[HN Gopher] Apple acquires UK open banking startup Credit Kudos
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Apple acquires UK open banking startup Credit Kudos
        
       Author : rmesters
       Score  : 158 points
       Date   : 2022-03-23 13:29 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (ffnews.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (ffnews.com)
        
       | spratzt wrote:
       | If I were a UK retail bank, I'd be deeply nervous.!!!
        
         | ricardo81 wrote:
         | Perhaps Apple could buy the lot for cash at their current
         | market cap.
        
           | spratzt wrote:
           | I'm sure they could, but why bother?
           | 
           | They don't need the very obsolete technology, obsolete
           | business processes and obsolete management mentality of most
           | existing banks. Much better to start with a greenfield site
           | and acquire customers from there.
           | 
           | Many people would drop their existing bank in a heartbeat if
           | there were a viable modern alternative. Apple is in a perfect
           | position to capitalize on this widespread dissatisfaction.
        
             | ricardo81 wrote:
             | Indeed. Just thought that they could potentially do that as
             | telling.
        
             | fumblebee wrote:
             | Depends if you're talking about neo-banks (Revolut, Monzo,
             | Starling, etc.) or the high-street banks (Barclays, HSBC,
             | Lloyds, etc.).
             | 
             | Some of the neo-banks (less so, Revolut) would be a
             | rounding error in Apple's market cap valuation. Relatively
             | "cheap" for Apple, more feature rich than American
             | alternatives, and for good measure wouldn't bring with them
             | the legacy issues you mentioned that are associated with
             | the dinosaur institutions.
        
         | tobylane wrote:
         | When HSBC bought the Midland Bank, the UK government required
         | HSBC to legally relocate here. The current cabinet are craven,
         | but I expect they'd still require this, a deal breaker for
         | Apple.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midland_Bank
        
         | deadfish wrote:
         | If I were them I would be more concerned by Revolut, Monzo,
         | Starling and Atom than Apple.
        
       | Angostura wrote:
       | I wonder if this means we will finally get Apple Cash up and
       | running in the UK
        
       | davb wrote:
       | Unfortunately it seems that the biggest application of open
       | banking (beyond "see all of your accounts in one app") are these
       | type of credit risk analysis products with opaque (to the
       | individual) algorithms responsible for informing decisions that
       | have a potentially massive impact on a person's life. To apply
       | for credit (such as a mortgage) you're required to connect your
       | bank account to these services via Open Banking, allow them to
       | extract all of your transaction data and trust that they make
       | reasonable, unbiased and fair recommendations based on that data.
       | 
       | While I understand that high value lenders (e.g. mortgage
       | providers) made similar assessments based on submitted paper bank
       | statements, the massive proliferation of these services using
       | Open Banking (or worse, screen scraping after requesting your
       | account credentials) is concerning. Especially in cases where
       | they use difficult to reason about AI/ML algorithms. The volume
       | of data that can be gathered far exceeds the n-months bank
       | statements typically requested by a mortgage lender, and it seems
       | that most lenders use third parties like Credit Kudos rather than
       | doing the same risk analysis in-house. Generally speaking, I
       | don't trust them and their networks of partners and contractors
       | to keep my data secure.
       | 
       | And it looks like it's becoming increasingly difficult to avoid
       | these services when applying for a mortgage.
        
         | Nextgrid wrote:
         | Agreed.
         | 
         | I already dislike the requirement of submitting to a credit
         | check for services that aren't _lending_ (and thus don 't have
         | to comply with finance-related regulations), have a fixed cost
         | and can be trivially cut-off in case of non-payment such as
         | internet or telephone service. Sadly, this battle has already
         | been lost and the practice has been normalized; most people
         | don't bat an eye and in monopolized industries they don't have
         | a choice anyway.
         | 
         | Open Banking making this even easier is not a good thing as it
         | just means more and more companies will now be doing this, with
         | the inevitable overreaching data collection that follows.
         | 
         | At least with a credit check, all the information they get is
         | identity verification and a very high-level overview of any
         | credit accounts you have open and whether they're in good
         | standing.
         | 
         | With Open Banking, they get a full account history, including
         | detailed timestamps and locations for card purchases (if the
         | bank supports it - modern banks do, and it's just a matter of
         | time before legacy banks catch up). That's a lot of personal
         | data which can be misused for discrimination, price
         | segmentation, etc with very little oversight.
        
