[HN Gopher] Crossrail update on the Elizabeth line's opening plans
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Crossrail update on the Elizabeth line's opening plans
        
       Author : zeristor
       Score  : 50 points
       Date   : 2022-03-26 08:23 UTC (14 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.ianvisits.co.uk)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.ianvisits.co.uk)
        
       | midasuni wrote:
       | After the recent publicity testing, I was hoping to be riding it
       | before Easter, now it looks like even the core part will take
       | until June or even later.
       | 
       | It's hilarious this is so many years behind schedule. It's also
       | why I don't think nuclear is the answer - as a country the U.K.
       | can't do big projects.
        
         | PaulRobinson wrote:
         | You know there will be immense pressure for it to open on or
         | before the Jubilee weekend - in June - so I'd put my money on
         | that being the later date.
        
         | dazc wrote:
         | The UK has done plenty of big projects just as well and often
         | better than anyone else but I think the problem nowadays is
         | twofold:
         | 
         | 1) Health and safety legislation has evolved to an extent where
         | construction companies can simply not take risks. Of course,
         | this is a great thing if you're a construction worker who
         | enjoys going home to his/her family each night but it does mean
         | that big projects become bogged-down in planning and ensuring
         | that nothing can possibly go wrong from a safety aspect.
         | 
         | 2) Sub-contracting of specialist roles where you (as a main
         | contractor) are reliant on multiple partners all being on top
         | of their game and focused on the end goal when, in reality,
         | everyone is out for themselves and happy to sabotage progress
         | for the sake of an easy profit, ego boost or backstabbing
         | opportunity.
         | 
         | From the outside these kind of projects always look easy but
         | from the inside it's a wonder that anything actually gets done.
        
           | KineticLensman wrote:
           | > in reality, everyone is out for themselves and happy to
           | sabotage progress for the sake of an easy profit, ego boost
           | or backstabbing opportunity.
           | 
           | Oftentimes these sorts of problems aren't due to malice but
           | occur because of unintended consequences of poorly-defined
           | service-level agreements and KPIs for separate contractors
           | whose services have to integrate for overall success.
           | 
           | I was embedded once at a UK Army base that ran in effect a
           | military college for different trades. The on-site restaurant
           | was part of a UK-wide contract that had nationally agreed
           | contracted opening times. These inflexible eating hours were
           | actually the main constraint on when physical education could
           | occur. A single supplier company had two separate contracts
           | to supply instructors and equipment maintenance staff. The
           | maintainers had KPIs that were (again) part of a national
           | level contract that worked against the instructors when
           | important things needed to be quickly repaired.
        
             | dazc wrote:
             | Interesting insight and, yes, appreciate this is also a
             | factor.
        
         | 7952 wrote:
         | It is a few years late, but on a 10 year program. And it is
         | only around 25% over budget. That is a lot of money to be sure.
         | But compared to other government or corporate programs it seems
         | pretty good. And it will deliver real measurable benefits to
         | people. Both in terms of travel and economic stimulus. The UK
         | is probably spending more on failed corporate ERP systems every
         | year than the over spend on Crossrail.
         | 
         | And we can do manor projects because we are doing major
         | projects. There is Thames Tideway, London Power Tunnels,
         | several offshore wind farms and interconnectors, Great Western
         | electrification, 2012 Olympics.
        
           | mrlonglong wrote:
           | Let's not forget Hinckley C being built and possibly the go-
           | ahead for Sizewell C later this year. Both projects are vital
           | in the fight against climate change. I'd sleep easier at
           | nights if we could build two more in addition and mini
           | reactors dotted around the country.
        
           | nickmyersdt wrote:
           | Being 25% over budget when the programme is already
           | extortionately expensive compared to similar infrastructure
           | projects in other countries. And each time we do "another
           | one" it's even more expensive than the last. There is an
           | entire industry purpose designed for ripping off the tax
           | payer.
        
