[HN Gopher] MI officials fast-track bridge fix after man says it...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       MI officials fast-track bridge fix after man says it 'collapsed
       under my feet'
        
       Author : lando2319
       Score  : 134 points
       Date   : 2022-05-19 15:29 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.detroitnews.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.detroitnews.com)
        
       | MrLeap wrote:
       | There's a lot to unpack here. Guy enters the news for being the
       | good guy donating a baseball to a museum instead of collecting a
       | big check for it. Later, on his way to a baseball game while
       | discussing things with a "fellow attorney" he falls through a
       | hole in a public bridge?
       | 
       | Is there an award for greatest plaintiff advantage? I can imagine
       | him on stage next to a school bus full of paralegal orphans. Glad
       | the dude is okay.
        
         | yabones wrote:
         | And he didn't just fall through the bridge, he dusted himself
         | off and went to the game anyways! Guy didn't even go to the
         | hospital for days despite being obviously concussed...
        
           | londons_explore wrote:
           | I'll be honest... I think he's lying about falling through
           | the bridge.
           | 
           | He probably found a hole in the bridge, then decided to
           | scratch himself up a bit and jump down through the hole to
           | claim compensation. Doing it while on the phone to his mate
           | is a good way to have a 'witness'.
           | 
           | Going to the hospital a few days later was probably because
           | people told him he wouldn't get much compensation unless he
           | had a doctor say he suffered substantially, recommend time
           | off work, etc.
        
             | s5fs wrote:
             | I have to disagree as you have no evidence to support your
             | position.
             | 
             | Based on the information provided, it seems highly unlikely
             | to me that a guy who passed up an easy payday for a
             | baseball would get an attorney friend to lie for what is
             | likely going to be a very small claim. He still attended
             | the game, and another game a couple days later, which
             | likely rules out substantial suffering. So, given the low
             | potential payout what would be his motivation? Simplest
             | explanation is the guy just fell through an ill-maintained
             | bridge. Could happen to anyone, really!
        
           | klyrs wrote:
           | Funny thing about brain injuries... we don't always make the
           | best decisions in their aftermath.
        
         | geonic wrote:
         | He also lost his 21 month old son in 2018. Poor guy.
        
         | mbg721 wrote:
         | After the record-breaking Mark McGwire home runs years ago, the
         | IRS went after the people who ended up with the balls, arguing
         | that even if they didn't sell them, the balls represented
         | reportable income. Just another thing to think about.
        
           | justin66 wrote:
           | Given that the guy who caught the Albert Pujols ball donated
           | it to a 501c3, there's really not much to think about.
        
             | renewiltord wrote:
             | He gets to deduct the whole value, though, right?
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | Yes, his income increases by whatever the value of the
               | ball is when he takes ownership of the ball and he
               | deducts the same amount when he donates it to a 501c3.
               | How else could that possibly work?
               | 
               | Obviously, the deduction cannot reach any of his other
               | income, because it is, by definition, consumed by the
               | value of the ball.
        
               | justin66 wrote:
               | Under a truly strict reading of the law, there might be
               | some problems since the guy might not itemize deductions,
               | in which case there's a pretty modest limit to the total
               | value of charitable deductions he can make, which he
               | might not have declared anyhow. Which might or might not
               | be a problem depending on the dollar value of the ball he
               | received and immediately gave away, if the whole thing
               | came to the attention of the IRS. They theoretically
               | might potentially want him to refile and itemize his
               | deductions if they had an opinion about the value of the
               | ball, and that refiling could affect his refund for that
               | year by a small amount.
               | 
               | This all falls pretty firmly in the "who gives a shit?"
               | area of tax law.
        
       | BXLE_1-1-BitIs1 wrote:
       | The rebar is totally rusted. Last properly inspected maybe a
       | decade ago. It takes time to get to that state of deterioration.
       | 
       | Also a hazard to traffic below from chunks falling off.
        
       | newaccount2021 wrote:
        
       | mhmmbt wrote:
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | curiousgal wrote:
       | The American Dream: getting wronged by a city and suing them!
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Please don't post nationalistic flamebait. It leads to
         | nationalistic flamewars, which are one of the things we want to
         | avoid here.
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
           | juanani wrote:
           | Unless it's about Russia, then flame away!
        
             | dang wrote:
             | Not so - we very much care about this rule regardless of
             | country - it would be deeply hypocritical to do otherwise.
             | Unfortunately, massive global trends overwhelm moderation
             | and there's a limit to what we can do under one of those
             | tidal waves. For one thing, it's not possible to read all
             | the comments.
        
         | jnovek wrote:
         | Dude was standing on a bridge which crumbled under him like a
         | cartoon.
         | 
         | You really, truly, honestly think he should have to pay his own
         | medical bills for this?
        
           | curiousgal wrote:
           | Did I say that? I'm just saying he's lucky!
        
             | pg_bot wrote:
             | I'm going to guess if you were to ask him that he would
             | prefer to have the bridge stay intact while he was walking
             | on it.
        
               | pooper wrote:
               | The fact that we have to sue the government for it to
               | cover the cost of medical treatment after falling because
               | of literally crumbling infrastructure is what is
               | ridiculous. They should be falling head over feet to
               | offer to pay this person.
        
       | paulmd wrote:
       | There is a bridge in Flint where the support pillars are held
       | together by giant steel clamps because the concrete is crumbling
       | underneath them. As you go northbound on I-75 and it makes that
       | 90-degree left turn next to some kind of auto plant, there is a
       | 3-level interchange and the support pillars have giant clamps on
       | them. Every time I drive under it, it's a bit of a laugh, but who
       | knows how safe it really actually is.
       | 
       | I don't think that's an exception either. The state of
       | infrastructure in this country is indeed terrible and people have
       | been sounding the alarm since forever, and it just never gets
       | fixed. But there is always money for new tanks that get sent
       | straight to the boneyard, or fighting whatever extremely-
       | important war we're into this year.
        
         | exabrial wrote:
         | The Democrats passed $1,000,000,000,000 Dollar "infrastructure"
         | bill, of which 5% of which "went" to roads and bridges, and
         | give the effectiveness of the government spending money, that's
         | about .05% actually making it to the street. So one bridge
         | might get fixed.
        
           | hemreldop wrote:
        
           | neuronexmachina wrote:
           | Do you have a source for your "5%" claim? That conflicts with
           | what I'm seeing here: https://www.newsweek.com/fact-check-
           | does-only-11-percent-bil...
           | 
           | > The 2,702-page bipartisan bill, summarized in a fact sheet
           | issued by the White House, contains $550 billion in new
           | spending, in addition to funding allocated each year for
           | various infrastructure projects. The allocation for roads and
           | bridges ($110 billion), railroads ($66 billion), airports
           | ($25 billion) and ports ($17 billion) alone totals $218
           | billion, which is just over 18 percent of the overall
           | spending over the 10-year period-- significantly higher than
           | the 11 percent touted by Trump.
           | 
           | > An additional $240 billion is going toward upgrading and
           | improving the nation's power grids ($73 billion), water
           | infrastructure ($55 billion, plus another $8 billion for
           | Western water infrastructure in response to ongoing droughts
           | across the West), public transit systems ($39 billion) and
           | broadband ($65 billion). In the past, all of that has
           | typically fallen under the "public infrastructure" umbrella
           | and would raise the share of "real infrastructure" to at
           | least 38 percent.
           | 
           | > The addition of more contentious elements that arguably
           | fall under a looser definition of public infrastructure--such
           | as safety enhancements ($11 billion), electric vehicle
           | charging stations ($7.5 billion) and electric school buses
           | ($7.5 billion), along with $47 billion for cybersecurity and
           | climate change mitigation--would tip the total over 44
           | percent.
        
         | fabianhjr wrote:
         | > it just never gets fixed.
         | 
         | Its because public spending on infrastructure is "socialism"
         | and it is better to give loans to private companies and let
         | "the free market" fix the infrastructure; any day now.
         | 
         | Its an unexplained miracle the US hasn't collapsed yet.
        
           | throwaway0a5e wrote:
           | If public spending is socialism then why don't states that
           | don't the one party blue states that don't get antsy about
           | "socialism" have great infrastructure?
        