           | derefr wrote:
           | > services that aren't lending ... such as ... telephone
           | service
           | 
           | I'm in Canada, not the UK, but the last time I had a post-
           | paid plan with a cellular ISP (~2015), they actually
           | structured it in the contract as some type of revolving
           | credit instrument, where your "credit limit" is the maximum
           | outstanding invoice amount you can have before they cut your
           | service off. Like any credit card, this actually involves the
           | cellular company -- as underwriter of the loan -- locking up
           | some of their own assets for each customer account,
           | commensurate to said credit limit. That small amount of extra
           | revolving credit showed up on my credit report!
           | 
           | My understanding is that they do this because, much like a
           | credit card, cellular accounts can actually generate non-
           | predictable-to-the-underwriter charges. Long-distance (esp.
           | 900) peerage fees, instantaneous charges from SMS short-
           | codes, and purchases through SIM Toolkit "apps", can all bill
           | a cellular account directly; with the latter two classes of
           | fees not being settled after the fact, but rather settled
           | immediately (so the relevant merchant can receive their cut),
           | with the cellular ISP temporarily footing the bill for them
           | until you pay.
        
           | mijoharas wrote:
           | Wait... It's been a long time since I got a new phone or
           | internet contract, do they require a credit check now? In the
           | UK too?
           | 
           | How long has this been a thing?
        
             | Tsiklon wrote:
             | In the UK I think for at least a decade. I think I can
             | remember submitting to a credit check for a mobile phone
             | contract in 2012, and certainly again when I changed
             | provider in 2015
        
               | midasuni wrote:
               | Is it an actual credit check, or used as a proxy for an
               | identification check?
        
               | Tsiklon wrote:
               | Last year I took out a new line with a EE and from
               | looking at Experian it was a hard pull by them and a soft
               | pull by Lexis Nexis for identification.
               | 
               | I don't have my records from 2015 to recall if it was
               | hard or soft.
        
               | mijoharas wrote:
               | Hmmm... I probably changed provider within that timeframe
               | so maybe I just don't remember.
               | 
               | Thanks for the info!
        
           | 8ytecoder wrote:
           | This was one of the biggest shocks for me. Other places you
           | can pay a deposit (approx one month bill) in advance and
           | they'll cut you off if you go over it. No credit check
           | required.
        
             | _jal wrote:
             | Last time I moved between states, I asked and was able to
             | pay a deposit to avoid the credit check. I randomly got it
             | refunded several years later after I'd forgotten about it.
             | 
             | Of course that was over a decade ago. And if this data
             | becomes another revenue stream, of course that won't be an
             | option.
        
         | missedthecue wrote:
         | What makes you trust your current bank or credit union to keep
         | your data secure that doesn't make you trust these open banks
         | from keeping your data secure?
        
           | martimarkov wrote:
           | At the very least it's one provider who has my data. When
           | there are 5 different providers - it increases the attack
           | service of my data.
        
           | davb wrote:
           | I don't particularly trust my bank, but I do try to minimise
           | (as much as possible) the number of organisations with which
           | I share my transaction data.
           | 
           | It's probably worth clarifying that there are no institutions
           | that would be categorised as "open banks"; Open Banking [0]
           | is an umbrella term for a set of technologies (primarily
           | APIs), regulatory frameworks and standards which allow easier
           | integration between businesses in the financial services
           | industry. The bar for getting access to those APIs is high
           | enough that it would generally exclude customers who'd like
           | to query their own accounts from their own software, but not
           | so high to stop the proliferation of startups keen to
           | monetise and analyse customer transation data. For the most
           | part, in the UK you can't just ask your bank for an API key
           | and use it to pull transaction data from your own account but
           | your mortgage lender can require you to share that data with
           | a third party as a condition of extending a line of credit.
           | 
           | I believe this is how Experian Boost works in the UK; you can
           | "boost" your Experian credit score by linking your bank
           | account via open banking and allowing them to analyse your
           | transaction history. However you would need to read (and
           | fully understand the breadth of) their privacy policies and
           | terms and conditions to understand how your transaction data
           | is used (and how it may be used in the future).
           | 
           | One of my primary concerns is around data being shared on,
           | and on, and on. Regulation helps a little, but I'm afraid
           | that we'll end up in a similar situation as we have with
           | other types of data online (analytics, advertisement
           | targeting and telemetry) where you may opt out of certain
           | types of data collection but find that next tab on the opt-
           | out dialog lists hundreds of partner organisations with a
           | "legitimate interest" in your data. And with financial
           | services, it's even more sensitive - it would be disastrous
           | if people were excluded from applying for a mortgage because
           | they refused to share incredibly detailed transaction history
           | with a third party credit risk firm. And worse still if, upon
           | sharing that data, they were denied a mortgage because
           | placing an occasional bet online, subscribing to an OnlyFans
           | creator, spending thousands at the Apple store and trading
           | some disposable income on eToro fit a pattern that a black
           | box algorithm deemed high risk.
           | 
           | It would be better to have credit decisions not rely on such
           | invasive analysis of personal data.
           | 
           | [0] https://www.openbanking.org.uk/
        
