[HN Gopher] Current guidelines for sun exposure are unhealthy an...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Current guidelines for sun exposure are unhealthy and unscientific
       - research
        
       Author : mmanfrin
       Score  : 295 points
       Date   : 2022-05-22 18:47 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.outsideonline.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.outsideonline.com)
        
       | next_xibalba wrote:
       | From the subtitle of the article:
       | 
       | > and quite possibly even racist
       | 
       | And I'm out.
       | 
       | Does racism exist? Of course.
       | 
       | Is everything everywhere always racism? Of course not.
        
         | DantesKite wrote:
         | I felt the same way. I don't like the disingenuous way the
         | article starts, because it really does dilute the serious
         | nature of racism. It shouldn't be something off-handedly used
         | to get a few more clicks on an article or to signal to your in-
         | group that you're virtuous.
        
         | renewiltord wrote:
         | Understandable, but I think you're missing out. Better to
         | ignore that stuff here if it bothers you. Interesting article.
        
           | twofornone wrote:
           | I strongly disagree. These accusatory virtue signals are
           | _everywhere_ , deliberate, and most importantly antithetical
           | to reason. Ignoring this stuff is how we ended up with
           | diversity quotas. We should all be pushing back at this
           | point, meritocracy is literally at stake when people are
           | hired for race/gender, and the dysfunction is already visible
           | across many of our institutions.
           | 
           | I came here to read an article about sunscreen, not be
           | implicitly lectured with distilled identity politics.
        
             | trompetenaccoun wrote:
             | Filter out the chatter and follow the actual information.
             | The article is on some online magazine site, who cares what
             | they write. The original study says nothing about race
             | whatsoever.
        
               | betwixthewires wrote:
               | I'm with you, but I take a different approach:
               | mercilessly mock the chatter and noise, discuss the
               | information. Encourage information, discourage senseless
               | garbage.
        
             | deanCommie wrote:
             | Diversity quotas irrespective of skill, and those that
             | denigrate meritocracy are antithetical to reason.
             | 
             | But from where I sit I do not see any diversity quotas that
             | choose race/gender over skill. There might be exceptions
             | somewhere, I won't lie. I only know about my corner which
             | is big tech hiring.
             | 
             | What I see is an acknowledgement that much selection in our
             | society (to universities, for jobs, etc) are subjective
             | decisions that incorporate objective and subjective
             | factors. Every student trying to get into Yale has perfect
             | GPA, SATs, and a list of extra-curricular activities as
             | long as my arm. So if they are equal on these measures, why
             | not bring in slightly more folks from races that have been
             | historically disadvantaged to offset past injustices? Is
             | that fair to white students? No. But there is no "fair" way
             | to make a choice like this.
             | 
             | Big tech hiring focus on diversity is much the same - the
             | bar is NOT lowered for women or anyone from a minority
             | race. The last step of hiring before an offer is an
             | objective test of programming ability. And nobody gets
             | through those except on merit. But the FIRST step of hiring
             | for multi-billion dollar companies is to sift through
             | thousands of interview applicants, or contact thousands of
             | applicants on LinkedIn with identical sounding resumes.
             | These steps are HIGHLY subjective and unscientific -
             | they're based on keywords, feel of recruiters, overindexing
             | on past signals (other big tech companies, big
             | universities, etc). The first "screen out" phase of hiring
             | has NEVER been a meritocracy. It's always been a gut feel
             | of who "feels" like they would be a successful candidate.
             | 
             | This is where the diversity initiatives are focused - to
             | try to shift the variables in a subjective non-meritocratic
             | process to - again - offset past racial discriminations to
             | try to even the playing field slightly.
             | 
             | I ask you to have patience with "being lectured about
             | identity politics". I ask you to wonder why you find virtue
             | signals "accusatory" if they're not talking to you or about
             | you. Don't discount those talking about this subject as
             | "woke", or "virtue signalers" or "social justice warriors".
             | 
             | Some of them are overly angry and vitriolic, yes. Some are
             | tired of explaining concepts that are clear and for granted
             | to them, thinking that at this point anyone that disagrees
             | is simply an agitator. Not all show good faith. Some are in
             | it for themselves, and the glory of being holier-than-thou.
             | I'm not going to pretend that doesn't exist.
             | 
             | But most of the concepts being discussed are sound. And
             | there is a lot of fire behind the smoke. There is a lot of
             | past, present, and future "racism" that still needs to be
             | understood, and addressed.
        
               | BlargMcLarg wrote:
               | Shorter people (relative to their gender) systematically
               | earn less. Yet we aren't in uproar about this, and they
               | are still allowed to be the butt of many jokes.
               | 
               | Introversion is still taken poorly, as if it is a sin.
               | Despite introversion having almost no relation to job
               | performance without further context.
               | 
               | People who work better on different schedules are still
               | funneled primarily into a 9-6 rhythm, being told to suck
               | it up.
               | 
               | "White students" from poor backgrounds now struggle to
               | move up even more, as they are selected against for "not
               | being diverse enough".
               | 
               | Really, most companies with diversity quotas might not
               | hire Joe, but they'll hire Juan who's basically the same
               | as Joe except he's Mexican and loves Taco Tuesday more
               | than Pizza Friday. It's diversity in the most superficial
               | sense, looking for the same car with a different paint
               | job. They're not in this to combat "racial injustices",
               | they're in this to appease some crowd with too much money
               | in an attempt to get more money out of them.
        
               | twofornone wrote:
               | I don't have space to respond to your whole commend but
               | upon skimming these two points stood out:
               | 
               | >Big tech hiring focus on diversity is much the same -
               | the bar is NOT lowered for women or anyone from a
               | minority race.
               | 
               | When employers industry wide are tripping over themselves
               | to hire minorities, then yes, the bar is absolutely lower
               | and pay higher. Its a classic perverse incentive.
               | 
               | >The last step of hiring before an offer is an objective
               | test of programming ability.
               | 
               | Having been on both ends, there is absolutely nothing
               | objective about interviews, and its perfectly possible to
               | even pass a hard leetcode interview while lacking
               | hard/soft skills. This is the basis for the diversity
               | overcorrection: the allegation was that the system was
               | implicitly biased against minorities, and the solution
               | was to apply bias in the other direction.
               | 
               | Except the fundamental premise, all of the "proof" upon
               | which the justification for racist/sexist hiring is a
               | giant conflation; inequality of outcome is not strong
               | evidence of discrimination. Especially when you have a
               | glaring and obvious pipeline problem.
               | 
               | You can't snap your fingers and decide that you're going
               | to hire up a bunch of minorities to senior positions
               | tomorrow when they don't even exist in college today
               | without sacrificing merit. Statistics and the normal
               | distribution guarantee that a smaller pool of candidates
               | will have a disproportionately smaller pool of high
               | achievers and once those are vacuumed by corps virtually
               | signalling for ESG Goodboy points you are forced to
               | either abandon quotas or draw from closer to the mean. It
               | is a statistical inevitability that minority hiring
               | quotas lead to reduced average competence.
               | 
               | Something about the road to hell and pavement.
        
         | postpawl wrote:
         | "People of color rarely get melanoma. The rate is 26 per
         | 100,000 in Caucasians, 5 per 100,000 in Hispanics, and 1 per
         | 100,000 in African Americans. On the rare occasion when African
         | Americans do get melanoma, it's particularly lethal--but it's
         | mostly a kind that occurs on the palms, soles, or under the
         | nails and is not caused by sun exposure."
         | 
         | It's saying they're pushing sun screen for people who don't
         | really need it.
        
           | ProfessorLayton wrote:
           | Avoiding cancer isn't the only reason one would want to wear
           | sunscreen, PoC or not.
        
           | amluto wrote:
           | The article seems to be saying that excessive sunscreen usage
           | and sun avoidance is bad for everyone and _especially_ for
           | people with darker skin. The leap of logic from that to
           | racism seems like a bit of a stretch.
           | 
           | Maybe the world needs a variant of Hanlon's razor: never
           | attribute to racism that which is adequate explained by
           | stupidity (or incompetence or the desire to promote one's
           | product or profession, etc.).
        
             | seoaeu wrote:
             | I mean, lots of folks use a simpler model: "never attribute
             | anything to racism because talking about race makes me
             | uncomfortable"
        
             | sdenton4 wrote:
             | And yet...
             | 
             | The US tried /extremely/ hard to take 'color-blindness' as
             | the solution to centuries of explicit racism. And it failed
             | rather completely. There's two effects at play: a) the
             | 'true' racists learned how to keep being horrible without
             | ever explicitly talking about race, and b) we wound up with
             | lots of 'data gaps' around race by ignoring real
             | differences. This data gap is arguably at the root of
             | what's called structural racism.
             | 
             | (Incidentally, an incredibly similar dynamic has played out
             | with the rights of women. I'm currently reading Caroline
             | Criado-Perez's 'Invisible Women' which is about a huge
             | range of areas where the 'default' is male, and the
             | resulting gaps in data about women lead to poor outcomes.)
             | 
             | So I'd say the article points to a particular kind of
             | structural racism: That the medical advice for white people
             | is assumed to also be good for people of color.
        
           | next_xibalba wrote:
           | If we read all the sentences around those you quoted, it
           | presents a nuanced view. It takes some motivated reasoning to
           | flatten both the relevant context here and the background
           | that science, particularly the science of human health, is
           | highly uncertain. And yet the author manages just that,
           | flattening all the context and nuance into: sunscreen is
           | racist.
        
             | postpawl wrote:
             | What missing context are you talking about?
             | 
             | This is 2 paragraphs after the one I quoted and it says it
             | even more clearly: "And yet they are being told a very
             | different story, misled into believing that sunscreen can
             | prevent their melanomas, which Weller finds exasperating.
             | "The cosmetic industry is now trying to push sunscreen at
             | dark-skinned people," he says. "At dermatology meetings,
             | you get people standing up and saying, 'We have to adapt
             | products for this market.' Well, no we don't. This is a
             | marketing ploy.""
        
