[HN Gopher] Waymo begins driverless rides in San Francisco
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Waymo begins driverless rides in San Francisco
        
       Author : ra7
       Score  : 380 points
       Date   : 2022-03-30 14:24 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (blog.waymo.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (blog.waymo.com)
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | AutoX has had driverless taxis in Shenzhen since last year.
       | 
       | Also, this is just driverless rides for Google employees, not
       | everybody.
        
         | redytedy wrote:
         | I have seen this news but have not seen any videos taken by a
         | rider. On the other hand, members of the public have uploaded
         | videos of their experiences in Waymo (Arizona, driverless).
         | 
         | Are you aware of any such video for AutoX?
        
       | robotburrito wrote:
       | I wonder if it'd just be cheaper and easier in the long term to
       | create some sort of track system that the robotic cars could
       | drive on? You could even have one car pull other "dumb" self
       | driving cars that could hold cargo or even more passengers.
       | 
       | Maybe even have them powered by electricity straight from the
       | grid instead of batteries.
        
         | martythemaniak wrote:
         | A good illustration of why autonomous EVs will stop trains in
         | their tracks.
         | 
         | Tracks are expensive, precise and single-purpose. A road is
         | cheap, flexible and multi-purpose. Being tied to the grid means
         | you can't go where you need to get to, only pre-set
         | destinations. And since every train-car can now drive itself,
         | there's no longer a need to tie them together, so instead of 5
         | cars bunched up all at once every 10 minutes, you can get a
         | single car every 2 minutes.
         | 
         | That is, once this tech matures, no new train development will
         | make sense.
        
           | elcomet wrote:
           | A train is much more energy-efficient. Convenience is not the
           | only important factor here.
        
       | moffkalast wrote:
       | Interesting how they seem to keep adding more and more sensors to
       | it. Gotta have redundancy I guess.
        
       | leroman wrote:
       | Have to say, seeing my Auto Pilot graphics with cars "jumping"
       | all over and appearing and disappearing.. (this is not the FSD
       | Beta graphics mind you) compared with what seems like a stable
       | and coherent visualization of the environment, it really makes
       | the difference in my feeling of confidence that it's aware and
       | able to react to the same things I see around me
        
         | cjrp wrote:
         | Does anyone know if the Waymo one looks like that in real-time?
         | It's not just nicely rendered afterwards for the video?
        
           | Honest_Carrot wrote:
           | IIRC correctly in their Waymo videos you can see inside the
           | cabin. Each passenger gets a video feed of that video, so I
           | think it is real-time. Let me find a link.
           | 
           | EDIT: This was posted above for different reasons, but you
           | can see the render is real-time.
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zdKCQKBvH-A&t=401s
        
         | bckr wrote:
         | > it really makes the difference in my feeling of confidence
         | it's aware and able to react to things as a result of being
         | aware to them.
         | 
         | Could you clarify? In which direction does it make a
         | difference?
        
           | darknavi wrote:
           | Seeing a "stable" visualization of what the car sees
           | strengthens your confidence in its ability to perceive the
           | world around the car.
        
             | bckr wrote:
             | yeah I am still confused because in the first part there's
             | jumpy graphics and in the second part there are stable
             | graphics, and I'm not sure if this represents a change over
             | time, or different vehicles, or what
        
               | jhalstead wrote:
               | I believe OP is comparing the visualizations produced by
               | the Auto Pilot system in their Tesla (jumpy) to Waymo's
               | visualizations (stable and coherent).
        
               | bckr wrote:
               | Ah, okay thank you.
        
         | judge2020 wrote:
         | > this is not the FSD Beta graphics mind you
         | 
         | For some reason Tesla still uses old visualization software for
         | non-FSD beta vehicles. This both means objects the system sees
         | aren't on-screen and the interpolation algorithm for making the
         | 3d models look smooth-moving is pretty bad.
        
           | valine wrote:
           | I wonder if its possible that the FSD beta graphics use more
           | power to render. Would be dumb to lower range on all Teslas
           | for what is essentially eye candy. Even on FSD vehicles the
           | visualization reverts when FSD is not engaged.
        
         | coolspot wrote:
         | In reality, cars around you are blinking in and out as they
         | jump between dimensions.
         | 
         | You can't see that with your eyes because brain compensates and
         | smoothes visual experience.
         | 
         | Tesla accurately represents reality.
        
           | valine wrote:
           | That's part of it. Another part of it is that Tesla's
           | computer vision is still a work in progress which introduces
           | unnecessary jitter into the visualization. The good news is
           | that they seem to be making improvements and the jitter is
           | slowly going away.
        
       | tapoxi wrote:
       | When I see one of these cars in South Boston (narrow streets with
       | street parking) during the winter (piles of snow everywhere),
       | I'll believe they're a reality. Until then, they'll remain 90% of
       | the way there.
        
         | wutbrodo wrote:
         | This is a strange perspective. Do you consider subways "not a
         | reality" because small rural towns can't sustain one?
        
           | slingnow wrote:
           | What does whether or not a rural town can sustain a subway
           | have to do with autonomous cars?
           | 
           | Roads currently exist that human beings can currently drive
           | on. If you tell me you have a fully autonomous car, I would
           | expect that to mean it can do everything a human can do on
           | currently existing roads in all conditions that a human being
           | can operate in. This seems entirely reasonable.
           | 
           | This has nothing to do with "sustainability".
        
             | wutbrodo wrote:
             | What does the behavior of current human-operated cars have
             | to do with the value of domain-limited AVs?
             | 
             | Your comment was not "these are not 100% replacement for
             | cars yet", which would obviously be uncontroversial. It was
             | "these are not a reality yet". You've chosen an arbitrary
             | bar for considering these "real", in exactly the same way
             | that serving small rural communities is an arbitrary bar
             | with which to dismiss the real value that subways create.
        
           | the_other wrote:
           | I guess there's a mismatch in some people's understanding of
           | what a driverless car should be.
           | 
           | It sounds like you think "a vehicle that works in a limited
           | set of circumstances" qualifies as a car. As a mode of
           | transport in some areas, I get why that would seem useful.
           | Busses, trams and trains work like that. And subways! I use
           | all those: they're great.
           | 
           | I imagine the GP thinks of cars as "can go almost anywhere
           | with limited immediate infrastructure, even some way off-
           | road". That's how I think of them. I can imagine "driverless
           | cars that operate like 1-5 person taxis in urban areas that
           | have specialised roadways" could show up. But to me, these
           | are not "cars". They don't get me to a party in the woods;
           | they don't let me park up illegally when I need to sleep;
           | they probably don't let me rush an injured person or someone
           | giving birth to prepared to deal with the legal consequences
           | later.. etc.
           | 
           | These things will not be "cars"; they'll be non-mass-public-
           | transit.
        
             | staz wrote:
             | > If an autonomous car don't let me run over someone it's
             | not really a car.
             | 
             | ... do we even need n-gate anymore?
        
             | wutbrodo wrote:
             | > in some people's understanding of what a driverless car
             | should be.
             | 
             | I don't understand at all what you mean by "should". The
             | comment I was responding to said that [whatever this is]
             | "wasn't a reality". This was a top-level comment to the
             | announcement itself, not a response to a comment claiming
             | "well, human-operated cars are officially over". Doing
             | exactly what a current, human-operated car is an
             | irrelevant, arbitrary point of comparison, introduced by
             | the GP comment.
             | 
             | This makes exactly as much sense as saying that the first
             | motor vehicles "weren't a reality" until, like a horse, you
             | could take them on trails, jump over low obstacles, and
             | live in the wilderness with them indefinitely.
             | 
             | That's what I'm pushing back against: it's classic ignorant
             | Luddism to set imaginary bars for new technologies and then
             | insist that the new tech isn't valuable at all on that
             | basis. I know this is super-common, but it's an eternal pet
             | peeve of mine, as I can't help but imagine how much better
             | the world would be without people like this.
        
             | shkkmo wrote:
             | > They don't get me to a party in the woods;
             | 
             | Many cars today have severely limited ability to drive on
             | even rough roads (let alone off-road), that doesn't make
             | them not "cars".
             | 
             | In general, I think the argument you are poorly phrasing
             | the argument you are trying to make.
             | 
             | You seem to be trying to say that until self-driving
             | technology can handle all use cases, you don't want to own
             | a car without human driving controls.
             | 
             | I don't think such exclusively driverless cars will be
             | marketed to consumers for a long time.
             | 
             | What we will see in the nearer is more standard consumer
             | cars with varying ranges of level 4 self driving
             | capabilities. These cars will match every one of your
             | criteria.
        
         | gfodor wrote:
         | I imagine the final standard of skeptics will be that as long
         | as there's any manual driving happening anywhere, autonomous
         | driving hasn't arrived yet.
        
         | efsavage wrote:
         | Boston will certainly be one of the boss levels for AI drivers
         | to try and beat, but even then, there's massive value in them
         | working for even 50% of the roads out there. If my robot car
         | said "I can take you from Rhode Island to Maine, but you're on
         | your own while we're in Suffolk County", it would still be very
         | useful, or it could just avoid the tricky areas and take a
         | longer trip while I sleep!
        
           | thehappypm wrote:
           | Most likely they'll just make sure drivers are available for
           | tricky pickups and drop offs.
        
           | andbberger wrote:
           | people were saying that about SF a few years ago
        
           | acdha wrote:
           | The catch is how contiguous that 50% is: humans are terribly
           | at switching contexts so it'd probably be okay if your car
           | could be fine on, say, a long interstate trip but force you
           | to handle the cities but it'd be a different story if you're
           | zoning out on the highway but every couple miles there's some
           | situation (road work, weather, other drivers, etc.) which it
           | can't handle safely but you're distractedly looking up from
           | Netflix.
        
             | shkkmo wrote:
             | You seem to be conflating level 3 with level 4.
             | 
             | A level 4 car would, by definition, never require you to
             | take over while the vehicle is in motion. This level of
             | automation operates safely with nobody in the driver's
             | seat.
             | 
             | A level 3 car requires a driver to pay full attention and
             | "zoning out" would be unsafe behavior on behalf of the
             | driver. Level 3 is considered by many to be dangerous given
             | the human propensity to zone out despite being responsible.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | If you read more carefully note that this is precisely
               | why I drew that distinction: until you reach the point of
               | level 4 _everywhere_ under _all_ conditions, you are
               | going to have build systems which safely handle that
               | challenge of inconsistent attention. Nobody is anywhere
               | near that consistently high level of performance so there
               | 's an important question about how you can safely
               | implement these systems -- for example, a system which
               | could be level 4 on a well-maintained road might be
               | suitable for a driver-less transit system with a well-
               | defined route even if the fire department are driving
               | their own trucks for decades to come.
               | 
               | One key question here is how you'd handle the cases where
               | the system can't reliably perform at the top level.
               | Consider the scenario I described earlier with a system
               | which was level 4 in reasonable conditions: attempting to
               | switch between full self-driving and human oversight
               | frequently would be a safety hazard but you could
               | probably safely release a system which is, say, L4 for
               | long highway trips where a human driver could take a nap
               | for an hour before having to take control to enter a
               | complex city like Boston where the system would you to
               | treat it as L3 or less for the entire trip during bad
               | storm conditions or construction because it's safer to
               | set the expected level of attention clearly at the
               | beginning of the trip.
        
         | danielmarkbruce wrote:
         | Maybe self driving cars will be so amazing in cities which
         | don't snow that everyone will leave Boston. And then they will
         | be 100% of the way there.
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | This video is just over 10 years old today:
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cdgQpa1pUUE
       | 
       | It shows a waymo/google driverless car driving a multi-mile route
       | on public streets with no supervision.
       | 
       | And today we're seeing... Pretty much the exact same thing!
        
       | xhkkffbf wrote:
       | Has anyone tried this? How did it feel? Did it feel safe?
        
         | redisman wrote:
         | Did it get stuck because of an edge case?
        
         | mcrady wrote:
         | I took a fully autonomous Waymo in phoenix a year ago. Very
         | cool. A little jerky and at one point it said "Figuring this
         | out" but whatever it was got resolved very quickly.
         | 
         | Also, it was a pain to book it. I tried once and there were no
         | vehicles available. I tried a couple days later and it told me
         | I would have to wait a half hour for a ride.
        
       | cwkoss wrote:
       | When a Waymo car negligently kills someone, can the family sue
       | Waymo? Or have their lobbyists carved out some sort of liability
       | exemption?
        
         | abvdasker wrote:
         | In the case of the Uber autonomous car which killed a
         | pedestrian in 2018, Uber reached a settlement with the victim's
         | family and faced no criminal charges (I think the answer to
         | your question is clearly yes). The "driver" behind the wheel of
         | the autonomous car did get charged with negligent homicide in
         | addition to being sued by the family afaik.
        
       | greesil wrote:
       | I was biking in SF the other day, pulling my kid in a bike
       | trailer. A waymo vehicle pulled up behind me while I was waiting
       | for the traffic light. I was pleasantly surprised that it waited
       | for me when the light turned green and didn't run me over. Robot
       | anxiety is real though.
       | 
       | Edit: anxiety also because I wasn't sure it would recognize the
       | bike trailer as a real thing. How many bike trailers end up in
       | the training set?
        
         | imperialdrive wrote:
         | I bike around the city often, mostly at night. In the last week
         | I almost got hit by one turning in front of me, and I watched
         | another blow through a red on 9th and Judah. I've also observed
         | them slowing drivers down with erratic behavior. Now I
         | understand why the sudden uptick in volume, but am predicting
         | it gets locked back down soon bc from what I've seen they have
         | much more to learn. I'm very cautious around them. Good for the
         | company and team behind it tho, it's a good fight to wage.
         | Fingers crossed.
        
         | hirundo wrote:
         | If you were unpleasantly unsurprised to be run over the other
         | day you wouldn't be posting.
        
           | jefftk wrote:
           | It would be massive news, and we would still hear about it.
           | 
           | (There has been one death so far, with Uber behaving super
           | irresponsibly: https://www.jefftk.com/p/uber-self-driving-
           | crash)
        
             | spiderice wrote:
             | It would likely have it's own HN post rather than just a
             | comment, lol
        
           | wutbrodo wrote:
           | This is clearly untrue, given the fact that a biker being run
           | over by an at-fault AV would be national news.
        
           | Geee wrote:
           | Yeah, survival bias.
        
         | snaily wrote:
         | Scania did a neat affordance for this in their (otherwise
         | rather incremental) autonomous AXL concept. A band of LEDs
         | around the vehicle that light up "towards" a pedestrian once
         | the vehicle takes them into account:
         | https://youtu.be/0WN9xvAvEls?t=499
        
         | dilap wrote:
         | It's been about a year now, but I used to skate around the city
         | all the time -- even then I found the self-driving test cars to
         | be way less treacherous than the human-driven ones!
         | 
         | Pulling your kid in a bike trailer in SF is awesome and
         | admirable, but also a little bit crazy :-)
        
         | mikotodomo wrote:
         | Yeah it's funny how human psychology works! We know the
         | rational truth is that the AI drivers are millions of times
         | less likely to run us over than human drivers, but we still
         | can't get rid of the image of evil robots going bezerk from
         | Hollywood movies and the (extremely unlikely) possibility of a
         | malfunction in the back of our minds!
        
           | HWR_14 wrote:
           | I'm not concerned about evil robots. A coordinated cyber
           | attack? People intentionally exploiting bugs in perception?
           | Errors in general?
           | 
           | I think the risk of a malfunction is much higher with a robot
           | than a sober human, and probably most legally intoxicated
           | humans.
           | 
           | I don't base it on Hollywood, but in years of programming
           | experience. Anyway, did you hear about the 737 that crashed
           | due to a software bug last month?
        
           | simondw wrote:
           | I think the problem is that (at least for now), we don't have
           | good mental models of AI drivers and what their failure modes
           | might be.
           | 
           | Dangerous human drivers are likely to be consistently erratic
           | (e.g., drunk), or distracted and oblivious in certain
           | situations (bikes, intersections, lane changes).
           | 
           | For all we know, an AI driver might drive perfectly for three
           | hours, and then accelerate full speed onto the sidewalk.
        
           | bckr wrote:
           | Uh... people have already been killed by autonomous cars. And
           | they're very new. I don't think it's funny/weird at all that
           | someone would be nervous about being in front of one, without
           | an airbag.
        
             | jeffbee wrote:
             | The fact that someone was killed by a car with an Uber
             | computer on board does not mean that people have been
             | killed by autonomous cars. It's easy to draw a bright line
             | between realistic, responsible self-driving tech companies
             | like Cruise and Waymo and the move-fast-kill-people
             | shenanigans of Uber and Tesla. They are really two
             | different categories.
        
               | bckr wrote:
               | Maybe for someone who is paying close attention, or even
               | works in the industry, this distinction can be made.
               | 
               | And that's valid _for now_. That a company has not had a
               | major accident so far does not mean that I 'm not going
               | to be their first victim.
               | 
               | I _love_ the idea of self driving cars.
               | 
               | But they are also really scary.
               | 
               | They're being brought to us by the same industry that
               | gave us
               | 
               | * BSOD
               | 
               | * "why the heck can't I share my screen right now? can
               | you share your screen? yes? well why can't I share my
               | screen?"
               | 
               | * Your account has been terminated for breaking the terms
               | and conditions. You cannot appeal this decision. We are
               | now deleting 4TB of your life's work.
               | 
               | * An attacker has gained access to your email account.
               | Your life is now ruined.
               | 
               | `But they're safer than human drivers!`
               | 
               | So what. They're new, they're capable of killing you,
               | they're brought to you by tech.
               | 
               | They're f'n scary.
               | 
               | Self-driving advocates will do well to acknowledge this
               | rather than being dismissive.
        
               | jeffbee wrote:
               | It's easy to dismiss you because your arguments are
               | nonsense.
               | 
               | Uber's murder car was not autonomous. It was not capable
               | of ever operating without a "safety driver". Therefore it
               | was not an autonomous vehicle. Nor is any Tesla.
               | 
               | Waymo has operated cars with zero humans aboard at
               | various points going back quite a few years. They are
               | legitimate autonomous vehicles.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | > We know the rational truth is that the AI drivers are
           | millions of times less likely to run us over than human
           | drivers
           | 
           | Thank you for a textbook example of begging the question.
        
         | antattack wrote:
         | I would like some kind of visual feedback (maybe countdown
         | timer for how long it has stopped for?) from autonomous car.
         | 
         | Something similar to checking if driver is paying attention and
         | is aware that I'm going to cross in front of their car by
         | looking at direction where driver is looking or a hand gesture.
        
           | SoporificSlip wrote:
           | I remember Ford doing some of this work in a research phase a
           | few years ago (by putting real people in hilarious empty seat
           | costumes). I don't recall anything more recent from the major
           | players and it still feels like a missing component to to
           | having vulnerable road users feel comfortable around
           | autonomous cars. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KqQyYOPPn7w
        
             | wes-k wrote:
             | OMG that is hilarious! How do we I get one of these
             | costumes?
        
           | bckr wrote:
           | I really want this, too. I highly depend on eye contact with
           | other drivers for safety.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | > I would like some kind of visual feedback
           | 
           | Good idea. Maybe the car can turn on an indicator when it has
           | made the decision it is going to move, something that even
           | gives an idea of _where_ it is intending to move.
        
           | kevinventullo wrote:
           | Interesting! Like a higher fidelity turn signal.
        
           | seanmcdirmid wrote:
           | This is a great idea. Disney/Pixar have this figured out, why
           | not turn fiction into reality for a good use case?
        
           | greesil wrote:
           | With a human I try to make eye contact. At least that way if
           | I get run over I know it's intentional :)
           | 
           | Maybe they were on to something with the Jonny Cab mannequin
           | in Total Recall.
        
             | bduerst wrote:
             | Just look directly into the Lidar. That way we'll know when
             | the uprising is close.
        
               | greesil wrote:
               | Do not look directly into the lidar with remaining eye
        
             | Cd00d wrote:
             | How do you achieve this? I feel like _every_ time I 'm
             | crossing the street windshield glare is so severe that I
             | couldn't even be convinced the driver was in their seat.
        
               | noneeeed wrote:
               | This is one of the reasons I wish drivers would stop
               | trying to let me cross the street when they could just
               | drive past. Most of the time I can't see them clearly
               | enough to make eye contact and be sure that they are not
               | just lost/confused (I live in a tourist town with
               | diabolical roads so that's pretty common).
        
               | azinman2 wrote:
               | You could put eyes on the outside of the car.
        
               | greesil wrote:
               | -try-
        
         | ehsankia wrote:
         | They sometimes post videos of situations they deal with,
         | especially around bikers and pedestrians. It's quite impressive
         | how well it handles such cases.
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mWvhw1KCmbo
        
           | yellow_lead wrote:
           | The marketing video vs. the in-the-field video:
           | https://youtu.be/zdKCQKBvH-A?t=833
        
             | ra7 wrote:
             | 500k fully driverless miles in Arizona and this is still
             | the only video where it's actually demonstrated a
             | "failure". That says something.
             | 
             | In fact, the very same channel (JJ Ricks) has a ton of in-
             | the-field Waymo videos where it works exceedingly well.
        
               | darknavi wrote:
               | > That says something.
               | 
               | Perhaps that not everyone records a taxi ride and posts
               | it on YouTube.
        
               | ra7 wrote:
               | That's fair. But a lot of them also just try out Waymo
               | for the cool factor and capture the ride (like myself).
        
               | darknavi wrote:
               | Definitely. I still think it is very impressive, I just
               | think they have probably had a few more "bad rides" than
               | this video.
        
             | DominikPeters wrote:
             | This is a very safe way to fail though, with no vulnerable
             | road users nearby.
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | But at 16:46 it continues on and moves into traffic
               | before once again failing, this time with people having
               | to go into the oncoming turn lane to go around the Waymo
               | vehicle.
        
             | londons_explore wrote:
             | It's notable that most of the failures in that video are
             | human process and communication failures, not failures of
             | the self driving system itself.
             | 
             | It's the kind of thing that could all be fixed in a few
             | days of rehearsals of what to do when cars get into this
             | state. I suspect that the main failure was that rider
             | support had a button to 'pull over', but that the route to
             | pull over was blocked by a cone, so the car failed to pull
             | over, and then rider support seeing the failure probably
             | tried to cancel the pullover (to try again), and it ended
             | up keeping driving.
             | 
             | A simple logic change or even just better
             | training/documentation could have fixed this.
        