             | fabianhjr wrote:
             | > If public spending is socialism
             | 
             | It isn't, my comment is a jab on US politics and discourse;
             | though neoliberalism and "minarchism" has corroded the
             | existing infrastructure through "austerity" (money
             | redirection towards forever wars and imperialism) and red-
             | scare tactics.
        
             | x86_64Ubuntu wrote:
             | Are interstates recipients of Federal funding or only state
             | funding?
        
             | kevingadd wrote:
             | No blue state is actually okay with socialism at any higher
             | level. The Democrat party leadership hates left-wing
             | politics. Just the other day Pete Buttigieg was trying to
             | explain how we can't solve baby formula problems the
             | socialist way so children have to starve for the sake of
             | factory owners:
             | 
             | > Biden's secretary of transportation, Pete Buttigieg, has
             | argued that this kind of socialist experiment would be
             | unacceptable -- even to stop babies from starving to death.
             | "Let's be very clear," Buttigieg told CBS, "This is a
             | capitalist country. The government does not make baby
             | formula, nor should it. Companies make baby formula."
             | 
             | (For the record, "Socialism" would not fix the US's bridge
             | or baby formula woes because they are both the results of
             | decades of neglect and bad policy that can't be undone in a
             | year.)
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | > "This is a capitalist country. The government does not
               | make baby formula, nor should it. Companies make baby
               | formula."
               | 
               | Singapore would disagree that government manufacture of
               | baby formula represents socialism. The government can do
               | what it wants without impairing the market. Where
               | socialism comes in is when the government intervenes to
               | protect its baby formula industry, by barring competitors
               | from participating in the market or by subsidizing its
               | own formula manufacture with tax revenues.
        
               | uoaei wrote:
               | I'm also a bit confused why that came up, considering
               | he's head of transportation. Do they also concern
               | themselves with manufacturing?
        
               | munk-a wrote:
               | Biden's approval numbers are absolute garbage - I suspect
               | he'll have a contested run in 2024 (or "voluntarily"
               | decline to run) and all the sharks want to start getting
               | their names in the headlines.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | swearwolf wrote:
           | It's starting to. Remember that bridge in Pittsburgh that
           | spontaneously collapsed? I'm sure there are many other lesser
           | known examples.
        
           | phkahler wrote:
           | >> Its because public spending on infrastructure is
           | "socialism" and it is better to give loans to private
           | companies and let "the free market" fix the infrastructure;
           | any day now.
           | 
           | nonsense. It's the governments job to do this maintenance.
           | There are entire departments dedicated to it. The problem is
           | that they are underfunded, in part because the money goes
           | ummm somewhere else, and because for some reason taxing
           | people or business enough to cover state expenses is
           | considered bad practice.
        
             | SkittyDog wrote:
             | The post you're responding to was pretty obviously
             | sarcastic... Note their use of quotes around "socialism"
             | and "the free market, and the phrase "any day now".
             | 
             | So the other poster was making the exact same point that
             | you made (unsarcastically), but it sounds like you may not
             | have realized that? At any rate, you both seem to be
             | largely in agreement about the current state of affairs.
        
             | xtian wrote:
             | Our "state expenses" in no way reflect the immediate needs
             | of the people or any kind of popular democratic will. The
             | average citizen in the US gets extremely little from the
             | state relative to the taxes they pay, so opposing higher
             | taxes is very rational.
        
               | chiefalchemist wrote:
               | Agreed. It's not the amount of taxes per se, it's the
               | (perception of) value. Few are favor of higher taxes
               | because they currently feel that they get (next to)
               | nothing from what they pay now. Who wants to pay more for
               | more nothing??
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | > Few are favor of higher taxes because they currently
               | feel that they get (next to) nothing from what they pay
               | now. Who wants to pay more for more nothing??
               | 
               | Interestingly, a lot of these people also aren't in favor
               | of paying less for less nothing.
        
             | zip1234 wrote:
             | Yes, introduce use taxes that fully pay for such
             | infrastructure. Stop overbuilding everything--no reason to
             | make a 4 lane overpass when 2 is sufficient.
        
         | p1mrx wrote:
         | These pillars?:
         | https://www.google.com/maps/@42.9825563,-83.7311805,3a,90y,3...
        
           | paulmd wrote:
           | Yup! That next bridge 100 feet farther north looks even worse
           | too, lol. Don't think you're supposed to be able to see the
           | deck like that.
           | 
           | From what I remember, that set of bridges has had problems
           | with chunks coming off and hitting people as they drive on
           | the highway. A chunk of concrete at 70mph is absolutely
           | lethal.
        
             | wlesieutre wrote:
             | I was going to guess the opposite, you're supposed to be
             | able to see the deck but they've stuck a layer under the
             | bottom to keep debris from falling on the road
        
             | encryptluks2 wrote:
             | I wonder how much of the 2 trillion infrastructure bill
             | will actually go to improving infrastructure
        
             | Gordonjcp wrote:
             | Those look incredibly spindly and fragile, even if they
             | were in good condition. I don't think I've ever seen a road
             | bridge constructed as delicately as that here in Scotland.
             | 
             | I guess you don't get wind, rain, or snow there.
        
               | paulmd wrote:
               | > I guess you don't get wind, rain, or snow there.
               | 
               | Hahahah. It's michigan. We get some of the more intense
               | winter weather in the states.
               | 
               | That's actually part of the problem, it's an _extremely_
               | variable climate, we get over 100F in the summer and
               | under 0F in the winter. It results in a lot of road wear
               | compared to more southerly states, due to the freeze-thaw
               | cycle.
               | 
               | The west side of the state is comparable to New York,
               | tons of lake effect snow. No hurricanes here though.
        
         | phkahler wrote:
         | >> There is a bridge in Flint where the support pillars are
         | held together by giant steel clamps because the concrete is
         | crumbling underneath them.
         | 
         | They've been replacing a bunch of bridges on I-94 in Detroit.
         | Many of them had lots of rebar showing on the pillars where the
         | concrete had crumbled a way. Not just a bar showing, but a
         | decent sized grid. It doesn't surprise me that a pedestrian
         | bridge got overlooked with all the road bridges in need. Still
         | no excuse.
        
         | mfer wrote:
         | The Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) is doing a
         | terrible job. A recent audit found problems in the way they
         | audit bids for work. I've spoken with people at road
         | construction companies who have told me about changes that make
         | the situation worse than a few years ago for the speed and cost
         | of building roads. Policy things making it slower and more
         | expensive that are baked in to the contracts.
         | 
         | It's not just spending, which isn't efficient. Michigan has
         | been (for decades) on the of the lowest spending states per
         | capita on roads. This is across both Republicans and Democrats
         | in the governor's seat.
        
           | GravityisaHoax wrote:
           | No wonder their roads are so bad.
        
       | egberts1 wrote:
       | Someone should copy the way that Japanese do lightening-fast road
       | maintenance.
       | 
       | These roads in Japan are like pristine and awesomely smooth; USA,
       | not so much.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | mishftw wrote:
       | I lived not far from here when I was in Detroit. Honestly this
       | guy is lucky not to be seriously injured.
       | 
       | The highway, M-10 or the Lodge Freeway, in my opinion should be
       | converted to a boulevard that supports multimodal transit. This
       | freeway cut off my neighborhood from the more vibrant (as it can
       | get for Detroit) downtown and midtown neighborhoods.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M-10_(Michigan_highway)
        
         | rmason wrote:
         | Saw that story this morning and it really took me back. Further
         | up that freeway there is another bridge that my sister and I
         | crossed each day to go to school. For Detroiters on here it's
         | Edison Elementary and unlike a lot of Detroit schools it's
         | still open;<). The difference is when we walked it the bridge
         | was fairly new. Sure hope that there's a state agency watching
         | at least old bridges that school kids use.
        
           | wcunning wrote:
           | From the article, MDOT is supposed to be doing yearly
           | inspections on all of these bridges, but they clearly skimped
           | on that the last couple of years or they would have closed
           | this one sooner. They are kinda responsive to heavily
           | trafficked ones -- I used to have to take I-96 to M-39
           | (Southfield Fwy) and the ramp between them had a large hole
           | you could see the next layer down through for a couple weeks
           | before they repaved, and it was only like 6 more months from
           | when that happened that they redid the whole ramp, making my
           | commute unbearable for a month.
        
