[HN Gopher] Coffeezilla, a YouTuber Exposing Crypto Scams
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       Coffeezilla, a YouTuber Exposing Crypto Scams
        
       Author : mitchbob
       Score  : 215 points
       Date   : 2022-05-14 12:45 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.newyorker.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.newyorker.com)
        
       | mitchbob wrote:
       | Archived: https://archive.ph/3wlkM
        
       | headsoup wrote:
       | Also, bitfinex'ed on Twitter (and previously Medium)
        
       | danieldevries wrote:
       | I've followed Coffeezilla for a while. I was doing an AI course
       | from another youtuber named Siraj Raval in 2019. The course ended
       | up being totally amateur and full of empty promises.
       | 
       | Mr Zilla did a video about it:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7jmBE4yPrOs 'AI Guru makes
       | $238,800 with misleading paid course. doesn't credit developers.
       | | Siraj Raval FGF'
       | 
       | Then Zilla started exclusively focusing on crypto/NFT scams. The
       | first few were interesting. Now... its a quite tedious, "the
       | blockchain never lies...look they pulled the rug..." _yawn_
       | 
       | I hope he goes back to covering other interesting topics again.
        
         | Fargoan wrote:
         | Agreed. It was a much more interesting channel when it was
         | about scams in general. I suppose bsc shitcoins and what not
         | are just easier to make videos about and it gets the views
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | gk1 wrote:
         | Before this he had a long streak of exposing business gurus
         | selling online courses.
        
         | 1337biz wrote:
         | I guess crypto videos get him more views. Most of the videos
         | are super boring, like yeah who would have thought that some
         | shady YouTuber promoting a token on Binance Smart Chain would
         | turn out to be a scam.
        
           | danieldevries wrote:
           | Yep. Ironically I felt he turned into the very thing he was
           | uncovering. Towards the end of 2021 he made this promise to
           | donate X dollars to a charity if he reached a million subs.
           | It came across as pretty disingenuous.
        
           | yifanl wrote:
           | Coffeezilla himself is invested in crypto, so this type of
           | content is now very much in his wheelhouse.
           | 
           | After all, being a youtuber is all about monetizing your
           | hobbies.
        
       | can16358p wrote:
       | Good for crypto. I'm a crypto enthusiast and I think crypto has a
       | great future and work in the field.
       | 
       | However because of many scammy projects the whole crypto
       | ecosystem now has a bad name.
       | 
       | I'd love to see more and more scams being exposed for healthy
       | adoption with less manipulation and real investment to projects
       | that have the potential to change things instead of 400000% APYs.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | Feriti wrote:
         | So what are real use cases in your opinion?
         | 
         | Something which really need crypto/Blockchain and is really
         | trustworthy?
         | 
         | Something which doesn't break the trust Anker of a Blockchain
         | by having any dependency outside of a Blockchain.
        
           | abxytg wrote:
           | "Something which doesn't break the trust Anker of a
           | Blockchain by having any dependency outside of a Blockchain."
           | 
           | Only the critics look for this type of weird ideological
           | purity. the rest of us just want somewhere to use the value
           | we create.
        
             | Feriti wrote:
             | I'm totally lost on your statement.
             | 
             | So you try to use this tech for tech sake?
             | 
             | Independent if there is already an existing solution?
             | 
             | A project is trying to add Blockchain technology into a
             | project I'm working with. Just that the Blockchain is owned
             | by some company and that company was publicly asking people
             | I don't know if they are able and motivated to operate a
             | node for them.
             | 
             | This for example sounds way more complex than just creating
             | a company which has the purpose of being the trust Anker,
             | implemented with technology like CA, contracts etc.
        
             | arcticbull wrote:
             | > Only the critics look for this type of weird ideological
             | purity. the rest of us just want somewhere to use the value
             | we create.
             | 
             | Yeah it's called the entire existing global financial
             | network. You're creating things that have no value. Sorry,
             | it's tough to hear, but you've been building baloney. Just
             | building isn't good enough.
        
       | RichardHeart wrote:
       | One of the more ironic xposers, was a guy named "waronrugs" Who
       | then went on to make a coin and rug everyone.
       | https://twitter.com/Rekt_Tekashi/status/1394871896148172803?...
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | iamben wrote:
       | Love Coffeezilla. Found his channel after someone posted his
       | Tether expose on HN a while back - subscribed and have been
       | watching ever since. He's genuinely entertaining, smart and fair.
       | Very much recommended if you haven't seen any of his videos.
        
       | photochemsyn wrote:
       | I'd like to see someone like this really try to explain the
       | global non-crypto currency system as it exists today in similar
       | detail. This after all was one of the touted reasons for crypto -
       | it would allow people around the world to hold wealth in a stable
       | currency that wouldn't be subject to market crashes and currency
       | devaluations.
       | 
       | There are so many interesting questions that remain undiscussed -
       | such as, to what extent does petrodollar recycling matter any
       | more in terms of the value of the $USD relative to the euro and
       | other currencies, such as Chinese and Japanese? If investing in
       | crypto is a scam, why isn't investing in these other currencies
       | also a scam? It would be nice to see some real in-depth compare
       | and contrast writeups accessible to people who aren't
       | professional currency traders etc.
        
         | michael1999 wrote:
         | You can't store wealth stably in inanimate things. Wealth is
         | always social in nature. Currencies are claims on the future
         | production of people who want them. Their future desires and
         | capacities defines the value.
        
           | SilasX wrote:
           | Inanimate things like mutual fund shares?
        
             | michael1999 wrote:
             | Mutual fund units are a claim on future production. They
             | connect to the the animate. A gold coin can never pay you a
             | dividend.
        
