[HN Gopher] Covid patients pushed medical extremes in life suppo...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Covid patients pushed medical extremes in life support breakthrough
        
       Author : tomhoward
       Score  : 88 points
       Date   : 2022-04-28 15:03 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.heraldsun.com.au)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.heraldsun.com.au)
        
       | spacexsucks wrote:
       | Side note: I get this
       | 
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       | You know I dont want your content herald.
        
         | jeroenhd wrote:
         | Wow, that's pretty terrible. You can use archive links
         | (https://archive.ph/idtyC) if you care enough but the way this
         | website treats visitors made me lose interest in the story all
         | together.
         | 
         | If I click the link om redirected to some subdomein that's
         | blocked by my PiHole so that's also quite telling.
        
       | abathur wrote:
       | As a counterpoint (anecdata...) to some comments here...
       | 
       | After contracting covid around Christmas and ~recovering over
       | about 2 weeks, one of my younger sisters, 31 + pregnant, started
       | feeling short of breath in late February. She went into the
       | hospital, was held for observation/testing for a little over a
       | day but was in good spirits.
       | 
       | Healthy. No major preexisting conditions before covid (aside from
       | pregnancy and some allergies). No ~ground-glass anomaly (as I
       | understand it).
       | 
       | She went into acute respiratory distress in the wee hours of the
       | morning. Intubation helped get oxygen in, but C02 was building in
       | her blood. Within 4 hours, they made the call to put her on ECMO.
       | They needed to wheel her to another wing of the hospital and told
       | her husband she might not even last that long. The chaplain
       | followed them over.
       | 
       | Once there, they sprayed the walls and bed with her blood, and
       | made her a cyborg for a week. And then we got her back.
       | 
       | (Well. Kinda. She was diagnosed with pre-eclampsia during this
       | episode, and is having to live in the hospital until she
       | delivers.)
       | 
       | She is, demographically, the kind of patient that merits
       | interventions like this. As the news filtered to me several
       | hundred miles away in spurts and haunting silences, I started my
       | grieving when I heard she'd been intubated. ECMO was the only
       | light in the tunnel.
       | 
       | (* I write this as a selfish brother with zero knowledge of the
       | long term financial consequences to my sister and her young
       | family.)
        
         | fujidust wrote:
         | Best of luck to her and family. My heart goes out to you all.
        
         | chinathrow wrote:
         | Wow, that was hard to read. Was she vaccinated against Covid?
        
           | abathur wrote:
           | She had an initial 2-shot course, but shied away from the
           | booster after she found out she was pregnant (in late Oct,
           | iirc.)
        
           | psychlops wrote:
           | Out of curiosity, of what will the answer inform you?
        
             | barrkel wrote:
             | If she was vaccinated, then COVID sounds like it could
             | still be a big problem.
             | 
             | If not, then the current general impression of COVID
             | largely being behind us (us being the vaccinated world) is
             | still tenable.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | Causality is never clear in individual cases. With
               | millions of cases worldwide there will always be
               | occasional outliers due to genetics or environmental
               | factors or random luck. Severe COVID-19 symptoms have
               | always been rare in that age group, and multiple large
               | scale clinical trials have shown pretty conclusively that
               | vaccination cuts the risk still further. But vaccines are
               | never 100% effective, and individual anecdotes don't tell
               | us anything useful about vaccine efficacy.
               | 
               | SARS-CoV-2 can never be eradicated and it will continue
               | killing people just like other endemic respiratory
               | viruses such as influenza, RSV, HCoV-OC43, etc. At this
               | point the majority of Americans have already been
               | infected so it's time to accept the risk and move on,
               | regardless of how well the vaccines work.
               | 
               | https://www.npr.org/2022/04/26/1094817774/covid-19-infect
               | ion...
        
               | bonzini wrote:
               | Respiratory distress is a symptom of preeclampsia.
               | Doesn't have to be related to COVID.
        
               | abathur wrote:
               | As I understand it, she wasn't diagnosed with
               | preeclampsia (despite being a pregnant woman in a
               | maternity hospital for shortness of breath--for ~36h)
               | until after she was placed on ECMO. Her levels (I think
               | maybe liver enzyme is what matters?) fell back into
               | normal range within a few days of coming off ECMO, but
               | they do not reverse the diagnosis once given.
        
