[HN Gopher] Gallium OS: a fast and lightweight Linux distro for ...
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       Gallium OS: a fast and lightweight Linux distro for ChromeOS
       devices
        
       Author : mikece
       Score  : 119 points
       Date   : 2022-04-14 10:54 UTC (12 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (galliumos.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (galliumos.org)
        
       | KSPAtlas wrote:
       | Doesn't work on AMD.
        
       | disembiggen wrote:
       | so there's not a clear "why" on this page, just a "download"
       | digging for it yields the wiki which says:
       | 
       | "Why Linux? More applications Linux can run many different types
       | of applicatons. No matter what you're trying to do, an
       | application exists for Linux. ChromeOS is very limited. Sure,
       | NaCl (Native Client) brings the ability to run native code to
       | ChromeOS, but that's a hack at best, and there's still no good
       | software to take advantage of it. With Linux you can install any
       | Linux compatible software, totally natively. Firefox,
       | Transmission (BitTorrent), LibreOffice, Steam, VLC Media Player,
       | Kodi Media Center, the GIMP, VirtualBox, and many more are
       | available on Linux to do things that simply aren't possible on
       | ChromeOS. "
       | 
       | which... isn't true? chromeos can run at least most of those just
       | fine, and has been able to for a while?
       | https://support.google.com/chromebook/answer/9145439?hl=en
        
         | thom wrote:
         | Same reason people install Linux on their computers instead of
         | just using WSL on Windows. It's faster, it's more natural, and
         | the whole OS receives updates forever.
        
           | smm11 wrote:
           | Then why is a Gallium that's out-of-date be an issue? If you
           | have an older Chrombook, from the time when Gallium was
           | maintained, and if Linux indeed "updates forever," go with
           | Gallium.
        
         | joosters wrote:
         | I installed Gallium several years back, on a chromebook that
         | didn't support any of that (at the time, at least). Gallium was
         | also the only distro I found that worked out of the box with
         | full hardware support (audio, webcam, etc).
         | 
         | Other commenters say that those drivers are now in other
         | distros too, so Gallium may no longer have its original USPs...
         | 
         | Running other OSs on my chromebook is a bit of a pain, because
         | every time you boot, you get a BIOS screen warning you about
         | non-google software (and offering to wipe everything!). Also,
         | (and maybe unique to my chromebook model), it has a nasty
         | gotcha: if you ever let the battery drain empty, then the
         | firmware loses its settings and it will no longer boot at all
         | :( That one was fun to diagnose and fix...
        
         | VSpike wrote:
         | The "why" here ... or at least the reason for me to flash my
         | Chromebook BIOS and install Gallium ... was because my
         | Chromebook went EoL by Google and I wanted to see if I can keep
         | it going for a while.
         | 
         | Gallium is an amazing piece of work, and the documentation is
         | superb, but it's starting to show that it's on a very out of
         | date base and there's no sign of a new version for some time.
         | The efforts seem to have slowed down, which is a shame.
         | 
         | It leaves me wondering if the main patches and drivers in the
         | kernel fork could ever be merged upstream. Maybe there's some
         | technical or legal reason why not, or maybe it's just the work
         | required and nobody has the time.
         | 
         | Either way, I hope it remains possible to run old Chromebooks
         | for a while yet! They are often decent, cheap hardware if a
         | little slow.
        
           | shiftoutbox wrote:
           | Yes , there are a lot of quirks in the chrome book platform .
           | I have a 2015 hp 11e and nothing works on it but chromeos,
           | win7 and gallium. No Ubuntu , FreeBSD , NetBSD or red hat .
        
         | px43 wrote:
         | Just the fact that it mentions NaCl means it must have been
         | written in the 2013-2014 era.
        
       | The_rationalist wrote:
       | Why a dedicated distro, can't you use any distro on a chromebook?
        
         | epirogov wrote:
         | it should be firmware for a distro to install on chromebook.
         | macbooks i thinks also have firmware, not a bios.
        
       | epirogov wrote:
       | yeah, I switched my ThinkPad 131e to GalliumOs and found how to
       | login to google account with Chromium browser. Any lags after
       | update, Good job!
       | 
       | https://pirogove.blogspot.com/2021/08/gallium-is-remedy-for-...
       | 
       | As a bonus github.dev team already fixed js error and editor
       | works with Chronium browser already.
        
       | beagle3 wrote:
       | This might be a good place to ask - I have a first generation
       | Samsung Chromebook (exynos arm based) which is no longer
       | supported by Google.
       | 
       | Gallium doesn't support it; is anyone else using this device?
       | Which OS are you using? And did you open it to reflash the bios,
       | or you just ctrl-d each boot and hope not to accidentally press
       | space?
        
         | epirogov wrote:
         | try to ask author of firmwares i have used to x86 chromebook
         | for me:
         | 
         | https://github.com/MrChromebox/scripts/blob/master/cbmodels....
         | 
         | I am also interested on this thin Samsung for me but I lended
         | it to a neighbour child. Can not do an experiment.
        
