[HN Gopher] San Francisco cops pull over a Cruise driverless car...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       San Francisco cops pull over a Cruise driverless car for no lights
       on
        
       Author : bmitc
       Score  : 295 points
       Date   : 2022-04-11 07:48 UTC (15 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.theverge.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.theverge.com)
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | Cruise Automation has a terrible video for first responders.[1]
       | The dialog sounds like it was written by lawyers.
       | 
       | Summary:
       | 
       | - Vehicles recognize lights and sirens and will pull over.
       | 
       | - Call Cruise's control center at 888-662-7103 in case of trouble
       | with a vehicle. The control center needs the name of the vehicle,
       | which is painted on the car in 3 places. Or at least the
       | location.
       | 
       | - Chocking and blocking the wheels, as firefighters routinely do,
       | is safe.
       | 
       | - Other emergency procedures are the same as for a regular Chevy
       | Bolt.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZM3kfauMgZY
        
       | gtirloni wrote:
       | Imagine if every failure in a traditional car became news.
        
         | datadata wrote:
         | I feel this will happen at the end of the adoption curve,
         | should we reach it. Media will begin to shame legacy drivers
         | and accidents will become newsworthy curiosities. Sort of like
         | the last known cases of a pathogen that becomes eradicated.
        
         | martopix wrote:
         | The news here isn't the headlights failure.
        
         | bo1024 wrote:
         | It's the first real autonomous testbed, and the same software
         | presumably drives all their cars (up to A/B tests). Unlike in
         | traditional hardware, the cause of these errors is very opaque
         | and difficult to understand (at least for us and possibly the
         | company as well). That makes it plausible that equally
         | dangerous and simple errors still exist.
         | 
         | Imagine if a traditional company had just released a new car
         | model and someone was driving it and the front right wheel just
         | fell off the car. It would be news because it indicates that
         | something very basic was misunderstood by the designers and
         | engineers. You probably wouldn't want to get in such a car. Now
         | imagine the general reaction is "cars are complex systems, the
         | other three wheels actually did quite well, we fully expect to
         | update the design to keep the front right wheel on in the
         | future."
        
         | qayxc wrote:
         | This is relevant, though. There are traffic laws and
         | regulations in place for human drivers and this incident poses
         | a conundrum: how are minor transgressions handled with
         | autonomous vehicles?
         | 
         | Who gets fined? The owner? The manufacturer? Do the rules not
         | apply to machines or to a lesser degree and if so, why?
         | 
         | Lots of interesting legal questions that are much more relevant
         | in practise than hypothetical (and IMHO completely misguided)
         | trolly-problem related ethical discussions.
        
           | Ekaros wrote:
           | I think it is reasonable that the owner or operating entity
           | gets the fine. Then they can sue the manufacturer or service
           | provider for any issues.
        
             | zip1234 wrote:
             | I would venture that manufacturers should prevent drivers
             | from breaking the law when possible. For example,
             | autonomous cars rolling stops and speeding should not be
             | possible.
        
       | jwr wrote:
       | I am really worried by the fact that _I_ am the unwilling tester
       | in the Great Driverless Car Experiment.
       | 
       | Tradition has it that when you load-test a new bridge, you put
       | the architect underneath. I feel like this, except I didn't
       | design those driverless cars, somebody else did. Being an
       | experienced software engineer, my trust in the software in these
       | cars is pretty low. And yet they are testing them on me, because
       | _I_ can be the one getting killed.
       | 
       | I think we should set a much higher bar for allowing those cars
       | on the streets, rather than "it kinda works, so let's roll with
       | it".
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | kylecordes wrote:
         | Maybe now is the time to start raising the bar on human and
         | upcoming automated drivers.
         | 
         | Both could have to pass a driving test that includes
         | challenging, difficult situations. Day, night, rain, snow, fog,
         | heavy traffic, missing lane lines, simulated pedestrians
         | (including small children) leaping out between parked cars, and
         | more.
         | 
         | For further difficulty, both kinds of drivers could have to
         | pass this within a x% margin of the fastest safe speed at which
         | the maneuvers can be completed; no cheating by slowing down to
         | traffic-disrupting speeds.
        
           | akira2501 wrote:
           | There's not a lot of evidence to suggest this would have a
           | major impact.
           | 
           | The majority of fatal crashes involve drugs and alcohol and
           | not people with "untested skills in challenging situations."
           | 
           | Pedestrians and motorcyclists account for a little less than
           | 1/3 of all fatalities.
           | 
           | Young men are 8x more likely to die in a car accident than
           | their female counterparts.
           | 
           | This "user-hostile" mode of thinking about driving serves no
           | one.
        
           | beambot wrote:
           | I suspect that a challenging driver assessment between AVs
           | and humans would be the most rapid driver of AVs possible...
           | Just remember: Most drivers think they're above average.
           | 
           | Curiously, autonomous car technology also makes it feasible
           | for us to rate drivers -- it's like having a professional
           | watching over your shoulder all the time. IIRC, Tesla used
           | something similar to determine rollout of new FSD
           | capabilities.
        
           | nullc wrote:
           | The reason to hold humans and self driving cars to a
           | different standard is that humans have already "class
           | qualified" under ... well ... every condition that we drive
           | in... with on the order of a billion driving years of total
           | experience to the limitations of human-driving and far in
           | excess of 10 million years of additional driving added per
           | year along with a considerable amount of study across many
           | decades.
           | 
           | Though there are systematic flaws in human drivers they're
           | reasonably well known given the level of experience we have,
           | there are many mitigations in place in both our cars and road
           | designs, and many of these flaws are intuitively modeled by
           | the other humans on the road as well as pedestrians allowing
           | for real-time compensation.
           | 
           | The driverless cars, on the other hand-- we have _radically_
           | less experience with as a class and there are many reasons to
           | believe that vendor to vendor (e.g. due to sensor modalities)
           | or even version to version will behave less self-consistently
           | than human drivers do as a class. We know of some systematic
           | faults in their operation which cause them to behave in ways
           | that are highly surprising to humans, and we should expect to
           | find many more as we gain experience.
           | 
           | To the extent that the properties of self driving cars have
           | been formally studied at all it's been primarily by their
           | creators which are obviously self interested. Some of the
           | practices used in early supervised self-driving also actively
           | undermined understanding their safety (e.g. executing a hand
           | over to the human once the car was already in an
           | nonrecoverable unsafe state and then attributing the accident
           | to human driving since at the time of the collision the human
           | was back in charge, but maybe only by a hundred milliseconds;
           | or companies committing perjury to use the DMCA to force down
           | unfavorable videos created by others)
           | 
           | This isn't an argument that we might not benefit from more
           | rigorous driver testing or even from testing ideas that
           | originated from self-driving car testing... but parity
           | between driverless car tests and human testing shouldn't be a
           | goal, particularly not when so many orders of magnitude
           | separate our human driving experience from driverless
           | experience.
        
         | Taylor_OD wrote:
         | The driverless car is already safer than the other people you
         | share the road with everyday.
        
           | nullc wrote:
           | We can't make safe driverless cars if people frequently make
           | false claims about their current safety.
        
             | Taylor_OD wrote:
             | We will never have driverless cars if we hold them to a
             | standard that is unobtainable while continuing to let
             | regular drivers cause accidents and deaths on a daily
             | basis.
        
         | stonkdonk wrote:
         | plus the "beta" testers treat it like some kind of fun game.
         | they're like "whoops, almost swerved into traffic. whoops,
         | almost ran into a pedestrian crossing the street."
        
         | LocalPCGuy wrote:
         | Personally, any % above "average human driving skill" reliably
         | should start to see more uptake of this new technology.
         | Driverless cars have and will kill people. Sometimes it will be
         | due to programming errors. But on the whole, they are, in many
         | cases, on par or better than human drivers. I think it's good
         | to be cautious, for the industry to be cautious. But I don't
         | want to see people freaking out over a single accident because
         | it involved an AI when there are thousands of non-AI accidents
         | every day. Be consistent in judging them, not against some
         | mythical 100% success rate but against the criteria, is it
         | better/safer than most drivers.
        
         | carapace wrote:
         | This.
         | 
         | These robots are massive and fast, they are killers. Yet as
         | long as they look like cars we let them run loose on public
         | streets. It's kinda nuts. (Arguably car traffic as it's set up
         | now is kinds nuts too, but that's a different argument.)
         | 
         | The obvious thing to do is start with something like a golf
         | cart that is limited to, say, 5mph top speed, and work your way
         | up.
        
           | WindyCityBrew wrote:
           | Lol.
           | 
           | Drunk drivers are killers. People that text and drive are
           | killers. People that get kicked by their kid and turn around
           | for a second to yell at them are killers.
           | 
           | I'll take an unfatigable, indistractable, computer that
           | literally has eyes in the back of its head, and on the side
           | of its head, and the front, and can bounce radar under cars,
           | etc over the pitiful example of a "safe (human) driver" we
           | have now.
        
             | JaimeThompson wrote:
             | >unfatigable, indistractable
             | 
             | memory leaks, priority inversions, dropped packets / data.
             | Lots of ways systems can act strangely.
        
           | nullc wrote:
           | Great observation.
           | 
           | When the device is a giant robot arm or a laser cutter, there
           | are huge amounts of regulation-- you may have to get
           | permission from your municipality to operate it even within
           | the confines of your own facility.
           | 
           | Make it look like a car, however, ...
           | 
           | Cars and roads _are_ kind of nuts, but they 're established
           | lunacy at least.
        
         | chasd00 wrote:
         | > I am really worried by the fact that I am the unwilling
         | tester..
         | 
         | stay inside in front of FANNG. You'll be safe there ( yet still
         | an unwilling tester ).
        
         | snikeris wrote:
         | This is one of the problems with technology that Ted Kaczynski
         | wrote about. You can't opt out.
         | 
         | > Even the walker's freedom is now greatly restricted. In the
         | city he continually has to stop to wait for traffic lights that
         | are designed mainly to serve auto traffic. In the country,
         | motor traffic makes it dangerous and unpleasant to walk along
         | the highway. (Note this important point that we have just
         | illustrated with the case of motorized transport: When a new
         | item of technology is introduced as an option that an
         | individual can accept or not as he chooses, it does not
         | necessarily REMAIN optional. In many cases the new technology
         | changes society in such a way that people eventually find
         | themselves FORCED to use it.)
         | 
         | Your problem is the same as the walker's. The walker has opted
         | out of the automobile, but still has to breathe its pollution
         | and risk being hit by it.
        
           | jonny_eh wrote:
           | We're quoting the Unabomber now? Certainly you can choose
           | good quotes from non-serial killers.
        
             | nsv wrote:
             | This is an example of "ad hominem", a logical fallacy where
             | you attack a person's character or attributes rather than
             | the point being made.
        
             | s1artibartfast wrote:
             | Why not? It is a good and relevant point.
        
               | asveikau wrote:
               | As someone who likes to walk in an urban environment, I'd
               | say it's not good and relevant. It's rather detached from
               | the actual experience of the urban walker.
               | 
               | There's simple road design concepts that mitigate danger,
               | as well.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | The point is simply that that one person's choice can
               | have impact on others. This is pretty basic and true if
               | you like like urban walking or not.
        
               | asveikau wrote:
               | No, i think this was just part of the author's delusional
               | narrative that technological adoption is a form of
               | violence.
               | 
               | If it is not actually that, and if there are safety
               | measures that can be taken, he doesn't care.
               | 
               | I'm not a pro car person actually. And that's the vibe
               | I'm getting from Kaczynski in this instance. Words of an
               | out of touch person.
        
               | jonny_eh wrote:
               | Because it justifies their actions. Would we be quoting
               | him if he didn't murder innocent people?
        
               | colinmhayes wrote:
               | I don't think his murders invalidate his manifesto.
               | Luditeism has been very popular since the industrial
               | revolution, I think it's reasonably likely we would be
               | talking about Industrial Society and its Future or
               | something similar if he hadn't killed people.
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | _Absolutely_ his murders invalidate his manifesto. The
               | ideas that he expressed in the manifesto are the same
               | ideas that moved him to murder people. His opposition to
               | technology is why he was bombing computer stores and the
               | University of Utah Engineering Building.
               | 
               | This is why saying "but he's a murderer" isn't an ad
               | hominem. His murders are the working-out of his ideas;
               | his ideas are worth rejecting just on that basis.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | That doesn't mean they are wrong in part or in whole.
               | 
               | >His murders are the working-out of his ideas; his ideas
               | are worth rejecting just on that basis.
               | 
               | This is simply saying "if he is right, I would rather be
               | wrong". It also completely ignores that arguments can be
               | valid in part, but not in combination.
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | Most of us consider murder to be self-evidently wrong.
               | The intersection of "right, and causing murder" is very
               | close to empty for most definitions of "right".
               | 
               | Your question makes me wonder what _your_ definition of
               | "right" is.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | Murder is typically defined as unjustifiable or wrong, so
               | you would expect the set to be empty.
               | 
               | Replace "murder" with 'killing" and most people will have
               | the opposite reaction.
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | >>>> I don't think his murders invalidate his manifesto.
               | 
               | - colinmhayes (the original post I responded to).
               | 
               | And, for your point to be relevant to this discussion,
               | you would have to claim that what the Unabomber did was
               | "killing" rather than "murder". If you claim that, I'd
               | like to see your definitions and where you think the line
               | between killing and murder is.
               | 
               | And if that isn't your claim, it looks like you're just
               | arguing in order to argue.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | I have no interest in defending the actions of the
               | Unabomber.
               | 
               | I did feel that you were using that tautology of murder
               | to ignore my actual point.
               | 
               | >You: His murders are the working-out of his ideas; his
               | ideas are worth rejecting just on that basis.
               | 
               | >Me: That doesn't mean they are wrong in part or in
               | whole.
               | 
               | If the unabomber said as part of the manifesto that the
               | sky is blue, would you now reject that the sky is blue?
               | 
               | There is nothing about murder that invalidates the logic,
               | truth, or accuracy of an argument, and especially not the
               | individual components of an argument.
               | 
               | It is fine and fair if you don't personally want to learn
               | or engage with an argument that has lead to violence. But
               | that does not mean that it is internally inconsistent, or
               | devoid of accurate observations about the world (e.g. new
               | technologies can impose externalities on the unwilling).
        
               | asveikau wrote:
               | I think he ultimately suffered mental illness, and it is
               | reflected in both the fact that he murdered and the ideas
               | in his manifesto. It's hard to separate them.
               | 
               | There may be similar ideas expressed by those who don't
               | share his pathology, but his version of it is extreme and
               | fringe.
        
               | jonny_eh wrote:
               | > I don't think his murders invalidate his manifesto
               | 
               | That's not my point though, my point is that quoting his
               | manifesto validates his violence. If his ideas are valid,
               | there should be other sources to quote/promote.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | >If his ideas are valid, there should be other sources to
               | quote/promote.
               | 
               | Why is that so sure? Do you have an equivalent quote to
               | substitute?
        
             | dogman144 wrote:
             | Fwiw, at the time and after, there were quite a few
             | conferences and analysis of his manifesto.
        
             | twofornone wrote:
             | The fact that someone did something terrible does not imply
             | that everything they ever said or did was wrong. That's
             | dangerous thinking. The Unabomber's short manifesto makes a
             | number of salient points about the negative interplay
             | between technology and the human condition, and offers a
             | neat potential explanation for why so many people are
             | unhappy despite being surrounded by modern conveniences.
        
         | jklinger410 wrote:
         | > I am really worried by the fact that I am the unwilling
         | tester in the Great Driverless Car Experiment.
         | 
         | Welcome to America, where you are an unwitting tester of many
         | private ventures that have been signed off on by the American
         | government on your behalf.
         | 
         | Remember that complaining about these tests and demanding more
         | control means that you are communist. Unless of course you
         | don't mind waiting around to be harmed by such tests, and are
         | either able to sue, or told that you had no reasonable
         | expectation of safety.
        
         | carabiner wrote:
         | You didn't design the aircraft that you fly on, which are
         | incredibly computerized. Also the drugs that your doctor
         | prescribes. Etc.
         | 
         | You put your faith in myriad bureaucracies and trust networks
         | that you have no hope of understanding. Driverless cars are
         | just one more added to the list.
        
           | xyzzy21 wrote:
           | Except safety has only ever been improved for either aircraft
           | or drugs by people dying from exactly this kind of failure.
           | 
           | Apparently there is ZERO learning or forethought about risks
           | that can be anticipated or suggested from other technologies!
        
           | akhmatova wrote:
           | _Driverless cars are just one more added to the list_
           | 
           | It's a qualitatively different change than any of the above
           | (driven by a messianic view that AI is here and now and about
           | to change everything), plus an instance of the
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiling_frog
           | 
           | apologue.
        
           | Veserv wrote:
           | The difference is that airplane software standards are by far
           | the most rigorous in the world and so rigorous that most
           | software developers are shocked at the level of rigor
           | employed where as driverless cars have exactly _zero_
           | software standards with respect to their safety or fitness
           | for purpose. Comparing the processes in play is a
           | outrageously fundamental category error; the systems have
           | standards that are like 6 orders of magnitude apart.
           | 
           | As a example, just look at the 737 MAX, a airplane viewed as
           | a literal deathtrap and a complete indictment of airplane
           | software development, which had _2_ crashes in 400,000
           | flights. At a average flight distance of ~500 miles, the 737
           | MAX, a airplane literally multiple orders of magnitude worse
           | than any other and a complete failure of the approval
           | process, only resulted in 1 fatality per 100 million person-
           | miles. That is safer than the driving average of 1.1
           | fatalities per 100 million person-miles. What is viewed as by
           | far the most atrocious outcome in the airplane sector, a
           | system literally hundreds or thousands of times more
           | dangerous than the average, is above average in the car
           | sector; that is how far the gap is.
           | 
           | And this is ignoring driverless car software which is being
           | developed to even lower standards than regular car software
           | and which has no actual independent quality requirements. In
           | contrast, far more lives are at risk with respect to
           | driverless cars, so they should be developed to standards
           | probably around 1000x better than airplane software which
           | puts them around 0.0001% of the way there to a acceptable
           | level of quality even if the software was already as reliable
           | as regular car software.
        
             | bsder wrote:
             | > The difference is that airplane software standards are by
             | far the most rigorous in the world and so rigorous that
             | most software developers are shocked at the level of rigor
             | employed
             | 
             |  _Now_ they are. This regulations are a result of several
             | tragedies culminating in a big disaster:
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Airlines_Flight_191
        
             | jklinger410 wrote:
             | > The difference is that airplane software standards are by
             | far the most rigorous in the world and so rigorous that
             | most software developers are shocked at the level of rigor
             | employed...
             | 
             | You mean the standards set by the FAA, which regularly
             | defers to the private industry to regulate itself, due to
             | complexity that it can't afford to keep up with? Those
             | standards?
        