               | beamatronic wrote:
               | "Vaccinated" is not really a Boolean. It is a list of N
               | vaccine types and administration dates. After all, the
               | protection fades over time, subject to many variables.
        
               | khazhoux wrote:
               | Relevance? The question still has a boolean answer
               | (modulo booster), regardless of the menu of vaccine
               | options.
        
         | kxyvr wrote:
         | I'm really sorry that happened to your sister, but I'm also
         | glad that's working out. Really, despite all of the pessimism
         | about end-of-life decisions, ECMO is good technology and your
         | sister's case is good evidence of that. I think what gets mixed
         | up in all of this conversation is that what may be a good idea
         | when you're less than 60 may not be a good idea when you're
         | over 90.
         | 
         | As a side note, evidently, the French have really good medical
         | technology and practice. They have been able to run ECMO in a
         | Paris subway in order to save someone's life:
         | 
         | https://www.jems.com/patient-care/how-physicians-perform-pre...
         | 
         | I really do hope this kind of measure can be made more readily
         | available. Till then, I'm still happy it works for people like
         | your sister.
        
       | neonate wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/idtyC
        
       | chiefalchemist wrote:
       | Ok. But at what cost? Not financial cost per se, but along the
       | lines of opportunity cost. These efforts, while very impressive,
       | consume a significant (read: disproportionate) amount of
       | resources. Resources that could possibly be deployed elsewhere.
       | 
       | I'm not suggesting it was foolish to do this. But there is
       | broader context for "do no harm".
        
       | sonicggg wrote:
       | If you are bad enough to need ECMO, you may as well wish you were
       | dead. Not sure what is better.
       | 
       | Little is talked about the life of these people after they are
       | "saved", whatever that word means. Besides sequelae from Covid
       | itself, you're getting ECMO sequelae as a cherry on top. You
       | can't just go back to life as it was.
        
         | queuebert wrote:
         | My wife treats ECMO patients, and it is not uncommon for them
         | to attempt suicide by pulling out the cannulas. A couple have
         | succeeded. What follows is a rapid exsanguination over the next
         | few minutes as the machine pumps their blood onto the floor at
         | 2 L/min. That tells me the quality of life while on treatment
         | is not good.
         | 
         | The ones that survive the treatment (less than half) are never
         | the same. But they aren't dead.
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | I'd be cautious assuming intensive care patients are entirely
           | of right mind. Something in ICU treatment tends to induce
           | delirium/psychosis.
           | 
           | https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/news/publications/hopkins_me.
           | ..
           | 
           | > The sickest of survivors frequently experience delirium at
           | some point in their course of treatment. The condition occurs
           | in 70 to 80 percent of acute respiratory failure cases,
           | according to a 2013 study in the New England Journal of
           | Medicine. Among the elderly the ICU delirium rate is
           | similarly at about 80 percent, experts say.
        
         | rob74 wrote:
         | Not just ECMO, people who were "only" on a respirator for a few
         | weeks/months also have their fair share of issues afterwards.
         | Makes you think reading stories like these should be enough to
         | convince anyone to get vaccinated. But some people are still
         | convinced that this won't happen to them if they get Covid,
         | however they fear any number of side effects from the
         | vaccination...
        
           | bsder wrote:
           | > But some people are still convinced that this won't happen
           | to them if they get Covid, however they fear any number of
           | side effects from the vaccination...
           | 
           | Ayup. Had a close relative like this--he was about 10 years
           | younger than me and still has a teenager. He got Delta and
           | wound up on ECMO. He didn't make it.
           | 
           | All because anti-vax was part of his social identity.
           | 
           | And it's not like he didn't know. _I_ got Covid Original
           | Flavour(tm) and loudly told everybody around me how much it
           | sucked (it was basically the 3rd sickest I 've _ever_ been in
           | my life) and all the side effects I got from it.
        
           | azinman2 wrote:
           | Just go read the sister thread right now on myocarditis in
           | Israel... people are calling for tribunals on medical
           | malpractice for forcing people to get vaccines...
        
