[HN Gopher] How Zillow's homebuying scheme lost $881M
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       How Zillow's homebuying scheme lost $881M
        
       Author : spansoa
       Score  : 484 points
       Date   : 2022-03-18 16:00 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (fullstackeconomics.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (fullstackeconomics.com)
        
       | noasaservice wrote:
       | And a solution is exponential taxation for properties not being
       | lived in by the buyer.
       | 
       | I'm done and tired of vulture capitalists and all sorts trying to
       | make bank on where to live. I'm sick of landlords looking for
       | shitty almost-passive income while I build them equity.
       | 
       | Fuck'em all. I want this "industry" to die in a pit of firey
       | death.
        
         | jgod wrote:
         | Can start with people who aren't citizens (overseas
         | "investors"), and then people who may be citizens, but don't
         | have the country as their primary residence. And then beyond a
         | certain number / distance (discourage absentee landlords).
        
       | devmunchies wrote:
       | > _Zillow's exit from the market strengthens the position of
       | companies like Opendoor or Offerpad, which do something similar_
       | 
       | Does Opendoor just have better algorithms/models? What factors
       | allow them to have different outcomes from Zillow?
        
         | trixie_ wrote:
         | This is a good question. I am long on some company figuring out
         | how to really streamline the home buying/selling process.
         | Everyone dreads it, nothing worse than trying to buy or sell a
         | home. These companies could be great buffers allowing the quick
         | sale/buying of a home with minimal overhead. There is
         | definitely a market for providing 'peace of mind' and the
         | guarantee of not being screwed which today there is a high
         | probability of from all angles.
         | 
         | Hopefully Opendoor can figure it out. They're probably going to
         | need a lot of cash, homes, and software to really put it
         | together into something that can be automated and scale.
        
         | philipodonnell wrote:
         | If I remember the discussion at the time, OpenDoor and Offerpad
         | are pure-play iBuying while Zillow was an already huge business
         | pivoting into iBuying to make up for declines in its
         | advertising business. Zillow had a reason to scale faster than
         | the others and they didn't do it very well.
        
         | bgentry wrote:
         | Yes. Source: I was employee 24 at Opendoor. Zillow's pricing
         | algorithms are and always were terrible.
         | 
         | They tried to paper over this during their iBuying push with
         | humans, and then in an effort to outgrow Opendoor, they
         | incentivized growing at any cost without the proper controls to
         | prevent adverse selection. And due to some unfortunate timing
         | with the market cooling, they got wrecked for it.
        
         | bkberry352 wrote:
         | Mostly that they no longer have to compete with Zillow
        
       | darkerside wrote:
       | I wonder Zillow could do market making without the actually
       | buying and selling that introduce so much of the risk. Gather
       | into from prospective buyers about what they're looking for and
       | identify houses that are a good fit and serve them up to the
       | buyers. Not sure how to monetize, but this is essentially
       | cannibalizing realtors, which is always where I thought their
       | business model was going in the first place.
        
       | 1B05H1N wrote:
       | How much money did this cost everyone else?
        
         | titanomachy wrote:
         | I think that "everyone else" actually made money from this.
         | Zillow overpaid for houses and then was forced to sell them for
         | the actual market value, so this $881M was basically free money
         | given directly to the people Zillow bought from.
        
         | maldeh wrote:
         | Likely some stressed out buyers paid for overpriced homes given
         | the sharply rising prices across the market (although
         | completely by their choice), and the sellers probably loved it
         | - but that's already par for the course with the housing market
         | at the moment. Zillow probably didn't help but isn't the sole
         | contributor by any means.
        
       | bernardv wrote:
       | That's what happens when you get involved in a business you
       | really know not much about I.e. market-making and risk-taking.
        
       | emodendroket wrote:
       | Guess Zillow didn't have the brilliant insider information as to
       | what the market would do that everybody thought.
        
       | natas wrote:
       | Based on S4 forms, Zillow execs made a cumulative $1.3B from what
       | might have been called a ponzi scheme, so it was overall well
       | played.
        
         | mistrial9 wrote:
         | > so it was overall well played
         | 
         | in one breath it is overtly and explicitly illegal, second
         | breath same sentence.. "wellplayed" .. any red flags here?
         | 
         | I have heard "contemporaneously, during the Fall of Rome, there
         | was a precipitous rise in the number of lawyers"...
        
       | hgomersall wrote:
       | Why could this not be run as an actual service. Zillow fronts say
       | 75% of the estimated purchase price, then sells it and takes a
       | cut of the premium, the rest going to the original seller. It's
       | an estate agent with financing.
        
         | octoberfranklin wrote:
         | This is a brilliant idea, and if I ever sold my house I would
         | want to do it this way.
         | 
         | Unfortunately most homeowners are debt-leveraged out the wazoo
         | as a result of the artificially low interest rates we've had
         | for the past decade. Once you filter out people who aren't
         | looking to move the remaining cohort is homedebtors. Although
         | something like 1/3rd of homeowners own their house outright
         | those tend not to be the ones looking to move or flip.
        
         | Traster wrote:
         | Because very often the reason you're selling a house is that
         | you're buying a house, and so you need 100% of the value of the
         | sale to go towards your new deposit. It's no good having 75% of
         | the cash now, you need it all as a deposit and the mortgage
         | company isn't going to take the risk that that 25% turns up
         | eventually.
        
       | h2odragon wrote:
       | Zillow's estimates of home values in my area have consistently
       | been 150% of actual prices, as far as I've seen over the past
       | years. Not that I've looked that closely and given that this is a
       | hard area for them with low sales and a broad range of values for
       | reasons not easy for their algorithms to quantify.
       | 
       | However, I always took that to be intentional, sort of a "see how
       | valuable your home is / how high the values are where you're
       | looking at"; hype that cost them nothing but made everyone feel
       | better. Did the person that set that "glamor bonus" fudge factor
       | get fired or just wasn't allowed to talk to the team deciding
       | offer prices?
        
         | some-guy wrote:
         | Another anecdote: I'm in Oakland, where condo prices went down
         | slightly during the pandemic overall, yet Zillow's estimates
         | are always much higher than Redfin's (which seem to be in the
         | same ballpark as the sale prices).
        
           | mistrial9 wrote:
           | maybe Redfin actually incorporates "price at end of closing"
           | into their models, instead of say .. "wishful drinking"
           | prices from Zillow and crew?
        
         | civilized wrote:
         | The Zestimate history for a condo I used to own is hilarious.
         | There have been several sales of this property over 5 years,
         | all at about the same price.
         | 
         | If you follow the Zestimate through time, it climbs rapidly
         | until there is a sale, then it goes "oh shit" and plummets down
         | to the sale price, which is barely different from the last time
         | it was sold. This cycle repeats each time the property is sold.
         | 
         | Zillow is absolutely certain that this property should be
         | rapidly increasing in value, no matter how many times it sells
         | at about the same price it sold for last time.
         | 
         | When we sold the property, the agent told us it was in an
         | awkward spot: too expensive for single people, not quite big
         | enough for high-earning families. So it's stuck in price limbo
         | as all the neighboring condos skyrocket.
         | 
         | Based on this experience, I remain convinced that there are
         | micro-structural factors the fancy data science pricing models
         | just can't seem to capture yet.
        
         | throwaway1777 wrote:
         | It varies widely by Area how accurate the zestimate is. In some
         | places Redfin is much higher than Zillow, in others places it's
         | reversed. Sometimes they're too high, sometimes they're too
         | low. I presume the algorithm does best when the prices are
         | fairly flat, but in this market real estate prices changed
         | dramatically and it seems pretty impossible for an algorithm to
         | figure it out without modeling the entire economy and movement
         | patterns of the population.
        
         | avgDev wrote:
         | Odd. My house is valued at $330k on zillow, would sell for
         | $420K+ in a few days.
        
           | brk wrote:
           | Mine is pretty accurate ($2.5M), based on recent sales and a
           | couple of solicitations from realtor friends.
           | 
           | FWIW, we have had a high frequency of home sales in the past
           | year, so that might help. I just looked up my previous house
           | (sold 5 years ago), and Zillow is saying $740K, which I am
           | pretty sure is massively overvalued, however the street it is
           | on, and general area, have a fairly low turnover, so less
           | recent data.
        
             | syspec wrote:
             | Humble brag
        
               | eyjafjallajokul wrote:
               | Not if you bought a home a decade or two ago and house
               | prices went up around you with no action of your own.
               | 
               | I drive an old Honda Civic and my neighbors all have
               | Tesla, Porsche, etc.
        
               | DonHopkins wrote:
               | I'm working on my second million!
               | 
               | ...I gave up on my first.
        
               | brk wrote:
               | I didn't mean it that way, and it's all relative really.
               | There are a ton of houses above and below my price point.
        
               | fugalfervor wrote:
               | No, you're rich.
        
             | imilk wrote:
             | Mine is pretty accurate as well ($44.8M), based on recent
             | mentions in Architectural Digest and a couple of
             | solicitations from fellow G650 owners.
        
               | diamondlovesyou wrote:
               | There isn't exactly a large market for homes at that
               | price point. Plus at that price, a thorough DD is an
               | order. So not unexpected that your home's value would be
               | accurate.
        
               | cole-k wrote:
               | What's "a thorough DD"? I assume it's building on the
               | previous joke but I don't recognize the abbreviation.
        
               | a_r41 wrote:
               | Due diligence.
        
           | micromacrofoot wrote:
           | It varies a lot based on location and what's sold locally. If
           | there aren't a lot of similar properties in the area that
           | have sold recently it will be much less accurate.
        
       | nikanj wrote:
       | How do you _lose_ money investing in homes since 2010 or so? The
       | market has been going gangbusters everywhere with a zip code,
       | with solid double-digit gains in all place with more than one
       | Starbucks
        
       | lvl102 wrote:
       | We need to stop corporations from buying single family homes.
        
       | encoderer wrote:
       | I was at Zillow for many years and left in 2020. On the tech side
       | the pivot into iBuying was absolutely bonkers. The message from
       | senior leadership was basically: I have no idea what your teams
       | should be working on but it's definitely not what they are
       | currently working on so stop that and figure something else out.
       | 
       | This has nothing directly to do with their market failure but
       | they probably are driven by the same leadership problems.
        
         | phlowbieuq wrote:
         | i wish we lived in the same area and could have an OTR
         | conversation about this. believe it or not, the new "strategy"
         | now that ZO is all shut down is even less well-defined and more
         | pie-in-the-sky than ZO ever was.
        
           | sib301 wrote:
           | Please share!
        
           | hackernewds wrote:
           | what is ZO?
        
             | allenu wrote:
             | Zillow Offers. The name of the iBuying service the company
             | provided. (Former Zillow myself, as of a couple of weeks
             | ago.)
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | itronitron wrote:
         | Sounds familiar, I read this as leadership saying... "you all
         | need to change what you are doing because you must not know
         | what you're doing because we don't know what we're doing and
         | we're the ones in charge."
        
       | mupuff1234 wrote:
       | Just saw this article today:
       | 
       | https://nypost.com/2022/03/18/firebird-grove-scoops-up-entir...
        
       | ourmandave wrote:
       | I'm planning to sell very soon and love the iBuyer model.
       | 
       | Don't have to deal with showings, or fix anything, or hope a
       | buyer's financing doesn't fall through at the last minute. To me
       | that's worth whatever percent they're getting.
       | 
       | Sadly, no iBuyer operates in my fly-over state.
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | Not sure why the article goes to such lengths to legitimize
         | "Corporate flipping", calling it iBuying or whatever.
         | 
         | No matter what terminology you use, buyers without cash-in-hand
         | are getting screwed.
        
           | mywittyname wrote:
           | > No matter what terminology you use, buyers without cash-in-
           | hand are getting screwed.
           | 
           | "Cash is king" is a common phrase in real estate for good
           | reason. In pretty much all instances, a cash buyer has a leg
           | up over everyone else. In a liquidity crunch, cash buyers get
           | discounts because people can't get loans; in hot markets,
           | they get discounts because they can wave contingencies; in
           | cool markets, they get discounts because they can move
           | faster; etc.
        
             | bduerst wrote:
             | This hasn't always been the case with real estate though.
             | The market used to be much more accessible, and tech
             | bubbles overlapping into it are just further destroying it.
        
           | jdross wrote:
           | look up Opendoor's buy with cash product. Turns every buyer
           | into a cash buyer in exchange for the same commission as any
           | other buyer agent (maybe lower?)
        
