[HN Gopher] Troof on Nootropics
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Troof on Nootropics
        
       Author : jseliger
       Score  : 51 points
       Date   : 2022-05-18 16:46 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (astralcodexten.substack.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (astralcodexten.substack.com)
        
       | fasteo wrote:
       | Too bad Troof blog is using a definition of nootropic that I
       | don't like:
       | 
       | "Any substance purported to increase or enhance cognitive
       | abilities."
       | 
       | He reckons that:
       | 
       | "Some only use the term nootropic to refer to a specific thing
       | which should check a very specific checklist, e.g. having very
       | few side-effects. As I'm not using this definition, remember that
       | the nootropics mentioned here can be very dangerous."
       | 
       | And I am very much inclined to think a nootropic as a substance
       | that[1]
       | 
       | "should _protect the brain_ against various physical or chemical
       | injuries (e.g. barbiturates, scopalamine). "
       | 
       | I would even change should by _must_
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corneliu_E._Giurgea#Nootropic_...
        
         | Trasmatta wrote:
         | For better or worse, the modern colloquial usage of nootropic
         | is nowhere near the original definition. Caffeine is considered
         | "the most widely used nootropic", but it doesn't even fit the
         | original usage.
        
       | tristor wrote:
       | What I got from this is that the most effective nootropics are
       | things that affect energy levels and feelings of wellbeing. Items
       | which are not stimulants rating highly indicates to a large
       | degree that the underlying mechanism for many people might simply
       | be alleviating their own anxiety so they can focus.
       | 
       | The reality then, probably matches the chart pretty well for the
       | types of people who do focused work and can afford to try things
       | out and the best routine is likely what people have known is good
       | for many things tied to health for a long time:
       | 
       | 1. Lose weight.
       | 
       | 2. Exercise regularly.
       | 
       | 3. Get good sleep.
        
         | metacritic12 wrote:
         | The "energy" factor and "making you feel good" factor might be
         | it.
         | 
         | > people might simply be alleviating their own anxiety
         | 
         | Dexedrine and Adderall exacerbate anxiety if anything.
        
           | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
           | > Adderall exacerbate anxiety if anything.
           | 
           | Not so. Brain fog creates tremendous anxiety because it
           | continually sabotages pretty much everything. Fifteen years
           | of Adderall has dramatically reduced anxiety for me and
           | everyone around me.
        
             | metacritic12 wrote:
             | Interesting, the confidence channel of anxiety reduction.
        
             | astrange wrote:
             | This is true for me, but I can't raise my dose past 20mg
             | Vyvanse without getting "physical" anxiety even before the
             | mental one starts.
             | 
             | Accidentally getting too much caffeine can be unpleasant
             | too.
        
           | daniel-cussen wrote:
           | If anything. Dexedrine does nothing at all in any way in
           | other cases.
        
       | AcerbicZero wrote:
       | I'm not surprised Adderall took the top spot; as far as "wonder
       | drugs" go, it basically checks all the boxes. Energy, weight
       | loss, motivation, the whole thing all in one nice little package.
       | I think the trap is that over time it doesn't work exactly like
       | it did before, and if you take it every single day you can get
       | burned out. I like to skip a day or two over the weekend, to help
       | start the week out a bit more fresh, but to each their own.
       | 
       | It's not comforting to know that my prefered answer to this
       | (adult diagnosed) ADHD problem puts me right next to the meth
       | addicts without teeth, but it's a risk that has paid off
       | massively for me.
        
         | astrange wrote:
         | > I think the trap is that over time it doesn't work exactly
         | like it did before, and if you take it every single day you can
         | get burned out.
         | 
         | You may have a magnesium deficiency. Tolerance to Adderall
         | definitely isn't guaranteed.
         | 
         | NAC can also help in some people.
         | 
         | (both of these recommended by my psych not just /r/nootropics)
        
         | ericmcer wrote:
         | Adderall compared to smoking meth is like drinking green tea vs
         | chewing up a handful of caffeine pills.
         | 
         | It has changed my life in a pretty beneficial way, but totally
         | agree about having days off. I take 3 days off a week and
         | refuse to let my doctor bump up the pill size.
        
         | nokcha wrote:
         | In regards to the difference in effect between Adderall and
         | illegal street meth, Scott thinks the biggest difference is the
         | dosage size, effectively around 50x higher for street meth:
         | https://astralcodexten.substack.com/p/drug-users-use-a-lot-o...
         | 
         |  _Dosis sola facit venenum._
        
           | Teever wrote:
           | This may not actually be the case:
           | https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2021/11/the-
           | new...
           | 
           | I've done a decent amount of drugs, and I've been around
           | people who have done a hell of a lot more, but I recently had
           | a friend develop a meth problem, and I have to say, there is
           | something remarkably different about how issue compared to
           | what I've seen in my life.
        