               | Veserv wrote:
               | Yes, those standards that produced a safety regime of 20
               | years of flights without software being even implicated
               | in a single fatality. Literally trillions if not
               | quadrillions of passenger-miles per software-related
               | fatality. Those same standards which result in a system
               | like the 737 MAX rightfully being excoriated for only
               | being 10% _safer_ than driving and resulted in successful
               | demands for grounding of the entire fleet.
               | 
               | As you note, unfortunately the standards as employed in
               | practice have recently regressed dramatically to allow a
               | system as unsafe as the 737 MAX to fly. So it seems only
               | prudent to go back to the historical, far more rigorous,
               | process which did result in the amazing historical safety
               | regime. And, since self driving cars are a even harder
               | and more dangerous technology with far more downside
               | risk, they should use a standard even more rigorous than
               | the historical airplane standards which are still by far
               | better, from a safety perspective, than any other
               | consistently applied software process, such as cars, by
               | multiple orders of magnitude.
        
               | jklinger410 wrote:
               | > Literally trillions if not quadrillions of passenger-
               | miles per software-related fatality.
               | 
               | So these were all miles where people were unwilling
               | testers as well. The difference being airplane auto-pilot
               | is primarily focused on keeping the plane in the air, not
               | dodging pedestrians. I think it does a lot of warnings
               | for the pilots as well, but I'm not in the industry.
               | 
               | It's really comparing apples to oranges, isn't it?
               | 
               | > since self driving cars are a even harder and more
               | dangerous technology with far more downside risk, they
               | should use a standard even more rigorous than the
               | historical airplane standards
               | 
               | So this is on The United States Department of
               | Transportation to be far more involved in regulating the
               | software that governs self driving. But the question is,
               | was the FAA as relaxed in governing the aerospace
               | industry 60 some odd years ago as USDT is now, and did
               | they just get lucky that flying planes is actually easier
               | than driving cars? Or is there actually some negligence
               | involved?
        
               | olyjohn wrote:
               | Flying is still the safest way to travel. So I'm not sure
               | what you're complaining about with the FAA.
        
               | nitwit005 wrote:
               | The crashes revealed the FAA wasn't doing the job people
               | thought they were. We achieved safety in this case by
               | grounding all of the planes after crashes, which is
               | hardly the ideal method.
        
               | mostertoaster wrote:
               | Yeah this is how most standards go. I use to work on
               | medical devices, and the safety requirements for them
               | were developed by my company and the other big players in
               | the industry, and those became the FDA standards.
               | 
               | The FDA just wants there to be standards, and the
               | companies have a vested interest in making sure those
               | standards ensure safe medical devices.
        
               | lcnPylGDnU4H9OF wrote:
               | I'm lost by your comment.
               | 
               | It seems that you're trying to suggest either 1) that the
               | standards as mentioned necessarily aren't True Standards
               | - as a blanket statement - because they're set by the
               | industry or 2) that these standards aren't True Standards
               | - specific to this particular discussion - because there
               | is no reason to think they're necessarily more rigorous
               | than the standards for driverless car software. If you're
               | trying to suggest something else, please understand that
               | it is unclear.
               | 
               | I'm all for a dissenting opinion, but when it is not
               | presented in an understandable way the discussion becomes
               | hard to follow.
               | 
               | (I don't mean to suggest that the argument is wrong when
               | I call out the True Scotsman vibes; just that it is the
               | argument I see.)
        
               | jklinger410 wrote:
               | What is the legal/regulatory difference between the
               | aerospace industry regulating itself vs the auto industry
               | regulating itself in regards to self driving? Besides the
               | obvious that the aerospace industry has a head start.
        
               | lcnPylGDnU4H9OF wrote:
               | I believe I understand your point better.
               | 
               | From the person you're responding to:
               | 
               | > Yes, those standards that produced a safety regime of
               | 20 years of flights without software being even
               | implicated in a single fatality. ...
               | 
               | > As you note, unfortunately the standards as employed in
               | practice have recently regressed dramatically to allow a
               | system as unsafe as the 737 MAX to fly. ...
               | 
               | Your point, if I'm not mistaken, being that the FAA has
               | clearly allowed for less stringent regulations in recent
               | years. (Please correct me if I'm wrong. You can ask
               | questions but it does not seem that they lead so
               | immediately to the answers you expect.)
               | 
               | That being said, please consider that I am genuinely
               | trying to understand you:
               | 
               | > I'm all for a dissenting opinion, but when it is not
               | presented in an understandable way the discussion becomes
               | hard to follow.
        
           | slg wrote:
           | Furthermore, at this stage the driverless cars are unlikely
           | to be creating demand. These are replacing human drivers.
           | Most of us have no hand in verifying the safety of other
           | drivers on the road. I happen to believe it is bonkers that
           | we generally test drivers once at the age of 16 and somehow
           | that earns a person driving privileges for at least 50 years
           | before being retested if not their entire life.
        
             | kylecordes wrote:
             | Imagine if cars were invented today. The bar would be much
             | higher, probably halfway to how pilot licensing works.
             | 
             | (Of course this had some substantial downsides.)
        
               | njarboe wrote:
               | If cars were invented today, they would be too dangerous
               | to be allowed to exist. Almost nothing has been invented
               | since 1970 that can cause any harm. Safety first and all
               | that.
        
               | notreallyserio wrote:
               | They'd have to be built with cow-catcher like devices to
               | push all the horseshit out of their way while traveling
               | down the road. It'd be a different kind of awful.
        
               | tomjakubowski wrote:
               | Personal computers cause all kinds of harm (in addition
               | to the benefits).
        
           | ratmice wrote:
           | Aircraft is a vastly different problem at a much smaller
           | scale. Where did our ground traffic controllers go?
        
           | monadmoproblems wrote:
           | Presumably, you choose whether to ride that airplane or take
           | those drugs. You probably don't get to choose when someone
           | else's driverless car runs you over.
        
             | helloworld11 wrote:
             | Nor do you get to choose when someone's airplane possibly
             | crashes into your street from above.
        
               | gouggoug wrote:
               | There were 9 airplane crashes, worldwide, in 2021[1].
               | 
               | It's estimated 31,720 people died in car crashes, in the
               | US, in 2021[2].
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Aviation_accid
               | ents_an...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.transportation.gov/briefing-room/nhtsa-
               | estimates...
        
               | helloworld11 wrote:
               | True, but you miss my point in referring to this. You
               | still don't get to choose when someone else's mistake
               | might harm you. Also, we as the public in general
               | routinely trust planes with millions of risky flights
               | despite not knowing anything about how well or safely
               | they work, or how they work at all in detail. We accept
               | that accidents sometimes happen nonetheless because
               | that's how it goes with human technology that we've come
               | to depend on. The important thing is that precautions are
               | taken as much as reasonably possible. The same standard
               | can be applied to driverless cars without getting fearful
               | of them simply because of their newness.
        
               | gouggoug wrote:
               | But driverless cars do not go through the same
               | requirements as aviation.
               | 
               | Before an airplane goes into circulation, it has gone
               | through extremely rigorous testing. An airplane also
               | always has a pilot.
               | 
               | The same can't be said for driverless cars. They don't go
               | through extreme rigorous testing, they don't have a
               | driver, and they're controlled by software that is most
               | likely a far cry from aviation standards.
        
           | ethanbond wrote:
           | Neither aircraft nor drug development norms look _anything
           | like_ the norms of software development. I actually find a
           | substantial difference in my trust level between a
           | traditional car company that 's building self-driving
           | capabilities (e.g. Mercedes) than a company that fashions
           | itself as a software company that happens to build cars (e.g.
           | Tesla) for exactly the reason of the norms and behaviors that
           | each org would encourage.
        
             | woah wrote:
             | Didn't aircraft development norms lead to several planes
             | plunging out of the sky with zero mechanical issues, due to
             | software failure?
        
               | gouggoug wrote:
               | It's actually _failure to follow aircraft development
               | norms_ that lead to the crash of multiple 737-Max
        
             | dogman144 wrote:
             | Generally agree but also knew people who worked on Boeing
             | QA/SWE and the internal picture sounds dicy. I'm a bit
             | disconcerted flying after learning about it.
        
               | skylanh wrote:
               | Boeing's issues were written on the wall about 2 decades
               | ago when it moved it's hierarchy from an engineer-centric
               | one to a Chicago accountant-centric one. That alone
               | wouldn't have been an issue, but they had an immediate
               | brain drain as half their HQ staff didn't follow the
               | relocation.
               | 
               | Imagine a thousand employees, half your HQ staff, that
               | leave. There are several possible reasons:
               | 
               | - they're older -> more corporate knowledge and knew the
               | "magic recipes"
               | 
               | - skill based mobility -> they're so good they can go
               | anywhere, and Chicago isn't Seattle
               | 
               | - etc
               | 
               | https://hbr.org/2001/10/inside-boeings-big-move
               | 
               | This was widely thought on ... what was I browsing back
               | then? Reddit? as a fore-warner of bad stuff to come
               | 
               | The fore-warning came to fruition when the issues at
               | various Boeing plants started developing over the next
               | ten years (insider videos talking with an employee about
               | being on drugs during crucial assembly work and shift
               | mates being similarly high, "get it through your station"
               | attitudes) and the Dreamliner issues that were hand-waved
               | away (no training, 1-hour tablet self directed training,
               | certification delays, and eventually crashes).
        
               | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
               | > what was I browsing back then? Reddit?
               | 
               | I remember it being discussed on SlashDot back then.
        
               | foolinaround wrote:
               | generally, you dont want to know how the sausage is being
               | made... its pretty much all industries, some worse than
               | the others.
        
         | xadhominemx wrote:
         | We are all unwilling testers of every new teenage driver who
         | hits the road.
        
           | kadoban wrote:
           | That teenage driver goes through a training and certification
           | process, and we have ways of stopping them from driving if
           | they fuck up too badly. They also have liability for their
           | actions.
           | 
           | Most of those are lacking or at least inconsistent, for AI
           | driving.
        
             | AlotOfReading wrote:
             | The vehicle manufacturer is licensed here, all safety
             | operators involved are licensed, and the DMV will pull the
             | operations permit or vehicle registrations if they fuck up
             | too badly. This has already happened to pony.ai and Uber.
             | 
             | More consistency would be better, but it's a California
             | bureaucracy. You get what you get.
        
             | Johnny555 wrote:
             | I don't know where you live, but my "training and
             | certification process" was mom driving with me for a few
             | weeks, then I went to the driver testing office, drove
             | around a closed course, proved I could stay on my side of
             | the road, stop at a stop sign, and parallel park. Then I
             | got my license without ever being tested at over 25mph.
             | Even with the state of today's technology, I'd trust a
             | driverless car more than I'd trust a new teen driver.
        
             | xyzzy21 wrote:
             | In fact, liability has been limited in this case by
             | California laws...
        
             | aperson_hello wrote:
             | That's a pretty generous interpretation of the oversight
             | for the average teenage driver. Most controls are lacking
             | for ALL drivers, human or not.
             | 
             | The first footage that comes out of a felony traffic stop
             | on an AI driver will be amusing!
        
             | dfxm12 wrote:
             | _That teenage driver goes through a training and
             | certification process, and we have ways of stopping them
             | from driving if they fuck up too badly._
             | 
             | This is a complete aside, but not having a license doesn't
             | really prevent you from getting in a car and driving it. I
             | was just reminded of this when a buddy's parked car was
             | struck by a drunk driver who was not legally licensed to
             | drive because their license was revoked from having _many_
             | prior DUI 's. Luckily they didn't kill anyone.
             | 
             | Hopefully it will be easier to enforce shutting down unsafe
             | driverless cars.
             | 
             | I've also known teens without licenses who had to drive
             | their irresponsible buddies' cars home after the licensed
             | driver drove somewhere and got drunk. It's not like there's
             | a biometric scanner in each car that verifies the person
             | behind the wheel is a licensed driver...
        
               | root_axis wrote:
               | Kind of a moot point though. You can't really stop anyone
               | from doing anything, the best we can do in a free society
               | is create laws that deter undesirable behavior.
        
               | dfxm12 wrote:
               | In general, most of our cities (in the US) are very car-
               | centric. Better than passing a law and hoping for the
               | best while waiting to punish people, we can give people
               | realistic alternatives to drunk driving to prevent it in
               | the first place. Likely, these would have a second order
               | effect of giving everyone realistic alternatives to
               | driving too. If driving yourself isn't the norm, then
               | drunk driving becomes more rare.
        
               | root_axis wrote:
               | > _we can give people realistic alternatives to drunk
               | driving to prevent it in the first place_
               | 
               | Such as?
        
               | glandium wrote:
               | In Japan, there are taxi-like services that will drive
               | your own car. 2 persons come in a taxi, one of them
               | drives you in your car, and the other follows with the
               | taxi (and picks back the first person once destination is
               | reached).
        
               | dfxm12 wrote:
               | Off the top of my head, public transportation, ride
               | sharing, making streets more pedestrian friendly, denser
               | zoning.
               | 
               | I had a great bar that was less than a mile from where I
               | used to live. I rarely went because there was no way to
               | walk there. No sidewalks in the neighborhood, no traffic
               | lights, no bus that stopped near it. It's a shame. It
               | closed shortly after I moved away after away. In the
               | paper they said they just didn't get a lot of people
               | coming in.
        
               | root_axis wrote:
               | > _public transportation_
               | 
               | A great idea that I am in support of, but it's not a
               | "realistic alternative", public transportation is
               | politically fraught, expensive, and slow to build in the
               | U.S. I'm not saying we shouldn't continue to strive
               | towards it, but it's not happening any time soon in the
               | U.S.
               | 
               | > _ride sharing_
               | 
               | This is the status quo.
               | 
               | > _making streets more pedestrian friendly_
               | 
               | Same issue as public transportation - slow, expensive,
               | politically fraught, but also of dubious ROI in terms of
               | preventing DUIs; nobody is going to walk 5 miles home
               | from the bar because of streets that are friendlier to
               | pedestrians. Of course, there are other worthy reasons to
               | create pedestrian friendly streets, but they don't really
               | represent a realistic alternative to someone prone to
               | intoxicated driving.
               | 
               | > _denser zoning_
               | 
               | Again, not really a realistic alternative, zoning issues
               | are politically and economically contentious at a level
               | that transcends concerns about drunk driving and yet the
               | needle on that issue barley moves due to NIMBYism and
               | entrenched special interests.
        
               | colinmhayes wrote:
               | Or maybe we can hurry up with driverless cars so that we
               | can take the wheel out asap for people who have DUIs.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | root_axis wrote:
               | Driverless cars aren't anywhere near being able to
               | prevent DUIs on a statistically meaningful scale. If
               | lives are what you care about you'd be better off having
               | the government subsidize uber rides.
        
             | lhorie wrote:
             | Here in San Francisco you don't actually need to go through
             | any training to receive a drivers license. You just need to
             | pass a computer test (of mostly easily memorizable
             | material) and a road test that consists mostly of turning
             | left and right a few times. They don't even test highway
             | driving, three point turns or parallel parking like they do
             | in some other countries.
             | 
             | Also, didn't the entire Uber fleet get grounded after the
             | Tempe death, with a huge months-long NHTSA investigation?
        
             | standardUser wrote:
             | "That teenage driver goes through a training and
             | certification process"
             | 
             | Did anyone else spit out their morning coffee at this
             | hilarious one-liner?
        
               | kadoban wrote:
               | Feel free to argue that licensing isn't strict enough.
               | I'd agree. But AI driver certification is effectively
               | nonexistent, judging by Telsa's bullshit behavior.
        
             | Arnt wrote:
             | Two human drivers passed me today in a street where passing
             | me was unconditionally forbidden. In that street no car may
             | pass any bicycle, ever, and there's giant signage. Are you
             | suggesting that we have consistent, reliable ways to
             | prevent those two from driving again?
        
               | dont__panic wrote:
               | That is certainly the idea behind traffic policing,
               | license points, etc. All you need is police who enforce
               | the laws that already exist.
        
               | Arnt wrote:
               | If I were to send the police a 30-second film showing
               | someone overtaking me illegally, it's near certain that
               | nothing would happen. Unless someone were harmed.
               | 
               | If, however, I were to send the certification authority a
               | film of a driverless car doing the same, my guess is that
               | the vendor would be required to investigate and solve
               | that, even if the film were just a single incident and
               | noone harmed. I base that guess on the authority's past
               | behaviour.
               | 
               | Speaking as someone who's often in harm's way, I find the
               | possibility of getting rid of _conscious_ rule violations
               | very attractive, even if that doesn 't affect the number
               | or effect of software bugs at all.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | eps wrote:
           | Depends on the country, but here teenagers are drilled _so_
           | much during their L phase _and_ on the cars with a manual
           | transmission, so they are probably the safest drivers on the
           | road.
        
             | brianwawok wrote:
             | Not true at all in the US. (And no, kids don't learn the
             | manual because no one uses manuals in the US)
             | 
             | https://aaafoundation.org/wp-
             | content/uploads/2017/06/aaa_fig...
             | 
             | Teens are roughly 3x worse than a 20 year old, and 10x
             | worse than a 50 year old.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | yawnr wrote:
             | Yeah definitely not the case in the US. The New Jersey
             | driver's test consisted of a single stop sign and a
             | parallel parking test.
        
               | culopatin wrote:
               | Lol in Florida I looped around a parking lot and parked
               | head in. From there you're allowed to get on i95... in
               | south Florida. I guess if you don't die the first time
               | you get on it it's like passing a test anyway.
               | 
               | Luckily for me I had been driving for a while and I was
               | tested initially in a more rigorous country, I was just
               | getting my license after I moved to the US, but it
               | explains a lot of what I see in the streets.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | The teenager's ability to drive safely isn't just a
             | mechanical ability of driving a car or of just being aware
             | of the laws/rules. Safe driving comes from years of
             | experience on being able to decide how long it will take to
             | stop at certain speeds in certain conditions. Being able to
             | recognize their car's brakes are a little soft and might
             | not stop on a dime any more. Being able to recognize that
             | the driver in front of them is potentially impaired, so
             | best give them some space.
             | 
             | There are plenty of things that come with experience vs
             | book learning that makes a safer driver. A freshly licensed
             | teen comes with none of that. They also have the natural
             | tendency of having high risk tolerance which makes decision
             | making different than an older/exeprienced driver that is
             | more risk averse.
        
               | formerly_proven wrote:
               | Hearsay is that you have to drive more than 100 000 km in
               | diverse conditions with the right mindset in order to
               | become a fluent and experienced driver. With an average
               | mileage, that will take most people around a decade after
               | beginning to drive. Most people never seem to become
               | fluent, experienced drivers, because they lack the
               | practice, or the mindset, or both.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Exactly, except, I'm not sure where the 100,000km
               | condition was established.
               | 
               | I'm in North Texas, so I have a personal rule that if the
               | temps are forecasted to be below freezing with any form
               | of precipitation, I do not leave the house. People make
               | moronic decisions on how to drive in those conditions
               | because it doesn't happen enough and as a collective,
               | proper ability to drive is forgotten every single time.
        