           | effingwewt wrote:
           | Gold. Other precious/rare metals. Property.
           | 
           | You are speaking of collectibles, not wealth/currency.
        
             | michael1999 wrote:
             | The natural rate of return "saving" in metals is negative.
             | Rust, security, and other storage costs are real, and
             | inanimate things provide no return to carry them. And
             | property is only valuable in the context of social uses.
             | Else why is land so cheap in Detroit?
        
             | Ekaros wrote:
             | Property isn't always good investment. How well Detroit and
             | other communities where manufacturing went away are doing?
        
             | shanusmagnus wrote:
             | Gold's value is other people's belief in it being worth
             | something, so they will trade other things for it. Same
             | with other rare metals. Property has something close to
             | intrinsic value in that it provides shelter, but the value
             | of property is only realizable if the social context allows
             | it to be realized -- your claim to a house is only as good
             | as the government's willingness to recognize that claim,
             | and to protect it for you when it is challenged by others.
             | 
             | Point is, the devastating attacks people think they're
             | lobbing at bitcoin when they say that it's not 'backed' by
             | anything are neither devastating, nor unique to bitcoin:
             | unless you're talking about a commodity that people are
             | consuming directly, nothing is backed by anything other
             | than socially held belief.
             | 
             | That's all money is, when you unwind it all the way. The
             | important question is what is the relevant society, and
             | what beliefs do they hold?
        
         | orwin wrote:
         | The forex environment is barely less corrupt and scammy than
         | the cryptocurrency environment. It does have legit use
         | (arbitrage mostly) that are 'useful' for the global economy and
         | production chain, but most of the guys pushing it to regulars
         | people are crooks.
         | 
         | And "investing" in a currency is a scam. It's like investing in
         | an company with not only no profit, but also no sales.
        
         | NineStarPoint wrote:
         | * > If investing in crypto is a scam, why isn't investing in
         | these other currencies also a scam? *
         | 
         | I know very few people who recommend investing in currencies to
         | begin with. You invest in either hard assets (intrinsic value
         | that currencies get pegged against), productive assets
         | (companies value that can increase as they become more
         | productive) or government bonds (interest rate means you get
         | more fiat currency back than you put in.) The advice for how
         | much fiat currency to hold at any given time is to have an
         | emergency fund and then put all other assets into something
         | that can at the very least keep pace with inflation. The
         | purpose of currency is to be a medium of exchange, not an
         | appreciating asset.
        
         | Banana699 wrote:
         | The entirety of modern money seems to me like a scam.
         | Questionable abstractions left and right, legal fictions left
         | and right like there's no tomorrow. I started reading The
         | Ascent of Money: A Financial History of the World by Niall
         | Ferguson so that I can understand more, the first chapter
         | explains Fractional Reserve Banking and... Holy Shit, that's a
         | scam, no 2 ways about it.
         | 
         | It's terrifying what Modern Money is and how it works. It
         | scares and enrages me. It enrages me how the 'Store of Value',
         | the things we exchange for our precious finite labor, is now
         | whatever legal fan fiction that an influential someone at wall
         | street or an equivalent finds a funny idea and convinces enough
         | of his or her ilk to accept.
        
           | simmerup wrote:
           | When you use modern money you get the knowledge that the
           | biggest militaries in the world are invested in maintaining
           | its value.
           | 
           | You don't get that with many other stores of value
        
         | sanderjd wrote:
         | > _If investing in crypto is a scam, why isn 't investing in
         | these other currencies also a scam?_
         | 
         | Isn't the answer to this that other currencies are backed by
         | the might (both economic and military) of nations? I don't
         | think mainstream blockchains like bitcoin and ethereum are
         | scams, but this is an important distinction between sovereign
         | currencies and cryptocurrencies.
        
         | gostsamo wrote:
         | Value exists only in the eyes of the buyer. Trying to lock
         | value in whateverthing outside of the context of its use is
         | exercise in creating false idols. And in that line of thought,
         | central currencies have value just because the government says
         | that they have value. As far as the common agreement is that
         | governments are worth it, then central currencies will be the
         | default stuff. This is the non-technological chain of trust
         | that crypto bros are trying to fight. If they were not
         | scammers, they would've noticed that this is the wrong place to
         | attack it.
         | 
         | Find something that can do government's job better than the
         | government itself and its mechanism of value exchange will
         | dominate the world. In the meantime, do not invest in scams.
        
         | aww_dang wrote:
         | Don't hold your breath waiting for The New Yorker to publish
         | it. Expect something more along the lines of, "Central Banking:
         | Why all detractors are conspiracy theorists, by Paul Krugman"
        
         | z303 wrote:
         | > I'd like to see someone like this really try to explain the
         | global non-crypto currency system as it exists today in similar
         | detail.
         | 
         | There was a video and thread on 'How (inter)national money
         | transfers works' a couple of months ago
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30540125
        
         | low_tech_love wrote:
         | Just because you don't understand how the traditional market
         | works it doesn't mean it's a scam. Sure, there are scams, and
         | sometimes they are big and problematic, but there is also a
         | global network of honest people working, producing, creating,
         | and selling real, useful things, and all that is connected by
         | the global market. It is not perfect, but human beings aren't,
         | so it will always be flawed, but the good things far outweigh
         | the bad ones. Investing in crypto is not a scam by nature, in
         | theory; it is a scam in practice. It is just how people use it,
         | because there simply is no other use. The only reason someone
         | buys crypto is to wait for it to grow, for whatever reason, so
         | they can get rich easy. There is no other reason (right now) to
         | expect crypto coins to grow in value other than speculation and
         | hope. And scammers feed on that hope, that's just how it is.
         | They are not that different, by nature, from the traditional
         | market, but right the bad parts are exacerbated and there are
         | no good ones to counterweight. Once cryptocurrencies are
         | connected with enough real products, services, etc they will
         | have a better reason to exist, and to become a better
         | investment. After all a currency is just a way to trade things,
         | it is not a value in itself.
        
