[HN Gopher] Ask HN: What happened to Twitter poison pill?
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       Ask HN: What happened to Twitter poison pill?
        
       Last week it was said that Twitter's directors will take a poison
       pill instead of selling Twitter to Elon Musk.  What caused the
       board to change the direction 180 and now closing the deal with
       Musk?  Can anyone shed a light on that, I didn't see anyone talking
       about this.
        
       Author : rukshn
       Score  : 130 points
       Date   : 2022-04-25 17:22 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
       | ttyp3 wrote:
       | I don't have to know, to know: $$$.
        
       | soneca wrote:
       | Poison pill can be used for price negotiation, not just blocking
       | an offer. Prevent hostile takeover and force the buyer into the
       | negotiation table. They are now in the negotiation table.
       | 
       | The rumor is that the offer to be accepted is the same, so it
       | wouldn't have worked as intended, but that doesn't mean it wasn't
       | worth trying.
        
         | lesam wrote:
         | Not quite the same - pre-pill, Musk did not have funding lined
         | up. Post pill, he produced written documents about how he was
         | going to fund the buyout, and had to promise to buy all the
         | shares, not just the first 51%.
        
       | xyzzy21 wrote:
       | The legality of a poison pill is defined by case law of of Unocal
       | vs. Mesa Petroleum.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unocal_Corp._v._Mesa_Petroleum....
       | 
       | Basically a company can ONLY create a poison pill IF and ONLY IF:
       | 
       | * the tactics of the party doing the hostile takeover are
       | "coercive"
       | 
       | * the hostile takeover will likely result in dissolution of the
       | company
       | 
       | Neither applies to Twitter in any serious sense. Musk's methods
       | are anything but coercive under the law per point #1. A change in
       | direction or operations is NOT legally the same as point #2.
       | 
       | Additionaly, board members are required under law to maximize
       | shareholder value under the rubrik of profit maximization (eBay
       | vs. Newmark) and public company board members can be PERSONALLY
       | legally liable for lost profits and punitive damages.
       | 
       | https://www.lexisnexis.com/community/casebrief/p/casebrief-e...
       | 
       | It's VERY LIKELY that the Twitter board was informed of these
       | cases (again, hopefully - these are legal fundamentals of being
       | on a corporate board you'd be stupid not to know ahead of time).
       | 
       | As a result the Twitter board appears to have "straightened up
       | and are flying right" in terms of law and potential legal
       | liability now.
       | 
       | Again: I'm utterly mystified that boards (especially in "Tech")
       | do not seem to know basic stuff like this and let companies run
       | riot in ways that puts both the board and executives at
       | tremendous personal legal and financial risk.
        
         | colinmhayes wrote:
         | I'm gonna go ahead and say this comment is misleading. The
         | board is obligated to make decisions that they believe in good
         | faith will maximize shareholder value. If they can come up with
         | a reasonable explanation for why twitter is worth more than
         | 54.20 (like it being worth 70 last year) they can go ahead and
         | decline the offer.
        
           | tptacek wrote:
           | Notably, from one of that post's own links:
           | 
           |  _A board can use the protection of a rights plan to respond
           | to an underpriced bid, counter the tender offeror 's timing
           | and informational advantages, and force the hostile acquirer
           | to negotiate with the board._
        
       | tptacek wrote:
       | Nobody knows yet why the board relented, but the scuttlebutt
       | seems to be that Twitter arranged an internal valuation once Musk
       | put a price on the company, presumably as justification for an
       | internal plan that they'd announce as their alternative to
       | acquisition, and the valuation actually showed Musk was
       | overpaying for the income Twitter was likely to generate.
       | 
       | (If the board hadn't relented, Musk's next step would have been
       | to arrange for a tender offer, which goes directly to the
       | shareholders, but _does not_ involved Musk acquiring new shares,
       | but rather just a _commitment_ to buy those shares if the board
       | drops the poison pill. Successfully getting that commitment would
       | be a very strong signal to the board, which would likely then
       | drop the shareholder rights plan and allow the acquisition to
       | proceed. But Twitter 's board skipped those steps.)
        
       | adenozine wrote:
       | For a startup-oriented discussion place, it's shocking how little
       | users know about how mergers/acquisitions/takeovers actually
       | occur in the market.
       | 
       | Don't they teach this stuff anymore? I had to learn this in
       | college, many years ago.
       | 
       | Of course, it was a little less likely for eccentric billionaires
       | to just "shop" in the market like this for ultra-large
       | corporations. Still. We at least knew how the processes worked.
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | You'd be surprised how many people active in the M&A market
         | don't know. For instance, I regularly get glazed over eyes when
         | I ask parties to sign a letter of non-reliance.
        