         | madeofpalk wrote:
         | > are these type of credit risk analysis products with opaque
         | (to the individual) algorithms responsible for informing
         | decisions that have a potentially massive impact on a person's
         | life.
         | 
         | I once used this for a personal home rental application, and it
         | automatically slurped in all my _business_ incoming invoice
         | payments and based on that was like  "Yeah you can afford lots
         | of rent!"
        
         | reaperducer wrote:
         | _And it looks like it 's becoming increasingly difficult to
         | avoid these services when applying for a mortgage._
         | 
         | Chase is guilty of this.
         | 
         | I went to a Chase branch a few years ago to ask about a
         | mortgage. The banker put my SSN into the computer, and told me
         | the computer said no. No questions about my income, no request
         | for financial statements or account balances, or anything. Just
         | that the computer said not to bother continuing the process.
         | 
         | I asked my accountant about this, and she said it was because
         | of the way my income was structured, and that the computer
         | "pre-approval" process has no way of understanding most of my
         | six-figure income because my life isn't so simple that I can
         | use a plain old 1040-EZ.
         | 
         | I'm sure that some banking middle manager sees these "AI"
         | systems as wonderful things that reduce risk, or cut expenses
         | because human beings are no longer needed to make decisions.
         | But they hurt real people and contribute to the ongoing housing
         | crisis. But, hey, as long as some MBA can use his budget-
         | trimming bonus to buy a second boat, that's all that matters.
        
         | throwra620 wrote:
        
         | throwntoday wrote:
         | Apple have offered the best credit card experience I have had
         | the pleasure of. I cannot recommend them enough. Being able to
         | text support alone is enough of a draw for me. I've closed most
         | my other accounts at this point besides my travel card.
        
         | kwhitefoot wrote:
         | > screen scraping after requesting your account credentials
         | 
         | Sounds very odd. Handing your log in credentials to anyone is
         | against the rules not to mention common sense. Even the bank
         | itself will never ask for that. My bank's website has warnings
         | about this right on the front page.
        
           | rmesters wrote:
           | Unfortunately, this is still common in Europe:
           | https://sifted.eu/articles/open-banking-finance-battle/
           | 
           | In U.S. most "open banking" is still done via asking people
           | to share their banking passwords.
        
           | vishnugupta wrote:
           | While it is indeed odd companies are making fortune out of
           | this. Plaid is a recent example which was in news for failed
           | acquisition by Visa (shot down by DoJ no less[1]). Yodlee is
           | another old timer company. Why do regulators not go after
           | such companies is beyond me.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-sues-
           | block...
        
           | creeble wrote:
           | Good previous discussion a year ago on HN:
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28389576
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | hbrav wrote:
         | At least in the US, the Fair Lending Act imposes an
         | explainability requirement on credit-granting decisions. If the
         | UK has a similar act (I'd be surprised if it doesnty) I'd
         | expect there to be some interesting challenges over this in the
         | near future.
        
         | amaccuish wrote:
         | I understand, but Open Banking has been wonderful. My main
         | German bank has a crap app, but I can use the excellent one
         | from the Sparkasse to access my DKB account, which has made
         | life far easier. Plus all my accounts are in the same app.
         | 
         | I guess it's a two-edged sword.
        
         | rmesters wrote:
         | Open banking (the actual regulated type in UK and EU) replaces
         | (1) the need to rely solely on credit bureau data to understand
         | someone's creditworthiness, which is often faulty or incomplete
         | (2) the need to share paper/PDF bank statements (3) the need to
         | share banking credentials with tech companies that do "open
         | banking powered by screen scraping".
         | 
         | Because open banking is regulated, consumers now have a layer
         | of protection that they didn't have before. And more people can
         | prove their actual creditworthiness (as opposed to whatever
         | credit bureaus think their creditworthiness is).
         | 
         | Full disclosure: I'm a cofounder of Nordigen, a freemium open
         | banking platform. Views biased.
        
