[HN Gopher] Pedal Me bans staff riders from wearing helmets for ...
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       Pedal Me bans staff riders from wearing helmets for safety reasons
        
       Author : tejohnso
       Score  : 271 points
       Date   : 2022-05-22 12:30 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (bikebiz.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (bikebiz.com)
        
       | dawnerd wrote:
       | I can't real the article, the page keeps reloading itself but
       | please please wear a helmet. It's so incredibly irresponsible not
       | to.
        
         | Gravyness wrote:
         | Here is a excerpt from the article titled "Pedal Me bans staff
         | riders from wearing helmets for safety reasons" by Rebecca
         | Morley (no idea who she is or how to find her on
         | google/linkedin) on 08/02/2022 at https://bikebiz.com/pedal-me-
         | bans-staff-riders-from-wearing-...:
         | 
         | > Pedal Me has explained the reasons why it has banned staff
         | riders from wearing helmets.
         | 
         | > In a Twitter thread, the pedal-powered passenger and cargo
         | service said people that are taking risks that are sufficient
         | that they feel they need to wear helmets are 'not welcome to
         | work for us' - because its vehicles are heavy and could cause
         | harm, and because they carry small children on the bikes.
         | 
         | > Instead, it said it systematically works to reduce risk at
         | the source- by thorough risk assessment, a high level of
         | training, and near-miss reporting.
         | 
         | > "We know that increasing helmet wearing rates make cycling
         | more dangerous per mile - although there are confounding
         | factors here, this indicates that overall they do not provide a
         | strong protective effect in the round - otherwise the opposite
         | effect," said the company. "Extensive reading of the literature
         | suggests that this is because while helmets definitely help in
         | the event of a crash, that risk compensation results in more
         | collisions. So riders wearing helmets take greater risks, and
         | those driving around them take greater risks too.
         | 
         | > "A major cause of head injuries is going over the handlebars,
         | which is not possible with a 3 metre long bike. Another thing
         | that makes us unique is our training systems, maintenance
         | systems, and ability to track poor rider behaviour."
         | 
         | > [photo of twitter thread, the official place where all
         | important things are said and done]
         | 
         | > Pedal me: People that are taking risks that are sufficient
         | that they feel they need to wear helmets are not welcome to
         | work for us - because our vehicles are heavy and could cause
         | harm, and because we carry small children on our bikes.
         | 
         | > Clive Andrews: That would indeed be interesting to know.
         | Compulsion is a bad idea - in either direction. What's the
         | score, @pedalmeapp?
         | 
         | Instead - we systematically work to reduce risk.(1/n)
         | 
         | > Pedal Me said it observes that companies that use helmets
         | while wearing cargo bikes seem to be 'much more likely' to jump
         | red lights and take greater risks. The company said the
         | majority of injuries to its riders occur off the bike, which it
         | knows because of its near miss and incident reporting, and
         | that's its focus for tackling danger.
         | 
         | Not sure if sharing articles here is against the rules, please
         | let me know.
        
       | cultofmetatron wrote:
       | I personally ride without a helmet because the added weight and
       | reduction invisibility reduces my awareness.
       | 
       | That said, id never force someone else to eschew wearing a
       | helmet. You have zero guarantee that what applies for one person
       | applies to another rider in this context
        
       | whimsicalism wrote:
       | IIRC it is studied that cars behave more dangerously around
       | bikers with helmets while they give a wide berth to unhelmeted
       | bikers.
        
         | tomphoolery wrote:
         | "it is studied" Source please? This sounds like absolute
         | bullshit. I've known so many people who have been killed or
         | permanently disfigured because they didn't wear a helmet while
         | biking in a large city. Cars don't give a fuck about us.
        
           | andrenotgiant wrote:
           | https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/publications/bicycle-
           | he...
        
             | gus_massa wrote:
             | From the abstract:
             | 
             | > _The distribution of overtaking events shifted just over
             | one-fifth of a standard deviation closer to the rider - a
             | potentially important behaviour if, as theoretical
             | frameworks suggest, near-misses and collisions lie on a
             | continuum._
             | 
             | Looking at the graph in figure 1, " _one-fifth of a
             | standard_ " looks as unimpressive as expected. The distance
             | from the kerb looks much more relevant.
             | 
             | IIUC all the analysis is based on 2355 data gathered by
             | Walker riding a bike himself a few years ago between two
             | cities. It's not a mix of data from different persons or a
             | mix of city and countryside rides. The most interesting
             | part is that Walker published 5 articles about the same
             | data, and he got a different result in each one.
        
               | analog31 wrote:
               | Indeed the researcher was his own test subject.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | Yes, but you're missing that overtaking events is just
               | one of the metrics in question.
               | 
               | You're right that perhaps it is a big difference between
               | cyclists, my guess would be the number of cars matters
               | more than the number of cyclists. The study has been
               | replicated elsewhere.
               | 
               | > Walker published 5 articles about the same data, and he
               | got a different result in each one.
               | 
               | Uh, no? The 8.5 cm result has been consistent.
               | 
               | At the margin, these things make a difference, especially
               | given that collisions are rare as a fraction for rides
               | taken.
        
           | littlestymaar wrote:
           | Wikipedia links to this study[1] which found a difference of
           | about 8,5cm in average, which sounds far from significant
           | from a safety perspective (and again according to Wikipedia
           | this study has been disputed).
           | 
           | [1] https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.aap.2006.08.010
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | As a biker who understands marginal thinking, 8.5 cm could
             | absolutely be significant from a safety perspective.
             | 
             | The study is disputed by one researcher, the paper I linked
             | contains a rebuttal and I think it is convincing.
        
           | whimsicalism wrote:
           | https://psyarxiv.com/nxw2k
           | 
           | To be clear, I am _not_ saying that it is safer to ride
           | without a helmet, just an interesting study of behavior.
           | 
           | I get that you know people who are harmed by cars (as do I),
           | but your appeal to pathos & anecdote should not have a
           | bearing here.
        
           | logifail wrote:
           | > This sounds like absolute bullshit. I've known so many
           | people who have been killed or permanently disfigured because
           | they didn't wear a helmet while biking in a large city.
           | 
           | When I was at uni and was cycling to a 10am lecture, a small
           | van pulled out of a side road across my path. I was in a
           | cycle lane and had right of way. He simply didn't look in my
           | direction until he had already started to pull out. I was
           | unable to stop or avoid him, so hit the front of his van head
           | on, was briefly airborne, and landed on the road on the other
           | side. Miraculously only scuffs and bruises, although my bike
           | was a write-off. At that point I started wearing a
           | helmet(!!!)
           | 
           | The next year, one of my friends went over the handlebars of
           | her bike during a collision, except she landed head-first on
           | the road, thankfully she _was_ wearing a helmet. The helmet
           | was split, she walked away with nothing other than mild
           | concussion. Another friend and I walked out to rescue her
           | bike later from the accident location, it also was a write-
           | off.
           | 
           | Once you've seen a bike accident up-close there is simply no
           | justification for not wearing a helmet. Even if you haven't
           | seen an accident, wear a helmet!
        
         | perlgeek wrote:
         | There was one study about that, which was... not very robust
         | science. It relied on self-report of the biker (and if I
         | remember correctly, it was just a single one, so not enough
         | data).
        
           | whimsicalism wrote:
           | Fair enough, although it relied on video data, not self
           | report, and included over 2300 cars. Perhaps it would have
           | been different for different cyclists.
           | 
           | Here is a study investigating this methodology of studying
           | car behavior and ultimately concluding it is useful: https://
           | www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S00014...
        
             | perlgeek wrote:
             | ... or in different cities, or even different countries, or
             | at different times of day, or in different seasons.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | You're right, although I think you would find that it is
               | very common for people to incorrectly generalize all
               | sorts of studies beyond their geographic purview given
               | that most psychological studies are conducted in regions
               | close to major research unis. See also the "WEIRD"
               | phenomenon.
               | 
               | Not sure about the time or season though.
        
           | sampo wrote:
           | > There was one study about that, which was... not very
           | robust science. It relied on self-report of the biker
           | 
           | Here is another study, where they measured the distance to
           | overtaking cars with a distance sensor:
           | 
           | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S00014.
           | ..
           | 
           | "A Trek hybrid bicycle was fitted with a Massa M-5000/95
           | temperature-compensated ultrasonic distance sensor with its
           | centre 0.77 m from the ground, facing perpendicularly to the
           | direction of travel and feeding into a laptop computer
           | running MultiLab software via a MultiLog Pro data-logger
           | sampling from the sensor at 50 Hz."
        
             | mrgoldenbrown wrote:
             | This study is done by the same researcher as the first. I
             | applaud Walker for studying this, but both his studies have
             | a sample size of one cyclist - himself, riding in one area
             | of one country. [He did put a wig on sometimes, so maybe
             | you could say the sample size is 2? ]
        
           | saghm wrote:
           | > It relied on self-report of the biker (and if I remember
           | correctly, it was just a single one, so not enough data).
           | 
           | Unless I'm misunderstanding what's meant by "self-reporting",
           | it sounds like regardless of how many riders they got data
           | from, it would say that there are 0 fatalities to bikers
           | because people who are dead don't respond to surveys.
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | This is not a study of biker fatalities and my intuitive
             | guess is they would be significantly higher for bikers
             | without helmets for a number of reasons.
        
               | saghm wrote:
               | I agree that they would likely be higher for bikers
               | without helments; I guess I misunderstood what the study
               | was about, but my point was that if you relied on self-
               | reporting for the number of fatalities, nobody would be
               | able to report that they died for obvious reasons.
        
             | mrgoldenbrown wrote:
             | The study was performed by Ian Walker. Self reporting means
             | he was both the researcher and the cyclist - he rode his
             | bike, reported the data, then analyzed it. There were no
             | surveys or other riders. Unless you count "female Walker",
             | when he wore a wig.
        
           | BurningFrog wrote:
           | Yeah, there is always a study made somewhere by somebody
           | supporting whatever you want to believe in.
           | 
           | Individual studies are on average fairly useless.
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | Could you reply with the study showing the opposite using
             | new data? It should be pretty easy given that there is
             | always a study showing you what you want.
             | 
             | I'll be waiting :)
        
               | BurningFrog wrote:
               | There is a big asymmetry of effort in these kinds of
               | requests, that are easily mistaken for winning the
               | argument.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | It's pretty easy to win the argument when the opposing
               | side is "studies are meaningless."
        
         | fian wrote:
         | The problems is that cars passing cyclists isn't the only time
         | adverse car-cyclist interactions occur.
         | 
         | I have been T-boned by a driver approaching from the opposite
         | direction, in full daylight with no visual disruptions, when
         | they failed to "look bike" and turned across my lane. They
         | totally did not see me - so they fact I was wearing a helmet
         | did not factor at all into the situation.
         | 
         | I was flipped through the air and landed 10m down the side road
         | on my back. My backpack took the brunt of of the impact but my
         | head still snapped back and hit the ground. The helmet
         | protected my head and prevented what would have at least been a
         | concussion and possibly a fractured skull.
         | 
         | In my 30+ years of regularly cycling on roads, I'd say the
         | majority of close calls I've had have happened in with cars
         | turning out of side streets of with cars turning across my lane
         | from the opposite direction. Those are due to a combination of
         | the following in my perceived order of likelihood:
         | 
         | - the driver checking for cars/buses/trucks and not looking for
         | motorcycles or bicycles - the driver seeing the cyclist but
         | totally misjudging their speed and assuming they have time to
         | complete their turn in front of the bike - the driver being as
         | asshole and cutting off the cyclist.
         | 
         | _Maybe_ the cyclist wearing helmet could affect the second
         | scenario. It doesn't affect the first scenario and assholes are
         | assholes regardless of helmet wearing.
         | 
         | I've had less trouble with close/reckless overtaking. It does
         | happen, but it is highly unlike the car driver completely fails
         | to see a cyclist they are overtaking.
         | 
         | Saying helmets reduce rider safety due to one scenario, where
         | the car driver has to see the helmet and thus the cyclist in
         | order to make a more risky overtaking gap judgement call, seems
         | like a massive stretch to me.
        
           | whimsicalism wrote:
           | Absolutely agree, just thought it was interesting piece of
           | evidence.
           | 
           | As a regular biker, close passes are also a smaller of my
           | concerns compared to most of the other hazards on the road.
        
       | andrew_ wrote:
       | Seems unreachable using Brave. Continually redirects.
        
         | bragr wrote:
         | I'm getting this as well
        
           | dundarious wrote:
           | Same on iOS Safari. Forcibly redirects to an /amp/ suffix.
           | Thankfully, Archive.ph could swallow that AMP garbage:
           | https://archive.ph/I6XGG
        
       | perlgeek wrote:
       | This assumes that the risk primarily originates from the riders,
       | not from other traffic participants.
       | 
       | Is there any data to substantiate this?
        
         | scotty79 wrote:
         | Other participants take less risk with riders not wearing
         | helmets. There's data on this. For example they leave more room
         | between the bicycle and a car when they are passing.
        
           | mrgoldenbrown wrote:
           | Is the data you're talking about the data from Ian Walker's
           | study in Bath, England? The sample size was one rider -
           | himself. Other folks have analyzed his raw data and disputed
           | the statistical power of the effect described. That rebuttal
           | has also been re-rebutted. So that's three published studies
           | about this, and three sets of headlines, but as far as I can
           | tell, there's only ever been one actual study that collected
           | data, and it was based on one dude in one area of one
           | country.
        
           | alpaca128 wrote:
           | There's an easy fix for that; drive in the middle of the
           | lane. At least where I live it's impossible to legally
           | overtake a cyclist without switching lanes so for anyone
           | driving correctly it doesn't make a difference anyway. Of
           | course that's not a hard rule for every situation, but after
           | a couple situations that almost killed me I just try to
           | reduce risks. Car drivers hate us either way.
        
           | newaccount74 wrote:
           | As long as they see me I don't worry. They might do stupid
           | stuff like honk at me or pass with small distance, but it's
           | unlikely they'll kill me.
           | 
           | The thing I'm afraid of is a car hitting me at high speed
           | cause they didn't see me, that would probably kill me.
        
         | sswaner wrote:
         | As an active cyclist that was my first thought. Auto drivers
         | texting while driving is my bigger concern. I wear a helmet to
         | hopefully survive that encounter.
        
         | sampo wrote:
         | > Is there any data to substantiate this?
         | 
         | Risk compensation is a known _theory_ in psychology. But as is
         | normal for psychology, arguments fly back and forth, and there
         | is no settled consensus.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk_compensation#Bicycle_helm...
        
         | littlestymaar wrote:
         | There is none, the "risk compensation" theory is a myth
         | invented by Sam Peltzman without any evidence for the
         | phenomenon (but as a good member of the Chicago school of
         | Economics, his goal wasn't to make scientific discovery backed
         | by facts, but to create a narrative against state regulations
         | of any kind)
        
       | loloquwowndueo wrote:
       | Wearing a helmet is a low-cost no-brainer and it provides
       | increased protection. It does NOT turn riders into daredevils,
       | fairly certain any statistics that say so don't distinguish
       | between single riders and those riding with cargo or passengers
       | which are not idiots and know to adjust their riding accordingly.
       | 
       | I'm fine with riders being able to choose whether to wear a
       | helmet based on their skill, confidence and situation. But saying
       | "wearing a helmet turns you into a psycho so don't, or we'll fire
       | you" is really nonsensical and irresponsible.
        
         | yellowapple wrote:
         | > Wearing a helmet is a low-cost no-brainer
         | 
         | Or in this case, a low-cost keep-your-brainer.
        
           | shrimpx wrote:
           | A low-cost brainer.
        
       | itronitron wrote:
       | Pedal Me should instead mandate that all staff riders wear
       | helmets, but that those helmets must be 'high-visibility'
       | (painted neon yellow, green, or pink, and with reflective
       | stickers.)
       | 
       | They can then tell customers that the helmets are there to
       | improve visibility and therefore safety of their passengers.
        
         | kijin wrote:
         | Even better, put their own logo on the helmets and treat it as
         | a kind of uniform, just like the pink mustache that Lyft used
         | to have. That would double as free advertising, too.
        
       | holoduke wrote:
       | It's interesting that in the country where you have most bikes,
       | the Netherlands, nobody is wearing helmets. Probably because it
       | has the safest bike road network in the world. but still. Couple
       | of deadly incidents every year occur because of no helmet.
       | Something similar you see in France with skiing. While in Austria
       | everybody is wearing a helmet in France is less than half of the
       | skiers. Something cultural i guess.
        
       | timbaboon wrote:
       | End of 2020 I had a serious bike accident. I was specifically
       | riding slowly and carefully because I did not want to fall and
       | end up in hospital - in the middle of the second wave in SA and a
       | shortage of hospital space. Even so, I had the most ridiculous
       | and embarrassing crash, whilst hardly moving, and ended up in the
       | ER. I was wearing a helmet and I still got a concussion. My
       | helmet was broken and certainly saved me from a much more serious
       | head injury. Additionally, the peak on the front managed to
       | prevent my nose from smashing into the ground too (it was a weird
       | angle). I would never cycle without a helmet ever.
        
         | kuroguro wrote:
         | Reminds me of when I first learned that most snowboarding
         | injuries are at low speed or standing still and slipping. Not
         | sure if it's true, but could be. Slipped on ice a few times -
         | my tail bone didn't appreciate it.
        
         | gameswithgo wrote:
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | Yeah, not sure how more careful a rider you can be when you
         | have your own toddler in a child-seat behind you -- and yet my
         | bike went down on an unexpectedly slick part of the pavement. I
         | had a helmet on, as did my toddler.
         | 
         | I don't buy the argument that because someone has a helmet on
         | they're intentionally (or even subconsciously) reckless. Shit
         | can happen.
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | > Yeah, not sure how more careful a rider you can be when you
           | have your own toddler in a child-seat behind you -- and yet
           | my bike went down on an unexpectedly slick part of the
           | pavement. I had a helmet on, as did my toddler.
           | 
           | How does one safely transport a toddler? I am not asking
           | incredulously, but curiously. I am an experienced cyclist; I
           | don't know if I'd feel safe doing it, but I haven't looked
           | into it either. Maybe a helmet is sufficient? And cars aren't
           | perfectly safe either.
        
       | Kaibeezy wrote:
       | _" riders wearing helmets take greater risks"_
       | 
       | That's why I've glued 3-inch shards of broken glass to my
       | steering wheel.
        
         | Qub3d wrote:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon_Tullock#Tullock's_spike (I
         | think this was mentioned earlier but I can't find the comment,
         | so I'll just link it again)
        
       | mrraj wrote:
       | I'd assume their dataset are professional couriers, <30, skewing
       | male, which would be a high risk-taking pool. If that's the case
       | wouldn't that make their conclusion conditional on being in that
       | demographic? What if you're not?
       | 
       | Despite that, there are actually a few good examples of safety
       | equipment causing more injury. Off the top of my head, striking
       | combat sports have a similar opinion of headgear in sparring, it
       | causes the participants to throw harder resulting in more head
       | trauma. Similar sentiments with helmets & padding in football.
       | 
       | A bit apples and oranges with cycling as these are more example
       | of mutually assured self destruction vs a car pulling out in
       | front of you.
        
       | edmcnulty101 wrote:
       | Helmets are trying to reduce an already tiny risk.
       | 
       | We live in a world of safety fanaticism.
        
         | paulryanrogers wrote:
         | Unlikely in the average but catastrophic to the individuals who
         | lose the bet. Often society has to pay for the consequence to
         | the victim.
         | 
         | Which reminds me I need to get a helmet for my youngest, even
         | though she's only a rider.
        
         | realtomhanks wrote:
         | It's political correctness gone mad!
        
         | sva_ wrote:
         | If you fall on asphalt without a helmet, you can very easily
         | get seriously injured
        
           | _Wintermute wrote:
           | And this is why you always wear a helmet when walking or
           | going for a jog?
        
             | II2II wrote:
             | Many walkers and joggers wear a lit up harness (or even
             | bicycle lights) to improve their visibility while walking
             | after dark in my area. So yes, some wear safety gear.
        
             | sva_ wrote:
             | If you cycle a lot, you're almost guaranteed to crash at
             | some point. Falling from walking or jogging is extremely
             | unlikely. You also have much better chance of blocking the
             | fall with your arms, as they're not on a handlebar, but
             | rather already balancing your body.
        
             | nkingsy wrote:
             | It's very hard to fall on your head at 10 mph or greater
             | when jogging
        
             | somewhereoutth wrote:
             | When did anyone fall off a walk or a jog?
        
               | MafellUser wrote:
               | When was the last time you've been outside?
        
               | edmcnulty101 wrote:
               | How often do people fall off of bicycles?
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | Every single winter lots of people fall when walking or
               | jogging.
        
             | yellowapple wrote:
             | Unless you're Usain Bolt, you probably ain't jogging or
             | walking at bicycle speeds.
        
               | edmcnulty101 wrote:
               | At bicycle speeds?
        
               | isbvhodnvemrwvn wrote:
               | 15-35 kmph for recreational usage. It's sprinting speeds
               | for people who walk.
        
           | harvey9 wrote:
           | I used to be an EMT. There was one week when I went to two
           | different calls that illustrated this perfectly. Both riders
           | middle aged, both at low speed. One wearing a helmet hit a
           | pothole and had minor facial injuries despite going over the
           | handlebars. The other no helmet and out of practice fell
           | sideways and the first thing to hit the kerb was her head.
           | She's permanently disabled and living in a care facility.
        
             | edmcnulty101 wrote:
             | Anecdotal fear inducing internet story.
             | 
             | Statistically 'in real life' extremely rare for this to
             | happen.
        
               | anonymousab wrote:
               | > Statistically 'in real life' extremely rare for this to
               | happen.
               | 
               | Just like most forms of harm; most of the time that you
               | take some form of insurance against a negative event,
               | it's not necessarily because of the likelihood of that
               | event, but the sheer totality of the harm that will occur
               | if that extremely rare event comes to pass.
        
               | harvey9 wrote:
               | Yeah. But the family of the rider probably wishes she
               | wasn't a statistic.
        
         | II2II wrote:
         | The "tiny risk" and potentially large consequences is why
         | people should choose to wear helmets, regardless of experience.
         | You never quite know when an accident is going to happen and it
         | is difficult to account for that. The big risks are easier to
         | account for, to be alert and modify your behaviour accordingly.
         | 
         | I have seen experienced ice skaters go from not wearing a
         | helmet to being fanatical about wearing one, simply because
         | they had an accident and had to deal with the consequences. I
         | have also seen experienced cyclists who would have likely lost
         | their life if they weren't wearing a helmet.
         | 
         | As for the company in question, which (incidently) was
         | insisting that employees _not_ wear helmets, it sounds more
         | like a decision based upon the perceptions of customers. If
         | they were truly interested in hiring people who are safety
         | conscious, they would hire people who are safety conscious
         | rather than those who are willing to ride without a helmet.
         | There are more than a few people who don 't wear helmets who
         | have an astronomically high tollerance of risk.
        
           | shkkmo wrote:
           | Out of all the people who are vehemently arguing that it is
           | pure idiocy not to wear a helmet, how many of them wear a
           | helmet when driving? I can pretty safely guess that the
           | answer is a big fat zero.
           | 
           | Driving is high risk activity that can lead to severe head
           | injuries. It is even easier to keep a helmet with your car
           | than with your bike. The cost to risk profile here is
           | extremely similar but the resultant behavior is quite
           | different.
           | 
           | People rarely approach risks rationally and risk avoidance
           | behavior is highly influenced by social acceptability.
           | 
           | During my lifetime of skiing, I have seen the shift from
           | nobody wearing helmets to most people wearing them. The ski
           | patrols worked hard to make helmet wearing first socially
           | acceptable and then socially expected (at least in some
           | groups.) The risks didn't changed, there was some rise in
           | awareness, but the biggest change (from my perspective) is
           | social.
           | 
           | This I see the vehement support for helmet wearing as
           | predominantly cultural alignment enforcement rather than
           | reasoned risk avoidance analysis.
           | 
           | Personally, I always wear a helmet skiing because it is more
           | comfortable, plus I ski FAST sometimes. I rarely wear a
           | helmet on a bicycle because I bike slow and strongly try to
           | avoid situations where my safety is in the hands of other
           | drivers. Instead I stick to mostly quiet residential streets,
           | bike paths, or separated bike lines. The helmet has a much
           | larger impact on my risk profile when skiing than biking
           | because of my behaviors.
           | 
           | All that said, I don't think that the company should ban
           | standard safety gear for their riders. Especially since they
           | claim to have good incident tracking, they should be able to
           | find and let go any riders who act recklessly with a helmet.
        
             | II2II wrote:
             | Is there even a need for a helmet in most motor vehicles?
             | Many safety features are already incorporated into the
             | vehicle and the vehicle itself must meet safety standards.
             | Contrast that to bicycles, which are often sold without
             | legally mandated safety features and it is very much
             | possible to purchase a new bicycle which should be
             | considered criminally unsafe.[1]
             | 
             | The only reason why we are asking these questions is
             | because things that are legally required for automakers is
             | left, at best, as a responsibility to the consumer when it
             | comes to bicycles.
             | 
             | [1] To be specific, any department store should be regarded
             | as a death trap prior to a knowledgeable person verifying
             | that it has been assembled properly. Even then one has to
             | be careful since the components are typically intended for
             | very light use.
        
             | Sebb767 wrote:
             | > Driving is high risk activity that can lead to severe
             | head injuries. It is even easier to keep a helmet with your
             | car than with your bike. The cost to risk profile here is
             | extremely similar but the resultant behavior is quite
             | different.
             | 
             | Just FTR, don't wear a helmet while driving a car. It will
             | massively increase the strain on your spine in the case of
             | a crash and your airbags are not built with helmets in
             | mind. Additionally, car helmets are usually of the full-
             | size kind and reduce your field of vision quite a bit.
             | There's a reason helmets are not recommended for normal
             | driving.
        
         | alanbernstein wrote:
         | Sorry, but this is a bad, dumb comment. Your point is valid
         | generally, but not here.
         | 
         | What is the COST of wearing a helmet? $60 purchase and 5
         | seconds every time you ride. Essentially nothing.
         | 
         | Compare to, e.g. TSA, which has a cost of billions of dollars
         | and millions of person-hours. Unlike helmets, which are known
         | to actually prevent some injuries, TSA is also effectively
         | useless at its intended goal.
        
           | ginko wrote:
           | >What is the COST of wearing a helmet? $60 purchase and 5
           | seconds every time you ride. Essentially nothing.
           | 
           | For me the main cost is having to carry around a bulky helmet
           | when I'm off the bike and ugly indentations on my hair and
           | forehead.
        
           | edmcnulty101 wrote:
           | It's hypocritical of you to not be wearing full body chain
           | mail to protect yourself from bullets and stabbings.
           | 
           | There's more gunshots and stabbings than people injuring
           | their head on bicycles.
           | 
           | You can buy a suit of chainmail for the same price as a
           | modern bicycle.
           | 
           | Its minimal cost.
        
             | anonymousab wrote:
             | > It's hypocritical of you to not be wearing full body
             | chain mail to protect yourself from bullets and stabbings.
             | 
             | In most countries, the risk of shootings or stabbings are
             | orders of magnitude lower than having a fall or accident on
             | a bike on the road with other types of vehicles.
             | 
             | In certain parts of the US, though? Yeah, wearing body
             | armor would probably be a good idea. I think people just
             | generally try to avoid going to those places as their
             | strategy of risk avoidance, which negates the need for any
             | body armor.
        
               | edmcnulty101 wrote:
               | I bet if you looked up just about any region in the world
               | shootings and stabbings have been way more frequently
               | than bicycle head injuries.
               | 
               | to be absolutely safe you should wear both full body
               | chainmail and a bicycle helmet.
        
         | nkingsy wrote:
         | A minor fall on a bike that results in a blow to the head can
         | kill you or give you major brain damage. I am not a social
         | person and I know as in we would hug if we saw each other 2
         | people who had life altering brain damage not wearing a helmet.
        
       | throw__away7391 wrote:
       | Is this true?
       | 
       | Anecdotally I bought a very fast electric scooter last year, but
       | initially I didn't have a helmet. It took about two weeks to
       | finally receive a helmet that fit me, and I didn't take it at top
       | speed until then. I definitely feel much more secure riding with
       | the helmet on...and take more risks than I would without it.
        
       | jacknews wrote:
       | Is this the same argument as 'we should ban condoms, because
       | people have more sex when they think they have some protection'
       | ...
        
