it requires hardware upgrades
           | across the world: your computer, router, all the world's
           | switches, a lot of software (e.g. software that stores IP
           | addresses as uint32, but also native types that map to
           | uint32), DNS infrastructure, etc. etc. etc.
           | 
           | This is basically the same problem as IPv6, except worse
           | since we'll start from zero.
           | 
           | In hindsight, clearly a better plan than "this is IPv6, it's
           | new, it's better, everyone will adopt it!" was needed for
           | IPv6, and it would have helped if the IPv6 people were a bit
           | more pragmatic from the start in their design (religious
           | opposition to NAT springs to mind), but now it's about 20 to
           | 25 years too late.
        
             | bbarnett wrote:
             | Easy to fix.
             | 
             | All we have to do, is explain that ipv6 reduces anonymity
             | online, and thus, makes it easier for predators to track
             | children. And thus, ipv6 endangers children!
             | 
             | This will enable a wellspring of governement grants, to
             | roll out firmware updates for switches and routers, etc.
             | 
             | See? A non-problem.
        
           | dtech wrote:
           | I fail to see how that is better than the already widely used
           | NAT
        
           | zokier wrote:
           | Over third of the world is happily using that untenable ipv6.
           | That train left the station long time ago and is chugging
           | along at steady pace now.
        
           | kortex wrote:
           | How does that solve anything? Any hardware is gonna try to
           | route packets to the "original" x.x.x.x and completely ignore
           | this option field.
        
         | Arubis wrote:
         | I hadn't heard about that proposal; do you have a link to
         | discussion/source? It sounds like a Bad Idea and I'm curious
         | for the arguments in favor.
        
           | placatedmayhem wrote:
           | https://www.ietf.org/archive/id/draft-schoen-intarea-
           | unicast...
        
             | blibble wrote:
             | that seems completely insane
             | 
             | that logic has been hard-coded inside every OS and vast
             | amounts of software for 30+ years
             | 
             | and to gain less than 0.8%?
             | 
             | they'd do better targeting the reserved multicast range
        
               | greyface- wrote:
               | > they'd do better targeting the reserved multicast range
               | 
               | https://www.ietf.org/archive/id/draft-schoen-intarea-
               | unicast...
        
               | justsomehnguy wrote:
               | > inside every OS and vast amounts of software for 30+
               | years
               | 
               | Ha. Ha. Ha.
               | 
               | > that logic has been hard-coded inside
               | 
               | The thing is what some things are literally hardcoded. I
               | have a whole bunch of network gear circa 2010 in
               | production.
               | 
               | It does support IPv6, but for the most part it is
               | extremely rudimentary. What do you want from a box what
               | implements SSH by running a telnet session over a no-auth
               | SSH session?
               | 
               | And while I can run the latest Windows/Linux/Whatever on
               | my _server_ gear, the network gear is not that simple to
               | upgrade.
        
               | vlan0 wrote:
               | >I have a whole bunch of network gear circa 2010 in
               | production
               | 
               | I ran into this 10 years ago. I decided to roll out IPv6
               | to clients. Router docs said it was supported. Then I
               | watched CPU usage peg because every packet hit the CPU.
               | Turns out it was implemented in software; no ASIC
               | support. Was quite the buzz kill.
        
             | Tsiklon wrote:
             | Ohh wow - I didn't think there were any serious proposals
             | for this, this sounds like madness.
        
             | kortex wrote:
             | What in the actual eff. Anything except actually switching
             | fully to ipv6, amirite?
             | 
             | Trying to see the most charitable position here - is there
             | an aspect in which redefining 127/8 to 127/16 across
             | billions of devices is actually feasible?
        
               | accountofme wrote:
               | I used to work tech support for an ISP years ago....
               | Trying to get people to find their modem and see if it
               | was plugged into the wall was effort.
               | 
               | Imagine trying to get the same people to upgrade router
               | firmware...... no chance
        
               | nybble41 wrote:
               | The router is the least of your problems. Consider all
               | the devices connected _to_ those routers which don 't
               | recognize 127/8 addresses as anything but loopback--some
               | of which may never receive updates at all, never mind
               | actually getting people to install them.
        
