[HN Gopher] Silicon Zoo: Tiny artwork on CPU dies
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       Silicon Zoo: Tiny artwork on CPU dies
        
       Author : michaelt
       Score  : 171 points
       Date   : 2022-04-22 11:44 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (micro.magnet.fsu.edu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (micro.magnet.fsu.edu)
        
       | tverbeure wrote:
       | Second story!
       | 
       | A former manager used to work for the Vax silicon team. For the
       | youngster: the Vax was a very popular mini computer in the
       | eighties. It was also copied by the evil communists on the other
       | side of the iron curtain.
       | 
       | So the engineers put a message on the die, in Cyrillic: "Vax,
       | when you care enough to steal the very best."
       | 
       | When they found out about it, management wasn't totally happy
       | about it, but it didn't go any further than "do don't this
       | again."
       | 
       | https://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/creatures/pages/russians.html
        
       | tverbeure wrote:
       | Story time!
       | 
       | 28 years ago, I worked for Mietec, a company that had a fab that
       | is now owned by OnSemi.
       | 
       | The mask preparation team told me the following:
       | 
       | One time they received the GDS2 file with the mask layers (that's
       | the golden file that gets created when you do a tape-out) from a
       | customer, did their usual preparation and design rule checks, and
       | sent it to the mask maker.
       | 
       | A few days later, they received an email stating that they
       | couldn't process the file due to "the presence of twitty birds
       | and Christmas trees." And, indeed, upon closer inspection, the
       | design contained these elements.
       | 
       | However the metal vias to make those images were only on one
       | layer, and not connected to others.
       | 
       | The resulting issue was one of "floating vias". (That's the exact
       | wording that I remember all these years later, but Google doesn't
       | turn up anything.) For some reason, these unconnected vias
       | couldn't be held in place during some steps of either the mask
       | masking process or the actual silicon production step, and that's
       | why the mask maker rejected it.
       | 
       | A new guideline was issued by my company that designs should not
       | have these kind of graphic elements and logos to avoid wasting
       | engineering resources on something frivolous.
       | 
       | What I don't understand is why this issue wasn't detected during
       | design rule checking at the customer's site or at our mask making
       | preparation stage. But that's a different story.
       | 
       | Either way: I've worked on a lot of chips and for a bunch of
       | different companies, and I'm not aware of there being any
       | graphical elements in them either. Masks were moderately
       | expensive 28 years ago (something like $25k), they're insanely
       | expensive today (millions.) You don't want to risk anything...
        
         | jjoonathan wrote:
         | I've been out of touch for a while -- what's the driving factor
         | in mask expense these days? Time in the mask writer? Something
         | about only being able to pack so many simultaneous electron
         | beams next to each other before they fuzz out?
        
           | stormbrew wrote:
           | It's really wild to me that there isn't a market out there
           | for smaller chip manufacturers at larger feature scales to
           | still do production orders in that price range or cheaper
           | even. Or, if there are, they're hard to find and get access
           | to.
           | 
           | Lots of chips in use today are still not anywhere near the
           | tiny end of the scale, and they're clearly still being
           | manufactured somewhere, but it's like economies of scale have
           | somehow worked against price in IC manufacturing in some ways
           | (but obviously not others: per-feature-count is obviously
           | much more cost effective now).
        
           | tverbeure wrote:
           | I can't offer you any more insights other than "it's
           | expensive to make things that are just a few nanometer in
           | size..."
        
           | jecel wrote:
           | Just adding processing steps requires more masks. Moving from
           | visible light to smaller wavelengths requires more and more
           | sophisticated materials for the masks with smaller and
           | smaller imperfections.
           | 
           | To push a technology like DUV (deep ultra violet) further and
           | further requires multi-patterning, which means several masks
           | for a single processing step.
           | 
           | For EUV (extreme ultra violet) no material is transparent so
           | the masks are actually mirrors. With 40 alternating silicon
           | and molybdenum layers, each the exact thickness to match the
           | 13.5nm wavelength, you can reflect enough of the EUV beam to
           | get the job done. Making such a mask is a lot more expensive
           | than one that is basically a glass photographic plate.
           | 
           | The time to actually write a mask has gone up by a large
           | factor, as you mentioned.
           | 
           | The combination of all the factors increases the cost of the
           | masks from a few thousand dollars for 1970s technology to
           | many millions today.
        
