[HN Gopher] FDA Approves First CRISPR Cows for Beef
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       FDA Approves First CRISPR Cows for Beef
        
       Author : Ice_cream_suit
       Score  : 165 points
       Date   : 2022-03-26 04:44 UTC (18 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (modernfarmer.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (modernfarmer.com)
        
       | bannedbybros wrote:
        
       | verisimi wrote:
       | This is great news, and overdue!
       | 
       | Of course there are issues with mere humans editing creatures,
       | and true, coarse-grained crispr editing could result in
       | unintended consequences.
       | 
       | But our ethics committees see nothing wrong with this. And as my
       | morality depends on what ethics are commonly said to be ethical,
       | this is a decision I am delighted to accept. And think of all the
       | invalid children this will help!
       | 
       | Sure, I'm not clear on what has been edited here. Nor do I
       | understand the legal implications of the editing, where a
       | corporation is now considered to be a patent holder in a living
       | cereus.
       | 
       | And I'm not sure what the future holds for people, even though I
       | have read talk that dna was changed by vaccines (not just rna).
       | Surely, corporations wouldn't argue that they have a legal
       | interest in people, and that their interests need to be accounted
       | for?
       | 
       | No, this is great news. Onwards and upwards into the brave new
       | world! And special thanks to the FDA who have bravely represented
       | the best interests of humanity, refusing to kowtow to corporate
       | interests. I only sleep as well as I do thanks to my wonderful
       | government and its 3-letter agencies! Good job.
        
       | microjim wrote:
       | Would count this categorically as one of the ways we do not want
       | to be using technology in the context of climate change, as it's
       | bypassing the negative feedback loop that already wasn't strong
       | enough to prevent us getting to this point in the first place.
        
         | atemerev wrote:
         | But if the loop is eventually not strong enough to have
         | negative effects, why should we reinforce it? I am quite
         | optimistic that the climate change crisis will be eventually
         | resolved by the combination of engineering to restore the
         | environment and adapting our existing technologies to damage it
         | less (like it's already happening). Humans are very adaptive.
        
           | TruthIsHeresy wrote:
           | What happens when human adaptivity outpaces our species'
           | ability to accurately perceive and adequately understand the
           | impact of our own adaptivity?
           | 
           | We seem to be becoming increasingly reliant upon technology
           | which is increasingly untested to solve problems that are
           | increasingly a result of this adaptivity. It's a vicious
           | cycle in which humans identify a problem but lack the
           | necessary perspective to identify and solve the root cause of
           | the problem so we end up with inadequate solutions that
           | mostly prolong and exacerbate the original problem rather
           | than actually solving it. Adaptivity aside, I just don't
           | think humans are at a point in which we possess the necessary
           | perspective for us to safely engage in large scale commercial
           | genetic modification of life without it backfiring on us in
           | some horribly spectacular way.
        
           | microjim wrote:
           | At the risk of us getting too abstract here, the trouble with
           | said loop being weak is that it is difficult to link our
           | actions and their impact on our environment. It is weak
           | because the forces in question operate on a very long time
           | scale, and the system hasn't self corrected as early as one
           | would hope.
           | 
           | We are indeed very adaptive! It's simply a case of us
           | adapting our behaviour to mitigate the consequences, rather
           | than just adapting to live with them.
        
         | mrfusion wrote:
         | We need to be punished for our sins against the environment.
        
           | datavirtue wrote:
           | I think we should go a step further and self-flagulate,
           | honestly. Seriously though, this quote made me laugh: "the
           | gene-edited cattle are the same--as far as a consumer is
           | concerned." They should peek in on the anti-vaccine crowd for
           | a glimpse at consumer reality. I'm sure more than a few
           | normies are going to want to see this on the label as well.
        
             | 34679 wrote:
             | "the gene-edited cattle are the same--as far as a consumer
             | is concerned."
             | 
             | For me, that statement invokes thoughts of "counterfeit
             | cattle". By that logic, there's no harm to the consumer
             | when someone sells a knock-off purse or watch, as long as
             | it functions the same as the original. Taken a step
             | further, there's no harm in stealing from someone if the
             | victim doesn't know they've been robbed.
             | 
             | I'm not against using advances in technology to feed more
             | people. I believe the suffering of a hungry human outweighs
             | the suffering of that human's potential next meal. I don't
             | think it's wrong or immoral for a lion to eat an antelope.
             | 
             | But I do believe honesty and openness are important. I want
             | consumers to be able to make educated decisions on what
             | they consume. It should be easy for someone who can afford
             | an all-organic diet to purchase products that are in fact
             | organic.
        
       | riteme wrote:
        
       | newman555 wrote:
       | "help endure climate change", while beef and eating meat is one
       | of the major contributors to climate change ... This is wrong on
       | so many levels.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | dmix wrote:
       | Horse breeding is a big business. That would probably be a good
       | target for this sort of thing.
        
         | kmlx wrote:
         | maybe falconry as well? big business in some parts of the
         | world...
        
           | Eduard wrote:
           | Maybe naked mole-rats as well?
        
       | koonsolo wrote:
       | In Belgium we have cows specifically breaded for meat, which are
       | called "dikbil" =(fatbutt). It's extremely unnatural, so I'm very
       | afraid what kind of monstrosity the industry can come up with
       | when using gene manipulation.
       | 
       | https://www.google.com/search?q=dikbil
        
         | mbg721 wrote:
         | The US has Dolly-Parton-esque chickens too, it's not a new
         | phenomenon.
        
           | koonsolo wrote:
           | Yes, those we have in Belgium too.
           | 
           | My grandfather was a farmer, and at his old age he bought
           | such a chicken. He was amazed and astounded that within a few
           | weeks it became so big it couldn't stand on its feet anymore.
           | 
           | He didn't buy such a chicken again.
        
         | kawsper wrote:
         | Denmark have been breeding pigs to have a higher amount of
         | piglets, but it makes the death rate higher, about 25.000
         | piglets die a day, and the pre-wean mortality rate is ~21%.
         | 
         | We're also exporting the technology and knowledge of breeding
         | pigs.
         | 
         | https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/nov/30/danish-b...
        
         | stefantalpalaru wrote:
         | > In Belgium we have cows specifically breaded for meat, which
         | are called "dikbil" =(fatbutt). It's extremely unnatural
         | 
         | It's muscular hyperplasia obtained from inbreeding:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgian_Blue
         | 
         | They did the same thing in Piedmont, Italy:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piedmontese_cattle
        
         | sdflhasjd wrote:
         | "Breaded" means coated in breadcrumbs. I assume they weren't
         | _bred_ like that.
        
           | runeks wrote:
           | Sounds delicious
        
           | cik2e wrote:
           | I pictured a whole live cow covered in breadcrumbs instead of
           | fur when I read that. The southern US would be a huge
           | importer.
        
             | prepend wrote:
             | I pictured a cow bred for country fried steak or snitzel or
             | something and was intrigued by the idea of animals bred for
             | specific preparation methods.
             | 
             | I only hope this crisper age will allow for amazing
             | animals. I'm hoping they can breed cows with cheese inside
             | their muscles.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | If it was a chocolate cow you'd have chicken fried steak
             | and a milkshake all in one.
             | 
             | A marvel of engineering.
        
           | koonsolo wrote:
           | Ha yeah, I was already questioning myself if it was the
           | correct spelling :D.
        
         | xbmcuser wrote:
         | Most livestock, fruits, grains and vegetable that exist today
         | and we buy in our store shelves are all the result of selective
         | breeding by humans over the last 100-200 years. More recently
         | as the science and ability to do selective breeding has
         | improved. Genetic manipulation is going to accelerate something
         | that is already happening. For me genetic manipulation of
         | livestock and grains is not as problematic as the
         | western/richer countries patenting genes and making poor
         | countries pay through the nose for it.
        
           | nojito wrote:
           | If this didn't happen in pharmaceuticals it wouldn't happen
           | in gene editing.
        
           | runeks wrote:
           | > Most livestock, fruits, grains and vegetable that exist
           | today and we buy in our store shelves are all the result of
           | selective breeding by humans over the last 100-200 years.
           | 
           | More like thousands of years.
           | 
           | Also, before humans were selectively breeding, animals were
           | "unconsciously breeding" e.g. fruits by eating the tastiest
           | ones and thereby spreading their seeds.
        
           | koonsolo wrote:
           | I don't fully agree with that timeline, at least not when you
           | consider it more broadly.
           | 
           | My granddad was a farmer (he was born around 1920). Back
           | then, animals were still treated fairly well, and the animals
           | themselves were also still natural. The real
           | industrialization of livestock came after that, when he was
           | already retired.
           | 
           | Having raised and killed animals all of his life, he actually
           | wasn't too fond of how animals were raised and treated after
           | that. For sure he regarded all specifically bred animals as
           | unnatural.
        
             | xbmcuser wrote:
             | What has how animals are treated got to do with selective
             | breeding? Even your granddad probably used selective
             | breeding.
        
               | koonsolo wrote:
               | The real question is how far do you take selective
               | breeding.
               | 
               | Do you want chickens that can't stand on their own legs?
               | Olden days: no, currently: yes.
               | 
               | Do you want cows so fat that they can't naturally give
               | birth to calves? Olden days: no, currently: yes.
               | 
               | How do you breed animals? Oldens days: put the male
               | together with the female. Currenly, jerk of the male and
               | inject the semen in the female.
               | 
               | It's all industrialized. And what selective breeding has
               | to do with how animals are treated? Everything. Unless
               | you claim chickens too fat for their legs, cows too fat
               | to give birth, etc, has no impact on their well being.
        
       | d23 wrote:
       | Dystopian beyond belief
        
       | kickout wrote:
       | My opinion continues to be tools like CRISPR and genome editing
       | techniques are just that--tools. Can be used for good or bad
       | purposes depending on your context and bias.
       | 
       | Most people associate these genome modification tools as
       | inherently bad because the first generation of them were tied to
       | herbicide and pesticide resistance. Whether you agree with those
       | applications or not, its clear those tools worked and were
       | extremely powerful. I would personally argue they work too well
       | and the 2nd and 3rd order effects are doing the most damage. But
       | these tools exist in regulatory frameworks that are archaic and
       | rigid and when billions of dollars are on the line companies
       | figure out ways to play in between the lines.
       | 
       | An optimistic person might want these tools to be used to
       | increase taste profiles, shelf-life, nutritional content, range
       | of adaptation, etc. A pessimist probably sees this as a faster
       | way to add more herbicide or pesticide traits to enable those
       | chemicals to be applied.
       | 
       | I'm very bullish on genome editing tech. Lots of these comments
       | are applying 1990s thinking to a 2030 and beyond tech. Akin to
       | 1950s 'futuristic' predictions showing flying cars.
        