             | jhugo wrote:
             | > extortionately expensive compared to similar
             | infrastructure projects in other countries
             | 
             | Can you make a few comparisons to similar infrastructure
             | projects in other countries to illustrate this point? Make
             | sure those countries have similar safety protections for
             | workers, and labour rights, of course.
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | I'm not the OP, but New York subway work might be a good
               | one to compare t?
               | 
               | https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/28/nyregion/new-york-
               | subway-...
        
           | smilespray wrote:
           | 20 years ago, I shared a flat with an architect who was
           | working on this project.
        
         | zeristor wrote:
         | The original High Speed rail from St Pancras to Paris seemed to
         | have gone quite well.
         | 
         | Crossrail appears to have had bonuses to the original
         | management for constructing the tunnels, I'm not too sure on
         | the details but what is far more galling that the illusion of a
         | Dec 2018 carried on to a few months before.
         | 
         | Warning I've just read snippets following this, so following
         | could well be wrong:
         | 
         | Seemingly enough time had been scheduled to run the trains to
         | shake out systems, as well as finish building.
         | 
         | Bond Street build was delayed due to the site being tight, the
         | original contractors were replaced by TfL itself.
         | 
         | Enough time to run tests on the fittings so that the could be
         | proven to be in compliance hadn't be catered for. If this was
         | an issue I would have thought that could have been started much
         | earlier.
         | 
         | Signalling issues, as mentioned. The trains have to integrate
         | with three different signalling systems.
         | 
         | I believe Project Management itself grew from the UK government
         | having early issues with delivery. Systems aren't getting any
         | simpler.
         | 
         | A society that can plan, fund, build, and maintain large to
         | huge infrastructure projects would have a huge advantage.
        
         | danpalmer wrote:
         | I find the reasons for the delay interesting. The "root cause"
         | is arguably not signalling or station fit out, it's the fact
         | that the senior management essentially didn't understand the
         | processes or how progress was being made or not made.
         | 
         | Under the original CEO it was going to be delivered in 2018
         | right up until mid 2018 when they were like "oh sorry, maybe
         | early 2019?". This was a CEO with basically no construction
         | experience who rarely set foot on site.
         | 
         | They replaced the CEO a few years ago with someone who has a
         | long career in construction, who understood what it takes to
         | build a railway, who really knows the details, and who is on
         | site, in the weeds, understanding the progress at a very
         | granular level. Since he's taken over the communication has
         | been much better, much more consistent, and felt much more
         | honest. He wouldn't commit to a date, but has progressively
         | shortened the window again and again as they've got closer to
         | completion, and maybe this is naive, but I fully believe that
         | they'll hit the goal of "first half of 2022".
        
         | kmlx wrote:
         | > it looks like even the core part will take until June or even
         | later. > It's hilarious this is so many years behind schedule
         | 
         | it's 4 years behind schedule, 2 of those were covid. not bad,
         | not good.
         | 
         | > It's also why I don't think nuclear is the answer - as a
         | country the U.K. can't do big projects.
         | 
         | crossrail was the biggest european construction project. huge
         | undertaking, and with only 4 years behind schedule. for a
         | western project this is pretty good actually.
         | 
         | hinkley point c is just 6 month behind schedule.
         | 
         | but usually if you're building something huge in a western
         | country then expect huge delays.
        
           | ggambetta wrote:
           | > crossrail was the biggest european construction project
           | 
           | The Gotthard Basis Tunnel [0] (delivered 6 months _ahead_ of
           | schedule after 12 years of construction) would like to have a
           | word :)
           | 
           | [0] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotthard_Base_Tunnel
        
             | Reason077 wrote:
             | Building the physical tunnels (and the trains for that
             | matter) isn't why Crossrail is behind schedule. Those were
             | both pretty much delivered on schedule.
             | 
             | Apparently the delays are mainly due to station fit outs
             | (Bond Street station will still not be ready for the
             | initial opening), and issues with the signalling systems -
             | including software delays.
        
               | Narretz wrote:
               | This was the same with Berlin's latest (and currently
               | last) subway project, U5 extension. While much shorter,
               | the stations also were behind schedule, and the line
               | operated for a few months without the intermittent
               | stations being open.
        
