[HN Gopher] The endgames of bad faith communication
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The endgames of bad faith communication
        
       Author : Thersites
       Score  : 436 points
       Date   : 2022-04-12 01:53 UTC (21 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (consilienceproject.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (consilienceproject.org)
        
       | yeetsfromhellL2 wrote:
       | The bad faith characteristics sound like some parents I know
       | talking to their kids.
        
       | bittercynic wrote:
       | I'd just like to take a moment to express my appreciation for the
       | discussion on this site. I believe there is a better ratio of
       | good-faith to bad-faith communication here than on any other
       | public forum where everyone is free to participate.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | ohwellhere wrote:
       | I find myself really inspired by the work The Consilience Project
       | and a few other people are putting out about sensemaking,
       | consensus building, and maybe generally empathy.
       | 
       | I've started to feel that it might be my answer to "The Hamming
       | Question." [0]
       | 
       | I'm a burnt out software engineer. Do you have any advice on
       | careers to explore to work on the above societal issue?
       | 
       | [0]: > Mathematician Richard Hamming used to ask scientists in
       | other fields "What are the most important problems in your
       | field?" partly so he could troll them by asking "Why aren't you
       | working on them?" and partly because getting asked this question
       | is really useful for focusing people's attention on what matters.
        
       | dclowd9901 wrote:
       | The problem isn't the prominence of bad faith communication.
       | That's a symptom. Bad faith communicating happens because one
       | party becomes cornered when their standpoint is indefensible, and
       | they know it.
       | 
       | Once one side renounces good faith communication, the other sees
       | no point in maintaining communication in good faith, so they
       | throw it away too. So the problem isn't communicating in bad
       | faith. By the time you've gotten there, the battle for good faith
       | communication was already lost.
       | 
       | The problem is pride, plain and simple. If people could detach
       | themselves from their views and not make being wrong anything
       | more than that, then we could once again open the door to good
       | faith communication.
        
       | trtqy wrote:
       | One of the most important parts of the article is a footnote:
       | 
       |  _NOTE: All signs of good faith communication can be "faked" in
       | bad faith._
       | 
       | Basically, in modern online mob communication, the winning side
       | defines what "good faith" and "bad faith" are. The winning side
       | defines a vague code of conduct, cloaks themselves in "goodness"
       | and then openly uses the "bad faith" slander against anyone who
       | disagrees on any issue (even purely technical ones).
        
         | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
         | I have sometimes seen rules that don't try to spell out every
         | specific, because most civil conversations don't require
         | knowing exactly where the line is between good behavior and
         | bad, so you can get riiight up to it, then say in bad faith,
         | "but I was obeying the rules!"
         | 
         | Rather, I consider vaguer rules like "don't be a jerk" to be a
         | feature, and one can use context clues to see what the
         | community considers jerkiness
        
       | booboofixer wrote:
       | A well-written article, especially clearly listing out the
       | differences in the forms of communication helped make the point.
       | But sadly, the people most prone to bad-faith communication are
       | also probably least likely to take this criticism and improve. I
       | have also resorted to bad-faith communications in conversations
       | where it seems like that is the only way to be heard.
       | 
       | Consider this example: Person A, displaying some humility, says :
       | "You might be right, there is a chance politician X is in the
       | wrong". Person A assumes this is interpreted by Person B as:
       | "There is uncertainty about politician X being in the wrong"
       | Person B actually interprets this as: "Person A has admitted,
       | without any doubt, to politician X being completely in the wrong"
       | 
       | If I ever find myself in a conversation where I'm in the shoes of
       | Person A, using good-faith communication means actually risking a
       | complete failure of communication. Why even bother to
       | communicate?
        
         | dfxm12 wrote:
         | _But sadly, the people most prone to bad-faith communication
         | are also probably least likely to take this criticism and
         | improve._
         | 
         | It's not that people prone to this are doing so because of poor
         | communication skills that can be improved upon, bad faith
         | communication is by definition intentional.
         | 
         |  _Why even bother to communicate?_
         | 
         | You probably should disregard anyone communicating in bad
         | faith.
        
         | ianai wrote:
         | It's more basic too. Bad faith redefines the nature of the
         | situation. It's no longer a conversation and instead a game.
         | And in game theory you have to play on level ground as your
         | opponent. Ie when they go low you have to go low or exit the
         | conversation turned game. "Going high" in modern rhetoric
         | doesn't actually net strategic advantage.
         | 
         | So maybe that's insightful. Point out that conversations
         | (unless they're debates and everyone's agreed to debate) are
         | not games.
        
           | antisthenes wrote:
           | Does digitization remove the negative consequences of
           | communicating in bad faith?
           | 
           | In that sense, does it change the _game_ , just through
           | removing those consequences and thus making bad faith a more
           | attractive strategy than it would be otherwise (e.g. face to
           | face reputation based communication)?
           | 
           | Maybe you are right and positing it as a game is itself
           | reductive, and gets people into a zero-sum mindset, rather
           | than viewing conversation as a win-win.
        
             | ianai wrote:
             | Digitization has clearly added lots of negatives that
             | otherwise wouldn't last. As simple as, does it really make
             | sense for something local with only local and fittingly
             | small consequences, to be discussed at a global level? But
             | anybody can post a photo or video to be seen the world
             | over. Depending on content there will even be users on the
             | internet policing ("influencing") other users in the
             | internet to weigh in on whatever. But clearly human
             | societies function at a level of cohesion that breaks apart
             | at scale. Ie there isn't one truly universal way to live
             | that everyone can and in time could be made to live.
             | 
             | Edit-I'd venture even the ability for the internet to bring
             | together people who would otherwise not have a cohort
             | "breaks at scale" because people just don't scale like
             | that.
        
             | rocqua wrote:
             | I think digitization, specifically the commoditization of
             | attention in advertising-supported social media, has
             | strongly incentivized bad-faith communication. It turns out
             | that outrage and conflict are a great way to get attention.
             | So systems made to profit from keeping attention have
             | inadvertently started promoting conflict and outrage to
             | capture the value of the attention produced.
             | 
             | This has been profitable enough that these social media now
             | dominate a large part of public discussions, and other
             | platforms have followed suit either by choice or by
             | selection pressure. Hence a large part of public
             | communication is happening in a context that is
             | (inadvertently or intentionally) built to encourage
             | conflict and outrage. This rewards bad-faith communication,
             | so that is what we get.
        
             | nicbou wrote:
             | I find that it depends on the size of the community, and
             | your stake in that community. If you're a regular
             | somewhere, you're a lot less likely to start some shit
             | there. After a while some users earn a reputation that
             | affects all future interactions.
             | 
             | I treat my local subreddit like I would treat my local pub,
             | especially since I know a few of its users IRL, and many
             | tie my username to my business. I can't say the same about
             | large subreddits.
             | 
             | Tight moderation also helps a ton. It enforces a certain
             | tone, and after a while the community crystallises around
             | that tone and enforces it itself. You don't pick fights at
             | the country club.
             | 
             | I realise now that I stopped interacting in larger
             | communities. I prefer quieter channels where people have a
             | reputation to uphold.
        
               | SamPatt wrote:
               | Agreed moderation is essential. It's easy to spot and
               | remove people who don't care about harmony or true
               | discussion, but it often doesn't happen (or moderators
               | are themselves bad actors).
        
             | Mountain_Skies wrote:
             | "Social media made y'all way to comfortable with
             | disrespecting people and not getting punched in the face
             | for it." - Mike Tyson
        
           | throwaway15908 wrote:
           | You can side step. A common tactic for mediators.
           | 
           | Consider a verbal fight within a couple. Everyone wants to
           | have the last word and both throw loudly anything they can
           | come up with at each other. In such a situaiton you may be
           | able to break that mental stance of your opponent by "simply"
           | shifting the topic/perspective to something, they did not
           | expect at all. This way, you may be able to force you
           | opponent to give up the trench they dig themself into.
           | 
           | I know its not simple. This is more education than
           | superficial conversation.
        
             | ianai wrote:
             | At which point you've used a rhetorical tactic and turned a
             | conversation into a game.
             | 
             | I'm saying the space of people communicating is larger than
             | the space of people using words in rhetorical games.
        
               | throwaway15908 wrote:
               | When a conversation is stagnating in a cycle and you
               | elevate it on a meta level, away from the original topic
               | to that conversation and how it is going, you will not
               | only display good faith but you may be able to find the
               | traces of good faith in your opponent and maybe turn back
               | to the original topic.
               | 
               | You cannot flip the table and still call it a game. Its
               | not a game move when your intention is progress and not a
               | rhetorical win.
        
               | chillacy wrote:
               | I personally use the meta-conversational move a lot, and
               | it usually turns heated political discussions into more
               | thoughtful philosophy discussions. I think because most
               | people don't have such strong identity based beliefs
               | around questions like "how can we know if something is
               | right/true/good/bad, what does that mean?"
        
               | jimkleiber wrote:
               | The meta-conversation technique blew up for me once. A
               | buddy and I got into it and I went in that direction of
               | how do we know if something is good or bad, right or
               | wrong, and it had him feeling incredibly frustrated and
               | distraught, questioning whether his friends have
               | fundamentally different values than he does. I recognized
               | in that moment he seemed very emotionally vulnerable and
               | so I switched out of my head exploration and opened up
               | deep abkut some of the emotional struggles I had been
               | facing. I think very often conflicts are not about the
               | actual conflict we discuss, but about tangential, or even
               | unrelated, things.
        
               | prox wrote:
               | That actually sounds like a true philosophical situation,
               | where you both questioned some deeply held beliefs. This
               | can have epistemologically and existential repercussions
               | for the individual, especially if you are emotionally
               | invested (and we always are at some level)
        
               | jimkleiber wrote:
               | Perhaps, I'll think about that a bit more. I think I was
               | seeing it more as me using theorizing as a defense
               | mechanism to avoid opening up emotionally and connecting
               | with my friend on a deeper level. I've noticed in my life
               | that I can often dive deeper into theory, hypothetical
               | situations, and general philosophy as way to distance
               | myself from how I'm actually feeling in the moment and
               | from saying that to others.
        
             | Veen wrote:
             | I find the best tactic in this situation is to let the
             | other party exhaust themselves. You're never going to be
             | heard, so just listen (actually listen, not pretend) until
             | they've got whatever they want to say out, and then make a
             | response that shows you've listened and tried to
             | understand.
        
         | Manuel_D wrote:
         | _Consider this example: Person A, displaying some humility,
         | says : "You might be right, there is a chance politician X is
         | in the wrong". Person A assumes this is interpreted by Person B
         | as: "There is uncertainty about politician X being in the
         | wrong" Person B actually interprets this as: "Person A has
         | admitted, without any doubt, to politician X being completely
         | in the wrong"_
         | 
         | I think you intended Person A to be someone with an opposing
         | view. But I read this Person A as a friend that strongly likes
         | Politician X, and in some ways that seemed even more
         | appropriate to what the article is talking about. Especially if
         | "politician X" is something like a controversial issue that is
         | strongly moralized. People often end up outwardly adopting an
         | almost Manichean set of opinions on things, even if our
         | internal beliefs are more nuanced. So we end up saying
         | Politician X is perfect, even if we have more mixed opinions.
         | It's not Bad Faith communication in the same vein as a troll on
         | a forum, we're acting in bad faith to maintain cohesion and
         | membership among our own social group.
         | 
         | The OP articulates this well in a paragraph:
         | 
         |  _A key feature of escalating extremism is a belief that group
         | membership requires bad faith engagements with out-groups. In
         | these contexts, bad faith behavior is often justified to
         | maintain in-group membership and consensus. The normalization
         | of bad faith communication contributes to the creation of
         | extreme in-group pressures, which can rupture identities and
         | exacerbate mental health crises. Personal instabilities usually
         | lead to a doubling down on the need for group membership,
         | increasing rationalizations and amplifications of bad faith
         | practices._
        
         | rad88 wrote:
         | You can't control the outcome of a conversation, and cynicism
         | goes hand in hand with bad faith. Communication is still the
         | most awesome thing that humans do, or will ever be able to do!
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | That's some serious pom-pom action you just did. There are
           | times when bad faith communication is just a waste of
           | everyone's time. It's great to think that by having a
           | conversation positive results will occur. However, that's not
           | always going to happen. Since I'm not part of a diplomatic
           | entourage where the mere act of continuing to talk past each
           | other is seen as a positive, that same behavior does not tend
           | to benefit normal people. At times, I have chosen to just
           | end/walk away from a conversation just to avoid the energy
           | and inevitable frustration. Maybe it's cynicism, but as
           | you've said, I can't control the outcome but I can control it
           | as far as me continuing to be a part of it.
        
             | rad88 wrote:
             | You're right that my pom-pom action was serious, but it
             | sounds like you're imaging a different kind of dilemma than
             | I was. You're referring to walking away from an
             | unproductive conversation, while I was responding to a
             | cynical argument for choosing bad faith over good.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | anon23anon wrote:
         | I think the short answer is don't argue w/ an idiot.
        
         | gumby wrote:
         | I look for this in interviews. Obviously people are typically
         | on best behavior _and_ nervous so liable to make non-
         | meaningful* errors, but I look for humility and openness, hard
         | as it is to find upon such a high pressure and artificial
         | situation. If it does it's positive.
         | 
         | More importantly the founders set the culture through their own
         | behavior and most new hires adopt and adapt to the local
         | culture. So if you can propagate humility, openness to changing
         | minds, etc your company will become stronger and more fun.
         | 
         | And I use the word "company" deliberately: "corporation" and
         | "business" and technical tools, but a "company" is a group of
         | people getting together. Often corporation and company are used
         | interchangeably, but effective organizations know the
         | difference.
        
         | m0llusk wrote:
         | Those most likely to have strong disagreements mostly consist
         | of politically engaged liberals at 6-8% of the population and
         | politically engaged conservatives at 6-8% of the population.
         | Because of this a more accurate representation of what is going
         | on is that persons A and B disagree strongly with persons C and
         | D and persons E through Z really wish that persons A through D
         | would find some middle ground that all can live with even if
         | they harbor objections. In this larger context it may make
         | sense to call out bad faith communication and engage in good
         | faith communication for the benefit of the larger population
         | who get dragged into political conflicts.
        
         | gameswithgo wrote:
        
         | rapind wrote:
         | What you're describing is simply person B not really listening,
         | and if that's true then it's pointless to argue the point
         | anyways. Person A is better off sticking with the compromise
         | because it doesn't cost him/her anything to do so, and hey
         | maybe there's a very slight chance person B clues in.
         | 
         | Basically sticking to good faith even when it's not
         | reciprocated is usually the best option, or just saving your
         | energy by dropping the topic. The alternative is usually just
         | ego stuff.
        
         | dsugarman wrote:
         | When this happens I generally pause and say something like I
         | just said X, what did you hear? If that doesn't work then I
         | throw out a hypothesis like it sounds like you heard Y, is that
         | right? Once we agree upon what I said and what they heard then
         | I clarify that I don't believe Y, I sincerely believe X.
        
         | DharmaPolice wrote:
         | I think there's a degree of market segmentation (as it were)
         | when it comes to arguing. The fastest way someone can discredit
         | themselves in my eyes is to be too certain about something. In
         | your example I'd be much more open to someone who admits that
         | their side could be in the wrong than someone who says that
         | it's impossible. Especially where there's not enough evidence
         | for that kind of claim. But you're right that certainty does
         | appeal in other contexts.
        
         | antattack wrote:
         | I think the biggest problem is cult of personality. Instead of
         | discussing actual issues we focus on elevating or disparaging
         | people. In your example - what is the chance that 'your'
         | politician X is always right?
        
         | spaetzleesser wrote:
         | "Consider this example: Person A, displaying some humility,
         | says : "You might be right, there is a chance politician X is
         | in the wrong". Person A assumes this is interpreted by Person B
         | as: "There is uncertainty about politician X being in the
         | wrong" Person B actually interprets this as: "Person A has
         | admitted, without any doubt, to politician X being completely
         | in the wrong""
         | 
         | Reminds me of a discussion with a neighbor. I was talking about
         | things I didn't like Obama or Biden had done. His response was
         | "see? Should have voted for Trump". He didn't understand at all
         | when I told him that Trump is even more wrong in my opinion.
         | People are trained to totally agree or disagree with one side.
        
         | stackbutterflow wrote:
         | Only a tiny percentage of users take part in online discussions
         | . It is important to communicate with bad faith actors so that
         | the overwhelming majority of users who are simply lurkers are
         | exposed to ideas from "the other side". Refusing to engage with
         | bad faith actors is leaving their ideas unchallenged out in the
         | open.
        
           | switchbak wrote:
           | The issue being that you're operating in good faith, while
           | they're putting on a show. You're immediately at a
           | disadvantage because they can use any tool at their disposal,
           | whereas you have to stick to truth and rationality.
           | 
           | Unfortunately, the latter two don't typically scale all that
           | well, especially as the bad actor hones their ability to put
           | you in a rhetorical box.
        
             | Jensson wrote:
             | I have never seen anyone get converted by bad faith
             | arguments, but I have seen people get converted by good
             | faith arguments. So it seems good faith arguments are
             | inherently much stronger, while bad faith arguments are
             | useless except for frustrating the other side.
        
               | banannaise wrote:
               | Bad faith arguments convert by quantity, not quality. If
               | you overwhelm the good faith information with mountains
               | of bad faith information, you'll convince a lot of
               | people, none of whom will be able to point at one
               | specific thing that convinced them.
        
               | altcognito wrote:
               | Bad faith arguments can be as simple as a slogan.
        
               | BlargMcLarg wrote:
               | Considering I see bad faith arguments from politicians in
               | power all the time, I wouldn't say anything conclusive
               | about good faith or bad faith being stronger. This is
               | before mentioning how many people are running around with
               | a victim mentality, quickly antagonize others or engage
               | in social activities which reinforce segregation and
               | labeling over trying to form a social understanding.
               | 
               | A lot of people love drama, and bad faith creates drama.
               | Good faith creates solutions, and a lot of people seek
               | solutions. That alone is enough to be skeptical of
               | anything conclusive.
        
               | ModernMech wrote:
               | The ultimate bad faith argument is government propaganda,
               | which definitely works wonders in shaping public opinion.
        
             | rocqua wrote:
             | I think the continuation of this line of thought is often
             | the argument 'their bad faith communication is so effective
             | we have to counter it with our own'. I hope that this
             | argument under-estimates the intelligence of the silent
             | majority.
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | That is another good way to phrase the problem described
               | by the parent post of yours.
               | 
               | There is not a way to beat bad faith communication with
               | good faith communication at scale, because the latter
               | doesn't scale, because the average/median person is not
               | intelligent enough for it. I wish they were.
        
           | openknot wrote:
           | A problem is that one has limited time and energy to respond
           | to these comments, though the idea you've mentioned has
           | motivated responses I've made in the past. It can be draining
           | to submit a well-sourced comment written respectfully, then
           | get downvoted (this is more prevalent on Reddit) where fewer
           | people see it.
           | 
           | I've resolved to avoid responses, unless it's a subject where
           | I have an especially valuable perspective (e.g. personal
           | expertise, I have a passage from a credible book that could
           | be relevant, or I have a highly relevant anecdote to share).
           | 
           | It's almost always not worth it to get involved in a
           | controversial topic discussion (examples include journalism,
           | Apple products, urban planning and whether the ending of a
           | popular television series was good or not). It can be
           | distracting and draining, especially if people respond
           | negatively or you get downvoted (I tell myself it's just
           | internet points, but it feels punishing despite my rational
           | thoughts), and I'm unlikely to change minds. There's more to
           | life that's more rewarding (e.g. reading a book, physical
           | exercise, even playing a relaxing video game for a few
           | minutes).
        
         | usernomdeguerre wrote:
         | I think some other responders have touched lightly on this but
         | I feel it should be explicitly said that sometimes engaging in
         | conversation is not actually what the other party is doing,
         | even though it might look like it.
         | 
         | Sometimes they are not speaking to you at all, but rather to
         | your listeners. And the larger your pool of listeners the more
         | likely you'll encounter arguments in bad faith because it turns
         | out that if the goal is persuasion then good-faith arguments
         | don't scale.
         | 
         | A tangent here is that on private-public platforms like twitter
         | "your listeners" could be an entirely separate set from the
         | people you actually have contact with. Algorithms that signal-
         | boost opinions out of their actual social circle become
         | essentially propaganda posters for a host of varying in and out
         | groups.
         | 
         | My personal opinion is that this is a misaligned incentive that
         | social platforms should correct structurally, rather than via
         | governance or policies. And pushing the corrective actions back
         | down to the individual is a cop-out.
        
           | verisimi wrote:
           | You make a very solid point - public conversations are way
           | more predisposed to bad faith - who's got ability to accept
           | the perception of looking bad in public?!
           | 
           | > My personal opinion is that this is a misaligned incentive
           | that social platforms should correct structurally, rather
           | than via governance or policies. And pushing the corrective
           | actions back down to the individual is a cop-out.
           | 
           | hmm... I rather think the opposite is the case. Its all about
           | playing to the crowd. And that there is no incentive for
           | anyone (apart from the good faith individual) to do anything
           | about it - all that noise translates into engagement with the
           | platform.
        
           | andybak wrote:
           | > if the goal is persuasion then good-faith arguments don't
           | scale
           | 
           | That phrase helps crystalize the concept very nicely.
        
             | LichenStone wrote:
             | Aye, the ideal goal of disussion shouldn't be to persuade
             | in my opinion, but to explore each other's ideas with the
             | aim of modifying and improving each position. I think the
             | process of doing that happens to be the best way to
             | actually get people to go along with something also.
        
               | kazinator wrote:
               | > _explore each other 's ideas with the aim of modifying
               | and improving each position._
               | 
               | That's the academic concept of discussion, which is a
               | very fine and respectable (not to mention important)
               | thing.
               | 
               | Sometimes you do have to persuade, because _action_ is
               | required.
               | 
               | For instance, it is important to persuade non-believers
               | in human-caused global warming; it's not just about
               | improving their intellectual position.
        
               | JoeEasy23 wrote:
               | Take an interest, not a position. A position often causes
               | us to feel like we have to defend a position, taking an
               | interest helps increase the likelihood that both parties
               | remain open
        
               | naravara wrote:
               | With many political matters, though, people inherently
               | have to hold positions by virtue of the fact that the
               | issues affect their material interests. You need to
               | remain open in spite of that, but there are also limits
               | to how open one can be when someone else is arguing that
               | you should lose your job or that your health insurance
               | should be able to deny you coverage for care, or maybe
               | that you are culturally or genetically inherently stupid
               | or incapable of self-governance.
        
               | kazinator wrote:
               | Not all controversial matters are political. For
               | instance, it's not inherently political whether global
               | warming is real or whether vaccines work in curtailing a
               | pandemic. Only a certain side in these debates wants to
               | reduce arguments in which there is rational evidence (and
               | important actions to be taken) to something that is
               | merely "political", and therefore a just a matter of
               | constitutional free speech and action.
        
               | LichenStone wrote:
               | That's a good way of thinking about it. Reminds me of
               | when Alan Kay asks "Are ideas like matter? [bumps his
               | fists together] Or are they more like light? [Overlaps
               | his hands]" (roughly paraphrasing there).
               | 
               | The ability to entertain multiple, seemingly
               | contradictory thoughts at once is a good skill I think.
        
               | newbamboo wrote:
               | "The ability to entertain multiple, seemingly
               | contradictory thoughts at once is a good skill I think."
               | 
               | Unfortunately large portions of the populace see this as
               | being phony. You must be a red or blue team person, being
               | "people without a tribe" is itself a heresy because by
               | not conforming to this idiotic false dichotomy denies the
               | simpletons and partisans their fallacious little world
               | views. Socrates died in vein, I suppose.
        
               | Thiez wrote:
               | That's a strange take on Socrates, it makes him sound
               | like he died (intended to die?) for our sins like some
               | kind of Jesus figure. I doubt he'd agree with it.
               | 
               | Anyway, I suspect you mean 'in vain'. Veins are those
               | little tubes in your body that the blood flows through,
               | in generally in the direction of the heart. Since
               | Socrates died by poison one could argue that he literally
               | died "in vein" but this is probably not the
               | interpretation you were going for.
               | 
               | I agree with you on the teams thing, and in my opinion it
               | has a strong relation to two-party systems.
        
               | naravara wrote:
               | > That's a strange take on Socrates, it makes him sound
               | like he died (intended to die?) for our sins like some
               | kind of Jesus figure. I doubt he'd agree with it.
               | 
               | Much of the Christian narrative about Jesus and the
               | nature of divinity is influenced by Neo-Platonist
               | thought, and Plato did kind of frame Socrates' story in
               | those terms. So it's not that Socrates was a Jesus
               | figure, Jesus was a Socrates figure.
        
           | kelseyfrog wrote:
           | That's incredibly insightful.
           | 
           | Expanding a bit further, all sorts of problems arise when
           | participants bring with them different conversational frames.
           | Take, for instance, the case where one participant frames a
           | back and forth as in the same way they would a dyadic
           | conversation, while the other participants frames the same
           | strip of events as a debate in front of an audience. The
           | former may see the later as being bombastic or evasive, while
           | the later may see the former as being naive or pestering.
           | There are all sorts of rhetorical registers available or
           | unavailable to each depending on how each frames the exchange
           | and using an "unavailable" rhetorical register in a
           | particular frame can be keyed as a deception. Bad faith
           | arguments, can then be thought of as deliberately fabricating
           | a frame in order to induce a false belief (ex: that the
           | participants share a common frame).
           | 
           | > this is a misaligned incentive that social platforms should
           | correct structurally, rather than via governance or policies.
           | And pushing the corrective actions back down to the
           | individual is a cop-out.
           | 
           | Can platforms do a better job at framing online discussion in
           | such a way that makes it easier to maintain common framing?
           | Which sort of laminations are available or could be invented
           | in order to facilitate common framing and allow readers to
           | identify frame-breaking activity? Platform creators literally
           | create the mediums for these interactions, the choices they
           | make make them structural participants in the ways in which
           | these interactions play out. As such there is an implicit
           | responsibility placed on them because of their agency in this
           | process.
        