             | rmason wrote:
             | Well then someone isn't doing their job! I wonder if the
             | past two years if they got to work from home?
             | 
             | Remember a few years ago when the freeways flooded and they
             | found out copper thieves had stolen the copper out of their
             | pumping stations! They should have known to check because
             | one of them who was a bit learning deficient electrocuted
             | themselves and it made the news.
        
         | zip1234 wrote:
         | There really is no reason to have this freeway there. It makes
         | the area worse and goes nowhere.
        
         | oefrha wrote:
         | Isn't it sort of a gift to be cut off from downtown Detroit?
         | I've never been there but I've got an acquaintance who was held
         | at gun point while fueling in "vibrant" downtown Detroit...
        
           | lostlogin wrote:
           | There is someone who was held at gunpoint in pretty much
           | every town on earth.
           | 
           | Poor guy.
           | 
           | Stupid jokes aside, the safest city on earth has victims of
           | crime.
        
             | oefrha wrote:
             | You and I both know Detroit is very far from the safest
             | city on earth. It's among the most dangerous in the U.S.
        
               | justin66 wrote:
               | Eh. It's #14 for Violent Crime / Robbery, behind a pretty
               | interesting list of other cities:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_citie
               | s_b...
               | 
               | The main thing I'm getting from that list is that I sure
               | don't remember Fremont being some kind of mecca, of
               | safety or otherwise. So that's surprising.
        
               | samatman wrote:
               | #3 in murder, after St. Louis and Baltimore.
               | 
               | The thing about the cities in really bad shape is that
               | all we get is the _reported_ crime rate, which tends to
               | be lower. Murder rates are a more accurate statistic
               | since you can 't ignore a body like a jacked car or a
               | rape.
        
       | shreyshnaccount wrote:
        
         | lando2319 wrote:
         | I posted it.
        
         | tsomctl wrote:
         | While I agree that it's a somewhat mundane article, there's
         | normally comments that make it interesting. For example,
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31436869
        
         | avgDev wrote:
         | Why are you on HN?
        
         | semireg wrote:
         | Infrastructure spending.
        
       | asdff wrote:
       | Infrastructure in the midwest is aging and failing and
       | unfortunately the region lacks the tax base to do much in the way
       | of overhauling it. Arguably the more costly issue than aging
       | bridges are the aging storm drain systems, sewers, and water
       | mains. Thankfully most electric is above ground and service can
       | be restored usually soon after storms disrupt connections
       | (running a wire off a spool is a lot easier and cheaper of course
       | than tearing up an arterial road to access the water main). As
       | storms grow stronger and dump more water at once with climate
       | change, these systems are further strained. When the wastewater
       | system backs up in a storm waste is usually diverted to
       | watersheds, many of which are already eutrophic. These are just
       | the public issues too, private property is even more poorly
       | maintained. As the housing stock ages groundwater may intrude
       | into your basement foundation, your mains themselves may be some
       | ancient hardware in need of a retrofit before they burst that
       | might cost a huge sum relative to the value of the home. Who
       | knows the state of the roof or how much mold lurks behind the
       | drywall.
       | 
       | Eventually the federal government is going to have to write some
       | grants, both to state dots, but also county dots who are in
       | charge of a lot of infrastructure, municipalities, and also
       | property owners facing the prospects of condemnation due to
       | natural causes. I can't imagine that will be an easy or a clean
       | process when it eventually becomes necessary in the next few
       | decades.
        
         | hemreldop wrote:
        
         | zip1234 wrote:
         | I'm in the midwest and they are spending money widening roads
         | and freeways while letting everything go into disrepair.
        
         | maxsilver wrote:
         | > the region lacks the tax base to do much in the way of
         | overhauling it
         | 
         | We have plenty of tax base (speaking of Michigan specifically,
         | we've got approximately double the total population and parcels
         | of property in Michigan right now, than we had back in ~1950,
         | when we built half of this stuff). We just keep wasting the
         | public funds elsewhere. (i.e, 'Economic Development Groups' /
         | 'Public Private Partnerships' / Tourism + State Advertising,
         | additional spending on Police, etc.)
        
           | asdff wrote:
           | I expect in michigan like anywhere else in the rust belt that
           | there are plenty of municipalities that are hurting for
           | funding. You can't lose the population like you've lost
           | within the actual city limits of detroit or flint (never mind
           | the metro area population might be unchanged due to people
           | flocking to suburban municipalities), and continue to
           | sufficiently maintain infrastructure fit to handle twice the
           | population. Another issue with some suburbs is an aging
           | population. A window generates a lot less tax revenue for the
           | city than two working people in that home, and thats
           | increasingly a larger portion of the population. Schools have
           | closed because there aren't as many families in the area as
           | there were in decades past. Even NYC struggles maintaining
           | infrastructure due to how costly it can be, and that city is
           | far better positioned financially than anything in the
           | midwest, a lot better than Chicago certainly where I see
           | buckets catching drips from the roof of OHare even on a sunny
           | day.
        
             | maxsilver wrote:
             | > I expect in michigan like anywhere else in the rust belt
             | that there are plenty of municipalities that are hurting
             | for funding.
             | 
             | Only because we stole their funding, not because they are
             | under-funded.
             | 
             | > You can't lose the population like you've lost within the
             | actual city limits of detroit or flint (never mind the
             | metro area population might be unchanged due to people
             | flocking to suburban municipalities), and continue to
             | sufficiently maintain infrastructure fit to handle twice
             | the population
             | 
             | You absolutely can.
             | 
             | Infrastructure spending in Michigan is less than ~10% of
             | tax revenue in all townships and all counties across the
             | state. You could _double_ all road spending, and it would
             | barely even be noticed. (Using real numbers, in Kent County
             | Michigan, for example, the entire county road commission
             | yearly budget spend is just ~$9.69 per person per month. It
             | 's _literally cheaper than the cheapest Netflix plan_ to
             | maintain all of that infrastructure).
             | 
             | Yes, county roads aren't every road (there's city and state
             | and federal stuff mixed in there) -- but those numbers are
             | just tiny portions of the budget their respective budgets
             | too. And yes, there are hyper-rural counties that have no
             | cities and therefore have to spend more, to service those
             | roads across such a small population. But even those
             | counties only average $20 to $35 a month. (Using Cheboygan
             | County Michigan as an example, comes in around $32/month
             | per person).
             | 
             | It's _really_ not a funding issue. There 's _zero_ problems
             | with the tax base, or population, or aging. It 's truly-
             | and-only a priority issue. We keep taking money away from
             | roads and other infrastructure, we spend it elsewhere
             | (usually on junk) and then complain that _" municipalities
             | are hurting for funding"_ as if it's some great mystery.
        
             | throwtheacctawy wrote:
        
       | TimPC wrote:
       | The US had designed a system where large numbers of
       | municipalities need more revenue then they actually produce. This
       | has led to large swathes of the country having crumbling
       | infrastructure as tax revenues are not adequate to maintenance.
       | The solution is to maintain things like highways federally and
       | move to a system of living that generates more funds. This likely
       | means higher property tax rates in suburbs which is wildly
       | unpopular and part of the reason all the infrastructure is
       | crumbling. I know the specific piece of infrastructure isn't in a
       | suburb but failing cities have similar revenue problems.
        
         | zip1234 wrote:
         | That piece of infrastructure (the entire highway for that
         | matter) only goes from downtown Detroit to the outer suburbs.
         | It is there for commuters.
        
         | threads2 wrote:
         | "Build back better"
         | 
         | hahahahhahaha
        
       | JTbane wrote:
       | It'd be nice if politicans funded butter (infra) and not guns
       | (ridiculous military spending and foreign aid)
        
       | bmitc wrote:
       | I always look at bridges and wonder who inspects all of our
       | infrastructure and how often. Looking at the underneath picture
       | of that bridge, it appears absolutely no one is inspecting these
       | things.
       | 
       | How bad are things getting when we can't even trust the bridges
       | we walk and drive on?
        
