[HN Gopher] Google fires another AI researcher who reportedly ch...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Google fires another AI researcher who reportedly challenged
       findings
        
       Author : firstSpeaker
       Score  : 203 points
       Date   : 2022-05-02 13:54 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.engadget.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.engadget.com)
        
       | tedivm wrote:
       | What really kills me is that Google claimed previous papers
       | weren't up to their standard, but then ended up citing them in
       | later papers that they've had press events around. It's really
       | unfortunate that so much of our science is being done at large
       | companies rather than universities, since the companies have a
       | bias towards their bottom line which keeps them from publishing
       | things that might damage that.
        
         | buzzthro wrote:
         | I mean, for all we know, those papers could have been cited as
         | "look here's how not to do it or here's how we're
         | different/better". There are positive and negative citations in
         | papers.
        
         | oh_sigh wrote:
         | What papers are you talking about specifically? Were they
         | reworked at all after being told they weren't up to standard?
         | Does Google have a standard where only papers they would
         | publish can be cited?
         | 
         | Imagine if Google had a standard that all papers they publish
         | must be in Comic Sans font. Researcher refuses, publishes paper
         | independently, and then someone at Google publishes a paper in
         | Comic Sans referring to that paper. Is that wrong? After all,
         | Google doesn't have a standard that all cited papers must be
         | published in Comic Sans as well.
        
           | joshuamorton wrote:
           | The controversy here is specifically around Stochastic
           | Parrots, by among others Timnit Gebru and "Schmargaret
           | Smitchell". Timnit had recently been fired by Google for a
           | controversy that started when leadership prevented her and
           | Margaret from being coauthors on the paper (which is critical
           | of Google in some ways) and Mitchell was fired a few months
           | later.
           | 
           | Google[0] claims the paper didn't meet the bar for
           | publication and ignored too much relevant research. The
           | authors obviously dispute these claims (I generally side with
           | the authors that the "ignored research" line is a stretch).
           | 
           | The then amusing thing is that a number of Google authored or
           | coauthored papers still cite it, for various reasons[1][2]
           | (but there's another like half dozen or so Google papers at
           | least in the ~500 citations). So the entire controversy is
           | that the paper wasn't up to academic standards, except that
           | empirically it clearly was.
           | 
           | > Were they reworked at all after being told they weren't up
           | to standard?
           | 
           | There was an attempt by the authors to respond to the
           | internal criticism, but this wasn't met constructively.
           | 
           | [0]: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1f2kYWDXwhzYnq8ebVtuk
           | 9CqQ... [1]: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2107.06499.pdf [2]:
           | https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.01652.pdf
        
             | gwern wrote:
             | > There was an attempt by the authors to respond to the
             | internal criticism, but this wasn't met constructively.
             | 
             | Really? Because people claiming to be the reviewers at the
             | time said that the version they reviewed was a _lot_ worse
             | than the final version published much later. (And that
             | version wasn 't too great either.)
        
               | joshuamorton wrote:
               | That's because the paper received additional external
               | peer review as part of the normal academic publishing
               | process at FAccT.
               | 
               | The internal special topics review process that wasn't
               | formalized at the time but was pseudo-formalized later in
               | response to this issue also supposedly allowed revision,
               | but in practice this authors weren't given the
               | opportunity to respond to the feedback, they were only
               | give the option to remove their names from the paper.
               | 
               | So both your statement and mine can be true, as their
               | were multiple reviewers in multiple review processes. To
               | further disambiguate, the FAccT reviewers have noted that
               | the paper improved during the academic peer review
               | process. This is likely true. But that's wholly
               | irrelevant to the line of discussion I was having,
               | because that criticism wasn't "internal", and we can be
               | sure it wasn't relevant because we know the internal
               | reviewers have never identified themselves or made
               | comment on the internal review process.
               | 
               | I recognize that this is complicated, and it doesn't help
               | that afaict, Google has tried to blur the lines between
               | their process and the normal academic peer review
               | process.
        
               | gwern wrote:
               | Well OK then, but your point was that "the original
               | version must have been acceptable because Googlers later
               | cited the final version, gotcha!", and the more review
               | and improvement it undergoes by whomever, the less sense
               | your point makes.
        
             | oh_sigh wrote:
             | If the argument is Timnit was fired for her Stochastic
             | Parrots paper, why weren't the Google authors that referred
             | to her papers fired as well?
             | 
             | Instead, maybe Timnit was fired/resignation accepted not
             | because of her paper, but because 1) she was in management,
             | and 2) she explicitly told her reports to stop the work
             | they're doing, for "reasons", to the point where Jeff Dean
             | had to come in and ask the employees to continue working on
             | DEI programs: https://www.platformer.news/p/the-withering-
             | email-that-got-a...
        
               | joshuamorton wrote:
               | I simply repeated Jeff Dean's own words that he claims
               | the paper "didn't meet our bar", yet continued to be
               | cited (even by Dean himself, though arguably he's citing
               | it to disagree...but then that's the way academia should
               | work!).
               | 
               | I didn't claim to know why exactly she was fired. I'm
               | just claiming that Jeff's objection to her paper seems
               | dubious.
               | 
               | And keep in mind her coauthor (Mitchell) _was_ eventually
               | fired. But yes, the question you ask is a good one, and I
               | think the answer is revealing (the paper did in fact meet
               | the bar for publication, and it was killed for political
               | reasons, making Gebru 's reactions quite reasonable!)
               | 
               | > she explicitly told her reports to stop the work
               | they're doing,
               | 
               | No she didn't. She told them to refocus to be more
               | effective. That's a completely reasonable! Quoting her
               | email: "So if you would like to change things, I suggest
               | focusing on leadership accountability and thinking
               | through what types of pressures can also be applied from
               | the outside."
               | 
               | That doesn't sound like "stop working on DEI" to me.
        
               | oh_sigh wrote:
               | Does "What I want to say is stop writing your documents
               | because it doesn't make a difference" sound like stop
               | working on DEI to you? With the context that the
               | documents are their work products about DEI...
        
               | joshuamorton wrote:
               | With the full context of the letter, no not at all,
               | unless you think that Documents are the ultimate work
               | product of DEI and not like improvements in diversity,
               | equity, and inclusion in the company.
               | 
               | It's very clearly a call to stop focusing on ineffective
               | things and to focus on more effective methods.
        
         | protastus wrote:
         | From an author's perspective, citing a paper is not an
         | endorsement.
         | 
         | For example, a paper's intro might have an overview of how
         | others have attempted to solve a problem before. Citations
         | there will comprise a very concise summary of techniques from
         | others, often pointing out limitations.
         | 
         | From the perspective of a PR team or agency, they aren't in a
         | position to independently evaluate papers, let alone disavow a
         | paper that carries the name of the company.
        
         | muh_gradle wrote:
         | Which papers are you referring to?
        
           | dekhn wrote:
           | https://www.techrxiv.org/articles/preprint/The_Carbon_Footpr.
           | .. cites Bender, E.M., et al., 2021, On the Dangers of
           | Stochastic Parrots: Can Language Models Be Too Big?. ACM
           | Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency.
           | 
           | In short, Jeff Dean (and others at Google) cited the finally
           | published (not by Google) version of the Parrots paper. The
           | citation [20] is in the context of the paper:
           | 
           | "The opening quote in Section 1 is based on a 2019 study from
           | the University of Massachusetts (UMass) that estimated the
           | environmental impact of training [2]. More than 1000 papers
           | cite this paper as the source for the impact on carbon
           | emissions of ML models, e.g., [1,6,7,17,18,19,20]."
           | 
           | in which the authors of this paper point out that the Parrots
           | paper used what is likely a large overestimate of the carbon
           | emissions from training. This is consistent with my
           | understanding (that the power/emissions part of the Parrots
           | paper isn't well backed by evidence).
        
             | muh_gradle wrote:
             | Ahh thank you for the context. I was familiar with the
             | Timnit Gebru incident, but I haven't followed up on it
             | since it happened.
        
         | pastacacioepepe wrote:
         | But...but...there's nothing private investors and the free
         | market can't do!
         | 
         | Seriously, who thought that science for profit would net the
         | best results for the collective benefit?
         | 
         | You take science but replace truth with profit as the ultimate
         | objective. I'm sure that's going to work well.
         | 
         | The day we stop seeking profit in endeavors that can only be
         | pursued properly at a complete economic loss, we're going to
         | solve so many problems at once.
        
           | skoskie wrote:
           | > Seriously, who thought that science for profit would net
           | the best results for the collective benefit?
           | 
           | Nobody, and I don't think "best results" or "collective
           | benefit" were the goal when science started getting more
           | commercialized.
           | 
           | The idea that good inventions would benefit all rather than
           | patent holders must drive a true capitalist crazy.
        
             | pastacacioepepe wrote:
             | Yet even Adam Smith bases his entire theory on the supposed
             | collective benefit of the invisible hand. Without
             | collective benefit, there's nothing positive left to it.
        
         | true_religion wrote:
         | Can't you cite things that you disagree with? Or cite
         | background material that you feel is subpar?
         | 
         | That would be the norm especially if your research paper is
         | focused on new technology. For example you would write Herbet
         | et co, in Journal Blah found results of X with method Y.
         | However method Y has flaws of A, B, and C...
         | 
         | Even if a pervious study was utterly stupid in your opinion, if
         | it's been widely publicized you still need to talk about it or
         | else risk being accused of missing the basics.
        