           | brimble wrote:
           | I'll do this sometimes in web forums. There are certain
           | points of view expressed certain ways where I already have a
           | pretty good idea of exactly what the poster's opinions are,
           | how they'll defend them, and how they'll respond to any
           | questions, and I know my likelihood of getting them to
           | reconsider or maybe even engage on terms I consider
           | reasonable is nearly zero, but I might reply anyway just so
           | lookers-on can get a sense that there are alternatives to
           | that POV (and that, after a couple back-and-forths, that
           | maybe their position isn't as strong as their very-certain
           | tone implies)
        
           | deadpannini wrote:
           | > if the goal is persuasion then good-faith arguments don't
           | scale.
           | 
           | This is true, but only in a very narrow, specific sense.
           | Arguments don't persuade on their own, they scale with the
           | credibility of the speaker. Speakers gain credibility and
           | respect by:
           | 
           | - Giving good advice.
           | 
           | - Showing good judgement and making accurate predictions.
           | 
           | - Demonstrating that they understand various audience.
           | constituencies, with bonus points for demonstrating that they
           | actually care about these constituencies.
           | 
           | Conversely, there are numerous ways for speakers to destroy
           | that credibility, like a history of making deceptive
           | statements.
           | 
           | For most people, this means good-faith argumentation doesn't
           | scale because they don't have the standing to make people
           | take them seriously. But it isn't a rule of good-faith
           | arguments as such: arguments are just constrained by social
           | factors and by people's finely-tuned heuristics for who's
           | worth taking seriously.
           | 
           | I suspect this is the main reason people are frustrated by
           | internet debates, to the point of wanting to give up on them
           | and just start censoring people. I make what I think is a
           | careful, reasoned case, and in response all I hear is
           | crickets, or trolls, or "lol lol lol lmao lol lol lol". This
           | is because, to almost everyone reading Twitter, Hacker News,
           | Substack, or the NYT comments, _I 'm just a rando_.
           | 
           | It takes time to build respect and credibility, so keep at
           | the good faith discussion, give people a reason to read what
           | you're writing, and keep your relative obscurity in
           | perspective on the way up.
        
             | LeifCarrotson wrote:
             | This is only true at simulacra level 1 [1], when
             | communication is focused on objective facts. This is not a
             | good way to understand communication in business
             | relationships, social media, traditional news media, or
             | politics. I like talking with my friends who communicate
             | this way, but it's not the only way that people
             | communicate, and pretending that it is will lead to
             | confusion.
             | 
             | There are other ways to persuade: You could lie about the
             | facts of the argument, you could convince others you're in
             | their group or that your opponent is in a group opposed to
             | them, or you could say whatever you think they want to hear
             | and sprinkle your message in among it.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/fEX7G2N7CtmZQ3eB5/simul
             | acra-...
        
               | deadpannini wrote:
               | I agree with all of that. The context for my comment is
               | discussions involving good-faith arguments intended to
               | change hearts and minds (more or less object-level or
               | simulacra level 1 arguments).
               | 
               | The parent commenter wrote that "good-faith arguments
               | don't scale". I don't agree with that, because good-faith
               | arguments do scale with social capital. People often run
               | afoul of several problems that make it seem like they
               | don't:
               | 
               | - Their reach exceeds their grasp: they want to persuade
               | strangers, but don't have enough social capital to pull
               | it off.
               | 
               | - They think they're involved in a good-faith discussion
               | or argument, but the other participants are competing for
               | status or trying to entertain themselves (or others).
               | 
               | In other words, I don't think good-faith arguments are
               | the only way to persuade people, but if that's your
               | preferred technique, you have to develop credibility,
               | respect, and trust - on _top_ of building an audience,
               | which is a whole different matter.
        
             | jayspell wrote:
             | I agree with you to a point, but it's not my experience
             | that speakers gain credibility and respect by giving good
             | advice / showing good judgement / making accurate
             | predictions. This would be true in traditional discourse,
             | but not online. Online it feels as if speakers gain an
             | audience by demonstrating their world view as loudly and as
             | viciously as possible. It's like a group of children where
             | one has learned that the way to get attention is to scream
             | louder and longer than the others. I also have this feeling
             | that social media is ruled by those who are willing to
             | spend their time and effort to elevate a particular point
             | of view no matter how unpopular it is.
        
               | SamPatt wrote:
               | I know of many specific examples in my field where the
               | most thoughtful people who operate the most frequently in
               | good faith have nowhere near the following of bad faith
               | loudmouths.
               | 
               | I assume it's entertainment. People enjoy watching drama.
               | Social media is their drama hit, and genuine
               | communicators are frankly more boring.
        
               | deadpannini wrote:
               | The dynamics you describe are real, especially on the big
               | social-media utilities like Twitter, Facebook, YouTube,
               | and TikTok. "Boo outgroup" is the easiest thing to sell
               | in the attention economy, the louder and more viciously,
               | the better.
               | 
               | But "building an audience" is a different than building
               | credibility, trust, and respect. If you just aim for the
               | most eyeballs, you find yourself vulnerable to what some
               | people call _audience capture_ , where your audience
               | controls you, rather than the other way around.
               | 
               | For example, Trump has a huge audience, but that didn't
               | stop an audience from booing him when he recommended
               | getting vaccinated. [0]
               | 
               | The best most of us can hope for, if we're careful, is
               | influence on a small group of people.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-
               | booed-al...
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | > Speakers gain credibility and respect by [...]
             | 
             | Do you mean only at the local level, individually? Because
             | it sure isn't hard to find _extremely_ popular speakers
             | with a great deal of influence that run counter to most of
             | those points. It is hard not to conclude that the only
             | thing that scales well in social media is to correctly
             | deduce what most people want to hear, and then say it.
             | People don 't care about deception, good advice, good faith
             | discussion, none of that, so long as you confirm the biases
             | they already hold.
             | 
             | People really want to be told they are right, and were
             | always right.
        
               | deadpannini wrote:
               | No, I mean at any level.
               | 
               | I agree with the what you're saying, but I'm not talking
               | about things that make people _popular_ , I'm talking
               | about argumentation and what makes someone _persuasive_.
               | I 'm talking about the relatively rare circumstances that
               | can create opportunities to repudiate biases instead of
               | confirm them.
        
               | lkbm wrote:
               | Hypothesis: bad faith communicators are more persuasive
               | among people who mostly agree with them; good faith
               | communicators are more persuasive among people who mostly
               | disagree with them.
               | 
               | Not sure if this is accurate, and I'm sure misses some
               | nuance, but rings true-ish to me.
        
           | BolexNOLA wrote:
           | >Sometimes they are not speaking to you at all, but rather to
           | your listeners. And the larger your pool of listeners the
           | more likely you'll encounter arguments in bad faith because
           | it turns out that if the goal is persuasion then good-faith
           | arguments don't scale.
           | 
           | I hesitate to throw this out there because, in general, I
           | don't agree with all the hot takes such as "the internet has
           | made us dumber" or whatever negative trait is the flavor of
           | the week to blame on technology. But in this case, I'd say a
           | lot of this is the direct result of forums/social media/etc.
           | 
           | People are arguing/debating the same way politicians do on
           | stage with each other. Functionally we are millions of
           | surrogates arguing everywhere for whatever
           | individual/policy/ideal we believe in. The goal isn't to
           | change the mind of your "opponent," it's to convince
           | onlookers that you're right. And whether that victory is the
           | result of the "better argument" is secondary - the point is
           | to win over the most people by whatever means are deemed most
           | effective. This is bad for dialogue, but (usually) great for
           | winning debate competitions.
        
         | Vinnl wrote:
         | > If I ever find myself in a conversation where I'm in the
         | shoes of Person A, using good-faith communication means
         | actually risking a complete failure of communication. Why even
         | bother to communicate?
         | 
         | The article actually addresses this, and in a good way IMHO (in
         | the paragraph starting "Avoiding social catastrophe"). The
         | reason to both to communicate, in such cases, is to attempt to
         | demonstrate your willingness (and ability!) to engage in good
         | faith, and thereby eventually restoring faith in Person B that
         | good-faith communication is _possible_.
         | 
         | Note that this is explicitly not an attempt to convince the
         | other party of whatever it is you're arguing about. The goal is
         | not to change their view, but to restore a society in which
         | discussion about those views in good faith is at least possible
         | again.
        
         | ehnto wrote:
         | > If I ever find myself in a conversation where I'm in the
         | shoes of Person A, using good-faith communication means
         | actually risking a complete failure of communication. Why even
         | bother to communicate?
         | 
         | Unfortunately you can't always know ahead of time, even here on
         | HN I have found that sometimes if I give an inch, others will
         | take a mile. But if that happens I think you have two options:
         | Out right correction, just outright say "Hey wait a minute,
         | that's not what I meant." or, step back and accept that you are
         | probably not changing this persons mind today.
         | 
         | The trouble with the internet, or really any public speaking,
         | is that you might accidentally end up on the side of the
         | conversation you are against in the eyes of the public, so just
         | letting it go may not be a good idea.
        
         | slothtrop wrote:
         | I think to an extent people do this unconsciously, or offenders
         | don't realize their projection onto others is bad faith. It's
         | habit that is mistakenly believed to be a good heuristic. I
         | expect this triggers as they switch to "argument" mode
         | following contradiction, assuming a posture of
         | attacking/defending, casting nuance aside.
         | 
         | As online spaces are concerned, one thing I liked about forums
         | is that communities, while large, became increasingly familiar
         | and you could reasonably expect _some_ good faith discussion
         | over time. On spaces like reddit, all the tip toeing in the
         | world doesn 't prevent it. You could be Mr Rogers speaking to
         | someone's "elephant in the brain" and it wouldn't prevent it.
        
         | sacrosancty wrote:
         | Isn't that more about drifting meaning of the language? "You
         | might be right" is a common way of actually meaning to say "I
         | reluctantly agree that you're definitely right".
        
           | I_complete_me wrote:
           | Did you forget the addendum "and I was definitely wrong"
           | because that's how I use it!
        
       | tappio wrote:
       | Can someone point me to an example of a society where good faith
       | communication has dominated? This article paints a picture that
       | the issue is something new, but I don't know any human society
       | where bad faith communication was not a norm. Differences are
       | mainly related to power structures and who holds the Power to
       | communicate. Besides, this is really a dualist perspective to
       | communication. What if most communication is neither good faith
       | or bad faith, but something in between?
        
         | motohagiography wrote:
         | Examples I would use would be sports teams, construction teams,
         | hunting groups, military units, sailing crews, fraternal
         | organizations, and other environents that apprehend
         | consequences from playing games. These are environments where
         | competence and integrity are moral virtues, and
         | misrepresentation has real consequences.
         | 
         | Good faith communication is not the norm in bureaucracies,
         | institutions, large cities, and other environments where there
         | are no significant or collective consequences to being
         | misleading.
        
           | tappio wrote:
           | By society I meant civilizations, such as ancient Greece. I
           | think I articulated it poorly.
           | 
           | I believe that good faith communication dominates in ingroup
           | discussion. Trust matters when you discuss with peers whose
           | approval matters to you. Bad faith communication dominates in
           | outgroup discussion. Trust is not important as you really
           | don't care about the "others".
        
       | cycomanic wrote:
       | Generally a good article, but unfortunately it falls into the
       | political trap.
       | 
       | > Both ends of the political spectrum (the far left and the far
       | right) express this view. Both sides believe that "the other
       | side" simply can't be trusted and therefore cannot be engaged in
       | good faith.
       | 
       | I find it unfortunate that they blame this behaviour only on the
       | extremes, because it is prevalent amongst moderates who often
       | even state "you can't discuss/negotiate with extremists" and
       | engage in bad faith communications towards the extremes.
        
       | alwaysdoit wrote:
       | I am a pretty big advocate for good faith communication and think
       | the article is right that it is necessary. The thing that
       | disheartens me though, is the asymmetric nature of the problem:
       | good faith communication is hard. It takes time and patience. Bad
       | faith communication is easy. You can write 20 bad faith drive by
       | comments in the time it takes to post one thoughtful reply. And
       | due to the wide open nature of most of these platforms you're
       | rarely interacting with the same person twice. So it's hard not
       | to feel that that effort is entirely going to waste.
        
         | mojzu wrote:
         | I agree, I think it's also likely that in many scenarios bad
         | faith communication is more successful in the short term. You
         | can appeal to a persons emotions, disparage the person making
         | the argument, exclude nuance to make simple memorable
         | statements, etc. Which is where I struggle with settling on a
         | strategy for dealing with it (and trying to prevent myself from
         | doing it), since so much of our lives are geared
         | towards/optimised for short term results
        
       | bongoman37 wrote:
        
       | boredumb wrote:
       | We've trained society to believe they are bringing in some form
       | of enlightenment and all who disagree with the orthodoxy
       | portrayed by popular media are quite literally evil and held with
       | contempt. We've banned, censored, demonetized and ostracized
       | people who disagree by finding even the most minuscule lapses of
       | political correctness and excommunicating them from the public
       | sphere or our own personal communities. We are training the youth
       | (children books to graduates) that politics and culture are black
       | and white (sometimes quite literally...), that people are divided
       | into oppressed vs oppressors, privileged vs victims, good vs
       | evil, activists vs status quo, rich vs poor.
       | 
       | There is nothing you can do at this point on an individual level
       | in 90% or more of interactions where you are in a political or
       | social disagreement with someone using good faith communication
       | without it being used to crucify you and be seen as naive,
       | uninformed or apathetic. People have not arrived to their own
       | opinions based on good faith communication or information, they
       | have found themselves there through over socialization,
       | indoctrination, bullying, media bombardment, and fear of not
       | being part of the in-group that they are told are on the right
       | side of history - and so they can only operate on that level of
       | thought and "reasoning". Entitled "activists" and cultural busy
       | bodies aren't going to suddenly find a viewpoint that has been
       | deemed to them by authoritative figures (professors, celebrities,
       | peer group majorities) as the views of an "SJW", "Nazis",
       | "Fascists", "Rednecks", or "Libtards" as a suddenly viable option
       | without suffering massive cognitive dissonance and you showing
       | humility for/steelmanning their opinions will not change that, it
       | will only further cement things for them if they are even
       | listening and not just waiting for you to finish in order to pop
       | the cork off their next manufactured talking point.
        
       | kazinator wrote:
       | I don't agree with certain important points of this article. It
       | is rooted in what seems to be the following unwritten tenets:
       | 
       | 1. _There is no truth; everything is relative. Therefore anyone
       | who becomes convinced of anything (even if rationally so!) and
       | remains in a debate is a bad actor._
       | 
       | 2. _People who disagree can continue to debate forever, forever
       | doubting their own positions and maintaining a willingness to
       | change to the other side. The debate is just a game; there are no
       | consequences as to who is right or wrong, therefore anyone who
       | believes they have "skin in the game" is like a child who gets
       | carried away with a game._
       | 
       | 3. _Because the truth is relative, and debates are just a game
       | with no consequences, whenever some claim of truth is used to
       | establish guidelines regarding behavior claimed to be harmful to
       | the world, that is just an unproven suggestion: those who are not
       | convinced of the debate should be free to carry on as they wish.
       | The slightest coercion in this constitutes totalitarianism more
       | befitting of North Korea than a constitutional democracy._
       | 
       | Note how many of the examples of the "Common Strategies of Bad
       | Faith Communication", those that are not about general poor
       | debating tactics anyone uses, are drawn from the behavior of some
       | of those whose belief is based on rational information, e.g. from
       | science. The list is not balanced by mentioning the specific
       | strategies of other side: such as
       | 
       | - the willingness to reject a mountain of evidence (e.g. as
       | "fake") against one's view in order to cling to a teaspoon
       | supporting one's view.
       | 
       | - making up statements and believing in them
       | 
       | - referring to irrelevant authorities.
       | 
       | - general disdain for learning and intellect.
       | 
       | This article is a manifesto for those who want to be forever
       | doubting facts, and forever to be treated with silk gloves,
       | forever to be implored to think, forever to require extraordinary
       | effort on the part of others to find ways to convince. And most
       | importantly: forever to be excused from following any
       | inconvenient rules for avoiding harm, out of the utmost respect
       | for one's non-acceptance of an argument.
       | 
       | "Rules are based in truth. Truth is relative, therefore, the
       | rules have no validity; I will conform to them if you find a way
       | to convince me you're right (which is unlikely to ever happen)
       | but please always behave toward me without a hint of contempt
       | while you choose to engage me. An acceptable 'end game' of a
       | debate is that we 'agree to disagree' with the utmost debating
       | respect, and go our separate ways without changing any behavior
       | that is contingent on the content of the debate."
       | 
       | Also, I would add the following as a genuine bad-faith strategy
       | in online debating:
       | 
       |  _Posting key arguments not as plain text, but images of text
       | from which excerpts cannot be easily quoted without retyping or
       | OCR tools.*_
        
       | coding123 wrote:
       | There's no way to win an argument anymore because the goalposts
       | don't even exist anymore. All of the groups that exist have
       | decided to remove them so that instead of winning small battles,
       | they win the entire narrative by removing all goalposts (the
       | thing that locks some conversation or argument inside some
       | constraint). Without those constraints there's literally no
       | argument to be had. At that point people just talk past each
       | other so all that's really left in America is if your local radio
       | stations tend to be more left or right. And whether you have Fox
       | or CNN on your TV.
        
       | airforce1 wrote:
       | Really good article. Succinctly articulates and categorizes types
       | of online social interactions I've observed over the past decade.
       | I'm guilty of occasionally engaging bad faith communications
       | myself. I'm trying to do better. For a while now I've felt this
       | uneasiness that the escalating social discord we've been seeing
       | over the past ~5 years could have disastrous consequences. I'm
       | starting to think in terms of urgency, this year-over-year
       | escalation of social discord needs to be addressed even before
       | climate change.
        
       | aaron695 wrote:
        
       | lucidbee wrote:
       | I have realized when browsing some twitter culture war exchanges
       | that people almost never respond to the opposing party's
       | arguments. They imagine a set of arguments that uses some of the
       | same words and then argue with that. This type of exchange never
       | results in agreement -- or even the exchange of information! It's
       | unhinged from any communicative act. It's merely inflammatory.
       | 
       | I do think this is extremely problematic in the long run.
        
         | Cthulhu_ wrote:
         | That's just it, neither side goes to Twitter for a good faith
         | argument, they're there to vent and lash out, but they've
         | already dismissed the other party.
         | 
         | I mean not always, but I do wonder if the posts that LOOK like
         | they're in good faith are also misleading as such.
         | 
         | Best thing to do is to not spend the energy. Don't engage with
         | anyone if they don't have an open mind or are acting in bad
         | faith. If it's more neutral, you can always ask "What will it
         | take you to change your mind?"; the answer of that will
         | determine if it's worth spending energy on. And the answer to
         | that could be done in bad faith as well - for example, if the
         | other says "I will change my mind if I see a scientific paper
         | disproving me", but then proceeds to not actually read any
         | scientific paper sent to them, they were acting in bad faith
         | all along.
        
           | a_square_peg wrote:
           | Another point about social media - it's structurally easier
           | to say things (done with a single 're-tweet' click to
           | thousands of people) but increasingly difficult to listen
           | (you still have only one thing you can focus), and even
           | harder to carry on a two-way conversation because of this
           | disparity. Even if everyone is well intended, it would be
           | difficult if everyone is talking at the same time now mix in
           | bad-faith actors and the situation becomes dire.
        
         | Nowado wrote:
         | Addressing your opponent position lets them pick what the topic
         | is. They are picking a topic their position is strong at.
         | Therefore addressing your opponent position in limited-
         | attention setting (aka publicly) is simply a losing move.
        
           | number6 wrote:
           | So the only wining move is not to play?
        
             | Cthulhu_ wrote:
             | For your own sanity, yeah I think so; online 'debates' only
             | drain energy and attention if the other party is not acting
             | in good faith.
             | 
             | That said, if you are playing, the winning move is not to
             | play _their games_. Don 't engage with their attempted
             | straw man arguments, or end up in endless discussions about
             | semantics. Some of the best debates I've seen / read were
             | people not playing games and not reacting to bad faith
             | arguments / tactics, but instead cleverly pointing out
             | something else.
        
             | nicbou wrote:
             | I have stopped playing, and it turned out to be the winning
             | move.
             | 
             | I get involved in conversations, but not in heated debates.
             | I don't even dignify bad faith responses with an answer.
             | 
             | Participation is optional. If it's pointless and
             | unpleasant, I don't bother anymore.
        
               | ohwellhere wrote:
               | I try to do the same, now. From my perspective, a
               | prerequisite is divorcing conversation from the concept
               | of "winning."
        
               | nicbou wrote:
               | Same here, although I just redefine winning to learning
               | something new, seeing a different perspective or refining
               | my own position. It's all about exchanging information.
        
             | watwut wrote:
             | No, if you dont play, then your opponent point of view is
             | the only one out there. People will move their opinions to
             | match your opponents more.
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | I used to think like that.
               | 
               | My online posting life got a lot less stressful once I
               | realized that the world will be exactly the same if I
               | neglect to rebut some twitter user's bad/uninformed point
               | of view.
               | 
               | Maybe you have a ton more social clout than I do, though
               | :P
        
             | Nowado wrote:
             | There seems to be an assumption that the opponent isn't a
             | competent player. They might be.
             | 
             | The winning move is to seem like the winning side of
             | discourse in their space.
             | 
             | The truly winning move is to own a media conglomerate
             | including social psychology people in communications.
        
         | wskinner wrote:
         | The purpose of such exchanges is not to communicate information
         | to the other participant. It is to signal allegiance to one's
         | own side. This dynamic tends to drive people who already
         | disagree further apart, and those who already agree, closer.
        
         | ben_w wrote:
         | Hmm. I no longer log into Twitter, but I do browse it without
         | being logged in[0]. At least with regard to Brexit (about which
         | it seems the argument is still raging), pro and anti do seem to
         | engage with each other, the problem is they reject each other's
         | evidence.
         | 
         | [0] The annoying popups you get when you scroll too far without
         | being logged in, do at least prevent me from doom-scrolling
        
           | lethologica wrote:
           | You can actually close that screen if you click the login
           | button. The next screen will have an x to close the window in
           | the top right.
        
           | Cthulhu_ wrote:
           | re: Brexit, the "argument" has been poisoned by high level
           | bad actors who pay money to have people and bots go on
           | Twitter to defend their point, who pay for advertising /
           | propaganda campaigns, etc. That goes far beyond some bad
           | faith actors on twitter.
           | 
           | This extends to a lot of politics these days. There are well-
           | financed parties out there whose goal is to destabilize,
           | mainly targeting the US and Europe but I'm sure it happens
           | everywhere. These are the ones behind Trump getting elected,
           | Brexit proceeding even though only 28% of eligible voters
           | voted in favor of it, the referendum being bad for only
           | having two options, and the referendum only being advisory,
           | and countries like Hungary and Poland shifting hard to
           | authoritarian right, breaking with the separation of state
           | and justice.
           | 
           | These forces have the destabilization of post-ww2 unions in
           | mind on the one hand, and people focusing on each other
           | internally instead of internationally on the other. Think
           | things like JK Rowling's trolling, Trump coming out with
           | something that all of twitter and the media pounce on, Reddit
           | brigades.
        
           | hans1729 wrote:
           | >The annoying popups you get when you scroll too far without
           | being logged in, do at least prevent me from doom-scrolling
           | 
           | I feel the same way! When they come up, my reaction is
           | "nice"+cmd-w. Thanks, twitter!
           | 
           | To your response: I mean, there are _some_ curious people on
           | twitter. Curious people don 't engage in the problematic
           | dynamics outlied in the article, so some exchange of
           | information happens there. That's clearly not representative
           | of the bigger picture though, simply because the most people
           | can't afford curiosity, courtesy of their cognitive functions
           | (if you subscribe to Jungs model) and/or their position in
           | maslows pyramid.
        
         | dalbasal wrote:
         | Addressing opposing arguments directly is not really a feature
         | of arguing. That kind of good faith debate is more of a special
         | case debate.
         | 
         | It's just not what public debate is. You see rookie politicians
         | do it, but it's generally a mistake.
         | 
         | A huge part of what political debate is, is dominating the
         | _frame_. The frame. The key facts, alternative or otherwise.
         | The key question being debated.
         | 
         | Once those are established, the conclusion tends to be trivial.
        
           | LambdaTrain wrote:
           | I am not familiar with public debate. Before two persons
           | start a public debate, is it a common assumption that you are
           | going to hold your ground till the end, whatever the
           | information provided by the opponent?
           | 
           | There is no flow of information and I could not see this form
           | of acts as "communication" - it seems to be more like a kind
           | of art/show/performance.
        
             | PeterisP wrote:
             | The goal of a public debate is to influence the perception
             | of the many passive listeners, not the few other
             | participants of the debate; There is extensive flow of
             | information/communication, but it's simply not aimed
             | towards the other participants of the debate.
             | 
             | So a key part of such debates becomes influencing or
             | provoking others to talk about things that advance your
             | cause and avoiding discussion of things that hurt it. E.g.
             | if someone says "you eat babies" and you respond with
             | extensive evidence that you don't, then that public debate
             | becomes a debate about you being a baby-eater and not
             | whatever you wanted to promote.
        