               | next_xibalba wrote:
               | > The American Academy of Dermatology recommends that all
               | people, regardless of skin color, protect themselves from
               | the sun's harmful ultraviolet rays by seeking shade,
               | wearing protective clothing, and using a broad-spectrum,
               | water-resistant sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher
               | 
               | > "I think that sun-protection advice," [David Leffel,
               | Yale] told me, "has always been directed at those most at
               | risk"--people with fair skin or a family history of skin
               | cancer. "While it is true that people with olive skin are
               | at less risk, we do see an increasing number of people
               | with that type of skin getting skin cancer. But skin
               | cancer... is very rare in African Americans... and
               | although they represent a spectrum of pigmentation,
               | [they] are not at as much risk."
        
               | postpawl wrote:
               | Right, it's saying that race matters in this context
               | because sun exposure skin cancer is rare in African
               | Americans. The article is trying to make an argument that
               | the American Academy of Dermatology needs to reconsider
               | the opinion in your first quote.
               | 
               | Your original comment was effectively 'why does
               | everything have to be about race?' and it matters in this
               | context.
        
               | next_xibalba wrote:
               | Discussing differences by race and implying racism are
               | two quite different things. This article engaged in the
               | latter, when only the former appears relevant in light of
               | the facts.
        
               | bccdee wrote:
               | The article is making the case that black people are
               | being given sun exposure advice catered to white people.
               | That's a pretty basic example of systemic racism. It's
               | not _vile bigotry,_ but it doesn 't need to be--it's just
               | a bias grounded in race. Still racism. Let's not be
               | afraid of using accurate language just because that
               | language is politicized.
        
               | next_xibalba wrote:
               | Changing the definitions of words (it's "systemic racism"
               | not "vile bigotry") is no different than changing the
               | premises of a debate in order better favor your beliefs.
               | It is the rhetorical equivalent of gerrymandering. Even
               | worse is the insistence that these new words are as true
               | and constant as natural laws like gravity, when in
               | reality, these ideas are just made up by non-scientist
               | academics and activists. No real science is performed to
               | test their validity.
               | 
               | You say "systemic racism", I say "the article cites one
               | guy and gives his voice more weight than an entire
               | industry body in order to contort this into a story about
               | (maybe) racism".
               | 
               | Science is messy. Doctors are very cautious by training
               | and experience. So yes, they encourage everyone to use
               | sunscreen until the preponderance of scientific evidence
               | suggests otherwise. This is not racism in any form. To
               | suggest otherwise is a slap in the face to people who
               | have been subjected to real racism.
        
               | hamburglar wrote:
               | Recommending a product to a person who doesn't need it
               | does not become racist just because the reason they don't
               | need it is related to their race.
        
             | mlazos wrote:
             | This right is here is someone on HN being the paragon of
             | objectivity. How about taking the opposing argument in good
             | faith? He didn't even say anything about racism in the
             | article and just gave evidence. The second someone mentions
             | racism on HN this comment can be seen everywhere "wow and
             | now X is racist?? So dumb!!" Relax it's just the internet
             | and try to learn something.
        
             | phillipcarter wrote:
             | It sounds like you're just looking for an excuse to
             | complain about something.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | golemiprague wrote:
        
         | hklgny wrote:
         | Not sure why you're being downvoted for it. It's a useless
         | addition to an otherwise interesting article.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | And it's very possible the author didn't write it but an
           | editor did. I'm not sure where one gets "racist" from the
           | content of the article. Maybe insofar as the medical
           | community makes blanket recommendations that arguably don't
           | apply to/don't help black people. But it's a stretch to go
           | from there to racism.
        
             | datameta wrote:
             | Agreed... I didn't notice the mention of racism in the
             | title. I only realized after reading the article and seeing
             | people ignore the substance in lieu of attacking a
             | perceived slighting.
        
             | Apocryphon wrote:
             | Clickbait headlines have abounded over past decades from
             | editors with SEO concerns dancing in their eyes. One would
             | think those who are easily triggered by social justice
             | invocations would be more attuned to it by now- they should
             | view it as no different from any other form of attention
             | grabbing, and no more indictment against the articles these
             | titles disservice compared to headlines who incite other
             | passions. How discriminating of these who see one
             | subheading blurb and then refuse to read further.
        
         | devmor wrote:
         | You should read the entire article. The author discusses how
         | pushing products meant for white skin towards dark skinned
         | people despite negative detriment is common.
         | 
         | That is racism.
        
           | 10amxn10 wrote:
        
           | kortilla wrote:
           | Unless they are being targeted, it's absolutely not racism.
        
             | throwawayboise wrote:
             | Lots of products target particular races. It's only racism
             | if it's motivated by hate, bias, a desire to cause harm,
             | etc.
        
           | chmod600 wrote:
           | It sounds more like they just want to sell more sunscreen.
           | They don't really care what color your skin is as long as
           | money is changing hands. Nothing racist about that.
           | 
           | And doctors don't want to differentiate because it's safer to
           | just say "sure, wear sunscreen all day and wear a helmet too,
           | in case you get hit by a meteor". Nobody will blame a doctor
           | for repeating the currently-accepted dogma. Maybe they'll
           | blame sunscreen companies in ten years, but not the doctor.
        
             | devmor wrote:
             | If they are aware that doing so is putting people with
             | darker skin at mortal risk, it's racism.
        
             | Jommi wrote:
             | You realize both can be true right?
             | 
             | The can want to sell more suncreen, and the way they are
             | achieving that might be racist. These two are not mutually-
             | exclusive.
        
         | trompetenaccoun wrote:
         | People should read the study, it's interesting: https://sci-
         | hub.st/10.1111/joim.12496
         | 
         | There's nothing about race in there anyway. Don't get tricked
         | into these identity discussions. Both ignoring anything that
         | has race in it as well as getting angry when they bait you with
         | it ultimately means they have control over you, because you're
         | easily manipulated with a single word.
        
         | hemreldop wrote:
        
         | 867-5309 wrote:
         | it's reversed here: the lighter your skin, the worse off you'll
         | be
        
         | bjt2n3904 wrote:
         | Asterisk: They probably are using the "new" definition of
         | racism, not the classical definition. The foundation of the
         | "anti-racist" definition is that in any situation, a difference
         | in outcomes has a single attribution: racism.
         | 
         | As an example, if you give 100 children a math test -- no word
         | problems, just algebra -- and find that there is any
         | correlation between skin color and test performance, then the
         | test itself must be racist, and perhaps even math itself.
         | Similarly here, if there is a difference in how cancer affects
         | people... what must be the cause? That's right! Racism(tm)!
         | 
         | This is a patently absurd understanding of racism, but I've
         | found it extremely helpful to start discussions like these by
         | pointing out that if we don't have a common definition of what
         | it means for something to be racist, then we can't have a
         | discussion about it.
         | 
         | PS: The classical definition of racism is the idea that skin
         | color is indicative of performance. To look at the students
         | _before or after_ the test takes place, and make the assumption
         | that skin color will effect performance. The extremely fine
         | point here is that *the skin color itself* is what will cause
         | (or caused) the difference.
        
           | lern_too_spel wrote:
           | Not the test but the society that allows some groups to
           | continue to be undereducated in mathematics. The fact that
           | many people don't understand this and loudly proclaim their
           | lack of understanding, typically of certain backgrounds who
           | are not affected, is also not due to their race making their
           | brains incapable of understanding but due to society allowing
           | them to continue to be undereducated on this topic.
        
         | polio wrote:
         | The article isn't claiming that everything everywhere is always
         | racism. It's claiming that there is the possibility of the
         | recommendation being racist. Perhaps you should read the
         | article to decide for yourself how fair that characterization
         | is.
        
         | betwixthewires wrote:
         | I felt the same way when I read it, but decided to keep reading
         | anyway. The only remotely racist thing referenced is the fact
         | that marketing companies are trying to get black people to wear
         | sunscreen even though they don't need it. I wouldn't call it
         | racist per se, but it is a case of someone targeting a
         | demographic for profit, regardless of the fact that they can't
         | benefit from the product, with no concern whatsoever for any
         | negative effects they could experience. Definitely shady and
         | scummy.
        
         | miked85 wrote:
         | _Everything_ is blamed on racism the last couple of years. The
         | word essentially means nothing at this point.
        
           | JKCalhoun wrote:
           | Everything.
        
           | deanCommie wrote:
           | Because in the last couple of years was the first time there
           | has been an open and widespread discussion of various forms
           | of race-based discrimination that we've just been ignoring
           | for our entire history - or worse - thought that we left in
           | the past, but are still relevant to people not of the
           | dominant race in our societies.
           | 
           | Has there been an overreaction? Are too many things being
           | blamed on racism now? Possibly. But the motivation is good
           | and clear about attempting to get to the root of how people
           | treat one another in the world, and what structures we've
           | created to reinforce tribal or instinctual prejudices and how
           | they're not even obvious to most people going through their
           | lives in the world today.
           | 
           | This all has meaning. I urge you to not give up on the
           | concept, to not discount those talking about it as "woke", or
           | "virtue signalers" or "social justice warriors".
           | 
           | Some of them are overly angry and vitriolic, yes. Some are
           | tired of explaining concepts that are clear and for granted
           | to them, thinking that at this point anyone that disagrees is
           | simply an agitator. Not all show good faith. Some are in it
           | for themselves, and the glory of being holier-than-thou. I'm
           | not going to pretend that doesn't exist.
           | 
           | But most of the concepts being discussed are sound. And there
           | is a lot of fire behind the smoke. There is a lot of past,
           | present, and future "racism" that still needs to be
           | understood, and addressed.
        
           | hackernewds wrote:
           | Seems like an overreaction
        
             | miked85 wrote:
             | By who?
        
               | SkittyDog wrote:
               | By you. Some things are called "racism" unnecessarily,
               | and that causes some harms... But there is still plenty
               | of actual, bona fide Racism that causes _bigger_ harms.
               | 
               | To disregard legitimate concerns about racism because
               | you've grown frustrated with false positives is evidence
               | of a weak morality. It's prioritizing our selfish
               | frustrations over significant harms that other people
               | (the victims of racism) are experiencing.
        