               | throwawayboise wrote:
               | That is my experience from one visit to the Arlington
               | area years ago. One morning it was below freezing and
               | there were some icy patches especially on bridges.
               | Drivers were either creeping at 2mph or spinning out.
               | There didn't seem to be anyone on the road who knew how
               | to handle it.
        
               | newaccount74 wrote:
               | How do you drive on icy roads though? Creeping at 2mph
               | sounds like a reasonable choice, at least you won't make
               | a lot of damage when you slowly slide into an obstacle.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | >How do you drive on icy roads though?
               | 
               | It's a trick question. You don't _should_ be the
               | response.
               | 
               | For those that do, my first question is what is so damn
               | important that you have to be driving in icy conditions
               | in the first place? Schools are closed. Most businesses
               | are closed. If my business isn't closed, I use a personal
               | day. This isn't Chicago/Minneapolis where the snow lasts
               | for 3 months. This is N. Texas. It's typically only cold
               | enough for these conditions for a couple of days and
               | typically only at night. Which actually makes it worse as
               | it melts in the day, refreezes overnight, and people
               | forget about the refreeze and drive as if things are
               | normal.
        
               | tremon wrote:
               | _experience vs book learning_
               | 
               | Why would you assume that a driver's education is a
               | matter of book learning? Is that how you were taught?
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Yes it was. I am of a certain age that we had a certain
               | number of classroom hours as well as a certain number of
               | hours behind the wheel with an instructor as well as
               | certain number of hours in a car as an observer with an
               | instructor.
               | 
               | We had book(lets) that we had to read from to learn the
               | rules/laws of the road. There were quizzes/tests to be
               | taken during those classes in order to pass the class.
               | Once the class was passed, I then had to take a written
               | exam issued by the state. That was followed by an actual
               | driving test with a state official in the car.
               | 
               | So assuming based on my personal experience. I know the
               | times have changed, and you no longer have to do silly
               | things like learn how to drive or be required to wear
               | shoes while driving in today's world.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | To a first approximation, I'm skeptical that anywhere in
               | the world a learning supervised driver gains sufficient
               | on-road experience to to count as a skilled experienced
               | driver. Clearly, different places make somewhat different
               | tradeoffs with respect to licensing. However, I'll go out
               | on a limb and say the majority of drivers with 5 to 10
               | years experience are better drivers than newly licensed
               | drivers.
        
           | ISL wrote:
           | And every drunk/elderly driver -- the car's decision to move
           | after a traffic-stop felt very much the behavior of someone
           | with impaired cognition.
        
             | fho wrote:
             | Anecdote: There was an old lady living nearby who despite
             | being 80+ years still driving around in her 20 year old
             | car. She literally ran over traffic cones and ... a child
             | on a tricycle [1] and never got prosecuted.
             | 
             | She recently passed away ... sad, but the streets around
             | here are definitely safer now.
             | 
             | (This was in Germany just for reference)
             | 
             | [1] The child was fine it was a low speed collision ... but
             | still ...
        
               | argiopetech wrote:
               | I caution against age as a sole proxy for driving
               | ability. As a contradictory datum, my 80+ year old
               | grandmother (in the USA) maintains a 100+ acre farm. She
               | daily drives a (impeccably maintained) 2006 3/4 ton
               | pickup, to include multiple yearly 10+ hour trips hauling
               | a 10k+ lbs trailer. She almost always brings a passenger
               | on these trips for companionship and safety. I've never
               | heard any complaints, and never personally observed her
               | driving unsafely.
               | 
               | It won't be this way forever, and I'm under no illusion
               | that she is the norm for her age, but I'd hazard she's a
               | better drive R than most people on the road.
               | 
               | I would like to see a move toward more frequent driver
               | testing for all drivers in the USA, decreasing in
               | frequency after the first few years of driving and
               | increasing in frequency for older drivers. Testing after
               | initial licensing is not the norm in any state I've
               | inhabited, so this would probably require a significant
               | uphill battle on both the individual and government
               | fronts.
        
               | ISL wrote:
               | Triggering testing/education after traffic violations
               | might be a middle-ground.
        
               | dfxm12 wrote:
               | This seems too reactive. I agree it is better than
               | nothing, but if someone is going to have the wherewithal
               | to put a law in place around this, I think the goal
               | should should be more about preventing violations than
               | punishment. Maybe you should have to re-take the test
               | when your license expires instead of the license being a
               | lifetime certification. That would be every four years in
               | my state. Not sure if it is different state to state.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | States already introduce mandatory vision tests and
               | inquire about medical history with age even very Red or
               | Blue states.
               | 
               | https://www.dps.texas.gov/section/driver-license/drivers-
               | age...
               | 
               | https://www.dmv.com/md/maryland/senior-
               | drivers?tg1=DVA&utm_c...
               | 
               | Florida has vision requirements, and accepts reports of
               | medical issues making driving unsafe:
               | https://www.flhsmv.gov/driver-licenses-id-cards/medical-
               | revi...
               | 
               | In that context Florida's standards are lax, but still
               | exist.
        
               | brimble wrote:
               | The DMV worker that administered my mom's last test
               | definitely fudged things so she could renew her license.
               | 
               | Luckily she basically never drives anyway [edit: because
               | my dad who's still a decent driver drivers her around
               | when she needs it because they both know she's not safe
               | on the road, not because she can get by without a car],
               | but I doubt that was an isolated incident. Because of how
               | we've designed our cities, not being able to drive can
               | represent a _huge_ loss of freedom. In the moment, it
               | seems some (and I 'm guessing many) DMV workers take pity
               | on the vulnerable elderly person in front of them rather
               | than some hypothetical future victim of that driver.
        
               | gknoy wrote:
               | I remember doing traffic school about ~15 years ago, and
               | realizing that there were several points of the law which
               | I had not adequately learned when I first got my license.
               | Over the years of driving, I've gotten better at some
               | parts of driving (being safe, etc), but I'm _sure_ there
               | are parts of the law that I have forgotten. (e.g., is it
               | legal in my state to turn through a crosswalk if the
               | pedestrian is past the halfway point?)
               | 
               | I feel like if driver licensing required re-
               | certification, everyone would hate that, but it would
               | have the added value of making sure to reinforce that
               | people knew what the law _was_. Maybe it'd be less
               | painful if our insurance already subsidized the cost. I
               | feel bad even advocating for such a thing.
        
               | dfxm12 wrote:
               | _I 'm _sure_ there are parts of the law that I have
               | forgotten._
               | 
               | Or perhaps since laws have changed or new laws were made
               | that you were unaware of (through no fault of your own -
               | these things are hard to keep track of!). I agree people
               | would hate it, but I think there's value in, like you say
               | giving people a refresher about the law.
               | 
               | I also think there's value in reminding people that
               | driving is not an inalienable right and also inviting a
               | person to re-evaluate their situation every so often to
               | think if they still really need a car.
        
               | yardie wrote:
               | There was recently an accident in Miami Beach. Elderly
               | woman driving a Bentley reversed into a terrace
               | restaurant. Killing 1 and injury 6, including a 3yo [0].
               | No charges filed because being senile driver (and voter)
               | is not against the law.
               | 
               | [0]
               | https://www.local10.com/news/local/2022/02/25/recalling-
               | trag...
        
           | diogenescynic wrote:
           | I think elderly drivers are probably more dangerous than
           | teenagers. Lately whenever I've seen a really reckless
           | driver, it's been someone very elderly and who looked totally
           | overwhelmed by the experience of driving. I've seen old
           | people struggling to keep up with traffic, driving in bike
           | lanes or just on the side of the road thinking it was a
           | second lane... There should be more frequently driver exams
           | (and car exams) in the US.
        
             | chasd00 wrote:
             | One of the more surreal things i've seen is in Naples FL
             | where you have elderly behind the wheel of Lamborghinis,
             | Aston Martin, Ferraris and lots of other very very powerful
             | sports cars. Vallet needs to give them extra help getting
             | in and out but then off they go. A simple muscle twitch
             | blipping the gas peddle on those cars would put them so far
             | out of control it would be funny if it weren't life
             | threatening.
        
           | Kye wrote:
           | A teenager is worried about: getting killed, killing someone
           | else, hurting someone, wrecking their parents' car, losing
           | their permit. I don't trust engineers working on the models
           | that drive these cars to teach a computer the difference
           | between a human and an open road. A teenager can discern
           | these with no effort. I trust a teenager to care about not
           | hitting me and try their best, _and_ to choose a ditch over
           | hitting someone when the decision time comes.
        
             | culopatin wrote:
             | They might be worried but suck at risk evaluation so bad
             | that the worry doesn't really help.
        
             | dgfitz wrote:
             | *A teenager is worried about only about themselves and
             | their immediate happiness
        
               | mhh__ wrote:
               | I think you'd be immediately unhappy if you crashed your
               | parents car
        
               | tremon wrote:
               | In the typical teenager's mind, that would be _after_ ,
               | not _if_
        
               | mhh__ wrote:
               | We are discussing a hypothetical teenager who doesn't
               | exist, who knows?
               | 
               | Besides, I had thousands of HN karma (the most important
               | metric of maturity of course) when I was a teenager not
               | very long ago.
        
               | pempem wrote:
               | Was it an "if" in yours when you were a teenager? There
               | are lots of strong statistical differences that are
               | visible in the teenage population and trickle their way
               | into insurance tables.
               | 
               | Basically we could do a better job engendering concern
               | from teenagers, its not some kind of inherent mental lack
               | of capability.
        
               | tremon wrote:
               | My point was that worrying about hypothetical outcomes is
               | not usually at the forefront of a teenager's mind. Sure,
               | they will regret wrecking their parents' car, but that
               | doesn't mean that they will avoid actions that _might_
               | wreck said car.
        
             | bo1024 wrote:
             | To add to your point: it doesn't bother me so much that the
             | AI system doesn't share these priorities. What I worry
             | about is that the companies designing them are not
             | incentivized to.
        
               | ricochet11 wrote:
               | surely a company is absolutely incentivized to share
               | these priorities?
               | 
               | every accident is a hit to their profits and pr.
        
               | pempem wrote:
               | I think Tesla has shown this fairly clearly to be untrue.
               | 
               | It takes a hit if there isnt' a very solid
               | marketing/pr/charismatic leader to distract
        
           | boudin wrote:
           | A teenage driver can lose its licence. What happens with an
           | AI in this case? Can Cruise lose its licence ?
        
             | striking wrote:
             | Yes.
        
             | moralestapia wrote:
             | Who gets a license, though? Cruise, the company? The
             | currently deployed algorithm? Each car w/ the software?
        
             | xadhominemx wrote:
             | > Can Cruise lose its licence ?
             | 
             | Of course
        
           | wyldfire wrote:
           | Aside: I'm happy to see that teenage drivers today have a lot
           | more required training than I did when I got my license. At
           | least in this US state, and likely most of them.
           | 
           | I'm also really happy about the continued advances in auto
           | safety technology.
        
             | snovv_crash wrote:
             | US driving test standards are still a joke compared to
             | overseas.
        
               | causi wrote:
               | The US has lower per-kilometer vehicle fatalities than
               | South Korea, Mexico, the Czech Republic, and Belgium, and
               | is similar to Japan and New Zealand.
        
               | ThatGeoGuy wrote:
               | It's difficult to make an apples-to-apples comparison
               | with this statistic because the US has more sprawl.
               | 
               | Like sure, per-kilometre fatalities may be down, but that
               | says nothing of:
               | 
               | 1. The number of non-fatal crashes
               | 
               | 2. How much of this incorporates driving on large
               | highways
               | 
               | 3. When not on a highway, the degree of traffic in which
               | fatal crashes can't occur (can't get in a high-speed
               | accident in high traffic in New York, for example)
               | 
               | Needless to say, the roads of Japan and New Zealand are
               | so different from the US that it isn't exactly clear that
               | this statistic is really informing us of much, really.
        
               | yc-kraln wrote:
               | There is no such thing as "US" driving test standards.
               | Each state has its own requirements. Some are quite weak,
               | and some are very vigorous: For instance, Maryland
               | driving licenses are accepted 1:1 as equivalent to the
               | German driving license, you can exchange them without an
               | exam or test. NY and CA... do not simply transfer.
        
               | selectodude wrote:
               | That doesn't mean much because most states, including
               | Texas, also have full reciprocity with Germany. There
               | doesn't really seem to be any rhyme or reason to what
               | states they deem "equivalent".
        
               | thatguy0900 wrote:
               | When I got my license I was advised to do it in nearby
               | Kentucky, since they didnt have a driving portion of the
               | test at all, all you had to do was a written quiz
        
               | hombre_fatal wrote:
               | In Texas, I got my license through a self-teaching avenue
               | where my parents just had to sign off on a form that they
               | taught me. IIRC the form had fields where they log the
               | times they took me driving.
               | 
               | All of my friends were doing these driver's ed classes
               | after school and a bit jealous that I got my license
               | without a single test.
        
               | dtparr wrote:
               | When was that? KY requires a road test now. Also, it
               | requires you to prove KY residency. I'm surprised people
               | were able to get KY licenses without being residents
               | before.
        
               | snovv_crash wrote:
               | I don't think any US state requires you to take several
               | full-day courses after getting your license, for snow and
               | ice handling, as is required in Switzerland for example.
               | Also the road tests I've seen are a joke compared to both
               | the Swiss and South African tests, both of which I've
               | gone through. Requirements to check your mirrors every 10
               | seconds. Check your blind spot before indicating, then
               | again, before merging. Reverse alley docking and parallel
               | parking in tight spaces. Emergency braking from a fixed
               | speed within a certain distance.
               | 
               | Of course, after years of practice this is how you should
               | be driving. But almost nobody who doesn't explicitly
               | practice for the test can actually pass.
               | 
               | Whether a license is accepted reciprocally is more a
               | political decision than based on test stringency.
        
               | tbihl wrote:
               | The interesting thing is that Maryland drivers are among
               | the worst I've seen over a wider spectrum of factors.
               | Sober California drivers seem pretty safe. Virginia
               | drivers are miserable on interstates because they pass
               | one another at 1-3mph differentials (I assume this is a
               | response to the reputed harsh soeeding enforcement there)
               | and are victims of often-wrong signage, but are otherwise
               | uninteresting. South Carolina drivers cause dangerous
               | situations by trying to give away their right of way.
               | Maryland drivers aggressively fight back agaibst merges,
               | change lanes erratically, and crash in a quarter inch of
               | snow at shocking rates, despite the fact that their salt
               | trucks have higher mass-flow-rates than their snow
               | storms. The only drivers who stand out vs Maryland are in
               | big military areas where there's a significant minority
               | of people driving 20mph faster than traffic and merging
               | erratically while doing so.
        
               | snovv_crash wrote:
               | Maybe the stricter tests are a result of the bad driving,
               | and not vice versa.
        
               | quartz wrote:
               | I think it's more a Baltimore / DC area issue than a
               | Maryland one. Baltimore consistently ranks dead last in
               | best driver reports with DC right behind:
               | https://www.allstate.com/americas-best-drivers/index.htm
               | 
               | The commuting structure of those cities is just awful and
               | begging for road rage.
        
               | argiopetech wrote:
               | Having just left VA after a year in residence, VA drivers
               | pass at 1-3mph deltas because they're already doing
               | 15mph+ over the speed limit. Perhaps enforcement is
               | different in southern VA, but I'd estimate only seeing
               | speed traps/vehicles pulled over once every 3-4 weeks.
               | 
               | Maryland (and, to a lesser degree, New Jersey) drivers
               | are legitimately terrible whenever you find them.
        
               | KSPAtlas wrote:
               | I mean, have you seen German drivers?
        
             | fallingknife wrote:
             | Has that training had any noticable impact accident
             | statistics? Seems like just more bureaucracy to me.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | My recollection of learning to drive many years ago was
               | that I took driver's ed, drive my parents around a bit,
               | but then didn't drive much/own a car until after grad
               | school. And therefore, didn't really have much driving
               | experience until later. (And didn't really learn to drive
               | a stick until many years later when I bought a car with
               | one.)
               | 
               | I guess I'm skeptical that having some more classroom
               | time and a more rigorous testing improves young person
               | driving a lot--much less makes much of _any_ difference
               | to how people with a few years of driving under their
               | belt drive.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | I think the tests are just the colors under which
               | bureaucratic red tape just happens to sail. Anything that
               | creates barriers to entry will result in people being
               | older before they get their licenses and that is where
               | the bulk of the benefit comes from.
        
               | fallingknife wrote:
               | Is there any evidence that young drivers are dangerous
               | due to age rather than inexperience?
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | Teenagers aren't known for not putting themselves in
               | dangerous situations.
               | 
               | I don't think teenagers are any less safe than an person
               | with equivalently little experience in normal traffic
               | situations but they are definitively more likely to be
               | less conservative when they do decide to push the limits.
               | There's a difference between navigating a complex
               | intersection and knowing how fast you can/should go on an
               | empty highway.
        
           | agentdrtran wrote:
           | A human being is not a software or engineering project
        
         | AmericanChopper wrote:
         | > I am really worried by the fact that I am the unwilling
         | tester in the Great Driverless Car Experiment.
         | 
         | You're basically an non-consenting tester for every piece of
         | innovation that society every has/ever will come up with, in
         | one way or another. It's an unavoidable feature of living on
         | the same planet as 8 billion other people. Perhaps the safety
         | of this technology does need to improve, or perhaps not. But
         | there's no level of improvement that would ever be able to
         | satisfy this outrage you've expressed at something new existing
         | in the same place as you.
        
           | CogitoCogito wrote:
           | > You're basically an non-consenting tester for every piece
           | of innovation that society every has/ever will come up with,
           | in one way or another. It's an unavoidable feature of living
           | on the same planet as 8 billion other people. Perhaps the
           | safety of this technology does need to improve, or perhaps
           | not. But there's no level of improvement that would ever be
           | able to satisfy this outrage you've expressed at something
           | new existing in the same place as you.
           | 
           | Why do you say it's unavoidable? Regulations could certainly
           | keep these tests off of public roads.
        
             | beams_of_light wrote:
             | And they did, until they didn't. This is not a brand new,
             | unproven technology. It's been developing for over a
             | decade. The car didn't hurt anyone or crash into anything -
             | it simply did not have its lights on. The behavior to drive
             | to a safer place for the traffic stop was intentional, per
             | Cruise. This is something human drivers do as well. When
             | being pulled over, it's common to pull into a parking lot
             | or other nearby place that isn't in the driving path, for
             | the officer's safety and convenience, in addition to
             | allowing traffic to continue to flow without obstruction.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | Fernicia wrote:
             | They are speaking more broadly. Every day you walk past
             | buildings with novel construction features, planes fly
             | overhead without your permission, the ingredients to the
             | food you eat change without your knowledge or consent.
             | 
             | It's a simple fact of life that you test things without
             | explicitly consenting. The driverless cars are no
             | different.
        
               | paulryanrogers wrote:
               | Food ingredients are posted on the package. If the
               | contents differ the manufacturer is liable.
        