             | dalbasal wrote:
             | Im not sure I was using the term correctly. What I mean is
             | arguing or discussing matters of public discourse...
             | politics and whatnot.
        
             | krainboltgreene wrote:
             | Correct, public debate is theater.
        
         | LambdaTrain wrote:
         | It goes far beyond twitter culture. Even in daily conversation
         | there are people who only open out port and close in port. One
         | signal is that whenever you bring up a perspective (either in
         | support/disagreement) this person gonna continue his speech and
         | make the conversation expereince like attending a lecture.
        
           | Cthulhu_ wrote:
           | Tongue in cheek, I'd call that "racist uncle at
           | thanksgiving".
        
           | nicbou wrote:
           | If your packets keep bouncing, you stop sending 'em. Their
           | packets get ACKed and disregarded.
        
         | probably_wrong wrote:
         | My main concern in online discussions is that you're
         | effectively arguing against a hydra. Even if you successfully
         | convince a group of people about the validity of a specific
         | point, there will always be someone else who will show up to
         | continue arguing (often, as you say, with a completely
         | different argument). And if someone successfully convinces me
         | that my argument was wrong, there is no way for me to declare
         | the point settled - someone else will show up and keep the
         | discussion going.
         | 
         | It's turtles all the way down, where each turtle is yelling at
         | the one on top.
        
           | Cthulhu_ wrote:
           | It's my personal belief that the endless arguing as you
           | describe is the main point of Twitter for a lot of people;
           | they're not there to settle an argument or to have their mind
           | changed, they're there for the heated discussions.
           | 
           | And I kinda get it, I was there for it as well and to this
           | day will make shitposts on the internet with no intent to
           | actually engage with any replies <_<
        
             | andyjohnson0 wrote:
             | > It's my personal belief that the endless arguing as you
             | describe is the main point of Twitter for a lot of people;
             | they're not there to settle an argument or to have their
             | mind changed, they're there for the heated discussions.
             | 
             | 'twas ever thus - some people just like arguing. Give them
             | an amplifier and they'll never stop. Usenet was the same,
             | back in the day, so its nothing new.
        
             | prox wrote:
             | I would recognize that as just another form of bad faith
             | communication. If you're not in a debate to listen, learn
             | and see things from another perspective you are just in it
             | for emotional reasons ("I want to be right","Look how cool
             | I am","My way or the highway", etc)
        
             | adamhp wrote:
             | There's no function similar to "likes", "upvotes", or
             | "reddit gold" that incentivizes good faith communication
             | either. The features are too ambiguous. One community on
             | reddit https://www.reddit.com/r/changemyview/ invented
             | their own "delta" awards, where you submit a stance, people
             | try to convince you otherwise, and if they do, they're
             | awarded a "delta".
             | 
             | It's a small community, but it's an interesting experiment
             | at what online communication could be.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | mr_toad wrote:
         | > people almost never respond to the opposing party's arguments
         | 
         | What do you think 'stay on message' means? It's as old as
         | rhetoric itself.
         | 
         | Cathago delenda est!
        
       | jon37 wrote:
       | "Bad Faith Communication: discourse that is intended to achieve
       | behavioral outcomes (including consensus, agreement, "likes")
       | irrespective of achieving true mutual understanding"
       | 
       | I would argue that nearly all advertisements fit this
       | description. The field of advertising has achieved a massive
       | technological leap over the past few decades.
        
         | Dracophoenix wrote:
         | Or religions, traditions, cultures, political slogans and
         | reductionisms of apply sorts. Essentially, anything that fits
         | within the realm of the Noble Lie.
        
       | TimPC wrote:
       | Steelmanning is a bad idea that needs to go away. It's pretty
       | condescending to say "your argument was bad I fixed it for you".
       | It's also confusing when someone tries to improve an argument
       | before responding to it. Lastly, steelmanning done poorly changes
       | an argument into something that's easier to respond to without
       | necessarily improving it. It might be a good concept for academic
       | debates in ivory towers. In general, it's confusing and wildly
       | impractical.
        
         | deadpannini wrote:
         | There's a risk that steel-manning can veer into condescension,
         | but the real goal is to find a version of an argument that all
         | parties agree represents it accurately and fairly.
         | 
         | (As opposed to wasting time on superficial contradictions,
         | reductio ad absurdum variations, and other hazards of bad faith
         | conflicts.)
        
       | nickdothutton wrote:
       | What an interesting and thoughtful article. However we will not
       | restore good-faith communication in public spaces. It's a 1-way
       | process. This is why the future will be (I think) smaller and
       | more selective communities where good-faith discourse can occur
       | between a select sub-set of people. Probably the sort of people
       | who do not feel threatened intellectually or otherwise in
       | indulging in such an exchange. You are not going to educate or
       | persuade "the mass" to change their approach now.
       | 
       | If you disagree with me then you are evil and on the wrong side
       | of history and I will summon a mob against you. ;-)
        
         | oneoff786 wrote:
         | No I think that's the dangerous part. It used to be hard to
         | hold radical fringe opinions. If you openly identified as a
         | Klansman you would likely get shunned in most communities. Your
         | exchange of social power for your idiotic beliefs was made open
         | and clear.
         | 
         | Now it's very easy to find a large safe space to discuss these
         | beliefs and organize without social ridicule. And by doing so,
         | it becomes easier for others to join in.
         | 
         | We have lost the power of the shun. Cancelling is the awkward
         | and unwieldy big brother version. It's not nearly as effective.
        
       | AussieWog93 wrote:
       | Is "bad faith communication" always in bad faith (ie, socially
       | undesirable)? Some people are just wrong because they are talking
       | out of their arse, and need to be put in their place.
        
         | seadan83 wrote:
         | Depends how they are talking out of their arse, are they open
         | to new ideas? The other side, is the dialog more to put them in
         | their place, or more to illuminate the depths of their arse?
         | 
         | The bad faith is more about how the communication is done and
         | the end goals
        
       | foxes wrote:
       | At this stage I just reject communication anyway, I am never
       | going to reach some dumb compromise with conservatives,
       | [homo,trans]-phobes, racists, oligarch supporters, climate change
       | deniers etc. In my view they are morally, ethically,
       | scientifically wrong so there is absolutely nothing constructive
       | to even engage with. I don't think the fundamental problem is:
       | 
       | >wow if only you just were good faith and were able to engage
       | with these people!
       | 
       | They are fundamentally opposed to everything I stand for. I don't
       | think communication is possible. Maybe there are unaligned or
       | uniformed people that are still to pick, but the only solution is
       | actually building a better society, and one side winning.
        
         | bccdee wrote:
         | I think the fundamental mistake this article makes is in
         | assuming that bad-faith tactics are non-partisan. It's not as
         | if fake news is coming from equally both sides of the spectrum.
         | It's not as if there can be any equivocacy between Trump's
         | administration and Biden's administration in terms of their
         | willingness to lie. Right-wing media and left-wing media do not
         | manipulate the truth to equivalent degrees. Science does not
         | equally support liberal and conservative ideas about medicine
         | and the environment.
         | 
         | I'm not saying that no elements of the left operate in bad
         | faith, or that elements of the right do not operate in good
         | faith. I'm saying that (as the saying goes) reality has a
         | liberal bias, and the question is not "how do we fix the
         | discourse," but rather "how do we fix _what conservatives have
         | deliberately done to the discourse. "_
        
           | beaconstudios wrote:
           | There's also the advent of the political dogwhistle, which is
           | a pretty effective form of doublespeak invented by the right
           | to court fiscal conservatives and racists simultaneously [1],
           | that's done tons of damage to discourse. Part of the reason
           | many on the left are trigger-happy with accusations that seem
           | to come from nowhere is because Trump mainstreamed far right
           | dogwhistling into American politics.
           | 
           | 1: this has been explicitly admitted:
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog_whistle_(politics)
        
       | rolandog wrote:
       | I hadn't heard about steelmanning [0], and it was definitely a
       | pleasant thing to learn about.
       | 
       | > _A steel man argument (or steelmanning) is the opposite of a
       | straw man argument. The idea is to help one 's opponent to
       | construct the strongest form of their argument. This may involve
       | removing flawed assumptions that could be easily refuted, for
       | example, so that one produces the best argument for the "core" of
       | one's opponent's position. It has been advocated as a more
       | productive strategy in political dialog that promotes real
       | understanding and compromise instead of fueling partisanship by
       | discussing only the weakest arguments of the opposition._
       | 
       | [0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straw_man#Steelmanning
        
         | dlivingston wrote:
         | Steelmanning the opposing side's perspective is an _extremely_
         | effective tactic to convince people of your own perspective.
         | 
         | That sounds cynical, but what I mean is this:
         | 
         | - Steelmanning the "enemy position" indicates that your
         | argument takes into account all of the nuance of the "enemy
         | position"
         | 
         | - It indicates that you're arguing in good faith, and not going
         | for an easy win
         | 
         | In other words,
         | 
         | - Steelmanning indicates: "I have looked at the problem space,
         | and this position fits it the best."
         | 
         | - Strawmanning indicates: "I will present the problem space in
         | a way that fits this position the best."
         | 
         | Subtle, but important and gives you a lot of credibility as a
         | speaker.
        
       | senguidev wrote:
       | Here's an alternative ending: what if good faith communication
       | was superior to bad faith in a systemic way ?
       | 
       | Clues:
       | 
       | - at a personal level: have you ever tried to put in practice
       | "highly skilled, non-naive good faith communication" ? If you
       | did, you've probably noted that more often than not, it doesn't
       | make you weaker. It increases your value, your status, even your
       | financial success. So maybe this could also be a
       | contagious/unstoppable strategy simply because it has an edge for
       | personal success ?
       | 
       | - as an organization: good faith leadership, good faith
       | communication... seem to overall be a competitive advantage
       | because it goes hand-in-hand with happy & productive people
       | 
       | - as a society: democracy emerged despite a world of tyrants to
       | take over most a the world. Why ? Maybe because it was stronger
       | in a systemic way ? It unlocks collaboration, decentralization,
       | resilience... Moreover, it doesn't sound unreasonable that
       | democracy would be fittest as poverty diminishes. So maybe
       | authoritarianism, not democracy, is in danger of extinction in
       | the end ?
       | 
       | Result: instead of spiraling bad faith, maybe we will have
       | (though slower) spiraling good faith ? Maybe "good faith" will
       | win simply because it's stronger, in a kind of evolutionary
       | sense.
       | 
       | This has implications in everyday life : practicing "highly
       | skilled, non-naive good faith communication" may be the best way
       | to personal success. And this may also be the best way to
       | incidentally induce a "good faith" society
        
         | pydry wrote:
         | Good faith communication was a cornerstone of Jeremy Corbyn's
         | leadership. It wasnt just a strategy it was who he was.
         | 
         | While it won him lots of supporters it ultimately resulted in
         | his downfall as he refused to use underhanded rhetorical
         | attacks of any kind, even when the ends clearly justified the
         | means.
        
         | mindvirus wrote:
         | Your comment makes me think, I wonder if some of the problem is
         | power imbalances and one off communication leads to bad faith
         | communication being a better strategy.
         | 
         | For example, in social media the votes outweigh the replies 10
         | to 100 fold, and fewer people read the replies than the first
         | post (especially on sites where it's an extra click to see
         | comments).
         | 
         | Yet to your point, if it's iterated, that doesn't work as well.
         | Of course this isn't just a technical problem, but I wonder if
         | there's a way to weight high quality commenters similar to high
         | quality posters, and if that leads to the virtuous cycle you
         | describe.
        
         | fxtentacle wrote:
         | No matter if you're correct or not, we (society) should really
         | push that narrative.
         | 
         | "HIGHSUN: Your way to personal success through highly skilled,
         | non-naive good faith communication"
         | 
         | also sounds like a great title for a self-help bestseller ;)
        
         | banannaise wrote:
         | Highly skilled, non-naive good faith communication is
         | successful because it allows you to curate a community of good-
         | faith communicators. Attempting to apply that when talking to
         | bad-faith communicators leads to disaster.
         | 
         | Bad-faith communicators occupy a _lot_ of powerful positions.
         | Perhaps even the large majority.
        
           | senguidev wrote:
           | That sounds right, I can relate to the curation effect.
           | Whether it's another factor promoting success or against it
           | remains to be explored
        
         | q-base wrote:
         | I hope your analysis is correct. On a personal level I have
         | found it to work just as you describe, but on a more systemic
         | higher level I am not yet convinced - I hope - but I am sadly
         | not convinced.
        
           | senguidev wrote:
           | Yeah, this is understandable. TBH I'm still trying to
           | strengthen the intuition and looking for more clues that it
           | scales.
           | 
           | The good thing is: the strategy for personal success seems to
           | be aligned with the strategy for a global good faith. So I
           | can live with doubts: maybe it scales, maybe it doesn't. That
           | doesn't change my daily behaviour, I'm maximizing for myself.
           | This is not a prisoner dilemna where I lose if I cooperate.
           | 
           | I would even argue that if it wasn't aligned, this would
           | certainly be doomed.
           | 
           | The books "Reinventing Organizations" (Frederic Laloux) and
           | "The New Economics for Industry, Government, Education"
           | (Edward Deming) (intro: https://apenwarr.ca/log/20161226)
           | gave me good intuitions that this can work at least at a
           | corporate level.
        
             | q-base wrote:
             | No I agree again on a personal level. But on a "global"
             | level I can still be worried about the implications of bad
             | faith communication.
             | 
             | Thanks a lot for the book recommendations. I read the intro
             | you linked and it really piqued my interest.
        
             | seer wrote:
             | BTW, not sure how much you've lived in or are in contact
             | with people in authoritarian states, but that strategy
             | (being in good fatih in general) most certainly does not
             | lead to more success, on a personal level.
             | 
             | The best strategy there is to suck up to people in
             | authority and derive benefits from that. Since (as the
             | [Rules for
             | rulers](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rStL7niR7gs) idea
             | states) authoritarian societies have way less keys, you
             | will gain much more respectively if you're successful at
             | sucking up to a power key.
             | 
             | And that's why good faith strategies work great in open
             | democracies - since there are _a lot of_ albeit smaller
             | keys, just sucking up is harder, and its easier just to
             | have a reputation of competence, then you can go from one
             | key to another and keep what you've earned. Merit and
             | proven record both become more profitable for an
             | individual, and since there is high trust between keys, it
             | can also be transferable.
             | 
             | That's also a reason why authoritarian societies are so big
             | on loyalty, since on a personal level, there are so much
             | less keys, its better for you to stick with the one you
             | have, and since there is way less trust in the society, you
             | can't easily transfer your influence with one key to
             | another.
             | 
             | Honestly that video (or more so the book it was based on)
             | should be a required reading in all schools...
        
               | senguidev wrote:
               | I'm immensely lucky to live a comfortable life in a
               | democratic country. So you're right, there is probably a
               | blindspot here. Good faith sounds definitely more fit for
               | a kinder and more open environment.
               | 
               | However, there were no such "kind" environments a few
               | centuries ago. Yet they managed to be bootstraped against
               | their surroundings. So maybe there is clues that we
               | underestimate the strength of "high-skilled good faith"
               | strategies in adversarial situations? But again, I can't
               | really imagine what it's like to live in authoritarian
               | states so my thoughts must not be very relevant here.
               | 
               | I've seen Rules for rulers previously and remember it
               | pretty well as it was quite instructive. It didn't
               | provide enough guiding answers for me to the question
               | "And so, knowing that, how should I behave to live my
               | best possible life ??"
        
           | csharpminor wrote:
           | For some systems it seems as though a prisoners dilemma
           | develops where communicating in bad faith can give one actor
           | an edge over another.
           | 
           | In company environments I think it's a factor of size and
           | what core leadership will tolerate. With a good CEO, it's
           | hard for a bad-faith leader to thrive at a 1000 person
           | company. But at 3000 (anecdotally) it somehow becomes easier
           | for this behavior to thrive.
        
             | jungturk wrote:
             | This general concept is described in the "evolutionarily
             | stable strategies" aspect of game theory.
             | 
             | In certain environments (say, one dominated by good-faith
             | communicators) it may be advantageous to be a bad-faith
             | communicator, while in other environments it may not.
             | 
             | The resulting fluctuations in the mix of strategies
             | deployed in the environment (as agents seek out better
             | performing strategies) may well be unstable (i.e. a
             | particular strategy's performance depends on what's
             | presently dominant).
        
         | thow-58d4e8b wrote:
         | Good faith communication is maladaptive on large scale
         | 
         | Imagine the war scenario. The honest, good-faith communication
         | would be like: _If we capitulate outright, the worst thing that
         | happens is paying taxes to somewhere else, and the set of faces
         | on TV news will change to a different set of faces. Anyway,
         | please go and die to prevent that from happening, while the
         | people who have the most at stake hide in safety_
         | 
         | It's not difficult to see why bad-faith war propaganda beats
         | that every time
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | > If we capitulate outright, the worst thing that happens is
           | paying taxes to somewhere else, and the set of faces on TV
           | news will change to a different set of faces. Anyway, please
           | go and die to prevent that from happening, while the people
           | who have the most at stake hide in safety
           | 
           | Is that actual truth? It seems to me that in quite a lot of
           | wars, there is a lot more in stake then just where you pay
           | taxes or who is on TV. This is not a good faith communication
           | - this is flat out lie.
           | 
           | And also, civilian casualties in wars outnumber military
           | ones. Soldiers do die a lot ... but causalities and suffering
           | in wars are not limited to them.
        
           | daedalus_f wrote:
           | > The honest, good-faith communication would be like...
           | 
           | Perhaps I don't understand your point, but the experiences of
           | people in the states annexed by the Soviet Union would beg to
           | differ.
        
           | m12k wrote:
           | We're seeing the opposite play out in real time in Ukraine
           | though. One side tells its soldiers that they are fighting a
           | desperate battle to repel an invading dictator. The other
           | side tells its soldiers that they are going on a training
           | exercise in Belarus, then shoves them across the border
           | telling them they will be welcomed as liberators, then
           | finally switches to some handwavy explanation about nazis.
           | The latter has massively worse morale and battlefield
           | performance than the former.
           | 
           | And not only that, the bad-faith communication goes back
           | decades, and the equipment the invaders are fighting with is
           | in disrepair because local administrators and subcontractors
           | have been lying to those in charge while pocketing
           | maintenance funds. We're seeing, in a massive way, the havoc
           | that a culture of deceit wreaks on any organization or
           | society's ability to function coherently.
        
             | Cthulhu_ wrote:
             | Ukraine was morally indefensible from the start, as was the
             | Nazi invasion of Europe; with the latter though, they had
             | captured the "hearts and minds" of their own people thanks
             | to over a decade of increasing propaganda. Hitler pulled
             | Germany from an economic downturn post-WW2, and the showy
             | militaristic theming really got people excited. And it
             | still does, but for a much smaller demographic - current-
             | day nazis like the combat boots and flags too.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | > Hitler pulled Germany from an economic downturn post-
               | WW2 and the showy militaristic theming really got people
               | excited
               | 
               | You probably meant WWI, but afaik, historians dispute
               | that one. He was not that good in economy.
               | 
               | I t
        
               | Gibbon1 wrote:
               | There are two periods of economic problems in Germany in
               | the 1920's. The first involved economic collapse and
               | hyper inflation in the early 20's immediately after WWI.
               | The second started in 1929 and was a deflationary event.
               | Argument I've seen is the sooner a country got off the
               | gold standard the sooner things improved. Everyone but
               | the French did that. Which is to say the solution wasn't
               | rocket science.
        
         | Nowado wrote:
         | > at a personal level: have you ever tried to put in practice
         | "highly skilled, non-naive good faith communication" ? If you
         | did, you've probably noted that more often than not, it doesn't
         | make you weaker. It increases your value, your status, even
         | your financial success.
         | 
         | Opposite experience. It leads to wasting time, especially
         | compared to getting to the same conclusions using more
         | effective, if less 'true', tactics. It just doesn't scale.
         | 
         | At some level good faith is superior on a very large scale,
         | since the reality tends to provide a somewhat consistent
         | feedback, but there remains a local niche of maxxing out
         | persuasion skill tree. Not to beat dead horse, but large
         | organizations with too much resources seem particularly prone -
         | it is an obviously self correcting mechanism, but the tactic
         | remains valid locally.
        
           | louis___ wrote:
           | I would think that it scales, but that effectively practicing
           | "highly skilled, non-naive good faith communication" is very
           | difficult, and requires a lot of practice and honesty.
           | 
           | It starts with not assuming bad faith from the other side.
           | 
           | Trying to adapt your communication strategy depending on the
           | profile of the other side is not really "good faith". The
           | goal is to train _ourselves_ to look at reality in a less
           | biased, personal way. Wanting to max out every opportunities
           | precisely tends to distort reality.
        
           | senguidev wrote:
           | That's funny, my main drive for choosing this strategy is
           | taking account of opportunity costs ie. not wasting time.
           | 
           | I've felt that not focusing on the fact that people may have
           | bad faith and we need tactics etc freed a lot of time and
           | energy to invest somewhere more useful
        
             | Nowado wrote:
             | I'd guess it's, somewhat obviously, strongly context
             | dependent.
             | 
             | If you're talking to people who, for w/e reason, have large
             | influence on your life, who you are stuck with and who are
             | not very numerous, investing heavily in enforcing
             | communications standards should pay off. Similarly in
             | cooperative setting with aligned incentives you would
             | expect assuming good faith to work out well.
             | 
             | Now, in social media, sales or a large fluid
             | organization...
        
       | Slighted wrote:
       | This is an extremely dangerous (and quite frankly stupid) way of
       | thinking. Discourse is discourse, regardless of how you feel
       | about it. When people feel as though "bad" faith discourse needs
       | to be controlled through curation, censorship, or through some
       | other means, you end up with idiots like Twitters Parag Agrawal
       | saying things like "Our role is not to be bound by the First
       | Amendment, but our role is to serve a healthy public
       | conversation."
       | https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/11/18/1012066/emtech-s...
       | The "endgame" of "bad faith" communication is the endgame of your
       | freedom of speech and expression. I agree that people ought to be
       | more compassionate and open-minded, both on the internet and in
       | real life, but I am in no position to control what another person
       | thinks or says, and I'm certainly not in a position to make the
       | judgement of what "good" or "bad" faith discourse is. No one is.
       | 
       | This entire article is buzzword trash, using terminology such as
       | "post-truth" and statements such as "Seeking to understand others
       | and communicate honestly is an essential democratic virtue".
        
         | kubanczyk wrote:
         | Yes, all these "bad faiths" and "good faiths" just add
         | confusion. As is using the word "communication" for
         | unidirectional propagation of information.
         | 
         | The article should go deeper with that MAD line of thought. A
         | step forward is a strategic arms limitation treaty, where all
         | the sides agree to ban _the most effective forms_ of
         | propagation.
         | 
         | The goal would be to put back the steer of our ship into the
         | water, bit by bit.
        
       | rogerallen wrote:
       | I wish there was a "good faith" up arrow.
        
       | voakbasda wrote:
       | Is it just me, or are all of the listed bad faith communication
       | mannerisms rife in government and the legal profession? I no
       | longer trust the rule of law, because everyone involved acts in
       | bad faith. From police, lawyers, politicians, bureaucrats... my
       | experience has shown that are all untrustworthy in anything they
       | say. The fish rots from the head.
        
         | jimkleiber wrote:
         | I really wonder how much of it relates to how those professions
         | often prohibit or strongly discourage 1st-person expression and
         | encourage 2nd-person or 3rd-person. For example, police don't
         | often say how they individually are feeling, often they refer
         | to law and to the suspect and other parties. Politicians tend
         | to talk about what their constituents want ("Americans want
         | this! Americans hate that!") more than saying how they
         | themselves feel and what they want.
         | 
         | So I wonder how much of the appearance of bad faith is because
         | the people won't or aren't sometimes allowed to even share
         | their personal perspective and experience.
        
       | pohl wrote:
       | This was a great article. A practical question came to mind while
       | reading it: Now that bad-faith communication has become
       | normalized, does it makes sense to keep bringing good-faith
       | communication to a bad-faith communication fight?
       | 
       | Obviously it would be ideal to model the behavior that we'd like
       | to see in the world, but what if this toothpaste can't be put
       | back into the tube? Brandolini's Law suggests that this might be
       | a cultural "innovation" akin to the invention of gunpowder.
        
         | AlexCoventry wrote:
         | The article implies that there are productive ways to engage a
         | bad-faith interlocutor in good faith. It's a shame it doesn't
         | go into any details about what that looks like.
        
         | adamisom wrote:
         | I think it does make sense. I love this relevant classic SSC
         | article: https://slatestarcodex.com/2014/02/23/in-favor-of-
         | niceness-c...
        
       | jccalhoun wrote:
       | Yes, arguing in good faith is good but how do you deal with
       | people who have no interest in arguing in good faith? I encounter
       | this all the time and I just choose to stop engaging.
        
         | everybodyknows wrote:
         | > how do you deal with people who have no interest in arguing
         | in good faith?
         | 
         | The choices critically depend upon context:
         | 
         | 1. Is the dispute one-to-one, or is there an audience? With
         | skill, you may be able to turn the opinion of a reasonable
         | audience against your bad-faith interlocutor.
         | 
         | 2. Is disengaging a practical option, or are you compelled to
         | continue the discussion under threat of yet more unpleasant
         | consequences?
         | 
         | So, I'd say that's 2*2=4 "game" scenarios, each fundamentally
         | distinct.
        