       | benreesman wrote:
       | HN hasn't been this rabidly, vocally mad at something since
       | levels.fyi outed FAANG comp.
       | 
       | Ads? Evil, useless, fuck those people making 10x me. Recommender
       | systems? Evil, creepy, fuck those people making all that money.
       | 
       | You can short this shit. You can short Google stock. You can
       | short Bitcoin.
       | 
       | So if it's all one big phony ads tracking machine learning Ponzi
       | scheme scam? Don't bitch and moan to the choir, profit from it!
       | 
       | Repeating the same arguments ad nauseum on here takes calories
       | you could be using grind leetcode and get that leet job. _ducks_
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | bigbillheck wrote:
         | > Don't bitch and moan to the choir, profit from it!
         | 
         | I'm not going to throw away whatever little dignity I have left
         | in order to try and profit off of anything relating to
         | cryptocurrency.
        
           | randomhodler84 wrote:
           | There is no dignity in watching your life savings evaporate
           | from inflation caused by politicians and governments beyond
           | your control.
           | 
           | Inflation is the cruelest way to invalidate the fruit of the
           | labor of a man's life.
        
             | benreesman wrote:
             | Cryptocurrency was a massive asset bubble two weeks ago.
             | Also a year ago.
             | 
             | But if anyone took the time to read about the history of
             | tech startups and the culture around them over the last
             | 50-ish years, or ECNs over the last 25-ish years: it would
             | become immediately apparent that there is nothing new here!
             | 
             | Most of "crypto" circa 2022 will wash out. Most of it is
             | tulip-mania bullshit. And in fact, the well-traveled
             | chestnuts (e.g. "when your shoe-shine boy starts asking for
             | stock tips, hold, when he starts giving them: sell") date
             | from the last time the robber/renter class kicked out this
             | many rungs on the prosperity ladder and tried to paper it
             | over with expensive bonds. As a society: been there, done
             | that.
             | 
             | But there is true innovation hiding in little corners:
             | Parity has figured out how to roll an update to every nginx
             | box in the world as the price of serving a web page via
             | WASM! That would be huge news in any other context. And I
             | wouldn't count the IO-HK people out just yet on beating
             | dumbass Algorand PBFT.
             | 
             | But just so the ground rules are clear: you want some
             | inflation. Just ask the guy who bought a pizza for 1BTC in
             | like 2013 or whatever. We used to kill each other and try
             | to enslave continents over a limited supply of gold. The
             | Spanish were especially good at this. Look at them now.
             | 
             | If your roll is maintaining or increasing in value you have
             | no incentive to back some profitable venture with it.
             | 
             | Inflation out of control is a problem. Deflation is knights
             | with swords fighting over mud.
             | 
             | God I wish people read books.
        
         | _vertigo wrote:
         | Shorting something propped up by insane levels of hype is a
         | recipe for massive losses. As they say, the market can remain
         | irrational longer than you can stay solvent.
         | 
         | Shorting things you disagree with morally is also a terrible
         | idea, unless you also think they are bad business. I disagree
         | with a lot of "money printing" tech on moral grounds, if I
         | shorted those I'd be bankrupt.
        
           | benreesman wrote:
           | Sure, and for most people the right amount of short to be is
           | just not long.
           | 
           | My broader point is that HN is pretty selective on which
           | "useless" or "evil" things it will _utterly lose its shit
           | over_ and it seems to be, roughly, things where other hackers
           | make a pile _except YC portfolio companies_.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | paulpauper wrote:
       | And yet the livestream giveaway scams persist on YouTube.
       | Scammers earning so much. At any moment you can find at least 10
       | videos running concurrently, each with money in the associated
       | crypto addresses.
       | 
       | The smart scammers are not doing NFT tomfoolery, they are doing
       | fake Saylor and Musk giveaways instead and earning far more money
       | much more consistently. While YouTube does nothing. Cofeezilla is
       | not going to stop people from continuing to fall for these much
       | more persistent scams. Its going to have to come from youtube.
        
         | mrmuagi wrote:
         | As long as there are stressed and/or gullible people, there is
         | an avenue for these "smart scams".
         | 
         | I distinctly remember getting junk spam physical mail as a kid,
         | saying if you send back $60 dollars they will share the method
         | to work from home / easy money scheme. It feeds on desperation
         | and stress to hinder rational decision making skills.
         | 
         | We also have things like the lottery where people buy in to the
         | idea theres a infintismely small chance to actually win but the
         | emotional side of the brain takes over and ignores it.
        
       | TimPC wrote:
        
         | Nextgrid wrote:
         | Crypto has exactly one non-scam use-case: a way to transfer
         | value that's more resilient to government interference. Can be
         | used for crime, grey areas or in the _very rare_ case where
         | there 's no other financial infrastructure to transfer value.
         | 
         | Cryptocurrencies make various trade-offs around efficiency,
         | energy use, user experience, etc to operate in such a hostile
         | environment, therefore they should really be used as a last
         | resort if there's nothing else that can achieve your objective.
         | 
         | For most people living in the developed world and for whom
         | government interference isn't a problem, there is no need to
         | use cryptocurrencies.
         | 
         | Anything else that's crypto/blockchain based but _not_ a
         | cryptocurrency for the purpose of transferring value is a scam
         | - whether to scam the _users_ (pump  & dump, rug pull, etc) or
         | to scam clueless investors who are happy to dump money into
         | anything that uses a blockchain even though a database would be
         | a better solution.
        