         | foobiekr wrote:
         | You know, I agree with you, I think there's not necessarily a
         | problem with CRISPR or GMOs or mutagenic selective breeding, or
         | whatever.
         | 
         | But there are real issues: novel introductions make it harder
         | to define how we talk about food safety in general, since
         | almost all of it is based on both a very poor science
         | (nutrition science is a dumpster fire) and long-term use by
         | humans (GRAS) where previous generations were test subjects.
         | The industry around this basically ignores these issues and
         | pretends they don't exist and they label anyone raising issues
         | as "anti-science."
         | 
         | Put another way: industries _usually_ don't end up untrusted
         | because people are crazy, they _usually_ earned it, and GMO big
         | ag has earned it in spades.
         | 
         | It's not just the original go to market being terminator seeds
         | and submarining in patents, or to enable soaking fields with
         | RoundUp, it's also that when people talk about GMOs, they're
         | often talking about transgenic GMOs, things like Flavr Savr and
         | the generally borderline-gaslighting issue around the industry
         | and FDA pretending that labeling food with actual information
         | would be bad (which has come up over and over, not just with
         | GMOs).
         | 
         | There's also the disingenuous approach to pretending that
         | modern genetic engineering is "just" accelerated breeding,
         | which frankly isn't true and mostly relies on the fact that
         | modern breeding uses mutagens to accelerate a process which
         | makes coming up with a useful definition of GRAS quite
         | difficult.
         | 
         | Basically the industry's argument was "GMO is no
         | worse/different than what we've been doing for thirty years
         | that you didn't know about, so it's fine" which, shocking, has
         | kind of fallen flat because it is an outright lie.
         | 
         | Gaslighting is an overused term, but the industry's"it's just
         | selective breeding!" argument is really pretty phony, and
         | that's ignoring transgenic GMOs.
         | 
         | Before I get labeled "anti-science", I'm actually pro GMO, pro-
         | GMO food and so on. But only in a functional regulatory
         | environment, which we do not have at the moment.
        
           | kickout wrote:
           | All good points. Another topic lost in these debates is _very
           | real alternatives_. People lament fields soaked in glyphosate
           | or neonics. True, there are real problems with these actives.
           | Unfortunately, these chemicals largely replaced _even more
           | dangerous_ chemicals like DDT and other nasty organs-
           | phosphates (I think sarin gas was discovered while searching
           | for pesticides?).
           | 
           | It's unfortunate people don't have complete information and
           | make the assumption of glyphosate/whatever or nothing when
           | that reality never really ever existed.
        
             | jimbob45 wrote:
             | DDT was never that dangerous. Rachel Carson was simply the
             | Andrew Wakefield of her generation and her sackless
             | colleagues in the field wouldn't call her out, unlike the
             | medical field coming together to stand up to Wakefield's
             | racket today. Hell, she had a degree in Marine Science, not
             | Biochemistry.
             | 
             | https://studiomatters.com/the-toxic-legacy-of-rachel-carson
        
               | kickout wrote:
               | Eh, slight disagree. DDT at that scale is problematic. No
               | comment on silent spring, but to clearly struck a cord
               | with public perception-- real or baseless
        
         | sjmm1989 wrote:
         | Anyone who has ever eaten bread or a banana, has already been
         | technically in some fashion or another, eating GMO's.
         | 
         | Norman Borlaug helped rid us of Wheat rust, which took a more
         | 'natural' approach to gene editing.
         | 
         | The banana has been a mutant for decades now.
        
           | qqtt wrote:
           | Also lemons, broccoli, and pretty much any modern vegetable
           | or fruit - humans have been selectively growing plants since
           | humans have had the knowledge of how to grow things period.
        
             | tsimionescu wrote:
             | What does that have to do with GMOs?
        
               | qqtt wrote:
               | That by selective growing of plants over thousands of
               | years, we have altered the genetic make up of the foods
               | we consume. While "GMO" is a "new technique", reductively
               | this isn't exactly another dimension compared to over
               | many years isolating and growing things like broccoli and
               | lemons.
               | 
               | Yes, GMO is a new technique to modify food sources away
               | from "naturally occurring processes" - but again things
               | like lemons and broccoli are also not naturally occurring
               | in nature.
        
               | hiptobecubic wrote:
               | This stupid, pedantic way of talking about the issue
               | helps no one.
        
           | kickout wrote:
           | The banana is a seedless triploid (seeds don't form because
           | they have an odd number of chromosome pairs). This is a
           | common mechanism in fruits to achieve seedless varieties that
           | can then be propagated vegetatively.
           | 
           | The term GMO has functionally lost all meaning to me as
           | anyone can load up a straw man defining it how they need it
           | to be defined at that point in time. Borlaug was a great
           | plant breeder, but some of his inventions ushered in those
           | tricky 2nd and 3rd order effects that I alluded to earlier.
           | Namely, the response of (wheat) crops to synthetic fertilizer
           | and how much synthetic fertilizer is both an economic boom
           | and and environmental quagmire. Interesting debates no doubt
        
           | Jon_Lowtek wrote:
           | Are you trying to conflate "selective breeding" and "genetic
           | modification" or do you mean "US Americans" when you say
           | "anyone"?
           | 
           | If by "Anyone" you mean "US Americans", then you are probably
           | referring to that vitamin A added GMO "golden banana" that is
           | field tested there. But in that case there would be no need
           | to say "technically in some fashion or another". _(EDIT: i
           | must have misinterpreted a single source, there is a lack of
           | secondary sources confirming any large scale availability of
           | this banana in the USA. Sorry! The field test is in Uganda
           | not America)_
           | 
           | The banana we are used to (Cavendish, ~99% world export
           | market share) is not a GMO, because that term has a
           | definition and a meaning, no matter how much people try to
           | conflate "selective breeding" and "genetically modified
           | organism".
           | 
           | What you are doing is called "muddying the water" and in
           | general it is not helpful in serious debate, except when you
           | aim for winning an argument, instead of reaching consent or
           | discovering a deeper truth. I am not saying it is invalid to
           | make a comparison between selective breeding and gene
           | editing, highlighting the similarities. Doing that is
           | perfectly fine. What is not ok, in my opinion, is trying to
           | attempt to redefine and twist the words used by the other
           | side of an argument to describe their position such that they
           | can not express their position anymore. Note that sometimes
           | word definitions are vague and reaching a common
           | understanding can look similar to this pattern, but in this
           | case the _" technically in some fashion or another"_ gives
           | the intention away.
        
           | samatman wrote:
           | Speaking as someone who has genetically modified several
           | organisms, please don't do this.
           | 
           | Genetic engineering is a distinctive and new technique for
           | modifying the genomes of organisms, and the results of
           | genetic engineering are referred to as GMOs.
           | 
           | The rhetorical flourish of decompiling the acronym and
           | pretending it is descriptive rather than nominal does no one
           | any favors. It's disingenuous, and doesn't alleviate
           | someone's distrust of genetic engineering, because they know
           | perfectly well that you know what they meant and are
           | deflecting the conversation.
        
             | foobiekr wrote:
             | Exactly this.
        
             | sjmm1989 wrote:
             | No, I took the actual definition, and you just don't like
             | it.
             | 
             | Just because other people are ignorant or arrogant, doesn't
             | mean we should cater to their ignorance or arrogance. But
             | it does mean we should make it easier to differentiate the
             | key differences by not re-using the same acronym over and
             | over again.
             | 
             | Instead of calling the 'new methods' GMO's, we should be
             | calling them something else, instead of confusing the
             | dummies. The new techniques folk like you are using should
             | get a whole new acronym to go with it... Not just labelled
             | GMO, yet again.
             | 
             | It just confuses the dummies. And we live in democracies
             | mostly, so you should be concerned about that.
        
               | Nbox9 wrote:
               | > No, I took the actual definition, and you just don't
               | like it.
               | 
               | You didn't take the actual definition. Look at the GMO
               | wiki, and the first sentence defines the term in such a
               | way to restrict it to organisms created with more modern
               | techniques. When having conversations with people it's
               | important to have a shared vocabulary with people. Having
               | a different vocabulary creates miscommunications. It can
               | be especially hard to assume best intent of people are
               | using a non-standard definition because it is a technique
               | purposefully done around scientific and academic jargon
               | to achieve political ends.
        
       | viswd wrote:
       | More patented life and another food product I plan to avoid.
       | 
       | I wonder if the average consumer will be as disgusted and turned
       | off by the idea of eating genetically modfied meat as I am.
        
         | kmlx wrote:
         | > I wonder if the average consumer will be as disgusted and
         | turned off by the idea of eating genetically modfied meat as I
         | am.
         | 
         | quite the contrary. i think this should be celebrated as a
         | great achievement and will happily eat it if it's delicious :P
        
         | diffeomorphism wrote:
         | > I wonder if the average consumer will be as disgusted and
         | turned off by the idea of eating genetically modfied meat as I
         | am.
         | 
         | To me that sounds like being turned off by it containing
         | dihydrogen monoxide. That is kind of a shame because the
         | "patented life" angle is a real, serious problem worth
         | attention but bundling it with shallow/trivial criticism like
         | "turned off" (it literally tastes the same) makes it easy to
         | dismiss.
        
         | jsnodlin wrote:
         | Not in the least. What's so disgusting about it? Totally
         | concerned about "patented life" however.
        
         | awb wrote:
         | Price tends to be a big persuader.
        
         | ekianjo wrote:
         | > average consumer will be as disgusted and turned off by the
         | idea of eating genetically modfied meat as I am.
         | 
         | And yet people seem to be interested in lab-produced meat
         | alternatives that use synthetic blood-like formula to make it
         | taste like actual meat?
        
           | ticviking wrote:
           | Most meat alternatives sit on the shelves around here _even_
           | when we have people stocking up for severe weather and there
           | 's nothing else left.
        
           | rtpg wrote:
           | Right because of the idea that you can look at lab produced
           | meat and feel like there is basically no suffering involved.
        
       | UltimateFloofy wrote:
       | okja
        
       | softwaredoug wrote:
       | I don't want to argue you should be vegetarian, but I hope at
       | least people might consider eating _much less_ meat. I'm trying
       | to save it for special occasions. It's not always possible, but I
       | try and do my best.
       | 
       | https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-h...
       | 
       | https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/eating-less-red-m...
        
         | tengbretson wrote:
         | On the other hand, even if you want to regularly eat meat,
         | between public land hunting and raising rabbits and chickens,
         | the ability to take the production of the meat you eat into
         | your own hands is a lot more accessible than you might think.
         | Even if you live in an urban setting.
        
           | nickstinemates wrote:
           | Yes 100%. Raising 52 chickens for 1 chicken per week per year
           | takes about 8 weeks start to finish and doesn't take much
           | space at all.
           | 
           | Rabbits are pound for pound the most efficient meat to raise.
        
         | colordrops wrote:
         | I do want to argue that you should be vegan. The meat industry
         | is very cruel to animals, and it is nearly impossible to source
         | truly "cruelty free" meat despite marketing saying otherwise.
         | Dairy is far worse, with cows kept in small cages, constantly
         | impregnated to keep producing milk, their calves pulled away
         | from them and slaughtered for veal. Eggs are also horrible,
         | with egg chickens living miserable lives, even "free range"
         | ones, and the male chicks being culled by being thrown into a
         | grinder.
         | 
         | Furthermore, water usage, water table pollution, and
         | greenhouses gasses from animal husbandry are a significant
         | chunk of the pie when it comes to climate change.
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | > with cows kept in small cages
           | 
           | I don't think this is common practice. My dairy knowledge is
           | somewhat dated, but they they're usually kept in large
           | corrals (possibly crowded) with many other cows.
        
             | wyre wrote:
             | They have to keep the cow in a cage or else she will look
             | for her offspring.
        
               | Turing_Machine wrote:
               | No, they're not "kept in cages".
               | 
               | You may be thinking of the stanchions they're put into
               | for milking, but they're only put in those during the
               | actual milking process, which only takes a few minutes
               | with modern milking machinery.
               | 
               | Usually they're fed something tasty while being milked...
               | makes it easier to get them to go into the dairy barn.
        