         | darth_aardvark wrote:
         | > I had to learn this in college, many years ago.
         | 
         | I majored in Computer Science and Physics. Which of these
         | disciplines would mergers and acquisitions have been in? Should
         | my algorithms class taught us about diluted stock and RSUs vs
         | ISOs? Does my quantum mechanics professor have a unit on
         | hostile takeovers?
        
           | st_goliath wrote:
           | I guess that'd be astrophysics: Two large piles of money
           | circling each other, causing distant ripples on the stock
           | market.
        
         | kasey_junk wrote:
         | Hostile takeovers were much more common in the past as well.
        
         | jenaimarre wrote:
         | We all have different backgrounds and different interests, you
         | know.
         | 
         | Maybe you can share your knowledge, so those of us who are not
         | dealing with mergers/acquisitions/takeovers can learn
         | something?
        
         | spiffytech wrote:
         | I took a microeconomics course and a macroeconomics course in
         | college. Mergers/acquisitions may have been mentioned briefly,
         | but they weren't a point of study. Microeconomics focused on
         | why individual entities make decisions, and macroeconomics
         | covered stuff like why we have currency, why is inflation
         | useful and how the Fed manages it, etc.
         | 
         | In my decade on HN I've seen a lot about funding, IPOs, and
         | acquisitions of private companies, but very little about
         | hostile takeover of public companies.
         | 
         | Where are you expecting people to have developed an incidental
         | background knowledge on deploying / overcoming poison pills?
        
       | qiskit wrote:
       | > What caused the board to change the direction 180 and now
       | closing the deal with Musk?
       | 
       | Enough of the large shareholders behind the scenes backed the
       | deal for whatever reason. Who, what and why? We'll never get the
       | real story. Not in any newspaper, blog or whatever. I'm sure
       | we'll get some fanciful stories, but that's all it'll be.
       | Fanciful stories.
       | 
       | The board of directors aren't the ones that have the final say.
       | It's the major shareholders. Usually, the major shareholders back
       | the board of directors because they are the ones who elect/hire
       | the board of directors. Somehow, Elon and his backers convinced
       | enough of the big boys to back him instead of the board of
       | directors. Simple as that. Maybe he offered them free a roadster,
       | starlink setup or a seat on a future spacex mission to mars. Who
       | knows. But elon outmaneuvered the board of directors somehow.
        
       | mabbo wrote:
       | During a hostile takeover, someone buys 51% of the shares. They
       | then elect a board of people who will approve whatever they want.
       | 
       | Then they can do things like 'merge' the company with some other
       | company they own at a board-approved value-per-share. That value
       | will be much lower than what they paid per share when buying it
       | on the open market, but not so low that the government gets
       | involved. Eg: Musk buys the shares at $50/share, and then
       | 'merges' the company at $25/share, effectively forcing 49% of the
       | shares to be sold at half price. Those shareholders get screwed
       | because they didn't sell their shares during the initial
       | takeover.
       | 
       | Edit: Or, just run the company however they want and share the
       | profits with the other 49%, but ignore their votes, etc.
       | 
       | The Poison Pill says "If a hostile takeover starts, we'll create
       | and sell new shares at a reduced price to existing shareholders-
       | other than the attacker- to prevent the 51% scenario". This is
       | done not to prevent any takeover, but in the interest of the 49%
       | of holdouts who would have been screwed over. It's an effective
       | block against the takeover.
       | 
       | The board represents ALL the shareholders, after all. They don't
       | want to see anyone get screwed.
       | 
       | But now Musk has made a deal that the board has approved. All
       | shareholders get a specific price that is approved. The board
       | wants this to happen, so there's no poison pill.
        
         | hammock wrote:
         | Your reply merely clarifies that this sale is not a hostile
         | takeover. It doesn't seem to answer the question, "What caused
         | the board to change the direction 180 and now closing the deal
         | with Musk?"
        
         | archon wrote:
         | I just wanted to thank you for this. This is the most succinct
         | and easy-to-understand-for-non-investors explanation of the
         | concept I've seen and now I think I finally understand it.
        
         | colonwqbang wrote:
         | > The board represents ALL the shareholders, after all.
         | 
         | This is the part I don't get. The person who bought 51% of
         | shares is also a shareholder. How come the board can
         | discriminate against a single owner like this, just taking away
         | their shares by force. Could they do it to any existing owner
         | if they wanted?
        
           | jdasdf wrote:
           | They are not discriminating. Elon can purchase the same
           | amount of stocks (proportionally) at the same price as every
           | other shareholder.
           | 
           | It's just that since the strike price is lower than the price
           | he is offering to buy the company at, other investors are
           | better off exercising their warrants and then selling to
           | elon.
        
