[HN Gopher] An engineered barley plant that 'orders' soil bacter...
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       An engineered barley plant that 'orders' soil bacteria to
       manufacture fertiliser
        
       Author : montalbano
       Score  : 56 points
       Date   : 2022-05-02 20:43 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.slcu.cam.ac.uk)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.slcu.cam.ac.uk)
        
       | paulkrush wrote:
       | You can write a 1000 year plan with GMO. Try that with mined
       | fertilisers.
        
       | infogulch wrote:
       | These just-in-time manufacturing techniques are getting
       | ridiculous.
        
       | svieira wrote:
       | > Scientists have accomplished a key step in the long-term
       | ambition to engineer nitrogen-fixation into non-legume cereal
       | crops by demonstrating that barley can instruct soil bacteria to
       | convert nitrogen from the air into ammonia fertiliser.
       | 
       | E. g. make non-legumes act like legumes. The actual paper is
       | https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2117465119
        
       | credit_guy wrote:
       | If you are against fertilisers, chances are you are against GMO
       | as well.
        
         | bell-cot wrote:
         | IIR, there's quite a bit of opposition to large-scale,
         | commercial agricultural fertilizers that is based on "the poor
         | farmers often end up in debt bondage" arguments.
         | 
         | (A line of reasoning which could also be applied to GMO's where
         | the underlying IP is controlled by big, greedy corporations.)
        
         | christophilus wrote:
         | My main problem with GMO is that it usually means: loads of
         | pesticides and abuse of monopolistic powers, especially in
         | poorer countries.
        
           | drewmol wrote:
           | Slight correction, it leads to loads of herbicide usage
           | (glyphosate). The process of desiccation also leads to loads
           | of glyphosate being used just prior to harvest, on non
           | 'Roundup Ready' (glyphosate resistant) crops, which may be
           | worse as it doesn't get rinsed off since it's used in the
           | drying phase. See: https://ensia.com/features/glyphosate-
           | drying/
        
             | sjg007 wrote:
             | Ummm no, less herbicide actually
        
           | spaetzleesser wrote:
           | I remember all the PR about GMO that told us that GMO makes
           | plants resistant against pests so pesticides would be less
           | necessary. Turns out the main use for GMO was to make the
           | plants more resistant against herbicides so even more could
           | be used. Very disappointing and a very cynical campaign by
           | industry.
           | 
           | I guess the same happened with the push for plastics
           | recycling by industry which also turned out be pure
           | deception.
        
           | ch4s3 wrote:
           | In practice it seems like capital intensive large scale mono-
           | cropping does most of that without GMOs needing to make an
           | appearance. Careful application of GMOs could probably cut
           | the need for fertilizers and pesticides.
           | 
           | Figuring out how to maintain some food production capacity
           | without debt peonage in developing countries is a policy
           | problem more than a technical problem.
        
             | TaylorAlexander wrote:
             | In practice? A major reason for the explosion in use of the
             | herbicide glyphosate (RoundUp) is the use of genetically
             | modified crops that are glyphosate resistant. Because of
             | this users of these crops can dump huge volumes of
             | glyphosate on their farms. This is a well known example of
             | GMO's leading to an increase in use of biocides.
        
               | drewmol wrote:
               | Worth noting, the increase in desiccation practices, to
               | prepare crops for a more scheduled harvest is also
               | leading to a huge increase in glyphosate usage. It's used
               | high concentrations on crops at the last stage of crop
               | growth just prior to harvest, in expectation of dry
               | conditions which are ideal for harvesting.
               | 
               | https://ensia.com/features/glyphosate-drying/
        
             | klyrs wrote:
             | The abuse of monopoly powers is a very GMO-specific issue:
             | roundup-resistant strains are patented, so where farmers
             | used to retain enough seed to re-plant the next season,
             | they're now hooked on a subscription model and their "non-
             | GMO" neighbors are in risk of crippling lawsuits because an
             | illiterate bee thought it would be cool to pollinate two
             | fields on the same day.
        
               | aerostable_slug wrote:
               | > risk of crippling lawsuits because an illiterate bee
               | thought it would be cool to pollinate two fields on the
               | same day
               | 
               | AFAIK, this has _never_ happened. Monsanto states they
               | have policy against it ever happening. The infringement
               | lawsuits I 'm aware of, including the ones the anti-GMO
               | crowd like to trot out, sure seem like pretty clear cases
               | of wilful infringement.
        
               | GauntletWizard wrote:
               | Absolutely, so let me take a different position:
               | 
               | I acknowledge that all of the Monsanto Infringement
               | lawsuits have involved farmers who a) Purchased Roundup-
               | Resistant seed from Monsanto b) under contract with
               | Monsanto c) that included a provision not to replant the
               | seed derived from those crops.
               | 
               | It is my opinion, as a political stance, that that
               | provision c is against natural law as well as the laws of
               | man, and is therefore null and void. Farmers, even big
               | corporate ones, should be allowed to replant the seed of
               | their crops, and it's unconscionable to restrict that.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | I thought there had been a lawsuit against a farmer who
               | intentionally planted a crop near someone else's roundup-
               | ready crop and then bred the resulting seeds for roundup
               | resistance.
               | 
               | Like you, I take the view toward that (potentially
               | hypothetical?) case that the farmer's evident intent to
               | infringe Monsanto's intellectual property is irrelevant
               | because he hasn't done anything wrong. In that case, he
               | is not even party to an agreement, though note that
               | violating a patent doesn't require you to be party to an
               | agreement.
        
         | delecti wrote:
         | I think we should use less fertilizer because most of it is
         | made from petroleum we should be leaving in the ground. I think
         | GMOs that let us use less fertilizer is awesome.
        
           | ajmurmann wrote:
           | Could this even result in (temporary?) carbon capture?
        
         | striking wrote:
         | There's a synthetic fertilizer shortage right now.
         | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-05-01/farmers-a...
        
         | Melatonic wrote:
         | Most people are against the current *implementation* of GMO.
         | Hopefully as the process gets easier and cheaper we will get
         | more options
        
         | eloff wrote:
         | I think the biggest objections to fertilizers are
         | environmental? It's not like pesticides where people worry
         | about residue on their food? They may not be overlapping then.
        
           | neltnerb wrote:
           | Fertilizer overuse causing runoff is half the concern, that
           | part causes algae blooms.
           | 
           | On the other half is that fertilizers are either mined
           | (unlikely) or manufactured from nitrogen in the air plus
           | hydrogen. The downside is that the hydrogen is almost
           | entirely made from natural gas.
           | 
           | So, fertilizers start as mostly fossil fuel energetically,
           | and end up feeding algae blooms if overused. This seems like
           | a huge deal to me, I've been keeping an eye on this kind of
           | project for a long time. Reducing use of fertilizer means
           | less fossil fuel use, and if it's generated locally and in
           | the right amounts it is bound to help on the waste side too.
        
       | epa wrote:
       | People easily forget that crypto is still in beta/early version,
       | we are in javascript 1.0 mode.
        
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       (page generated 2022-05-02 23:00 UTC)