           | lupire wrote:
           | You are right but the implication was that the citations were
           | not rebuttals.
        
             | true_religion wrote:
             | Then the answer is that even papers that don't meet the
             | "high" standard that every organization and journal likes
             | to think they hold themselves to when publishing, still
             | contain relevant data and explanations that are citable.
             | 
             | Although let's be clear... this is bureaucratic issue. Some
             | journals only publish English language papers. No matter
             | how impactful your paper is, they'll never publish it if
             | you wrote it in Tamil. Google only publishes papers that
             | doesn't directly insult them, and spread fear about their
             | own proprietary technology while providing no clear
             | solutions. The paper may be brilliant but they definitely
             | won't put their money and name behind it.
             | 
             | Since they (Google) are ideologically opposed to the
             | paper's findings, I can't imagine they are citing it to
             | talk about how brilliant it is though...
        
           | haswell wrote:
           | This was my thought as well. Merely citing the material isn't
           | necessarily a problem on its own.
           | 
           | The nature of the citation and how that impacts the paper
           | doing the citing would need to be examined to form a
           | meaningful opinion about Google's behavior here.
        
         | DashAnimal wrote:
         | Do you have an example of Google citing a "below standard"
         | paper? Curious to see.
        
         | godelski wrote:
         | Papers may not meet the standards for publication but still be
         | useful. For example, I have a paper with 50 citations that is
         | having difficulties getting published (either "not novel
         | enough" or "not motivating"). There's also a randomness to
         | review, as NeuralIPS has continually demonstrated.
         | 
         | I should also mention that you can also pad your citations this
         | way and build your h-index. It is metric hacking, but if it
         | isn't too egregious this is normal. Classic example of
         | Goodhart's law.
        
         | mc32 wrote:
         | Universities have their own biases as well --whether it's to
         | pad one's CV, the PI's CV, or whatever, but they are also not
         | free from interference against 'pure' research.
         | 
         | There is a lot of "garbage" research that happens at
         | universities. Yes, we do expect quite a bit of research to be
         | dead-ends --that's the nature of research, but there is a lot
         | of research that is knowingly fraudulent or uses very suspect
         | data and or methodology.
        
           | Barrin92 wrote:
        
           | haswell wrote:
           | While true, are these biases impactful in the same ways?
           | 
           | Bias will always exist. The nature of that bias and the
           | degree of impact will vary.
        
           | skoskie wrote:
           | Out of curiosity, are there any institutions that meets a
           | "pure" research standard? NIST?
           | 
           | Or is that standard unattainable because undue influence
           | exists everywhere?
        
             | guhidalg wrote:
             | Get a private wealthy benefactor that likes your work, then
             | you can avoid undue influence.
        
               | thebean11 wrote:
               | ..until the wealthy benefactor decides to exert it anyway
        
               | rank0 wrote:
               | Now the influence just comes from the wealthy benefactor
               | and his interests
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | Works best when the benefactor is your dead parents.
        
             | canaus wrote:
             | Influence exists everywhere because without influence the
             | studies wouldn't exist in the first place.
        
               | azinman2 wrote:
               | And people need careers, successful publications and
               | grants make that possible.
               | 
               | That isn't to say everything is trash-- lots of good
               | stuff is still done with these requirements.
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | Unless you have a wealthy aristocracy and some of them
               | are bored so they create a lot of the major science of
               | past couple of centuries.
        
       | emilfihlman wrote:
       | Tangentially: who decided to make the links all purple, horrible
       | ux.
        
       | jwilk wrote:
       | Archived copy without GDPR nag screen:
       | 
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20220502154044/https://www.engad...
        
       | mcdermott wrote:
       | In the corporate world, just like government funded research,
       | science is only science if it aligns with the desires of its
       | funding source unfortunately.
        
         | xadhominemx wrote:
         | I never experienced anything like this during the course of my
         | government funded research. Nor did I hear of anyone else
         | experiencing anything like this. Of course, your topic area has
         | to align with government funders' interests... but in my
         | experience the conclusions do not.
        
           | protomyth wrote:
           | I take it you never had a grant director run afoul of one of
           | the consulting firms on I Street who didn't get the follow-on
           | evaluation contract? 25 years and I'm still a bit peeved
           | about how politics and who gets what makes government
           | research such a pain in the butt. Every agency has its
           | prejudices also which leads to some shenanigans.
           | 
           | Sorta off topic tip: if you are writing government grants and
           | are in a position to become a reader, then do so. It gives
           | you an idea how they thinks, tells you what words / wording
           | will get your grant down-voted, and it gives you some good
           | contacts. Had relatives do that, but went a different career
           | direction.
        
             | N1H1L wrote:
             | What?
        
               | protomyth wrote:
               | Grants are often government originated in the US and
               | politics and people can affect the results and funding.
        
           | verisimi wrote:
           | But if your conclusions do not align with the funders
           | desires, would your research see the light of day?
           | 
           | If you have that much money that you can fund lots of
           | studies, the only ones that will proceed are the ones in
           | support of whatever-it-is.
        
             | yodon wrote:
             | > But if your conclusions do not align with the funders
             | desires, would your research see the light of day?
             | 
             | If you are in academic science doing publicly funded
             | academic research, as most academics do, then yes, your
             | funding agency does want you to get the results published,
             | period. The conspiracy theories you've been led to believe
             | are just that, conspiracy theories, not the objective
             | realities of those doing the work.
        
               | trompetenaccoun wrote:
               | It's not a matter of publishing, it's a matter of funding
               | the research in the first place. What academic field are
               | you in where this isn't a problem? Even something as
               | seemingly inconspicuous as physics research is highly
               | political.
               | 
               | Researchers know the ideas that one better doesn't
               | question if one cares about job security. Or put in a
               | more positive way: You better look into -current list of
               | hype topics- if you want to continue getting funded,
               | being cited and staying relevant. The problem with
               | "academic science" as you call it is that it's mostly
               | academic and not enough science.
        
               | yodon wrote:
               | Funding is always going to be preferentially available
               | for the things that people are interested in. That's true
               | in all aspects of life, not just in science. If you want
               | to challenge the Standard Model in Physics, of course
               | you're going to have to work harder to get funding.
               | That's because the betting money is of the opinion it's
               | probably at least mostly correct. That rational
               | allocation of funds bias doesn't prevent you from doing
               | research or from getting it published, it just says that
               | yes, if you want to challenge the prevailing wisdom
               | you're going to have to work pretty hard to pull it off
               | and convince people the standard model of the field is
               | wrong.
        
             | BeetleB wrote:
             | > But if your conclusions do not align with the funders
             | desires, would your research see the light of day?
             | 
             | In academia: Yes. The number of grants that require pre-
             | publishing approval from funding agency is extremely tiny.
             | I never encountered one while in academia.
        
             | xadhominemx wrote:
             | If your topic area aligns with your government funders
             | interests but your conclusions do not, it usually means you
             | were working on a scientific dead end anyway
        
         | yodon wrote:
         | You may want to spend less time reading anti-intellectual media
         | and more time talking to people who actually do academic
         | scientific research. There are many challenges in academic
         | science, but it does a remarkably good job of not falling prey
         | to the strawman risks you believe in. Corporate research is of
         | course subject to the economic interests of the corporation.
         | Academic research is not held back from publishing in the same
         | way.
        
           | guhidalg wrote:
           | Does it? I picked the first professor from MIT's CSAIL group
           | (Hal Abelson), found their latest published paper (https://ww
           | w.erudit.org/en/journals/irrodl/2022-v23-n1-irrodl...) and
           | found that they are funded by a Chinese governmental
           | organization. Tell me how the research isn't being influenced
           | by the needs and desires of the funder?
        
             | yodon wrote:
             | MIT CSAIL is not hard up for funding, nor is Hal Abelson.
             | They can choose who they want to take money from. Funding
             | sources that restrain a researcher's ability to publish
             | damage that researcher's ability to advance their own
             | career.
             | 
             | Many people here on HN have, for example, an irrational
             | hatred and distrust of Microsoft. Microsoft Research,
             | however is one of the biggest sources of computer science
             | research funding in the world. If MSR funds you, they
             | expect your work to result in publications and the primary
             | factor in whether you get additional funding is whether
             | your papers impact your field. Those characteristics make
             | MSR funding highly desirable, precisely because it comes
             | with no strings attached.
        
               | leephillips wrote:
               | "Many people here on HN have, for example, an irrational
               | hatred and distrust of Microsoft".
               | 
               | Perhaps. Many people here on HN also have an entirely
               | rational hatred and distrust of Microsoft. Some of those
               | people are also capable of appreciating their support for
               | research.
        
               | 0des wrote:
               | > Many people here on HN also have an entirely rational
               | hatred and distrust of Microsoft. Some of those people
               | are also capable of appreciating their support for
               | research.
               | 
               | I am standing right here, you dont have to point.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | dekhn wrote:
             | Taiwan governmental organization (note, the coauthor who
             | received the funding works in Taiwan). Details matter-
             | Taiwan and China are two completely different entities.
        