           | xyzzy21 wrote:
           | If those who already own stock in the 49% sell, then someone
           | else can buy up to 49% even if the 51% holder never sells.
           | 
           | The amount of ownership can change for one already owning 51%
           | if the amount of stock issued changes - that changes the
           | denominator
           | 
           | Finally: there is proxy voting. Normally common stock holders
           | have 1 vote per share. However most votes are "proxy voted"
           | where you give your vote to someone else because "reasons" -
           | like you can't attend but an institutional investor seems to
           | represent your position so you proxy to that investor.
           | 
           | Via proxy voting, it's possible to push past 51% as a
           | minority shareholder.
           | 
           | Related to this, you can create an informal alliance with an
           | institutional investor owning a larger share in the same
           | company. This appears to be how Musk "borrowed" the money for
           | his takeover - the money came from a large institutional
           | investor that makes money on both ends: interest paid on the
           | loan plus the promise of higher returns on Twitter stock.
           | That's what's called a "can't lose investment" that no
           | ideology can beat.
           | 
           | Of course, the Twitter board famously owns no significant
           | amount of stock which is problematic but reality - this means
           | they have ZERO skin in the game so are more likely to shirk
           | (or risk to shirk) their legal obligations for fiduciary
           | responsibilities. They apparently got a legal wake up call
           | over the weekend about this however.
        
           | egeozcan wrote:
           | As I understand, this happens before anyone acquires 51
           | percent.
        
             | majkinetor wrote:
             | Is it possible to acquire up to 51% in atomic move, so
             | there is no fade in that would make poisoning option too
             | late ?
        
               | mrkstu wrote:
               | This is the kind of thing the 15% disclosure rule is
               | designed to prevent.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | No.
        
               | rcoc wrote:
               | It would require a number of transactions as there is no
               | single other shareholder that owns 51% in this case. So
               | you can do a large number of transactions in a short
               | window, which would cause the price to skyrocket.
               | Additionally, there are disclosure requirements in place
               | once a single shareholder reaches 5%+ ownership. Once the
               | word gets out, everyone else starts buying.
        
           | jollybean wrote:
           | The poison pill is to make it so that the person can't ever
           | get 51% because it's not good for everyone else.
           | 
           | The 'short answer' to the question of 'why no poison pill' is
           | simply because the Board reached some kind of agreement with
           | Musk.
           | 
           | I like Musk when he's in his lane, I don't see any good
           | coming from this.
           | 
           | Everyone is nuts to talk about 'shareholders' - who cares? As
           | a 'consumer' - I want a good service and cheap (i.e. free)
           | with no ads. I have zero interest in 'shareholders' of a
           | company I'm not a shareholder in, other than legal
           | protections.
           | 
           | Caring about 'shareholder value' while not a shareholder, is
           | like caring about some rich guys bank account - when often
           | it's a zero sum game.
           | 
           | Every dollar in an investors pocket should be a dollar on
           | your pocket in term of reduced price etc..
           | 
           | So aside from some things he may be able to do t bring the
           | share price up ... I'm wary that much at all will actually
           | benefit Twitter, and he could ruin it.
           | 
           | I don't personally care about it, but it's an important media
           | tool - it's how a lot of information gets out.
        
           | emeraldd wrote:
           | They aren't taking away anything, they would be diluting the
           | 51% shareholder's shares. They're giving themselves the
           | option to fend off a hostile take over by making the pool
           | bigger so that no one can get to 51% ownership.
        
             | colonwqbang wrote:
             | Sure, I accept that it's legal in the US. It just seems
             | strange that there isn't some rule saying that the board
             | has to treat shareholders more or less equally. Since the
             | board is elected by the shareholder votes it seems weird
             | that they can just redistribute voting power at will.
             | 
             | What if there was some minority shareholder that the other
             | owners disliked for some reason, could they force them out
             | too? Or this power is restricted to particular
             | circumstances?
        
               | jdasdf wrote:
               | They are treating them equally. Elon has just as much of
               | a right to purchase those shares at the same price as any
               | other shareholder.
        
               | SilasX wrote:
               | >It just seems strange that there isn't some rule saying
               | that the board has to treat shareholders more or less
               | equally.
               | 
               | AIUI, there is such a rule, and, FWIW, that's why I found
               | the OP's explanation[1] somewhat dubious. Deliberately
               | sabotaging the corporation for the benefit of another one
               | that the 51%er owns ... seems like the kind of thing that
               | the courts would strike down.
               | 
               | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31160874
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | Poison pills have been settled law in the US for decades.
        
           | tptacek wrote:
           | Shareholders are discriminated against all the time;
           | companies have "preferred" and "common" shareholders.
           | Meanwhile: nobody is _actually_ discriminated against,
           | because it 's economically irrational to buy more than the
           | shareholder rights plan trigger; from some light reading, it
           | looks like no poison pill has ever been triggered (the whole
           | point of the poison pill plan is to prevent that from
           | happening).
        