           | nerdawson wrote:
           | I'd be open to sharing banking data this way if there were
           | strict controls at the user level. E.g. share the previous 3
           | months, 6 months, and so on. Also a way to ensure that it's
           | one time only and not a continuous monitoring type situation.
           | 
           | If that were the case, it'd be a more convenient alternative
           | to sharing statements as opposed to a massive violation of
           | privacy.
        
             | mijoharas wrote:
             | > Also a way to ensure that it's one time only and not a
             | continuous monitoring type situation.
             | 
             | Not quite what you're asking for but access does need to be
             | regranted every 3 months.
        
           | Nextgrid wrote:
           | Open Banking regulation has very little impact on how the
           | collected data will then be used.
           | 
           | A separate regulation - the GDPR - would cover that but
           | raising a complaint is very difficult and a complaint would
           | involve the subject being aware of their data being misused;
           | you can't complain about something you don't see.
           | 
           | My worry about Open Banking is that it makes it much easier
           | for companies to collect a lot more data and would normalize
           | the practice even more.
           | 
           | Currently there's already no reason for a credit check to be
           | required for a lot of services such as internet or phone
           | service (those aren't lending any money and can cut off the
           | service in case of non-payment), but at least a credit check
           | gives them very little personal data compared to Open Banking
           | - I'd rather not have to give them _even more_ data.
        
             | emteycz wrote:
             | The best (and the only working) way of data protection is
             | to never send the data. GDPR is a crude hack compared to
             | that.
        
           | reedjosh wrote:
           | > Because open banking is regulated, consumers now have a
           | layer of protection
           | 
           | I'm sick of regulated solutions and generally moving toward
           | more governmental reliance.
           | 
           | I wouldn't need a student loan or a mortgage if the
           | government wouldn't cause inflation and back loans for every
           | milestone of adulthood.
           | 
           | College and homes used to just be affordable. Everytime we
           | bring in governmental assistance and regulation, we all just
           | lose--well, not the players in the regulated and
           | Frankensteined market, but normal people all just lose.
        
             | toiletfuneral wrote:
        
             | mattmanser wrote:
             | There's a certain irony (and ignorance) to this comment
             | when you consider that house prices in the UK only started
             | spiralling when councils were forbidden from building new
             | social housing by Thatcher.
             | 
             | Previously 'governmental assistance' of council house
             | building was the major house builder in the UK.
        
               | reedjosh wrote:
               | I won't deny my ignorance regarding the UK housing
               | market. Here in the US, housing prices are clearly
               | inflated by Fanny/Freddy and artificially low mortgage
               | interest rates.
               | 
               | https://www.fhfa.gov/about-fannie-mae-freddie-mac
               | 
               | > Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac were created by Congress.
               | They perform an important role in the nation's housing
               | finance system - to provide liquidity, stability and
               | affordability to the mortgage market. They provide
               | liquidity (ready access to funds on reasonable terms) to
               | the thousands of banks, savings and loans, and mortgage
               | companies that make loans to finance housing.
        
         | solaxun wrote:
         | I understand your concerns, but the alternative (at least in
         | the U.S.) of credit agencies are absolutely abysmal. Despite
         | the privacy concerns it's difficult for me to imagine more data
         | not improving the current state.
         | 
         | For 10 years I had to fight one of the 3 major U.S. credit
         | bureaus to get them to remove a bankruptcy that was showing on
         | my report because a relative with the same name happened to
         | have a bankruptcy in their past. Think about how incredibly
         | stupid that is - I was 18 at the time, so according to this
         | report I started a business at 12 and filed Chapter 11 at 16. I
         | had a different social security number, address, and DOB that
         | should have made things painfully obvious, yet still the burden
         | of proof was on me to show why this report was false. Oh, and
         | you can only challenge it by snail-mail (at least back then).
         | If you don't get a response, there is no number to call, no
         | address to visit, and practically speaking no way to challenge
         | the agency short of hiring a lawyer.
         | 
         | Not to mention the obvious problem of credit bureas relying on
         | length of history as a primary determinant of credit-
         | worthiness. I don't like debt so I didn't get a credit card
         | until 28, and did so then only because I knew I needed to build
         | history if I ever wanted a house. If you are a responsible
         | steward of your finances and choose to avoid debt in lieu of
         | paying with savings, then that lack of history may preclude you
         | from getting a loan in the future. You could have a $2mm net
         | worth but that credit history will still be a problem with
         | traditional lenders.
         | 
         | It's worse for immigrants - the U.S. credit agencies often
         | don't interface with their home country's agencies. Imagine a
         | responsible 60 year old adult with a pristine record in their
         | homeland, viewed as a risky borrower by the bureas here due to
         | lack of history. Another problem is not having a large enough
         | number of credit accounts. I don't need more than one card, so
         | I just use one card, but that's a negative on my report because
         | the agencies wan't to see multiple "revolving accounts" (credit
         | cards) holding a balance. You have to... wait for it... have
         | more debt to show that you're good at managaging debt.
         | 
         | I could go on at length about how shitty the 3 main bureas are,
         | and if this comes off as ranty it's because, if it's not
         | obvious, I absolutely despise them and would love nothing more
         | than to see them relegated to the graveyeard in short order.
        