         | s5fs wrote:
         | I think there's a gap between an inspector turning in a report
         | and the repairs being prioritized, funded, and executed. Out
         | here in Oregon we had a tunnel collapse and kill the inspector
         | (this was back in 1999). News reported that the tunnel was
         | inspected twice the year before it collapsed.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis_L._Edwards_Tunnel
        
       | every wrote:
        
       | moneywoes wrote:
       | isn't the MI govt under a huge deficit?
        
         | ryathal wrote:
         | MI hasn't had any real budget issues for a decade. There was a
         | brief period early in the pandemic when things were looking
         | grim, but the feds flooded sates with money.
        
         | phkahler wrote:
         | >> isn't the MI govt under a huge deficit?
         | 
         | Not since education got funded by the lottery. They promised if
         | we got a lottery the money would all go to education. Never
         | mind that for every dollar that went to education from the
         | lottery, there was a dollar reduction coming from the general
         | fund which got diverted.... apparently not to infrastructure.
        
       | gwbas1c wrote:
       | Honestly, I think the story about Hydes is more interesting than
       | the bridge itself.
        
       | Arrath wrote:
       | The state of infrastructure, both physical and technical, in this
       | country is quite sorry.
       | 
       | There would be plenty of well paid union and trades jobs to be
       | had if we could pony up the funds to rehab, repair, and replace
       | the crumbling bridges, roads, pipelines, sewers, etc across the
       | country.
        
         | bluescrn wrote:
         | The problem is that the funds wouldn't go to tradespeople doing
         | the hard work, most of it would go into the pockets of CEOs and
         | shareholders.
         | 
         | (And any attempt to build anything these days, at least in the
         | UK, will face a horde of NIMBYs and environmental activists
         | trying to stop it, adding more to the cost and timescale if the
         | project ever happens. Even 'green' projects like wind and solar
         | farms face heavy opposition)
        
           | nickff wrote:
           | Do you have any evidence for this? I ask because I've heard
           | that public projects are overburdened with unnecessary
           | unionized staff.
        
             | spaetzleesser wrote:
             | When I look at other industries I would expect that if the
             | unionized staff causes overhead and more cost then
             | shareholders and management take a multiple of that for
             | themselves.
        
               | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
               | Typically what happens is that the government contract
               | effectively requires the use of union labor, which then
               | fixes a substantial element of the cost for all bidders
               | due to union work rules and salaries. Insofar as price is
               | a competitive element of the bidding, you're then talking
               | about the other costs.
        
             | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
             | There's no need for hearsay on this. This is a true
             | statement.
             | 
             | During the construction of New York's East Side Access
             | subway project, union rules required 18 workers to run and
             | supervise one of the tunneling machines. The manufacturers
             | of the machine say no more than six are required to do
             | this, which is how many are used in hardly-slave-labor
             | countries like Norway.
             | 
             | Underground construction projects usually require three to
             | four times as many staff in NYC as they do in Asia or
             | Europe.
        
               | nobodyandproud wrote:
               | Are those government employees?
        
               | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
               | No; they're unionized construction workers, tunnelers,
               | carpenters etc.
        
         | nostromo wrote:
         | It's not a funding problem.
         | 
         | The US funds infrastructure handsomely. In fact we probably
         | even over-fund it.
         | 
         | Unfortunately we get very little back for all that funding. If
         | you compare costs for rail and airports and bridges in the US
         | to Europe or Asia, we pay for one bridge what other similar
         | countries pay for three, four, or five bridges.
        
           | Arrath wrote:
           | You're not at all wrong that we don't see the benefit we
           | should for each dollar spent, and I wish we could see some
           | systemic fixes to address these issues beyond the age old
           | "throw more money at the problem"
           | 
           | I will add a fresh anecdote however. I was recently involved
           | in bidding a project for a municipality, it was a FEMA
           | mandated sewer improvement project. There was one respondent
           | to the RFP (ours), that was substantially higher than the
           | Engineer's Estimate. Aspects of the bid are still under
           | review by state offices and FEMA, thus the bid was rejected,
           | and the project will circle back for another round.
           | 
           | Was the bid high? Was the Engineer's Estimate low? Both? Why
           | did no other contractors bid on the job?
           | 
           | There only being one respondent can certainly have pushed the
           | price higher. I know for a fact that my portion of the work
           | was estimated responsibly, but it was nonetheless expensive
           | due to a tight schedule required by the city, and
           | restrictions placed upon the work by proximity to residences
           | and historic structures of concern.
           | 
           | Can the schedule be opened up to allow for less pressure? Can
           | the specifications or restrictions be relaxed? What will
           | entice other parties to bid? Can the review process by
           | outside agencies be sped up to allow for the project to
           | proceed? In my experience, such reviews always eat away at
           | the project lead-up time, without respective time added to
           | the schedule to allow the work to be performed. It's a lose-
           | lose.
           | 
           | And I kinda lost what I was even going for here. Anyway, you
           | can see any number of stumbling blocks that can be addressed,
           | for one small sewer project. Expand this to public works
           | across the country and imagine it.
        
           | paulmd wrote:
           | It's a complex situation. I have a relative who works for
           | MDOT and apparently for road marking painting there are only
           | 3 contractors in the state who do it. One of them wanted to
           | buy one of the others and only stopped when they realized
           | that being down to 2 contractors would hit the mark for
           | "extreme consolidation" and would allow MDOT to go out-of-
           | state for counter-bids.
           | 
           | To some extent the more rules and oversight you put in, the
           | more you chase out any "honest participants". I've seen it
           | personally in federal contracting, the only participants who
           | can get through the bidding process are the exact companies
           | (like the big 5) who you _don 't_ want doing your project.
           | The oversight and complexity of the bidding process chases
           | out anyone who is not willing to spend half their time on
           | meetings and contract overhead if that's what the customer is
           | willing to pay for. It's the dead-sea effect but for
           | contracting, if you chase out the good participants and then
           | tighten the noose, you will just end up with worse and worse
           | participant quality on average every time you repeat the
           | process.
           | 
           | There's no easy answer.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | Also, the larger the contract the bigger you need to be to
             | attempt to bid on it. I could bid on building the
             | proverbial bikeshed (as a programmer it wouldn't make
             | economic sense, but I could do the work), but no way could
             | I bid a bridge. However if you break the bridge down there
             | are a number of operations I could bid on and get done.
             | However that breakdown requires more oversight and work on
             | the governments par, so for a bridge that is probably too
             | much breakdown. Somewhere there is a point where projects
             | are too big, and thus only the big 5 dare bid on them, we
             | need to break projects down smaller than that, but not too
             | small.
        
             | mfer wrote:
             | Don't just look at the "big 5". I know people there. A lot
             | of the things people get frustrated about are things MDOT
             | requires them to do.
             | 
             | Not long ago I was listening to someone at one of those
             | "big 5" companies complain about how new state rules were
             | radically increasing the time it takes to pave a road while
             | increasing costs, too. All with no quality difference in
             | the end. As a tax payer, they were frustrated by it.
        
               | paulmd wrote:
               | What specifically? I can run it by that relative and see
               | what he thinks.
               | 
               | He's also expressed the inverse to me, that a lot of
               | times they are trying to get the contractors to do things
               | a specific way and the contractors just wanna rush
               | through as fast as they can and get to the next contract.
               | Sometimes, like in most engineering, there are reasons
               | things need to be done a specific way, but building a
               | road isn't really a collaborative thing, they just need
               | to build it the way it was ordered.
        