               | miked85 wrote:
               | I disagree. When you blame everything on "racism", then
               | actual racism is ignored. Boy who cried wolf.
        
               | worik wrote:
               | By you. Duh!
        
       | pkdpic wrote:
       | > Melanoma? True, the sun worshippers had a higher incidence of
       | it--but they were eight times less likely to die from it.
       | 
       | > Over the 20 years of the study, sun avoiders were twice as
       | likely to die as sun worshippers.
       | 
       | > Avoidance of sun exposure is a risk factor of a similar
       | magnitude as smoking, in terms of life expectancy.
       | 
       | > Vitamin D now looks like the tip of the solar iceberg. Sunlight
       | triggers the release of a number of other important compounds in
       | the body, not only nitric oxide but also serotonin and
       | endorphins. It reduces the risk of prostate, breast, colorectal,
       | and pancreatic cancers. It improves circadian rhythms. It reduces
       | inflammation and dampens autoimmune responses. It improves
       | virtually every mental condition you can think of. And it's free.
       | 
       | > the current U.S. sun-exposure guidelines were written for the
       | whitest people on earth
       | 
       | > People of color rarely get melanoma. The rate is 26 per 100,000
       | in Caucasians, 5 per 100,000 in Hispanics, and 1 per 100,000 in
       | African Americans.
       | 
       | > Leffell, the Yale dermatologist, recommends what he calls a
       | "sensible" approach. "I have always advised my patients that they
       | don't need to crawl under a rock but should use common sense and
       | be conscious of cumulative sun exposure and sunburns in
       | particular,"
        
         | tgv wrote:
         | > Sunlight triggers the release of
         | 
         | But how much of it? The amount that gives you skin cancer? The
         | article mentions "30 minutes of summer sunlight", but not a
         | study, let alone a replicated one. And it doesn't simply
         | mention "30 minutes of summer sunlight", but "the equivalent of
         | 30 minutes of summer sunlight". The other studies mentioned in
         | the first part of the article (office workers, tanned Swedes,
         | etc.) might be accidental correlations. And mentioning the
         | neolithicum is utterly ridiculous.
         | 
         | > It improves virtually every mental condition you can think
         | of.
         | 
         | It still does that with sun screen. But it improves mental
         | health only a bit. I've never read that exposing patients to a
         | bit of sun light solved their depression, ADHD or
         | schizophrenia.
        
         | gpt5 wrote:
         | The article reads in such a dogmatic way that it raises all of
         | my fake/misleading information flags.
        
           | giantg2 wrote:
           | "the thing that was really responsible for their good health
           | --that big orange ball shining down from above."
           | 
           | This was the alarm bell for me. They completely leave out
           | that people who get sun exposure are typically doing
           | something more active than sitting at a desk or watching TV.
           | Maybe the physical activity explains a lot of the benefits
           | (think there are studies supporting that).
           | 
           | I might get a lot of hate for this, but I'm kind of tired
           | about these articles. They claim things they can't possibly
           | know about a topic that is largely irrelevant. It's like
           | trying to argue about algorithmic time efficiencies without
           | knowing the details of their use (in this case we're trying
           | to biohack for lower mortality without knowing all the
           | factors).
        
             | wolverine876 wrote:
             | While I find the article questionable, though interesting
             | ...
             | 
             | > They completely leave out that people who get sun
             | exposure are typically doing something more active than
             | sitting at a desk or watching TV.
             | 
             | Did the research (not the article) leave that out?
             | Researchers aren't idiots and spent 10,000x as long
             | thinking about the issue as we did about these HN posts.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | "Did the research (not the article) leave that out?"
               | 
               | The article didn't include links to the research, so who
               | knows.
               | 
               | On top of that, I'd imagine that it would be hard to
               | control for the physiological and psychological benefits
               | of being outside (nature, activity, etc; or detriments of
               | being indoors like air quality) unless the subjects were
               | in a controlled environment. It would be interesting to
               | see how the research controlled for these, if they did at
               | all. Many studies following large cohorts in real life
               | are not looking at proving causation, but showing
               | correlation because they can't fully control all the
               | variables.
        
               | LodeOfCode wrote:
               | Hard to tell, since the article doesn't bother to cite
               | any sources for most of its claims. Including this
               | paragraph without a single source is just incredible to
               | me
               | 
               | >Meanwhile, that big picture just keeps getting more
               | interesting. Vitamin D now looks like the tip of the
               | solar iceberg. Sunlight triggers the release of a number
               | of other important compounds in the body, not only nitric
               | oxide but also serotonin and endorphins. It reduces the
               | risk of prostate, breast, colorectal, and pancreatic
               | cancers. It improves circadian rhythms. It reduces
               | inflammation and dampens autoimmune responses. It
               | improves virtually every mental condition you can think
               | of. And it's free.
        
       | jefftk wrote:
       | This article is from 3 years ago, and talks about how there are
       | upcoming studies that will give us more information. Is there a
       | good summary of what we currently know?
        
       | compiler-guy wrote:
       | Those arguing that we can't conclude anything without a
       | randomized, controlled trial need to reread [1].
       | 
       | Yes, randomized, controlled trials are better, and the gold
       | standard. No, they aren't always available and sometimes--even
       | often--science can draw conclusions with evidence that came from
       | other sources.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.bmj.com/content/bmj/363/bmj.k5094.full.pdf
        
       | muhehe wrote:
       | Many comments here say this article is bad. I thought so after
       | reading perex saying sunscreen is racist. Can you even write
       | article these days without calling something racist?
        
       | kashunstva wrote:
       | The published subtitle of the article seems deliberately click-
       | baity/inflammatory. "quite possibly even racist"
       | 
       | When there are so many places where systemic racism shows up in
       | clear and demonstrable ways, why complicate your thesis with a
       | completely unfounded assertion?
       | 
       | In any case, like "code smell" this article has a "journalism
       | smell." Hand-waving, breezy style; over-identification with
       | certain groups of researchers. And of course, cursory treatment
       | of the evidence. He points out the lack of improvement in certain
       | end-points among subjects supplemented with vitamin D. Who were
       | the subjects? Randomized? Matched controls? Matched how? We're
       | _any_ outcomes positive? In other words are we seeing evidence
       | cherry picking of evidence? In fact so little is mentioned in the
       | article that he may as well have given a list of PubMed links and
       | just directed the readers to figure it out for themselves. I
       | don't know what the right answer is, but the only TL;DR from this
       | piece is "There's some controversy here."
        
       | carbocation wrote:
       | This is a very interesting theory, but also low-quality evidence.
       | It merits further study, but hard to say that it merits any
       | change in behavior just yet.
       | 
       | As far as I can tell, the "340 000" person study was finally
       | published in 2020[1]. The study was an observational analysis of
       | 342,000 dialysis patients. There was _no attempt to measure
       | personal exposure to UV_ (FTA:  "it was not feasible to determine
       | personal exposures to UV radiation and temperature"). Rather,
       | these exposures were approximated _by dialysis center zip code_.
       | 
       | I can understand why David Fisher would say that he doesn't
       | question the data, but doesn't agree with the implications.
       | 
       | 1 = https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/JAHA.119.013837
        
         | com2kid wrote:
         | > FTA: "it was not feasible to determine personal exposures to
         | UV radiation and temperature"
         | 
         | Sadly no current consumer devices exist on market that can
         | track these two numbers. The Microsoft Band used to have both
         | needed sensors, but AFAIK no one else has tried to widely
         | release a consumer product with a UV exposure sensor on it.
         | 
         | FWIW that sensor was a major hassle, took up a lot of space,
         | and finding a plastic cover for it that didn't also block UV
         | was super hard.
        
           | comicjk wrote:
           | Couldn't you use the bleaching effect of UV to estimate
           | exposure? It doesn't have to be an electronic UV sensor, just
           | a spot of calibrated UV-sensitive dye.
        
             | pigeonhole123 wrote:
             | You want to avoid sunburn, while getting enough sun every
             | day, so this wouldn't work if I understand your suggestion
             | correctly.
        
             | HPsquared wrote:
             | That's similar in concept to the old style film badge
             | dosimeters used to measure radiation exposure.
             | 
             | Unlike a film badge, a calibrated dye could be visually
             | interpreted against a colour scale by the user. Neat idea
             | if it works!
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | > no current consumer devices exist on market that can track
           | these two numbers
           | 
           | And if there were consumer devices, the next problem would be
           | accuracy. Based on a bunch of reading I did several years ago
           | (so maybe out of date), consumer excercise trackers were very
           | innaccurate in many ways. Exercise misinformation devices.
        
         | cfn wrote:
         | There are other studies with interesting results in the article
         | and it is good intuition that we survived for thousands of
         | years stark naked without sunscreen and vitamin suplements.
         | 
         | One interesting paragraph was:
         | 
         | "When you spend much of your day treating patients with
         | terrible melanomas, it's natural to focus on preventing them,
         | but you need to keep the big picture in mind. Orthopedic
         | surgeons, after all, don't advise their patients to avoid
         | exercise in order to reduce the risk of knee injuries."
         | 
         | We need to avoid tunnel vision when making health decisions.
         | And this coming from someone (me) who had skin cancer in the
         | past (not that it makes me a specialist).
        
           | pilsetnieks wrote:
           | I don't have a horse in the race either way but
           | 
           | > it is good intuition that we survived for thousands of
           | years stark naked without sunscreen and vitamin suplements
           | 
           | That, as an argument, is completely worthless. You don't know
           | how those people lived, how they died, what diseases they
           | had, all you can deduce is that some of them managed to
           | reproduce before keeling over.
        
             | slothtrop wrote:
             | > You don't know how those people lived
             | 
             | ... without sunscreen.
        
               | clint wrote:
               | How do you know they went out during the day and weren't
               | completely or mostly nocturnal?
        
               | throwaway202022 wrote:
               | Our human ancestors were not nocturnal. Sleep patterns
               | were probably different, sure, but they went out during
               | the day to gather and hunt for food.
        
               | guerrilla wrote:
               | You realize hunter-gatherers exist today, right? They go
               | out during the day and are not mostly nocturnal. They're
               | found all over the world.
        