           | daniel-cussen wrote:
           | And particularly the means--smoking it versus taking orally.
           | A lot of these stims are terrible if snorted or injected,
           | they used to warn patients never to do that or risk becoming
           | addicted.
           | 
           | There is a methamphetamine that is prescribed to ADD's, not
           | the same as the street version of course.
        
         | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
         | > I think the trap is that over time it doesn't work exactly
         | like it did before, and if you take it every single day you can
         | get burned out.
         | 
         | After many years of 7d/wk use, it still works as expected for
         | me. Diff bodies and all that.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | Fletch137 wrote:
       | This article conviced me decide to research and possibly try
       | using Dexedrine/Dextroamphetamine. Wish me the best! I always
       | wanted to try a potentially powerful nootropic.
        
         | myfavoritedog wrote:
         | I used Dexedrine some years ago because I was dealing with a
         | lack of focus, tiredness, and brain fog.
         | 
         | For the month or so that it worked, it was pretty awesome. My
         | mind felt like it was hammering away and as sharp as I was in
         | my twenties.
         | 
         | Unfortunately, that feeling didn't last more than maybe six
         | weeks. I was advised by some to just increase the dosage, but
         | my heart was already fluttering in my chest at the dosage I was
         | at. Also, my sleep was odd, with weird dreams that would wake
         | me up, preventing me from falling back asleep for hours. Added
         | to that, my blood pressure got stuck over 140 and wouldn't come
         | down.
         | 
         | If I could get a prescription that would give me the benefits
         | of those first weeks of use, without destroying my health, I'd
         | be all over it.
         | 
         | Eventually, my GP noticed that I had a thyroid deficiency that
         | I'm not treating with thyroid hormone. That's helped a great
         | deal with the tiredness and brain fog.
        
           | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
           | > For the month or so that it worked, it was pretty awesome.
           | Unfortunately, that feeling didn't last more than maybe six
           | weeks.
           | 
           | Sort of similar. I found every wrong road I took
           | (supplements, diets, physical) helped - for 2 weeks and then
           | never again. Stims turned out to be my right road.
        
         | GuB-42 wrote:
         | Aka "speed". Of course it works, it is a hard drug! You can
         | also try MDMA, meth, cocaine, etc... they all work, until they
         | kill you.
         | 
         | Ok, I am exaggerating, these drugs are not that bad, even if
         | you include their "fun" applications, as long as you follow the
         | harm reduction principles. And these anti-ADHD tablets are not
         | dubious street drugs, they are well dosed, pure and slowly
         | released.
         | 
         | But still, I would avoid these in the long run, caffeine is
         | where I draw the line for regular use (and I'd rather not
         | depend on it). Also keep in mind that ADHD treatment is meant
         | for people with ADHD, basically giving them the stimulation
         | their brain can't provide on its own, this way they can calm
         | down instead of being in constant search for excitement. If you
         | don't have ADHD you don't need any of that and it will just
         | make you a bit high, an almost opposite effect.
        
           | Tenoke wrote:
           | >Aka "speed".
           | 
           | Speed is typically not Dextroamphetamine and not as pure (at
           | minimum the dosages seem quite different) though hard to tell
           | what amphetamine you are getting with it. Otherwise yes,
           | pretty close and it's possible that speed is more dangerous
           | because of the amounts people take of it at a time vs the
           | typically lower and more consistent dosing with Dexedrine.
           | Similar for meth and vyvanse.
        
           | astrange wrote:
           | > Also keep in mind that ADHD treatment is meant for people
           | with ADHD, basically giving them the stimulation their brain
           | can't provide on its own, this way they can calm down instead
           | of being in constant search for excitement.
           | 
           | That's not how it works. Your brain has networks responsible
           | for keeping the rest under control and it's those that get
           | "stimulated". It doesn't just make everything more exciting -
           | that's MDMA.
        
         | jdmoreira wrote:
         | Humm... I knew a few people that managed to destroy their life
         | by taking amphetamines. Sometimes there is a reason for some
         | substances to be controlled. But of course ultimately it's up
         | to you and each case is a case. I just wanted to offer some
         | deterrent because I know anecdotal reports on the internet tend
         | to be quite positive since the people that wrote them probably
         | just started.
        
           | MerelyMortal wrote:
           | And if it destroys people's lives, then those people probably
           | aren't prioritizing writing online to tell others.
           | 
           | Survivorship Bias?
        
             | Tenoke wrote:
             | Not necessarily. I hear a lot more often of all the people
             | with destroyed lives by opiates than about all the people
             | whose lives are improved(which is if anything a larger
             | group).
        
               | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
               | > I hear a lot more often of all the people with
               | destroyed lives by opiates
               | 
               | They get all the press & panic. The much, much, _much_
               | larger group - they 're the people who've become unable
               | to be prescribed any pain meds (due to frightened Dr.s, 3
               | day state limits on Rx) and now live their lives in pain.
               | They're pretty much off everyone's radar.
               | 
               | I have friends with chronic conditions (re:Rhum
               | Arthritis) who responsibly took pain meds for years but
               | now buy their pain relief off the street. Zero of their
               | Dr.s are willing to Rx any opioids. Past that are the now
               | commonplace stories of people being Rx Tylenol following
               | surgery.
               | 
               | In the last year, I twice had to beg+negotiate for
               | _Tramadol_. Once following surgery and once to tamper
               | down severe knee pain so I could exercise. That latter
               | one came with a  "Don't Ask For This Again" vibe.
        
           | awa wrote:
           | Can you share some more details? As I have just been
           | prescribed Adderall and I want to make sure that's something
           | I want to take regularly.
        
             | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
             | I've been on Adderall for 15 years. It's brought sweeping,
             | positive changes to my life.
             | 
             | I have increased control over thinking & recall and that
             | allows my efforts to yield results. It's an everything-
             | sized difference.
        
             | astrange wrote:
             | It's perfectly safe as long as you monitor your blood
             | pressure and remember to eat. The evidence is quite good
             | that taking it reduces substance abuse in patients as well.
        
             | jdmoreira wrote:
             | If you have been prescribed something, you are under doctor
             | supervision so my comment doesn't apply to you. I was
             | talking about people doing drugs and/or self medicating.
             | 
             | Just make sure your doctor's loyalty lies with you and not
             | with some pharmaceutical company and you will be fine.
        
               | jdmoreira wrote:
               | and you could always get a second or third opinion just
               | to make sure.
        
       | gunfighthacksaw wrote:
       | I used to take noopept in my undergrad. No idea if it worked, or
       | if I just started trying and that's why I'm doing well now.
       | 
       | Recently I started to microdose shrooms. Anecdotally, I can
       | juuust feel the 'come-up' ie light feeling in stomach and a wave
       | of depersonalization, and while the effects on my cognition are
       | minor, I feel that thinking is harder, but my intuition gets
       | sharper.
        
       | rejectfinite wrote:
       | Adderall?? That is medication... I thought nootropics was legal
       | things like caffeine and l-theamine?
        
         | Trasmatta wrote:
         | The definition is super blurry now, and far from the original
         | definition. Some people even consider microdosing shrooms or
         | LSD as included.
        
       | manishsharan wrote:
       | Can someone please explain how weighlifting figures into this ?
       | It is rated ahead of Ritalin .. so does that imply lifting heavy
       | weights will improve focus during doing non-physical tasks?
        
         | starkd wrote:
         | I think any kind of vigorous excercise does this.
        
         | cossatot wrote:
         | Although I didn't read the article, from my personal
         | experience, weightlifting during the week helps me focus, and
         | in a way that cardio does not. In weeks in which I lift 2-3
         | days, at the moderate level that I do (say 45 min of using free
         | weights and body weight lifts at a medium pace, nothing
         | extreme), I'm much less fidgety than weeks where I'm not able
         | to lift, but my brain is still sharp.
         | 
         | This is in contrast to biking or rowing at a moderate pace
         | (pusing myself and getting pretty sweaty but not collapsing or
         | wanting to barf) for an hour once or twice a week. If I do
         | this, I am still less fidgety but I feel more mentally fatigued
         | later on the day, and sometimes the morning after, I exercise.
         | I attribute this to nutrition/glucose levels and hydration, but
         | even drinking a ton of water and snacking won't fully
         | ameliorate the issues. The same thing happens after a weekend
         | of playing hard, like kayaking one day and hiking with my
         | daughter in my backpack the next day. I'm often pretty
         | unproductive on Monday (oh well... ;)
         | 
         | What works best for me is moderate weight lifting followed by
         | like 30 min of moderate rowing or biking, twice during the work
         | week. Although I might feel a bit more depleted after rowing
         | than not, my overall energy level is higher than if I skip the
         | cardio, and I recover more quickly from my weekend activities.
        
         | SemanticStrengh wrote:
         | yes it is a long acting nootropic altough the effect while real
         | is not acutely perceivable much.
        
       | gaws wrote:
       | Troof reads like a wannabe gwern.
        
       | cowanon22dd wrote:
        
       | widowlark wrote:
       | This is a large list of things to just say 'going outside is
       | really good for you, and has zero side effects and fairly maximal
       | effects'
        
       | orangepurple wrote:
       | You can cut diamonds with your focus on the third full day of a
       | water, salt, and black coffee fast.
        
         | BatFastard wrote:
         | It's the "must hunt" instinct cutting in on that third day. I
         | loved day 3 of the fast! I fasted 3 days a week for months,
         | loved it.
        