           | softwaredoug wrote:
           | That's a valid position. However the reality many people I've
           | found will be more open to eating less meat than going full
           | vegan. If in the end you reduce meat consumption, it's a win
        
           | wincy wrote:
           | The happiest times in my life and the healthiest I've ever
           | been are always when I eat mostly meat and very little of
           | anything else.
           | 
           | I don't care about the emotions of animals at all, and never
           | will. I purposely show my daughter videos of how to slaughter
           | farm animals to try to make sure she has a full understanding
           | of what's happening so she doesn't one day realize what
           | "pork" or "beef" means and becomes vegan. Her favorite food
           | by far is steak.
           | 
           | I'm all for others reducing their consumption as hopefully
           | that'll drop prices so I can eat more meat and feed my
           | children more meat. Which is the only actual end result
           | people who advocate cutting meat consumption will ever
           | achieve.
        
             | colordrops wrote:
             | Considering that you have no empathy for other living
             | beings, you should look into Elwood organic meats for you
             | and your children:
             | 
             | https://www.elwooddogmeat.com/
        
             | pessimizer wrote:
             | I don't care (much) about the emotions of animals either,
             | but I also 1) don't have a lust to make them suffer and 2)
             | think the farming of meat is destructive to the
             | environment. If there are tasty, cheap, and nutritious
             | substitutes for meat, I'd gladly eat them instead.
        
             | marliechiller wrote:
             | > I don't care about the emotions of animals at all
             | 
             | I hate to be the one to break this to you, but humans are
             | animals mate
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | >I'm all for others reducing their consumption as hopefully
             | that'll drop prices so I can eat more meat and feed my
             | children more meat
             | 
             | You realize that to an extent, the reason why meat is cheap
             | is because of economy of scale and government subsidies,
             | both of which depend on significant/majority of the
             | population to be meat eaters to exist?
        
             | wormer wrote:
             | So you desensitize her early to it before she gets a chance
             | to be old enough to think about the consequences of her
             | actions? Ok.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | selfsimilar wrote:
             | > I don't care about the emotions of animals at all, and
             | never will.
             | 
             | This comes across as proudly sociopathic. The line between
             | the human animal and any other is arbitrary and blurry and
             | about to get much more so. I think it's healthy to
             | understand your own body and recognize the importance meat
             | has in your diet, and if that comes at the cost of the
             | suffering of animals, that might be a price you're willing
             | to pay. But to lump all animal suffering together as
             | ignorable is really a red flag for an empathy deficit that
             | is worth examining.
        
           | coolso wrote:
           | > I do want to argue that you should be vegan.
           | 
           | Tried it (by my own suggestion) as a supportive boyfriend for
           | a week. Absolutely not. The food tastes awful and is so
           | unfulfilling as well. Every single bit of it. Nice boutique
           | vegan restaurants, homemade vegan, following highly rated
           | recipes online, "you can't even tell it's vegan!!"
           | alternatives from the store.
           | 
           | All of it absolutely gross and of questionable nutritional
           | value, both overall and to men's health especially but also
           | women. I finally discovered, for example, the source of my
           | then-girlfriend's bouts of faintness and nausea: her vegan
           | diet. Supplementing with vitamins improved things overnight.
           | But something feels very, very wrong about that.
           | 
           | There's also the type of person that tends to be vegan. I'm
           | sorry but when the scene is filled with people who believe
           | veganism, male feminism, effeminate traits, inherent weakness
           | due to diet, and voting for Bernie is a personality trait, I
           | don't walk... I run.
        
           | belorn wrote:
           | I want to argue that you should neither eat meat or an
           | vegetarian diet, especially if either is produced through
           | artificial fertilizers. As an Baltic ocean diver I am almost
           | daily reminded of the destructiveness caused by farming, and
           | I continuously witness the horror of asphyxia when low oxygen
           | water get flown near the areas I dive, and when the visible-
           | from-space algae bloom occurs. Artificial fertilizers is such
           | a huge problem that practically every single fresh water lake
           | in Europe is considered damaged by eutrophication. Sourcing
           | food free of that is a major step to reducing ones personal
           | climate footprint.
           | 
           | Eggs are actually great if you have your own flock of
           | chickens. They work almost for free in keeping grass down
           | without requiring fossil fuels or complex machinery. They are
           | almost perfect in handling food waste, and they can reduce
           | harmful insects and weed without using any herbicide or
           | pesticide. For insects they are likely less cruel than
           | poison, and do not spread the poison to bees or birds. They
           | also fertilizer the garden in a very natural way. A fairly
           | small flock can easily maintain the need of eggs for a small
           | family, often producing so much that you want to give it away
           | to friends and relatives.
           | 
           | A bit of an anecdotal but when the natural gas prices went up
           | after Russian invasion of Ukraine, one food product that got
           | hit hard was fresh tomatoes. Farming them during off-season
           | is very energy intensive and so require a lot of electricity,
           | which in most countries mean a lot of fossil fuel. Even if
           | you use renewables, that is energy that would otherwise go to
           | to displace fossil fuel. It is indirect, but fresh tomatoes
           | is right now connected with fossil fuel and war. Meat is also
           | effected, but analysts seem to argue that people can easier
           | switch over to farm more animal feed than they can fix the
           | energy dependence on Russian fossil fuels. People could stop
           | eating fresh vegetables when its off season...
        
           | nickstinemates wrote:
           | Grow your own meat or buy direct from someone who does
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | prepend wrote:
         | I'd like to argue for eating healthy and sustainably produced
         | animal protein.
         | 
         | Commercial meat is really bad for the environment, but you
         | don't have to eat that.
         | 
         | Animals are evolved to make the most of vegetables that humans
         | can't eat. There are sustainable sources that we can use to eat
         | beef, pork, chicken, lamb, etc.
         | 
         | I try and do my best by eating local sources that I know are
         | well produced. I don't hunt, but would one day like to.
         | 
         | https://www.sacredcow.info/ Is a decent source of info on this.
        
           | sweetheart wrote:
           | Unnecessary violence that is sustainable is still unnecessary
           | violence. You don't need to eat any animals to thrive, so
           | choosing to do so is simply choosing to induce suffering for
           | ephemeral, meaningless pleasure.
        
             | yesco wrote:
             | Your appeal to emotion is unconvincing
        
               | sweetheart wrote:
               | Yeah it's sad how few people are able to grasp the simple
               | concept that we ought to avoid unnecessary suffering,
               | regardless of species.
        
               | Nbox9 wrote:
               | That's because it's a logical appeal. The argument is:
               | Eating meat causes suffering to the animal. Eating meat
               | is unnecessary for a human life. Eating meat causes
               | unnecessary suffering.
        
               | Turing_Machine wrote:
               | > Eating meat is unnecessary for a human life
               | 
               | There are a lot of things that are "unnecessary for human
               | life", such as using electricity.
               | 
               | Making electricity harms the environment, causing
               | suffering.
               | 
               | Therefore, you should stop using your computer.
               | 
               | Right?
        
               | yesco wrote:
               | Okay then your "logical appeal" is unconvincing, I
               | disagree that eating meat is uneccessary.
        
               | twojacobtwo wrote:
               | I believe a logical implication of your 'argument' is
               | that you think vegans don't exist. Is that really the
               | case?
        
               | yesco wrote:
               | I believe vegan diets are detrimental to health, I
               | consider being healthy necessary for human life. I
               | realize vegans like to imply the opposite but not only
               | has the evidence been unconvincing, but I frankly have
               | never met a healthy looking vegan in real life.
               | 
               | Not that any actual evidence or true rational argument
               | has been provided by such parties in this comment chain.
               | Appealing to emotion and agressively stating what you
               | want to be true are simply not conductive to a productive
               | argument.
        
               | sweetheart wrote:
               | How would you know if someone you met is a healthy
               | vegan?...
        
               | sweetheart wrote:
               | You disagree with every major nutritional and dietetic
               | institute around the world. Google it.
        
               | yesco wrote:
               | No, provide me the sources if you want to use them as a
               | part of your argument.
        
               | sweetheart wrote:
               | Okay.
               | 
               | https://youaretheirvoice.com/pages/the-clear-consensus
               | 
               | Enjoy.
        
               | cercatrova wrote:
               | In an argument, if you're trying to convince the other
               | person to support your beliefs, you wouldn't use clearly
               | biased sources like you did here. I have no argument with
               | you specifically but just pointing it out for the future
               | that people will dismiss any biased sources you give
               | them, which is probably not what you want the outcome to
               | be in an argumentative fashion.
        
               | sweetheart wrote:
               | You mean Kaiser Permanente? And Harvard Medical School?
               | And The American Institute for Cancer Research? And the
               | British Dietetic Association? And the Mayo Clinic?
               | 
               | What biases are you talking about?
        
               | cercatrova wrote:
               | The site you linked is affiliated with vegan causes, is
               | it not? Just because the sources are from those
               | institutions does not mean they aren't cherry picked for
               | that specific cause. I can also quote journals with
               | conclusions justifying omnivorous consumption as well [0]
               | but those would be just as cherry picked.
               | 
               | [0] https://sapienjournal.org/people-who-eat-meat-
               | experience-low...
        
               | sweetheart wrote:
               | Mate, the website is just a collection of links to the
               | actual research. I'm being asked for sources, I give tons
               | of very credible sources, and your retort is to just
               | claim that now they are cherry picked?
               | 
               | Sure, we can ALWAYS find a source that supports whatever
               | claim we want to make. But let's look at the general
               | scientific consensus.
               | 
               | The overwhelming majority of research indicates that
               | veganism is perfectly healthy. That's what I linked! Your
               | single journalistic summary of summary about non-causal
               | associations between meat eating and depression don't
               | undo the general scientific consensus.
        
               | schrodinger wrote:
               | You can't just disagree with a fact. There are plenty of
               | examples of people who live normal life spans without
               | eating meat.
        
               | yesco wrote:
               | Provide them then, real hard evidence that lifespans are
               | unaffected by the average person with a vegan diet.
        
             | tsimionescu wrote:
             | Animals die violently regardless of human actions. If you
             | want to prevent violent, painful deaths, you should be
             | going around the forest euthanizing animals.
        
               | sweetheart wrote:
               | How do you think that will prevent horrible deaths? Will
               | the animals that need to hunt and eat prey suddenly not
               | be hungry?
        
             | radu_floricica wrote:
             | I never found a satisfactory answer to this question: if we
             | stop eating domestic animals, they won't frolic forever in
             | an idyllic wilderness - they'll just stop existing,
             | completely. Do you prefer them not existing, to being eaten
             | by people?
             | 
             | And once you've answered - how would you feel about hyper
             | advanced aliens coming to our corner of the universe and
             | being horrified of all the pain and misery on earth, with a
             | finger on a button that'll painlessly stop us from
             | existing.
        
               | sweetheart wrote:
               | Yeah we should stop breeding animals into existence only
               | to live short and unimaginably cruel lives. They won't go
               | extinct though, if that's what you mean. There will
               | always be cows and chickens and pigs. Just far far fewer.
               | 
               | The huge difference between your hypothetical and reality
               | is that the aliens are actively committing genocide and
               | im merely a proponent of not forcefully impregnating more
               | animals to get them pregnant so I can profit off them.
               | 
               | If human beings were kept in conditions like those we
               | find animals and at the same scale, and the aliens came
               | and were horrified then I'd beg them to press the button
               | that stops humans from being raped and impregnated at
               | mass scale solely for the babies to be processed.
        