               | guhidalg wrote:
               | I agree Taiwan and China are different entities, looking
               | at the acknowledgement of the paper: "This study was
               | supported in part by the Ministry of Science and
               | Technology under contract numbers MOST 108-2511-H-003
               | -056 -MY3 and by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities
               | Trust". I read Hong Kong and assumed it was China.
        
           | chaps wrote:
           | This is a laughably bad take, sorry. For example, the
           | University of Chicago and its connected education
           | institutions get a large portion of their funding by falling
           | to the interests of the Chicago's mayor's office and the
           | police department, which largely stems from rhetoric. They
           | wouldn't be able to fund their projects if they didn't do
           | that. Academic researchers can lose their funding if they, as
           | individuals, publicly criticize certain organizations.
           | 
           | In other words, "validate our political rhetoric with a
           | smile, or lose your funding." It skews academic research, and
           | these incentives exist practically everywhere.
        
             | yodon wrote:
             | The University of Chicago is a private institution with a
             | research budget of many billions of dollars per year. Given
             | the extreme difficulty of believing the government of the
             | city of Chicago provides even a tiny fraction of those
             | billions of dollars in research funding, I'll have to ask
             | you for citations or data to support those aspersions
             | you're casting on the university and it's researchers.
             | 
             | We live in a time when there are strong anti-intellectual
             | threads and forces among some parts of the media. It's easy
             | to cast aspersions against researchers. The fact that
             | you've heard someone in the media say these things doesn't
             | make the aspersions true.
        
               | chaps wrote:
               | The fact that you've heard someone in the media say these
               | things doesn't make the aspersions true.
               | 
               | Good one. I'm a journalist who's done _extensive_
               | research on this exact subject in Chicago and have spent
               | hundreds of hours spent looking through leaked documents,
               | FOIA request documents, network graphs, etc etc. I 'm not
               | going to write a long post about the subject for you, but
               | I can point you in the right direction if you're actually
               | curious about diving into this. I hope you are, because
               | you seem to be very resistant to even attempting to
               | believe.
               | 
               | A lot of it is hush-hush, mired in layers of obfuscation,
               | but one of the better places to start is by looking into
               | the funding of the University of Chicago's "Crime Lab" in
               | connection with the Chicago Police Department's SDSC
               | program.
               | 
               | https://news.uchicago.edu/story/10-million-grant-will-
               | suppor...
               | 
               | Leaked documents between the Chicago Mayor's office and
               | executive staff at University of Chicago is a great
               | resource as well.
               | 
               | https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/20639065-re_-
               | quiet-t...
               | 
               | https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/20651206-re_-
               | fundrai...
               | 
               | Do a search for "uchicago.org" here: https://www.document
               | cloud.org/app?q=%2Bproject%3Aemails-2028...
               | 
               | And have a look at how often Chicago's worked directly
               | with the Uchicago over the past 15 years:
               | https://observablehq.com/d/22a60bb00bade634
               | 
               | The funding organization that threatened to cut funding
               | of a program after tweets were made can't be shared
               | because they were deleted after they were bullied by
               | their funders.
        
               | yodon wrote:
               | I'm not seeing the smoking gun here in your documents.
               | 
               | I'm aware of many academics who work with city
               | governments, including at least one researcher not from
               | Chicago who works closely with the city of Chicago. He
               | does so precisely because there are big problems there.
               | The city of Chicago may even contribute to the funding of
               | the work he does (it's helpful for the city to have skin
               | in the game), but they certainly don't provide the lion's
               | share of the funding and if the city were uncooperative
               | he'd simply shift his work to another urban area. He's
               | not going to waste his time and career as some sort of
               | controlled victim of an evil governmental moneybags,
               | particularly when he's the one bringing funding to the
               | projects.
               | 
               | Happy to continue reading docs, but thus far I'm not
               | seeing the conspiracy.
        
               | chaps wrote:
               | The point I'm hoping to show isn't a "smoking gun"
               | (frankly, I doubt any single document, or set of
               | documents, would meet your criteria), but to show that
               | research is deeply motivated by funding rather than for
               | "pure science". Bad results that don't fit the narrative
               | of the funders or political body's interest either don't
               | get published, or are downplayed to the extent that
               | they're effectively unpublished. Anything remotely
               | positive is exploded through the roof.
               | 
               | I recommend checking out Robert Vargas on twitter. He's a
               | tenured professor at University of Chicago who's written
               | a lot about this subject. https://twitter.com/robvargas21
               | 
               | This post describes a lot of the problems well:
               | https://crimethoughts.com/year/04/24/readi-chicago-and-
               | incon...
        
               | yodon wrote:
               | Reading your second set of links, it sounds like much
               | more a case of "the media does a bad job of reporting on
               | science" than "the research is corrupt." If you want to
               | improve the quality of science reporting, that's probably
               | better handled by criticizing the reporters than by
               | criticizing the researchers (most researchers already
               | work hard to keep their work out of the popular press,
               | precisely because the popular press does such a bad job
               | of reporting on research).
               | 
               | Among the first tweets in the twitter stream you provided
               | is a University of Chicago researcher actively
               | criticizing the actions of the Chicago PD. That doesn't
               | seem to support your narrative that the U of C research
               | is corrupt and in the pocket of city government. I
               | certainly can believe research is being poorly and
               | inaccurately reported in the press, but again I think if
               | you want to affect change you'll be more effective if you
               | focus your efforts on the reporting press who seem by
               | your own description to be the ones at fault.
        
       | mc4ndr3 wrote:
       | What a way to bias the network.
        
       | prepend wrote:
       | I think this a challenge that seems pretty obvious as scientists
       | working for for profit organizations that don't have binding
       | ethical frameworks aren't really free to pursue truth.
       | 
       | Just like you wouldn't expect an Exxon staff scientist to be free
       | to publish a paper independent of Exxon.
       | 
       | I think that people who want to properly practice science should
       | avoid working for corporations. Academia and government aren't
       | completely free, but I think there would be laws broken if
       | someone was fired over the contents of their peer reviewed paper.
        
         | 21723 wrote:
         | This. And if an AGI is built (unlikely in the next 100 years,
         | IMO) by a for-profit corporation, we are dangerously,
         | dangerously fucked.
        
           | pas wrote:
           | 100 years is a realllllly long time.
           | 
           | Things that happened since 1922: atomic bomb, space program,
           | detection of gravitational waves, imaging of a black hole('s
           | accretion disk), gene editing, _all_ of the computer era.
        
         | SubiculumCode wrote:
         | Agreed. We need to support increase funding and pay for public
         | scientists. It is not even remotely competitive to the private
         | market, and it is frustrating to know that I could earn
         | substantially more if I left my academic research position.
        
           | prepend wrote:
           | Actually the pay is pretty good considering $100k+ to do
           | actual science. I think the issue is these are non-scientist
           | roles at Google and whatnot that pay more because they are
           | paying scientists to not be scientists.
           | 
           | It's like the highest pay for a geologist is in government
           | unless you want to stop doing science and work for oil.
        
             | SubiculumCode wrote:
             | It takes 5-7 years to get your PhD, 3-5 years as a postdoc,
             | then starting pay is usually 85-90, but set to grow fairly
             | quickly but to out at 145+benefits. That extra decade in
             | "training" is a lot of missed economic opportunity
        
       | robonerd wrote:
       | Google AI ethicists and other researchers would be wise to
       | recognize the delta between why Google _ostensibly_ has them, and
       | why Google _actually_ has them. If they aren 't tailoring their
       | research to whatever Google executives want to hear, then they
       | aren't doing what they're _actually_ being paid for. And if they
       | want to be honest researchers instead of corporate whores, they
       | picked the wrong company to work for.
       | 
       | Would an honest climatologist last long working for Exxon? Would
       | an honest cancer researcher last long working for Phillip Morris?
        
         | tssva wrote:
         | I have no background in ethics research so this is a layman's
         | view but what strikes me as bizarre is that ethics researchers
         | are trying to decide what is ethical. 2 reasonable people can
         | look at the same set of ethical issues, weigh the potential
         | pros and cons and come to different decisions about what course
         | of action is the ethical one. It does not seem to be a field
         | where an ultimate truth exists. I would think an ethics
         | researcher should be examining AI technology to determine the
         | ethical impacts a technology, implementation or use may
         | generate both positive and negative, so that a decision maker
         | can properly weigh them. Once you try to determine what you
         | consider the ethical decision to be and insist that is the only
         | acceptable decision for another to make, you are no longer a
         | researcher but an advocate. Having a belief of what is ethical
         | and advocating for it is fine but it shouldn't be framed as
         | research.
        
         | Y-bar wrote:
         | Maybe they thought Google was a mostly okay company with good
         | potential and were under the impression that what they were
         | hired for was to help them improve? There was after all a time
         | when many of us really believed Google was a good kind of
         | company and that it generally adhered to the "don't be evil"
         | ethos.
         | 
         | I can see myself falling into a similar trap of wishful
         | thinking, especially if corporate communication reinforces it
         | (until the cold shower wakeup happens).
        
           | tmp_anon_22 wrote:
           | > Maybe they thought
           | 
           | Pretty sure the thoughts that existed before they viewed
           | their offer letter were different from the thoughts they had
           | afterwards. And there's nothing wrong with it unless you for
           | some reason want to ignore the biggest bias in the room.
        
         | sjg007 wrote:
         | Big Tobacco, Big Oil, Big Data.
        