               | bgandrew wrote:
               | Because it's obvious to anybody. It's also obvious that
               | modern humans are far less exposed to UV than our
               | ancestors, who pretty much lived like current days hobos
               | spending most of their time on fresh air.
        
               | comicjk wrote:
               | Within living memory, Americans wore hats pretty much
               | whenever they were outside. If we decide to give up
               | sunblock, we might want to reconsider the change in
               | fashions that got rid of them.
        
             | nostromo wrote:
             | And white people that live in California or Florida should
             | note that our complexion evolved in latitudes similar to
             | Canada.
        
               | robocat wrote:
               | And if you are in the equivalent Southern latitude to
               | Canada (e.g. New Zealand), you still sometimes need
               | sunscreen to avoid the extra UV due to the ozone hole.
               | Perhaps not as bad as it was, but cannot be ignored,
               | although it is variable: https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/p
               | rogrammes/ourchangingworld/a...
        
               | flog wrote:
               | The NZ sun is terrible. You feel the sun burning you as
               | soon as you get outside. Burn time can be about 10
               | minutes on a sunny day, and maybe 20 on a cloudy day in
               | summer.
               | 
               | In NZ we get about 4000 in-situ melanoma diagnosis a
               | year. I was one of them a couple of years ago (at 37).
               | 
               | Wear sunscreen!
        
               | cge wrote:
               | For that matter, that complexion also likely evolved with
               | clothes, and people in a sufficiently distant past may
               | have looked quite different. The idea of people looking
               | just like us living without clothes or shelter,
               | presumably like some depiction of Eden, is fanciful.
               | 
               | I am reminded that, in addition to not going about stark
               | naked, mesolithic humans in the British isles were dark
               | skinned.
        
           | cm2012 wrote:
           | Look at pretty much any elder in today's tribal societies,
           | they look like raisins at age 50. Most people would rather
           | maintain some youthful looks which means protecting yourself
           | from the sun.
        
           | zokier wrote:
           | > it is good intuition that we survived for thousands of
           | years
           | 
           | Well, all those people in the past are dead, so no, they did
           | not survive.
        
           | blenderdt wrote:
           | According to this page we had skin cancer for thousands of
           | years:
           | https://www.jaad.org/article/S0190-9622(15)00240-6/fulltext
           | 
           | We also completely changed our way of life. We don't live
           | outside anymore so we have less pigment that protects us from
           | UV.
        
         | cpncrunch wrote:
         | Have you looked at all the other studies, e.g. Lindqvist? [1]
         | 
         | [1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24697969/#:~:text=We%20foun
         | d....
        
         | scrozart wrote:
         | To be expected from a _lifestyle magazine_. OO is an OK place
         | to find your next camping destination, but it 's a terrible
         | place to look for science. This nonsense made it to HN a year
         | or so ago.
         | 
         | If you're looking for sunblock that won't give you cancer or
         | ruin the environment, check out EWG:
         | 
         | https://www.ewg.org/sunscreen/
        
           | cpncrunch wrote:
           | Just because it isn't a scientific magazine, doesn't mean the
           | science is junk. How exactly is it "nonsense"?
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | Do you have a scientific criticism of the article contents,
           | or are you going to stick with a low-effort _ad hominem_
           | attack?
        
         | Gimpei wrote:
         | This is why journalists need to learn some basic stats. The
         | credulity with which he takes the pro-sun researchers claims,
         | the ignorance he displays about the shortcomings of
         | observational studies are as depressing as they are common. Not
         | saying, by the way, that I don't believe the sun hypothesis, I
         | just think this article displays false confidence. Science is
         | hard; when you present the latest theory as The Truth, all you
         | do is undermine long term faith in science. Sometimes these new
         | discoveries bear out, but most of the time, they don't. See
         | this pattern enough and it becomes reasonable to conclude that
         | scientists are full of shit.
        
           | guelo wrote:
           | Why don't you demand as much strong evidence from the pro-
           | sunscreen status quo?
        
           | xpe wrote:
           | Well said in many ways; however, it isn't clear that having
           | more statistics savvy journalists would address the problems
           | associated with media _economics_ and _incentives_.
        
       | phendrenad2 wrote:
       | Here's the fatal flaw in this article:
       | 
       | > Wouldn't all those rays also raise rates of skin cancer? Yes,
       | but skin cancer kills surprisingly few people: less than 3 per
       | 100,000 in the U.S. each year
       | 
       | This is like saying "Don't people who slather themselves in honey
       | and walk bare naked to the woods get eaten by bears more? Sure,
       | but bears kill surprisingly few people, just 59 out of 1,000,000
       | yearly"
        
         | sega_sai wrote:
         | If honey and bare walk would prevent >59 deaths from other
         | causes, that'd be still reasonable.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | gandalfff wrote:
       | I have sensitive skin that turns red easily in the sun,
       | especially at the locations where I have scars from acne and
       | other injuries. With my atrophic scars, we know that UV can
       | reduce collagen levels which would reduce the healing potential
       | at those sites. For these reasons, I avoid UV exposure to my face
       | as much as possible.
       | 
       | For fair-skinned people like me, I would recommend generously
       | applying sunscreen to face and hands and leaving the other areas
       | uncovered if you are out in the sun for less than an hour or so
       | with moderate UV index, or less than 20 minutes or so with high
       | UV index. Longer than that, consider applying sunscreen to the
       | rest of your body as well. Of course, ymmv.
        
         | CSSer wrote:
         | There are other benefits to this approach too. You'll visibly
         | age slower. I've yet to hear anyone say that your skin has to
         | absorb vitamin D from your face or hands for it to be
         | effective.
        
       | renewiltord wrote:
       | Based on my experience, most "sun damage" worry comes from
       | aesthetic concerns. Personally, as someone who has already
       | encountered much of that, I also find the whole explorer look
       | neat, but I don't think the health effects are the prime movers
       | here.
       | 
       | Also, cannot discount innate bias: love sunshine to the degree I
       | had these solar lamps for winter.
       | 
       | But the fact that melanomas are less likely to be fatal overall
       | amongst us outdoor weather-beaten folk is quite gratifying. I
       | wonder if there are genetic markers.
        
         | OJFord wrote:
         | > love sunshine to the degree I had these solar lamps for
         | winter.
         | 
         | I can sort of imagine what that might be enough to think that
         | Wikipedia's 'lamp with solar panels' article with that name is
         | definitely not what you mean, but I can't see anything else on
         | it, do you have a link or model number or something?
        
           | renewiltord wrote:
           | Sorry. Meant Seasonal Affective Disorder lamps. I've moved to
           | California since and have a lot of sunshine but I'm told they
           | have nice lamps now that collimate the beam so it looks like
           | a bright window.
        
       | devmunchies wrote:
       | I've internalized the view of "your skin is your largest organ",
       | so I treat as one. I don't generally put things on my skin I
       | wouldn't put in my mouth.
       | 
       | Most sun exposure is on the nose, ears, arms. If some sun
       | exposure is healthy, then the best way to do it is to be
       | completely naked and only be in the sun for 10 minutes. By
       | exposing more surface area, you can get as much sun in 10 minutes
       | as you would by just exposing you face for 2 hours. No burns. In
       | engineering terms, it's like load balancing the sun across
       | several body parts.
       | 
       | There was just an article I saw last year about a sunscreen
       | recall because it contained ingredients that caused leukemia or
       | something. Not to mention some of the mental health benefits of
       | sun.
       | 
       | If you want to reduce sun exposure, probably better to shade
       | yourself with clothes or umbrellas than put chemicals on your
       | skin, or use something natural like zinc on sensitive areas like
       | nose and ears.
       | 
       | Also, there is more red light around sunrise/sunset. That's
       | healthier light. You want to avoid blue light (UV), which is
       | magnified (like a magnifying glass on the atmosphere) in the
       | middle of the day.
        
         | GekkePrutser wrote:
         | I've never heard of this 'load balancing' being a thing. You
         | can get totally sunburned on an exposed spot. Or do you mean in
         | terms of vitamin D generation?
        
           | adhesive_wombat wrote:
           | I think the point is that you can get the same vitamin D dose
           | from a gentle exposure of a lot of skin, or a massive and
           | damaging over-exposure of a small part of your skin, or a
           | spectrum in between.
           | 
           | The same general idea that you could light a room with a
           | single LED die overdriven to thermal death in minutes, or
           | many adequately-cooled underdriven ones virtually
           | indefinitely.
           | 
           | Or maybe more similarly, cooking with a 10kW cutting laser
           | rather than an electric stovetop would make a huge mess of
           | your cookware.
        
             | devmunchies wrote:
             | exactly. One solar panel pummeled in the sun for 6 hours vs
             | 6 solar panels in the sun for only one hour. Similar amount
             | of energy absorbed.
        
       | dinkleberg wrote:
       | I read this article a couple years ago and it definitely
       | influenced my thoughts on the matter.
       | 
       | I think this is yet another case of us collectively ignoring
       | common sense. We know that UV radiation is damaging to the skin
       | and can cause skin cancer. Instead of rubbing chemicals on our
       | skin to negate these effects, it is better to avoid being out in
       | direct sunlight when the UV index is high, especially if you're
       | super pale. If you have to go out at mid day for a decent length
       | of time, wear a big hat and clothes that cover you up.
       | 
       | I'm on the pale end of the spectrum and if I go out at say 2pm
       | when the UV index is at 10 it'll be physically painful within a
       | few minutes.
       | 
       | However, when I go for my daily walks earlier in the day or later
       | in the afternoon when the UV index is say 3-4, I go without
       | sunscreen and feel great. And even though I supplement vitamin D,
       | the effects of sunlight is clearly better.
       | 
       | Also I think it is safe to imagine that most of our ancient
       | ancestors weren't going out in the most intense sunlight and
       | stripping close to naked for hours to develop a nice tan.
        
         | thenerdhead wrote:
         | Our ancient ancestors such as those in Egypt would use the sun
         | to fight off bilirubin with newborns by rotating them next to a
         | sun-lit window. So yeah, common sense.
        
