[HN Gopher] New Type of Ultraviolet Light Makes Indoor Air as Sa...
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       New Type of Ultraviolet Light Makes Indoor Air as Safe as Outdoors
        
       Author : solarmist
       Score  : 41 points
       Date   : 2022-03-27 19:49 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.cuimc.columbia.edu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.cuimc.columbia.edu)
        
       | solarmist wrote:
       | I want one in my house.
       | 
       | Link to the actual study.
       | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-08462-z
        
         | dognotdog wrote:
         | Wouldn't an open lamp severely degrade all kinds of paints and
         | materials that aren't meant to be exposed to UV light? Or does
         | the mechanism that supposedly makes the shorter wavelength safe
         | for human skin cells apply to all materials?
        
         | closetnerd wrote:
         | Me too - I have an air filter (noise/replacing it) but I rather
         | this. Do you know where I can get one?? Figure it'd be easy to
         | get
        
       | solarmist wrote:
       | I want to see refrigerators with this built in as well!
        
         | 01100011 wrote:
         | You can buy small ozone generators off aliexpress for your
         | fridge if you're paranoid about germs. Then again you may also
         | be paranoid about ozone since it's fairly nasty stuff.
        
           | solarmist wrote:
           | Yeah, that seems waay worse.
           | 
           | I'm just thinking it would help food keep for longer. I'm not
           | worried about germs in particular.
        
       | 8bitsrule wrote:
       | FDA article "UV Lights and Lamps: Ultraviolet-C Radiation,
       | Disinfection, and Coronavirus" [https://www.fda.gov/medical-
       | devices/coronavirus-covid-19-and...]
       | 
       | Nature: "Far-UVC light (222 nm) efficiently and safely
       | inactivates airborne human coronaviruses" (2020) PDF
       | [https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-67211-2.pdf]
        
       | spsful wrote:
       | > About a decade ago, Columbia University scientists proposed
       | that a different type of UVC light, known as far-UVC light, would
       | be just as efficient at destroying bacteria and viruses but
       | without the safety concerns of conventional germicidal UVC.
       | 
       | Why does everyone keep calling this "new"? I've seen it published
       | in articles seemingly everywhere within the past few days. It's
       | not a new technology; Boeing was prototyping this in their fleet
       | several years ago[1].
       | 
       | [1] https://www.cbsnews.com/news/boeings-self-cleaning-
       | lavatory-...
        
       | mountainriver wrote:
       | Wasn't there another issue with UV light disinfection where it
       | creates ozone or something?
        
         | hausen wrote:
         | Not in significant quantities. Another study also using Far-UV
         | excimer lamps [1] measured levels of less than 0.005 ppm, which
         | is far below the 0.05 ppm maximum allowed by the FDA for
         | medical devices [2].
         | 
         | [1] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-21058-w [2]
         | https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/ozone-generators-...
        
         | solarmist wrote:
         | Yup, looks like
         | 
         | " The Ultraviolet spectrum has four wavelengths, (see
         | illustration below), labeled: UV-A (400 to 315 nm); UV-B (315
         | to 280 nm); very high energy and destructive UV-C (280 to 200
         | nm); and Vacuum UV (200 to 100 nm). Only this last wavelength,
         | Vacuum UV, is capable of producing ozone."
         | 
         | https://uvresources.com/the-ultraviolet-germicidal-irradiati...
         | 
         | Don't know much about it though.
        
       | modeless wrote:
       | Every hospital needs these in every room ASAP.
        
       | alliao wrote:
       | 222nm is pretty rare, most are 253nm and many are just fake
       | purple LEDs
       | 
       | but this is looking promising, boeing have an interesting article
       | on it too I particularly love the toilet solution
       | 
       | https://www.boeing.com/confident-travel/downloads/CAP-3_Disi...
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | solarmist wrote:
         | I'd guess it wouldn't be too hard to tune manufacturing for
         | lights for that if 253 is already common.
        
           | VBprogrammer wrote:
           | If we're talking about LED lights I don't think it's that
           | simple. Wavelengths produced are related to the emission
           | spectra of the elements which make up the diode junction. If
           | I'm remembering my highschool physics correctly.
        
             | solarmist wrote:
             | LED would be ideal, but right now I don't care about the
             | specifics and just want them to go into mass production.
        
             | GekkePrutser wrote:
             | Exactly. It's not a matter of 'tuning'. This is why it took
             | so long to get blue LEDs.
             | 
             | Although there are a lot of new options these days, like
             | Quantum Dots. If I'm not mistaken quantum dots can only
             | convert the light to longer wavelengths though (so lower
             | frequencies).
        
               | solarmist wrote:
               | Yeah, tuning way the wrong word. But they already exist
               | commercially. I just want them To be cheaper and more
               | wide spread.
        
       | tormock wrote:
       | Isn't an air exchanger better?
        
         | _Microft wrote:
         | According to the article, it is not:
         | 
         | "The efficacy of different approaches to reducing indoor virus
         | levels is usually measured in terms of equivalent air changes
         | per hour. In this study, far-UVC lamps produced the equivalent
         | of 184 equivalent air exchanges per hour. This surpasses any
         | other approach to disinfecting occupied indoor spaces, where
         | five to 20 equivalent air changes per hour is the best that can
         | be achieved practically."
         | 
         | For a better understanding, 184 exchanges per hour would mean
         | one exchange per 19 to 20 seconds on average. For a room 5m
         | wide, that would be a windspeed of 0.25m/s if one actually,
         | physically exchanged the air in the room. That would be almost
         | (or maybe already) perceptible.
        