             | wcunning wrote:
             | I had a conversation with one of the city engineers in Ann
             | Arbor once about why a street near my house was gravel for
             | like 6 months, and he said that one of the big asphalt
             | contractors had bought out the one that bid on that single
             | block of repaving and then wouldn't do the project on
             | anything like the original timing because they needed the
             | equipment elsewhere. At this point, there's only one or two
             | road asphalt contractors that do anything in greater metro
             | Detroit, so it's hard to get stuff done on time and in
             | budget. It also didn't help that we had a strike from the
             | union that does the work for that contractor and shut down
             | major projects for an extended period in 2018 or 2019.
             | 
             | Beyond that, we have a history of not making good on things
             | like road warranties -- the state called in the warranty on
             | I-275 back in the 90's and that caused the construction
             | company to literally go bankrupt, so now there's a general
             | reluctance to call in major warranty work. For instance,
             | they haven't replaced the chunk of I-94 near the Indiana
             | border that feels like you're in a paint mixer because the
             | steamroller that did those few miles had a bad bearing, but
             | everyone over there knows about it. It's getting replaced
             | nearly a decade later in the next 6~18 months because that
             | section just needs repaving in general now.
        
             | sleepdreamy wrote:
             | This is correct - Through marriage I've met some insanely
             | powerful people who fix our highways/build bridges on the
             | East Coast. These mother fuckers are _loaded_ and they 're
             | seriously assholes seeing as I would've never met them by
             | chance and people with money stick together. This is the
             | true answer. There are only a small number of companies who
             | have the logistics/money to actually bid and complete
             | projects like these. It also takes years to do one project,
             | so when there is only a small number of companies who can
             | ever legally / viability afford these jobs this is what we
             | get. Every sector seems to have a big 5. Tech, Finance,
             | Construction, etc;
        
             | cco wrote:
             | > There's no easy answer.
             | 
             | Seems like a fairly easy one, MDOT opens a few job reqs for
             | road marking painting, buys some trucks, and paints lines
             | on our roads. Private contractors makes a lot of sense in
             | some situations, but this doesn't seem like one. MDOT knows
             | how many roads need to be marked, how often, etc, why pay a
             | private company to do so?
        
           | mgkimsal wrote:
           | Well... our stuff costs more because we're having to pay so
           | much extra for the social safety nets like universal health
           | insurance... Oh... wait... nm.
        
             | QuercusMax wrote:
             | I think you meant graft and corruption :D
        
             | micv wrote:
             | The US government is also spending massive amounts of
             | healthcare without actually delivering healthcare to way
             | too many people. The whole system is bonkers.
        
             | munk-a wrote:
             | It's funny but up here in Canada employees cost companies a
             | lot less overhead to employ than in the states. Not the
             | bear minimum overhead, mind you, the states is by far the
             | cheapest place to be able to call someone "your employee"
             | without offering any benefits but if you're actually paying
             | for healthcare, life insurance and the like Canadian per
             | employee costs come in quite a bit under those in the US.
             | 
             | It's almost like skimping on common human decency social
             | services isn't actually saving anyone any money and just
             | serves to perpetuate a gigantic industry of health insurers
             | and pharmaceutical companies.
        
           | oefrha wrote:
           | In my experience the productivity of American construction
           | workers seems to be shockingly poor.
           | 
           | A few years back a small single-story structure (~5000 sqft)
           | was built near me. Every workday a plethora of workers would
           | show up and make noise 8-5. Somehow took them the better part
           | of a year to finish it. Really beggars belief.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | That seems long for a 5000sqft house: I'd expect 150 days
             | max from the time the hole is dug until the owner moves in.
             | (smaller houses would be 100 days). You didn't specify what
             | kind of structure it is though, some types of construction
             | need more time.
             | 
             | Most people who complain about people standing around have
             | no idea what is going on. Half of the time someone is
             | moving materials they are completely empty handed going
             | back to the pile for more materials. In some operations
             | there is downtime where nothing can be done, but the need
             | to do more work will happen soon enough that you can't send
             | anyone to a different job (concrete work has a lot of this)
        
               | danans wrote:
               | > That seems long for a 5000sqft house: I'd expect 150
               | days max from the time the hole is dug until the owner
               | moves in.
               | 
               | Maybe for a production-builder built tract house,
               | although I bet a lot of those are built in parallel and
               | not sequentially in order to maximize throughput.
               | 
               | But for a custom 5000sqft house, 150 days is a very tight
               | timeline if you're not using pre-manufactured modular
               | framing components like SIPs.
               | 
               | Even if you did build with modular framing, consider the
               | amount of interior detailing required on such a massive
               | living space (probably many bathrooms and a huge
               | kitchen). That takes a lot of time.
        
             | CryptoBanker wrote:
             | The construction site near me has 4 workers whose only job
             | is to watch trucks going in and out of the site...there is
             | no disbelief coming from me after seeing that
        
               | Arrath wrote:
               | I've seen sites catch fines for having mud, dirt, or
               | rocks fall from trucks leaving onto the roads, so I get
               | where they're coming from. 4 workers doing it? Jeez.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | If they are building something large I could see it. A
               | hospital could easily have 4 different construction
               | entrances to watch.
        
               | CryptoBanker wrote:
               | 2 workers each on 2 entrances
        
               | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
               | In NYC, it's common for cranes to be rented for
               | construction work - the company that owns the crane is
               | responsible for maintenance etc. However, the crane
               | worker's union requires that the contractor performing
               | the building work hire a master mechanic, as well as
               | oilers (no, really) for the crane, as well as the actual
               | crane operator who sits in the cabin and does the work.
               | 
               | Usually, these people are not permitted by the crane
               | owner actually to perform any work on the crane at all.
               | 
               | By the way, salary for a master mechanic in NYC is around
               | $150,000 p/a.
        
               | CryptoBanker wrote:
               | This article on MTA construction in NYC gives a good
               | overview of the kind of money that goes to waste due to
               | union worksite staffing requirements
               | 
               | https://secondavenuesagas.com/2018/01/01/inside-times-
               | deep-d...
        
         | waqf wrote:
         | Last year a man died after falling through disused stairs up to
         | a highway bridge in Boston. To be fair they were fenced off and
         | were obviously unusable, but still ...
         | https://www.nbcboston.com/news/local/newly-released-video-sh...
        
         | bxparks wrote:
         | Similar to the software industry, politicians don't get elected
         | for maintaining old bridges. They get elected by building _new_
         | bridges.
        
           | wwweston wrote:
           | Can you explain more about how this works? Even if we're
           | being totally cynical and seeing politics entirely in terms
           | of who can distribute favors within their network (which I
           | think is _at best_ partly true), it seems to me contracts to
           | repair or rebuild bridges could be at least as lucrative as
           | building a new bridge.
        
             | wcunning wrote:
             | It's more that politicians respond to incentives --
             | repairing bridges requires money being spent and taxes
             | going up, since states can't run at a deficit for very
             | long. Often this angers voters. Similarly, people get
             | pissed off about what we refer to in Michigan as "Orange
             | Barrel Season" when you cant' get from here to there
             | because of the construction snarling traffic. As a result,
             | it doesn't build goodwill to maintain infrastructure before
             | it's at the verge of catastrophic failure from a political
             | standpoint. On the other hand, building _new_ freeway
             | through mostly farm fields has concentrated costs (the
             | farmers losing land, who are then paid fairly well for the
             | loss) with obvious benefits to everyone. It 's pretty "no
             | downside".
             | 
             | In Michigan we've also run into issues where infrastructure
             | crumbles before the bonds that built it from scratch are
             | paid off, which then causes significant pain in paying for
             | repairs, since it requires all new taxes or significant
             | other service cuts. This was one of the main arguments in
             | the 2018 gubernatorial campaign and then in the early part
             | of Whitmer's term.
        
             | nemomarx wrote:
             | I don't think it necessarily has to be about kickbacks -
             | it's also about acclaim and reputation?
             | 
             | In software, you talk about a project you headed or a new
             | feature you developed when you're looking at promotions. In
             | a political career, a new bridge or a new project has more
             | advantages than simply upkeeping an old one for basically
             | the same reason - it can be associated with you
             | specifically in a stronger way, you can talk about it as an
             | accomplishment to more people. "I funded repairs so this
             | bridge didn't fall" is a lot more of a non event, at least
             | until the bridge actually falls and someone has to be
             | blamed.
        
               | Arrath wrote:
               | > I don't think it necessarily has to be about kickbacks
               | - it's also about acclaim and reputation?
               | 
               | Exactly. The classic ground-breaking or ribbon cutting
               | ceremonies attract a lot more acclaim than "We're going
               | to shut down one lane of the road a a time for 3 months
               | to re-pave it and make traffic living hell"
        
           | UI_at_80x24 wrote:
           | Or in the case of some politicians; How many bridges they can
           | burn.
        