       | yablak wrote:
       | The TF-Agents team replicated the RL training (with the
       | corresponding teams' very deep collaboration) and open-sourced it
       | here:
       | 
       | https://github.com/google-research/circuit_training
       | 
       | It pretty much gets the same results as found in the Nature
       | paper.
       | 
       | The original codebase was heavily research-focused, used TF1, was
       | impossible to run distributed training outside of Google's infra,
       | and made it hard to try algorithms other than PPO. So it was
       | reimplemented on top of TF2 and using some distributed training
       | and collection technologies developed by the TF-Agents team at
       | Google Brain and infra teams at DeepMind.
       | 
       | Everyone is welcome to poke at the training code and the model,
       | and convince themselves that it does what it says on the box :)
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | Throw4w5y wrote:
         | > the RL training
         | 
         | Is RL necessary in this context or would other, simpler methods
         | work as well to within statistical error? RL can be a heck of a
         | random number generator if misapplied.
        
       | teakettle42 wrote:
       | There is insufficient information here to make any judgement.
       | 
       | It's clear that the journalists involved want us to make a set of
       | suppositions that support their narrative about Timnit, but the
       | reporting doesn't support that conclusion -- or really, any
       | conclusion at all.
       | 
       | It's vapor -- outrage bait.
        
         | the_biot wrote:
        
         | advisedwang wrote:
         | There might be insufficient data to make judgement or cause
         | outrage, but it's still news worth reporting that this is going
         | on.
         | 
         | Tangent: Often conspiracy theories start from an actual "that's
         | weird" moment. There might be nothing to answer that weirdness
         | one way or another, and for some folks its impossible to leave
         | the question mark hanging forever, so they either dismiss it or
         | construct a complete (and often silly) narrative around it. I
         | wish we were better at taking in information without a final
         | judgement to slot it into immediately.
        
           | adamrezich wrote:
           | > I wish we were better at taking in information without a
           | final judgement to slot it into immediately.
           | 
           | agreed--I've said this here before but it seems like the
           | human mind pretty much always wants to resolve/collapse
           | uncertainty into something "knowable", and it takes practice
           | and effort to allow yourself to mentally remain in the
           | uncollapsed state when there isn't enough information to make
           | a complete judgement.
        
       | inasio wrote:
       | I remember reading the original paper [0] when it came out last
       | year, and honestly I found it pretty weak compared to other
       | google or deepmind papers, particularly the comparison to
       | Simulated Annealing methods and the lack of data to enable
       | reproducibility. Felt more like a marketing paper based on
       | proprietary data (the paper reported how they were able to
       | produce an efficient floorplan for one of google's internal
       | processors).
       | 
       | Point being that aside from the controversy being stoked based on
       | previous firings, I'm personally curious about the results
       | showing problems on the original paper (whose senior author was
       | Jeff Dean btw)
       | 
       | [0] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03544-w (the
       | endgadget story has a link to the full pdf)
        
         | lupire wrote:
         | AI research is kind of like Social sciences. There is a lot of
         | subjective statistical fiddling and parameter selection when
         | setting up comparisons, that goes into making a paper. This
         | isn't like cryptography/algebra where results are definitively
         | clear.
        
       | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
       | Obviously don't know the full context of why Satrajit Chatterjee
       | was fired, but I _can_ say that I followed the Timnit Gebru story
       | quite closely, and there was a gigantic chasm, IMO, between what
       | actually happened (and by  "what actually happened" I mean that
       | I'm conservatively just considering Gebru's own statements and
       | tweets) and how things were reported in the wider press.
       | 
       | The press will always be incentivized to report on "big bad
       | Google" and make any termination sound like a David vs. Goliath
       | battle. And, of course, while sometimes that narrative _is_ true,
       | there have been many cases where I 've thought "These are some of
       | the most toxic individuals I can imagine (again, by their _own_
       | statements), and working with them sounds like a nightmare. " To
       | emphasize, I'm definitely not saying that's the case in the
       | current example, but I am saying that nobody has enough info one
       | way or the other unless they are more personally familiar with
       | the details. Reactions based on what's written in the article are
       | thus just personal Rorschach tests.
        
         | choppaface wrote:
         | And Google Legal profits the most from turning these cases into
         | "personal Rorschach tests."
         | 
         | In the case of Glasson's pregnancy discrimination case, she had
         | to wait two years and go through Google-requested health
         | screenings just to reach a settlement.
         | https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2021/apr/09/she-sued-...
         | 
         | Google Legal wants these cases to reach settlement or some
         | other point of deterrence because they don't want the real
         | evidence and merits to enter public discussion.
         | 
         | Google not just saves reputation value but also counter-party
         | price discovery. Whenever Corp Legal fires an employee like
         | this, they always ask "will this case blow the budget on
         | severance + litigation this year?" They don't want anybody else
         | to know what this number is, and it could effectively leak if a
         | case doesn't get settled.
         | 
         | While the linked article may not give many details on the merit
         | of this case, what also is not reported is the realities of
         | large well-funded corporate legal teams.
        
         | dehrmann wrote:
         | I'm surprised news outlets still report that Timnit Gebru was
         | fired. It's at best disputed.
         | 
         | This case looks much clearer; he was terminated with cause.
        
           | brimble wrote:
           | That's... still a firing, no? What it's not, is a lay-off.
        
             | robonerd wrote:
             | The 'he' in _" he was terminated with cause"_ is not
             | referring to Gebru, but rather to Chatterjee.
             | 
             | That Chatterjee was fired is seemingly not in dispute, but
             | there was a lot of disagreement on HN over whether Gebru
             | was fired or quit (she offered an ultimatum, which Google
             | accepted.)
        
               | brimble wrote:
               | Ah, OK, sorry, I misunderstood the context.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | dekhn wrote:
             | People argued about this a bunch. here's a simple summary
             | that is consistent with the reality: Google (Jeff's docs)
             | says that Timnit offered her resignation (over the paper
             | withdrawl demand and a refusal to let Timnit confront her
             | internal reviewers) and Megan accepted it. In reality,
             | Megan terminated Timnit for cause, but used Timnit's offer
             | to resign against her. At google, resignations are normally
             | triggered by the employee explicitly resigning in a system,
             | but experienced leaders at Google like Megan know how to
             | get around this.
             | 
             | I spoke to a wide range of managers at Google afterwards
             | and the most commonly expressed opinion was "I'm amazed
             | that Megan did that, it normally takes at least a year to
             | fire individuals". What Jeff did led to a significant
             | exodus of Google researchers (including some very
             | preeminent ones) and Zoubin has to do all the cleanup.
        
               | Manuel_D wrote:
               | I mean, if you say "do X or I quit" and the company
               | responds "we're not doing X, bye" is it incorrect to say
               | that the employee quit? That's the situation here, Gebru
               | issued demands and said she'd quit if they weren't met.
               | Google said, "we accept your resignation".
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | Yes, that's not a resignation. At google, to technically
               | resign involves filling out a form on a website, it's not
               | something you can verbally state to your (manager's)
               | manager. Again, Google can still say this and probably
               | even thinks internally that's what happened, but having
               | resigned twice from Google, that's not how it really
               | works.
        
               | Manuel_D wrote:
               | I'm pretty sure if you say to your manager "I quit" and
               | stop showing up to work, regardless of what internet
               | forms you fill out, it's a resignation. The fact that
               | Gebru gave her resignation in the form of an ultimatum
               | rather than whatever website form you're talking about is
               | a pedantic point.
               | 
               | "I resign if you don't do X."
               | 
               | "We're not doing X, we accept your resignation."
               | 
               | This is a resignation the way I understand it.
        
               | faeriechangling wrote:
               | That's not a resignation the way California understands
               | it. If she said "I am resigning _NOW_ unless you do X"
               | that WOULD count as a resignation.
               | 
               | Let's think of a hypothetical. A student says "I'm going
               | to quit eventually in order to attend classes" and the
               | manager says "I accept your resignation, you are fired".
               | This generally seems more like a firing because somebody
               | was going to resign, more than it seems like a
               | resignation no?
               | 
               | In the Gebru case, Gebru didn't express WHEN she was
               | going to resign, and that's google's issue. Maybe Gebru
               | was, for all Google knew, threatening to quit in a month
               | or a year or in 10 years. Gebru never actually made the
               | time of her proposed resignation clear. As such, the law
               | doesn't consider to actually have made a legally binding
               | resignation.
        
               | bluefirebrand wrote:
               | > "I resign if you don't do X."
               | 
               | > "We're not doing X, we accept your resignation."
               | 
               | This approach from her managers can be criticized because
               | it immediately closes the door on the possibility of her
               | changing her mind and walking things back.
               | 
               | However, it sounds like she was causing a lot of internal
               | problems so perhaps they were already working to get rid
               | of her. Accepting the implied resignation may have just
               | been expedient, and saved the company a bunch of
               | severance money.
        
               | abduhl wrote:
               | You can certainly criticize Google for taking someone at
               | their word when that person issues an ultimatum, but then
               | you're tacitly admitting that the person offering the
               | ultimatum is approaching the negotiation in bad faith.
               | Google should not have to assume its employees are acting
               | in bad faith when they communicate internally, especially
               | when it comes to the future of that employee's career.
               | 
               | The real question for your framing is: Should Google have
               | to say, "ok that's it for real this time, no take-
               | backsies"? I think that google should never have to say
               | this any time someone says "or else I quit" because the
               | threat of quitting tells us that they're not willing to
               | continue operating within Google. I honestly don't see
               | the reasoning behind drawing the line anywhere else.
        