       | le-mark wrote:
       | The "news" section shows the last release was in 2019. Not that
       | it matters really. I never used gallium, because other distros
       | just worked. Flash the bios with mr chromebox firmware and
       | install whatever. I've been using Ubuntu 14 now 18 on an old acer
       | for 9 years now, no issues other than its very very low powered
       | by today's standards.
       | 
       | Edit to add the one thing I did have to was install gallium
       | keybindings which support the funky chrome book function keys.
        
         | mikece wrote:
         | > The "news" section shows the last release was in 2019.
         | 
         | I noticed this too... is this project dead?
         | 
         | > Flash the bios with mr chromebox firmware...
         | 
         | I had not heard of this path before; is it a one-way trip to
         | load linux on a Chrome OS device this way or can it be reverted
         | to factory settings (when it's time to pawn the device off on
         | someone else)?
        
           | lin83 wrote:
           | I think they recommend just using normal Ubuntu now that most
           | of the drivers have been upstreamed.
        
           | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
           | I've never actually done this, but the process of flashing
           | the firmware prompts you to back up the original firmware and
           | I'm pretty sure you can just put it back on
        
             | yebyen wrote:
             | My experience with this, and I'll stress that I'm sure it
             | varies by device, is that using the Mr. Chromebox firmware
             | to install GalliumOS works great, until you allow the
             | device to be put to sleep or run out of battery. Then the
             | firmware is restored to the original, without any user
             | request.
             | 
             | This blocks you from booting your Linux environment again
             | but is otherwise non-destructive (you can just run Mr.
             | Chromebox again to get the necessary firmware re-installed)
             | 
             | (My device is a HP Chromebook 14")
        
         | Abishek_Muthian wrote:
         | Mr.Chromebox is the MVP when it comes to running alt OS on
         | Chromebooks, His Coreboot/Seabios[1] is the UEFI ROM which
         | enables it. He also actively answers queries in the
         | r/chultrabook & r/GalliumOS subreddits.
         | 
         | Gallium OS is needed because of some weird quirks with certain
         | Chromebooks e.g. BayTrail chipsets require special drivers for
         | Touchpad, microphone etc. from ChromeOS and only Gallium OS
         | include them.
         | 
         | If you can get hold of a 11" Chromebook, Then installing Linux
         | on it using Coreboot is the least expensive way to get a
         | portable Linux computer with keyboard as Chromebooks are often
         | subsidized.
         | 
         | Just ensure that the device is supported by Coreboot
         | beforehand.
         | 
         | [1] https://mrchromebox.tech/
        
         | AdmiralAsshat wrote:
         | I imagine some of the use-case scenarios have dwindled because
         | recent Chromebooks have come with the innate ability to run
         | Android or Linux apps.
         | 
         | So the die-hard users that want to turn their Chromebook into a
         | GNU+Linux laptop still look at Gallium. But the ones that just
         | wanted to run a few Android/Linux-specific tools without
         | needing to blow the entire OS away have found easier options.
        
       | john-tells-all wrote:
       | dead: no activity since mid-2017:
       | https://github.com/GalliumOS/galliumos-distro/graphs/code-fr...
        
         | irq-1 wrote:
         | That repository was updated: a0abbfc on Jan 4, 2020
         | 
         | And it's not the code. "Docs, issues, and artwork sources for
         | GalliumOS"
        
       | umvi wrote:
       | Gallium OS is great, I even donated because it's provided so much
       | value. Been running it for years on my old Acer Chromebook after
       | Google EoL'd it.
        
       | smm11 wrote:
       | Browser, text editor, terminal. Seems to me old ChromeOS can do
       | that.
        
       | mwcampbell wrote:
       | Is XFCE really any faster or lighter than the Chromium OS desktop
       | environment (IIUC, basically Chromium without an intervening
       | display server like Xorg or a Wayland compositor)? My guess is
       | that, since one basically has to run a web browser anyway, it's
       | probably not.
        
         | pjmlp wrote:
         | Yes, because ChromeOS and Crostini, both run on top of
         | virtualized environments, so already there you are using more
         | resources than on a regular Linux distribution.
        
         | mikece wrote:
         | I might be bringing my own biases but I don't think speed is
         | the primary feature of this. Rather, not being connected to
         | Google's data collection/surveillance capitalism system is the
         | feature.
        
           | mwcampbell wrote:
           | For that, one would only need a Chromium OS build without
           | Google API keys. But then, replacing Google account login
           | with something else could take some work.
        