             | mdaniel wrote:
             | Flyhomes is in that game, too: https://www.flyhomes.com/
        
       | crate_barre wrote:
       | The funny thing is that while that number sounds like a lot, it
       | would only be about 900 houses in places like Cali and NY.
        
       | bell-cot wrote:
       | Reminds me of an old guy in knew back in the early 90's. His
       | (quite nice) house was on a lot shaped like "well, that was the
       | leftovers, after we gave all the other houses reasonable lots".
       | Every year, the City tried to raise his property's assessed value
       | by ~10% more than the neighborhood's average increase. And every
       | time that his house sold (he had decades of records, to support
       | his appeals of their over-assessments), it sold for ~50% of what
       | the City wanted it to be worth. Now if he could have gotten the
       | City to buy him out, for what their Assessment rulebook _said_
       | his house was worth...
       | 
       | Edit: Added seemed-obvious final sentence.
        
         | sokoloff wrote:
         | I've often wished that one avenue of appeal of a city
         | assessment was an option given to the property owner to force
         | the city to buy the property for 90% of what they assessed it.
         | You could either go through the current appeals process or just
         | sell them the house if they were way off.
        
           | nikanj wrote:
           | And the same for the reverse: You can claim your house is
           | only worth $40k, but then the city is allowed to buy it for
           | $48k.
        
             | sokoloff wrote:
             | I'd be OK with that, but would probably design it to allow
             | the homeowner to "fold" and withdraw their petition to
             | reduce the assessment. (Otherwise, you'd see crap like "Oh,
             | nikanj's kid is a senior next year; let's jack up their
             | assessment because they're not going to want to move and so
             | won't contest it...")
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | Where I live the assessed value is a complex formula only
           | somewhat related to real estate values. My house might be say
           | $500k, but it should assess for about $380k. So I'm losing
           | long before it would be worth a buyout
        
       | bastawhiz wrote:
       | I recently bought a home. We toured a Zillow home, and I can
       | understand what they were going for and where they failed.
       | 
       | We were able to pull up to the driveway, book a tour for that
       | minute, and walk in the front door. It was almost a magical
       | experience compared to the process of finding and going to
       | showings. The listings were clear and thorough. The experience
       | was extremely compelling.
       | 
       | The downside: the homes were absurdly overpriced. I bought a home
       | for about 10% less than the last Zillow listing. For less, I got
       | three times the land, 40% more square footage, a better location,
       | updated appliances, new carpets, landscaped back yard, horseshoe
       | driveway, two car garage. Almost zero effort had been put into
       | modernizing the Zillow home and it showed.
       | 
       | I suspect if I had come in with a very low offer, they'd have
       | accepted it. But for what?
       | 
       | If I was Zillow, I'd have licensed the tech to realtors. I'd
       | definitely be inclined to buy a home through them if they weren't
       | the ones selling the property directly.
        
         | wcfields wrote:
         | If I can give any home buying tip from my experience of buying
         | two houses it's been to look at places that are in "the
         | middle". Both homes I've bought in SoCal have had some god-
         | awful photos online, and the finish is new-ish, but done by
         | someone in the 70s so it's new but tacky in a little-old-lady
         | way.
         | 
         | This ends up pricing the house too expensive to flippers, and
         | not nice enough to sell compared to other houses because it
         | doesn't have the farmhouse sink and looks exactly like a
         | grandma took out a home equity line and renovated (which is
         | what happened).
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | escapedmoose wrote:
           | We took the same approach with our house, and the results
           | were marvelous. Major props to our realtor for seeing the
           | potential hidden in those god-awful listing photos.
        
             | IshKebab wrote:
             | The American house buying process is seriously weird!
        
         | hammock wrote:
         | Sounds nice. Where do you live?
        
           | bastawhiz wrote:
           | Raleigh NC! Nice weather, friendly people, adorable housing,
           | good food. The only complaint I have is that you need to
           | drive literally everywhere.
        
         | TomVDB wrote:
         | I'm surprised you have an issue with arranging visits to open
         | houses?
         | 
         | Open RedFin, check the houses for sale, go to the open house
         | when there is one? That's at least how it works in the Bay
         | Area. We never had to schedule or book anything, and only after
         | seeing a house we liked, we asked our agent to check it out and
         | submit an offer.
        
           | bastawhiz wrote:
           | The house I bought was listed for two weeks. They had one day
           | of showings. The following day they stopped accepting offers.
           | Maybe it's different in the Bay, but here in Raleigh houses
           | are available to tour for essentially eight hours.
        
             | moonchrome wrote:
             | The alternative being to ask above market the house so it
             | sits on the market for longer ? I don't understand what
             | Zillow changes in this story ? (I'm genuinely curious - not
             | from US)
        
               | bastawhiz wrote:
               | Zillow eliminates the notion of showings as an event.
               | They plug in a smart lock and (at least to my
               | understanding) you can tour the minute the listing goes
               | up. There's no rushing to showings, your can tour any
               | house that's in their portfolio on the market.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > Zillow eliminates the notion of showings as an event
               | 
               | Showings aren't an event unless the seller (perhaps
               | through their agent) decides they should be.
               | 
               | > They plug in a smart lock and (at least to my
               | understanding) you can tour the minute the listing goes
               | up.
               | 
               | A lockbox with a key that buyers agents can get access to
               | has been routine for sales of homes where the seller
               | doesn't actively choose to limit showing for a long time;
               | changing the technology doesn't fundamentally change
               | anything. If access is made directly to buyers that would
               | be a slight change in accessibility (also an increase in
               | risk for the seller), but not, in practice, a huge
               | difference.
        
         | judge2020 wrote:
         | > The downside
         | 
         | If this wasn't another house in the same neighborhood then the
         | differentiator most certainly wasn't Zillow or their pricing.
        
           | bastawhiz wrote:
           | It was within about five minutes drive
        
           | dlp211 wrote:
           | Why is this being downvoted. It's completely correct. The
           | value of a home purchase is not just the building, but the
           | land it sits on.
           | 
           | OP got a bigger, more modern house, with a larger yard for
           | less, but it's meaningless until we understand the market
           | circumstances of both homes for sale.
           | 
           | It could be that Zillow is overpriced here, or it could be
           | that Zillow is properly priced, we have no idea from the
           | information provided here.
        
             | ipaddr wrote:
             | You missed better location
        
               | dlp211 wrote:
               | Better location is a completely subjective statement.
               | Show me the comps.
        
               | garbagetime wrote:
               | Better location =/= more valuable location
        
               | hackernewds wrote:
               | why not?
        
               | dlp211 wrote:
               | Because better is subjective. NYC has more crime, worst
               | public schools, and smaller homes than a lot of suburbs,
               | but I guarantee that NYC is more expensive.
               | 
               | It's an extreme example, but it's not the only example.
        
         | polski-g wrote:
         | Zillow prices my house 100k higher than redfin
        
         | awb wrote:
         | > the homes were absurdly overpriced
         | 
         | That's saying a lot for a red hot real estate market.
         | 
         | I still get updates from Zillow every month saying my home
         | increased 5% in value in the last 30 days and up 30% over the
         | last 12 months. Something is wildly off with their algorithm.
        
           | bastawhiz wrote:
           | The agent I was working with showed me two houses on the same
           | block that were much more modern and had sold for less within
           | the previous few months. The Zillow house in question had
           | been on the market for almost four months and was in far
           | worse shape.
        
       | CloudYeller wrote:
       | I bet humans could have done a lot better than -$881M, and it
       | wouldn't have been very costly to employ them. How many homes did
       | Zillow iBuy in total, 10-20k? If it takes 5 minutes to evaluate a
       | house, that would be 100,000 minutes, which is ~50 people working
       | full time for a week. Spending $100k on that could have saved
       | 100s of millions, plus it might have generated better training
       | data for the model.
        
       | antidnan wrote:
       | Has anyone seen an analysis of why their pricing models were
       | above market, and/or worse than OpenDoor?
        
         | ccorda wrote:
         | Mike DelPrete has done several:
         | 
         | - https://www.mikedp.com/articles/2021/12/16/opendoor-vs-
         | zillo...
         | 
         | - https://www.mikedp.com/articles/2021/11/3/zillow-exits-
         | ibuyi...
        
       | endisneigh wrote:
       | They should've set it up so you can be sent a set of cameras to
       | put across your house, they photograph and setup a smart lock,
       | etc.
       | 
       | In return people would be able t book a viewing to your house
       | without a buyers agent nor would a sellers agent be involved. Cut
       | both parties out, pass some savings to the buyer and seller and
       | take a large cut.
       | 
       | Everyone wins.
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | Who do you talk to about the listing in this case?
        
       | mistrial9 wrote:
       | I am especially annoyed at Zillow SF holding "Data Science"
       | meetups in San Francisco at the penthouse place, while
       | advertising for TWO data science positions.. meanwhile, frat guys
       | are at the golf course by the dozens, across three states. The
       | people that they hired at that time, probably built this setup
       | exactly as _required_ by the frat guys. Happy banking Zillow!
        
         | mwt wrote:
         | There's some poetry in older banks claiming they're pivoting to
         | being tech companies (i.e. Capital One) while some tech
         | companies are heading straight towards being banks.
        
           | ccvannorman wrote:
           | It was surprising to me to learn that airlines are basically
           | banks
           | 
           | https://www.reddit.com/r/urbanplanning/comments/rgkne9/how_a.
           | ..
        
             | mdaniel wrote:
             | If one enjoys Wendover videos, there was a recent one about
             | that: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ggUduBmvQ_4
        
           | sjroot wrote:
           | Former C1 employee here with a personal opinion. C1 is
           | walking the walk; everyone up to the CEO is very tech-forward
           | (which quite surprised me initially)
        
       | JRKrause wrote:
       | Zillow purchased a home in my neighborhood for $370K, is now
       | trying to sell it for $410K. Prior to this purchase other houses
       | with a larger footprint in our exact same neighborhood were
       | selling for $250K(literally just months before). For some reason
       | zillow chose to pay 100K over what would have been fair value for
       | the house.
        
       | jijji wrote:
       | its easy to lose money if you're buying at retail and then
       | selling at retail... there is really no money to be made in that
       | scenario. I buy and remodel and either sell or rent the houses I
       | aquire, but I do this at drastically reduced rates below retail.
       | IMHO its the only way to buy. Every property I invest in has a
       | problem, which is why the price is so low, alot of times its 10x
       | below retail because of this. The top reasons why a house might
       | have a problem is 1) the owners died and taxes were never paid,
       | 2) the bank (or an individual) foreclosed on it reducing the
       | price, 3) there are leins from the county or federal government
       | that are making the house not sellable or worth nothing as a
       | result, 4) the house has permit or code enforcement issues that
       | the owner cannot resolve on their own ... Anyway, the best way to
       | buy property is this way, and one rule I learned from attending
       | auctions in person along time ago (its mostly online now) was
       | that once the bidding goes above a third of its retail value, I'm
       | out... Because sometimes you may have to invest 10-40k to make a
       | house back to normal, and so paying even half its retail value
       | just makes no sense.
        
       | annoyingnoob wrote:
       | The Zillow properties in my area were all overpriced, they were
       | paying too much. People were happy to sell to Zillow at a
       | premium.
        
       | skrtskrt wrote:
       | Some twitter threads from Zillow insiders I saw around this
       | referenced a couple things:
       | 
       | * the pricing algorithm was good, but the business leadership got
       | hungry and kept overriding it with higher offers in the hunger to
       | do more business.
       | 
       | * they were trying to do so much business that they couldn't
       | source the labor need to flip - painting, landscaping etc. They
       | were so backlogged they were just sitting on houses they overpaid
       | for (due to overriding the algorithm), and the constant cashflow
       | aspect that makes flipping work at scale was destroyed
       | 
       | Matt Levine's take was something like:
       | 
       | if the pricing algorithm is good but it tells you that the flip
       | strategy is only profitable on relatively small number of
       | properties, then it's not profitable at scale cuz you're paying a
       | big engineering team to create, tune and maintain it.
        
         | shp0ngle wrote:
         | Ahh the classic "lose at every sale and make it up in volume"
         | strategy
        
         | dmix wrote:
         | When you hire at a growth rate the workers will find work to do
         | whether or not it helps your business. In this case I could see
         | a bunch of home buyers being hired and justifying their jobs.
        