             | DontMindit wrote:
             | Can you link the thread please. I looked through your
             | profiles other comments but I didn't see it.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | I don't know if there is a discussion thread but an
               | Israeli study was just published yesterday which found an
               | association between COVID-19 vaccination and myocarditis
               | in young men.
               | 
               | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-10928-z
               | 
               | (I am not taking a position on the findings of that
               | study, just providing a link as a reference.)
        
               | somenameforme wrote:
               | Not the person you're responding to, but if you're
               | unaware/interested in relevant data this study [1] was
               | just published 10 days ago and it's interesting. It
               | compared the rates of myocarditis/pericarditis only
               | within the 28 day period following vaccination to the
               | rates experienced by unvaccinated individuals over a
               | sample of 23 million Europeans.
               | 
               | Keep in mind the metric they use (IRR - incident rate
               | ratio) is a ratio, not a percent. So an IRR of 15 means
               | 1500% more events. Table 2 lays out everything quite
               | nicely. To see it you need to click on figures/tables and
               | scroll down a bit.
               | 
               | [1] - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/ful
               | larticle/...
        
               | robocat wrote:
               | Probably this:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31202038
               | 
               | I suggest you use https://hn.algolia.com/ to search for
               | past stories or comments (make sure to use the correct
               | combo selections, otherwise it won't give you what you
               | want!).
        
       | jessriedel wrote:
       | Every time I read about ECMO, the stories are saturated with
       | weird comments by doctors and hospital officials about its
       | "proper use", whether they are doing the right thing to use it,
       | etc. Explicitly they say the concern is for the patient (whether
       | the potential suffering is worth it given the high chance of
       | death), but I can't square this with the numbers and with other
       | medical practices. Unless there is some extreme physical torture
       | associated with EMCO that's not mentioned, being on EMCO for a
       | week or month or 6 months seems obviously worth it for a 50%
       | chance of survival from the patient's perspective. Other patients
       | with different illnesses routinely spend giant amounts of time in
       | the ICU with much slimmer odds. Nothing I read in these articles
       | suggests to me that ECMO stands out unusually above the high
       | background levels of suffering in a modern hospital.
       | 
       | I suspect the underlying cause of the handwringing is the immense
       | cost of ECMO (hundreds of thousands of dollars) and the distinct
       | possibility that a patient ends up dependent on it (marginal cost
       | >$5k per day) with no obvious ethical threshold for withdrawing
       | care, at least according to the official prevailing norm that
       | mere cost cannot be a reason to do so. This article is
       | substantially more direct about that:
       | 
       | https://khn.org/news/miracle-machine-makes-heroic-rescues-an...
       | 
       | Very interested to hear commentary from people who know more
       | though.
        
         | meroes wrote:
         | What do the survivors deal with though? I recently had an
         | injury that required surgery and occupational therapy. My
         | entire limb was a sad, useless appendage for months mostly due
         | to immobility and how it reacted to pain. I can't imagine the
         | mountain one must surmount to get back to even 25% of their pre
         | illness self. I was down to 15% use by the time my OT started.
         | And 6 months later it still is a daily task to keep improving
         | (much better now though).
         | 
         | It must take an incredible toll and on already sick body.
        
         | ceejayoz wrote:
         | Cost isn't the only consideration; staffing is also important.
         | ECMO is extremely high-touch (1:1 nursing recommended, and some
         | patients may need 2:1), even compared to other ICU procedures;
         | given a primary concern during the pandemic was running out of
         | ICU capacity, a bunch of patients on ECMO can cause you to get
         | to that point much more rapidly.
        
           | JshWright wrote:
           | Staffing is a component of the cost.
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | Staffing and cost are related, but there are staffing
             | requirements that no amount of money thrown at them can
             | fix.
        
             | munificent wrote:
             | Nurses are not an infinitely fungible commodity.
        
               | JshWright wrote:
               | No, but a significant cause of current staffing shortages
               | are stagnant wages (especially for non-travel nursing
               | roles).
               | 
               | Hospitals paying decent wages to full-time/permanent
               | staff would go a long way towards solving staffing
               | shortages.
        
             | mrkstu wrote:
             | It's also an absolute availability issue. A hospital has,
             | in the near to intermediate time horizon, the staff that it
             | has. So dedicating staff in such ratios make them
             | unavailable to other patients, so triage considerations
             | come into play.
        