       | gumby wrote:
       | This is extremely context specific. It calls to mind another
       | counter-intuitive Dutch effort, in which stop signs and speed
       | limits were removed, which slowed traffic down and made a village
       | safer. Traffic engineers know that too many stop signs increase
       | the speed of driving as impatient drivers speed up between stop
       | signs.
       | 
       | http://www.godutch.com/newspaper/index.php?id=1557
        
       | bigcat12345678 wrote:
       | This whole idea of wearing helmet results riskier behavior is
       | about bullshit as the WMD theory of Iraq invasion.
       | 
       | If pedal me indeed is spending resources on education and
       | training of their employees, which they claimed allow them to
       | maintain high standard of safety. Then, it's self evident that
       | wearing helmet will be better, as the same training can help them
       | overcome the tendance to be riskier wearing helmet.
       | 
       | There is no reason to claim that training for wearing helmet and
       | not wearing helmet would not result into equally effective
       | results.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | polote wrote:
       | At my scale, I know that when I go mountain biking, when I have
       | an helmet, I go faster and take much more risk than when I don't
       | have an helmet. I don't have any data point about road biking,
       | because I never wear a helmet. But thinking about it, I would
       | also take more risks with more protective equipments
        
         | throwaway4220 wrote:
         | But what is your overall safety. Like can you still get
         | seriously injured being careful not wearing a helmet
        
           | jtbayly wrote:
           | Can you still get seriously injured being careful wearing a
           | helmet?
        
             | isbvhodnvemrwvn wrote:
        
         | kzrdude wrote:
         | I know me, I was already going as fast as possible on a city
         | bike. With a helmet I'm safer when actually having an accident.
        
       | Sebb767 wrote:
       | How dare those guys drive on roads with cars!
       | 
       | This seems insane. _Even if_ the data supported this, anyone from
       | the PR department should have seen how much bad press this
       | generates from a mile away.
        
         | _Wintermute wrote:
         | From their point of view, it's like if a delivery company
         | banned drivers from installing roll-cages and racing harnesses
         | - the initial question should be, why on earth do you think you
         | need that?
        
           | ericbarrett wrote:
           | A fall from bicycle height onto concrete can _kill you_ if
           | you hit your head--even if the bicycle is completely
           | stationary. This rule is BS and I expect the company will be
           | pressured to reverse their decision immediately.
           | 
           | Sincerely, a guy who's probably alive because of a bicycle
           | helmet.
        
           | jstanley wrote:
           | It's more like banning drivers from wearing seatbelts.
        
           | Sebb767 wrote:
           | It's more like if a delivery company banned their drivers
           | from installing seat belts and airbags. Even if you are a
           | perfect driver, other people aren't and on a bike, your will
           | be the one hurting after a crash.
        
             | _Wintermute wrote:
             | Not at all. Seatbelts are a legal requirement, helmets are
             | not. This is employees wearing body amour, which is seen as
             | either encouraging risk-taking, or giving the illusion that
             | the activity is risky.
        
               | indymike wrote:
               | I'm pretty sure a professional looking branded helmet
               | would be better for business. This is just a classic case
               | of putting the employee at risk of injury to scire some
               | tiny marketing points. This is an easy decision. Endanger
               | employees or make a tiny bit more money. Factor in one
               | lawsuit and all the profit will be gone.
        
               | Sebb767 wrote:
               | In Germany it's actually discussed quite heavily whether
               | to make helmets a legal requirement. I also don't see how
               | you don't think of bikes driving on roads as risky. Even
               | with a helmet, you can get very seriously injured; a
               | helmet will just help you to not die and (hopefully)
               | still walk again afterwards. Feel free to look up images
               | from serious bike accidents; I can't imagine anyone sane
               | risking that, helmet or not.
        
               | _Wintermute wrote:
               | I cycle 10,000km+ a year in London, so I think I have a
               | better idea about this than the vast majority of HN
               | commenters. I generally wear a helmet, but encouraging
               | and definitely enforcing helmet use is the least
               | effective thing we can do to protect people [0].
               | 
               | https://lmb.org/wp-
               | content/uploads/2022/01/FJKHORIVUAI799Z.j...
        
               | yellowapple wrote:
               | Nobody's even "encouraging" (let alone "enforcing")
               | helmet use in this case. This is purely staff riders
               | choosing on their own whether or not they should wear a
               | helmet, and Pedal Me throwing a fit over it over some
               | patently absurd "safety reasons".
        
               | jstanley wrote:
               | If you generally wear a helmet, aren't you either
               | encouraging risk-taking, or giving the illusion that the
               | activity is risky?
        
               | Sebb767 wrote:
               | Well, if you think wearing a helmet increases risk, why
               | do you wear one?
               | 
               | Don't get me wrong, I don't want to force anyone to wear
               | a helmet. It's completely fine if one wants to take that
               | risk. But forbidding them is just insane.
               | 
               | Also, helmets are not a get-out-of-jail-free-card. They
               | increase your chances of survival in case of a crash, you
               | will still get injured. Protecting people might be the
               | least effective thing compared to eliminating the hazard,
               | but splitting cars and bikes is simply not always an
               | option.
        
               | _Wintermute wrote:
               | I never said _I_ think wearing a helmet increases risk. I
               | was pointing out their reasoning which many people here
               | seem to be missing.
        
               | Sebb767 wrote:
               | Fair enough, I did indeed miss that!
               | 
               | But I stand by my original comment, even if they do think
               | forbidding helmets avoids a few accidents, they should
               | have smelled the shitstorm from a mile away (and people
               | running a bike company should really be more empathetic
               | towards bikers).
        
               | anonymousab wrote:
               | > or giving the illusion that the activity is risky.
               | 
               | Urban biking is inherently risky, especially in
               | countries/states/cities with lackluster or nonexistent
               | safe cycling infrastructure.
               | 
               | Wearing a helmet is just trying to reduce the potential
               | damage from unforeseen and unexpected accidents - things
               | that may likely be 100% outside of control of the biker
               | once they are on the road. It's not a matter of "I want
               | to wear a helmet so that I can take more risks" and it's
               | ridiculous that Pedal Me is peddling such an excuse.
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | Not at all, the other analogy was better
               | 
               | Yours seems to be based on the assumption that if it is
               | not mandated by law, it is not a good idea that can save
               | lives, which is the criteria by which others are
               | evaluating this
               | 
               | It's also worth noting that biking in a city around cars
               | and bikes and other people IS objectively risky, to the
               | point where it is completely reasonable for someone to
               | choose to wear a single piece of safety equipment over
               | their single most important human organ
        
       | slackfan wrote:
        
         | renewiltord wrote:
         | HN is the average person forming an uneducated Wikipedia search
         | on the subject. Therefore has a massive status quo bias. They'd
         | believe a study that said they're holding a cube over the fact
         | that they can't find any corners.
         | 
         | There's no reason to hate that, though. It's just not an
         | experts forum. It's just a place for average people to chat on
         | tech-adjacent stuff. And there's no harm in that.
        
         | nkozyra wrote:
         | In these casual conversations non-experts weigh in and give
         | their opinions on subjects of all varieties all the time.
         | 
         | I'm assuming from the snark that you have some expertise in
         | this area and if so it would probably be good to see some of it
         | here because all I've seen from the company and commentary is
         | anecdata.
        
       | dspillett wrote:
       | _> seem to be 'much more likely'_
       | 
       | I'd expect something more solid than "seem to be" as evidence
       | from someone demanding I not wear a cycle helmet.
       | 
       | There is evidence that some drivers are less careful around
       | cyclists wearing helmets meaning there are more accidents, but if
       | you look deeper into to those stats most of the extra incidents
       | are relatively minor and on the major ones significant head
       | injuries are more common. So more a few more incidents, but the
       | survivability rate is still better overall with a helmet.
        
       | wzdd wrote:
       | This is a pedicab service. A cynic would assume that Pedal Me is
       | mandating this (and thus putting their drivers at risk) because
       | passengers are more nervous about taking a service where the
       | driver wears a helmet and they do not.
        
         | stjohnswarts wrote:
         | Those people aren't riding bikes 8-10 hours a day, 5-6 days a
         | week. If they can't see the difference then maybe they're
         | better off without a pedicab, I would be afraid to deal with
         | customers who were that smooth brained.
        
         | GuB-42 wrote:
         | So why not do the reasonable thing and provide passengers with
         | helmets, like they do with motorbike taxi?
        
           | Brian_K_White wrote:
           | Who decided that was reasonable? I certainly did not.
        
             | breakfastduck wrote:
             | You dont think its reasonable to offer passengers the
             | option to wear a helmet?
             | 
             | I suppose it's also not reasonable to provide seatbelts to
             | passengers as well as the driver of a taxi?
        
               | Brian_K_White wrote:
               | "You dont think its reasonable to offer passengers the
               | option to wear a helmet?"
               | 
               | No. Which means it's not automatically "the reasonable
               | thing", just an opinion.
        
               | mcherm wrote:
               | Just because one person disagrees doesn't mean it isn't
               | reasonable. I've met people who (claim to) believe the
               | earth is flat, but surely no one would consider that
               | belief "reasonable".
               | 
               | So I'm curious what the REASONING is behind your feeling
               | that offering passengers the option to wear a helmet is
               | unreasonable. Personally, I would AGREE that offering
               | passengers on a pedicab the option of a pineapple would
               | be unreasonable. There just isn't any practical
               | correlation between pineapples and pedicabs. But helmets
               | are different: there are large numbers of people who
               | campaign vigorously to persuade others to wear helmets
               | when on a bike; many places even have laws mandating
               | helmets on bikes, at least for some ages. So it is a
               | plausible thing for passengers to want. Given that, why
               | would it be unreasonable to offer it?
        
               | ModernMech wrote:
               | > Given that, why would it be unreasonable to offer it?
               | 
               | I'd worry about lice.
        
               | Brian_K_White wrote:
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | Declaring things "reasonable" based on nothing is like
               | declaring things "common sense" based on nothing. The
               | only way to disagree is to be unreasonable and stupid.
               | It's the kind of thing you say when you're demanding
               | people agree with you, not convincing them to.
        
               | mint2 wrote:
               | One of the hackers news guidelines is to take the
               | generous view of comments rather than reply based on the
               | most negative readings. Often the negative readings can
               | turn out to be an uncommon, Nonstandard interpretation.
               | 
               | Yes The context of the scope of the word "the" in the
               | comment that you're replying to is not specifically
               | written out, but most people and the poster will infer it
               | to be the context of the binary choice being discussed,
               | either offer or not offer helmets to passengers, and not
               | the global choice of offering them hover boards, bags of
               | octopus, or helmets or etc
        
               | Brian_K_White wrote:
               | I don't understand why I'm not allowed to point out that
               | the comment presumes.
               | 
               | Someon's feelings do not define that which is reasonable
               | for anyone else but theirself. But the comment presumes
               | it is. The comment skips past the arguability of that
               | position as though it were not arguable, and all I said
               | was that this is in fact arguable.
               | 
               | Whatever your problem with that is, isn't valid.
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | It makes the activity look dangerous. I do perceive motorbike
           | taxi as more dangerous then, say, car.
        
             | isbvhodnvemrwvn wrote:
             | It should not be a reasonable basis for denying their
             | employees right to wear PPE.
        
           | dymk wrote:
           | Lice
        
             | GuB-42 wrote:
             | It is a consideration, but there are solutions, like
             | disposable caps. There are also sanitizing sprays. It
             | wouldn't be the first time people share helmets.
             | 
             | Also, the idea is to offer an option. Not to make it
             | mandatory unless legislation require it. If your passengers
             | are more comfortable not wearing them, their choice.
        
         | searchableguy wrote:
         | Exactly what I think as well.
         | 
         | This might lower risk for the customers because driver may take
         | less risk without a helmet in some situation but the risk for
         | driver is only increased.
         | 
         | This is optimizing for customers at the cost of drivers.
         | 
         | I don't see any supportive extensive research linked from them
         | .
        
           | shrimpx wrote:
           | How is it optimizing for customers, when customers don't wear
           | helmets either?
        
             | robbrown451 wrote:
             | Because the crashes are less likely when the driver is not
             | wearing a helmet. This is sort of the point of the article.
        
               | shrimpx wrote:
               | Sorry I wasn't clear. How is it optimizing for customers
               | _at the cost of drivers_ , which is what the post I was
               | replying to said?
        
               | nielsole wrote:
               | While number of crashes are likely getting reduced, head
               | injuries to drivers may increase or be fatal.
        
         | snowwrestler wrote:
         | Correct, and publicly banning helmets is a publicity move (see:
         | we're talking about the company).
        
         | shrimpx wrote:
         | The obvious solution is to require passengers to wear helmets,
         | as well as the drivers. But this brings us to the core of the
         | endless helmet debate, which is that lots of people are deeply
         | repulsed by wearing a goofy ass helmet and getting nasty helmet
         | hair while out on the town. And the data shows that if you
         | require helmets, lots of people stop cycling -- in this case,
         | people would stop using bike taxis.
        
       | ck2 wrote:
       | Is their insurance aware of the "no helmet" requirement?
       | 
       | Because if not, they might have another problem.
       | 
       | Like motorcycles, you never see a "just a scratch" collision bike
       | vs car.
       | 
       | Maybe solves the cost of hospitalization if they are dead
       | instead.
        
       | alexggordon wrote:
       | Note, these are not normal bikes. From the article:
       | 
       | > A major cause of head injuries is going over the handlebars,
       | which is not possible with a 3 metre long bike. Another thing
       | that makes us unique is our training systems, maintenance
       | systems, and ability to track poor rider behaviour.
       | 
       | Made me curious what they actually look like[0].
       | 
       | Seeing that, I'd tend to reset my presumptions about wearing
       | helmets with these. There's definitely going to be a different
       | injury profile with these bikes than the bikes you rode as a kid.
       | Without seeing those injury profiles I'd probably say you can't
       | really deduce anything from this announcement.
       | 
       | [0] https://www.positive.news/wp-
       | content/uploads/2020/02/Pedal-M...
        
         | freedomben wrote:
         | I wish more people would see this! Judging by 95% of the
         | comments on here, people think it's just "helmets in general"
         | that they're talking about. The don't seem to realize that
         | these are not normal bikes.
        
         | cush wrote:
         | It's irrelevant how much data and training they have. Accidents
         | happen and an accident with a car and no helmet is a bad time.
        
         | skeeter2020 wrote:
         | I changed my mind; I don't think any of the people, the
         | driver/pedaller nor the passengers should have to wear helmets
         | because that would make them look stupid!
        
         | krab wrote:
         | I'd like to wear helmet as a passenger as well as a driver on
         | such bike. The helmet doesn't add almost any inconvenience, is
         | reasonably cheap and light. Why not wear it?
         | 
         | I use shared bikes one-way quite often and I usually carry my
         | helmet around, strapped to a backpack. In colder weather I
         | would cycle in a business shirt. No issue with a helmet.
        
           | rsanek wrote:
           | >Why not wear it?
           | 
           | The argument that is mentioned in the article -- "increasing
           | helmet wearing rates make cycling more dangerous per mile...
           | because while helmets definitely help in the event of a
           | crash, that risk compensation results in more collisions. So
           | riders wearing helmets take greater risks, and those driving
           | around them take greater risks too."
        
         | InCityDreams wrote:
         | My friend has given me permission to freely use the video of
         | them falling and cracking their helmet. I won't use
         | it....because the internet is a cunt..but, things do go
         | sideways, too.
        
         | Matthias247 wrote:
         | Sure. It makes the profile slightly different. But is it enough
         | different to eg say the risk of head injury is 99% reduced? I
         | doubt it.
         | 
         | Theres plenty of scenarios left. What about and impact from the
         | side and the rider falling in an arbitrary direction? A car
         | rear ending it? And while a front-flip due to heavy breaking is
         | unlikely, I'm sure if the front tire hits a high enough
         | obstacle at enough speed it would still do it
        
         | charles_f wrote:
         | > A major cause of head injuries is going over the handlebars,
         | which is not possible with a 3 metre long bike.
         | 
         | Disregards that going over the handlebars happens in case if
         | frontal collision, which can definitely happen with a 15m bike.
         | Would you hurt your head? Who knows, because they're not
         | looking at that statistics.
         | 
         | > makes us unique is our training systems, maintenance systems,
         | and ability to track poor rider behaviour
         | 
         | Victim blaming. Assumes that accidents can be prevented by
         | having a safer behaviour. They're lowered, sure, but
         | anecdotally in all the bike accidents of people I know, the car
         | involved did something stupid, and there's no prevention from
         | that, whatever you train people for, short of not going on the
         | road, they're at the mercy of people driving 2 tons of steel
         | whilst texting. Multiply by the extended time they spend out,
         | and it becomes statistics
        
         | aniforprez wrote:
         | This assumes that it's completely impossible to not hit your
         | head when you fall on your side. Which is blatantly not true.
         | This isn't a three-wheeler bike which is much harder to tip
         | over. It's just a two wheeler that's longer. I can attest from
         | personal experience that if you fall sideways, chances are
         | you'll crack the side of your skull open. I got into a bike
         | accident where someone T-boned me and if I hadn't had the
         | helmet on, at the very least I'd have a concussion
         | 
         | The idea that you don't need to wear a helmet cause you won't
         | fall over the handlebars is nonsense
        
       | kiba wrote:
       | Is there a way to fight risk compensation?
        
         | xyzzy4747 wrote:
         | Self control?
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | dariosalvi78 wrote:
       | Had an accident a few years back, not my fault. If it wasn't for
       | the helmet I would sit on a wheelchair.
        
       | calibas wrote:
       | "If you're driving so dangerously that you feel the need to wear
       | a seat belt, you shouldn't be driving a car."
        
         | watwut wrote:
         | That is actually true. If your driving style involves you
         | feeling those seat belts or situations in which you think you
         | might crash, the your driving style is too dangerous. Once in a
         | few years close call? ok. Regularly feeling like you need
         | seatbelts? You should not be driving and should take safety
         | focused additional lessons.
        
           | calibas wrote:
           | It's not even remotely true for a car seat belt or a bike
           | helmet. You can be extremely cautious, and still through no
           | fault of your own have someone crash into you.
        
             | watwut wrote:
             | Yes accidents happen to innocent people.
             | 
             | But no. If your driving style is such that you feel the
             | need of seatbelt or helmet, then it is too aggressive.
             | Otherwise said, if your biking story is "helmet saved my
             | life 5 times" then your crash rate is super high and the
             | common determinant is you.
             | 
             | Likewise, safe driving style never ends with anyone saying
             | "I am so glad I has seatbelts". It ends with people
             | unbuckling without thinking about seatbelts at all.
        
       | hcrean wrote:
       | There is an equation governing fatality along the lines of:
       | 
       | D% = A% * F%
       | 
       | A% = Chance of getting into an accident
       | 
       | F% = Chance of a given accident being fatal
       | 
       | D% = Chance of cyclist dying in a given time period
       | 
       | There is a possibility that the increase in A% caused by wearing
       | a helmet is greater than the corresponding decrease in F%, in
       | this case it is indeed safer not to wear helmets. To justify this
       | there would have to be some _VERY_ conclusive statistical
       | evidence support both sides of the calculation, or the company
       | will open itself up to a massive lawsuit the first time someone
       | has an accident.
        
       | bowsamic wrote:
       | That's the most London-based startup thing I've heard of
        
       | EveryCrownFall wrote:
       | Survivorship bias ?
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Survivorship_bias
        
       | qgin wrote:
       | I'm really looking forward to following this line of thinking to
       | it's eventual replacement of car airbags with nuclear bombs. How
       | much more careful would drivers be if they knew a collision would
       | kill everyone in a 100 mile radius?
        
       | blisterpeanuts wrote:
       | One good head injury and a lawsuit, and this company will be out
       | of business. And rightfully.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | mabbo wrote:
       | This feels a bit like the narrator in "Fight Club" explaining
       | "the formula" car manufacturers use.
       | 
       | > Take the number of vehicles in the field, A, multiply by the
       | probable rate of failure, B, multiply by the average out-of-court
       | settlement, C. A times B times C equals X. If X is less than the
       | cost of a recall, we don't do one.
       | 
       | Pedal Me has done the math on what the average settlement for a
       | traumatic brain injury to it's staff is going to be, multiplied
       | by the probability of such an event, and has decided that they'll
       | make more money without helmets.
       | 
       | It ignores that much of the risk comes from outside of the
       | drivers control. It ignores that driver behavior could otherwise
       | be monitored to ensure safety.
       | 
       | It would just be nice if it was honest- a driver with a helmet on
       | doesn't match the sexy appeal they're going for. That people
       | might say "if the driver needs a helmet why don't I, the rider?".
        
         | Rygian wrote:
         | I didn't remember that the real-life Ford Pinto case [1] was
         | mentioned in _Fight Club_. Time to watch it again.
         | 
         | [1] https://philosophia.uncg.edu/phi361-matteson/module-1-why-
         | do...
        
         | herodoturtle wrote:
         | Let's see how that works out for them. Being clever.
         | 
         | Edit: this was a tongue in cheek reference to the follow-up
         | line in Fight Club (after the scene alluded to by OP).
        
           | _Wintermute wrote:
           | They're hugely successful in London, so pretty well I guess?
        
             | Nextgrid wrote:
             | Are they? First time I'm hearing about those. Is there
             | actual demand for this?
             | 
             | I live in their target area and I can't ever recall a time
             | where I wanted to combine the risks & downsides of biking
             | _and_ ordering a cab.
             | 
             | If I want to bike (note: I wouldn't recommend it in Central
             | London), I'd get the Santander bikes or the various bike-
             | for-hire ones littering the streets and just do it myself.
             | 
             | If I wanted to spend time fiddling with my phone, I may as
             | well just order an Uber instead of this thing? The prices
             | would be similar considering they both have to pay drivers
             | and driver wages represent a significant chunk of the
             | sticker price of any manned transport-for-hire service so I
             | really don't see why anyone would get this thing instead of
             | a good old Uber.
        
               | _Wintermute wrote:
               | I see at least one or two of them every time I commute
               | across London, they seem predominantly used for
               | transporting items rather than people.
        
         | polote wrote:
        
           | teruakohatu wrote:
           | Comments like this do not make HN a better place. If you
           | think helmets are a safety hazard, please make your case
           | rather than mocking the OP.
        
             | moonbug wrote:
             | HN is not a good place.
        
               | aaaaaaaaata wrote:
               | Hm. Pretty jaded towards here and everything, and I
               | hadn't made my way to that, yet.
               | 
               | I'm sure one can make a case for it -- but do you really
               | feel that way as a default?
               | 
               | Why do you remain, if so?
        
         | scotty79 wrote:
         | I think the point is that you'll have less traumatic brain
         | injuries without helmets than with helmets because you'll have
         | less accidents over all and less severe ones.
         | 
         | If a cyclist have a helmet he and everyone around him behaves
         | dumber. This was researched.
        
           | mabbo wrote:
           | > less traumatic brain injuries without helmets than with
           | helmets because you'll have less accidents over all and less
           | severe ones.
           | 
           | Less accidents overall? I can believe that, maybe. But you'll
           | need to back up "less severe ones".
           | 
           | If a new driver who's phone distracted them for a split
           | second is going to hit me on my bike, I feel like it's going
           | to be more severe if I don't have a helmet on.
        
             | Tao332 wrote:
             | > I feel like it's going to be more severe if I don't have
             | a helmet on.
             | 
             | Without the helmet you die on the road. With the helmet you
             | die at the hospital.
        
           | tsimionescu wrote:
           | > If a cyclist have a helmet he and everyone around him
           | behaves dumber. This was researched.
           | 
           | This seems like an extraordinary claim, given that safety
           | systems in all other places have no such effects (or at
           | least, not as significant). I would very much like to see
           | this research, and even then I would be very wary of it.
           | 
           | Either way, it's irrelevant given the levels of training that
           | they are claiming they demand of their drivers. Given those
           | claims, it's obvious that they helmets + training would be
           | safer than just the training, if the training is good enough
           | to protect the drivers at all.
        
             | davidcbc wrote:
             | > This seems like an extraordinary claim, given that safety
             | systems in all other places have no such effects (or at
             | least, not as significant).
             | 
             | There are examples where safety systems cause increased
             | risk.
             | 
             | Football helmets are one. The helmet doesn't protect very
             | well against concussions and the presence of the helmet
             | makes it more likely for players to use their heads as a
             | weapon.
             | 
             | I don't know about this bike helmet example since the
             | actual data isn't available, but there are definitely times
             | when counterintuitively having a safety feature is riskier.
        
         | nbernard wrote:
         | > It ignores that much of the risk comes from outside of the
         | drivers control.
         | 
         | True; on the other hand I remember (I don't have a handy
         | reference, sorry) a study showing that car drivers were leaving
         | less space around cyclists wearing a helmet (hence increasing
         | the probability of a collision) than around those without...
        
       | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
       | I haven't seen anyone mentioning the Ian Walker study on drivers'
       | responses to cyclists with and without helmets.
       | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S00014...
        
         | isbvhodnvemrwvn wrote:
         | I don't have access to the study, but wasn't it the one where:
         | 
         | - the author was the only person studied
         | 
         | - the difference wasn't that big
         | 
         | ?
        
           | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
           | That's the one. Due to its small size, it's more indicative
           | of an effect - it would be interesting to see if it could be
           | replicated. There's some bike cams (Garmin?) that include a
           | radar to measure closeness of vehicles passing, so it would
           | be relatively easy to conduct a much larger scale.
        
       | edw519 wrote:
       | Translation: If you're an organ transplant candidate on a waiting
       | list, move to an area with more Pedal Me riders.
        
       | davidg109 wrote:
       | Do drivers take greater risks from wearing a seatbelt? Where's
       | the data to substantiate their claims?
        
         | sampo wrote:
         | > Do drivers take greater risks from wearing a seatbelt?
         | 
         | Some people have suggested even that:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk_compensation#Seat_belts
        
           | stephen_g wrote:
           | It seems completely debunked in that case at least.
           | 
           | I can imagine how somebody could have thought risk
           | compensation might be a thing in the short term - such as
           | when seatbelts were a new invention. I've seen the kind of
           | thing like people demonstrating how their active cruise
           | control won't let their new car crash into the car in front,
           | which is a pretty dumb idea (even if it will almost certainly
           | work). But that seems to wear off pretty quickly, and then
           | having it just becomes the default and you don't think of it
           | anymore, so I imagine any risk compensation would quickly
           | evaporate.
           | 
           | With bicycle helmets, they're mandatory here for riding out
           | on the street, so it was just always the default.
           | Anecdotally, putting on a helmet was and is just something we
           | always did, and never changed the perception of risk because
           | it was just the normal default. I don't even think about it,
           | just like how I always put on the seatbelt and then don't
           | think about it anymore.
        
             | yellowapple wrote:
             | > I've seen the kind of thing like people demonstrating how
             | their active cruise control won't let their new car crash
             | into the car in front, which is a pretty dumb idea (even if
             | it will almost certainly work)
             | 
             | Guilty as charged lol (though in my case it's to better
             | understand how ACC behaved in various situations, given my
             | unfamiliarity with it.
        
           | eropple wrote:
           | Followed immediately in the same section by a wider, more
           | comprehensive, more recent study roundly asserting the exact
           | opposite.
        
         | littlestymaar wrote:
         | The risk compensation myth was crafted in the 70s as an
         | argument against _guardrails_! And it was indeed reused as an
         | argument again seatbelts a few years later. And of course,
         | there has never been any data to substantiate these arguments.
        
       | op00to wrote:
       | I worked with traumatic brain injury patients as part of my job
       | in a neuroimaging research lab. Holy shit, wear a god damned
       | helmet!
        
       | avgcorrection wrote:
       | The title is weird.
       | 
       | 1. [...] wearing helmets because it is less safe to wear helmets
       | 
       | 2. [...] wearing helmets if such helmet-wearing is motivated by
       | safety concerns
       | 
       | I'm guessing that only the first one makes sense now that I think
       | about it. But I first thought that the riders had said, hey we
       | want to wear helmets because we have safety concerns. And then
       | the management said no.
        
       | cratermoon wrote:
       | "increasing helmet wearing rates make cycling more dangerous per
       | mile - although there are confounding factors"
       | 
       | WTAF kind of statistics-twisting garbage is that?
        
       | heikkilevanto wrote:
       | Must be a cultural thing. If someone tried this here in Denmark,
       | they would get such a shitstorm. Helmets are generally understood
       | to increase cyclist safety.
        
         | Kim_Bruning wrote:
         | Interesting!
         | 
         | AFAIK, in the Netherlands helmets are considered to slightly
         | reduce safety in the general case (but this is not a strong
         | effect).
         | 
         | The general objective is to make infrastructure sufficiently
         | safe so that helmets become redundant.
        
           | shlant wrote:
           | relevant article:
           | https://dutchreview.com/culture/cycling/5-reasons-why-the-
           | du...
        
           | loloquwowndueo wrote:
           | No amount of infrastructure safety will help if you take a
           | tumble and hit your head - a helmet would totally help.
           | 
           | Even experienced cyclists take the occasional fall :)
        
             | Kim_Bruning wrote:
             | Technically you are correct that wearing a helmet does
             | reduce risk of head injury somewhat. However -when
             | infrastructure for cycling is already very safe- you start
             | seeing all sorts of strange statistical effects; and it is
             | not immediately obvious that helmets are a net benefit.
             | 
             | As an example of one of the more funny&misleading
             | statistics: People who wear bicycle helmets in the
             | Netherlands actually end up in hospital more often.
             | https://waronthemotorist.wordpress.com/2012/06/28/who-are-
             | al...
             | 
             | I looked around a bit to see if I could find a paper that
             | takes a balanced view. This particular paper seems to be a
             | bit more from your perspective where wearing helmets might
             | be of some utility. However it does leave the impression
             | that it is would actually be somewhat hard to break even on
             | wearing helmets in the Netherlands. https://bmcpublichealth
             | .biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s...
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | I assume the paper checked that the non-helmet wearers
               | were not appearing in the morgue?
        