               | themacguffinman wrote:
               | She never gave Google any reason to believe that she had
               | wanted to walk things back or change her mind. That's the
               | nature of delivering an ultimatum by threatening to
               | resign: you are explicitly offering an immediate end to
               | the negotiation. Don't be surprised if management takes
               | you at your word, they're not mind readers. If she wanted
               | to signal to managers that she might not actually quit
               | over this, then she shouldn't explicitly say that she
               | will quit over this.
        
               | faeriechangling wrote:
               | Yes, under California law a legal notice of resignation
               | requires an end date. She did not legally resign, and
               | thus she was fired.
        
           | 21723 wrote:
        
             | khazhoux wrote:
             | 21723, your last comment ("Unrelated...") borders on
             | doxxing.
        
               | 21723 wrote:
               | That wasn't my intent, and his username appears to be a
               | real name (although I don't know).
               | 
               | Apologies if it seemed that was what I was trying to do.
               | I wasn't. I assumed that he was a real-name account who
               | wanted to be known by his real identity (an identity that
               | was maliciously attacked by an ex-CEO). I wouldn't guess
               | at the identity of an account obviously intended to be
               | anonymous.
        
               | khazhoux wrote:
               | I think doxxing is not just uncovering an anonymous
               | user's real name, but any form of tying someone's real-
               | world presence into online discussion, when it's not
               | directly related to the discussion. Here, you were
               | referring to an unpleasant event in the other user's real
               | life, which they did not bring up themselves. That
               | crosses the boundary. That user may not want that
               | connection established here.
               | 
               | But I'm not the HN police, just trying to help...
        
               | 21723 wrote:
               | Fair point. I thought I was being helpful but I won't do
               | it again.
        
           | faeriechangling wrote:
           | It's not disputed by anything other than googles PR. By well
           | established California law legal resignations include an end
           | date, she did not ever specify an end date when threatening
           | resignation, and thus she never legally resigned. She was
           | thus fired.
           | 
           | It would be bias in googles favor to act as though she were
           | not fired which is what any court would find. Sort of a
           | "discuss the controversy" sort of thing over a very clear cut
           | legal issue.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | ZanyProgrammer wrote:
        
         | canaus wrote:
         | Can you give some example Tweets to where you concluded that
         | these (Gebru in this example) are some of the most toxic
         | individuals you could imagine? All of my searches are of random
         | topics.
        
           | RC_ITR wrote:
           | Saying a paraphrase of "I didn't quit, I gave my employer an
           | ultimatum that they then rejected" [0] is a very toxic way to
           | interact with people.
           | 
           | 1) Ultimatums in general are not a healthy way to interact
           | with others because they intentionally try to skew power
           | dynamics towards the giver (Do what I say or else...)
           | 
           | 2) To then act (upon failure of the ultimatum) as though her
           | employer acted inappropriately implies that she really didn't
           | even give an ultimatum, so much as made a demand that she
           | couched as an ultimatum.
           | 
           | You can agree or disagree about whether she was entitled to
           | act this way (academia is a unique field where toxic behavior
           | like this is often normalized), but I think most people agree
           | that if given the option, they'd prefer to not work with
           | someone who approaches conflict in this way.
           | 
           | [0]https://twitter.com/timnitGebru/status/1334343577044979712
           | ?r...
        
             | pharmakom wrote:
             | If you cannot give an ultimatum then you can always be
             | pushed around.
        
               | BeetleB wrote:
               | > If you cannot give an ultimatum then you can always be
               | pushed around.
               | 
               | No finer example of false dichotomy than this.
               | 
               | Hers is a textbook example of how not to negotiate. By
               | textbook, I mean _literally every textbook on
               | negotiations_ that I 've read.
               | 
               | Ultimatums are a tool of last resort, and they all
               | caution their high failure rate. It also is typically a
               | signal of a weak person.
        
               | RC_ITR wrote:
               | _Unless you stop making comments like that, I will never
               | upvote a comment you write ever again._
               | 
               | ^that is certainly more 'toxic' than:
               | 
               |  _I disagree with your point. I think disagreements and
               | negotiation with an employer are fine (to your point, one
               | can even use the threat of quitting as part of said
               | negotiation), but ultimatums just serve as an opportunity
               | for the giver to imply that they have more power than the
               | receiver, which is 'toxic' behavior_
        
           | andromeduck wrote:
           | There was a huge divide between r/machinelearning threads and
           | twitter. I'd start with the megathread.
           | 
           | https://www.reddit.com/r/MachineLearning/comments/k77sxz/d_t.
           | ..
        
             | 0des wrote:
             | Can you be more specific?
        
               | chaps wrote:
               | Here are supposedly some posts from ex-colleagues of
               | hers: https://www.reddit.com/r/MachineLearning/comments/k
               | 77sxz/com...
        
               | sethherr wrote:
               | From that piece:
               | 
               | > I do believe she actually thinks she is making the
               | world a better place but in reality any interaction with
               | her has been incredibly stressful having to carefully
               | weigh every move made in her presence.
               | 
               | What if what some vocal minority advocates say is
               | correct, and they have to carefully weigh every move they
               | make, throughout their whole lives? If living that
               | carefully is incredibly stressful, what percentage chance
               | of it being the lived experience of minorities in tech
               | justifies someone fighting aggressively to make things
               | easier for minorities?
        
               | monktastic1 wrote:
               | I agree this is a difficult spot to be put in: be quiet
               | (or nice) and nothing changes, or be loud and aggressive
               | so that people are forced to take notice. I don't wish
               | that kind of double-bind on anybody.
               | 
               | In this position, some people seem to find a third
               | alternative: be fierce and yet unflinchingly kind. Make a
               | lot of noise, but be charitable with your opponents so
               | that their good side has the opportunity to come out.
               | People change on their own time. We can't force it.
               | 
               | Truth be told, it takes considerable wisdom to pull this
               | off, and it's unfair to expect that of most people. But
               | the alternative is to become increasingly bitter and
               | caustic. That ends up making you feel increasingly self-
               | righteous, but also increasingly isolated (which then
               | feeds the self-righteousness, in a vicious cycle). It
               | doesn't actually help the cause.
               | 
               | She doesn't deserve contempt for falling into that trap.
               | Like all of us, she deserves compassion. But it's okay to
               | point out that her behavior is unhelpful. We, too, should
               | not fall into the double bind of keeping quiet about it
               | versus responding aggressively. We can be kind and firm.
        
               | 0des wrote:
               | Thanks for finding that one for me. If true, that does
               | sound like a complicated situation.
        
               | civilized wrote:
               | I have no strong opinion on Gebru, but... it's so easy
               | for a random person to make a throwaway account on
               | Reddit, and these comments don't have any specific info
               | to suggest they are anything more than that.
        
               | DashAnimal wrote:
               | One of the replies further down had a more concrete
               | example. I did not see any Googlers refute it:
               | 
               | To give a concrete example of what it is like to work
               | with her I will describe something that has not come to
               | light until now. When GPT-3 came out a discussion thread
               | was started in the brain papers group. Timnit was one of
               | the first to respond with some of her thoughts. Almost
               | immediately a very high profile figure has also also
               | responded with his thoughts. He is not Lecun or Dean but
               | he is close. What followed for the rest of the thread was
               | Timnit blasting privileged white men for ignoring the
               | voice of a black woman. Nevermind that it was painfully
               | clear they were writing their responses at the same time.
               | Message after message she would blast both the high
               | profile figure and anyone who so much as implied it could
               | have been a misunderstanding. In the end everyone just
               | bent over backwards apologizing to her and the thread was
               | abandoned along with the whole brain papers group which
               | was relatively active up to that point. She has
               | effectively robbed thousands of colleagues of insights
               | into their seniors thought process just because she
               | didn't immediately get attention.
               | 
               | The thread is still up there so any googler can see it
               | for themselves and verify I am telling the truth.
        
               | civilized wrote:
               | The top voted reply is implied to be from a Googler, and
               | it claims this is inaccurate: https://old.reddit.com/r/Ma
               | chineLearning/comments/k77sxz/d_t...
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | hintymad wrote:
               | It's appalling "everyone just bent over backwards
               | apologizing to her ". It shows how detrimental the
               | extreme "progressiveness" can be.
        
               | kettleballroll wrote:
               | As those comments say, any googler can verify that the
               | mentioned email threads exist. And someone would've
               | spoken up if that was a lie.
        
           | DashAnimal wrote:
           | I don't know Timnit so I won't argue she is the most toxic or
           | the events were correct/incorrect. However, your reply made
           | me recall this thread from July 2020 (before Timnit and
           | Google parted).
           | 
           | https://twitter.com/timnitGebru/status/1278565265135906816?t.
           | ..
           | 
           | I just cannot imagine calling someone in your company out
           | like that on a public platform, especially for the crime of
           | not speaking. Both are seniors and that behavior seemed
           | anything but, to me anyway.
        