               | throw0101a wrote:
               | > _Imagine trying to get the same people to upgrade
               | router firmware...... no chance_
               | 
               | Which is why there are technical standards for the ISP to
               | do it from their end:
               | 
               | > _Technical Report 069 (TR-069) is a technical
               | specification of the Broadband Forum that defines an
               | application layer protocol for remote management and
               | provisioning of customer-premises equipment (CPE)
               | connected to an Internet Protocol (IP) network. TR-069
               | uses the CPE WAN Management Protocol (CWMP) which
               | provides support functions for auto-configuration,
               | software or firmware image management, software module
               | management, status and performance managements, and
               | diagnostics._
               | 
               | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TR-069
               | 
               | (At least on ISP-issued CPE.)
        
               | jSherz wrote:
               | I assume that most ISPs push out updates automatically
               | unless the hardware is user provided (and thus user
               | supported)? I've been through several rounds of "we're
               | sending you a new router" with UK ISPs where you're
               | aggressively reminded to switch.
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | This is why the ISP routers and modems have all
               | introduced remote updates from the ISP, sometimes going
               | further with extra telemetry[0]. Not a great situation
               | for those with the technical knowledge, but I don't think
               | we can expect people to upgrade their router FW on their
               | own.
               | 
               | 0: https://old.reddit.com/r/ATT/comments/mqfy9a/just_got_
               | our_ne...
        
               | wyager wrote:
               | I was pissed to learn that arris DOCSIS modems do not
               | allow you, the owner, to install firmware updates or
               | adjust most settings. Only the ISP gets to do that.
        
               | X-Istence wrote:
               | That's because bandwidth caps are enforced by the cable
               | modem and not further downstream. When you pay for 10
               | Mbps down, 1 Mbps up, that is enforced by the cable
               | modem.
               | 
               | Earlier versions of cable modems had flaws that allowed
               | consumers to push configs on the ethernet port and uncap
               | their cable modems and gain higher speeds than they had
               | paid for.
        
               | wyager wrote:
               | Yep, what a silly design. I almost want to hack it out of
               | spite.
        
               | bell-cot wrote:
               | If the ISP could add a paragraph to their T&C's, then
               | monitor the speed...
               | 
               | "Thank you for upgrading your service to our VVVIP Price
               | Tier! Your first three months as a VVVIP customer is 50%
               | off..."
        
               | vlan0 wrote:
               | >If the ISP could add a paragraph to their T&C's, then
               | monitor the speed...
               | 
               | They did, but the overhead at the time was high. And they
               | generally didn't peruse unless you were causing
               | trouble....or slipped up on OPSEC.
               | 
               | Cable ISP network security back in the day was horrid.
               | SNMP string would get leaked. With that you could
               | snmpwalk the entire node you were on. It was amusing.
        
             | twic wrote:
             | Expires: 12 May 2022
             | 
             | I couldn't find a newer edition, so hopefully this has gone
             | to the great standards track in the sky.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | A slightly more insane but maybe a bit more practical would
             | have been to try to move 10.x and friends into 127.x.
        
             | Arubis wrote:
             | Thank you. This is wild.
        
         | deknos wrote:
         | i would LOVE it, if there was some project which would test
         | popular appliances and linux at home, if v6(only) presents any
         | problems...
        
         | heretogetout wrote:
         | What are users of these ISPs missing out on my not having IPv6?
         | They need to rely on NAT for their devices, but that works fine
         | as far as they know. Their IoT devices need to connect to
         | remote servers instead of wait for remote servers to contact
         | them directly, but that won't change how users interact with
         | their devices so they won't care.
         | 
         | Maybe this isn't a serious enough crisis and we can just wait
         | til it becomes a real issue for users. When it does, it will
         | probably be incremental rather than catastrophic, so we'll
         | still have time to upgrade networks piecemeal, and with more
         | reason to do so.
        