         | carbocation wrote:
         | ECMO is high risk for the patient, especially venoarterial (VA)
         | ECMO which is probably _not_ what is being described in this
         | article. Venovenous (VV) ECMO doesn 't dump blood into the
         | arterial tree, so your risk of stroke or other arterial
         | thrombotic complications is much lower. You still risk
         | infection and venous clotting (and therefore the risks of
         | iatrogenic anticoagulation), but I think most of us would
         | accept those risks.
         | 
         | From a systems standpoint, the use of mechanical support
         | usually makes sense in the context of being a bridge to
         | somewhere that is not in-hospital, _even in the event of non-
         | recovery_. At least where I practice, we want to be able to
         | offer a durable device, or transplantation, if you don 't
         | recover. If you live in a place where the health system would
         | not offer transplantation (e.g., because of some risk factor
         | like advanced age), then offering ECMO makes less sense because
         | it is not a bridge to anywhere, particularly for VA ECMO.
         | 
         | For VV ECMO, I think there has long been a recognition that
         | people can do OK for an extended period of time (in contrast to
         | VA ECMO, where the risks are higher and there are also
         | destination therapies like ventricular assist devices). And if
         | you're waiting for a lung transplant vs recovery, you may be
         | waiting for quite awhile. To this end, there are special
         | catheters for VV ECMO that facilitate mobility so you can
         | retain some degree of strength and mobility while on ECMO
         | (e.g., https://www.getinge.com/int/product-catalog/avalon-
         | elite-bi-... ).
         | 
         | I'm closer to VA ECMO than to VV ECMO (but do neither); still,
         | your comments ring more true for me about VV ECMO (which again
         | I think is the subject of this article), whereas I think that
         | patient risk + superior bridging/destination strategies really
         | do dominate the VA ECMO discussion.
        
           | dr_coffee wrote:
           | One important distinction is to understand that VA ECMO is
           | more often used as mechanical circulatory support in cases of
           | severe heart failure leading to cardiogenic shock. Used alone
           | or in conjunction with other mechanical devices (balloon
           | pumps or impella pumps) it can augment cardiac output to
           | provide sufficient perfusion and oxygenation of your organs
           | and distal extremities.
           | 
           | VV ECMO, on the other hand, is used purely for gas exchange
           | (O2 and CO2) due to respiratory failure. Much of the debate
           | in the critical care community is centered around which
           | circumstances and patients derive the most benefit from
           | initiation of VV ECMO. The best studied use case, is in the
           | setting of acute respiratory distress syndrome, which is
           | defined by very specific criteria (bilateral noncardiogenic
           | pulmonary edema with ratio of arterial oxygenation partial
           | pressure to fraction of inspired oxygen less than 300 mmHg).
           | The EOLIA trial published in NEJM in 2018 looked at early
           | initiation of VV ECMO in patients with severe ARDS [1]. It
           | demonstrated no mortality benefit of ECMO, however many say
           | that the study was not appropriately powered as the
           | assumptions used to design the study were from 2008 when
           | mortality from ARDS was much higher. Re-analysis of the data
           | from the EOLIA trial using bayesian methods suggests that
           | there might actually some benefit to early initiation of ECMO
           | [2]
           | 
           | 1. https://www.wikijournalclub.org/wiki/EOLIA
           | 
           | 2. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2709620
        
           | jessriedel wrote:
           | Thank you for this reply. Highly informative.
           | 
           | > whereas I think that patient risk + superior
           | bridging/destination strategies really do dominate the VA
           | ECMO discussion.
           | 
           | Is the idea here that when doctors are considering VA ECMO
           | for a patient there is usually some non-trivial chance that
           | the patient survives without it? In that case the choice, I
           | guess, is between higher survival with more complications (VV
           | ECMO) and lower survival with fewer complications (no ECMO)?
        