           | 6sup6 wrote:
           | After what the Canadian government managed to do with
           | truckers crypto funds, I think it is more important than ever
           | for people to understand what type of crypto to hold.
        
           | colesantiago wrote:
           | MPesa, Paytm, Worldremit, etc.
           | 
           | All worldwide. No need for a blockchain. Ever.
        
             | risyachka wrote:
             | You obviously are not from a third world country. It is
             | incredibly hard and often impossible to transfer money
             | across borders from third world countries. Or even to store
             | them reliably. So yes, there is a huge case for blockchain
        
               | colesantiago wrote:
               | So you can't transfer money across borders using MPesa
               | and WorldRemit even though they have been there for 15
               | years?
        
           | risyachka wrote:
           | You'd think the case is very rare, but then a war happened
           | and it literally saved me as an instrument of storing value
           | using stable coins. Not so rare after all. And this is only
           | one example.
           | 
           | Is 99% of crypto scam? Yes
           | 
           | Are there hundreds of legit use cases? Yes.
        
             | ouid wrote:
             | Stablecoins didn't allow you to store your volatile
             | currency. Stablecoins allowed you to store your volatile
             | currency in an uninsured instrument at an interest rate of
             | zero. They are _all_ scams.
        
           | simondotau wrote:
           | > _Crypto has exactly one non-scam use-case: a way to
           | transfer value_
           | 
           | And even then, its usefulness in this regard is limited when
           | its valuation is highly volatile. Probably not an issue when
           | the full transaction life cycle can be fully completed (buyer
           | acquires crypto, buyer and seller trade crypto, seller
           | offloads the crypto) in a matter of hours. But this narrows
           | the use case even further.
        
             | Nextgrid wrote:
             | It's currently volatile because there's lots of hype about
             | it. But when it all dies down the value would more or less
             | stablize to the value it provides for its only true use-
             | case.
        
           | ouid wrote:
           | Why do you think cryptocurrency solves this problem? Is it
           | because you hope cryptocurrency solves some problem? It's a
           | public ledger. All a hostile government has to do is find who
           | performed the transactions and imprison them. Is that not
           | considerable interference?
        
             | Nextgrid wrote:
             | There are non-public ledgers such as Monero.
        
         | tromp wrote:
         | Technology purist version:
         | 
         | Is it a token on top of another blockchain? Yes -> scam. No ->
         | 
         | Is it anything other than pure PoW? Yes -> scam. No ->
         | 
         | Does it have a ICO/premine/instamine? Yes -> scam. No ->
         | 
         | Do miners get less than 100% of block subsidy? Yes -> scam. No
         | ->
         | 
         | Is the source code mostly cloned from another project? Yes ->
         | scam. No ->
         | 
         | Is majority of supply emitted in first few years? Yes ->
         | scammy. No ->
         | 
         | Do creators have any expected financial gain? Yes -> scammy. No
         | -> Maybe not a scam.
        
           | rvz wrote:
           | So essentially this [0] isn't totally a scam then?
           | 
           | Ever since many Bitcoin clones and source derived projects
           | with no other changes other a renaming, re-branding, block-
           | size and tweaks and also now _especially_ with Ethereum-based
           | tokens that have proliferated, so did the scams.
           | 
           | Nano seems to qualify as _' not a scam'_.
           | 
           | [0] http://nano.org
        
           | SkyMarshal wrote:
           | Do the creators and bag holders hijack every possible thread
           | and discussion to shill their coin all over social media? Yes
           | -> scam. No -> Maybe not a scam.
        
         | simondotau wrote:
         | _Sick of people calling everything in crypto a Ponzi scheme.
         | Some crypto projects are pump and dump schemes, while others
         | are pyramid schemes. Others are just standard issue fraud.
         | Others are just middlemen skimming of the top. Stop glossing
         | over the diversity in the industry._
         | 
         | https://twitter.com/patdennis/status/1518637225789042688
        
           | WesolyKubeczek wrote:
           | You (or the tweet's author) seem to be very well versed in
           | the fine art of distinguishing different sorts of poop.
        
             | simondotau wrote:
             | I would never call crypto poop. Poop can be combined with
             | water and light to nourish plants which create food,
             | something real and useful for humans.
        
           | m3kw9 wrote:
           | That's just insulting to ponzi!
        
       | johnebgd wrote:
       | Blockchain has two proven use cases:
       | 
       | 1.) Speculative investment assets.
       | 
       | 2.) Moving value outside of a financial system.
       | 
       | Unregulated stable coins have proven to be as stable as the
       | titanic was unsinkable.
       | 
       | Number 1 is really a problem because of Number 2. Number 2 is a
       | fancy way to describe a primary use case being money laundering.
       | Of course though there are some instances where that's helpful
       | like backing a foreign government you agree with. Unfortunately,
       | it also means countries like North Korea can use it to evade
       | sanctions.
       | 
       | Blockchain is largely a solution in search of a problem with
       | speculators throwing money into stuff they don't understand.
       | 
       | I'm a reformed blockchain enthusiast.
        
         | syzygyhack wrote:
         | > Unregulated stable coins have proven to be as stable as the
         | titanic was unsinkable.
         | 
         | When in the last five years have you had difficulty cashing out
         | USDT, USDC, or DAI at dollar value?
        
           | Marazan wrote:
           | Have you ever redeemed Tether?
           | 
           | As opposed to selling it to another chump on am exchange?
           | 
           | Have you ever taken your Tether holdings and redeemed them at
           | Tether.io for US Dollars?
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | My impression is that at certain exchanges that accept USDT
             | (eg. bitfinex), you can withdraw your USDT for "real" USD
             | wired to your bank account. Isn't this effectively
             | redeeming it, even if you're not directly transacting with
             | Tether Operations Limited?
        