           | pell wrote:
           | > You have to... wait for it... have more debt to show that
           | you're good at managaging debt.
           | 
           | It is quite a strange system to me from a non-American
           | perspective. A US acquaintance of mine told me their parents
           | signed them up for a credit card as a teen so they could
           | "build credit" early on.
        
             | emteycz wrote:
             | Yeah it is so strange to all the young Europeans - until it
             | slaps them in the face once they need a loan and must
             | scramble to learn about it and have to suffer the
             | consequences of having none of it because they thought it's
             | some weird American thing.
             | 
             | The US way is extreme, but credit absolutely does exist
             | here and works the same way - you'll get much better deals
             | for insurance and loans if you have it, and it takes years
             | of payments without issues to build it.
        
               | jltsiren wrote:
               | It depends on the country. Some countries subscribe to
               | the idea that all credit is bad credit.
               | 
               | I grew up in a system where only negative credit history
               | was shared between banks. If you had no credit history,
               | you had perfect credit history. Your creditworthiness
               | depended on having regular income and paying bills in
               | time. Based on that information, banks determined an
               | overall limit for all your loans and other forms of debt.
               | If you had a credit card, you would get a smaller
               | mortgage. Large credit limits relative to your income and
               | spending signified risk rather than creditworthiness.
        
               | emteycz wrote:
               | Does it really work like that in practice, or are there
               | """bonuses""" you can get if you prove your credit?
               | 
               | Here in Czechia, it's like you say, no history = _perfect
               | credit_ - but as I said, you 'll get _much_ better deals
               | (after counting in bonuses) if you have _proven your
               | credibility_ - and the normal deal you get with only
               | "perfect" credit is nearly a financial suicide. Building
               | your _credibility_ by having a credit card (and paying on
               | time) is as good idea here as it is in the US because you
               | don 't pay interest until the next month so it's free.
               | 
               | The only difference is, in the US it's institutionalized
               | (and thus transparent) whereas here I have to do under-
               | the-table dealings with the bank's independent sales
               | representative. Sucks, IMHO.
        
               | jltsiren wrote:
               | Creditworthiness is (was?) based on stable income and
               | spending habits in Finland. Credit cards used to be niche
               | products for foreign travel and later online purchases.
        
               | emteycz wrote:
               | Used to be niche here as well, but nowadays it's a useful
               | tool, especially with the modern banking apps. It also
               | has really cool and free year-long worldwide travel
               | insurance, something that would cost me a lot of money
               | otherwise. And I get discounts for using it to pay for
               | hotels and car rentals and accumulate airline miles with
               | every purchase.
               | 
               | Really, we in EU get all the good features with none of
               | the bad things that the US people suffer from. I
               | recommend to ask your bank about their available deals.
               | 
               | In the banking app, I was watching my _credibility_
               | directly affect the loan offers available to me in real
               | time. I got my interest rate down to half of the usual
               | deal (which is based on my income and expenses) after a
               | year of paying back on time. It really pays off.
        
           | NikolaNovak wrote:
           | Hmm, I'm 100% with you, but the end of it:
           | 
           | "You have to... wait for it... have more debt to show that
           | you're good at managaging debt."
           | 
           | Suddenly made sense, despite being intended as sarcasm /
           | surrealism. Everything else in life, I get better at by
           | practicing. Debt may be similar; getting that first credit
           | card, regardless of age, CAN be alluring temptation to max
           | out. Some history of on-ramped, well managed debt, makes
           | sense would be a prime proof that "one can manage debt" :-/
        
       | axg11 wrote:
       | This is great news for expansion of Apple's financing/credit/card
       | services to the UK. On the downside, does this mean it's
       | incredible hard for Apple to scale these services to all the
       | countries they operate in? I can't imagine they can acquire a
       | similar company for every market.
        
         | maxfurman wrote:
         | They have essentially unlimited cash. They certainly could
         | acquire a small bank(ing startup) in every major market if they
         | wanted to.
        