         | drcongo wrote:
         | What _is_ the deal with construction in the US, how is this
         | allowed to happen?
        
           | Enginerrrd wrote:
           | Civil Engineer here.
           | 
           | It's... complicated.
           | 
           | A big problem IMO is the politicization of funding.
           | 
           | So for example, when doing road maintenance, it's unique in
           | that it is essentially ALWAYS cheaper to do the maintenance
           | NOW rather than later. So like doing a cheap slurry seal/
           | chip seal on a road that was just paved 2 years ago is
           | probably actually a really good idea. If you do maintenance
           | like that, you can pretty much maintain that road
           | indefinitely at remarkably low costs. As roads degrade toward
           | failure, the costs to repair them go up exponentially.
           | However, the public doesn't get it. They see the road that is
           | already failed, full of pot holes and cracks and wonder why
           | they're spending money fixing a road where nothing is wrong
           | instead of doing the same thing to the failed road. What they
           | don't realize is that the cost to repair the failed road is
           | 10x, 25x maybe even 100x more expensive than that cheap
           | slurry seal. But they can't differentiate between a seal, or
           | an asphalt overlay or a full repair of the road and subgrade.
           | So the optics of correct and optimal road maintenance
           | strategy are weird, and make the road works strategy
           | dependent on political whims.
           | 
           | Now the problems really start to compound. Politicians in the
           | US have been divorced from the reality of costs for a long
           | time. Local jurisdictions essentially rely on "emergency
           | funding" to do the really expensive (over 10-100x cost)
           | repairs that could have been entirely avoided if they had
           | just spent the money to do the maintenance earlier. But they
           | had basically NO incentive to do so. If anything, to get the
           | big money from the state or the fed, they have to let it fail
           | so that it looks really bad and becomes a genuine priority or
           | safety issue.
           | 
           | They also just can't help but spend the money on feel-good
           | sexy-looking bullshit out of the general fund instead of
           | properly funding the boring infrastructure projects, because,
           | like a good IT guy, no one notices at all when you're doing
           | your job well.
           | 
           | Couple that with polarized politics: Republicans can't help
           | themselves but fight to cut taxes that should go to things
           | like this because they are displeased with government waste
           | and Democrats can't help but spend the tax revenue on other
           | things without worrying about how to pay for them all until
           | tomorrow. So the end result from both sides is: There's just
           | not enough money to do things the cheap way, so now there's
           | REALLY not enough money.
        
             | ErikVandeWater wrote:
             | How efficient would you say the government is when it is in
             | fact doing the work?
             | 
             | I find myself frustrated when it seems there are more
             | workers than necessary, when potholes aren't at least
             | filled with a stopgap filler so it doesn't suck to
             | drive/bike on (doesn't seem that hard to do, even if it
             | doesn't fix the road long-term), or when there are many
             | simultaneous projects where you could be working on one
             | site 24/7 to get it done so you have fewer impediments to
             | traffic. (I understand paying for a night shift is more
             | expensive, but the man-hours lost in traffic due to extra
             | projects that take longer seem absurd).
        
               | netizen-936824 wrote:
               | How many construction projects have you managed?
               | 
               | How many workers for particular jobs do you think is
               | appropriate?
               | 
               | Where did you get this information and why is it correct?
        
               | ErikVandeWater wrote:
               | Were you offended by my comment? I'm asking someone
               | familiar with the industry exactly because I don't know
               | the answers.
        
               | netizen-936824 wrote:
               | Not quite, I'm offended by people assuming they know the
               | correct answer about something and making baseless
               | assertions.
               | 
               | Asking your friend _first_ would have been the move
               | 
               | This is something that seems to happen in the US on a
               | constant basis. People just assume they know or
               | understand things that they have never learned about nor
               | had contact with and then we get people voting and making
               | policy decisions based on that info that was pulled out
               | of someone's ass
        
               | ErikVandeWater wrote:
               | > Asking your friend first would have been the move
               | 
               | How did you know I didn't ask a friend first? And second,
               | if my friend agreed these are good questions, then I get
               | to ask an expert? Or do I have to ask more friends? How
               | many unknowledgeable people do I have to ask before I get
               | to ask someone knowledgeable to get an answer?
               | 
               | > Not quite, I'm offended by people assuming they know
               | the correct answer about something and making baseless
               | assertions.
               | 
               | Thirdly, who are you to say any of my assertions are
               | baseless? You don't know if any of my other experience is
               | relevant enough to form a meaningful base on which to
               | pose a question.
        
               | justin66 wrote:
               | > This is something that seems to happen in the US on a
               | constant basis. People just assume they know or
               | understand things that they have never learned about nor
               | had contact with and then we get people voting and making
               | policy decisions based on that info that was pulled out
               | of someone's ass
               | 
               | Thank God that sort of thing is limited to the United
               | States.
        
               | netizen-936824 wrote:
               | I know you're likely being sarcastic and I definitely
               | understand. I can only speak to my experience and that's
               | in the US, although I can't reasonably doubt that it
               | happens elsewhere
        
               | pueblito wrote:
               | I paved highways for 5 years. The people standing around
               | are because there is a surprising amount of manual labor
               | involved. One example that isn't obvious is raking.
               | Sometimes rocks slip through the cracks at the hot plant
               | and the paver leaves big rocks in the hot mix. There need
               | to be at least one guy just standing around looking at
               | the asphalt to get the rocks out and throw in replacement
               | hot mix between the first and second rollers.
               | 
               | Asphalt is mostly crushed rock, and you need different
               | sizes of rock from fines to bean size. Part of the QA
               | process is checking that the rock mix is composed of the
               | right ratios and have enough faces to meet the spec. This
               | is done with random samples from the asphalt as it's laid
               | down. They also check the temp, if it's too cool it won't
               | work. So they mostly stand around. On the other side of
               | the paving train is another QA where they use a
               | radioactive density meter to check the asphalt after the
               | rollers hit it, and they also take core samples along the
               | joint to confirm the rollers are doing right.
               | 
               | Then there is a guy from DOT supervising. The State owns
               | the roads, he's there making sure no one is cutting
               | corners and to coordinate the train with the supervisor
               | of the crew.
               | 
               | Add in a couple more hands to rake/shovel (think
               | guardrails etc) and it LOOKS like 5 guys working and 10
               | standing around but it's 15 people taking turns in a
               | continuously moving operation, often in live traffic
        
               | netizen-936824 wrote:
               | Thank you for your in-depth response. I appreciate
               | hearing from people with first hand experience on topics
               | that I don't personally have experience with. There's
               | things we don't think about when its so far out of our
               | usual field of expertise.
        
               | nobodyandproud wrote:
               | Virtually all of that work is through private contractors
               | (most likely) or local governments.
               | 
               | When you ask about inefficiency, what incentives do
               | private contractors have to not milk funds dry?
        
               | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
               | There's a fun story in Ash Carter's book about the F-35
               | project. He wanted Lockhead Martin to start hitting cost
               | targets. So in a meeting over it he warned that the
               | pentagon would be curtailing it's order unless the
               | targets were met. Reportedly the LM executive replied
               | "you tell me how much money you have, and I'll tell you
               | how many planes you get." This apparently pissed Carter
               | off enough to reply "how about none" and walk out of the
               | room to let them stew for a while.
               | 
               | Anyhow, end result was a renegotiation of the contract
               | where overruns would largely come out of LM's side.
               | Shockingly they suddenly started hitting the targets. /s
               | 
               | It's really hard to structure the incentives right here,
               | and to some extent relies on having government leaders
               | willing to rock the boat in negotiations.
        
               | Arrath wrote:
               | Liquidated damages for not holding to schedule, having
               | bonds taken, disbarment from future contracts due to poor
               | performance to name a few. However these tend to lead to
               | protracted claims processes and court battles.
               | 
               | Not enough incentives, in any case. I do believe that
               | there should be more incentives for finishing under-
               | budget and ahead or on schedule to allow rolling
               | efficiently into the next project. Assuming these aren't
               | perverse incentives that invite corner-cutting, record
               | falsifying, and so on.
        
