[HN Gopher] Dogs might be anxious for the same reasons as humans
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       Dogs might be anxious for the same reasons as humans
        
       Author : whack
       Score  : 42 points
       Date   : 2022-03-19 18:45 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.science.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.science.org)
        
       | FredPret wrote:
       | My dog has email and back-to-back meetings?!
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | marcodiego wrote:
       | I don't think a dog is worried about losing his job or his
       | significant other getting pregnant.
        
         | ozim wrote:
         | I bet a dog is terrified of losing food source so basically the
         | same as losing job.
        
         | nanomonkey wrote:
         | Working dogs _definitely_ stress over losing their jobs. I 've
         | had several herding dogs that spent far more energy than I ever
         | would worrying about the state of the ranch, where each animal
         | was, and the possibility of outside predators.
         | 
         | The day I saw a 50 lb dog herd a 2,000 lb uncastrated bull into
         | an unused pen, all on it's own initiative, while everyone else
         | hid in the house was the day that I treated the dog as an equal
         | coworker.
        
       | heavyset_go wrote:
       | I'd bet most mammals have the same types of emotions, just tuned
       | a bit differently for survival.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | clairity wrote:
       | my dog exhibits insecurity (as discussed in the article) mostly
       | in relation to me, as well as some strangers who she deems to be
       | sketchy in some way. the first months were spent working through
       | severe anxiety (and cleaning up overnight fear diarrhea) while
       | slowly building trust at home. she was hyper-sensitive to my
       | moods and movements, and would hyperventilate if she thought i
       | was even slightly upset with her. this is why i think she was
       | probably abused by her previous caretaker(s).
       | 
       | thankfully, she's gotten much better, and now enjoys a mostly
       | carefree and social dog life, though she's still vigilant and
       | standoffish at times with both humans and other dogs. i can
       | definitely see parallels to human behaviors, and even use
       | techniques you might use with people to build up her confidence
       | (as well as curb unwanted behavior). she's been great overall,
       | and i wouldn't trade her for the world.
        
         | teakettle42 wrote:
         | Overnight nervous diarrhea? In your _home_? Tons of effort to
         | keep that from happening, and to have a pet that doesn't
         | destroy your home?
         | 
         | I really don't understand dog ownership.
        
           | leetrout wrote:
           | I was in a similar situation.
           | 
           | My vet saw me on day 3 with my rescue and he warned me it
           | would be months to years to correct. He advised me as a first
           | time owner to return the dog and I did.
           | 
           | Glad OP was a better person and had the time, patience and
           | love to share.
        
             | k8sToGo wrote:
             | Some dogs are easier than others. Don't worry about it. I
             | also returned a dog where it just didn't work. Got a
             | different one later and we bonded very well.
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | Well, if you anthropomorphize your dog, it's like having a
           | little human in the house.
        
           | doublerabbit wrote:
           | Do you have any kids? It's not much of a difference.
        
           | gkop wrote:
           | Not the norm
        
           | markdown wrote:
           | > I really don't understand dog ownership.
           | 
           | Dogs are wonderful.
           | 
           | What I don't understand is letting them into your home.
           | Disgusting. Some people even let them on their beds, which is
           | truly bonkers. Why anyone would let naked dog butt, complete
           | with poopy fur, onto their bed, is beyond understanding.
        
             | k8sToGo wrote:
             | Last time I checked the dog butt is covered in fur. Also
             | dogs have a prolapsed anus...
             | 
             | Where are you from that dogs are not seen as family
             | members?
             | 
             | Also what about children? They are not exactly known to be
             | clean either.
        
           | clairity wrote:
           | it was stressful for the first few weeks, but that's
           | adoption, even with other humans. she's much better, and it
           | was a rewarding experience for me, so win-win in my book.
           | 
           | she didn't want to poop uncontrollably, and knew it was
           | 'bad', but she couldn't help it until she could get her own
           | fear and anxiety under control. human babies poop
           | uncontrollably too, for much longer even. eventually i
           | learned to put pee pads everywhere in her (initial) sleeping
           | area, and just threw out the ones that were soiled in the
           | morning. it wasn't that big of a deal, and certainly didn't
           | "destroy" anything.
        