         | sschueller wrote:
         | Don't all these new online banks (Wise, Revolut, etc) get UK
         | bank license and then operate in the entire EU (although UK is
         | no longer in the EU)?
        
           | fumblebee wrote:
           | As another commenter mentioned, for the EU many fintechs will
           | opt to get a banking license in Lithuania.
           | 
           | For example, Revolut is a bank in the EU via a Lithuanian
           | banking license, but only an "e-money institution" in the UK
           | (though the application to become a British bank -- and for
           | that matter, an American bank, and other jurisdictions -- is
           | in progress).
           | 
           | Monzo is a UK bank, but opted to cancel their US banking
           | application, and I don't believe is an EU bank either
           | (someone please fact check me here!)
        
           | alibarber wrote:
           | I don't know of any that will extend credit across the whole
           | EU.
           | 
           | The closest service I have gotten to this was (also not
           | exactly an EU company) American Express - but that was still
           | two different legal entities.
        
           | rgallagher27 wrote:
           | A lot of Fintechs get their banking license in Lithuania now
           | for the EU
        
         | physicsguy wrote:
         | Each market is different; even when UK was in the EU it wasn't
         | like you could for e.g. apply for a credit card from Bulgaria -
         | the supervision responsibilities for UK customers fell onto the
         | UK based Financial Conduct Authority. If you try and purchase
         | an Apple item on credit in the UK, the loans are provided by
         | Barclays even.
        
       | talideon wrote:
       | Because it's not obvious from the headline posted here, the
       | startup in question is Credit Kudos.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | nailer wrote:
         | Fred and Matt formed Credit Kudos in my cohort in
         | https://joinef.com back in 2015.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | explaingarlic wrote:
       | Open Banking is some serious business. Wondering if they're gonna
       | face any fines in the coming years due to non compliance... These
       | won't be the regular EU slap-on-the-wrist fines either.
        
         | rmesters wrote:
         | It's happening already:
         | https://www.finextra.com/newsarticle/39905/cma-writes-to-bar...
        
         | erinnh wrote:
         | Why?
         | 
         | There already is a standard for open banking in the EU with
         | PSD2.
        
           | explaingarlic wrote:
           | I have genuinely no clue what that is. I don't think it's the
           | same thing as Open Banking, though. The FCA did just fine
           | NatWest a quarter of a billion for their blatant money
           | laundering.
        
             | dbbk wrote:
             | Open Banking is PSD2. They are the same thing.
        
               | objclxt wrote:
               | No, it's not. PSD2 does not define any APIs. Open Banking
               | implements the requirements of PSD2, but they're not the
               | same thing.
        
           | proctrap wrote:
           | Except it's not a standard. It's "everyone has a different
           | API that is broken in another way". But you can threaten
           | legal action if they don't fix it or help you, which gets
           | stuff done.
        
       | sydthrowaway wrote:
       | I need a loan from Apple Bank!
        
       | jxub wrote:
       | Kudos (?) to the team. My guess is that they will want to roll
       | out their own credit score system when paying by installments,
       | rather than rely on Barclays as the credit broker as they
       | currently do.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | tksb wrote:
         | As far as I know the Barclays partnership ended at least a few
         | years ago. Apple Card was launched with Goldman Sachs.
        
           | traceroute66 wrote:
           | > As far as I know the Barclays partnership ended at least a
           | few years ago. Apple Card was launched with Goldman Sachs
           | 
           | As far as the UK is concerned, neither. There is no Apple
           | Card in the UK (or indeed Europe for that matter, AFAIK).
        
             | tksb wrote:
             | You're totally right, thanks! I read right past the UK in
             | the headline.
        
           | RossM wrote:
           | At least in the UK, all financing arrangements for phones,
           | laptops are with Barclays and PayPal Credit
           | https://www.apple.com/uk/shop/browse/financing
        
           | mcintyre1994 wrote:
           | I bought a new iPhone with Apple's 0% interest financing in
           | the UK in December, and the financing is provided by
           | Barclays. Goldman Sachs doesn't have much of a presence in
           | the UK yet, only Marcus AFAIK and no credit products.
        
             | vineyardmike wrote:
             | Goldman doesn't have much of a consumer presence anywhere.
             | Only Marcus is their consumer facing side (besides Apple
             | Card).
             | 
             | In America apple doesn't use Goldman for their financing of
             | products unless it's financed via Apple Card.
        