       | betwixthewires wrote:
       | I want to know what exactly was changed to help them "endure
       | climate change" because to me it sounds like bullshit designed to
       | create a proprietary cow genome with a pretty story to sell it.
        
         | microjim wrote:
         | That information, alongside a comparison photo, is available in
         | the first (very short) paragraph. The modification is to have
         | them grow much shorter hair in order to tolerate heat better.
        
         | wedn3sday wrote:
         | I dont mean to sound condescending here, but it would have
         | taken you 2-5 seconds to find the answer to your question. This
         | comment is an example of bad internet discourse.
         | 
         | However! I agree that the who-owns-the-genes question is
         | interesting.
        
         | dillondoyle wrote:
         | Also 'endure climate change' is so grossly ironic.
         | 
         | Instead of factoring in the costs of our actions, engineer ways
         | to lower price and feed more demand -> and thus creating more
         | methane, forest destruction, emissions from feed, huge waste of
         | water, and all the gas shipping it a continent away.
         | 
         | If people won't reduce their beef consumption, maybe we can
         | crispr out some methane (seems not possible just based on
         | chemistry but who knows?). Or maybe just let the real price
         | with externalities lower consumption.
        
           | s1artibartfast wrote:
           | The methane isn't from the cows, it is from the bacteria in
           | their gut. It can be greatly reduced with supplemental
           | feeding that changes the microbiome
        
             | Eduard wrote:
             | The methane isn't from the bacteria, it is from their food.
             | 
             | If the inefficient cow/bacteria processing step is skipped,
             | the whole production pipeline is greatly more climate-
             | friendly.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | More specifically, it is a waste product from bacteria
               | digesting the food.
               | 
               | The food doesn't turn to methane without the bacteria.
               | 
               | https://jasbsci.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40104
               | -01...
        
               | matthewdgreen wrote:
               | But genes to appear to modulate gut microbiota
               | composition on other animals, so it's not impossible that
               | there is some genetic modification (to cattle) that would
               | have the desired effect.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | oh, I totally agree that there could be some design space
               | around this.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | Another alternative is GMO feed that contain some of the
               | same nutrients as seaweed. Gene transfer might be easier
               | between seaweed and feed then seaweed and cow
        
             | dillondoyle wrote:
             | Very cool to see the knowledge of guy/microbiome growing.
             | 
             | I wonder if that means it would actually be possible, more
             | likely I would guess to modify the corn or whatever gross
             | food we feed most cows.
        
             | matthewdgreen wrote:
             | I've read a lot about this, but is it being done at any
             | scale? And how much extra does it cost?
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | Not that I am aware of, but I am far from an expert in
               | the area.
               | 
               | This paper[1] suggests it would cost about ~20 cents per
               | lb of beef
               | 
               | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/jour
               | nal...
        
       | 0des wrote:
       | This might be an unpopular opinion here but if this puts more
       | beef on the table or at a lesser price, bring it on. I love beef.
       | I want more people to have access to good quality beef at a
       | competitive price. The pandemic for me saw meat in general double
       | in price on average. I can't in good faith consume corn,
       | tomatoes, tobacco, or even broccoli while saying I don't support
       | GMO. It is not the same but it also is not an entirely unrelated
       | concept. As an engineer we are taught to analyze and overcome and
       | to me this is nothing different.
        
         | sschueller wrote:
         | But the race to the bottom has shown that quality goes out the
         | window. People will eat garbage if it's cheap and companies
         | will cut any corners they can to get the price down.
         | 
         | Corn fed factory meat doesn't taste at all the same as grass
         | fed organic free-range.
         | 
         | I'd rather pay quadruple for a piece of meat and only eat it
         | once a week than the crap we get for cheap every day.
        
         | chiefalchemist wrote:
         | Moves like this are not about improving the general conditions
         | of the masses.
         | 
         | Please let's stop being so naive.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | bigDinosaur wrote:
         | if you have literally no concern about the suffering of
         | animals, then it's a good thing. If you think that the
         | suffering of animals outweighs people's _preferences_ (not
         | needs, you can thrive on a vegetarian diet) then this is
         | absolutely not good. I 'm happy to see high prices for beef,
         | and would be happy if everyone was priced out of eating it. As
         | second best, I'd be happy if people at least considered the
         | suffering that went into their food production and chose to
         | reduce that consumption even if they feel they cannot eliminate
         | it.
        
           | kmlx wrote:
           | > you can thrive on a vegetarian diet
           | 
           | as long as you take vitamins B12, D and some iron, you should
           | be fine.
           | 
           | but having been meat eaters for 2.4 million years will be
           | hard to shake off.
           | 
           | if anything eating beef will increase in the future as more
           | and more people rise to the "middle class". we should
           | probably take this into consideration and it's implications,
           | no matter how you feel about the subject.
        
             | bigDinosaur wrote:
             | People bring this up, but like, is eating dog okay? Even if
             | you say yes, is factory farming them okay? Is eating human
             | okay? No - just because we may have had meat in our diet
             | for millions of years doesn't mean we have to choose the
             | most advanced life to factory farm and eat. We certainly
             | have more reservations against eating certain kinds of meat
             | than can be explained purely from an evolutionary
             | perspective - and that aspect should be expanded to cover
             | more species. Plenty of Westerners will be outraged when
             | the Japanese slaughter a whale but seem fine with the
             | _immense_ suffering in the farms in their own country. I
             | don 't think this can be reconciled if people knew just
             | what actually went on.
             | 
             | I'll note that personally I don't shame people for eating
             | meat - that's just not a nice way to live and leads to
             | immense resentment. I do think people are making the wrong
             | choice here though.
        
           | triyambakam wrote:
           | I felt sad seeing the cows in the featured article :( Friends
           | not food.
        
           | 0des wrote:
           | I respect your choice, and hope some day the work we see here
           | can open doors to a lab grown alternative that eliminates the
           | suffering so that you also can experience the joy of a
           | ribeye, bone-in with a compound butter and runny egg.
        
             | koonsolo wrote:
             | I also eat meat, so not going to play the saint here.
             | 
             | But it seems you have absolutely no remorse of what happens
             | to those animals that end up on your plate. Or you do and
             | try to cover it up by playing the tough guy.
             | 
             | I try to cut back on meat as much as I can. I also enjoy
             | some ribs, but I don't eat meat every day. And when I do, I
             | try to stick with fish or poultry.
             | 
             | I suggest you watch some slaughterhouse videos, so you know
             | what those animals have to go through to end up as tasty
             | meat on your plate:
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RTenibfTutI . Please watch
             | it all up until the end.
             | 
             | If you still have no remorse, you are for sure a
             | psychopath.
        
               | 0des wrote:
               | A psychopath? Who's the tough guy?
        
               | koonsolo wrote:
               | So which one is it? Are you just PLAYING the role of a
               | tough guy, or do you really have no remorse when watching
               | that video?
        
               | matchbok wrote:
               | They are animals. Do you weep for the bugs and rabbits
               | that are killed when wheat is harvested?
        
               | koonsolo wrote:
               | They probably didn't live in a box about the size of
               | their own body their entire life.
        
               | naoqj wrote:
               | That video is slowed down in the most shocking moments to
               | make it look like the suffering of the animals lasts for
               | longer.
        
               | koonsolo wrote:
               | Ok, fair enough. Can you provide a video that is more
               | realistic then?
        
               | naoqj wrote:
               | Watching videos of slaughterhouses is not one of my
               | hobbies so I don't know of any other video like that.
        
               | koonsolo wrote:
               | Yeah, probably because they're all gruesome, slowed down
               | or not.
        
               | jlokier wrote:
               | Acute suffering and fear tends to last longer,
               | subjectively, for humans. Psychological time stretches.
               | Perhaps slowing it down is a more accurate portrayal of
               | the animal's experience than not doing so.
        
           | landa wrote:
           | You're 100% right about this. What's going on right now with
           | mass slaughter of animals will hopefully end one day soon and
           | be looked back on as the darkest time in the Earth's history.
        
           | Knufen wrote:
           | This is probably gonna sound a bit dystopian, but would you
           | eat beef if we eliminated suffering with CRISPR? I don't get
           | to talk to a lot of vegetarians/vegans so honest question.
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | Sorry, nobody is going to eat your meat eggs :P
        
             | Timwi wrote:
             | I would, but I think the premise is unrealistic. The term
             | "suffering" itself is pretty vague and undefined. You might
             | be thinking of just removing pain receptors in the brain or
             | something, but there are many more sources of suffering
             | than just pain.
        
             | lopis wrote:
             | If you invent an animal that is designed to grow muscle
             | tissue for harvesting and isn't sentient nor suffers,
             | you've solved lab meat, in an organic container. While many
             | veg _ns grew a distaste for meat, that would indeed satisfy
             | the vegan principle of eliminating suffering._
             | 
             | However, the reason farm animals are so cheap is because
             | they are conscious, autonomous meat machines that you can
             | order around easily.
             | 
             | * You do enter into another question here about whether
             | brain dead or deeply disabled people are ethical to be
             | eaten. Most people would say no.
        
               | iamacyborg wrote:
               | I think your latter point is a bit different to the topic
               | at hand.
               | 
               | Cannibalism isn't widely seen as distasteful because of
               | the suffering involved, but because you're eating
               | _people_.
               | 
               | Maybe a better question would be around eating dog,
               | dolphin or to a lesser extent, horse meat.
        
               | rhn_mk1 wrote:
               | Or the inverse: turning the brain dead into animal feed
               | or fertilizer.
               | 
               | Closer to home: donating them to research/organ donation
               | _before_ they formally die.
        
             | bigDinosaur wrote:
             | I don't know. My moral intitutions and reasoning fall apart
             | if you remove suffering from the equation. By that logic it
             | would also be okay to farm and eat humans if we eliminated
             | their ability to suffer using CRISPR. What would you think
             | of that? I don't even know where to start.
        
               | genousti wrote:
        
               | bigDinosaur wrote:
               | That'd be an okay but irrelevant to meat eating point if
               | I was against supply chain transparency and stopping
               | slavery. I am very much happy to see anyone who has
               | enslaved anyone going to prison for the rest of their
               | life though, and I'm very happy for companies to find
               | alternative sources to warlords and corrupt banana
               | republics.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | First, poor argument: https://thenib.com/mister-gotcha/
               | 
               | Second, Apple is actually trying to make sure that
               | doesn't happen: https://www.apple.com/supplier-
               | responsibility/pdf/Apple-Comb...
        
               | lopis wrote:
               | > Yet u write this probably on an iphone or whatever
               | computer where rate minerals where harvested by slaves
               | who died doing so.
               | 
               | This is the lowest effort meme argument commonly found in
               | any animal rights discussions.
               | 
               | Yes there are problems in the world. My choice of phone
               | makes barely any difference ethically; thus I must leave
               | society behind, lest im banned from arguing about
               | anything at all? No, you evaluate what you have power
               | over and act accordingly. I have access to all my
               | nutrition in plat based food, so that's what I eat. I can
               | afford and am able to use a Fairphone, so I do that.
               | Defeatist comments like yours don't drive discussion nor
               | help anyone, but those too lazy or accommodated to re-
               | evaluate their impact on the world.
        