             | LocalPCGuy wrote:
             | What about those pesky horseless carriages? Definitely
             | should have had regulations to keep them off the roads.
             | /sarcasm
        
             | dntrkv wrote:
             | Let's say autonomous cars, once fully implemented, are even
             | 10% safer than existing drivers. And testing in real-world
             | conditions, speeds up the implementation by even just a
             | year. We would need about 3k deaths at the hands of the
             | autonomous drivers before the trade off was no longer worth
             | it. This is only considering the US. And based on very
             | conservative estimates of 10% improvement and a reduction
             | of only a year savings in time to deploy. The more likely
             | scenario will put that number in the 10s of thousands in my
             | opinion.
             | 
             | Personally, I would much rather we slowly develop and
             | deploy these cars in the wild rather than continue testing
             | in some controlled environments. At least this way we can
             | monitor progress and judge their readiness as a society.
             | Plus, the sooner they happen, the better for everyone.
        
               | frgtpsswrdlame wrote:
               | You're trying to do math in a scenario where you have no
               | real numbers. Of course you can pull some stuff out of
               | your butt (+10%, 1 year) to say it's going to save lives
               | but unless you can justify those numbers it's
               | meaningless.
        
               | dntrkv wrote:
               | No fucking way? I thought my math was rock-solid!
               | 
               | The point is not the exact numbers. It's to demonstrate
               | that even if we do suffer accidents and deaths from
               | testing self-driving cars on the road, the end result
               | will be many more saved lives (just based on the fact of
               | how many people die from traffic accidents today) Of
               | course this hinges on many other factors to be true, but
               | that's the case with all kinds of technological advances.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | calyth2018 wrote:
         | You're not wrong.
        
         | conductr wrote:
         | My wife's 96 year old grandfather still has a driver's license
         | because he passes some ridiculous vision test with 1 of his
         | eyes. He can't read a newspaper or see a television well enough
         | to enjoy sports (previously his favorite thing). He says he's
         | memorized the vision test at his doctor's office and when asked
         | the doctor refuses to file a report (or whatever procedural
         | thing is required to remove his driving abilities). He totaled
         | his car(s) every ~6 months for the past ~5 years. Luckily for
         | other drivers, always doing something like hitting a concrete
         | light pole base in a large parking lot. Although him and wife
         | have been hospitalized each time as 1) age 2) sometimes happens
         | at >35MPH.
         | 
         | All to say, the roads being safe as a core assumption is
         | completely false. I'd gladly share the road with beta AI versus
         | other drivers like this. Being an occupant in beta AI is
         | completely optional.
        
           | jdavis703 wrote:
           | If you're in California, you can file a report with the DMV
           | since you presumably know both his license plate and his
           | name.
        
           | brimble wrote:
           | A huge percentage of elderly drivers shouldn't be on the
           | road. We (the US) seem, as a society, to have decided to just
           | live with that rather than trying to make it easier to live
           | here without a car.
        
             | duped wrote:
             | It's more that they vote more than young people and no
             | politician is going to change the driving standards in
             | their state only to be antagonized by the AARP.
        
         | jaywalk wrote:
         | > Tradition has it that when you load-test a new bridge, you
         | put the architect underneath.
         | 
         | Do you have any more info on this? It's a fascinating fact.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | wang_li wrote:
         | >I think we should set a much higher bar for allowing those
         | cars on the streets, rather than "it kinda works, so let's roll
         | with it".
         | 
         | Indeed. The minimum before any self driving car can be put on
         | the road is that the developers, managers, executives, and
         | major investors and their immediate families have to spend 8
         | hours running back and forth across a track on which 40 self
         | driving cars per mile of track are running laps at a minimum of
         | 50 MPH. Additionally there need to be things like rains of
         | nails on the road, suddenly floods of water, packs of dogs,
         | tumbling tumbleweeds, and other hazards. If at any point the
         | average speed drops below 50 MPH or if the cars hit anyone or
         | hit each other, the car can't go on public roads.
        
         | fallingknife wrote:
         | You could say the same for regular cars when they first arrived
         | on the road. Saying there should be a higher bar is useless
         | unless you are able to say exactly what that bar should be.
        
           | stefan_ wrote:
           | Let's start with setting the bar at "the driverless car only
           | operating at night should have its lights on". And since
           | Cruise so effortlessly limbod right under that one, we should
           | probably ask for a root-cause analysis here and stop their
           | operation immediately until then. God forbid they start
           | disabling the brakes like Uber "because they cause
           | disengagements".
        
           | MereInterest wrote:
           | People did say exactly the same for regular cars. The result
           | was a massive advertising campaign to establish the concept
           | of jaywalking, and to make the street the sole domain of the
           | car.
           | 
           | I can easily imagine a similar campaign to label pedestrians
           | as irresponsible for walking outside without an ultrasonic
           | emitter, or a lidar reflector, or whatever integrates with
           | the self-driving system. Whatever shifts the responsibility
           | away from the car and onto the deceased.
        
             | MathCodeLove wrote:
             | You say "advertising campaign" as if it were some
             | conspiracy by the world's big auto manufacturers
             | 
             | 1. Do you have any sources?
             | 
             | 2. You don't think that roads _should_ be a car only
             | domain? What do you think roads are for?
        
               | firstcommentyo wrote:
               | > 2. You don't think that roads should be a car only
               | domain? What do you think roads are for?
               | 
               | For example for my messanger on my horse so he doesn't
               | get stuck in the mutt on it's voyage to the next city.
               | ... or maybe my zenturie to support my legion?
               | 
               | What makes you think (or suggest) that roads where
               | invented for cars?
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | I never said they were _invented_ for cars. My question
               | was why don 't they think roads, as they are in 2022,
               | shouldn't be a car only domain? This argument of "well
               | their original purpose was for..." is logically
               | incoherent in a multitude of ways. There are thousands of
               | things that we use a bit different than originally as
               | intended due to the advancement of modern tech
        
               | Steltek wrote:
               | > 2. You don't think that roads should be a car only
               | domain? What do you think roads are for?
               | 
               | You've clearly never had a UPS driver scream "Use the
               | bike lane!" at you after parking his truck in that same
               | bike lane. Drivers have bizarre reflexes for how to use
               | roads.
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | Well, no I must admit I never have experienced that. Not
               | really sure I understand how it pertains to my question
               | you responded to.
        
               | jeromegv wrote:
               | 1. https://www.vox.com/2015/1/15/7551873/jaywalking-
               | history The forgotten history of how automakers invented
               | the crime of "jaywalking" (books and more sources are
               | quoted in that article)
               | 
               | 2. Roads existed before cars. This is an extremely
               | American view to think that roads should be exclusively
               | for cars. Roads should be for PEOPLE, regardless of which
               | mode of transport they are using.
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | As for point 2.
               | 
               | Okay, but now cars do exist. Do you think it's reasonable
               | for cars capable of traveling 40mph should be stuck
               | behind pedestrians at walking speed? Our modern
               | transportation infrastructure exists for a reason, and
               | that reason is speed/effeciency. Most areas with heavy
               | pedestrian traffic have sidewalks. If I'm going 60mph
               | down the highway then the presumption that I should be
               | subjected to pedestrians casually strolling across is
               | absurd.
        
               | jcranmer wrote:
               | Already today, cars do not travel at 40mph in those areas
               | with heavy pedestrian traffic--the typical speed limit on
               | a city street is 25mph, and even that is probably above
               | typical speeds. If you want cars to travel more quickly,
               | you need to resort to highways that completely cut off
               | pedestrian access, which has seriously deleterious
               | effects on the neighborhoods it travels through.
               | 
               | If you try to compromise, you end up with stroads...
               | which turn out to be just as bad as highways for
               | pedestrians in practice, thanks in no small part to
               | people like you who believe that all of the compromises
               | of street design and urban planning should be borne not
               | by vehicular drivers but by pedestrians.
               | 
               | (I'll add a side note here: a lot of efficiency depends
               | on what you're trying to make efficient. Many people--
               | including you, apparently--define efficiency as moving
               | _cars_ with as high throughput as possible. If you
               | instead want to move _people_ with high throughput,
               | usually step one is to ditch cars, since single-occupant
               | vehicles occupy vastly more space than any other form of
               | transportation.)
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | Alright, but 25mph is still significantly faster than
               | walking speed. I do think that mass transportation would
               | be nice and we could use a better public trans infra in
               | the US, but that doesn't make the fact that waking is
               | still much less efficient that driving. Even with cars
               | taking up much more space, a bunch of cars traveling at
               | 25 mph are able to carry a many more people through a
               | distance X in a period of time T than the equivalent
               | walking would be able to. The alternative that everyone
               | seems to be forgetting is having roads for cars and
               | sidewalks for people, which already exists in the vast
               | majority of areas with a high potentiality for pedestrian
               | traffic.
        
               | enneff wrote:
               | The alternative to car-centric streets is mixed use
               | emphasising bikes, pedestrians, and public transport.
        
               | Steltek wrote:
               | LOL, cars don't go anywhere near 25mph in Boston. They'll
               | average 15mph, if they're lucky. Even with ~70% of the
               | right of way allocated to cars, there's still too many of
               | them for the road to handle. I don't know what
               | "efficiency" you think cars have over other modes but I'm
               | not seeing it on my commute. More often than not, my bike
               | is stuck behind cars (because the bike lane disappeared)
               | rather than they're stuck behind me.
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | 15mph is still faster than walking speed. I'm not saying
               | cars are the most optimally efficient mode of
               | transportation, just that they are much more efficient
               | that walking.
        
               | Steltek wrote:
               | That's a completely useless comparison that applies
               | almost no where in the world? You need to compare driving
               | vs pervasive transit and bike networks. I doubt New
               | Yorkers or Amsterdammers would accept your efficient car
               | hypothesis.
               | 
               | In the few places with high 100% walking commutes, I
               | don't see cars being more efficient either. Do you want
               | every college student to drive from their dorm to class?
               | How about poor countries without the money to maintain
               | good road networks?
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | Are you joking? That applies in the _vast majority_ of
               | the world, the exceptions you named are just that,
               | exceptions that are exceptionally rare.
               | 
               | This entire discussion started as whether pedestrians
               | should/shouldn't be on roads. No, they shouldn't. They
               | should be on a sidewalk, best of both worlds.
        
               | MereInterest wrote:
               | Speed, yes, but efficiency is questionable. Efficiency
               | depends both on how fast you're traveling, but also on
               | how far you need to travel in order to reach a
               | destination. With minimum parking requirements, the space
               | required for a shop increases drastically. If there's one
               | shop every 50 feet, you can efficiently visit them at low
               | speeds. If there's one shop every quarter mile, walking
               | past a row of shops is impossible. The car traveling 40
               | mph can go at a faster speed than a pedestrian, but it
               | also requires the shops to be spaced out such that the
               | car can park. Optimizing for speed reduces efficiency.
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | Not necessarily. This assessment forgets things like
               | sidewalks. I don't think anyone is going to visit shops
               | on main street and every time they leave a shop drives 5
               | feet further down the road only to park and visit another
               | one. In tightly clustered areas it's most common to park
               | and then walk via a sidewalk to other destinations on the
               | area.
        
               | Cockbrand wrote:
               | 1: e.g. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaywalking#Origin_o
               | f_the_term
               | 
               | 2: Roads are also for bicyclists, motorcyclists, and even
               | pedestrians. It's true though that car drivers often
               | think that roads are a car only domain and behave
               | aggressively towards the other mentioned groups
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | 2. No, sidewalks and bike lanes are for pedestrians and
               | bicyclists. Bike lanes are less common than sidewalks so
               | I think it's reasonable to include them on low-
               | speed/highly congested stretches of road, but to assume
               | they should have a full access to, e.g. and interstate or
               | highway is ridiculous and would hinder literally
               | thousands of people.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | Sidewalks and bike lanes are not contiguous. Pedestrians
               | and cyclists are not only permitted, but have the right
               | of way, on nearly all roads other than controlled access
               | highways and tunnels, even where sidewalks and bike lanes
               | exist.
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | Yes but this conversation was about jaywalking and what
               | roads are intended for. No one (I think) is arguing that
               | a bike crossing the rode to go from one bike lane to
               | another is wrong, but that it isn't the intended purpose
               | of roads. Pedestrians do have the right away, but that
               | doesn't make jaywalking illegal, it just makes it so
               | drivers are (rightfully) held accountable for running
               | over pedestrians trying to cross the street. It doesn't
               | give a pedestrian the right to walk down the middle of
               | the street at a leisurely pace
        
               | Cockbrand wrote:
               | OK, let's all take a deep breath here - we might just
               | have a different understanding of the word "road". My
               | definition of "road" is not restricted to interstates and
               | highways, but it includes any larger road, err, street.
               | Of course, nobody wants pedestrians or cyclists on
               | highways. It looks like we agree there.
               | 
               | But I refuse the popular notion that roads (as in larger
               | streets, or any street between villages/towns/cities)
               | should be for cars only. The usual examples of
               | Copenhagen, Amsterdam or recently Paris show that shared
               | roads lead to a higher quality of living. I personally
               | appreciate this, and I'd prefer a world where this
               | sharing would be more common.
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | But why should shared roads be preferred over sidewalks?
               | I see quite a few potential disadvantages but no real
               | advantages whatsoever.
        
               | enneff wrote:
               | There's an entirety different worldview that you are
               | missing here. Check out this great YouTube channel which
               | goes into a lot of detail about how our cities and towns
               | could be better designed.
               | https://youtube.com/c/NotJustBikes
        
               | MereInterest wrote:
               | For 1, this is well established history that I didn't
               | feel was necessary to provide sources for. That said, the
               | vox article linked to by jeromegv does a good job of
               | describing the transition.
               | 
               | For 2, I'd make a distinction between paths built for
               | long-distance travel (roads) and paths built for
               | connecting to destinations (streets). The two have
               | fundamentally different goals that cannot be safely
               | achieved at the same time. To allow for high-speed
               | travel, a road should be as predictable as possible, with
               | limited entrances and exits and barriers to prevent
               | people and animals from wandering onto the road, and
               | should be restricted to vehicles that can maintain a high
               | speed. To allow streets to connect to destinations; such
               | as homes, shops, and workplaces; there should be many
               | entrances and exits to the street. The destinations
               | should be packed as tightly as possible, so that they can
               | be reached with a minimal distance traveled. It's not
               | just that these goals require tradeoffs, but that they
               | are fundamentally antithetical to each other.
               | 
               | The best way to satisfy these two goals is by having
               | separate designs for streets and roads. The roads are
               | pathed around pedestrian areas, and allow branching off
               | into them at limited locations. The streets are mixed
               | use, with rougher surfaces (e.g. brick/cobblestone) to
               | prevent high-speed travel. This doesn't exclude motor
               | vehicles from using roads altogether, allowing for use
               | cases such as delivering food to cornershops or dropping
               | off somebody with limited mobility, but does steer
               | motorized traffic off of the streets and onto the roads
               | wherever possible.
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | 1. Fair enough, but sources should almost always be
               | provided. I hadn't heard that particular piece of
               | historical trivia and I don't think it's necessarily
               | common knowledge.
               | 
               | As for the later, why is that any better than just
               | sidewalks and crosswalks, which the majority of areas
               | with heavy pedestrian traffic already have? It'd be
               | incredibly eco-unfriendly, expensive, and impractical to
               | have two different types of roads for cars and
               | pedestrians when we already have a solution that works
               | just fine - sidewalks.
        
               | MereInterest wrote:
               | I do provide sources when something is difficult to find,
               | uncommon, or uses numeric values beyond ballpark
               | estimations. Demanding sources for every statement
               | contributes to Brandolini's Law [0], which states "The
               | amount of energy needed to refute bullshit is an order of
               | magnitude larger than is needed to produce it." In the
               | spirit of restoring symmetry, I invite you to provide
               | sources for the following statements made in this thread.
               | 
               | * "Most areas with heavy pedestrian traffic have
               | sidewalks." I am uncertain on this one, as heavy
               | pedestrian traffic is more frequent on mixed-use streets.
               | Sidewalks are only used in places with car-centric
               | design, which discourages walking.
               | 
               | * "Even with cars taking up much more space, a bunch of
               | cars traveling at 25 mph are able to carry a many more
               | people through a distance X in a period of time T than
               | the equivalent walking would be able to." I am uncertain
               | on this, because cars require very large amounts of space
               | both for the physical size of the car, the spacing
               | between cars, and the spacing between groups of cars at
               | an intersection.
               | 
               | * "It'd be incredibly eco-unfriendly, expensive, and
               | impractical to have two different types of roads" I'd be
               | interested in a source for this, as I've generally heard
               | that separating out usage improves the efficiency of
               | each. Cars go faster because there are fewer stops
               | requires. Pedestrians die less often because there are
               | fewer cars nearby.
               | 
               | * "Bike lanes are less common than sidewalks" This is
               | correct by my experience, but I've only lived in places
               | with car-centric city planning. Can you provide a source?
               | 
               | I'm interested in continuing this conversation, but not
               | if it is a conversation between sourced comments and
               | unsourced assertions.
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brandolini%27s_law
        
           | InCityDreams wrote:
           | 1) lights on when required. 2) ...
        
         | xutopia wrote:
         | They've been driving for a while now. Can't you go with data
         | from their existing rides to form an opinion? All you're going
         | with is fear right now. Those cars are already better than the
         | majority of drivers.
        
         | dogman144 wrote:
         | This is the most challenging transition with tech in terms of
         | the outcomes and the difficulty defining just what this trend
         | is.
         | 
         | Cybernetics is* ~insertion of a governance layer into our
         | social contract that we didn't agree to relinquish our agency
         | to... It just sort of happened, and we deal with the outcomes.
         | The more disconcerting aspect to me is the latter. Suddenly, QR
         | codes everywhere, good luck getting around without a smart
         | phone, if that driverless car sideswipes you and doesn't stop,
         | call someone I guess?
         | 
         | If this area/trend interests you, there is a lot of reading
         | available from the weird (CCRU, early Nick Land) to the fairly
         | mechanical/academic (MIT, Norbert Wiener), to the openly
         | behavioral governance-themed (Stanford Persuasive Technology
         | Lab, B.J. Fogg), to adversarial-to-tech (The Cybernetic
         | Hypothesis).
         | 
         | * so-so definition of the space, but its the best I can sum it
         | up.
        
         | tryitnow wrote:
         | I agree with your basic idea, but I don't think there's really
         | any way around this - at some point these systems will have to
         | be tested in a real world environment.
         | 
         | I guess the question is: how much higher should the bar be set?
         | And if we set it substantially higher then how much longer will
         | it take to improve the performance and safety of these systems?
        
         | rafale wrote:
         | I didn't know they load test bridges. Wouldn't that put
         | unnecessary wear on the structure and age it prematurely?
        
           | jaywalk wrote:
           | What? No, not at all. The bridge has to be able to handle the
           | max load, otherwise it's not safe. If the load test causes
           | any issues with the bridge, that is a massive red flag.
        