         | bkirkby wrote:
         | i've taken a clue from Jessica Livingston. she responded once
         | to bad faith communicators by saying (not a quote): "i'm not
         | inclined to engage with people who are purposefully trying to
         | misunderstand me."
         | 
         | it both disengages you from the situation while also calling
         | out the bad faith actors.
        
       | cracrecry wrote:
       | Propaganda and bad faith has always been normalized, it is not
       | new, read Edward Bernays' Propaganda.
       | 
       | Human nature is that of a predator. Powerful get advantage of the
       | weak, and always has been.
       | 
       | Take for example the USA, it was created by the "expansion" to
       | the West, "expansion" meaning taking ownership of the land others
       | inhabited, and killing them. That needed a propaganda machine to
       | justify it, Manifest destiny.
       | 
       | There were two parties, one won, the other lost. We are not
       | mentioning slavery.
       | 
       | When the US could take advantage of the remains of the Spanish
       | Empire, they did, there was a man called Pulitzer that became
       | rich and famous inventing lies like "remember the Maine"(probably
       | a false flag attack) in order to take control of their colonies
       | and colonize it themselves.
       | 
       | Germans and French tried to do the same. England, Russia, Turkey
       | and Spain did that before, because it is human nature.
       | 
       | Pulitzer never wrote about the US extermination of Spanish
       | teachers in Philippines for example, like modern Media did not
       | inform about the abuses in US created wars like Libya, Syria,
       | Iraq or Afghanistan.
       | 
       | Media owners today have lots of business to do, they need the
       | masses to support them.
       | 
       | Most democrats were ok calling Trump Putin's puppy with no
       | proof(because they hated the guy and benefited from removing a
       | President using lies if necessary) and then Trump did the same
       | thing with them(accusing them without proof of stealing the
       | elections).
       | 
       | The first thing you have to do in order to be free is to read,
       | and not see the world divided in good and bad guys, because if
       | you do you always will consider yourself in the good guys, even
       | when you are the bad side. Then there will be no difference
       | between you and the rest.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | for_i_in_range wrote:
       | Above the line communication: Openness, Curious, Committed to
       | Learning.
       | 
       | Below the line: Closed, Defensive, Committed to being right.
       | 
       | Credit: Jim Dethmer, _The 15 Commitments of Conscious Leadership_
        
         | chillacy wrote:
         | I thought this was a pretty good book despite the seeming
         | brevity to it. Anyways to really expand for those who haven't
         | read it, Dethmer talks about an internal mindset dial between
         | judgementalness vs curiosity. There are other dials like victim
         | vs agency, emotional acceptance vs denial, etc.
        
           | jimkleiber wrote:
           | I appreciate you both bringing him up. I had forgotten about
           | his work and may dig more into his book. I had learned of him
           | from the Tim Ferriss podcast, perhaps this episode:
           | https://tim.blog/2020/06/09/jim-dethmer-transcript/
        
       | anovikov wrote:
       | Maybe the underlying reason is that there is no more common
       | interest between groups that fight each other? That is, no more
       | "society" as something common, most importantly, right-wing
       | electorate can't benefit from what can benefit left-wing
       | electorate, and vice versa? Indeed, the discourse has become
       | quite ugly, but maybe the reason is not the form, but the
       | substance: that it's no longer about arguing about what's better
       | for society as a whole, but winning over the other side to
       | achieve what's good for "us", by defeating the interest of
       | "them".
       | 
       | I believe this is the case, and core reason is that we are
       | increasingly in the slow-growth world. Most people will not
       | benefit greatly from overall progress of economy in their
       | lifetime, just because it is now too slow. It's more and more
       | about taking over something for "us" from "them" as opposed to
       | "making the pie bigger".
       | 
       | Same is the reason for rise of dictatorship. In a slow-growth
       | world, there is no way a democratic government or leader can
       | achieve any tangible goals in one electoral cycle. So they have
       | to resort to bullshit of one sort or the other - nothing which is
       | not a deliberate lie, can be attractive enough to their voters.
       | Only a lifelong dictatorship can hope to get things done.
       | 
       | One hope is that once the renewable energy takes over from the
       | fossil fuels and we start seeing our worldwide energy base grow
       | exponentially again the way it did through mid-1970s, quicker
       | growth will return and things will gradually fix themselves.
        
       | bjt wrote:
       | If you want to see some great examples of politicians engaging in
       | good faith communication, check out the series "The Constitution:
       | That Delicate Balance" that Annenberg put out in 1984.
       | 
       | I wish they'd repeat it with new participants. I'm not sure which
       | politicians I can imagine taking part though. It does seem like
       | we've declined from the level of discourse shown there.
       | 
       | https://www.learner.org/series/the-constitution-that-delicat...
        
       | WhitneyLand wrote:
       | Why is it so difficult for people too see bad faith communication
       | hurts their own ability to understand things?
        
         | cycomanic wrote:
         | I think the issue is that many people are emotionally invested
         | in not understanding things, in other words you assume people
         | want to understand things. In my experience there is a
         | significant portion of the population who doesn't (and that
         | crosses through all social and political spectra).
        
           | deathanatos wrote:
           | IME, it's because a.) it requires one to first admit one
           | doesn't understand something (and hubris prevents this in
           | some people) and b.) learning something requires putting
           | forth the mental effort to understand it. The same reason
           | people don't like reading source code they didn't write: it's
           | hard, and you have to try.
           | 
           | And to a degree and in some contexts (particularly work/in a
           | company), c.) under too much time pressure to take the time
           | to understand. (I.e., too little time is available to them;
           | the dysfunction is higher up the ladder...)
        
         | bittercynic wrote:
         | I suspect engaging in bad faith communication goes along with
         | not being too interested in understanding things. These tactics
         | seems to say "Your perspective is unworthy of consideration. I
         | want to ridicule or destroy it."
        
       | 127 wrote:
       | It has been quite instructive to watch what Russia has said and
       | done about the war. Various tactics in their media, that once you
       | think about them, are more common in every day use.
       | 
       | 1. Euphenisms: "Tactical military operation" invent all kinds of
       | word games that hide the true nature of actions committed.
       | 
       | 2. Mirroring: Blaming the victim for doing the same thing you are
       | already guilty of.
       | 
       | 3. Hate speech: Saying you are a Nazi (or otherwise a bad person,
       | insert any emotionally effective, hard to defend against bad word
       | here) and therefore deserve to be murdered/silenced.
       | 
       | Which also makes me question which comes first: authoritarianism
       | and oppression, or the collapse of speech to these kinds of low
       | levels.
        
       | fullshark wrote:
       | I'd argue bad faith communication now has mechanisms that enable
       | audiences to call it out and criticize it, it was always
       | normalized.
        
       | hans1729 wrote:
       | Here is my model:
       | 
       | The root problem is: the 90% of people who are not inherently
       | driven by curiosity want to contribute/validate their
       | viewpoint/seek peer confirmation.
       | 
       | This, left alone, leads to nothing good, which is why we came up
       | with this funny concept of "culture".
       | 
       | But culture is dead, courtesy of
       | 
       | * the social-laissez-faire-boogaloo of the US' concept of "total
       | freedom"
       | 
       | * the decay of stability-providing social structures
       | 
       | * existential dread/people trapped in the lower levels of Maslows
       | pyramid
       | 
       | Imagine how smart the smartest people out of one million are.
       | Pretty smart, huh? We have 7000 of them, and they have lots of
       | things to say, but nobody gives a fuck, because people don't
       | actually seek to understand. They seek validation, righteousness
       | and stability. And you don't have to be the smartest out of a
       | million to be worth listening to, but the simple fact that our
       | "culture" (which is decayed to complete archaic groupthink) sets
       | up the wrong reward incentives should paint a clear picture and
       | be accessible to understand for everyone. Its not that _stupid_
       | people get famous, its that people who are not _curious_ get
       | famous. _That_ is where we fail.
       | 
       | The answer to this _must be_ culture, again. But this time one
       | that matches the world we 've built since the last one collapsed,
       | namely one that provides the stability people seek _across the
       | board_. When the framework for that stability was religion,
       | critically relevant people could not find social stability when
       | they questioned god. That 's why religion as a framework sucks,
       | it doesn't capture the entire group.
       | 
       | The solution is easy: curiosity. Curious people are worth
       | listening to, _everyone else is not_. This is something we have
       | to cement in every piece of art and work we create. Literally:
       | show the people who 's minds are trapped in a simpler place their
       | limits, very gently, and offer salvation: man, there are lots of
       | intelligent people out there who try to make the world a better
       | place. You don't _have_ to understand it all, and you wont
       | anyway, so don 't stress yourself. We can do this, together.
       | This, roughly, is the rhetoric picture we'll have to paint over
       | the last decades. That, and only that, fixes the problem at its
       | root.
        
         | JetAlone wrote:
         | Exhibit A:
         | 
         | >Curious people are worth listening to, everyone else is not
         | 
         | Exhibit B:
         | 
         | >The answer to this must be culture
         | 
         | >The solution is easy: curiosity.
         | 
         | It's an interesting model, but there's a serious contradiction
         | here. You're claiming curiosity to be the 1-to-1 justification
         | for being given an audience, yet making dogmatic assertions and
         | setting out a viewpoint-driven agenda - you are not curious
         | about curiosity, you dive right into how to . Therefore there
         | must be a value that makes a non-curious person with a
         | viewpoint-driven agenda (in this case, you) worth listening to.
         | 
         | For brevity, the "90% of people who... want to
         | contribute/validate their viewpoint/seek peer confirmation" can
         | be more or less labelled "vainglorious".
         | 
         | I think you're right about vainglory leading to nothing good.
         | But, the hope of enacting that "something good" that there
         | _should be_ instead is the real reason to listen to non-curious
         | people. And most everyone hopes to enact  "something good", so
         | now we're back where we started, listening to ideologues, be
         | they curious or not.
         | 
         | My suggestion is to modify the model by instead seeking to
         | listen to people who are not vainglorious. I think finding
         | people who aren't vainglorious to listen to, and finding out
         | how to not be vainglorious myself is the right direction to
         | point my curiosity.
        
       | kodah wrote:
       | > Both ends of the political spectrum (the far left and the far
       | right) express this view. Both sides believe that "the other
       | side" simply can't be trusted and therefore cannot be engaged in
       | good faith. To do so would be to fall into a trap, serving only
       | to validate the dangerous views of groups known to be acting in
       | bad faith.
       | 
       | This is what I'm most tired of. Anytime you try to point this out
       | one of these two groups will respond with, "both sides, both
       | sides" like some edgy teenager sitting at the lunch table looking
       | for a confirmatory laugh from their friends. People love this
       | world that's developed to some degree; that's what the real
       | uphill battle is.
        
         | outsidetheparty wrote:
         | It's interesting that you're making a both-sides argument while
         | complaining about people making both-sides arguments. I mostly
         | hear "both sides, both sides" coming from one side in
         | particular. The other side just blames that one side.
        
           | kodah wrote:
           | I'm complaining about people who refuse to deal with the fact
           | that these two groups cannot meet in the middle on a single
           | thing. Everything is life and death, or some dramatic replay
           | of a day time soap.
           | 
           | I'm not complaining about people _making_ both sides
           | arguments.
        
       | tux1968 wrote:
       | It would be great for people who desire good faith communication
       | to call out people who are resorting to bad faith techniques.
       | Especially, and most importantly, when those bad actors are of
       | the same political stripe.
       | 
       | It's impossible for those bad actors to hear criticism from "the
       | enemy". Only people who share a position of almost total
       | fundamental agreement, can maybe be heard in any criticism of how
       | to better deal with the opposition.
       | 
       | TLDR: We should be most aggressive and loud in criticism of those
       | we agree with most.
        
         | Vinnl wrote:
         | I would think "calling out" is, or often takes the form of,
         | exactly the type of bad faith communication that this article
         | is trying to argue against (possibly categorised under "Undue
         | social pressure" or "Villainization").
         | 
         | Engaging in a good-faith argument, especially with those you
         | often agree with, yes. "Calling out" - I'd be hesitant about
         | that.
        
           | Beltalowda wrote:
           | Indeed. I also rarely "call out" someone when they engage in
           | what's clearly a fallacious argument. Instead, I will engage
           | by saying "I don't think that is an accurate portrayal of the
           | position, because [..]" (strawman), "because [other thing] is
           | bad doesn't say much about [this-thing]; if you want to talk
           | about [other-thing] we can do that another time"
           | (whataboutism), "Just because [organisation/person/group]
           | says X doesn't mean X is true, I think it's more important to
           | look at the arguments they're making" (argument from
           | authority), etc.
           | 
           | This way it doesn't come off an an accusation, it keeps the
           | conversation going, and is generally much more constructive.
           | I found that people who "call out" logical fallacies and the
           | like are generally looking to "win the argument" rather than
           | actually have a conversation.
           | 
           | Calling people out on "bad faith" is common; there's an
           | entire string of terms for this ("gaslighting", "sealioning",
           | "concern trolling", what-have-you). I've never seen it end
           | well. If someone _is_ actually engaging in bad faith then it
           | 's better to disengage and call it a day, and if someone is
           | engaging in good faith then all you've did is insult them
           | without actually contributing all that much.
        
             | hedora wrote:
             | "Gaslighting" has a different meaning (go watch the movie;
             | it's a classic).
             | 
             | I haven't heard the other two terms, and wouldn't be able
             | to guess what they mean.
             | 
             | Sea lions spend all day fighting over [arbitrary thing] to
             | impress potential mates. I'm certain this happens on social
             | media, and that most potential mates are as impressed as
             | they are by an actual sea lion. :-)
             | 
             | Concern trolling seems to be too specific a term.
        
               | camtarn wrote:
               | Gaslighting seems to have mutated to mean "asserting
               | strongly that something isn't true, which I've personally
               | experienced to be true", or in the more extreme cases,
               | "...which I believe to be true."
               | 
               | IMO it's an annoying corruption of what was actually a
               | rather useful term, but there you go.
        
         | jimkleiber wrote:
         | I'd say it slightly different: I hope that we can have the
         | courage to tell the people closest to us when their behaviors
         | make us feel angry or disgusted or ashamed.
         | 
         | I don't like to use the word "criticism" because I believe it
         | tends to be about trying to objectively label their actions,
         | and much more prefer opening up about we individually feel or
         | even how we imagine others might feel in reaction to those
         | actions.
         | 
         | I agree with you in that this may be more well received by
         | people who feel closest to us and also may be easier for us to
         | open up to them when we fee close to them.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | endominus wrote:
         | There are, in my opinion, two problems with that. The first is
         | that it is very, very difficult for most people to view their
         | own side objectively. The Russel conjugation comes to mind; "I
         | am a freedom fighter, you are a rebel, he is a terrorist." The
         | other problem is that often, calling out your own side's bad
         | behavior feels like treachery. "When arguments become soldiers,
         | to criticize your own sides' points is to stab your fellows in
         | the back." Anyone who engages in that kind of criticism is
         | likely to be ostracized as a traitor well before their
         | criticisms are taken seriously. See, for example, the Hundred
         | Flowers Campaign. I believe the book Scout Mindset by Julia
         | Galef discusses ways around the first problem (I have not
         | personally read the book), with the main thrust being that this
         | is exceptionally difficult to train oneself to do and a mostly
         | personal endeavor. For the second problem, I have no idea
         | except to aspire to groups that welcome self-criticism.
        
           | Mezzie wrote:
           | The second problem is being made worse by the increasing
           | polarization and the cutting of the ties that bound the
           | different sides, at least in America. People with political
           | disagreements were never best friends, but there used to be
           | more shared socialization than there is now.
           | 
           | I'm from a bipartisan family in a purple area in a
           | purple/battlefield state. You can't grow up like I did
           | without being exposed to both/all sides of the aisle, so you
           | end up with a pretty decent idea of the follies of your own
           | side as well as a lot of friends/colleagues/etc. that don't
           | agree with you.
           | 
           | 10-15 years ago, I was still 'allowed' to deviate from
           | accepted practice/opinion, as long as I respected the hosts,
           | and conditional/partial belonging was allowed. (e.g. I might
           | be a dirty commie liberal, but I'm still a Christian or, on
           | the other end, I might be a gun nut but I'm still queer so I
           | fit in 'enough'). Now, not so much. We also used to have more
           | defined and accepted internal fighting/it used to be accepted
           | that sides were coalitions instead of Borgs.
           | 
           | Now, not so much. We talk a lot about things we can't say/do,
           | and share tips on how not to be pilloried for saying the
           | wrong thing. Interestingly, these discussions are happening
           | with people across all parts of the political spectrum.
           | 
           | People were always somewhat suspicious of you for hanging out
           | with the enemy, but it was accepted if you were of an
           | intellectual or sneaky bent. Now it's not. You're in or
           | you're out.
        
           | rocqua wrote:
           | I think the 'critisize your own is backstabbing' thought is
           | much less relevant in private discussion, and that might be
           | where it's most possible to call out and change compatriots
           | who engage in bad-faith communication.
        
             | endominus wrote:
             | In high-trust social circles, certainly. But the risk of
             | reputational damage still exists when using these channels;
             | this is how whisper networks destroy people seen as
             | insufficiently dedicated to the Cause. Criticize the wrong
             | person or do so insensitively, do it to a person with an
             | outsized ego, and you may find yourself ostracized. Jo
             | Freeman's essay The Tyranny of Structurelessness well
             | describes how such power imbalances can occur and how
             | people suspected of insufficient loyalty can be informally
             | but firmly removed from the decision-making of a group.
             | 
             | This is, after all, why virtue signalling is such a common
             | tactic. It shores up reputational defense against such
             | accusations. Unfortunately, it also commonly has the effect
             | of further deepening the divide between the group and other
             | parties who might otherwise be interested in the Cause, as
             | the most valuable signalling techniques require costly
             | actions - i.e. ones that are materially or socially
             | damaging to the member doing said signalling. This may
             | affirm loyalty, but often harms proselytization efforts
             | (you cannot advance the Cause to your family if you have
             | cut off contact with them for not already being part of the
             | Cause, for example).
        
           | dfxm12 wrote:
           | If you're at a point with your side where any criticism is
           | taken as treachery, you're not really on the same side. Some
           | even think the intention of the 100 flowers campaign was to
           | weed out people who didn't exactly align with Mao (i.e. it
           | was "bad faith" to begin with). Also, the campaign was open
           | to all, not just members of the CCP (Mao's "side" in this
           | context). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Flowers_Campa
           | ign#Debat...
        
         | colordrops wrote:
         | This is consistently what Glenn Greenwald has done and the
         | smear campaign against him by the DNC and liberal establishment
         | has taken him from a world famous Oscar and Pulitzer prize
         | winning journalist to a pariah and supposed Russian right wing
         | shill, kicked out of the organization he founded, The
         | Intercept.
         | 
         | His beliefs and ideas are clearly left wing and he has remained
         | consistent, but by doing what you suggest he has been
         | effectively destroyed. It's really sad to see. And I agree with
         | you, I think he did the right thing regardless of the
         | consequences.
        
           | threatofrain wrote:
           | I think Glenn Greenwald was stressed into a place where he
           | just kind of cracked, such as by governments actually
           | hounding him. I have listened to his recent interviews and I
           | think he's gone into classical conspiracy theories involving
           | the CIA, FBI, NSA, etc.
           | 
           | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/aug/18/glenn-
           | greenwal...
           | 
           | https://www.ifj.org/media-
           | centre/news/detail/category/press-...
        
             | colordrops wrote:
             | Could you cite a particular unfounded "conspiracy theory"
             | that he is espousing? Most of the things he's written about
             | the CIA, FBI, NSA etc that I've read are grounded in fact
             | and sourced..
             | 
             | Are you suggesting that these three letter agencies aren't
             | constantly involved in shady unethical often law-breaking
             | activity? Have you not been reading hacker news at all?
             | They make it to the front page regularly with their poor
             | behavior.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | Bioweapons laboratories in Ukraine.
        
               | gkaly wrote:
               | Greenwald (and Tulsi Gabbard) quoted Nuland directly, who
               | admitted that there were biological _research_ labs.
               | 
               | Greenwald had previously worked on the Anthrax story of
               | 2001, where a couple of high profile people got sent a
               | sophisticated Anthrax variant in the mail.
               | 
               | It was supposed to be foreign terrorism at first, later
               | it was found that the strain came from a _U.S. research
               | facility_.
               | 
               | Biological weapons aren't allowed by treaty. Research how
               | to combat biological weapons however is allowed. So many
               | countries produce strains in biological research
               | facilities under the guise of defense.
               | 
               | That is precisely Greenwald's point, he has never claimed
               | that bioweapons are manufactured in Ukraine. He has
               | claimed that dangerous biological agents might be
               | present, like they were in the U.S. in 2001.
               | 
               | It takes a lot of history and reading to understand
               | Greenwald. The man is a walking encyclopedia, very
               | careful in his statements and touches issues of great
               | complexity. One can rarely refute him in a one liner.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | > admitted that there were biological research labs
               | 
               | Which is fairly normal thing to have in a developed
               | country. And is much different thing the bioweapons lab.
               | 
               | This muddying things does not make Greenwald's sound
               | better. It makes him exactly what he is - someone
               | building conspiracy theory.
        
               | gkaly wrote:
               | If you call my carefully written post "muddying things",
               | there is no point in prolonging the discussion.
               | 
               | You have been smearing Greenwald all over this
               | discussion. This is what he actually said:
               | 
               | https://nitter.net/ggreenwald/status/1501313109520175104
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | The jump from "bioresearch lab" which to bioweapons.
               | Making it sound as if there was something to "admit" in
               | Ukraine having same labs as everyone has. Then you try to
               | confuse it with bioweapons, anthrax attacks in America
               | and completely irrelevant treaties about bioweapons.
               | 
               | If he wanted to make historical point about Antrax, he
               | did not had to make it in context of Ukraine. If he
               | wanted to make point about bioresearch labs in general,
               | he could have made that one. He did not wanted to do
               | either. He wanted to muddy waters precisedly at the time
               | when is sounded like Ukraine has bioweapons precisedly
               | when they were invaded.
        
               | mistermann wrote:
               | > The jump from "bioresearch lab" which to bioweapons.
               | Making it sound as if there was something to "admit" in
               | Ukraine having same labs as everyone has. Then you try to
               | confuse it with bioweapons, anthrax attacks in America
               | and completely irrelevant treaties about bioweapons.
               | 
               | Who is it that's _actually_ doing the confusing here? It
               | 's certainly possible that Greenwald is dog-whistling
               | "bioresearch lab" into "bioweapons", but is he _actually_
               | doing that, and to a large degree (mostly, etc)?
               | 
               | Consider this: within your mind, might there be a bias
               | toward perceiving that this is what he is doing, and
               | might it be also possible that you may not be able to
               | perceive that this is happening (due to the evolved
               | nature of the human mind)?
               | 
               | Let's try to simultaneously operate in a dual state of
               | mind: both abstract (keeping in mind the phenomena
               | discussed in the article, _and taking it seriously_ ) and
               | object level (discussion of "these bio labs"[1]): is it
               | possible that some of the things discussed in the article
               | could happen to us folks here on HN, sometimes? To be
               | clear, I am not asserting as a fact that this is
               | happening here, in a big way - rather, I am merely _and
               | explicitly_ offering it _as a suggestion of what might be
               | happening_ , at least to some degree.
               | 
               | [1] I put "these bio labs" in brackets because
               | technically, at the cognitive/neuroscientific level, that
               | is not what either person is actually discussing -
               | rather, each person is _necessarily_ discussing their
               | model of  "these bio labs". However, while this is
               | architecturally unavoidable, this is not to say that
               | there is no way to optimize the manner in which we
               | perceive and discuss our respective virtual realities.
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | As a third party, I can weigh in to eliminate some of the
               | ambiguity you're worried about:
               | 
               | It seems like the views you're replying to, match reality
               | (Greenwald is indeed spreading FUD about something which
               | is totally normal), and, I'm sorry, you are coming across
               | as incomprehensible
        
               | mistermann wrote:
               | > It seems like the views you're replying to, match
               | reality (Greenwald is indeed spreading FUD about
               | something which is totally normal)
               | 
               | Consider this: are things always as they seem? If you
               | consider the entirety of your history on this planet, has
               | there ever been a time where you were at least partially
               | mistaken? Or even easier: have you ever observed another
               | human being mistaking belief for knowledge?
               | 
               | I mean _technically_ : is it not true that you are
               | representing/asserting your perception of "reality"
               | (virtual/perceptual/cognitive reality) to be 100%
               | perfectly _and comprehensively_ aligned with reality
               | itself?
               | 
               | > and, I'm sorry, you are coming across as
               | incomprehensible.
               | 
               | This is extremely common in conversations within certain
               | domains.
               | 
               | Consider this:
               | 
               | - if someone has a bias against certain things, might
               | this have some negative effect on the style and effort
               | they devote to trying to truly understand it (also taking
               | into consideration what is happening in the subconscious
               | mind, which is sub-perceptual, and arguably has the
               | ability to place a ~"hard cap" on what any given
               | individual is capable of, especially if they are not
               | intimately(!) familiar with the phenomenon and actively
               | taking measures to counteract its effects)?
               | 
               | - if one was to give a quantum mechanics textbook to
               | someone who has no background in math/physics/etc, might
               | it seem incomprehensible to them?
               | 
               | And based on prior conversations, it is perhaps a good
               | idea to preemptively counter some common rebuttals to
               | this sort of thinking: often the response I will get to
               | this sort of reasoning is that it is "pedantic", or
               | various memes/slurs such as /r/iamverysmart, Gish Gallop,
               | JAQing off, etc. I promise that this is not what I am
               | doing - I am genuinely trying to have a _truly_ good
               | faith conversation (which, unsurprisingly, may appear
               | "very weird"), and I encourage you to disagree with any
               | points I've made that you believe (after some self-
               | critical contemplation, ideally) contain a _genuine_
               | flaw(s), however small.
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | >are things always as they seem
               | 
               | you already asked that of the other person
               | 
               | I am a third party confirming that, yes, in this case,
               | they are as they seem to that person
               | 
               | if you believe their position, as confirmed by a third
               | party, contains genuine flaws, it might just be your
               | biases showing through
               | 
               | nonetheless, I encourage you to clearly (and succinctly)
               | articulate them, and try to convince us that said
               | person's views do not reflect reality
        
               | mistermann wrote:
               | > you already asked that of the other person
               | 
               | > I am a third party confirming that, yes, in this case,
               | they are as they seem to that person
               | 
               | And now I am asking you. Two people agreeing that
               | something "seems" true does not render it true in
               | actual/shared reality.
               | 
               | > if you believe their position, as confirmed by a third
               | party, contains genuine flaws, it might just be your
               | biases showing through
               | 
               | This is one possibility, but another possibility is that
               | their position, and the "confirmation" by the third
               | party, is erroneous, perhaps due to their biases.
               | 
               | > nonetheless, I encourage you to clearly (and
               | succinctly) articulate them, and try to convince us that
               | said person's views do not reflect reality
               | 
               | I do not "have a dog" in this object level fight - my
               | interest is in the abstract: what are the various ways in
               | which human beings perceive reality incorrectly, and is
               | it possible to get even one of them to _explicitly_
               | acknowledge that it is possible that their belief is
               | incorrect, at least to some degree.... _and_ , might it
               | be possible that this ~methodology (exerting effort to
               | discover what is actually true, and fine-grained "hard
               | stops" preventing that discovery, etc) may have
               | materially important utility to humanity, _and should
               | therefore perhaps be taken seriously_.
               | 
               | Note also that I explicitly encourage disagreement, as
               | well as avoiding the premature formation of conclusions
               | (I did not do this explicitly before, so I am appending
               | it here).
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | >And now I am asking you.
               | 
               | Actually, I am the one asking YOU!
               | 
               | >I do not "have a dog" in this object level fight
               | 
               | As the third party here, I am actually the unbiased one
               | in your disagreement with the other person, and I am
               | simply saying that your position is unconvincing compared
               | to theirs.
               | 
               | You, meanwhile, by attacking this person specifically,
               | definitely seem to "have a dog" in this fight, despite
               | your claims to the contrary.
               | 
               | Just take it from an outside observer, you could stand a
               | little introspection to apply some of the solipsistic
               | philosophical musings to yourself.
               | 
               | Or, if you believe something that person said to be
               | false, feel free to make a convincing case for it.
        