           | kilotaras wrote:
           | That is ridiculous intersection. What is the point of bike
           | lane if it's used as turn lane anyway?
        
           | simulate-me wrote:
           | The video contained almost no information. Just a clip of a
           | cyclist cutting in front of a Waymo car and then a cut back
           | to the Waymo employee. It doesn't even show how the car
           | responded.
        
             | phoe18 wrote:
             | I think this blog goes into more detail:
             | https://blog.waymo.com/2021/06/beyond-the-bike-lane.html
        
               | simulate-me wrote:
               | That still doesn't say anything other than "our data
               | includes interactions with cyclists." As far as I can
               | tell, they don't treat cyclists any different than they
               | do other obstacles on the road.
        
               | ehsankia wrote:
               | They do, the model specifically marks cyclist, pedestrian
               | and other obstacles as different, and they discuss how
               | they're modeled differently. Furthermore, they have
               | videos talking about their simulation system, and how
               | they create thousands of "variations" of each scenario,
               | with the "obstacle" doing different things.
        
         | mgraczyk wrote:
         | Waymo and cruise vehicles are much safer for bikes than other
         | drivers in my experience. I've been commuting by bike in SF for
         | years, have a near miss every few days but never even close
         | with a waymo vehicle. Every single time I've been hit has been
         | a door, another bike, or a taxi. Taxi drivers in SF seem to see
         | themselves as natural predators for bicycles.
        
         | screye wrote:
         | Waymo has taken a responsible approach to self-driving (level 5
         | only, Lidar) over Tesla's collateral reduction approach. Lidar
         | gives you exact distance to obstacles around it. Given those 2
         | factors, I expect Waymo to have an inbuilt hard-stop for when
         | it is on collision course inside of braking distance.
         | 
         | I expect it to be friendlier to bikers and pedestrians than
         | human drivers.
         | 
         | As a biker, most of close calls are due to impatient drivers
         | who try to overtake me through close calls and when they enter
         | turns without looking first. AFAIK, Self-driving cars do not
         | initiate same-lane overtakes and can be hardcoded to be
         | paragons of patience.
         | 
         | With how hostile American drivers are towards bikers, self-
         | driving cars would need Skynet-esque malice towards us to match
         | those injury rates.
        
           | tigershark wrote:
           | Waymo is level 4, not level 5, and if I remember correctly
           | the CEO said that it won't be level 5 for decades.
        
         | kfarr wrote:
         | Yeah same experiences here, already feeling like robot cars are
         | much safer for cyclists and pedestrians than aggressive humans
        
           | NegativeLatency wrote:
           | I'd trust a waymo more than a tesla though
        
             | ajross wrote:
             | Tesla FSD beta has something like three orders of magnitude
             | more miles driven under full autonomy now, almost all of it
             | by non-corporate users free to post whatever mistakes or
             | mishaps they can find.
             | 
             | Waymo has one (now two) heavily geofenced service areas
             | with a few dozen cars. It won't take highways. It won't
             | enter certain intersections or transit certain
             | neighborhoods.
             | 
             | Just recognize that there's some level of cherry-picking
             | error in this kind of analysis. FSD beta and Waymo both
             | make mistakes (mine curbed a tire once, there's the now-
             | famous video of the car hitting the plastic bollard in San
             | Jose, etc...), but you're going to see _far_ more of those
             | from one system than the other.
        
               | ra7 wrote:
               | > Tesla FSD beta has something like three orders of
               | magnitude more miles driven under full autonomy now
               | 
               | Wait. "Keep your hands on the wheel" drives are NOT fully
               | autonomous. By definition.
        
               | hiddencost wrote:
               | Glad to see this is getting thoroughly downvoted.
               | 
               | -> Tesla is actively killing people. -> Tesla has much
               | higher rate of requiring driver intervention, and mostly
               | drives in safer environments.
               | 
               | I really struggle w/ how to communicate to non-industry
               | people how deeply wrong-misleading the Tesla pitch is.
        
               | NegativeLatency wrote:
               | > Waymo has one (now two) heavily geofenced service areas
               | with a few dozen cars. It won't take highways. It won't
               | enter certain intersections or transit certain
               | neighborhoods.
               | 
               | Literally this is why I trust it more, the people running
               | the company are willing to realistically evaluate the
               | limitations of their systems and act responsibly
        
             | judge2020 wrote:
             | The Tesla pedestrian AEB systems (and those on any vehicle
             | made in the last 5 years) are pretty good regardless.
        
             | kfarr wrote:
             | Totes. "self driving" Teslas are downright scary for
             | cyclists
        
               | bduerst wrote:
               | Tesla self driving is scary for _everyone_. There 's more
               | than just a few crashes and concerns regarding it's
               | capabilities:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Autopilot#Safety_conc
               | ern...
        
         | omnicognate wrote:
         | I wonder what the stats are on those bike trailers. I see
         | people using them in traffic and they look plain terrifying: a
         | child dangling out in a flimsy canvas pod behind the cyclists's
         | back, too low for drivers to see when close, surrounded by
         | vehicle wheels... yikes.
        
           | cjrp wrote:
           | There shouldn't be anything inherently dangerous about them,
           | a car shouldn't be getting that close to the back of a
           | bicycle really. I've seen some that have a tall flag-like
           | thing, I guess that's to help show that there's something
           | behind the bicycle
        
             | yupper32 wrote:
             | Most people I know who regularly bike in SF (for commuting
             | at least), have been hit by a car in some capacity.
             | 
             | I have no idea why parents use those bike with the kids in
             | the back. Why not just use a car? It's not even like those
             | bikes are particularly cheap. The ones I see sell for
             | thousands of dollars.
        
             | omnicognate wrote:
             | Shouldn't doesn't mean doesn't. Seems to me that common
             | sense suggests they're pretty dangerous to use in traffic,
             | but I'm not claiming that is actually the case. I'm just
             | wondering what the stats are - the only real way to know.
             | 
             | For context, I live in a major city. I've seen people
             | pulling these things round busy multi-lane roundabouts and
             | the like.
        
               | r0m4n0 wrote:
               | Agreed...
               | 
               | I was thinking about this other day with my 4 month old.
               | We were looking at four or so houses to purchase with a
               | real estate agent. We were having to load her in and out
               | of her car seat in the car repeatedly which is not fun
               | (she cries when you set her in the thing). One of the
               | houses was 1/2 a mile or so away and it crossed my mind
               | that I could just hold her in the back seat while we
               | coast through a few intersections. I then pictured the
               | outcome of a minor accident and decided that it was worth
               | the additional effort to ensure that my kid wouldn't be
               | ejected.
               | 
               | Everything we do is a risk calculation and some people
               | have decided that the risk is worth the convenience or
               | cost.
               | 
               | I suppose my thought was illegal while toting your child
               | around in a bike trailer isn't so there is that factor
               | too...
               | 
               | Those kid trailers seem very dangerous, I ride my bike in
               | cities all the time (NYC and SF) and get very close to
               | reckless drivers. I have to imagine being a passenger in
               | a bike trailer, in a city, is quite a risk
        
               | bckr wrote:
               | Many people seem really careless with their children on
               | the road. Another example is walking out into a crosswalk
               | with a stroller without looking both ways. Yes, it's my
               | responsibility to slow down. But for god's sake don't
               | assume I'm going to!
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Those aren't strollers they are traffic testers.
        
               | tokai wrote:
               | The most common accident from biking is falling. Much of
               | the danger of falls are removed for a child in a proper
               | bike trailer. With a flag and reflectors helping
               | visibility my intuition tells me that it is much safer
               | for children in trailers. Safer than riding their own
               | bike or with a child seat on the adults bike.
        
             | mdoms wrote:
             | It must feel very gratifying to be able to say, "hey, you
             | shouldn't have done that" after a driver crushes your child
             | into a paste. Never rely on what drivers "should" or
             | "shouldn't" do.
        
           | greesil wrote:
           | There's a subset of cyclists that don't seem to have fear.
           | Not me though. When I take by kiddo of out I'm very careful
           | with route planning. They're harder to see because they're
           | lower down, but the kid literally can't fall out of it if I
           | take a fall. That, and it effectively has a roll cage.
        
           | gruturo wrote:
           | In Germany many bike trailers have a small brightly colored
           | flag on top, so there's an object in your field of view even
           | if it's very close to your car.
        
           | asdff wrote:
           | The stats are that probably hardly anything happens with
           | them. Dying on a bike is extraordinarily rare in the first
           | place. For example in my city of some 4 million, 30 people on
           | bikes die a year which seems like such small odds.
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | Merely because so few people bike in a commuter/traffic
             | heavy setting.
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | I decided to go ahead and do some ballpark math. about 2%
               | of my city bikes to work:
               | 
               | 36/80,000 = 0.00045
               | 
               | 80% drive a car and about 250 die a year:
               | 
               | 250/3200000 = 0.000078125
               | 
               | So its not quite a full order of magnitude more
               | dangerous, but either way I'd say your odds are pretty
               | low in either case. Even lower if you choose to bike
               | safely, such as taking less busy residential streets vs
               | commercial arteries or even opting for the sidewalk on
               | those busy arteries, wearing helmets and using lights,
               | using defensive bike strategies like avoiding lefts in
               | favor of utilizing a perpendicular street, not being
               | drunk, etc. I bet out of those 36 deaths in my city, none
               | took place on like a 25mph residential street.
        
       | 29athrowaway wrote:
       | So basically all the leverage that truck drivers had collectively
       | will vanish over night.
        
       | Taylor_OD wrote:
       | Does anyone know what Waymo is doing in Phoenix? I saw a lot of
       | there cars there but they were always being driven by someone in
       | the driver seat (Jan-Feb 2022). They say they are driverless
       | there but I never saw it and probably saw 500 Waymo cars/Waymo
       | cars 500 times while there.
        
         | jseliger wrote:
         | Waymo has a relatively small service area in Chandler, Mesa,
         | and a very small section of Tempe. The first two are
         | essentially Phoenix suburbs. Waymo doesn't reach some of the
         | areas that would seem to be particularly useful: light rail
         | stops (the Phoenix area now has about 20 miles of light rail:
         | see the map tab at https://www.valleymetro.org/maps-
         | schedules/rail), or Arizona State University in Tempe, or some
         | of the party/bar districts (like Mill Avenue in Tempe).
         | 
         | I live in the Phoenix area and have wanted to try Waymo, but,
         | sadly, it doesn't go anywhere useful for me.
        
           | ra7 wrote:
           | This blog post is also announcing their expansion to Phoenix
           | downtown.
        
           | Taylor_OD wrote:
           | Oh got it. Okay. That makes sense. Thanks.
        
       | Traster wrote:
       | >Just as we've done before, we'll start with Waymo employees
       | hailing trips with autonomous specialists behind the wheel,
       | 
       | Ok. I tell you what, I've got an innovative idea. You see, these
       | "autonomous specialists". They sound expensive, right? Got to be
       | trained not just to drive, but to debug the computer, to have
       | higher concentration levels to mitigate the inevitable higher
       | risk of sudden interventions. So what you do - and stay with me
       | now - you strip _out_ the autonomous tech and just replace it
       | with a steering wheel. All of a sudden you no longer need these
       | useless  "autonomous specialists" and anyone could drive it. It's
       | a billion dollar idea, I guarantee it!
        
       | throw7 wrote:
       | Is this really "fully autonomous"? I get the feeling the driver
       | (the one with the legal liability) is watching from a remote
       | terminal back at waymo hq.
        
         | ra7 wrote:
         | It's fully autonomous. They can't "joystick" the car from a
         | remote terminal.
        
           | tinybrotosaurus wrote:
           | Could you show me the control stack source code to prove
           | that? Ah yes, you can't.
        
             | ra7 wrote:
             | You can choose to believe Waymo (and all other SDCs who say
             | the same) or not. No one's going to show you source code on
             | an internet forum.
        
         | qgin wrote:
         | There's no remote driver. There are people at a remote center
         | that can add labels to scenes if the computer doesn't have
         | enough confidence to proceed. One the computer has enough
         | information to start planning again, it resumes driving.
        
       | spikels wrote:
       | How do you actually get a Waymo ride in SF?
        
       | scoofy wrote:
       | CTRL + F: rain
       | 
       | As far as I know, they still don't/won't drive in the rain, and
       | they operate safely _and slowly_. I want to believe this thing is
       | moving forward, but I 'm skeptical about building a marketplace
       | where the service is unavailable exactly when demand is highest.
       | It creates conflicts of interest, that at best, encourage actors
       | to take risks that can undermine the entire industry.
        
       | idreyn wrote:
       | Glad to see they never exceed 20 mph in this video. If AVs can
       | stick to city speeds that prioritize pedestrian safety over
       | travel time, they'll have a huge head start over human drivers in
       | safety and "human decency" metrics. Hopefully have a traffic
       | calming effect on the rest of us, too.
        
       | wanderr wrote:
       | The graphic showing the platforms from Austin to SF shows a
       | disturbing trend of these autonomous platforms getting bigger,
       | and therefore more dangerous for those of us on the outside of
       | these vehicles. I would love to see regulations capping the size
       | and speed of these autonomous platforms to minimize the danger to
       | the public. Sure, eventually they might be proven to be safer
       | than having humans behind the wheel, and then we can consider
       | relaxing those regulations, but even then perhaps the standards
       | should be higher, since they are likely to increase the overall
       | number of cars on the road significantly - traffic will not
       | discourage people from driving as much, if they are not in fact
       | driving. (FWIW, I would love love love to never have to drive
       | again. I just want us to take a measured approach to getting
       | there for safety.)
        
       | moritonal wrote:
       | I know we'll have driverless cars within ten-years, and I know
       | there will be benefits, but has any government yet started
       | planning for the relatively near-instant transformation of the
       | Trucker and Taxi industry once this "works"?
       | 
       | The fall-out is going to be intense:
       | 
       | * Fuel-stops are going to change completely, what's the point of
       | half of the motels on long-haul drives when your car can drive
       | all night and likely recharge automatically at a stop-point.
       | 
       | * Reduced downtime on goods movement will impact uptime in every
       | other industry.
       | 
       | * Autonomous-vehicle-only lanes that line up with traffic timings
       | creating a two-tier driving experience
       | 
       | * Huge influx of unemployed drivers who I guess might get
       | "chauffeur" style jobs.
       | 
       | * Security issues, complex legal issues when there's accidents.
       | 
       | * Fake taxi's that drive a customer into a bad experience for
       | "lols".
       | 
       | I know all this is extreme, but if history is studying the past
       | to understand the present, science-fiction is studying the
       | "future" to predict the problems of tomorrow.
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | Assuming it will indeed happen (which I'm not yet convinced of)
         | you can add these:
         | 
         | * cars sent to pick up stuff without drivers
         | 
         | * kids sent to school with the car to circle back and pick up
         | the parents afterwards
         | 
         | * cars doing the minimum to stay 'in traffic' to avoid paying
         | high fees for parking
         | 
         | * far more miles per car because the biggest limiting factor
         | (the presence of a driver) will wall away
         | 
         | * huge CO2 impact (negative) from all these extra miles
        
           | Zigurd wrote:
           | There are a lot of countervailing trends, some directly the
           | opposite of what is predicted here: Delivery, not pickup, for
           | example. Right-sized shared vehicles with surge capacity
           | instead of "orbiting" private cars. Smaller-lighter vehicles
           | as the need for crashworthy vehicles declines. More use of
           | bicycles as roads become safer for cyclists.
           | 
           | Overall, automated road vehicles are a huge boon.
        
           | vidarh wrote:
           | A lot of places have looked at taxation by miles travelled,
           | and that would address a lot of those. For places with high
           | fuel taxes today this is particularly attractive with the
           | transition towards electric cars.
        
           | seanmcdirmid wrote:
           | Most of the self driving cars should be fleet, so I doubt any
           | of these specifically will occur. It will be more like having
           | cheap reliable taxis around, and anyone who has lived in a
           | cheaper country (like China) might understand that.
           | 
           | Coupled with electrification going on at the same time (many
           | countries and states have set 2030 or 2035 deadlines), the
           | CO2 impact won't be as bad, although we should still focus on
           | public mass transit.
        
           | snek_case wrote:
           | I think the cars picking up things/people without drivers
           | could be the worst part. Imagine being driven in a taxi, and
           | about half of the vehicles around you have nobody in them. I
           | suppose it's not inherently wasteful since you never really
           | needed to be in the car to go pick something up. However, if
           | the price of delivering something by car decreases a lot, the
           | volume of deliveries will increase a lot too.
        
           | ctoth wrote:
           | > kids sent to school with the car to circle back and pick up
           | the parents afterwards
           | 
           | Isn't this backwards? Why should kids have to go earlier than
           | parents if the parents don't need to drop them off before
           | work?
           | 
           | > huge CO2 impact (negative) from all these extra miles
           | 
           | Won't most automated vehicles be electric?
        
             | abecedarius wrote:
             | Also:
             | 
             | - Mass transit is full of big heavy vehicles running mostly
             | empty on off-peak hours. It's more efficient only at rush
             | hour. I'd expect net efficiency over the full usage is
             | worse, compared to electric cars.
             | 
             | - As they start making custom robocar hardware, it'll
             | become a mix probably including smaller lighter single-
             | occupancy cars.
             | 
             | - Mass transit ought to become much more useful and
             | attractive given on-demand robocar rides to and from your
             | station.
             | 
             | - (Added:) Congestion pricing becomes more doable for cars
             | that are already networked for other reasons. Congestion
             | pricing is the obvious approach to really solving
             | congestion.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | > Mass transit is full of big heavy vehicles running
               | mostly empty on off-peak hours. It's more efficient only
               | at rush hour. I'd expect net efficiency over the full
               | usage is worse, compared to electric cars.
               | 
               | That is really only true in the states right? In other
               | countries with decent mass transit systems, it seems like
               | they are really full during rush hour but only mostly
               | full at other times, utilization is very good. American
               | systems seem to be dysfunctional...probably because cars
               | are more convenient for off peak travel. I can see how
               | door-to-door automated vans or even taxis could fill in
               | off peak travel here, while the big vehicles serve mostly
               | peak demand (in the states, elsewhere it isn't as
               | needed).
        
               | abecedarius wrote:
               | Yeah, I looked up this overview
               | https://www.templetons.com/brad/transit-myth.html and it
               | agrees there's a difference from European/Asian systems.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | > Isn't this backwards? Why should kids have to go earlier
             | than parents if the parents don't need to drop them off
             | before work?
             | 
             | Because in most places school starts before work starts,
             | this has always been the case, even in places where people
             | don't have cars, and not everybody has a car in places
             | where most people do.
             | 
             | > Won't most automated vehicles be electric?
             | 
             | Yes, but that doesn't automatically mean all that power is
             | made with renewables.
        
               | bduerst wrote:
               | >Yes, but that doesn't automatically mean all that power
               | is made with renewables.
               | 
               | Electric vehicles are consistently more carbon efficient
               | than individual combustion engines, except for specific
               | outlier instances in developing countries which are 100%
               | dirty coal power grids.
               | 
               | This means a fleet of electric vehicles will have less of
               | a carbon impact per mile than the average human driven
               | vehicle.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | This is true in the case where you compare a fleet of
               | electric vehicles with the same size fleet of combustion
               | based vehicles.
               | 
               | But that's an entirely different subject. We are simply
               | looking at the effect on the total number of miles driven
               | here, which will absolutely explode once driverless
               | vehicles are a reality. And those KWh will have to come
               | from somewhere and they _will_ have a carbon footprint
               | even when they are entirely made with renewables.
               | 
               | The solution to this is to drive substantially less not
               | to drive more with cleaner vehicles.
        
           | lkbm wrote:
           | On the other hand, if I were creating a fleet of self-driving
           | taxis, and I could choose between 50mpg cars or 20mpg
           | trucks/SUVs, I'd use 90% the former.
           | 
           | People buying personal cars at the moment tend to choose the
           | latter: https://www.edmunds.com/most-popular-cars/
        
             | tracker1 wrote:
             | Better even... Delivery "cars" could be roughly the size of
             | smart cars, with just a relatively big storage cabin.
        
           | HWR_14 wrote:
           | > * kids sent to school with the car to circle back and pick
           | up the parents afterwards
           | 
           | Only if the parents are WFH and going to lunch. School starts
           | too early already.
        
             | seanmcdirmid wrote:
             | Sending your kid by themselves in a taxi isn't an uncommon
             | thing in China. I can't imagine that changing much with
             | self driving cars, but I understand the American
             | perspective isn't already used to such things.
        
           | Seattle3503 wrote:
           | > * cars doing the minimum to stay 'in traffic' to avoid
           | paying high fees for parking
           | 
           | > * far more miles per car because the biggest limiting
           | factor (the presence of a driver) will wall away
           | 
           | > * huge CO2 impact (negative) from all these extra miles
           | 
           | These are all very important. Most cars on the road are
           | single occupancy. Once we can have zero occupancy the problem
           | will only get worse.
        
             | bduerst wrote:
             | Wouldn't it be the other way, through fleet network
             | effects?
             | 
             | For example, your fleet of low- or zero-emission vehicles
             | would greatly offset the average vehicles that people would
             | have been using instead.
             | 
             | Also, zero occupancy vehicles never have to drive around
             | looking for parking near their destination. They are
             | immediately reusable or could go to an out-of-the-way pool.
        
         | scotuswroteus wrote:
         | The existing government doesn't plan for that. Candidates for
         | office and thinktanks do, and then when the threat
         | materializes, they run for power, take over, and make a change.
         | On the one wing, there are gonna be AOC types who say Green
         | News Jobs is the play. In the center, you'll have the Yang Gang
         | types who call for a UBI program that isn't paid for with
         | carbon taxes. On the other wing, you'll have folks who say it's
         | time to annex Greenland and mobilize paramilitaries. So we'll
         | see
        
         | woah wrote:
         | Not even joking, with enough time I'm pretty sure you could
         | find an HN post from 2012 saying the same exact thing.
         | 
         | EDIT: Actually it was very quick and easy:
         | https://hn.algolia.com/?dateEnd=1419897600&dateRange=custom&...
        