           | JaimeThompson wrote:
           | The max load test is to verify it can support the max rated
           | load before safety margin so they aren't testing it to the
           | point right before it fails.
        
         | svet_0 wrote:
         | Autonomous cars are already safer than human drivers. Not as
         | featureful or accurate, but safer.
        
           | tbihl wrote:
           | This is not exactly irrelevant, but there is some
           | indeterminate weighting factor that you would have to apply
           | for the bad taste of algorithms killing people vs people
           | killing people.
           | 
           | Not that I'm an impartial judge... At the end of the
           | autonomous car rainbow waits more parking, more driving, and
           | fences to keep people out of streets.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | AbrahamParangi wrote:
           | This is almost certainly a data artifact, despite how often
           | it gets repeated by optimists
        
         | tedmiston wrote:
         | Previous articles mention that the cars provided rides to
         | Cruise employees before the general public.
        
       | surgi wrote:
       | I find the explanation offered by Cruise amusing: the car
       | supposedly "figured out" that it is in a dangerous spot to be
       | pulled over and "tried to move to a better one" (extremely
       | complex behavior), while the actual reason for the car being
       | pulled over was not having its headlights on (seemingly a
       | relatively simple bug).
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | Perhaps the lights are not even inside the loop of the Cruise
         | hardware and software. They may rely on the automatic lights
         | that GM provides from the factory. Do they even have visible
         | light optical cameras in their system?
        
         | ironmagma wrote:
         | Why amusing? Sounds about right from what I know about Cruise
         | cars. (Source/disclaimer: I worked at Cruise many moons ago.)
        
         | cdot2 wrote:
         | If a person did this they'd probably be in some serious trouble
        
           | DennisP wrote:
           | Not necessarily, if you make your intentions clear, e.g. by
           | slowing down and putting your hazards on.
        
             | alisonkisk wrote:
        
             | iso1210 wrote:
             | Depends on your skin color
        
             | sseagull wrote:
             | Well, most of the time. If the cop feels like it, they can
             | make you have a very bad time.
             | 
             | https://amp.usatoday.com/amp/7645474002
             | 
             | "An Arkansas woman says she had no safe place to pull over
             | in July 2020 when a state trooper tried to stop her for
             | speeding, so she turned on her hazard lights and slowed
             | down. Moments later, the officer rammed her vehicle,
             | causing it to flip over and injuring the woman"
        
               | AviationAtom wrote:
               | Assuming you aren't driving far, the police will
               | generally understand, and appreciate your regard for
               | their safety. I have seen people choose to pull over in
               | the worst of spots, where I am almost certain the police
               | would have appreciated them moving to a safer spot.
               | 
               | As for the Arkansas lady, did you watch the video? IIRC,
               | she went quite a ways before he PIT'd her. I would agree
               | he shouldn't have done the PIT on her so soon, but it
               | wasn't the case of her going a few hundred feet more.
        
               | Vladimof wrote:
               | de-amped URL: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/
               | 2021/06/10/arkans...
               | 
               | I thought that Google was supposed to stop the AMP
               | project? can't they automatically redirect old AMP URLs
               | to the correct real URL?
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | clearly, it's not an engrained G service that lots and
               | lots of people depend on, as that's the typical decision
               | Googs waits for before pulling the plug
        
               | Vladimof wrote:
               | There are LOTS of AMP links floating around... most
               | people don't even know that they depend on it...
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | sorry, i guess i should have ended my original post with
               | /s
        
               | Vladimof wrote:
               | that's ok... I'm just glad that (as far as I know) all
               | APM URLs are easy to identify visually... they will
               | probably change that in version 2
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | As a teenager, I was pulled over for speeding. I slowed
               | down, used the indicators to signal before changing
               | lanes, then nearly came to a complete stop before
               | realizing I was on the shoulder of a bridge. I suddenly
               | realized that somewhere in driver's ed or a defensive
               | driving course it was strongly suggested that stopping on
               | a bridge is not allowed. I decided to continue pulling
               | forward until a "safe" spot off the bridge.
               | 
               | When the officer arrived at the window, he did question
               | why I didn't stop at the original spot. After explaining,
               | he said he appreciated the thought. I still received the
               | ticket.
               | 
               | Point of the story? Not every LEO is an asshole.
        
               | virgilp wrote:
               | I think I saw that video - don't get me wrong, the
               | officer was definitely an asshole; but I can see why he
               | was annoyed, there was in fact plenty of space &time for
               | her to pull over.
        
               | dsr_ wrote:
               | Remind us how what the police officer did wasn't
               | vehicular assault and potentially homicide.
               | 
               | Remind us how physical injury is a reasonable response to
               | a traffic violation.
        
               | virgilp wrote:
               | I don't want to defend him, what he did was *wrong*. He
               | should absolutely face consequences for gross over-
               | reaction. I never said his response was reasonable given
               | the circumstances.
               | 
               | But the way the story was presented was extremely biased.
               | I believe the US cops are trained to actually use the
               | "pit" maneuver to stop offenders who otherwise refuse to
               | stop. In this case, he should've known better - but one
               | can totally see how an asshole cop would interpret the
               | situation as "lady is refusing to stop, I need to compel
               | her to do so".
               | 
               | I guess what I'm saying is that it wasn't a totally
               | random act of unprovoked cop violence.
        
               | pie42000 wrote:
               | Ah yes, "one time in Arkansas" is now applicable to the
               | situation at large. You'd think the HN crowd would be
               | intelligent enough to not do this. This is akin to saying
               | "this website doesn't load on the Nintendo DS web browser
               | therefore..."
        
               | Archelaos wrote:
               | In my country this would be an illegal disproportionate
               | action. Did the state trooper get away with this? If not,
               | wouldn't it be time to change the law?
        
               | bhelkey wrote:
               | > Did the state trooper get away with this?
               | 
               | Yes, he did [1].
               | 
               | > If not, wouldn't it be time to change the law?
               | 
               | 'The [Arkansas State Police], as part of the settlement
               | agreement, has agreed to change its Use of Force policy
               | as it relates to PIT maneuvers and institute an
               | "objective standard" required to justify the maneuver's
               | use versus the previous "subjective standard."'[1].
               | 
               | I would argue that a more across the board set of changes
               | is required.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.kark.com/news/working4you/arkansas-state-
               | police-...
        
               | colinmhayes wrote:
               | Haha of course he got away with it
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | Remove "most of the time". This narrative that police are
               | boogeymen who will subject you to their emotional whims
               | is so overplayed its not even funny any more. There may
               | be 1 in 100 truly awful police men and women out there,
               | just as their are truly awful people in every known
               | profession. People share a viral, highly edited video on
               | tiktok to make themselves look like the victim only for
               | the entire world to pile on and go "wow yep police bad".
               | 
               | There's a lot that could be improved in our judicial
               | system, but you're not going to identify the areas that
               | need improvement by sharing anecdotes of "Well this one
               | time in Arkansas..."
        
               | sseagull wrote:
               | I generally am in agreement. However there's a
               | complication in my mind.
               | 
               | My dad was a police officer and I grew up around police.
               | It's there's one thing to know about police, it is that
               | they are human, and subject to all the emotions,
               | inconsistencies, and foibles as other humans.
               | 
               | However, they are given an extraordinary amount of power,
               | with very little accountability. Think about what it
               | would take for a regular person (maybe even you) to lose
               | their job. Yet here is an example of an officer, behaving
               | very aggressively, against department policy, causing a
               | major accident and injuring a pregnant woman.
               | 
               | As far as I can tell, he still has his job (although he
               | was "disciplined", and the lawsuit was picked up by the
               | taxpayers).
               | 
               | https://apnews.com/article/lawsuits-arkansas-legal-
               | settlemen...
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | Alright but again, the anecdote of "This one time in
               | Arkansas" can't reasonably be used as a justification for
               | stating "All police are bad and out of control all over
               | the country"
        
               | CogitoCogito wrote:
               | > Alright but again, the anecdote of "This one time in
               | Arkansas" can't reasonably be used as a justification for
               | stating "All police are bad and out of control all over
               | the country"
               | 
               | In this post
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30987681 you wrote:
               | 
               | > ...There may be 1 in 100 truly awful police men and
               | women out there, just as their are truly awful people in
               | every known profession.
               | 
               | Your complaint about others' anecdotes would hold more
               | weight if you weren't just making up statistics.
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | I think it's extremely clear that I'm not trying to
               | portray that exact number as a fact and more as a general
               | portrayment of "most police officers are good, just as
               | most people are good"
        
               | CogitoCogito wrote:
               | > I think it's extremely clear that I'm not trying to
               | portray that exact number as a fact and more as a general
               | portrayment of "most police officers are good, just as
               | most people are good"
               | 
               | That sounds about as useful as the anecdotes in this
               | thread. Police aren't a random sample of the population
               | after all. Even if it's true that most people are good,
               | that doesn't imply most police are.
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | Alright sure, I guess so. Neither of us have any hard
               | data to back up our opinion so I guess it turns into a
               | debate of feelings, which will lead neither of us
               | anywhere.
               | 
               | What I do know is that as of May 2021 there were 665,380
               | police officer employed in the US, and trying to
               | generalize all of them in any way based on a few highly
               | edited videos is absolutely not a valid approach given
               | the standard practices in data science and statistics.
               | Given that the US generalized crime rate is 47.70 per
               | 100,000 it's reasonable to argue that unless there is
               | evidence showing otherwise, police officers also fit
               | roughly into that same distribution and therefore would
               | be "mostly good" (as defined by law), as most people are.
               | 
               | https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes333051.htm
        
               | js2 wrote:
               | Look up the per-capita number of deaths caused by U.S law
               | enforcement officers vs other countries.
               | 
               | Then look up the per-capita number of people put in
               | hospitals by U.S. law enforcement officers vs other
               | countries.
               | 
               | Then look up the consequences U.S. law enforcement
               | officers face when they harm or kill. Also look up their
               | relative training.
               | 
               | Finally look up most dangerous professions and see where
               | law enforcement ranks to get an idea of whether their
               | lives are truly in such danger as to justify their
               | actions.
               | 
               | After looking at this data (and I apologize for not
               | providing citations directly but I'm on mobile), it's
               | hard to avoid forming the opinion that U.S. law
               | enforcement is undertrained, unjustifiably aggressive,
               | protective of bad officers, and unaccountable to the
               | communities it serves.
               | 
               | Anecdotally, I've had more than my fair share of
               | interactions with officers and about 20% of them have
               | been hotheaded jerks.
               | 
               | Oh, I forgot one: look at the domestic abuse numbers for
               | law enforcement officers too.
               | 
               | Edit: here's at least one citation:
               | 
               | https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/how-police-compare-
               | differen...
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | That is not a valid citation, it immediately starts off
               | by illustrating it's own political prejudice. The fact
               | that they don't link directly to their sources is also
               | questionable. They say they use Source:
               | https://www.prisonpolicy.org/data/ (among others) but I
               | don't see any data for some of the numbers they're
               | projecting.
               | 
               | It's also not quite fair to analyze this data without
               | also taking into account the prevalence of violent crime
               | in general at each country in question. Of course a
               | country with more violent crime will result in more
               | violent policing.
               | 
               | I'm not saying that it doesn't make any valid points, but
               | you can literally make any profession or population of
               | people look bad if you cherry pick data-points and
               | provide politically biased commentary while also not
               | explaining co-factors or context.
        
               | matthewdgreen wrote:
               | I think it is entirely reasonable to push for a (much)
               | higher standard of police accountability. The problem is
               | not that all police are bad and out of control, it's that
               | whenever these incidents occur the _leadership_ and
               | police unions institutionally push back forcefully on
               | accountability. This institutional pushback is what makes
               | this into a systemic problem that needs to be addressed.
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | Sure I agree, that is reasonable. Many people try to make
               | the argument that all/most police _are_ bad and out of
               | control, which is what I refute.
        
               | matthewdgreen wrote:
               | Organizational leadership _really matters_. Imagine being
               | a law-abiding person who joins an organization that 's
               | run by organized crime. Most of your colleagues are
               | decent law-abiding people, but a few are thugs. And when
               | those thugs hurt people, leadership pours all its
               | resources into supporting and shielding _them_ from
               | consequences. When you (a law-abiding employee) try to
               | report a thug for misbehavior, your leadership supports
               | the thug over you or even drums you out of the
               | organization.
               | 
               | Do you think this would be a sustainable organization?
               | Should the general population look at a given
               | representative and think "90% probability this is a good
               | person" or should they think "10% probability this person
               | is a violent thug who can hurt or kill me with impunity,
               | and in any group of ten reps one might try to kill me and
               | the others will look the other way?" What is the right
               | way to engage with an organization like that? And over
               | time is this organization going to reform itself, or is
               | it increasingly going to attract bad people and drive
               | away the decent ones?
               | 
               | There's a lot at stake here. Recent anti-accountability
               | political activism by police leadership and union bosses
               | is really scary and counterproductive stuff even if most
               | cops are fundamentally decent.
        
               | PeterisP wrote:
               | The statement there isn't "All police are bad and out of
               | control all over the country" but rather whether you
               | should perceive that possibility as threatening enough to
               | seriously affect your possible actions i.e. whether
               | stopping in a non-dangerous place (as opposed to stopping
               | immediately and staying put) is permissible. And if
               | there's a 1-in-100 chance of a police being unreasonable,
               | then that definitely is a too high of risk.
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | That's fair, I just pulled that number from thin air to
               | try and portray my point. The actual crime stats in the
               | US is 47.7 per 100,000. Unless there's hard evidence to
               | the contrary, it can be assumed that those number also
               | apply roughly to police.
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | > There may be 1 in 100 truly awful police men and women
               | out there, just as their are truly awful people in every
               | known profession.
               | 
               | This feels a bit like Father Ted's defense of the
               | Church's child protection record: "Say if there are 200
               | million priests in the world and five percent are
               | paedophiles. That's still only 10 million."
               | 
               | 1 in 100 would be _far_ too high. Maybe 1 in 100 people
               | are awful in the general population, but ideally you'd
               | hold police to a much higher standard.
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | Yeah fair enough, I just pulled that number from thin air
               | to try and portray my point. The actual crime stats in
               | the US is 47.7 per 100,000. Unless there's hard evidence
               | to the contrary, it can be assumed that those number also
               | apply roughly to police.
        
               | m_fayer wrote:
               | I grew up in the late 90s in NYC, and spent a lot of time
               | hanging out "on the streets".
               | 
               | I think on average, I saw an act of gross police
               | misbehavior about once a month. Sometimes it was quite
               | savage. Always racist. I'm white, but many of my friends
               | weren't. 20 years later I still have intrusive memories
               | of standing by helplessly while terrible things were said
               | and done to my not-white friends, and I still have
               | violent fantasies about those cops getting theirs in
               | kind.
               | 
               | Sure, this was often aimed at young people who may or may
               | not be smoking pot or engaged in other mildly truant
               | behavior. The police were not reacting to the truant
               | behavior. They were targeting the minorly truant young
               | people because they wanted to get their rocks off, and
               | these victims were easily available and had no recourse.
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | I don't doubt your experience but let's not pretend that
               | there haven't been any changes in the past 2 decades.
        
               | m_fayer wrote:
               | What makes you so sure? Even if there's data showing
               | improvement, this would be data from a supremely
               | untrustworthy source with a long history of manipulation
               | and deception.
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | I mean you're making an argument that does nothing to
               | facilitate discussion on the issue. It's basically saying
               | "No it hasn't changed. And if you have evidence or data
               | showing otherwise, it can't be trusted." At the point you
               | refute any provided data or evidence the conversation
               | just devolves into an argument instead of a debate or
               | conversation.
        
               | m_fayer wrote:
               | Discussion isn't what's needed here. It's reconciliation.
               | This is what it looks like when abuse has built up and
               | trust destroyed. The only way to claw back from that is
               | patient humble hat-in-hands dialogue and persistent
               | incremental trust-building measures. I haven't seen
               | anything that looks like that from any major US law
               | enforcement entity.
        
               | marcellus23 wrote:
               | I suggest watching some videos of how police behaved
               | during the protests a couple years ago. The Verge had an
               | excellent compilation. It's hardly one or two bad actors.
               | My personal favorite was the police pulling parents out
               | of a vehicle and beating them while their children
               | watched -- the car was just trying to turn around and get
               | out of the protest area safely.
               | 
               | Your argument might be more valid if these "bad apples"
               | faced appropriate punishment, but they never do.
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | I've seen plenty of those videos, and 9 times out of 10
               | if you're able to find the whole, unedited version of the
               | video the officers actions suddenly seems much more
               | reasonable. Not always, admittedly, but very often.
        
               | mikestew wrote:
               | With that many examples, it should be simple to post just
               | _one_ example to make your point. But unsubstantiated
               | contrarianism typically does not contribute to a
               | conversation.
        
               | MathCodeLove wrote:
               | No one else provided examples nor asked for any. Perhaps
               | you should ask for examples instead of assuming I'm
               | acting out of malice. Here's a link to the full video for
               | probably the most widely recognized case in the history
               | of police brutality, the killing of George Floyd.
               | 
               | Does the context this video provides make the officers
               | actions okay? No, I don't think so. Does it make those
               | actions appear much, much more reasonable than it was
               | made out to be on social media? Absolutely.
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NjKjaCvXdf4
        
               | mikestew wrote:
               | Thanks for the link, it indeed provides context to your
               | comment.
        
               | marcellus23 wrote:
               | > Does the context this video provides make the officers
               | actions okay? No, I don't think so.
               | 
               | I understand and appreciate that social media can (and
               | has) exaggerated things, which you've demonstrated, but I
               | don't see how this demonstrates that police brutality is
               | not a problem, or is an exaggerated problem. Ultimately
               | you agree the police officer's actions were not okay.
               | 
               | The Verge article which I referred to originally:
               | https://www.theverge.com/2020/5/31/21276044/police-
               | violence-...
               | 
               | For example, there were multiple videos showing police
               | cars literally running into protesters, ramming into
               | groups of them. What additional context could ever make
               | that okay? Under what circumstances would that be a
               | reasonable response?
               | 
               | Or as another example, police use tear gas on protesters,
               | even though it's banned in war.
        
           | dgellow wrote:
           | Is it an euphemism for dead? /s
        
             | cdot2 wrote:
             | no but you'd probably be arrested
        
           | nullc wrote:
        
             | solarhoma wrote:
             | A comment like this has no place on HN.
        
               | nullc wrote:
               | I apologize for creating offense.
        
               | JasonFruit wrote:
               | Gallows humor like this always has a place.
        
               | solarhoma wrote:
               | It was a low effort comment. If you want low effort you
               | go to Reddit. HN has made a name for itself as being a
               | place for rational thought with good, honest, and
               | respectable discussion. Just my opinion of the site
               | though.
        