             | syzygyhack wrote:
             | With a corporate account, not personal, but yes. They make
             | it relatively simple. I don't imagine it's any different
             | for an individual, aside from the verification process.
        
           | arcticbull wrote:
           | > When in the last five years have you had difficulty cashing
           | out USDT, USDC, or DAI at dollar value?
           | 
           | Wow, naming USDT was a bold choice since Paolo's answer as to
           | why they can't tell you what backs it was almost verbatim
           | what Skilling said when asked why Enron couldn't provide a
           | balance sheet. [1]
           | 
           | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kp5kv7aENxw
        
             | formerly_proven wrote:
             | I thought I was listening to a podcast but it seems I
             | accidentally stumbled into a butcher.
        
           | polygamous_bat wrote:
           | Because past performance is _always_ indicative of future
           | performance, am I right?
           | 
           | > When in the last five years have you had difficulty cashing
           | out USDT, USDC, or DAI at dollar value?
           | 
           | You could have said the exact same thing about Terra/UST
           | right until sometimes last week. It works until it doesn't.
        
             | syzygyhack wrote:
             | 1. UST hasn't existed for 5 years, the others have.
             | 
             | 2. "Algostable" coins are experimental, and this one was
             | propped up by ponzinomics on Anchor. It is not comparable
             | to collateralized stablecoins, and claiming otherwise is
             | intellectually dishonest.
        
               | stouset wrote:
               | 1. The beanie baby craze lasted a bit shy of 5 years. 5
               | years is _nothing_.
               | 
               | 2. Collateralized stablecoins are stable insofar as they
               | actually have enough liquid collateral to redeem. None of
               | these coins have even remotely been tested yet.
        
               | syzygyhack wrote:
               | You don't think USDT holders have been scrambling to exit
               | USDT over the last few days? Actually the sensible ones
               | started cashing out around 1-2 months ago. You say that
               | they have "not been remotely tested?" How are you
               | quantifying that claim?
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | USDT can only be redeemed by non-US-person "authorized
               | participants" as determined solely by Paolo Ardoino per
               | their terms and conditions. Just who do you think these
               | APs are? Best guess, they're exchanges, whose existence
               | depends on USDT continuing to hold it's peg.
               | 
               | Yes, I do think the holders have been scrambling to exist
               | - one guy lost $4M trying to swap for USDT - but I think
               | it's not Tether cashing it out, but instead exchanges
               | eating the losses.
               | 
               | That can only get you so far. The failure mode is a step
               | function.
        
             | SemanticStrengh wrote:
             | no, terra is an algorithmic coin, the ones that are 100%
             | backed by IRL assets are flawless
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Depends on the assets doesn't it.
        
             | tomrod wrote:
             | Typically, past performance is indicative of future
             | behavior. This is why statistical modeling in social
             | sciences works somewhat okay. But there are extrapolation
             | regions or shorter memory missing prior events that cause
             | behavior to deviate from status quo expectation.
        
               | polygamous_bat wrote:
               | Yes, you could say that sometimes past performance can
               | indicate future behavior, but it doesn't hold for crypto
               | the same reason it doesn't hold for perpetual motion
               | machines.
        
               | everfree wrote:
               | Algorithmic and partially backed stablecoins (like Luna's
               | TerraUSD) are perpetual motion machines.
               | 
               | Fully backed stablecoins (all other popular stablecoins
               | with the arguable exception of Tether) are not perpetual
               | motion machines.
        
               | austinkhale wrote:
               | What do you mean "fully backed"? The last time I checked
               | on USDT (which was a while ago) I thought they admitted
               | it was a fractional reserve, primarily denominated in
               | undisclosed commercial paper. Additionally, they had not
               | yet received an unqualified audit report from any of the
               | big four. Has something changed in the last year or so?
        
               | everfree wrote:
               | As I said, Tether (USDT) is an arguable exception. You
               | seem to be arguing that exception. I don't disagree with
               | you.
        
               | low_tech_love wrote:
               | I'm genuinely curious, can you point me to credible
               | information showing that some other stablecoin is
               | actually fully backed?
        
               | everfree wrote:
               | USDC backing, audited by a large US accounting firm:
               | https://www.centre.io/usdc-transparency
               | 
               | GUSD backing, also audited by a large US accounting firm,
               | subject to New York State Department of Financial
               | Services regulations:
               | https://www.gemini.com/cryptopedia/gusd-stablecoin-
               | gemini-do...
               | 
               | USDP backing, also audited by a large US accounting firm
               | and subject to New York State Department of Financial
               | Services regulations: https://paxos.com/usdp/
               | 
               | DAI backing, viewable transparently on-chain. Currently
               | backed 168% by collateral:
               | https://daistats.com/#/overview
               | 
               | LUSD backing, viewable transparently on-chain. Currently
               | backed 189% by collateral: https://dune.com/dani/Liquity
               | 
               | UST (Terra/Luna) and USDT (Tether) have/had nothing like
               | this.
        
               | polygamous_bat wrote:
               | Tether is the largest stablecoin in existence. If you are
               | intent on arguing that the biggest example of your
               | mentioned category is an exception, how do you propose
               | the average person goes about find out what's an
               | exception and what's following the norm?
        