             | jmaygarden wrote:
             | As far as I know, the only instance of a poison pill being
             | triggered was Versata Enterprises, Inc. in December 2008.
             | 
             | TL;DR: A competitor (Selectica, Inc.)--wishing to purchase
             | Versata--bought over 5% of the shares. The IRS considers
             | this an ownership change, and it imposes a penalty to
             | discourage trading of Net Operating Loss (NOL) carryovers.
             | A poison pill was in place to prevent this tax issue. The
             | board executed the poison pill to dilute Selectica
             | ownership from 6.4% to 3.9%, and that action held up
             | through appeal to the Delaware Supreme Court.
             | 
             | https://www.lw.com/upload/pubcontent/_pdf/pub2563_1.pdf
        
       | Vladimof wrote:
       | Twitter's board didn't know what it meant...
        
       | joecot wrote:
       | The Poison Pill plan was from the Board, to stop Musk from
       | following through with a hostile takeover. But Elon reportedly
       | convinced numerous large shareholders of his plan[1]. Even if the
       | Board isn't a fan of it, the Board of a publicly traded company
       | is ultimately beholden to their shareholders, so if the
       | shareholders are convinced, they need to consider it.
       | 
       | 1. https://www.reuters.com/business/exclusive-twitter-under-
       | sha...
        
       | JumpCrisscross wrote:
       | Matt Levine:
       | 
       | The poison pill left "Musk two main options. One is to negotiate
       | with Twitter's board and try to strike a friendly deal. This
       | might be hard because the board probably wants more money than
       | Musk is willing to pay, and also because there seem to be
       | strategic and personal disagreements between Musk and the board
       | that might make friendly negotiations difficult. 'I am not
       | playing the back-and-forth game,' Musk said in his initial
       | proposal; 'I have moved straight to the end.' That's an annoying
       | way to start negotiations.
       | 
       | His other option is to pressure the board into dropping the pill,
       | and the classic way to do that is with a tender offer plus a
       | proxy fight, as we discussed yesterday:
       | 
       | 1. Musk can launch a tender offer to buy all of Twitter's stock
       | for $54.20 in cash. (Or, of course, some higher number.) The
       | tender offer is a public, binding document filed with the SEC,
       | open to all shareholders, and it will be full of disclosures
       | about his plans and, in particular, his financing. Shareholders
       | will be able to read it and see if he has the money. If it looks
       | like he does, then they will be able to decide if $54.20 is a
       | good enough price. If they think it is, they will be able to
       | tender into his offer, submitting their shares for purchase. He
       | won't be able to buy them, though, because of the poison pill;
       | the tender offer will be contingent on getting rid of the pill.
       | But if like 90% of shareholders tender into his offer, then that
       | is an important public-relations victory; he can go to the board
       | and say "your shareholders want this deal, let them take it." And
       | then the board might agree and get rid of the pill, and then the
       | tender offer can close and he can buy the shares.
       | 
       | 2. Meanwhile, he can also try to get shareholders to vote their
       | shares in a way that gets rid of the pill. Classically, the way
       | to do this is to run a proxy fight to kick out the existing
       | directors and replace them with Musk's chosen directors, who
       | would get rid of the pill and let him close his deal. Musk can't
       | really do that here, because of Twitter's corporate structure,
       | but he can run some sort of informal symbolic proxy fight where
       | he urges Twitter's shareholders to vote against the directors who
       | are up for election in May, or where he urges them to vote to
       | declassify Twitter's board so it's easier to kick the directors
       | out in the future. If 90% of shareholders vote with him for these
       | things, that's another sign to the board that the shareholders
       | want his deal and should be allowed to take it.
       | 
       | These things do not work automatically; even if 90% of
       | shareholders tendered into Musk's offer and voted with him at the
       | annual meeting, the board could still tell him to buzz off. It
       | could easily do that if it found another bidder willing to pay a
       | higher price, but it could also legally do that even without a
       | higher bid; the law tends to defer to the board's business
       | judgment about whether or not to accept a merger offer. But most
       | of the time directors care about what their shareholders think,
       | and if all the shareholders want Musk's $54.20 then it's
       | embarrassing for the board not to give it to them." [1]
       | 
       | TL; DR The poison pill forces Musk to negotiate with the Board.
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2022-04-20/elon-c...
        
       | wskinner wrote:
       | Matt Levine has been talking about this in most of his recent
       | newsletters. Today's includes a play by play overview of the
       | recent moves by Musk and the board along with explanation of why
       | these steps happen the way they do:
       | https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2022-04-25/elon-c...
        
       | fancyfredbot wrote:
       | What changed is that Elon Musk secured funding, making his offer
       | much more credible and forcing the board to reconsider. The
       | poison pill is still there for now but the board can remove it as
       | easily as they added it.
        