             | carbocation wrote:
             | Sort of a facile response but we'll at least _consider_ VA
             | ECMO if we think the benefits outweigh the risks. E.g., a
             | person in worsening cardiogenic shock because of a usually
             | reversible insult (e.g., severe stress cardiomyopathy, or a
             | refractory ventricular arrhythmia) has a very good chance
             | of surviving the acute hospitalization but if I 'm worried
             | they will die tonight (even if they'd be fine 2 days from
             | now after some recovery time) then will discuss VA ECMO
             | with the people who actually do it for a living. VA ECMO's
             | complications are a consideration in that calculus. That's
             | the kind of decision where I think an observer could argue
             | (especially if things go well) that there was a non-trivial
             | chance that the patient would have survived without ECMO.
        
         | ausbah wrote:
         | not trying to play doctor here, but a quick skim through the
         | wikipedia article shows a high risk for developing neurological
         | issues, infection, and blood related ailments
         | 
         | I imagine, and I hope someone with more knowledge can add on or
         | correct me, that medicinal professionals are generally
         | reluctant to use ECMO for extended periods due to the
         | aforementioned issues. I personally know if my odds of waking
         | up brain dead from a procedure were 50-50%, I wouldn't take
         | that risk. so I wonder if doctors in this case saw a
         | corresponding decrease in such risks?
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extracorporeal_membrane_oxygen...
        
           | jessriedel wrote:
           | > I personally know if my odds of waking up brain dead from a
           | procedure were 50-50%, I wouldn't take that risk.
           | 
           | You would accept guaranteed death to avoid a 50% chance of
           | brain death? That's not necessarily an inconsistent
           | preference, but it's a highly unusual one.
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | The poster's point would've made more sense, I think, if
             | they'd used "significant cognitive impairment" instead of
             | brain death.
             | 
             | Being left in a permanent state where I'd be conscious
             | enough to _want_ to die, but not be able to legally access
             | that option, is a scary thought. I 'd rather not live in a
             | nursing home bed for fifty years.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | Fortunately for your case, once people are bedridden,
               | they very rarely survive fifty years.
               | 
               | Our bodies don't work very well when they can't keep
               | moving.
        
             | coderaptor wrote:
             | Did you consider the impact on those responsible for your
             | long term care?
        
               | krisoft wrote:
               | Brain dead is dead. [1] There is no long term care. They
               | turn off the machines pumping air in your chest and
               | that's it.
               | 
               | I think you are confusing brain death with vegetative
               | state caused by severe brain damage.
               | 
               | 1: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/brain-death/
        
           | leereeves wrote:
           | I'm not a doctor either, but doesn't chemo have similarly
           | high risks of serious side effects? When the odds of death
           | are close to 100% otherwise, a treatment that improves those
           | odds to 50% doesn't sound so bad.
        
             | JohnBooty wrote:
             | My understanding is that hesitation to employ ECMO isn't
             | about the risk of failure.
             | 
             | It's not like chemo or dialysis where you can live some
             | kind of meaningful life while the treatment has an X%
             | chance of buying you Y years.
             | 
             | It's extremely labor intensive. Another commenter mentioned
             | 1:1 fulltime nurse care. If true, that means multiple
             | fulltime employees, working in shifts, per ECMO patient.
             | Given finite medical resources (doctors, nurses, beds, ECMO
             | machines) we would like to make sure we're employing this
             | only for patients who have a hope of recovering afterward.
             | 
             | In that sense it is similar to other "extreme measures"
             | like ventilators and so on. We can sometimes keep somebody
             | alive in a totally nonviable state for an extended amount
             | of time after heart and/or lung failure, but if there's
             | zero chance for recovery it just doesn't make sense from an
             | ethical or practical standpoint.
             | 
             | (edit - when I say "we" I mean society. not "we" as in "we
             | medical professionals." I am not a medical professional!)
        
               | jessriedel wrote:
               | > We can sometimes keep somebody alive in a totally
               | nonviable state for an extended amount of time after
               | heart and/or lung failure, but if there's zero chance for
               | recovery it just doesn't make sense from an ethical or
               | practical standpoint.
               | 
               | There are people on ECMO who have permanent heat and/or
               | lung failure but are conscious, comfortable, and do not
               | wish to have care withdrawn. In this case, it can
               | absolutely make sense to continue to support them even if
               | they have no hope of getting off the machine. The non-
               | trivial ethical question is what to do if the cost is
               | extremely high.
               | 
               | > Given finite medical resources (doctors, nurses, beds,
               | ECMO machines) we would like to make sure we're employing
               | this only for patients who have a hope of recovering
               | afterward.
               | 
               | Outside the short-term, we can always hire more nurses
               | and docs, and build more machines and hospital rooms. We
               | should not pretend that the amount of these are fixed in
               | order to justify withdrawing expensive but beneficial
               | care (other than in emergency situations). If we are
               | going to withdraw care because we just don't want to pay
               | for it given the size of the benefits, we should
               | acknowledge this explicitly.
        