           | throw0101a wrote:
           | > _What are users of these ISPs missing out on my not having
           | IPv6? They need to rely on NAT for their devices_ [...]
           | 
           | This assumes that they can even get an IPv4 address. New ISPs
           | and telcos may not be able to get enough IPv4 addresses to
           | assign each individual connection one.
           | 
           | So either (a) the CPE only gets an IPv6 address and they have
           | to use DNS64/NAT64 or 464XLAT to reach the IPv4 Internet, or
           | (b) the CPE gets a shared address space (100.64.0.0/10) IPv4
           | address and CG-NAT ensues:
           | 
           | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv4_shared_address_space
           | 
           | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrier-grade_NAT
           | 
           | In which case the end-user gets to deal with double-NATing
           | (first with their CPE/home router, and second by the ISP).
           | 
           | Case in point someone that is surprised that every customer
           | gets a public IP address and CG-NAT is not done:
           | 
           | * https://old.reddit.com/r/networking/comments/uw0qwy/
        
         | 1ncorrect wrote:
         | Any effort that may be applied to reclaiming v4 address space
         | will always be better directed to expanding global v6
         | connectivity.
        
           | yardstick wrote:
           | Wouldn't it involve mostly different groups of people?
           | 
           | IPv6 is now supported in the vast majority of operating
           | systems and routers and firewalls. It's now down to the
           | carriers/ISPs to configure their networks to use it.
           | 
           | Ie the IPv4 issue is a programming issue, while the IPv6
           | issue is an administration/configuration issue.
           | 
           | Ie Ciscos software engineers aren't the ones holding back
           | your ISP from turning on IPv6. Cisco engineers aren't toiling
           | away adding much needed missing IPv6 features.
           | 
           | Unless I've missed something?
        
             | nousermane wrote:
             | It's not that somebody is holding your ISP, it's that your
             | ISP doesn't see IPv6 as something that they should bother
             | doing (very low demand from customers).
             | 
             | And if that ISP happens to be one of those that decided
             | that their core competency is marketing, and outsourced
             | everything else, including network engineering... Well,
             | than they view IPv6 as something expensive/risky (in
             | project costs) in addition to useless.
        
               | dijit wrote:
               | > very low demand from customers
               | 
               | This actually pisses me off enormously.
               | 
               | It's not that there's low (or no) demand, it's that
               | people are not being recorded as having voiced this
               | concern.
               | 
               | I can say for certain that over the last ten years when
               | ISPs call to upsell their packages I always respond with
               | "I'm not going to upgrade unless it gives me ipv6". When
               | talking to new ISPs I always ask if they support ipv6 and
               | if not: when.
               | 
               | The answer is always "it's not on the roadmap, we don't
               | have any people requesting this"- the follow up I usually
               | ask is "are you going to write down anywhere that I am
               | requesting this? Because others could say the same" and
               | they always say that they won't record my interest, even
               | though it costs them an upsell or a sale.
               | 
               | So, I figured maybe I'm weird, maybe I am the only one. I
               | have no way of knowing.
               | 
               | Except; I met someone else who also does this- we have
               | the same ISP and they told him: "nobody has ever asked
               | for this" which is categorically untrue since _I_ have
               | asked for this.
               | 
               | We're being gaslit by the industry.
        
               | jrmg wrote:
               | > It's not that there's low (or no) demand, it's that
               | people are not being recorded as having voiced this
               | concern.
               | 
               | It's worse than that. People _complain about it being
               | on_. Look at any forums about home network or WiFi
               | troubleshooting and switching it off on your router will
               | often be in the 'first, do this' sort of answers.
               | 
               | Even here this often comes up. The sentiment is 'IPv4 has
               | to work reliably because so many people don't have IPv6
               | and things need to work for them. You're only asking for
               | trouble by also having IPv6'. As a practical matter it's
               | hard to argue with, but it's not a way to make
               | progress...
        