       | thyrox wrote:
       | One thing i learned from this article is if you have low vitamin
       | D it's better to not eat any d supplements - as that is equal to
       | putting little chips of ice on a thermometer to get it down to
       | 98.4 when you are trying to measure your fever.
       | 
       | Those vit d supplements will only skew the one thing that
       | actually tells you how much deficiencient you are in getting
       | enough sunlight as it correlates quite directly with it (most
       | other things look more long term).
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | FollowingTheDao wrote:
       | I could not get past that fist paragraph:
       | 
       | "Although they are a $30-plus billion market in the United States
       | alone, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, beta-carotene,
       | glucosamine, chondroitin, and fish oil have now flopped in study
       | after study."
       | 
       | What? Fish oil flopped? They did every study combination they
       | could on Fish Oil and Omega 3? They even filtered out for
       | genetics? They are just starting, it is no where near finished!
       | 
       | FADS1 and FADS2 Gene Polymorphisms Modulate the Relationship of
       | Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acid Plasma Concentrations in
       | Gestational Weight Gain: A NISAMI Cohort Study
       | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8912382/
       | 
       | Give vitamin B6 to someone who is deficient and guess what, it
       | will not flop. But I would bet none of you have had a B6 test,
       | correct?
       | 
       | The studies did not flop. They are still showing casualty but
       | more work needs to be down on who they might help. Yet he talks
       | about vitamin D like it has somehow escaped these problems?
       | Because on guy said something?
       | 
       | That guy suffered from "my supplement is the best supplement and
       | only supplement that effects health" disorder.
        
       | jelliclesfarm wrote:
       | the title reminded me of Noel Coward's ditty 'Mad Dogs and
       | English Men'from the film "A Night On The Town":
       | https://youtu.be/pzcAjd1vO4k
        
       | IshKebab wrote:
       | Mmm yeah I'd take a look at this photo before deciding to skip
       | the sun cream.
       | 
       | https://www.cbsnews.com/news/trucker-accumulates-skin-damage...
        
       | danielovichdk wrote:
       | I read this while listening to "Here comes the Rain again".
       | 
       | Great piece. Makes sense. Sun is pretty good with everything it
       | shines on. And you can definitely feel it has a positive effect
       | on your mood and your skin.
        
       | qqtt wrote:
       | I found this quote particularly telling:
       | 
       | > "I don't argue with their data," says David Fisher, chair of
       | the dermatology department at Massachusetts General Hospital.
       | "But I do disagree with the implications." The risks of skin
       | cancer, he believes, far outweigh the benefits of sun exposure.
       | "Somebody might take these conclusions to mean that the skin-
       | cancer risk is worth it to lower all-cause mortality or to get a
       | benefit in blood pressure," he says. "I strongly disagree with
       | that." It is not worth it, he says, unless all other options for
       | lowering blood pressure are exhausted. Instead he recommends
       | vitamin D pills and hypertension drugs as safer approaches.
       | 
       | To paraphrase "the data isn't wrong, but it contradicts
       | dogmatically held beliefs, and so a strict regime of pills and
       | treatments are required first before indulging in this heresy".
       | 
       | It takes a lot to break persistent medical dogmas, and these
       | platitudes of "avoid sun exposure at all costs because skin
       | cancer" are starting to become generational sayings that are
       | ingrained in prevalent thinking.
       | 
       | Also just want to point out what is touched on in the article -
       | melanoma (skin cancer caused by UV) in the USA kills about
       | 7000-8000, with that trend line decreasing. Heart disease kills
       | around 700,000 people a year in the USA alone.
       | 
       | Food for thought.
        
         | robertlagrant wrote:
         | This is why we need the phrase "evidence-based medicine": the
         | prevalence of the alternative. Doctors aren't automatically
         | scientists or critical thinkers.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | 6510 wrote:
         | > Also just want to point out what is touched on in the article
         | - melanoma (skin cancer caused by UV) in the USA kills about
         | 7000-8000, with that trend line decreasing. Heart disease kills
         | around 700,000 people a year in the USA alone.
         | 
         | This is actually borderline nonsensical in the context:
         | 
         | > People with low levels of vitamin D in their blood have
         | significantly higher rates of virtually every disease and
         | disorder you can think of: cancer, diabetes, obesity,
         | osteoporosis, heart attack, stroke, depression, cognitive
         | impairment, autoimmune conditions, and more.
        
         | tremon wrote:
         | _Instead he recommends vitamin D pills and hypertension drugs
         | as safer approaches._
         | 
         | I suspect anybody who recommends medication over natural
         | resources has a bridge to sell.
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | Especially more statins. They won't give up until they're
           | adding them to the water.
        
         | treis wrote:
         | I suspect there is a happy medium of sun exposure that gets you
         | nearly all the benefits without much increase in skin cancer.
        
           | BLKNSLVR wrote:
           | I'd say you're probably right, but then things like the hole
           | in, or the thickness of, the ozone layer would make a
           | difference between pre- and post-industrial sun exposure.
        
             | JKCalhoun wrote:
             | My Apple Watch needs a UV sensor that accumulates UV
             | exposure levels and can tell me when it's time to come
             | inside.
        
               | shepherdjerred wrote:
               | That would actually be pretty cool
        
         | s3p wrote:
         | It upsets me that no one mentions the link between sun exposure
         | and aging. The people who seem to not age are commonly those
         | who use sunscreen or protect their face/neck from the sun.
         | Without sun exposure, the skin naturally heals and replaces
         | scarring. This is why people with post-acne hyperpigmentation
         | will often need to wear sunscreen for a long time while using a
         | topical retinoid-- to both increase the rate of skin cell
         | turnover and to make sure the new skin is adequately healed.
        
           | scandox wrote:
           | Why does it upset you? I like the weatherbeaten look. I'm
           | sort of hoping to acquire it over the next 25 years or so.
        
           | polio wrote:
           | Everybody ages at the same rate. I'd argue that society
           | should care less about the superficial dermatological
           | implications of sun exposure, if sun exposure is actually as
           | good as this article claims.
        
             | smeej wrote:
             | Everybody gets chronologically older at the same rate, but
             | people's bodies break down at a wide variety of different
             | rates.
        
             | astura wrote:
             | No, we know that people age at drastically different rates.
             | I can even see this among my peer group.
             | 
             | https://www.techtimes.com/articles/67285/20150711/not-
             | everyo...
             | 
             | >They found that the "biological age" of the participants
             | in 2011, when they were 38 -- as exhibited by the state of
             | their organs, their immune systems, their heart health and
             | their chromosomes -- ranged from as young as 30 to as old
             | as 60.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | That article is mostly pseudoscience. There are no
               | reliable biological markers of aging.
               | 
               | https://peterattiamd.com/ama35/
        
           | fshbbdssbbgdd wrote:
           | Is your hypothesis that avoiding sun exposure slows aging
           | generally, or just that it makes the skin look younger? I'm
           | worried about many of the effects of aging, but don't care a
           | whole lot about how my skin looks.
        
             | jelliclesfarm wrote:
             | Skin is the largest organ of the body. It is an indicator
             | of the inner health as well even though the main function
             | of the skin is to protect the tissue/fat and other layers.
             | so you should care about how your skin looks. You can
             | protect your skin from excessive sun exposure, but if your
             | diet isnt adequate or healthy, it will show through your
             | skin.
        
             | shrimpx wrote:
             | It's just aesthetic. Heavy sun exposure throughout life
             | leads to wrinkles and sun spots/splotchy skin later in
             | life. White collar workers likely needn't worry, though.
             | That advice is more for people who spend their working
             | hours in the sun.
        
               | dougmsmith wrote:
               | > White collar workers likely needn't worry, though.
               | 
               | Have to disagree with this one, everyone who can't escape
               | sunlight and likes to go outside at all is affected.
               | People in the American southwest from all walks of life
               | age shockingly faster (in appearance) than their northern
               | state counterparts. I'd meet women who were 25 and looked
               | 35 (by northern expectations), and it only accelerates
               | from there (35 looking like 50, 50 looking like 70).
        
           | retcon wrote:
           | Anecdotally I've never seen anyone who has acne and a tan.
        
             | astura wrote:
             | It might feel that way because acne is just much less
             | noticable on darker skin. Acne effects skin of all colors.
             | The one year I was tan was also my year I had my bad bacne
             | episode.
             | 
             | Even my cat had an episode of acne.
        
             | pault wrote:
             | Counter anecdote: I lived in the tropics for 10 years and
             | met many people with tans and acne.
        
         | croes wrote:
         | >melanoma (skin cancer caused by UV) in the USA kills about
         | 7000-8000
         | 
         | How many need treatment? Can skin cancer be cured better than
         | heart diseases?
         | 
         | And heart disease is a pretty broad term, if you say heart
         | diseases you should say cancer not just skin cancer. And cancer
         | killes 600,000 a year.
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | The most common hypertension drugs are statins. While those can
         | be necessary for some patients, they come with a long list of
         | negative side effects. Recommending them as a first line
         | therapy before moderate UV light exposure is medical
         | malpractice.
         | 
         | https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-ch...
        
         | NonNefarious wrote:
         | I found this quote particularly undermining of his credibility:
         | 
         | "It's entirely intuitive," he responded. "Homo sapiens have
         | been around for 200,000 years. Until the industrial revolution,
         | we lived outside. How did we get through the Neolithic Era
         | without sunscreen?"
         | 
         | By boning each other at the earliest possible age and
         | procreating before we could die of cancer. DUH. The guy's a
         | scientist but can't logically filter out causes of mortality
         | that don't typically transpire until after child-bearing age?
        
         | chasebank wrote:
         | Makes me wonder about melanoma rates within outdoor working
         | populations, like construction workers. Do we see more or less
         | the same ratios in their population?
        
           | pilsetnieks wrote:
           | From this very article:
           | 
           | > And perplexingly, outdoor workers have half the melanoma
           | rate of indoor workers. Tanned people have lower rates in
           | general. "The risk factor for melanoma appears to be
           | intermittent sunshine and sunburn, especially when you're
           | young," says Weller. "But there's evidence that long-term sun
           | exposure associates with less melanoma."
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | PKop wrote:
           | Read the article.
        