               | everfree wrote:
               | Picking any regulated, US-based stablecoin is a great
               | start.
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31381864
               | 
               | Tether is large because it got a head start on network
               | effect before the proper regulatory frameworks were put
               | into place, in the USA at least. There's a massive amount
               | of momentum there even though their product is inferior.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Have you heard the tale of the inductivist turkey and
               | thanksgiving?                 This turkey found that, on
               | his first morning at the turkey farm, he was fed at 9
               | a.m. However, being a good inductivist, he did not jump
               | to conclusions. He waited until he had collected a large
               | number of observations of the fact that he was fed at 9
               | a.m., and he made these observations under a wide variety
               | of circumstances, on Wednesdays and Thursdays, on warm
               | days and cold days, on rainy days and dry days. Each day,
               | he added another observation statement to his list.
               | Finally, his inductivist conscience was satisfied and he
               | carried out an inductive inference to conclude, "I am
               | always fed at 9 a.m.". Alas, this conclusion was shown to
               | be false in no uncertain manner when, on Christmas eve,
               | instead of being fed, he had his throat cut. An inductive
               | inference with true premises has led to a false
               | conclusion. (via Alan Chalmers, What is this thing called
               | Science, 2nd edition, University of Queensland Press, St.
               | Lucia, 1982)
        
               | SilasX wrote:
               | Have you heard of faster ways of conveying the insight
               | that "turkeys seem safe until the day they get
               | slaughtered" and less toxic ways of formatting quotes?
               | 
               | And was it a fully general argument against induction, or
               | do you disagree with the conclusion you were promoting?
        
               | Jerrrry wrote:
               | "The reaper didn't come today, so he won't tomorrow"
        
               | IshKebab wrote:
               | ... is a pretty good approximation.
               | 
               | The problem is that you don't care if a stablecoin
               | collapses _tomorrow_ ; you care if it collapses in the
               | next 50 years and "the stablecoin hasn't collapsed in 50
               | years so it won't collapse in the next 50 years"
               | obviously doesn't apply.
        
               | everfree wrote:
               | For technology, that assumption is more likely than not,
               | in a general sense.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindy_effect
        
               | tdub311 wrote:
               | Value of an asset doesn't really count as technology
               | though. The technology of UST/Luna still "works" even
               | though the value crashed.
        
               | everfree wrote:
               | UST was intended to be a dollar-pegged stablecoin. The
               | failure of its dollar peg was certainly a failure of
               | technology, because a "dollar-pegged" coin that is not
               | actually pegged to the dollar is not a "working" system.
        
               | z9znz wrote:
               | The thing is, you're right many times until you're wrong.
               | Unfortunately when you're wrong, it can be catastrophic.
        
           | low_tech_love wrote:
           | If you can't learn from examples, I guess you're gonna have
           | to learn by experience.
        
         | lpolovets wrote:
         | I disagree strongly that moving outside of the financial system
         | is primarily used for money laundering. Bitcoin is great for
         | censorship resistance, and for offering an alternative to
         | oppressive monetary policies. Here's a good article touching on
         | some of the use cases outside of the US:
         | https://bitcoinmagazine.com/culture/check-your-financial-pri...
         | 
         | In the long run, I hope Bitcoin's existence will also lead to
         | better monetary policies since governments have always assumed
         | a monopoly on money, and now there's finally some true
         | competition. And competition leads to better outcomes for
         | consumers/citizens.
        
           | 8note wrote:
           | Currencies did a lot of centralizing on their own. One
           | currency is much more useful to its owner than 500.
           | 
           | Ain't nobody want to spend time converting from the 500 down
           | into one so they can buy an expensive widget that only
           | accepts a specific currency
        
         | clippablematt wrote:
         | Stablecoins without collateral backing them have repeatedly
         | failed (and they failed when they were tried before crypto
         | too), but dai/rai/usdc are working fine.
         | 
         | At this point I'd like to sees US regulation around $
         | stablecoins so we can use something else and reduce the power
         | of the US dollar in the world. Go ahead America, regulate
         | yourselves.
        
           | SemanticStrengh wrote:
           | > they failed when they were tried before crypto too
           | 
           | do you have references to non-crypto based coins? also recent
           | ones?
        
         | paulpauper wrote:
         | The main value proposition of crypto is cryptographic security.
         | You cannot confiscate crypto like you can other assets (unless
         | obv. you have the key or miners somehow collude). Is this worth
         | $1 trillion? Probably not.
        
           | _aavaa_ wrote:
           | https://xkcd.com/538/
        
           | stouset wrote:
           | > You cannot confiscate crypto like you can other assets.
           | 
           | You're correct. In most cases it's dramatically easier to
           | confiscate the crypto. See: the horde of people who've had
           | their cryptocurrency and NFTs stolen. To say nothing of the
           | uncountable Bitcoin billionaires who've had a hard drive
           | crash, lost their keys, forgotten a password, etc.
        
             | paulpauper wrote:
             | this is not the same as the cryptography being broken
             | 
             | losing crypto due to hardware failure or forgetting keys is
             | not the same as someone taking it by breaking the
             | cryptography . If this were possible, there is tons of
             | crypto right now for the taking. It's a self-funding bug
             | bounty.
        
               | polygamous_bat wrote:
               | Yes, but being cryptographically broken is not matter,
               | does it? First rule of computer security is any system is
               | no more strong than its weakest link.
               | 
               | Relevant xkcd [1]: why worry about breaking advanced
               | cryptography when you can just socially engineer the
               | passphrase out of people?
               | 
               | [1] https://xkcd.com/538/
        
         | jxi wrote:
        
         | yowlingcat wrote:
         | > Number 2 is a fancy way to describe a primary use case being
         | money laundering.
         | 
         | That's not entirely true. I think a more principal use case for
         | Number 2 is purchasing things (dark web drugs, gambling, etc)
         | outside of the usual centralized financial system rails which
         | would stop them at the edges.
         | 
         | Bitcoin seems like a poor choice for money laundering because
         | of how traceable it is; you'd need to use privacy coins for
         | that, and even then, it's questionable (51% attack is doable in
         | the same way that many Tor nodes are compromised).
        