           | thunderbong wrote:
           | We weep for the blood of a bird, but not for the blood of a
           | fish. Blessed are those who have voice. - Mamoru Oshii
        
             | pessimizer wrote:
             | Lots of people don't eat fish.
        
           | DeWilde wrote:
           | > not needs, you can thrive on a vegetarian diet
           | 
           | Not true for everyone. I have a specific health issue and to
           | ingest the necessary daily intake of proteins solely through
           | non-meat source would mean ingesting a lot more carbs that I
           | can handle for a day.
           | 
           | Also explain how would CRISPR increase the suffering of
           | animals?
        
             | Timwi wrote:
             | I don't think they were claiming that it increases
             | suffering. But it doesn't decrease it either. We should at
             | least decrease suffering, or ideally, eliminate it. CRISPR
             | does not constitute any progress in that regard. If
             | anything, it gives more people more excuses to continue
             | supporting the suffering.
        
               | DeWilde wrote:
               | That is correct. Ideally we will move to lab grown meat
               | or just lab grown edibles/drinkables that contain all the
               | nutrients you need and you get to choose the ratio of
               | nutrients for each meal.
        
             | Spivak wrote:
             | My vegan protein powder is 20g protein for 2g carbs 2g
             | fiber so it's definitely possible.
        
           | matchbok wrote:
           | The virtue signaling is strong here. Humans have been eating
           | animals forever. It played a large part in our evolution.
           | It's a normal part of life. Wringing hands over it helps
           | nobody.
        
           | throwaway73838 wrote:
           | I agree. I think eating meat is abhorrent, and genetically
           | mutilating animals even more so. Selective breeding is one
           | thing, but this opens the doors to all kinds of 'design gene'
           | questions that I don't think the world is ready for, or ever
           | should be.
        
             | furstenheim wrote:
             | How is selective breeding good? There are dog breeds that
             | have respiratory problems all their lives. CRISPR should
             | open the door to genetic improvements without genetic
             | diversity loss
        
               | simulate-me wrote:
               | The breathing issues found in certain breeds of dogs
               | aren't from diversity loss. Rather, the breathing issues
               | are caused by the traits being bred for. Pugs, for
               | instance, are bred to have small noses, so small that
               | they restrict airflow. CRISPR could exacerbate the desire
               | of breeders to express physical characteristics in dogs
               | without considerations for the impact of those changes on
               | the well-being of the dog.
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | Why is this for the FDA to decide, not the electorate?
       | 
       | We've had discussions about abortion for ages, yet here the FDA
       | okays a human intervention just like that?
        
         | rocqua wrote:
         | This is about suitability of meat as food. That falls squarely
         | within the purview of the FDA.
         | 
         | Whether this is allowed to do to animals is not determined by
         | the FDA. I am not sure what law does cover this.
        
       | imtringued wrote:
       | I sure hope that these cows can reproduce without the
       | authorization of a mega corporation.
       | 
       | Everyone loves talking about how their genetic engineering
       | technique is the best and that at worst it is only as bad as
       | selective breeding yet they completely dismiss the fact that you
       | cannot apply selective breeding on a lot of these GMOs.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | > I sure hope that these cows can reproduce without the
         | authorization of a mega corporation.
         | 
         | What's the concern here? That violating the reproductive rights
         | of livestock is bad?
        
       | jdrc wrote:
       | 'Not' disappointed by the amount of content-free opinion in these
       | threads. Gell-mann amnesia starts to fade
        
       | ksec wrote:
       | From the 12+ Years on HN I know this is an unpopular opinion.
       | 
       | I dont like GMO / Genome-edited cattle / food or crops. Even if
       | it could theoretically occur through a natural breeding process.
       | You can cross breed all you want. GMO is not cross breed as many
       | on HN somehow believes last time we had this discussions. You can
       | do Data Science and other controlled environment in providing
       | better yield as in EUR ( Or specifically the Dutch ). And we may
       | soon have Cattle labeled as GMO / Genome-Edit Free as selling
       | point, as US likes to do with Antibiotic Free and Growth Hormones
       | free labels. Part of the reason why EU has never been keen on US
       | Beef import.
       | 
       | To add some other context, US Beef export rank third in export
       | volume and first or second in export revenue.
        
         | Thorrez wrote:
         | >And we may soon have Cattle labeled as GMO / Genome-Edit Free
         | as selling point
         | 
         | A lot of food I buy has labels saying GMO-free on it. Although
         | maybe that's just to distinguish from GMO plants currently.
        
           | klondike_ wrote:
           | There are actually very few GMO crops available commercially.
           | Mostly corn and wheat. The "No GMO" label is meaningless for
           | most products that don't use these ingredients
        
             | ksec wrote:
             | And potatoes.
        
             | ben_w wrote:
             | Most of the hard cheese I eat was processed with
             | genetically modified bacterial rennet, and would otherwise
             | not be vegetarian.
        
               | exhilaration wrote:
               | Yup. I would say at this point 99% of the cheese consumed
               | by Americans is produced with GMO bacterial rennet. I've
               | contacted maybe a dozen cheese producers and they've told
               | me the same thing. It's not just about lower cost, but
               | that is the biggest factor, one producer told me it's
               | also about bacterial rennet being much more consistent
               | and predictable.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | There is no GMO wheat available. Lots of corn and a few.
             | Others, but so far no wheet
        
           | kickout wrote:
           | Other have also commented, but this is mostly a marketing
           | ploy. Non-GMO is not a regulated term and most things we eat
           | have do not have a 'GMO' alternative.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | >Non-GMO is not a regulated term and most things we eat
             | have do not have a 'GMO' alternative.
             | 
             | Source? A search turns up:
             | 
             | https://www.usda.gov/media/blog/2016/09/21/new-allowances-
             | in...
        
               | kickout wrote:
               | Organic is the regulated term. Again, GMO is not a
               | regulated term. The fact you see companies using it to
               | try and extract a premium is the result of marketing, not
               | a defined technical certification.
        
         | i_am_proteus wrote:
         | Further your assertion by discussing the real concern:
         | uncertainty.
         | 
         | It seems to take generations for health problems with novel
         | products that humans ingest to materialize.
         | 
         | We have millennia of experience with cross breeding, animal
         | husbandry, etc.
         | 
         | Why trust these salesmen of genetically modified organisms, the
         | same gentlemen who gleefully introduce pesticides into the
         | environment, when we _know_ that traditional hybrid crops and
         | selectively-bred livestock provide ample nourishment?
         | 
         | Is optimizing for per-acre yields at the risk hazard the
         | environment and human health worthwhile?
        
           | sokoloff wrote:
           | That depends in large part on whether a world population of
           | 8B can be fed at the lower per-acre yields.
           | 
           | If the alternative is "everyone eats, but food is a little
           | more expensive", that's OK. If the alternative is "billions
           | live with insufficient food and 100s of millions die", then I
           | think the balance of the risk equation shifts.
        
           | rocqua wrote:
           | To avoid malthusian traps we do need per-acre yields to be
           | higher and higher. Increasing yields is not just about
           | farmers profits, also about feeding the world.
           | 
           | That does not mean it is a good idea to trade long term
           | damage for short term yields. But yields are still important.
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | >To avoid malthusian traps we do need per-acre yields to be
             | higher and higher. Increasing yields is not just about
             | farmers profits, also about feeding the world.
             | 
             | This is illogical. The only places that experience
             | excessive population growth are those that haven't
             | developed their basic agricultural sectors and rely on
             | labor intensive subsistence farming which means having
             | children who work on your farm is not a drag on your
             | household. The reason why those people do subsistence
             | farming is actually quite ironic, because they cannot
             | afford to run commercial farms as those would have to
             | compete with hyper optimized western farms so instead every
             | poor nation is forced to sell its raw resources and cash
             | crops and then buy food from developed countries.
             | 
             | You can't sustain a population on vanilla but since western
             | and asian countries cannot compete on e.g. coffee or
             | vanilla production in Madagascar that nation can use the
             | proceeds to import rice. The problem isn't an inability to
             | grow rice, after all, people do subsistence farming and
             | live off it their entire life.
        
         | epgui wrote:
         | I'm a biochemist, and I'd feed GMOs to my kids all day if I had
         | any. Or to my mom. They're totally fine.
        
           | netizen-936824 wrote:
           | Same here. Also a biochemist, I'm totally fine with GMO
           | stuff. There's nothing wrong with it at all
        
             | pueblito wrote:
             | I'm a farmer. I vehemently disagree.
        
               | prepend wrote:
               | As a janitor I am vehemently ambivalent.
               | 
               | Seriously though, biochemists seem to have more authority
               | on this subject than a farmer. Some farmers study and are
               | knowledgeable about genes and chemistry and whatnot. But
               | without further information, just being a farmer doesn't
               | give you much more insight on the safety of GMO.
        
               | rincebrain wrote:
               | I personally interpreted the GP and grand-GP commenter's
               | statement as "there is nothing wrong from a health
               | perspective about consuming GMO products", not "there is
               | nothing wrong with the utterly bonkers legal convolutions
               | surrounding GMO seed control".
        
               | epgui wrote:
               | This is exactly what I meant, thank you. (see: principle
               | of generous interpretation)
        
               | netizen-936824 wrote:
               | So what's the problem with it?
               | 
               | In my opinion, health-wise and biochemically its fine
               | 
               | The patent situation, market capture, and change in
               | biodiversity are issues secondary to the issues most are
               | generally worried about when consuming and purchasing GMO
               | foods and could be fixed with changes in law/regulation
               | rather than having to do with whatever proteins the
               | organism is expressing
        
               | epgui wrote:
               | Bingo.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | karmakurtisaani wrote:
           | For me the idea that a company can claim intellectual
           | property rights to a genome sounds pretty awful. To be fair,
           | I don't know if that's a real threat or not, but I could
           | totally see it happening.
        
             | epgui wrote:
             | Yeah I agree, but I also feel the same way about software
             | patents.
             | 
             | I think it's important to distinguish that objection from
             | health scares, technophobia and such: imagine if the
             | public's objections were targeted at the real problems
             | instead, how much more productive it would be!
        
               | codingdave wrote:
               | Yes, but posting "They're totally fine" is hardly
               | distinguishing those problems.
               | 
               | If you are going to use your credentials to explain why
               | you do not have a problem with GMOs, but then put in a
               | blanket "Everything is fine" vibe... that doesn't do
               | justice to the problems.
        
               | epgui wrote:
               | A biochemist isn't exactly the best positioned to talk
               | about political or legal issues. Health risks, however,
               | are what we know about.
        
               | karmakurtisaani wrote:
               | That gives me a pretty cynical idea: the companies
               | pushing GMOs should start funding and supporting groups
               | who are vocal about the claimed adverse health effects of
               | GMOs. That opposition is easy to argue against in public
               | debate, and the resulting noise conveniently drowns out
               | the real problems. Controlled opposition I think it's
               | called.
               | 
               | Not surprisingly, I've learned about this concept from
               | the Russian government.
        
               | speed_spread wrote:
               | I believe that's exactly what they are doing. They're
               | drowning the big political issues of their model into the
               | noise produced by the scientifically debatable issues.
               | Ultimately, it's about bringing back up a feudal regime
               | that can't be bypassed.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | Sounds like poe's law? "wow these radical activists have
               | some really extreme positions! could it be that these are
               | people that sincerely hold extreme positions? nah they
               | must be the 'controlled opposition' hired by the elites
               | to bring 'back up a feudal regime that can't be
               | bypassed'!"
        