               | SSLy wrote:
               | That's because quite often ipv6 is either badly
               | implemented, or once you have it on, it changes ipv4 to
               | CGNAT mode (hello, Liberty Media)
        
               | Beltalowda wrote:
               | How many random people do you think will answer "yes" if
               | you ask them if they 1) know what IPv6 is, and 2) if they
               | want it?
               | 
               | Yeah, maybe some ISPs should be listening to their
               | customers more (I heard tales of ISPs in the US), but in
               | this they're not wrong: consumer demand really is low.
               | 
               | I've switched between IPv6-connected and IPv4-only quite
               | a few times over the last 20 years due to moving to
               | different countries with different options and was a
               | fairly "early adopter" back in the day with the tunnels
               | XS4ALL had, and even as a technical person I can't say I
               | ever noticed the difference.
        
               | baq wrote:
               | > How many random people do you think will answer "yes"
               | if you ask them if they 1) know what IPv6 is, and 2) if
               | they want it?
               | 
               | you can ask the same question about IPv4 and get same
               | answers.
        
               | Beltalowda wrote:
               | Yes, exactly. People don't care if they use IP or IPX or
               | whatnot; as long as it works. And IPv4 _does_ work, so
               | people don 't care.
        
               | dijit wrote:
               | > And IPv4 does work, so people don't care
               | 
               | I think this elides the point really.
               | 
               | People don't know when an issue is because of ipv4, for a
               | good example: network issues in online video games are
               | often caused by being unable to NAT punch, lag can also
               | be because connection information is relayed by some far
               | away STUN server. Same with in-game voice chat.
               | 
               | Usually you need to set port forwards to make games work
               | properly.
               | 
               | In the event of GCNAT a customer has no possible
               | recourse.
               | 
               | But nobody understands the issue is largely because of
               | IPv4, they just assume that's how it is, and assume the
               | same issue would exist with IPv6
        
               | nousermane wrote:
               | Games, audio/video calls, screen sharing - any peer-to-
               | peer traffic is a royal pain in the back with NAT and
               | CGNAT especially.
               | 
               | Larger providers (zoom, apple/facetime, twitch, ...) just
               | set up relay servers and avoid p2p altogether - which
               | cost money, increase latency/jitter, and decrease
               | privacy. You can argue all of that are hidden costs of
               | sticking to IPv4 for longer than we should have.
        
               | nousermane wrote:
               | Well, you can also ask general public whether they prefer
               | SAE or metric fasteners, or mix thereof, in their car,
               | and get the same blank stare in return.
               | 
               | But ask auto-mechanics, and hoo boy, will there be
               | opinions.
        
               | Beltalowda wrote:
               | Sure, but the argument was that there is a demand from
               | the general public/customers, and that's clearly not the
               | case.
        
               | Beltalowda wrote:
               | Furthermore, the lowest adoption tends to be in
               | developing countries (Africa, parts of Asia and South-
               | America), and I bet simple financial reasons are a decent
               | part of the reason for that, if not the primary reason.
               | The Indian government has invested quite a lot in IPv6,
               | so it's leading in adoption rates last time I checked.
               | This is good long-term thinking IMO, since developing
               | countries are also the worst affected due to less
               | addresses being assigned to them, but not every
               | (developing) country has the means for that, and there
               | are often other, more pressing, matters to deal with too.
               | 
               | Carrier-grade NAT (multiple consumers sharing the same
               | IPv4 address) mostly averted catastrophic problems
               | though. It's not perfect, but it works.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | yardstick wrote:
               | No disagreement there.
        
             | 1ncorrect wrote:
             | My point is more general. If you ever arrive at a notion
             | which involves an attempt to reclaim v4 address space, it's
             | a specious conclusion and you need to refactor your
             | premise.
             | 
             | A better use of your time and attention will be identifying
             | what, within your scope of influence, can be done to
             | further the reach of global v6 routing.
        
               | yardstick wrote:
               | For a lot of people involved in the making of networking
               | equipment, there is no scope of influence over increasing
               | the global reach of IPv6. Maybe the documentation and
               | sales folk.
               | 
               | I agree it's more important that IPv6 rolls out faster
               | and is more widely adopted today.
               | 
               | But as to your original claim " Any effort that may be
               | applied to reclaiming v4 address space will always be
               | better directed to expanding global v6 connectivity." is
               | a false dichotomy.
        
