[HN Gopher] Multicomputation: A Fourth Paradigm for Theoretical ...
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       Multicomputation: A Fourth Paradigm for Theoretical Science (2021)
        
       Author : RafelMri
       Score  : 50 points
       Date   : 2022-04-09 07:07 UTC (15 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (writings.stephenwolfram.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (writings.stephenwolfram.com)
        
       | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
       | I was at a Santa Fe Institute public lecture last month by Sara
       | I. Walker. It was about _a lot_ of things (nominally, how might
       | we recognize life if it is chemically quite different from
       | anything we have on earth). However, somewhere near the middle of
       | the talk, she put up this slide:
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/FnKTwPDsDiU?t=1894
       | 
       | later she put up this slide;
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/vWqVA0s5K3U?t=2649
       | 
       | The connection to Wolfram is made more explicit in the second
       | one, where she lists several ideas as possible "What's Nexts" for
       | theoretical science:                  Assembly Theory / Causal
       | Set Theory / Constructor Theory / Wolfram Physics Project /
       | Complexity Science
       | 
       | I find this exciting in a way that transcends Wolfram's endless
       | self-promotion. It's clear that there is a wave of thinking going
       | on right now that is trying to come up with new fundamental
       | concepts about how the universe has managed to build complex
       | systems. It's possible that none of the ideas are right, and it's
       | even possible that they all are. Either way, physics working
       | harder to try to explain complexity and temporality (including
       | evolution of chemistry and higher level systems) just seems
       | incredibly exciting, and I hope that maybe there will be some
       | breakthroughs before I shuffle off this mortal coil.
        
         | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
         | D'oh. The first link was supposed to be:
         | 
         | https://youtu.be/vWqVA0s5K3U?t=2648
         | 
         | though Olafur is pretty cool too, and the second link was
         | supposed to be:
         | 
         | https://youtu.be/vWqVA0s5K3U?t=3608
        
         | soraki_soladead wrote:
         | The talk on assembly theory was really interesting. Thanks for
         | sharing. I'd be surprised if the idea of causal constraints or
         | quantifying complexity in chemistry was novel. Is it the
         | context of life search that makes novel? Does you know what
         | else it might be called?
         | 
         | (Aside: I think the first link was miscopied?)
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | d--b wrote:
       | So Wolfram defines 4 major breakthroughs in the history og
       | humanity's ability to model nature. The first two are geometry
       | (antiquity) and differential equations (newton). And the other
       | two have been discovered by the man himself!
        
       | throwawaygo wrote:
       | I feel like we're adding graph meta-modeling on top of Tony Hoare
       | CSP. If these graphs were not dags we would be heading into
       | cybernetics. I want to feel like this is novel but can't escape
       | the idea that the boundaries of a multi-way model are arbitrary.
       | 
       | It also seems like a natural next step for automata modeling.
       | 
       | Maybe I am missing the breakthrough.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | skim_milk wrote:
       | I'm far too stupid to understand everything but I keep getting
       | reminded of the Chronon Field Theory when reading. They seem to
       | agree on how gravity forms, that are no masses or particles, only
       | observable "events" and "event density" (for gravity).
       | Observation as interpreting reality, our ability to only measure
       | collapsed wave functions, interpretation of time frames, etc. A
       | "universe" or "system" that is observing itself. Both systems
       | lend themselves well towards understanding the universe and life
       | as just a complex but computable automata. I guess I shouldn't be
       | surprised when different metaphysical systems overlap but there
       | feels like a lot of overlap here.
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8AEEwYcWUuc
        
       | t_mann wrote:
       | There's no denying that Stephen Wolfram is a genius and has
       | probably attained a deeper understanding of nature by age 14 than
       | I will achieve in my lifetime. But still, I can't help but cringe
       | when reading sentences like this:
       | 
       | "Basically starting in the early 1980s, there was a burst of
       | progress based on a new idea (of which, yes, I seem to have
       | ultimately been the primary initiator): the idea of using
       | [cellular automata] as the basis for models of things in nature
       | and elsewhere." (narrator voice: cellular automata were invented
       | and applied to model things in nature and elsewhere before
       | Wolfram was born).
        
         | loudouncodes wrote:
         | This alsp pissed me off. He is totally ignoring Benoit Mandel
         | brot's work in the 1950's and John Conways work in the 1970's.
         | He sounds like a petulent child who takes himself too seriously
         | and expects others do the same. It distracts from an otherwise
         | interesting classification paradigm.
         | 
         | I do not see much difference between his 4th paradigm and a
         | breadth-first search through an np (nondeterministic
         | polynomial) problem. I'd love to know what other mathemeticians
         | that work on dynamical systems (Dr Krieger, anyone?) think of
         | his work...
        