               | karmakurtisaani wrote:
               | Well, how would you ever know? When there's profit to be
               | made you shouldn't exclude the possibility.
        
               | speed_spread wrote:
               | Nothing so obvious. Yes, these people aren't hired or
               | paid in any way, they are authentic in their positions.
               | And they also get media attention because extremes bring
               | clicks, rational political discourse is otherwise
               | "boring". Power dynamics already regulates away most
               | credible opposition so incumbents only have to nudge
               | things here and there.
        
           | aaaaaaaaata wrote:
           | Are you commenting on the safety of GMO DNA structure, and
           | long-term biology?
           | 
           | Or are you approving the chemicals that are sprayed on GMOs
           | because they can survive them?
        
             | epgui wrote:
             | I am commenting on GMOs and GMOs only, I am not commenting
             | about the safety of chemicals. GMO products themselves are
             | biosimilar/essentially-equivalent to non-GMOs.
             | 
             | I think being opposed to the spraying of fields by whatever
             | herbicide or pesticide is a legitimate position, but it's a
             | distinct problem. Yes, I realize that they often come
             | together, but that is not necessarily the case.
             | 
             | You can easily have a GMO that has nothing to do with
             | pesticide or herbicide resistance, in fact there are plenty
             | of those, and they unfortunately all get lumped into the
             | same category in public discourse.
             | 
             | And even in the worst case, where a GMO's purpose is to be
             | used alongside a herbicide such as glyphosate... It's not
             | clear that the alternative is any better. In fact most
             | other categories of herbicides are way more hazardous (note
             | that I am not a herbicide expert, but I do know a thing or
             | two about them). I don't want to defend any bad companies,
             | and I don't know what the solution is, but one thing I know
             | for sure: feeding everyone is actually super complicated.
        
           | codingdave wrote:
           | The problem with GMOs isn't the GMO itself - it is the
           | practices that surround them. Patents, pesticides, and the
           | resulting monoculture in large agricultural operations.
        
             | epgui wrote:
             | I will agree to that! But also every GMO is different, so
             | IMO it makes no sense whatsoever for people to be "anti-
             | GMO" in general, or even to have "GMO-free" labels on
             | foods, but I would respect someone who was against a very
             | specific use of GMO. And I do think it makes sense to have
             | disclosure labels for products that use specific herbicides
             | or pesticides.
             | 
             | Unfortunately, regulation of this sort of thing, at least
             | in Canada and the US, is a complete joke and a confusing
             | mess that doesn't serve anyone's best interests.
        
           | strainer wrote:
           | Everything is totally fine until it bites hard enough to beat
           | the marketing and legal campaigns run to promote and protect
           | it. "Totally fine" is simply the orthodox professional
           | position towards new potentially lucrative practices. Because
           | it is a burden on the career opportunities to those who think
           | otherwise.
           | 
           | Putting cattle remains in cattle feed was fine until CJD was
           | discovered, mass producing CFCs was fine until the chemisty
           | of the ozone damage was understood. More chemists assured
           | leaded petrol was fine and the few who complained were
           | attacked... this list is huge. Its totally fine to mass
           | produce plastics still. So to assure the generally well
           | informed about the safety and wisdom of a technological
           | proposition - you would need to be able to carry more detail
           | than just adding 'I am a related professional - this is fine'
        
             | scoopertrooper wrote:
             | This is a pretty poor form of argument. You can't just make
             | blanket statements like this without evidence.
             | 
             | What evidence do you have that our understanding of CRISPR
             | and genetic modification today is on par of our
             | understanding of CFCs and CJD in the 20th century?
             | 
             | It's like saying that we shouldn't release any new drugs
             | because of the thalidomide catastrophe.
        
               | strainer wrote:
               | I did _reply_ to a blanket statement based on a bare
               | claim of professional expertise - and with examples to
               | plentiful historical evidence of premature confidences in
               | technological understanding. There is no evidence that
               | this fallibility has not carried into this century.
               | 
               | My argument was not like saying "we should never do
               | anything like this because of past grave accidents in
               | comparable novel products and practices" It was to be
               | measured and wary of bare professional and institutional
               | assurances.
               | 
               | Regarding the characteristics of plants and animals that
               | we should feed to our children and mass rear in our
               | environment - I am of the mind that the characteristics
               | should be as well evidenced by the long history of life
               | as we can afford.
        
               | scoopertrooper wrote:
               | > premature confidences in technological understanding
               | 
               | CRISPR-Cas9 (the method used here) was first successfully
               | used seven years ago. According to the article, the meat
               | may go to market in two years pending a safety review. So
               | that's nine years from lab to table. How soon is too
               | soon? What makes you think doing it now would be
               | premature as opposed to ten years from now?
               | 
               | > It was to be measured and wary of bare professional and
               | institutional assurances.
               | 
               | From where would you like to get assurances? Do you have
               | to conduct the study yourself?
               | 
               | > Regarding the characteristics of plants and animals
               | that we should feed to our children and mass rear in our
               | environment - I am of the mind that the characteristics
               | should be as well evidenced by the long history of life
               | as we can afford.
               | 
               | That's all well and good till climate change reduces
               | arable land and we have to extract as much as we can from
               | the remainder.
        
               | epgui wrote:
               | > I am of the mind that [...]
               | 
               | Which is totally fine, but unfortunately that position is
               | neither informed by any specific evidence, nor informed
               | by a principled understanding of the technology in
               | question (which is where deferral to expertise can come
               | in handy).
               | 
               | You should note that there's a difference between an
               | appeal to authority fallacy, and deferral to expertise,
               | and while the former is fatal to any _logical argument_ ,
               | the latter is an entirely appropriate and useful
               | _heuristic_ :
               | https://thelogicofscience.com/2015/03/20/the-rules-of-
               | logic-...
        
             | Pigalowda wrote:
             | So he needs to provide proof but you don't? It's fine for
             | you to use a slippery slope argument and straw man combined
             | but he needs citations? Interesting.
        
             | epgui wrote:
             | I happen to be a biochemist by training (12 years of
             | postsecondary including cancer research for my MSc) who is
             | completely outside the field. I'm working as a software
             | engineer for non-bio-related companies. I have no intention
             | of going back to pipetting liquids around all day.
             | 
             | So yeah, for what it's worth, zero potential conflict of
             | interest whatsoever.
        
         | vanattab wrote:
         | I am not a big fan of idea of GMO beef ether, not because I
         | fear it will be dangerous but because I fear it will taste like
         | crap and be unhealthy for the cows. Today they will make the
         | cows hair shorter so they stay cooler for when they edit them
         | tomorrow to grow an extra couple of hundred pounds of rapidly
         | grown muscle.
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | > because I fear it will taste like crap
           | 
           | OTOH I can plausibility imagine engineering to improve
           | marbling for instance.
           | 
           | > and be unhealthy for the cows
           | 
           | Todays cows are already really unhealthy because of feedlots.
        
         | klondike_ wrote:
         | You don't provide any argument for why you dislike GMO food
         | here. What bothers you so much about GMO food?
         | 
         | The fact is that humans have been breeding plants and animals
         | to increase efficiency and palatability for thousands of years,
         | and GMO is the next technological step.
        
           | yucky wrote:
           | Do companies like Monsanto hold patents on their GMO products
           | and techniques?
           | 
           | Because trusting a company (like Monsanto for instance) to
           | play nice with their patents as it relates to our food supply
           | is a non-starter.
        
             | datavirtue wrote:
             | Large corporations across many industries have a history of
             | identifying the harm from their products, hiding the
             | studies, and then lobbying in the opposite direction of the
             | findings. In short, intentional criminal behavior, shielded
             | by regulators--who they control indirectly.
        
             | driverdan wrote:
             | The issue of patents is separate from the issue of GMO
             | technology.
        
               | yucky wrote:
               | Well the GMO technology gets patented, and patents are
               | routinely abused. That is unacceptable for our food
               | sources.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | If they go rogue with their patent portfolio, you're still
             | free to go back to non-GMO varieties, leaving you no worse
             | off than before.
        
               | jlokier wrote:
               | That might not apply to Monsanto.
               | 
               | Monsanto is infamous for contaminating non-GMO crops on
               | neighbour farms then suing the neighbour for growing the
               | GMO variety, and for "drift" of their special herbicide
               | which happens to destroy neighbour farm crops - for which
               | the only solution is, you guessed it, buy Monsanto GMO
               | varieties to grow instead of the non-GMO varieties you
               | wanted to grow.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >Monsanto is infamous for contaminating non-GMO crops on
               | neighbour farms then suing the neighbour for growing the
               | GMO variety, and for "drift" of their special herbicide
               | which happens to destroy neighbour farm crops - for which
               | the only solution is, you guessed it, buy Monsanto GMO
               | varieties to grow instead of the non-GMO varieties you
               | wanted to grow.
               | 
               | 1. in the context of this discussion (ie. GMO cows) this
               | is basically a non-issue. GMO sperm isn't going to
               | "drift" from one pasture to another.
               | 
               | 2. Can you substantiate that claim? The Wikipedia article
               | lists a bunch of cases where the farmers were
               | intentionally trying to breed monsanto seeds, which is
               | different than the narrative you presented, which imply
               | farmers being sued for accidental contamination.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monsanto_legal_cases#As_pla
               | int...
        
               | jlokier wrote:
               | On the first claim, looks like you're right and I learned
               | something. It is interesting to see the Canada Supreme
               | Court were split 5-4 on the Schmeiser decision and did
               | not award any damages to Monsanto, (but that doesn't mean
               | they believed the second year of crop growth was by
               | accidental contamination).
               | 
               | On the second claim, it's briefly described in Wikipedia 
               | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monsanto_legal_cases#Dicam
               | ba). The second claim isn't about GMO spreading directly,
               | but rather about how you may have no choice but to grow
               | the GMO variety (and pay for it, and lose revenue if you
               | were growing something more profitable) when in the
               | neighbourhood of other farms growing it, which has a
               | similar practical effect on individual farmers regarding
               | "you're still free to go back to non-GMO varieties".
               | 
               | Lengthier article here
               | (https://investigatemidwest.org/2020/12/04/buy-it-or-
               | else-ins...) "'Buy it or else': Inside Monsanto and
               | BASF's moves to force dicamba on farmers" [...] [...]
               | "His neighbors who spray dicamba are frustrated with him,
               | he said. There's an easy solution to avoid damage, they
               | tell him: Buy Monsanto's seeds" [...] "As the damage has
               | continued, he said, more and more of his clients are
               | "feeling bullied into" buying the dicamba-tolerant crops.
               | Others tell him, they have to spray dicamba or else they
               | can't control the weeds."
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >On the second claim, it's briefly described in Wikipedia
               | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monsanto_legal_cases#Dicam
               | ba). The second claim isn't about GMO spreading directly,
               | but rather about how you may have no choice but to grow
               | the GMO variety (and pay for it, and lose revenue if you
               | were growing something more profitable) when in the
               | neighbourhood of other farms growing it, which has a
               | similar practical effect on individual farmers regarding
               | "you're still free to go back to non-GMO varieties".
               | 
               | >Lengthier article here
               | (https://investigatemidwest.org/2020/12/04/buy-it-or-
               | else-ins...) "'Buy it or else': Inside Monsanto and
               | BASF's moves to force dicamba on farmers" [...] [...]
               | "His neighbors who spray dicamba are frustrated with him,
               | he said. There's an easy solution to avoid damage, they
               | tell him: Buy Monsanto's seeds" [...] "As the damage has
               | continued, he said, more and more of his clients are
               | "feeling bullied into" buying the dicamba-tolerant crops.
               | Others tell him, they have to spray dicamba or else they
               | can't control the weeds."
               | 
               | I agree that this situation is bad and monsanto was in
               | the wrong. However, I don't agree with the
               | characterization of this as a GMO problem. The problem as
               | I see it is that one party (the farmer spraying dicamba)
               | is harming another party (the farmer that's not using
               | monsanto seeds). In other words, a tort. This is
               | something that the legal system protects against, and the
               | article mentions that the injured farmer has won a
               | lawsuit, so it seems like everything's working as
               | intended. Blaming it on GMO doesn't really make sense. If
               | GMOs weren't involved, and the pesticides merely poisoned
               | the drinking water, that wouldn't magically make the
               | situation okay.
        