         | mint2 wrote:
         | >" To paraphrase "the data isn't wrong, but it contradicts
         | dogmatically held beliefs, and so a strict regime of pills and
         | treatments are required first before indulging in this
         | heresy"."
         | 
         | That rephrasing in itself can be describe as a dogmatic belief
         | that supplements are bad/conspiracy. It's a dogmatism pile.
         | 
         | Eat sun exposed mushrooms if vitamin d pills aren't ones cup of
         | tea, but in northern climes relying on sun for vitamin d is not
         | realistic much of the year.
        
           | trompetenaccoun wrote:
           | There is no empirical evidence the pills do anything. Did you
           | read the article? It's likely one of those spurious
           | correlation type of situations. Being outdoors or having sun
           | exposure, maybe living healthier lifestyles... whatever it is
           | it corresponds with higher vitamin D levels, that's all.
           | 
           | It's a bit much claiming those suspicious of pill pushing are
           | part of the actual cult. If someone thinks taking vitamin D
           | pills is necessary they're the one who has to provide the
           | evidence, not the other way around.
        
           | astrange wrote:
           | The issue described in the article seems to be that sunlight
           | does a lot more than produce Vitamin D - thinking a natural
           | process is the same as taking exactly one chemical by mouth
           | is the kind of modernist nutrition science that gets
           | overturned later.
        
         | purple_ferret wrote:
         | Well he's a dermatologist. His bias is towards fighting skin
         | cancer. He looks at it through the lens of somebody who
         | regularly deals with people who are dying from melanoma.
         | 
         | He's tasked with fighting a battle, not winning a war.
         | 
         | As an anecdotal aside, I always read about people who treat
         | cancers as being more militant in their beliefs, but they're
         | also dealt with tough hands.
        
           | version_five wrote:
           | Right. The road to hell is paved with the good intentions
           | (and myopia) of narrow specialists who want others to
           | prioritize the thing they worry about. Technicians of all
           | kinds need to realize their most helpful role is to provide
           | inputs so people can make their own decisions, not to
           | actually recommend (or recently mandate) what people decide
           | to do.
        
             | throwaway4220 wrote:
             | Recently mandating not coughing on others to stop a
             | (initially scary) pandemic is not the same as recommending
             | less sun exposure. The road to slippery slopes is itself a
             | slippery slope.
             | 
             | Go tell your doctor You smoke two packs a day they'll say
             | stop smoking. If smoking two packs means you won't kill
             | yourself then they will weigh that. Then there are bad
             | doctors too of course
        
             | scoopertrooper wrote:
             | If you think of UV light exposure as a therapy of sorts,
             | then it's fair to weigh its benefits and risks against
             | alternative treatments.
             | 
             | If the supposed benefits of UV light exposure can be
             | achieved through an alternative treatment that poses a
             | lower risk of skin cancer, then why wouldn't that be the
             | superior treatment?
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | That is an entirely pointless hypothetical. The medical
               | reality is that alternative treatments can only deliver a
               | subset of the benefits of UV light exposure.
        
               | version_five wrote:
               | Because real people like to go to the beach or go running
               | or a million other outdoor activities. And some people
               | even like the look of a tan, or want to show off their
               | bodies. Or people don't want to spend their time thinking
               | about that stuff and have other priorities. That is my
               | point about the narrow advice. People have diverse goals,
               | and there is a lot more to going out in the sun than
               | optimizing your vitamin d levels. Treating people like
               | we're all farm animals that need some standard, dictated
               | care formula works for nobody
        
               | scoopertrooper wrote:
               | It sounds like your argument is now: "I like the look of
               | being tanned and don't want to be burdened by the need to
               | regularly apply lotion while living my outdoor
               | lifestyle".
               | 
               | Okay, well that's your choice; but don't latch on to some
               | argument about it being healthy, unless you're willing to
               | endure scrutiny.
        
               | guelo wrote:
               | I laughed when the Dr in the article recommended
               | sunscreen plus blood pressure pills. The confidence in
               | narrow pharmaceutical interventions is absurd when we
               | keep realizing that we don't understand how all the
               | systems in the body are interconnected.
        
               | 6510 wrote:
               | He probably doesn't get out much.
        
               | BLKNSLVR wrote:
               | Especially given that the very first paragraph of the
               | article says that most vitamin supplements appear to be
               | ineffective.
        
               | scoopertrooper wrote:
               | Sure, the article does say that and it even provides a
               | paper to backup its claim.
               | 
               | However, subsequently a meta-analysis (including that
               | same paper) was published that found:
               | 
               | "Vitamin D [supplementation] was associated with
               | significant reduction of cancer-related mortality
               | compared with placebo [...]. Compared with placebo,
               | Vitamin D was not associated with significant reduction
               | of cancer incidence [...]".
               | 
               | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/20009666.2019
               | .17...
        
               | BLKNSLVR wrote:
               | According to the article the alternative treatment is
               | ineffective (vitamin D supplements) and increases risk
               | factors for higher mortality rate diseases. I'd say
               | that's pretty far from the superior treatment.
        
           | nostromo wrote:
           | And the author is writing an article for _Outside_ , which
           | also has a clear bias in presenting a one-sided argument.
        
             | mgh2 wrote:
             | Take this with a grain of salt, doubt its monetary
             | motivation: sell Outside+ subscriptions
        
         | ziftface wrote:
         | I think you're reading too much into that quote. I think they
         | just meant that they acknowledge that there are benefits to sun
         | exposure but in his opinion it's not worth the risk of getting
         | skin cancer. Even if turns out to be misguided, that's not
         | dogma.
        
       | bricemo wrote:
       | People have such a hard time with the concept of a trade-off.
       | Life is not a video game where there is an optimal single answer
       | for everyone every time. It's complicated, especially with
       | something like biology. So place your bets: do you want possibly
       | better blood pressure, higher incidence of melanoma, and faster
       | aging of skin? Or do you want benefits of more sun exposure and
       | greater risk of cancer?
       | 
       | The answer is: it depends on your family history, your lifestyle,
       | and a bunch of other things.
       | 
       | I know that organizations like American Dermatology or Outdoor
       | magazine have to water down their message so it's digestible, but
       | it annoys me when people expect "The Answer". Science is
       | constantly updating.
        
         | xorfish wrote:
         | I find the advice 'all sun exposure is bad' pretty unhelpful.
         | It is on the same level as teaching abstinence as sex
         | education.
         | 
         | Our bodies deal with some form of damage all the time.
         | 
         | Is there really evidence that someone that slowly builds up a
         | tan during spring has a higher risk of skin cancer than someone
         | who doesn't?
         | 
         | I can't really imagine how you could study that in a controlled
         | way.
        
           | mistrial9 wrote:
           | in my lifetime western medicine "discovered" a casual link
           | between sun burn during your mid-teens, and real serious skin
           | cancers decades later. Other random factoids - skin varies a
           | lot with genetics.. a lot, a lot.. and your resistance to
           | aggressive cancer has to do with overall health and nutrition
           | at any time in your life. .. no simple "this or that" cause
           | and effect, even with good nutrition, skin care and
           | moderation.
        
           | ip26 wrote:
           | "all sun exposure is bad" suggests we should spend our lives
           | in the basement, but we also know human eyes do not shape
           | properly without the bright light of the sun.
        
         | bccdee wrote:
         | > it annoys me when people expect "The Answer"
         | 
         | I don't think it's unreasonable that people expect clear public
         | health guidelines. I don't want to trudge through a thousand
         | pages of research, I want the department of health to say "well
         | we had some experts read the papers, and if you do X and Y and
         | Z you'll probably be fine." I'd appreciate more details beyond
         | that, of course, especially if it's an area of particular
         | interest to me. But I can't be that interested in everything,
         | and sometimes it's good just to put out a guideline.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | colechristensen wrote:
         | People are trained to expect _the Answer_ during their
         | education which focuses for a very long time on presenting
         | things as Truth with uncertainty coming in far too late.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | nabla9 wrote:
       | The studies quoted don't provide any strong evidence to support
       | the claim.
        
       | civilized wrote:
       | "Stay out of the sun and if your blood pressure gets bad, just
       | take hypertension drugs". What a creepy position from the anti-
       | sunlight crowd.
        
         | FollowingTheDao wrote:
         | Right? It's just like my doctors telling me it's ok to be
         | homeless, just take your medications top deal with the stress!
        
       | rsanek wrote:
       | By the way, this is from (2019)
        
       | donsupreme wrote:
       | I know so many parents who would slather thick layer of suncreen
       | for their kids to play in their backyard ... even when it's not
       | sunny.
        
         | EdwardDiego wrote:
         | Clouds reduce UV, but it still penetrates (also, apparently, it
         | can actually enhance UV at times [0]). In my country (New
         | Zealand), in summer you can get sunburned in about 10 - 20
         | minutes on a cloudy day, compared to 5 - 10 minutes on a clear
         | day. But then, we tend to have much thinner ozone above us in
         | our summer than countries in the Northern Hemisphere.[1]
         | 
         | [0]:
         | https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2004RG00...
         | 
         | [1]: https://www.nasa.gov/topics/earth/features/ozone-aus.html
        
       | syntaxing wrote:
       | Wouldn't this be very obvious in certain Asian countries (Japan,
       | South Korea, and China)? Being pale skin is extremely culturally
       | coveted since it's seen as beauty (also pale skins means you
       | don't work on the farms so historically speaking, pale skin is
       | like being fat in the medieval times). However, anecdotally I
       | have not noticed any of the stated benefits of "sun exposure" in
       | those countries.
        
         | maximus-decimus wrote:
         | Lack of sun exposure is allegedly the reason Japanese kids get
         | myopia, so they don't seem to get much sun exposure at all.
        
           | syntaxing wrote:
           | Lack of sun exposure or lack of "large environments" where
           | your eye can focus further distances? While they're extremely
           | hard to separate in real life, it's different from what the
           | article is suggesting.
        
             | bbojan wrote:
             | Sun exposure. See e.g. https://www.aao.org/editors-
             | choice/sunlight-exposure-reduces...
        