             | joshuamorton wrote:
             | Calling both "seniors" is a bit of a misnomer, like it's
             | technically true but at the time Jeff was, if memory
             | serves, Timnit's manager's manager's manager (maybe one
             | more?), the level of seniority is not the same.
             | 
             | And the callout was explicitly for (internally) claiming to
             | want to be supportive, but failing to do so externally. It
             | doesn't seem unreasonable in context.
        
             | asdfasgasdgasdg wrote:
             | I do wonder if mid 2020 will go down in history as peak
             | cancel. I definitely have a sense that it is becoming less
             | acceptable to publicly air one's grievances in the name of
             | social justice. "Silence is violence" is another phrase
             | that was very popular at that time. From my limited
             | perspective, it seems like that same slogan today would be
             | much less acceptable and get much less play.
             | 
             | Of course, two years is far too small a lag to do any real
             | historical analysis of the situation. But it seems like the
             | winds are blowing in a different direction now. I wonder
             | where they will take us. Surely we live in exciting and
             | interesting times.
        
               | ZanyProgrammer wrote:
        
         | mikkergp wrote:
         | In the David vs Goliath battle David is incentivized to do
         | exactly what Google is accusing this researcher of. Put out a
         | controversial finding that supports your beliefs, regardless of
         | whether or not it has been fully vetted. As a David you may not
         | have the resources to fully vet the story anyways, particularly
         | when the vetting process is defined by Goliath.
         | 
         | Goliath of course has as an ocean of toxic incentives to
         | maintain the status quo, promote their own Agenda, and Gatekeep
         | David. I understand why researchers want to work at these giant
         | institutions. It's harder to influence the narrative if these
         | giant institutions can operate unhindered. On top of that as
         | you mention the press is incentivized to side with David since
         | it's a more compelling story.
         | 
         | It 's part of the challenge of analyzing incentives, and means
         | most people come to conclusions based on their prior beliefs.
         | To come to the right conclusions you have to be able to dig
         | deeper in the story than we have information to do so.
        
         | throwedawayed69 wrote:
         | The Times article has some eyebrow-raising details including a
         | written statement from a lead author of the original paper who
         | describes years of harassment and undercutting.
         | 
         | > Ms. Goldie said that Dr. Chatterjee had asked to manage their
         | project in 2019 and that they had declined. When he later
         | criticized it, she said, he could not substantiate his
         | complaints and ignored the evidence they presented in response.
         | 
         | > "Sat Chatterjee has waged a campaign of misinformation
         | against me and Azalia for over two years now," Ms. Goldie said
         | in a written statement.
         | 
         | > She said the work had been peer-reviewed by Nature, one of
         | the most prestigious scientific publications. And she added
         | that Google had used their methods to build new chips and that
         | these chips were currently used in Google's computer data
         | centers.
         | 
         | Yet another blot on the Rorschach test, to be sure, but perhaps
         | useful to highlight to consider the total possibility space.
         | 
         | https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/02/technology/google-fires-a...
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | Whoever is in the right, wrong, or somewhere in the middle,
           | it's hard not to come away from the NYT article with any
           | impression other than there's been serious internal
           | squabbling and nastiness going on for a good couple of years.
           | 
           | The reasonable supposition is someone higher up just got sick
           | of the whole thing and/or Chatterjee stepped over some line.
           | 
           | It's odd. 95% of the time if a company fired someone (except
           | maybe at the very highest levels) and was asked for comment,
           | they'd say the person is no longer employed by us (or we
           | don't comment on personnel matters) and leave it at that.
        
         | hintymad wrote:
         | And it's strange no one in media questioned Gebru's paper. For
         | instance, her calculation of carbon footprint of training BERT
         | is ridiculous, as she assumes that companies will train BERT
         | 24x7. I think Gebru is a disgrace to the community because she
         | always, I mean literally always, attacks her critics by
         | motives. You think bias is a data problem? You're a bigot (See
         | her dispute with LeCun). You disagree with my assessment on an
         | ML model? You are white male oppressor (her attacking a
         | Google's SVP).
         | 
         | Gebru is not a researcher. She is a modern-age Trofim Lysenko,
         | who politicizes everything and weaponizes political
         | correctness.
        
           | TheMagicHorsey wrote:
           | The quality of her work was also not the best. Just read the
           | AI bias analysis she did. It would not pass scrutiny with an
           | undergrad audience, and yet she does an exaggerated SIGH and
           | acts like she is beyond reproach because she has CREDENTIALS.
           | Nobody cares about credentials. Your study has to stand on
           | its own.
        
           | jeffbee wrote:
           | That's what kills me. A person in a privileged position
           | inside a company with all the easily-accessed data available
           | to make concrete conclusions about the actual energy
           | consumption of these systems chooses to not learn from that,
           | but instead to publicize wildly inaccurate guesses with no
           | basis in reality. And this person is an "ethicist" somehow.
        
             | anamax wrote:
             | > And this person is an "ethicist" somehow.
             | 
             | In most cases, the role of ethicists in any field is to
             | justify monstrous behavior by practitioners to outsiders.
             | 
             | In this case, "ethicists" have taken it upon themselves to
             | determine monstrous.
        
           | godelski wrote:
           | Are we talking about the LeCun fight where they were
           | discussing Pulse (the white Obama super-resolution paper)?
           | Didn't Pulse update their paper and show that it was in fact
           | a dataset bias? A lot of these datasets have bias and it is
           | frequently hard to train an unbiased model on a biased
           | dataset. It also isn't the goal for many, though of course
           | there is work on this. Bias is everywhere in a ML system,
           | from the dataset to the model itself. We should be concerned
           | with all these steps but that fight just felt like everyone
           | didn't care about fixing the issue. A lot didn't even
           | consider that the image was decently faithful but that it was
           | our human bias of knowing Obama is black.
        
             | nostrademons wrote:
             | > it was our human bias of knowing Obama is black
             | 
             | As a side note - Obama is multiracial (white mother). As a
             | multiracial person who makes no effort to fit into American
             | racial categories and whose general attitude toward them is
             | "Your social construction of race is fucked up, man", it
             | astounds me that people would expect an AI to see what's
             | _not actually there_. Biologically, Barack Obama is half-
             | black and half-white, and probably a whole lot more
             | complicated than that because  "black" and "white" are
             | themselves leaky abstractions that we've imposed on the
             | immense variability of human skin tones. Why wouldn't you
             | expect him to autocomplete to a white man 50% of the time
             | and a black man 50% of the time?
        
               | godelski wrote:
               | Well the goal is that the reconstruction would be "him".
               | Obviously the reconstruction isn't Obama. Limiting the
               | discussion to race isn't a productive means to resolve
               | the errors. There are more than race and they are likely
               | coupled.
        
             | rg111 wrote:
             | I saw an actual Tweet by Gebru that said some loss
             | functions are more racist than others. (I am not making
             | this up.)
             | 
             | Yes, she literally said that.
             | 
             | I read some of her other work, and found little to no
             | substance. She is mediocre at best.
             | 
             | I would personally say that she is not a real AI
             | researcher. (Her prominence, as lent by her CV, is a result
             | of a gamed system).
        
               | godelski wrote:
               | > I saw an actual Tweet by Gebru that said some loss
               | functions are more racist than others. (I am not making
               | this up.)
               | 
               | Do you have this source? I'm curious what she said. Is
               | this L1 vs L2 but limiting to race?
        
             | Manuel_D wrote:
             | The "white Obama" pictures didn't even seem biased. They
             | took a brightly lit photo of Obama and the output face has
             | the same skin tone.
             | 
             | Compare Obama's skin tone in this photo: https://video-
             | images.vice.com/test-uploads/articles/5ef216e9...:*
             | 
             | With other photos. E.g: https://www.obama.org/wp-
             | content/uploads/ar_obama_sq.jpg
        
               | godelski wrote:
               | Bias is an overloaded word. To be clear, there is bias
               | (there's always bias). Every model always has bias, we
               | just want to understand that to understand the
               | limitations of it. But yes, I agree that the
               | reconstruction is decently faithful. I'm sure an L2 loss
               | isn't that high when comparing the images.
               | 
               | Part of what I was trying to say is that there is a clear
               | human bias when evaluating the reconstruction. The
               | problem here is our prior. We humans already know that
               | the compressed image is Obama because he is a well known
               | face. So we're judging based on that prior. So there is
               | some irony when talking about model bias when you don't
               | recognize the prior bias in evaluation. We should analyze
               | the bias of the model (I mean there's problems with the
               | reconstruction other than the race issue, like the
               | teeth), but we have to also be careful when analyzing
               | because we also have a bias (which we may or may not want
               | to impart upon the model).
               | 
               | The thing that gets me about these bias people in ML is
               | that it is easy to recognize and identify bias. It is
               | much harder to solve them. There seems to be two camps.
               | Those that just want to identify and those that work on
               | resolving them. The former typically say they work in
               | bias and the latter typically says they work on long tail
               | data (or sometimes few/low shot learning, or even
               | metalearning). Yeah, we should recognize biases and
               | discuss them, but just yelling at people doesn't help
               | develop the necessary mathematical frameworks to resolve
               | the issues.
        