       | gzer0 wrote:
       | What caused the board to change course was that Elon Musk filed
       | with the SEC showcasing that he actually has $46 billion in
       | funding secured, via an amended 13D filing [1].
       | 
       | This led Twitter's board to take his offer more seriously and
       | many shareholders to ask the company not to let the opportunity
       | for a deal slip away [2].
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1418091/000110465922...
       | 
       | [2] https://www.reuters.com/technology/exclusive-twitter-set-
       | acc...
        
         | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
         | I mean, you have to respect Elon's consistency, if not the
         | substance - "funding secured" filing to the SEC on 04/20 for an
         | offer at $54.20.
        
           | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
           | It's amazing. You have to think that $54.20 is a number that
           | Musk insisted on just for a prank. Do we seriously believe
           | that the deal wouldn't have been done at a round $54? If you
           | think it could, that's Musk overspending by >$150M in order
           | to make a pot joke.
        
       | AnimalMuppet wrote:
       | I have a very cynical take on this. Assume that the board members
       | are acting for the board members, no one else.
       | 
       | If Elon buys Twitter, what happens to the board? Well, he can
       | fire them all. They may prefer to remain board members, with the
       | money and power that comes from that. So the poison pill, while
       | it may be offered in the name of "protecting" the existing
       | shareholders, is really a way for the existing board to remain in
       | power.
       | 
       | But that won't work if the offer is good enough that the existing
       | shareholders want to take it. Then the poison pill becomes
       | something the shareholders don't like, because it prevented them
       | from doing what they want. Depending on how badly the existing
       | shareholders wanted the offer, the board may not remain in power
       | that way either.
       | 
       | Note well: There may be details in the way all this went down
       | that don't fit in my cynical little narrative. But absent
       | knowledge of those details, this is my suspicion of what's really
       | driving the poison pill.
        
         | ipaddr wrote:
         | https://investor.twitterinc.com/corporate-governance/board-o...
         | 
         | The board includes karaoke maker, computer professor and a
         | salesforce co coo. You might be on to something, I doubt many
         | characters will find themselves on such a high profile board in
         | the future.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | dtagames wrote:
       | Having zero knowledge of it, I would say that, since a poison
       | pill is merely an _option_ for existing shareholders to buy more
       | shares, if they don 't get enough takers for that option, then
       | there's no news to print and no offer to compete with Elon's.
        
       | MrBuddyCasino wrote:
       | David Sacks' take on this (thread):
       | 
       | ,,Things that must be true if Twitter's board is ready to accept
       | @elonmusk's offer:
       | 
       | 1) they did a soft market check and there were no other bidders.
       | 
       | 2) @Jack is on board.
       | 
       | 3) the pressure campaign worked." (cont.)
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/davidsacks/status/1518623080557342720?s=...
        
       | colechristensen wrote:
       | The poison pill was intended to prevent a takeover without the
       | board's approval (buying 51% on the open market)
       | 
       | The board is negotiating an approved takeover which is entirely
       | different
       | 
       | I.e. the board was saying "you can only buy Twitter if we say so"
       | 
       | There was no reversal of intentions
        
         | qiskit wrote:
         | This is simply wrong. The board outright rejected musk's offer
         | and instituted a poison pill to prevent a hostile takeover of
         | twitter by musk. So elon simply bypassed the board of directors
         | and went to the major shareholders. It is the major
         | shareholders who has final say, not the board of directors.
         | Elon convinced enough of the major shareholders to accept his
         | deal and once that happened, the board of directors has no real
         | say. They have to do what the major shareholders say since the
         | major shareholders are the ones who hire and fire the board of
         | directors.
         | 
         | > I.e. the board was saying "you can only buy Twitter if we say
         | so"
         | 
         | The board say "you can't buy twitter". So elon just talked to
         | the board's bosses ( major shareholders ) and the board's
         | bosses said "elon can buy twitter".
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | jszymborski wrote:
         | Does anyone know if the terms were made more favourable to
         | Twitter since the adoption of the Poison Pill?
        
           | csa wrote:
           | According to Matt Levine's column today, the poison pill may
           | have just been a tactical move to guarantee time for
           | negotiations while preventing the possibility of a hostile
           | takeover (a potential BATNA for Musk).
           | 
           | This seems to be what happened.
        
           | thaumasiotes wrote:
           | The price is the same. Matt Levine's coverage so far has
           | implied that the effect of the poison pill was to force Musk
           | to be more concrete and less hypothetical, which happened.
        
           | delecti wrote:
           | I think that, as far as the public is aware, there weren't
           | terms prior to the adoption of the poison pill. Musk bought a
           | bunch of shares, and was looking to buy more. The poison pill
           | was the board preemptively saying "we see what you're doing,
           | and you have to go through us to accomplish it".
        
           | warning26 wrote:
           | The key change was that funding is now secured; the initial
           | bid was _contingent_ on securing funding.
        