       | thr0wawayf00 wrote:
       | The scary thing is that it's easy to see how something how like
       | this could drive a market boom and bust cycle. I'm imagining a
       | scenario where two iBuyer companies try to outbid each other
       | algorithmically, driving the prices further and further out of
       | reach of people who are looking for a primary home.
       | 
       | Tangentially related, I talked to a friend who works on
       | geospatial data for one of the big vacation rental companies, and
       | he was remarking how many homes in many desirable areas are now
       | rentals. It's not that uncommon to see nearly entire
       | neighborhoods converted to short term rentals now in some areas
       | where they're still legal. Hearing that really depressed me.
       | 
       | We often talk about automation in terms of replacing various
       | types of labor, but I've become really interested in automation
       | creating adverse market incentives for smaller market
       | participants because that's exactly what buying real estate right
       | now feels like.
       | 
       | It's honestly quite scary how I'm in the top 2% of income earners
       | in my generation and yet I could barely afford to buy a small
       | place in a semi-desirable area. I can easily see myself not being
       | able to compete in algorithmically dominated markets flush with
       | venture cash in the future and I earn more than just about
       | everybody I know today.
        
         | cyberpunk wrote:
         | Yep. You should see the situation in beautiful yet remote
         | places like the Isle of Skye in Scotland or the Outer Hebrides.
         | If you have some land, it's a no brainer to build a holiday
         | rental. A pre-fab will cost you maybe 120k (after the land) and
         | it's k/week or more during peak season to rent it out.
         | 
         | Of course, it means prices are going insane. A complete wreck
         | of a house we were interested in buying and turning into an
         | actual home which I thought would be worth max 200k went for
         | 450, cash, from a buyer who never even saw it.
         | 
         | They'll tear it down, stick a new house on it, and make their
         | investment back in 5 years.
         | 
         | Meanwhile, all the locals kids, go away and don't come back.
         | What is there for them there anymore? Not a lot.
        
         | ddoolin wrote:
         | The problem here is that they were buying the homes at prices
         | above what they would actually sell for to real buyers and
         | Zillow ended up racking up losses in that way. In your scenario
         | in which two iBuyers outbid each other -- fine, but wouldn't
         | the same situation as Zillow's happen? They'd just end up with
         | overpaid inventory.
        
           | mwt wrote:
           | Whether or not the market works itself out later, it puts
           | everything into a weird state while the bidding war is going
           | on. If iBuyer1 and iBuyer2 together buy up the inventory of a
           | zip code for 120% of asking, then what are people who are
           | willing to go to 105% to do? Maybe it just resets the market
           | to whatever the drunken algorithm decided it to be.
        
             | sokoloff wrote:
             | Buy in one of the surrounding zip codes? Wait out the
             | idiots?
        
               | mwt wrote:
               | In a housing bubble, hopping a zip code over isn't always
               | possible.
               | 
               | One can always wait out the market. You could tell me to
               | simply wait for the next housing crash to buy up
               | property, but until that happens, it's not an option.
               | 
               | The whole observation the other person made
               | 
               | > automation creating adverse market incentives for
               | smaller market participants
               | 
               | matters not just in the long-term state but while the
               | adverse conditions exist.
        
             | chii wrote:
             | > who are willing to go to 105% to do?
             | 
             | i too, want to only pay less money than the highest bidder
             | for the mona lisa.
             | 
             | There's no such thing as 105%. By definition, iBuyer paying
             | "120%" is the true 100%. If they overpay, they lose when
             | there's no buyer after them to sell to, and their debt will
             | not be serviceable. At that time, the "105%" buyer could
             | buy at a lower price.
        
         | 999900000999 wrote:
         | Honest to God, the founders of Airbnb should have been sent to
         | prison.
         | 
         | That would have fixed much of this, it's point blank illegal to
         | run a bed and breakfast out of your home. Now if you're my
         | buddy, and you want to slide me $200 to crash at my house for a
         | week that's fine, but if you add technology to it, it ends up
         | destroying entire neighborhoods.
         | 
         | Ride-sharing is a bit different, since I'd argue the reduction
         | in drunk driving deaths more than outweigh any negative side
         | effects. It's amazingly easy to just call an Uber when you've
         | had one too many. Countless lives have been saved already.
        
           | cuteboy19 wrote:
           | > That would have fixed much of this, it's point blank
           | illegal to run a bed and breakfast out of your home.
           | 
           | Why? It's your home, you can do anything in it. Why should
           | you need a license to rent out your own home for a few days?
           | Does it physically destroy neighborhoods or just your
           | perception of it? If so, why should anyone care?
        
             | JustLurking2022 wrote:
             | Last summer in the midst of the pandemic, someone AirBnB'd
             | an empty house a few streets over from us to throw a giant
             | party. I know this because I could hear the music as though
             | I were in a night club from my back yard. There were also
             | cats with out of state plates parked all over the place.
             | Our town is generally fairly lax on laws like noise
             | restrictions, maybe because it's never been an issue and
             | avoids involving the police in squabbles amongst neighbors,
             | so apparently it was legal. Anyway, it was of no benefit to
             | anyone who actually lived in town and a major PITA for
             | everyone living in the surrounding blocks, so I can easily
             | see how residents might choose to outlaw such rentals.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | humanwhosits wrote:
             | > If so, why should anyone care?
             | 
             | It's not about 'why' care, it's about the fact that they
             | already do care enough to have caused regulation.
        
             | mupuff1234 wrote:
             | I think people would be mostly fine with it if it were only
             | "for a few days", but it's not.
        
             | ramesh31 wrote:
             | >Does it physically destroy neighborhoods or just your
             | perception of it?
             | 
             | Yes, it does. People buy homes for more than financial
             | reasons. Living in a community of homeowners with neighbors
             | you've known for years is a completely different experience
             | than living in a revolving door community of renters.
             | There's been a whole decade of news reports about Airbnb
             | ruining neighborhoods and condo buildings, to the point
             | that it's not even worth citing a particular incident.
        
               | cuteboy19 wrote:
               | So we should criminalize perfectly harmless things
               | because it ruins your experience? It doesn't seem logical
        
               | mym1990 wrote:
               | It can't be perfectly harmless if it is ruining someone's
               | experience. Its kind of like urinating in public...maybe
               | it doesn't hurt anyone but it sure does ruin a lot of
               | people's experience...and thus it is criminalized.
        
               | chii wrote:
               | If there were more public toilets, there'd be fewer
               | public urination. The law is there to catch the few that
               | do it.
               | 
               | But if there's tonnes of public urination because there
               | are no public toilets, then even tho the law says no,
               | people are still going to do it. There's a demand to pee
               | that cannot be stopped.
               | 
               | The idea that airbnb should be outlawed is irrelevant -
               | the fact is that there's demand for it. This means
               | there's a lack of short term rentals in the area. The
               | demand must be satisfied, and so the price of it grows.
        
               | cma wrote:
               | Isn't this like saying Walt Disney World shouldn't be
               | able to sell tickets to out-of-staters? State residents
               | who know each other could have a higher chance of running
               | into each other at the park if it wasnt full of out-of-
               | staters, and that could build valuable community.
        
             | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
             | I think it is fine to argue that the current rules about
             | what you can and cannot do within a particular zoning
             | classification are wrong. In the sense that so much US
             | zoning eliminates retail from residential, I would make
             | that argument myself.
             | 
             | However, there _are_ actual rules, the rules exist for a
             | mixture of good and bad reasons, and it has never been true
             | to say  "It's your home, you can do anything in it.".
        
             | itsoktocry wrote:
             | > _Why? It 's your home, you can do anything in it._
             | 
             | No, you aren't free to do "anything" in your home,
             | including provide commercial services if not properly zoned
             | and insured.
             | 
             | > _Why should you need a license to rent out your own home
             | for a few days?_
             | 
             | This is not what's happening in many places. AirBnB went
             | from "a place to crash" to an amateur hotelier platform.
        
             | mywittyname wrote:
             | Because it's the law. Whether or not you agree with the law
             | is irrelevant.
        
               | cuteboy19 wrote:
               | I think most of the answers to my question repeat this
               | assertion, without really answering the "why?" part.
               | 
               | If you are a legalist, a loophole in the law is the law
               | as well. So yes, whether or not you agree with the
               | loophole is irrelevant
        
               | rdtwo wrote:
               | The law only applies to poor people. Rich people can and
               | do ignore laws all the time. When corporations get
               | involved they can just bully around all the local
               | municipalities with size
        
             | 88913527 wrote:
             | Might as well eschew all zoning laws and turn your home
             | into a junkyard or a industrial manufacturing facility by
             | the same rationale: it is your home, after all.
        
             | kuboble wrote:
             | It's because whatever you do in your house is affecting
             | everyone around it. So you making little extra money is
             | taking value away from everyone else in your neighborhood.
             | The fact that you don't know anymore everyone in your block
             | is hugely affecting safety and let alone extremes like your
             | airbnb guests getting loud, throwing trash around, making
             | parties etc.
             | 
             | In my area we have a legal agreement between all apartment
             | owners that things like this are not accepted.
        
             | 999900000999 wrote:
             | Let's take this to the extreme, do you think you have a
             | right to set up a commercial kitchen in your home, and set
             | up patio furniture for random people to show up and order
             | take out?
             | 
             | Don't you see an issue of every single person decides to do
             | this in your neighborhood, traffic being the first thing.
             | 
             | The other issue too, is most people are renting out
             | apartments, and then Airbnbing them. Like, at that point
             | it's not your property, you're just granted temporary
             | permission to use it. Likewise, most condo boards don't
             | want you to use your property as an Airbnb.
        
               | ftyers wrote:
               | This seems to be pretty common where I'm living in Mexico
               | and is also pretty great. But also everywhere is walkable
               | and no one is driving their canyonero to go and pick up
               | tacos.
        
               | BirdieNZ wrote:
               | > Let's take this to the extreme, do you think you have a
               | right to set up a commercial kitchen in your home, and
               | set up patio furniture for random people to show up and
               | order take out?
               | 
               | You can do this in Japan. Why shouldn't you be able to do
               | this?
        
               | 999900000999 wrote:
               | Japan doesn't have nearly as many cars per capita.
               | 
               | Regards you can't just ignore zoning laws because you
               | feel like it.
        
               | wyago wrote:
               | It's a bit strange to give Japan's lower cars per capita
               | as a rationale for this, when surely the reason there are
               | fewer cars per capita is because people have access to
               | their daily necessities without a car _because_ of more
               | permissive zoning.
        
               | BirdieNZ wrote:
               | We could change the zoning laws so that it isn't illegal,
               | though.
               | 
               | One of the ways you can reduce cars is by zoning to allow
               | greater density, which enables forms of transit which are
               | more space-efficient than cars are. It's a chicken and
               | egg problem, but people will be crying out for better
               | cycle ways and trains and buses if housing becomes more
               | dense.
               | 
               | Also, having commercial spread throughout residential
               | areas reduces the amount of travel between areas, because
               | you don't need to go far to get to the amenities you
               | want.
        
               | cuteboy19 wrote:
               | > set up a commercial kitchen in your home, and set up
               | patio furniture for random people to show up and order
               | take out?
               | 
               | This already happens in my country. It's a great way to
               | support entrepreneurship and small businesses. I can't
               | imagine how authoritarian the country must be to
               | criminalize this. Are you living in North Korea or Cuba
               | by any chance
        
               | dataexporter wrote:
               | I'm perplexed to see that you are afraid of random people
               | coming into your neighborhood. In fact I'm more
               | perplexing about the zoning laws in America.
               | 
               | What you mentioned is a very common thing in multiple
               | countries - No one is afraid of random people coming into
               | the neighborhood. (Neither do they all have guns to
               | protect themselves).
        
             | pvarangot wrote:
             | > Why? It's your home, you can do anything in it
             | 
             | You kinda can, but you don't get the type of legal
             | protections a hotel or B&B that plays by the rules has.
             | 
             | Also like it's your home, but it's not your roads, cops,
             | firemen, sewage system, power grid, courts... you wanna use
             | all those services you have to play by their rules and
             | there's a lot of rules and they don't exactly make a lot of
             | sense.
        
             | pfisherman wrote:
             | How would you feel if I paid your next door neighbor to
             | store radioactive waste in their yard? What if I paid them
             | to demolish their home and put up a giant flashing
             | billboard facing your bedroom window?
             | 
             | Do you think it would impact the value of you property? Do
             | you think that would be fair?
             | 
             | People care because it is a matter of justice, which is one
             | of the fundamental precepts of society.
        