         | StanislavPetrov wrote:
         | We'll have flying cars before driverless cars.
        
         | jillesvangurp wrote:
         | There's no need. This transition will be slow. A few cities
         | first with a limited number of cars. And then it grows
         | organically and probably initially quite slowly. It would take
         | many years to upgrade all taxis world wide. The production
         | capacity to produce the vehicles simply does not exist yet.
         | 
         | So, the grid won't collapse. Drivers won't starve overnight.
         | Legal issues will sort themselves out as early adopters
         | encounter them, etc. Plenty of time for everybody to adapt.
        
           | greggman3 wrote:
           | I think when it really works it will be more like the
           | transition from feature phones to smart phones. very very
           | quick. If they actually work it's just too compelling.
           | 
           | Further, I expect the number of cars on the road to go way up
           | because suddenly so many more people can use a car. For
           | example, every one without a license. Kids, elderly,
           | disabled. I also suspect it means there will be lots more
           | long distance drives as suddenly it becomes "hey, wanna go to
           | this place 3 hours away, we can play games and drink while
           | the car drives us"
           | 
           | I'd certainly consider visiting my family 9hrs drive away
           | more often if Friday at say 12am I could just climb in the
           | backseat and go to sleep and arrive at 8am vs having to drive
           | myself (usually 7am to 4pm)
        
             | wiremine wrote:
             | > I think when it really works it will be more like the
             | transition from feature phones to smart phones. very very
             | quick. If they actually work it's just too compelling.
             | 
             | The definition of "very very quick" is important here. The
             | smart phone adoption took over a decade. to get to 80+%.
             | [1]
             | 
             | Cars are much more expensive than phones, and last longer.
             | The average age for a car in the US is 11.5 years [2] and
             | people replace their cars between 5 and 7 years. [3] And my
             | guess is self-driving technology will be used at the top-
             | end of the market, and slowly trickle down. This is similar
             | to pretty much any consumer technology: the technology
             | starts off as a premium and becomes a commodity over a
             | longer period if time.
             | 
             | So, if we use cell phones as a benchmark, it will take 10
             | years at a minimum. It likely will take 20 years given the
             | duty cycle of vehicles. (Assuming we all still own a
             | vehicle. If we all move to subscriptions, that might be a
             | different story.)
             | 
             | Fleets will be replaced sooner, because the commercial ROI
             | will be compelling. But it still takes a ton of capital to
             | replace a fleet, and they need to get the ROI out of their
             | _existing_ fleet before they invest in new ones. So even
             | that won't be immediate.
             | 
             | But it might be uneven. I 100% agree with your example of
             | sleeping through the night. If I can do that with a rental,
             | and that's cheaper than flying, I might consider it.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.comscore.com/Insights/Blog/US-Smartphone-
             | Penetra...
             | 
             | [2] https://www.carchex.com/research-center/auto-
             | warranties/how-...
             | 
             | [3] https://www.quora.com/How-often-do-people-replace-
             | their-cars
        
               | deegles wrote:
               | Not if existing fleets can be retrofitted to be self
               | driving. At $15/hr, if you can keep a car or truck
               | driving 100 hours per week that's $6,000 month of labor
               | costs saved. It's reasonable to expect insurance costs
               | will be lower as well. Fuel economy would be better too,
               | since a self driving car would be happy to drive at 60mph
               | or less to get more MPG.
               | 
               | Even if the system + retrofit costs $50,000 that's an ROI
               | of ~8 months. These numbers are made up but even with the
               | most pessimistic of assumptions I believe widespread
               | adoption will happen much faster than 10 years.
        
               | wiremine wrote:
               | Good point. That extends the ROI of the original
               | investment, so it feels like a no brainer.
               | 
               | The big assumption is the retrofit market. Is that
               | something anyone is talking about? Is that something
               | Waymo and the like will be offering?
               | 
               | My point is: it makes sense, but is it the low hanging
               | fruit someone will be going after right way? Or will this
               | happen down the road?
        
               | gpt5 wrote:
               | In a way, Waymo is already in that business - as all the
               | cars they use are retrofitted.
        
             | remus wrote:
             | I think price is an important difference between phones and
             | cars. When they started coming out smart phones were
             | expensive, but within reach for a big slice of people.
             | There's a lot of people who don't buy brand new cars
             | because they're expensive and poor value so I suspect
             | there'll be a natural transition where the tech takes
             | ~10years or so to trickle down in to the second hand
             | market.
        
               | ISL wrote:
               | When liability insurance costs plummet, the total cost of
               | ownership will drop, too.
        
             | dvirsky wrote:
             | > I expect the number of cars on the road to go way up
             | 
             | This could also play out totally opposite to that - think
             | cheaper on demand rides, no need to park near your work if
             | your car can just go do something else, etc. This might
             | play out as actually less people owning a car, or families
             | owning just one car instead of two, etc. I remember a
             | prediction from a few years ago that it may reduce the
             | number of cars by 80%, which I doubt, but I also don't
             | think it will necessarily mean more people buying cars.
        
               | hibikir wrote:
               | First, it's unlikely, as most trips happen in small
               | windows of time, and in the same general directions in a
               | city, leading to very little chance to reuse: Peak cars
               | on the road at 8 am on a Tuesday is not really going to
               | drop, and then very few trips will be happening at 2am.
               | It's the same thing that happens in many US cities for
               | commuter trains: A large fleet spends the night on depots
               | far from the center, and then makes a single trip
               | downtown, where they stay put all day, just to make a
               | lone trip out later in the day: The demand is just too
               | low in the other direction to not have most trains idle
               | most of the day.
               | 
               | But let's ignore that fact, and instead look at a
               | different definition of number of cars on the road:
               | Instead of how many cars actually exist, count how many
               | cars are on the road at any given time. It's not just
               | that there might be more cars in the end, but even with
               | fewer cars, each car will be doing more miles, because
               | you don't need a driver. Children visiting each other
               | while being less of a nuisance for parents mean more
               | trips. Old people that are uncomfortable driving. People
               | going further away in geneeral, because being driven
               | would be less stressful when the technology is doing
               | well. More visits to the bar, now that you don't have to
               | call an uber, or risk a DUI on the way. And let's not
               | forget letting the car go back home to park, instead of
               | paying for expensive downtown parking: Same number of
               | miles with a passenger, but bonus congestion for everyone
               | else.
               | 
               | When driving is cheaper, the number of miles driven goes
               | up, and therefore the number of cars that you actually
               | find on the road goes up, even with fewer cars.
        
             | bigtones wrote:
             | Smart phones when launched cost less than $1200 which a
             | majority of people could afford. Cars that have this
             | technology onboard would cost upwards of $65000 which
             | almost no one can afford comparatively.
             | 
             | This is not going to be a fast rollout.
        
               | tintor wrote:
               | "Majority of people can afford $1200 smart phone" What?
               | Majority lives on <$8 a day.
        
               | gibolt wrote:
               | The economics of a robotaxi are insane. Main cost now are
               | the driver, and then fuel, and then vehicle
               | wear/tear/depreciation. An autonomous EV taxi makes all
               | three of those comparatively negligible. Profit per year
               | per vehicle could be $25k+, meaning it is in their best
               | interest to produce as many cars as possible.
               | 
               | In addition, each taxi will be replacing at least 10
               | cars, if it is sufficiently cheap and convenient.
        
               | mdoms wrote:
               | I am convinced people who believe "wear and tear" on
               | electric cars is "negligible" have never owned a vehicle.
               | I worked as a mechanic at a bunch of small mum and pop
               | businesses. Other than oil changes and brake pads (which
               | will be less of a concern with electrics) nothing
               | changes. The bulk of work in shops like that is
               | suspension and steering (bushings, shocks, hydraulics),
               | running gear (wheel bearings, hubs), AC problems (pumps
               | and clutches mainly) and failing electrical parts (bulbs,
               | starter motors, coil packs, wiring gremlins).
               | 
               | Electric cars are heavy, so expect more suspension
               | failures. Running gear doesn't really change. AC is
               | identical but with electric motors (prone to failure).
               | Electrics will be worse if anything.
        
               | gibolt wrote:
               | Suspension failures are not particularly common, EVs
               | aren't that much heavier, and maintenance can still be
               | done. While EVs are somewhat heavier, there are plenty of
               | crazy heavy ICE vehicles that work without issue.
               | 
               | Tire wear may increase, but a robotaxi can also optimize
               | driving style to reduce it.
               | 
               | None of those costs matter, compared to ICE. EVs just
               | have less things that can break, and even less things
               | that result in EOL or catastrophic failure. The more
               | miles a taxi runs for, the more money it makes. Even if
               | costs increased, the profit would easily make up for it.
        
               | mdoms wrote:
               | > Suspension failures are not particularly common
               | 
               | Only because we regularly service them by replacing
               | bushings, CV joints and ball joints regularly. And shock
               | absorber failures are still commonplace.
               | 
               | > EVs aren't that much heavier
               | 
               | They're much heavier. It's obviously hard to make a
               | direct comparison because there's no such thing as
               | "equivalent but with an ICE engine" but a Golf E weighs
               | about 250kg more than a Golf GTI.
               | 
               | > there are plenty of crazy heavy ICE vehicles that work
               | without issue
               | 
               | And they have heavier duty components which require more
               | servicing and are more expensive to replace.
               | 
               | > None of those costs matter, compared to ICE.
               | 
               | Can you show me some evidence for this? I am not making
               | the claim that EVs are more expensive to maintain than
               | ICE cars, but you made the claim that wear and tear costs
               | (aka maintenance costs) on EVs are "negligible". You will
               | need to show some receipts for a claim like that.
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | There are undoubtedly other changes involved, but BMW
               | makes an ICE and electric version of their current
               | 3-series. The 330i is 3,582 lbs vs the electric 330e's
               | 4,039 lbs. Roughly 10%'s difference; quite a bit heavier!
               | 
               | For an apples to oranges comparison, a Tesla Model 3 is
               | 3,648 to 4,250 lbs; a Honda Accord is 3,150 to 3,430 lbs.
               | Totally difference cars, but same-ish external size
               | class. Those battery packs are heavy!
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | tintor wrote:
               | "each taxi will be replacing at least 10 cars" Two cars
               | maybe, but not ten cars. Ten of us can't commute to work
               | in the morning, and return back with the same taxi. Two
               | round trips might fit during rush hour.
        
               | Teever wrote:
               | One of the easy things that we could do to improve
               | quality of life and reduce waste would be to increase WFH
               | and also to simply stagger work place start times somthat
               | were not all hammering infrastructure at the same time
               | twice a day.
        
               | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
               | There's reasons to do that already to avoid rush hour,
               | but somehow many people still end up getting stuck in
               | rush hour traffic twice a day.
        
               | gibolt wrote:
               | Not all people commute. Rush hour isn't all at once, but
               | distributed over several hours. Not all cars will be
               | replaced right at the start, but those who use their cars
               | the least will probably be the first to go taxi only.
        
               | BurningFrog wrote:
               | Even assuming that rigid pattern, the cars can do other
               | things between the rush hours. Like deliveries.
               | 
               | Also, if there is an unused resource for most of the day,
               | capitalism will find a use for it!
        
               | zepearl wrote:
               | > _In addition, each taxi will be replacing at least 10
               | cars, if it is sufficiently cheap and convenient._
               | 
               | Maybe the demand would be even higher than that - I'm
               | thinking of all people that cannot drive (e.g. because of
               | age in a few years for my parents & other relatives), the
               | ones that don't own a car (too costly, don't want it,
               | whatever), introverted people that don't like driving in
               | a taxi/uber (that's me! hehe), etc... .
               | 
               | Of course alternatives exist already now but often they
               | lack something (e.g. bus to remote location X drives only
               | once every few hours and/or only up to a certain time,
               | taxi is very expensive and/or availability is unreliable)
               | => a cheap robotaxi would be a game changer, there would
               | be many indirect consequences (and in my opinion many
               | would be positive, like less parking spaces needed, more
               | mobility for old people, more flexibility about where-to-
               | go-for-what, room in the trunk, etc...).
               | 
               | > _Main cost now are the driver, and then fuel, and then
               | vehicle wear /tear/depreciation_
               | 
               | Especially thinking about an _idle_ taxi vs. robotaxi
               | (waiting for somebody wanting a ride): unbeatable, as the
               | driver 's cost not generating any revernue would not
               | exist anymore (only vehicle deprecation based on time and
               | cost of capital used to buy the vehicle, which are both
               | very low) => the difference related to fixed costs would
               | be _incredible_ (but I assume that some additional /new
               | cost will show up, e.g. some data-exchange-service to
               | keep maps/routes extremely up-to-date, coverage for
               | remote-assisted driver in the case that the car would get
               | stuck, etc..., but that would probably still not increase
               | costs a lot).
        
               | jfim wrote:
               | > Maybe the demand would be even higher than that - I'm
               | thinking of all people that cannot drive (e.g. because of
               | age in a few years for my parents & other relatives), the
               | ones that don't own a car (too costly, don't want it,
               | whatever), introverted people that don't like driving in
               | a taxi/uber (that's me! hehe), etc... .
               | 
               | Another thing that would increase demand would be the
               | cheaper cost of AI driven miles compared to human driven
               | ones. Today, it's somewhat expensive to get anything
               | delivered from local shops, due to how expensive it is to
               | do local point to point delivery. But if the local bakery
               | or restaurant could deliver for a dollar or two, that
               | would change a lot of behaviors.
        
               | native_samples wrote:
               | You appear to be ignoring development costs. Waymo has to
               | be one of the most fantastically expensive projects in
               | corporate history. Even if they ramped up massively
               | tomorrow, they'd still be charging taxi-like prices and
               | it will take a long, long time to break even on that
               | initial investment. But of course, they aren't ramping up
               | tomorrow.
        
               | at-fates-hands wrote:
               | Just looking at some data on Tesla's:
               | 
               |  _According to RepairPal, the average Tesla maintenance
               | cost is $832 per year. That compares to an average of
               | $652 per year for all car models sold in the United
               | States. Depending on which services your Tesla needs, you
               | may end up spending much more than the average car owner
               | on yearly maintenance needs._
               | 
               | Also, Tesla's aren't known for their reliability:
               | 
               |  _Though not much information exists yet about the
               | overall reliability of Tesla models, early results aren't
               | encouraging. In the J.D. Power 2021 U.S. Vehicle
               | Dependability StudySM, Tesla ranked 30th of 33 car brands
               | for overall reliability. That's better than only Jaguar,
               | Alfa Romeo, and Land Rover among all automakers across
               | the country._
               | 
               |  _J.D. Power reported an average of 176 mechanical issues
               | per 100 Tesla vehicles, compared to an industry average
               | of 121 issues. The organization notes, though, that it
               | doesn't rank the electric car brand with other major
               | automakers because it doesn't meet the study's criteria._
               | 
               |  _What can be known is that Tesla models break down
               | relatively regularly and that Tesla maintenance costs are
               | pretty steep._
               | 
               | https://jalopnik.com/advisor/tesla-maintenance-cost/
               | 
               | Unreliable cars and a pretty steep per year cost to
               | maintain them, along with steep repair costs (a broken
               | door handle will run you about 1K plus labor)? This
               | doesn't sound like the pipedream you're selling me here.
        
               | gibolt wrote:
               | Their reliability score does not take into account
               | severity. Most things reported are super minor, and all
               | are within the first year. Luxury cars are the 'worst' in
               | these surveys, because owners are pickier.
               | 
               | True reliability metrics are average years on the road
               | and miles driven.
        
               | unregistereddev wrote:
               | Tesla ranks behind Lexus, Acura, BMW, Cadillac, Lincoln,
               | and many other luxury cars in the same reliability
               | studies. Even if most things are minor, they still have
               | significantly more problems than the established
               | automakers.
               | 
               | I wonder whether the average amount spent on non-warranty
               | repairs would be a good metric to add to "average years
               | on the road and miles driven". That would hopefully
               | remove initial defects from the first few years and also
               | remove defects that are so minor that most people won't
               | pay to have them fixed.
        
               | robocat wrote:
               | > Tesla maintenance cost is $832 per year. That compares
               | to an average of $652 per year
               | 
               | I would be _very_ careful before relying on those
               | maintenance cost figures - they are very dependant upon
               | the age of the vehicles and neither figure sounds
               | realistic, if you look at the following information.
               | 
               | https://www.yourmechanic.com/article/the-most-and-least-
               | expe...
               | 
               | The link shows the cheapest average cost to maintain a
               | vehicle over 10 years was $550/annum for a Toyota in
               | 2016, and the most expensive was $1780/annum for BMW.
               | 
               | More importantly, further down, the article shows the
               | cost increase over time for maintenance is about
               | +$150/annum. At age 10 years the average maintenance is
               | $1500, and it plateaus at about $2000/annum (because
               | people retire vehicles when they get too expensive to
               | maintain).
               | 
               | A Tesla doesn't have oil changes or combustion engine
               | problems, so some maintenance costs are reduced. However
               | the battery eventually needs replacing, which is a large
               | expense, so you must know whether the battery replacement
               | is included in average yearly maintenance costs or not,
               | before the figure is useable over the long term.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | >The link shows the cheapest average cost to maintain a
               | vehicle over 10 years was $550/annum for a Toyota in
               | 2016, and the most expensive was $1780/annum for BMW.
               | 
               | Gotta love how these numbers are both a decent sized
               | integer multiple away from what you would think they are
               | if you got your advice from the internet.
        
               | satronaut wrote:
               | i disagree with the 65,000 figure. A baseline tesla model
               | 3 is 38000 dollars, which has a computer that can handle
               | full self driving beta. I can see the price going down
               | TBH
        
               | dzhiurgis wrote:
               | Cheapest Tesla atm is 47k
               | 
               | "FSD" is another 12k IIRC
               | 
               | Total 59k
        
               | russh wrote:
               | Think driverless Uber.
        
               | jatone wrote:
               | businesses can afford it though. 65K to replace a very
               | large, yearly, expense of a driver? you bet your ass they
               | are going to switch and fast. That is what is going to
               | cause most of the fallout. the ROI is basically 1 year, 2
               | tops.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | babyshake wrote:
             | > I expect the number of cars on the road to go way up
             | because suddenly so many more people can use a car.
             | 
             | With autonomous vehicle adoption, we may see the concept of
             | blockchain "gas" (fees paid with rates based on real-time
             | demand) come full circle as a real-time congestion tax.
        
             | season2episode3 wrote:
             | > Further, I expect the number of cars on the road to go
             | way up > I also suspect it means there will be lots more
             | long distance drives
             | 
             | This is the wrong direction for the world to move in. We
             | need to make our transportation efficient both to reduce
             | emissions and not pillage the earth for rare minerals for
             | these self driving electric cars.
             | 
             |  _MOST_ (not all) 3 hour drives can and should be done
             | through train trips. Trains are efficient, they offer more
             | equitable access to transportation, and they can be very
             | fast. The American obsession with the automobile, and the
             | way that obsession is pushed internationally through
             | exported media, will ruin us all.
        
             | aardvarkr wrote:
             | The phone -> smartphone transition stretched out over the
             | course of a decade. It's fast relative to the adoption of
             | the automobile for example but nowhere near as quickly as
             | you make it sound.
             | 
             | Even in modern times we still have a surprising amount of
             | Americans still use feature phones. The Pew Research Center
             | found in 2018 that 17% of Americans still use feature
             | phones.
             | https://www.fool.com/investing/2018/02/19/a-foolish-
             | take-17-...
        
               | Kye wrote:
               | I didn't get a smartphone until 2014. It was frustrating
               | how so many people in the tech bubble acted like everyone
               | had one long before most people did and just didn't
               | bother with web sites anymore, leaving me out of so many
               | new things. The failure to peek outside one's own
               | experience is a continuing problem among the people
               | deciding what the world will look like tomorrow.
               | 
               | See also: the internet. People still discussed seriously
               | whether or not it had staying power as recently as 2008.
               | It didn't really take off until the 2008 election pushed
               | so many people to participate in new mediums. 2004 was
               | kind of a prelude with Howard Dean's campaign, but he
               | mostly reached the already online set. I was already on
               | in the 1990s, and it still surprises me when I meet
               | people my own age who didn't get on until the 2000s or
               | 2010s even though it's the more common experience.
        
               | frutiger wrote:
               | > It didn't really take off until the 2008 election
               | pushed so many people to participate in new mediums. 2004
               | was kind of a prelude with Howard Dean's campaign, but he
               | mostly reached the already online set.
               | 
               | I find the idea that the Internet's adoption was related
               | to US presidential election cycles a little bizarre. I
               | know they dominate the mainstream media for a few months
               | every four years but surely the utility of the internet
               | vastly exceeds that?
               | 
               | What about online shopping or even email displacing paper
               | communications?
        
               | benatkin wrote:
               | Thinking about it more...I think texting was much bigger
               | during the 2008 campaigns than it was during the 2004
               | campaigns, and for some, rudimentary web browsing. And
               | they did it on the pre-iPhone concept of a smartphone,
               | that we've since thrown out.
        
               | benatkin wrote:
               | Obama famously used a Blackberry. That isn't a smartphone
               | in the current use of the term IMO, but I think it was
               | called that back then.
        
             | bduerst wrote:
             | >Further, I expect the number of cars on the road to go way
             | up because suddenly so many more people can use a car.
             | 
             | You're assuming that the cost will be much less with self-
             | driving than ride share or cabs. It likely won't be a
             | significant reduction for a while.
        
               | zepn wrote:
               | The upfront cost could remain the same while
               | externalities like road deaths, insurance, and even
               | pollution (via e.g. more efficient braking / speeds) goes
               | down.
        
               | bduerst wrote:
               | It sucks, but most consumers are rational actors that
               | don't care about those externalized costs (hence why we
               | have tragedy of the commons). It's especially so for the
               | price-sensitive demographics that GP was describing
               | above, who care about their direct cost, which likely
               | won't change for a while.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | It's not just cost though. I'm a bit over an hour drive
               | to the nearest major city. I find I'm even less inclined
               | than I used to be to head in for evening social event. If
               | I could be driven, I'd be far more inclined to do that
               | sort of thing and a (reasonable) cost wouldn't be a huge
               | factor.
        