       | incomingpain wrote:
       | The poison pill says elon cant buy more but current shareholders
       | can buy more at a discount relative to the stock market.
       | Basically Elon was just going to shell out slightly more money or
       | fail and everyone who didn't buy is screwed.
       | 
       | It however takes shareholders to want to buy more. Twitter is
       | quite undefended. Poison pill was never going to be effective in
       | any major way. At most they were going to delay the inevitable
       | here.
       | 
       | The media coverage of the poison pill was pretty bad, this was
       | not going to be effective at stopping anything. The bigger news
       | is why is Twitter so undefended. It makes sense from Jack
       | Dorsey's pov, he was backing off. However even a saudi prince
       | incorrectly believed he still owned twitter stock. It's super
       | unusual for a S&P500 company to be so undefended.
       | 
       | Yet worse, something that I have never seen happen, there are a
       | ton of S&P500 companies that are undefended. This isn't true in
       | other country indexes. What made the US stock market so
       | offensive? I checked all my US holdings and somehow each of them
       | are healthy with the only exception being Tyson. The stock market
       | is going to blow up?
       | 
       | DOW is down -7% YTD. S&P500 is down -11% YTD. With inflation at
       | 8.5%, those are down alot.
        
         | formerkrogemp wrote:
         | What do you mean "undefended?" A drop-in stock price?
        
         | flutas wrote:
         | > However even a saudi prince incorrectly believed he still
         | owned twitter stock.
         | 
         | Wait, did I miss something on this? Last I had seen he still
         | owned the stock but rejected Musk's offer.
        
           | logifail wrote:
           | > Last I had seen he still owned the stock but rejected
           | Musk's offer.
           | 
           | Musk did ask him a) how much stock the Kingdom owned, and b)
           | their views on freedom of speech[0]
           | 
           | I didn't see a reply :)
           | 
           | [0] https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1514683079968931841
        
             | JaimeThompson wrote:
             | Musk doesn't care what the Kingdom does, he is just
             | trolling.
        
           | incomingpain wrote:
           | https://twitter.com/Kaitain_US/status/1514645842463891463/ph.
           | ..
           | 
           | https://twitter.com/zerohedge/status/1514747126210863108
           | 
           | He sold his shares in 2018.
           | 
           | What do you think made him sell in 2018 but still think he
           | owned stock?
        
       | nell wrote:
       | If they did the poison pill they have to show strong results to
       | prove that the company is more valuable than the offer and that
       | they are better shepherds of the company. If Twitter announced
       | weak results in the upcoming earnings call in these market
       | conditions, their stock would fall hard. If his bid were to be
       | rejected, Elon would sell his 9% stake which would be another
       | blow. The current board can't survive this. They will be sued for
       | not performing their fiduciary duty.
        
       | uf00lme wrote:
       | Like everything in finance, simply talking or threatening
       | something is enough to make it real. The actual pill or action is
       | rarely ever wanted or needed, it's like the meta verse of
       | bluffing.
        
       | bin_bash wrote:
       | The poison pill would only take effect if someone purchased >15%
       | of shares on the _open_ market--going around the board. Elon made
       | an offer to the board directly which they can accept without
       | triggering the poison pill.
        
       | afavour wrote:
       | My read on it is that the shareholders didn't want Musk
       | controlling the company (owning 51%) and dragging them along with
       | him. Being the absurdly rich person he is, he'd likely not care
       | too much about how service changes would affect the stock price.
       | 
       | However they _are_ quite happy to let Musk buy all of them out
       | (owning 100%) at a reasonable price then let him do whatever
       | marketshare-tanking moves he wishes. They don't actually care
       | about the fate of the company, they just don't want to lose
       | money.
        
         | bpodgursky wrote:
         | The board actually held a pretty minimal % of the company, I
         | would not read anything into the average shareholder's view
         | from the board's position.
         | 
         | Elon's next move was a tender offer which put the issue in
         | front of shareholders for an up/down vote on a full buyout,
         | which would sidestep any board poison pil.
        
         | vimy wrote:
         | But owning 100 % was Musk's offer all along.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | paxys wrote:
           | There was nothing stopping him from increasing his share
           | while the board was deliberating. He could have used that
           | tactic to increase pressure. The poison pill clause meant
           | that the board was free to take whatever decision they wanted
           | in the timeframe they deemed fit.
        
           | taubek wrote:
           | Yes, this has also confused me. What is so different now than
           | 10 days ago?
        
             | lumost wrote:
             | Musk could have screwed the other shareholders by buying
             | 51% and leaving it at that.
             | 
             | Hostile takeovers haven't been common for a while, and so
             | twitter was unprepared when one started.
        
               | johnobrien1010 wrote:
               | Good analysis from Matt Levine for those who are interest
               | ed:https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/authors/ARbTQlRLRjE/
               | matthe...
        
             | barelysapient wrote:
             | Musk's offer 10 days ago didn't have financing secured.
             | Today's offer does.
        