               | Kim_Bruning wrote:
               | The first document explains that people who take risks
               | (like riding at high speeds or on a mountain bike) DO
               | wear helmets in the Netherlands. Which is the reason why
               | helmet wearers show up in hospital more often.
               | 
               | The second is a recent paper that applies evenly to
               | people who ride a bike "normally", [From experience: at
               | low speeds on segregated infrastructure at around 15 km/h
               | or so]. My interpretation is that it concludes that
               | wearing a helmet _would_ improve safety for cyclists
               | somewhat; however it would not (currently) be risk-cost-
               | effective according to their measure; and would require
               | intervention to break even.
        
               | grumple wrote:
               | There's a couple takeaways from the first article. The
               | cyclists with helmets are the serious ones riding for
               | sport. I'd also guess commuters who are going long
               | distances wear helmets. These cyclists are putting in far
               | more miles than unhelmeted cyclists. I see the same thing
               | in my city; very casual bikers don't wear helmets.
               | Commuters and sport cyclists do. And those groups are
               | putting in the most miles by far.
               | 
               | If zero people rode bikes without helmets, you'd see 0
               | cyclists without helmets in the hospital. All those
               | injured will be wearing helmets. It's a terrible measure.
        
               | Kim_Bruning wrote:
               | You've got the gist of it. I'm trying to point out how
               | .nl statistics come out funny because the infrastructure
               | has been made so safe.
               | 
               | Commuters actually make up the majority of cyclists in
               | the Netherlands, there are a _lot_ of them (cycle
               | commuting is heavily encouraged for all kinds of people
               | at all ages), and they don 't wear helmets. Despite the
               | large number of commuters on bicycles, commuting is
               | (apparently) so safe that the commuters are heavily
               | outnumbered by the sports cyclists in the hospital
               | statistics.
               | 
               | It is still a somewhat misleading measure of course. You
               | probably should not conclude that wearing a helmet is
               | highly unsafe. ;-)
               | 
               | And... that's the point I'm making. Take measures from
               | the Netherlands with a few grains of salt, because the
               | situation is atypical. On the one hand it's really cool
               | that it's atypical, but then you do need to watch out.
               | The numbers don't line up with the intuition of someone
               | from a typical cars-are-more-important-than-safety
               | country at all; so it's easy to make funny assumptions
               | and draw wrong conclusions.
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xD-uImSUlPo <- eg.
               | arbitrary busy cycle crossing(s?) in Utrecht. Seems to be
               | mostly commuters and university students.
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mAKMNr0P5r4 <- or eg here
               | on dedicated paths, Nieuwegein. A lot of school children
               | at that particular point in time by the look of it.
        
             | stephen_g wrote:
             | Yeah, my dad almost died like that. On a separated bike
             | path in very good condition, he would have only been going
             | about 30 km/h given where it was (he can't actually
             | remember what happened due to TBI but managed to make a
             | full recovery after four months of hospital and rehab).
             | Comparing the size of the foam on the impact side of the
             | helmet vs. the other side was amazing, it was squashed to a
             | fraction of the size. If that had been skull straight onto
             | the concrete it would have been lights out pretty much
             | instantly.
        
             | mrpopo wrote:
             | Which they mentioned in the article:
             | 
             | "A major cause of head injuries is going over the
             | handlebars, which is not possible with a 3 metre long bike.
             | 
             | Helmets protect against falls. They don't protect against
             | cars.
        
               | anonymousab wrote:
               | When a biker gets in a car accident, falling is generally
               | going to be a part of that process.
        
               | loloquwowndueo wrote:
               | Unless the bike is made of rubber, you can totally hit
               | your head somewhere on the bike.
               | 
               | Also look at the amount of car vs. bike accidents where
               | the cyclists head smashes against the windshield. A
               | helmet protects in that case too.
        
               | Brian_K_White wrote:
               | Probably should wear a hocky mask then.
        
               | loloquwowndueo wrote:
               | And body armour, why not.
        
       | cheshire137 wrote:
       | Oof, this page just keeps reloading on mobile, article is
       | unreadable.
        
       | locallost wrote:
       | 196 points and 513 comments at the moment... obviously a very
       | controversial topic. But would it be a very controversial topic
       | if a taxi company announced the same thing, that taxi drivers
       | should not wear helmets? Formula 1 drivers wear helmets, so maybe
       | car drivers should too. People that insist on bike helmets
       | because of their bad experience have as much to say to overall
       | safety as people that got a head injury while driving in a car.
       | How many injuries would a car helmet prevent and why is there no
       | push for this, since the answer is a lot.
       | 
       | I guess this is my roundabout way of saying that I don't think
       | this discussion is very rational. We accept a ton of risk in
       | everyday life, but people get up in arms over this one thing. I
       | guess one reason for this is that it's not viewed as a normal
       | activity, which is a shame. And personally I view it as an
       | instrument in preventing it ever becoming one.
        
         | carapace wrote:
         | Car drivers and passengers should wear helmets. Car travel is
         | the most dangerous thing most people do regularly. It's only
         | normalized due to a deliberate campaign of domestic propaganda:
         | "The Real Reason Jaywalking Is A Crime (Adam Ruins Everything)"
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vxopfjXkArM
        
         | PufPufPuf wrote:
         | Cars have other safety mechanisms that provide the same safety
         | as helmets, most notably seatbelts and airbags. A better
         | comparison would be a taxi company asking drivers to drive
         | without those.
        
           | locallost wrote:
           | Then why do so many people end up with head injuries after a
           | car crash? Falling down, especially among the elderly, is
           | another one of the top reasons.
           | 
           | Quote: "People most commonly get TBIs from a fall, firearm-
           | related injury, motor vehicle crash, or an assault"
           | 
           | https://www.cdc.gov/traumaticbraininjury/get_the_facts.html#.
           | ..
        
       | littlestymaar wrote:
       | That reminds me this hilarious french ad for bicycle helmets
       | inspired by anti-mask's arguments :
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5FwSqfOUAM0&t=64s
        
       | AlexandrB wrote:
       | This website just reloads in a loop and is impossible to read on
       | iOS.
        
       | adamvalve wrote:
       | Are we getting dumber as a nation? This feel like the mask thing.
        
       | throwawayhelmet wrote:
       | Okay, true story. Years ago I struggled with this exact logic
       | regarding skiing with helmet. After serious consideration I
       | decided to start skiing so carefully that I do not need a helmet.
       | As you may guess at this point, _The very first day_ I left my
       | helmet home, I got into an accident and got a skull fracture.
       | 
       | I started using my helmet again after that.
       | 
       | (But another safety related thing I have started to really doubt.
       | Skiing alone is supposed to be risky. I do ski alone, quite a lot
       | actually. I have gotten into my share of accidents of various
       | seriousness. And not a _single_ of them has been when I have been
       | alone.)
        
         | aphroz wrote:
         | Michael Schumacher would disagree.
        
           | dralley wrote:
           | Michael Schumacher had a GoPro on his helmet that punched
           | through.
        
           | isbvhodnvemrwvn wrote:
           | Are you one of the guys who doesn't wear a seat belt due to 1
           | in a million chance that it might actually not help you?
        
         | cameronh90 wrote:
         | My old boss was an experienced skier on an organised cross
         | country ski tour and got killed by an avalanche. It was in a
         | low avalanche risk area with no avalanches forecast, and he was
         | wearing all safety equipment, including one of those balloons.
         | Medical help was almost immediate and nobody else on the tour
         | was seriously injured.
         | 
         | Sometimes the universe just wants you dead.
        
         | Brian_K_White wrote:
         | I've never skied with a helmet. Ridiculous. The only thing you
         | can do about the risk of hitting or being hit, is stay home.
        
           | darkerside wrote:
           | I have never had a serious accident but started wearing a
           | helmet. I don't think there's a large risk either way because
           | I don't do a lot of tree skiing. But I wouldn't call it
           | ridiculous. No more so than wearing a bike helmet.
        
           | Loic wrote:
           | In German speaking countries we went from 15% to 3% of the
           | ski accidents with hospitalization being related to head
           | injuries, this within the past 15/20 years.
           | 
           | This correlates very well with the increase of helmet usage.
        
             | somenameforme wrote:
             | Do you happen to know the overall change in accidents?
             | That's the big question behind the motivation for this
             | change. There's no doubt that helmets would reduce the
             | percent of all accidents that are head related, but does
             | some reduced concern about safety result in more accidents
             | overall?
        
               | Loic wrote:
               | From the biggest Ski insurance/interest group in Germany
               | (the ones from the Ski federation), the stats show a 50%
               | decrease since the 80's.[0]
               | 
               | The trend is stable/slight increase in the past 5 years.
               | 
               | For the head injuries, it reduced from 2/1000 skier to
               | about 1/1000 skier/year. It follows the general trend of
               | the number of accidents per skier/year.
               | 
               | Looking at the material and the quality of the slopes in
               | the past 40 years, they are definitely a big driver of
               | this change, they improved a lot!
               | 
               | [0]: https://www.stiftung.ski/sis-lab/asu-unfallanalyse/
        
           | nerdponx wrote:
           | Imagine applying this same non-logic to car seat belts,
           | motorcycle helmets, rock climbing harnesses, et multa alia.
           | If you don't want to wear a helmet, that's fine, but don't
           | bother trying to justify it with anything other than "I don't
           | want to", because you really can't.
           | 
           | Even strong and careful skiers wipe out occasionally. A
           | helmet is the difference between shaking it off and brain
           | injury.
        
         | DeBraid wrote:
         | I have the exact opposite experience.
         | 
         | My first time ever wearing a helmet on the slopes I slammed
         | head-first into a tree. Got up, laughed it off, and rode away.
         | Better lucky than good.
        
         | somewhereoutth wrote:
         | I suspect skiing was invented to cull the clumsy (and the
         | simply unlucky) from the ranks of the rich.
        
           | speed_spread wrote:
           | There was already Polo for that.
        
             | qzw wrote:
             | Well, you would need something when it's too cold for polo.
        
           | stjohnswarts wrote:
           | I had this exact talk with my rich buddy in high school once
           | 15 years ago :) . He was heading for a ski trip that my
           | family couldn't have afforded in my wildest dreams.
        
         | analog31 wrote:
         | I have a ski helmet at home with a big crack in it. My daughter
         | was wearing it. She's a cautious skier with a lot of training.
        
       | dhersz wrote:
       | They justify their decision basically saying that helmets
       | increase the driver's (and the people in its surroundings)
       | willingness to take risks, while mentioning that their training
       | system is so good that it minimizes risks, so drivers won't be in
       | danger because of the lack of helmets.
       | 
       | It's funny that could assume a totally different posture here: if
       | helmets increase risks, we will use our great training system to
       | make sure our drivers won't put themselves in dangerous
       | situations even when wearing helmets. That would reduce dangerous
       | driving and keep drivers' heads safer, instead of just reducing
       | dangerous driving (which allegedly is the reason behind this
       | decision).
        
       | dusted wrote:
       | I've often thought about how it'd affect traffic accidennts if we
       | kept airbags and seatbelts but also placed a huge metal spike in
       | the middle of the steering wheel.
        
       | ionwake wrote:
       | I'm annoyed so many HNers have trouble getting their head round
       | this.
       | 
       | Before commenting understand that :
       | 
       | Research studies show bike helmets increase number of injuries,
       | due to complex reasons NOT attributed to the vehicle type or
       | whether it was the riders fault.
       | 
       | It is why they are not legally required in bike heavy countries
       | like the Netherlands.
       | 
       | I recommend you DONT comment unless you've done your research.
        
         | cowtools wrote:
         | What studies? Also, the purpose of helmets is not to reduce the
         | number of injuries, but the severity.
        
           | ionwake wrote:
           | You're most probably another American as there is less bike
           | use there.
           | 
           | Google the studies.
           | 
           | They create more accidents with varying severities including
           | death while wearing said helmet hence they are more dangerous
           | and so aren't made mandatory.
        
             | isbvhodnvemrwvn wrote:
             | It's on you to prove the claim. Post the full text of
             | studies.
        
         | mslate wrote:
         | This thread is plagued with anecdotes. Very unproductive
        
           | ionwake wrote:
           | Realising I'm surrounded by HNers giving a confident opinions
           | when they are ignorant of the subject really rattles me makes
           | me realise I take this place far too seriously. Look at the
           | guy who replied to my comment above he just repeated another
           | anecdote.
        
       | JoeAltmaier wrote:
       | So now that they track risky behavior at the source, logically
       | they can all wear helmets for increased safety.
        
       | kylecordes wrote:
       | It is interesting to see the various categories of
       | reactions/objections, which point in different or conflicting
       | directions.
       | 
       | 1) The theory that this change reduces overall injury rate is
       | true, therefore this is a good change.
       | 
       | 2) The theory is false because of some mistake, or intentionally
       | false, therefor this is a bad change.
       | 
       | 3) The theory is true, but nonetheless this is a bad change
       | because there are other factors more important than the injury
       | rate.
        
       | moonbug wrote:
       | sounds like a scummy company, with a bullshit business model.
        
       | Tade0 wrote:
       | Wouldn't it be so much easier to just slow these things down,
       | considering they're electric?
       | 
       | I always wondered why I'm such a slow cyclist. Turns out it was
       | because I was riding shared bikes, which have a total of three
       | gears, all of them relatively low.
       | 
       | To reach 16km/h or 10mph in such a vehicle one would have to
       | pedal like a maniac.
        
       | Robotbeat wrote:
       | I personally am skeptical of some of the lines of reasoning that
       | the idea of "risk compensation" leads people to. Like saying
       | masks are bad because it leads people to isolate less, etc. (this
       | was something some authorities were saying early in the pandemic,
       | and it damaged their credibility later on.) Like yes, there is
       | SOME compensation, in other words it allows risk/reward for some
       | activities to rebalance a bit, but to use this as an argument
       | against a pretty straightforward precaution is foolishness.
       | 
       | I'm also super skeptical of studies that aren't, like, randomized
       | and carefully done. Correlative studies can easily end up with
       | the authors drawing conclusions of causation in the opposite
       | direction of reality.
       | 
       | "Good things are bad because of convoluted logic" is always
       | something I'll be skeptical of.
        
       | yellowapple wrote:
       | I'm sorry, and pardonner mou Francais, but what in the actual
       | fuck?
       | 
       | Should delivery drivers not wear seatbelts because they might not
       | be as afriad that they'll fly through the windshield? Should
       | linemen not wear harnesses because they might be more confident
       | working on power lines? Should warehouse workers not wear hi-vis
       | jackets because they might be more confident working around
       | forklifts? Should construction workers not wear helmets because
       | they might be more confident working in areas with falling
       | objects?
       | 
       | And I love the "if something bad happens, it's obviously the
       | rider's fault" mentality here. I guess cars never hit bikes,
       | right? Or bikes hitting other bikes? Or other accidents that, you
       | know, are entirely unavoidable or otherwise have nothing to do
       | with the rider being at fault?
       | 
       | If I was a staff rider, I'd be putting that helmet on and telling
       | Pedal Me to eat an OSHA-sized bag of dicks if they have a problem
       | with it. Banning helmets "for safety reasons" might not be the
       | absolute dumbest thing I've read this year, but it's up there.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | chrisshroba wrote:
         | I understand where you're coming from, but I'd like to see some
         | data rather than "what the actual fuck". I believe there are
         | some cases where safety protections make people act dumber -
         | and now I'm curious if this is or is not one them. I don't take
         | a position either way, but I don't feel like shouting that
         | you'd tell your employer to eat a bag of dicks really
         | contributes much here.
        
           | Nextgrid wrote:
           | This would make sense for situations where the main risk was
           | the driver/operator of the machine, but when it comes to
           | cycling on the road (especially in crazy Central London
           | traffic) I would expect the risk to primarily come from cars.
        
             | mbrookes wrote:
             | For which there is some evidence [1] that you are less
             | likely to be involved in an accident doe to external causes
             | when not wearing a helmet than when wearing one - in
             | essence the same effect that helmet wearing has on the
             | cyclist (taking greater risks) it also has on drivers
             | passing cyclists.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.cyclist.co.uk/in-depth/1365/is-it-safer-to-
             | wear-...
        
           | masto wrote:
           | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S136984781.
           | ..
           | 
           | "In sum, this systematic review found little to no support
           | for the hypothesis bicycle helmet use is associated with
           | engaging in risky behaviour."
        
             | darkerside wrote:
             | Maybe the problem set they are looking at, commercial
             | riders on a schedule, is very different from the wide
             | ranging meta study that you linked.
        
           | yellowapple wrote:
           | > I believe there are some cases where safety protections
           | make people act dumber
           | 
           | And I don't believe that to be a justification for removing
           | those safety protections entirely. This ain't some data
           | science problem to be solved; this is ethics and morality,
           | and there is precisely nothing ethical or moral about
           | demanding that your employees make themselves less safe and
           | then having the gall to pretend that this somehow makes them
           | safer.
           | 
           | > I don't feel like shouting that you'd tell your employer to
           | eat a bag of dicks really contributes much here.
           | 
           | You're right: _all_ employees telling their employers to eat
           | an OSHA-sized bag of dicks if they try prohibiting basic
           | safety equipment would contribute far more greatly to society
           | than just one. But we gotta start somewhere.
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | You believe that if the evidence indicates more people
             | would die with the helmets, it would still be morally
             | verboten even though it would be a statistical certainty
             | your omission of action is basically causing people's
             | deaths when we are talking about large numbers of people?
             | 
             | Crazy. I suspect you are actually reasoning from your
             | thought that people are more likely to die without helmets
             | and ignoring the premise of the question, or at least I
             | hope that is what you are doing.
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | if even 1 incident occurs which was unavoidable by an
               | unhelmeted cyclist which harms them more than they would
               | have been harmed wearing a helmet, then the policy is
               | unconscionable
               | 
               | claiming you're removing safety equipment to reduce risky
               | behavior is the tail wagging the dog. there are other
               | ways to reduce risky behavior which do not have such
               | tragic consequences as side effects to them.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | > then the policy is unconscionable
               | 
               | Let's say you do an A/B test on this policy and find 15
               | more people die with the helmet allowed policy, but in
               | the other side, one person died who if they had chosen a
               | helmet they likely wouldn't have. You're saying it is
               | unconscionable to pick the policy where the 15 wouldn't
               | have died?
               | 
               | Do the other things to reduce risky behavior, certainly,
               | but if this is an uncorrelated improvement I don't see
               | why that wouldn't be worth taking.
               | 
               | Note, I doubt that this is actually true, but I wanted to
               | highlight your moral apriori claims as ridiculous.
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | I pretty clearly articulated exactly what was
               | unconscionable:
               | 
               | > if even 1 incident occurs which was unavoidable by an
               | unhelmeted cyclist which harms them more than they would
               | have been harmed wearing a helmet, then the policy is
               | unconscionable
               | 
               | if you can think of a scenario in which what I described
               | as unconscionable happens, then I would find that
               | scenario unconscionable.
               | 
               | > Do the other things to reduce risky behavior,
               | certainly, but if this is an uncorrelated improvement I
               | don't see why that wouldn't be worth taking.
               | 
               | whereas I DO see why such a helmet ban would be a risk
               | not worth taking, it is at the top of this post.
        
               | zmgsabst wrote:
               | > Note, I doubt that this is actually true, but I wanted
               | to highlight your moral apriori claims as ridiculous.
               | 
               | You failed to do that:
               | 
               | You didn't address the agency problem where the 15
               | _chose_ to engage in risky behavior while that 1 was
               | _coerced_ into dying -- and ignoring the role of agency
               | in the Trolley Problem is amateur hour. The helmets
               | didn't kill anyone, their following choices while wearing
               | helmets did; which is in contrast to mandating no helmet,
               | that is directly responsible for a death.
               | 
               | What you did was make a ridiculous argument that ignored
               | the crux of the issue and pretend that the other person
               | was wrong.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | They were not coerced into dying. I prefer fewer people
               | dying personally, your mileage might vary.
               | 
               | All I can say is I am glad that the actual people making
               | decisions seem to also prefer fewer people dying over
               | non-coercion.
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | >They were not coerced into dying
               | 
               | Despite this bare denial, I believe "coerced into dying"
               | to be an accurate description of someone coerced into not
               | wearing a helmet dying of head injuries from an
               | unavoidable accident
               | 
               | sorry, that's not a coercion I'm willing to make. First,
               | do no harm. Come back when you've tried safer ways to
               | reduce risky behavior.
        
               | yellowapple wrote:
               | > You believe that if the evidence indicates more people
               | would die with the helmets
               | 
               | That ain't what was argued. The commenter above argued
               | that helmets encourage people to take more risks. Even
               | assuming that to be true, the sane answer is to train
               | people to ride safely even when wearing helmets, not to
               | ban helmets.
               | 
               | > it would be a statistical certainty your omission of
               | action is basically causing people's deaths
               | 
               | 1. "statistical certainty" is an oxymoron.
               | 
               | 2. correlation != causation
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | 1. It's may be an oxymoron but also there is no such
               | thing as any other form of certainty.
               | 
               | 2. Yes, this is why we have RCTs.
        
               | seoaeu wrote:
               | I think there has to be substantial if not overwhelming
               | evidence of increased risk before it would be moral to
               | _ban_ employees from using a given piece of safety
               | equipment. And given the long history of companies not
               | caring for the welfare of their workers, the evidence
               | should be peer reviewed and coming from independent
               | researchers rather than clearly biased sources
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | I think that even bigger effect is that casual riders won't
           | opt out cycling when helmets are mandatory. That is where
           | helmets add least safety and comparably most unpracticality.
           | When you are going to buy milk and some sausage in leisure
           | pace or when you are going to work in speed guaranteed to not
           | make you sweaty.
           | 
           | Those are safest rides, they are good for your health and the
           | ones that drop first.
        
         | Nextgrid wrote:
         | The problem is that as another commenter points out, passengers
         | wouldn't feel safe next to a helmet-wearing driver while not
         | wearing one themselves.
         | 
         | The proper solution here is to provide helmets for passengers
         | as well, but that raises more problems - they needs to be a way
         | to sanitize them, multiple sizes might need to be available (I
         | assume they need to be sized properly for adequate
         | protection?), etc.
         | 
         | The aforementioned problems are hard (read: expensive) or
         | impossible to solve, so while the ethical idea might be to just
         | not offer this service at all, the objective here is to make
         | money whatever-it-takes (or most likely, _raise_ money, as I
         | doubt this thing is profitable) as opposed to providing a good
         | transport service (maybe because there 's no actual demand for
         | this?).
        
           | hammock wrote:
           | >passengers wouldn't feel safe next to a helmet-wearing
           | driver while not wearing one themselves.
           | 
           | Wouldn't the same apply to mask wearing? Yet we consistently
           | see service employees wearing them and customers not.
        
             | mcherm wrote:
             | > Wouldn't the same apply to mask wearing?
             | 
             | No, for a ton of reasons. Off the top of my head:
             | 
             | (1) Masks are more effective at preventing transmission
             | than reception.
             | 
             | (2) Different individuals have different levels of concern,
             | which might lead one to choose a mask and another to choose
             | not to wear one.
             | 
             | (3) Different individuals face different levels of risk.
             | The person who is immunocompromised may wear a mask even
             | when it would make no sense for other people.
             | 
             | (4) The customer may encounter 2-3 service employees in a
             | day; the service employee may encounter hundreds of
             | customers in the same time.
             | 
             | And that's without even getting into political issues (in
             | the US, where mask-wearing has become politicized).
        
               | PebblesRox wrote:
               | An acquaintance of mine worked in a casino that banned
               | mask wearing by employees early on during the pandemic
               | out of concern for worrying customers. Unfortunately
               | several of his coworkers died of COVID before the
               | lockdowns shut everything down.
        
           | lostgame wrote:
           | >> The problem is that as another commenter points out,
           | passengers wouldn't feel safe next to a helmet-wearing driver
           | while not wearing one themselves.
           | 
           | I actually laughed out loud reading this.
           | 
           | So what? It's the company's job to ensure safety for the
           | riders and the staff. There are many places in the world
           | where it's actually _illegal_ not to wear a helmet.
           | 
           | If you get into a business like this; and you didn't factor
           | this in, you're a plain and simple idiot and your business
           | deserves to fail if you make it the staff's problem.
           | 
           | Shame on these idiots. I'd never heard of these guys before,
           | and my first impression is one of the worst I could have. How
           | is this even worth it for them from a PR side?
        
           | guerrilla wrote:
           | > The problem is that as another commenter points out,
           | passengers wouldn't feel safe next to a helmet-wearing driver
           | while not wearing one themselves.
           | 
           | Too bad? If your business model depends on this then you just
           | have to suck it up and deal with it, not compromise worker
           | safety.
           | 
           | > The proper solution here is to provide helmets for
           | passengers as well, but that raises more problems - they
           | needs to be a way to sanitize them, multiple sizes might need
           | to be available (I assume they need to be sized properly for
           | adequate protection?), etc.
           | 
           | Too bad? Cost of doing business.
        
             | Nextgrid wrote:
             | Just FYI, I'm not defending them by any means. I take a
             | very dim view of this company.
        
               | HelloNurse wrote:
               | If customer safety conflicts with worker safety, and the
               | company cares about neither, even by contemporary
               | standard it's a particularly callous corporation with a
               | particularly unsound business plan.
        
           | ChoGGi wrote:
           | I forget the name of them, but there's those expensive air
           | bag helmets, I think those are a one size fits all.
        
             | anotherboffin wrote:
             | Hovding?
             | 
             | I thought they had two sizes, but maybe not the new ones.
        
           | Simon_O_Rourke wrote:
           | > the objective here is to make money whatever-it-takes..
           | 
           | This. Definitely. However if it came to court, as indeed it
           | might, and they tried to argue helmets cause risky behavior,
           | it wouldn't take Johnny Cochrane to get them slapped with a
           | massive fine and laughed out of court.
           | 
           | They're gambling that the cost of safely resolving the issue
           | will be more than any legal costs. Talk about preventing
           | risky behavior!
        
             | Nextgrid wrote:
             | I very much doubt this service is sustainable so most
             | likely this is just a stop-gap/desperate hack until they
             | reach their "exit", whether yet another round of VC money,
             | a buy-out by a bigger idiot or quietly shutting down.
             | 
             | I bet they all know this isn't viable and just hope this
             | problem disappears before an accident actually happens and
             | brings this in front of a court.
        
               | indymike wrote:
               | This is what my lawyer would tell me is willful. And high
               | risk.
        
           | ntoskrnl wrote:
           | "We're sorry your husband got a concussion, but at least his
           | passenger felt safe!"
           | 
           | This isn't the 70s. Just give everyone helmets. Passengers
           | included. And yes you should clean them. If you're running a
           | business I'm sure you can afford some little bottles of
           | alcohol spray.
        
             | kqr wrote:
             | But if it's about safety, why don't actual car taxi cab
             | companies provide helmets for their passengers? It's easier
             | to get a serious head injury in a car than on a bicycle.
        
               | staindk wrote:
               | Cars have padded headrests, safety belts and airbags... I
               | don't think helmets would help much inside cars?
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | yellowapple wrote:
           | Passengers could always bring their own helmets if they feel
           | they're safer wearing one.
           | 
           | EDIT: also, this doesn't explain prohibiting helmets for
           | cargo bikes, too.
        
             | Nextgrid wrote:
             | > EDIT: also, this doesn't explain prohibiting helmets for
             | cargo bikes, too.
             | 
             | I think it's a PR thing. They don't want prospective
             | passengers seeing their branded bikes as dangerous enough
             | to justify wearing a helmet, regardless of whether _that
             | particular bike_ is currently transporting passengers.
        
           | grapeskin wrote:
           | Even in Vietnam the scooter-taxi services provide helmets for
           | passengers.
           | 
           | A first world country has zero excuse.
        
           | Enginerrrd wrote:
           | >The problem is that as another commenter points out,
           | passengers wouldn't feel safe next to a helmet-wearing driver
           | while not wearing one themselves.
           | 
           | By this logic, no one would feel safe riding a bus when the
           | driver has a seatbelt and you don't.
        
             | b3morales wrote:
             | In all seriousness, this does actually bother me every time
             | I ride the bus. Particularly if I end up in the open row of
             | seats right along the back.
        
             | progman32 wrote:
             | I happen to subscribe to this logic. I will often
             | specifically choose bus seats that I think will fare better
             | in a crash, as I feel at risk without belts. I'm surprised
             | others don't feel the same. I'm also worried those vertical
             | grab poles for standing passengers will become effective
             | skull crushers in a crash.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | pcdoodle wrote:
         | Don't take the job. Every occupation has risk. Nobody wants the
         | nanny.
        