               | JohnBooty wrote:
               | I'd love to know more about this infinite pipeline of
               | doctors and nurses you're referring to! Most coverage
               | I've read lately has been about healthcare workers
               | quitting in droves, so it's a relief to know that there
               | are actually no limitations here.                  If we
               | are going to withdraw care because we         just don't
               | want to pay for it given the size         of the
               | benefits, we should acknowledge this        explicitly.
               | 
               | I feel like the discussion is super explicit about this?
               | 
               | For nearly all situations, I would agree that nobody
               | should be suffering or dying because of a lack of
               | willingness or ability to provide or pay for medical
               | services.
               | 
               | But there are practical limits. There is a reason why we
               | don't all get weekly mammograms, prostate exams, and
               | dental checkups even though this would inarguably be the
               | most effective way to catch things early.
        
             | kingkawn wrote:
             | This is a serious decision, not just between 100% death and
             | 50%, but a significantly worse death for the other half of
             | people than the original certain one.
             | 
             | Take the final period of a person's life from them and
             | their family for a devastating treatment that doesn't help
             | and then see how simple of a choice it feels.
        
             | pnutjam wrote:
             | death and serious brain damage are not the same risk
        
         | kingkawn wrote:
         | The negative side effects are not to be taken lightly,
         | especially if they cause profound suffering prior to a
         | patient's death or severe lifelong morbidity for a survivor.
         | Yes, there are amazing uses of the technology, but the doctors
         | who refer to proper use are speaking from a place of having
         | seen the improper use.
        
         | cat_plus_plus wrote:
         | I think the right thing to do for the time being is to consider
         | prolonged use of ECMO as a research practice where not everyone
         | is accepted but those accepted taken care off as long as they
         | are conscious or have a decent chance of regaining
         | consciousness and making their own informed decision. Costs of
         | doing so are part of research budget that determines how many
         | patients can be included. Not providing care to everyone is
         | ethical so long as we don't know if the care is going to help
         | anyway.
         | 
         | In turn, research can determine - Exactly what kind of patients
         | are most likely to recover after prolonged use of current ECMO
         | machines - Potential ways to bring equipment and nursing costs
         | down while preserving most of effectiveness. - Ways to wean the
         | patient off intensive care long term.
         | 
         | For example, the very first genetically modified pig heart
         | transplant resulted in 2 months conscious survival. Even if
         | animal transplants never become a long term solution, they
         | could prove more cost and medically effective than ECMOs to buy
         | time for own organ recovery or a human transplant.
        
         | Fomite wrote:
         | A lot of my infection control colleagues are rightly terrified
         | of keeping people on ECMO or mechanical ventilation due to
         | infection risk, that are _extremely_ hard to treat.
         | 
         | This was especially acute during the early phase of the
         | pandemic, when the combination of the intensity of care COVID
         | patients required + the PPE shortage meant some compromises
         | that they'd really prefer not to make.
        
         | kxyvr wrote:
         | Outside of the other comments here, I would also suggest
         | considering the expected outcomes rather than just whether or
         | not someone will live and die. For example, if someone spends a
         | month on ECMO and the end result is that they're neurologically
         | devastated, require a feeding tube, tracheostomy, and get
         | discharged to an LTAC, was it worth it? If someone can never
         | have a conversation again, or hold they're children, or read a
         | book, was it worth it? If someone is likely to die, is it worth
         | it to break their ribs or cover them in their own blood and
         | fluid when they code? Given how sick someone is when they're
         | put on ECMO, these are all realistic and likely outcomes.
         | 
         | And, look, this is a value choice that families have to make,
         | but also one that most have not considered before getting sick
         | and don't really want to consider when they're thrown into that
         | situation. Physicians know about these likely outcomes, so it
         | affects their opinion about its use.
         | 
         | As a brief aside, if anyone does end up in this situation, it's
         | stressful and I'm sorry that you're going through this. Really.
         | If I could offer one unsolicited suggestion, it would be to
         | discuss the possible and likely outcomes with your physician,
         | beyond life and death, so that you can make an informed
         | decision that's best for your family.
        