               | ticviking wrote:
               | Til the GMO bull gets into your heifer's pen, or onto
               | your land for a few days.
               | 
               | There used to be range wars over "strange breeds" much
               | less gene-edited breeds where I grew up, where the cows
               | still largely wander federal land and get rounded up
               | seasonally.
        
               | Taywee wrote:
               | You have been misled by Food Inc. I was as well. Reading
               | up on the case and finding out how disingenuous it was
               | really made me angry.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | kickout wrote:
             | They play about as nice as Microsoft and Google and other
             | big tech on protecting patents. Also, Monsanto was
             | purchased by Bayer (a German company).
        
           | foobiekr wrote:
           | Start by asking yourself how humans have established that a
           | given food, genetically engineered or not, is long-term safe?
        
             | taneq wrote:
             | We're pretty terrible at it, honestly. Look at half the
             | crap we eat currently, I wouldn't describe much of it as
             | "long-term safe."
        
               | foobiekr wrote:
               | Yes. So we need to be careful about making it worse.
        
             | deschutes wrote:
             | Ok. Show me something that would be a food but for "delayed
             | bad things". Like, delayed by decades or even years. Just
             | so we're clear, nutritional deficiencies aren't of any
             | interest.
             | 
             | As far as I'm aware this angle is FUD.
             | 
             | If we want to apply the same standard to pesticides I'm not
             | sure any high ground exists. That said, whatever effect
             | they have on mortality appears to be miniscule given the
             | trends over the last century.
        
               | foobiekr wrote:
               | Transfats fit this perfectly.
        
           | colordrops wrote:
           | The genetic changes you get with direct gene manipulation are
           | qualitatively different from those that arise through
           | artificial selection. You won't get fish or tobacco genes in
           | a cow from selectivd breeding. To constantly repeat this
           | trope and claim that they are the same is intellectually
           | dishonest.
        
           | baremetal wrote:
           | unintended consequences are what i dont like about GMO food
        
           | mping wrote:
           | Unknown unknowns
        
             | kleene_op wrote:
             | There will always be unknown unknowns, whatever the subject
             | at hand. This is not specific to GMOs and certainly not a
             | good argument against them.
        
             | Timwi wrote:
             | Why are you not worried about the unknown unknowns in
             | literally any other area? Like, using microwave ovens,
             | having TV broadcast signals, or wearing silk?
             | 
             | Personally I'm reasonably confident that any significant
             | adverse health effect would have been found by experiments
             | by now, so Bayesian reasoning tells me any unknowns that
             | are still unknown are probably negligible.
        
               | aaaaaaaaata wrote:
               | What if they are?
        
             | notafraudster wrote:
             | What is the epistemological framework you use to identify
             | possible sources of unknown unknowns and bound their harms?
             | In the absence of any framework you basically have a sort
             | of nihilistic solipsism.
        
               | BurningFrog wrote:
               | We apply "Unknown unknowns", the Precautionary Principle,
               | etc, to things we don't like.
               | 
               | These principles then provide the wise sounding argument
               | that our Motivated Reasoning brain center needed.
        
               | mping wrote:
               | Good question. There is no way to bound the possible
               | harm, but I'd there are solid alternatives then it
               | becomes less desirable. A good example of this is the
               | covid vaccine: this time, the risk of unknown vaccine
               | complications is worth it.
               | 
               | As an aside, I admire the HN crowd reasoning capacity,
               | but it always amazes me that almost no one is upfront and
               | say we as a society love the taste of beef and are
               | willing to risk environmental and possibly health issues
               | for it. It would be a much more productive discussion if
               | we were honest about it instead of discussing whether we
               | need bigger cows.
        
               | rocqua wrote:
               | I think the most widely accepted framework here suffices.
               | The emperical framework.
               | 
               | Cross breeding occurs slowly and is a long-used process.
               | The long-used means there is ample evidence suggesting
               | cross-breeding results in safe food.
               | 
               | The fact that cross breeding happens slowly gives any
               | safety issues a long time to reveal themselves before it
               | becomes wide-spread. Thus it makes sense that cross-
               | breeding yields fewer unkown issues by the time its
               | widespread. Essentially, early warning are built in, even
               | for latent issues.
        
               | datavirtue wrote:
               | And you have blind trust.
        
             | Tenoke wrote:
             | There's always unknown unknowns and by now those have been
             | reduced significantly for GMOs. Any reason to think the
             | risk in this case might be higher than the benefits? Are
             | you sure you are not overestimating the unknown unknown
             | risk just because GMO sounds scary?
        
               | rocqua wrote:
               | Unknown unkowns are much more dangerous in any
               | revolutionary change. Because previous experience is much
               | less useful in a revolutionary change.
               | 
               | GMO, with its large increase in potential interventions,
               | is quite revolutionary.
        
           | Eduard wrote:
           | You don't provide any argument for why you like GMO food
           | here. What bothers you so much about food?
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | 1. Just because he's anti-anti-GMO, doesn't mean he views
             | conventional foods with disgust and buys GMO whenever he
             | can
             | 
             | 2. The benefits are clear: GMO foods are more cost
             | effective, hence why farmers choose them over conventional
        
               | cesaref wrote:
               | On your second point, you are basically saying 'more
               | profit' is the reason that farmers are choosing them. I
               | personally am not interested in farmer profit when
               | choosing what to eat.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >I personally am not interested in farmer profit when
               | choosing what to eat.
               | 
               | That's fine. You're free to buy the conventional version
               | if that's the case. However, market pressures will likely
               | bring down the price, which mean some of the
               | profit/savings are passed onto you.
        
           | simulate-me wrote:
           | GMO, as a technique, is not inherently bad. However, one
           | common use case is to create pesticide resistant plants,
           | which allows for higher pesticide usage, especially as
           | resistance develops to the pesticide increases: https://enveu
           | rope.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/2190-471...
           | 
           | Basically, if you're fine with your kids ingesting higher
           | levels of pesticides, then go for it!
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | Pesticide resistance plants mean a lot less CO2.is.emitted
             | running plows through the earth. Soil that doesn't get
             | disturbed with all those plows also holds absorbed CO2
             | better. While it is more chemical used, they generally
             | harmless.
             | 
             | Your position is a major environmental disaster.
        
               | nicoburns wrote:
               | While it's important, CO2 isn't everything. The use of
               | pesticides (and monocrops) leads to dramatic loss of
               | biodiversity, and that is an environmental disaster.
        
               | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
               | Are you seriously arguing for _more_ use of pesticides on
               | the plants that become our food? Maybe I misunderstand?
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | This topic is complex and multi-variate. Focusing only on
               | one (whether that's CO2 or pesticide usage) is not going
               | to lead to generally productive debate.
               | 
               | We might both agree that pesticide usage alone should
               | have a negative coefficient on whatever global fitness
               | function we consider, but that a usage of zero pesticide
               | is still sub-optimal.
        
               | datavirtue wrote:
               | I lived in a farming community most of my life and I
               | haven't seen a plow dragged behind a tractor in over
               | thirty years. No idea what you are talking about.
               | Everyone is doing no-till, which includes dumping shit
               | tons of nasty chemicals (created and shipped at great CO2
               | costs) all over the land and in the air. Living next to
               | these fields, you experience allergies, sinus problems,
               | watery eyes and other random problems depending on the
               | person. Even harvest season is torture--from the dust
               | alone. Anyone living next to a farm or eating the crops
               | coming out of them is investing harsh chemicals. Half the
               | things we do in the US are banned throughout the world.
               | It results in greater yield for sure, but not without
               | cost.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Nobody has used a plow in 30 years because they are such
               | an environmental disaster. Chemicals are the answer. Some
               | CO2 is used for chemicals, but not nearly as much as a
               | plow would use, and that is before we look at the other
               | disasters of the plow.
               | 
               | Dust from harvest causes allergies, but don't blame it on
               | chemicals. Well other than everything is a chemical.
        
               | ifyoubuildit wrote:
               | This is probably something I can google, but could you
               | point me to some info about why the plow is a disaster?
               | It seems like one of those things that made it possible
               | for a huge increase in the number of people not starving
               | before it became a disaster.
               | 
               | I imagine it has something to do with erosion, but I'd
               | like to know more, and you seem to have a position on the
               | topic.
        
               | nickstinemates wrote:
               | Tilling effectively kills the soil and micro organisms in
               | the soil over a long period of time. It takes a lot of
               | work and time to add life back into dead soil on historic
               | farms where tilling was commonly used.
        
               | tastyfreeze wrote:
               | The amount of pesticide and herbicide used of crops is an
               | environmental disaster on it's own. There is mounting
               | evidence that glyphosate is responsible for increases in
               | cancer and birth defects, lower fertility rates, and is
               | implicated as a likely partial cause for celiac disease.
        
             | prepend wrote:
             | What about plants with insect genes to make them resistant
             | to pests and thus require less pesticide? It seems like you
             | are against specific applications of GM where we should be
             | using it to reduce the presence of harmful things a we
             | don't want our kids eating.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | ekianjo wrote:
         | > Even if it could theoretically occur through a natural
         | breeding process. You can cross breed all you want.
         | 
         | I'm no fan of GMO products either, but the whole point is that
         | it gets you there faster , and in a more predictable way, than
         | doing cross-breeding. Economics at work.
        
       | danielovichdk wrote:
       | Address the real problem. We are too many people on the earth for
       | the resources that we are naturally given.
       | 
       | That's a fact.
        
         | lonk wrote:
         | Resorces are enough for all of us. But money is not. Money is
         | collecting in the rich people's pocket. This is the real
         | problem.
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | Just money? What about the resources themselves? Putin is
           | wealthy because he has exclusive access to them.
        
           | ben_w wrote:
           | On a national scale, sure.
           | 
           | Worldwide (which is more relevant here), the absolute poorest
           | of the poor, the people that would look up enviously to the
           | accumulated wealth of a rough-sleeping westerner with a
           | shopping trolley, are getting richer.
        
         | betwixthewires wrote:
         | No it's not.
        
         | histriosum wrote:
         | Even if we were to accept that fact as stated (I don't, but
         | let's assume we do..)
         | 
         | What are you proposing, exactly? It sounds like "address the
         | real problem" here means you are suggesting killing people off.
         | That definitely doesn't seem like a good answer.
         | 
         | China tried the one child policy, and it didn't turn out very
         | well. The second order effects were pretty awful, and will be
         | felt for generations.
         | 
         | What would you suggest the path forward to less population is?
        