               | mistermann wrote:
               | > Actually, I am the one asking YOU!
               | 
               | I am happy to answer any questions you pose to me -
               | unless I am overlooking something, I have not missed
               | anything you have asked of me.
               | 
               | However, you have missed some questions I asked of you. I
               | would also enjoy reading any answers you may have to
               | questions I have asked of others upthread.
               | 
               | And of course, you have no obligation to answer my
               | questions, but I would prefer if we are explicit and
               | accurate about how each of us conducts ourselves in the
               | conversation (ie: if one of us does not answer specific
               | questions, acknowledge that simply and unequivocally).
               | 
               | And if you were implicitly posing "Are things always as
               | they seem?" to me, my answer is: no, things are not
               | always as they seem. In fact, I argue that they are
               | almost always not what they seem, and that this is
               | necessarily the case due to the physical architecture of
               | the mind/reality, plus a whole bunch of other
               | scientifically uncontroversial reasons.
               | 
               | > As the third party here, I am actually the unbiased one
               | in your disagreement with the other person...
               | 
               | We are discussing an object level matter - it is possible
               | that you do not have bias on this matter, but that you
               | personally perceive yourself to be unbiased is not
               | convincing, and is certainly subject to a variety of
               | possible well known phenomenon in psychology/etc.
               | 
               | At the very least, I think the most epistemically sound
               | stance is that it is not known whether you or I have some
               | bias, or the degree to which each of us is biased. After
               | all, science has a fair amount of depth in this realm and
               | if you take their findings even partially seriously, that
               | there is at least some uncertainty seems highly certain.
               | 
               | > ...and I am simply saying that your position is
               | unconvincing compared to theirs.
               | 
               | I am less interested in being persuasive than I am in
               | being correct. Actually, I have enough experience in this
               | domain that I believe it may not be possible to convince
               | certain people of certain things, at least on current
               | communication platforms like this one, in cultures like
               | this one. I think this could change with more
               | sophisticated platforms and cultures, but such things are
               | not the purpose or goal of HN (dang has been explicit
               | about this).
               | 
               | > You, meanwhile, by attacking this person specifically,
               | definitely seem to "have a dog" in this fight, despite
               | your claims to the contrary.
               | 
               | As I already asked you (and you did not answer): "Are
               | things always as they seem?"
               | 
               | I respectfully challenge you to answer this question.
               | 
               | > Just take it from an outside observer, you could stand
               | a little introspection to apply some of the solipsistic
               | philosophical musings to yourself.
               | 
               | Ah, "solipsism", color me not shocked at all that this
               | idea manifested in the mind of someone I am having this
               | type of conversation with.
               | 
               | Do you believe that I am a solipsist, or that the ideas I
               | have written here are fundamentally and _necessarily_
               | solipsistic?
               | 
               | > Or, if you believe something that person said to be
               | false, feel free to make a convincing case for it.
               | 
               | The first burden of proof lies with the one making an
               | assertion - I challenged the assertion above, no response
               | has appeared thus far.
               | 
               | As for making a case, consider this assertion:
               | 
               | >> He wanted to muddy waters precisedly at the time when
               | is sounded like Ukraine has bioweapons precisedly when
               | they were invaded.
               | 
               | Is this not mind reading? Or at the very least, stating
               | one's opinions/inferences in the form of facts?
               | 
               | And if this is ok, then should Mr. Greenwald not get a
               | free pass on the very same basis?
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | >I am happy to answer any questions you pose to me -
               | unless I am overlooking something, I have not missed
               | anything you have asked of me.
               | 
               | You have indeed! I asked if there was any specific part
               | of the post you responded to, with which you disagreed.
               | Since you did not provide any, though, we can thus
               | conclude that you agree with what was in that post.
               | 
               | >>He wanted to muddy waters precisedly at the time when
               | is sounded like Ukraine has bioweapons precisedly when
               | they were invaded.
               | 
               | >Is this not mind reading?
               | 
               | No, it's drawing conclusions based on the available data.
               | I also independently drew the same conclusions, so that
               | should make you introspect a little, and ask what it is
               | you're doing which causes people to conclude that based
               | on the available data of your behavior.
               | 
               | >Are things always as they seem?
               | 
               | Indeed, are they? Is it possible that you aren't actually
               | asking this question at all, and you actually agree with
               | the person to which you responded? And you just think
               | something else happened? Do you think this is possible?
               | 
               | On a higher level, you believe you are engaged in meta-
               | discussion, in response to the actual discussion started
               | by the other person.
               | 
               | I am thus engaged in meta-meta-discussion: My new
               | question to you is, can you make a convincing case that
               | your meta-discussion increases understanding of the
               | original topic, rather than deflecting from it? Thanks!
        
               | mistermann wrote:
               | > You have indeed! I asked if there was any specific part
               | of the post you responded to, which which you disagreed.
               | Since you did not provide any though....
               | 
               | I replied addressing that. If you are unsatisfied with my
               | reply, please quote the text of the specific question you
               | asked that you believe I did not answer.
               | 
               | Note also: I may not hold a position on object level
               | matters - me pushing back on a claim should not be
               | interpreted as a belief in the opposite (as is usually
               | the case, in my experience).
               | 
               | > ...we can thus conclude that you agree with what was in
               | that post.
               | 
               | You can certainly conclude that, and even assert it, but
               | this does not make it true.
               | 
               | > On a higher level, you believe you are engaged in meta-
               | discussion, in response to the actual discussion started
               | by the other person.
               | 
               | This is my intent and desire, but whether this is a group
               | undertaking _in fact_ I cannot say, I can only hope.
               | 
               | > I am thus engaged in meta-meta-discussion: My new
               | question to you is, can you make a convincing case that
               | your meta-discussion increases understanding of the
               | original topic, rather than deflecting from it? Thanks!
               | 
               | I would hope that it would help: the goal is be to
               | highlight that perception and reality are similar but
               | different, _and that this is extremely important_ , but
               | whether I am successful in the slightest I do not know -
               | if forced, I would predict that I am not successful,
               | based on hundreds if not thousands of similar
               | conversations. This seems to be a very difficult nut to
               | crack, but then I don't think that should be very
               | surprising.
               | 
               | If you don't mind: could you state explicitly whether you
               | will answer the questions I stated above ( _physically_
               | answer them, in this thread)?
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | >> You have indeed! I asked if there was any specific
               | part of the post you responded to, which which you
               | disagreed. Since you did not provide any though....
               | 
               | >I replied addressing that. If you are unsatisfied with
               | my reply, please quote the text of the specific question
               | you asked that you believe I did not answer.
               | 
               | and I replied to that reply, concluding from it that you
               | had no substantive material disagreements. If you're
               | unsatisfied with this conclusion, please reply with, for
               | each disagreement, a quote of the claim, what you believe
               | to be wrong about that claim, and your evidence for your
               | assertion that the claim is wrong, and I'll evaluate your
               | evidence to see whether it convincingly supports your
               | doubts.
               | 
               | >perception and reality are similar but different, and
               | that this is extremely important
               | 
               | Indeed, and, this is extremely important: isn't it
               | possible that you only perceive yourself to be in
               | disagreement with what the original poster said, but in
               | reality, you are in total agreement, and have no
               | complaints or criticisms whatsoever? Furthermore, isn't
               | it possible that you only _perceived_ yourself asking the
               | questions you think you asked, and in reality, you did
               | not ask them? Is this a possibility?
        
               | mistermann wrote:
               | > and I replied to that reply, concluding from it that
               | you had no substantive material disagreements. If you're
               | unsatisfied with this conclusion, please reply with, for
               | each disagreement, a quote of the claim, what you believe
               | to be wrong about that claim, and your evidence for your
               | assertion that the claim is wrong, and I'll evaluate your
               | evidence to see whether it convincingly supports your
               | doubts.
               | 
               | My initial grievance is here:
               | 
               | >> (someone) The jump from "bioresearch lab" which to
               | bioweapons. Making it sound as if there was something to
               | "admit" in Ukraine having same labs as everyone has. Then
               | you try to confuse it with bioweapons, anthrax attacks in
               | America and completely irrelevant treaties about
               | bioweapons.
               | 
               | > (me) Who is it that's actually doing the confusing
               | here? It's certainly possible that Greenwald is dog-
               | whistling "bioresearch lab" into "bioweapons", but is he
               | actually doing that, and to a large degree (mostly, etc)?
               | 
               | Here one human is accusing another human (or several),
               | whom he doesn't know, of speaking deliberately
               | deceivingly, making ~invalid associations between things,
               | etc - a not abnormal interpretation of this might be
               | something like "this guy doesn't know what he's talking
               | about, he's trying to tell a tall tale, he might even be
               | a conspiracy theorist".
               | 
               | At the very least, there's little acknowledgement I see
               | about the complexities and uncertainty involved. This is
               | but one of my overall complaints about culture war
               | arguments, people play so fast and loose with the truth.
               | If there's a post about computing on HN, attention to
               | detail and emphasis on correctness is bountiful and
               | uncontroversial. But in a culture war conversation, I
               | proclaim that the inverse is true - and, I also think
               | this abstract phenomenon is a big deal in the big scheme
               | of things.
               | 
               | > Indeed, and, this is extremely important: isn't it
               | possible that you only perceive yourself to be in
               | disagreement with what the original poster said, but in
               | reality, you are in total agreement, and have no
               | complaints or criticisms whatsoever? Furthermore, isn't
               | it possible that you only _perceived_ yourself asking the
               | questions you think you asked, and in reality, you did
               | not ask them? Is this a possibility?
               | 
               | Of course, why not.
               | 
               | But you brought up solipsism earlier:
               | 
               | >> Just take it from an outside observer, you could stand
               | a little introspection to apply some of the solipsistic
               | philosophical musings to yourself.
               | 
               | Perhaps you cannot (or will not) think in these terms
               | without falling into a state of solipsism (or impotency
               | due to indecision, another common complaint), but it's
               | certainly not necessary. It is possible to address these
               | ideas as they are, and take them seriously (as opposed to
               | representing that they are silly, woo woo, bad faith,
               | whatever). Perhaps it is not possible in the mainstream,
               | in 2022, but it is possible.
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | >Here one human is accusing another human...
               | 
               | And one can presume you disagree with them.
               | 
               | The evidence supporting their position is convincing, you
               | may now present your evidence to the contrary, and I'll
               | determine whose position between the two of you is more
               | tenable given the evidence.
               | 
               | You see, raising questions does not add to any position
               | in particular -- if you have questions, feel free to find
               | the answers, and hopefully they will be ones which make
               | your case more convincing than the case you are arguing
               | against.
               | 
               | >Perhaps you cannot...
               | 
               | I think it is a bit primitive to make assumptions about
               | what I can or cannot do. Perhaps I address these ideas
               | better than you can comprehend, and you just _PERCEIVE_
               | it to be biting satire that cuts any hypothetical
               | dissembling to the bone
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | It's totally normal and expected for biological research
               | labs to have biological samples with which to do
               | research.
               | 
               | What is being described is beyond that, with thinly
               | veiled suggestions of covert maliciousness sprinkled in.
        
               | gatgy wrote:
               | As we see in Wuhan, a virus can be devastating no matter
               | if it escapes from a research facility, a wet market or a
               | deliberate bioweapon. That was the primary concern of
               | Tulsi Gabbard.
               | 
               | In Ukraine, matters are exacerbated by the fact that
               | these research facilities, according to the left wing
               | newspaper The Guardian, were U.S. funded:
               | 
               | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/mar/11/russia-
               | biologi...
               | 
               |  _Ukraine does operate biological laboratories that
               | receive US funding. The US undersecretary of state
               | Victoria Nuland affirmed those facts in a Senate foreign
               | relations committee hearing this week, in which the
               | Republican senator Marco Rubio asked directly if Ukraine
               | had biological weapons._
               | 
               | Given the politically unstable situation in February 2022
               | and earlier, people like Greenwald and Gabbard simply
               | point out that Putin will view this as a provocation,
               | same as the Nuland/Graham involvement in the revolution
               | in 2014.
               | 
               | Most people who are called Putin apologists are simply
               | doing one thing: They know that Putin is a bully with
               | 6,000 nuclear weapons, so they try to understand his
               | thinking and possible reactions. As we see now, they were
               | right in many ways.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | > They know that Putin is a bully with 6,000 nuclear
               | weapons, so they try to understand his thinking and
               | possible reactions.
               | 
               | This would require reading what Putin wrote and
               | commenting on it. This would require listening to his
               | speeches in Russia. This would require close listening to
               | Russian ideology and mythology disseminated in Russia
               | itself and commenting on it. This would required reading
               | Russian and Easter European politics and history - at
               | least recent one.
               | 
               | It would require watching which of his statements are
               | shifting, which are ignored the moment they are not
               | useful, which are staying and which are supported by his
               | actions. I dont see them _ever_ mentioning Putins
               | historical theories, his theories about Ukraine
               | statehood, about Stalin.
               | 
               | And somehow, that concern exists only when Russia is
               | trying to excuse invasion by bioweapons labs. Somehow,
               | magically, this concern did not existed before, nor in
               | other countries and stopped existing as it turned out not
               | many people are buying it as excuse for invasion. There
               | was no "maybe the war did not started due to that"
               | consideration either.
               | 
               | This was not concern about "provocation" or concern about
               | Putin being good-faith afraid of new covid from Ukraine.
               | This was muddying waters, trying to build up new WMD-like
               | narrative, because libs are at Ukrainien side.
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | >And somehow, that concern exists only when Russia is
               | trying to excuse invasion by bioweapons labs. Somehow,
               | magically, this concern did not existed before, nor in
               | other countries and stopped existing as it turned out not
               | many people are buying it as excuse for invasion.
               | 
               | Seriously, like are we supposed to believe Russia has no
               | biological labs? Or that only Russia is allowed to, and
               | not other countries like Ukraine?
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | To reiterate:
               | 
               | It's totally normal and expected for biological research
               | labs to have biological samples with which to do
               | research.
               | 
               | Ukraine, like any other country, has a vested interest in
               | the health of its population, and so Ukraine, like many
               | other countries, performs research on diseases that ail
               | mankind.
               | 
               | Additionally, "receives US funding" is a better way to
               | put it than "US funded", which is calculated to make it
               | seem more like the US was the _only_ country funding
               | them. Though one would expect that one of the largest
               | economies in the world would help its allies research and
               | treat their diseases.
               | 
               | The accusations and suppositions put forward are beyond
               | that, with thinly veiled suggestions of covert
               | maliciousness sprinkled in.
               | 
               | As for Putin, he views the existence of a free Ukraine
               | that isn't part of Russia, as a provocation, thus the
               | invasion, so it's pretty clear that what he viewed as
               | provocation is not necessarily an actual provocation, but
               | rather a pretext for further violence that he already
               | planned anyways.
        
               | shkkmo wrote:
               | > What is being described is beyond that
               | 
               | Instead of describing it, why not provide a quote with a
               | citation to its context?
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | I'm not doing either at the moment. Why do you ask?
        
           | TheGigaChad wrote:
        
           | cycomanic wrote:
           | I think it's not quite so simple. I previously believed in
           | some of the strong ad honimems against him (and I have
           | revised that position). However, I am very critical of some
           | of his behaviour, he himself has used bad faith communication
           | (often adopted from right wing pundits) strategies to
           | criticise "his side/the left" and had the same time goes onto
           | shows like Tucker Carlsson and does not use it to engage in
           | critical dialogue with him, or call out his constant bad
           | faith arguments, but instead "bash the left".
        
             | gkaly wrote:
             | Of course he goes on Tucker Carlson's show, because stories
             | like the Hunter Biden laptop were suppressed by CNN,
             | Facebook, Twitter and others. In fact they were called
             | "Russian disinformation".
             | 
             | Now in 2022, many of the same outlets suddenly acknowledge
             | the authenticity of the story. CNN has James Clapper as its
             | own security analyst (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_C
             | lapper#CNN_national_sec...), why would Greenwald appear
             | there after all that has happened in 2013?
             | 
             | Many of Greenwald's "conspiracy theories" are facts two
             | years later.
        
             | colordrops wrote:
             | Attacking him for going on Tucker Carlson is a typical bad
             | faith smear used against him and many others. CNN and MSNBC
             | won't have him on despite him being willing to interview.
             | Why must people only go on shows that are on "their side"?
             | That's propaganda, not journalism.
             | 
             | Every journalist has a particular topic and audience that
             | they focus on. His topic and audience is around waking up
             | left wingers to the bad behavior of the "their own side".
             | This topic is almost completely unaddressed amongst the
             | left. To attack the right would be singing to the choir,
             | and also be part of the choir, because 99% of the rest of
             | left wing media already focus all their effort on "the
             | other side". Do you not think it's a waste of time to
             | convince the left that trump and fox are bad?
             | 
             | The fact is that most media are just cheerleaders for team
             | red or team blue. Glenn is not a cheerleader, and thus not
             | an establishment mouthpiece, and so he gets smeared by
             | people like you.
        
               | cycomanic wrote:
               | > Attacking him for going on Tucker Carlson is a typical
               | bad faith smear used against him and many others. CNN and
               | MSNBC won't have him on despite him being willing to
               | interview. Why must people only go on shows that are on
               | "their side"? That's propaganda, not journalism.
               | 
               | Hold on, I did not say he shouldn't be going on Fox news
               | or TC. However going to Fox news and calling NYT biased
               | left wing media of the "rich elite", without any
               | criticism towards Fox news, their ownership and agenda is
               | not engaging in a good faith debate.
               | 
               | > Every journalist has a particular topic and audience
               | that they focus on. His topic and audience is around
               | waking up left wingers to the bad behavior of the "their
               | own side". This topic is almost completely unaddressed
               | amongst the left.
               | 
               | So do you believe that going to Fox news and essentially
               | repeating their talking points is a good way of "waking
               | up the left"? I mean the audience he is trying to address
               | is not really listening there is it? Also why not take
               | the opportunity to also engage critically with Fox?
               | 
               | >To attack the right would be singing to the choir, and
               | also be part of the choir, because 99% of the rest of
               | left wing media already focus all their effort on "the
               | other side". Do you not think it's a waste of time to
               | convince the left that trump and fox are bad?
               | 
               | I find the notion that any media in the US is left
               | completely alien. I mean the NYT would maybe considered
               | centre right in most of Europe.
               | 
               | > The fact is that most media are just cheerleaders for
               | team red or team blue. Glenn is not a cheerleader, and
               | thus not an establishment mouthpiece, and so he gets
               | smeared by people like you.
               | 
               | I find it ironic that in a discussion about bad faith
               | communication, you call my criticising Glenn as smearing?
               | Where did I attack his character? I think what he is
               | doing is not constructive, and I explained why I think
               | that is the case.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | > CNN and MSNBC won't have him on despite him being
               | willing to interview.
               | 
               | The majority of journalists and opinion writers wont ever
               | be on CNN and MSNBC. Overwhelming majority of them, in
               | fact.
               | 
               | > Every journalist has a particular topic and audience
               | that they focus on. His topic and audience is around
               | waking up left wingers to the bad behavior of the "their
               | own side".
               | 
               | Well, in that case, he is massive failure. Probably
               | because he argues in bad faith and also because hate is
               | dripping out of him.
               | 
               | > This topic is almost completely unaddressed amongst the
               | left.
               | 
               | The left is constantly engaged in in-fighting.
        
               | colordrops wrote:
               | Glenn Greenwald is worthy of being on CNN and MSNBC, and
               | has been on before, but mysteriously was no longer
               | invited once he started criticizing the liberal
               | establishment. Hmm..
               | 
               | And in-fighting is not the same as calling out the
               | corrupt elite that maintain the Overton window of what
               | most blue journalists and politicians speak about.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | Overwhelming majority of journalists is "worthy" of that.
               | But, Glenn Greenwald seemed to be mostly emotional bundle
               | last years as I was watching him. And completely unable
               | to handle any pushback or criticism back - responding
               | with pure insults and anger half the time.
               | 
               | I used to like him and respect him, which is why I was
               | following him. It was not other peoples criticism of
               | Greenwald that made me loose respect to him. People I
               | normally follow dont comment on Greenwald. It was him.
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | Nah, Glenn Greenwald is not arguing in good faith and was not
           | for a long time. And I did not needed to "smear campaign"
           | against him to figure that out. All I needed was was to read
           | his twitter feed regularly - as I was. He is good at strong
           | words and insults, but not at good faith discussion at all.
           | 
           | > His beliefs and ideas are clearly left wing and he has
           | remained consistent,
           | 
           | Kinda yes and no, not really. He has some lefty opinions, but
           | that is it.
        
             | bena wrote:
             | I mean, I don't think colordrops/gkaly is defending
             | Greenwald in good faith either.
        
               | colordrops wrote:
               | What did I say that was underhanded or otherwise
               | indicated bad faith? Your direct ad hominem labeling
               | without any context or explanation is the most bad faith
               | thing in this thread.
        
               | bena wrote:
               | Cycomanic pointed it out thoroughly enough that I'd only
               | be repeating what they said.
               | 
               | One of your bigger tells however is how you never
               | actually defend your positions. You only attack the
               | others' opinions. You constantly require everyone else to
               | be on the defense while never actually defending your
               | positions yourself.
               | 
               | You're not here to engage in debate, you're here to rant.
        
               | colordrops wrote:
               | Are you not aware that you are doing everything you are
               | accusing me of?
        
               | bena wrote:
               | I'm not and you know it.
               | 
               | I notice you also didn't engage with Cycomanic after he
               | deconstructed your post and called out all of your bad
               | faith tactics. I also pointed out another.
               | 
               | You also like to sneak in hyperbole. You claim I said you
               | were underhanded, when I did no such thing. It's an
               | effort to get me to argue something I never said.
               | 
               | This isn't so much an accusation as just pointing out
               | what you're doing here.
        
               | colordrops wrote:
               | Anyone reading this thread sees that you aren't even
               | discussing the topic, labeling me, and criticizing with
               | vague generalizations, then accusing others of exactly
               | what you are doing, which is bad faith argument. Your
               | response here is not worth further comment.
        
         | vlunkr wrote:
         | I agree with this, but in spaces where bad faith is the
         | predominant form of communication, you'll probably be accused
         | of being a centrist for not falling exactly in line.
        
           | johnm wrote:
           | You'll be called much much worse than that. IME, you'll be
           | lumped into the "other side" as defined by each of the bad
           | faith participants. And if you point out their bad faith
           | intent and rhetorical games, the level of ad hominem attacks
           | increases exponentially.
        
             | switchbak wrote:
             | Exactly. This explains why those in the middle receive the
             | most aggression: they're traitors AND hated by both
             | extremes.
             | 
             | Whether you want to or not, as things get more polarized,
             | it becomes ever more difficult to maintain any kind of
             | nuanced position.
        
               | XorNot wrote:
               | Except centrism isn't a real position - by definition.
               | It's solely defined by the sides in opposition. There's a
               | real and important difference between holding positions
               | which make you "roughly" at the center of apparent sides,
               | and the apparent holding of positions because "moderate"
               | or "centrist" is being held up as a virtue.
               | 
               | And that last part is key: at the point where people are
               | arguing that they are moderate, rather then what they
               | actually believe, they're not arguing in good faith to
               | start with - they're trying to argue they're morally
               | superior without engaging with the actual subject matter.
               | 
               | At best, they're in fact arguing for the status quo and
               | trying to pretend that they are not in fact very
               | definitely asserting a position by doing that.
        