       | cdot2 wrote:
       | "Cruise vehicles are only authorized to drive from 10PM to 6AM,
       | which obviously makes headlights pretty important."
       | 
       | So why rely on the automatic headlights at all? Why not just set
       | the headlights on manually?
        
         | mobilio wrote:
         | In EU there is a law that you should drive with headlight all
         | time.
         | 
         | Old cars drive with low beam, new cars comes with daytime
         | running lights (DRLs).
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daytime_running_lamp#European_...
        
           | usrusr wrote:
           | EU has a regulation requiring new cars to be equipped with
           | DRL capability, that's all. Laws requiring the use of lights
           | in daytime that exist in some countries are completely
           | unrelated to EU.
        
             | mobilio wrote:
             | Actually this is interesting because manufacturers should
             | make same car but equip it with different parts.
             | 
             | Other example is turn signals. On EU they're orange. And
             | when you drive after US imported car here drivers are
             | confused because their turn signals are red. So driver
             | behind don't know does front driver going to stop?
             | 
             | DRL - is few bucks, but it's great improvement of road
             | safety.
        
               | usrusr wrote:
               | > DRL - is few bucks, but it's great improvement of road
               | safety.
               | 
               | Only if you ignore all participants in traffic that don't
               | burn through so much energy that a few watts extra aren't
               | an issue. When drivers get everything they feel they need
               | to see conveniently highlighted, attention will
               | inevitably drop to compensate. They certainly know they
               | need to see more than just cars, but the subconscious
               | level only really cares for threats.
        
           | cdot2 wrote:
           | The US has this law for motorcycles. Maybe we should apply it
           | to driverless cars as well
        
             | BuildTheRobots wrote:
             | I feel the need to point out that whilst permanent
             | headlights make vehicles more visible most of the time, in
             | the most dangerous scenario, they actually make you less
             | visible.
             | 
             | Low sun behind the vehicle, especially if it's a motorbike,
             | makes it very hard to see. If the bike isn't lit up at the
             | front you stand a fighting chance. If it's got the front
             | headlight on then you don't even see the silhouette, you
             | just see bright light surrounding and bright light from the
             | middle.
             | 
             | Motorcycle Action Group in the UK has had to run a handful
             | of "repeal this safety law because it actually makes things
             | more dangerous" campaigns in the last 20 years.
        
             | mobilio wrote:
             | That's an good idea.
             | 
             | Actually few LED lights didn't require too much power and
             | maintenance.
        
             | unnah wrote:
             | Yes, every self-driving car should have a row of LED lights
             | at the front. Also, they should indicate that the AI is
             | actively scanning its environment by switching the LEDs on
             | and off in a regular left-to-right pattern.
        
               | ajsnigrutin wrote:
               | And those lights should be in a vertical row of 8 red
               | lights, going left-to right.
               | 
               | And when the car speaks to the driver and the
               | surroundings, there should be three vertical bar graphs
               | made of red leds to indicate the speech.
               | 
               | There is a good controller for those kinds of lights,
               | named "knight industry two thousand", but i think there
               | is and upgrade to 'three tousand' available too.
        
               | KptMarchewa wrote:
               | And a guy with the flag running in front of the vehicle.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | Symbiote wrote:
           | No, as you have cited, there is a law saying vehicles must be
           | _equipped_ with these lights, but it 's up to national
           | regulations on when they must be used.
           | 
           | See https://trip.studentnews.eu/s/4086/77033-Car-travel-in-
           | Europ... for a list (incomplete, Denmark requires daytime
           | lights.)
        
             | mobilio wrote:
             | Nordic countries are different because even their "days"
             | they sun can be seen 2-3-4 hours.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | During winter at mid-day my lights automatically turned
               | on... Just in simple overcast weather. So it does get bit
               | gloomy at times.
        
               | bryanrasmussen wrote:
               | unless it's summer in which case it can be seen about 19
               | hours.
        
               | mobilio wrote:
               | But even on 19 hours day it's good with daylights.
               | 
               | It's easier to see what vehicle is running/driving or
               | not.
        
           | paulcole wrote:
           | If a law says you should do something, it's not a law it's a
           | suggestion.
        
       | shafyy wrote:
       | How do you pull over an autonomous car? Like, how does it know
       | that it needs to pull over?
        
         | chollida1 wrote:
         | I would assume they have to have it programmed in them to pull
         | over.
         | 
         | They already need to incase of ambulance or fire trucks behind
         | them. That's a day one feature. You see emergency flashing
         | lights you pull over until they pass you.
         | 
         | If they pull over behind you, then that's just a case of lights
         | behind you, pull over and the car remains stopped.
         | 
         | Flashing lights to signal to pull over is one of the most
         | unbreakable of all driving rules, you can't release a self
         | driving car that can't handle that case.
        
         | dojitza1 wrote:
         | Remote override for authorities to stop the car, instruct it to
         | pull over etc. Alternatively, passengers always having access
         | to a pull over when safe button.
        
         | brigade wrote:
         | Same way humans do? It needs to recognize flashing lights and
         | emergency vehicles to obey the law to get out of their way, and
         | from there add code to fully pull over and remain stopped as
         | long as there's a cop car with flashing lights staying behind
         | you.
        
           | adhesive_wombat wrote:
           | I assume it's more complex that that, but I can't see how a
           | driverless car can reliable distinguish between being pulled
           | over and an emergency vehicle is trying to get past on a
           | narrow road.
        
             | boondaburrah wrote:
             | It might not, but the behaviour would be the same, so the
             | effect is achieved.
        
               | adhesive_wombat wrote:
               | No, because on a narrow road, coming to a stop blocks the
               | vehicle behind you.
        
               | ThunderSizzle wrote:
               | If your on a narrow road where you can't safely pull
               | over, you don't stop. You continue until you could safely
               | pull over enough.
               | 
               | Stopping would cause more harm than good if they're
               | actually trying to get around you.
        
               | adhesive_wombat wrote:
               | Sure, I know that, but does a driverless car? All it can
               | see is blue lights right behind it, which could mean
               | "stop right now or we'll shoot you" or "get a move on to
               | the next passing point you can find" depending on context
               | (probably conveyed by the gesticulating of the driver and
               | maybe a loudspeaker).
        
             | brigade wrote:
             | Part of being pulled over is not blocking traffic while
             | stopped, so if there's literally no shoulder/dirt to pull
             | over onto then obviously you continue until there is.
             | 
             | Just like a human driver is legally required to.
        
         | thematrixturtle wrote:
         | _" We work closely with the SFPD on how to interact with our
         | vehicles and have a dedicated phone number for them to call in
         | situations like this."_
         | 
         | And yes, that seems thoroughly impractical at scale.
        
           | asah wrote:
           | Actually, I'd expect driverless cars to rarely get pulled
           | over by police, so in fact this scales fine.
        
           | shafyy wrote:
           | Ok. So I guess the SFPD has been tailing the Cruise car,
           | called the number, and then Cruise personnel made it pull
           | over remotely?
        
             | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
             | If that's the case then it's pretty impractical and double
             | standard vs a human driver who needs to pull over
             | immediately when instructed by the police or face
             | potentially grave consequences if he doesn't immediately
             | comply.
             | 
             | When I'm at the wheel, I can't just tell the cop tailing me
             | "yeah officer, I didn't pull over when you told me to
             | behause you should have called me on my cell to tell me
             | that" lol.
        
               | hericium wrote:
               | > double standard vs a human driver who needs to pull
               | over immediately when instructed by the police or face
               | potentially grave consequences
               | 
               | Especially where Police is so hasty to use their cruisers
               | as weapons[1]
               | 
               | [1] https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2021/06/10/
               | arkansa...
        
               | soco wrote:
               | On an unrelated note: why are the US police cars called
               | "cruisers"? Are they a different category so to say?
        
               | justsomehnguy wrote:
               | The best description is on the first result from search:
               | 
               | > Police cars are called cruisers because that is what
               | they do. They cruise about town, _looking for trouble_ ,
               | and responding to those requiring assistance.
               | 
               | Doubt the original poster meant any irony there, but...
               | 
               | Still, Webster:
               | 
               | > cruiser, noun:
               | 
               | > 1 : a vehicle that _cruises_: such as
               | 
               | > a : squad car
               | 
               | > cruise, verb:
               | 
               | > 1 : to sail about touching at a series of ports
               | 
               | > 4 a : to go about the streets at random but on the
               | lookout for possible developments
               | 
               | So probably it is the origin.
               | 
               | Wonder if there are similar designations in other
               | languages. In my native one the term 'cruise' is
               | restricted only for sail (as in v., 1 definition in
               | Webster), so it could never be applied to a police car
               | roaming the streets.
        
               | dotancohen wrote:
               | > In my native one the term 'cruise' is restricted only
               | for sail
               | 
               | Do you not used a cognate word for "Cruise control" in
               | your language?
               | 
               | In Hebrew "Shait" is used for sail, but also for the idea
               | of cruise control and a cruise missile. I cannot think of
               | any other uses, not even for patrol vehicles.
        
               | dagw wrote:
               | In Swedish at least the 'cruise' when talking about in
               | ships and missiles is the same word, but "cruise control"
               | is a completely different word (literally "speed
               | holder"). You can't "cruise" in you car in Swedish.
        
               | jaclaz wrote:
               | In Italy our police cars are much faster, a police car is
               | usually called "volante" (literally "flying"), the more
               | correct name is "autopattuglia" which is more like
               | "patrol car".
               | 
               | Then we have the two different animal derived names,
               | police cars are "pantere" (panthers) and the Carabinieri
               | ones are "gazzelle" (gazelles).
               | 
               | As well you can't cruise with a car, the cruise control
               | (often untranslated) is a "regolatore di velocita" (speed
               | regulator), but you can actually mantain a "velocita di
               | crociera" (cruise speed) on a vehicle.
        
               | dotancohen wrote:
               | > a police car is usually called "volante" (literally
               | "flying")
               | 
               | Don't all cars driven by Italians do that? I think that
               | I've even seen a Punto with a single poor tire on the
               | pavement once. :)
        
               | jaclaz wrote:
               | No Pinto ever set foot (I mean tire) in Italy AFAICT, I
               | think they weren't ever imported in Europe, but -
               | seriously - I once happened to be overtaken by one of the
               | few Lamborghini's they have, on a highway, I was going
               | (cruising) at a "normal" speed (some 120 kmh) and had
               | this strange "something blue" feeling in the rear mirror
               | and by the time I realized it was the police flashing
               | lights I heard "whoosh" and they were gone. (in some rare
               | cases they use these Lambo's to transport transplant
               | organs when elicopter was not available/couldn't fly)
               | between cities:
               | 
               | https://it.motor1.com/news/457740/lamborghini-huracan-
               | polizi...
        
               | dotancohen wrote:
               | Oops, I corrected "Pinto" to "Punto". For some reason,
               | typing that just feels like it's a dirty word.
        
               | jaclaz wrote:
               | I see, that makes sense now.
        
               | justsomehnguy wrote:
               | > Do you not used a cognate word for "Cruise control" in
               | your language?
               | 
               | It is a literal copy from English here. ESC/ESP and ABS
               | are used or abbreviations or as a full text ones, but
               | they map 1:1 to both English and abbreviated
               | counterparts.
               | 
               | For what it worth I checked how the article "cruise
               | missile" is called in other languages in Wikipedia (well
               | at least ones I could tell).
               | 
               | Most European languages uses a some variation of
               | "cruise", while some European and Slavic languages uses
               | "winged" or even "maneuverable" (Polish). There is a
               | slight correlation between a sea-faring countries and a
               | former Warsaw Pact ones.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | History.
               | 
               | Transporting the verb "cruise" makes more sense circa
               | 1915 when foot and mounted patrols are proportionally
               | more common and the steering wheel interface had just
               | recently been ported over from watercraft.
        
           | em500 wrote:
           | The scalable solution would be that law enforcement will be
           | given a direct override/pull-over button for any driverless
           | car. I expect this to happen in the future if driverless cars
           | reach large volumes. Maybe I haven't thought this through
           | enough, but I can't imagine a circumstance where you would
           | want a driverless car to be able to ignore stopping
           | directions from law enforcement.
        
             | markdown wrote:
             | > I can't imagine a circumstance where you would want a
             | driverless car to be able to ignore stopping directions
             | from law enforcement.
             | 
             | Funny, I can't imagine a circumstance where I would want
             | "law enforcement" to be able to override my directions and
             | take control of my car.
        
               | em500 wrote:
               | Also, we're talking about driverless cars. The scenario
               | is not the police pressing a remote stop button to
               | override your directions, it's to override
               | Cruise/Waymo/Uber's AI or remote control.
               | 
               | This is a serious question, is there some real scenario
               | that hasn't occurred to me, where it's desirable for
               | either Cruise/Waymo/Uber's remote control or the onboard
               | AI to ignore stopping directives from the police?
        
               | markdown wrote:
               | No. I agree with you. I was thinking further down the
               | line, when everyone is in a driverless (optional?) car.
        
               | shubb wrote:
               | Do you want number plates?
               | 
               | Mine have never helped me get anything except for parking
               | fines, but lawmakers decided being able to visually and
               | uniquely identify a car for the purposes of law
               | enforcement was more important than my privacy because it
               | enabled widespread use of this dangerous and strictly
               | regulated machinery.
               | 
               | You can own a car without number plates, you just can't
               | drive it on a public road. Presumably similar with this
               | hypothetical kill switch. Requiring compliance with rules
               | for access to a shared resource doesn't seem that
               | ethically challenging when you think about it.
        
               | em500 wrote:
               | Ok, I'm guessing you're American. I've read that the
               | relationship between the police and the public can be a
               | bit .. antagonistic. And I know that fugitives are
               | disproportionately romanticized in fiction.
               | 
               | But police officers giving you stopping directions are
               | already overriding your directions and taking control of
               | your car, fully backed by law and and force if necessary.
               | Only with a very inefficient implementation.
        
               | bregma wrote:
               | And, like guns, only the police will ever use this weapon
               | and only for the purposes of public good.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | >Ok, I'm guessing you're American. I've read that the
               | relationship between the police and the public can be a
               | bit .. antagonistic. And I know that fugitives are
               | disproportionately romanticized in fiction.
               | 
               | Two can play at this dumb game.
               | 
               | I'm guessing you're European. I've read that the
               | relationship between the police and the public can be a
               | bit .. blindly trusting. And I know that fugitives are
               | disproportionately demonized in fiction.
               | 
               | I'd say you should concern yourself with problems on your
               | side of the ocean and I'll do likewise. But looking at
               | history says that's wishful thinking.
        
             | barry-cotter wrote:
             | Wouldn't it be great to give the government the power to
             | cause a traffic accident for anyone they didn't like?
        
               | boondaburrah wrote:
               | They already can. Police will simply crash your car if
               | they feel like it by using their car.
        
               | ThunderSizzle wrote:
               | That only happens when your running from them. Imagine if
               | we give the DNC a kill switch to every car in America.
               | Place it under as a tax penalty, and you'd have to wait
               | until their audit finished in your favor for them to
               | consider turning your car back on.
        
               | colinmhayes wrote:
               | > That only happens when your running from them.
               | 
               | Except for all the times it's happened when people
               | weren't running from them?
        
               | boondaburrah wrote:
               | It's supposed to only happen when you're running from
               | them (though I think it shouldn't happen then either),
               | but the reality is they will do it if they feel like it.
               | The only thing stopping them is physics. Police are
               | generally not held accountable.
               | 
               | Either that or I could argue we already have a killswitch
               | like that - suspending your license - if I also go along
               | with the idea that the cop won't flip your car when
               | you're not running from them because that's also illegal.
               | 
               | So either we have a world where the system works or where
               | it doesn't, but unfortunately we have both.
        
               | pueblito wrote:
               | Some of us feel that the death of Michael Hastings was a
               | demonstration of exactly that.
        
             | rainbowzootsuit wrote:
             | It's all fun and games until someone else figures out a
             | remote attack on that system.
        
           | bschne wrote:
           | I'm guessing the plan is that once you reach that scale there
           | will be people in the cars?
        
             | thematrixturtle wrote:
             | How can a passenger force a fully autonomous taxi to pull
             | over? And what happens when the passenger is in the
             | driver's seat and the police think they are resisting
             | orders?
        
               | ulimn wrote:
               | I would be certainly terrified if the car didn't pull
               | over and I would see cops chasing me. And all I could do
               | was watch.
        
               | gregoriol wrote:
               | Next thing you hear is shots and glass breaking sounds.
               | Not sure you hear much more though.
        
               | bschne wrote:
               | Pretty sure you'd have some sort of "gracefully pull
               | over" and "hard emergency stop" options in those once
               | they are actually used for passengers? There's other
               | reasons than police stops you would want to have the
               | option.
        
       | timcavel wrote:
        
       | qwertox wrote:
       | How about putting a piece of cloth over a sensor.
        
       | xyzzy21 wrote:
       | The police should have shot the tires out and boxed in the
       | vehicle to stop it from escaping.
        
         | free-malloc wrote:
         | Don't forget pistol whipping the application just because it
         | was written in php.
        
       | noasaservice wrote:
       | A human gets pulled over and gets a ticket.
       | 
       | A bot gets pulled over and the cop acquiesces to the company.
       | 
       | Of course, monied interests dont get tickets. Only us plebes do.
        
       | bmitc wrote:
       | I remain confused on how these cars are allowed on the road. Did
       | they pass a driver's license check? Who's responsible? Who gets
       | the ticket? In this instance, you can see that the car performed
       | a dangerous maneuver by running from the cops, with its lights
       | still off, and crossing an intersection, which is then spun by
       | the company as finding a "safer" spot to pull over at. Even
       | though, it found a spot essentially identical to where it was. It
       | also took off pretty fast.
        
         | ShakataGaNai wrote:
         | > Did they pass a driver's license check?
         | 
         | Yes. That would be the AV permit that the cars operate under.
         | Also as they are programmed to obey all road laws, it's
         | exceedingly unlikely they will cause any moving infractions.
         | 
         | > Who's responsible? Who gets the ticket?
         | 
         | Cruise. Their name is on the AV permit, it's their insurance.
         | 
         | > spot essentially identical to where it was.
         | 
         | Before it was in a lane of traffic next to a parklet, after it
         | was pulled over partially into what looks to be a parking spot.
         | The SFPD officer also was no longer next to the vehicle.
         | 
         | > how these cars are allowed on the road
         | 
         | At the end of the day the argument is that these cars are safer
         | than the average driver. Having spent a lot of time in SF, I've
         | seen a lot of these cruise vehicles moving about. I remember
         | watching them in the early days in the Dogpatch, when an errant
         | cone would end up with them being stuck until manual action was
         | taken. Slowly they got better and smarter.
         | 
         | Yes, it's a hard transitional time. Mistakes may happen, but
         | the same is true for humans. And not all AV technology is the
         | same. Cruise has limited itself a great deal so it doesn't try
         | to take on the entire world at the same time. Just the streets
         | of SF, which are hard enough.
         | 
         | How many Cruise traffic accidents have you read about? How many
         | people injured or killed?
        