       | gitgud wrote:
       | This resolution must be orders of magnitudes better now, maybe
       | they're just harder to find...
        
         | timw4mail wrote:
         | I think there's just less room for extra stuff on a die.
        
           | michaelt wrote:
           | We fit more stuff on dies than ever before - If a
           | ThreadRipper has space for 64 cores and 256 MB of L3 cache,
           | it has room for a microscopic picture of a bird.
        
             | timw4mail wrote:
             | You are kind of proving my point: room for artwork can't be
             | at the expense of the stuff that actually does work.
        
           | jaguar1878 wrote:
           | I think it has more to do with design rules for metal layers.
           | Between the rules for: min area, max area, min density, max
           | density, and density gradient it can be tough to get artwork
           | to be manufacturable, even if you have the space for it. No
           | one wants to risk poor yields because of the art.
        
       | Linda703 wrote:
        
       | boredumb wrote:
       | RIP
        
       | sibrahim wrote:
       | Sometimes these are officially sanctioned and even required! Most
       | notably, including logos/other embellishments are a form of "trap
       | street" where the idea is to have something to point to that
       | trivially proves someone is using your mask design if it comes to
       | it.
        
       | spijdar wrote:
       | Are there any recent examples of chip art like this? I'm not
       | seeing anything from the 2000s or 2010s, and it's a little sad to
       | think it died out.
        
         | Pathogen-David wrote:
         | The RP2040 released last year has a little Raspberry Pi logo
         | https://blog.adafruit.com/2021/01/29/die-shots-of-the-raspbe...
        
         | ranma42 wrote:
         | I know of at least one GDDR5 memory chip that should have chip
         | art of a snake on the die.
        
         | boothby wrote:
         | Sadly, the chip art I'm responsible for is not public. But
         | yeah, folks still do this.
        
       | verdverm wrote:
       | When I worked at an IBM Fab, I remember seeing these during
       | inspection under the 1000000x microscope. There were many, I
       | wondered if each engineer had their own they'd embed.
       | 
       | Both were impressive!
        
       | timw4mail wrote:
       | Now I want to know if there is artwork corresponding to CPU code
       | names: Bulldozer and Piledriver, while not the best performing
       | chips, certainly have a clear visual image to their names.
        
         | rjsw wrote:
         | Intel could just do a map of the location of each code name
         | within the outline of whichever state it is from.
        
       | mauriciolange wrote:
       | My first thought was that the site has died (gone off-line)
        
         | zarzavat wrote:
         | Title is a Garden path sentence
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garden-path_sentence
        
           | ismaildonmez wrote:
           | You have the best nick ever, hats off
        
           | victorbstan wrote:
           | Learned something today.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | Wildgoose wrote:
           | I'm fascinated by your comment because I mentally parsed it
           | correctly from the start. I presume you hadn't heard of a CPU
           | die before? I'm not sure how else this could be misunderstood
           | on an initial read.
        
             | mauriciolange wrote:
             | I am well aware of CPU dies. But as I wrote that first
             | sentence I read it "bad" from your perspective! I correlate
             | much stronger "dies" with death than with a die.
        
               | samstave wrote:
               | ....except when I see it literally next to the term,
               | CPU....
        
             | nonameiguess wrote:
             | They might actually both be true. A sibling comment seems
             | to indicate they don't do this any more and the main
             | gallery page hasn't been updated in four years. It's
             | possible that the project to put artwork on CPU dies has
             | died, though the webpage hosting the gallery has clearly
             | not died.
        
             | nothatscool wrote:
             | Most of the posts here with "dies" in the title are about
             | public figures who have died. If you are used to those and
             | are scanning through the posts it is easy to read "dies" in
             | that context first and then the rest of the sentence.
        
           | colejohnson66 wrote:
           | If you're a visual learner, Tom Scott made a great video
           | about these "Crash Blossoms":
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ldT2g2qDQNQ
        
         | gcheong wrote:
         | Mine was of some kind of simulation running that "died". Like a
         | Tamagochi or something.
         | (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamagotchi)
        
         | kgwxd wrote:
         | Mine was that the practice of putting art on CPUs has died.
        
           | jhgb wrote:
           | The comment by tverbeure justifies your belief.
        
         | fortran77 wrote:
         | Maybe we should have the black bar up on hacker news today.
        
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       (page generated 2022-04-22 23:01 UTC)