               | bduerst wrote:
               | >If I could be driven, I'd be far more inclined to do
               | that sort of thing
               | 
               | The same way a taxi or ride-share would drive you right
               | now?
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | The cost for me to get into the city with a human-driven
               | car is close to $100 each way which is too high for
               | pretty much anything other than going to the airport. Cut
               | that in half and eliminate parking and it's more
               | thinkable for an evening event.
        
             | ryukafalz wrote:
             | > I expect the number of cars on the road to go way up
             | 
             | This sounds horrific for those of us who live in cities
             | that are already overrun with cars.
        
           | babypuncher wrote:
           | Also Oregon will probably just ban autonomous vehicles in the
           | name of protecting jobs, like they do with gas pumps.
        
           | iancmceachern wrote:
           | I agree, it will be slow. These Waymo cars cost hundreds of
           | thousands of dollars. A local pizza place in the middle of a
           | small community will not be able to support the cost of a
           | driverless car as compared to the cost of a local high school
           | kid with a $500 Civic. Same with semis, companies invest in
           | their truck fleets expecting millions of miles out of each
           | truck. It will take time to change all that over, and the
           | cost/benefit will take time to tip towards self driving. It
           | will happen, but like seat belts, lead free gas and air bags
           | it will take decades before they are the majority of vehicles
           | on the road.
        
             | mupuff1234 wrote:
             | > These Waymo cars cost hundreds of thousands of dollars.
             | 
             | Any source on that claim? I thought they reduced the costs
             | of lidar to be in the order of a few k.
        
           | seanmcdirmid wrote:
           | The cities that do make the transition quicker will have
           | economic advantages, so I'm not so sure that the transition
           | will be slow once a few cities make it. And we aren't just
           | talking about the USA, we have to contend with large cities
           | in Asia with worse traffic and more incentives to adopt the
           | technology before American ones do.
        
             | jeromegv wrote:
             | Labor is cheaper in Asia so I'm not sure why the transition
             | would happen faster there. Lots of jobs exists there for
             | the sole purpose that the price of a robot/automation is
             | way higher than paying someone to do it.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | Traffic jams and limited road infrastructure (with no
               | space for more, so use needs to be optimized) are a PITA
               | in Asia. It isn't really the cost of the taxi drivers
               | (who are increasingly becoming scarce as young people
               | choose better careers). Coupled with authoritarian
               | governments that can push changes more readily than
               | western governments, and Beijing, Shanghai, Singapore,
               | Tokyo are easily on their way in this direction.
        
               | tobijkl wrote:
               | As long as there are still some vehicles with human
               | drivers on the roadways, congestion will not change.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | > As long as there are still some vehicles with human
               | drivers on the roadways
               | 
               | You understand. If the government can tell you that you
               | can only drive even or odd days, tell you that you can't
               | drive at all (and must use self driving cars inside the
               | 4th or even 5th ring road) is a very distinct
               | possibility.
        
               | pengaru wrote:
               | > congestion will not change.
               | 
               | Congestion arguably will worsen first.
        
               | darepublic wrote:
               | why would congestion change if all the drivers were fully
               | autonomous? It's one thing to have a fully autonomous
               | driver, but having them coordinate perfectly to have good
               | throughput even in dense traffic conditions is another
               | altogether. I think this second goal is much farther off
               | and if the articles I've read on autonomous vehicles is
               | any indication I expect they will drive more cautiously
               | and slowly than most human drivers when they finally "go
               | live" in a widespread fashion
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | > if the articles I've read on autonomous vehicles is any
               | indication I expect they will drive more cautiously and
               | slowly than most human drivers when they finally "go
               | live" in a widespread fashion
               | 
               | They won't get stuck at left turns, on-ramps and rotarys
               | due to an inability to use the skinny pedal to its full
               | capacity.
               | 
               | That won't solve the sheer numbers problem but it's
               | probably a solid sized constant factors improvement.
        
               | jeromegv wrote:
               | I fail to see how driverless cars make any of that
               | better. Congestion might even get worse as people might
               | be willing to wait longer if that means they can be
               | "productive" doing something else in the car.
        
             | dwighttk wrote:
             | Economic advantages along with a huge number of jobs
             | destroyed
        
               | jliptzin wrote:
               | Huge number of *shitty jobs destroyed
               | 
               | Isn't that kind of the point of technological progress?
        
               | bufferoverflow wrote:
               | Shitty or not, they are jobs. You failed to address what
               | will happen to these drivers. Average age: 46.
        
               | burrows wrote:
               | They will lose their jobs and will have to find new
               | sources of incomes.
        
               | kadoban wrote:
               | Yes, but since we live in a bootstrappy wonderland, the
               | current holders of those shitty jobs will be ~destroyed
               | as well.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | The Luddites did ok. Why would it be different this time?
        
               | carlmr wrote:
               | Actually a lot of them didn't, hence the protests.
               | Innovation can take away your job in a span of ten years
               | while not creating new jobs for generations to come.
        
               | bduerst wrote:
               | Luddites to the weaving loom, Blacksmiths to the steel
               | mill, farm hands to the combustion engine, secretaries to
               | the email, travel agencies to the search engine, etc.
               | 
               | Technology has a robust history of displacing jobs, and
               | humans have a robust history of learning new skills.
               | Change is never comfortable, but predictable.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | > Innovation can take away your job in a span of ten
               | years while not creating new jobs for generations to
               | come.
               | 
               | That case isn't true. The new generations had jobs well
               | enough (increased productivity grew the economy much
               | faster than before), they weren't committed to weaving
               | clothes by hand. The Luddites themselves didn't fair as
               | well in the short term, but many of them would have aged
               | out of the work force in a few years anyways (manual
               | weaving is pretty unforgiving on the body).
               | 
               | Truck drivers are rapidly aging as well, if self driving
               | vehicles move retirement up by 5 or so years, it isn't
               | going that huge of a deal (we can rely even on America's
               | social safety net), and their kids didn't want to be
               | truck drivers anyways.
        
               | babypuncher wrote:
               | As automation gets better and better, the difficulty of
               | the remaining jobs for humans goes up. Not everyone is
               | cut out to be a software engineer, doctor, or lawyer. We
               | have to deal with the fact that people of average (and
               | below average) skills and intelligence still need to
               | support their families.
               | 
               | I think hampering technological progress to protect jobs
               | is the wrong approach though. We need to contend with the
               | fact that traditional supply-side economics will start to
               | break down as we enter an era where most or all human
               | needs can be met with automation.
        
               | spideymans wrote:
               | Imo, as automation takes hold, one of two things will
               | need to happen:
               | 
               | 1) We'll all need to collectively let go of our societal
               | ideal that work is virtuous. We will need to accept that
               | a significant portion of people have little to no
               | productive work available to them, and that there is
               | nothing wrong with that. It's just the natural
               | culmination of increasing automation and societal
               | advancement. UBI would be a necessity in this scenario.
               | 
               | 2) We'll see an increasing number of "make work jobs"
               | that exist solely to keep people busy, and to generate an
               | illusion of productivity. These jobs may ultimately be
               | government funded, although governments may obscure the
               | source of the funding to keep the "productivity illusion"
               | going. For example, governments may provide business
               | grants to keep a certain number of low-wage workers
               | employed. I suppose this essentially would be an indirect
               | UBI program, except that we'd make people do some nominal
               | amount of unproductive work to "prove" that they're
               | worthy of the UBI.
               | 
               | I strongly suspect we'll head towards option 2.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | https://youtu.be/Qe4x2Fv9to4
               | 
               | I honestly can summarize it this way. Savers keep saving
               | even when there is nothing left to save because there is
               | no downside to having too much money but lots of upside
               | to having more even if each single dollar is
               | incrementally less useful. To maintain full employment
               | all savings must be invested. The reason for that is
               | quite simple. When you spend 50% of your income you are
               | working more than you really need to. The extra hours
               | that you are putting in mean someone else does not need
               | to put in those work hours (50% less employment for
               | them). So, you use the money which was previously sitting
               | idle on a bank account by lending it out. Of course, the
               | modern system has no direct connection between savings
               | and actual money being lent out, rather it is the money
               | hole (the money you have saved is not circulating) in the
               | economy which causes unemployment that is driving further
               | borrowing to restore full employment.
               | 
               | One could say that if you are working twice as much as
               | you need, every second hour you are working is actually
               | charity, it's not productive in the sense that you need
               | it to maintain your lifestyle and it is not productive in
               | the sense that anyone else has a need for it. There is no
               | way you are getting a return off that charity when the
               | economy is already saturated and everyone has everything
               | they need. Yet money does not represent this act of
               | charity, instead we pretend that you are still owed the
               | same amount of products and services for all eternity,
               | meaning what you are doing is not for the benefit of
               | society, it's for your own benefit at the expense of
               | someone else.
               | 
               | Probably the worst thing you can do is do what the
               | Germany did before WW2. Do massive austerity programs
               | during a depression hoping it makes things better.
               | Homeless and starving people don't care that all the jobs
               | are done by two thirds of the population if that means
               | they don't get to eat. As I have said, if you are working
               | more than you need to work for yourself, then you ought
               | to work for the sake of someone else, anything else is
               | selfish. If two thirds of the population is doing all the
               | work and only doing it for itself then the rest is going
               | to get angry very quickly.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | True, rising productivity does force human beings to be
               | more productive.
               | 
               | > Not everyone is cut out to be a software engineer,
               | doctor, or lawyer.
               | 
               | Society used to say the same thing about reading and
               | writing (not everyone is cut out to do that), and society
               | was (mostly) wrong. Pushing people higher and higher up
               | the value chain has been happening forever. Eventually we
               | will hit singularity, but even the software engineers,
               | doctors, and lawyers will be obsolete then.
        
               | dfxm12 wrote:
               | Yes, but, it unfortunately only leads to _social_
               | progress if everything else keeps up - you 'd be
               | surprised how many social programs currently have work
               | requirements -\\_(tsu)_/-. Unemployment benefits, some
               | type of UBI, education/job training affordability, social
               | security, etc. are all things that need to be reevaluated
               | if a whole job category is going to be removed.
               | 
               | Job automation is great, but there are externalities that
               | should be accounted for ahead of time. You can ask, "who
               | pays for this?" Well, the obvious answer is the companies
               | that will be enriching themselves due to society's
               | sacrifice. Although, that has happened during the
               | pandemic, so it's clear corporations aren't going to do
               | so out of some sense of civic duty.
        
               | munk-a wrote:
               | This argument didn't stop cab driving from transitioning
               | from a serious employment opportunity to employment as a
               | service contractors - so I don't know if that's enough to
               | hold back the tide for the taxi side of things... on the
               | trucking side I think there will probably be a big
               | reckoning at some point though. Teamsters unions mean
               | business.
        
           | bufferoverflow wrote:
           | The transition will not be slow. As soon as there's an addon
           | to an existing truck or a taxi, they will be switched over
           | very quickly. Businesses aren't stupid, they understand human
           | drivers are expensive and get tired and cause accidents.
           | 
           | Millions of jobs will be lost within a few years.
           | 
           | And your comment didn't address of where these drivers will
           | go in any way. "Adapt" is not an answer. Your average 46 year
           | old truck driver will not be learning Javascript.
        
             | breadzeppelin__ wrote:
             | they definitely already have this for tractors / farming
             | https://www.agleader.com/blog/ag-leader-unveils-new-
             | geosteer...
        
               | logifail wrote:
               | > they definitely already have this for tractors /
               | farming
               | 
               | As in, a significant % of tractors are without human
               | drivers, or as in, a significant % of tractors with human
               | drivers have GPS-based assistance?
               | 
               | I live in a rural area and see several dozens of tractors
               | every day, and FWIW, I've never seen a tractor without a
               | human driver. Yet.
        
             | supportlocal4h wrote:
             | How fast has warehouse automation occurred? What has
             | happened to all the former warehouse workers? Fully
             | autonomous warehouses has been a reasonable thing way
             | before autonomous driving in the wild. It carries all the
             | cost-saving and safety arguments. It might affect more
             | people's jobs. What can we learn from that?
        
               | monocasa wrote:
               | > Fully autonomous warehouses has been a reasonable thing
               | way before autonomous driving in the wild.
               | 
               | The issue in warehouses is that even before talking about
               | control software behind automating, we simply don't have
               | hardware for manipulators that are as versatile as human
               | hands. That's why top of the line automated warehouses
               | have sort of converged on automating everything except
               | stations where humans can act like task reconfigurable
               | pick and place machines. Better manipulators than
               | biological hands is still an open research problem.
               | 
               | Automated cars don't have the hardware barrier, and as
               | soon as the control software meets the required error
               | rates, we should expect a rapid switchover to automated
               | fleets.
        
               | lp0_on_fire wrote:
               | > How fast has warehouse automation occurred?
               | 
               | When people hear that term they think of the robots that
               | amazon installed that move product around the building
               | for you and massive conveyor systems like UPS has for
               | sorting packages. While those kind of machines are
               | getting better and are slowly making their way into
               | "smaller" companies (i.e. not the size of amazon) the
               | biggest changes are on the ERP and data management side,
               | tbh.
               | 
               | Cheap/plentiful handheld devices and robust/cheap wifi
               | tech has been a game changer for us compared to the
               | physical processes of using paper to direct staff on the
               | floor. The processes we used 10-15 years ago are night
               | and day to what we use in 2022, at least in my mid-sized
               | fulfillment company.
        
               | bufferoverflow wrote:
               | As far as I know, there aren't fully automated
               | warehouses. Amazon ones are still employing a ridiculous
               | number of human pickers, sorters, packers.
        
               | dntrkv wrote:
               | And driverless cars will not be able to drive everywhere
               | at once. Initially, it will be a few predefined routes
               | and certain times. It will take much longer than 10 years
               | to have a driverless car that can go anywhere, at
               | anytime.
        
               | worldsayshi wrote:
               | It seems to me that automating a warehouse would be a
               | much larger relative investment than installing
               | conversion kits into taxis.
        
               | airstrike wrote:
               | We are easily 20+ years away from simply adding a
               | conversion kit into a taxi to make it driverless.
        
               | worldsayshi wrote:
               | You're probably right but I feel that the incentives to
               | create such kits would be quite big once true autonomous
               | driving has shown to work on large scale.
        
         | intrasight wrote:
         | I think there's more near-term opportunity with trucking. I
         | keep an eye on Aurora (AUR) in that space.
        
         | lostgame wrote:
         | Yet another reason why Universal Basic Income is going to
         | become a necessity. As each industry automates itself more and
         | more, it'll be UBI or total riots and chaos.
         | 
         | And thank God. People are not robots. They shouldn't have to
         | spend their valuable lives doing repetitive, monotonous tasks
         | for 8+ hours a day to barely survive anyway. So long cashiers,
         | so long truck drivers, and hello future.
        
           | thehappypm wrote:
           | I disagree with this. There's a labor shortage in just about
           | every industry right now, we aren't in a high unemployment
           | world by any stretch. UBI is not needed when wages are high
           | and unemployment is low.
        
         | browningstreet wrote:
         | I hope there are new limits to trucking and a concentration of
         | those that are licensed to off hours. I-80, for instance,
         | already feels like a truck route more than a human commute
         | route. That said, so many of the accidents (jack knifing) there
         | are trucks in wintery weather, I don't see that being included
         | v1.0 of the new trucking reality.
        
           | badthingfactory wrote:
           | I-80 always comes to mind when these autonomous vehicle
           | discussions occur. I'll believe in autonomous vehicles when I
           | see them driving across Pennsylvania during a winter storm.
           | There are days where I seriously doubt an autonomous vehicle
           | would be able to navigate out of my driveway.
        
           | intrasight wrote:
           | Your comment makes me think about the interplay of driving
           | and loading. A properly loaded truck can probably be driven
           | by an AI in a way that greatly reduces jack knifing compared
           | to human drivers. But what about improper loading - and if
           | done on purpose to sabotage the endeavour.
        
         | mwattsun wrote:
         | My feeling is that the trucker protests in Canada and D.C. were
         | ostensibly about masks, vaccines and personal freedom, but a
         | lot of people pointed out that didn't make sense since mandates
         | were lifted, so they had anxiety about something else.
         | 
         | I think the actual anxiety is about being put out of work by
         | self-driving trucks. Truckers can see the future of trucking
         | and don't see themselves in it. Nobody seems to be working on a
         | plan for the millions of workers whose skills will no longer be
         | needed.
         | 
         |  _How Many Truckers Are There? Approximately 3.5 million truck
         | drivers are employed in the United States, out of which 1 in 9
         | are independent, and most are owner-operators._
         | 
         | https://policyadvice.net/insurance/insights/how-many-truckin...
        
         | gambiting wrote:
         | >>I know we'll have driverless cars within ten-years
         | 
         | That's sarcastic, right? Like "we'll have fusion power in 50
         | years"? Except that we might actually have fusion power in 50
         | years and I don't actually think we'll have truly driverless
         | cars within 50 years.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | There is ambiguity in the word "have."
           | 
           | It's borderline obvious we will have a taxi/Uber replacement
           | for most of lower Manhattan, east San Francisco and southeast
           | Phoenix before 2030. (Technologically, at least.) Less
           | confident in long-distance interstate-only driving by 2030,
           | but that's better than 50/50.
           | 
           | Beyond that, the edge cases are innumerable, so it's
           | difficult to estimate. Nevertheless, we have clear line of
           | sight to domains where, for all intents and purposes, a
           | human-driven vehicle will be obsolete (if not necessarily yet
           | unquestionably uneconomical) in well under ten years. That's
           | far more than we have ever been able to say for fusion.
        
           | vlunkr wrote:
           | There's this great compilation video on youtube of Elon Musk
           | promising fully autonomous cars "next year" since 2015.
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o7oZ-AQszEI Sorry for the
           | dumb clickbait title.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | judge2020 wrote:
             | Those are true/eventually did happen up until 2018
             | 
             | 2014 - 90% capable of autopilot, for sure highway travel
             | 
             | 2015 - autonomous driving for highways and relatively
             | simple roads
             | 
             | 2016 - S/X can drive autonomously with greater safety than
             | a person - generally true, it still messes up for human-
             | correctable situations but in general helps more than it
             | hurts in terms of "crashes where autopilot was in control
             | during impact or within 5 seconds of impact"[0]
             | 
             | 2018 - incorrectly predicted - self driving will be
             | 100-200% safer than a person by next year (this talking
             | about their full self driving thing that will do turns and
             | stop signs and whatnot)
             | 
             | 0: https://www.tesla.com/VehicleSafetyReport
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | dham wrote:
               | People, for some reason, still confuse AutoPilot
               | (literally just ACC) and Full Self Driving. I guess the
               | creator of the video doesn't know the difference either.
               | The naming is really bad though.
        
           | jliptzin wrote:
           | Definitely within 10 years. 50 years is insane.
           | 
           | Just the other day my Tesla model 3 drove me home from a
           | restaurant 10 miles away, at night, with plenty of other cars
           | on the road, through side streets and on a highway, _without
           | intervention_. Did it do weird things? Sure, but nothing that
           | made me nervous enough to intervene. Compared to just a year
           | ago when it was still phantom breaking on the highway and
           | couldn't do side streets at all. All the people saying it's
           | still decades away don't realize how quickly things are
           | progressing.
           | 
           | 10 years is a long time and progress is not always linear.
           | Think about what happened to the internet between 1995 and
           | 2005.
        
             | bitsoda wrote:
             | Do you live in a place with weather? I think we'll get
             | there eventually, but my timeline is closer to 20 years. I
             | just don't see AVs nailing that last 1% for true peace of
             | mind in places like the Eastern USA with torrential
             | downpours in South Florida or snow and icy conditions in
             | New England.
             | 
             | I hope I'm wrong though, I would prefer it if my kids and
             | other road users didn't have to drive.
        
               | jliptzin wrote:
               | I live in NY
        
               | bufferoverflow wrote:
               | You're wrong. It will happen way before 20 years.
               | 
               | And computers are better at reacting to unexpected things
               | like icy road. And cameras are better at seeing through
               | rain and fog. What's barely perceptible to you, computer
               | sees clearly.
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | >>You're wrong. It will happen way before 20 years
               | 
               | Other than random people saying this on the internet, I
               | have seen zero indication that this will be the case. You
               | cannot will something into existence just by strongly
               | believing in it.
        
               | slingnow wrote:
               | Are you just saying things that you think are true? Have
               | you ever tried to do even rudimentary image processing in
               | foggy / rainy / nighttime conditions? Cameras are
               | absolutely not better at seeing through rain and fog.
        
               | eklitzke wrote:
               | Humans aren't that good at seeing in rain and fog either
               | (which is why many people avoid driving or drive much
               | more slowly in extreme rain and fog conditions), so
               | saying robotic vehicles aren't good at driving in
               | inclement weather conditions isn't very interesting. In
               | addition to cameras, Waymo and Cruise vehicles have
               | multiple lidar and radar units. These are all affected
               | differently by inclement weather but in principle
               | combining sensor data for perception gives the vehicle a
               | lot more data to work off of than a human relying solely
               | on vision.
               | 
               | Driving in truly bad weather is still an open research
               | problem, but it's also one that most of these companies
               | haven't dedicated a lot of resources to, since they all
               | have initial rollout plans in places that don't
               | experience much extreme weather. But assuming these
               | vehicles can drive well in good weather, I don't think
               | it's a stretch to assume that progress will be made on
               | driving in more extreme conditions once more resources
               | are dedicated to it.
        
               | supportlocal4h wrote:
               | Isn't that like saying that motorcycles will happen
               | eventually but not anytime soon because: weather?
               | 
               | Traditional cars with drivers haven't solved the weather
               | problem 100%. But they are here now. Sometimes we ban
               | them in some conditions, but they are a game changer the
               | rest if the time.
        