         | djsavvy wrote:
         | How did you work through your dog's anxiety and build trust
         | with her?
        
           | clairity wrote:
           | lots of love, playful interaction, encouragement... and
           | chicken treats. but it was mostly time, i'd say. she needed
           | to know for herself that her environment, and most
           | importantly i, was safe. even though she was scared, she was
           | a willing participant, which was crucial (she was always very
           | attentive, like she was always trying very hard to understand
           | what was going on). sometimes, it was just ignoring her while
           | i did my usual activities. other times, it was exhibiting
           | positive attention on her, and minimizing opportunities for
           | the negative.
           | 
           | i also worked on desensitizing her to certain triggers that
           | would bring out fear aggression (which was rare, but as such,
           | surprising when it happened), like reaching for her head, by
           | doing it over and over at spontaneous moments to show her
           | that it wasn't dangerous to her (and giving her treats for
           | good behavior, and a tiny, gentle scolding for bad).
           | 
           | mind you, she was a mild case as far as all this goes, but it
           | still required focused and prolonged attention.
        
           | technothrasher wrote:
           | We had our pup on an SSRI for about eight months when she was
           | a puppy. We got her at three months old and she had been born
           | in rescue. So we knew her history from birth and knew she
           | wasn't abused, she was just a naturally very anxiety prone
           | dog. After a month of being with us and just not getting over
           | her anxiety (she was basically miserable whenever any humans
           | were around) the vet suggested the drugs. They worked
           | wonders, and after she'd grown a bit and come to accept us as
           | "her people", we weened her off the drugs and all went well.
           | 
           | At four years old, she's still an anxious dog, and always
           | will be, but she's content in her home life now and likes to
           | be with us. She's still very wary of strangers, and really
           | doesn't like being out in more human dense areas, but it's
           | easy enough to keep her activities to things she likes.
        
       | cercatrova wrote:
       | I mean, we're both mammals with a somewhat recent common
       | ancestor, I'd assume the brain doesn't change that much between
       | such species.
        
         | hotpotamus wrote:
         | I'd only disagree with the somewhat recent common ancestor
         | since it was on the order of 60 million years ago. Even
         | geologically speaking, that's a bit. But it's quite clear if
         | you observe rats, dogs, and other mammals (especially social
         | ones), they've got some of the same wiring. I'd go so far as to
         | say that most human laws are just codified innate primate tribe
         | dynamics.
         | 
         | I even hear people say they can relate with their reptiles, but
         | that seems harder for me to square.
        
         | squishy47 wrote:
         | i'm always surprised by these "we just discovered humans and
         | animals are the same" articles, i've never understood the
         | difference between humans and animals, i always believed we all
         | shared similar fundamental bits, just didn't consider the brain
         | bit but it makes sense.
        
           | psyc wrote:
           | "Hairless apes, not wingless angels."
           | 
           | - me
        
           | netizen-936824 wrote:
           | Same here, people seem to have this strange assumption that
           | humans are somehow fundamentally different from all other
           | organisms.
           | 
           | I think the opposite assumption would make more sense, that
           | we're more alike than different
        
         | Sharlin wrote:
         | I'm always particularly befuddled by the idea that animals
         | don't have emotions. I mean, emotions are based in the deepest,
         | oldest, most lizard-brainy parts of our minds, it's everything
         | _else_ that 's more recent.
        
         | readhn wrote:
         | dogs were built up by humans. dogs are connected to humans on
         | emotional level, so this is not surprising.
        
           | Sharlin wrote:
           | Eh, it's extremely unlikely that dogs have developed any
           | totally new types of emotions during the domestication
           | process. More like they were easy and useful to domesticate
           | because as intelligent, mammalian, social pack predators,
           | their ancestors were already a good fit for humans, mentally.
        