               | chii wrote:
               | So what if a NIMBY pays to stop rezoning to high density
               | in their suburb? Isn't it the same then?
        
               | mupuff1234 wrote:
               | If you account for societal benefits and not just the
               | owner's personal gain then I don't think they are the
               | same.
               | 
               | It's really just matter whether you view regulations as
               | legitimate tool to curve/change behaviors that you think
               | are detrimental to society.
        
               | cuteboy19 wrote:
               | Legislating morality has been an utter failure. And here
               | you advocating for legislating not morality but your own
               | personal feelings and experiences. I take an issue with
               | the entitlement that other people should change their
               | behavior to protect your housing prices
        
               | mupuff1234 wrote:
               | I disagree it has been an utter failure, first exmaple
               | that comes to mind is lack of affordable health care in
               | US compared to most western countries, and other less
               | "controversial" examples: child labor and minimum age for
               | marriage.
               | 
               | And no I'm not advocating for anything based on my own
               | personal feelings, but if something is deemed as harmful
               | to society, yes perhaps we need to pass legislation to
               | minimize it.
               | 
               | But also all laws in some way or other are based on
               | morals - who decided that stealing is wrong? Why isn't it
               | just fair use of "free market" of force?
        
           | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
           | > Honest to God, the founders of Airbnb should have been sent
           | to prison.
           | 
           | This isn't how the legal system works.
           | 
           | If something is illegal, and you do it, it doesn't mean you
           | always go to jail.
           | 
           | If something is illegal, and you finance other people doing
           | it, it almost always mean you get a fine.
        
         | javert wrote:
         | It's because US monetary policy has created an enormous
         | transfer of wealth to the wealthy and out of the general
         | economy. They do this by extending credit at low interest rates
         | with the collective understanding that the value of the dollar
         | will continue to be printed away. The wealthy (like me...) buy
         | stuff on credit now and pay it back later with much cheaper
         | future dollars.
         | 
         | COVID threw a wrench in the scheme temporarily and caused a lot
         | of that money to start trickling down, which is why we're
         | seeing wages rise rapidly and high consumer-level inflation.
         | 
         | By the way, bitcoin fixes this.
        
           | notahacker wrote:
           | Ah yes, nothing says egalitarianism quite like the
           | distribution of Bitcoin. Why allow one percenters to borrow
           | money they actually have to reinvest in giving people jobs
           | when we can just give them the printing press?
        
           | colinmhayes wrote:
           | Monetary policy and fiat currency are unequivocally good
           | things. Deflation is what caused the 50 year recession from
           | 1860-1910. Not being able to control inflation leads to mass
           | unemployment.
        
             | javert wrote:
             | My comment explains in detail the specific mechanism I'm
             | concerned about in a way that everyone can understand it.
             | Your comment regurgitates something from a textbook that
             | people have on reason to actually trust. I don't have a
             | problem that you disagree with me. I have a problem that
             | it's an argument from authority.
             | 
             | Also, I wonder if you're conceding that the Fed steals from
             | the economy in general and gives to the super wealthy, and
             | simply think that that's a necessary side effect of having
             | a well-functioning economy. It seems like it.
        
               | tibyat wrote:
        
               | colinmhayes wrote:
               | Bitcoin is not a viable currency. It's value is not
               | anywhere near stable enough. It's honestly incredible
               | that you haven't even thought of the very first problem
               | with using bitcoin as a currency. Yes, the rich abuse the
               | current system. They will do the same with any system.
               | Saying "we shouldn't ensure that our currency has
               | predictable value because that would make the rich even
               | richer" is insane when the rich will be richer no matter
               | what you do.
               | 
               | > I have a problem that it's an argument from authority.
               | 
               | https://danluu.com/cocktail-ideas/ you are the developer
               | who thinks building a bridge is easy. Please just admit
               | that you don't understand what you're talking about.
        
               | javert wrote:
               | > Bitcoin is not a viable currency. It's value is not
               | anywhere near stable enough.
               | 
               | It can't go from zero to stable overnight. It has to
               | start somewhere and gain stability over a long period of
               | time.
               | 
               | > It's honestly incredible that you haven't even thought
               | of the very first problem with using bitcoin as a
               | currency.
               | 
               | You're behaving like a troll. There is an absolutely
               | obvious objection to your prior sentence, but rather than
               | see that, you pretend like it isn't the case, and attack
               | me personally. You don't know me and you don't know my
               | thinking.
               | 
               | You're also behaving as a troll because you've totally
               | changed the topic instead of answering my direct
               | objections to your prior comments.
               | 
               | I'm done talking to you. I assume your next comment will
               | also be trollish, and I hope people see through it. But
               | please just don't answer.
        
               | ipaddr wrote:
               | Wealth and power get transferred over to the blockchain.
               | You end up with the same structures in a less
               | controllable currency.
        
         | closeparen wrote:
         | iBuyers are supposed to be playing a rational strategy over a
         | large portfolio; they pay what they think the house is worth,
         | and unlike an irrational/emotional human who _really wants_
         | that property for his primary home, they have no reason to
         | participate in bidding wars past what they think the house is
         | worth. The the point of the iBuyer is to turn around and unload
         | it after a few weeks or months on someone who wants it for a
         | primary residence; it 's not in their interest to pay more than
         | such a buyer can afford.
         | 
         | People are living longer and tolerating less construction.
         | We're only building or freeing up enough homes in desirable
         | areas to skim the very top of our generation.
        
         | game_the0ry wrote:
         | > Tangentially related, I talked to a friend who works on
         | geospatial data for one of the big vacation rental companies,
         | and he was remarking how many homes in many desirable areas are
         | now rentals. It's not that uncommon to see nearly entire
         | neighborhoods converted to short term rentals now in some areas
         | where they're still legal. Hearing that really depressed me.
         | 
         | Adding to your data points: this is happening in some CA beach
         | communities. Many beachfront homes in Huntington Beach and
         | Newport Beach have been turned into AirBnBs that seem to cater
         | to social media influencers desperate for instagram-able pics.
         | 
         | Some more anecdotal data: I know a couple of people who are
         | professional AirBnB hosts and they're constantly in the market
         | buying real estate to turn them into rentals. They buy cash in
         | the cities I mentioned above, as well as San Diego, Las Vegas,
         | Los Angeles, NYC, Brooklyn, Nashville, Austin, and others. This
         | is a lucrative business, at least for the time being.
        
         | cheriot wrote:
         | > The scary thing is that it's easy to see how something how
         | like this could drive a market boom and bust cycle.
         | 
         | iBuyers don't buy from each other or hold the house for long.
         | As soon as they sell then everyone sees what a market price
         | looks like without them.
         | 
         | > automation creating adverse market incentives
         | 
         | You seem interested in how markets drive outcomes so I'd
         | suggest looking into the effects of residential zoning and
         | other barriers to construction. The US has spent the last 50
         | years coming up with creative excuses to prohibit new housing
         | and it gets more expensive every year. Probably related!
         | 
         | Not the best example, but one I have handy:
         | https://twitter.com/DurhamFella/status/1441808710066577410?s...
        
         | rank0 wrote:
         | I think people should expand what "desirable" means to them.
         | There's a ton of suitable houses all over the country. Everyone
         | seems to need to own a SFH in a trendy part of a trendy city.
        
           | alistairSH wrote:
           | "All over the country" doesn't have good jobs, good schools,
           | access to entertainment, etc.
           | 
           | But, I agree on the SFH part. The expectation that a 3000sqft
           | house on 1/4 acre is the norm is completely unsustainable.
           | Yet that seems to be what many people want. Even in high COL
           | areas where demand and cost should be driving density.
        
             | rank0 wrote:
             | There are absolutely good jobs in every city in America.
             | Entertainment can mean anything...and frankly people should
             | be able to find fun things to do on their own without
             | needing bars, nightclubs, concert venues, etc.
             | 
             | I concede that good schools are a major barrier. I'm young
             | and won't be having children anytime soon so I don't think
             | about it much.
             | 
             | Where I live, the public schools are pretty rough. It's
             | cheaper to stay here and send your kids to private school
             | rather than move to a family dominated neighborhood with
             | excellent public schools.
        
               | alistairSH wrote:
               | Every city, sure, but cities are expensive. Even cities
               | that used to be affordable, like Portland and Austin. But
               | between the cities? Not much. Some small towns might work
               | if you're the town lawyer or MD, but a town can only
               | support so many of those. And if you're an engineer or
               | banker? Not much employment.
        
               | rank0 wrote:
               | Portland and Austin are the very essence of "trendy city"
               | those places are very expensive. I'm not arguing that
               | people move to small towns. There are hundreds of cities
               | in the US with 100,000+ populations (not even including
               | the metro areas). The idea that each of these cities is
               | unaffordable and without a job market is just wrong.
               | 
               | Everyone wants to live in NYC, SF, DC, Miami...etc
               | because the other areas aren't cool enough for them.
        
               | boring_twenties wrote:
               | Not for long. Salt Lake City was one such city just 3-5
               | years ago. Now everything has doubled and it's almost as
               | expensive as the trendier cities, without the higher-
               | paying jobs.
        
               | notreallyserio wrote:
               | Well, you should just lower your standards when it comes
               | to picking a job, too. Maybe you could be a grocery clerk
               | or a gas station attendant?
        
             | sokoloff wrote:
             | Of course that's what people _want_. Because it beats the
             | pants off a 1100 ft^2 condo or apartment with no private
             | yard and shared walls /floors/ceilings in almost every
             | regard of daily, lived experience.
             | 
             | I totally get why people want that; what I don't get is why
             | they can't understand that so many other people also want
             | it that most everyone will have to compromise on some
             | aspect.
        
           | kevingadd wrote:
           | Are there jobs near those houses? Specialist doctors? Good
           | schools?
           | 
           | I WFH so I could probably buy one of those houses, but most
           | of my friends in my age bracket are expected to show up to an
           | office 5 days a week, so those suitable houses are no good
           | for them.
        
             | rank0 wrote:
             | Yeah those are good points. I live in a bit of a bubble
             | where most folks around me either WFH or have to travel to
             | work. There are absolutely "specialist doctors" in every
             | large city though...
        
               | kevingadd wrote:
               | You might be surprised how hard it is to _actually_ find
               | specialists, even in big cities. In the SF bay area for
               | example for a couple different procedures I had done in
               | the last decade there were perhaps 3 specialists in the
               | whole area who could do it, far enough from me that I had
               | to book a hotel room to stay in closer to the facility
               | and avoid 4+ hours of driving.
               | 
               | A family friend was diagnosed with a difficult brain
               | tumor, and to get it removed via a (if memory serves,
               | this was a while ago) gamma knife procedure, he had to
               | drive 6+ hours north from a relatively large mid-
               | california city up to Sacramento because we had one of
               | the only facilities equipped for it there at the time.
               | 
               | In general people often will get transported to other
               | hospitals for treatment, often multiple hours or even
               | across state lines. Now imagine that you have to do this
               | multiple times a month because you moved to a less-urban
               | area due to housing prices...
        
               | giraffe_lady wrote:
               | Is my family there? My church? The park where I learned
               | to play soccer? My daughter's best friend?
               | 
               | When you sit around talking about choice of living area
               | without weighing, or even _acknowledging_ these
               | connections, do you realize how inhuman this sounds? Do
               | you not have similar things binding you to a place?
               | 
               | Shit even specialist doctors, have you ever depended on
               | one? If you're needing long-term specialist care you got
               | some major shit to deal with. Rapport, trust, history
               | with an individual doctor is an important part of that
               | care. And people need care aside from just the doctors.
               | Who is driving you to these appointments, caring for you
               | afterwards? Are they coming to the new city with you?
               | 
               | There are a lot of _things_ in a place you know. You can
               | 't reduce all or really very many of them down to mere
               | transactions in a marketplace.
        
               | rank0 wrote:
               | I feel you. It's horrible if you've grown up somewhere
               | and suddenly can't afford a home in the same spot.
               | 
               | But life's unfair. Houses get sold to the highest bidder.
               | This is what happens when everyone wants to live in the
               | same areas. I'm not arguing that you SHOULDNT be able to
               | afford a home in your preferred spot. I'm observing that
               | it's IMPOSSIBLE for everyone to own property in their
               | preferred spot within their budget.
               | 
               | You can still rent, or buy cheaper homes in cheaper areas
               | in your city.
               | 
               | We can't just will affordable housing into existence when
               | ~97% of people live on ~3% of the land.
        