               | notahacker wrote:
               | "Centrism" is every bit as real as "right wing" or "left
               | wing", both positions also defined in different contexts
               | by what is to the left/right of them. And people can be
               | as genuinely enthusiastic in principle and detail about
               | "a market, but a heavily regulated one" as they can about
               | "the government has no business interfering in markets"
               | or "private profiteers can't be allowed to exploit this
               | resource". Or indeed hold a particular "right wing" or
               | "left wing" position purely because they believe that
               | agreeing with their tribe or expressing the appropriate
               | degree of vehemence of disagreement with the other tribes
               | makes them more virtuous.
               | 
               | There's a certain amount of irony in dismissing a entire
               | range of political opinion as uniquely susceptible to
               | "trying to argue they're morally superior without
               | engaging with the actual subject matter" under an article
               | about bad faith communication.
        
               | cnelsenmilt wrote:
               | > Except centrism isn't a real position - by definition.
               | 
               | > they're in fact [...] very definitely asserting a
               | position by doing that.
               | 
               | You seem to have talked yourself out of your own argument
               | through the course of making it.
        
               | XorNot wrote:
               | Status quo conservatism is definitively right wing.
        
               | mistermann wrote:
               | I think what's caused a disagreement here with you and
               | /u/notahacker is the word "real" in this casual,
               | seemingly fine phrase:
               | 
               | >> Except centrism isn't a real position - by definition.
               | 
               | There is _something_ distinctly and _genuinely_ different
               | about centrism, but it is still a _real_ position (it
               | does in fact _exist_ , and is thus "real").
               | 
               | I think what you're actually getting at is that centrism
               | is a relative position ( _by definition_ ), whereas non-
               | centrists are _absolute_ positions. Well...at least
               | potentially. Fundamentally, few positions are not mostly
               | relative (especially if one includes premises, axioms,
               | etc), as the mind fundamentally and _almost_ necessarily
               | perceives reality thorough relative lenses (with respect
               | to the individual 's prior experiences, or in neural
               | network terms: according to the training of their model).
               | And if one is to discuss things in purely/highly absolute
               | terms, the other person will balk ("That's pedantry/Gish
               | Galloping / JAQing off!", behavior which more than a few
               | HN'ers are not immune to themselves).
               | 
               | I believe a large percentage of the population actually
               | possesses these abilities, and some subset of people even
               | exercise these abilities on a very regular basis, with
               | extreme skill (say, when we are programming software) -
               | but only under specific circumstances. Take someone who
               | has these capabilities and drop them into an object level
               | culture war discussion, and these abilities will vanish.
               | This phenomenon can be seen in large quantities not just
               | on sites like Reddit, but also here - it is our nature,
               | at least for now (perhaps some day someone will notice
               | and try to address the issue).
               | 
               | There are also other hidden fundamental problems that are
               | rarely realized or discussed: as just one example, the
               | very language we use to communicate - take the innocuous
               | looking word word "is"....oh, the problems this one
               | _seemingly_ simple word causes in  "reality".
        
           | hedora wrote:
           | I've found they usually assume I'm secretly on the other
           | side.
           | 
           | Someone (that is generally thoughtful and level-headed) once
           | implied I was racist because I agreed with a conservative.
           | 
           | The conservative had claimed, and I agreed, that, on average,
           | people of African descent have quantifiably darker skin than
           | those with Northern European ancestry.
           | 
           | Edit: The context was a paper on Vitamin D deficiency arguing
           | that funding for increasing Vitamin D supplementation should
           | be aimed at African American communities, since Vitamin D
           | deficiency is more common in darker-skinned communities.
           | 
           | According to the paper, darker skin means less sunlight gets
           | through, which means less Vitamin D production per unit of
           | sun exposure. This matches common sense, and also their
           | epidemiological data.
        
           | colordrops wrote:
           | Nah, you'll be accused of being the opposite of what you are.
           | See Glenn Greenwald and Matt Taibbi.
        
             | projektfu wrote:
             | Why it happened to Taibbi I am unsure, but Greenwald has
             | often resorted to bad faith callouts, before and after his
             | "excommunication". I remember his Iraq war era blogging and
             | uncharitable paraphrasing was pretty common. I just didn't
             | care at the time because I was also antiwar.
        
           | thombles wrote:
           | "Concern troll" is another popular one.
        
         | softfalcon wrote:
         | I agree that it's important for your own side to call out bad
         | faith communication as much as possible. Scrutiny of your own
         | sides arguments helps improve your position and intellectual
         | honesty.
         | 
         | That being said, what is ideal in theory, breaks down in
         | practice.
         | 
         | Feel free to take this with a grain of salt, my experience has
         | been that when one person calls out another on their side for
         | bad faith communication, a weird popularity contest happens.
         | 
         | As others have said about "feeling like a traitor", the person
         | who is called out feels metaphorically "stabbed in the back" by
         | someone they now perceive as a "turncoat". The ensuing
         | popularity battle is used to discredit the position of the
         | person who called out the bad faith communication. I've seen it
         | many times, it's both predictable and bizarre. Watching folks
         | alienate their closest friends and advocates to protect a
         | perceived attack on their ego is wild.
        
         | inglor_cz wrote:
         | One of the things about call out culture is that it can be an
         | extremely potent weapon for bad faith actors to silence
         | everyone else. Thus stiffling vital dissent and making
         | organizations stupid. In the recent Atlantic, there is an
         | article by Jonathan Haidt that argues precisely that.
         | 
         | Looking at past results, I would not encourage call out culture
         | further.
        
         | hedora wrote:
         | I once got in a long argument with a pro vaccine journalist
         | about this (I am also for vaccines).
         | 
         | The predominant viewpoint in modern day journalism is that a
         | true headline that is technically correct and gets page views
         | is a good headline.
         | 
         | This is the first sign of bad faith communication in the
         | article (misleading with facts).
         | 
         | Example (ficticious) controversial headline:
         | 
         | "Scientists extremely concerned that new variant will kill more
         | children."
         | 
         | Two scientists, and only two dead kids globally (so, less than
         | the current variant), and this is a fine thing to say,
         | apparently.
         | 
         | The goal of a good journalist, in their mind, is to be
         | technically correct while selling papers by getting people to
         | assume the headline means:
         | 
         | "The scientific consensus is that a larger percentage of
         | children will die from the next Covid variant".
         | 
         | No minds were changed during the argument, but I think we both
         | learned something.
        
           | ModernMech wrote:
           | In the sprit of TFA, let me try to steel man their argument,
           | with which I don't agree.
           | 
           | Effective communication requires nuance, and definitionally
           | nuances are subtle, and therefore are often difficult to
           | convey in a terse way.
           | 
           | Headlines definitionally are restricted in length. So we can
           | say that nuance and headlines are natural enemies.
           | 
           | Therefore, the best thing a headline can do is to direct a
           | reader toward nuance, which hopefully is contained within the
           | article. So an article that gets page views is not just good
           | for the publisher, but it's also good for discourse in
           | general.
           | 
           | But what about technically correct? Well, I think it's safe
           | to say that a headline that gets clicks but is technically
           | wrong is not what we want. Then let's consider technically
           | correct, what does that even mean? To me, I'd really have to
           | hear the argument in full, but in the spirit of steel manning
           | I'd have to think what they meant was "factually correct", as
           | "technically correct" has some negative connotation having to
           | do focusing on facts while ignoring or discounting more
           | salient issues.
           | 
           | Then again, due to the limited nature of a headline, some or
           | even most of the context _must_ be elided. So really I think
           | the difference between something being  "factually correct"
           | and "technically correct" is intent to deceive through lies
           | of omission.
           | 
           | Given the above, I would say a good headline is one which
           | drives the reader to nuance and does so in a way which is
           | factually correct, which I could see characterized as
           | "technically correct and gets page views".
        
         | ajross wrote:
         | > It would be great for people who desire good faith
         | communication to call out people who are resorting to bad faith
         | techniques.
         | 
         | In fact that practice is expressly disallowed on this very
         | site, whose guidelines demand we assume good faith on the part
         | of other commenters.
        
           | beebeepka wrote:
           | Thank you. I wondered how many others have reached the same
           | conclusion. I know I did almost immediately
        
           | cycomanic wrote:
           | According to the article always assuming bad faith by the
           | other side is part of the problem that we are lead into. So
           | by calling for the assumption of good faith we can avoid
           | falling into the spiral of bad faith communication.
        
       | projektfu wrote:
       | I see a dynamic on Twitter a lot where a person who is probably
       | aligned with the retweeter is thrown under the bus to demonstrate
       | the purity of the retweeter. The retweeted person is usually
       | misrepresented or uncharitable interpreted.
       | 
       | Why so much friendly fire? It is hard to imagine we can truly
       | heal discourse across a political divide when we cannot even do
       | nice to our neighbors on the spectrum.
        
       | SergeAx wrote:
       | Why, why for god sake, half of the text in this article is made
       | of pictures?! JPEG pictures!!
        
       | alexb_ wrote:
       | This article is great at explaining many differences between good
       | and bad faith communication, but repeatedly asserts that bad
       | communication = wars, violence, etc while providing no proof or
       | argument to support that claim.
       | 
       | In reality, we are in a world where there is absolutely 0 reason
       | to be arguing in good faith for anything you truly care about.
       | The most effective way you convince people of something is using
       | all of the bad faith tactics listed here - you get no bonus
       | points from the audience for avoiding these, since a very small
       | amount of people are willing to say something about it, and by
       | avoiding these tactics you are just letting your opponents use
       | them to gain an upper hand.
       | 
       | If there is something you truly care about, something that you
       | think swaying general opinion could make a real difference in
       | your life, arguing in "good faith" is foolish.
        
         | barrysteve wrote:
         | Why would you ever say that?
         | 
         | Facebook is suffering a slow death from burning up all it's
         | good will on bad faith money grabs. The news feed could still
         | be the place where people discuss their lives, but close to
         | zero people trust facebook anymore.
         | 
         | Mental note: alexb_ will lie to my face.
        
           | alexb_ wrote:
           | I'm not saying that is how it should be. I'm saying that's
           | how it is. You earn no sympathy from the audience by only
           | using logic and reason - in order to make change in the
           | world, you must additionally use fallacies, diversions,
           | personal attacks, false equivalencies, and every other trick
           | in the book. If you refuse to use these, you will lose to
           | those who do, every single time. It does not matter how well
           | thought out, reasonable, logical, or correct your argument is
           | if you can't convince anyone.
        
             | JetAlone wrote:
             | "Guys we have to use any effective tactic possible in the
             | book to win, even lies and cruelty!"
             | 
             | >"You mean like the possible tactic of not posting an open
             | exhortation to lie and be cruel, so as to maintain
             | beneficial optics?"
             | 
             | "..."
             | 
             | You played yourself.
        
               | alexb_ wrote:
               | You think I'm playing any side? Of what argument exactly?
               | I'm just telling people how the world is working. I don't
               | really care what you think of me in particular lmao
        
               | JetAlone wrote:
               | I looked through some of your comments and I agree with
               | the sentiments expressed in many of them. I had actually
               | already +1'd a small handful of them. I do have to wonder
               | what you actually believe though since, in your
               | pragmatism you have already stated a maxim to sacrifice
               | truth/honesty for power. Regardless of which side(s) you
               | are actually on, you are _playing yourself_ if you are
               | going to live by this model of reality and doubly so if
               | you then go on to openly espouse it. In my absolutist
               | mentality, it is better to be 100% honest, for the sake
               | of the truth, because in it you can prove your
               | trustworthiness to somebody and have a real connection at
               | least with them, even if the whole rest of the world
               | totally sucks. Even if your enemies do cut you down one
               | day through grimy means, you still at least lived some of
               | your life in truth. That 's a life worth living. A life
               | spent consciously engaging in dirty tactics is not.
               | 
               | You have said you don't care what I think, but I have
               | little certitude to believe you really mean that, so I
               | will say it; I think you are totally lost until you back
               | up and reconsider this line of reasoning.
        
         | hans1729 wrote:
         | Game theory 101. You want to build a good/better world? Then
         | don't be shit. Don't contribute to shit dynamics. Build a
         | sustainable culture where people listen to each other. I'll
         | never get how this isn't ingrained to reasonable people from
         | the get-go
        
           | dataduck wrote:
           | It is, but sometimes it's difficult even when you're trying;
           | and of course, not everybody is reasonable.
        
           | paradite wrote:
           | There might be only one Pareto Optimal solution, but there
           | can be many Nash Equilibrium solutions.
           | 
           | Also, humans are not 100% rational agents.
        
         | narag wrote:
         | It's not foolish. Aldous Huxley explained why in his _Ends and
         | Means_ , more than eighty years ago.
         | 
         | Ends don't justify means. On the contrary, if the only way to
         | achieve some end are nefarious means, it's a very strong signal
         | that the end itself is not as desirable as it seems.
         | 
         | Most times, people sell their souls only to find later that
         | they can't get what they paid for.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | Zerverus wrote:
         | One only needs to look at the spiral leading to both world wars
         | to see that there is absolutely a good reason to communicate in
         | good faith.
         | 
         | Tragedy of the commons right here.
        
           | dataduck wrote:
           | Another lesson from Munich etc. is that it might be a good
           | idea to go to violence pre-emptively when it becomes clear
           | someone is communicating in bad faith.
        
           | cardanome wrote:
           | Neither world war was caused by bad faith communication nor
           | could have been resolved by any form of communication. This
           | is a hopelessly naive take.
           | 
           | Yes, in times of war the truth and with it good faith
           | communication is one of the first things to go. This is a
           | symptom, not a cause of war.
           | 
           | The view that every conflict can be solved by good faith
           | communication in a for both sides acceptable manner is
           | insane.
           | 
           | If one side wants to murder all people with a certain
           | intrinsic attribute be it race, sexual orientation or
           | whatever and the other side does not want to be murdered,
           | there is no compromise to be made. The people of the first
           | group will never engage in good faith with the later group
           | that they view as subhuman. Any attempt to establish good
           | faith communication will only HURT the later group.
        
       | rhaksw wrote:
       | To say nothing of communication issues caused by social media
       | users themselves, the platforms can have _built-in_
       | miscommunication. For example, on reddit your removed comments
       | are shown to you as if they are live, as shown here [1]. You can
       | try it yourself in r /CantSayAnything [2].
       | 
       | You can be having a conversation with someone that suddenly stops
       | because a 3rd party removed the last reply. Often, neither of the
       | speakers is aware this happened, making it appear to each as if
       | the other ghosted the discussion.
       | 
       | [1] https://i.imgur.com/E3bFvKh.png
       | 
       | [2] https://www.reddit.com/r/CantSayAnything
        
         | RyanShook wrote:
         | This "feature" of Reddit has always really bothered me. Who is
         | Reddit helping when a user's comment is removed but they're
         | tricked into thinking it's still up?
        
           | beebeepka wrote:
           | I know this is likely a rhetorical question but since you
           | asked: it benefits whoever controls the narrative
        
             | npteljes wrote:
             | And it preserves the integrity of the community at a larger
             | scale.
        
               | beebeepka wrote:
               | How exactly? It's not like the only other option is
               | "always assume bad faith".
               | 
               | Since reality is a bit more complex, I think such things
               | should be decided on a case by case basis. I've seen
               | plenty of both extremes here on HN, and tons of unknowns
        
               | npteljes wrote:
               | By being an effective moderation tool. I like
               | shadowbanning more than a simple ban, because I think it
               | works better by not giving the bad actor an instant
               | response. They can't use the feedback for further bad
               | action, creating a sense of confusion, or being ignored.
               | And then if we suppose that it works well, then with
               | other useful tools in the moderators' bag of tricks, they
               | can do a good job keeping a community's discussion above
               | a certain level, thereby benefiting the community at a
               | larger scale. I'm sure that if used in bad faith, it can
               | be used to control a narrative, but in this regard it
               | doesn't do a better job than other moderation tools, like
               | editing a comment or banning users.
        
           | bittercynic wrote:
           | If the user could tell they were banned they might be quicker
           | to create a new account and continue the behavior they were
           | banned for.
           | 
           | I get the practicality of it, but still think it's a pretty
           | nasty thing to do. Even to a troll.
        
             | XorNot wrote:
             | HN has shadow ban functionality:
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26940481
        
           | rhaksw wrote:
           | Good question. Research suggests providing removal
           | explanations [on posts] results in less work for mods [1].
           | And more research into reddit moderation is on the way [2].
           | 
           | The first time silent removals were discussed on reddit was
           | apparently in 2007,
           | 
           | > "A better idea is a silent ban. Let him post comments" [3]
           | (found via [3.a])
           | 
           | In 2010 reddit's CTO said he supports silent bans [4] after a
           | blogger discovered they had been silently banned. And the CEO
           | in 2017 said it was necessary [5], then in 2018 said,
           | 
           | > If we knew everything everything we know today about spam,
           | enforcement, and transparency, we probably wouldn't build
           | shadow-banning. It's use is really limited to spam, and I
           | think the downsides (false positives, lack of transparency)
           | outweigh the benefits.
           | 
           | > That said, it was useful in the early days when spam was
           | more of an arms race, we didn't have moderators or reporting,
           | and our content policy was limited to spam. [6]
           | 
           | [1] https://www.reddit.com/r/science/comments/duwdco/should_m
           | ode...
           | 
           | [2] https://www.reddit.com/r/changemyview/comments/tk7xl1/met
           | a_c...
           | 
           | [3] https://web.archive.org/web/20070604141333/http://reddit.
           | com...
           | 
           | [3.a] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=20647592#20650370
           | 
           | [4] https://www.reddit.com/r/reddit.com/comments/bbc58/silent
           | ly_...
           | 
           | [5] https://www.reddit.com/r/announcements/comments/5q4qmg/ou
           | t_w...
           | 
           | [6] https://www.reddit.com/r/TheoryOfReddit/comments/8k5qh3/i
           | f_y...
        
           | npteljes wrote:
           | It's a tactic against spammers and trolls. It's believed that
           | they are not as likely to continue the behavior as they would
           | if they saw the immediate consequence of their actions.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadow_banning
        
       | overthemoon wrote:
       | With the caveat that I very much believe in civil, good faith
       | discourse, I find that in being a formal critique of the
       | discourse, it can nevertheless introduce the author's own
       | ideological preferences (fine) in a way that appears neutral (not
       | fine) or purely formal (very not fine). Here are two examples:
       | 
       | > Calls for good faith communication are understood at best as
       | naive requests to calm the outrage and conflict that now runs
       | rife in political discourse. Both ends of the political spectrum
       | (the far left and the far right) express this view. Both sides
       | believe that "the other side" simply can't be trusted and
       | therefore cannot be engaged in good faith.
       | 
       | This phenomenon exists, it permeates the spectrum. However, the
       | use of the word "far" here sticks in my craw. It implies, without
       | outright suggesting, that the center is the reasonable referee,
       | rather than existing on a spectrum that has a history. What is
       | center today may very well have been "far left" or "far right" 40
       | years ago, and its relative distance from other ideologies is
       | irrelevant when it comes to objectivity. You have a home base.
       | It's not just "Liberalism". No one is a contentless unit of
       | democratic formalism.
       | 
       | > Given well-documented advances in the field of information
       | warfare, there should be no illusion: today's culture war cannot
       | be won by any side. Mutually assured destruction is now the name
       | of the wargame.[6] The saturation of bad faith communication
       | throughout culture is steadily increasing, like a kind of
       | dangerous background radiation emitted from scientifically
       | engineered memetic weaponry. Public political discourse is
       | quickly becoming a toxic warzone, leaching externalities into
       | families, friendships, and identity structures.
       | 
       | "Culture war" is a slur for a particular kind of vitriolic
       | discourse, but it is in fact a war over what we consider the
       | common good. In other words--politics. This is the meat and
       | potatoes of democracy. Liberalism says the state shouldn't have
       | an opinion on it. The "common good" is what we all agree it is.
       | People will disagree. So then it stands to reason that whoever
       | has the most influence (defined as broadly as you'd like) gets to
       | decide what the common good is. This war has high stakes.
       | 
       | This also smuggles in the notion that so-called information
       | warfare has in fact warped political outcomes, which is far from
       | being well-documented. The cause->effect sequence is not
       | established. But let's say it is--who are the actors, and why are
       | they doing it? Those motivations have political causes. What are
       | they? Or is misinformation just metastasized communication,
       | chaotic irruptions that happens over a long enough time scale?
       | 
       | Overall, this presents a primarily formal and cultural diagnosis
       | of political chaos and fracture as the root cause, couched in
       | objective language, when that is itself an ideological position.
       | There are other analyses. One might argue that the fractured
       | discourse is an effect, not a cause, but it's taken for granted
       | that _formal_ misbehavior is the cause of the fractious political
       | atmosphere, rather than... well, anything else, I guess.
       | Substitute your favorite diagnosis here.
       | 
       | It's fine to have this analysis. It's not fine to pretend it's
       | anything but an ideological, non-objective analysis. I get the
       | impulse to try to rise above the fray. Politics is ugly, but it's
       | ugly because the stakes are so high. Getting lost in the weeds of
       | formal objections isn't going to fix anything. There's more going
       | on than just procedural fuck ups.
       | 
       | Just my take. I might be imbuing this article with the sins of
       | similar pieces it doesn't commit (although I don't think so), but
       | I think this tendency is common enough that it's worth bringing
       | up. It happens fairly often on HN. Nerds love rules. I'm no
       | exception.
        
         | LichenStone wrote:
         | I agree that this article perhaps veers a little too far into
         | the kind of 'objective' territory that you mention, it's
         | something I see and dislike often in similar pieces, though to
         | be fair I think it's probably quite hard to avoid while
         | remaining personally relatable to many people.
         | 
         | My strategy in general for taking in ideas is to simply pick
         | and choose the bits that seem interesting and productive, and
         | internally reinterpret those parts to remove the author's
         | biases and excessions that don't seem relevant.
         | 
         | This tends to cause issues when I share things like this
         | article though, people often seem to prefer to interpret the
         | tone of the piece as a whole, and that overall or initial
         | reading colours their view of the individual ideas that were
         | espoused, making it harder for me and them to have a productive
         | discussion about it.
        
       | chiefalchemist wrote:
       | > Bad faith communication has become normalized.
       | 
       | Like it or not, believe it or not, this is true of all actors.
       | (In the USA) it's not just Team Red, or Team Blue. Both have
       | become masters of the slight of information hand (i.e.,
       | propaganda).
       | 
       | If you choose to go binary and take sides then at least try to
       | avoid hyprocricy and hold your side to the same standards you
       | hold the other.
       | 
       | At the moment, bad faith comms and hyprocricy go hand in hand.
        
       | thedudeabides5 wrote:
       | The end game of bad faith communication is that noise begins to
       | dominate the channel.
       | 
       | Humans, reacting to this degradation in signal rely less and less
       | on channels that are dominated by noise.
       | 
       | This opens up opportunities for technology to build new channels,
       | which accumulate users, engagement and momentum by supporting
       | good faith communication (truth).
       | 
       | Thus the cycle continues.
        
         | throwaway15908 wrote:
         | Good communication does not speak of truth.
        
         | goatlover wrote:
         | > by supporting good faith communication (truth)
         | 
         | You can have good faith communication over something like the
         | Fermi Paradox or SETI, but the truth is unknown. With a lot of
         | complex social and political realities, the truth is also
         | unknown. Some facts are known, but how they fit whatever grand
         | narrative is in dispute. And with technology, often the dispute
         | centers around preference or what's popular, where for example,
         | which programming language is better doesn't really have a
         | truth value in the general sense.
        
           | kilburn wrote:
           | The truth in this case is that there's no programming
           | language that is better in all regards. There are programming
           | languages that are better at certain things, or that provide
           | certain benefits that are more important for some tasks.
           | 
           | Turning the conversation away from "X language is better" to
           | "X works best than Y to accomplish Z", trying to gauge by how
           | much (e.g.: will it pay of for you to learn X if you only
           | have to do Z once in your lifetime?), etc.. is what I'm
           | understanding "good faith" communication to entail in such
           | situations.
        
       | braingenious wrote:
       | I like the part where the author mentions having heard "you can't
       | argue with Nazis!" and then just sort of wanders off into
       | theoreticals about being polite or whatever.
       | 
       | I was really confused about what the author's actual experience
       | was like until I realized that this was published by some sort of
       | think tank. This whole article is basically a big bongrippy, chin
       | stroking hand-wave about the importance of Decorum.
       | 
       | Props to whoever got paid money to write this silly piece.
       | Whoever is funding this stuff clearly has too much money to
       | interface with reality and it's a good thing that they're
       | (hopefully) being fleeced to the max by writers that are happy to
       | churn out drivel
        
       | legalcorrection wrote:
       | There is no room for a truce. To oversimplify it, liberal
       | democracy was basically a 200 year armistice between liberals and
       | conservatives. Now, both sides see the imminent prospect of
       | either final defeat or final victory. The only thing that matters
       | is winning. On this, both sides are right.
        
         | Dracophoenix wrote:
         | The liberal-conservative dichotomy is a modern invention that
         | only came about sometime during the 60's. There have been
         | various parties and coalitions within parties throughout
         | American history.
        