         | ekianjo wrote:
         | > I'm sorry, and pardonner mou Francais, but what in the actual
         | fuck?
         | 
         | Do you wear a helmet when you drive inside your car? If not,
         | why not? It might make you much safer in case of a crash,
         | according to your reasoning.
         | 
         | Wearing a helmet can itself become a leading factor to cause an
         | incident, and it's clearly what they are hinting at in the
         | linked article: that data seems to indicate that riders wearing
         | helmets may be getting more incidents on average. Then it's a
         | simple equation: number of incidents x gravity of the incident
         | in both A/B scenarios, and compare which one is the most
         | favorable. It's not a question you answer with a "what the
         | actual fuck" kind of reasoning.
        
           | dvzk wrote:
           | As a frequent mountain biker, I can attest that wearing
           | additional safety gear results in me taking more risks. I
           | ride downhill faster, I take corners more aggressively, I
           | take more jumps and I am less cautious over dangerous
           | terrain. When wearing only shorts, a jersey, and a standard
           | helmet, without pads or a full-face helmet, I ride subdued.
           | 
           | Some of this difference is due to the innate and insidious
           | sense of invulnerability with protective gear. It comes
           | naturally even the first time you don it. It's a common
           | source of accidents and something that must be trained out of
           | you.
           | 
           | Being able to get back up unscathed from bad falls also
           | reinforces your future confidence, or lack thereof, which I
           | can also attest from having fallen many times both with and
           | without protective gear.
           | 
           | I'd still never ride without (at least) a standard helmet. If
           | helmets do factually cause more accidents, which is plausible
           | for the reasons I just mentioned, I'd support making helmets
           | mandatory for employees through legislation. It doesn't
           | matter if the numbers support the opposite conclusion:
           | maximizing individual safety in the eventuality of a crash is
           | paramount. If you have ever had a head impact while wearing a
           | helmet, you will understand why.
        
           | CaptainHardcore wrote:
           | > Do you wear a helmet when you drive inside your car? If
           | not, why not?
           | 
           | Because I have a seatbelt, an airbag, and a reinforced shock
           | absorbing shell around me.
        
             | stefan_ wrote:
             | So you wear a helmet as a pedestrian then? You are so
             | unprotected!
        
               | Tade0 wrote:
               | > So you wear a helmet as a pedestrian then?
               | 
               | I'm not going multiples of walking speed on something
               | standing upright only thanks to gyroscopic forces, so no.
               | 
               | Also even when running I have way better maneuverability
               | than as a cyclist.
               | 
               | Generally limbs > wheels when it comes to getting out of
               | trouble.
               | 
               | I wear a helmet when skiing though.
        
               | CaptainHardcore wrote:
               | I guess if I was going to walk in the road with traffic.
        
           | yellowapple wrote:
           | > Do you wear a helmet when you drive inside your car? If
           | not, why not?
           | 
           | My car has other safety measures in place to protect me from
           | head injuries. A bicycle does not.
        
           | samatman wrote:
           | I know this will astonish you, but when I ride a bike, I
           | don't always put a helmet on.
           | 
           | Whether I do or not has a lot to do with how likely it is
           | that I might get in an accident. Wild right? Why would I opt
           | for more safety gear in a more dangerous situation.
        
           | woeirua wrote:
           | Here's the contrarian viewpoint just for the sake of being a
           | contrarian, in spite of decades of evidence that helmets
           | improve cyclist safety.
        
           | treesprite82 wrote:
           | > Do you wear a helmet when you drive inside your car? If
           | not, why not?
           | 
           | Cars already have airbags and seatbelts which help a lot for
           | the kind of collisions that would otherwise result in head
           | injuries.
           | 
           | > It might make you much safer in case of a crash, according
           | to your reasoning.
           | 
           | I don't see what in their comment could be construed to say
           | that helmets make you _much_ safer regardless of vehicle.
           | 
           | > Wearing a helmet can itself become a leading factor to
           | cause an incident
           | 
           | Is there a source for this? Should be a randomized A/B test
           | as you mentioned, not just a correlation - wearing a hi-vis
           | jacket or other precautions taken more often in dangerous
           | situations probably also correlate with accidents.
           | 
           | Even if helmets do cause accidents through increased
           | carelessness, some may still take issue to intentionally
           | making a scenario more dangerous such that people are more
           | careful. It's kind of settling for a local minimum, rather
           | than aiming to reduce inherent risk alongside aligning
           | people's risk estimates to not overestimate the precautions.
        
             | stefan_ wrote:
             | But a helmet will help even more. It costs nothing, what is
             | there to reject?
        
               | treesprite82 wrote:
               | I don't perceive the benefit from risk reduction of
               | helmets in cars to overcome the hassle hurdle. But I
               | wouldn't advocate banning others from wearing helmets in
               | cars if they so wished.
        
               | darkerside wrote:
               | Helmets reduce peripheral vision. I would absolutely be
               | comfortable banning helmets in cars if people started
               | wearing them and causing more accidents.
        
               | allears wrote:
               | My bicycle helmet sits on top of my head, and has nothing
               | to do with peripheral vision. Do you wear yours pulled
               | down low over your forehead? If so you're doing it wrong.
        
               | darkerside wrote:
               | The strap makes it more difficult to turn your head if
               | it's properly tight. Probably also will hit your head on
               | the ceiling if you're in a sedan.
        
               | dvzk wrote:
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | A competent bike helmet costs little, but not nothing;
               | maybe $20 to start, and a little extra weight, and it
               | messes up your hair a bit, takes seconds to put on if
               | already adjusted and maybe a minute otherwise. May remove
               | a bit of vision, but only vertically up.
               | 
               | A competent car helmet is probably a motorcycle helmet,
               | which is more like $100 to start, but it impacts hearing,
               | reduces vision in all directions, is a significant
               | weight, usually doesn't adjust much for sizing, takes
               | longer to put on (especially if you wear eyeglasses).
               | 
               | A bike helmet in a car would likely be more trouble than
               | anything, it would interfere with the headrests and
               | probably increase neck injuries.
        
           | oliwarner wrote:
           | No, it rightfully illicits that response. Wearing a safety
           | device shouldn't make an activity less safe.
           | 
           | Your "simple equation" relies on your variables being solid.
           | And they aren't.
           | 
           | It's important to stress that the behavioural studies from
           | Bath (that show helmeted riders take more risks in
           | simulations, that cars give them less space) are not data
           | about whether helmeted users are at greater risk. Or that
           | comparisons between US and NZ riders and outcomes are
           | comparable because of vastly different road and rider
           | profiles.
           | 
           | It's also hard to show how much helmets are helping because
           | zero-harm accidents are rarely reported, so if we assume that
           | they function correctly, and do reduce harm in impacts, we
           | simply don't know how many near-misses there are.
           | 
           | You can look at hospital admission data two studies show 75
           | and 78% of cyclists admitted with serious-enough head/neck
           | injuries hadn't worn a helmet. That still needs adjusting for
           | total accidents, and proportion of helmeted riders on the
           | road in the first place. Again, poor reporting makes this
           | tough.
           | 
           | You also have to be aware that some studies and stats are
           | polished up by people fervently for and against mandatory
           | helmet laws. Biased reporting doesn't help anyone. There's a
           | good selection here: https://www.helmets.org/stats.htm
           | (domain suggests a strong bias, but I'm not sure).
           | 
           | Pedal Me doesn't provide a good argument here. It seems more
           | like they're worried what their customers will _think_ (do
           | they need helmets too?) and nothing to do with actual safety
           | outcomes.
        
             | RC_ITR wrote:
             | > No, it rightfully illicits that response. Wearing a
             | safety device shouldn't make an activity less safe.
             | 
             | American Football vs Rugby and the difference in CTE is
             | often cited as the prime example of where this is true.
             | Helmets and shoulder pads encourage riskier hits.
        
               | oliwarner wrote:
               | Often cited, sure, but I don't see cyclists (myself
               | included) put a helmet on and start taking on
               | 18-wheelers. What I'm trying to say is it matters _how
               | true_ these studies are. Say we accept there 's an
               | increased risk of having an accident, the data also shows
               | that if you have an accident you're much more likely to
               | die without a helmet.
               | 
               | I think a lot of people --including experienced
               | cyclists-- would be surprised how easily a silly little
               | fall, a knock against a car, can just kill you.
               | 
               | So even if a helmet makes you marginally more likely to
               | be involved in an accident, being a _professional_
               | vulnerable road user, all day is no joke. I 'd like to
               | have safety equipment when my number comes up.
        
               | davisoneee wrote:
               | I don't think that example is quite so obvious.
               | 
               | American Football is all about set plays. You line up and
               | then charge at each other, meaning you have two lines
               | effectively charging at each other and can focus all your
               | effort on this one effort.
               | 
               | Rugby is much more fluid, so the amount of direct head-
               | on-head collisions is much lower, and the distance
               | someone typically runs before tackling someone is much
               | lower as the 'engagements' are more frequent.
               | 
               | American Football is like going from 0-60mph every 10
               | minutes, whereas rugby is about sitting at 30mph
               | constantly.
        
               | RC_ITR wrote:
               | I don't want to be rude, but wide receivers and running
               | backs get CTE as much as other positions and their
               | movement patterns are nearly identical to rugby.
               | 
               | I agree linemen are a novel concept, but they're not the
               | only victims.
        
           | jonathanstrange wrote:
           | I once organized a workshop on reasoning about uncertainty
           | and in it a woman attended who was in charge of cycling
           | safety for a large government organization of some EU
           | country. She confirmed that, statistically speaking, cycling
           | without a helmet is safer than with but mentioned this as a
           | good example of likely confounding factors and a case where
           | you cannot take the statistics itself for policy making.
           | 
           | But besides that, even if the average nation-wide number of
           | accidents can be taken as a basis for nation-wide policy
           | making because confounders can be ignored (a huge
           | assumption), you can still not use this data reliably for
           | individual decision making or policy making for smaller
           | groups without further analysis. You need to account the
           | variance, where the confounders occur, and what these
           | confounding factors are. For example, regarding individual
           | decision making, it could be the case that _certain people_
           | who cycle with helmets on the average cycle more recklessly,
           | but you cycle even more carefully with a helmet _and_ are
           | better protected. If so, you cannot take the average to
           | inform _your_ cycling. The same holds for other groups, such
           | as professional cyclists for a company like in this article.
           | 
           | To give another example, consider accident statistics of
           | self-driving cars versus human drivers nationwide. The human
           | driver statistics include each and every reckless and drunk
           | driver in the country, including many people with whom you'd
           | never share a car ride. At the same time, you might have been
           | driving accident-free for more than 40 years. For _you
           | personally_ , or a specific group you belong to, self-driving
           | cars could thus be way more dangerous than driving yourself.
        
           | nathan_f77 wrote:
           | > Do you wear a helmet when you drive inside your car? If
           | not, why not? It might make you much safer in case of a
           | crash, according to your reasoning.
           | 
           | Would it? I've never heard anyone recommend this, but if this
           | did actually reduce the likelihood of a serious head injury
           | in the event of a car crash, then I would seriously consider
           | wearing a helmet while I drive a car. I have no problem
           | wearing one while I ride a bicycle or motorbike.
        
             | dropofwill wrote:
             | If you take your car to a track day it's generally required
             | that you wear a helmet (and a bicycle helmet wouldn't
             | qualify).
        
             | happysadpanda2 wrote:
             | Not that it correlates much to every day driving, since
             | both speeds and driving patterns differ, but e.g. NASCAR
             | drivers wear helmets (along with that whole neck protection
             | setup that latches to the helmet).
             | 
             | I don't know, however, if a helmet may work worse in
             | conjuction with an airbag though. So personally I think I'd
             | stay away from helmets in cars (but I really have too
             | little data to make an informed decision).
             | 
             | Having said that, in the case of this company, perhaps they
             | could offer their passengers a "Hovding" device? (Hovding
             | being the swedish word for a chieftain, but "hovve" is also
             | slang for head, and in the case of this product it is a...
             | "backpack/necklace thingy" that is a wearable airbag.
             | Supposedly works really well, but probably comes with a
             | price tag matching this function.
        
             | shkkmo wrote:
             | Motor vehicle accidents are a leading cause of traumatic
             | brain injury related deaths. If you are under 55 the obly
             | higher cause is suicide. (If you qre older than 55, your
             | chances of a TBI related death from an accidental fall
             | start to skyrocket with age.) There is a reason why race
             | car drivers wear helmets, and it isn't just to have another
             | place to plaster sponsor logos.
             | 
             | I am not aware of any studies looking specifically at the
             | effects of helmet wearing on TBI rates of regular drivers,
             | but then good data on that for bicycles is also hard to
             | come by but that doesn't stop people from pushing for
             | bicycle helmets.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | Race car drivers are at a lot higher risk of a collision,
               | spin, vehicle fire, or rapid disassembly in general than
               | general traffic. And in many forms of racing, they
               | usually go significantly faster than general traffic too.
               | Helmets, neck restraints, five point harnesses, and flame
               | retardant suits all reduce risk of injuries, and would
               | likely reduce risk in general traffic as well, but the
               | risks seem low enough that the expense (including time to
               | equip) of that additional equipment is too much to
               | justify its general use. Although, if there were an
               | easier intervention to help with neck injuries, it might
               | likely be adopted.
        
               | shkkmo wrote:
               | > And in many forms of racing, they usually go
               | significantly faster than general traffic too.
               | 
               | Yet, lethal TBIs are more likely to come from motor
               | vehicle accidents than from bicycle accidents.
               | 
               | > the risks seem low enough that the expense (including
               | time to equip) of that additional equipment is too much
               | to justify its general use.
               | 
               | Yet, somehow this argument is deemed irrelevant when
               | helmets for bicycles are discussed.
               | 
               | There really is not a compelling reason why helmet usage
               | in a car is different from on a bicycle. The main
               | difference is social acceptability, not any objective
               | risk analysis.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | > Yet, lethal TBIs are more likely to come from motor
               | vehicle accidents than from bicycle accidents.
               | 
               | Is that per mile, per minute, or per lethal TBI? Also, is
               | a collision between a bicycle and a motor vehicle a motor
               | vehicle accident or a bicycle accident?
               | 
               | Of course, bike helmets protect against more than just
               | brain injury. They also protect against road abrasion of
               | some portion of the head, which is not usually a factor
               | for car occupants, except if they're ejected or they're
               | in a car that rolls over and doesn't have an roof or an
               | effective roll bar.
               | 
               | Bike helmets are much lower expense and hassle than car
               | helmets (which are mostly motorcycle helmets) and neck
               | restraints, etc. If it's a public use bike system,
               | especially the leave anywhere bikes, the expense and
               | hassle gets overwelming, and helmets for customers of a
               | pedal cab would be similar.
               | 
               | I've got a bike helmet with integrated lighting, which
               | adds functionality and is kind of neat, although it was
               | much more expensive than a good enough helmet.
        
               | shkkmo wrote:
               | > per lethal TBI?
               | 
               | Per lethal TBI, I don't think the data exists for per
               | mile or per minute.
               | 
               | > Also, is a collision between a bicycle and a motor
               | vehicle a motor vehicle accident or a bicycle accident?
               | 
               | Good catch, looking at their methods, they do include
               | IDC-10 codes for pedestrian and bicyclist injuries due to
               | motor vehicles in that number so I am not sure how many
               | of those are actual vehicle occupants and I can't find
               | any data at the moment that breaks those numbers down per
               | IDC code group.
               | 
               | > Bike helmets are much lower expense and hassle than car
               | helmets (which are mostly motorcycle helmets) and neck
               | restraints,
        
           | aaaaaaaaata wrote:
           | I've seen research stating adjacent car drivers will give
           | less space to a cyclist wearing a helmet due to implied added
           | safety.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | enkid wrote:
             | This sounds like one of those papers that got published
             | with just barely "significant statistical evidence" but
             | never had follow-up to verify, meaning you can't really
             | draw conclusions for it.
        
             | analog31 wrote:
             | The study was barely scientific. The researcher was his own
             | test subject, and the result has never been replicated.
             | Also, most crashes probably occur under conditions where
             | the driver can't be aware of whether the cyclist is wearing
             | a helmet or not. "The cyclist suddenly came out of nowhere"
             | is a common defense.
        
           | arjvik wrote:
           | Correlation vs causation much?
           | 
           | In order to show that helmets *cause* accidents, they need to
           | create a randomized study where they force employees to flip
           | a coin to decide whether to wear a helmet or not.
           | 
           | Otherwise, here's one plausible scenario: Employees who work
           | in tiny suburbs with small roads and very little traffic feel
           | safer, and this are less likely to wear a helmet. They get in
           | less crashes because their town has fewer and safer drivers.
           | Employees working in the city have more crashes simply
           | because of being in a busy city, so they are more likely to
           | wear helmets.
           | 
           | Right now, you cannot prove that helmets cause crashes and
           | not the above.
        
             | indymike wrote:
             | I can prove that helmets reduce head injuries both in
             | quantity and severity.
        
               | xdennis wrote:
               | You can do so in lab environments, not in real world
               | situations.
        
               | shkkmo wrote:
               | You have the exact same causal issue to untangle. Do
               | safer riders wear helmets or does wear a helmet make you
               | safer as a rider?
               | 
               | In reality there are confounds both directions. The
               | effects of helmet wearing are higly contingent based on
               | the geography and demographics.
        
               | mcherm wrote:
               | Yes, but it IS possible to do research that untangles
               | these effects.
               | 
               | Here is a review (from just 3 years ago) of such studies:
               | 
               | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S136984
               | 781...
        
               | shkkmo wrote:
               | I have some issues with that study. One major one is they
               | basically rule out half the effects of helmets as a
               | "logical fallacy":
               | 
               | > Risk compensation, as it is typically defined and
               | understood, is only one of six possible scenarios, namely
               | a usual non-helmet wearer puts on a helmet and increases
               | their risk taking. Importantly, evidence in the opposite
               | direction, i.e., taking a helmet off leads to less risky
               | behaviour, is not evidence in support of risk
               | compensation as it is a type of logical fallacy
               | 
               | After reviewing that article none of the studies are
               | convincing either way. The only studies that actually
               | look for causality are the ones which only measure speed
               | to asses risk. Those are also the one that I would
               | qualify as positive results but were listed as negative
               | results because of that above mentioned logical fallacy.
               | 
               | So while is is possible to untangle these effects, it has
               | yet to be done properly to show a clear result either
               | way.
        
               | indymike wrote:
               | No, I really don't untangle anything. Safer riders ride
               | safer, but they can and do sometimes have accidents and
               | the road will not check your safety record before impact
               | to see if it should hurt your more or less.
               | 
               | Research on helmets has been ongoing for 40 years, and
               | has even led to ANSI standards for helmet design and
               | protection. The UCI requires hemets in amateur and
               | professional events. This isn't about risk taking
               | behavior, it is simply about if you do have an accident,
               | you won't be killed, turned into a vegetable or concussed
               | when you hit your head.
               | 
               | > The effects of helmet wearing are higly contingent
               | based on the geography and demographics.
               | 
               | I'm pretty sure that hitting your head on Ugandan cement
               | will damage your head roughly the same as American Cement
               | or European cement. S
               | 
               | Additionally, I've never seen any research showing any
               | kind of demographic relationship to severity of head
               | injuries in bicycle accidents. Nor have I once saw
               | research that did anything other than present some
               | statistical noise about distance cars give you based on
               | helmet or not. Close shaves are not accidents or
               | injuries, so even the basis of the research is
               | questionable.
        
               | shkkmo wrote:
               | > Additionally, I've never seen any research showing any
               | kind of demographic relationship to severity of head
               | injuries in bicycle accidents.
               | 
               | The effects of a helmet on overall safety when ridden at
               | low speed on dedicated bike paths is very different from
               | when ridden at high speeds in traffic with no bike lane.
               | 
               | Thus the the design of the city and streets (geography is
               | perhaps not the perfect term for this) and the what/how
               | of the local culture's bike riding behavior (perhaps
               | demographics is a bad term for this, not sure of a better
               | one.) have huge impacts on how much a helmet affects your
               | safety simply because the risk profiles are very
               | different.
               | 
               | The data is messy due to regional variability plus the
               | difficulty of reliably removing the confounds mentioned
               | above. I would never discourage someone from wearing and
               | will actively encourage it when riding in bicycle hostile
               | areas. At the same time, I think the push for helmet laws
               | and helmet education is often a cop out to avoid talking
               | about how we need to redesign cities to support safe
               | bicycling. If we did the later, we would see much larger
               | safety gains and the former would be much less necessary.
        
               | tragictrash wrote:
               | The devil doesn't need an advocate, please stop.
        
             | moralestapia wrote:
             | >Correlation vs causation much?
             | 
             | Oh I'm so tired of this meme!
             | 
             | Plenty of times causation is found through correlation.
             | Plenty. Of. Times.
        
         | polote wrote:
         | > If I was a staff rider, I'd be putting that helmet on and
         | telling Pedal Me to eat an OSHA-sized bag of dicks if they have
         | a problem with it.
         | 
         | And then they would fire you and you will have to find a
         | company that allow helmets and everyone will be happy
        
           | hh3k0 wrote:
           | > And then they would fire you, hand you a substantial
           | financial settlement for your wrongful termination, and you
           | will be able to collect unemployment benefits while you take
           | your sweet time to find a company that's not garbage.
           | 
           | FTFY
        
           | moonbug wrote:
           | ah, but you see, they don't actually _employ_ you
        
             | GuB-42 wrote:
             | In the case of pedal.me, they do.
             | 
             | > At pedal me, we believe in looking after our people
             | properly. That's why our team are employees, not
             | contractors.
        
           | indymike wrote:
           | We can downgrade from OSHA to class action lawyers with this
           | kind of thinking. Seriously why not require helmets and hire
           | for safety, too?
        
       | isitmadeofglass wrote:
       | The first person fired for wearing a helmet is going to be so
       | damn lucky. That settlement money will end up being equivalent of
       | several lifetimes with of work. There is absolutely no way that
       | their logic holds up in court.
        
         | prepend wrote:
         | Almost everywhere in the US is at will so there's likely no
         | successful lawsuit in the situation you describe.
         | 
         | Sadly, it's likely the first driver who dies without a helmet
         | will result in their family filing a giant lawsuit. But that
         | payout will be paid by insurance that is probably already
         | factoring in the probability of such a payout.
        
           | dawnerd wrote:
           | OSHA might have some thoughts on firing someone over
           | protective equipment.
        
             | prepend wrote:
             | They might if a bicycle helmet was an osha recognized
             | protective equipment. But it seems like the company did
             | their homework and said it's not. If there's some
             | regulation for helmets then it's a different story.
             | 
             | My work doesn't require a helmet, even though it would
             | protect me. If I wore a helmet and my employer fired me,
             | OSHA wouldn't give a shit.
        
           | MrBump_ wrote:
           | Pedal Me is a British company. Not sure how the situation
           | might differ there c.f. the USA.
        
       | tejohnso wrote:
       | From [the tweet], "People that are taking risks that are
       | sufficient that they feel they need to wear helmets are not
       | welcome to work for us"
       | 
       | [the tweet]:
       | https://twitter.com/pedalmeapp/status/1489594692857647113?s=...
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | wl wrote:
         | Riding on roads isn't like mountain biking where you mostly
         | control the amount of risk you take on. Riding on roads puts
         | you at the mercy of other people's choices. I feel the need to
         | wear a helmet anytime I'm riding on a road for that reason.
        
           | scotty79 wrote:
           | The point is the risk on the road is smaller when you don't
           | wear a helmet because drivers take less risk with you.
           | 
           | Even better if you are a woman in summer dress. Then the
           | drivers give you way more space and are super careful around
           | you. It was researched.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | An attractive woman in a bikini on a bike probably elicits
             | the slowest and carefullest passing by many of the drivers.
        
             | Fiahil wrote:
             | > It was researched.
             | 
             | It doesn't mean the research wasn't bullshit nor correctly
             | understood what happened there.
        
             | wl wrote:
             | I think you're referring to Ian Walker's study. Yes,
             | motorists on average passed helmeted cyclists closer than
             | non-helmeted ones. The difference in average passing
             | distance wasn't huge (1.3 m vs. 1.2 m) and was still a safe
             | distance.
        
               | Brian_K_White wrote:
               | The amount of difference isn't as interesting as the fact
               | of it. It indicates attention, which is worth a lot more
               | than the inches.
        
               | nerdponx wrote:
               | I have not read the study, but I would hope that they had
               | the cyclists wearing the same clothes and riding on the
               | same stretch of road in all tests. Otherwise you will end
               | up with the situation where helmeted riders are more
               | likely to be riding fast on roads that aren't as safe for
               | cycling, Which would naturally lead to differences in
               | driver behavior around them.
        
             | judofyr wrote:
             | > It was researched.
             | 
             | Citation needed please.
        
           | glenngillen wrote:
           | I don't know any mountain biker that doesn't wear a helmet.
           | Most I ride with wear full face.
           | 
           | I don't think there's any riding situation where you can
           | think you're in complete control of the risk.
        
             | wl wrote:
             | I wear a full-face helmet on a mountain bike, too.
             | 
             | My point is that when mountain biking, you encounter varied
             | terrain and obstacles and you decide how to approach that
             | based on your skill and experience. Some approaches are
             | riskier than others. And sometimes you decide the best
             | thing to do is just nope out and ride or walk around
             | whatever it is.
        
           | mrpopo wrote:
           | Helmets protect against falls. They don't protect against
           | cars.
        
             | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
             | they aren't intended to protect against cars, only falls,
             | which are more likely to happen around cars
             | 
             | glad I could help out here
        
             | grumple wrote:
             | I got doored while biking once. I fell head first into a
             | van. Got away with nothing but scrapes.
             | 
             | Helmets absolutely protect against cars. If I'd been hit,
             | I'd have fallen. Head hits ground, you're fucked.
        
             | stordoff wrote:
             | I'm not sure I agree. I have a family member that had a car
             | turn in front of the without warning (they were in a cycle
             | lane, the car turned across the flow of traffic without
             | looking or indicating), and they hit the side of the car
             | and landed on the other side head first. They were left
             | without any significant injuries - I'm not sure the outcome
             | would have been as favourable without a helmet.
        
             | isbvhodnvemrwvn wrote:
             | When you get side-swept by a car you're going to fall.
             | Getting rammed from the side or behind is not the only
             | collision scenario, and getting side-swept seems like an
             | extremely more likely scenario in London out of all places,
             | where traffic in general is slow.
        
               | scatters wrote:
               | Getting side swept will not happen if you don't undertake
               | motor vehicles and don't allow motor vehicles to overtake
               | you.
        
               | darkerside wrote:
               | This is sarcasm, right?
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | littlestymaar wrote:
       | Yet another example of the terrible and lasting impact the so
       | called _risk compensation_ myth has had on society. Another great
       | contribution of the Chicago school of Economics to the misery of
       | the world.
       | 
       | About the story behind this harmful myth
       | https://slate.com/technology/2021/11/risk-compensation-debun...
        
         | whimsicalism wrote:
         | I wonder what the largest negative impact from this kind of
         | thought has been.
         | 
         | My guess is it is going to be related to PrEP and HIV rates.
         | PrEP is extremely effective and yet stigmatized due to the
         | worry that it will decrease condom wearing.
        
       | gonzo41 wrote:
       | So if a staff rider is hit by a car and they die from their head
       | slapping against the ground, is this not a mega risk to this
       | business that they didn't have a policy to mitigate a simple
       | risk.
        
       | devwastaken wrote:
       | They'll change their position once a catastrophic injury lawsuit
       | really changes their mind. Unfortunately it's going to take death
       | and injury for that to happen.
       | 
       | If you're a worker that is injured on the job there are plenty of
       | laws and torts in place to receive compensation. My favorite
       | catastrophic injury attorney, Attorney Tom has a YouTube channel
       | that goes into details.
        
       | drdec wrote:
       | This kind of analysis - that safety gear inspires reckless
       | behavior - is used over and over again to argue against safety
       | measures. The automobile industry used it to fight against seat
       | belts. More recently, some people used it to argue against
       | vaccines and/or masks.
       | 
       | I've never bought into it.
        
       | HelloNurse wrote:
       | Common sense suggests that forbidding the use of safety equipment
       | for frivolous reasons should be ridiculously illegal. Is it not
       | so in the third world countries where Pedal Me operates?
        
       | y7 wrote:
       | Maybe relevant: the Netherlands is probably the country with the
       | highest use of bicycles for transport, yet no one, except for
       | cyclists on racing bikes/MTBs or foreign tourists, ever wears a
       | bike helmet. This is because they're only marginally effective at
       | preventing injury, and the disadvantage of reduced cycling use if
       | helmets are mandated results in far worse public health outcomes.
       | See also https://dutchreview.com/culture/cycling/5-reasons-why-
       | the-du...
        
         | alpaca128 wrote:
         | The Netherlands probably also have some of the safest roads for
         | cyclists.
         | 
         | Nonetheless I recommend to always wear gloves when riding a
         | bike. They weigh nothing, fit in every bag/pocket and if you
         | ever crash you'll be glad you wore them. Hands are very likely
         | to get injured in an accident and it's not fun to not use them
         | for a couple of days.
        