             | ipaddr wrote:
             | If you work from home you go to good remote schools and see
             | the best doctors remotely.
        
           | jrvarela56 wrote:
           | +1 GP is top 2% of their generation but not necessarily top
           | 2% of the area they're looking into. Sounds fairer when put
           | that way.
        
             | civilized wrote:
             | Yes. The problem is:
             | 
             | 1. A lot of high earners want to cram into a small space
             | 
             | 2. The existing high earners living in that space don't
             | want to allow more built in that space because they like
             | the neighborhood how it is
             | 
             | So all these high earners compete against each other, and
             | houses become as expensive the winning high-earning bidders
             | can afford.
             | 
             | For this to stop happening, #1 or #2 needs to stop. So,
             | either the high earners need to stop cramming into a small
             | space, or policy must be changed so the locals can't stop
             | the growth of housing supply.
             | 
             | (Usually when I've pointed this out in the past, I get
             | mobbed by NIMBYs who insist that growing the housing supply
             | will somehow cause prices to skyrocket even more. There
             | seems to be a widespread NIMBY belief that standard
             | economics doesn't apply to housing, for mysterious reasons
             | that no one ever quite gets around to explaining. It'll be
             | interesting to see if it happens again today.)
        
               | BirdieNZ wrote:
               | Per-unit rent will go down if you increase supply of
               | housing, but the value of the land underneath will go up
               | if you increase the amount of houses allowed to be built
               | on said land. There's one part of "standard economics"
               | that a lot of people forget with property, which is that
               | land in desirable locations is of limited supply and you
               | cannot increase its supply.
               | 
               | Land at the boundaries of a city is not equivalent with
               | land in the centre, because of location value.
               | 
               | I do agree that #2 should stop, but be warned that it
               | doesn't solve land values going sky-high; it actually
               | increases land values. The solution is land value tax, a
               | la Henry George.
        
               | chii wrote:
               | > but the value of the land underneath will go up if you
               | increase the amount of houses allowed to be built on said
               | land.
               | 
               | which is what would incentivize the owner of that land
               | (ostensibly a single family home land owner) to sell and
               | let high density to be built. If the land doesn't
               | increase in value this way, the owner would not have any
               | incentive to sell.
        
               | ipaddr wrote:
               | It can happen because new homes are more expensive.
               | People prefer new and will pay more. That raises the
               | average price which raises prices on the existing supply.
        
               | civilized wrote:
               | Or it lowers price on the existing supply because
               | wealthier buyers are going to the new supply now rather
               | than bidding up the existing supply.
        
           | t-writescode wrote:
           | Not me. I just want mixed residential housing. Yeah, it's not
           | happening because America made that effectively illegal.
           | We're finally rolling some of that back, but it's going to
           | take decades to undo and by that time the shortage will
           | continue.
        
             | rank0 wrote:
             | Sorry man that sucks. I own a property that's effectively a
             | duplex in Atlanta. My buddy owns a duplex in Denver. It's
             | not everywhere that mixed residential homes are banned!
             | 
             | Are you in CA?
        
               | not2b wrote:
               | In California, there's currently a fight between the
               | state government, which wants cities to allow more
               | housing, and local governments, which are opposed to
               | higher density housing because the NIMBYs ("not in my
               | back yard") fight it. The restrictive zoning laws are at
               | the local level, not the state level.
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | > The restrictive zoning laws are at the local level, not
               | the state level.
               | 
               | True, but the restrictive zoning laws are made possible
               | at the state level.
               | 
               | A thread here on HN a few weeks ago mentioned Japan which
               | they described as having basically 5 classifications for
               | "types of things you can do on land you own", ranging
               | from "essentially anything at all" to "notable
               | limitations". Within whatever classification your land is
               | given, you can do whatever you want, local neighborhood
               | be damned.
               | 
               | I don't know if that's an accurate description, but it
               | sounds like a system with a very different set of
               | tradeoffs than the one found across the USA.
        
               | InitialLastName wrote:
               | Normally when people talk about mixed-use development,
               | they are talking about zoning rules that allow
               | residential and commercial use in close proximity, not
               | necessarily about forced single-family use (although that
               | is also an issue in many places).
        
               | rank0 wrote:
               | Ah I see I misunderstood. FWIW though there's businesses
               | scattered all over my neighborhood and seemingly no
               | zoning rules. Lots of folks, especially the ones on this
               | forum, would probably not live in Atlanta simply because
               | of their perception of the city.
        
               | InitialLastName wrote:
               | Atlanta has the advantage of being an old city, relative
               | to the US's history of development. It certainly has its
               | own issues with post-WWII development (especially in its
               | sprawly areas), but the older parts have retained lots of
               | the perks of pre-automobile urbanization.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | janj wrote:
           | I don't understand this comment, maybe you can expand. It
           | makes sense to me that what is desirable for a primary
           | residence would significantly overlap with what is desirable
           | for rental, comfortable space, walkable to a city center,
           | etc. Is your point that people should be more accommodating
           | to the rental market? IMHO I think all cities should strongly
           | regulate what can be a rental and add tax to homes when it is
           | not occupied, prioritizing affordable permanent residence.
           | This isn't just a "trendy city" problem, it's wide spread
           | across the country.
        
             | rank0 wrote:
             | I'm arguing that people should lower their standards. It
             | should be easy to understand that not everyone can afford
             | own property walking distance to the city center.
             | 
             | I fully agree with you on prioritizing primary residence.
        
               | ipaddr wrote:
               | Everyone can with smaller cities. Living in a megacity
               | and expecting it is the problem.
        
               | janj wrote:
               | How big of a city are you talking about? I live in a city
               | of just over 50k and house prices have been an issue for
               | years and keeps getting worse. It's the same for every
               | "city" around this size that I've looked into. I've seen
               | a town with <20k where house prices have more than
               | doubled in the past 2 years. It's a bold statement to say
               | everyone can afford to own a desirable home in even a
               | smaller city.
        
         | lordnacho wrote:
         | This has perplexed me as well. Here in the UK, the top 1% of
         | incomes is PS175K. Assuming the bank lets you borrow 5x, and
         | you're married to someone with a more middling income, you can
         | borrow ~PS1M.
         | 
         | Yet there's a ring around London where it's hard to see any
         | family homes that are under PS1M.
         | 
         | I mean sure maybe they're sitting on equity or mom and dad are
         | contributing, but by my estimation there are a huge number of
         | people who have thrown absolutely everything into owning a
         | home. We'll see how they fare if rates rise.
        
           | newaccount74 wrote:
           | > there are a huge number of people who have thrown
           | absolutely everything into owning a home
           | 
           | I don't know what the situation is like in the UK, but here
           | in Austria banks are really really eager to give people as
           | much money as they'll take.
           | 
           | Getting a mortage that runs 30 years? Sure thing! Why not
           | make it 35 years? 60% of your paycheck goes into mortage? Why
           | not? You have less than 10% of the required amount in cash?
           | Who cares!
           | 
           | The people who are buying homes right now are getting into
           | massive debt, with variable interest rates. If interest rates
           | rise, a lot of home owners won't be able to pay their
           | mortages anymore, and they won't be able to sell because the
           | only reason people can afford these crazy mortages is because
           | the interest rates are so low. It looks like a bubble to me,
           | and the only thing that's redeeming to me is that everyone
           | has an interest in keeping the bubble going.
        
           | sokoloff wrote:
           | What's the top 3% of income of people _who work in London_?
           | It 's probably not "all of the UK" that matters as an income
           | reference, but rather the people who are earning incomes and
           | wanting to live in that area (plus all the people from around
           | the world who would consider buying a house in/near London,
           | but not 100 miles away from London).
        
             | lordnacho wrote:
             | Yeah true, couldn't find London specific stats. Fair guess
             | is that the lions share of UK to earners are based in
             | London.
        
           | twic wrote:
           | > there's a ring around London where it's hard to see any
           | family homes that are under PS1M
           | 
           | If you mean the Stockbroker Belt [1], well, yes.
           | 
           | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockbroker_Belt
        
           | eli wrote:
           | What's the top 1% for net worth though?
        
             | pharmakom wrote:
             | The problem is it is becoming impossible to be self made.
             | Most people buying real estate in south east of UK and
             | London have middling salaries but substantial help from
             | their parents. The working class kid who made it to
             | 70k/year? Tough luck.
        
               | ipaddr wrote:
               | People already made their money in London. Buying a home
               | there means buying into an expensive mature area. Most
               | people buying come from old money or they are over
               | leveraged or foreign sources.
               | 
               | You should try to make some other city into something and
               | buy into their future price increases.
        
           | philjohn wrote:
           | And that's why I live in Rugby.
           | 
           | Large 5 bed detached house in a quiet cul-de-sac, good sized
           | garden, ample parking on the driveway for 4 cars if needed,
           | and well under PS1m.
           | 
           | Train to London Euston takes 49 minutes and whilst the season
           | ticket isn't cheap (nearly PS10k) you're still coming out
           | ahead with the lower cost of living.
        
           | leoedin wrote:
           | I wouldn't underestimate the effect of equity - property
           | prices in London have effectively doubled over the past
           | decade, so there's a lot of people who bought a decade ago
           | sitting on hundreds of PSks of unearned equity. The borrowing
           | limits in the UK (4.5x salary) have quite a lot of headroom
           | before interest rates make them completely unaffordable
           | (assuming there's not a mass reduction in salary at the same
           | time).
        
           | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
           | > We'll see how they fare if rates rise.
           | 
           | They'll be fine. If asset prices go down, rates will go down.
        
           | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
           | Hence the absurd govt-backed "buy-and-rent-to-buy" schemes
           | that the UK has seen showing up over the last decade.
        
           | searchableguy wrote:
           | London is one of the most popular places for people to
           | whitewash their money via real estate.
           | 
           | It doesn't seem surprising.
        
         | screenbreakout wrote:
         | But in a way if the rental prices were to stay reasonable (say
         | it was a non profit running the schtick) isn't a great way for
         | as many people as possible to share a limited ressource? Maybe
         | property is like golden handcuffs, nice but locks you
         | down...again it's more a western thing as we in the east tend
         | to buy cash down... Though I would like to see some company
         | buying out the inner city ground floor space of some of the
         | banks or insurances that ghostify my town and inject some fun
         | rental people instead
        
           | thr0wawayf00 wrote:
           | > But in a way if the rental prices were to stay reasonable
           | 
           | There's zero evidence to believe that this will be the case.
           | I will never trust large multi-family property management
           | companies driven by software to consider keeping rental rates
           | reasonable. That's antithetical to our capitalist system,
           | profit is the one and only goal.
           | 
           | > Maybe property is like golden handcuffs, nice but locks you
           | down...
           | 
           | In terms of utilizing the space, sure. However, buying
           | property has been the primary method of wealth accumulation
           | for most of the country going back the last several decades.
           | Property ownership is also one of the best ways to protect
           | yourself against inflation, which we're all getting serious
           | exposure to. And with the speed at which houses are moving in
           | this market (listings stay up 2-3 days in my area for the
           | most part), property owners aren't very locked down either.
        
             | screenbreakout wrote:
             | "There's zero evidence to believe that this will be the
             | case" Well I guess it depends on the regulatory framework,
             | imo it's the constructor lobbies pushing such a
             | narrative... in more developed societies where cheap labour
             | isn't so available rental has become the norm...of course
             | one could also argue that high real estate prices mean the
             | rich and unscrupulous can hide and flip huge amounts of ill
             | earnt gains... but it doesn't have to be so... Are there
             | housing cooperatives in the
             | US?https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Housing_cooperative
        
         | conanbatt wrote:
         | > rther and further out of reach of people who are looking for
         | a primary home.
         | 
         | This happens to all assets all the time. When it rains,
         | umbrellas go up in price. Companies competing with this and
         | failing is only a transfer of wealth between VC's and
         | homeowners. You don't need to ascribe a moral sentiment to that
         | transfer, its just what it is.
         | 
         | If the prices then bust afterward, then homeowners that sold
         | won, the ones that stayed didnt take advantage of the
         | opportunity, and home buyers lost at the high and will win at
         | the bottom. Like in any other price fluctuation!
        
         | bufferoverflow wrote:
         | It's "easy to see" if you don't do any math. US real estate
         | market is around ~$200 billion. That $0.881 billion of zillow
         | is a rounding error.
        