         | crate_barre wrote:
         | _own credit score system when paying by installments_
         | 
         | These are good ideas. Many people have debt from all kind of
         | life issues and it kind of seems insane to lock them out of
         | financing for ... a phone or the like.
         | 
         | The credit score system is the OG social credit system that
         | China ain't got nothing on.
        
           | toomuchtodo wrote:
           | There is _a lot_ of opportunity in issuing credit to folks
           | with thin or no credit files where you can rely on other
           | signals to determine creditworthiness, and it's win win. The
           | lender makes a profit, and the borrower is able to obtain
           | credit they otherwise wouldn't be able to, or credit at a
           | lower cost.
        
             | crate_barre wrote:
             | So I've heard but for the thing that really matters,
             | renting and certainly buying a home, you are more or less
             | fucked (at least for the 7 years they put you in financial
             | jail).
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | The mortgage banking origination pipeline, mortgage
               | backed securities, and the housing/wage macro situation
               | is a topic onto itself.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | basisword wrote:
           | >> These are good ideas. Many people have debt from all kind
           | of life issues and it kind of seems insane to lock them out
           | of financing for ... a phone or the like.
           | 
           | Why is that insane? Why would a company essentially loan
           | money to people they think are unlikely to pay them back? A
           | PS1200 iPhone is certainly not essential when there are
           | serviceable equivalents for < PS100 without the need for a
           | contract.
        
             | crate_barre wrote:
             | The same reason they loan out the money in the first place.
             | Do they ever actually check if a young person will have the
             | earning potential to pay back a 50k loan? Not really right,
             | but they hand out that loan. I've gotten credit cards with
             | 20k credit line 1 year out of college, no questions asked.
             | That's insane to hand that out and then blackball the
             | receiving party. Liability is on both sides here but only
             | one party suffers in an unbalanced way. For a large
             | company, writing off 50k is nothing even at scale, but for
             | the individual the scarlet letter is haunting.
             | 
             | Overall, I cannot fathom how we tied the credit system to
             | something necessary like housing. It's absurd to think you
             | are fucked out of housing options for 7 years.
        
               | basisword wrote:
               | 1. Those credit card numbers are crazy and not something
               | I've experienced in the UK.
               | 
               | 2. Taking a huge loan out when you have little prospect
               | of being able to pay it back is a persons own
               | responsibility. I've been in debt, I know lots of people
               | in debt, and in almost all cases it's due to my/their own
               | poor decisions. This conversation changes if you live in
               | the US and experience medical debt (not something we deal
               | with in the UK).
               | 
               | 3. Again, depends on your jurisdiction, but housing is
               | typically available in some form (just not ownership)
               | even to people with poor credit ratings.
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | > Not really right, but they hand out that loan.
               | 
               | Student loans, if that's what you're referring to, are
               | basically 0-risk because they'll either get wiped out by
               | the government at some point, or the person will
               | eventually pay it off within their lifetime; this is
               | helped by how you can't discharge student loan debt in
               | bankruptcy.
        
               | 2Gkashmiri wrote:
               | i do not own a credit card. in our immediate family,
               | taking loans is seen as a terrible thing. the result? i
               | do not "own" a car because i can't afford it. same for
               | going on expensive holidays or owing iphones. if i can't
               | afford it with the cash i have, i am not getting it.
               | 
               | growing up, this has been my idea and i cannot imagine
               | tying myself "in future" to an item of convenience or
               | luxury if i can't already pay it in cash.
               | 
               | a large part of it comes from the reason that i am not a
               | government employee who traditionally have enjoyed a "get
               | employed and you will get your salary till you die",
               | those people can certainly portion off their salary,
               | future even because there is essentially 0 risk of being
               | let off. OTOH, being a professional with no "assured"
               | income, this is not possible.
               | 
               | i know people, like many who sport a credit card, own a
               | vehicle for the lulz and the "experience" of making heads
               | turn but i can't care less about neighbours idea of me
               | owing or not owing an iphone or a top line car. meh
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | > if i can't afford it with the cash i have, i am not
               | getting it.
               | 
               | With that attitude, about 99% of people couldn't _ever_
               | afford a house because there is no way on saving the cash
               | needed _and_ paying rent at the same time.
        
               | basisword wrote:
               | But then the price of housing would drop until it became
               | affordable to buy in that way.
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | It would _not_ simply because there are always greedy
               | investors, airbnb profiteers and money launderers who
               | will pay any price asked.
        