         | stefan_ wrote:
         | Hey now, don't bring reason here. We reject effective
         | technology to stop speeding, phone use, distracted driving and
         | regulations to make cars and trucks have no more than necessary
         | power, weight and effective sightlines but since cyclists wear
         | a styrofoam hat they are safe. Except those pedestrians are
         | dying at an accelerated rate, I think they should get a helmet
         | too.
         | 
         | The response here are hilarious, like "they also have better
         | infrastructure" - wow, you are soo close to getting it!
        
           | breakfastduck wrote:
           | It's not reasonable and it's not relevant to point that lack
           | of helmet use out.
           | 
           | 1. The road infra is entirely structured around making it
           | safer for cyclists in NE
           | 
           | 2. They don't BAN the use of helmets. That study is NOT a
           | justification to BAN them.
           | 
           | 3. No one is suggesting that they be mandated either.
        
         | cush wrote:
         | I'd bet a Dutch cyclist would wear a helmet when riding on
         | American roads, with American drivers in American cars.
        
           | jules wrote:
           | As a Dutch cyclist I would certainly use a helmet on American
           | roads (or not use a bicycle at all). Furthermore, in the
           | Netherlands the delivery drivers that use bicycles are asked
           | to wear a helmet by their employer. Riders of E-bikes that
           | are able to accelerate without pedalling and those that are
           | able to accelerate above 25 km/h are required to wear a
           | helmet by law. I'm certain that the majority of the Dutch
           | would think it is completely insane that a delivery company
           | is prohibiting the use of helmets on their E-bikes, even if
           | it was in the Netherlands.
        
         | skeeter2020 wrote:
         | The Dutch don't actively prohibt you from wearing a helmet
         | though...
        
         | DeWilde wrote:
         | The Dutch have separate lanes for bicycles and a lot bicycle
         | traffic goes through areas where cars don't even go.
        
         | AndyMcConachie wrote:
         | Read what the Dutch cycling union has to say about helmets.
         | 
         | https://www.fietsersbond.nl/de-fiets/accessoires/fietshelmen...
         | 
         | https://www-fietsersbond-nl.translate.goog/de-fiets/accessoi...
         | 
         | I live here and I'll say that almost all bicycle delivery
         | drivers where helmets in NL. Lost of riders wear helmets here,
         | but I agree that most people just riding to work or going
         | shopping do not.
         | 
         | I will also note that probably the largest bicycle delivery
         | service in NL has helmets for sale for its riders.
         | 
         | https://shop.thuisbezorgd.nl/nl/helmen
        
           | amscanne wrote:
           | That page is about the idea of helmet _mandates_ , not about
           | the safety of an individual decision to wear one.
           | 
           | I think people most on the thread understand that there are
           | negative consequences to mandates. The question is about
           | whether you as a rational individual should choose to wear
           | one.
           | 
           | I think the answer to that is an irrefutable yes, if you want
           | to reduce your risk of catastrophic head injury. But that
           | doesn't mean it should be mandated. We take calculated risks
           | all the time, and the law can't know all the variables and
           | circumstances for each person at each moment. The mandate is
           | ineffective because the most important safety factor for
           | bicycles is frequency of cycling -- the more bikes there are
           | on the road, the more everyone is aware of them. But if you
           | still had all those cyclists and put helmets on them, they
           | would be slightly safer.
        
         | staticman2 wrote:
         | If you ever visit Amsterdam you'll see there are hardly any
         | cars on the road and those that are have to drive at something
         | like 5 miles an hour to avoid all the pedestrians and bicycles.
         | 
         | It's nothing like riding a bike in the U. S.
        
         | kevinpet wrote:
         | Helmets, even the light helmets bicyclist wear, are very
         | effective at reducing the severity of head injuries.
         | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24686160/
         | 
         | That isn't to say that a policy of requiring helmets is good on
         | net (because people may ride less), but in any accident that
         | you hit your head, you would greatly benefit from wean a
         | helmet.
        
           | Drunk_Engineer wrote:
           | This is junk science. The authors simply did the ANSI drop-
           | test in a lab test. In the real-world, 99% of bike crashes
           | with death/severe injury are the result of car-crashes --
           | which the ANSI drop-test does not model correctly at all.
        
             | wolverine876 wrote:
             | It's usually a junk comment to call something junk science.
        
               | Drunk_Engineer wrote:
               | They are claiming 90% risk reduction based on a
               | laboratory model. That model obviously does not track
               | with reality (show me any country where bike helmets
               | reduced death/injury by that amount). If a model does not
               | correlate with the real world, then it is by
               | definition...junk.
        
         | jdr23bc wrote:
         | No doubt Pedal Me contractors operating in Dutch cities might
         | choose to not wear a helmet. That'd be fine. But that choice
         | should be left to the contractor, not the company.
        
           | isbvhodnvemrwvn wrote:
           | It's worse, they are not contractors but employees. The
           | company should have a book thrown at them.
        
         | isbvhodnvemrwvn wrote:
         | There is a HUGE difference between NOT REQUIRING helmets and
         | PROHIBITING helmets.
        
         | wasmitnetzen wrote:
         | To me, that seems like a clear difference in infrastructure. If
         | a biker shares a stretch of asphalt with a car, that's a risk
         | for the biker and they need a helmet. In the Netherlands, this
         | is widely understood and bikes get their own infrastructure
         | everywhere. Only then you don't need helmets anymore at all.
        
           | stfp wrote:
           | One flaw in this logic: helmets don't protect against cars
           | -\\_(tsu)_/-
        
             | anonymousab wrote:
             | They don't protect from the part where the car directly
             | hits the rest of your body straight on, or the bike itself.
             | Every single part that happens immediately after that -
             | such as the fall, flying through the air, or what have you,
             | the parts that always come afterwards - is where the helmet
             | can provide life-saving protection.
        
             | alephxyz wrote:
             | Maybe not if a car hits you head on, but if a car cuts you
             | off or clips one of your wheels a helmet will be useful.
        
               | nerdponx wrote:
               | A bike helmet has literally saved my life in multiple
               | such occasions.
        
               | watwut wrote:
        
               | nerdponx wrote:
               | Yes, riding a bike in New York City traffic is generally
               | dangerous. I fixed it by moving out of New York City.
               | 
               | Except for the time on a quiet suburban street when my
               | drivetrain inexplicably locked up (never figured out what
               | actually happened) and threw me over the handlebars, or
               | the time when there wasn't much traffic around but there
               | was some slippery garbage truck sludge exudate that I
               | didn't see, which I wiped out on. My helmet saved me in
               | both of those situations too.
               | 
               | It turns out that shit happens in general no matter who
               | or where you are, and that dressing for safety actually
               | does keep you safe. An inflated sense of ability to
               | protect oneself does not amount to protection in the
               | event of a crash.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | It is still oddly too much and each time on head. Most
               | bike falls don't end up hitting head either. You seem to
               | be crashing more often then ordinary and the amount of
               | times you hit the head is higher then ordinary.
               | 
               | And yes I use bike fairly often. I know multiple people
               | who use bike fairly often. The only people actually
               | hitting protective gear that often are the ones doing
               | mountain biking. (Which seems to be genuinly dangerous
               | even with the gear.)
        
             | mc32 wrote:
             | You swerve to miss a car, dog, obstacle, person and take a
             | spill...
             | 
             | You T-bone a car.
             | 
             | It helps.
        
           | foolfoolz wrote:
           | while there is a lot, bikes do not get their own
           | infrastructure everywhere. most likely the street you live on
           | has no bike path. many city streets have bike lanes but not
           | separated from the road
           | 
           | i bet the more useful metrics are length of trip, average
           | speed of the cars around you, and if you need to cross stop
           | signs/intersections. dutch bike trips are often very short
           | and the speed limits are low. you do not share the road with
           | 35mph+ traffic as is common in america. intersections are the
           | place where people get hurt on bikes the most and it's more
           | likely in american biking you will cross them. this one is
           | where the separate infrastructure really comes in to play
        
         | TheRealPomax wrote:
         | They're marginally effective _on Dutch roads_ , which were
         | overhauled to be cyclist-safe decades ago, with new roads being
         | safe by default. The Dutch approach unfortunately does not
         | reflect even remotely on North American cities. You need a
         | helmet, because stroads[1] _guarantee_ accidents.
         | 
         | [1]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ORzNZUeUHAM
        
         | Etheryte wrote:
         | This completely misses the forest for the trees and
         | misattributes causality. The Dutch don't wear helmets because
         | the traffic culture and infrastructure are completely
         | different, not because of some questionable statistic no one
         | has heard of. In the Netherlands you feel safe as a cyclist.
         | Drivers look out for you because they're also all cyclists at
         | other times. Cycling is so prevalent that it's hard to explain
         | to anyone who hasn't experienced it.
        
           | sokoloff wrote:
           | There are also significant legal penalties for being at-fault
           | and injuring/killing a cyclist in the Netherlands as compared
           | to the US.
        
             | ascar wrote:
             | Can you elaborate? The US has such a high incarceration
             | rate for in European eyes often benign offenses that I find
             | that statement hard to believe even though I don't know the
             | Dutch laws (I'm German). E.g. I can't imagine a Dutch
             | person being incarcerated for injuring a cyclist unless
             | it's on alcohol/drugs. I can totally imagine that for the
             | US though. But I might be totally wrong. Would be really
             | curious for some details.
             | 
             | My opinion on this might also be heavily and incorrectly
             | influenced by popular media sprinkled with a few factual
             | statistics that reinforce the bias.
        
               | akjssdk wrote:
               | Cyclists are protected by law, such that even if an
               | accident is the fault of the cyclist, the car driver is
               | still 50% liable. This in combination with the
               | infrastructure, which separates cyclists and cars as much
               | as possible, makes the Netherlands very safe for
               | cyclists.
               | 
               | Note that younger children still usually wear a helmet,
               | since they are more likely to have an accident on their
               | own (i.e. falling over).
        
               | ornornor wrote:
               | My experience in NA was that killing a pedestrian or a
               | cyclist with your car is actually the easiest way to get
               | away with murder. At worst you'll get away with a 500$
               | fine, at best nothing. And "wooops didn't see them, the
               | sun was in my eyes" is a valid defense.
        
               | blamazon wrote:
               | Some folks call it the SMIDSY defense - as in, " Sorry
               | Mate I Didn't See You"
        
               | uoaei wrote:
               | Cases of potential death do not count as "benign", at
               | least in my book.
               | 
               | Shoplifting and really any property crime that doesn't
               | result in imminent grave harm can be safely considered
               | "benign". Ditto for victimless crimes like drug
               | possession.
        
               | porknubbins wrote:
               | As a general rule US public policy is enormously biased
               | towards being pro automobile. Putting drivers in jail (ie
               | for less than extreme recklessness) impedes that goal. It
               | was very eye opening when I lived abroad and the law was
               | actually biased against the "stronger" party in a traffic
               | accident (ie truck > car > motorbike > bicycle >
               | pedestrian ). It makes sense to me to essentially require
               | more responsibility in proportion to the damage you are
               | able to cause.
        
               | Etheryte wrote:
               | When we lived in the Netherlands, my wife rode her bike
               | infront of a car at an unmarked crossing where the car
               | had every right of way. The car driver sued for repair
               | fees, but in the end, the car driver had to pay her
               | compensation instead. It doesn't matter that he had right
               | of way, he was the "stronger" side and hurt someone
               | weaker by not being cautious enough. There's obviously
               | more nuance to the laws there, but this is a good example
               | of the common mentality.
        
               | trgn wrote:
               | I love the distinction between stronger and weaker road
               | users.
               | 
               | With more power comes more responsibility, put into
               | practice.
        
               | supertrope wrote:
               | Operators of heavier vehicles have a duty of care toward
               | smaller vehicle rider.
               | 
               | Compare this with New York City where if you negligently
               | kill someone with your car, the police won't even issue a
               | ticket unless you're drunk. Then comes the civil lawsuit
               | in which the surviving family will probably settle for
               | your car insurance policy limits (e.g. $100,000, far
               | lower than German limits that are in the millions of
               | Euros).
        
               | louracryft wrote:
               | The US is enormous, with almost no public transit outside
               | of dense metro areas. As a result, cars hold a sacred
               | place in society and jurisprudence. It is simply
               | impossible to live without a car when your driveway is 10
               | miles long and the nearest "town" is 30 miles away.
               | 
               | You can get a neverending stream of OUIs and keep your
               | license after paying fines in most cases. We often joke
               | that the best way to get away with murder is to run
               | someone down and tell the judge that "they came out of
               | nowhere".
               | 
               | But lord help you if you get caught walking down the
               | street with a joint in your bag.
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | > You can get a neverending stream of OUIs and keep your
               | license after paying fines in most cases.
               | 
               | What is that based on? People I know who have had DUIs
               | had a lot of trouble and cost, their driving was highly
               | restricted, and a second DUI would have stopped them from
               | driving and maybe put them in jail (IIRC).
        
               | steve_adams_86 wrote:
               | I think part of the problem in the USA and Canada is that
               | our road laws are exceedingly motorist-centric. Things
               | that don't seem to make sense, like drivers getting a
               | slap on the wrist for killing cyclists, do make sense if
               | you consider that the laws don't expressly promote and
               | prioritize the safety of cyclist on all road ways.
        
             | prepend wrote:
             | Aren't the at fault vehicular manslaughter laws in the US
             | the same for drivers who hit cars, cyclists, and
             | pedestrians? If you kill a cyclist in the US and you're at
             | fault, that's likely jail time (same for hitting a car or
             | pedestrian).
             | 
             | What's missing in US laws vs Netherlands?
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | https://www.npr.org/transcripts/245475107?storyId=2454751
               | 07
               | 
               |  _If_ you are convicted of vehicular manslaughter, you
               | are very likely going to serve time.
               | 
               | However, if you hit and kill and cyclist in the US, you
               | are not likely to be charged with vehicular manslaughter,
               | so long as you were sober and weren't actively _trying_
               | to hit them.
        
               | anonymousab wrote:
               | In the Netherlands and several other European countries,
               | there is presumed/strict liability on the part of the
               | automobile driver. Regardless of fault, a car driver has
               | responsibility for any accident between their car and a
               | bicycle. There is of course more nuance to this, but
               | that's the basic overlying principle.
               | 
               | A joke I heard a few times was "If a bike fell out of the
               | air onto a parked car, the car owner is going to court."
        
               | 988747 wrote:
               | Which sounds terrible, and goes against "innocent until
               | proven guilty" rule. Also, in some situations it gives
               | the driver perverse incentive to finish the cyclist off
               | (and therefore get rid of the only witness), instead of,
               | say, calling an ambulance.
        
               | jules wrote:
               | No. The maximum prison sentence in such a case would be
               | 8, 6, or 2 months in the Netherlands, depending on how
               | reckless the driver was (and up to 4 years if drunk). If
               | you then kill the cyclist you're looking at a maximum of
               | 25 years.
        
               | supertrope wrote:
               | There a lot of cultural bias against bicyclists already.
               | While leaving the scene of an injury accident is a crime,
               | murder is an extreme escalation.
        
               | macintux wrote:
               | There's a morbid joke in the U.S.: if you want to kill
               | someone, do it while they're riding a bicycle.
               | 
               | Certainly the perception is that drivers don't face jail
               | time in such a situation.
        
               | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
               | > that's likely jail time
               | 
               | No. It will be slap on the wrist time if there are any
               | consequences at all. All it requires is a driver to lie
               | about some mitigating cause they weren't responsible for.
        
               | umanwizard wrote:
               | It's not a matter of what's actually written in the laws
               | but of police/prosecutorial discretion.
               | 
               | Whatever laws are on the books are virtually never
               | actually enforced against motorists, because motorism
               | (and disdain/resentment against cyclists) is deeply
               | embedded in the culture.
               | 
               | The default reaction of the median American (or at least,
               | the median law enforcer) to any accident involving a
               | motorist and a cyclist, regardless of actual fault, is
               | "fucking bikers always breaking laws, running red lights
               | and stop signs, if they want to take our lanes and slow
               | us down, why don't they think they have to follow rules
               | like a REAL vehicle," etc.
        
               | supertrope wrote:
               | The last time I did jury duty the judge and staff made
               | sure everyone knew how to use the free parking. A jury of
               | motorists isn't going to judge a fellow motorist harshly.
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | The "must wear helmets" advocacy is never focused on
           | conditions or nuanced ideas about when it is OK not to wear
           | helmets.
           | 
           | Instead, it is focused on make people feel as afraid of
           | biking as possible. Literally all these debates are focused
           | on making people afraid no matter of what conditions, speed.
           | Whether you go mountain bike competition or whether you are
           | 50 years old manager slowly commuting in skirt and business
           | hairstyle.
        
           | golemiprague wrote:
        
           | dan-robertson wrote:
           | I roughly agree with you but this hypothesis would suggest:
           | 
           | - more helmet wearing in less cycling-friendly cities like
           | Rotterdam which, IIRC, is an example of such a place in the
           | Netherlands
           | 
           | - more helmet wearing (in the sense that the ratio between
           | Dutch helmet wearing and helmet wearing in other Western
           | European countries is higher) at points in the past when
           | bicycle infrastructure was less protected. Though this is
           | confounded by lots of things.
        
       | jimmyswimmy wrote:
       | I've wondered about this phenomenon in general, that safety
       | equipment could cause people to take more risks because it makes
       | them feel safer. Many years ago on Monday night football John
       | Madden remarked that some of the hits during games seemed to
       | occur because players felt safe using their body as a missile.
       | The protective gear allowed them to do that, while the old
       | leather helmets of his era did not.
       | 
       | I know I've done incredibly risky things with equipment like wood
       | chippers because I felt like their designs would let me stop them
       | fast enough. I've hung off the back of boats at high speed
       | because I had a GPS tracking radio collar on and felt confident
       | if I fell off they'd find me. These things seemed to make sense
       | at the time.
       | 
       | I've thought for a while that the best safety gear is training.
       | Rail yards to this day show some unbelievably gory videos to
       | inculcate people to the inherent risks present there. High vis
       | gear, helmets, etc all are important but actually knowing the
       | risks and owning them personally is essential.
       | 
       | Little of that seems applicable to this case though. I think
       | wzdd's thinking is most accurate, unhelmeted passengers probably
       | don't feel great looking ahead and seeing their driver's helmeted
       | head.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | ryantgtg wrote:
       | I had a traumatic brain injury as a kid from a fairly-low speed*
       | fall where my skull cracked on a sewer manhole. If someone told
       | me I couldn't wear a helmet I would tell them to eff off.
       | 
       | *I have no memory of it.
        
       | soheil wrote:
       | Why are these monstrous things allowed in bike lanes anyway?
       | Simple understanding of high school physics shows these things
       | can have massive momentum not remotely comparable to that of a
       | normal bike.                 KE = 1/2 m v^2
       | 
       | A pedestrian impact could be absolutely devastating. A fast
       | moving heavy bike is lethal.
        
       | itsdrewmiller wrote:
       | They argue that helmets are bad because they encourage riskier
       | behavior, but also that they are unique in being able to track
       | the behavior of their bikers. Shouldn't they be able to allow
       | helmets and fire the people who behave in a riskier way due to
       | wearing them?
        
       | tasty_freeze wrote:
       | It seems like the correct approach is to penalize their staff
       | that does risky stuff instead of this proxy metric that presumes
       | people who ride with helmets are going to take bigger risks
       | because of it.
        
       | nchudleigh wrote:
       | Have friends that have been saved multiple times from serious
       | head injury by their helmet. Cases of streetcar tracks and car
       | doors opening on them unexpectedly, no extra risk taking
       | happening there.
       | 
       | This approach is not right, the fact the bike is larger helps a
       | bit but does not stop the driver or riders from being thrown from
       | the bike.
       | 
       | The additional risk taking factor should be curbed through other
       | means. Removing the helmet is not the right approach.
        
       | nayuki wrote:
       | This is very much like:
       | 
       | > The name "Tullock's spike" refers to a thought experiment in
       | which Tullock suggested that if governments were serious about
       | reducing road casualties, they should mandate that a sharp spike
       | be installed in the center of each car's steering wheel, to
       | increase the probability that an accident would be fatal to the
       | driver. Tullock's idea was that the normal process of risk
       | compensation would then lead to safer driving by the affected
       | drivers, thereby actually reducing driving fatalities.
       | 
       | -- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon_Tullock#Tullock's_spike
        
         | Mountain_Skies wrote:
         | It's a good thought experiment but assumes that everyone has
         | the same ability to assess risk, which isn't true. Not only
         | does the ability to correctly assess risk vary greatly between
         | individuals, it varies greatly over the lifetime of an
         | individual and sometimes even over the course of a day for the
         | same individual.
        
           | bagels wrote:
           | It has the effect of stopping the driving of those with poor
           | risk assessment and judgement too though.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | ChrisLomont wrote:
           | >but assumes that everyone has the same ability to assess
           | risk
           | 
           | It does not make, nor need, that assumption. If only a few
           | people drove better from understanding increased risk, then
           | that may be enough to lower bad outcome rates.
           | 
           | Why did you claim Tullock "assumes that everyone has the same
           | ability to assess risk"? I can find no such reference or
           | claim online - except yours. Have some info about it?
        
           | mslate wrote:
           | So the takeaway here is that some people should not be issued
           | drivers licenses.
        
             | supertrope wrote:
             | Well now we go down a rabbit hole of a complex social
             | problem. People don't drive just to joyride. They so
             | because many areas are zoned into car dependency. When
             | faced with no legal way to drive:
             | 
             | (1) Keep driving anyway without a license or with a
             | suspended license.
             | 
             | (2) Use public transit that takes two or three hours one
             | way. When the bus is late again one day they get fired
             | possibly setting off a downward spiral and that's another
             | person on public assistance.
             | 
             | (3) Vote for politicians who allow ridiculous policies like
             | Arizona's lifetime driver licenses.
        
               | usrusr wrote:
               | (4) Zoning would change for less car dependency, and more
               | demand would allow better transit (lines served more
               | frequently and a wider selection of lines leading to less
               | changes)
        
               | supertrope wrote:
               | That's my wish too. People will not use low quality
               | public transit. It will remain low quality as long as
               | it's starved of funding relative to the free* roads,
               | free* parking, and restrictive zoning iron triangle.
               | Funding will remain a trickle until a critical mass of
               | voters demand it. People think because it's low quality
               | now it's not worth spending more taxes on.
               | 
               | *Free to motorists, not the taxpayers and real estate
               | consumers.
        
             | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
             | That's certainly the case for people with eyesight problems
             | and conditions such as epilepsy.
        
         | naniwaduni wrote:
         | Setting aside whether reverse risk compensation _actually
         | works_ (and it would be absolutely bizarre to have  >100% risk
         | compensation), Tullock's spike has the problem that it makes
         | driving _less effective_ , i.e. people get from point A to
         | point B more slowly. If your policy goal is for people to
         | _drive less_ then sure. If your goal is for people to be safer
         | in the course of achieving their actual objective of getting
         | from point A to point B, though, the policy is _spectacularly
         | bad_.
        
         | 988747 wrote:
         | Can't that be seen as an argument against seatbelts and airbags
         | as well?
        
           | UncleMeat wrote:
           | Not really, because people perceive the threat differently. A
           | spike in the steering wheel is very obviously extremely
           | dangerous. Not having a functioning airbag is invisible. If
           | you are trying to change people's behavior, the perception of
           | risk is more important than the actual statistical risk.
        
             | GuB-42 wrote:
             | People will get used to that spike. People get used to a
             | lot of dangerous and scary things. Going faster than
             | walking speed and operating heavy machinery is dangerous
             | and scary if you are not used to it, and yet, people do it
             | every day without a giving second thought.
             | 
             | People will need constant reminders that that spike is
             | dangerous, like seeing people they know die from it. So it
             | is essentially advocating that in order to make less people
             | die from car accidents, we have to make more people die
             | from car accidents, which make no sense.
             | 
             | Protective equipment, and the absence of spikes on the
             | steering wheel work. For example, machine tools today are
             | much safer than they once where, resulting in much less
             | workplace accidents. By the Tullock's spike standards,
             | removing the cover between you and that blade loudly
             | spinning at high speed should improve safety by making
             | people more careful, it doesn't, and there are few more
             | obvious threats than that.
        
         | jgeada wrote:
         | Risk compensation or risk homeostasis is one of those
         | hypothesis that sound good to economists and the moralizing
         | class, but has never been proven.
         | 
         | https://slate.com/technology/2021/11/risk-compensation-debun...
         | 
         | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-576X/2/3/16/htm
         | 
         | Edit: added another reference
        
         | itronitron wrote:
         | Now I'm sort of curious how they died, and whether their
         | personal automobile had any modifications to the interior.
        
           | monkeybutton wrote:
           | Doesn't it only work if everyone has one? If only one or a
           | few do, they can be as cautious as possible and still be the
           | victim of another reckless driver who doesn't have one. It
           | reminds me a bit of the trend where parents buy larger
           | vehicles for their teenaged children because of their
           | perceived safety. It ends up having the opposite overall
           | effect because less experienced drivers are getting into
           | accidents with larger and more deadly (to those around them)
           | vehicles.
        
             | itronitron wrote:
             | I think it would work for anyone that had one, even if they
             | were the only one, as they would be a much more defensive
             | driver. They would probably save money on gas as well :)
        
       | schroeding wrote:
       | Oof. Most bicycle accidents I was in were not caused by me, and
       | you can only reduce the risk so much by defensive cycling.
       | 
       | Bicycle helmets are the kind of thing that you don't need 99,9%
       | of the time, but you will die (or be reduced to a vegetable) if
       | you don't have it in the few cases you do need it. While they
       | should not be mandated, they also should not be banned, IMO.
       | 
       | Reads a bit like "We don't want our car drivers to use airbags,
       | as the vehicles are heavy and dangerous and as such we require
       | them to feel confident without such a safety device, so they
       | don't drive recklessly", IMO.
        
       | cush wrote:
       | What a pointless hill to die on for a business. Do they not have
       | more important things to be worrying about?
        
       | michaelmrose wrote:
       | It is insane to presuppose that a particular employee will take
       | additional risk load if you allow them to take appropriate safety
       | measures.
       | 
       | It tries to maximize expected utility based on dubious analysis
       | while denying people the privilege of making the vastly simpler
       | and actually maximum choice of riding safely and wearing a
       | helmet.
       | 
       | Privileging complicated nonsense over straightforward analysis
       | and the companies analysis of net utility over individual freedom
       | to protect themselves is nuts.
       | 
       | This is important to all but likely more so to people who would
       | experience a larger than average risk and thus likely to be
       | denied the ability to work in a profession they could do
       | sufficient safety if not denied safety gear.
       | 
       | It is thus inherently biased against many riders who have a
       | higher risk of injury than average but not unacceptably so.
       | 
       | It also keeps users from responding to increased risk driven by
       | changing road conditions by substituting the companies policy for
       | individuals judgement.
       | 
       | For example riders cannot respond to icy road conditions or known
       | dangerous areas.
       | 
       | I see this as ripe for inevitable claims as far as bias against
       | classes of individuals and injury claims.
       | 
       | People are going to be injured in situations where they can
       | trivially argue that a helmet would have mitigated the damage.
       | With the rate of injury everyone who would prefer to wear a
       | helmet ought to send a certified letter to that effect to the
       | company.
       | 
       | The ones that have the misfortune to be seriously injured will at
       | least have the comfort of owning whatever is left of the company
       | in 2023/24
        
       | callamdelaney wrote:
       | In amateur boxing (olympic & certainly in the UK) headguards have
       | been banned because fighters are likely to take more blows to the
       | head if they're wearing a headguard, causing more trauma and more
       | eventual damage to the brain - not sure the analogy holds up for
       | cycles or motorcycles though.
       | 
       | Interestingly, bare handed boxing often results in far less head
       | trauma - and while it tends to result in more cuts it has far
       | less of an effect on fighters long term health.
        
       | spankalee wrote:
       | I once saw an accident where a cyclist going straight through an
       | intersection was hit by an oncoming truck turning left that was
       | impatient, didn't see the cyclist and gunned it between cars. The
       | cyclist was launched headfirst into the bumper of a car stopped
       | at the light and her helmet loudly cracked in two. She was still
       | hurt, but I'm sure she would have died without that helmet.
       | 
       | If some riders choose to not wear a helmet, that may be fine, but
       | prohibiting helmets is irresponsible. Riders have a much higher
       | cumulative risk of accidents that are not their fault than
       | customers. It's a workplace safety issue.
        
         | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
         | It concerns me that there's so many stories of bike helmets
         | cracking in two and allegedly having saved someone's life. Bike
         | helmets are designed to compress under impact and as such, they
         | are very weak under tension, so when you see a helmet split
         | into two, it indicates that it wasn't working as designed.
         | Compressed polystyrene in the helmet would indicate that it was
         | doing its job.
        
           | altcognito wrote:
           | Basically, crumple zones for heads.
           | 
           | If you could demonstrate that the helmet was splitting and
           | taking energy with it maybe you could make an argument for
           | splitting, but it seems unlikely that this is a mode of
           | operation.
        