           | bmitc wrote:
           | Where do I apply for a permit to reassign culpability for my
           | driving to a corporation?
           | 
           | > At the end of the day the argument is that these cars are
           | safer than the average driver.
           | 
           | The last data I saw said otherwise, and that data was
           | primarily collected in ideal conditions. That has been a few
           | years, but these companies are not forthcoming with their
           | data.
        
             | seanmcdirmid wrote:
             | > Where do I apply for a permit to reassign culpability for
             | my driving to a corporation?
             | 
             | I think this is mandatory in most states and countries, at
             | least for civil liability up to some limit. You can
             | purchase more, of course (and I recommend to do so, given
             | that the minimal liabilities in each state haven't really
             | kept pace with needs).
        
             | feoren wrote:
             | > Where do I apply for a permit to reassign culpability for
             | my driving to a corporation?
             | 
             | Search a jobs aggregator for "Taxi Driver"?
        
           | dogman144 wrote:
           | Isn't OP about a moving infraction it caused, despite its
           | programming?
           | 
           | Arguing the probabilities of an outcome is an engineering-
           | centric approach to selling these cars to the public, and it
           | doesn't land well IMO/in this thread from others.
           | 
           | It makes a false equivalence b/t how we value human agency's
           | role in outcomes, and something other-than-human. Most people
           | seem to prefer the risk outcomes of something I decided, vs.
           | a faceless control system.
        
         | logifail wrote:
         | > Did they pass a driver's license check?
         | 
         | Thought experiment: imagine a particular self-driving algo were
         | to do something that would warrant a human driver getting their
         | driving licence suspended, would that mean all the cars with
         | that same algo would be simultanously suspended, or just that
         | one car?
        
           | flohofwoe wrote:
           | That's easy and obvious: The whole fleet is "grounded" (or at
           | least the self-driving feature disabled) until the bug has
           | been identified and fixed. If you ask me, only a single car
           | misbehaving is actually much more alarming than if the bug
           | manifests in all cars of that type.
        
             | KptMarchewa wrote:
             | >If you ask me, only a single car misbehaving is actually
             | much more alarming than if the bug manifests in all cars of
             | that type.
             | 
             | It's not if it's hardware failure.
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | A hardware failure that puts the vehicle in a semi-
               | functioning, but non-safe condition needs to be
               | investigated, it could be silently lurking in any number
               | of cars.
        
               | eru wrote:
               | Investigated, yes. Grounding the whole fleet? Not
               | necessarily.
               | 
               | It's a cost-benefit trade-off. We don't ground the whole
               | fleet of human drivers, when one of them crashes their
               | car, because the benefit doesn't outweigh the costs. It's
               | not a given that the answer will change that much for
               | self-driving cars. Especially for extremely rare failure
               | modes.
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | Humans all have different versions of the 'driving'
               | software installed, there's no way of identifying which
               | ones will misbehave. If Teslas are malfunctioning, we
               | shouldn't ground Chevy Cruise.
               | 
               | We exist on a spectrum of competence. If a type of car
               | has a widespread issue that unexpectedly gets it into a
               | state where a minimally competent non-impaired person
               | can't operate it safely, that type of car should be
               | pulled from the road. However, because humans are so
               | sloppy (0 human drivers should be the ultimate goal), it
               | is generally assumed that most accidents are caused by
               | us, and so we require a significant accumulation of
               | evidence to take a type of car off the road. Without a
               | human in the loop, what's the unreliable part to point
               | the finger at?
        
               | eru wrote:
               | Well, the obvious incentive with such a rule would then
               | be to install slightly different versions of the software
               | in every vehicle.
               | 
               | (Or perhaps to have separate versions on file, and just
               | load that different version when the first version is
               | grounded.)
               | 
               | > Without a human in the loop, what's the unreliable part
               | to point the finger at?
               | 
               | It's a cost benefit analysis. If the problem is
               | sufficiently rare, it might make more sense to leave the
               | cars running while you investigate. Even human lives
               | aren't infinitely valuable.
               | 
               | Typical traffic engineering in the US assumes a cost of
               | human life of about 6 million USD or so.
        
               | eru wrote:
               | Or a cosmic ray..
        
           | qayxc wrote:
           | That is a very intriguing scenario indeed. Due to the non-
           | deterministic nature of many self-driving systems, I'd reckon
           | a broader investigation would have to follow.
           | 
           | Should that investigation reveal a reproducible behaviour, a
           | recall or general suspension of vehicles running that
           | particular software version would seem like a reasonable
           | response. Otherwise suspending just that one car could be an
           | option.
           | 
           | It's uncharted territory both in terms of the legal system
           | and w.r.t accountability so I guess no one has an answer to
           | that yet.
        
             | pxmpxm wrote:
             | How is it non-deterministic? If you run the same trained
             | model on the same input data, you should arrive at the
             | exactly identical output.
        
               | dahfizz wrote:
               | I think 'chaotic' is the technical term. It is
               | technically deterministic, but the system is
               | incomprehensibly complex and sensitive, such that it may
               | as well be non deterministic / pseudorandom.
               | 
               | You could drive the same car down the same road at the
               | same time tomorrow, and it may behave differently. It
               | makes bugs / edges cases impossible to reproduce and fix.
               | 
               | With a human you can just say "why did you do that? Don't
               | do that." Little fine tuned tweaks to neural nets is not
               | so easy.
        
               | qayxc wrote:
               | > How is it non-deterministic?
               | 
               | It's non-deterministic in a practical sense; you cannot
               | reproduce the exact circumstances that caused a certain
               | behaviour. Maybe a bug flew by one of the cameras at a
               | certain moment, or a pedestrian with certain type of
               | clothing passed by. You get the idea.
        
               | eru wrote:
               | Depends. In principle you can log exactly what data the
               | camera sends to the decision making unit. And you could
               | replay that data.
               | 
               | The camera itself might not be deterministic enough to
               | reproduce the same data with the same beetle, but
               | replaying the log should work.
               | 
               | (Keep the log in a 'black box' on the car, and perhaps
               | only keep the last x hours of data, if necessary.)
               | 
               | I think Waymo already does something like these kinds of
               | replays.
        
               | joshribakoff wrote:
               | what you're referring to is just simulating, at least
               | after the point your modified algorithm does something
               | slightly different in the simulator than the real car did
               | in real life.
        
               | eru wrote:
               | I wondered about the last point, too. But Waymo
               | apparently worked out a satisfactory solution to that.
        
           | hakuseki wrote:
           | It does sound silly at first, but I think suspending the one
           | car is actually a rather elegant solution on several counts.
           | 
           | 1. Easy to implement
           | 
           | 2. Doesn't punish fleet scale (compare: suspending the whole
           | fleet means a fleet that's twice as large would be suspended
           | twice as often)
           | 
           | 3. Punishes the fleet owner in proportion to the frequency of
           | the error
           | 
           | 4. Is exactly correct when the cause is really a hardware
           | problem specific to the car
        
             | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
             | Why would you treat a _software_ problem that 's specific
             | to the car (and, by extension, specific to all cars running
             | the same software version) differently from a _hardware_
             | problem that 's specific to the car?
        
             | bee_rider wrote:
             | The whole fleet should be grounded until the issue is
             | debugged. Without debugging the issue
             | 
             | * It might be a software issue (maybe the cars self-
             | destruct when they encounter a solar eclipse -- silly
             | example, but if the cars malfunction on events which are
             | rare but wide-spread and correlated this could cause an
             | emergency).
             | 
             | * If it is a hardware issue, it must be understood how a
             | hardware failure can put the device in a dangerous, still
             | semi-functional state. If one car was able to get itself
             | pulled over for driving dangerously, then there'd be an
             | unknown number of cars driving themselves dangerously.
             | 
             | * It is good that the fleet is punished disproportionately
             | to the frequency of errors. We shouldn't accept a linear
             | disincentive for putting dangerous vehicles on the road.
        
               | eru wrote:
               | > * It is good that the fleet is punished
               | disproportionately to the frequency of errors. We
               | shouldn't accept a linear disincentive for putting
               | dangerous vehicles on the road.
               | 
               | We already do..
               | 
               | Putting driverless cars to a much higher standard, makes
               | perfect the enemy of the better. Human drivers are not
               | all that great.
        
               | dotnet00 wrote:
               | Yet we sort of do accept a linear disincentive for
               | putting dangerous drivers on the road, worst case we take
               | that driver off the road and very rarely do anything to
               | increase the standard all drivers need to meet such that
               | it would weed out all the drivers that are as bad as or
               | worse than the ones taken off the road.
               | 
               | I think you're letting perfect be the enemy of good. In
               | an ideal world we'd stop everything for debugging.
               | Realistically all we need to have a net benefit right now
               | is for the cars to be safer drivers than human drivers on
               | average. As long as the issue isn't suspected of being
               | intentionally triggered or correlated with some sort of
               | large scale event, the world is still paying less of a
               | cost than now even when not grounding the fleet.
               | 
               | A reasonable compromise would be to require autonomous
               | vehicles moving in especially risky areas like highways
               | to have a human inside with at least a "stop or slow down
               | safely" override. In places where the vehicle would be
               | moving too slowly to cause serious injury we can allow
               | them to be human-less. By defining clear and objective
               | criteria, the decision to ground a fleet becomes much
               | easier to make (particularly for the machine, since you
               | don't need advanced AI to check GPS against a database
               | and apply appropriate speed limiters). If the incident
               | was a serious malfunction of a basic function like
               | ignoring the criteria for human-less operation, the fleet
               | should be grounded. In other cases it wouldn't justify
               | preemptively grounding the entire fleet (but may justify
               | it after the severity of the issue has been assessed,
               | probably by a group independent of the company
               | responsible for the vehicles).
        
             | tiku wrote:
             | But the software "that did the crime" is all the same..
        
               | hakuseki wrote:
               | Yes, and that's why suspending the one car might seem
               | counterintuitive. But that doesn't mean it's a bad
               | solution.
        
               | AvocadoPanic wrote:
               | Can we have lawn darts back if we suspend the darts that
               | maim or kill?
        
               | eru wrote:
               | You can't even have Kinder Surprise..
        
               | FabHK wrote:
               | Just sell guns without any controls whatsoever, and if a
               | gun is used to shoot someone, impound that gun. Problem
               | solved. Right?
        
             | logifail wrote:
             | > suspending the one car is actually a rather elegant
             | solution
             | 
             | If the software in a commercial aircraft were to be found
             | defective, would we really be OK if only the individual
             | aircraft in which the fault manifested itself gets grounded
             | (assuming that aircraft isn't itself already on the ground
             | in thousands of pieces spread all over a hillside...)
             | 
             | Surely the FAA (or international equivalents) would issue
             | an airworthiness directive which would apply to every
             | single example of that specific _type_ of aircraft?
        
               | snovv_crash wrote:
               | It depends. If it's an issue with just that vehicle then
               | yes, you don't ground the whole fleet.
               | 
               | If it's non-safety-critical, then it needs to be fixed
               | asap but nothing gets grounded.
               | 
               | If it's safety critical, then yes, all planes are
               | grounded.
               | 
               | But, I'd argue FAA levels of safety aren't suitable for
               | cars. If a car has an engine failure or even a structural
               | failure, they can usually just stop. Planes don't have
               | that option.
        
               | logifail wrote:
               | > I'd argue FAA levels of safety aren't suitable for
               | cars. If a car has an engine failure or even a structural
               | failure, they can usually just stop. Planes don't have
               | that option.
               | 
               | I had supposed we were thinking primarily about _software
               | faults_ and specifically those relating to the self-
               | driving bit of a self-driving car.
               | 
               | Best case: self-driving car gets lost and is found with
               | flat battery miles from "home" (?)
               | 
               | Worst-case: self-driving car kills cyclist/pedestrian and
               | doesn't even notice or stop.
               | 
               | We should spend some thought on how to handle the latter
               | because it _will_ happen sooner or later. To be blunt: if
               | the algo kills, why wouldn 't you ground the algo (all
               | instances of it)?
        
               | colinmhayes wrote:
               | > if the algo kills, why wouldn't you ground the algo
               | (all instances of it)?
               | 
               | Well 40,000 people in the U.S. die in car crashes every
               | year currently, why do we let people drive?
        
               | eru wrote:
               | I wonder whether that would just lead to people using
               | slightly tweaked variants of the same algorithm branded
               | to be different?
               | 
               | (Of course, you don't want to fork too much, because
               | there's probably a certification per algorithm needed.
               | But it might make sense for Google to officially field a
               | thousand 'different' algorithms, so that a single
               | incident doesn't ground the entire fleet?)
        
               | ocdtrekkie wrote:
               | Engineers often fail to realize you can't cheese a judge
               | and if you try to, the law will come down much, much
               | harder on you.
               | 
               | Either one of two things will be the case with this
               | approach:
               | 
               | 1. The algorithm will be too imperceptibly different to
               | be treated as a different program. Adding some tiny
               | decimals somewhere won't make it unlikely to make the
               | same mistakes, and the entire class of algorithms will be
               | treated as one.
               | 
               | 2. The algorithm will be different enough to make
               | different decisions, which means one program is probably
               | "better" than the other(s) and they'll be taking a bigger
               | risk by deploying cars to the road that are more
               | dangerous than others.
        
               | eru wrote:
               | Judges are human indeed. But things like tax dodges still
               | exist and other loopholes. You just need good enough
               | lawyers to structure things for you.
               | 
               | Your second point would lead to a ban on all but one
               | self-driving car systems, when taken seriously?
        
               | ocdtrekkie wrote:
               | I don't know about that. I do think that if, say, Google
               | operated a spectrum of 1,000 self-driving algorithms, and
               | knew that some were safer than others, a judge would take
               | a very dim view to knowingly deploying less safe cars
               | than others. And even from a business standpoint, it
               | wouldn't be good business to have less safe (aka, higher
               | liability) cars on the road.
        
               | snovv_crash wrote:
               | > To be blunt: if the algo kills, why wouldn't you ground
               | the algo (all instances of it)?
               | 
               | It depends what the alternative is. If it crashes less
               | than humans, then you keep running it despite the flaws.
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | It's unreasonable to expect airliner reliability from
               | self-driving cars when cars driven by humans are accepted
               | despite being 100 times more dangerous.
        
           | alisonkisk wrote:
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | paulcole wrote:
           | Easy. All of the cars with that algo would be simultaneously
           | suspended.
        
           | notatoad wrote:
           | Waymo's marketing would imply they think the whole fleet
           | should be suspended in this case. They call their system the
           | driver, and seem to anthropomorphise it.
           | 
           | But more practically: what could a self-driving car do to get
           | it's licence suspended? Afaik That's a pretty rare punishment
           | outside of two cases: drunk driving or street racing.
        
             | ufmace wrote:
             | It's a rare normal punishment for any single crime. But
             | it's a pretty common escalation for repeated failure to
             | cooperate with the system. A ticket for speeding or running
             | a stop sign might be just a fine. But if you start no-
             | showing your court dates, not making the payments, keep
             | raking up more moving violations without properly resolving
             | any of them, then you might find your license getting
             | suspended.
        
             | toast0 wrote:
             | Many (most?) states have a point based system for
             | suspending licenses based on moving violations. You tend to
             | collect points for things like speeding, failure to follow
             | traffic signals, or illegal turns. Get enough points and
             | your license is suspended for some period. Other states
             | give you a number of points, and you lose points for
             | infractions, get to zero and suspension.
        
         | howunpleasant wrote:
         | > Did they pass a driver's license check?
         | 
         | No
         | 
         | > Who's responsible?
         | 
         | Cruise and their insurance
        
           | sandworm101 wrote:
           | Insurance doesnt pay for crimes. You cannot buy "speeding
           | insurance" to pay your traffic tickets anymore than you can
           | hire someone else to go to jail for you.
        
             | dghughes wrote:
             | >"...anymore than you can hire someone else to go to jail
             | for you." *
             | 
             | * unless you're rich
        
             | kevingadd wrote:
             | The _company_ probably has various kinds of liability
             | insurance that would cover things like lawyer 's fees
        
         | eru wrote:
         | There's laws and regulations for this kind of stuff, and you
         | need to get a permit.
         | 
         | Details depend on location / jurisdiction. Some Googling
         | brought up eg https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/vehicle-industry-
         | services/auto...
        
         | sjmulder wrote:
         | What worries me a little bit is how this can shift blame
         | further on other (more vulnerable) road users once such
         | vehicles become more common, solidifying even stronger the
         | notion that roads are for motor vehicles and for motor vehicles
         | alone.
        
           | eru wrote:
           | I'd say actually less so. As a pedestrian I'd be much more
           | confident stepping in front of a self-driving car, than
           | stepping in front of a human-driven car.
           | 
           | So much so, that I've read about people's fears that self-
           | driving cars will be subject to bullying by pedestrians (and
           | other drivers).
        
             | bmitc wrote:
             | > As a pedestrian I'd be much more confident stepping in
             | front of a self-driving car, than stepping in front of a
             | human-driven car.
             | 
             | Why?
        
         | makeitdouble wrote:
         | In case no one is specifically identified for the infraction,
         | doesn't it come back to the car owner ?
         | 
         | Not in the US, but that's how it would work here for illegal
         | parking or if the driver fled from the cops and the car is
         | never found for instance. Even if the owner doesn't own a
         | driving license, that's just where the buck stops. The owner if
         | of course free to try to shove it somewhere else, but that's on
         | them to make it work.
        
           | brigade wrote:
           | Parking citations attach to the car (as does civil collision
           | liability generally), but moving violations can only be
           | levied against the driver. Which is how some red light camera
           | fines are avoided, if the driver isn't clearly identifiable
           | by the camera.
        
             | pge wrote:
             | In the US, fines for moving violations identified by camera
             | are the responsibility of the car owner, regardless of who
             | was driving at the time of the infraction. The inability to
             | identify the driver just means that the owner is not
             | convicted of a moving violation, but he is stil l
             | financially responsible for the penalty.
        
               | eru wrote:
               | Is that a federal rule, or decided by the states?
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | States.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | This is specific to jurisdiction. Having received a
               | ticket for speeding from an automated camera, they just
               | sent me a picture and told me to pay up or deny that it
               | was me. In Oregon, moving violations attach to drivers
               | only, so if they cannot prove you were driving the car at
               | the time they drop the ticket.
        
             | gambiting wrote:
             | Here in UK it's always the owner of the car who is
             | responsible, unless they can say who was driving the car at
             | the time. If they can't then the fine defaults to them -
             | the assumption being that they are responsible for knowing
             | who is using their vehicle.
             | 
             | In other countries with similar laws(Poland) it has been
             | argued in front of court that it cannot be the owner's
             | responsibility to know who is driving their car at any
             | given point especially if there are multiple people who do
             | that usually - it should be the police's job to establish
             | who they are fining.
        