               | thinkharderdev wrote:
               | One thing that is going to be awkward to navigate in the
               | transition to self-driving cars is how they handle
               | driving in bad weather. Obviously that's a technical
               | problem but I'm not sure it's actually solvable because
               | it's not actually solvable for human drivers. We just
               | kind of do it anyway. But when a self-driving car has
               | some quantified sense that "driving in these conditions
               | is unsafe" will we get to the point where we just say f
               | it and let them keep going? Or, maybe more likely, we
               | remain in the gray zone where the car is fully self-
               | driving but the human driver has to be ready to take
               | control at any time which I think limits some of the
               | larger impacts.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | Spivak wrote:
               | I mean if you live anywhere with weather your motorcycle
               | lives in the garage for 3/4 of the year. Not useless by
               | any stretch but also not "taking over the world."
               | 
               | It's not that traditional cars have solved for weather,
               | it's that self driving cars haven't solved the problem of
               | "being as good as human drivers in weather commonly
               | encountered."
        
               | martneumann wrote:
               | Apart from weather, a big issue outside the USA is also
               | car infrastructure. The US is extremely car centric with
               | large, straight, easy-to-maneuver roads everywhere. Here
               | in Germany, it's different. We have rather narrow,
               | chaotic roads, unclear signage, "right car has right of
               | way" traffic rules which sometimes get resolved via hand
               | signs, no jaywalking laws, etc.
               | 
               | I am still hoping for fewer cars on the road overall. The
               | car itself is inefficient and hopefully on its way out.
        
               | jatone wrote:
               | NE cities are more similar to european cities than most
               | of the USA. I have no doubt cars can handle european
               | cities if they can handle NE cities.
        
               | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
               | I think about all the times during winter when my car's
               | traction control straight up gives up as I try to
               | accelerate through an intersection or when I need to
               | start slowing down an extra two blocks away because the
               | ABS goes on every time I try to stop. I have no idea how
               | AVs will nail that stuff, it's so much harder than
               | keeping the car between the lanes and sussing out road
               | signs.
        
               | bglazer wrote:
               | The control aspects of self driving are much easier to
               | solve.
               | 
               | Here's an autonomous drifting Delorean
               | https://youtu.be/3x3SqeSdrAE
               | 
               | The physics and control of cars are quite well
               | understood, even in extreme conditions. Further, sensors
               | allow a car to detect changing road conditions much more
               | quickly and adeptly than a typical human.
               | 
               | The hard part of self driving seems to be understanding
               | and predicting the humans in its environment.
        
               | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
               | That example is still a car on a known good road
               | conditions. Do you have an example where half the parking
               | lot is covered in ice, or trying to break on a road with
               | unpredictable traction so that they don't end up halfway
               | through the intersection?
        
               | dont__panic wrote:
               | I think about all of the lanes in my city where line
               | paint disappears intermittently, or where old
               | lines/construction-era lines mess with my ability to
               | comprehend where the lanes are, let alone an autonomous
               | vehicle's.
               | 
               | And then I think about all the potholes that I dodge when
               | I drive around town. And how 4-ton electric vehicles are
               | going to make road wear _worse_ , not better.
        
             | holoduke wrote:
             | No way. At least 50 years to get somewhere. But we need
             | computing power 1000 times better and optics at least 16
             | times better. Before that it never can fix all scenarios
        
               | gibolt wrote:
               | Here is a video of a customer vehicle driving on snow
               | covered roads, now. It isn't perfect, but it is leagues
               | better than a year ago.
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oDK3dRHxOzo He has tons
               | of other drives in various weather/road conditions.
               | 
               | Improved software, and maybe one hardware refresh should
               | be sufficient to get us all the way there for 99.99% of
               | drives.
        
               | shagie wrote:
               | It appears that if it doesn't know where the lanes are,
               | it drives in the middle of the road. If someone turned
               | onto the street from 0:35 to 0:42 there would have been a
               | problem.
               | 
               | Aside: some really old drive assist tech for snow plows
               | on I-80 Donner pass - https://path.berkeley.edu/sites/def
               | ault/files/advanced_snowp... ///
               | https://highways.dot.gov/public-roads/janfeb-2001/safe-
               | plowi...
               | 
               | I'm still waiting to see how an AI would handle Figure
               | 5-1 from that. And no, the snow plow's solution of
               | burying magnets in the road isn't practical (Cost of
               | infrastructure installation for the test sites is
               | approximately $11,000 per kilometer ($17,000 per mile),
               | including surveying, installation, and magnets).
        
             | ufmace wrote:
             | I'd say closer to 50 years myself. But my standard means
             | that we not only have near-perfect self-driving, but we're
             | confident enough in its quality that we're willing to
             | manufacture cars without conventional physical driver
             | controls, and people are willing to ride in them. And then
             | to actually go through the process of replacing the entire
             | national inventory of conventional cars with these new cars
             | without controls.
        
             | notahacker wrote:
             | > 10 years is a long time and progress is not always
             | linear. Think about what happened to the internet between
             | 1995 and 2005.
             | 
             | And then compare it to what happened to the internet
             | between 2005 and 2022...
             | 
             | Progress isn't always linear but it tends towards
             | diminishing returns more often than exponential progress.
             | 
             | And we're not talking simple things like "can billions of
             | people and Moore's law result in something a bit more
             | exciting than Facebook with a newsfeed and ads and YouTube
             | without Flash", we're talking about progress in the form of
             | monotonic improvement in complex intractable software to
             | solve edge cases the dev team haven't even thought of where
             | the failure mode involves corpses, and do it to the
             | satisfaction of regulators across many jurisdictions.
             | 
             | The gap between "drive 10 miles without serious incident
             | this time" and "consistently drives a billion miles between
             | incidents serious enough to be fatal without any
             | possibility of intervention" is enormous.
        
             | juanani wrote:
        
             | dmode wrote:
             | My Tesla still phantom brakes. And Tesla has been trying to
             | solve it for, what 10 years ? My rain sensor also barely
             | works. I have seen enough FSD videos and all the scary
             | things it does. There is no way it will be ready to solve
             | the last 1% in the next 10 years
        
               | frosted-flakes wrote:
               | I rode with my uncle in his new Tesla car in rural
               | Pennsylvania this winter. Clear weather, daylight, only a
               | few other cars on the road. In a 10 mile trip the
               | automatic emergency breaking threatened to kick in with
               | blaring alarms 5-6 times: whenever an oncoming car
               | approached us in the other lane, and over hills where it
               | apparently thought we were driving off a cliff. I thought
               | it would do better than that, given how much it's touted
               | as so good.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | jasonladuke0311 wrote:
             | Wide scale adoption is going to bring a ton of emergent
             | consequences that you might never see in a million man-
             | hours driving a single car.
        
             | ghostbrainalpha wrote:
             | Totally agree. People become SOOO embrace full self driving
             | so quickly.
             | 
             | I know 5 people with the Tesla FSD Beta, and EVERY SINGLE
             | ONE of them has admitted to letting Tesla drive them home
             | when they drank too much and went past the legal limit. And
             | not a single one of those 5 people has ever had a DUI. So
             | FSD rapidly changed there drinking behavior.
             | 
             | Also I get that I have an atypical and shitty social
             | circle. I don't think this represents all Tesla drivers.
        
               | spywaregorilla wrote:
               | Yeah consider me unconvinced that someone willing to do
               | tesla fsd drunk wasn't also willing to drive drunk
               | themselves. Lack of a DUI is hardly proof otherwise.
        
               | Bakersfield wrote:
               | I know it's off-topic but your username reminded me of
               | Bonzi Buddy. Is that the inspiration for your name?
               | 
               | Does anyone else remember that spyware?
        
               | dangrossman wrote:
               | Yes, and somehow this immediately triggered my memory of
               | the CueCat from the same era.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CueCat
        
               | spywaregorilla wrote:
               | Yup :)
        
             | rayiner wrote:
             | Progress takes many shapes. Sometimes it goes quicker than
             | expected. Sometimes the "last 5%" ends up being completely
             | intractable. Lots of technologies got "nearly there"
             | (supersonic flight is a good example) but never made it
             | across the finish line.
             | 
             | We haven't even begun to address emergent behaviors. You
             | say your Tesla does "weird things." What happens when all
             | the cars on the road are Teslas and they do the same "weird
             | things" at the same time (because they have the same
             | programming)? This is an important aspect of systems
             | engineering that we haven't even scratched the surface of
             | when it comes to self driving cars.
        
               | bobsomers wrote:
               | > This is an important aspect of systems engineering that
               | we haven't even scratched the surface of when it comes to
               | self driving cars.
               | 
               | There are definitely people in the industry who are
               | thinking about this and working on it, but AFAIK none of
               | them work at Tesla.
        
               | lkschubert8 wrote:
               | I'm assuming you mean commercial supersonic flight? I'm
               | pretty sure there are plenty of military supersonic
               | planes.
        
               | peder wrote:
               | If you can do 95%, that might be good enough. Obviously
               | if you could automate the entirety of the process, that
               | would be ideal, but consumers may simply change their
               | behavior to accommodate the 5% difference. Uber/Lyft
               | already changed consumer behavior in a marked way: they
               | allowed more people to move closer to the city, not pay
               | for a car, not pay for a parking spot, etc. In Seattle
               | before the pandemic, it was common for young
               | professionals that didn't own a car to take Uber/Lyft
               | most days. They did this so frequently that yuppies were
               | blamed for the increased traffic, even though many of
               | them were served by Seattle's great mass transit options.
               | 
               | The cost, simplicity, and availability of self-driving
               | cars will undoubtedly change the consumer.
        
               | lelanthran wrote:
               | > If you can do 95%, that might be good enough.
               | 
               | Self-driving cars have been at 95% since the 90's.
               | They've been at 98% since 2012. Humans are higher than 5
               | nines.
               | 
               | It turns out that human drivers, even poor ones, have a
               | much better driving record than self-driving cars. With
               | this latest Waymo experiment we may finally see some
               | significant progress.
        
           | jefftk wrote:
           | Ten years doesn't sound sarcastic to me. With fully
           | driverless operation starting in SF (and with several years
           | in Phoenix), having it widely rolled out within ten years
           | seems very plausible.
        
             | mbesto wrote:
             | > With fully driverless operation starting in SF (and with
             | several years in Phoenix)
             | 
             | As I understand it, they will only operate within a "grid".
             | In other words, its use case will be limited to essentially
             | a customized route city bus.
             | 
             | > widely rolled out within ten years seems very plausible.
             | 
             | Define "widely". We are decades away from a driverless car
             | driving in snow.
        
               | jefftk wrote:
               | _> Define  "widely". We are decades away from a
               | driverless car driving in snow._
               | 
               | I agree snow is a lot harder (I don't think it's decades,
               | though). But the cases moritonal brought up mostly don't
               | require that.
        
               | jslaby wrote:
               | Or black ice.. hitting the brakes and seeing how far you
               | slide is the only test to determine safety, from my
               | experience.
        
               | aranchelk wrote:
               | With copious sensor data and individual wheel control, I
               | bet one could devise a more elegant solution.
        
               | minwcnt5 wrote:
               | Nah, your understanding is incorrect. I've used it in
               | Phoenix and it goes places a bus wouldn't like
               | residential culdesacs and parking lots (whithin the
               | geofence).
        
               | airstrike wrote:
               | > like residential culdesacs and parking lots
               | 
               | Literally the two easiest places it could go into
        
               | treesprite82 wrote:
               | Lower stakes because of the speed, but a lot of special
               | cases. Higher chance of pedestrians and parked cars in
               | the road for both. Parking lots will have a lot of cars
               | moving in atypical ways, and markings aren't as
               | standardized as on roads.
        
               | airstrike wrote:
               | Sure, but at 5mph everything is easier
        
               | dane-pgp wrote:
               | Sure a computer can beat an expert human at chess, but
               | get back to me when it can beat an expert go player.
        
               | airstrike wrote:
               | Self-driving is not even on the same scale of complexity
               | as a board game. The latter is an inherently digital
               | problem, easy to parse and not played in "real time"
        
               | dane-pgp wrote:
               | > The latter is an inherently digital problem, easy to
               | parse and not played in "real time"
               | 
               | So people should have been able to correctly predict how
               | easy it would be for a computer to master go, right?
        
               | mbesto wrote:
               | > customized route
               | 
               | Guess you missed this distinction.
        
               | moritonal wrote:
               | Oddly enough from what I've seen when it snows I'd
               | imagine a computer's ability to simulate a multi-car
               | situation in snow _vastly_ outmatches your normal humans.
        
               | tablespoon wrote:
               | > Oddly enough from what I've seen when it snows I'd
               | imagine a computer's ability to simulate a multi-car
               | situation in snow _vastly_ outmatches your normal humans.
               | 
               | What's the basis for your imagining? Whenever I read some
               | strong "computer > human" statement like that, I can't
               | help but think it's substantially based on science
               | _fiction_ (which can make technology work fantastically
               | well because it 's not real, e.g. like Six Million Dollar
               | Man vs actual prosthetic limbs).
               | 
               | Also, have you heard about the time I was driving on the
               | highway in winter weather, and my adaptive cruise control
               | would stop working every few dozen miles because I had to
               | get out and scrape ice off the sensor?
        
               | mantas wrote:
               | What if sensors are covered in snow?
               | 
               | Parktronics routinely get covered by snow/slush/ice when
               | driving.
        
               | 300bps wrote:
               | My car's visual sensors (i.e. my eyes) are often blocked
               | by snow and ice.
               | 
               | When that happens I hit a button to turn on the defroster
               | that then gets rid of the snow and ice.
               | 
               | Could they use a similar system?
        
               | mbesto wrote:
               | What do they do while it defrosts? Sit there?
        
               | warcher wrote:
               | Joke's on you, we're getting rid of snow!
        
             | modeless wrote:
             | They just announced 500k driverless miles in Phoenix. Over
             | several years that sounds laughably small to me. For
             | comparison, motor vehicle fatalities in the US are around
             | 1.5 per 100 million miles. We're several orders of
             | magnitude away from even being able to convincingly
             | demonstrate that these reduce (or at least do not increase)
             | fatalities in the real world.
             | 
             | I'm glad that Cruise beat Waymo to driverless in SF because
             | they are providing the swift kick in the butt that Waymo
             | seems to require to actually make progress in a reasonable
             | amount of time.
        
               | bduerst wrote:
               | >500k driverless miles in Phoenix
               | 
               | Waymo has 20 million miles IRL driverless, and 15
               | _billion_ miles in simulated driving.
               | 
               | Fatalaties are not the only metric. Accidents are much
               | more frequent and driverless cars have already proven
               | they're safer in that regard.
        
               | modeless wrote:
               | Fatalities are the metric Waymo uses every time they give
               | a presentation. They always start off by telling us how
               | many people die on the roads and how they can help. And
               | it's true! I think it's a very important metric and they
               | are right to focus on it.
               | 
               | Simulated miles are not convincing. Miles with a safety
               | driver are better but still ultimately different. Also
               | the type of miles matters too, and Waymo has been
               | focusing on the easiest miles possible until Cruise
               | forced them to up their game and try something a little
               | more valuable.
        
               | bduerst wrote:
               | >Fatalities are the metric Waymo uses every time they
               | give a presentation.
               | 
               | Source? Because since 2020 Waymo has been primarily
               | touting their "contact events" metric, which is what most
               | people consider to be accidents.
               | 
               | Simulated miles are still better than no miles. Given the
               | better accident rate it seems to contribute to a degree.
               | 
               | The point is that it's an argument from ignorance to
               | narrowly focus on one metric and say we don't have enough
               | information on whether autonomous vehicles are safe. We
               | do have a range of metrics and information already that
               | point to them being safer.
        
               | notahacker wrote:
               | > Simulated miles are still better than no miles.
               | 
               | Provided your starting point is AV software with some
               | ability to drive, this isn't necessarily true. Tuning on
               | simulated miles can lead towards over-optimization for
               | the conditions of the simulation.
        
               | bufferoverflow wrote:
               | Tesla's FSD traveled billions of miles (2 years ago they
               | had over 3 billion miles).
               | 
               | Their crash rate is 1 in 4.4 billion miles. That's crash,
               | not a fatality. And it's getting better.
               | 
               | https://cleantechnica.com/2021/12/07/tesla-1-crash-
               | per-4-41-...
        
               | donkarma wrote:
               | yeah because every time it's about to crash it slags it
               | off onto the driver
        
               | pranavjoneja wrote:
               | Your link says Autopilot, not FSD. Autopilot is highway
               | autonomy, which is vastly easier and you can rack up many
               | more miles very quickly. This is not at all a relevant
               | comparison.
        
               | amelius wrote:
               | > They just announced 500k driverless miles in Phoenix.
               | 
               | Not with one version of the software. They are cheating:
               | they should reset the mileage whenever they update the
               | software.
        
               | bkartal wrote:
               | 500K miles does not tell much. It depends on how well
               | those miles cover all possible (observed / not observed)
               | edge cases, i.e. the famous long tail.
        
             | wongarsu wrote:
             | Depending on what you mean by widely rolled out, I agree.
             | Driverless trucks driving on the highway and in well-marked
             | industrial areas seems extremely plausible within 10 years.
             | Driverless taxis at slow speeds as a shuttle service on
             | campuses and fair grounds are more or less already a thing
             | and will only grow.
             | 
             | Driverless cars in a European city center, during snow, ice
             | and rain seems unlikely within 10 years. But we don't need
             | that to see transformational change.
        
               | foobarian wrote:
               | > Driverless cars in a European city center, during snow,
               | ice and rain seems unlikely within 10 years.
               | 
               | The fun thing about European cities is that many of them
               | are extremely willing to make (to Americans) unthinkable
               | changes to traffic patterns under their jurisdiction. I
               | would not be the least bit surprised to see those
               | downtown centers closed to all but driverless traffic (if
               | they are not closed already).
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Maybe, but I don't see driverless cars ready for bad
               | weather.
               | 
               | BTW, humans are not ready for bad weather either, even
               | though we drive in it all the time. However with
               | driverless cars we will collect statistics proving it
               | isn't ready and never noticing that it is better than
               | humans.
        
             | bbarnett wrote:
             | The last few percent of any project, takes the longest.
        
             | hwers wrote:
             | They told us we were supposed to have driverless cars in 5
             | years 10 years ago.
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | Who is "they" ?
        
               | barbecue_sauce wrote:
               | Google, the tech journalist/blogger consensus, etc.
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | Sergey might have said it, I don't think the people
               | actually working on it ever thought that or said it?
        
               | eptcyka wrote:
               | Past performance does not indicate future returns.
               | However, I too don't believe that self-driving cars will
               | be here in 5 years either.
        
               | treis wrote:
               | No they didn't. Cruise didn't even exist 10 years ago.
        
               | barbecue_sauce wrote:
               | Why are you bringing up Cruise specifically?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | golergka wrote:
               | They also told us we were supposed to have mass produced
               | electric cards in 5 years 30 years ago.
        
               | signatoremo wrote:
               | First time I heard of this. Who promised this 30 years
               | ago?
        
               | reportingsjr wrote:
               | That would have been right around the time of the gm ev1.
               | 
               | A lot of people were expecting electric cars to kick off
               | right after that, so OP's claim is not unreasonable.
        
               | signatoremo wrote:
               | We're talking about promise, not expectation. I don't
               | recall GM promised electric car mass production within 5
               | years of EV1.
        
               | jliptzin wrote:
               | But with that you also had other fossil fuel companies
               | working hard to make sure that didn't happen
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | Please explain how fossil fuel companies can keep auto
               | manufacturers from selling electric cars? The reality is
               | that the biggest obstacle continues to be the high cost
               | of battery raw materials.
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | I saw my first self-driving car parked at Google in
               | roughly 2008 or 2009, and watched them toodling around
               | campus shortly afterward. Many people (like Larry)
               | thought it was a 5 year project.
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | There is this famous story about research into image
               | recognition back in 1960s - everyone involved thought it
               | was literally a matter of few months, maybe a year at
               | most, to have a system that has 100% accurate recognition
               | capabilities.
               | 
               | Yet we're in 2022 and the best of the best image
               | recognition systems spew out absolute nonsense no matter
               | how much money is poured into them.
               | 
               | It's just the same sort of issue. It can work amazingly
               | well 90% of the time, but the remaining 10% is basically
               | impossible without some kind of actual general AI that
               | can understand the context of what it's looking at. I
               | honestly believe that current approaches to this tech
               | will not get us to general self driving tech that is safe
               | enough for use on our roads.
        
               | xipho wrote:
               | Another story in a similar vein. There are many, many
               | stories about how the advent of DNA sequencing would
               | finally solve the issues of creating the tree of life for
               | all species on Earth, and solve the problem of defining
               | species boundaries, this was some 20 years ago or more.
               | We're still nowhere close thanks largely to the
               | unimaginable quantity of biodiversity out there. We have
               | the low-hanging fruit genomes (specimens readily
               | available, known to be commercially important, etc), but
               | that's about it. Even with those "genomes" (most are not
               | curated to any real level of completion) we still haven't
               | solved compute at scale, even small analyses (10k
               | terminals, 2k genes) take months if not years to
               | comprehensively run (i.e. explore parameter spaces),
               | albeit thanks in part to limits on resources available to
               | scientists.
               | 
               | The Earth is big and complex, I can't see the singularity
               | on the horizon yet, but my vision is aging.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | Another example. An airplane broke the sound barrier in
               | 1948. Today, we are as far removed from Yeager breaking
               | the sound barrier as Yeager was from a civil war hero
               | being President (Grant). But we still have no supersonic
               | airplanes in commercial service.
        
               | notahacker wrote:
               | tbf, lack of supersonic airplanes is a commercial problem
               | rather than a technical one.
               | 
               | On the other hand, most of the commercial jets we _do_
               | fly are basically 1950s designs with bigger engines and
               | some computers in the cockpit, and HN thinks it was
               | crazily irresponsible for Boeing to have decided to use
               | sensor-triggered autonomous systems to do something as
               | simple as temporarily adjust the trim system...
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | I solved the computational problem for genomics already,
               | since it's a mostly-embarassingly-parallel problem (in
               | paticular, I made an idle cycle harvester at Google that
               | applied 1+M xeon cores to science problems, one of which
               | was genomic assembly).
               | 
               | I don't know that creating super-accurate species trees
               | is really the most important problem to solve in biology,
               | though. Certainly DNA sequencing for health has been a
               | really mixed bag.
        