           | danielovichdk wrote:
           | Based on how we exploit our resources and the amount of
           | people that are wealthy enough to live a good-standard life,
           | we are definitely too many people on earth.
           | 
           | Of course I don't suggest killing people, why would you even
           | suggest such a thing ?
           | 
           | I suggest people start to educate themselves and eachother.
           | Instead of having kids, adopt. Instead of eating meat 5 days
           | a week, eat it twice. Start using a bike and not a car.
           | 
           | But people don't think about the consequences for the next
           | generations, and "we are empowered to have our own kids etc".
           | People really don't give a fuck about the state of the world
           | as long as they can get what they believe they are entitled
           | to through life. And that's a problem.
           | 
           | Start accepting that and start accepting the how exploit what
           | we have dear and have been given as being part of the world.
           | 
           | We are way too many people for all of us to live decent
           | life's.
        
             | yywwbbn wrote:
             | Having less/very few children would be an awful if we care
             | about the next generation. You'd end up with much larger
             | proportion of older people in the total population. This
             | would result in a massively increase in per capita
             | healthcare expenditures and a decrease in productivity. And
             | guess who is going to pay for all that?
        
             | phendrenad2 wrote:
             | I think you're right about the outcome, but unfortunately I
             | think it's inevitable. The increasing population allows the
             | government to print money now, knowing that future tax
             | revenue will make up for it. It's a source of power that
             | doesn't easily go away. Any attempt to resist population
             | growth, such as by paying people to NOT have children,
             | would go against the entire pyramid scheme.
        
             | kmlx wrote:
             | > Based on how we exploit our resources and the amount of
             | people that are wealthy enough to live a good-standard
             | life, we are definitely too many people on earth.
             | 
             | hi. you would be surprised to find out this is a myth that
             | started in the 70s. it has been disproven time after time,
             | decade after decade. and still people fall for it :)
        
         | imtringued wrote:
         | Too many people to live a modern western standard of living.
         | 
         | I'm sure there is a compromise between vegetarianism and being
         | a full on carnivore. e.g. a global middle class that doesn't
         | suck.
        
         | ekianjo wrote:
         | > We are too many people on the earth for the resources that we
         | are naturally given.
         | 
         | The same old rant that we hear for like 100 years now "when we
         | reach 1 billion people everyone will starve", "peak oil is just
         | around the corner (back in the 70s)", and all this kind of
         | bullshit.
         | 
         | Resources are plentiful as long as you are ingenious when it
         | comes to harvesting them.
        
           | pixiemaster wrote:
           | exactly. the Stone Age didn't end because they ran out of
           | stones.
        
           | fnord77 wrote:
           | like nuclear fusion, peak oil is perpetually 10-15 years away
        
             | ben_w wrote:
             | American oil peaked and then declined almost exactly as
             | expected, and only saw a second growth phase when a new
             | category of resources became exploitable.
             | 
             | IMO, given the scale of everything in the USA, it's more
             | luck than anything else that the world is getting
             | sufficiently cheap renewables and batteries on the right
             | schedule to avoid peak oil actually harming civilisation in
             | general and the USA catastrophically -- the principle is a
             | valid one, and in a hypothetical alternative world where
             | global reserves had been half what they were, American
             | rural areas would have had a much harder time than European
             | equivalents adapting to electric power and long distance
             | transport in the 70s.
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | >In the meantime, approximately 793 million people are
           | starving around the world, according to the U.N. That makes
           | up about 11 percent of the population.
           | 
           | https://borgenproject.org/how-many-people-are-starving-
           | aroun...
           | 
           | It's true isn't it?
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | > Resources are plentiful as long as you are ingenious when
           | it comes to harvesting them.
           | 
           | Resources are also plentiful until they're not. The idea that
           | people have been saying that resources are running out for a
           | long time is not evidence that they are infinite.
           | 
           | You'd have to be quite ingenious to maintain the fossil fuel
           | supply indefinitely through your harvesting tactics, unless
           | the tactic you use is to slow to a stop.
        
           | danielovichdk wrote:
           | Who is polluting the world ?
           | 
           | Why are we breeding cattle which has modified genes for not
           | sweating ?
           | 
           | You say resources are plentiful but apploud (?) modified
           | cattle so they don't sweat, so they don't pollute and so we
           | all can keep eating meat. You really don't see a flaw in that
           | ?
           | 
           | Of course we are too many people. Denying that is really
           | naive.
        
             | ben_w wrote:
             | The number of humans that can live on this planet
             | simultaneously is a function of technology.
             | 
             | If we all lived like hunters and gatherers, the population
             | limit would be a mere few tens of millions.
             | 
             | Conversely, if we imagine arbitrary technology, the maximum
             | population that can live simultaneously and sustainably on
             | this world is somewhere in the trillions.
             | 
             | Technology such as the stuff you're trying to use as
             | evidence there's too many of us, is in fact the technology
             | that allows there to be more of us.
        
               | nicoburns wrote:
               | It's also a function of the finite resources available to
               | us. You also need to factor in that we don't have
               | arbitrary technology and never will. There will always be
               | limits to our technology. I think the gist of the GP
               | argument is something like:
               | 
               | Our use of technology is using increasing amounts of our
               | planets resources (e.g. land), and is often questionably
               | ethical (exploiting the other creatures we share our
               | planet with). At which point you have to ask the
               | question: is an expanded human population worth that
               | cost?
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Sure, and if I'm talking to someone who claims e.g. the
               | economy can grow forever I'd make a similar point myself.
               | 
               | But we don't have trillions of people yet, and the
               | difficulty of supporting the current population
               | sustainably is more one of organisation than
               | technological inability -- much closer to irrigating and
               | enclosing in greenhouses Nevada, Utah, and Arizona [0]
               | than it is to colonising Mars. (I'm told greenhouses are
               | way more productive than open air farms, just not cost
               | effective in most cases; the example given by proponents
               | is the Netherlands).
               | 
               | > is an expanded human population worth that cost?
               | 
               | To whom? I'm vegetarian and pushing myself in the
               | direction of veganism, partly because of ethics. Ethics
               | are however are relative, and many humans only care about
               | other humans. Heck, given that the nature of the rich
               | inner world often called "self-awareness" or
               | "consciousness" is not yet sufficiently well defined to
               | even be testable, such people may even be correct. I'm
               | not even sure at what threshold to stop caring myself --
               | lobster brains aren't very complex, and bivalves (despite
               | being animals) don't even have brains:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bivalvia#Nervous_system
               | 
               | [0] for illustration purposes only; this is almost
               | certainly a suboptimal set of locations.
        
             | yywwbbn wrote:
             | And yet another the average person living in any developed
             | country (also to a lesser but still significant degree in
             | all of countries) is much better off, in almost every
             | conceivable way, than his ancestors were when the total
             | world population was only a few hundred million people.
             | 
             | If you're primary concern is the welfare of humans (not
             | saying it should be) rather than wildlife and natural
             | ecosystems there almost no evidence which would suggest
             | that an increase in global population results in a lower
             | QoL for an average person.
        
       | kotxig wrote:
       | It's good for climate change because it will gross enough of us
       | out to stop eating meat all together.
        
       | AndyMcConachie wrote:
       | 0) Raise cattle
       | 
       | 1) Earth gets warmer because we do shit like raise cattle
       | 
       | 2) Cattle might die
       | 
       | 3) Bio-engineer cattle that can live on warmer earth
       | 
       | 4) ???
       | 
       | 5) Get fucked
        
         | spicymaki wrote:
         | Perhaps we can bio-engineer humans to be humane. I would back
         | that research.
        
       | mgerdts wrote:
       | I first thought "oh great more GMOs to maximize corporate profits
       | while making animals miserable. Then my hopes rose with this:
       | 
       | > They were bred with climate change in mind
       | 
       | So they've found a way to have happy cows that burp less methane?
       | 
       | No? Shorter hair so their methane burb greenhouse doesn't feel so
       | hot? Oh. This probably just boils down to profits after all.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | lonk wrote:
         | I wonder which one effectfull to climate change, people's total
         | farts vs the total farts of cows in the world?
        
           | karmakurtisaani wrote:
           | Cows by a wide margin, probably. And it's mainly their burps,
           | actually.
        
             | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
             | Everyone forgets the missing methane output from the nearly
             | extirpated bison population. Cattle in north america are
             | only slightly more numerous than the peak bison population.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | I wasn't expecting to ask this when I woke up this
               | morning but: how much methane did bison burp relative to
               | the same biomass of modern cattle?
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | Probably less because we are feeding the cheapest source
               | of feed to cows, not what they can digest the best. The
               | food that your body fails to digest will be digested in
               | the big intestine which can lead to bloating.
        
               | mgerdts wrote:
               | > A number of past studies have found lower greenhouse
               | gas emissions associated with the feedlot system. One
               | reason is that grass-fed cows gain weight more slowly, so
               | they produce more methane (mostly in the form of belches)
               | over their longer lifespans.
               | 
               | https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/08/13/746576239
               | /is...
        
           | koonsolo wrote:
           | 36% of all mammals today are humans 60% are livestock
           | 
           | So I guess you have the answer
        
       | tormock wrote:
       | They will get more sun burns... at least I do when I shave my
       | head.
       | 
       | They are probably doing this because the hair are a nuisance when
       | they process the skins?
        
         | thebricksta wrote:
         | The optimist in me hopes this really is a quality of life
         | improvement for the cattle. The pessimist in me fears this a
         | way to begin patenting livestock.
        
           | x3c wrote:
           | Being out in the sun itself would be a huge step up in
           | quality of life of cattle. Doubt free range cows represent a
           | majority.
        
             | tormock wrote:
             | Either way, 1/2" long hair probably isn't a big overheating
             | factor
        
       | lonk wrote:
       | If meat is designed and/or produced at lab, it is not meat. It is
       | cancer. Do not eat cancer.
        
         | ben_w wrote:
         | The first two sentences are so badly wrong I don't even know
         | which thread to pull on to unravel your thought processes. (I
         | can't speak for the third).
         | 
         | Do you believe that "natural" is tautologically equivalent to
         | "good"?
        
         | ls15 wrote:
         | Are cancerous cells unhealthy to eat?
        
           | ben_w wrote:
           | I don't know, but I do know some tumours are transmissible
           | (even interspecies) so I wouldn't want to rule it out:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clonally_transmissible_cancer
           | 
           | I expect thorough cooking to prevent this sort of thing, but
           | some people do eat raw flesh deliberately.
        
       | futuretom2055 wrote:
       | judging from the article right above this one, soon we will see
       | 
       | "Lawmakers Eats CRISPR Beef to Celebrate Legality, Become
       | Immediately Sick (2055) (modernfarmer.com)"
        
         | Thorrez wrote:
         | Why 2055? Isn't it legal right now?
        
           | DocTomoe wrote:
           | It will take some time for the public to take notice and
           | create a meaningful movement against that thing. For nuclear,
           | it took about 35 years before we saw public protest that was
           | more than just three potentially mentally unstable folks
           | raving about the end of the world.
        
             | zaroth wrote:
             | The nuke protests just managed to line Russia's pockets
             | with German treasure and lead to more coal deaths, so
             | perhaps it's an apt comparison, but not the one you're
             | looking for.
        
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