         | vlan0 wrote:
         | >So maybe we should just refuse to pile on more hacks and force
         | the ISPs to get off their ass and upgrade their networks.
         | 
         | I haven't recently looked at who has deployed what, but is this
         | really it? US ISPs like Spectrum has been handing out IPv6
         | addresses for years now. My Verizon wireless phone can access
         | IPv6 resources w/o issue as well.
         | 
         | However, show me the cloud services folks are implementing that
         | are dual stack. Start mandating new service deployment is dual
         | stack, and it'll happen. Similar to how the US Govt is pulling
         | it off.
        
           | WorldMaker wrote:
           | Right, consumer ISPs seem to be driving IPv6 adoption not
           | lagging it. It's Big Enterprise, including all the supposedly
           | "Cloud Native" companies, dragging their feet real hard right
           | now.
        
       | vesinisa wrote:
       | The best answer in this old thread (Jan 2021, be sure to open the
       | [thread] view) seems to be this:
       | 
       | https://elists.isoc.org/pipermail/internet-history/2021-Janu...
        
         | shadowgovt wrote:
         | This, coupled with the previous answer that because the class A
         | 127 had been reserved, it was hard to tell for backwards
         | compatibility reasons what shenanigans had gone on in that
         | whole subnet, seems to explain how we lost a whole class A
         | subnet to the same function.
        
       | gumby wrote:
       | Anyone who is convinced that we really could quickly transition
       | to a carbon-free energy future should consider the v4/v6
       | transition.
       | 
       | V6 has conquered big chunks of networking (mobile telephony) but
       | deploying a v6 on the wider, public internet remains pointless.
        
         | samwillis wrote:
         | Exactly, both won't (fully) happen until it's economically
         | essential to make the transition.
         | 
         | The parts of the internet stuck on v4 (hard wired IPSs) won't
         | move until is economical unviable to not use v6. Hopefully the
         | rapid increase in v4 IPs price will eventually push them to
         | sell off their addresses and move to v6.
         | 
         | In comparison, the parts of the economy dependent on oil/coal
         | won't move until its more expensive to continue.
        
           | CrazyStat wrote:
           | If only governments had some way of making it more expensive
           | to continue using fossil fuels.
        
             | chrlac wrote:
             | They could use further taxes but that would only negatively
             | affect the poorer strata of population, as we are currently
             | seeing with record high gas prices.
             | 
             | I have a hard time believing that big corporations can be
             | pressured with this kind of policies, seeing that they can
             | just pass on the extra costs down the line to the
             | customers.
        
               | gumby wrote:
               | > They could use further taxes but that would only
               | negatively affect the poorer strata of population, as we
               | are currently seeing with record high gas prices.
               | 
               | Cut subsidies and give more money to the poor.
        
               | coryrc wrote:
               | When do we base policy decisions on what's best for the
               | poor?
               | 
               | No, I say it's the middle class: they can only just
               | afford those big social signals they drive every day and
               | don't want to give them up.
        
         | disintegore wrote:
         | IPv4 is not an existential threat
        
           | gumby wrote:
           | Sure, the analogy is not perfect -- e.g. AFAIK there are no
           | subsidies for v4 as there are for fossil fuels.
           | 
           | As far as existential threats go: everybody thinks locally
           | and acts globally in most, if not all of their actions.
           | 
           | And existential threats and mortality are difficult for
           | people to deal with. In fact there's a whole branch of human
           | activity devoted to that topic (religion).
           | 
           | I don't mean to reduce the significance of the risk (I
           | dropped my other work and now work in climate repair myself)
           | but I think there is are fascinating and instructive lessons
           | to be learned from this example.
        