           | vkou wrote:
           | Not to mention the costs.
           | 
           | Medical resources are limited, and in a country where we are
           | chronically under treating people, it makes no sense to
           | torture someone with an ECMO for a month, only for them to
           | 'recover' to the state mentioned above.
           | 
           | That money/medical effort could have been used to
           | save/significantly improve the lives of dozens of people,
           | instead of prolonging the death of one.
           | 
           | It all comes out of an insurance pool, it's not like people
           | are bearing ECMO costs out-of-pocket. It all comes out of the
           | same labour pool, when you've got your entire medical staff
           | put on hopeless cases, there are people who could be helped
           | who are being denied treatment.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | We are both chronically under treating some patients and
             | over treating others. Over treatment is a leading cause of
             | iatrogenic harm. Some providers default to aggressive
             | treatment whether due to a sincere belief that it's best
             | for the patient, or to satisfy patient requests, or to make
             | more money. But evidence based medicine guidelines indicate
             | that it's often best to do nothing beyond active monitoring
             | of the patient's condition.
             | 
             | https://dx.doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0181970
             | 
             | Ideally we should be allocating limited medical resources
             | based on formulas that maximize overall benefit as
             | quantified by quality-adjusted life years (QALY). But it's
             | politically difficult to set rational policies around
             | rationing care without triggering toxic disputes about
             | "death panels" and "killing grandma".
        
           | kurthr wrote:
           | To give some color. I haven't heard that marginal costs are
           | ~$5000/day, I have heard they are closer to $20k/day. Granted
           | other procedures were involved, but one ECMO stay was over
           | $12M for 4 months. That is closer to $100k/day.
           | 
           | How many other people could you save (even within the same
           | healthcare system) for that kind of money? These long tails
           | have huge impacts on insurance costs.
        
             | throwaway6734 wrote:
             | Yep that's insane. That's the same as giving 1,000 families
             | $1000 a month for the first year that their child is born.
             | Surely that would have a significantly larger positive
             | impact on society
        
           | conductr wrote:
           | No supporting data other than my decades working in
           | healthcare and having conversations with coworkers versus my
           | non healthcare working family/friends.
           | 
           | I'd say those in the medical community that have been more
           | exposed to what that altered reality looks like, tend to not
           | want it for themselves. That is to say, they'd rather expire.
           | They'd probably also use that info to inform choices they
           | made for loved ones in a similar situation.
           | 
           | The general population is very mixed but there seem to be
           | more folks on relative basis that would keep someone alive at
           | all costs or try anything to save them regardless of the
           | risk. I also think sometimes it just comes down to medical
           | professionals being able to come to grips with the reality of
           | the situation and make a hard decision when others default
           | choice is keep them alive /try anything.
           | 
           | Aside: I worked in a hospital from 18-25 and have basically
           | seen it all as my job had me in every department caring for
           | every patient and I notice when something crazy happens I
           | still have the ability to not be consumed with shock but
           | assist. I recently saw a pedestrian/auto accident and was on
           | foot myself. About 30 folks around saw it happen. Everyone
           | froze or turned away in disgust. I ran and basically took
           | control of the situation until EMTs arrived. This has
           | happened a few times in my life and I can't help but to
           | correlate it to my exposure to the hospital environment.
        
         | andi999 wrote:
         | Some countries do not perform hemicorporectomy, since they
         | think survival would not be worth it.
        
       | patchtopic wrote:
       | old Melbourne saying: "Is it the truth, or did you read it in the
       | Herald Sun?"..
       | 
       | like any Murdoch rag it sometimes might put out a news article to
       | keep up appearances, but there is usually a better source..
        
       | unwind wrote:
       | Completely unreadable for me due to three hovering ads, along
       | three edges of the screen. Easily the worst experience I can
       | remember seeing.
        
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