             | hgomersall wrote:
             | Why not? Given every helmet I've seen in a significant
             | crash was split somehow, my assumption is that splitting is
             | an important part of the energy absorption.
        
               | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
               | Polystyrene is very weak in tension (can be broken by
               | hand) so won't be deflecting much energy. The principle
               | is to slow the deceleration of the head by the
               | polystyrene compressing and thus reducing the g-forces to
               | the skull (not so much the brain which tends to slosh in
               | the skull and cause concussion). Some motorbike helmets
               | use materials such as polycarbonate which are intended to
               | provide protection by breaking - quite different to
               | bicycle helmets.
        
           | taeric wrote:
           | Could be both? Usually it is the outer shell that is cracked
           | and described as split. I could see that happening more on
           | the road style helmets, due to their shapes.
        
             | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
             | The pictures that I've seen of the various "saved my life"
             | destroyed helmets have the polystyrene split apart - it's
             | usually quite easy to split polystyrene if the force is
             | applied the right (wrong) way.
        
               | taeric wrote:
               | Interesting and scary. Curious what could cause the wrong
               | behavior.
        
               | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
               | I'd guess impacts at different angles. AFAIK bike helmets
               | are tested for direct impacts via drop tests, so
               | manufacturers may not care so much about how the helmet
               | performs under different conditions - it may even be a
               | good marketing gimmick to have helmets destroy themselves
               | dramatically as people are more likely to share a picture
               | along with a "saved my life" anecdote.
        
           | hutzlibu wrote:
           | Well, when I was hit by a car and hitting the asphalt head
           | first as a teenager, I found it adequate, that the helmet was
           | cracked to pieces afterward. Did it save my life? I don't
           | know, but with the helmet I only had a light concussion (and
           | broken leg) compared to very possible skull crack.
           | 
           | Compressed polystyrene I know only from light accidents, but
           | it has been a while and I suppose todays helmets are a bit
           | more durable. (But luckily never had to find out, if they
           | fare better nowdays. Also I learned to fall and only rarely
           | wear a helmet nowdays)
        
           | msie wrote:
           | Famous last words: "Well, that wasn't supposed to happen!"
        
           | 323 wrote:
           | It's not the polystyrene which cracks, but the plastic shell
           | holding it in place. The separation will happen after the
           | compression force is removed, because the compression will
           | keep the split parts close together. Meaning that the helmet
           | falls apart after it's done the job.
           | 
           | Also, there are various degrees of helmets, from a simple
           | polystyrene to a mountain bike one to a motorcycle helmet.
           | 
           | You can always go to the next level if you want more
           | protection. The polystyrene one is not supposed to be the end
           | all of protection, just to be better than nothing with
           | minimal inconvenience.
        
             | dharmab wrote:
             | Motorcycle helmets are typically also polystyrene, although
             | with multiple densities for handling both light and heavy
             | impacts.
             | 
             | Motorcycle helmets also have degrees of protection, from
             | the useless DOT standard to the less bad Snell standards to
             | the quite good ECE and FIM standards.
        
             | KennyBlanken wrote:
             | > It's not the polystyrene which cracks, but the plastic
             | shell holding it in place. The separation will happen after
             | the compression force is removed, because the compression
             | will keep the split parts close together. Meaning that the
             | helmet falls apart after it's done the job.
             | 
             | Nope. As a cyclist, I've seen numerous people in social
             | media groups, friends, etc post pictures of their helmets
             | that "saved their lives." Every single time, it's cracked
             | to pieces, with no visible denting to the polystyrene foam.
             | 
             | Deformation of that foam is how a helmet absorbs impact
             | force, and cracking apart is a failure of the helmet.
             | 
             | Bike helmets in the US are required to pass one test - a
             | weight being dropped directly on top of the helmet that
             | simulates a _detached_ adult male head falling onto the
             | ground from about the height of an average adult male. The
             | test makes absolutely no sense, because the whole thing is
             | a sham.
        
             | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
             | The pictures that I've seen of the various "saved my life"
             | destroyed helmets have the polystyrene split apart - it's
             | usually quite easy to split polystyrene if the force is
             | applied the right (wrong) way.
             | 
             | I don't like the concept of requiring PPE for a relatively
             | safe activity as cycling as it makes cycling seem like a
             | far more risky activity than it is and there's also the
             | problem of "helmet hair" which can dissuade commuters. It's
             | telling that countries where bike helmets were mandated had
             | a sharp downturn in the numbers of cyclists.
        
               | 323 wrote:
               | Cycling is risky. I've stopped cycling on roads with cars
               | because I realized it's just a matter of time until I get
               | in a serious accident.
               | 
               | https://www.washingtonpost.com/express/wp/2016/05/12/how-
               | saf...
               | 
               | I'm with you on the mandatory helmet issue, I don't like
               | it either, but mostly because I don't like needlessly
               | restricting ones freedoms, if you want to risk your life,
               | that's fine with me as long as you don't risk others
               | lives too.
        
               | bluejekyll wrote:
               | Cycling is only risky due to the shared infrastructure
               | with cars. The thing that raises the risk is cars. We
               | should all be demanding that our streets are made safe
               | for all users. We already have sidewalks in many places
               | for this reason, we just need to extend similar safe
               | infrastructure to bicycles and other road users too.
               | 
               | Just throwing your hands up and not asking for change is
               | a sure way to not improve things.
        
               | stevejb wrote:
               | I used to live next to a popular bike trail, that had 0
               | sharing with cars. Not a road within 50 meters. There
               | were plenty of injuries. Bike vs bike, bike vs
               | pedestrian, bike vs stationary object, distracted cyclist
               | injures themselves. Etc. If you're going 30 km/hr in thin
               | lycra, you can certainly injure yourself with no help
               | from anyone or anything else.
        
               | u801e wrote:
               | The problem is that pedestrians treat those trails like
               | sidewalks and cyclists treat it like a road.
               | 
               | Mutual yielding (where two pedestrians approach each
               | other on a sidewalk) works perfectly fine at walking
               | speed. It doesn't work at vehicular speeds, which is why
               | the rules of the road exist that determine positioning
               | and right of way. In order to travel at faster speeds,
               | one must follow a set of rules. Relying on mutual
               | yielding results in the collisions you mention.
        
               | bluejekyll wrote:
               | This is a common issue in this discussion. People using
               | bikes for sport is a different category for cyclist than
               | an urban and/or casual rider.
               | 
               | When cycling for sport you should always wear a helmet.
        
               | usrusr wrote:
               | If you put on special dress for an activity, don't skip
               | the helmet. Same as driving, actually: people who don
               | special driving kit wear a helmet with that, everybody
               | else drives without.
               | 
               | When I spent time in a French hospital after bike helmet
               | use (not involving a car by the way, except for the
               | ambulance that called the helicopter), I was really
               | curious if I would continue that pattern or become of of
               | those "helmet even on civilian clothes rides" people. Was
               | expecting the latter, but nope, would still feel as alien
               | as putting on a helmet to drive.
        
               | u801e wrote:
               | There are many people who cycle for transportation. In
               | order to utilize cycling for transportation, people need
               | to maintain higher speeds, or spend a lot more time
               | commuting each way. Just dismissing their needs by
               | calling them sports cyclists because they ride at faster
               | speeds doesn't do anyone any favors.
        
               | threeseed wrote:
               | > We should all be demanding that our streets are made
               | safe for all users
               | 
               | We should also be demanding that there is no crime as
               | well.
               | 
               | But outside of this fantasy land you need to accept that
               | cyclists will be interacting with cars at multiple points
               | in their journey from A to B. There are just too many
               | practical issues building an entirely seperate cycling
               | network.
               | 
               | So until this magical day cycling should be considered
               | risky.
        
               | micromacrofoot wrote:
               | Some very dense cities are building biking infrastructure
               | right now, it's not a logistical impossibility... it's
               | mostly a political problem
        
               | hgomersall wrote:
               | There are many cities that manage to make cyclists feel
               | completely safe from cars. Nothing magical, just
               | consistent policy and good design standards.
        
               | jskrablin wrote:
               | People fall with their bikes when there's no cars around.
               | And there are plenty obstacles available around the city
               | to help you fall. Hitting your head against a road
               | surface after falling with a bike will generally ruin
               | your day if you are not wearing a helmet. Simple physics,
               | really.
        
               | seoaeu wrote:
               | Whereas being hit by a truck can end your life, end if
               | you are wearing a helmet
        
               | u801e wrote:
               | > Cycling is only risky due to the shared infrastructure
               | with cars.
               | 
               | Use of shared infrastructure for all vehicles is risky
               | when the rules of movement (position and right of way)
               | rules are not followed. Some cyclists do not follow those
               | rules and end up in collisions. Other times, authorities
               | paint lines that guide cyclists to ride in unsafe areas
               | (too close to the edge of the roadway, or too close to
               | parked vehicles), or designate areas for cyclists to ride
               | where they're hidden from the motorists' view until both
               | enter the intersection.
               | 
               | When one follows the rules of movement and rides in a
               | predictable manner, that risk is largely eliminated.
               | 
               | > We already have sidewalks in many places for this
               | reason
               | 
               | Sidewalks or side paths that have cyclists follow
               | pedestrian right of way rules on approach and through
               | intersections simply doesn't work. The reason is that
               | cyclists move much faster than a walking pedestrian.
               | Pedestrians walk between 2 to 4 mph, while cyclists ride
               | between 10 to 20 mph. A pedestrian that's within a few
               | feet of entering the roadway can be seen by a motorist in
               | time for the motorist to stop and yield to them. On the
               | other hand, a cyclist can be 50 feet away and not seen by
               | the motorist before the enter the intersection. So,
               | instead of yielding, a collision happens instead.
               | 
               | Cyclists move closer to vehicular speeds as opposed to
               | pedestrian speeds (you can't ride in a straight line when
               | going at walking pace). It makes sense for them to be
               | treated like vehicles and follow the same rules. The
               | rules are designed in a way to accommodate vehicles
               | moving at different speeds.
        
               | op00to wrote:
               | No one has ever been injured cycling on a trail! It's
               | amazing how the laws of physics no longer apply once you
               | stop sharing infrastructure with motor vehicles.
               | 
               | More seriously, you can easily hit a rock or something
               | and go over the handlebars on a bike path.
        
               | confidantlake wrote:
               | It isn't a binary thing but a rate.
        
               | seoaeu wrote:
               | There's worlds of difference between crashing your bike
               | versus being hit by a car while riding your bike. Yeah,
               | it'll hurt either way, but the former is substantially
               | less likely to be fatal
        
               | u801e wrote:
               | Bike paths also tend to have more surface hazards because
               | they're not designed following stringent standards that
               | designers of roads have to follow.
        
               | grey_earthling wrote:
               | Sounds more like it's the cars that are risky, not the
               | cycling.
        
               | threeseed wrote:
               | Well done. You've figured out that cars are in fact
               | incredibly dangerous objects.
               | 
               | Now you just need to figure out how to cycle from A to B
               | that doesn't interact with them.
        
               | pengaru wrote:
               | Cycling has a pretty high probability of
               | crashing/falling, and in such an event there's a good
               | chance your face/head will impact something.
               | 
               | Not that I'm in favor of _requiring_ wearing any safety
               | gear, I 'm totally in favor of weeding out morons from
               | the gene pool.
               | 
               | But to act like helmets aren't a good idea for cyclists
               | is asinine. Personally I try always rock a full-face MTB
               | helmet when I'm cycling.
        
               | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
               | The full-face helmets provide much better protection, but
               | they have the trade-offs of being more uncomfortable and
               | hotter.
               | 
               | I'm not convinced that cycling is especially dangerous
               | and my experience is that I've inevitably put my hands
               | out when falling, so I think that gloves should be the
               | first part of PPE recommended for cyclists. Luckily, I've
               | never hit my helmet/head when coming off so I've found
               | that a bike helmet is most useful for stopping low
               | branches etc from hitting me. I'd recommend
               | cycling/protective glasses too - very good for protecting
               | against insects hitting your eyes.
               | 
               | I find it interesting that people seem to have a skewed
               | attitude towards head protection and cycling. If head
               | protection is that important, then why are helmets not
               | recommended for car passengers, people showering,
               | changing a lightbulb etc.?
        
               | pengaru wrote:
               | > then why are helmets not recommended for car
               | passengers, people showering, changing a lightbulb etc
               | 
               | Strawman much?
               | 
               | car passengers: airbags and seatbelts are in direct
               | conflict with and superior to helmets.
               | 
               | people showering and changing lightbulbs are not
               | traveling at speeds exceeding a walking pace in an
               | orientation predisposing them for a head/facial impact
               | for _hours_ at a time.
               | 
               | The full-face helmet I wear is heavily vented like any
               | other bicycling helmet, there is practically no worse
               | comfort than any other cycling helmet worth wearing. And
               | considering how much I appreciate my teeth and not
               | potentially needing to drink hamburgers through a straw
               | while my broken jaw heals due to a cycling mishap, even
               | if it were less comfortable I'm totally on board.
               | 
               | I've written this up with details in previous comments on
               | this subject, but I have multiple friends/friends' family
               | members who have suffered substantial facial/dental
               | injuries in seemingly totally benign cycling activities
               | gone awry. All of them would likely have been non-events
               | had they been wearing a full-face MTB helmet.
        
               | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
               | People do still receive head injuries from car collisions
               | even with airbags and seatbelts, so it's reasonable to
               | think that wearing a car helmet would provide additional
               | head protection - it's certainly common in motorsport.
               | 
               | I'm trying to compare activities that have a significant
               | risk of head injuries (and deaths) with cycling and yet
               | PPE is very rarely mentioned for them.
        
               | progman32 wrote:
               | Perhaps those activities _should_ be discussing helmets.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Most sports where participants could materially benefit
               | from helmet use absolutely _do_ discuss helmets though
               | usage varies from common (e.g. recreational downhill
               | skiing) to almost universal--whitewater kayaking.
               | 
               | Downhill skiing in particular has transition from
               | essential no non-racers wearing a helmet to quite a high
               | percentage in maybe a couple of decades.
        
               | MandieD wrote:
               | In 2009, a German state governor caused a terrible skiing
               | accident, which he survived but the victim didn't. He was
               | wearing a helmet, she wasn't, and after that point,
               | helmet sales in Germany and Austria shot through the roof
               | and use has remained high. Before that, it was pretty
               | much only racers and children.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Natasha Richardson (reasonably well-known actress) also
               | died the same year from a skiing-related brain bleed. And
               | yeah, while I haven't had a lot of visibility into ski
               | area helmet usage over the past decade, that does seem to
               | be around the time when it really shot up.
        
               | pengaru wrote:
               | Motorsport doesn't use airbags and has a steel tubular
               | cage exposed directly to the occupants, the helmet is
               | mostly for protecting from impact with the cage AIUI.
               | 
               | All those grease monkeys driving around with aftermarket
               | cages in their cars and not wearing helmets are actually
               | less safe for it. The last drag strip I was at wouldn't
               | even let you run if you had a cage and no helmet to
               | accompany it.
               | 
               | Airbags and no steel tubes next to your head change the
               | calculus completely.
        
               | pbhjpbhj wrote:
               | I mean, basically any adventurous activity where you're
               | moving [quickly] with equipment gives rise to use of
               | helmets - kayaking, rock climbing, roller blading,
               | skateboarding, skiing, skydiving, horse riding, ...
               | 
               | Can I ask, is it only safety equipment for cycling you're
               | against?
               | 
               | It looks like you're trying to argue that people
               | shouldn't wear helmets when cycling because people in
               | cars; that have protection from a steel cage with crumple
               | zones, and airbags, and seatbelts, and cushioned seats;
               | don't wear helmets.
               | 
               | Like, sit in your car and get someone to launch a paving
               | slab towards you; then sit on your push bike and do the
               | same thing ... I'd do the first without a helmet, I
               | definitely wouldn't do the second without a helmet (or at
               | all). I can't see how you can find these situations
               | comparable wrt indication of benefit from a protective
               | helmet.
        
               | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
               | I'm not "against" cycle helmets, but think that their
               | benefits are over-sold. The big issue is when people
               | think that bike helmets are an important safety aspect of
               | cycling, when they're probably not even in the top ten.
               | It's interesting to see different countries' attitudes
               | towards road safety and cycle helmets.
               | 
               | For the record, I always wear a bike helmet here in the
               | UK, but I am not convinced that they really provide much
               | benefit. There's plenty of different studies on bike
               | helmets and a lot of them are very flawed (quite often
               | ones that are sponsored by helmet manufacturers), which
               | is worrying as it should be easy to demonstrate if they
               | are having a big effect on road safety. My opinion is
               | that population wide, they do provide a small benefit,
               | but they can also act as a barrier to cycling for some
               | people, so it's best to not over-emphasise them.
               | 
               | The health benefits from active travel are undeniable, so
               | I'd prefer cycling to be promoted as much as possible and
               | talking about helmets is missing the point.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | raegis wrote:
               | > I'm not convinced that cycling is especially dangerous
               | and my experience is that I've inevitably put my hands
               | out when falling, so I think that gloves should be the
               | first part of PPE recommended for cyclists.
               | 
               | Around 15 years ago I fractured my right arm doing the
               | same. There were no scratches on my hands--I used my
               | right hand to stop the fall primarily and the force was
               | just too much. However, if I had hit my head, which was
               | not unlikely in that particular fall, a fractured skull
               | would have been much worse.
        
               | rhinoceraptor wrote:
               | Also, the average person likely drives much more than
               | rides a bicycle, so they're much more likely to be
               | injured in a car accident. But no one would suggest
               | mandatory helmet use for drivers, even though that would
               | likely prevent many times more deaths and injuries than
               | mandatory bicycle helmets.
        
               | seunosewa wrote:
               | Seatbelts and airbags provide very good protection for
               | drivers' heads. If cars didn't have those, drivers would
               | need helmets.
        
               | u801e wrote:
               | Many motorists do suffer head injuries in crashes.
        
               | ComputerGuru wrote:
               | Cycling in a vacuum is safe-ish and not a particularly
               | risky affair. Cycling on a shared road with automobiles
               | going eight times your speed and weighing some 250 times
               | your bipedal vehicle's weight is not so safe.
        
               | u801e wrote:
               | Differences in speed and mass are largely irrelevant if
               | collisions don't occur. You can minimize the risk of a
               | collision by following the rules of movement on the road
               | (right of way and positioning) and anticipate if someone
               | isn't following those rules and take appropriate action
               | to avoid a collision before it's imminent.
               | 
               | If passenger cars, large trucks and buses. and
               | motorcycles can share the road, so can pedalcyclists.
        
               | sirsinsalot wrote:
               | Yes, but humans being humans, this isn't the case and
               | isn't going to be. Let's deal with reality, not
               | reductionist fantasy.
               | 
               | If we take death of out of the equation we all live
               | forever. It isn't a useful "if".
        
               | seoaeu wrote:
               | > If passenger cars, large trucks and buses. and
               | motorcycles can share the road, so can pedalcyclists.
               | 
               | Separated bike infrastructure empirically reduces cyclist
               | fatalities. And it isn't hard to guess why.
        
               | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
               | I'd recommend reducing your tyre pressure and definitely
               | remember some oxygen.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | Cycling on roadways is not a relatively safe activity.
               | 
               | I don't know a single cyclist commuter that has not been
               | involved in a car crash - and I'm in my early 30s.
        
               | tbihl wrote:
               | I admittedly only commuted by bike for 3 years,
               | 2018-2020, but I was never involved in a crash. I ride in
               | some ways contrary to common advice, but that may
               | contribute.
        
           | Kaibeezy wrote:
           | I have worn a bike helmet without fail starting in the early
           | 80s. I have _always_ understood that they are disposable
           | after any hard hit. Visible or not, polystyrene compresses,
           | cracks, crumbles, etc. The shell or skin of the helmet never
           | seemed to matter much, so whether it splits or shreds, doesn
           | 't matter. Maybe I'll have a look for a source on this.
        
             | usrusr wrote:
             | Yeah, it's a crumble zone that might add a few precious
             | millimeters to the very short deceleration path of the
             | brain if limbs and reflexes fail to do that job completely.
             | Disintegration means that it's doing its job.
             | 
             | That's a completely different story from the primary task
             | of the helmets for rock climbers, construction workers or
             | soldiers, which is distributing a small, concentrated
             | impact (a rock or a dropped tool or random debris) to a
             | wider area.
        
               | hgomersall wrote:
               | Rock climbing helmets differ in design substantially.
               | Loads of modern ones are more like bike helmets -
               | recognising, I suggest, that most head injuries climbing
               | are head hitting the crag rather than rocks falling,
               | making it more like cycle impacts. That said, I've no
               | real insight into what makes one design better over
               | another.
        
           | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
           | I had a helmet damaged by a roommate who knocked down a bike
           | on a stand. The polystyrene was cracked completely through
           | but remained bonded to the shell. They are supposed to break
           | like that. Older styles of construction are going to be less
           | durable but if it keeps the structure constrained to your
           | head it will to a better job than nothing.
        
             | Drunk_Engineer wrote:
             | LOL...they are not supposed to break like that.
        
         | gorgoiler wrote:
         | With that level of violence it is the same scenario and the
         | same outcome for a car.
         | 
         | If we insist that cyclists protect themselves against multiple
         | tonnes of kinetic energy impact, we should insist on the same
         | protection for car drivers.
        
           | GVIrish wrote:
           | We already do. Crash safety standards, seatbelts, and
           | mandatory air bags dramatically decrease injury and death in
           | crashes, and numerous other safety mandates reduce the chance
           | of a crash in the first place.
        
             | gorgoiler wrote:
             | Thanks for the reply. I hadn't thought of airbags-as-
             | helmet-substitutes in that way.
             | 
             | Are helmets the bicycle equivalent of air bags then? Isn't
             | that quite a third rate equivalent?
        
         | rhinoceraptor wrote:
         | Should drivers also be required to wear helmets? Driving a car
         | is itself unsafe, motor vehicle accidents are one of the
         | leading causes of TBIs.
        
           | profile53 wrote:
           | I don't think helmets would mitigate that risk. For
           | comparison, should bicyclists be required to wear seatbelts?
        
             | rhinoceraptor wrote:
             | Race car drivers wear helmets, so clearly they help.
        
           | krab wrote:
           | At racetracks, they're usually mandatory. It's all a matter
           | of risk vs. inconvenience.
        
           | bagels wrote:
           | That's what airbags are supposed to help with, thankfully.
        
             | BrianHenryIE wrote:
             | Yet 53,000 people a year in the US suffer traumatic brain
             | injuries from motor vehicle crashes.
             | 
             | If we are to believe a helmet will help a cyclist, it must
             | be true that helmets would have helped those drivers and
             | passengers too.
             | 
             | The airbag argument is just distracting. "Let's not use
             | antivirus because we already have a firewall".
             | 
             | https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7048a3.htm#T2_down
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | aasasd wrote:
         | Another such example is drivers or passengers opening cars'
         | doors without looking in the mirrors. A car's doors are
         | reinforced plenty while having relatively sharp-ish metal 'lip'
         | on the butt end, and you really don't want to run into one from
         | that angle.
        
           | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
           | That's why it's a good idea to not cycle in the "door-zone"
           | on roads. Annoyingly, some bike "infrastructure" (i.e. bit of
           | paint) is put directly into the door-zone of parked vehicles
           | which typically makes it worse than useless and best avoided
           | (which then of course risks getting ire from drivers who
           | don't understand why you choose to cycle where you do).
           | 
           | One interesting way of reducing doorings is to teach drivers
           | and passengers the Dutch reach. Basically you should always
           | use your furthest hand to open the door as that involves
           | twisting your body and encourages you to see a nearby
           | pedestrian/scooter/cyclist.
        
             | aasasd wrote:
             | Yeah, in regard to bike lanes between the road and the
             | sidewalk, some note that passengers are even less likely
             | than the drivers to look in the mirrors or just back out
             | the window when getting out, since they expect mostly
             | walking people on that side. Thankfully, some lanes are
             | separated from the parked cars, usually with some flowebeds
             | or just bollards in that space: e.g.
             | https://i2.wp.com/www.theurbanist.org/wp-
             | content/uploads/201...
             | 
             | I suspect that a side-effect of the popularity of electric
             | scooters will be that passengers will habituate a bit to
             | seeing faster things on the sidewalks.
        
               | u801e wrote:
               | > I suspect that a side-effect of the popularity of
               | electric scooters will be that passengers will habituate
               | a bit to seeing faster things on the sidewalks.
               | 
               | That's unlikely. Even if 95% of people did, there's still
               | 5% who won't. The real problem is bad design that places
               | preferential use lanes for cyclists too close to parked
               | cars and expects cyclists and occupants of motor vehicles
               | to figure it out. This results in serious injuries and
               | deaths of cyclists.
               | 
               | Authorities should be encouraging cyclists to ride at
               | least 6 feet away from parked vehicles. One way is to
               | paint shared lane markings to guide cyclists to ride in
               | the safest position in the general purpose lane far
               | enough away from parked vehicles.
        
             | u801e wrote:
             | > One interesting way of reducing doorings is to teach
             | drivers and passengers the Dutch reach.
             | 
             | That really doesn't work. First, a cyclist is moving at
             | least 15 feet per second, which is the average length of a
             | passenger vehicle, so by the time they're besides you,
             | they're already past you. Second, your view is blocked[1]
             | by the B and C pillars of the vehicle as well as the
             | headrest, so you won't be able to see a cyclist
             | approaching.
             | 
             | The second best approach is to check the outside mirror
             | before opening the door, but that doesn't work for
             | passengers in the vehicle. The absolute best approach is to
             | never, ever, ride in the door zone, regardless of whether
             | or not door zone bike lanes are present.
             | 
             | [1] https://i.imgur.com/MuvTxOz.jpeg
        
           | Nexxxeh wrote:
           | It's a significant issue.
           | 
           | The British Highway Code now includes the "Dutch Reach" car
           | door open (where you grab the door handle with the hand
           | furthest from the door to force your body to turn, hopefully
           | seeing inbound cyclists).
           | 
           | A LOT of the updates to the highway code are for the sake of
           | road users that aren't in cars.
           | 
           | https://www.highwaycodeuk.co.uk/changes-and-
           | answers/category...
           | 
           | >239 ...
           | 
           | >where you are able to do so, you should open the door using
           | your hand on the opposite side to the door you are opening;
           | for example, use your left hand to open a door on your right-
           | hand side. This will make you turn your head to look over
           | your shoulder. You are then more likely to avoid causing
           | injury to cyclists or motorcyclists passing you on the road,
           | or to people on the pavement
        
             | u801e wrote:
             | > The British Highway Code now includes the "Dutch Reach"
             | car door open (where you grab the door handle with the hand
             | furthest from the door to force your body to turn,
             | hopefully seeing inbound cyclists).
             | 
             | Unfortunately, it doesn't work unless you're in a
             | convertible type vehicle. Otherwise, the B and C pillars as
             | well as the headrest will block[1] your view of an
             | approaching cyclist. Checking the outside/wing mirror is
             | sufficient. The British highway code also includes a
             | provision that says that cyclists can ride in the primary
             | position given the situation. Riding far enough away from
             | parked vehicles to avoid a potential dooring collision is
             | one of them.
             | 
             | [1] https://i.imgur.com/MuvTxOz.jpeg
        
           | u801e wrote:
           | Doorings can be prevented by riding far enough away from
           | parked vehicles (at least 6 feet away).
        
         | KennyBlanken wrote:
         | > The cyclist was launched headfirst into the bumper of a car
         | stopped at the light and her helmet loudly cracked in two
         | 
         | Bicycle helmets "work" by deformation of the hard polystyrene
         | foam. If it cracked in two, it failed. If the foam did not
         | _deform_ , no energy was absorbed.
         | 
         | It is an extremely common misconception, especially among
         | cyclists, that a cracked/disintegrated helmet "worked" and
         | "saved their life."
         | 
         | Bicycle helmets crack and fall apart in many of these crashes
         | because they're not designed to take anywhere near the typical
         | forces involved in actual crash. They're only designed to
         | "work" for a stationary fall from about the height of an
         | average adult male, falling straight upside-down on top of
         | their head.
         | 
         | > I'm sure she would have died without that helmet.
         | 
         | That's not how that works.
         | 
         | "I saw someone wearing a bunch of ring of flowers around their
         | head and they got hit by a car. The flowers exploded in a poof
         | of pedals. I'm sure she would have died without the ring of
         | flowers around her head."
         | 
         | "I wear a ring of garlic around my neck. I haven't been
         | attacked by vampires. Garlic repels vampires!"
         | 
         | Etc.
        
         | buildingsramen wrote:
         | Did you read the article? These bikes are 2-3 meters long.
         | There is no chance of this type of injury occurring with them.
        