         | nyolfen wrote:
         | your talking points are from like 2012 man. off the top of my
         | head: remittances, online retail, trustless decentralized
         | computational systems
        
           | low_tech_love wrote:
           | A trustless descentralized system that manages to process a
           | handful of operations a second by spending as much energy as
           | a country?
        
           | messutied wrote:
           | Can you link a couple of sources that show companies that
           | successfully leverage this use cases?
        
             | dubswithus wrote:
             | https://brave.com/transparency/
        
             | nyolfen wrote:
             | i run a small retail business that only accepts crypto and
             | it's been doing fine
        
               | low_tech_love wrote:
               | Could you tell us why you chose to do that?
        
               | dghlsakjg wrote:
               | What do you sell/provide?
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Is it a small laundromat, or do you just not want to
               | accept money from all customers?
        
           | alexb_ wrote:
           | Remittances and online retail is already done quite well with
           | centralized systems. "Trustless decentralization" is only
           | relevant when you are doing things illegal. Which, as it
           | turns out, is the main usecase of cryptocurrency.
        
             | ada1981 wrote:
             | I thought this too, but then looked into and saw that fiat
             | currency use for illicit things is an order of magnitude
             | more then crypto (as a percentage of total use).
        
             | nyolfen wrote:
             | this is the exact same argument as politicians saying that
             | encryption is only useful for child pornographers
        
             | tshaddox wrote:
             | "Nothing to worry about if you've got nothing to hide" goes
             | back even further than 2012.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | And does the mainstream crypto outside Monero help you to
               | hide things? You are still dealing with some actors and
               | surely they keep records if you don't solely do face to
               | face activities. In which case why even bother and not
               | just go with Euros or dollars...
        
               | alexb_ wrote:
               | That has absolutely nothing to do with what I'm saying.
               | What I am saying is that cryptocurrencies are so horrible
               | in every way except anonymity that the ONLY reason you
               | would use it is for illegal activities, speculation, or
               | paranoia.
        
               | runarberg wrote:
               | It isn't even that good at anonymity for the most
               | frequent use case compared to alternatives. By far the
               | most transactions that may benefit anonymity are local
               | and involve relatively low values. Cash is a perfect fit
               | for that and gives you even more (and a lot easier)
               | anonymity then cryptocoins.
               | 
               | Cryptocoins only prove them selfs superior if the
               | transaction is located to far away to conveniently
               | travel, or involves such large sums that gathering or
               | carrying as cash becomes inconvenient (or impossible). I
               | would think that over 99.99% of people never engage in
               | such transactions where they additionally require--or
               | even prefer--anonymity.
        
             | SemanticStrengh wrote:
             | zero knowledge proofs have other uses, for example proving
             | to your family members no-one has bought the same gift for
             | the same person, without revealing the nature of the gift.
        
           | paulryanrogers wrote:
           | Trustless or distributed trust (up until the point of a 51%
           | attack)?
        
             | nyolfen wrote:
             | fair enough, but in the same way that conventional systems
             | are only 'secure and encrypted up until the point of being
             | beaten with a wrench'
        
           | polygamous_bat wrote:
           | Maybe people wouldn't repeat the 2012 talking points 10 years
           | later if crypto had improved in any way since then. But no,
           | all that has happened is the growth of a massive speculative
           | bubble on top, while the fundamental issues remain the same.
        
         | low_tech_love wrote:
         | What do you mean it's a "solution in search of a problem"? It
         | solves a very clear problem: lack of scalability of traditional
         | Ponzi schemes. That's why most of the answers to criticism of
         | cryptocurrencies is usually "it's not much worse than the kind
         | of thing that led to the 2008 crash". For crypto enthusiasts
         | the problem is not that scams exist; it's that they didn't get
         | to join them early enough.
        
       | colesantiago wrote:
       | Coffeezilla is right.
       | 
       | ALL crypto is 100% scams. There is no 99%.
       | 
       | In fact 100% of the time, they have no use case at all and they
       | are even worse than the current system.
       | 
       | Crypto has totally failed time and time again to prove itself.
       | 
       | We now need to come to terms with this failed experiment and call
       | it all off and make them all illegal, where it rightfully should
       | reside in.
       | 
       | I lament to think of the time wasted of many engineers building
       | this distributed casino and ruining people's lives, these
       | engineers in this 'web3' space should instead direct their time
       | towards solutions to make the world a better place.
        
         | crispyambulance wrote:
         | Not 100%, but just as bad.
         | 
         | I'd say that is wild mix with hard-to-measure ratios of...
         | 
         | * scammers and crooks - who are attracted to crypto like flies
         | on s***.
         | 
         | * the naive marks of scammers - who the scammers (and everyone
         | else) are extracting from
         | 
         | * true believers - who find value in the concepts. They're
         | willing to overlook the s* _-show and actually believe in a
         | libertarian pipe-dream of a better future with crypto as money.
         | 
         | * amoral speculators - who could not care less wtf crypto means
         | but just want to dip-and-pull. They're "in it" ONLY insofar as
         | they can convert the funny-money into real-money._
        
         | terafo wrote:
         | > `"I try not to be too negative about crypto," he told me. "I
         | think about how we can shape it into something better--more
         | like the future that the people making it say they want. In
         | that way, we're on the same side."`
         | 
         | Have you read the article?
        