               | sangnoir wrote:
               | You can't can't use a use a dropper and compare color
               | hex/HSL values on different pictures with different
               | lighting and say "Yup - that's the same", otherwise SFX
               | wouldn't need color grading[1]. The second picture seems
               | to be from a very brightly-lit environment - to the
               | extent of washing out his blue shirt (collar), but the
               | first picture gives no such cues, and appears less well-
               | lit (virtually).
               | 
               | AI models have no implicit knowledge of environmental
               | lighting, and if the training data is exceedingly made of
               | brightly lit images, may end up generating images that
               | belong in well-lit environments (fairer-looking skin
               | tones), but in low-light contexts. When looking at these
               | generated images, the human eye does what it does best:
               | determine relevant gamma-correction using all available
               | cues.
               | 
               | [1]. Assets rendered in the same color under all scene
               | lighting conditions.
        
           | registeredcorn wrote:
           | > weaponizes political correctness
           | 
           | I'm sorry to be nitpick-y. I understand what you are saying,
           | but to be clear: Political correctness _is_ a weapon.
           | 
           | The idea is that there is a correct answer (fact), and a
           | separate, unrelated politically advantageous answer (group
           | approval). Following the tactic of political correctness, to
           | any degree, is using the concept for personal gain. There is
           | no way to be political correct without doing so in a harmful
           | manner. Approval of this kind can only be gained by attacking
           | a target.
           | 
           | "So-and-so is using explosives to destroy things." It is the
           | design of the thing.
        
             | robonerd wrote:
             | Political correctness means adherence to a political
             | ideology. Whether something is politically correct or
             | politically incorrect is relative to the political ideology
             | in question. Subjective value statements like _" X deserves
             | more funding than Y"_, which don't have objective answers,
             | may be considered politically correct or incorrect
             | depending on the ideological context being considered.
        
             | hintymad wrote:
             | I'm not sure PC itself a weapon, but I get your point. PC
             | is so ingrained in American culture that we implicitly
             | accept that certain degree of PC is needed.
        
           | octonion wrote:
           | This is a terrible, zero-content personal attack on a person
           | who isn't here to defend herself. You should be ashamed,
           | although based on this attack I doubt you're capable of
           | feeling shame.
        
             | hintymad wrote:
             | What do you mean by zero-content? I mentioned the paper,
             | her attack on LeCun, and her attack on her co-worker as
             | documented in the reddit megathread. Please feel to verify
             | the facts.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | 21723 wrote:
         | It sounds like you're alleging that Timnit Gebru (whom I've
         | never met, but who seems like a fine person from what I have
         | read) is "toxic" and that working with her would be "a
         | nightmare" to you. Am I correct in inferring this?
        
           | fossuser wrote:
           | Not OP, but here's an old thread from the last time this came
           | up which is the bit I'm remembering:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25297823
        
           | dekhn wrote:
           | I'd have a hard time working with her because she says that
           | the techbros of silicon valley are eugenicists. timnit's
           | repsonse to https://www.technologyreview.com/2022/04/22/10503
           | 94/artifici... was "this was a beautiful article to read
           | after spending all weekend reading about the modern day
           | eugenics movement underlying much of the whole AGI stuff."
           | 
           | She sort of godwins her arguments.
        
             | lupire wrote:
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | I gave a single example, please see her entire twitter
               | feed. She says this over and over in multiple ways and
               | it's quite clear what she is saying and whom she
               | includes.
               | 
               | Beyond that, what I saw her write in internal groups at
               | Google was simple not acceptable within reasonable
               | bounds.
        
               | Traubenfuchs wrote:
               | I never expected to read ,,eugenics" and ,,html" in the
               | same sentence.
        
               | baybal2 wrote:
        
             | throwawaygh wrote:
             | The AGI safety stuff is weird and silly. AFAICT that
             | community is mostly filled with philosophy types
             | anthropomorphizing ML models that they don't understand.
             | It's a waste of time and money. But then, I feel the same
             | way about like 80% of what NSF CISE funds and there's
             | plenty of toxic types in academia. At least the AGI safety
             | stuff is all private money. My whole reaction to that
             | community is mostly "weird and not worth my time".
             | 
             | Timmit et al.'s reaction to the AGI/existential safety
             | stuff is also weird. I don't even disagree, but I'm not
             | sure why this topic in particular is such a lightening rod.
        
               | petters wrote:
               | "anthropomorphizing ML models" seems like the complete
               | opposite of what AI safety people do.
               | 
               | They often point out that just because you are
               | intelligent, you don't have to seem human. I think they
               | call it the "orthogonality thesis".
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | Anthropomorphism isn't just about directly comparing
               | things to people, it's also about assigning qualities
               | that are related to people, like motivations, goals,
               | opinions, concepts like good and bad, etc, even if the
               | specific qualities would be alien to most people.
               | 
               | In that sense, the AI safety crowd has been
               | anthropomorphizing hypothetical AI for close to 20 years
               | now.
        
               | brian_cloutier wrote:
               | Do you have an example of someone in the community making
               | this mistake?
               | 
               | My understanding is that if we knew that all future AGIs
               | would have human-like motivations, goals, opinions, and
               | concepts of good and bad then that crowd would be much
               | less concerned. Smarter humans are not the concern.
               | Intelligences which are _not_ human-like are the explicit
               | concern.
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | Roko's basilisk comes to mind.
        
               | brian_cloutier wrote:
               | I wonder if you've had an in-person conversation with
               | someone who would identify as being a part of the AGI
               | safety community. I've talked with several people and
               | their arguments are a lot more sophisticated than an
               | intuition that ML models would have human motivations.
               | 
               | This post isn't written by somebody inside the community
               | but he presumably has access to them and has had
               | conversations with them which shape his beliefs:
               | https://astralcodexten.substack.com/p/deceptively-
               | aligned-me...
               | 
               | I wonder if you also believe that post is just a wasteful
               | collection of philosophy anthropomorphizing misunderstood
               | ML models.
        
               | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
               | The core thing I (and I suspect the original commenter)
               | struggle to get past is the invetiable twist that in this
               | post happens halfway through this post's part II.
               | 
               | > If it's a very smart mesa-optimizer, it might think "If
               | I throw the strawberry at the streetlight, I will be
               | caught and trained to have different goals."
               | 
               | It seems to me that this is a category error, like having
               | the very smart mesa-optimizer start thinking about how it
               | can find other models to marry. Why would gradient
               | descent produce this very specific concept of goals-based
               | identity? It's not even a human universal - many people
               | don't have a particularly strong attachment to their
               | current set of goals and hope for God or Buddha to help
               | them get different ones.
        
               | brian_cloutier wrote:
               | I don't think I understand your objection because it
               | doesn't seem like a category error to talk about
               | optimizers having goals.
               | 
               | I think you would agree that thermostats have goals? They
               | try to minimize the error between the desired and the
               | actual temperature. And you would also agree that
               | gradient descent has a goal? It tweaks parameters in the
               | search for models which minimize error in the training
               | set. The system performing that gradient descent was
               | designed by humans and exhibits goal-like behavior.
               | 
               | But you think it's a step too far to believe that
               | gradient descent could create a model which also exhibits
               | goal-like behavior?
               | 
               | What is the difference in category that you see between
               | those two steps?
               | 
               | I agree that humans are not goal-directed in the same way
               | the community is worried that AGI might be. This makes it
               | surprising that seeing AGI as potentially goal-directed
               | is seen as anthropomorphism, humans often question their
               | goals in exactly the way there is concern that AGI will
               | not!
        
         | karpierz wrote:
         | Google is free to publish whatever information they'd like to
         | vindicate themselves. The fact that they don't is information.
         | 
         | Google is also free to sue for libel/defamation, but for some
         | reason choose not to. This is also information.
         | 
         | You can say "well, we don't have the full picture, so we can't
         | draw conclusions", but this will lead to never draw conclusions
         | about the behaviour of anything, as you'll never have a full
         | picture.
        
         | TheMagicHorsey wrote:
         | Agree strongly with you on the Gebru firing. I followed it
         | closely. The Press was pretty dishonest in the way they
         | portrayed it.
        
       | 21723 wrote:
       | The really brazen thing here is that Google is claiming he was
       | fired "with cause".
       | 
       | People get let go all the time: layoffs, management changes,
       | redundnacies. Usually, the company and manager try to avoid any
       | legal or PR risk by saying nothing and letting the departing
       | employee own the story. The fact that they're not doing this--
       | that they're going out of their way to 9/11 someone's reputation
       | after he's gone--suggests that someone in power is really, really
       | pissed off.
        
         | DoneWithAllThat wrote:
         | What? No it doesn't suggest that at all. When employees make
         | the choice to make their termination public it's very common
         | for companies to offer reasoning. Any company. The takeaway
         | that "someone in power is really, really pissed off" is
         | nonsense.
        
           | lupire wrote:
           | Still, of someone is terminated _with cause_ , that legally
           | means that the company was severely offended, to the point
           | that they have decided to prevent unemployment insurance
           | payout. It's serious.
           | 
           | It's not just "we don't think it's profitable for you to work
           | here".
        
       | loveJesus wrote:
        
       | smsm42 wrote:
       | This article is remarkably light on substance. All we know by the
       | end is what we knew from the headline - one of AI people at
       | Google got fired because of some disagreement over some paper.
       | Which paper, what it was about, what was the crux of the
       | disagreement, anything useful to understand what is going on?
       | Nothing.
       | 
       | Also, some other people were at different time fired or left
       | Google for reasons not related to anything in this story, but
       | since they also worked with AI, we'd mention it just because we
       | need at least four paragraphs of text.
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | Actually we don't even know that much. We know they disagreed
         | with the paper, and they were fired. Maybe they were fired for
         | not wearing pants on the bus.
        