             | DonHopkins wrote:
             | The Internet with its AJAX/ReST architecture enabled by
             | JavaScript in the browser lets you "link globally, interact
             | locally"!
             | 
             | I just hope the Big AJAX Industry doesn't bribe congress to
             | subsidize Fossil Protocols such as XML and SOAP, just to
             | delay the transition to more environmentally friendly
             | technologies like JSON and ReST.
             | 
             | NOTE: This packet is sold by net wait, not by volume.
             | Packed as full as practicable by modern automatic
             | equipment, it was delayed the full net wait indicated. If
             | it does not appear full when opened, it is because contents
             | have been compressed during shipping and handling.
        
               | gumby wrote:
               | I had never before thought of "think globally, act
               | locally" as a description of the end-to-end principle.
        
               | DonHopkins wrote:
               | For most people it's just means-to-end principle.
               | 
               | By "everybody thinks locally and acts globally" are you
               | making fun of all that old hippie shit?
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Think_globally,_act_locally
               | 
               | Announcement: The new official slogan is "act globally,
               | act locally". Please update your programs.
        
               | gumby wrote:
               | Yes, regardless of ideals, I think my formulation is
               | accurate. Nobody thinks of the polar bears when they
               | drive their SUV a mile to pick up a loaf of bread.
        
               | DonHopkins wrote:
               | So "think provincially, act catastrophically". ;)
               | 
               | This classic 1973 paper by W Wulf and Mary Shaw of CMU
               | was the manifesto of the early anti-globalization
               | movement:
               | 
               | https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/953353.953355
        
         | aidenn0 wrote:
         | Except for the fact that McDonald's doesn't need to change
         | anything for an electric car to use their drive-through.
         | Literally the only thing that needs to change to move to
         | (hydrogen|electric|whatever) for transportation is the
         | refueling step. With IPv6 pretty much everything except the
         | wires needed upgrading.
        
           | p1mrx wrote:
           | Decarbonization isn't just about cars. Currently, many homes
           | have a furnace that burns fossil fuel, which can run from a
           | small generator during a power outage. That generator could
           | even use the same fuel as the furnace.
           | 
           | Switching to heat pumps means that our electric grids need to
           | become a lot more reliable, both in terms of weather
           | resistance and generation capacity.
        
             | aidenn0 wrote:
             | I have lived many places with gas furnaces, and one with an
             | oil furnace. None of them have worked when the power was
             | out. The only place I have lived that had central heat when
             | the power went out was an apartment with steam radiators.
             | 
             | All of the "currently need electricity" furnaces can be
             | replaced with heat pumps without improving reliability of
             | the grid. And if that is X% of the furnaces, we get X% of
             | the total benefit by doing so. With IPv6, as long as each
             | person accesses a single server node that is IPv4 only,
             | then each person needs an IPv4 address.
        
       | DonHopkins wrote:
       | In the days of NCP, before TCP/IP (aka ipv4), the original
       | ARPANET TIP manual "Users Guide to the Terminal Imp" (originally
       | written in 1971 by William Crowther, one of the authors of
       | Adventure) documents on page 5-4 the procedure for connecting an
       | input and output socket of one TIP to an input and output socket
       | of another TIP, through an unsuspecting host, so you could chat
       | back and forth directly between two TIP dial-ups, without
       | actually logging into the host.
       | 
       | https://archive.org/details/bitsavers_bbntipADA0eTerminalIMP...
       | 
       | It went something like @HOST #, @SEND TO SOCKET #, @RECEIVE FROM
       | SOCKET #, @PROTOCOL BOTH, making sure the sockets were different
       | parity so as not to violate the Anita Bryant clause with
       | homosocketuality:
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12422813
       | 
       | You could also add the octal device port number of any other TIP
       | user on your same TIP after the @ and before the command, to
       | execute those commands on their session. (See page 5-7, "Setting
       | Another Terminal's Parameters".) BBN wrote such great
       | documentation and would mail copies of it for free to anyone who
       | asked (that's how I got mine), you couldn't even call it security
       | by obscurity!
        