               | ratsforhorses wrote:
               | I totally agree, here in Romania, prices have skyrocketed
               | since the banks became involved... one might argue they
               | fund new construction but the downside is it's destroying
               | a lot of the authentic inner cities with "ugly" high
               | rises...
               | 
               | Also somewhere there is a succinct explanation of how
               | when you want a loan from a bank for a new property, they
               | go to the central bank and get one to finance you,
               | thereby creating money out of thin air, and adding to
               | monetary inflation... but please correct me if I'm wrong
        
               | Liquid_Fire wrote:
               | Unfortunately your approach is not very efficient when it
               | comes to buying a house/apartment. If you are renting
               | until you can afford to buy, you are essentially wasting
               | your money. (Maybe you are lucky and have a place to live
               | already, e.g. from your family, but that doesn't apply to
               | everyone)
        
               | Turing_Machine wrote:
               | > If you are renting until you can afford to buy, you are
               | essentially wasting your money.
               | 
               | Well, maybe.
               | 
               | Underwater mortgages are a thing.
        
               | 2Gkashmiri wrote:
               | agreed. the idea behind that is i live in my family home
               | that was built by my father and there is no reason for me
               | to "move out". not me nor hopefully the next generation
               | would need to build a new house so we wouldn't need to
               | worry about that.
               | 
               | you are right about housing though. i agree. in my town,
               | the property prices double in 4-5 years. In the 25 years
               | we have built our home, land prices have gone up 68x and
               | they are growing fast.
               | 
               | my argument was on credit cards and disposable income
               | spending.
        
             | Bilal_io wrote:
             | Simply because the credit system is _in my opinion_
             | imperfect and punishes people harshly. It encourages
             | borrowing. i.e. if a person is responsible and chooses not
             | to open a credit line, then their credit is considered bad,
             | and banks would consider them risky. That's just one
             | example.
        
               | vorpalhex wrote:
               | Not taking out credit doesn't make your credit bad, it
               | makes it unknown. You wouldn't loan $150,000 to a friend
               | you just met right?
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Why are people entitled to credit? Everyone ascribes more
               | credit to people they have good or neutral experience
               | with than people they have had no experience with.
        
               | Bilal_io wrote:
               | > Why are people entitled to credit?
               | 
               | I am with you there. But unfortunately, many entities
               | check credit to decide whether they want to rent you an
               | apartment, whether they want to install pre-paid home
               | internet to your house or hire you for a job in many
               | instances.
               | 
               | So my argument is simple, if you want to check my credit
               | to rent me an apartment, then the credit system should
               | use my rent payment to increase my credit score, and this
               | should apply to every bill I pay, be it prepaid or post
               | paid.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | As far as I understand, the reason the credit system
               | already does not do this is due to friction with
               | integrating data. All the small landlords probably do not
               | have access to credit reporting bureaus, and there is
               | probably a lot of hassle to report and verify
               | information.
               | 
               | Of course, that friction has greatly been reduced due to
               | computers and internet, so it is possible to get a more
               | granular look at people's ins and outs to more precisely
               | establish credit.
               | 
               | I think checking accounts or an equivalent should
               | basically be a government utility at this point,
               | available to all.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _if a person is responsible and chooses not to open a
               | credit line, then their credit is considered bad, and
               | banks would consider them risky_
               | 
               | If you have zero credit history, yes, you _are_ risky
               | because what 's unknown (including to you) is how your
               | personality interacts with debt and what's known is that
               | you have zero experience managing debt.
        
               | Bilal_io wrote:
               | Please read my response to the other comment.
        
               | hectormalot wrote:
               | > Simply because the credit system is _in my opinion_
               | imperfect and punishes people harshly. It encourages
               | borrowing. i.e. if a person is responsible and chooses
               | not to open a credit line, then their credit is
               | considered bad, and banks would consider them risky.
               | That's just one example.
               | 
               | That's a US (and maybe some other countries as well)
               | perspective, but not the same for all countries. e.g. in
               | The Netherlands, your credit report is mostly concerned
               | about how much debt you have (vs capacity to pay) and if
               | you have debts in arrears. I understood historic debt
               | payments don't really factor into it here.
               | 
               | Note that different debts do have different weights. e.g.
               | a car loan for 20k can reduce the limit of your max
               | mortgage by 50k because its a bigger impact on your
               | capacity to pay.
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | In general that's how it works here too, people just like
               | to watch their VantageScore rise and fall when most non-
               | credit card credit decisions only worry about debt. The
               | only thing that really matters is any history of late
               | payments, but I imagine lenders in the Netherlands also
               | wouldn't like it if you had multiple late payments to
               | lenders every year.
        
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