         | ratsmack wrote:
         | The whole "proof of work" concept regarding crypto is a sham.
         | Normally, the expenditure of energy produces tangible products
         | or services. In the case of crypto currency, massive amounts of
         | heat is wasted to produce a number with questionable "value". I
         | just can't wrap my head around this.
        
           | shreyshnaccount wrote:
           | I've been thinking for a while that proof of work should be
           | replaced with some other type of real work, such as training
           | a Neural Net, but that runs into major issues after thinking
           | about if for more than a second. Hopefully though, someone
           | much smarter than me can figure something out
        
             | ratsmack wrote:
             | The "value" must be produced outside of the crypto system
             | then moved into the system as a value store. I don't know
             | how this is not an obvious concept.
        
               | shreyshnaccount wrote:
               | Thats one of the very obvious drawbacks.. Money is a
               | store of value, but crypto just tries to 'be' the value,
               | which doesn't go well, because well it's not valuable at
               | all
        
           | tromp wrote:
           | It produces objective immutability of the transaction
           | history.
        
             | 8note wrote:
             | Isn't it subjective immutability?
             | 
             | Your transaction might disappear from the history if the
             | view changes to have some other branch be the accepted one
        
               | tromp wrote:
               | The PoW on top of a tx produces immutability in the sense
               | of a minimum cost imposed on a rewriting of that tx. If
               | no attacker is willing to bear that cost, then the
               | objective longest chain rule (i.e. most cumulative
               | difficulty) will preserve the history up to that tx.
               | Without PoW you have no objective way to determine the
               | true history.
        
             | SrslyJosh wrote:
             | It's a terrible way of doing that, and it isn't even
             | necessary to produce an immutable record of transactions.
             | Seriously, spend some time thinking about other models for
             | distributed transaction records.
             | 
             | Blockchains are designed the way they are to _prevent_
             | governance and oversight, meaning, if someone scams you or
             | steals from you, there 's no way to get your money back.
             | "No backsies" is the most fundamental principle of their
             | design.
        
         | glerk wrote:
         | > We now need to come to terms with this failed experiment and
         | call it all off and make them all illegal
         | 
         | Who is "we"? Ironically, crypto was invented to protect
         | individuals against the authoritarian tendencies of people such
         | as yourself. Your comment is making the case for
         | decentralization.
        
           | mdoms wrote:
           | "We" would be any nation with legitimate climate targets.
        
           | lvass wrote:
           | >crypto was invented
           | 
           | What are you talking about? David Chaum? NSA? Mesopotamian
           | cryptography?
        
             | glerk wrote:
             | We stand on the shoulders of giants
        
         | mechanical_bear wrote:
         | This is the problem with the internet, it's so hard to tell
         | satire from actual cranks.
        
           | Tesl wrote:
           | I don't know whether its attempted satire or not - but I
           | unironically agree with it 100%.
        
           | hckrnrd wrote:
           | Now, I wonder if this isn't just a pot-calling-the-kettle-
           | black comment. Who's the crank? Who's the satirist?
        
         | zakember wrote:
         | In case you didn't read the article, it clearly mentions that
         | Coffeezilla himself owns some Bitcoin. So no, he doesn't think
         | that "all crypto is 100% scams".
        
         | imperio59 wrote:
         | Peak Silicon Valley. Shit on the latest trend. Say engineers
         | should "make the world a better place.". Well done.
        
         | awsrocks wrote:
        
       | tzumby wrote:
       | I think I shared this on HN before, but highly recommend this
       | podcast: https://cryptocriticscorner.com/
       | 
       | It covers Worldcom all the way up to the recent Terra
        
       | TimPC wrote:
       | I think the one university that closed in Illinois due to a
       | ransom attack made possible by Crypto will in the long run prove
       | to be more valuable to society than all of crypto. If only we had
       | some way of preserving all the things crypto destroys.
        
         | dubswithus wrote:
         | Was ransomware really not a thing before Bitcoin?
        
           | TimPC wrote:
           | It was far rarer because it was much more difficult to
           | collect payments.
        
             | randomhodler84 wrote:
             | It was rarer because we had less computers and less
             | interconnectness. Major incidents are caused by supply
             | chain compromise, or very targeted attacks, all of which
             | gets worse as the population grows.
             | 
             | Taking payments over the internet has been fairly easy for
             | decades. If not, do you really think we would be where we
             | are today.
             | 
             | I get you like to blame cryptocurrency on crime, but it is
             | but a component, of which other components are just as
             | critical and yet we cannot have a modern digital society
             | without them.
        
               | TimPC wrote:
               | Taking regulated payments subject to financial law as a
               | Russian hacker group is quite difficult. Bitcoin is used
               | in nearly all ransomware attacks precisely because it is
               | unregulated. The idea that they'd just take PayPal
               | without Bitcoin is laughable.
        
           | polygamous_bat wrote:
           | It may have, but crypto allowed it to become truly scalable.
           | Before, you had to coordinate with each of your victims about
           | how to receive the ransom while trying to evade the
           | authorities. Now you can just take over a random machine,
           | paint a Bitcoin address on the screen, and voila, you're
           | done.
        
             | randomhodler84 wrote:
             | Except it doesn't really work that way these days. The bad
             | guys run onion payment sites where you exchange an id and
             | get a unique address -- they still need to coordinate with
             | the victims.
             | 
             | And before cryptocurrency was big, it was shady credit card
             | gateways in non-friendly jurisdictions. You cannot blame
             | cryptocurrency any more than you can blame onion routing,
             | encryption or the internet. It's all just tech that is
             | evolving and getting more efficient.
        
       | sremani wrote:
       | Coffeezilla will hate this, but he is Tai Lopez of Scam-busting
       | ;)
        
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