               | midasuni wrote:
               | If you want to bring in Berlin then look at the airport
               | for cockups
        
               | shubb wrote:
               | In fairness, rumour has it that the station fit outs were
               | an avoidable screw up.
               | 
               | Supposedly the detailed design work was behind schedule
               | so they started the physical building work "at risk".
               | Because it was not well planned, it was done in the wrong
               | order - installing cabling before moving a wall so the
               | new cables have to be ripped out along with the old wall
               | for instance. It was alleged that this was done
               | deliberately by the subcontractors to create additional
               | paid work.
               | 
               | A few years ago, recognizing that the project management
               | was a huge mess, there were a lot of big changes and the
               | project management team have been running a events in
               | london showing off the real time project tracking they've
               | put in place.
               | 
               | Presumably, Covid hasn't heled either.
               | 
               | I remember these radio problems from when I was
               | interviewing for rail automation jobs 20 years ago. They
               | were having this exact problem on the jubilee line. The
               | tunnels seem to be an amazingly harsh environment, and
               | the safety requirements seem much harsher than for self
               | driving cars or human train drivers.
        
             | kmlx wrote:
             | > The Gotthard Basis Tunnel [0] (delivered 6 months ahead
             | of schedule after 12 years of construction) would like to
             | have a word :)
             | 
             | crossrail is by far the biggest european construction
             | project.
             | 
             | it's the most complicated, required the most people, cost
             | the most.
             | 
             | just by length it's double the size of the gotthard tunnel.
        
         | globular-toast wrote:
         | > as a country the U.K. can't do big projects.
         | 
         | Which countries are better at it? The UK has very little (if
         | any) greenfield development opportunities left. You really have
         | to keep things in context. This is a tunnel under London, not
         | some viaduct across bare meadows. One thing you learn in
         | engineering before long is the enormous cost of existing
         | development/infrastructure. You can't always wipe the slate
         | clean and start again even if we'd all like to sometimes.
        
         | robga wrote:
         | > It's hilarious this is so many years behind schedule. It's
         | also why I don't think nuclear is the answer - as a country the
         | U.K. can't do big projects.
         | 
         | Maybe they're great at building, poor at scheduling. If they'd
         | +4 year'ed the initial timeline, they'd be "on time"?
         | 
         | We see this in the world of IT. A team will be set an X month
         | timeline by a sponsor who is well in the knowledge that it will
         | take Y months, but who strongly hold some belief (which I do
         | not share) that giving less time, which will have to be
         | extended through painful negotiation, will result in a shorter
         | timeframe than if they'd given Y months expectation.
         | 
         | For major projects like Crossrail you also run into the
         | politics of it. Politicians are short term incentivised. They
         | have budget cycles. etc.
        
           | mhh__ wrote:
           | I think a lot of cultural arguments for xyz can't "build"
           | (that word really grinds my gears as it reminds of me of smug
           | pseudo-classicists on twitter) are basically bullshit.
           | 
           | The issue the UK has as far as I'm concerned is that we have
           | a political and managerial class who are basically
           | disinterested in the grand scale.
           | 
           | We don't spend much money, we try to shelve what little we do
           | spend (e.g. we have two aircraft carriers rather than the one
           | that was rumoured for a while, has the world blow up?), Our
           | government is one of the happiest to sell off state assets
           | ever, and now our current government ran out of ideological
           | steam about 7 years ago so we are stuck with a collection of
           | lunatics and retards in power.
           | 
           | I used to be pretty firmly in the "don't tell people they're
           | voting against their own interests" camp, but I was wrong.
           | Our electorate is given a sword to fall on (FPTP), but
           | chooses to jump on the sword rather than make a fuss.
        