             | nwsm wrote:
             | Nothing is different. This is not a hostile takeover
        
               | stouset wrote:
               | ... any more.
        
           | KingMachiavelli wrote:
           | Leaving the option of gaining control via 51% hostile
           | takeover would essentially be a ~50% discount for Elon. If
           | your goal is to sell at the highest price you don't want to
           | count on someones word or intentions.
           | 
           | Plus even if Elon really wants all 100% for _reasons_ , the
           | bank providing funding would certainly want him to consider
           | any cheaper options since it's (nearly) the same gain for
           | them but less risk to finance buying 51% vs 100%.
        
       | paulpauper wrote:
       | Nothing is ever set in stone. He had the money and $43 billion is
       | too enticing to pass up given that the stock has done nothing
       | since the IPO.
        
         | techdragon wrote:
         | Critically, the price didn't even shift that much given his
         | takeover offer... which is just nuts. If someone offers to buy
         | all the stock and it doesn't shift up to at least close to the
         | offering price, then something is wrong with either public
         | perception of the company or the entire stock market.
         | 
         | It eventually drifted up, but you see other companies where a
         | hostile takeover offer is cause to halt trading due to how fast
         | the price spikes.... Which did not happen for Twitter. Twitter
         | is not a "blue chip" stock which people expect stability from,
         | perhaps even a _gasp_ dividend... but nope, it's a tech stock
         | with none of that... yet is weirdly stable. That's screams
         | "complacency" to me and complacency is fertile ground for
         | business, either by outside forces via hostile takeover and new
         | management or a new disruption from a new market entrance.
         | Given the network effect pressure it's obvious that hostile
         | takeover looks, at least from a "running the business"
         | perspective, to be an obvious move.
         | 
         | Like many business decisions it just looks to me like "who will
         | gamble on a bet this big"... and these days it's individual
         | billionaires who can afford to make bets like this. It's a
         | second golden age of capitalism, and I'm looking forward to the
         | next Great Depression and the much needed cultural rest wth
         | respect to assholes with too much money.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _If someone offers to buy all the stock and it doesn't
           | shift up to at least close to the offering price, then
           | something is wrong with either public perception of the
           | company or the entire stock market_
           | 
           | There were doubts about the bid. Musk had no financing. Now
           | he has financing. The market has moved.
           | 
           | If he'd come back last week with a "tee hee jk" tweet about
           | buying Twitter, everyone would have taken it in stride and
           | then mocked those who bought the rumour to get run over by
           | the news.
        
           | tyrfing wrote:
           | > If someone offers to buy all the stock and it doesn't shift
           | up to at least close to the offering price, then something is
           | wrong with either public perception of the company or the
           | entire stock market.
           | 
           | No, it's a reflection of uncertainty over whether it will
           | happen. Present value is not the offer price, since it's not
           | guaranteed, and also accounts for the time for the deal to
           | close - $54 in a year isn't worth $54 today. Regulatory risk
           | isn't a big deal here, but is elsewhere, like ATVI trading at
           | a significant discount to MSFT's offer.
           | 
           | TWTR is up significantly today since there's a binding deal
           | now.
        
           | gscott wrote:
           | They might not want to end up like Yahoo where there was an
           | offer not accepted then the stock just went down and down
           | from there. With the near certain recession coming the board
           | would be on the hot seat hoping that the stock price would
           | eventually go back up while Elon would be nagging them from
           | the sidelines the entire time.
        
       | TrispusAttucks wrote:
       | I assumed that the board did't want to end up in court for
       | breaching their fiduciary duty [1]. But that could just be spin.
       | 
       | [1] https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1514718700674306052
        
       | abfan1127 wrote:
       | can someone explain why you'd spend $210/share rather than just
       | buy on the open market at ~$50/share now? Are the $210 shares
       | better in some way? Why would the $210 price double?
        
         | ada1981 wrote:
         | Who is buying shares at $210?
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | It's a bit confusing; it's not $210 a share, but that was the
           | exercise price for the poison pill bonus shares.
           | 
           | https://twitter.com/matt_levine/status/1516047634812833799
        
             | abfan1127 wrote:
             | so if they buy it at $210, but can sell it at $420? who
             | buys it at $420? Twitter?
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | They would've had the right to purchase $420 worth of
               | stock for $210.
               | 
               | Functionally, a stock split for everyone but Musk. Hence,
               | poison pill.
        
       | basisword wrote:
       | >> What caused the board to change the direction 180 and now
       | closing the deal with Musk?
       | 
       | He secured financing for the deal.
        
         | pclmulqdq wrote:
         | "Funding secured"
         | 
         | They also probably wanted to buy time for a counter-offer to
         | show up at a higher price.
        