           | flatiron wrote:
           | I would think running stuff other than just a web browser is
           | the use case. The device goes from portable web browser to
           | Linux laptop with every tool a professional developer uses at
           | your finger tips (and a web browser)
        
             | azornathogron wrote:
             | I've run vscode, docker and node in crostini (the debian-
             | in-a-VM that you can just enable in settings in normal
             | Chrome OS). Worked great for me.
             | 
             | I'm not at all claiming Chrome OS or crostini are without
             | problems or limitations, but I have been very happily
             | surprised at how well it stood up to some basic web dev
             | work.
        
             | mwcampbell wrote:
             | I suspect that this distinction will be irrelevant to the
             | next generation, as services like GitHub Code Spaces, which
             | provide a full development environment inside a web
             | browser, become more normal.
        
               | flatiron wrote:
               | Can you run node in the web browser and debug through
               | there?
               | 
               | I'm not the brightest crayon in the box, I spend most of
               | my life in the debugger!
        
       | timonoko wrote:
       | It was too "lightweight". Some of the core functions of Linux
       | were missing and there was no method to add them back to the
       | kernel.
        
       | wronglebowski wrote:
       | Anyone interested should check out Breath. An active project with
       | a similar goal. I've run it on multiple Chromebooks and love the
       | experience.
       | 
       | https://cb-linux.github.io/breath/
        
       | jacquesm wrote:
       | If you're into this and want a cheap and stable system you could
       | look into buying the Asus chromeboxes that Google sells for their
       | 'meet' hardware, they're pretty neat, can be upgraded to 16G and
       | there are some that have an i7 in them, you can typically get
       | them at surplus prices because the sellers usually don't know
       | what to do with them. The internal 32G SSD can be upgraded as
       | well to a larger format one.
       | 
       | Note that the write protect switch is on a different location on
       | the motherboard than indicated in most docs, it is a screw with a
       | bunch of solderpads on it, look for a large diameter very flat
       | screwhead, that's the one. Just unscrew it and leave it out.
        
         | quag wrote:
         | Is this the i7 (10th gen) Chromebox you had in mind? Is
         | currently going for $876 on Amazon. I guess surplus is the
         | reasonable way to get them. Where is a good place to look?
         | EBay?
         | 
         | ASUS Chromebox4 with Intel Core i7-10510U, 16GB RAM, M.2 PCIE
         | 256GB SSD Storage, Power/DisplayPort Over Type C, Dual HDMI,
         | Gigabit LAN, WiFi 6, MicroSD Card Reader, VESA Mount, Chrome OS
         | https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08TGT71MG/
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Chromebox 3, i7
           | 
           | Yes, new they are very expensive, surplus $100 to $200. EBay,
           | Marktplaats, large equipment recyclers.
           | 
           | edit: this one:
           | 
           | https://www.asus.com/Displays-Desktops/Mini-PCs/Chrome-OS-
           | de...
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | Too late to edit, I've found an image of the motherboard, the
         | big screw lower left is the one to remove to be able to reflash
         | the bios:
         | 
         | https://ae01.alicdn.com/kf/HTB1KAuWaOzxK1RjSspjq6AS.pXa1/Nie...
        
         | criddell wrote:
         | Those are neat. I haven't seen them before.
         | 
         | They remind me of Sun's Cobalt Qubes from a few years ago.
        
         | zucked wrote:
         | How do they perform? I run an older Mac Mini to do all my
         | network routing, IP Camera recording, PVR, etc. I would expect
         | they've got some decent graphics prowess seeing as how their
         | sole job in life to capture and display video conferencing...
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | I'm using one to run Ubuntu Studio and it works flawlessly,
           | but since the box doesn't have internal audio I added a USB
           | based audio card. The display hooked up to that box is a 32"
           | Dell QHD monitor.
        
         | Melatonic wrote:
         | Super interesting - are there multiple generations of these?
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Yes, there are a couple of different versions, with a variety
           | of CPUs.
        
             | Melatonic wrote:
             | So basically just get the ones that have a higher end i7 or
             | i5 it sounds like, upgrade RAM if necessary + SSD ( I am
             | guessing its mSata or NVME) and then turn that little screw
             | for write protection?
             | 
             | This has to be the best kept secret in PC's lol
        
       | bwoodward wrote:
       | I've used Gallium on an old Toshiba chromebook for years. I don't
       | use the system full time, but there are no driver issues or
       | anything with Gallium. Its pretty impressive and gave new life to
       | an otherwise crappy laptop.
        
       | awinter-py wrote:
       | per hardware compat page
       | https://wiki.galliumos.org/Hardware_Compatibility , most recent
       | fully supported device is 2018 device from a company called
       | positivo, supported devices from mainstream manufacturers are
       | 2017 and earlier
       | 
       | I wish there were a foundation that worked on linux support for
       | more recently released devices (laptops + chromebooks), I would
       | fund this
       | 
       | fwupd / ubuntu certifications seem close, but they also seem more
       | about supporting specific devices within a machine, and less
       | about supporting the whole machine
        
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       (page generated 2022-04-14 23:02 UTC)