               | ErikVandeWater wrote:
               | I ask about efficiency because I'm interested in whether
               | more money is a good investment.
               | 
               | I don't really care if the government or private
               | contractors are doing the work. In either case, if the
               | work being done is extremely inefficient, I'm less likely
               | to vote for a candidate that wants more money to spend on
               | roads.
        
               | nobodyandproud wrote:
               | > I ask about efficiency because I'm interested in
               | whether more money is a good investment.
               | 
               | Maybe.
               | 
               | > I don't really care if the government or private
               | contractors are doing the work.
               | 
               | Okay, so you really mean can government do a good job of
               | funding a massive infrastructure project?
               | 
               | It can, but everything has been setup over decades to
               | make it fail.
               | 
               | Is the government rarely allowed to break down large
               | projects into smaller ones, and bidding happens on each
               | small slice?
               | 
               | Why are incentives aligned to hamper this?
               | 
               | And how do you prevent different states battling to get a
               | bigger slice, at the cost of others?
               | 
               | > In either case, if the work being done is extremely
               | inefficient, I'm less likely to vote for a candidate that
               | wants more money to spend on roads.
               | 
               | Increased spending doesn't mean inefficiency. Not until
               | you factor in pushed-off expenses.
               | 
               | If maintenance cost $1.00 per year but rebuilding costs
               | $100.00 after 20 years of neglect; then wouldn't you say
               | the inefficiency was from the politicians that
               | blocked/prevented said maintenance?
               | 
               | How much revenue do our bridges and roads generate? What
               | would be the loss if even 30% of said roads were to
               | crumble overnight?
               | 
               | Perhaps it's just me, but I think being pennywise and
               | pound foolish as bad thing.
        
             | notacoward wrote:
             | > to get the big money from the state or the fed, they have
             | to let it fail
             | 
             | Same thing with schools. The state won't pay for updates or
             | maintenance, but they will for an entirely new building.
             | School districts deliberately set up their budgets to
             | maximize the state contribution, which means foregoing
             | obvious updates and maintenance until the buildings become
             | run down enough to capture those sweet sweet state dollars.
             | Even in very affluent towns. That's how two out of six
             | elementary schools in my town got replaced with buildings
             | worthy of a FAANG campus. It's why people _applaud_ the
             | school board 's decision to teach high-school classes in
             | converted trailers through my daughter's entire time there,
             | and now the state's going to pay a good chunk of the cost
             | for a nine-figure replacement (that she might never even
             | see). It's really pretty sick.
        
             | JasonFruit wrote:
             | One thing I think American governments need to do better,
             | if they're going to be in charge of indestructible
             | projects, is creating an informed electorate. Much of what
             | is in this answer is new information to me, and I'm pretty
             | sure I'm not unusual in that way. That still doesn't fix
             | the problem that politicians don't understand these
             | tradeoffs, but if they could be brought to that
             | understanding and encouraged to communicate it clearly, it
             | would at least direct public pressure the right direction
             | to some extent.
        
             | drcongo wrote:
             | Definitely didn't expect such a comprehensive answer,
             | thanks for that. We have different funding conflicts here
             | in the UK, and while there's definitely a lot of that "do
             | the shiny thing" going on, we also have a weird annual
             | event where local councils try to use up any remaining
             | budget they have just to make sure it's seen that they
             | needed it, and it won't get cut the following year. So
             | every Feb / March, you see a sudden increase in road
             | maintenance across the country as councils who've ignored
             | your reports of a giant pothole all year suddenly decide to
             | fill every pothole in the county.
        
             | est31 wrote:
             | > If anything, to get the big money from the state or the
             | fed, they have to let it fail so that it looks really bad
             | and becomes a genuine priority or safety issue.
             | 
             | That reminds me of DB, the german railway company,
             | sometimes trying to get bridges demolished and rebuilt from
             | scratch instead of renovation, because if they are rebuilt,
             | the federal government pays for it while a renovation has
             | to be paid by the DB. The funny part is that the federal
             | government owns 100% of the DB shares.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | Combine this with the local government in charge of
             | building/maintaining the bridges _being the same one that
             | inspects them_ and you have a recipe for disaster.
             | 
             | If there was a separate "department of closing shit
             | infrastructure" then the politicians might not be so
             | inclined to "keep things open" just to prevent complaints.
        
           | yabones wrote:
           | Decades of neoliberal gutting and privatization has basically
           | ruined the public sector & infrastructure in the US. What's
           | left is crumbling and dangerous.
        
             | guardiangod wrote:
             | What does "Neoliberal" and "privatization" has to do with a
             | government not maintaining its bridge properly? Are the
             | inspections or repairs outsourced?
        
               | fzeroracer wrote:
               | Yes to both? In order to improve 'efficiency' the
               | government delegates everything to private contractors
               | whose incentive is to get the longest and most profitable
               | government contract possible. The entire goal of
               | neoliberalism is as much privatization as possible.
               | 
               | I used to work as a government contractor and I came out
               | of it with the strong opinion that it's nothing but
               | wasted tax payer dollars designed to enrich private
               | companies over actually getting work done.
        
               | JadeNB wrote:
               | > What does "Neoliberal" and "privatization" has to do
               | with a government not maintaining its bridge properly?
               | 
               | Privatization is almost the definition of a government
               | not maintaining its bridge (and calling it proper that
               | the government not maintain the bridge is part of the
               | neoliberal attitude). It is exactly the delegation of
               | what some might consider government responsibilities to
               | the private sector.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
             | At what point was building and maintenance of
             | infrastructure in the U.S. done by the government? I remain
             | to be convinced on this point, but my gut feeling is that
             | even for things like the construction of the Interstate
             | system most of the work was privately contracted.
        
               | pram wrote:
               | Most of the stuff was planned and managed by companies
               | like Bechtel, even during the depression.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | xbar wrote:
             | This smacks of rhetoric, not an explanation.
        
           | gnopgnip wrote:
           | Detroit is a shrinking city, and has been for 70 years.
           | Cities can really only afford to maintain everything if they
           | keep growing, staying flat isn't enough either. A lot of
           | people don't care about a pedestrian bridge. A lot of
           | politicians don't really care about something unless it helps
           | them get reelected. Or put another way, unless something bad
           | happens while they are in office they can kick the can down
           | the road, maintenance is boring and can be put off for
           | decades in many cases without an emergency. So a pedestrian
           | bridge is on the bottom of a long list
           | 
           | Also most 70 year old concrete bridges are fine, even as they
           | go past their original designed lifespan with deferred
           | maintenance. But an increasing number of concrete bridges
           | will need major refurbishment or to be replaced entirely.
           | Something like 40% of bridges in the US are past their
           | original lifespan
        
         | throwawayboise wrote:
         | Wasn't a lot of this supposed to happen in the 2008 financial
         | crisis relief funding? I remember a lot of talk about "shovel-
         | ready jobs." Turns out they didn't really exist (there were
         | plenty of infrastructure problems, just very few shovel-ready
         | plans to deal with them).
         | 
         | Also, when you throw huge balls of government money at these
         | problems once every 10 or 20 years, it's a lot less efficient
         | that just funding needed maintenance every year. Those huge
         | federal spending bills tend to get frittered away on all kinds
         | of middlemen and pork projects, and when the dust clears the
         | original problems have not gotten any better.
        
         | spaetzleesser wrote:
         | The country has totally forgotten the concept of the greater
         | good and to invest in basic infrastructure that benefits
         | everybody. It's all about profit for some groups. You see the
         | same in healthcare. Nobody can seriously argue that the current
         | setup is beneficial for the country as a whole but the people
         | and institutions that benefit from the dysfunction will fight
         | any changes tooth and nail.
        
           | anthropodie wrote:
           | I am from India and just yesterday I saw episode of John
           | Oliver related to state of Utilities in the US [1]. After
           | that episode I was like thank God we don't have issues like
           | this. The energy infrastructure in India is mostly owned by
           | Government companies and yeah their are some issues but the
           | grid works and it is maintained surprisingly well.
           | 
           | [1]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C-YRSqaPtMg
           | 
           | Edit: I am getting down voted lol. Maybe our infrastructure
           | is not producing as much Energy as US but I am mostly talking
           | about Grid. I guess I should have cleared that.
        