         | MetaMonk wrote:
         | "Works on my machine!"
        
         | klyrs wrote:
         | I reflexively cut people who interrupt my focus on any fast
         | longer than a few hours... okay maybe not cut, but the hangry
         | is way too intense to interact with humanity.
        
         | paskozdilar wrote:
         | So can you on third day of methamphetamine fast, but I don't
         | think I'd recommend it to anyone.
        
           | sorenn111 wrote:
           | OP was making a comment about efficacy of water fasts; to
           | compare water fasts to meth is pretty wild.
        
             | criddell wrote:
             | I think they were comparing a water + meth diet with a
             | water + caffeine diet.
        
               | paskozdilar wrote:
               | I confirm that you are right. It sounded funnier in my
               | head.
        
               | orangepurple wrote:
               | Why drink water when you can drink METH?
        
               | klyrs wrote:
               | Is crystal meth "salt"?
        
       | dopa42365 wrote:
       | If there was something that greatly increased performance, you,
       | your mom and (nearly) everyone else would know about it and take
       | it already.
       | 
       | So far, that's mostly limited to stimulants, with caffeine being
       | one of the most used drugs worldwide. It's not some well kept
       | secret, you don't have to look out for it, it's everywhere
       | (coffee, soft drinks, energy drinks, pre-workout products, it's
       | the main ingredient of every gamer-goo mix). It's popular because
       | it evidently works.
       | 
       | Spending a ton of money on very questionable nootropics is
       | probably not that smart though!
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | tlb wrote:
         | Ah, the efficient market hypothesis applied to the most
         | inefficient sector of the economy: health. What could go wrong?
        
         | gunfighthacksaw wrote:
         | Back in 2011 you could spend less than $20CAD and get enough
         | noopept powder for months and months. Tastes like shit though
         | (imagine the most bitter thing you've ever had x10) so I'd
         | recommend shelling out more for gelcaps, or make them yourself.
        
           | neurocat123 wrote:
           | I recently (2021) saw a TV ad on a Russian-language channel
           | for noopept, during a visit to Moldova. It included a slow-
           | motion happy family. Looks like it's gone mainstream by now
           | (at least in some parts of the world).
        
         | Trasmatta wrote:
         | > If there was something that greatly increased performance
         | 
         | I'll add "and doesn't have major side effects". Amphetamines
         | could probably fit your definition otherwise.
        
       | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
       | > few things that aren't chemicals at all like meditation and
       | exercise
       | 
       | Those things release, inhibit and moderate chemicals. Your body
       | has a lot of drugs in it already.
        
       | tlarkworthy wrote:
       | I started using VR as a brain refresher, I feel that should be
       | considered too. It's sorta exercise but with more modalities
        
       | Trasmatta wrote:
       | Phenylpiracetam and Aniracetam have been the best nootropics for
       | me. They offer mild stimulation while also being somewhat
       | anxiolytic and mood boosting.
       | 
       | Most of the other ones I've tried seem to do nothing but eat into
       | my wallet.
       | 
       | I mostly see effective nootropics as a set of very mild
       | stimulants that give some of the benefits without the drawbacks
       | of their stronger cousins.
       | 
       | There's also a lot of placebo going on in nootropic communities.
       | Just about every week in the nootropics subreddit somebody is
       | posting about how something they started taking 3 days ago has
       | changed their life.
        
       | carlgreene wrote:
       | Ever since quitting stimulants I've been searching for something
       | to make life as exciting as it previously was when I was on
       | caffeine.
       | 
       | I have tried several nootropics, Tongkat Ali being the latest.
       | These things definitely have effects, but the side effects were
       | too great for me. I was able to get through the intense nausea,
       | felt good for a few weeks and then was getting CRIPPLING anxiety
       | whenever I'd take them.
       | 
       | I've just come to the conclusion that day to day life isn't
       | really meant to be "exciting" and I've learned to live with it.
       | 
       | The last thing I want to do is become dependent on yet another
       | thing to elevate my mood, and feel good. Would much rather focus
       | on the external inputs and filter those to provide myself with
       | the best mental state.
        
         | ericmcer wrote:
         | I think of it less as being dependent on a substance and more
         | as being able to cleanly segment my life. Especially with
         | something like Adderall XR which has a 6-8 hour duration, it is
         | pretty straightforward to turn on and off. Then on days off or
         | after work it is easier to feel no particular obligation to do
         | anything work related. Another bonus is getting so much done
         | when 'on' that your time off is free from any anxiety around
         | work achievements.
         | 
         | That said I had a similar relationship to caffeine, it was more
         | intense than adderall/ritalin to me but the afternoon drop off
         | and affects on sleep/mood were too much and I have cut way
         | back.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-05-20 23:02 UTC)