           | t_mann wrote:
           | I may have actually given him a bit too much credit initially
           | (I'll admit, I didn't read the full article). Even if I
           | acknowledge that Wolfram probably knows a lot more graduate-
           | level math than me, sentences like these raise some eyebrows:
           | 
           | "There are regions of 'metamathematical space' (the slices of
           | proof space) that might have higher 'densities of proofs'
           | corresponding to more interconnected fields of mathematics -
           | or more 'metamathematical energy'. And as part of the generic
           | behavior of multicomputational systems we can expect an
           | analog of Einstein's equations, and we can expect that 'proof
           | geodesics' will be 'gravitationally attracted' to regions of
           | higher 'metamathematical energy'. (...) In the presence of
           | large amounts of 'metamathematical energy' there'll
           | effectively be a metamathematical black hole formed. And
           | where there's a 'singularity in metamathematical space'
           | there'll be a whole collection of proof paths that just end--
           | effectively corresponding to a decidable area of
           | mathematics."
           | 
           | Is this for real? Is this a legit mathematical theory that
           | leads to new mathematical discoveries? Are these conjectures
           | that he expects to be rigorously provable? Or are these just
           | ramblings of someone who left the game a long time ago and
           | who thinks that he still 'has it'?
        
             | FrozenVoid wrote:
             | It seems to make sense, if you view that as current math
             | theories treated as "windows" into a space of possible
             | mathematics, like e.g. quantum string theory possibility
             | space(10^500) vs "accepted string theories"
             | https://www.dummies.com/article/academics-the-
             | arts/science/p...
        
             | tinco wrote:
             | Not to give any credence to Wolfram's theories, I'm wholly
             | unqualified, but why not? Mathematics extends all the way
             | into algorithms and complexity. We have already established
             | that for example machine learning could lead to new
             | mathematical discoveries, and machine learning is easily
             | described by math.
             | 
             | Of course whether such a space is in any way practically
             | computable or of a scale that could even reasonably
             | comprehendable to a human being or even to some machine is
             | an unanswered question.
        
               | t_mann wrote:
               | Sure, in principle it's interesting, and I can fathom
               | that statements like these could in principle be
               | provable. This 'graphical' perspective could lead to
               | interesting insights eg in proof theory (I actually
               | wouldn't be surprised if things like that had already
               | been done).
               | 
               | My point was rather: making any statement in modern
               | mathematics is hard. I was wondering how serious he is
               | about formally establishing any insights about his ideas,
               | eg a connection between proof spaces and Einstein's
               | equations (presumably general relativity).
        
             | eximius wrote:
             | Theorising about a structure behind proofs made of an
             | alphabet isnt new - its part of theorems like Godels
             | Incompleteness, etc.
             | 
             | Actually exploring or evaluating objects in this space has
             | always (and continues to be) intractable due to the high
             | complexity and computational power required.
        
           | andrewpolidori wrote:
           | I think a fairer reading of the paragraph isn't that he's
           | claiming to have initiated work in cellular automata as a
           | whole but that he's claiming to have been the initiator of
           | the "burst of productivity" in the 80s.
        
           | whodunnit wrote:
           | The big ego stuff and always needing to feed it with claiming
           | credit for everything reminds me a lot of narcissistic
           | personality disorder, which is caused by childhood emotional
           | abuse, so I think we should just humor his ego and recognize
           | it for what it is, that is be kind and understand what causes
           | that sort of thing, while not letting it distract us from the
           | value of the research he's doing. Intellectually Wolfram is
           | clearly a very intelligent person; emotionally he is
           | underdeveloped.
        
         | JohnHaugeland wrote:
         | It's interesting to try to find inventions by him that aren't
         | presaged
        
         | Qem wrote:
         | After that time when he tried to deny credit for a discovery to
         | an employee, using a NDA, now I always wonder when he claims
         | something if it is truly his work or just misappropriation of
         | other people's ideas. He aims to be a new Newton or Einstein,
         | but may end just as another L'Hopital.
        
           | hadjian wrote:
           | I thought Newton was the ass of math history (e.g. Hooke and
           | Leibnitz feuds). What did L'Hopital do?
        
             | Qem wrote:
             | He was a rich nobleman that tried to pass some discoveries
             | of one of the Bernoulli brothers as his own, in exchange
             | for cold, hard cash. He was partially successful. Despite
             | this fact becoming broadly known in the math world, a
             | important rule in calculus is still known by his name. See
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27H%C3%B4pital%27s_rule
             | and https://people.math.harvard.edu/~knill/teaching/math1a_
             | 2011/...
        
               | codeflo wrote:
               | I guess the name stuck because naming _even more_ things
               | after the Bernoullis would just be too confusing.
        
               | codeflo wrote:
               | "List of things named after members of the Bernoulli
               | family": https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_things_n
               | amed_after_m...
        
           | azeirah wrote:
           | He just kinda sounds like how Edison is represented nowadays.
           | Claims to be popular inventor but is just a bright guy with
           | thousands of equally bright employees doing the other 99% of
           | the innovations.
        
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       (page generated 2022-04-09 23:02 UTC)