         | Melatonic wrote:
         | Keep in mind you also will not (for now at least) have to spend
         | a ridiculous amount on interest like many people did before
         | you.
         | 
         | It is going to get interesting when the millennial generation
         | suddenly starts mass inheriting baby boomer houses - not sure
         | how that is going to play out honestly.
        
         | haroldp wrote:
         | > I'm imagining a scenario where two iBuyer companies try to
         | outbid each other algorithmically, driving the prices further
         | and further out of reach of people who are looking for a
         | primary home.
         | 
         | But iBuyers are always low-balling. They are bidding under the
         | asking price with an all-cash offer that they hope will make up
         | in speed and ease what it lacks in price.
         | 
         | > It's not that uncommon to see nearly entire neighborhoods
         | converted to short term rentals now in some areas where they're
         | still legal. Hearing that really depressed me.
         | 
         | I lived in Lake Tahoe for ten years before AirBnB was a thing
         | and three out of four homes there were absentee owners that
         | only used them a few weeks a year. It made it a very hard place
         | for small businesses to stay afloat. Most visitors stayed at
         | big hotels or paid huge premiums for ad hoc "cabin rentals"
         | through local realtors. The most depressing part was Halloween
         | - kids hiking up and down steep hills to mostly empty houses.
         | :)
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | >But iBuyers are always low-balling. They are bidding under
           | the asking price with an all-cash offer that they hope will
           | make up in speed and ease what it lacks in price.
           | 
           | But is asking price "market" price. As in does the seller
           | price a 10-20% premium calculating this. Always easier to
           | negotiate down than up.
        
           | uncomputation wrote:
           | > iBuyers are always low-balling
           | 
           | Low-balling according to their _own estimate_ (Zestimate)
           | with imperfect knowledge. If this Zestimate overvalues a
           | house, but the iBuyers assume "we are low-balling anyways,"
           | they may find themselves in an iBidding war ending in the
           | winner's curse: whoever pays the most for the overvalued
           | house wins.
           | 
           | Not a problem though right? They overvalue some, undervalue
           | others, it evens out. But, as the article points out, the
           | nature of this algorithmic buying is that the iBuyers will
           | only - or at least predominantly - end up with the houses
           | they overpaid for or got only a slightly good deal on because
           | many sellers will be willing to take longer for a better
           | deal. The end result is very thin margins or, as seen with
           | Zillow, substantial losses as they hold a lot of lemons.
        
             | not2b wrote:
             | Yes, that's exactly it. The "Zestimate" is often way off,
             | and the owner knows a lot more about it than Zillow does.
             | If the Zestimate price is lower than the buyer thinks they
             | can get, they won't take the offer. If the Zestimate price
             | ignores the run-down condition of the house or other issues
             | Zillow missed, they snap that up. So Zillow mostly wound up
             | with the homes that they overvalued.
        
           | duck wrote:
           | Are you saying AirBnB fixed all this? I don't see them
           | renting much in late October nor passing out candy.
        
             | pigscantfly wrote:
             | No, they're saying the problem existed before AirBnB.
        
           | pge wrote:
           | Zillow wasn't pursuing the strategy of a traditional iBuyer,
           | which as you note is to lowball. Zillow thought they were
           | providing a service of market-making and didn't consider the
           | risks (I still don't see why it wasn't obvious to them...).
           | If they offered some discount from the Zestimate, that would
           | have been a lot smarter, but it would have undermined their
           | goal of making a market, as well as undermining the very
           | concept of the Zestimate (if Zillow says my house is worth X,
           | why are they offering me 80% of X?). The alternative would be
           | to appraise each house in person instead of basing the
           | purchase price on the Zestimate, but that wouldn't scale.
        
             | runeks wrote:
             | > if Zillow says my house is worth X, why are they offering
             | me 80% of X?
             | 
             | Because they want to make money. Which they can't by buying
             | for X and then selling for X.
        
         | colordrops wrote:
         | Sounds like a good sci-fi story... Rebellion against the AI
         | landlords.
        
         | Aunche wrote:
         | We need a land value tax or at the very least higher property
         | taxes. That would disincentivize people from speculating into
         | housing. It's no surprise that cities with the highest home
         | prices have some of the lowest effective property tax rates.
        
         | soggybutter wrote:
         | Top 2% puts you fairly deep into the six figures, no? I've not
         | even surpassed top 10% and haven't had too much issue getting
         | into 2 homes in the last 3 years. Both in areas I would
         | consider "semi-desirable", which leaves me wondering what
         | exactly do other folks consider "semi-desirable"? Unless of
         | course you mean buying a home outright, in which case this
         | makes total sense
        
           | chii wrote:
           | top % income earners aren't the top wealth owners. One should
           | examine the rate of wealth growth (not just via income, but
           | via other forms of gains, such as capital gains and business
           | income). I bet you will find that the top 2% income earners
           | are barely even the top 50% wealth gainers that year.
        
         | username_my1 wrote:
         | The problem is not about homes being overpriced.
         | 
         | The truth is that there is much much much more money in the
         | middle class globally (almost 3x that of 2000) and on top of
         | that the normal inflation, and freezing of supply.
         | 
         | As long as "desirable location" stay the same, and the amount
         | of people affording it growing so significantly. The
         | expectation of being able to afford one is a strange one.
         | 
         | See https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/world-reimagined%3A-the-
         | rise...
        
         | a1pulley wrote:
         | > It's honestly quite scary how I'm in the top 2% of income
         | earners in my generation and yet I could barely afford to buy a
         | small place in a semi-desirable area. I can easily see myself
         | not being able to compete in algorithmically dominated markets
         | flush with venture cash in the future and I earn more than just
         | about everybody I know today.
         | 
         | A thought exercise: suppose that no new houses are ever built
         | and that housing turnover is nearly zero. What happens to the
         | price of housing in that limit? Market forces do not
         | necessarily entitle the top n% of the income distribution to
         | housing.
         | 
         | I was a bit cynical about this too: I live in Los Angeles,
         | where a "small place in semi-desirable area" gets listed for
         | 1.5M and goes for nearly 2M. I'm somewhere in the top 5% of
         | earners in California, but that $2M 1950s tract housing would
         | be >50% of my post-tax income.
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | > What happens to the price of housing in that limit?
           | 
           | The price continues to reflect the supply and demand of the
           | houses. You're either lucky to inherit the land, or you earn
           | enough to outbid others for it. It might even be impossible
           | to outbid those who are bringing inherited wealth to the
           | table.
           | 
           | It might become a transient community, where you work and
           | save and then leave to settle somewhere else.
        
           | tshaddox wrote:
           | > A thought exercise: suppose that no new houses are ever
           | built and that housing turnover is nearly zero. What happens
           | to the price of housing in that limit? Market forces do not
           | necessarily entitle the top n% of the income distribution to
           | housing.
           | 
           | I don't think it's disturbing because "clearly the top 2% of
           | income earners should be entitled to housing," but because
           | _clearly everyone needs housing, and if the top 2% of earners
           | can 't even afford it, that means it's even worse for
           | everyone else_.
        
             | qeternity wrote:
             | The reality that almost never gets brought up is that the
             | other side of the coin is that these are natural pressures
             | that are probably healthy.
             | 
             | We know that any given habitat, like the Earth, has finite
             | resources and has some upper bound to supporting life. This
             | is how those pressures manifest. We can't just keep growing
             | the population and have everything be affordable. Surging
             | food, energy and housing prices are the first feedback
             | mechanism in this process.
             | 
             | If everybody can afford everything forever, we get infinite
             | population growth.
        
               | ohgodplsno wrote:
               | People not being able to own homes is not "healthy".
               | Having to pay 50% of your salary to landlords is not
               | "healthy". It is concentration of wealth, it is the very
               | definition of precarity. Unless your hope is to see a
               | collapse of societies, things go really bad when people
               | can't afford fundamental needs.
        
               | qeternity wrote:
               | You replied without understanding my comment. Let me pose
               | the question back to you: if everyone can comfortably
               | afford food, housing and basic necessities, what is going
               | to cause population growth to level off?
               | 
               | Your characterization of bad things happening is exactly
               | my point - you're just failing to understand that I'm
               | saying that's the healthy part.
        
               | ohgodplsno wrote:
               | As the other response to you shows, you're the one
               | missing the point. Population growth massively slows down
               | the more your basic needs are met. Countries that have
               | high children counts are countries where the solution to
               | actually reaching wealth is multiplying until few of them
               | die, or one of them ends up making a lot of money
               | (relative to the country they live in).
        
               | orangecat wrote:
               | _if everyone can comfortably afford food, housing and
               | basic necessities, what is going to cause population
               | growth to level off?_
               | 
               | This is exactly backwards; both across and within
               | countries, richer people have fewer children.
        
             | a1pulley wrote:
             | Owning and having are not the same thing: you can have
             | housing while renting it, receiving it as a gift from
             | parents or your spouse, etc.
        
           | thebean11 wrote:
           | > suppose that no new houses are ever built
           | 
           | Why would you suppose that? I don't really see what you're
           | getting at, that's a very unintuitive assumption; it
           | shouldn't happen if market forces are allowed to run their
           | course.
        
             | wyago wrote:
             | Likewise, why would you suppose that market forces are
             | running their course?
        
             | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
             | New _afordable_ housing isn 't built. Everything is
             | "luxury" so that developers can maximize profit. When
             | someone tries to build affordable duplexes the NIMBYs say
             | not in my town.
        
               | el-salvador wrote:
               | One trick they use in my country is adding a pool to
               | apartment buildings.
               | 
               | The pools are unused most of the time, but having a pool
               | in the building increases the value estimated by property
               | appraisals' checklists.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | Even luxury units add supply to the middle and affordable
               | parts of the housing stock. Today's luxury units are
               | often bought and moved into by someone moving up from a
               | mid-market place, the buyer of which is likely moving up
               | from a 25 year old now affordable place.
               | 
               | (Alternately, if no luxury unit is built, many of those
               | buyers will be forced to buy the best-of-the-rest if they
               | want to move in, putting more pressure on the middle,
               | which in turn puts pressure on the affordable.)
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | ffwszgf wrote:
               | Isn't luxury the only thing that's even allowed to be
               | built in most NIMBY cities? Try building large "market-
               | rate" housing in Palo Alto and see what happens (even
               | within the confines of their already ridiculous zoning
               | laws).
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | It's luxury almost everywhere.
               | 
               | The only place cheaper housing is being built are in
               | developments on the far outer suburbs of flyover cities.
               | But even those builders are having trouble with supplies
               | and labor.
        
               | mirntyfirty wrote:
               | I think many things are intentionally mislabeled as
               | "luxury". One can buy a simple refrigerator from Best Buy
               | and claim that it's stainless. I've seen listings brag
               | about how the place has a Nest thermostat.
        
             | a1pulley wrote:
             | I was trying to draw attention to the fact that "I'm in the
             | top 2% of earners but I can't afford a house" isn't
             | surprising when legislative factors make it hard to add
             | housing stock, when turnover is low, and when there's net
             | population inflow.
             | 
             | My supposition was intentionally exaggerated to clarify
             | what happens when you don't build enough housing: not to be
             | pedantic, but understanding what happens in "extreme cases"
             | is a common technique in math and physics to understand
             | what happens in more common ones.
        
             | georgeecollins wrote:
             | >> it shouldn't happen if market forces are allowed to run
             | their course.
             | 
             | Apparently you haven't met my neighbors.
        
           | aksss wrote:
           | Sounds like the logical thing to do is start desiring a
           | different place with sounder housing/zoning policy. Voting
           | with your feet is a thing when you can't win at the ballot
           | box.
        
             | coryrc wrote:
             | I think this is another large flaw in our voting system,
             | where things are too local (like zoning). You get a small
             | community of rich people in Berkeley block any new housing,
             | and you want to live there but have no influence on the
             | zoning laws.
             | 
             | Japan's zoning is national and doesn't have this problem.
             | Thus Tokyo is far more affordable than San Francisco,
             | Mountain View, etc.
        