               | xipho wrote:
               | > Certainly DNA sequencing for health has been a really
               | mixed bag.
               | 
               | Ah, the old why bother since it's a "mixed bag" argument.
               | If it wasn't a mixed bag I'd be _really_ worried, as
               | someone has some pretty good snake oil.
               | 
               | I vaguely recall something about sequencing and its role
               | in creating a vaciine that turned out to be pretty
               | useful, something recent maybe?
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | I don't have a complaint about sequencing that leads to
               | vaccines. That's what sequencing is for.
               | 
               | What i'm troubled by is the projects that sequence a
               | million people, using $1B to do so, and then just dump a
               | bunch of genomes with some hand-wavy claims about how
               | it's going to cure cancer. The costs here are rathre
               | significant, but the health outcomes are not.
        
               | xipho wrote:
               | Nice work with that solution! I did similar! I solved the
               | earth's hunger issues, funny thing is we produce enough
               | food, we just can't _deploy_ it to the people who need
               | it. Problem is I can 't figure out the logistics of how
               | to make it work... I think maybe you have the same
               | problem? We should compare notes.
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | the mark i perceptron did image recognition with a single
               | layer neural network and was surprisingly good at it.
               | Some days I think Rosenblatt was on to something, but
               | about 40 years ahead of the time.
        
               | mardifoufs wrote:
               | What do you mean spout absolute non sense? The progress
               | in image recognition has been insane in the past decade
               | so your comment might have been accurate 10 years ago. If
               | there's one thing DL/ML are very good at it's computer
               | vision
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | Sorry I thought it was clear from the rest of my comment.
               | Image recognition is amazing in 90% of the cases, and
               | then in 10% it's worse than a blind human. Another famous
               | example of that is the(now solved) Google image
               | recognition saying with 99% certainty that a sofa in a
               | zebra print is in fact, a zebra(4 legs, zebra pattern =
               | must be a zebra). Look at any demonstrations from Tesla
               | at what comes out of their clasiffier as the car drives
               | around, sure, most of it is correct but some of it is
               | insane, the car thinking there's a ship or a cow in the
               | middle of the road when there's nothing there. Sure the
               | car doesn't act on it, but the fact that the recognition
               | gets it so catastrophically wrong is indicative of the
               | quality of the whole thing.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | Likewise, a lot of computer scientists didn't take
               | Engelbart's 1969 "mother of all demos" seriously because
               | they thought general artificial intelligence was right
               | around the corner. Why bother with a mouse and bitmapped
               | display when you can just tell the computer what you
               | want?
        
               | jefftk wrote:
               | That was wrong, clearly. But it was a prediction made
               | with far less evidence than we have today. Considering
               | progress so far (which we had far less of in 2012) I
               | don't think ten years is wrong today.
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | And even if it is wrong, it's obviously not stupid to
               | think we'll have driverless cars in 10 years. Waymo are
               | literally down to solving edge cases. There are more than
               | people might have expected, but there isn't anything
               | fundamental to solve.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | > Waymo are literally down to solving edge cases.
               | 
               | But: there are very large numbers of these edge cases and
               | they are of the kind where new ones keep popping up all
               | the time. This is a very easy problem for the first 99%
               | or so and then the last 1% is super hard.
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | Sure - but they've been working on the last 1% for years
               | now. Nuclear Power plants are almost always over budget
               | and over time, big misses. And they've built lots of
               | them. Every piece of software ever built suffers from
               | this issue to some degree. Elon Musk misses every
               | deadline he ever sets. Something taking longer than
               | initially thought shouldn't instantly set off alarm bells
               | suggesting it won't ever get done.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | > Sure - but they've been working on the last 1% for
               | years now.
               | 
               | Indeed, and we aren't any closer compared to say 5 years
               | ago. That is more or less my point: you can solve for
               | some of this and then you are still left with a mountain
               | more. And then at some point there is an even harder
               | problem to deal with: how to ensure that fixing one
               | problem won't regress one or more others.
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | > Indeed, and we aren't any closer compared to say 5
               | years ago
               | 
               | That's just flat wrong.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | I'm sorry, I evaluate tech for a living and I don't see
               | us being closer in a way that moves the needle.
               | Objectively, however long it will take to get to self
               | driving we are 5 years closer, but that doesn't really
               | matter. What matters is whether or not the state of
               | technology is at a level where it will enable self
               | driving to the point where a car will no longer have a
               | steering wheel. Because less than that isn't going to cut
               | it.
               | 
               | And that may well require another leap of capabilities on
               | the AI front, it might even require GAI. But you are
               | entirely welcome to your own opinion, as I am to mine,
               | but after watching the self driving industry since the
               | 80's my timeframe is something like 25 years before
               | fusion will arrive.
               | 
               | There may be some intermediary 'artificial artificial
               | intelligence' solution where when stuck a remote driver
               | can take over. But that has its own set of problems and I
               | don't want to set this up as a strawman.
        
               | dastbe wrote:
               | Isn't the kind of driving that waymo and others have been
               | doing so far the edge case? Normal/ideal driving
               | conditions is not what I spend the majority of my time
               | driving in even if the different kinds of edge cases I
               | drive in are individually less of my time.
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | They are driving around the streets of San Francisco. It
               | may not be Mumbai, but it's not the highway either.
        
               | adoxyz wrote:
               | And we have various versions and levels of drivereless
               | cars today...
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | Do we? Where? The best version currently in existance
               | could be (generously) described as an automated bus that
               | only drives on a pre-mapped grid and still needs human
               | supervision because you can't quite trust it yet. The
               | most well known commercialy available "autopilot" (from
               | Tesla) is so hilariously bad that I honestly don't
               | understand how it's even legal to use, much less to sell
               | for real money.
        
               | treesprite82 wrote:
               | Waymo arguably reached level 4 with commercial taxis with
               | no human at the wheel a while back:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=__EoOvVkEMo
        
               | warcher wrote:
               | Even wide distribution of long-haul trucking
               | _exclusively_ on the interstate, or an automated bus-like
               | commuter service (but actually good, unlike the regular
               | bus), would be a pretty meaningful innovation, wouldn 't
               | it?
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | Of course, and it would be awesome, and I believe that
               | sort of thing is actually possible within a relatively
               | short timescale. General self driving like 90% of people
               | do every day? Nope, don't see that.
        
               | AlotOfReading wrote:
               | Neither waymo nor cruise currently require human
               | supervision. That's the whole point of this announcement:
               | waymo is expanding their driverless program to SF.
               | 
               | Whether the grid is pre-mapped or not isn't particularly
               | relevant. It's just how the technology works. The
               | vehicles aren't driving on rails, they just have more
               | semantic information about the world around them.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | We have various automated versions of lane assist, auto-
               | braking, and parallel parking that mostly work.
               | 
               | Fortunately, we also have a developing world where we can
               | pay humans $2/hour to mechanical-turk tele-operate our
               | 'mostly-working' AI.
        
             | brandonmenc wrote:
             | > with several years in Phoenix
             | 
             | I lived in Phoenix for nearly a decade. I moved there from
             | the snow belt.
             | 
             | Teaching a car to drive itself in Phoenix is barely a step
             | up from teaching it to drive in an empty parking lot.
        
           | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
           | It does not look far fetched at all. Current issues stem more
           | from legal wrangling over who is liable than whether cars can
           | drive in 'driverless' mode. I don't know what the future
           | holds, but it is nothing like fusion.
        
             | gambiting wrote:
             | >>Current issues stem more from legal wrangling over who is
             | liable than whether cars can drive in 'driverless' mode.
             | 
             | Honestly don't believe that at all. The tech is immature
             | and works only in a very narrow set of circumstances with a
             | lot of constraints - it's so far away from being functional
             | that the whole legal discussion around it is almost
             | academic at this point.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | Seeing is believing I suppose[1]. I dislike both Tesla
               | and CNN, but it is hard for me argue from this video that
               | the technology is immature. I stand by my original
               | comment. The tech is here. At this time, the main
               | question is who picks up the death toll responsibility.
               | 
               | [1].https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2PMu7MD9GvI
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | Tesla tech is much less mature than either Waymo or
               | Cruise.
        
           | adamsmith143 wrote:
           | Seems like a strange take. Companies are consistently making
           | measurable progress in driverless cars but Fusion is barely
           | inching forward over 5 year increments.
        
           | dmode wrote:
           | I agree with you. I used to be in the "driverless car in 10
           | years" camp. But after driving a Tesla for the last 5 years,
           | I know it is close to 50 years. My Tesla still does phantom
           | braking. So forget about dealing with weather, construction,
           | people, traffic, weird turns, weird signs etc. There is zero
           | chance I will turn Tesla FSD on in a place like Market street
           | in San Francisco
        
             | blhack wrote:
             | Do you actually have FSD or are you going off of how it
             | behaves when you use autopilot on city streets?
             | 
             | The FSD is _really_ good.
        
           | Waterluvian wrote:
           | I've been hearing "ten years" for ten years. I've learned not
           | to trust the opinions of tech people. They're really good at
           | fixating on only the pieces of a whole problem that they're
           | familiar with or interested in.
        
             | grandmczeb wrote:
             | We have self-driving cars operating in multiple cities
             | right now (Chandler and now SF) so it sounds like those
             | predictions were accurate?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | greycol wrote:
               | Sure, and in much the same way robot chefs that can cook
               | a whole meal exist. You just need to open the door put
               | your food in and push the start button and 30 seconds
               | later your food is ready.
        
               | grandmczeb wrote:
               | You can, today, order a car and go to sleep in the back
               | for 20 min while it drives you to your destination and
               | get out with no intervention. Can you explain how that
               | matches up with your analogy?
        
               | greycol wrote:
               | Just because something is semantically similar doesn't
               | mean it is what people expect when talking about an
               | object. I'm implying with that comparison that most
               | peoples definitions of a self driving car is not a car
               | that runs in such a limited set of circumstances, just
               | like most peoples definition of a cooking robot isn't a
               | microwave no matter if you start pointing out sensors and
               | movement to ensure better cooking. It may be a no true
               | scotsman fallacy but for me (and I'm assuming a chunk of
               | the people in this thread who are still talking about how
               | long _into the future_ until self driving cars are ready,
               | in the comment section of an article about exactly the
               | "self driving cars" you're talking about no less) a self
               | driving car that I can't buy or hire (at any cost) as a
               | replacement for my current car and have it self drive my
               | commute to work or an address on the other side of the
               | country is not a self driving car.
               | 
               | That opinion doesn't diminish the progress that has
               | already been made or the accomplishments of the various
               | engineering teams involved. It's just saying that when
               | people talk about self driving cars they're talking about
               | it as a drop in replacement to the general population of
               | car owners' cars not as a curated location/digital track
               | limited taxi service.
        
           | tgsovlerkhgsel wrote:
           | Given that by some reasonable definition we already _have_
           | driverless cars, albeit limited to two cities, why does that
           | sound implausible to you?
           | 
           | Cars that can drive everywhere, in every condition, without
           | humans intervening at least remotely and occasionally in some
           | limited way? Probably not.
           | 
           | Robo-taxis in most major cities and trucks that can reliably
           | handle the full interstate network, to be picked up by a
           | human driver for the last mile? Why not?
        
           | agumonkey wrote:
           | I'd say 30. War and climate slowing the money and motivation.
           | But it's really close to get done. It need one more leap and
           | I don't consider it impossible at all.
        
           | endymi0n wrote:
           | Well, it depends on your viewpoint. Just today somebody
           | celebrated a fusion Q of 0.005, while each year since many
           | now Tesla's Autopilot pulls off more accident-less miles than
           | humans.
           | 
           | Sure, it's apples to oranges, but for self-driving, we're
           | solving the last (and obviously hardest) percent, while for
           | fusion, we're still stuck solving the first.
        
           | blhack wrote:
           | I have a mostly driverless car _right now_ parked in my
           | garage. My Tesla does about 95% of driving for me.
           | 
           | I rode in a _fullY_ autonomous car, with nobody in the
           | drivers seat, about a year ago (we have had fully autonomous
           | waymos in Phoenix for a few years now).
        
             | gambiting wrote:
             | Yes, a do you not find yourself anxious about the remaining
             | 5%? I've seen FSD do some batshit insane stuff on the road
             | that even a geriatric blind driver wouldn't do. And it's
             | not like you have any time to react either, like, you have
             | to take over the steering _NOW_ because the car decided to
             | just give up in the middle of an intersection.
        
               | blhack wrote:
               | The remaining 5% are almost all situations where I take
               | over because I'm underestimating what the car is capable
               | of.
               | 
               | For instance: I don't like how close it drives to the
               | curb. _I_ don't drive close to the curb (and bias towards
               | the center of a road) because I only have two eyes, and
               | can't really see the curb as I'm moving. I have an
               | intuitive sense of how close I am, but that's it.
               | 
               | The car knows _exactly_ how close I am. So it driving in
               | the center of a lame, while it makes me nervous because
               | it's now how I drive, is perfectly acceptable.
               | 
               | What I wish Tesla would do: set up some closed courses
               | for people to come and experience what FSD is actually
               | capable of. It would help the current FSD users gain
               | confidence in the system, _and_ it would show it off to
               | people who haven't ever experienced it.
               | 
               | I seriously don't believe that most of the people who are
               | critical of this thing have spent much time with it. I'll
               | admit after the first day or so I was skeptical too, in
               | the same way I was skeptical of lane keeping and
               | proximity aware cruise control.
               | 
               | But at this point: I hate driving without these things.
               | They are an almost indescribable upgrade to the driving
               | experience for me.
        
               | adoxyz wrote:
               | Not at all, because I know that if the driving conditions
               | change and I have a feeling the car won't do well, I take
               | over. In other instances, where I know the car is going
               | to do just fine, like driving on the freeway, I enable
               | it.
               | 
               | FSD/Autonomous driving isn't an all or nothing scenario
               | for me. I use it when I deem it safe to be used, and
               | drive manually every other time.
        
             | belter wrote:
             | The 5% is the rest of Owl...
        
             | tomca32 wrote:
             | I was really disappointed with the service area though. I
             | was hoping it would be available as you say "in Phoenix",
             | but it's only available in Chandler which is just one
             | suburb south-east of Phoenix. Service has been this way
             | since it was introduced a few years ago. I really expected
             | them to expand by now.
        
           | ohyoutravel wrote:
           | For a lot of the things mentioned such as highway driving and
           | sleeping in the car, auto recharges, etc. I don't think it's
           | far fetched at all. For a driver assisted version of the
           | others, meaning autonomous driving lanes with precision
           | timing I don't think it's far fetched either given it's
           | basically building the infrastructure of highways in cities,
           | but even if not, I can completely imagine same but a driver
           | is required to be behind the wheel and aware.
        
           | seanmcdirmid wrote:
           | If you asked me 20 years ago if cars would drive as well as
           | they do now autonomously, I would have made the fusion power
           | joke. Today, no way. The technology hasn't gotten "stuck"
           | like fusion or (before DNNs) speech recognition did.
        
           | throwaway0a5e wrote:
           | We'll probably have a lot more partially automated vehicles
           | in 20yr.
           | 
           | Look at advanced ports and inter-modal yards. That sort of
           | human to vehicle ratio will probably move up the spectrum of
           | complexity in which it can be deployed and down the spectrum
           | of cost.
        
         | robotnikman wrote:
         | In cities with good weather I can see this (it basically sunny
         | clear weather here in phoenix all the time)
         | 
         | However, I could not see this working well in places like
         | Chicago. I have a hard time believing a self driving car could
         | safely navigate a road mostly covered in snow.
         | 
         | Either way it will be interesting to see what happens in the
         | next 10 years.
        
         | whyenot wrote:
         | How about:
         | 
         | Autonomous cars that can "tattle" to the authorities on
         | vehicles that break speed limits or violate traffic laws. Maybe
         | the owner of the autonomous vehicle would even get a cut of any
         | traffic fines.
        
         | tetsusaiga wrote:
         | > I know we'll have driverless cars within ten-years
         | 
         | Anyone else wish there was a platform to place this bet on?
         | Maybe with a smart contract? lol
        
         | trebligdivad wrote:
         | I think it's the 'relatively near-instant' that's not
         | happening; it's slowly happening in a few cities in limited
         | routes; I'm sure it'll get better/wider but as long as it's an
         | incremental thing then a lot of these problems aren't suddenly
         | going to happen.
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | A person's professional life lasts for around 30 years
           | (probably much more for the people born on some interval from
           | the 1980's to 2010's, depending on your country).
           | 
           | How does that speed compare?
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | 30 years seems kind of short. I get that in some places
             | (France comes to mind) it is common to retire pretty early.
             | With the associated destruction of cognitive skills,
             | unfortunately. But in the US I'd wager most people have a
             | professional life more along the lines of 45-50 years.
        
             | BatFastard wrote:
             | Going on 40 years here, just starting on a 10 year project.
             | I hope I am not 10 years overripe!
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | A blueprint for handling this can be cribbed off of "just
         | transition" plans for folks in fossil electrical generation
         | (coal) [1] [2] who are going to be out of a job in the next
         | 5-10 years. Looking back at history, the productivity gains
         | from automated vehicles can be split with the firms operating
         | these fleets with those being transitioned out (as happened
         | with the invention of the cargo container and Longshoremen's
         | unions [3]). Another resource that covers this topic (in part)
         | is The Box: How the Shipping Container Made the World Smaller
         | and the World Economy Bigger [4].
         | 
         | [1] https://www.justtransitionfund.org/
         | 
         | [2] https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2021/11/03/for-
         | a-j...
         | 
         | [3]
         | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/21533369.1999.96...
         | 
         | [4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Box_(Levinson_book)
        
           | boredumb wrote:
           | Even if we migrate all energy production from coal to solar,
           | solar panels require massive amounts of coal to produce. It's
           | a shell game at best.
        
             | toomuchtodo wrote:
             | > solar panels require massive amounts of coal to produce
             | 
             | I'm would prefer to not derail this thread (as I really
             | wanted to focus on the existing economic solutions for
             | industry transitions), but this is patently false and can
             | be determined as such with 5 minutes of using a search
             | engine with terms around solar EROEI (energy return on
             | energy invested) and the electrical generation mix of grids
             | where solar panels are produced.
        
               | boredumb wrote:
               | Coal and Quartz are used to produce modern solar panels.
               | No hand waving or EROEI can negate this fact.
               | 
               | Takes less than 5 seconds "using a search engine" to
               | discover this.
        
               | ChrisClark wrote:
               | He's not disputing that, he's disputing your "shell game"
               | comment. It's not a zero sum, and solar panel creation is
               | better in the long run compared to burning coal.
        
               | boredumb wrote:
               | That's not what he quoted so I misunderstood. I was
               | responding originally to the person insinuating that we
               | need to find new jobs for people in the coal industry.
               | Regardless of the energy returns, solar requires coal
               | which would require people to work in the coal industry.
        
               | dane-pgp wrote:
               | Just to put things in perspective:
               | 
               | 1. A 300 W solar panel weighs about 20 kg
               | 
               | 2. Approximately 90% of most PV modules are made up of
               | glass, so let's assume (incorrectly) that the other 10%
               | (i.e. 2 kg) is PVC
               | 
               | 3. It takes three pounds of coal to create one pound of
               | polyvinyl chloride (PVC), so 6 kg of coal
               | 
               | 4. 127 GW of new solar capacity was added in 2020, which
               | would require 127 GW / (300 W / 6 kg) = 2,540,000 tonnes
               | of coal
               | 
               | 5. Global coal production in 2019 is estimated at 7.9
               | billion tonnes, which is 3110 times more than is needed
               | 
               | 6. The coal mining industry employed 42,117 people in the
               | United States in 2020.
               | 
               | Therefore if that number of people could be scaled down
               | linearly with the amount of coal, to cover just the
               | production needed for solar panels, less than 14 people
               | would be needed to work in the US coal industry.
               | 
               | [1] https://ecowowlife.com/solar-panel-
               | dimensions/#300w_monocrys...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/201
               | 8/05/23...
               | 
               | [3] https://solvoltaics.com/much-coal-make-solar-panel/
               | 
               | [4] https://www.irena.org/newsroom/pressreleases/2021/Apr
               | /World-...
               | 
               | [5] https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/our-natural-
               | resources/minerals-minin...
               | 
               | [6] https://www.statista.com/statistics/215790/coal-
               | mining-emplo...
        
         | danielmarkbruce wrote:
         | It will be interesting, but I'd guess the "near instant" part
         | is wrong. Goods need to be moved around - trucks are in
         | constant use. It will take a long time to retro-fit trucks or
         | manufacture new ones. It will still be positive ROI to have a
         | human driving an existing truck for years. Taxis is harder and
         | could happen faster, but I'd still bet it's a 5-10 year
         | process.
        
         | boredumb wrote:
         | Short of a decades long infrastructure project, there won't be
         | any driverless cars outside of a few small areas of a few
         | cities.
        
         | tomc1985 wrote:
         | The unemployment part really concerns me. We are going to be
         | automating so many people out of jobs and there is going to be
         | no work or only minimum wage jobs out there for them. Whatever
         | field the majority of them train to will be slammed with pay
         | cuts as a glut of new workers gets added to the pool.
         | 
         | We really need to start implementing universal basic income
        
         | dalbasal wrote:
         | >>but has any government yet started planning for the
         | relatively near-instant transformation of the Trucker and Taxi
         | industry
         | 
         | Let me put it this way.... How often do any governments have a
         | plan for changes *beforehand?."
         | 
         | Almost every western country saw "deindustrialization" at some
         | point, predictably cutting off whole cohorts from wages,
         | pensions and lifestyles. None had a plan.
         | 
         | They watched Walmart behead high streets and then watched
         | Amazon behead the survivors. No plan. War is, arguably, the
         | thing we plan and provision for the most. Wartime refugees
         | always seem to take us by surprise.
         | 
         | I'm sure someone somewhere, in theory, had a plan for a
         | pandemic. But when it happened, a whole lot seemed to be off
         | the cuff.
         | 
         | Stuff happens, then we plan and react. At best.
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | We have a plan for climate change.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | Given that climate change is already well underway, it
             | looks more like a wishful attempt at reaction than any kind
             | of plan.
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | I think you overestimate government planning and the amount of
         | infrastructure that will actually be built. For example,
         | assuming autonomous vehicles will get signal preemption, when
         | not even city buses get even signal priority today.
        
         | throw8383833jj wrote:
         | Right now there is a vast undersupply of truck drivers and it's
         | only getting much worse within the next few years. There's so
         | many truck drivers just about to retire. One presentation
         | called it a truck driving apocalypse.
        