             | 7952 wrote:
             | Politicians love big projects. It is much more tangible
             | than most government programs. Your draw a line of a map
             | and then a real change happens in the world. And this
             | government have put much more money into infrastructure
             | than you might expect given their ideology. In fact
             | industry have trouble getting enough capacity to support
             | projects like HS2. And often in less sexy areas like rail
             | electrification, smart motorways etc.
             | 
             | Also in my experience the human aspect of projects is
             | always the most difficult part. The most amazing thing
             | about a company like SpaceX is not the technical
             | achievement. But getting thousands of people to work
             | together on a single goal. And arguably this kind of thing
             | is _less_ problematic in large projects than in the rest of
             | society. But the effects of bad communication is far more
             | visible and explicit. Engineering cuts through and delivers
             | because it actually simplifies things.
        
               | lozenge wrote:
               | "And this government have put much more money into
               | infrastructure than you might expect given their
               | ideology... And often in less sexy areas like rail
               | electrification, smart motorways etc."
               | 
               | On what basis? They've scaled down HS2 and the Northern
               | Rail Plan. Smart motorways is purely a way to avoid
               | expensive, complicated, often necessary road widening
               | with an unsafe technological solution. A lot of the
               | safety issues of smart motorways has also been due to
               | cutting costs - less frequent emergency refuge areas,
               | less cameras than are needed to detect accidents. Now the
               | press has caught up to them they have stopped rolling
               | them out entirely.
        
               | dazc wrote:
               | Bear in mind that the average motorway user already has a
               | death wish, safety has already gone out of the window,
               | what we're adding is just capacity.
        
               | midasuni wrote:
               | The stats don't reflect your assertion. KSI of car
               | occupants is far lower per mile and per hour on motorways
               | than other roads
        
               | dazc wrote:
               | You are correct, you much more likely to be killed on a
               | regauar A road. My comment was really about the attitude
               | of drivers rather than the statistical/actual risk.
        
               | 7952 wrote:
               | Its more that I am surprised they started these projects
               | in the first place.
               | 
               | I agree that smart motorways are less safe, and there are
               | better ways to reduce demand (like road pricing). Having
               | said that motorways are still very safe compared to other
               | roads, even after being made "smart". I think a modest
               | reduction in safety is an acceptable price to pay if
               | billions can be saved. Invest that money in reducing
               | death from emissions, pedestrian safety, or even our far
               | less safe A road network.
        
               | mrlonglong wrote:
               | I absolutely hate smart motorways. Dangerous and a proven
               | killer at the worst possible time. Even emergency
               | services can't get through quickly if the traffic is
               | backed up and there's been a bad traffic collision as
               | there's no hard shoulder for them to use.
        
         | mhh__ wrote:
         | The UK desperately needs a change in managerial class.
        
           | lambertsimnel wrote:
           | How much of the change the UK needs could it get without a
           | change in its managerial class? As you as say here (
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30810537 ), FPTP is a
           | factor in the UK's problems; without it, wouldn't the current
           | managerial class have more of the incentives and the scrutiny
           | they need to make good policy?
        
         | StephenAmar wrote:
         | I wish the US was as efficient as the UK ...
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Subway
        
         | cameronh90 wrote:
         | I feel like we have quite a lot of big projects on the go.
         | Crossrail, Thames Tideway, HS2 phase 1, Hinkley C, Hornsea and
         | Dogger Bank offshore wind farms and likely Sizewell C and
         | Heathrow expansion soon too. Plus there are a ton of smaller
         | but still big projects going on up and down the country.
         | 
         | Obviously major projects often run into issues. Being that
         | we're a democratic, densely populated country with a lot of
         | history buried under our feet, we perhaps face more political
         | issues than most. Nevertheless, I think saying we can't do big
         | projects is a bit of an exaggeration.
        
         | benblack86 wrote:
         | The more you do something, the better you get. The UK should do
         | more big projects.
        
         | Reason077 wrote:
         | > _"it looks like even the core part will take until June or
         | even later."_
         | 
         | If it goes beyond June then it will be extremely embarrassing
         | for all involved. They've repeatedly promised "first half of
         | 2022", and reaffirmed that very recently.
        
         | mytailorisrich wrote:
         | The UK can no longer do nuclear, anyway. New projects (inc.
         | Hinckley C) all rely on foreign tech and foreign contractors to
         | lead the projects.
        