           | ryandrake wrote:
           | > > It's honestly quite scary how I'm in the top 2% of income
           | earners in my generation and yet I could barely afford to buy
           | a small place
           | 
           | > I live in Los Angeles, where a "small place in semi-
           | desirable area" gets listed for 1.5M and goes for nearly 2M.
           | I'm somewhere in the top 5% of earners in California, but
           | that $2M 1950s tract housing would be >50% of my post-tax
           | income.
           | 
           | I think the obvious answer here is that people in the top 2%
           | or top 5% are not buying houses... It's the people in the top
           | 0.1%. Last time I was home shopping, we were regularly outbid
           | by all-cash offers of 50%-100% over asking price, no
           | contingencies. These competing bidders are not teachers and
           | nurses. They're not even high-paid tech employees. Do you
           | really think a Senior Software Engineer at Microsoft has
           | $2.5M in cash sitting in his checking account to buy a home?
           | No way. These are all businesses, investors, serial landlords
           | buying their 60th house, hedge funds, 0.1% wealthy people--
           | that's who's buying all these houses. Not us.
        
             | rdtwo wrote:
             | You don't need a lot of there is only one decent house a
             | week for an entire metro of 2-3m people somebody has a rich
             | uncle, a heloc or some windfall earnings they can lean on
             | to make it happen
        
             | nunez wrote:
             | but what about all-cash mortgage lending services and
             | margin loans?
        
             | jurassic wrote:
             | > Do you really think a Senior Software Engineer at
             | Microsoft has $2.5M in cash sitting in his checking account
             | to buy a home? No way.
             | 
             | It's not common, but definitely possible. E.g. if you were
             | part of an acquihire. Or just got lucky somehow. I know a
             | senior with a crypto portfolio worth more than that because
             | he dropped a few thousand into bitcoin in the very early
             | days.
        
             | tomrod wrote:
             | Agreed with your analysis, and add previous homeowners who
             | can sell quickly and are making the cash from the equity.
        
             | lubesGordi wrote:
             | I'm under the impression that 'cash offer' just means that
             | whoever is buying has already secured their financing. That
             | means there's almost no risk of the deal falling through
             | and the sale can go from contingent to pending immediately.
             | This is better for the buyer because they sell faster.
             | Senior software eng at microsoft can pull this off no
             | problem (no one is buying a house with cash in their bank,
             | not even rich people).
        
               | dangrossman wrote:
               | > no one is buying a house with cash in their bank, not
               | even rich people
               | 
               | That's how I bought my house, and I earn less as a
               | solopreneur than many FAANG employees in this community.
               | My "cash offer" came with the standard proof of funds: a
               | piece of paper the local Wells Fargo branch printed for
               | me on their letterhead that said I have an $X balance as
               | of that date, where $X was greater than the price I was
               | offering for the house. I walked into the same branch and
               | wired that cash to an escrow company a few days before
               | closing.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | sib wrote:
               | No, there's still a distinction. Secured financing can
               | still fall through.
        
               | karpierz wrote:
               | It means that they aren't using a mortgage to buy it. If
               | there's a mortgage involved, then the offer becomes
               | contingent on the bank's due diligence which can cause
               | the deal to fall through in a variety of ways.
               | 
               | For example: the bank will only loan you money up to the
               | appraised value of the home, which is done after the deal
               | is signed (banks won't send an appraiser to every house
               | you make an offer on). If the appraiser says the house is
               | worth 500K and you bid 800K, you need to find 300K some
               | other way (usually cash) or the deal falls through.
        
               | dyu wrote:
               | While it is true cash offers in the strict sense mean
               | real cash, it may also mean no-contingency offers. You
               | can go through mortgage underwriting first and commit to
               | pay the gap between appraised value and deal value, and
               | can make a no-contingency offer with minimum risk. Or, if
               | you are willing to lose your deposit (usually 3-5%) you
               | can also make a no-contingency offer to be more
               | attractive.
        
               | karpierz wrote:
               | > You can go through mortgage underwriting first and
               | commit to pay the gap between appraised value and deal
               | value, and can make a no-contingency offer with minimum
               | risk.
               | 
               | Of course, but unless the amount you commit to bridge is
               | unbounded, you're still contingent in appraisal price.
               | And if you did commit to that, you're just making a cash
               | offer with extra steps.
               | 
               | Deposits in my experience are token (around 2%). And
               | usually sellers will verify that you have the cash on
               | hand for no-contingency offers, since 2% is not worth
               | waiting and then redoing the house selling process.
        
               | jjav wrote:
               | No, cash offer means actually pay it cash. If there's any
               | kind of financing involved, the bank will need to approve
               | the purchase, slowing down the process, which is what a
               | cash offer bypasses.
               | 
               | > no one is buying a house with cash in their bank, not
               | even rich people
               | 
               | They most certainly are. Tons of real estate sales here
               | (Silicon Valley) are all-cash because the other people
               | making offers are also all-cash, so the only way to make
               | a competitive offer is if it is all-cash.
               | 
               | So regular people who need a mortgage are completely shut
               | out of the market.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | > If there's any kind of financing involved, the bank
               | will need to approve the purchase, slowing down the
               | process, which is what a cash offer bypasses.
               | 
               | That's not "already secured" then, is it?
        
               | jjav wrote:
               | Correct. But the point was that if you're getting
               | financing from an institution, there is no such thing as
               | secured, before they evalute the house and the offer.
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | Your impression is wrong. "Cash offer" means there is no
               | 3rd party loan involved. Obviously, if someone's aunt is
               | lending the buyer money, nobody is going to catch that.
               | But "cash offer" absolutely does not mean "secured
               | financing".
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | It means they have cash in a bank account ready to go.
               | Maybe they took out a loan against other assets to obtain
               | the cash, but a "cash offer" is literally the person is
               | handing over a cashier's check at closing.
               | 
               | This means there is 0% chance of the deal falling
               | through. Not almost no risk, none at all. Failure to
               | follow through with the deal would be breach of contract
               | and the buyer is liable for damages, up-to-and-including,
               | being forced to hand over the money for the house.
        
             | a1pulley wrote:
             | To be fair, it's doable as a senior or staff engineer at a
             | big company earning 300 to 500k/yr. I'm (lucky enough to
             | be) in that range and qualified for a $1.5M loan. Combined
             | with 500k for a down payment, you can see how those $2M
             | houses are technically affordable. For now.
             | 
             | Income data always lags reality by a couple of years: in my
             | experience, a lot of people have a lot more money than
             | you'd think. The winners of the eight purchases I've
             | attempted have been young dual income professional
             | families.
        
               | galangalalgol wrote:
               | I'm a senior staff engineer with 20+ years of c++
               | experience and I make less than 200k even after stocks
               | and bonuses. But I live in a part of the US where that
               | gets me an almost 4000 square foot home within walking
               | distance to nightlife and a short bike to a downtown with
               | highrises and art museums and orchestras and operas. The
               | weather is horrible swinging over 115 degrees over the
               | course of a year, but right now it's wonderful out.
               | Redefine what semi-desirable means. Yes I'd love to walk
               | out my back door and dig clams or pull in a haul of crabs
               | to cook on the beach, but putting all of us on a coast
               | won't work. Also with a couple of exceptions in the
               | Pacific Northwest climate change will hit the coasts
               | hard. Cramming us all into condos on those few stretches
               | of protected beach is even less feasible. Mountains will
               | be somewhat less impacted, ski resort areas will expand
               | and continue their price growth. But everyone moving
               | there isn't really any more feasible long term.
        
         | runeks wrote:
         | > I'm imagining a scenario where two iBuyer companies try to
         | outbid each other algorithmically, driving the prices further
         | and further out of reach of people who are looking for a
         | primary home.
         | 
         | That's not how market making works. Market makers don't consume
         | other peoples' orders, which is required to push up the asked
         | price or down the bid price.
         | 
         | Market making is effectively (1) observing that the market is
         | currently willing to buy some asset at the price A and sell it
         | at the price B (where A < B) and then (2) simultaneously
         | submitting a buy order at price A1 (where A1 > A) and a sell
         | order at price B1 (where B1 < B). Thus the market maker reduces
         | the difference between the buy price and sell price (the
         | "spread").
        
         | bloqs wrote:
         | Fundamentally, NIMBYism and dysfunctional thinking drives this,
         | homes cannot both be affordable and a sure good investment as a
         | matter of definition
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | I would imagine if your algorithm was anything but the most
         | simplest it could check for this. Having some check like "What
         | is the median income among the workforce" and to not bid above
         | a certain amount relative to that will help prevent overbidding
         | on a house that no one in the area can realistically afford,
         | short of bots.
        
         | kortilla wrote:
         | > entire neighborhoods converted to short term rentals now in
         | some areas where they're still legal. Hearing that really
         | depressed me.
         | 
         | Why? It makes me happy that more people get to enjoy a
         | desirable area rather than using the law to keep them out.
        
         | BeetleB wrote:
         | > It's honestly quite scary how I'm in the top 2% of income
         | earners in my generation and yet I could barely afford to buy a
         | small place in a semi-desirable area.
         | 
         | Top 5% puts you at over $300K/year. Top 2% is much higher.
         | 
         | Even a top 5% person can easily afford a house in _any_ semi-
         | desirable city. LA, Bay Area are not semi-desirable. They are
         | highly desirable.
        
           | jjcon wrote:
           | They did say in their generation which could basically mean
           | anything at that point
        
         | mywittyname wrote:
         | > The scary thing is that it's easy to see how something how
         | like this could drive a market boom and bust cycle.
         | 
         | It would take a lot more than a billion dollars to make a dent
         | in the national housing market. Total housing sales in Feb22
         | amounted to $161 billion.
         | 
         | That's enough to make a temporary splash in a rural market, but
         | Zillow would need to spend 100x more than what they lost to
         | even move the needle. And spend 10000x as much to really drive
         | a boom/bust cycle nationally.
        
         | MuffinFlavored wrote:
         | > I'm imagining a scenario where two iBuyer companies try to
         | outbid each other algorithmically, driving the prices further
         | and further out of reach of people who are looking for a
         | primary home.
         | 
         | This is just my personal anecdote but... I'm pretty sure when I
         | was rushing to show up to "new listings" on the weekends and
         | waiting in line for 10-40 families to get a walkthrough "open
         | house" wise, I feel like the sellers were going to pick a
         | family that showed up over a Zillow website. What % of closed
         | houses were being bought by families instead of "iBuyers" as
         | you said it?
        
         | IAmGraydon wrote:
         | You honestly think 2 iBuyer companies would have the liquidity
         | to move the entire housing market? I don't think you understand
         | the size of the US housing market.
         | 
         | If you're in the top 2% of earners and can't buy a home, you
         | either live in a ridiculously expensive city (outlier) or have
         | a money management issue.
        
         | runamok wrote:
         | Cities can regulate this. Recent example in San Diego:
         | https://www.nbcsandiego.com/news/politics/san-diego-mayor-si...
        
         | mdavis6890 wrote:
         | " The scary thing is that it's easy to see how something how
         | like this could drive a market boom and bust cycle."
         | 
         | The opposite really. Speculators do their best to buy low which
         | pushes the price back up toward the mean in the aggregate, and
         | sell high, which pushes it back down toward the mean.
         | 
         | Speculation is a stabilizing force overall.
         | 
         | The boom and bust cycle in real estate is very real, but driven
         | by other things.
        
           | chii wrote:
           | > Speculation is a stabilizing force overall.
           | 
           | a sophisticated speculator is.
           | 
           | an unsophisticated speculator is actually destabilizing,
           | because they might incorrectly speculate capital (that they
           | cannot really afford), causing a loss in market efficiency in
           | allocating capital to where it's needed.
           | 
           | The 2008 GFC is in part caused by unsophisticated speculators
           | (home buyers) to speculate on property. Initially they saw
           | some good profits, which lead to even more unsophisticated
           | people to try get in on the game (and the banks happily
           | obliged).
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | One can blame Airbnb, Zillow or whoever else, but the truth is
         | that speculation in real estate and vacation towns have both
         | been a thing for a very long time. If the population rises and
         | we refuse to build more houses, the existing ones will get more
         | expensive no matter what. The solution is out there in front of
         | us but everyone prefers to dance around it.
        
           | rrrrrrrrrrrryan wrote:
           | > One can blame Airbnb, but > speculation in ... vacation
           | towns [has] been a thing for a very long time. > the existing
           | [houses] will get more expensive no matter what.
           | 
           | In vacation towns, the issue is that tourists are flooding
           | out of hotels, and into livable dwellings.
           | 
           | Our hotel vacancy rates are rising just as fast as our home
           | prices.
           | 
           | Perhaps the solution is tearing down hotels and building
           | high-rise apartments in their stead, but it seems a bit
           | wasteful compared to the alternative (regulating and taxing
           | Airbnbs to nudge tourists back into the hotels designed for
           | them).
        