           | practice9 wrote:
           | Unless Pedal Me provide open-source data on which they based
           | this decision, I don't believe it is based on safety.
           | 
           | It's seems like marketing and cost-cutting issue for them.
           | 
           | Customer: "Driver is wearing a helmet, and nobody provided
           | helmets for us.. Are we in danger?"
           | 
           | Pedal Me: "Say no more.. "
           | 
           | Plus it seems they only bought caps & jackets for their
           | drivers previously, no safety gear. Drivers are replaceable,
           | aren't they? (\s)
           | 
           | And other thing, why is a 3 meters long bike road-legal?
        
             | bluejekyll wrote:
             | "And other thing, why is a 3 meters long bike road-legal?"
             | 
             | Because there's nothing unsafe about it.
             | 
             | Better questions are: why are cars that exceed 90 mph
             | street legal? Why are trucks with lift kits street legal?
             | Shouldn't we be preventing things from being on the street
             | that are actually killing people?
        
             | aoeusnth1 wrote:
             | Why is a 5 meter long motorized bike with an enclosed cabin
             | street legal?
        
               | anamexis wrote:
               | 2 bicycles with a little house in the middle??
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mzReEcDjmlY
        
               | op00to wrote:
               | There are laws authorizing their use, they are registered
               | with licensing required for use. That's why.
        
             | buildingsramen wrote:
             | I don't think it's based on safety, either. It's almost
             | certainly a safety perception / marketing thing.
             | 
             | However, the type of bike they are using is much safer than
             | a normal bicycle because of its size.
        
             | b3morales wrote:
             | > And other thing, why is a 3 meters long bike road-legal?
             | 
             | Huh? Why shouldn't it be?
             | 
             | A normal road bike gets close to 2 meters at the tips of
             | the wheels. Add a trailer and that's easily 3.
        
             | blacksmith_tb wrote:
             | That wouldn't surprise me at all. But as for a 3m bike,
             | that's still shorter than most cars? Broadly speaking,
             | bikes of any size are classed as vehicles in the US, with
             | the same rights and duties (though that may vary a bit
             | state by state).
        
             | anamexis wrote:
             | > And other thing, why is a 3 meters long bike road-legal?
             | 
             | Why shouldn't it be?
        
           | Cerium wrote:
           | I'm not sure about that. If the bike gets stuck either you go
           | over the front or you wish you did.
           | 
           | I have had my bike's wheel get physically jammed into a train
           | track and went over the front. I was wearing a helmet, though
           | I didn't hit my head. I was practicing Aikido back then and
           | did a nice roll resulting in no injury. There is no way I
           | could do that today.
        
           | lyschoening wrote:
           | Of course going over the handlebars is possible with a cargo
           | bike. The cyclist will hit the cargo area before they hit the
           | pavement, which makes these situations no less dangerous.
        
             | buildingsramen wrote:
             | The physics don't work that way. With a normal bicycle, you
             | go over the handlebars because the whole bike tips forward
             | - it's just gravity + momentum. Then you faceplant.
             | 
             | With a wheelbase of 2-3m, there's just no way the bike tips
             | forward like this, especially with the rider positioned
             | towards the back. Couple that with the fact that cargo
             | bikes travel at lower average speeds and it's not clear to
             | me how this injury occurs.
        
           | rtkwe wrote:
           | It's inevitable, inattentive other drivers will eventually
           | hit one of these cargo bikes no matter how safely their
           | operators are riding.
        
           | skeeter2020 wrote:
           | hHe article is full of BS, you don't hurt yourself "going
           | over the handlebars" you hurt yourself with sudden impact to
           | your head. This might happen after you go over the bars, hit
           | your head on the bars, get t-boned or something hits you from
           | behind. The logic that "helmets make risky people take bigger
           | risks" is criminally false. It's like saying wearing a seat
           | belt makes you drive aggressively because you feel your now
           | invincible.
        
         | eloff wrote:
         | I had a near miss like this that really scared me in Vancouver.
         | I was going straight, and the light went yellow just before I
         | got to the intersection. Thinking like a car, I speed up to
         | clear the intersection before the red light. An oncoming car in
         | the left lane also sped up to make a left turn. I don't
         | remember if he indicated, certainly I didn't see it. We both
         | slammed on the brakes and narrowly missed each other. He honked
         | at me and was pissed. I was too scared and shaken for a while
         | to realize I had the right of way. My next realization was that
         | it doesn't matter if I have the right of way and am dead. Since
         | then I always look carefully for left turners, even if they're
         | not indicating, and I stop for yellow lights whenever possible
         | (which to be fair, is what one is supposed to do.) Cycling on
         | roads with cars is dangerous, even when there is a dedicated
         | bike lane.
        
           | dougmsmith wrote:
        
             | dwpdwpdwpdwpdwp wrote:
             | >And now you know why riding with body armor is pointless.
             | 
             | I can confidently say I am among the elite in terms of
             | urban riding competency, having logged at least 15,000
             | miles riding around Los Angeles.
             | 
             | I've crashed three times. Two of those were were the result
             | of a combination of bad luck and me taking unnecessary
             | risks. The other one was entirely unavoidable, and totally
             | the result of a negligent driver. In that case I slammed my
             | head hard on the pavement, broke my helmet, and managed to
             | ride away shaken but not seriously injured.
             | 
             | The point is I have skills too, I've avoided countless
             | accidents by employing them. I also wear a helmet to
             | further reduce that risk.
        
               | raegis wrote:
               | Ironically, I used to ride without a helmet, but only
               | started when I moved to Los Angeles and had a few near-
               | misses. Drivers here have a different idea about sharing
               | the road than elsewhere. Biking fast through an
               | intersection when a car traveling in the opposite
               | direction is waiting to turn left is a recipe for
               | disaster--they never want to wait, so I like to yield
               | even when I have the right of way.
        
             | MrMan wrote:
             | nonsense what has kept you safe is blind luck
        
             | progman32 wrote:
             | I don't follow why your anecdote suggests that body armor
             | is useless. You're just saying that good awareness is also
             | a good idea. All it takes is one momentary lapse of reason.
             | I say this as a motorcyclist who adopts a similar head on a
             | swivel approach. Assume everyone's out to kill you and make
             | it look like an accident. I don't assume I'm perfect,
             | though.
        
             | tezza wrote:
             | Seriously dangerous advice. Well done being lucky on
             | repeat, but luck is all it is.
             | 
             | I was cycling safely from Coogee to the City in Sydney.
             | 
             | A lady driving her kids to school rear ended me at a round
             | about.
             | 
             | My head smashed straight into the asphalt. Fortunately
             | helmets are more or less legal requirements in Australia or
             | else I would have been dead or brain-damaged.
        
           | dotancohen wrote:
           | > Cycling on roads with cars is dangerous, even when there is
           | a dedicated bike lane.
           | 
           | My brother in law passed just two weeks ago when a sanitation
           | truck entered his bike lane. 35 years old, left a pregnant
           | wife (my sister) behind.
           | 
           | Don't trust the motor vehicles to keep you safe. That's your
           | job.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | That's so sad, it breaks me up just reading it. Much
             | strength to you and your sister.
             | 
             | One thing I've noticed is that it doesn't really matter
             | whether cars indicate or not, you should just treat them as
             | hostile whether they are going to intersect with you or
             | whether it _seems_ like they won 't.
        
             | eloff wrote:
             | That's horrible, my heart goes out to your sister and your
             | family.
        
             | Nexxxeh wrote:
             | I'm so sorry for your family's loss.
        
         | rollcat wrote:
         | Background: I do downhill longboarding as a hobby.
         | 
         | > If some riders choose to not wear a helmet [...]
         | 
         | ...we take their board from them, until they show up with one.
         | 
         | This sport is almost completely unregulated (outside of
         | official events), but somehow the community has developed an
         | incredibly strong culture of keeping both yourself and the
         | others around you safe. I guess something about being a niche
         | sport, perhaps a bit of natural selection.
         | 
         | If e.g. a sponsor (hypothetically - I'm nowhere near good
         | enough to get sponsorship) told me not to wear any particular
         | piece of safety gear, I'd laugh them out of the room, and
         | likely the entire local crew would join in the laughing. It's a
         | small sport, once the word gets out, that company would also
         | likely no longer be getting many sales either.
         | 
         | The only correct move for the Pedal Me riders is to go pedal
         | for someone else.
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b9yL5usLFgY
        
           | aeternum wrote:
           | Don't you think it's a little hypocritical to force everyone
           | to draw their acceptable risk line at exactly where you
           | happen to draw it?
           | 
           | Longboarding is risky, downhill longboarding is riskier,
           | doing it without a helmet slightly moreso, doing it naked
           | probably slightly moreso.
           | 
           | Why is it okay for you to set the acceptable risk bar and
           | steal boards from anyone that doesn't agree? Should people
           | that think that downhill longboarding with a helmet is risky
           | steal your board?
        
             | hklgny wrote:
             | Unregulated sports like this are a delicate thing. It's up
             | to the participants to self regulate and avoid catching the
             | public eye so they don't lose access to the areas they get
             | to enjoy. This is a huge thing in FAR 103 sports
             | (ultralight flying). Unregulated doesn't mean "do whatever
             | you want" it means "we've given you some leeway here don't
             | mess it up".
             | 
             | In this example, If people start getting hurt on a hill -
             | sooner or later using that hill gets banned.
        
             | bad_alloc wrote:
             | > Why is it okay for you to set the acceptable risk bar and
             | steal boards from anyone that doesn't agree?
             | 
             | For the same reason we enforce seatbelts in cars: Enough
             | people died. Then those who saw them die decided on these
             | rules so we don't need to go through the same pain. The
             | fact that you don't get this shows that the rules work.
        
               | aeternum wrote:
               | The seatbelt thing is somewhat illogical. Like if that's
               | the level of risk we deem acceptable for society then
               | things like wingsuit diving and probably even
               | motorcycles, longboarding and bicycling on city streets
               | should also be illegal.
               | 
               | Especially if measured by any objective metric like
               | fatality risk per passenger mile.
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | This is an imperfect process, and there's a balance to be
               | made. Sure, we can be too paternalistic, and putting too
               | many onerous restrictions on things (or on banning things
               | outright that people have a reasonable desire to do). I
               | think banning motorcycles would fall under that. Sure,
               | riding a motorcycles is far more likely to get you
               | injured or killed than riding in a car, but I think most
               | people would consider banning motorcycles to be too
               | extreme.
               | 
               | It's not fully objective. We're emotional humans, and
               | that's ok. We're going to do things that are risky, and
               | some people are going to get hurt or killed doing them.
               | But that doesn't mean we should just throw up our hands
               | and give up. We can still make it less likely people will
               | get hurt doing those activities by requiring some safety
               | measures must be taken.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | It's certainly a slippery slope. You will find people who
               | object to "their taxes" being used to do search and
               | rescue, provide wilderness medical treatment, etc. for
               | activities that they consider unreasonably dangerous,
               | e.g. winter hiking up even fairly moderate mountains.
        
               | blfr wrote:
               | OK but longboarding is not essential like general
               | transportation. Why ban helmet-less longboarding instead
               | of the whole thing?
        
               | aspenmayer wrote:
               | You ruin the roadway for responsible users by maligning
               | the good name and reputation of your fellow riders when
               | you do so.
               | 
               | I mean to say, riders overwhelmingly want to be safe and
               | it seems to be both self-selecting and self-reinforcing.
               | Outlaw riders are free to ride alone.
        
               | celticninja wrote:
               | Cars aren't essential by that measure.
        
               | thayne wrote:
               | That really depends on where you live. In many parts of
               | the US, public transit is non-existent, and there isn't
               | much within walking distance.
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | I think most people in the world -- even outside car-
               | heavy US -- would disagree with that, even if they are
               | not drivers or car owners themselves.
        
               | thayne wrote:
               | Interesting you should bring that up. That was used as an
               | example of unintended side effects of policy in my
               | economics class, because when people started wearing seat
               | belts, they drove faster and more recklessly, so while
               | the seatbelts protected people inside the cars, the
               | number of pedestrians hit by cars went up.
               | 
               | See https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk_compensation
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | Hmm.
               | 
               | Most states brought on mandatory seat belt laws in the
               | mid-1980s--mid-1990s. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seat
               | _belt_laws_in_the_United_S...)
               | 
               | 1981 was the last year with motor vehicle fatalities over
               | 3.0 per billion miles. By 2000 it was 1.53 and 2019 it
               | was 1.10. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_vehicle_fa
               | tality_rate_in...)
               | 
               | I can only find pedestrian fatality numbers from 1994.
               | (https://injuryfacts.nsc.org/motor-vehicle/road-
               | users/pedestr...) It decreased from 5584 in 1995 to 4109
               | in 2009 and increased to 6272 in 2019.
               | 
               | In 1995, there were 2,423 billion vehicle miles traveled;
               | in 2009, 2,957; in 2019, 3,248. Doing the division, that
               | works out to 2.3 pedestrian deaths / BVMT in 1995; 1.4 in
               | 2009, and 1.9 in 2019.
               | 
               | Interesting.
        
             | dspillett wrote:
             | _> Why is it okay for you to set the acceptable risk bar
             | and steal boards from anyone that doesn 't agree?_
             | 
             | If it is a group activity the group sets the acceptable
             | behaviour. Don't like it? Demand your board back and go
             | play with another group, rather than expecting this group
             | to accept your risk assessment which doesn't agree with
             | their's.
             | 
             | This is especially true if the group is in any way more
             | formal than a bunch of people arbitrarily meeting up.
        
             | kelnos wrote:
             | > _Don 't you think it's a little hypocritical to force
             | everyone to draw their acceptable risk line at exactly
             | where you happen to draw it?_
             | 
             | I always find takes like this a little weird. This is
             | something we do _all the time_ in society. Seat belt laws.
             | Bicycle and motorcycle helmet laws. All sorts of safety
             | regulations and laws around sports, transportation, health,
             | etc.
             | 
             | We as a society often decide to "protect people from
             | themselves". Some of it is out of an understanding that
             | humans are notoriously bad at risk assessment and will do
             | unsafe things. Sure, that's a bit paternalistic, but...
             | that's life. But some of it is also because severe injury
             | and death don't just hurt the person injured or killed. The
             | emotional toll of those effects are felt widely. The
             | _economic_ effects are felt widely too.
             | 
             | Certainly there are lines to be drawn, and there's plenty
             | of reasonable debate as to where those lines should be
             | drawn. Some possible safety measures might be very
             | difficult, burdensome, or expensive; sometimes in those
             | cases we can't require things like those without causing
             | other types of harm. But others... not so much.
             | 
             | > _Why is it okay for you to set the acceptable risk bar
             | and steal boards from anyone that doesn 't agree?_
             | 
             | Because it's not just about the individual in question.
             | It's about the entire community. The community of
             | longboarders don't want severe injury and death on their
             | hands, so they develop social norms that include requiring
             | helmets. That's entirely within their right to do so, as it
             | is their right to ostracize those who do not conform. (For
             | the record, I think "steal their boards" was hyperbole. I
             | doubt people's boards actually get taken. I expect it's
             | more likely that they get shunned and ejected from the
             | community.)
             | 
             | > _Should people that think that downhill longboarding with
             | a helmet is risky steal your board?_
             | 
             | If the community consensus is there, then maybe that's
             | reasonable. (In the "eject from community" sense, that is,
             | not necessarily the literal "steal their board" sense.)
             | 
             | Certainly all of these sorts of decisions should be based
             | on research as to what actually makes people safer. Humans
             | are imperfect and don't always follow the science, but the
             | hope is that, on a long enough time scale, with enough
             | people weighing in, we'll get it right most of the time.
        
           | tengwar2 wrote:
           | Ok, so what you are saying appears to _support_ Pedal Me 's
           | position as reported in the article. They say: (a) wearing
           | helmets encourages risky behaviour; (b) the added risk of
           | accidents outweighs the increase in safety during an
           | accident. You are giving an example of a community who only
           | engage in a dangerous activity if they wear helmets,
           | supporting (a). And I imagine you would agree that you are
           | less safe wearing a helmet and going downhill longboarding
           | than not wearing a helmet and not going downhill
           | longboarding? If so, that supports (b).
           | 
           | It's not a conclusive argument, of course, and I have no axe
           | to grind on this issue. It's just that I think that you might
           | not have taken in to account what they are saying.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | dharmab wrote:
           | I'm sure one serious injury can ruin an entire day for
           | everyone at an event. It makes sense that the community would
           | expect consideration from boarders of the consequences on an
           | accident on others.
        
             | capableweb wrote:
             | I'm sure some think like that too, but people are also
             | selfless enough to want others to be safe, no matter if it
             | ruins the event for them or not.
        
           | jasonkester wrote:
           | What do you suppose happened to the rest of skateboarding
           | that pushed it in the opposite direction?
           | 
           | Watching the olympics this summer, it was amazing to watch
           | the street skating events with none of the competitors
           | wearing any sort of protective gear. And it's not like they
           | didn't need it either. They were getting wrecked in falls to
           | the point where some of the couldn't even finish the
           | competition.
           | 
           | It was nuts watching it, since my last exposure to the sport
           | was from the 90s where Tony Hawk would be padded out to the
           | nines while standing around giving an interview by the side
           | of the park.
           | 
           | What is going on that made helmets so uncool that you
           | wouldn't even wear one if you knew you were going to fall on
           | your head?
        
             | rollcat wrote:
             | > What do you suppose happened to the rest of skateboarding
             | that pushed it in the opposite direction?
             | 
             | Widdershin's response is excellent, but I'll add a bit more
             | context: the physical similarities between a skateboard and
             | a longboard are very superficial (we can barely trade any
             | hardware at all); that extends to the respective
             | communities, which also have disjoint histories.
             | 
             | Longboarders trace their roots to surfers; likely someone
             | bored of waiting for a good wave has put skateboard trucks
             | on their surfboard. Some niche longboarding
             | cultures/disciplines were inspired by surfing/SUP
             | (surfskate, pumptrack, land paddle), and one major
             | longboarding discipline is a lot about moving on and around
             | the board ("dancing" on it).
             | 
             | In these other longboarding communities (perhaps except
             | pumptrack), you will see people using helmets and other
             | safety gear much less often, and it's probably fair. But
             | I've never, ever been dissed by any of these people for
             | wearing a helmet, even if just cruising.
        
             | _proofs wrote:
             | short answer: branding
             | 
             | long answer: branding
             | 
             | anecdotally, am a daily skateboarder and long time
             | snowboarder who is guilty of having an ego, and even wear
             | pads to protect a couple massive contusions (swellbos) but
             | i never wear a helmet, so ill frame it like this: 95% of
             | the time i am not that much at risk for serious head injury
             | when skating, and even though i take it for granted, there
             | is an element of knowing how to fall/bail early and skating
             | just within my means.
             | 
             | however on a snowboard, i am much more acutely aware of the
             | consequence -- my casual and super comfort "resting" level
             | is like 25-35+ mph, which is a car accident, which is
             | almost always a threat for serious head injury.
             | 
             | there is a huge difference between tripping at about
             | walking/jogging speed and hitting your head versus at
             | 35mph, and this realization happened after 15 winters of
             | safe riding without a helmet.
             | 
             | the reality is, i am just not that worried about it -- ego
             | or no ego, except when i snowboard, which i will not do
             | without a helmet anymore.
             | 
             | ./shrug
        
               | runamok wrote:
               | Not to mention the risk of getting hit by another
               | snowboarder or skier.
        
               | MandieD wrote:
               | Before 2009: very few adult skiers in Austria and Germany
               | wore helmets, pretty much only the racers and children
               | who were legally required to. I felt like a dork wearing
               | mine, but I experienced a scary near-miss my first season
               | on these relatively crowded slopes.
               | 
               | After 2009: at least 80% of adult skiers in Austria and
               | Germany wear helmets, from the looks of things. Most
               | frequent non-wearers are very old, permanently tanned
               | Austrian men who literally have 5000+ ski days behind
               | them or young ladies with nicely-done hair and make-up
               | much more interested in getting good pictures for
               | Instagram than actually skiing.
               | 
               | What happened in 2009? The Ministerprasident (think US
               | state governor) of Thuringia, Dieter Althaus, was flying
               | down a black (expert) slope, turned onto a blue
               | (beginner) slope with enough momentum behind him to go up
               | it and crash into a lady from Slovakia.
               | 
               | He was in the hospital for weeks, living to earn a
               | criminal judgment for negligent homicide, paying tens of
               | thousands of Euro.
               | 
               | She died on the way to the hospital.
               | 
               | He was wearing a helmet.
               | 
               | She wasn't.
               | 
               | The absolute crush of helmet sales then and continued
               | rates since are sometimes called the "Althaus-Effekt".
        
             | sharkweek wrote:
             | It's a style thing (as dumb as that is in practice).
             | 
             | You just don't look "cool" switch back smithing down
             | hollywoood 16 wearing a helmet.
             | 
             | I skated a ton growing up and it was beaten into you at
             | skateparks how dumb you looked wearing a helmet. No major
             | head injuries but definitely had some close calls. I look
             | back and cringe and how stupid that was.
        
               | comprev wrote:
               | The "style" thing also applies to BMX - brakeless, no
               | helmet and no knee/elbow pads.
               | 
               | Natural selection is rife.
        
             | kzrdude wrote:
             | The women's winner did wear a helmet - 13-year-old NISHIYA
             | Momiji. I think because she was underage, the rules forced
             | her to wear helmet.
        
             | Widdershin wrote:
             | You wouldn't generally exceed 15mph street skating.
             | Competent downhill skaters can reach 50mph+, with world
             | record speeds exceeding 80mph.
             | 
             | That alone makes safety gear much more essential for
             | downhill.
             | 
             | In addition, if someone shows up to a spot without adequate
             | gear, crashes and badly hurts themselves, it can cause the
             | spot to be blown for other riders. Downhill skateboarding
             | is much easier when you're on the good side of local
             | residents and police.
             | 
             | Also, since DH communities tend to be very small and tight-
             | knit, if someone gets hurt you hear about it. I've
             | personally witnessed multiple incidents leading to broken
             | spines, countless minor injuries, and have had one friend
             | die while skating. Either you take safety seriously or pay
             | the piper.
             | 
             | There are more factors than this, would probably make for
             | an interesting sociology dissertation.
        
               | serf wrote:
               | > You wouldn't generally exceed 15mph street skating.
               | Competent downhill skaters can reach 50mph+, with world
               | record speeds exceeding 80mph.
               | 
               | it's all context, no?
               | 
               | You wouldn't try to trick over a 17ft drop on a
               | longboard, either. [0]
               | 
               | [0]: https://www.vice.com/en/article/kzn58e/the-leap-of-
               | faith-was...
        
             | harph wrote:
             | Protective gear was always uncool in street skateboarding.
             | Vert (Tony Hawk's main discipline) was the exception. From
             | what I understand it's about being counterculture, punk
             | etc. Today even bowl riders mostly don't wear helmets or
             | pads, and crashing in a concrete bowl is arguably even
             | worse than on a wooden ramp.
        
               | maccard wrote:
               | There's a big difference between the speeds you travel at
               | in a bowl and in very skating.
        
               | comprev wrote:
               | The distance from 1M air out of the bowl to the bottom is
               | a very long way!
        
               | falcolas wrote:
               | Speed doesn't matter when you hit your head.
               | 
               | I had a friend who fell while ice skating at the speed of
               | a slow stroll, and hit the back of his head. He was dead
               | a week later.
               | 
               | And just getting a concussion can result in measurably
               | decreased mental capabilities for months.
               | 
               | Dad time: you've got one brain for your entire life. Stop
               | relying on luck to keep it in working order.
        
           | gernb wrote:
           | I''m not defending Pedal Me but you could try to design the
           | city so biking is safer
           | 
           | https://www.treehugger.com/why-dutch-dont-wear-
           | helmets-48581...
           | 
           | Sure you can still get in an accident. That's true of
           | everything though. I don't go for a walk in a plastic bubble
           | just in case a car hits me
           | 
           | https://www.google.com/search?q=cars+hitting+pedestrians&tbm.
           | ..
        
             | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
             | Design won't do anything for the millions of ignorati that
             | are handed drivers licenses without demonstrating driving
             | competence.
        
             | idiotsecant wrote:
             | You could have the best designed city in the world and you
             | will still be at a high risk of your fragile brain case
             | impacting the ground or something worse at speed. Whether
             | you're pedaling down a country road or the busiest NYC
             | intersection not wearing a helmet on a bike is stupid, full
             | stop.
        
               | GekkePrutser wrote:
               | In the Netherlands we're doing fine without them though.
               | Nobody wears one on a regular bike.
               | 
               | I've had a few times where I slipped so fast I didn't
               | even remember what happened but every time my arm was
               | there protecting my head. Reflexes are awesome.
               | 
               | Accidents can happen sure but the added hassle doesn't
               | seem worth it. Of course things are different when you do
               | high speed cycling or mountain biking.
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | " _In absolute terms, more people were killed in a car
               | accident (237) than in a bicycle accident (203) last
               | year, but this is different per kilometre travelled.
               | Traffic mortality per billion vehicle-km was much higher
               | among cyclists than among passenger car occupants (11
               | versus 1.6 deaths)._ " (https://www.cbs.nl/en-
               | gb/news/2020/31/decline-in-road-fatali...)
        
               | petre wrote:
               | In the Netherlands normal cycle commuters almost never
               | exceed 15 km/h. But I keep watching some Dutch road
               | cycling youtube channel and they all wear helmets.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | And cycle commuting is part of the culture which probably
               | makes it safer as well. Would wearing helmets make it
               | even safer? Possibly. But one can always argue for
               | incremental safety gear and processes.
        
               | dd82 wrote:
               | >I've had a few times where I slipped so fast I didn't
               | even remember what happened but every time my arm was
               | there protecting my head. Reflexes are awesome.
               | 
               | isn't this a good example of confirmation bias? it worked
               | for you, so it must work for everyone the same as it did
               | for you each time they require it.
               | 
               | its your brain, I guess. and you do have that social
               | health network to cover you when medical issues arise.
               | guess it doesn't matter your quality of life post-brain
               | injury :-)
        
               | nemetroid wrote:
               | Isn't the Netherlands very flat? I would probably feel
               | safe without a helmet if it weren't for the hills. My
               | usual ten minute ride has an elevation difference of 35
               | m.
        
               | GekkePrutser wrote:
               | Yes very flat.
               | 
               | 35m isn't an awful lot though. You can pick up a lot of
               | speed from a bridge in the Netherlands too.
        
             | raegis wrote:
             | Even well-maintained streets can get potholes, especially
             | after huge weather swings. I once hit a pothole while
             | biking and somersaulted over the handlebars. I landed on my
             | back, but a slightly smaller rotation would have me in the
             | hospital, or worse.
        
           | zasdffaa wrote:
           | > ...we take their board from them, until they show up with
           | one.
           | 
           | Reminds me of a blessedly terse reminder on the entry to a
           | building site: "No hat no boots no job"
        
           | d00k wrote:
           | > ...we take their board from them, until they show up with
           | one.
           | 
           | No you don't, thieves aren't tolerated in our community.
        
             | rollcat wrote:
             | Why did you choose to purposefully misinterpret a metaphor?
        
           | serf wrote:
           | >...we take their board from them, until they show up with
           | one.
           | 
           | > I'd laugh them out of the room, and likely the entire local
           | crew would join in the laughing.
           | 
           | wow your group sounds pretty inviting.
           | 
           | sounds like a group of people that want to keep a niche sport
           | niche -- that's fine, until you realize that your in-group is
           | cultivating habits and characteristics that are totally
           | incompatible with the rest of human society.
           | 
           | I'm by no means a candidate as a participant in such a sport,
           | but I guarantee that kind of behavior is going to fragment
           | the fan-base way before the virtue signaling becomes more
           | effective than simply asking people to wear safety equipment
           | like a normal human being.
           | 
           | There are plenty of more dangerous activities where that kind
           | of behavior would be considered intolerable. Take some
           | lessons from the rest of the dangerous activities around the
           | world, foster good behavior through those methods.
           | 
           | As an ex-surfer this kind of behavior strikes me as the same
           | kind of shit that 'locals' would do to 'bennies' (non-
           | locals); throwing their clothes in the trash or fire-pit and
           | otherwise just being a shit-head because they didn't want
           | them there.
           | 
           | #1 rule in any human endeavor : be nice. Ask them to wear a
           | helmet, explain the importance. If they refuse, disassociate
           | from that individual. Resorting to ham-fisted assault/theft
           | in order to teach a point is beyond immature and will serve
           | to do nothing but fragment the fan-base, make enemies, and
           | eventually invite legal trouble.
        
           | backtoyoujim wrote:
           | Freedom in an unregulated space requires less freedom for the
           | individual, I suppose.
        
             | Covzire wrote:
             | Doesn't have to be a zero sum game, they may be free but
             | have a strong safety culture for another reason.
        
             | mhmmbt wrote:
        
             | rollcat wrote:
             | The safety gear __is__ the freedom. You have minor crashes,
             | bails, small accidents every day, sometimes almost every
             | run. It's normal, it's a part of the sport: you're pushing
             | to improve yourself, you're racing other people
             | competitively. The helmet is an "extra life", but the
             | sliding gloves (think velcro hockey pucks) are about as
             | essential as the wheels themselves; you wear them even in
             | "no paws down" (standup slides only) races, they're what's
             | keeping your palms from becoming meat crayons.
             | 
             | The safety gear allows you to just walk away from some
             | otherwise life-ending accidents like nothing happened.
        