       | Flatcircle wrote:
       | Fantastic article. The exact type of info I come to Hacker News
       | for
        
       | RappingBoomer wrote:
       | in my last job, I reviewed hundreds of medical records, many of
       | whom had basal cell or squamous cell carcinomas (BCC & SCC)...i
       | never saw a case where BCC or SCC caused a real problem...I never
       | saw one where it spread elsewhere on the body other than the
       | skin...this theory that the more skin cancers you have means you
       | have better general health is one that has been finding more
       | support recently..and I agree with this theory...the sun has
       | definite benefits, and almost certainly benefits that we do not
       | yet even understand...
        
         | andi999 wrote:
         | Causation could be (partially) the other way round, very sick
         | people do not get to go out. So if you screen all sick people
         | for sun exposure you will find a lower exposure than non sick
         | people.
        
       | GekkePrutser wrote:
       | This makes sense. I recently saw an article in the local news
       | that said the same as the dermatology academy mentioned in the
       | article: Any sun exposure is supposedly bad and has to be
       | avoided. And the concept of building up tolerance was said to be
       | nonsense, apparently any exposure is bad even when you don't
       | burn.
       | 
       | What I've always done is build up my tolerance by getting tan
       | during the spring so I can walk around without sunscreen in
       | summer. Of course I don't go crazy with it, and I try to avoid
       | direct sunlight in high-UV situations (e.g. walking on the shaded
       | side of the street) but I take it when there is no option. It
       | works fine for me, I rarely get sunburn and when I do it's minor,
       | just a little red glow and sensitivity. Even though I have very
       | pale skin I tan and burn very slowly, luckily. I lived in
       | Australia a while in the early '00s while the ozone hole was
       | still around and the same approach worked even there
       | 
       | I live in a country (Spain) that has lots of sun so I don't want
       | to go out with cream every day. The only times I use it is when
       | I'm outside for a long time and I feel I'm getting close to
       | burning.
       | 
       | I get that it's totally bad what I see many Northern European
       | tourists do: They stay indoors most of the summer and then take a
       | 2-week holiday to the costa's where they lay in the sun for 12
       | hours a day. Obviously this is totally bad, even with suncreen
       | you will get totally burned to a crisp.
       | 
       | In any case, I'll see. Maybe I'm wrong but in that case the
       | damage is done already. But I don't think sun exposure can be as
       | bad as they say.
        
         | tremon wrote:
         | I mostly go into the woods to get my sun exposure. My pet
         | theory is that sunlight exposure isn't a problem, it's the
         | persistent exposing of the same tissue that's causing problems.
         | 
         | So instead of baking my body for hours on a sandy beach
         | somewhere, I prefer to expose my body intermittently to the sun
         | through the foliage.
        
           | FollowingTheDao wrote:
           | IMHO, the sun does not cause skin cancer. Oxidative stress
           | causes skin cancer. If you have a functioning oxidative
           | stress pathway you will not get skin cancer.
           | 
           | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3613501/
        
         | xwdv wrote:
         | Your tan isn't doing anything. Radiation is still penetrating
         | deep into your skin and damaging DNA, leading to potentially
         | cancerous mutations.
        
           | FollowingTheDao wrote:
           | Really? Tell that to nearly everyone in Africa.
        
           | colechristensen wrote:
           | If this was true we wouldn't see human skin tone mapping
           | pretty directly to ancestral UV exposure.
        
           | xorfish wrote:
           | Is there solid evidence, not just theorizing, for this?
           | 
           | Our bodies can deal with damaged DNA.
           | 
           | Proving that low rates of DNA damage increase cancer risk
           | proportionaly to the risk asociated with high rates of damage
           | seems nearly impossible.
           | 
           | So I don't understand the absolute certanty with which it
           | gets proclaimed as fact.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | manmal wrote:
         | Why not just wear a hat if you don't want cream?
        
           | RamRodification wrote:
           | Arms and legs.
        
             | oaktrout wrote:
             | For the arms at least, they make UV protective shirts, they
             | are essentially just a lightweight loose breathable fabric.
             | Worth considering if you aren't familiar with them.
        
             | manmal wrote:
             | Skin exposure is quite different there because unlike the
             | head they get a change in angle way more often. Sure you
             | can get sunburn there too, but it's harder to do.
        
           | GekkePrutser wrote:
           | I do yes! I don't have much hair left so I kinda need to. For
           | some reason my head burns quicker than the rest.
           | 
           | I get mine mostly from walking in the woods/mountains too and
           | I usually wear long trousers even on hot days too. But it's
           | really for a different reason. I just don't like shorts and I
           | get cut a lot.
        
       | Barrera wrote:
       | > There are not many daily lifestyle choices that double your
       | risk of dying. In a 2016 study published in the Journal of
       | Internal Medicine, Lindqvist's team put it in perspective:
       | "Avoidance of sun exposure is a risk factor of a similar
       | magnitude as smoking, in terms of life expectancy."
       | 
       | There's a link around "put it in perspective." Following it
       | through to the source leads to the 2016 study, which notes:
       | 
       | > We acknowledge several major limitations of this study. First,
       | it is not possible to differentiate between active sun exposure
       | habits and a healthy lifestyle, and secondly, the results are of
       | an observational nature; therefore, a causal link cannot be
       | proven. A further limitation is that we did not have access to
       | exercise data from study initiation; however, similar sHR values
       | were obtained when including exercise for those women who
       | answered the second questionnaire in 2000. With the introduction
       | of whole-genome scanning, a new method of getting closer to
       | causality using observational data is Mendelian random analysis.
       | A potential causal link between BMI and vitamin D levels has been
       | demonstrated with this method 8. In addition, individuals with
       | high BMI do not obtain the same increase in vitamin D levels by
       | UV radiation as lean subjects 9. As a consequence, as BMI seems
       | to be involved in the causal pathway of vitamin D, it should not
       | be included as a confounder in analyses as has been performed in
       | many studies.
       | 
       | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/joim.12496
       | 
       | This adds nuance missing from the original article. Also, AFAICT,
       | the study doesn't mention anything about sunscreen use by the
       | women. Based on the discussion in the original article, this
       | study looks like a smoking gun. But going a little deeper, not so
       | much.
       | 
       | It'd put the study into the category "needs follow-up."
        
       | raverbashing wrote:
       | I'll go with "the sun is a deadly laser". I'll suggest anyone
       | that disbelieves that to spend some 30min into a moderate/high UV
       | intensity day outside without sunscreen. Especially around
       | midday.
       | 
       | Sure, don't avoid the sun completely, but don't play with it
       | 
       | It's true that sunlight increases Vit D and Nitric Oxide, other
       | claims are much feeble and holy mother of selection bias to claim
       | all that is due to the sun!
        
         | throwaway202022 wrote:
         | > I'll suggest anyone that disbelieves that to spend some 30min
         | into a moderate/high UV intensity day outside without
         | sunscreen. Especially around midday.
         | 
         | 30 minutes? I did that today for two hours. My arms, legs,
         | face, and neck were all exposed without sunscreen, and I didn't
         | burn at all. It all depends on your skin type.
        
         | easrng wrote:
         | Not anymore, there's a blanket.
        
         | smt88 wrote:
         | > _I 'll suggest anyone that disbelieves that to spend some
         | 30min..._
         | 
         | I do this daily for up to 6 hrs on the weekend. I have never
         | had a sunburn.
         | 
         | You seem to have assumed all humans are light-skinned, which is
         | something the article warns about right at the top.
        
       | watchdogtimer wrote:
       | Should be marked 2019.
        
       | the__alchemist wrote:
       | Something to keep in mind that's strongly in sunscreen's favor:
       | Sun exposure has a dramatic (over spans of years) effect on how
       | your skin looks. People who have low sun exposure, or high
       | sunscreen look look noticibly younger. I can't think of a
       | reproducible way to look younger than preventing UV exposure.
        
         | dfee wrote:
         | Gotta look good while dying early!
        
         | steve_adams_86 wrote:
         | I don't care if I look old but feel young. Sun exposure helps
         | me sleep properly, lifts my mood, and generally improves most
         | aspects of my life.
         | 
         | Balance is necessary but man, I started balding at 17, looking
         | old is no big deal compared to feeling good.
        
           | sushid wrote:
           | Are you sure you're not getting that from being outside,
           | working out, etc.?
        
         | maximus-decimus wrote:
         | I prefer looking older when I'm old than have to have greasy
         | coconut-smelling skin my entire life.
        
         | throwaway98797 wrote:
         | Life should not be a journey to the grave with the intention of
         | arriving safely in a pretty and well preserved body, but rather
         | to skid in broadside in a cloud of smoke, thoroughly used up,
         | totally worn out, and loudly proclaiming "Wow! What a Ride!
        
           | tayo42 wrote:
           | It feels good to look good and younger though.
           | 
           | When i shave and look younger I always kind of feel like OK I
           | might have a few more years of not falling apart
        
             | steve_adams_86 wrote:
             | That's the thing though. Same body, same mind; you didn't
             | actually need to shave to feel that way.
             | 
             | I get the sentiment of course, but I think there's value in
             | seeing past it too.
        
           | somehnguy wrote:
           | Seems there might be a balance between the extremes of being
           | afraid of the sun vs looking like a used up leather boot..
        
             | asdff wrote:
             | Among my ancient relatives those that look darker from the
             | sun look better in old age anyway than those who stay
             | indoors and pasty. Healthier looking for sure.
        
       | legulere wrote:
       | Sadly the article talks about sun exposure being a confounder to
       | vitamin D and positive health outcomes, but not about further
       | confounders. If you are already sick you will go out less into
       | the sun.
        
         | DangitBobby wrote:
         | I'd worry more about the studies covering every possible
         | confounding factor than the article itself. The conceivable
         | confounding factors are practically without limit. The same can
         | be said for data backing the "sun bad" schools of thought.
        