             | hellotomyrars wrote:
             | There are papers/studies that show that dogs have facial
             | muscles that wolves lack that effectively give them
             | expressive eyebrows. You could argue this is the result of
             | human selective breeding but it does allow them to portray
             | emotion in a way wolves can't. Not sure how one would
             | define "new emotion" but certainly their ability to
             | communicate emotion to people at least has
             | changed/increased.
        
               | wswope wrote:
               | Adding on to this, there's evidence that domestication
               | involved selecting for genetic abnormalities in dogs that
               | are analogous to Williams Syndrome in humans, a disorder
               | which is known to cause pro-sociability, a strong sense
               | of empathy, and relatedly, anxiety.
               | 
               | I'd argue we have pretty good evidence that the emotional
               | processing of dogs has been dramatically altered by
               | domestication.
               | 
               | https://www.insidescience.org/news/rare-human-syndrome-
               | may-e...
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | alehlopeh wrote:
       | In my experience, dog owners tend to anthropomorphize their dogs
       | quite a bit. They'll dream up motivations for their dog's
       | behaviors, often with very little basis in reality. Surveying dog
       | owners about their dog's personality will tell you a lot more
       | about the dog owners than the dog.
        
         | Wistar wrote:
         | I thought the same thing until my dog stole my car.
        
         | peakaboo wrote:
         | In my experience, people who never had dogs usually say things
         | like that about dog owners. :)
        
           | micromacrofoot wrote:
           | I'm a lifelong dog owner and it's extremely true that people
           | do this. They literally go as far as creating instagram
           | accounts to role play as pets. They follow other people's
           | pets who do the same. It's bonkers.
        
           | swayvil wrote:
           | The greater the ignorance of a subject, the greater the
           | confidence of one's opinions about it. There's a name for
           | this malady. It's on the tip of my tongue.
           | 
           | And speaking of that. It's interesting to consider it taken
           | to absurd yet utterly plausible levels.
        
             | sammorrowdrums wrote:
             | I assume you're referring to the Dunning-Kruger Effect.
        
             | TheSpiceIsLife wrote:
             | I reckon you're looking for the _Dunning-Kruger effect_.
             | 
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effe
             | c...
        
         | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
         | There are two possible things going on:
         | 
         | 1. actual anthropomorphizing, that is ascribing distinctly
         | human motivation to a non-human actor
         | 
         | 2. in Dennett's words, "taking the intentional stance", that is
         | choosing to describe and understand an active entity in the
         | world as if it had intentions.
         | 
         | We do (2) with other people all the time, without much to
         | really back it up. I don't consider such a bad thing to do it
         | with dogs (or other animals).
        
         | WalterBright wrote:
         | In my years with The Cat, I'm convinced the only thought in its
         | tiny brain 24/7 is "I want food".
         | 
         | Once the automatic cat feeder failed and The Cat had access to
         | all it could eat. Had to take it to the vet to unjam its
         | digestive tract.
        
         | majormajor wrote:
         | Is that more or less sensible than the position of "here's
         | another social land mammal of roughly similar size that evolved
         | on the same planet, yet I'm going to assume they are completely
         | different and inscrutable and don't have any real sort of
         | consciousness or emotion"?
         | 
         | (Especially in response to an article about academics studying
         | animal emotion and mental states. If you want to disagree,
         | let's not anecdotally say "dog owners are silly lol", let's
         | rebut "Twenty years ago, Overall and other experts began to
         | suggest the dog be used as a model for human psychiatry. The
         | same types of mental illness don't occur naturally in rodents;
         | researchers have to induce them.")
        
           | alehlopeh wrote:
           | The article describes a study that was conducted by surveying
           | dog owners.
        
         | oh_sigh wrote:
         | How are you more familiar with these dogs than the owners, who
         | probably spends dozens of hours per week with them?
         | 
         | Is it just because you believe something about dogs in general?
        