           | hatsunearu wrote:
           | Somewhat unrelated but in car culture aftermarket safety gear
           | like roll cages, bucket seats, racing harnesses, HANS and
           | helmets are seen as cool and badass. It's a good sight.
           | 
           | Though there are some problems, like if you start running the
           | race safety gear, you need to go all out--you can't have a
           | bucket seat and a race harness without also using a helmet
           | and HANS, your head is vulnerable, and if you run a roll cage
           | without a helmet your head is vulnerable. But in race events
           | a lot of people run "cool" safety gear and people have a good
           | attitude towards it.
        
           | yucky wrote:
           | >...we take their board from them, until they show up with
           | one.
           | 
           | I'm confused what this means. So you steal their board? Or
           | are they borrowing/using someone else's board and they
           | forfeit the right to use it?
        
             | progman32 wrote:
             | Presumably, like stealing someone's car keys if they're
             | trying to drive drunk, or taking someone's stick on the
             | city streets if you're one of Louis Rossman's crew in NYC
             | and the perp is going around smashing stuff ;)
        
               | yucky wrote:
               | I think your presumption is illogical, since you take
               | someone's car keys to stop them from committing a crime
               | and harming/killing others.
        
             | rollcat wrote:
             | TL;DR It probably wouldn't happen literally, but any local
             | community is too small and interdependent.
             | 
             | I've never actually seen this threat "executed": the rules
             | are all unwritten, but most people get a clue when reminded
             | or lectured. My friend once wanted to skate in a broken
             | helmet - it literally saved his life a few days before. We
             | had a cute argument, he said it's not really broken if he
             | only hit his head very lightly (so "lightly", he actually
             | had a slight neck pain). I told him I'd buy that broken
             | helmet from him at a full price, just so he doesn't use it,
             | he wouldn't believe me until I took EUR150 out of my
             | pocket. Eventually he agreed to not be an idiot ;)
             | 
             | If you'd insist on not wearing a helmet? On an official
             | event, you'd probably get removed, possibly banned from
             | future events. You need a sticker with your number on the
             | helmet, so you wouldn't make it as far as the start line. I
             | guess on an unofficial freeride, you just wouldn't get
             | invited again - it's all invite only to begin with, and
             | doesn't make much sense unless you have at least 3-4 people
             | participating; someone needs to shuttle, you split the gas
             | cost, sometimes you need spotters, etc. Randoms on a local
             | spot? You either already know them (so you are allowed to
             | yell at them), or they're new, so you make friends and they
             | get a mentor.
        
         | gameswithgo wrote:
        
         | ekanes wrote:
         | When I was 13 I was hit by a car on my bike. Same thing. Helmet
         | cracked, and my head didn't.
        
         | prepend wrote:
         | This is one of those situations where there is a lot of fear
         | and anecdotes but data shows that more accidents and injuries
         | occur with helmets than without.
         | 
         | A company should design their safety protocol well and it
         | includes what equipment workers should and should not wear to
         | protect them best.
         | 
         | So prohibiting helmets is very responsible. Criticizing them
         | seems to be taking an irrational stance that it's better to
         | address your feelings than the actual reality of what happens.
        
           | lelandfe wrote:
           | https://academic.oup.com/ije/article/46/1/278/2617198
           | 
           | > _Bicycle helmet use was associated with reduced odds of
           | head injury, serious head injury, facial injury and fatal
           | head injury. The reduction was greater for serious or fatal
           | head injury. Neck injury was rare and not associated with
           | helmet use. These results support the use of strategies to
           | increase the uptake of bicycle helmets as part of a
           | comprehensive cycling safety plan._
           | 
           | OK, let's see your data!
        
           | ilikehurdles wrote:
           | Can you cite any of those studies? Is this one of those
           | things where studies count the accidents reported for each
           | group without controlling for population size?
           | 
           | I ask because there are "studies" that show there are more
           | skiing accidents with helmets than without, but anyone who
           | has spent a day at a ski hill can tell why that is: the vast,
           | vast majority of people are wearing helmets. Throw a rock
           | into a crowd of skiers and you'll probably hit someone with a
           | helmet. Does that mean helmets attract rocks?
           | 
           | Assuming their accident rates are anywhere in the same
           | ballpark, accidents will involve more helmet wearers by a
           | significant margin just because they outnumber non-helmet
           | wearers.
        
             | msrenee wrote:
             | It's been over a decade since I last stepped foot in a ski
             | area. I don't remember anyone wearing a helmet that wasn't
             | on a snowboard. Are they more common now? It makes a lot of
             | sense with how bad things go when they go bad plus all the
             | trees.
        
               | usrusr wrote:
               | It's almost ten years for me and the last thing I
               | remember was a landslide shift from "hardly anybody" to
               | "almost everybody" within only a few seasons (Austrian
               | alps).
               | 
               | Never read any triumphant reports about how this has
               | saved ten thousands of lives though, so I suspect that
               | numbers aren't _that_ impressive.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Though I do very little downhill skiing these days,
               | they're extremely common at US ski areas now whereas they
               | used to be almost unheard of except for racers. (I don't
               | wear one but I do wear a hat that has ribs of deformable
               | material.)
               | 
               | I don't remember a big campaign or anything but probably
               | some combination of snowboarders normalizing, it becoming
               | seen as negligent not to make kids wear them, and
               | probably a general increase in safety culture--especially
               | among the sort of people who can afford to downhill ski.
               | 
               | There are only around 40 downhill skiing deaths in US
               | annually--although the majority of those are brain
               | injuries.
        
               | MandieD wrote:
               | The landslide was 2009/2010, after the Ministerprasident
               | of Thuringia caused a really bad accident, which he
               | survived but the woman he crashed into didn't. He was
               | wearing a helmet, she wasn't.
        
               | troupe wrote:
               | Very common now. There has been a huge shift in the last
               | decade.
        
           | skeeter2020 wrote:
           | >> but data shows that more accidents and injuries occur with
           | helmets than without.
           | 
           | It's total BS to try and combine accidents with injuries and
           | I'm aware of no reputable study that claims both of your
           | statements.
        
           | kristjansson wrote:
           | Even with a causal effect, it's important to consider the
           | effectiveness as an intervention for a specific group (riders
           | for this company).
           | 
           | There's a reasonable causal story to tell wherein helmet-
           | wearing leads people t take make riskier maneuvers on trips
           | they'd be on, which leads to helmet wearing being associated
           | with injury.
           | 
           | There's another reasonable causal story wherein helmet-
           | wearing leads people to chose to bike on trips they otherwise
           | would take alternative transport, or skip entirely, which
           | leads to helmet wearing being associated with injury.
           | 
           | In the first, a pedicab company might prohibit helmets to
           | reduce risky behavior, but should really compare that
           | intervention to just training and incentivizing lower-risk
           | riding. In the second, the company is severing the connection
           | between the intervention and the effect! The passengers tell
           | riders where to go, so helmet wearing has no effect on risk-
           | taking behavior _specifically for their riders_. Prohibiting
           | helmets then dramatically increases risk/severity of injury.
           | 
           | I'd want to be very sure about the specifics before taking
           | such a counterintuitive decision.
        
           | dkarl wrote:
           | I keep hearing this, here and in other online spaces, but
           | until I see link to one of these studies I'll be skeptical,
           | because I don't see how you could test this in a meaningful
           | way. I see very different people wearing helmets versus not.
           | The people I see not wearing helmets tend to be taking
           | leisurely rides around the neighborhood or screwing around on
           | sidewalks downtown. The people I see wearing helmets are
           | going longer distances and taking trips that span
           | neighborhoods. All the delivery cyclists, racing/fitness
           | enthusiasts, and commuters I see are wearing helmets. For
           | myself, the risks I expose myself to are almost entirely
           | determined by where I ride, which is determined by the
           | purpose of my trip. Show me a study that somehow controls for
           | that, and I'll take it seriously.
           | 
           | My personal feeling is that the "helmets don't help" line is
           | a strategic choice made by bike activists who are doing work
           | I approve of, but I don't trust them when it comes to my
           | safety. They're fighting for separate infrastructure, which I
           | like, but they're dedicated to the idea that the kind of
           | riding I have to do to get anywhere is inherently unsafe.
           | They aren't interested in making what I have to do now more
           | safe; they're interested in making sure people in the future
           | don't have to do it.
        
           | DeWilde wrote:
           | Statistics also show that increased ice cream sale rate
           | correlates with increased drownings occurrences.
           | 
           | So that means ice cream causes drownings and that we should
           | ban it? Or it happens that ice cream eating and swimming both
           | happen during the summer.
        
           | porknubbins wrote:
           | I am an individual, not a statistic. I am completely capable
           | of wearing a helmet without increasing risky behavior, so why
           | should I be prohibited from protecting myself for some
           | dubious statistical effect?
        
           | kwatsonafter wrote:
           | It's a common misconception amongst amateur cyclists that
           | because helmets marginally increase the chance of neck injury
           | and that head injuries are relatively uncommon on bicycles
           | that helmets deliver negative returns in terms of safety but
           | as others have pointed out the data doesn't seem to suggest
           | this is actually the case. Also in terms of common sense
           | consider that all professional cyclists wear helmets when
           | they're competing.
           | 
           | I'm getting real sick of the, "your feelings" talk. You used
           | to get socked in the eye for talking to people that way in
           | public. There's a better way of expressing your point than
           | speaking to proverbial others as though they're children.
           | It's enormously toxic.
        
             | michaelt wrote:
             | _> Also in terms of common sense consider that all
             | professional cyclists wear helmets when they 're
             | competing._
             | 
             | Helmets are mandatory in all major cycle competitions - so
             | I'm not sure this reveals a preference among professional
             | cyclists, so much as a preference among competition
             | administrators.
        
             | cycomanic wrote:
             | > It's a common misconception amongst amateur cyclists that
             | because helmets marginally increase the chance of neck
             | injury and that head injuries are relatively uncommon on
             | bicycles that helmets deliver negative returns in terms of
             | safety but as others have pointed out the data doesn't seem
             | to suggest this is actually the case.
             | 
             | The question is actually more interesting with public
             | health. I have seen several studies that showed that
             | mandatory cycling helmets decrease life expectancy. That's
             | because less people will ride a bike if they have to wear a
             | helmet and the benefits of cycling outweigh the dangers of
             | not wearing the helmet. That doesn't mean it isn't good to
             | wear one anyway if out cycling.
             | 
             | >Also in terms of common sense consider that all
             | professional cyclists wear helmets when they're competing.
             | 
             | Mentioning professional cycling does not help your
             | argument. The riders organisations were fighting strongly
             | against mandatory helmets, and professional cycling was
             | very late with requiring helmets they came many years after
             | they were mandatory for amateur races. There is also the
             | observation that professional cycling has become riskier,
             | although I would not necessarily link that to cyclist
             | wearing helmets, it would be worth investigating though.
        
           | snowwrestler wrote:
           | It's just really hard to eliminate adverse selection in
           | population studies.
           | 
           | If people only choose to put on their helmets when doing
           | dangerous things, but don't bother when doing relatively safe
           | things, then it's going to look like helmet use is correlated
           | with injuries. Even if, on a per-person basis, the helmet
           | actually reduces injury severity.
           | 
           | And it's difficult to test helmet effectiveness directly
           | because it is widely considered unethical to randomly subject
           | people to blows to the head.
        
           | pugets wrote:
           | I don't know if the UK is sufficiently litigious, but if this
           | were in the US, one bad accident causing a head injury would
           | lead to the company being sued into the Stone Age.
           | 
           | Helmets may inadvertently create more accidents, but they
           | also protect the most vital organ in your body during those
           | accidents.
        
           | taeric wrote:
           | I'm curious to know what your data is. Offhand, sounds more
           | like most riding is with helmets, so will dominate the
           | numbers. But it's being interpreted as causal? Feels
           | unlikely. What is the mechanism?
        
             | michaelt wrote:
             | _> Offhand, sounds more like most riding is with helmets_
             | 
             | My impression is:
             | 
             | 1. Dutch-style utility riders using a bike to get around
             | town for errands -> Rare helmets
             | 
             | 2. Lycra-clad competitive cyclists with drop handlebars ->
             | Widespread helmets
             | 
             | 3. City cycle hire scheme users -> Rare helmets
             | 
             | 4. Parents cycling with young children -> Widespread
             | helmets
             | 
             | 5. Poor people commuting on beat-up mountain bikes -> Rare
             | helmets
             | 
             | 6. Organised cycling events with mandatory helmets ->
             | Widespread helmets
             | 
             | 7. Teenagers riding with their friends -> Rare helmets
             | 
             | So the popularity of helmets depends on your locale (does
             | your area have utility riders?) - and whether you measure
             | per-mile or per-bike-owner :)
        
               | taeric wrote:
               | My exposure is mainly commuters. Who largely wear helmets
               | where I am. Any organized ride, too.
               | 
               | But fair, I don't have numbers.
        
           | anonymousab wrote:
           | > but data shows that more accidents and injuries occur with
           | helmets than without.
           | 
           | This demands proof, citation, and of course, controlling for
           | how many cyclists in an area wear helmets vs. not.
        
             | Swizec wrote:
             | Same statistic for motorcycles. You are more likely to be
             | injured in a crash if you wear a helmet.
             | 
             | Because otherwise you go in the dead column.
        
               | 41b696ef1113 wrote:
               | Similar story for helmets during WW1. Prior to metal
               | helmets, soldiers wore cloth caps. After the soldiers
               | started wearing helmets, the number of head injuries
               | climbed rapidly. The alternative, of course is that the
               | soldier would otherwise have been dead.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | You shouldn't follow up a source request with another
               | unsourced fact, but let me follow up with yet another:
               | the statistic are entirely different for motorcycles
               | because motorcyclists are far more likely to have the
               | type of accidents that helmets protect from.
               | 
               | Comparing the fatality rate of bicycling to the one for
               | riding a motorcycle is not good.
               | 
               | edit: That's not only a claim that bicycle helmets vastly
               | reduce the fatality of bicycle accidents (rather than
               | just significantly reduce them), but a claim that so many
               | unhelmeted riders die from bicycle accidents that it
               | distorts safety figures. All of this without any safety
               | figures.
        
           | mistersquid wrote:
           | > but data shows that more accidents and injuries occur with
           | helmets than without.
           | 
           | You provided no data.
        
           | DangitBobby wrote:
           | I find the claim particularly hard to believe. I ride at
           | least twice a week with my brother and we behave exactly the
           | same with and without helmets. If you have a habit of always
           | wearing your helmet, it just starts being something you don't
           | even really consider as part of the equation. In fact, we
           | will occasionally go almost an entire ride before realizing
           | that one of us forgot to put on our helmet.
           | 
           | I find it much more likely that claims of "data shows..." are
           | due to uncontrolled confounding factors, such as riders being
           | more likely to wear a helmet when they perceive the ride as
           | meeting a certain risk threshold.
        
             | cycomanic wrote:
             | I think I have seen several studies that showed that
             | drivers are more aggressive towards riders in lycra and
             | with helmets, so it could still be true that it is riskier
             | to wear a helmet even if you don't take more risks.
        
               | DangitBobby wrote:
               | That's fair. In my neck of the woods, cyclists are
               | universally hated (or ignored), helmet or no.
        
           | christophilus wrote:
           | I'd like to see the evidence of this. I can imagine that
           | maybe wearing a helmet gives a false sense of security, and
           | therefore leads to a bit more recklessness. Still, I'd bet
           | that even if you have more accidents when wearing a helmet,
           | you have fewer deaths.
        
             | spicybright wrote:
             | If anything we should be making helmets that cause _MORE_
             | damage to people to bring that rate down more!  /s
        
         | spike021 wrote:
         | Back in elementary school a few decades ago, they did a
         | demonstration of what happens if you're not wearing a helmet.
         | 
         | They used a watermelon and dropped it from maybe 5 or 6 feet up
         | in the air.
         | 
         | I refuse to ride anything without a helmet ever since.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | mertd wrote:
         | Very good point. The reasoning in the post assumes that the
         | rider is responsible for all accidents.
        
           | bluejekyll wrote:
           | While the article is very short, this was still easy to miss,
           | "... and those driving around them take greater risks too."
           | 
           | So it does in fact mention that both people driving around
           | those wearing helmets as well as the cyclists themselves take
           | greater risks.
           | 
           | The argument is that in the GP's anecdote that the cyclist
           | (and perhaps even the truck driver) would have taken less
           | risky actions preceding the crash, thus avoiding it all-
           | together.
        
             | DangitBobby wrote:
             | > ... and those driving around them take greater risks too
             | 
             | Really? Data shows that a driver will subconsciously take
             | stock of the fact that a cyclist is wearing a helmet and
             | adjust their risk assessments accordingly? I find that
             | incredibly difficult to believe.
        
               | bluejekyll wrote:
               | This seems to be a good article on this: https://www.theg
               | uardian.com/lifeandstyle/2017/mar/21/bike-he...
               | 
               | " In 2006 he attached a computer and an electronic
               | distance gauge to his bike and recorded data from 2,500
               | drivers who overtook him on the roads. Half the time he
               | wore a bike helmet and half the time he was bare-headed.
               | The results showed motorists tended to pass him more
               | closely when he had the helmet on, coming an average of
               | 8.5 cm nearer."
        
               | indymike wrote:
               | > " In 2006 he attached a computer and an electronic
               | distance gauge to his bike and recorded data from 2,500
               | drivers who overtook him on the roads. Half the time he
               | wore a bike helmet and half the time he was bare-headed.
               | The results showed motorists tended to pass him more
               | closely when he had the helmet on, coming an average of
               | 8.5 cm nearer."
               | 
               | This study proves nothing about rider safety. What
               | matters here is actual accidents, and most bike accidents
               | do not even involve a car. The study only proves that
               | motorists would pass about 4 inches closer to author of
               | the study when he had a helmet on. Motorists were not
               | frequently hitting the author.
        
               | DangitBobby wrote:
               | Well, this explaination at least makes some sense to me
               | 
               | > Walker said he believed this was likely to be connected
               | to cycling being relatively rare in the UK, and drivers
               | thus forming preconceived ideas about cyclists based on
               | what they wore. "This may lead drivers to believe
               | cyclists with helmets are more serious, experienced and
               | predictable than those without," he wrote.
               | 
               | The article also mentions this risk-taking study where
               | some participants were asked to gamble and some had
               | helmets on and some had hats on, and found that people
               | with helmets on took greater risks. If I were asked to do
               | something like wear a helmet where one is completely
               | unwarranted, I might feel silly and do silly things for
               | that extra fun factor. Wearing a helmet on a bike results
               | in a completely different mindset than wearing a helmet
               | at the office, if not solely for the fact that it's
               | unusual behavior.
        
               | DangitBobby wrote:
               | I sought out that study [1]. They seemed to control for
               | anxiety levels in the participants, so the results are
               | still interesting. However, they also refer to some prior
               | art:
               | 
               | > Our findings initially appear different from those of
               | some other studies. Fyhri and Phillips (2013; Phillips et
               | al., 2011) found that risk taking in downhill bicycling,
               | measured through riding speed, did not simply increase
               | when a helmet was worn; rather, the people who normally
               | cycled with a helmet took fewer risks when riding without
               | one. Why did the participants in Fyhri and Phillips's
               | study who were not habitual helmet users not react to
               | wearing a helmet with increased risk taking, as our
               | experiment might suggest they would? Clearly more work is
               | needed to definitively pin down all the mechanisms here,
               | but for now, we speculate that the difference might be
               | related to considerable variations between the two
               | studies' procedures. Fyhri and Phillips greatly
               | emphasized the physicality of their task ("to increase
               | the difference in measures between the helmet-on and -off
               | conditions, all participants were instructed to cycle
               | using one-hand in both conditions"; p. 60), which
               | provides a direct link between the action (bicycling) and
               | the condition (helmet wearing) that was absent in our
               | study. Moreover, that study used a repeated measures
               | design, in which participants were aware they were riding
               | a bicycle both with and without a helmet. This could have
               | meant that behavior changed through mechanisms different
               | from those seen here, where participants took part only
               | in one condition and were not aware of any manipulation,
               | nor even that they were specifically wearing a safety
               | device.
               | 
               | So, in the past other studies have concluded that when
               | the helmet has an _actual_ potential impact on safety,
               | they do not induce greater risk-taking behavior. This
               | fits right in with my personal experience, where I don't
               | even consider that fact that I'm wearing my helmet during
               | a ride.
               | 
               | 1. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/09567976
               | 156207...
        
               | bagels wrote:
               | Did they do control for rider behavior? I'm curious if
               | the unhelmeted rode closer to the road edge.
        
             | frereubu wrote:
             | I know you're just elaborating the parent comment's point,
             | so this isn't really directed at you, but the only study
             | I've ever heard of which said anything like that was one
             | academic riding a bike with and without a helmet, and
             | measuring how close cars came to him. IIRC the difference
             | was a matter of one or two centimetres and, perhaps
             | unsurprisingly, the p-value was just under 0.05. That study
             | was regularly thrown around by friends who were looking for
             | a rationale for their dislike of wearing helmets.
             | 
             | We really need some high-quality studies with a much better
             | experimental design that look at overall risk. Perhaps
             | riders are marginally more likely to get into accidents if
             | they wear a helmet, but I know from personal experience
             | that when you _do_ get into an accident you _really_ want
             | to be wearing a helmet - if I wasn 't wearing one when I
             | had a big accident about ten years ago, I'm pretty certain
             | I'd have serious neurological problems now.
        
               | bluejekyll wrote:
               | I linked to an article that I found on this in a sibling
               | comment. It's an average of 8.5cm closer when wearing a
               | helmet. Obviously a p95 etc would be valuable here.
               | 
               | Personally, I believe the correct thing is to provide
               | separate infrastructure from cars for bicyclists. One big
               | nuance in the helmet debate is that the helmet is really
               | best designed from mistakes while riding, ie when done
               | for sport.
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | The reasoning behind the ban is that they're recording more
           | accidents and injuries with helmets than without. The
           | _speculation_ is that the helmeted riders are more
           | aggressive. Neither the reason nor the speculation assume
           | that the rider is responsible for all accidents.
        
           | kixiQu wrote:
           | "So riders wearing helmets take greater risks, _and those
           | driving around them take greater risks too._ "
           | 
           | https://psyarxiv.com/nxw2k
        
             | DangitBobby wrote:
             | Seems like this paper refutes other refutations about
             | previous studies producing helmet disparaging data. Who to
             | believe? I guess I'll just believe these conclusions until
             | the next refutation comes along.
             | 
             | On a more serious note, I assume that conclusions about
             | helmet safety predicated on motorist passing behavior
             | (which I already pretty much just intuitively reject) could
             | not be safely extrapolated to include much larger and more
             | visible multi-person passenger bearing bikes. They are very
             | different visually and culturally and motorists almost
             | certainly behave differently around them, so I'm gonna
             | require new data that takes these different psychological
             | effects into account.
        
         | cycomanic wrote:
         | I had a cycling accident when out training on a road bike
         | coming down a hill doing about 50km/h and a delivery van turned
         | in front of me into a parking lot. I hit the side of the van
         | put a big dent in it and fractured my clavicle and t6 and had
         | several cuts in my face. The helmet I was wearing was
         | completely disintegrated on the side I hit the car with.
         | Fortunately I was visiting Australia were cycling helmets were
         | mandatory, back in Europe were i was living normally i would
         | not have worn one.
         | 
         | Since then I always were a helmet when out training. However I
         | don't wear a helmet when dropping off the kids with my cargo
         | bike. It's true that drivers are more aggressive towards helmet
         | wearers, moreover I can't think of an accident where a helmet
         | would help when I'm on the cargo bike.
        
           | cameronh90 wrote:
           | I had a cycling accident where I misjudged how tight a corner
           | was, ran off the path, high sided and head planted into a
           | tree. I wasn't going fast, maybe 10mph, but clearly too fast
           | for the corner. First injury in over 15 years of cycling.
           | Nobody else involved, indeed, nobody else in earshot, let
           | alone cars.
           | 
           | My friend was cycling up a hill on a cycle route and his
           | handlebars fell apart. Not sure why, think it was metal
           | fatigue - they split down the fork. He woke up on the floor
           | with his helmet in tens of pieces and with no idea what
           | happened.
           | 
           | Things can just go wrong quickly on two wheels, and the
           | outcome is often smashing your head on something.
        
           | op00to wrote:
           | > it's true that drivers are more aggressive towards helmet
           | wearers
           | 
           | Citation, please?
           | 
           | > can't think of an accident where a helmet would help when
           | I'm on the cargo bike.
           | 
           | Right hook.
        
             | tboughen wrote:
             | "cyclists were given 8.5cm (3.3 inches) more clearance by
             | cars if they were not wearing helmets."
             | 
             | https://helmets.org/walkerstudy.htm
        
               | threeseed wrote:
               | You know that the article you posted was about refuting
               | this claim:
               | 
               | "After re-analysis of Walker's data, helmet wearing is
               | not associated with close motor vehicle passing"
        
               | KennyBlanken wrote:
               | As discussed above: the "re-analysis" took an analog
               | measurement, filtered it into a binary "close" or "not
               | close" at an arbitrary distance threshold, and then
               | patted themselves on the back when the found there was no
               | difference.
        
               | i_am_jl wrote:
               | Confirmation bias machine strikes again.
        
             | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
             | There's this Ian Walker study: https://www.sciencedirect.co
             | m/science/article/abs/pii/S00014...
             | 
             | It's a small sample size, so take with a pinch of salt.
        
               | threeseed wrote:
               | Refutation of the Walker study which "assesses the extent
               | to which the sample size in the original analysis may
               | have contributed to spurious results".
               | 
               | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3783373/
        
               | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
               | Response to the refutation: https://researchportal.bath.a
               | c.uk/en/publications/bicycle-he...
               | 
               | Olivier and Walter re-analysed the same data in 2013 and
               | claimed helmet wearing was not associated with close
               | vehicle passing. Here we show how Olivier and Walter's
               | analysis addressed a subtly, but importantly, different
               | question than Walker's. Their conclusion was based on
               | omitting information about variability in driver
               | behaviour and instead dividing overtakes into two binary
               | categories of 'close' and 'not close'; we demonstrate
               | that they did not justify or address the implications of
               | this choice, did not have sufficient statistical power
               | for their approach, and moreover show that slightly
               | adjusting their definition of 'close' would reverse their
               | conclusions. We then present a new analysis of the
               | original dataset, measuring directly the extent to which
               | drivers changed their behaviour in response to helmet
               | wearing. This analysis confirms that drivers did,
               | overall, get closer when the rider wore a helmet.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | u801e wrote:
             | You can largely avoid right hooks by riding in the primary
             | position/take the general purpose lane by default rather
             | than riding towards the edge or in the bike lane.
        
         | ClumsyPilot wrote:
         | Does an employer have the right to put someone's life at risk
         | on purpose? If so, is the employer going to be on the hook when
         | an accident does happen?
         | 
         | It's one thing to risk your own life by not using safety gear.
         | 
         | Its another level of reckless to not provide safety gear to
         | your employees
         | 
         | To forbid someone else from using their own safety gear is a
         | level of asine behaviour that trully terrible.
         | 
         | But these guys top even that- they don't just dicourage
         | employees from wearing helmets through hush-hush, hint hint,
         | they boast about it in a public press release.
         | 
         | It's not your life to risk, that person is not a serf, and if I
         | wants to wear a bulletproof vest everywhere I goes that's not
         | the employer's concern. If ee allow this to stand, it sets a
         | terrible precedent.
        
       | h2odragon wrote:
       | Individual choice? Perhaps some people really do have more
       | awareness without a helmet? Maybe the individual involved is the
       | only one that can decide if a helmet is better for them or not?
       | 
       | Why can't our prejudices on this be just our own? We don't have
       | to mandate them for others.
        
       | stjohnswarts wrote:
       | If they can tell if riders are being unsafe then the rest of it
       | is drivel and helmets should be worn. Train them, monitor them,
       | and helmet them. Whoever set this policy is an idiot. I can see
       | helmets being optional, but banning them is some big brain stats
       | guy who can't look at anything but stats.
        
       | rayiner wrote:
       | The first wrongful death lawsuit over this is going to be a real
       | wake-up call.
        
       | phtrivier wrote:
       | Missing info : what are the company's riders carrying ? How much
       | are they incentived to ride fast and take risk ?
       | 
       | I don't think barring Uber eats driver from wearing helmet would
       | be safe. I don't know about this company, though I hope they
       | don't absolutely ban helmet so much as not mandating them.
        
       | niemandhier wrote:
       | Is Pedal me going to pay if a cyclist is gravely injured without
       | his own fault because he did not wear a helmet?
       | 
       | Risk compensation ( the reason they give for the decision ) is
       | incredible hard to measure, since it involves causality. We suck
       | at detecting causality in observational data. Basing a decision
       | on ( most likely ) bad statistics is madness.
        
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