           | tempestn wrote:
           | I'm not sure about that. Polarization in the United States
           | has certainly ebbed and flowed over time, but if you study
           | history, there has been a rough liberal-conservative
           | dichotomy in nearly every society I can think of, going back
           | at least hundreds of years. There's a great podcast actually,
           | Revolutions, by Mike Duncan - it devotes a season to each of
           | several famous historical revolutions. Currently it's in the
           | last season, on the Russian revolution, which is particularly
           | interesting in the present day, as it plants the seeds for
           | modern Russia. But given that these revolutions span
           | centuries, it's really striking how many commonalities they
           | have, and the echoes you can hear in modern discourse.
           | 
           | For example, liberals are generally agitating for greater
           | democratic freedoms, or in non-democratic societies, at least
           | freedom from oppression. Conservatives are, as the name
           | suggests, generally dissatisfied with the pace of change, and
           | in favor of maintaining current power structures. Also,
           | revolutions are generally presaged by exactly the kind of
           | breakdowns in communication described here. Increased
           | polarization, unwillingness to give the 'other side' any kind
           | of a political win, even if it's beneficial for everyone,
           | etc.
           | 
           | So yeah, while I could see that digital communication might
           | have been a catalyst for our current situation, for the most
           | part this all looks very familiar. And as the article
           | describes, the likely result doesn't look good.
        
             | beaconstudios wrote:
             | There's also reactionaries who want to run the clock back -
             | traditionally these would take the form of loyalists after
             | a monarchy was already deposed, like the Bonapartists in
             | France.
        
           | legalcorrection wrote:
           | The battle isn't always being fought in interparty electoral
           | competition. The left-wing project to replace all traditional
           | hierarchy with radical egalitarianism has been in motion in
           | Western society since at least the French Revolution, with
           | some elements appearing in the American Revolution and
           | Protestant Reformation. The right-wing project to preserve
           | the traditional order has been around for longer, at least
           | since the merchant classes threatened the power of the old
           | aristocracy. This conflict has been sometimes dominated and
           | drowned out by more particular, parochial, and pressing
           | disagreements. The US, and to a lesser extent, England,
           | through liberal democracy were able to contain the jacobin
           | forces much more than societies on the continent were. But a
           | 100 year streak of leftist victories has basically put them
           | on the cusp of completely eradicating the old order. Even
           | today, a conservative's mindset has little in common with the
           | thoughts of a monarchist from the late 18th century. Those
           | ways of thinking have been eradicated by political force.
           | Some have tried to revive it, but it is just a faint echo,
           | like trying to recreate a song from a critic's review of it.
        
         | goatlover wrote:
         | What does winning mean for either side? The other side doesn't
         | just cease to exist. Nor do the people in the middle our
         | outside the dichotomy. Does it mean autocracy? And how will the
         | prevent revolution? How does it prevent an ongoing, unwinnable
         | civil war which fizzes out to another armistice after everyone
         | is sick of not winning?
        
           | legalcorrection wrote:
           | Opposition to homosexuality and racial integration did not
           | disappear in America, but they substantially waned. Even the
           | minority of people that privately hold opposite sentiments,
           | they will not express them publicly for fear not just of
           | public condemnation and private sanction but also legal
           | liability.
           | 
           | Consider that in 2008, a majority of the country opposed gay
           | marriage, but in 2022, a majority support _and_ it is
           | considered completely unacceptable to advocate for a return
           | to the old order. That 's what victory looks like. Consider
           | too that in 1990, a majority of the country was still against
           | interracial marriage. Today, those same people would probably
           | deny they ever felt that way, maybe even convincing
           | themselves of that lie. That's what winning looks like.
           | 
           | Today, a biological male can win women's sports competitions
           | and a five year old can be recognized as transsexual. A
           | robust majority of the country opposes it, but everyone
           | outside of Republican electoral politics[1] is scared to put
           | their face to any opposition to it. This is starting to look
           | like final victory.
           | 
           | [1] And even then, many Republican governors have vetoed
           | bills that would ban this.
        
             | tempestn wrote:
             | FWIW, I agree that 4-5 year old transgender kids are
             | something that strike most people as absurd. That is,
             | unless they know some transgender people and talk to them
             | about their experiences. I have a couple of close friends
             | who are trans, and know several others (including a good
             | friend of my son's in elementary school). _All_ of them
             | describing knowing their true gender with just as much
             | certainty as you or I know ours from about age 4. Obviously
             | that 's just a second-hand anecdote, but it's enough for me
             | to be confident that it is extremely common for trans
             | people to experience strong gender dysphoria from
             | essentially as soon as they become aware of the concept of
             | their own gender.
             | 
             | There is also research that shows suicide rates for
             | transgender people are far higher than the general
             | population--except for those who receive acceptance for
             | their gender identity from childhood, in which case the
             | difference is drastically reduced. And that's not hard for
             | me to believe. Try imagining yourself in that position.
             | You're a young boy, but for some reason you're in a girl's
             | body. You know that's not right, but no one believes you,
             | and instead they pressure you to act the part of someone
             | you're not, and imply (or outright state) that there's
             | something wrong with you for feeling otherwise. That's got
             | to be a tough life. Contrast that with the same initial
             | condition: you're a boy in a girl's body. But instead your
             | parents and other people you trust understand and tell you
             | that's OK and there are lots of other people experiencing
             | the same thing, and if you're confident you want to live as
             | a boy (or vice-versa the whole thing, obviously) then of
             | course you can do that and they'll help. Sounds a hell of a
             | lot better to me.
        
               | tome wrote:
               | > All of them describing knowing their true gender with
               | just as much certainty as you or I know ours from about
               | age 4
               | 
               | Did you? I don't recall "knowing" my truer gender from
               | age 4. That's something that I took years to grow into,
               | and didn't become a question at the fore of my mind until
               | teenage years.
        
               | tempestn wrote:
               | I meant as much as we know ours now, not at age 4. I
               | don't recall what or whether I thought about gender at
               | all at that age. But I don't remember ever really
               | thinking about my gender except in the context of
               | conversations around gender topics like this one.
               | Presumably for cisgender folks there's not normally any
               | motivation to do so, any more than you'd spend time
               | specifically thinking about other aspects of your person.
               | But I can see how one would be much more likely to think
               | about it if the gender they experience doesn't match
               | their physical body and how others perceive them. And
               | I've spoken to enough people with very similar
               | experiences that I have no reason to doubt them.
               | 
               | And I guess that's what I don't understand about those
               | who find transgender kids implausible. From what I can
               | tell, the vast majority of transgender people will tell
               | you they became aware of it in early childhood. Why would
               | they lie? I can't come up with a speculation that doesn't
               | sound like an absurd straw man.
        
               | tome wrote:
               | Ah, so are you saying
               | 
               | * "We" had a weak sense of our true gender at age 4
               | 
               | * "We" have a strong sense of our true gender now
               | 
               | * Transgender people had a strong sense of their true
               | gender at age 4
               | 
               | > From what I can tell, the vast majority of transgender
               | people will tell you they became aware of it in early
               | childhood. Why would they lie? I can't come up with a
               | speculation that doesn't sound like an absurd straw man.
               | 
               | I think it would strengthen your argument if _everyone_
               | who had a strong sense of being transgender at age 4
               | maintained that sense into adulthood. I don 't know how
               | one would find that out though.
        
               | tempestn wrote:
               | Ah, is that the main point of disagreement? People are
               | thinking back to their own experience of gender at that
               | age, and then expecting it to be the same for trans kids.
               | I think, as I mentioned, a logical explanation for that
               | is that cis people don't have any reason to think about
               | it. Or at least didn't when we were kids. I've asked my
               | kids, and they're both confident in their gender at a
               | young age.
        
               | tome wrote:
               | I wasn't trying to disagree, just trying to understand
               | what you meant.
        
               | tempestn wrote:
               | Ah, gotcha. I bet there's something to that though. It
               | seems natural that having a very strong sense of gender
               | at age 4 would appear ridiculous to most people given
               | that it doesn't fit with their own experience. I do
               | expect over time mainstream opinion on this will shift
               | much as it has for homosexuality. Likewise there I think
               | it was initially difficult for straight people to relate,
               | because it just didn't fit with their own experience at
               | all--sexual attraction is something for people of the
               | opposite sex; if you think you're attracted to people of
               | the same sex, that doesn't make sense, so something must
               | have happened to you. Over time, more and more gay people
               | were out, more people came to realize that they knew gay
               | people, and those people truly did experience what they
               | said they experienced, and mainstream belief shifted.
               | 
               | Per the original comment here though, I hope it doesn't
               | happen by one 'side' winning and beating the other into
               | submission, but rather through that process of
               | understanding.
        
               | legalcorrection wrote:
               | I really appreciate the substantive comment. I disagree,
               | but I don't think it's worth arguing about here. My point
               | really doesn't have anything to do with the merits or
               | demerits of young childhood gender transitions. Fact is,
               | it's a position held by a minority, but the majority is
               | powerless to do anything about it because they are
               | absolutely terrified of the left's political power.
               | They're afraid to even say something about it. Certain
               | political groups are getting close to completely
               | transcending the liberal democratic truce.
        
               | tempestn wrote:
               | And I appreciate that, especially in the broader context
               | of the article we're commenting on! I agree with your
               | broader point that there are topics in our society where
               | one might be ostracized for expressing or even exploring
               | a view outside a certain consensus, even if it might be
               | one held by many people. And obviously that does make
               | good faith communication difficult. Of course some might
               | say that certain views are so vile they shouldn't be
               | given any consideration. Something like expressing overt
               | racial slurs for instance. And I can see the argument
               | that it's beneficial for society to shun those who
               | express such things. But it can certainly be taken too
               | far, and often is. And the effect is even more pronounced
               | I think within a political coalition than across the
               | spectrum, because there's even more pressure to conform
               | to the consensus view.
               | 
               | I realize the gender transition thing was beside your
               | main point; you just seemed like a reasonable person with
               | a differing view who might be open to my perspective
               | there. I wouldn't expect you to change your mind based on
               | an anecdote from a random stranger, but I hope you'll
               | keep it in mind. FWIW I'm more sympathetic to your other
               | example: trans athletes are a difficult issue IMO. In
               | general I wouldn't want transgender people to be deprived
               | of any of the rights anyone else of the same gender would
               | have. I think bathroom bans are ridiculous and cruel for
               | instance. But in the context of sport, there is also a
               | legitimate concern regarding fairness for other athletes.
               | I honestly don't know what the best outcome is there, but
               | I do think it's something reasonable people should be
               | able to discuss without being vilified.
        
       | jseban wrote:
       | I think the issue is trying to have individualism, and team work
       | at the same time.
       | 
       | Good performance is team effort, bad performance is 100%
       | individual. Seems to create incentives similar to an ultimatum
       | game. If you work together you get nothing, the only strategy
       | that will serve your own interest, is to step on other people.
        
       | rectang wrote:
       | > _many still assert that it is actually unethical to engage "the
       | other side" in good faith._
       | 
       | Not everybody on "the other side" is communicating in bad faith,
       | _but some are_. (Same with  "your own side".) When someone is
       | communicating in bad faith, I don't think it's "unethical" to
       | engage them in good faith, I think it's _foolhardy_.
       | 
       | Don't feed the trolls. For dog's sake don't assume you can change
       | the trolls.
       | 
       | One of the HN guidelines is "assume good faith". But many
       | arguments presented here are made in bad faith. There are certain
       | topics which in my view, cannot be intelligently discussed on HN
       | because you are not allowed to assume bad faith.
       | 
       | What's missing from this article is how to protect yourself from
       | bad faith actors.
       | 
       | (I've deliberately written this so that it could apply to "either
       | side". Take that as an attempt to engage in good faith.)
        
         | bricemo wrote:
         | I think this is the hard part. How do you engage in good faith
         | when everyone else seems to be engaging in bad faith tactics?
         | How can you be open to changing your mind when no one else is
         | open to changing theirs? Seems like you immediately lose every
         | time.
         | 
         | I believe strongly in these good faith tactics, and I use them
         | to engage with people I vehemently disagree with. Because of
         | this I have a deeper understanding of them than many of my
         | peers on the other side. But understanding doesn't help the
         | situation. The overall conversation continues to deteriorate
         | year after year.
         | 
         | I think this page is a great definition of what is happening,
         | but a poor prescription of what to do about it.
        
           | jimkleiber wrote:
           | Besides really not liking the good/bad faith categorization
           | as I described in another comment, another thing I think this
           | article misses is the personal benefit of communicating more
           | openly with someone else. I feel much more relaxed and proud
           | when I open up and tell someone what I'm feeling and why I
           | think I believe what I do than when I insult them for their
           | beliefs. It may not "win" the argument and it may not even
           | get them to open up, but it gets me to open up and I have
           | seen so many benefits to that, even if the other person
           | doesn't "play" with me.
           | 
           | > I think this page is a great definition of what is
           | happening, but a poor prescription of what to do about it.
           | 
           | I strongly strongly agree. Notice how even in this, I'm not
           | saying "you are 100% right", I'm still open to changing my
           | perspective, and yes maybe partially it's because I find that
           | even comments like this land better with the recipient when I
           | express my perspective rather than assert a global truth, but
           | mostly I feel much better saying it this way.
           | 
           | Anyway, I could talk about this stuff for days, it's what I
           | do for work, teaching myself and others how to communicate to
           | better resolve such conflict. Doesn't meant I'm "right" just
           | means I spend a lotttt of time thinking about this stuff.
        
             | andrei_says_ wrote:
             | > Anyway, I could talk about this stuff for days, it's what
             | I do for work, teaching myself and others how to
             | communicate to better resolve such conflict.
             | 
             | How do you approach conflict resulting from bad faith
             | interaction? How do you deescalate such conflict?
        
               | jimkleiber wrote:
               | I find one of the most effective ways has been for me to
               | try to feel closer to them first. I think a lot of
               | conflict leads into attacks, such as blame, guilt
               | tripping, rejection, etc, and so I practice replying to
               | such attacks in a way where I might feel closer to them
               | after than when I started. To get back on the same team,
               | per say. It doesn't mean they will, but I've found that
               | if at least think they're on my team, then I'm more
               | likely to engage with them openly and they may come
               | around to do the same.
               | 
               | I practice three main steps: 1) tell the truth about how
               | I'm actually feeling 2) tell them how I imagine they
               | might be feeling, and 3) say one thing to connect with
               | love. If I do the first two steps well, then the third
               | comes more easily.
               | 
               | There are other tactics, such as separating behavior from
               | person: "I'm not mad at you, I'm mad at what you said,
               | and I'm telling you because I care about you." Or really
               | expressing uncertainty: "I don't know what to do anymore"
               | (as long as I genuinely don't know what to do)
               | 
               | I'd say overall the goal is for me to feel closer to
               | them, for me to resolve my conflict with them, and then
               | maybe they'll resolve their side as well, but not
               | required.
               | 
               | Does that make sense?
        
               | robocat wrote:
               | Nitpick: "per say" -> "per se"
               | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/per_se Not sure if
               | autoincorrect but it is a common mistake.
        
               | jimkleiber wrote:
               | Oh it definitely was intentional and I'm grateful you
               | pointed this out. I had no idea I had been using it
               | wrong, probably most of my life. Thank you :-)
               | 
               | In looking more at the definition, I don't even know if
               | it makes sense in that sentence even if I did spell it
               | right lol.
        
         | apatters wrote:
         | You just don't engage with them, or engage selectively. If
         | someone wants to engage in bad faith, you politely end the
         | discussion, and introduce distance into the relationship.
         | You're not required to provide any explanation or attempt at
         | rehabilitation, but I find that most people aren't operating in
         | bad faith 100% of the time -- they have trigger topics which
         | are emotionally charged and will put them into that mode. So
         | you can first avoid those topics, and if they keep bringing
         | those topics up, eventually you avoid them.
         | 
         | None of this is a silver bullet fix for the overall problem
         | threatening society, but I doubt there is one, the only
         | solution is for enough people to figure this out and start
         | insisting on a better form of discourse in their own sphere of
         | influence.
         | 
         | The pollution of the public square in recent years has prompted
         | me to put more energy into actively managing my personal
         | network, where I can maintain standards. Participating in
         | social media is like fishing in a polluted river. You might
         | find a good fish, reel them in, and transfer them to your pond.
         | But usually you won't, and overall the ROI of this stuff is
         | pretty low. (In places where it has declined the most, like
         | Facebook, the platform's user engagement is declining too.)
        
         | mint2 wrote:
         | When someone posts completely wrong interpretations of events,
         | a world view totally opposite reality and incompatible with the
         | one you experience it's really hard to think someone can
         | actually be posting in good faith. And it's not a case of blue
         | dress gold dress sense type perception difference.
         | 
         | Yet there's a good chunk of people posting incompatible
         | realities, do you ever think that maybe it's not them living in
         | a mistaken reality but yours that are wrong. How does one test
         | ones own views to be certain?
         | 
         | Do they ever wonder the same thing? If they aren't posting in
         | bad faith then surely they must wonder the same about you or I.
         | How does one verify and test ones reality.
         | 
         | ( you, I and they are all used in the general sense)
        
           | rectang wrote:
           | Most often when I perceive people on "my own side" as
           | engaging in bad faith I sense they've made an "ends justify
           | the means" calculation. I sense that they feel like they are
           | deploying sketchy arguments in service of a greater truth.
           | 
           | I assume that it's the same for "the other side".
           | 
           | There are others who are truly at odds with reality (in fact
           | that's more common), but they don't have the same vibe.
        
           | ummwhat wrote:
           | Your going to hate my answer because it makes the problem
           | worse.
           | 
           | For about two weeks I was convinced my new roommate was a
           | hallucination and I'd finally snapped. There were a number of
           | uncanny cases where he knew the same incredibly obscure
           | trivia and references that I knew. Things like "trap remixes
           | of musicians that sold their soul". That's too specific to
           | write off as just similar interests by men in a similar
           | demographic. There were also a number of uncanny instances of
           | not knowing the same exact things I didn't know. I had never
           | seen him outside of the apartment. We had no mutual friends.
           | We were both in the same unusual living arrangement,
           | permanent temporaries at an Airbnb partially bartering code /
           | home automation work as barter for rent. At some point the
           | topic of eye color came up, and someone pointed out how all
           | of us in the room have green eyes, and how that is the least
           | common eye color and 3 of us is very statistically unlikely.
           | Eventually I had to ask myself which is more probable, there
           | really are two people with all these characteristics in
           | common that ended up at the same place by coincidence, or I'm
           | having a schizophrenic break and this is my delusion? My
           | possibly imaginary friend had mentioned that he lived in
           | Russia through the first grade and speaks Russian at a first
           | grade level. I do not speak Russian. So I ask him to teach me
           | some Russian grammar. He agrees but then changes the topic. I
           | ask him to teach me some Russian. He says sure but avoids the
           | question again. I ask him to teach me a bit of Russian. He
           | agrees and evades again. At this point I am having some very
           | serious doubts about my grip on reality.
           | 
           | Eventually we do meet other people from each other's circles.
           | After a while there's been enough mutual third parties
           | acknowledging both of us, that either a very large cast of
           | characters are my delusion or this man is real. I can never
           | actually prove one way or the other, but the scales are now
           | tipped towards real by all the people standing on them.
           | 
           | And so we get to the answer to your question. "Reality is
           | shared consensus." There's a shared consensus that my
           | roommate was real, and that consensus may as well be reality
           | because I can't distinguish it from the case where everyone
           | has the same delusion.
           | 
           | Of course reality isn't the shared consensus per se. Reality
           | is not subject to a referendum. However, shared consensus is
           | the multimeter we use to read reality. Where is the
           | difference between a 9 volt battery and "if I touch the
           | proved to the terminal it reads 9 volts"? There isn't one.
           | 
           | In your example, my definition of "reality is shared
           | consensus" becomes a big problem. If there are two groups
           | with their own consensus then those are two realities. You
           | are free to believe anything and everything is true right up
           | to the point of fatally erroneous belief. For things where
           | the consequences of being wrong are not so sure, there is
           | nothing forcing a consensus around "objective reality".
           | 
           | Niels Bohr allegedly had a horse shoe in his office. When
           | asked he said it was for good luck. One audacious visitor
           | asked "do you really believe that?" He replies "no, but they
           | say it works even if you don't believe in it." This was
           | cheeky of Bohr. Plenty of people don't believe in quantum
           | mechanics, but they say it works anyway. If someone truly
           | insists on believing magic horse shoe theory and rejecting
           | quantum mechanics, there is nothing that will force them to
           | acquiesce to our objectively correct answer.
        
           | pdonis wrote:
           | _> How does one verify and test ones reality._
           | 
           | The short answer is, you can't. At least not about anything
           | that you can't test for yourself by personal experience.
           | 
           | The longer answer is to ask why you _care_ about whatever
           | particular aspect of  "reality" you are thinking about
           | testing. What difference would it make to what you choose to
           | do, if reality were one way rather than another? If the
           | answer is that it would make _no_ difference, then the
           | correct thing to do is to _not care_ how reality is in that
           | respect. Have no opinion at all. (There 's an old engineer's
           | joke about running tests. Before you run a test, ask yourself
           | two questions: What will I do if the test passes? What will I
           | do if the test fails? If both answers are the same, don't
           | bother doing the test.)
           | 
           | The problem is that our minds did not evolve to be
           | comfortable with having no opinion about something. Our minds
           | evolved to seek answers, not to leave questions hanging. That
           | probably made sense in the hunter-gatherer environment in
           | which we originally evolved, but it doesn't make sense in our
           | world now. There are simply too many questions, too much
           | information, and too little time for anyone to check it all,
           | and there are no "trusted" sources of information we can turn
           | to to just tell us the answers. But it's very difficult to
           | accept having unanswered questions; our minds keep sending us
           | alarm signals even though we might have convinced ourselves
           | intellectually that we _should_ leave those questions
           | unanswered. So many people end up accepting _some_ answer
           | even if it 's wrong, and even if the answer makes no
           | difference to anything they actually do.
        
         | pdonis wrote:
         | _> What 's missing from this article is how to protect yourself
         | from bad faith actors._
         | 
         | I think that's because, at the level of society at large,
         | nobody knows how to do that. That's the unsolved problem the
         | article is describing.
         | 
         | At an individual level, you protect yourself from bad faith
         | actors by refusing to interact with them once you become
         | convinced that they're bad faith actors. But at the level of
         | society, many of the bad faith actors are in positions where
         | their actions have large scale consequences that will affect
         | you whether you like it or not. So the individual solution
         | doesn't work for that case.
        
         | johnfn wrote:
         | I think the key thing here is that the question is not about
         | changing a single person who acts in bad faith. Indeed that may
         | be impossible. How you act may not have any affect on the
         | specific person you're engaging with, but it will have a
         | (likely very small) affect on the community as a whole. Engage
         | in good faith towards all and others may slowly start to act
         | similarly. Engaged in bad faith and you may encourage others in
         | the community to act the same way.
         | 
         | Another important thing: you may identify 98% of bad faith
         | actors correctly, but that's still 2% of people acting in good
         | faith that you'll polarize against your cause.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | vlunkr wrote:
         | "Don't feed the trolls" was an important rule in old message
         | boards that seems to have been lost in modern social media.
        
           | krapp wrote:
           | The problem with "Don't feed the trolls" is that no matter
           | what you do, the trolls never stop eating.
           | 
           | The assumption that trolls are only motivated by a desire for
           | attention and that, if ignored, they will simply go away like
           | frustrated children in massively naive. Trolls are networked
           | and sponsored by states now. They're _weaponized._ They 'll
           | find your address and harass your family. They'll complain
           | about you to your employer. They'll send SWAT teams to your
           | door. And they know that the internet is designed in such a
           | way that as long as they keep spreading their nonsense
           | they'll win by default. A lie can travel around the world
           | twice before the truth laces up its boots, as whomever said.
           | 
           | That rule was fine when the internet was nothing but nerds
           | LARPing on USENET and there were no stakes to anything but
           | personal ego, but it isn't enough anymore. The internet is
           | real life now.
        
             | vlunkr wrote:
             | That's a very small minority of trolls. Most of them are
             | just regular immature and uninformed people who have been
             | taught by the internet to interact in bad faith.
        
           | sicromoft wrote:
           | So true. I assume it's because modern social media is
           | monetized so much more, so the incentive is to encourage any
           | and all engagement, including troll feeding.
        
       | incomingpain wrote:
       | >Decades of culture war have degraded civic discourse,
       | 
       | The culture wars or the neoliberalism stuff is over. It's
       | surprising how many still believe this is happening. Culture wars
       | ended 2009-2014 or so.
       | 
       | >Bad faith communication has become normalized.
       | 
       | Before social media we had newspapers and when tv news came along
       | they were extremely regulated. Bad faith was the standard. The
       | newspapers publish lie after lie and they got away with it for
       | decades if not centuries.
       | 
       | >When open communication cannot be used to resolve conflict and
       | coordinate behavior, societies are driven towards chaos, war,
       | oppression, and authoritarianism.
       | 
       | Everyone knows this, it is diplomacy/talking that ends wars. The
       | entities like Twitter who are censoring communication under false
       | pretense knows they are breaking this rule. They also understand
       | their objective and how this is their intention.
       | 
       | >There should be no illusion: today's culture war cannot be won
       | by any side.
       | 
       | The author needs the realization is that the culture war is over.
       | They need to analyze and discover who was the victor.
       | 
       | Let me show the battles:
       | 
       | Climate Change: would you say we are doing much of anything for
       | climate change? Even fake efforts like carbon taxes that dont do
       | anything?
       | 
       | Gamergate: would you say mandolorian boob armor was a problem?
       | 
       | BLM: Fundamentally police brutality and racism is a problem but
       | did BLM achieve anything? Are there any defunding police? Did the
       | democrats pass anything?
       | 
       | Comicsgate: Did red skull jordan peterson really work out?
       | 
       | LGBT: Dave Chapelle put an end to that one single handed. LGBT
       | can rejoice.
       | 
       | UBI/MMT: Just tried it in limited fashion. Nobody seriously
       | bringing this up anymore.
       | 
       | White fragility: Yep, white people are all racists. We totally
       | need to teach that to our children.
       | 
       | There's 1 side who won basically all of those in the end. When
       | you lose battle after battle during the culture war. You
       | eventually lose.
       | 
       | What happened is in their failure they became a religion. There
       | are now heresies and the heretics must burn. You must pay penance
       | for your sinning.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Canadian_church_burnings
       | 
       | None of those church fires ever got investigated by police.
       | 
       | https://abcnews.go.com/International/horrible-attack-catholi...
       | 
       | I have never seen the government arrest so many religious leaders
       | in my life. Our law in canada explicitly makes it illegal for
       | police to arrest clergyman.
       | 
       | "arrest of officiating clergyman" is a crime that police are
       | subject to, yet you can watch video on youtube of police breaking
       | this law.
       | 
       | None of this is surprising. It's a new religion, new religions
       | normally look to destroy their competitor religion.
        