               | rvnx wrote:
               | It's quite logic and an easy rule to take responsible the
               | driver no matter whether they have a driver assist
               | feature on or not.
               | 
               | Then the driver could sue the manufacturer for any defect
               | or if the manufacturer misled the user into thinking the
               | system was safe and didn't need human attention.
               | 
               | This way, if a system is unreliable, users will start
               | blaming the system and stop using the feature or buying
               | this car. Also, it allows manufacturers to roll-out
               | features faster and learn faster from the real world.
               | 
               | If the manufacturer is directly responsible when driver
               | assist features are engaged, but not the driver, then the
               | manufacturer will get scared to roll anything, and
               | progress will be much slower, and there will be more
               | victims because the drivers think "I don't care, I'm not
               | responsible, it's even better if the auto mode is on,
               | even if less safe, cause I won't be responsible"
        
               | eru wrote:
               | > It's quite logic and an easy rule to take responsible
               | the driver no matter whether they have a driver assist
               | feature on or not.
               | 
               | That doesn't work in general. We'd want kids to be able
               | to use self-driving cars. And really old people, and
               | people without a licence, or who are mentally challenged
               | enough that they don't have legal responsibility.
               | 
               | > If the manufacturer is directly responsible when driver
               | assist features are engaged, but not the driver, then the
               | manufacturer will get scared to roll anything, [...]
               | 
               | Google's Waymo specifically lobbies for getting the legal
               | liability on themselves, not on the driver or owner.
        
               | thfuran wrote:
               | >Also, it allows manufacturers to roll-out features
               | faster and learn faster from the real world.
               | 
               | I don't think that "move fast and break things" is the
               | approach we want for self-driving cars.
        
               | [deleted]
        
       | nkingsy wrote:
       | Just my anecdote, saw a cruise car trying to turn left from the
       | middle lane on Franklin.
       | 
       | Came to a complete stop, bringing traffic to a halt, and waited
       | for the cars on its left to clear out, including anyone who went
       | around, then cautiously moved into the left lane and turned.
       | 
       | Some kind of rude, selfish programming I'd be yelling at a person
       | for.
        
         | AlotOfReading wrote:
         | The intention is for the car to be a very boring, unremarkable
         | driver.
         | 
         | This sort of behavior has been noted before and most incidents
         | were thought to have been fixed by a merge ~6 months ago, but
         | there can always be missed scenarios/interactions. Was this
         | more recent?
        
           | nkingsy wrote:
           | Yes this was march 29th, 12am ish 15 ish blocks south of
           | Lombard
        
             | AlotOfReading wrote:
             | Weird. I'd look into it if I were still at cruise, but
             | alas.
        
         | axg11 wrote:
         | I wonder if Cruise or other AVs have a programmed threshold to
         | "give up"? A human driver in the middle lane might decide to
         | keep driving on and take a different route rather than hold
         | those people up.
        
         | MisterTea wrote:
         | > Some kind of rude, selfish programming I'd be yelling at a
         | person for.
         | 
         | Sounds like an inexperienced or incompetent driver who lacks
         | confidence. Basically, the kind of driver that shouldn't be on
         | the road.
        
           | zip1234 wrote:
           | Perhaps all human drivers are incompetent? In the USA there
           | are 5 million crashes that involve insurance every year.
           | Insurance companies say that someone will get in a crash
           | (however minor) once every ~18 years of driving on average.
        
           | nkingsy wrote:
           | Rereading my comment yeah that's harsh. Not trying to promote
           | road rage though it is kind of fun to generally be loud from
           | the safety of your car when no one can hear you.
        
         | corysama wrote:
         | I have lots of anecdotes of the opposite. Many, many times I've
         | been driving around SF and noted "Hey! That driver had an
         | opportunity to be an ass and instead chose to be a polite,
         | reasonable driver. Ohhhh, it's a Cruise car. That explains it."
         | 9/10 times it's a robot car.
        
       | gothungry wrote:
       | There are _a lot_ of things concerning about these cars driving
       | themselves around the city -- most of which are typically covered
       | in these comment threads -- but here are a few questions that
       | seem relevant to this particular incident:
       | 
       | How are police officers trained to deal with these machines?
       | Hopefully its more than "call this number"; are Cruise support
       | lines required by law to be open when their cars are on the
       | streets? What mechanism to police or city officials have to
       | _control_ these machines? Do they have some interface to put the
       | vehicle in neutral and roll it away? Assuming no, why not? What
       | 's the right protocol if a car gets a flat tire or is driving
       | around with a door open? Would a driverless car by a different
       | manufacture follow all the same protocols?
       | 
       | I'm sure there are clear answers to similar questions -- for
       | example -- for the BART or Muni. It is preposterous that
       | something this significant and potentially dangerous can be
       | deployed on streets in a city with tens of thousands of
       | pedestrians, and no messaging to the public about these details.
        
         | woah wrote:
         | I think they all still have test drivers in them right?
        
         | ra7 wrote:
         | They do outreach programs for local police and fire departments
         | on first responder training and have published relevant
         | materials.
         | 
         | Waymo: https://waymo.com/firstresponders/
         | 
         | Cruise: https://www.getcruise.com/firstresponders
        
       | coldcode wrote:
       | So what would happen if the passenger is arrested by the police
       | for being in a car that refused to stop? I wonder what legal
       | principle could be used to justify this. Involuntary failure to
       | stop? Are there any laws about driverless vehicles and who is
       | responsible for problems?
        
         | MisterTea wrote:
         | Why would they arrest the passenger?
        
         | throwawaylinux wrote:
         | > So what would happen if the passenger is arrested by the
         | police for being in a car that refused to stop?
         | 
         | Just for being in the car? Presumably they would be questioned
         | and released.
         | 
         | > I wonder what legal principle could be used to justify this.
         | 
         | "Probable cause" of having committed a crime is typically the
         | principle I believe.
         | 
         | > Involuntary failure to stop? Are there any laws about
         | driverless vehicles and who is responsible for problems?
         | 
         | I don't know and can't imagine what involuntary failure to stop
         | might be. I'm sure they could fit an existing law to the
         | situation if they suspected the passenger was instructing the
         | car to not stop.
        
       | grapescheesee wrote:
       | Sir, step out of the car please.
       | 
       | I am sorry, I can't do that Dave.
        
         | 4dahalibut wrote:
         | https://slatestarcodex.com/2015/04/21/universal-love-said-th...
        
         | grapescheesee wrote:
         | 'Afraid Mode' coming soon!
        
       | IgorPartola wrote:
       | Being used to riding motorcycles in the US, why are headlights
       | not always on for all vehicles at this point? LED bulbs last a
       | very long time and there is little reason to not have them on
       | during the day. I know, it's much more fun to anthropomorphize
       | the car in this case, but the simple solution is to just hard
       | wire them.
        
         | colinmhayes wrote:
         | I mean they can be pretty annoying on some cars whose
         | manufactures have decided its ok to have the beams right at eye
         | level.
        
         | SnowHill9902 wrote:
         | You may be approaching a check point and be asked to turn off
         | the outside lights.
        
         | bin_bash wrote:
         | Mechanics need to be able to turn them off when they work on
         | them or they'll get blinded. Every car I've driven in the last
         | 10 years seems to have an auto mode though.
         | 
         | I'd be surprised if the Chevy's these are based on don't have
         | an auto mode. It could be that a fuse blew here.
        
           | IgorPartola wrote:
           | I have been working on my vehicles for a while. Removing the
           | fuse or unplugging the lights is stupid easy.
        
             | bin_bash wrote:
             | I don't know how you've come to the conclusion that's a
             | reasonable solution. Wiring harnesses on cars are a pain in
             | the ass and definitely are not heavy duty enough for being
             | removed many times. With a fuse you have to find the fuse
             | box, remove the cover, find _which_ fuse to remove, then
             | pull it out with pliers. It 's far more work than you're
             | implying. Also, this is done every time I take my car in
             | for service whether it's a tire change, oil change, or
             | engine change.
             | 
             | More importantly you need to remember to put it all back
             | together when you return the vehicle--not necessary with a
             | switch.
             | 
             | It seems Canadian vehicles handle both use cases by
             | allowing the vehicle to have the headlights off but only
             | when parked.
        
               | IgorPartola wrote:
               | What are you talking about? Remove plastic cover from
               | fuse box. Remove fuse. Done.
               | 
               | Or open hood. Unplug bulb. Done.
               | 
               | Also most times when you work on a vehicle it is off.
               | 
               | Have you actually had this problem yourself? Or are you
               | doing this on behalf of imaginary other people?
        
           | bee_rider wrote:
           | I bet it is something boring, like a fuse blew, or maybe they
           | still have the auto/manual lights selector even though the
           | car is autonomous, and somebody misconfigured it.
           | 
           | You'd think 'are the lights on' would be a self-check it
           | would perform, though. GM has to know that headlights go out
           | occasionally, right?
        
             | bin_bash wrote:
             | > You'd think 'are the lights on' would be a self-check it
             | would perform, though.
             | 
             | If it wasn't before I would bet it will be soon.
        
           | xutopia wrote:
           | The same cars sold in Canada have the tail and head lights on
           | when it turns dark since September 2021. If the mechanic is
           | scared for their eyes they can just have well lit area to
           | work and the lights will not turn on.
        
             | bin_bash wrote:
             | Let's not be so dismissive of issues for the plebs. You
             | wouldn't want bright lights in your face while trying to
             | work either.
             | 
             | Artificial lights are not very bright in terms of lux, even
             | very bright ones. Headlights need to come on at dusk which
             | is still far brighter than a shop.
             | 
             | It seems Canada thought of this by allowing lights to be
             | disabled when the car is in park.
        
           | beambot wrote:
           | > Mechanics need to be able to turn them off when they work
           | on them
           | 
           | Couldn't you just turn off the car?
        
             | bin_bash wrote:
             | Mechanics need to turn the car on for various reasons like
             | diagnosing problems and verifying things are seated.
        
           | jeffbee wrote:
           | It could also be that some bumbling meat-man clumsily knocked
           | the switch out of the "Auto" position. The Bolt has a truly
           | idiotic headlight switch which always indicates "Auto" even
           | when its been disabled by turning the switch
           | counterclockwise.
           | 
           | In Canada it's programmed to reset to Auto every time the car
           | is started, but not the U.S. model.
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yZlYCSmtD_4
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | > In Canada it's programmed to reset to Auto every time the
             | car is started, but not the U.S. model.
             | 
             | That's a Volt. My Bolt & Camaro (in the US...) also have
             | momentary switches that default to auto, and they both
             | actually default to auto. You can only turn off the
             | headlights until the next time you turn off the car.
        
             | bin_bash wrote:
             | Somehow I thought they would have hooked the selector up to
             | the AI but you're right. This probably just got missed on
             | the checklist when the car went out. That selector also
             | makes it seem highly likely to be missed.
             | 
             | Detailers always turn headlights off. (At least they do for
             | my car.) They probably always turn them off when they come
             | in to be cleaned then need to be turned back on when they
             | go out.
        
         | m463 wrote:
         | What I find annoying is the people whose cars DO have
         | headlights that are automatically "on", yet all the OTHER
         | lighst on the car are off.
         | 
         | It's common to come across one of these cars at night from
         | behind - no visible tail lights, but when you pull up next to
         | them, their headlights are on, yet dim (daytime running
         | lights?).
        
         | DavidPeiffer wrote:
         | Headlights always being on was the biggest thing I noticed when
         | I visited Iceland. It is so much easier to see vehicles even
         | during a sunny day, they simply stand out much more. As a
         | result, I _always_ turn my lights on right after I get into a
         | vehicle.
        
         | _greim_ wrote:
         | > LED bulbs last a very long time
         | 
         | LEDs are a high-end feature even in new cars, never mind all
         | the existing cars on the road.
        
           | IgorPartola wrote:
           | $20 bulbs are widely available on Amazon.
        
             | Saris wrote:
             | They're so poorly designed that they are completely
             | useless. Also 100% illegal to use on road.
        
         | Vladimof wrote:
         | > why are headlights not always on for all vehicles at this
         | point
         | 
         | It's been that way for over 30 years in Canada (since 1989 I
         | think)...
         | 
         | I'd be curious to know how many more replacement headlights
         | they see per car per year
        
         | jillesvangurp wrote:
         | It's been required to do so in some northern European
         | countries. The practical reason there is that dawn and dusk can
         | take many hours during much of the year at higher latitudes
         | thus creating a weird situation where it's not really clear
         | when exactly you should have the lights on or off in exactly
         | the kind of situation where a lot of accidents can happen if
         | you don't have them on.
         | 
         | The simple rule of "always have your lights on" fixes that and
         | it slightly improves visibility even in broad daylight. The
         | only downside would be the increased power usage and the light
         | bulb wearing out sooner. A minor issue a few decades ago when
         | this became normal and a very minor one now that we have LEDs
         | that last a long time without using a lot of power.
         | 
         | My rental bike (a Swapfiets) has the LEDs permanently on; there
         | is no off switch. If you ride it, the lights are on. That's
         | indeed how it should be. I can't think of any good reason to
         | voluntarily reduce my visibility while cycling through
         | potentially lethal traffic.
        
           | lolc wrote:
           | I've gotten so used to lights being on always that I classify
           | cars with lights off as parked. I won't focus on them. I'm
           | very surprised when they move.
           | 
           | It should really be hardwired, because people forget.
        
           | bin_bash wrote:
           | > I can't think of any good reason to voluntarily reduce my
           | visibility while cycling through potentially lethal traffic.
           | 
           | Watch more horror movies and you'll think of some.
        
             | recursive wrote:
             | Rephrase to "any good non-fiction reason".
        
               | Vecr wrote:
               | Probably some special forces/police operations in
               | countries with a reasonable road system. Vans and SUVs
               | are much more convenient than MRAPs or humvees.
        
         | gunapologist99 wrote:
         | It's required in Canada, but in the US, we tend to prefer our
         | freedoms. There are also credible scenarios, say when someone
         | is being stalked, when you would want to keep them off for
         | security reasons; or, if you are parked in front of a house, or
         | pulling into your driveway, perhaps you just don't want them to
         | rake across the front windows and wake your sleeping children
         | up. Many people won't buy a GM vehicle for precisely this
         | reason.
        
           | throwawayboise wrote:
           | When I had a GM car with daytime lights, they would switch
           | off if you applied the parking brake. So a trick is to apply
           | the parking brake enough that the lights go out (happens at
           | the same time the parking brake indicator illuminates on the
           | dash), but not enough to really grab the wheels. Then you can
           | pull into a driveway with the lights off.
        
         | [deleted]
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | fatnoah wrote:
         | I'm also not sure why this is a thing. With all of the various
         | sensors, etc. in cars, there's safeguards to prevent me from
         | typing an address in the GPS while moving, so why can't there
         | be something that turns your headlights on while driving at
         | night above a certain speed.
         | 
         | On Saturday, I drove from NJ to MA and saw 3 vehicles on the
         | highway at night with only daytime running lamps, and one with
         | no lights on whatsoever.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | The Bolt has auto headlights, something malfunctioned.
        
           | swozey wrote:
           | I haven't driven a modern car in a decade or more that didn't
           | have light sensors in the dashboard to know when to
           | automatically turn on lights. They even turn them on when the
           | wipers are engaged. Everytime you go through a tunnel you'll
           | see headlights pop on automatically. My 2009 BMW is the
           | oldest car I have that has auto lights, but it doesn't have
           | wiper sensors.
           | 
           | Older cars? Of course not.
        
             | fatnoah wrote:
             | The problem with auto lights is that they can be turned off
             | or set into other modes that prevent the auto part from
             | working. Throw in drivers who don't seem to notice that
             | their headlights are not or barely illuminating the road
             | and we get what I experienced over the weekend.
             | 
             | Maybe there's hope: https://www.edmunds.com/car-news/make-
             | sure-your-headlights-a...
        
               | jaywalk wrote:
               | My current car (2020 model year) defaults to Auto every
               | time the car is started. I haven't had a car without auto
               | headlights in a very long time, but this is the first one
               | that actually defaults back to Auto.
        
         | aivisol wrote:
         | Many EU countries (especially those on the North) mandate them
         | to be ON at all times when car is moving. The cars sold in
         | those regions have light switch on Auto by default, which you
         | can manually override in both directions.
        
           | ableal wrote:
           | I believe that (having headlights on) was locally required
           | before Daytime Running Lights (DRL) became mandatory in the
           | EU some twelve years ago:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daytime_running_lamp
        
         | post_break wrote:
         | Headlights do burn out. I'd rather not pay $1,000-$2,000 to
         | replace my headlights since they are LED built into the
         | headlight. I'd much rather have auto headlights be mandated.
         | Even that can be a pain in the ass if you have HID bulbs and
         | travel in areas where they turn on and off often reducing the
         | life of them.
         | 
         | https://www.hondapartsnow.com/parts-list/2021-honda-accord--...
        
           | dharmab wrote:
           | Automotive LEDs made by an OEM should not burn out for the
           | life of the vehicle.
        
             | post_break wrote:
             | Should not sure, but I have seen people on the Accord
             | forums complaining about headlight leds being dead, and
             | being shocked at the replacement cost.
        
       | lubujackson wrote:
       | The real surprise here is that SF police pulled over a car at
       | all. Have been here for more than a decade and I can count the
       | times I have seen a car pulled over in SF on one finger -
       | meanwhile, I have seen numerous cars blow through red lights,
       | speeding, U-turns in the middle of the street etc. in front of
       | police with no response.
        
         | pie42000 wrote:
         | Yeah, this was my impression as well. In Chicago you have
         | police actively pulling people over all the time. In SF i have
         | literally not seen a single person pulled over in the year I've
         | been here. For context, in Chicago i would see about 1 per day,
         | and double that in Wisconsin.
        
           | pbrb wrote:
           | In Chicago? Like, in the city proper and not the suburbs?
           | I've lived most of my life in Chicago, and it's basically
           | unheard of to get pulled over for a traffic violation.
           | 
           | Lately, blatant disregard for traffic laws in Chicago has
           | gotten so bad that it's a little terrifying. It's become a
           | common thread on the r/chicago subreddit with regular posts
           | pointing out how bad it's gotten and how police never stop
           | anybody.
           | 
           | Here are two posts from yesterday alone:
           | 
           | https://www.reddit.com/r/chicago/comments/tzyrmn/red_lights_.
           | ..
           | 
           | https://www.reddit.com/r/chicago/comments/u0x3sd/im_getting_.
           | ..
           | 
           | EDIT: Wanted to point this out b/c I think it's a larger
           | problem in general of people not following rules of the road,
           | not isolated to specific cities.
        
           | colinmhayes wrote:
           | > In Chicago you have police actively pulling people over all
           | the time
           | 
           | Lived in Chicago for 25 years, this is pretty much the
           | opposite of my experience. Seems like 90% of the time someone
           | is pulled over here they're being arrested so I don't think
           | it's because of a traffic violation.
        
         | tonywastaken wrote:
         | Yeah this is the real surprise for me as well. How many cars
         | drive around SF with no license plates and the SFPD doesn't do
         | anything about it.
        
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