       | makeitdouble wrote:
       | > we've been taught to protect ourselves from dangerous UV rays,
       | which can cause skin cancer. [...] > 25,871 participants received
       | high doses for five years--found no impact on cancer, heart
       | disease, or stroke. > How did we get it so wrong?
       | 
       | I don't get the fundamental premise of the article:
       | Dermatologists warn about skin cancer from sun exposure, and the
       | author takes issue with vitamin D not curing cancer and heart
       | diseases.
       | 
       | What is "wrong" ? These two facts look disjointed to me, with no
       | specific opposition.
       | 
       | Vitamin D not directly linked to curing cancer and heart diseases
       | is also nothing new, there is very few scientifically proven
       | effects of vitamin D[0] and it's usually offered as "just in
       | case" supplement.
       | 
       | Dermatologists arguing skin cancer can happen doesn't seem wrong
       | or unproven either, and all the "sun benefits us" part doesn't
       | seem to contradict that part either.
       | 
       | Am I missing some important cultural background of the author
       | that makes it all a bigger point ?
       | 
       | [0]
       | https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-929/vitamin...
       | 
       | PS: is the author just arguing that extreme advice should be
       | taken with a grain of salt ?
        
         | samtho wrote:
         | I think they were just making a point that this relationship
         | between Vitamin D and good health is correlative rather than
         | causal, i.e people who had higher levels of Vitamin D were
         | healthy because natural production of Vitamin D is common in
         | people who are more active, rather than Vitamin D itself made
         | them healthy.
         | 
         | The CTA of the article seems to focused around that we may have
         | been overdoing it with the sunscreen advice and that there is a
         | healthy amount of sun exposure we should be getting.
        
           | makeitdouble wrote:
           | Thanks!
           | 
           | On sunscreen, my personal impression was that people were
           | sloppy enough that the impact would be mild at most (seems
           | the subject has also been looked into [1]), and people going
           | for really high blocking values usually do so for beauty
           | preferences way more than health preoccupations.
           | 
           | [1 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30945275/
        
       | jamal-kumar wrote:
       | I had some pretty crappy skin issues (Dermatitis and occasionally
       | psoriasis) starting in childhood, but as an adult I moved to a
       | tropical country - boom no more problems. I don't even think I
       | have allergic reactions to cats and dogs anymore. Wild how much
       | your health and mood improves when you can get daily sunlight
       | year round. There's the rainy season for sure, but there's
       | usually a window in the morning of a few hours or so to go for a
       | nice walk in.
        
         | wincy wrote:
         | The last two winters I've had some really bad mental problems.
         | Two winters ago I spent savings and that night booked a morning
         | flight to Florida, which helped a lot. The second time I didn't
         | have money to blow so I told my wife I was leaving and going to
         | Florida, got in the car and turned off my phone (it was more
         | traumatic and not a good time, she was very upset about me
         | effectively abandoning her and our children. And I was
         | effectively insane for the next two hours, which is good
         | because if I had been thinking clearly I could have booked a
         | flight and ended up 1500 miles away with no plan). About an
         | hour of driving later I snapped out of it, but I'm pretty sure
         | the lack of sunlight where I live in the winter is making me go
         | crazy.
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | I'm not a doctor but it's likely you have something more
           | going on mentally than just lack of sunlight. For the sake of
           | yourself and your family, please see a psychiatrist.
        
           | staticman2 wrote:
           | If you haven't done it you can try one of those Seasonal
           | Affective Disorder lights that is supposed to simulate
           | sunlight.
        
         | betwixthewires wrote:
         | The latter skin condition runs in my family (thankfully I have
         | never really dealt with it except a couple of bouts when I was
         | a child) and all those in my family that deal with it say the
         | same thing. They go to the tropics and it's gone in a week.
         | 
         | I spent a few years in a tropical country and never once got a
         | sunburn. I paid no mind to sun and spent a ton of time outside.
         | Moving back to the states, within 3 months I had gotten a bad
         | sunburn. I don't know what is going on with this sunburn thing
         | but I'm convinced it has more to do with just sun exposure.
         | Maybe ozone, maybe an environmental factor that increases
         | damage upon exposure, I don't know, but there's something
         | there.
         | 
         | As far as sun exposure now, I'll put sunscreen on when I'm
         | going to spend more than an hour in direct sunlight at a time.
         | I spend a lot of time outside and I don't really get burned
         | anymore.
        
       | qgin wrote:
       | Concerning the referenced study that equates negative effects of
       | sun-avoidance to smoking:
       | 
       | https://sci-hub.se/10.1111/joim.12496
       | 
       | > First, it is not possible to differentiate between active sun
       | exposure habits and a healthy lifestyle.
       | 
       | People who are healthy get outside more. People who engage in
       | physical activity tend to do quite a bit of it outside.
       | 
       | Despite the term "sun avoidance" this is not about people who
       | intentionally avoid the sun. It is about people who for whatever
       | reason do not have much sun exposure.
        
         | pigeonhole123 wrote:
         | This is an unavoidable problem of any observational study. Do
         | we have any randomized controlled trials that support the
         | current dogma of sun = bad?
        
       | thenerdhead wrote:
       | It's a great article. There definitely has been some back and
       | forth on this topic for many years. It probably will always be
       | like that, especially given it's in the same realm of artificial
       | light, eggs, and sugar.
       | 
       | I do believe much of these problems exist because of the literal
       | interpretation of the science. More people are thinking in
       | absolutes rather than how one can moderate these things in our
       | lives.
       | 
       | Even just last year, many "influencers" on social media were
       | misinforming younger people about the dangers of the sun.
       | Speaking in the sense of never going outside without proper
       | products. Debating if those products will give you the same
       | benefits without them on ridding the risk. But none the less,
       | selling a product at the end of the day.
       | 
       | America is one big shopping mall with everyone holding their
       | credit card out.
        
       | dilap wrote:
       | There's a study on rabbits that finds you can give them skin
       | cancer quite easily if you feed them a diet high in
       | polyunsaturated fats.
       | 
       | If the same holds true in humans, it could explain our high skin
       | cancer rates, since modern diets include a lot of polyunsaturated
       | fats.
       | 
       | A corollary of that is that it might be a very bad idea, indeed,
       | to stop using sunblock without also changing your diet, if you're
       | eating a typical diet.
       | 
       | (Because maybe the diet is causal and the coincidentally-also-
       | increasing-at-the-same-time sunblock use is actually a mitigating
       | factor.)
       | 
       | Still, I do find the arguments in favor of sunlight's beneficial
       | effects to be convincing. So my approach (/gamble) is to avoid
       | modern sources of polyunsaturated fat (basically: seed oils and
       | industrial ag chicken and pork) and mostly not wear sunblock.
       | 
       | (I'll let you know how it works out.)
        
         | astrange wrote:
         | What do rabbits have to do with humans? Rabbits also die of GI
         | stasis if they don't eat grass 24/7.
         | 
         | You gotta test with omnivores, and even then humans are more
         | omnivorous than most other animals (like dogs are poisoned by
         | grapes, chocolate, onions...).
        
           | dilap wrote:
           | Sure, it's not definitive, and rabbits are different from
           | humans in many ways, but at the cellular level they are
           | similar, & if skin cancer is a cellular phenomenon (say,
           | perhaps, driven by fat composition of the cell membranes),
           | it's likely the results would transfer.
           | 
           | (Hard to do this kind of research in humans, so you have to
           | use animal models and use good judgement/guess at the
           | applicability.)
        
       | twofornone wrote:
       | >These are dark days for supplements. Although they are a
       | $30-plus billion market in the United States alone, vitamin A,
       | vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, beta-carotene, glucosamine,
       | chondroitin, and fish oil have now flopped in study after study
       | 
       | Since the byline brings up race, its kind an aside but I'm almost
       | convinced that a lot of our large scale nutritional/alternative
       | medical studies give mixed results (and are not reproducable)
       | because researchers are unwilling to sufficiently control for
       | genes. High level categories like "black, white, hispanic, asian"
       | are not enough.
        
         | astrange wrote:
         | If the advice they're testing was actually strong, it'd work no
         | matter the genes you have.
         | 
         | Dietary genes aren't correlated to race of course, except for
         | rare ones like Inuits adapting to eating more fat.
         | 
         | For a large scale study I would check if they correlated for
         | geography, blood markers and diet outside the supplements.
        
           | taeric wrote:
           | Maybe. It is also plausible that ancestral diets have primed
           | people to react to different diets and needs.
        
             | twofornone wrote:
             | I think its absolutely certain that thousands of
             | generations of specialization for local geographies post
             | africa lead to disparate dietary needs. Yeah, humans can
             | pretty much eat anything, but regularly consuming the same
             | diet may may be ideal for one ethnic group and unhealthy
             | for another.
             | 
             | Hell, look at the distribution of lactose intolerance. Is
             | drinking milk racist?
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | Lactose intolerant cultures don't all avoid milk. They
               | develop cultural ways of processing it like kefir that
               | eliminate lactose, or they're Japanese and just drink it
               | anyway because they're masochists and think it builds
               | character.
               | 
               | Actually, the most lactose intolerant people I know are
               | totally white and I think actually have worse undiagnosed
               | medical problems but just think they're lactose
               | intolerant. And Asians I know aren't lactose intolerant
               | because even though they "are Asian" culturally and would
               | look Asian to you they're actually 2/3 genetically
               | Scottish.
               | 
               | Testing milk as a supplement would be interesting I
               | guess; I know in the 90s we were all taught it was needed
               | for bones but more recently this is said to not be true
               | because 1. bones need vitamin K which we don't get enough
               | of and 2. cows milk contains galactose which is bad for
               | bones and may cause osteoporosis.
        
               | taeric wrote:
               | Probably more that being racially blind is a form of
               | racism. Probably not the worst, usually.
        
       | 999900000999 wrote:
       | To be fair, having different recommendations per race is
       | problematic.
       | 
       | The rapper Logic is African American, but he probably needs more
       | sunblock than Akon. I imagine Italians can tolerate more sunlight
       | than Norwegians
       | 
       | Like with most medical advice what works for Billy might not work
       | for Andy. But we have a massive medical industrial complex which
       | needs to sell as much crap as possible.
       | 
       | Wouldn't surprise me if the sunblock manufacturers are behind
       | some of this
        
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