         | solarmist wrote:
         | Not even close. This would dramatically improve air quality
         | (infection wise) in all situations.
        
       | lvs wrote:
        
       | metafunctor wrote:
       | I guess it's no surprise that a shorter wavelength kills more
       | stuff.
       | 
       | That said, I'm not super convinced that it's safe, if it's not
       | something we normally have in our environment... the stuff being
       | killed might be you.
        
         | andrewflnr wrote:
         | I wonder if turning it on for five minutes every half hour or
         | so would be a good compromise risk-wise (assuming it's more
         | dangerous than the article wants to believe).
        
         | GekkePrutser wrote:
         | I'd be worried about my eyes even more than my skin tbh..
         | 
         | It may very well be safe but I'll need more convincing than
         | "yeah your dead skin cells will protect you, don't worry about
         | it bro".
        
         | solarmist wrote:
         | No, I'm pretty sure it's that shorter wavelengths kill less
         | stuff because it can penetrate less. My understanding is this
         | research is about finding crossover points where it's still
         | deadly to microorganisms, but safe for more complex organisms.
        
         | basch wrote:
         | Put it inside duct work
        
           | solarmist wrote:
           | Yup, you don't need to worry about tuning the UV. Just stick
           | broad spectrum UV (excluding the 100-200nm only) in the duct
           | work.
        
             | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
             | Is this uncommon? I had UV disinfectant bulbs installed as
             | part of my HVAC installation in my house, seemed pretty
             | common.
        
               | solarmist wrote:
               | In new installations, but I think it's only been common
               | for less than a decade. All older systems will not have
               | them unless they were specifically added.
        
       | mrfusion wrote:
       | Don't forget that we actually need exposure to germs to train our
       | immune systems. We don't want to overdo sanitizing everything.
       | 
       | Look up the hygiene hypothesis.
        
         | samvher wrote:
         | Right - I also don't like the idea of something
         | indiscriminately killing bacteria on my skin and food.
         | Microbiomes in and around our body shouldn't be messed with
         | unnecessarily IMO.
        
       | saurik wrote:
       | When I see something like this I have to ask "if these people had
       | come up with this a decade ago, why did it take them two years
       | into a global pandemic to actually try it?".
        
         | solarmist wrote:
         | Probably the same discoverability problem music, movies and
         | apps suffer.
        
       | tofof wrote:
       | Regarding availability and LEDs:
       | 
       | "All commercially available Far-UV 222nm lamps have excimer lamps
       | at their core. Excimer lamps are a lighting technology that
       | excite a gas using high voltage electric discharges. Different
       | gas mixtures generate different frequencies of light. Far-UV
       | 222nm light is produced by excimer lamps filled with a mixture of
       | krypton (Kr) and chloride (Cl) gas (normally less than 3%
       | chloride)."
       | 
       | From https://www.boeing.com/confident-
       | travel/downloads/CAP-3_Disi... provided in alliao's comment.
       | 
       | I was able to find one 5W lamp priced at around $1000 and a 20W
       | at $1700.
        
         | solarmist wrote:
         | Damn. That's... a bit spendy. How much light did they output in
         | these experiments?
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | That's pricey. Are you sure you didn't buy:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme_ultraviolet
        
       | andrewflnr wrote:
       | > Far-UVC Light _May_ Be Safe for Indoor Use
       | 
       | Emphasis mine. Look, this is promising, but the fact that they
       | can only say it may be safe suggests that maybe we should ease
       | off with the "zomg deploy it everywhere now!" type of rhetoric. I
       | don't think it actually is, but good grief it feels like an
       | astroturfing campaign in here right now.
        
         | solarmist wrote:
         | There are PLENTY of place you could deploy this without shining
         | them directly on people as we continue studying the details,
         | but this isn't a single new paper.
         | 
         | Also, from the article. "This reduction was achieved using Far-
         | UVC irradiances consistent with current American Conference of
         | Governmental Industrial Hygienists threshold limit values for
         | skin for a continuous 8-h exposure."
         | 
         | Thus has been under research for a decade now. Plus the effects
         | of UV on humans is pretty damn well studied at this point. This
         | is just finding the right crossover point that's effective
         | against microbes, but no longer dangerous against more complex
         | organisms.
         | 
         | I also think we should start retrofitting all ventilation
         | systems with UV disinfectants.
         | 
         | My concern is the effect on the microbes on our skin that we
         | rely on.
        
           | Natsu wrote:
           | Yeah, I agree with this. I've been wishing for a way to
           | retrofit our AC with something that uses UV to scrub the air.
        
             | solarmist wrote:
             | That already exists. It's relatively common. I'd call your
             | servicer and ask about it.
        
         | WalterBright wrote:
         | Just put it _inside_ the HVAC system.
        
       | oneepic wrote:
       | If I read correctly, the study confirmed it was effective against
       | airborne Staph. Not covid, although the latter is the one I
       | thought of first. Wonder if it would be hard to get the same
       | research study approved to test covid?
        
         | mattbaker wrote:
         | From the article:
         | 
         | > "This microbe was chosen because it is slightly less
         | sensitive to far-UVC light than coronaviruses, providing the
         | researchers with an appropriately conservative model"
         | 
         | This makes me think it would be effective against coronaviruses
         | as well.
        
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       (page generated 2022-03-27 23:01 UTC)