       | imgabe wrote:
       | Coincidentally, I'm reading _Where Wizards Stay Up Late_ about
       | the development of ARPANet and it says:
       | 
       | > In designing the IMPs, BBN made it possible to loop the host
       | and modem interfaces of the machine, so they could conduct
       | "loopback" tests. The loopback test, which could be performed
       | remotely, connected an IMP's output to its input, effectively
       | isolating the IMP from the rest of the network. This generated
       | test traffic through the interface and allowed BBN to check the
       | returning traffic against the outgoing traffic generated by the
       | IMP.
       | 
       | So it seems like it was in there from the very beginning. No
       | mention of the 127/8 address specifically though.
        
         | zrail wrote:
         | The IMPs used an internal protocol that IP rode on top of. Like
         | today, lots of networks use Ethernet at the physical layer
         | today.
        
         | Klaster_1 wrote:
         | Great book, read it after a recommendation here. Even though I
         | studied telecoms, the networking origins were still very hazy,
         | knowing how everything started changes the perspective. As a
         | software developer, I can even relate to some aspects of the
         | effort.
        
       | DonHopkins wrote:
       | Keith Henson (who happens to be an old friend of John Gilmore,
       | who wrote the internet-history post we're discussing) had to
       | explain a geeky in joke about the 127.0.0.1 local loopback
       | address, public ftp sites, secret copyrighted Scientologist OT
       | religious texts, and a great troll of the usenet
       | alt.religion.scientology group, in a legal deposition, under
       | oath, to Scientology lawyers, while rolling on the floor laughing
       | hysterically.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keith_Henson#Scientology
       | 
       | http://smokyhole.org/kh/kh.htm
       | 
       | http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/dsp.cgi?msg=6289
       | 
       | Readers of alt.religion.scientology were astonished to notice a
       | large collection of alleged secret, copyrighted and trade secret
       | protected documents of the church of scientology posted
       | anonymously over the weekend of May 5. An expert source known to
       | Biased Journalism verified the documents as authentic.
       | 
       | [snip--to transcript from a deposition of Keith Henson by the
       | "Church" of Scientology. Lieberman is their lawyer.]
       | 
       | Lieberman: do you know who Patrick J. Volk is?
       | 
       | Henson: to the best of my knowledge I've never heard of this
       | person.
       | 
       | Lieberman explains that Volk is apparently communicating from
       | some educational institution in Pittsburgh. Henson still doesn't
       | recognize the name. Lieberman hands Henson a document.
       | From: hkhenson@shell.portal.com (H Keith Henson)
       | Newsgroups: alt.religion.scientology         Subject: Re: OT
       | Materials...         Date: 6 Apr 1995 19:35:38 GMT
       | Parick J Volk (pjvst+@pitt.edu) wrote:         :    Screw the
       | courts....         :    I have an ftp site for all the OT
       | materials...         :    ftp:127.0.0.1
       | /pub/texts/news/alt/religion/scientology         :    I don't
       | know how long I'll have it up.         :    P J Volk         :
       | (alt.2600 lives! All hail the clams and trolls!)
       | Great stuff!  But don't you expect the 'ho to blow a gasket?
       | 
       | Henson: (cracks up) this is a great troll.
       | 
       | Lieberman: (acidly) you find this amusing?
       | 
       | Henson: yes. It's an in joke.
       | 
       | Lieberman quotes from the Volk post: "screw the courts" and also
       | says that he has an ftp site for all the OT materials. "Mr.
       | Henson is laughing hysterically about this posting for reasons
       | that I suppose he understands--" Henson offers to explain.
       | 
       | Lieberman: What's an ftp site?
       | 
       | Henson explains that ftp means file transfer protocol. You can
       | use almost any machine on the Internet to access a file on almost
       | any other machine, that has been placed in an ftp directory, he
       | says with relish. [He goes on at length about how this is done.]
       | 
       | Lieberman: Okay. "So when he said 'I have an ftp site for all the
       | OT materials,' he is saying he has all the OT materials on a site
       | which people can access." Was Henson aware of Patrick Volk's ftp
       | site? Does this refresh your recollection? he demands.
       | 
       | Henson: well, you see right after the colon, it says
       | ftp:127.0.0.1?
       | 