         | givemeethekeys wrote:
         | What will happen: - Truckers will go out of work in very large
         | quantities. - They will go into other trades. - Many won't.
         | Crime may go up if we don't figure out how to create more jobs
         | for the type of people who chose trucking.
        
         | dogman144 wrote:
         | No, I don't think anyone with the possible means is preparing
         | meaningfully.
         | 
         | Yang did a good job of grokking the implications, but he wasn't
         | taken very seriously and his messaging wasn't great I think.
         | But the crux of it was solid - "XX thousand mid 30's truckers
         | w/ iffy education all out of work, and that work was one of the
         | last solid, fairly high paying long term jobs that demographic
         | could land so how happy will that demographic be?"
         | 
         | Buttigieg is a smart guy and he might be thinking about it per
         | his DoT seat, but I haven't followed his takes on it if they
         | exist. Watching some of the cybersec-focused hearings and
         | comments from Ben Sasse also seem to indicate technical
         | awareness.
         | 
         | Overall, I do think some of the more tuned-in politicians have
         | read some Jaron Lanier though based on the policy ideas that
         | nod in this direction I've heard about and how they mirror his
         | writing. He doesn't paint a great mid-term picture (tldr a lot
         | of unemployment) but long term he offers some interesting ideas
         | on how there might be a positive landing - data-aggregators
         | collapse under the weight of their own data management costs
         | vs. ability to really parse it well for profit ("siren
         | servers"), automation/internet taxes which open up a UBI based
         | on the robot labor, that sort of thing.
         | 
         | This sounds really cynical and ageist but I do think we're in a
         | standstill until Buttigieg and his generation are the senior
         | leaders. Even breaching the surface of the pretty good
         | certainty of what you describe (to include the sci fi -> real
         | life mapping trend you mention, which I agree with) when
         | watching these tech hearings makes me think we have some time
         | to wait.
        
         | emkoemko wrote:
         | what do you mean 10 years? i remember Elon saying to buy a
         | Telsa in like 2018 because in a year it would make you 60,000 a
         | year by being a robo taxi? this has not happened?
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | I still get a chuckle out of the Elon fans who thought for
           | some reason a huge fleet of robotaxis would somehow make them
           | rich instead of become an instant race to the bottom on
           | prices.
        
         | rootusrootus wrote:
         | 10 years is a pipe dream. It will be much slower. And you seem
         | focused only on the easy cases, when it's the hard ones that
         | will make it such a slow transition.
         | 
         | Long haul drives are the edge case, last-mile trucking won't be
         | anywhere near the first thing to get automated, people aren't
         | suddenly going to want to sleep in their car to do overnight
         | trips, etc. The biggest future change to fuel stops is
         | electrification, not automated cars.
         | 
         | Consider for a moment that Waymo is very early into the "hey,
         | we are allowing driverless rides on _very well mapped_ roads! "
         | situation. How many years have they been almost at that point
         | already? Now put that together with the typical R&D timeline
         | for a new car (perhaps 6 years plus or minus), and the average
         | lifespan of a car (11 years and climbing, last I checked). No
         | manufacturer has legitimate driverless cars in the production
         | pipeline. We're quite a lot farther than 10 years from seeing
         | _any_ consumer driverless cars on the road, much less a
         | significant enough number of them to worry about  'two-tier'
         | driving experiences. The EV transition is going lightning fast
         | by comparison.
        
           | gitfan86 wrote:
           | If you are saying that people will still be driving cars in
           | 10 years, then yes you are right. I wouldn't be surprised if
           | 100 years from now there were still roads where it was legal
           | for humans to drive cars.
           | 
           | But we should expect that this transition will be very
           | similar to the transition from horses to cars. The first cars
           | were unreliable and unsafe and didn't work well on roads
           | designed for horses. But as cars improved the advantages
           | quickly became huge and demand for horses dropped quickly.
           | 
           | The same situation is happening with Tesla. FSD is unreliable
           | and unsafe today but once it hits an inflection point the
           | advantages are so big more and more people become willing to
           | accept the downsides.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | I remain skeptical. The differences between horse and car
             | were dramatic. An automated car is still a car. I suspect
             | it may have as many downsides as upsides, to be honest
             | (similar to things like Uber making traffic worse, not
             | better, counterintuitively).
        
               | gitfan86 wrote:
               | True, the first order effects can be worse in some ways.
               | Horses can easily go off road and step over obstructions
               | and cars cannot.
               | 
               | The big deal is the second order effects. Cars can driver
               | 50 MPH so we build highways and now we can have suburbs.
               | 
               | For autonomy it means that logistics systems can be
               | centrally planned and programmed like never before with
               | no need to factor in the human costs or restraints around
               | sleeping, stopping for food, etc. Then the third order
               | effects of that are very hard to predict
        
               | spideymans wrote:
               | >An automated car is still a car
               | 
               | Early cars were designed as [carriages with the horses re
               | moved](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horseless_carriage).
               | It would not be until many years later until we saw car
               | designs that leveraged the unique technological
               | advantages of horseless cars to deliver designs that
               | looked and functioned nothing like horse-drawn carriages.
               | We're still at this stage with automated driving.
               | 
               | As automated vehicles become more commonplace, we'll see
               | designs that leverage the inherent benefits of automaton.
               | For example, we might see designs that essentially
               | function as moving living rooms, bedrooms or meeting
               | rooms on wheels. We might see other designs that resemble
               | small busses, where groups of people travelling to
               | geographically proximate locations can carpool into a
               | single automated vehicle. Heck, we might even see
               | something like moving diners on wheels (potentially
               | serving several clients at once), because why wouldn't
               | you want to eat a hot breakfast in the "car" while on the
               | way to the airport or work.
               | 
               | Once these new designs and use cases become commonplace,
               | people in the future will view our car designs as
               | increasingly archaic and restrictive (just like how we
               | view horse-drawn carriages today).
        
             | megablast wrote:
             | Hopefully cars are banned soon.
             | 
             | So we can put an end to all the death they cause, and the
             | pollution they create.
        
             | darepublic wrote:
             | seems like waymo is ahead of tesla now, just gleaning from
             | the articles I read on HN. and because tesla only uses
             | cameras and not lidar I don't know if this is a temporary
             | situation or something more fundamental
        
         | Seattle3503 wrote:
         | I am a bit petty. After my last speeding ticket in a small
         | drive through town I thought to myself "In a decade or two,
         | these police departments will need to find a new way to fund
         | themselves"
        
         | mejutoco wrote:
         | I will believe self-driving car is near once I see truck
         | drivers automated. If truck-driving cannot be profitable (with
         | the advantage of no breaks, unlike humans, and a semi-fixed
         | route) how could a personal vehicle or taxi be profitable? It
         | seems it could be one of the first places to optimize. Trucks
         | are so expensive, so they could be early adopters.
         | 
         | I still think your prediction is too optimist. IMO (I admit,
         | based on gut feeling) either we won't have it or the goals will
         | have changed and it will only work in special roads (almost
         | like rails for trains). See you in 10 years (if hn still
         | exists!)
        
         | mc32 wrote:
         | Also high-jackings. Not sure if automation would encourage it
         | or discourage it. It's not a big problem presently but who
         | knows... trains in LA were getting looted in their yards.
        
         | jordanpg wrote:
         | If industry leads regulation on this, I predict a Challenger-
         | like disaster that sets the self-driving industry back by
         | decades. A fatal school bus collision or something like that.
         | 
         | I hope the companies making these things are calculating
         | margins for safety, tripling them, adding triple failsafes for
         | everything, and not compromising on any safety standard, ever.
         | 
         | But we all know they aren't. There's far too much money at
         | stake.
         | 
         | If there ever was a case for the government to proactively
         | apply standards, this is it. Yes, there would be a delay, but
         | it would be worth it, measured against the psychological and
         | legal damage that will occur _when_ (not if) the unthinkable
         | occurs. Given probability p, and sufficiently large N and t, it
         | is inevitable.
        
           | AlotOfReading wrote:
           | There's already been an industry-shaking accident that led to
           | vast reforms in regulation and program design: the Elaine
           | Herzberg crash.
           | 
           | I can't speak to every company in the space (and I can think
           | of a couple that don't seem to have much in the way of
           | safety), but all of organizations I've worked for are very
           | diligent about safety and looking to improve. N > 1 here, so
           | they exist.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | That crash did not have the kind of effect on the
             | perpetrators that it should have had.
        
               | AlotOfReading wrote:
               | Neither did the challenger disaster. Both are
               | continuously (and somewhat tediously) referenced in the
               | introduction to every safety-related discussion,
               | alongside therac-25 for software talks and the martian
               | orbiter for units library talks.
        
           | sebzim4500 wrote:
           | I don't think a single fatal school bus collision will do
           | much. After all, there are fatal collisions with human
           | drivers all the time and yet there is very little public
           | support for banning human drivers.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | We can't live without human drivers, though. We can
             | absolutely live without automated cars. And when it becomes
             | clear that corporate greed drove some cost-cutting choice
             | which made the automated car less safe by design, it will
             | be the kiss of death for the technology.
        
         | munk-a wrote:
         | I, personally, am waiting for the first self-driving car flash
         | mob where everyone on 4chan decides to order a taxi to pick
         | them up at mission & embarcadero (as an example) to swarm and
         | DDoS intersections - or try to route a lot of requests to an
         | intersection cut off by a parade. If self-driving cars were a
         | thing last year do you think antifa folks would order a bunch
         | of cab pickups for key intersections in the middle of the Jan
         | 6th march?
        
           | simsla wrote:
           | Sounds like a thing you can do with Uber already.
        
             | munk-a wrote:
             | Humans would error correct - if there are too many uber
             | drivers in the area already new drivers would drop the ride
             | request. I think if you managed to remove all humans from
             | that process you'd be able to get some truly bizarre
             | scenarios.
        
         | mgraczyk wrote:
         | Hopefully governments do what they do best; get out of the way.
         | 
         | There will still be plenty of jobs for drivers for the next
         | 10-20 years. We'll see a mix of people retiring early,
         | retraining, and switching into support and operational roles.
         | 
         | Out legal system is extremely flexible and will easily
         | accommodate self driving cars. It already handles more complex
         | ownership issues related to product liability.
         | 
         | There won't be a problem with fake taxis just like there isn't
         | problem with fake mail delivery (delivering bombs for the
         | "lols").
        
           | JaimeThompson wrote:
           | >Hopefully governments do what they do best; get out of the
           | way.
           | 
           | I really don't want a world in which governments get out of
           | the way of food regulation, building codes, and other such
           | things.
        
             | mgraczyk wrote:
             | Well I didn't say they should always do nothing. They are
             | just better at getting out of the way than solving problems
             | in most cases. Sometimes the issue is that nobody else has
             | the incentives or means to solve a problem (climate change,
             | food safety)
             | 
             | Reorganizing the economy around trucker job displacement is
             | not something the government needs to be involved in.
        
               | JaimeThompson wrote:
               | Providing worker retraining & job placement assistance
               | isn't the government getting out of the way. They are
               | humans and they will need assistance so we should provide
               | it.
        
         | la64710 wrote:
         | On top of all these , this particular announcement is nothing
         | close to a commercial launch. It is like this forever beta
         | phase where only Waymo engineers are getting picked up and
         | nothing different than a thousand other startups that are
         | running autonomous cars in SFO along various spectrum of
         | autonomy.
        
         | TheDong wrote:
         | > * Fake taxi's that drive a customer into a bad experience for
         | "lols".
         | 
         | Some of the other points seem legitimate, but this one seems
         | silly.
         | 
         | It's trivially easy _now_ for someone to sign up for uber and
         | drive people to random locations, and that doesn't happen.
         | 
         | Presumably, with driverless taxis, we'll still have the same
         | level of assurance we have now (use the app, app tells us a
         | license plate for a valid car, that's the one you get into).
         | Right now, you can get a driver who misbehaves, or uber could
         | get hacked and send incorrect dropoff locations. In a
         | driverless world, only the second attack matters since the
         | chance of a malicious driver is gone.
        
         | freedomben wrote:
         | This is (hopefully) overly cynical, but having worked in and
         | closely with politicians in the past, I highly doubt it.
         | 
         | There are surely interest groups and think thanks that are
         | working on the problem, and they will (if they don't already),
         | have some legislation either ready to go or close to it.
         | 
         | The politicians won't even think about it until it becomes an
         | actual problem that threatens votes, and when they do start
         | caring they will just take whatever they can get from
         | friendly/trusted think tanks and try to ram it through. The
         | bills will be thousands of pages long and practically nobody
         | will read them before voting for them.
        
           | throwaway0a5e wrote:
           | Good. Law should always lag social consensus. The power of
           | the state should not be thrown around at the behest of
           | unaccountable experts or a razor's edge majority. It should
           | require the support and consent of the bulk of the people.
        
             | HWR_14 wrote:
             | > Law should always lag social consensus.
             | 
             | Oh fuck no. Social consensus is too slow. Look at the
             | social consensus that tracking was bad followed expert
             | consensus by like a decade, and really only started
             | appearing after EU regulation.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | The "experts" also thought if Vietnam went communist the
               | whole continent would. The "experts" gave us the war on
               | drugs. The fatherless black household and the lazy black
               | man weren't stereotypes until the "experts" tried to help
               | minorities.
               | 
               | How many lives are you willing to ruin and how much blood
               | are you willing to spill getting things wrong? The power
               | of the state shouldn't be thrown around on a whim or
               | subject to subject specific industry fads and circle
               | jerks.
        
               | eptcyka wrote:
               | I don't believe that there's a right answer that will fit
               | all cases here - for issues like same sex marriage, you
               | can find all permutations of social acceptance and lawful
               | acceptance all over earth, yet I think it's hard to
               | justify any position besides lawful and social
               | acceptance.
        
               | jjoonathan wrote:
               | So if you don't touch the lever on the trolley you aren't
               | responsible for the millions of people it plows through
               | on the default track? Uh-huh. Keep telling yourself that.
               | 
               | Look, I invest in companies that stand to benefit in this
               | transition and I want my stonks to go up -- but I'm
               | horrified by the apathetic excuses people toss out to
               | rationalize ignoring the externalities. Strengthening the
               | safety net is the _least_ we can do.  "What if we get it
               | wrong?" sounds an awful lot like "it's gonna cost money
               | and I don't want to pay" to my ears.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | History is littered with the stories of people who
               | thought the end justified the means. The 20th century
               | eugenicists thought they were improving humanity. The
               | people who tried to civilize the natives with
               | Christianity thought they were saving them from eternal
               | suffering. The "if the .gov doesn't get involved things
               | will go to shit and you'll be sorry" stuff you are saying
               | is basically what people who were ardent proponents of
               | things like restrictive zoning were saying and we all
               | know how well that worked.
               | 
               | I'm not saying don't do anything. I'm saying it's more
               | than ill-advised to get the vast resources of the modern
               | state involved in things on the whims of "experts"
               | because hubris abounds.
        
               | freedomben wrote:
               | I think you and GP are both right. The Trolly Problem is
               | legit and real. OTOH humans (especially those exercising
               | any sort of power) are grossly incompetent, arrogant, and
               | good at leaving trails of suffering behind them.
               | 
               | I also think you're not really disagreeing. GP is talking
               | about specific implementations while you are talking
               | about high level philosophy.
        
         | ffggvv wrote:
         | saw this same comment 10 years ago..
        
         | dham wrote:
         | It's becoming very clear that we'll have to solve general
         | purpose AI to solve self driving completely.
        
         | mbesto wrote:
         | > I know we'll have driverless cars within ten-years
         | 
         |  _If_ we get driverless cars (meaning there literally isn 't a
         | steering wheel), it may happen within 10-years BUT only for
         | last mile stuff (or vice versa for trucking). It won't be an
         | overnight event. We won't see truly driverless vehicles across
         | the board for decades, if at all.
         | 
         | TL;DR - It won't be as instant as you think.
        
         | dwighttk wrote:
         | Are there examples of a government seeing a large shift coming
         | and preparing well for it? I guess there's be fewer because
         | they might not mention it after the fact, but...
        
         | thehappypm wrote:
         | There is a labor shortage. Shifting labor from essentially low
         | productivity things like overseeing gas stations to other
         | industries is better for the economy.
        
           | boredumb wrote:
           | "Anybody who can go down 3,000 feet in a mine can sure as
           | hell learn to program as well... Anybody who can throw coal
           | into a furnace can learn how to program, for God's sake!"
        
           | reaperducer wrote:
           | _There is a labor shortage. Shifting labor from essentially
           | low productivity things like overseeing gas stations to other
           | industries is better for the economy._
           | 
           | Only if you believe that every person is equally able and
           | qualified to perform every other job that exists in an
           | economy.
           | 
           | People aren't cogs, and they're not universally
           | interchangeable, no matter what the economic textbooks would
           | like people on the internet to believe.
        
             | ydlr wrote:
             | > People aren't cogs
             | 
             | Exactly. They are extremely adaptive, capable of learning
             | and doing many things. Sure, not everyone can do
             | everything, but there are also no purpose-built humans
             | capable of only one job.
        
             | thehappypm wrote:
             | Sure, but the labor demand is also large and spans a wide
             | gamut of skills. Someone who used to be a gas station
             | cashier can certainly find work elsewhere.
        
             | seanmcdirmid wrote:
             | > People aren't cogs, and they're not universally
             | interchangeable
             | 
             | People aren't, but humanity is...meaning those drivers
             | might not adapt to new work, but at least their children
             | will. The Luddites had huge problems with obsolescence, but
             | their kids got by OK. A social safety net could take the
             | edge of the transition rather than just delaying the
             | transition indefinitely.
        
         | nevir wrote:
         | On the trucking side of things, I think it'll actually be a
         | positive for the industry in the short term (a decade or two),
         | before the jobs really start to dry up.
         | 
         | Rail freight will probably be impacted by automated trucks
         | sooner than road freight, weirdly enough.
         | 
         | My guess about the industry's progression:
         | 
         | * Automated trucks take over long haul routes (e.g. highway
         | driving) between major distribution hubs, and previous long
         | haul drivers move to middle and last mile routes.
         | 
         | * Shippers begin to shift freight away from trains and towards
         | trucks (because price of trucks goes down, speed of delivery
         | goes up)
         | 
         | * Automated truck centric freeways (or lanes) begin to show up,
         | allowing for higher density and speeds of truck traffic. Price
         | further falls, volume increases. More jobs created in short and
         | medium haul trucking to handle increased volume of things being
         | shipped.
         | 
         | * Automated trucks begin to be able to handle medium haul
         | (inner city between warehouses), jobs start declining.
         | 
         | * Automated trucks begin to be able to handle short haul (last
         | mile), truckers are a truly dying breed at this point.
        
           | munificent wrote:
           | This sounds like slowly reinventing trains, but worse.
        
             | 1270018080 wrote:
             | A lot of people in America suffer from car-brain. Car
             | infrastructure is the only thing they know.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | Conversely, a lot of people in smaller, denser countries
               | suffer from anti-car-brain, and don't appreciate the
               | difficulty implementing comprehensive public
               | infrastructure on an America scale.
        
               | 1270018080 wrote:
               | And those difficulties are imaginary. If I wanted a high
               | speed public rail line throughout Florida, a dense,
               | narrow, flat state that's the size of a small country.
               | Where is the scale challenge?
               | 
               | Europe and America are about the same size. Why aren't
               | you concerned about European scale? Why does it matter
               | how your brain pictures administrative boundaries?
        
           | smoe wrote:
           | Wouldn't it be faster for the autonomous trucks to go on
           | autonomous trains in-between major hubs then drive off to do
           | the last mile?
           | 
           | Might require a built up of rail infrastructure and I don't
           | know the limits of freight trains in general, but seeing
           | passenger trains, going 2-3x faster than road speed limits I
           | reckon while maybe not by as much, freight trains could still
           | go quite a bit faster than driving the trucks long distances.
        
           | marcusverus wrote:
           | Once the driving is automated, what would prevent us from
           | having a "fully" automated package delivery infrastructure?
           | The roadblocks that come to mind (Box & labeling
           | standardization, warehouse automations like
           | pickers/packers/unpackers) all seem like much simpler
           | problems than automated driving.
           | 
           | I may be grossly oversimplifying the issue :)
        
         | reaperducer wrote:
         | _has any government yet started planning for the relatively
         | near-instant transformation of the Trucker and Taxi industry_
         | 
         | I can't say for taxis, but according to the newspapers, Texas
         | has been running automated tractor trailers between Dallas and
         | Houston (about 230 miles) for at least a year, and at least one
         | other state has been doing it for at least two years. (Possibly
         | Nevada, between Vegas and either Reno or Phoenix. But my memory
         | is fuzzy on that, and I have zero confidence in Google.)
         | 
         | Texas has also been thinking about building special lanes or
         | highways just for automated tractor trailers.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | That is in my opinion the way to go with this, to either
           | adapt the infrastructure to make it work or to at least
           | separate the self driving traffic and the 'normal' traffic so
           | the two won't interfere.
        
           | dont__panic wrote:
           | > special lanes or highways just for automated tractor
           | trailers.
           | 
           | I know that there's last-mile advantages to this compared to
           | what already exists, but god damn I just cannot get over the
           | fact that we've just reinvented trains with a much larger
           | environmental impact.
        
             | micromacrofoot wrote:
             | but they're cheaper _at first_
        
             | clairity wrote:
             | the way to think of these is as instantly reconfigurable
             | trains. in an ideal market, an enterprising entreprenuer
             | would be able to install tracks on the most used routes and
             | lower costs (and emissions). but we've long succumbed to
             | corruption and financialization in markets (note that if
             | risk is priced properly, capital wouldn't need to evaluate
             | opportunities deeply, but would rather take every NPV-
             | positive project available, in order of expected returns,
             | in a large and diverse enough portfolio to mitigate
             | systemic risk).
        