           | agd wrote:
           | Rolls Royce are developing small nuclear reactors. Doesn't
           | rely on foreign tech or contractors.
        
             | mytailorisrich wrote:
             | 'developing' is not the same as 'having'.
             | 
             | They still have some know-how based on legacy nuclear power
             | plants and military reactors (which I'm guessing is what
             | Rolls-Royce will build on) but at the moment they cannot
             | build a civil nuclear power plant from scratch by
             | themselves.
             | 
             | This is actually tricky beyond the design and
             | certification. You need the whole industrial capacity as
             | well. For instance, the French government has repeatedly
             | made sure that a specific steel mill in the country remains
             | operational because it is the only one large enough and
             | with the required equipment to manufacture the huge steel
             | domes encasing the nuclear reactor cores...
        
       | zeristor wrote:
       | Radio interference around Stratford being one issue it seems.
       | 
       | Although it'll be several months I thought before trains from
       | Stratford will delve into the tunnels.
        
         | ajb wrote:
         | The entrance to the tunnels isn't where the interference of
         | happening. The tunnels start at Liverpool Street
         | 
         | What's a bit strange is that they've been running the same
         | trains with passengers on from Liverpool Street through
         | Stratford for more than 2 years, with passengers, as TFL rail.
         | But I guess they had to upgrade the signalling around Stratford
         | to work with the trains coming through the core, and that is
         | still buggy
        
           | tobylane wrote:
           | The current service is to Liverpool Street high level,
           | staying on one signalling communication system. The problem
           | is about changing to a different one for the core (which
           | includes Whitechapel before Liv St). They had a similar
           | problem on the other side but it was resolved easier.
        
             | blibble wrote:
             | it's quite amusing to hear Liverpool Street's mainline
             | railway station described as high level when it's buried
             | 30ft underground
             | 
             | it was originally buried so that it could connect up with
             | the Metropolitan Railway (today's metropolitian line on the
             | London Underground)
             | 
             | this was so that in 1875 the Met could use the mainline
             | railway station as terminus (whilst their own was under
             | construction)
        
               | tobylane wrote:
               | The low level is buried 34m underground.
               | https://www.crossrail.co.uk/route/stations/liverpool-
               | street/
        
           | matthewmacleod wrote:
           | The tunnels do actually start immediately to the west of
           | Stratford station, around Pudding Mill Lane. The new line
           | follows a different route from the existing main line into
           | Liverpool Street - meeting up with the other branch in
           | Stepney and then via the new station at Whitechapel. When
           | trains start travelling through to Paddington they will take
           | this route.
           | 
           | This means that the boundary between the mainline signalling
           | and the new CBTC signalling in the core is at Stratford. But
           | this only applies to trains taking the new route; services on
           | the existing GEML/Shenfield Electric lines continue to use
           | mainline AWS/TPWS signalling, which is why there hasn't been
           | any impact on services to date.
        
             | ajb wrote:
             | You're right. I should have realised it couldn't follow the
             | same line, because I knew about the new stop at
             | Whitechapel.
        
           | zeristor wrote:
           | The entrance portal is at Pudding Lane:
           | 
           | https://anonw.com/2021/08/12/the-crossrail-tunnel-portal-
           | at-...
           | 
           | From there the train will travel underground to the Liverpool
           | St - Moorgate station.
           | 
           | There'll still be Elizabeth line trains travelling into
           | Liverpool St station but there'll be terminating.
           | 
           | Fun fact there's the large ABBA venue going up at Pudding
           | Mill Lane.
           | 
           | https://www.ourbow.com/abbas-virtual-comeback-show/
           | 
           | The things one misses when not commuting.
           | 
           | No one has called it the ABBAtoir yet, but I'm waiting to see
           | who'll be the first to come up with that name.
        
             | llimos wrote:
             | > The entrance portal is at Pudding Lane
             | 
             | I think you mean Pudding _Mill_ Lane?
             | 
             | Pudding Lane was where the Great Fire of London started.
        
         | bencollier49 wrote:
         | If they're struggling, they should put a shout out to UK radio
         | hams to help diagnose the problem, they'd get loads of expert
         | help.
        