       | Lieberman: yes.
       | 
       | Henson: that's a loopback address.
       | 
       | Lieberman wants to pursue the question of the site with the OT
       | materials. Was Henson aware of Patrick Volk's ftp site?
       | 
       | Henson: (patiently) It's at 127.0.0.1. This is a loop back
       | address. This is a troll.
       | 
       | Lieberman: what's a troll?
       | 
       | Henson: it comes from the fishing where you troll a bait along in
       | the water and a fish will jump and bite the thing, and the idea
       | of it is that the internet is a very humorous place and it's
       | especially good to troll people who don't have any sense of humor
       | at all, and this is a troll because an ftp site of 127.0.0.1
       | doesn't go anywhere. It loops right back around into your own
       | machine.
       | 
       | Lieberman [not getting it]: So the idea here was to make the
       | church think that this person had an ftp site and to take action
       | against him and, in fact, he didn't have it; is that your point?
       | 
       | Henson: Oh, it's really humorous, and I picked up on it and
       | instantly added something to extend the troll. Extending the
       | trolls like this is an art form of the highest order.
       | 
       | Lieberman (acidly): I see. So this is part of your art form where
       | you say, "don't you expect the 'ho to blow a gasket?"
       | 
       | Henson: yes.
       | 
       | Lieberman (starting to lose his temper): so you do remember this
       | posting apparently?
       | 
       | Henson (helpfully): I can't remember for certain that I did this
       | one, and certainly I could not swear to any of the material on
       | here being letter perfect on it (but he goes on to say that it is
       | such a good one that he would be happy to take credit for it).
       | 
       | Lieberman: You find this whole thing kind of amusing, don't you?
       | 
       | Henson: Oh, this is screamingly funny.
       | 
       | Lieberman (no more Mr. Nice Guy): You find it amusing to make
       | Helena Kobrin and the church go after you or other people for
       | this sort of thing, whether you have the materials or not; is
       | that right?
       | 
       | Henson: It's a great game.
       | 
       | Lieberman: It is a great game. You really find it amusing, don't
       | you?
       | 
       | Henson: It's an extremely amusing thing.
       | 
       | Lieberman: All right. You find it amusing when you receive these
       | letters from Ms. Kobrin, the cease and desist letters? It's part
       | of the game; isn't it? [This goes on for awhile as Lieberman
       | hammers at the point. Henson reiterates that he is amused, and
       | wants to talk about the SP levels.]
       | 
       | Lieberman: You find it an amusing part of the game when you
       | receive these cease and desist letters, right?
       | 
       | Henson: No, no. It's not amusing, it's a major increment in
       | status.
       | 
       | Lieberman: I see. You feel this increases your status, right? On
       | the internet, on a.r.s.
       | 
       | Henson: Yes, absolutely.
       | 
       | Lieberman: All right. And it's all part of this game, right?
       | 
       | Henson: Absolutely.
       | 
       | Lieberman: It's all part of the troll, right?
       | 
       | Henson (waving exhibit): This is a great troll. I mean, anybody
       | in the computer business instantly would have spotted this,
       | ftp:127. In fact, it even says trolls in here (indicating). In
       | fact, this was cross-posted from --
       | 
       | Lieberman has heard more than enough about trolls: "There is no
       | question pending. You can hold your comments."
       | 
       | Lieberman (with an air of getting into the bizarre nature of the
       | situation): why did you think this would cause Ms. Kobrin to blow
       | a gasket?
       | 
       | Henson: this wasn't addressed to Helena. He goes on to explain
       | that the message is a loop back. If it worked at all it would be
       | a loopback to your own machine. If you tried it you'd discover
       | it's a troll. The 127 is the loopback address! It's a joke, but
       | the lawyer isn't getting it.
       | 
       | [The observer notices that the RTC lawyer has connected "the 'ho"
       | with Ms. Kobrin. Evidently the nickname has made transit to the
       | solid world. Ms. Kobrin is stuck with it for life.]
        
         | dale_glass wrote:
         | It works much better when you take advantage of the /8, and use
         | an address like 127.23.213.58 -- works just as well, but far
         | fewer people will catch on.
        
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       (page generated 2022-05-25 23:02 UTC)