           | Jensson wrote:
           | There have been real scientific experiments done on pets,
           | their remarkable abilities disappear once you remove the
           | owner from the picture.
           | 
           | What dogs and other social animals are great at is reading
           | humans and acting accordingly. So what happens is that the
           | owner is unknowingly instructing their pet to behave in a
           | certain way in certain situations and the pet just acts
           | accordingly. The pet doesn't know X, the owner knows X and
           | signals that to the pet.
        
           | metadat wrote:
           | As a dog owner, I agree with the OP.
           | 
           | Humans tend to anthropomorphize the heck out of virtually all
           | of their pets. The more emotional the bond, the higher the
           | expected rate of anthropomorphization will be.
           | 
           |  _Anthropomorphize - verb_
           | 
           | Attribute human characteristics or behaviors to an animal,
           | god, or even an object.
        
             | elliekelly wrote:
             | How do we know which behaviors or characteristics are
             | uniquely "human"? Maybe humans and animals have more
             | behaviors and characteristics in common than a lot of
             | people would like to admit.
        
             | oh_sigh wrote:
             | Sure. I wouldn't argue that people don't make silly claims
             | about their pets. At the same time, historically scientists
             | have made what now seem to be silly claims about pets in
             | the other direction. Regarding anthropomorphization, what
             | are "human characteristics"? Are those characteristics that
             | _can only_ be found in humans? Or is it just
             | characteristics that we commonly see in humans, but which
             | may be present in other animals as well? Because that list
             | of characteristics was much larger even 20 years ago than
             | it is today.
        
         | blowski wrote:
         | We have a 2 year old lab that constantly digs up any plants we
         | put in the garden. My wife has come up with lots of reasons for
         | this behaviour, but none of her solutions have made any
         | difference. I suspect the dog enjoys digging up plants and
         | doesn't understand that we'd prefer she didn't. In short, from
         | my limited experience, I think you're right.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | nanomonkey wrote:
           | Likely the dog instinctively believes that it has a higher
           | chance of finding something interesting in a hole that
           | someone else filled in, than another spot. You won't get it
           | to stop this behavior unless you fulfill it's needs to dig
           | and find stuff, plus give it a reason why it shouldn't be
           | digging up certain items. The later is done with negative
           | reinforcement, which is not acceptable to some dog trainers
           | these days, despite being sometimes necessary.
        
           | cwillu wrote:
           | I fail to see any significant difference between that and the
           | explanations for the misbehaviours of children. Or adults,
           | for that matter.
        
         | callmeal wrote:
         | >They'll dream up motivations for their dog's behaviors, often
         | with very little basis in reality.
         | 
         | Not any more. Take a look at this:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NJYpXDMPlKA and others in the
         | series.
         | 
         | This dog and the whole process of teaching is fascinating
         | because it highlights how much we depend on verbal
         | communications and easily discount other types.
        
         | swayvil wrote:
         | On the other hand, nobody has a greater wealth of intimate
         | experience with a dog than his owner. So in this case the owner
         | is the authority. Overwhelmingly so. So we would do well to
         | listen to what he says.
        
         | rpmisms wrote:
         | They have the same basic motivations as us: food, sex, shelter,
         | affection. My dog lies about the mailman walking by in order to
         | go scare him. They're also self-aware, to a degree.
        
         | [deleted]
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | psyc wrote:
         | Couldn't possibly have anything to do with us observing and
         | communicating with dogs every day for decades.
        
           | WalterBright wrote:
           | Maybe dogs aren't actually self-aware. They're just emulating
           | how a self-aware creature would behave.
           | 
           | Just like humans.
        
           | RobertMiller wrote:
           | No of course not, animals are soulless automatons without any
           | relatable emotion or reason that humans could ever perceive
           | let alone understand. Anybody who thinks otherwise is just
           | deluded by anthropomorphization and overzealous pattern
           | matching.
           | 
           | An angry dog? No such thing, anger is a human emotion. A
           | happy dog? Again, no such thing. A sad dog? Never existed,
           | sadness is uniquely human.
        
             | k8sToGo wrote:
             | Because humans are not automatons of eating and
             | reproducing?
        
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