       | mcguire wrote:
       | " _Google fired machine learning scientist Satrajit Chatterjee in
       | March, soon after it refused to publish a paper Chatterjee and
       | others wrote challenging earlier findings that computers could
       | design some chip components more effectively than humans. The
       | scientist was reportedly allowed to collaborate on a paper
       | disputing those claims after he and fellow authors expressed
       | reservations, but was dismissed after a resolution committee
       | rejected the paper and the researchers hoped to bring the issue
       | to CEO Sundar Pichai and Alphabet 's board of directors._"
       | 
       | Google refused to allow a paper that was critical of a previous
       | paper to be published? That would be scientific misconduct at the
       | organization level, no? The kind of thing that got the Trump
       | administration in trouble, right?
        
         | sjg007 wrote:
         | It is a strange hill to decide to die on. Even if you are the
         | expert in the area, AI is weird and changing the world.
         | 
         | Most Nature papers have something wrong with them. I don't see
         | any reason that reinforcement learning cannot learn the best
         | layouts or what not. I don't know the space though enough to
         | say more than that.
         | 
         | The NYTimes article alleges that he waged a misinformation
         | campaign against two researchers. So there's that in the mix as
         | well.
        
       | oh_sigh wrote:
       | Were they fired because they challenged the findings, or were
       | they fired for their behavior after being told their paper wasn't
       | up to snuff for some reason?
       | 
       | Same thing with Timnit...was she fired(or "resignation accepted")
       | because of a paper she was writing, or was she fired because of
       | her behavior after being told the paper needed more review(or
       | whatever)?
       | 
       | I really doubt that Google is so wrapped up in the "computer
       | designs chips better than humans" paper that they are firing
       | anyone who sows dissent. A much more parsimonious explanation is
       | the dissenter was welcome to dissent, but behaved in a fireable
       | way after being told other people don't agree with them.
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | Publicly "fired for cause" would seem like a pretty spectacular
         | overreaction to someone having an academic disagreement with ML
         | vs. human performance in some domain of chip design.
         | Sufficiently spectacular that I'm essentially certain there's
         | more to the story.
         | 
         | Timnit was at least in a more... fraught area.
        
           | dekhn wrote:
           | Timnit was fired for cause- the cause was being a jerk to
           | coworkers repeatedly (she repeatedly attacked internal
           | researchers on internally public mailing lists in an
           | unprofessional way). I still don't understand why Megan and
           | jeff tried to pitch it as a resignation or that it was about
           | that specific paper not being withdrawn (Megan didn't even
           | understand the difference between a submitted paper being
           | withdrawn, and a published paper being retracted). Either
           | way, the outcome of that situation is: Jeff doesn't really
           | run Research any more and Megan is permanently sidelined, and
           | now Timnit has an independently funded institute where she
           | can say whatever she wants (her current position is that
           | techbros are eugenicists).
        
             | gwern wrote:
             | > the cause was being a jerk to coworkers repeatedly (she
             | repeatedly attacked internal researchers on internally
             | public mailing lists in an unprofessional way).
             | 
             | No, the cause was her ultimatum email demanding the names
             | of the reviewers among several other things (which she
             | refers to as "simple conditions") or she quit, and then
             | also emailing Googlers telling them to stop working. The
             | first was the email her manager replied to saying they
             | weren't going to meet her demand and her resignation was
             | accepted immediately given her other email, rather than
             | after a leisurely vacation and few months of wrapup like
             | she wanted. (This is how Gebru apologists justify defining
             | it as 'firing' rather than 'quitting', to make her look
             | like more of a victim.)
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | Those were all proximal causes, not ultimate causes. I
               | don't think she was a victim, I'm not an apologist, but
               | the way google fired her was still rather unprofessional
               | and had some severe consequences for the people who did
               | it which are obviously still playing out today. What's
               | amazing is that if they're put her on a pip for textually
               | assaulting her coworkers, she would have been gone in
               | 6-12 months without as much noise.
        
               | themacguffinman wrote:
               | Few are really fooled by a PIP response like this. I'd
               | fire anyone who would make the decision to give such a
               | high profile activist 6-12 more months of authorization
               | to internal company materials and direct contact with
               | colleagues to lash out against the company with the not-
               | so-hidden knowledge that they're on their way out. We
               | already know that another colleague who sympathized with
               | her attempted to exfiltrate company material after Gebru
               | was summarily fired. Many companies will still
               | immediately escort you from the premises if you quit
               | amicably.
        
           | 21723 wrote:
           | This. People get let go all the time and that's just how the
           | game works, but if a company is publicly saying someone was
           | "fired for cause", that means someone _who outranks the
           | lawyers_ is out to rape this guy 's name, because that almost
           | never happens otherwise.
        
         | 21723 wrote:
         | Scientists are pretty used to the idea of having their papers
         | rejected. It happens all the time for all sorts of reasons.
         | Never say never, but the likelihood that someone who's already
         | gone through a PhD program would act out in some extreme way is
         | low.
         | 
         | Usually, these terminations have more to do with "He's getting
         | close to something untouchable" than anything else. It happens
         | to journalists, when they do their job a bit too well, also.
        
           | oh_sigh wrote:
           | I don't think you can quantify any of the claims that you
           | made in your post.
           | 
           | Is your argument that the "Computers can design chip
           | components better than humans" paper is so fundamental to
           | Google that they're silencing any critics? Conspiracy
           | theories work better if there is even a kernel of truth to
           | them. Maybe I could accept this if Chatterjee was rebutting
           | advertising as a whole or something, but who exactly is so
           | concerned about this specific paper?
        
             | lupire wrote:
             | If you write a paper, as happened here, claiming that your
             | boss's greatest achievement is bogus, your employment might
             | be in danger. Not because Sundar and the Board and large
             | shareholders care, but because your boss cares.
        
               | oh_sigh wrote:
               | Your boss can't just fire you at Google(unless you report
               | directly to Sundar I suppose). Especially not "with
               | cause". Whose greatest achievement was "Computers can
               | design some chip components better than humans" that you
               | are accusing of having fired Chatterjee?
        
           | BeetleB wrote:
           | > Scientists are pretty used to the idea of having their
           | papers rejected.
           | 
           | By journals, not by their employers. It's actually quite
           | unusual for researchers in industry have their papers blocked
           | by their employers, as many have testified after that affair.
        
         | krona wrote:
         | Exactly. This story doesn't add up to me - too much of a non-
         | sequitur to fire someone for simply pointing out an
         | inconvenient truth.
        
       | timcavel wrote:
        
       | t_mann wrote:
       | wth? a "for cause" termination is a pretty big deal (in some
       | larger organizations practically an automatic application
       | killer), and to say it in a press statement is furthering its
       | damaging impact. why do they think they need to do that?
       | 
       | even if we take for granted that there's probably a lot more to
       | this story than what's reported in the article, this leaves a
       | bitter aftertaste. there are so many ways this could have been
       | handled more gracefully. and the optics of doing that in the
       | context of a critical study are poor, to say the least.
        
       | citilife wrote:
       | I'm not going to comment on the firing. What I can say, is that
       | all research papers should be questioned heavily. Generally, the
       | review process is very incestuous and creates perverse incentives
       | to not threaten publications. It wouldn't surprise me if firings
       | are related to questioning research.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | chasd00 wrote:
       | The article is really light on details. Fired with cause could
       | mean anything.
        
       | spoonjim wrote:
       | Why does Google even fund this AI safety research internally?
       | These conflicts are guaranteed to happen.
        
         | sjg007 wrote:
         | Checks a box that outside regulators can look at. Otherwise
         | outside regulators would likely try to investigate and
         | regulate. Also Google's own research can be used to counteract
         | AI ethics claims that are existential to Google. These are
         | likely going to be Big Data type claims. Big ominous future
         | threats like the GDPR for example.
         | 
         | We know the oil and gas industry produce copious amounts of CO2
         | causes global warming -- they knew because they funded the
         | research. But publicly their position was "uncertainty".
        
       | dehrmann wrote:
       | > ...and the researchers hoped to bring the issue to CEO Sundar
       | Pichai and Alphabet's board of directors.
       | 
       | Um, what? The board of directors has no interest in this.
        
         | throwawaygh wrote:
         | This is probably the most under-rated comment in the thread.
         | Speaking as a scientist in industry, polluting executive
         | attention with internal spats over publication clearance is
         | cause enough for termination.
        
           | whymauri wrote:
           | I wonder how much of this comes down to the researcher's
           | expectations going from SVP at a 1k person trading firm to
           | Senior Manager at a Google with 100k+ employees. Maybe they
           | expected to punch in a much higher political weight class
           | than they actually could and got burned.
        
       | nickdothutton wrote:
       | Business is sometimes a difficult place to do pure research, just
       | as a University is a very poor home for an operating business
       | (outside of education). If you are a business who thinks there is
       | some value in pure research then you could do worse than follow
       | the model from the 50s and 60s. Separate research campus or unit.
       | Separate management. Separate culture and working practices.
        
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