       | jimkleiber wrote:
       | Edit: for those downvoting, I'm ok with you disagreeing or even
       | feeling annoyed or angry with what I said. I sincerely also wish
       | you would comment below so that I better understand what led to
       | you downvoting. Currently I'm not sure what I did to lead to that
       | and I'd like to know so that I might prevent it in the future.
       | 
       | Ooo, I feel really frustrated by the labeling of them as good or
       | bad faith communication. In their box explaining good faith
       | communication, they say that all those behaviors can be faked if
       | someone is engaging in bad faith communication, so it leaves me
       | wondering how does one actually know whether another or oneself
       | is using good faith communication? I think this harkens back to
       | the discussion on here the other day about always assume good
       | intentions. After reading this article, I almost left it feeling
       | more hopeless, as if it were saying most people communicate with
       | bad intention (bad faith) and by using good and bad as labels,
       | further ingrains the concept of binary good/evil, falling
       | somewhat into a "bad faith" aspect of black/white polarizing
       | categorization.
       | 
       | However, I feel grateful that they started this conversation and
       | overall address the challenge that we have in communicating to
       | resolve conflict. I personally believe they could simplify their
       | good/bad faith classification by focusing more on how open people
       | are communicating about what they're feeling and thinking and how
       | open people are to hearing/imagining how others are feeling and
       | thinking. I think underlying much of their distinction between
       | good/bad faith is an element of more open or more closed, and
       | that such language, especially with the more qualifier included,
       | may not carry such connotations of good/bad.
       | 
       | I feel very confident that one of the largest challenges we face
       | as a society is how to communicate more openly with each other--
       | to say how we feel and think--when anything we say can be shared
       | around the world, recorded, aggregated, etc.
       | 
       | Even after writing this, the idea of "good faith" vs "bad faith"
       | communication really irks me lol. I believe most of us
       | communicate out of how we are feeling based on the things that
       | have happened and are happening in our lives and we are trying
       | our best. In that way, I assume even the people acting in "bad
       | faith" are acting out of "good faith" and perhaps that's the main
       | issue I have with this. I have found assuming people to have good
       | faith even if they and others assume they have bad faith, can
       | drastically improve how I feel in conversations, relationships,
       | and resolving conflict.
        
         | pdonis wrote:
         | _> how does one actually know whether another or oneself is
         | using good faith communication?_
         | 
         | By what goal is to be achieved. That's how the article defines
         | the two categories. In a nutshell, good faith communication has
         | the goal of mutual understanding, whether it leads to
         | "agreement" or to the other person doing what you want or not.
         | Bad faith communication has the goal of getting the other
         | person to do what you want, by hook or by crook.
         | 
         |  _> After reading this article, I almost left it feeling more
         | hopeless, as if it were saying most people communicate with bad
         | intention (bad faith)_
         | 
         | I don't think that's true, nor do I think it was the intent of
         | the article. I think most people try to communicate with good
         | faith. But in the world now, with instant mass communication,
         | the small minority of people who do communicate in bad faith
         | can often dominate the communication process. I think one way
         | of looking at the question the article is asking is how that
         | can be fixed.
         | 
         |  _> I assume even the people acting in  "bad faith" are acting
         | out of "good faith"_
         | 
         | As above, it's a matter of the goal the person is trying to
         | achieve, not whether or not the person is sincere in their
         | goal. I think most people who communicate in bad faith are
         | perfectly sincere. They may even believe that they are doing
         | something good by getting other people to do things those other
         | people would not choose to do if they were communicated with in
         | good faith.
         | 
         | I do think, though, that the choice of "good faith" and "bad
         | faith" labels does have a reasonable basis: communicating with
         | people to get them to do what you want by hook or by crook, not
         | by convincing them through reasoned argument but just by
         | manipulating them in whatever way works, is not a good thing to
         | do. Even if you think you're doing it to achieve a good goal,
         | human history shows that we humans don't work that way: we
         | can't be trusted to use bad means to achieve good ends.
        
           | jimkleiber wrote:
           | > In a nutshell, good faith communication has the goal of
           | mutual understanding, whether it leads to "agreement" or to
           | the other person doing what you want or not. Bad faith
           | communication has the goal of getting the other person to do
           | what you want, by hook or by crook.
           | 
           | But who defines what the goal is? I guess I'm confused as if
           | this is more about a self-reflection question: "Am I trying
           | to come to mutual understanding with this person or trick
           | them into doing what I want?" Or is it about asking this of
           | others: "Are they trying to come to a mutual understanding or
           | trick me into getting what they want?" I think in conflict,
           | very very often we can assume we have good intentions and the
           | other has bad intentions. I'd argue that's one of the most
           | commom things I see in conflict: "I'm trying my best and they
           | don't care about me, they only care about themselves," said
           | by both sides.
           | 
           | > I don't think that's true, nor do I think it was the intent
           | of the article. I think most people try to communicate with
           | good faith.
           | 
           | I hear you and appreciate that. I may have got wrapped up in
           | the frustration I was feeling towards the categorization and
           | exaggerated how much they were assuming that, so thank you
           | for providing your perspective.
           | 
           | > But in the world now, with instant mass communication, the
           | small minority of people who do communicate in bad faith can
           | often dominate the communication process. I think one way of
           | looking at the question the article is asking is how that can
           | be fixed.
           | 
           | Ah, I guess what I took from the article was less that they
           | were asking a question and more they were giving an answer.
           | Maybe I misread the amount of certainty they had in
           | presenting of the solution or maybe I disagreed with the
           | certainty they had in describing what was the specific
           | problem.
           | 
           | As for how to resolve such things, I've often wondered if the
           | solution is for many of us to communicate more openly and
           | loudly. I remember watching a news report on a pharmaceutical
           | sales guy who I think sold painkillers and it seemed to me
           | that he was so focused on making a ton of money because he
           | was quite emotionally numb or lonely. I think so many of us
           | don't open up emotionally to others and start thinking others
           | are out to get us and don't care about us so we preemptively
           | try to get them and not care about them, further distancing
           | and closing ourselves off from them and even ourselves.
        
             | pdonis wrote:
             | _> who defines what the goal is?_
             | 
             | The person doing the communication. So if that's you, you
             | ask yourself the self-reflection question. If it's the
             | other person, you have to try to figure out what their goal
             | is in communicating with you: are they trying to achieve
             | mutual understanding, or are they trying to get you to do
             | what they want by hook or by crook?
             | 
             | Of course any actual conversation is two-way, so you need
             | to ask both questions.
        
               | jimkleiber wrote:
               | Ah ok, I think one of the hardest things I've worked on
               | is trying to defend/believe in my own good intentions. I
               | had an ex who somewhat insinuated I was manipulating her
               | and it almost broke me, because I started to believe it.
               | The next day, I reflected and came to the belief (not
               | answer) that if I can't defend my own good intentions,
               | who the heck would? And have been working on this since,
               | 7 or so years ago.
               | 
               | I guess I just think it's a really hard problem to
               | definitively know whether I or someone else has such
               | intentions and goals, so I often default to assuming that
               | even if their or my behavior appears to be trying to
               | manipulate, that underneath there may be something
               | wanting mutual understanding, or actually, connection. I
               | have seen so many conflicts resolve in my life when I
               | have the courage to go deep enough to foster that
               | connection. I got covid a few weeks ago and this woman
               | called me weak and a baby and other things...then I found
               | out a week later that she was struggling very hard with
               | her relationship and broke up with her long-term
               | boyfriend. So the name calling, which hurt and angered me
               | in the moment, later revealed itself as stemming from
               | deep pain she was feeling and maybe even the same
               | language she was using towards herself as she struggled
               | to make the decision.
               | 
               | So I just don't know how easy it is to figure out these
               | intentions.
        
               | pdonis wrote:
               | I've generally found that if someone accuses you of
               | manipulating them, they're projecting. (By which I mean
               | "projecting" in the sense in which psychologists use the
               | term: the person senses the presence of a quality they
               | don't like, but they don't want to admit to themselves
               | that it's coming from them, so they project it onto
               | someone else. In this case, your ex correctly sensed the
               | presence of manipulativeness because _she_ was actually
               | the one being manipulative, but she didn 't want to admit
               | to herself that the manipulativeness she sensed was
               | coming from her, so she projected it onto you.) So in the
               | case of your ex, I would say she was engaging in bad
               | faith communication (though possibly without consciously
               | being aware she was doing so).
               | 
               | In the case of the woman you describe, I don't think she
               | falls into either category we've been discussing. She was
               | just expressing her own pain. I don't think every single
               | human interaction has to fall within one of the two
               | categories we've been discussing ("good faith
               | communication" or "bad faith communication".)
        
               | jimkleiber wrote:
               | Oh I agree with the projecting and I appreciate how you
               | described it there, helped clarify it more for me.
               | 
               | > So in the case of your ex, I would say she was engaging
               | in bad faith communication (though possibly without
               | consciously being aware she was doing so).
               | 
               | I think it's mostly the label of "bad faith" that
               | frustrates me. I don't like the communication techniques
               | that she used, but I still question how it could be "bad
               | faith" if she doesn't believe she's acting in bad faith.
               | It's almost as if she believed I was communicating in bad
               | faith. So bad faith communication is assuming the other
               | is communicating in bad faith? I don't mean to run in
               | circles, I really just don't think labeling communication
               | as bad faith will help me resolve most conflicts.
        
               | pdonis wrote:
               | _> I think it 's mostly the label of "bad faith" that
               | frustrates me._
               | 
               | You can re-label it if you don't like the label. To me,
               | if a person is trying to manipulate you, the label "bad
               | faith" is not unjustified. But if that label doesn't work
               | for you, pick another one.
               | 
               |  _> I still question how it could be  "bad faith" if she
               | doesn't believe she's acting in bad faith._
               | 
               | Because people's intentions and beliefs are not the same
               | as their actions and the actual impact of those actions
               | on others. It _should_ be the case that if we have good
               | intentions, we take good actions and our actions have
               | good impact on others. But unfortunately it isn 't always
               | the case.
               | 
               | (Note also that I only said your ex "possibly" didn't
               | realize that she was being manipulative. It's also quite
               | possible that she did.)
        
               | jimkleiber wrote:
               | > _You can re-label it if you don 't like the label. To
               | me, if a person is trying to manipulate you, the label
               | "bad faith" is not unjustified. But if that label doesn't
               | work for you, pick another one._
               | 
               | Yes, I agree if the person is trying to manipulate you
               | then it'd make sense to label their intentions as bad
               | faith. I guess I choose to believe that people have good
               | intentions even underneath their bad intentions because I
               | feel more at ease and less afraid that way.
               | 
               | > _Because people 's intentions and beliefs are not the
               | same as their actions and the actual impact of those
               | actions on others. It should be the case that if we have
               | good intentions, we take good actions and our actions
               | have good impact on others. But unfortunately it isn't
               | always the case._
               | 
               | I agree with you that good intentions, or as I'd say,
               | intending to help someone, doesn't always equate to good
               | results, or doesn't mean the person won't feel harmed. I
               | think I get stuck on "bad faith" because from how I
               | understand the phrase, and how the American Heritage
               | Dictionary defines it[0], is "the malicious intention to
               | be dishonest or to violate the law, as in negotiations
               | over a contract." In other words, having bad intentions.
               | 
               | However, as I see the long article on Wikipedia, I'm just
               | realizing that many fields seem to define it differently,
               | from insurance law to Zen Buddhism, to feminism and
               | negotiation theory[1].
               | 
               | EDIT: This has me reflecting on why I'm engaging in this
               | thread. Am I trying to convince you and others that
               | labeling "bad faith" will likely be more harmful and less
               | effective in resolving conflict? If so, am I engaging in
               | "bad faith" communication because I'm trying to convince
               | you of my perspective and not fully understand your
               | perspective? I think I feel very confident in resolving
               | conflict and yet often slip back into such a mindset of
               | trying to "teach" people things, instead of just letting
               | them do what they want to do. In a way, this can be what
               | trips me up the most: I believe I have found ways to
               | communicate that can really help people in conflict, but
               | instead of using those skills with people, I can default
               | into teaching them those skills, even when they don't
               | necessarily want to be taught. With that in mind, I find
               | that some of these conversations on conflict resolution
               | technique frustrate me because it seems that we, the ones
               | who talk about them, often feel very confident in our
               | approaches and may try to convince the others to do it
               | the way that seems to work for us, even if the others
               | don't want to learn.
               | 
               | This thread has helped me realize how I want to get much
               | more intentional about explicitly asking people if they
               | want to learn how I approach conversations and conflict,
               | and creating environments where that consent is more
               | clear to everyone, and in the other spaces doing the
               | skills rather than talking about them.
               | 
               | Was this "bad faith" communication on my part? I think my
               | intention is good in wanting to help people feel more
               | confident in communicating in conflict and resolving it.
               | But perhaps the effect matters more and I still feel lost
               | on the approach they take in their article and maybe
               | that's OK. I keep trying to remind myself: more loving,
               | less saving. I think I have a tendency to jump in and
               | "save" people when they don't necessarily want to be
               | saved.
               | 
               | Anyways, I'm grateful that you went back and forth with
               | me on this and I feel excited to much more express how
               | I'm feeling and how I approach things and explicitly say
               | how it's OK if other people want to do it different ways.
               | 
               | [0]: http://www.wordnik.com/words/bad%20faith
               | 
               | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bad_faith
        
               | pdonis wrote:
               | _> Am I trying to convince you and others that labeling
               | "bad faith" will likely be more harmful and less
               | effective in resolving conflict?_
               | 
               | Possibly, but trying to convince other people by making
               | reasoned arguments is good faith communication, not bad
               | faith communication.
               | 
               |  _> If so, am I engaging in  "bad faith" communication
               | because I'm trying to convince you of my perspective and
               | not fully understand your perspective?_
               | 
               | Good faith communication doesn't require you to "fully
               | understand" the other person's perspective. Nor does it
               | preclude trying to convince the other person of your
               | perspective. See above.
        
       | slackfan wrote:
       | An article on bad faith communication, hilariously, displaying
       | some bad faith communication traits.
       | 
       | Its almost like communication is a complex subject and boiling it
       | down to a binary good/bad state is an utterly reductionist way of
       | thinking.
        
       | stephc_int13 wrote:
       | In my opinion, the main issues with bad faith versus good faith
       | communication is that the later is only used within what speakers
       | consider their tribe.
       | 
       | Tribalism (and thus trust) is the deeper issue, and is
       | unfortunately deeply rooted in human nature.
       | 
       | I think that the problems arising with tribalism can be seen as a
       | drawback to diversity.
        
       | Nowado wrote:
       | Article doesn't move us forward even an inch.
       | 
       | If the solution was providing people with a list of bad faith
       | tactics we would have been done with it at least twice by now:
       | first when Socrates was arguing with Sophists 2500 years ago and
       | another time when Schopenhauer wrote Eristic
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Art_of_Being_Right. And before
       | you think 'maybe someone doesn't know yet': yes, you are correct.
       | Someone doesn't know. We tried telling everyone before and just
       | trying harder doesn't seem to cut it.
       | 
       | What, I'd argue, would be at least a tiny step forward would be
       | thinking in terms of games people play, rewards they seek and
       | maybe even monetization of systems. Thinking of people who argue
       | in 'bad faith' as being mostly plain wrong is naive and somewhat
       | offensive. Talk to your PR department every now and then, some of
       | them are smart and know what they're doing. Same for Twitter
       | discourse and all else.
       | 
       | Telling people (or yourself) to make better communities ignores
       | costs involved in managing that community. Can you afford
       | onboarding of even telling people that cute list of bad faith
       | tactics? Can you do it faster than a place that doesn't do it?
       | Can you achieve retention higher than love bombarding
       | communities?
       | 
       | No. No, you can't.
       | 
       | Not with current tooling at least. Not to push own
       | products/services (today!), here are some angles that seem
       | achievably hard, yet somewhat underdeveloped: good faith
       | arguments are more time expensive - it can be cut into
       | pieces/redesigned to give them more chance; both wrong and
       | correct ways of thinking about specific problems are actually
       | very limited in numbers - maintaining searchable database of them
       | to reuse should dramatically speed up 'getting through'; false
       | positives in ostracism are unnoticed - layered moderation that
       | provides feedback on initial misjudgment can noticeably improve
       | the space: not so much retention (that numbers would be small),
       | but limit echo chamber by avoiding rituals of cancellation -
       | without increasing costs as much as having 'full conversation'
       | with everyone before banning would.
        
         | ChadNauseam wrote:
         | > What, I'd argue, would be at least a tiny step forward would
         | be thinking in terms of games people play, rewards they seek
         | 
         | Definitely. One thing that I think is unappreciated is the
         | extent to which we see "preference falsification". This is a
         | game people play where they pretend to have different
         | preferences to better fit in with their in-group.
         | 
         | It's common for preference falsification to be manufactured
         | intentionally - I think Robin Hanson formalized it with the
         | idea of a "meta-norm", a norm that not says: you must ostracize
         | people who do <bad thing x> AND you must ostracize people who
         | don't follow this rule. I think when people complain about
         | "cancel culture", this is the real thing they're unhappy about,
         | they just lack the vocabulary to articulate it. The sneaky
         | thing about the meta-norm is that it's self-reinforcing. Once
         | enough people follow the meta-norm, following the meta-norm
         | becomes a stable equilibrium where no individual person gains
         | from not following it.
         | 
         | From Scott Alexander:
         | 
         | > Imagine a country with two rules: first, every person must
         | spend eight hours a day giving themselves strong electric
         | shocks. Second, if anyone fails to follow a rule (including
         | this one), or speaks out against it, or fails to enforce it,
         | all citizens must unite to kill that person. Suppose these
         | rules were well-enough established by tradition that everyone
         | expected them to be enforced.
         | 
         | > So you shock yourself for eight hours a day, because you know
         | if you don't everyone else will kill you, because if they
         | don't, everyone else will kill them, and so on. Every single
         | citizen hates the system, but for lack of a good coordination
         | mechanism it endures.
         | 
         | The subtlety of this is that you might genuinely believe that
         | everyone supports the electric shocks, because you'll never
         | hear anyone speaking out against it, even though everyone hates
         | it.
         | 
         | I think this dynamic is so powerful that it's almost innate. I
         | remember once when a friend of a friend cheated on her
         | boyfriend regularly. I obviously thought negatively of the
         | cheater and didn't want to be around her, but I also thought
         | negatively of my friend for continuing to be around the
         | cheater. The instinct is that punishing cheaters by social
         | ostracism is socially useful, so we should also punish people
         | who fail to ostracize cheaters by ostracising _them_ , and so
         | on. This can be good like in the case of punishing cheaters,
         | but the problem is that it could work for any social norm even
         | if 100% of people disagreed with it.
         | 
         | I think this is a real and powerful social dynamic that leads
         | to a huge amount of people having no choice but to act in bad
         | faith. If this is a real social dynamic, how can it be
         | neutralized? One approach I think is promising is to use local
         | opinion polls, only structured as opinion _elections_. If
         | everyone could vote anonymously, I 'm sure they would say "I'm
         | not such a fan of these electric shocks" (and the anonymity
         | protects them from the fear of socially-enforced retaliation).
         | Once it becomes common knowledge that almost nobody around you
         | likes the electric shocks, it's much easier to coordinate
         | "let's stop punishing people for not shocking themselves".
         | Electric shocks are just an example, you could use this for any
         | hot-button political issue. For example, in the US's antebellum
         | South I'm sure there was immense social pressure to be pro-
         | slavery, but opinion elections might have helped pro-abolition
         | people understand if they were even in the minority (and if so,
         | by how much).
         | 
         | This is just one mechanism I think might be workable, but I'm
         | sure if we sat down and thought about it we could come up with
         | many others, like reputation systems for those who make
         | accurate predictions for the future, debates where people have
         | an incentive to call-out their counterparty's selective
         | reporting of the facts, etc.
        
           | jetbooster wrote:
           | And this is muddled even further by effective propoganda.
           | 
           | Say a research article came out, claiming the health benefits
           | of the electric shocks, or even some vague "think of the
           | children" style "children become violent and dangerous when
           | not shocked". It is parroted by all the news organisations
           | you'd expect.
           | 
           | Even if any casual scrutiny debunks the article, I believe a
           | worryingly high percentage of the population would believe
           | it, because they _want_ to believe it, because it means they
           | don't have to worry about the shocks. They've justified the
           | shocks to themselves, so they become less painful. Accepting
           | that they are useless or cruel after this would require them
           | to accept that they were doing something harmful for no
           | reason, and people are generally very resistant to being told
           | they were wrong, especially if they have any stake in the
           | status quo.
           | 
           | So now you have people who _genuinely_ believe in the shocks,
           | even though they got there through being deceived. Then all
           | it takes is a bit of villifying of those who even suggest
           | that there might be another way (They want to hurt our
           | children) and the system becomes self-sustaining.
        
           | flanket wrote:
           | I'm not making a value judgement, but I thought that the
           | parallels with your last suggestion, and the 'blind cancel'
           | idea in this: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30906621
           | were kind of interesting. I don't know what that means, I'm
           | mostly just free associating
        
       | pmoriarty wrote:
       | What's the difference between "bad faith communication" and just
       | plain old trolling?
        
         | airforce1 wrote:
         | Trolling is absolutely a form of bad faith communication.
         | However, you needn't look far on twitter to find that trolls
         | are pretty high hanging fruit compared to ideological flamewars
         | perpetuated by non-trolls fighting to score points for their
         | respective ideological teams.
        
           | pmoriarty wrote:
           | Upon further reflection, I realize that there are many "true
           | believers" of one sort or another who aren't trolling but
           | whose minds are completely closed and aren't looking for good
           | faith dialogue but to proselytize their belief or attack
           | those of their opponents.
        
         | JanneVee wrote:
         | Because "bad faith communication" is about the talking head on
         | the TV sowing doubt in your mind on complex issues. It is oil
         | company shills telling you that climate change is not man made
         | and it is Malthusian environmental activist that it is
         | impossible to get safe and carbonfree energy from nuclear.
         | Neither of these are communicating with you in good faith
         | because they have an agenda.
        
         | Terr_ wrote:
         | "Plain old trolling" in the traditional sense (e.g. back with
         | newsgroups) is seeking to provoke an emotional reaction, but
         | without regard to the truth of falsity of the statement, and
         | not necessarily with any grander agenda.
         | 
         | It was only later that it came to be (mis?)applied toward
         | organized disinformation campaigns.
        
         | l0b0 wrote:
         | Trolling often involves bad faith communication, but bad faith
         | communication isn't necessarily trolling. Consider politicians,
         | salespeople, and advertisers who are willing to convince by any
         | means possible.
        
       | asxd wrote:
       | I thoroughly enjoyed this article, it was a bit of a breath of
       | fresh air.
       | 
       | Some quotes that resonated:
       | 
       | > _There should be no illusion: today's culture war cannot be won
       | by any side._
       | 
       | > _Good faith communication is both a complex skill and a value
       | commitment that shapes personal identity. In other words: doing
       | it is sufficiently difficult that getting good at it will change
       | the kind of person that you are._
       | 
       | > _Delicately transforming a situation of escalating bad faith
       | requires the slow establishment of previously unrecognized shared
       | interests, often on issues as basic as self-preservation. The
       | goal in most cases is not agreement--that would be naive--the
       | goal is simply to preserve the possibility of communication
       | itself._
       | 
       | Also learned the term "steelmanning," which seems to be pretty
       | much identical to the hacker news guideline:
       | 
       | > _Please respond to the strongest plausible interpretation of
       | what someone says, not a weaker one that 's easier to criticize.
       | Assume good faith._
       | 
       | This essay also does a good job of explaining the concept:
       | https://mypeculiarblog.com/2021/11/07/what-is-steelmanning/
        
       | vintermann wrote:
       | > Both ends of the political spectrum (the far left and the far
       | right) express this view.
       | 
       | I'd strike this phrase, because it's far from clear what the "far
       | left" is. Is it wealthy Silicon Valley liberals with radical
       | ideas about gender? Or is it for instance the trotskyist World
       | Socialist Web Site, which buy Russian false flag conspiracy
       | claims but are free speech absolutists? And "far right", are we
       | talking about Ayn Rand fans, neo-traditionalist catholic
       | populists like JD Vance etc, or neonazi militias?
       | 
       | Last of all, is the political center necessarily more honest or
       | devoted to good faith public debate? Not that I can see. Their
       | strategies can be different, since they can get away with just
       | never acknowledging disagreement, which makes little sense for
       | small fringes, but there's nothing inherently honest or good-
       | willed about centrism.
        
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