         | tintor wrote:
         | You forgot: * risk of cyber attack instructing all vehicles in
         | one fleet to accelerate, steer into groups of pedestrians, or
         | drive off bridges
        
         | tonmoy wrote:
         | This looks exactly like a comment I saw around 2008. In all
         | seriousness, I don't think it makes sense to waste resources on
         | planning for autonomous vehicles as it is not guaranteed
         | (probably not even likely) to have them in the near future
        
         | zjaffee wrote:
         | Lowering the cost of driving doesn't mean there will be less
         | jobs in the transportation space, if anything it means there
         | will be more jobs.
         | 
         | Truck drivers jobs are the monitor and secure the shipment just
         | as much as anything else. Taxi drivers have to keep their cars
         | clean.
         | 
         | And a lower cost of shipping will just mean that more stuff
         | gets shipped in what would otherwise be a less efficient way,
         | no different than how faster computers often just lead to less
         | efficient software design.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | daenz wrote:
       | The clip at 0:42s impressed me https://youtu.be/O8TSA-X9UlU?t=42
       | because the behavior seems to be trying to "edge in" and assert
       | fairness, which is what humans expect of each other in these
       | situations.
        
         | akira2501 wrote:
         | There's a huge danger in trying to anthropomorphize these
         | systems too much, unless you believe there really is a
         | "fairness" model built in. If not, then we shouldn't try to
         | understand what it's doing in these terms.
         | 
         | A problem I spotted is, shortly after that turn, it sees the
         | person ahead trying to parallel park... and then it give them
         | several car lengths of distance while it waits. It's waiting so
         | far back that the vehicle behind it couldn't fully clear the
         | intersection.
         | 
         | That's not particularly "fair" of it to do that.. nor is giving
         | such a large space to the parallel parking particularly useful
         | or expected. I do not have high expectations for a road filled
         | with this level of barely autonomous agents operating smoothly
         | en masse.
        
       | spupe wrote:
       | This is a major landmark. Excited to see the results.
        
       | atx42 wrote:
       | Trucks that drive highways solely automatically, I'd expect would
       | come way before cars navigating cities. I'd think trucks could
       | just pull over on the shoulder in unusual conditions, e.g. bad
       | weather, construction.
       | 
       | I suppose it's more a legal issue. Cars just need permission
       | within a city, whereas trucks cross lots of legal boundaries?
        
         | adam_arthur wrote:
         | That's been the confusing thing for me. I'm sure automated
         | trucking is being worked on, but all the media/conversation
         | seems to be around consumer vehicles.
         | 
         | Automated trucking is a much more impactful, and frankly easier
         | problem to solve. You could simply automate highway part and
         | have manual take over near cities to remove 90% of the
         | challenge.
        
         | redytedy wrote:
         | There's also a perception challenge that doesn't exist in
         | cities. At highway speeds and longer stopping distances, you
         | need your perception stack to see much further. Still an active
         | area of research.
        
         | phendrenad2 wrote:
         | I'm hoping that self-driving trucks result in separate highway
         | lanes, or perhaps even dedicated roads. A road just for self-
         | driving trucks wouldn't need a passing lane, or a breakdown
         | lane (if a truck breaks down, someone can be dispatched to fix
         | it, and it's okay if the whole roadway of autonomous trucks
         | comes to a stop).
         | 
         | (Yes I know, I've just reinvented trains, but trains would
         | likely coexist with this, and they serve different purposes
         | (trucks are better at going over mountains, for instance))
        
           | tgsovlerkhgsel wrote:
           | With some minimal standardization, these could also drive
           | with almost zero distance between each other, braking
           | together. This would significantly reduce air resistance and
           | road space usage.
        
       | belter wrote:
       | Anything that changed radically since 2021?
       | 
       | "Waymo and Cruise self-driving cars took over San Francisco
       | streets at record levels in 2021 -- so did collisions with other
       | cars, scooters, and bikes" [1]
       | 
       | "...Many of the accidents, which the companies are required to
       | report to the California Department of Motor Vehicles, occurred
       | while the vehicles were operating in manual mode, with a safety
       | driver in control.
       | 
       | ...But according to an analysis by Insider, a majority of the 98
       | reported accidents in 2021 occurred while the vehicles were in
       | autonomous mode, or within seconds after the autonomous mode
       | technology had been switched off..."
       | 
       | [1] https://www.businessinsider.com/self-driving-car-
       | accidents-w...
        
         | grandmczeb wrote:
         | Can't read the article because of the paywall, but just because
         | an accident "occurred while the vehicles were in autonomous
         | mode, or within seconds after the autonomous mode technology
         | had been switched off" doesn't mean the collision was the car's
         | fault. The real question is how many of those accidents would
         | have been prevented if a human was driving.
        
         | shkkmo wrote:
         | I'm not sure what you are getting at? As that article notes, in
         | 2021 accidents only doubled while the autonomously driven miles
         | more than tripled?
         | 
         | Waymo has been scaling their level of testing with their level
         | of safety. What has changed is that Waymo think they are safe
         | enough to start doing more widespread testing in SF without a
         | safety driver.
         | 
         | This seems to be a strong counter to all those who were
         | claiming that level 4 self-driving cars would be limited to
         | flat, dry climates for the forseable future.
        
       | consumer451 wrote:
       | I recently learned of Wayve via Pieter Abbeel's interview of Alex
       | Kendall.
       | 
       | This seemed like the first real contender for Tesla in my view.
       | Would love to hear everyone else's take.
       | 
       | https://www.therobotbrains.ai/who-is-alex-kendall-wayve
        
         | sytelus wrote:
         | Wayve pushes very hard on what is called "end-to-end" approach.
         | That means, you input sensing into the deep network and out
         | comes the controls. No ifs and buts. When it came out on 2017,
         | no one I knew believed that it can possibly work with
         | reasonable reliability to actually put things in production.
         | Deep learning is simply not there. You can converse with GPT-3
         | and find few great example to cite but within few tried you
         | will encounter things which don't make sense. Deep learning is
         | a great component to provide pattern recognition but there are
         | still a lot many more pieces such as memory, abstractions,
         | compositions etc that we have no idea how to do it. The pattern
         | recognition can certainly emulate those pieces to certain
         | extent but it's not the same thing. Consequently, E2E self-
         | driving only using current state of deep learning is unlikely
         | to produce something beyond video clip demos.
        
       | jeffbee wrote:
       | One thing I am glad for is the presence of Waymo in SF has
       | upgraded the detail on Google Maps in that city. Every curb,
       | sidewalk, marked crosswalk, and other feature of the streetscape
       | now appears in Google Maps. It's really improving. Compare:
       | 
       | https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=19/37.76628/-122.46048
       | 
       | https://www.google.com/maps/@37.7663897,-122.4603632,19.6z?h...
       | 
       | Google Maps has this level of detail in. S.F. and Phoenix, their
       | two self-driving launch cities, and not in other places like say
       | Denver or Charlotte, so I surmise this data is attributable to
       | Waymo.
        
         | dntrkv wrote:
         | Oh wow I didn't realize they have the trees marked on the maps.
         | That's pretty cool.
        
         | ra7 wrote:
         | Do you happen to know if this is because of Waymo? I've always
         | wondered how much of a feedback loop there is between Waymo and
         | Google Maps. They've never officially confirmed anything and I
         | can't find any literature on it.
        
           | advisedwang wrote:
           | I got the impression that the extra data is not collected by
           | Waymo, it's collected by ariel photography and streetview
           | cards. However it is in a sense _because_ of waymo - they
           | need to collect this additional data to provide the best maps
           | to the autonomous cars.
        
           | gundmc wrote:
           | According to their blog post[1], this is done with satellite
           | imagery and not Waymo data.
           | 
           | [1] - https://blog.google/products/maps/google-maps-101-ai-
           | power-n...
        
             | jeffbee wrote:
             | Interesting. If true, I wonder why the highly detailed map
             | of Chandler AZ ends abruptly at the boundary of the Waymo
             | One service area.
        
         | habi wrote:
         | OpenStreetMap has all the curbs, sidewalks and crosswalks, too.
         | They are not _rendered_ in OSM Carto [1], but show up in the
         | data, when you click on the edit link, or load the region in
         | JOSM [2].
         | 
         | Here's a screenshot of the region in JOSM
         | https://share.getcloudapp.com/X6uEexZo, and here in iD [3]:
         | https://share.getcloudapp.com/7KuQPyLg
         | 
         | The benches are even mapped with their 'viewing direction' and
         | color :)
         | 
         | [1]: The standard style on osm.org:
         | https://github.com/gravitystorm/openstreetmap-carto
         | 
         | [2]: The powerful editor for OSM data:
         | https://josm.openstreetmap.de
         | 
         | [3]: The editor behind the 'Edit' button on osm.org:
         | https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD
        
       | AvAn12 wrote:
       | Is anyone thinking about "road neutrality" issues, such as: -
       | Tiered priority: can people pay up to give their autonomous ride
       | priority over others? - Differential access: can certain
       | neighborhoods be made inaccessible to Avs originating in certain
       | other neighborhoods? Or only accessible to friends and families
       | of residents? (virtual gated community / virtual redlining)
        
         | hammock wrote:
         | Good social credit score? The fast lane opens up for you (or
         | you pay a lower toll).
        
         | dymk wrote:
         | This isn't really a set of "problems" that don't/couldn't exist
         | already with human driven cars. You can already pay to use the
         | HOV lane in some places, gated communities already exist, etc.
        
           | AvAn12 wrote:
           | I'm thinking more like an algorithmic bias, which we have
           | already seen in retail and banking ML/AI systems. Virtual
           | version of how taxis won't serve certain neighborhoods or
           | pick up certain people based on appearances. How do we ensure
           | that autonomous vehicles don't surreptitiously implement
           | biased behavior like this?
           | 
           | And I think it's actually a problem if it's possible to pay
           | up for expedited routing. Implementing faster car travel for
           | rich people is not the same as HOV lanes.
        
       | dontreact wrote:
       | I'm curious on the HN community opinion on whether Cruise is
       | ahead of Waymo in SF, or if Waymo is just more careful and has
       | spent less time training models specific to SF, but will expand
       | to a fully public program sooner
        
         | avthrowaway35 wrote:
         | My take as someone in the industry, but at neither of these two
         | companies:
         | 
         | Cruise is limited (by their own choice) to operating between 11
         | PM and 5 AM. Waymo is operating at all hours of the day. That
         | alone indicates a much greater level of confidence in their
         | capabilities. The complexity of driving in a busy street in SF
         | at daytime is dramatically higher than at night, especially in
         | SF, which tends to be pretty sleepy after hours. Note that both
         | companies avoid driving in SOMA, FIDI, and other challenging
         | parts of the city.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | wutbrodo wrote:
           | Cruise is running _driverlessly_ at nighttime. Like Waymo,
           | they're driving autonomously 24/7 around San Francisco, just
           | with a safety driver.
           | 
           | This new announcement doesn't specify their driverless hours.
           | I suspect that they would have highlighted it if they were
           | the first to be driving around SF in the daytime, just as
           | they highlighted the first of being driverlessly deployed in
           | multiple cities.
           | 
           | My guess (also in the industry) would be that Waymo combines
           | Google's incredible technical skill with Google's incredible
           | incompetence at focused execution. This is why they haven't
           | had a milestone in a couple years since their deployment in
           | Phoenix. I also think that this combination of strengths and
           | weaknesses is a good fit for the AV industry.
        
             | avthrowaway35 wrote:
             | They include footage of their drive without a safety
             | operator and it's in the middle of the day.
             | 
             | https://youtu.be/O8TSA-X9UlU
        
               | jeffbee wrote:
               | I wonder what the little icon is that the Waymo viz is
               | putting on top of those double-parked cars.
        
               | CobrastanJorji wrote:
               | I'd guess you answered your own question. It's an icon of
               | a car next to some car-shaped blobs, so "double parked"
               | or "stopped in a traffic lane" sounds like a good guess.
        
               | wutbrodo wrote:
               | You are correct, and it says so in the article. Really
               | not sure how I missed that. Sorry!
        
         | jdavis703 wrote:
         | At this point, being let's say a "transportation safety
         | activist" in the Bay Area, they seem about the same.
         | 
         | That said, I've seen Waymo still being too cautious relative to
         | Cruise. Like I was waiting on the crosswalk with my bike at a
         | 45-degree angle, and Waymo seemed terrified that I was going to
         | bike diagonally through on-coming traffic. It was kind of
         | hilarious.
         | 
         | That said when I've tried to test the safety parameters on
         | Cruise while on my bike or skateboard and the system has called
         | my bluff. I don't know if this means Cruise is less safe. Or
         | they've found a way to give the AI a sense of confidence and
         | assertiveness against people using micromobility to
         | aggressively bypass urban traffic congestion.
        
           | bckr wrote:
           | > Or they've found a way to give the AI a sense of confidence
           | and assertiveness against people using micromobility to
           | aggressively bypass urban traffic congestion.
           | 
           | I'm looking forward to mass robotics.
           | 
           | I'm not looking forward to corporate dark patterns in mass
           | robotics.
        
         | spikels wrote:
         | I live/work in SF and signed up for both Cruise and Waymo yet
         | have never been able to get an actual ride. As best I can tell
         | almost everyone getting rides from these services in SF are
         | employees or specially selected. Neither is available the
         | general public.
         | 
         | Waymo's "Waymo One" app makes you fill out a pretty extensive
         | questionnaire to sign up and suggests they will do some kind of
         | checks about the other members of your household. Filled out
         | rather invasive info out yet still no access.
         | 
         | Cruise makes you fill out a simpler form but puts you in a cue
         | to get the actual app. Know several people who have filled it
         | out but none have gotten the app.
         | 
         | So far no actual robotaxis in SF.
        
         | hamandcheese wrote:
         | This is not very scientific at all, but I see Waymo and Cruise
         | cars driving around SF all the time. Waymo cars appear to drive
         | much more naturally than Cruise to my eyes.
        
           | exhaze wrote:
           | Can you give some examples? I feel like perception of safety
           | will be a big adoption gap. What made the Waymo cars appear
           | more natural?
        
             | hamandcheese wrote:
             | It's hard to put my finger on any specific thing, and it
             | may even come down to the fact that I see a lot more Waymos
             | than Cruises, and have also seen Waymos around SF for much
             | longer (or at least noticed them for longer).
             | 
             | I feel like Cruises are a bit more cautious, to the point
             | of making me skeptical. But again, I'm struggling to think
             | of any example in particular.
             | 
             | This might be silly but I also think the Cruise cars are
             | much more ugly.
        
               | exhaze wrote:
               | I wonder if it's something like the "bozo bit"? Once you
               | see one Waymo car doing something that looks unsafe, your
               | entire perception of "Waymo car" becomes (nearly
               | irreversibly) lower.
        
         | ra7 wrote:
         | 1. Cruise only operates between 10 PM and 6 AM and under 30
         | mph. Waymo operates all day without an artificial speed
         | restriction.
         | 
         | 2. Waymo's service area in SF is more than twice that of
         | Cruise's. Unsurprisingly, both of them avoid downtown areas.
         | 
         | 3. Waymo has hundreds of vehicles in San Francisco. Cruise only
         | has a fraction of that -- last I heard, only <10 of them were
         | providing driverless rides.
         | 
         | 4. According to CA DMV 2021 disengagement data, Waymo is
         | driving almost 3x more miles than Cruise.
         | 
         | Waymo seems to love a slow and steady approach, but when they
         | announce a service it's fully featured as we've seen in
         | Chandler, AZ.
        
           | jeffbee wrote:
           | I don't think it's fair to say that either Cruise or Waymo
           | avoid downtown areas. Cruise cars come pouring out of their
           | depot at Van Ness and California nightly at 10pm, like bats
           | or something. That's not downtown but it's in a very dense,
           | very busy area. Cruise's offices are in SoMa where Dropbox
           | used to be, and I see tons of Cruise cars in the vicinity of
           | Folsom/Embarcadero. I also see Waymo working Embarcadero on
           | both sides of Market, which _is_ downtown.
        
             | ra7 wrote:
             | Oh yes, they test in downtown areas. I meant they avoid
             | them for their public beta program rides.
        
           | silentsea90 wrote:
           | Sounds like Google. Slow, steady and more reliable.
        
             | dymk wrote:
             | Reliable?
             | 
             | https://killedbygoogle.com/
             | 
             | It sounds like Waymo, sure, but not like Google. There's a
             | reason they're separate companies.
        
               | fshbbdssbbgdd wrote:
               | Google tends to explicitly kill projects they don't want
               | to maintain instead of letting them languish. This
               | strategy has obvious disadvantages, but it does mean that
               | their products are usually reliable (until they get
               | killed).
        
               | dymk wrote:
               | Okay, in that case we're talking about the reliability
               | (in the sense of uptime/bugs) versus reliability (in
               | terms of Steve? Oh yeah, he's reliable!).
        
         | ehsankia wrote:
         | Considering Waymo has had almost a year of no-one-in-driverseat
         | service in Phoenix, I would say they are overall ahead, even
         | though that's not in SF specifically. Being first to driverless
         | in SF also shows that. They are definitely taking things very
         | very carefully, as they know a single major accident is all it
         | takes to set them back years.
        
           | AlotOfReading wrote:
           | The first to driverless in SF was Cruise, who's had a public
           | driverless program running there for a few months, albeit at
           | night.
        
             | avthrowaway35 wrote:
             | I think it's "public" in air quotes - technically non-
             | Cruise employees have taken rides, but it doesn't seem like
             | they're pulling people organically from the waitlist. It's
             | mostly local influencers or Cruise investors in the few
             | videos I've seen that aren't Cruise employees.
        
               | AlotOfReading wrote:
               | They're pretty limited by the number of vehicles they
               | have available and resources to support them. Even
               | employees have trouble accessing the program due to the
               | lack of vehicles and the waitlist is in the tens of
               | thousands of people. I imagine they prioritized
               | influencers or actual users since they can't possibly
               | meet total demand.
        
               | spikels wrote:
               | Waymo is "public" in the same sense. The general public
               | can't just request a ride.
        
               | ehsankia wrote:
               | People who have zero connection to Google or Waymo have
               | gotten in the program and used the service for months.
               | Waymo also removed any sort of NDA allowing people to
               | post videos of the full experience, hence all the videos
               | on Youtube. Lastly, I would still say "10 PM and 6 AM at
               | a maximum speed of 30 MPH" is quite a major restriction
               | compared to what Waymo can do.
        
       | lvl102 wrote:
       | Any studies on traffic and congestions with regards to autonomous
       | cars? I'd imagine it would be fun to simulate something like
       | this.
        
       | RankingMember wrote:
       | Edit: I'm wrong, misread the context of the quote. Please
       | disregard the below. Thanks to the people who double-checked me!
       | 
       | Despite the claims of "no human driver behind the wheel",
       | there'll still be what amounts to a driver, they're just calling
       | the person a "specialist" instead of a "driver":
       | 
       | > Just as we've done before, we'll start with Waymo employees
       | hailing trips with autonomous specialists behind the wheel, with
       | the goal of opening it up to members of the public via our
       | Trusted Tester program soon after.
        
         | avthrowaway35 wrote:
         | Some of the rides going forward will include safety drivers,
         | but no, this announcement is about how they took the
         | "specialist"/driver/human safety operator out of the car for
         | the first time in San Francisco.
         | 
         | Edit: looking at the full context of that quote, they're
         | talking about their plan for removing the safety driver in
         | downtown Phoenix.
         | 
         | >Our commitment to Phoenix and the community there remains
         | strong, and we'll soon be expanding to another area: Downtown
         | Phoenix. Just as we've done before, we'll start with Waymo
         | employees hailing trips with autonomous specialists behind the
         | wheel, with the goal of opening it up to members of the public
         | via our Trusted Tester program soon after.
        
           | RankingMember wrote:
           | You are correct, thanks for double-checking me. Updated my
           | comment to indicate my error.
        
         | jefftk wrote:
         | I think you're misreading the post? I'm interpreting that
         | sentence as being specifically about the Phoenix expansion:
         | 
         |  _" Our commitment to Phoenix and the community there remains
         | strong, and we'll soon be expanding to another area: Downtown
         | Phoenix. Just as we've done before, we'll start with Waymo
         | employees hailing trips with autonomous specialists behind the
         | wheel, with the goal of opening it up to members of the public
         | via our Trusted Tester program soon after."_
         | 
         | (Disclosure: I work for Google, a sibling company to Waymo.)
        
           | RankingMember wrote:
           | You are correct, thanks for double-checking me. I've updated
           | to my comment.
        
       | Lamad123 wrote:
       | They know their socks will get a hit so they do stunts like
       | this!!
        
       | greggman3 wrote:
       | Just 2 days ago I saw a waymo car stuck at 4th and Townsend in SF
       | facing NE (toward the bay). The car was in the left of 2 lanes.
       | The light for the left lane turned green. The car sat there.
       | People behind started honking. Eventually it went. Not if there
       | was a driver or not.
       | 
       | In the driver's defense (computer or human), SF's signals have
       | gotten very complicated in the last ~10 yrs and even non-robot
       | drivers fail to follow the rules about 20% of the time. 3 places
       | I can see this happen every day are (1) 4th and Townsend on
       | Townsend facing NE (the one above). The issue is the left lane
       | has a green light but the right lane has a separate right turn
       | signal because there is a bike lane further to the right that
       | gets green first. Sit at the corner and I guarantee within 10
       | right turning cars someone will turn on red.
       | 
       | Similarly, 5th and Bryant on 5th going NW (into the city). This
       | has a similar deal. There's an on ramp to the freeway but it has
       | a separate right turn signal from the green forward signal. This
       | one, for me, is around 100% violation by which I mean I've never
       | NOT seen a violation at the corner. Not ever car, but ever signal
       | at least one car will turn right on to the freeway even though
       | there are 2 large no right turn lights and a green bike light.
       | 
       | The last is 4th and King, on 4th going SE facing the bay. I'm not
       | sure these are technically violations. The left lane is painted
       | as left turn only. The right as right turn only. The middle lane
       | crosses King. Again, this is close to 100% for at least one car
       | per signal ignoring those markings. I don't blame them as there's
       | no way to see the markings until you're just a few car lengths
       | from the intersection and if there are other cars there you can't
       | see them at all. Further, looking up the law, solid white lines
       | are just guidelines. It's legal to cross them. (double white are
       | not). Still, people in the center lane get angry and honk when
       | people in the left or right lanes cut them off since they weren't
       | expecting it.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-03-30 23:01 UTC)