           | DocTomoe wrote:
           | Or maybe use something that's less dependent on radio
           | frequency in one of the most populated, thus most frequency-
           | polluted areas on Earth. Radio not always is the best choice,
           | sometimes, cable is worth it.
        
             | matthewmacleod wrote:
             | The issue is interference at the interface between the
             | train and the fixed signalling system.
             | 
             | I'm sure you can appreciate the impracticality of building
             | a train to signalling system interface that uses cables!
        
               | micropunk wrote:
               | At first blush I can but thinking a bit further, these
               | are electric trains right? And I know there have been
               | "use your home electricity wiring for network" things
               | around for decades...
               | 
               | So can't they use the power cables for comms?
        
               | matthewmacleod wrote:
               | It's an interesting idea and not without some merit. Some
               | signalling systems do actually use the rails as a
               | conductor already, although that's just basically "is
               | there are train on me or not" detection.
               | 
               | I'm getting out of my depth, but I'm sure I've seen at
               | least one signalling system that uses the track circuit
               | as a data signalling channel to the train to provide in-
               | cab signalling, so I'd guess it's at least theoretically
               | possible.
               | 
               | I'd imagine it would have much the same challenges as
               | radio in practice though - interference from poor
               | connections and ambient noise, not to mention your
               | channel is basically a massive antenna.
        
               | zeristor wrote:
               | You'd have to keep plugging it in.
        
               | teget wrote:
               | Shouldn't systems Like LZB or ETCS bei mostly protected
               | against radio interference as only the Last section
               | (centimeters) needs to bei transmitted wirelessly? Are
               | they used in the line or did they opt for something else?
        
               | jonp888 wrote:
               | LZB uses cable loops.
               | 
               | ETCS can use cable loops, but for full functionality a
               | radio data connection is required.
        
               | matthewmacleod wrote:
               | Yeah, generally that's true - it's certainly not a long-
               | range system. I'm not clear on what the actual problem is
               | at Stratford, but I do know these systems can be quite
               | sensitive and it can be tricky to ensure they operate
               | reliably alongside each other.
               | 
               | In the case of Crossrail the core (new tunnels) use CBTC
               | signalling, I think based on Siemens TrainGuard - I think
               | the specification of the project predates ETCS being
               | proven as a viable solution for this particular kind of
               | service. The services leaving Stratford to the East use
               | TPWS/AWS in common with most services on the UK mainline
               | network.
               | 
               | The challenge is in the transition between the two
               | systems, as I understand it - anything out of the
               | ordinary and the train will of course come to an
               | immediate halt.
        
           | heavenlyblue wrote:
           | Are you assuming radio hams are better at this than engineers
           | getting paid for it?
        
             | bencollier49 wrote:
             | No, but I _am_ assuming that in their multiplicity and
             | range of interests, they might quickly stumble on a
             | solution in a way which a smaller population of well-
             | trained professionals wouldn 't.
             | 
             | Reminds me of Feyerabend's "Against Method".
        
         | antihero wrote:
         | When I lived in Stratford I always had lots of really weird
         | intermittent problems with WiFi and 4G. Probably not related
         | but would be interesting if it was
        
       | lostlogin wrote:
       | I've only watch the first season of the BBC documentary on the
       | line, but it was great.
       | 
       | https://www.crossrail.co.uk/news/crossrail-documentary-the-f...
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | cm2187 wrote:
       | Do we know when the link Heathrow-Paddington is meant to open?
       | Along Abbey Wood to Reading?
        
         | matthewmacleod wrote:
         | Heathrow to Paddington is effectively already open (and has
         | been for some time) - the existing service that's branded as
         | "TfL Rail" is the precursor to the "Elizabeth Line" branded
         | service, using the same train and track. The same applies to
         | Reading to Paddington.
         | 
         | After the Paddington to Abbey Wood service settles down most of
         | the Heathrow and Reading services will start to run through the
         | tunnels as well, and that becomes the full service.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-03-26 23:01 UTC)