       | HWR_14 wrote:
       | The poison pill is the name of a corporate strategy that prevents
       | Elon from just buying 50% of the shares in the stock market and
       | doing whatever he wants. It doesn't mean the same thing as the
       | board saying they would rather swallow poison than deal with
       | Musk.
       | 
       | Therefore, the board engaging with his bid to buy twitter, and
       | the two of them only negotiating that way, was the goal. So it's
       | not a 180.
       | 
       | The board was originally hesitant to engage because even Elon
       | Musk could have a lot of trouble raising $44 billion in cash.
       | They didn't want to agree to a deal that didn't go through (like
       | trying to buy a house without cash or preapproval). He seems to
       | have secured loans to actually pay for Twitter, so now they are
       | seriously engaging.
        
         | xiphias2 wrote:
         | I think it was more than just they didn't believe Elon had
         | trouble raising the cash. They liked being in control of
         | Twitter and getting easy money as board members, and didn't
         | realise that they can get personally liable for billions of
         | dollars of loss for shareholders and go to court for years if
         | they don't at least consider the offer and seriously evaluate
         | whether the offer is worth taking for Twitter shareholders or
         | not.
        
           | peterbonney wrote:
           | > didn't realise that they can get personally liable for
           | billions of dollars of loss for shareholders and go to court
           | for years if they don't at least consider the offer
           | 
           | It is ludicrous to believe that, even if this were true
           | BEFORE the Musk bid came in, they were not consulting with
           | corporate counsel AFTER and in conjunction with issuing the
           | poison pill.
           | 
           | As others have said, it is frequently used as a negotiating
           | tactic and will usually pop up somewhere along the way in any
           | unsolicited takeover situation. Just like the simple act of
           | saying "no" is often a negotiating tactic and not a true
           | statement of someone's unwavering intent.
        
       | axg11 wrote:
       | The poison pill provision and Elon's takeover are not mutually
       | exclusive. It's in the board's best interest to gain maximum
       | leverage over Elon. A poison pill puts the board in a better
       | negotiating position in discussions with Elon allowing them to
       | get better terms. Once terms are agreed they are free to repeal
       | the poison pill.
        
         | verdverm wrote:
         | Elon submitted his final terms, there won't be negotiations,
         | based on current public statements. As noted by others, the
         | poison pill is not even in actual effect.
        
           | emmp wrote:
           | Well, 1) He publicly claimed it was his final terms, but
           | there is no reason a board should not at least try to use any
           | leverage they have to try to interrogate that claim.
           | 
           | 2) The valuation is not the only thing the board and Musk
           | need to agree to. There are break up terms, ability to accept
           | a higher offer if one materializes, liability in case of
           | funding breakdowns, antitrust assurances, etc etc. So again,
           | any leverage is useful.
        
       | UmYeahNo wrote:
       | My understanding was that the poison pill would not kick in until
       | someone owned 15% of the common shares[0]. Musk owns less than
       | that, so the poison pill has not activated. However, Musk claims
       | to have funding for an offer such that he did not need to buy the
       | shares to reach 15%, instead he just said, I want to buy them all
       | -- everything for $46.5B.
       | 
       | [0] https://www.cnbc.com/2022/04/15/twitter-board-adopts-
       | poison-...
        
       | esotericimpl wrote:
       | The poison pill can be used by the board of directors in case of
       | a "hostile" takeover of the company.
       | 
       | In the case of a non "hostile" takeover, meaning the board
       | approves the takeover price there is no poison pill to be used.
        
       | eurasiantiger wrote:
       | The idea of the "poison pill" is to make it possible for board
       | members to strenghten their ownership by issuing new shares to
       | existing owners with a discount in the event that one single
       | outside entity buys a significant portion of the shares.
       | 
       | It is artificial dilution, which in practice makes it possible
       | for the board to cause heavy short-term losses to anyone
       | attempting a hostile takeover: the market reaction to dilution is
       | predictably a lowering of the going price of the stock unless the
       | news comes with significant and credible hype about future
       | profits.
       | 
       | The risk of this happening is what is thought to stave off the
       | takeover.
        
         | shadowgovt wrote:
         | In essence.
         | 
         | The thing to keep in mind in all of this is none of this was
         | _ever_ about what 's best for the users (current ownership vs.
         | new ownership). It was always about whether the existing owners
         | would get screwed in the takeover. User welfare barely enters
         | into the story.
         | 
         | This is France and Germany hammering out the details of who
         | owns Alsace-Lorraine; Twitter users themselves are just Alsace-
         | Lorraine peasant-farmers.
        
         | anamax wrote:
         | > make it possible for board members to strengthen their
         | ownership by issuing new shares to existing owners
         | 
         | This poison pill does not strengthen Twitter board members'
         | ownership because they don't own much Twitter stock.
        
           | phendrenad2 wrote:
           | Seems like it's a standard practice, and the news just
           | overhyped the whole thing.
        
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