             | notacoward wrote:
             | I used to visit Bengaluru pretty frequently. The grid is a
             | _mess_. Besides the very visible - and visibly dangerous -
             | rats ' nests of wires just about everywhere, it wasn't very
             | reliable. My colleagues had outages all the time. We
             | couldn't put a data center there for lack of decent power.
             | And this in the relatively affluent parts of a city often
             | touted as a (if not the) high-tech center of the country.
             | I'd guess you're getting downvoted because many here have
             | _first hand experience_ directly contrary to what you 're
             | saying. Your experience is what it is, but it's clearly not
             | as generalizable as you make it out to be.
        
             | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
             | I think perhaps then you got the wrong idea then because
             | generally the service provided by utilities in the U.S. is
             | far-and-away superior to that provided in India.
        
               | anthropodie wrote:
               | Not sure if you lived in India briefly or where you lived
               | to have bad experience with the power companies. But I
               | can attest that service in one of the most remote regions
               | of India is very good. There are no power cuts and if
               | there are because of some storm or other natural disaster
               | they are resolved within 2-3 days.
        
               | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
               | I lived in Bengaluru for several years.
               | 
               | In the U.S. we expect to be able to drink the water that
               | comes from the tap, cutting off entire parts of a city
               | for a day or more from the water supply is largely
               | unheard of; same for electricity. We expect actual storm
               | drains and sewage works as opposed to streets just
               | flooding every time there's rain. etc.
               | 
               | I'm not trying to be "down" on India but - having lived
               | with both systems - the U.S. experience is objectively
               | better from every point of view other than price.
        
               | anthropodie wrote:
               | When was this?
               | 
               | I never lived in Bengaluru but I have lived all over
               | Maharashtra and power cuts use to be norm almost over a
               | decade ago but it has changed over last decade.
        
               | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
               | Within the past decade.
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | > In the U.S. we expect to be able to drink the water
               | that comes from the tap, cutting off entire parts of a
               | city for a day or more from the water supply is largely
               | unheard of
               | 
               | The population of Flint might disagree, although
               | technically that water kept running while poisoning its
               | population.
        
               | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
               | No; the people in Flint would _entirely_ agree that they
               | expected to be able to drink their water - that 's why it
               | was such an outrage that they couldn't.
               | 
               | On the other hand, the fact Puri, in Odisha, got safe
               | drinking water from the tap was a major news story last
               | year - since it was the first city in India to have that,
               | and even just general availability of piped water _at
               | all_ is uncertain for many in India - many, many people
               | get water delivered by road on tankers.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Service to the remote regions of the US is very good,
               | even in places with far less population density than
               | India. There are sometimes power outages, but not very
               | often, and they are resolved fast. It has been this way
               | since the 1950s for most people. (the exceptions are rare
               | enough that you cannot compare the rate of them between
               | countries)
               | 
               | Now the US has some very remote regions that don't have
               | good power. When it is miles between humans there isn't
               | enough demand to put up wires, but the only people living
               | in those areas like being self sufficient and wouldn't
               | want utility power if they could get it.
        
           | omegaworks wrote:
           | The country attempted to move forward on infrastructure, but
           | the bill died in an anti-democratic institution dominated by
           | right-wing austerity hawks (the US Senate).
        
             | tylersmith wrote:
             | Bridges can be fixed without federal laws. It's ridiculous
             | to blame all poor infrastructure on a single law failing to
             | pass.
        
               | omegaworks wrote:
               | It's not really ridiculous when the federal government
               | controls the power to issue currency. Any infrastructure
               | improvement that occurs at the local level needs to be
               | paid for by either tax or debt. Taxes take money out of a
               | local economy and debt is typically more expensive for
               | local municipalities.
               | 
               | The federal government can borrow at extremely low
               | interest and literally create currency if needed. If the
               | infrastructure expands the productivity of the economy as
               | a whole that currency creation does not contribute to
               | inflation.
               | 
               | At a macro level bridges enable more efficient commerce,
               | so issuing currency to pay for them can be the most
               | optimal way forward for the society. If the bridge saves
               | 1,000 farmers $150,000 in fuel/transportation cost over
               | the course of its life, that bridge created $150,000,000
               | of new value in the economy.
        
             | jaywalk wrote:
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > The country is not a democracy, so the Senate being
               | "anti-democratic" is entirely irrelevant.
               | 
               | Insofar as the government claims (and, more importantly,
               | insofar as those subject to the government believe that
               | it is important for a government to be able to claim)
               | democratic legitimacy through consent of the governed,
               | both the fact that the government as a whole is radically
               | antidemocratic in structure despite superficial rituals
               | of democracy, and the fact that the centerpiece of that
               | antidemocratic structure is the Senate matters a whole
               | lot.
        
             | ducttapecrown wrote:
             | Those people are not austerity hawks. They are austerity
             | hawks if and only if the President is a Democrat. Otherwise
             | they run budget deficits.
        
         | ars wrote:
         | > There would be plenty of well paid union and trades jobs
         | 
         | There are already. There's more work than people right now. All
         | that work you describe is so expensive we can only do a small
         | portion of it.
         | 
         | What's really needed is more trade school so we can get more
         | people in those positions (and yes, this increase in supply
         | will lower wages).
         | 
         | It actually seems there's more work than money in every single
         | field. We need to figure out how to make a world that doesn't
         | take so much work to keep running. Demographics being what they
         | are, we aren't going to be able to have complete funding for
         | everything in the future.
         | 
         | It's either that, or have a world with well funded profitable
         | amazing things, next to crumbling basic things.
        
           | Arrath wrote:
           | > There are already. There's more work than people right now.
           | All that work you describe is so expensive we can only do a
           | small portion of it.
           | 
           | I'm well aware. I'm a lead engineer on a critical
           | infrastructure project in the hundreds of millions range,
           | that probably costs double what it actually should thanks to
           | any number of issues with the process.
           | 
           | > What's really needed is more trade school so we can get
           | more people in those positions (and yes, this increase in
           | supply will lower wages).
           | 
           | Agreed 100%. There is a crisis in the loss of institutional
           | knowledge, bringing new blood in, training and mentoring them
           | up. Workers and engineers are direly needed at all levels.
           | 
           | > It actually seems there's more work than money in every
           | single field. We need to figure out how to make a world that
           | doesn't take so much work to keep running. Demographics being
           | what they are, we aren't going to be able to have complete
           | funding for everything in the future.
           | 
           | > It's either that, or have a world with well funded
           | profitable amazing things, next to crumbling basic things.
           | 
           | Either less work to keep running, or less money to do the
           | work required.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | andrew_ wrote:
       | MDOT has been in shambles since I was born in Michigan in the
       | 70s. Infrastructure is a very state-to-state thing as well. FDOT
       | (Florida) appears at least, to be more competent and aware.
        
         | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
         | Save for _their_ collapsing pedestrian bridges.
        
           | Kon-Peki wrote:
           | That collapsing bridge was supposed to be 174 feet long and
           | was going to cost around $13 million. $75k per linear foot.
           | And it was insanely ugly. The replacement bridge has a
           | beautiful design but is expected to cost $15 million - $87k
           | per linear foot!
           | 
           | At the same time as the Miami pedestrian bridge collapse,
           | CDOT (Chicago...) was building this gorgeous 620 foot long
           | pedestrian bridge [1] with a final cost of $26 million. $42k
           | per linear foot. And they didn't interrupt 6 active rail
           | lines or a 6-lane "boulevard" during construction.
           | 
           | So clearly, we _can_ build nice things at reasonable prices.
           | But how do we make it standard, rather than something where
           | we get lucky every once in a while? I have no idea...
           | 
           | [1] https://www.exp.com/project/35th-street-pedestrian-
           | bridge/
        
         | notacoward wrote:
         | The only thing saving FDOT is that they don't have snow and ice
         | (especially ice below the surface) to deal with. They can build
         | and maintain roads in an entirely different way because of
         | that.
        
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