             | margalabargala wrote:
             | On some level, this is hotels failing to compete. If I look
             | up both airbnbs and hotels in a popular vacation town
             | (randomly using Big Sky, MT, april 18-20, for this example)
             | then I see hotels and airbnbs in similar locations, and at
             | similar price points. However, there are airbnbs cheaper
             | than the cheapest hotels, and they have a number of
             | amenities that no hotels offer- notably, a washer/dryer in-
             | unit, a full kitchen, and multiple actual rooms.
             | 
             | Given the same nightly price, who would choose a minimal
             | pared-down hotel room over an entire furnished condominium?
        
           | wpietri wrote:
           | Agreed, but there are big structural barriers. We generally
           | want necessary goods to have stable or decreasing prices over
           | time. But in America, we encourage home ownership as an
           | investment. For many, their biggest investment. That creates
           | a big constituency who want housing prices to go up. But we
           | also want people, especially those just starting out, to have
           | affordable housing.
           | 
           | We can't have housing be both affordable and a good long-term
           | investment. We need to pick. And given increasing prices and
           | how 65% of Americans are howmeowners, I think we already did.
        
           | voidfunc wrote:
           | Nobody is dancing around anything. We need to stop pretending
           | its ignorance driving the housing bubble. The problem is real
           | estate is treated as an investment and in many cases the most
           | important investment for ordinary people. More housing works
           | against their interests.
        
           | c-linkage wrote:
           | Change the word "house" to "car" and I think the problem
           | becomes not-so obvious.
           | 
           | It's often bemoaned that personal cars are a waste of money
           | and space: they sit idle most of the time, we have to build
           | parking lots to accommodate them and that takes space. It
           | would be so much better if we could just hire cars on demand!
           | But this doesn't scale because the demand is not spread out
           | during the day -- absent carpooling, you still need one car
           | per person twice a day, meaning the supposed savings don't
           | exist.
           | 
           | The same could be said for housing. If I'm at work all day,
           | then my house is sitting idle (it's not housing anyone) and
           | it takes up space. Why not let someone live in my house while
           | I'm at work? This also doesn't scale but for a different
           | reason: we all work during the day (excluding night-shift
           | workers) so at night we still need one house per person
           | (ignoring families, stretching the metaphor a bit).
           | 
           | Now add "vacation homes" into the mix, now you're looking at
           | ~20% of housing (calculated from empirical analysis) in any
           | vacation hot-spots being rental properties. This means that
           | 20% of the existing housing that could be available for
           | permanent residents is missing.
           | 
           | Saying "just build more housing" is just not realistic. 20%
           | more housing is a ludicrous amount of housing!
           | 
           | Hotels, on the whole, are much more economical in space
           | utilization because people who are going on vacation do not
           | vacation to _visit a home_. They go to do things in the place
           | they are visiting and are thus _not at home_.
        
             | moltke wrote:
             | Maybe stop bringing in a million people a year.
        
             | jacobr1 wrote:
             | We take two types of vacations: 1) foreign travel where we
             | are constantly on the go visiting new places and 2) home
             | rentals with extended family.
             | 
             | For the second category usually it is the beach, but
             | sometimes in the mountains or other area. We tend to get
             | 10-15 members of our extended family and friends and the
             | activities often include making food communally, playing
             | games, moving between the house and walking distance
             | activity like the shore, even napping. The house very much
             | gets used and isn't just a place to sleep.
        
             | iso1631 wrote:
             | > But this doesn't scale because the demand is not spread
             | out during the day -- absent carpooling, you still need one
             | car per person twice a day, meaning the supposed savings
             | don't exist.
             | 
             | Very rare for my neighbour to be using her car at the same
             | time I use my car. Not every car driver commutes 5 days a
             | week 9-5.
             | 
             | I work from home, have done for years, my neighbour is
             | retired.
             | 
             | I guarantee in my village there will be at least 10 unused
             | cars at any point during the year, probably nearer 50.
             | There certainly aren't that many empty houses
        
           | sudosysgen wrote:
           | Prices have increased tremendously _even in cities with
           | stagnant population_. It 's not just pure supply and demand -
           | real estate has a tendency to occupy enough of income in a
           | given area so that the lower paid cannot afford it.
        
           | bitlax wrote:
           | Well, there are two solutions.
        
             | moffkalast wrote:
             | True, we could lower the population back down by exiling
             | real estate agents.
        
           | jliptzin wrote:
           | There's even lower hanging fruit than that. I have a 6
           | bedroom house, but local regulations state that I am not
           | allowed to live with more than 2 people unrelated to me.
           | Plenty of parking, tons of people looking for housing, but
           | legally I am forced to keep 3 bedrooms empty.
        
             | devoutsalsa wrote:
             | House Hacking, Extreme Edition: legally adopting your
             | roommates.
        
             | dopamean wrote:
             | Is this in the US? I've never heard of this before and am
             | curious to learn more. It sounds like something that is
             | nearly unenforceable.
        
               | zo1 wrote:
               | It doesn't have to be enforceable. But as soon as you do
               | this, any potential hiccup like having to evict tenants
               | or go to court for anything minor, and the state/police
               | find out about your little "unenforceable" violation.
        
               | notch656a wrote:
               | People on AirBnB generally are not 'tenants' and kicking
               | them out is as easy as trespassing them, optionally with
               | a Sheriff if they refuse to leave. You're reading way to
               | much into Sheriff Bill worrying about what's happening.
               | The AirBnB side is typically a civil matter.
        
             | MattSayar wrote:
             | But what does enforcement look like?
        
             | adflux wrote:
             | Good point, never thought about that. Here in the
             | Netherlands, it used to be "common" to house other people
             | than your direct family for some time, e.g. during harvest
             | season.
        
             | danans wrote:
             | What a terrible policy. Do you mind sharing where this is?
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | delusional wrote:
             | Why do you have a 6 bedroom house if you only need 3
             | bedrooms?
             | 
             | It sounds like you're annoyed that you can't turn a profit
             | on your 3 bedrooms and the housing problem is really a
             | tangential concern.
        
             | paxys wrote:
             | Agreed. Heck I know several people who prefer to keep their
             | condos/houses empty rather than rent them out at market
             | rate because of 100% tenant friendly city and state laws.
             | Someone can move in and refuse to pay rent, refuse to
             | leave, use your house as a drug den, destroy your property
             | and lots more, and you can do _nothing_ about it. At that
             | point the city is just incentivizing homeowners to
             | contribute to the housing crisis.
        
               | flir wrote:
               | Sounds like those places need a land value tax, too.
        
               | tristor wrote:
               | > prefer to keep their condos/houses empty rather than
               | rent them out at market rate because of 100% tenant
               | friendly city and state laws. Someone can move in and
               | refuse to pay rent, refuse to leave, use your house as a
               | drug den, destroy your property and lots more, and you
               | can do nothing about it.
               | 
               | I'm in this situation right now. The only way I'll rent
               | it out is if I personally know the tenant and their
               | personal character. Otherwise, I'd rather leave the
               | property empty. I didn't buy it as a rental, rather I
               | paid off my primary residence and then had to move, so
               | just kept it. I don't want to go outside the law, but
               | that would be my only option as a landlord if someone
               | tried to abuse me/my property, since the law offers me no
               | meaningful protection. To avoid that liability, I simply
               | don't rent.
        
               | schrijver wrote:
               | This is so alien to me. Why don't you sell the place?
               | Staying the owner of this place makes it so that you
               | can't spend your money tied up in this house, and this
               | house can't provide its roof to someone. Seems like both
               | of you loose.
        
               | jjav wrote:
               | > This is so alien to me. Why don't you sell the place?
               | 
               | Selling might trigger a very large tax liability,
               | depending on original cost vs. current price. When that
               | is the case, it's better to keep it in case you might
               | want to return to the area in the future.
        
               | iso1631 wrote:
               | Presumably value appreciating more than selling it and
               | investing in other assets that are as safe.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Also, houses can allow you to lever up with non callable
               | loans.
        
               | tristor wrote:
               | I had to move, but I want to come back. I already have a
               | paid off house in this city after living here for 14
               | years. Selling it doesn't net me enough profit to
               | meaningfully change things for myself in the new city
               | after taxes, so it's better to hold onto it for when I
               | eventually return.
        
               | schrijver wrote:
               | The parent you're replying too has no problem with
               | tenant-friendly laws: rather, these occupation limits are
               | both tenant and owner unfriendly, because you can't live
               | together in non-family arrangements that you might prefer
               | (as a tenant or as owner). I sympathize.
               | 
               | With regards to your example, if you're rich enough to be
               | able to afford leaving a property you own empty, then I
               | have little sympathy. It seems like their cities and
               | states should introduce a sizeable vacancy tax. Or, as
               | they did in Amsterdam in the 1980ies, tolerate squatting.
               | And yes, maybe see if there's something that can be done
               | about backlogs in eviction court, but the baseline for me
               | is that it should never be feasible for an owner to leave
               | their house empty.
        
               | ForHackernews wrote:
               | The obvious solution is to just expropriate them and turn
               | them into public housing. It's working in Berlin.
        
               | schrijver wrote:
               | Or tolerate squatting, which used to be the case in the
               | Netherlands.
        
               | scruple wrote:
               | A home 2 doors down from myself had been empty since the
               | neighborhood was built in 2016 _until_ 2020 when rental
               | prices in our neighborhood blew through the ceiling.
               | 
               | I always assumed their financial calculus was such that
               | the appreciation alone, on an empty home, was a better
               | prospect to them than what they could've gotten in rent
               | in those earlier years (weighted against
               | upkeep/maintenance vs. leaving the place empty and coming
               | by every 6 weeks to inspect the place -- which is what
               | they were doing). Now that these homes are renting out
               | for nearly 2x the mortgage price they have a tenant. I'm
               | unsurprised to hear that it's commonplace. It's just...
               | upsetting.
        
               | lelanthran wrote:
               | > I'm unsurprised to hear that it's commonplace. It's
               | just... upsetting.
               | 
               | Law of unintended consequences.
               | 
               | Make it almost so expensive to evict that an eviction can
               | wipe away years of profit, and landlords will rather have
               | the place empty while it appreciates.
        
               | setr wrote:
               | For someone renting out a single home, I think it's the
               | risk of a bad tenant much more than the basic
               | calculations -- as GP said, there's really nothing you
               | can do about it.
               | 
               | I personally know a case of a misbehaving tenant not
               | paying rent beyond the first two months pre-payment,
               | submitted a fraudulent check for the first actual
               | payment, had neighbor complaints endlessly with repeat
               | HoA fines (fines given to owner, of course) -- and 1.5
               | years to evict..
               | 
               | It also turned out he had started subletting it out for
               | the same rent that he himself wasn't paying.
               | 
               | That kind of thing can get you into a deep hole pretty
               | quickly, and there's not even much filtering you can do
               | ahead of time, even with third party verification
        
               | scruple wrote:
               | Like another commenter mentioned, you'd real think that
               | in the interest of addressing the housing shortage that
               | there be some better solutions for these problems on both
               | ends of the spectrum.
        
               | Teknoman117 wrote:
               | > Someone can move in and refuse to pay rent, refuse to
               | leave, use your house as a drug den, destroy your
               | property and lots more, and you can do nothing about it.
               | 
               | This is one of those things that really just confuses me.
               | It's like no one could agree on happy medium between
               | "landlord can eject you whenever they want for whatever
               | reason" and "no one can make you leave, ever, for any
               | reason".
               | 
               | And to whoever downvoted you, there are some places in
               | the bay that are demanding 6 months rent up front in
               | order to move in because they can't do much if you stop
               | paying rent.
        
               | TimPC wrote:
               | These laws are hard to get actually correct. The major
               | problem is court delays. There is a very high bar for
               | kicking someone out before they get their day in court
               | about whether it is fair to do so. This seems eminently
               | reasonable but there is also a severe shortage of
               | judicial services that result in court dates over a year
               | out to resolve such issues. In that year of time, it's
               | quite possible for a tenant with maybe $5K to their name
               | to accumulate $500K in damages and debts. For many such
               | tenants it is a cost they could never repay in their
               | lifetimes which means even if the landlord gets the
               | desired verdict they'll never see the capital they
               | wanted.
               | 
               | I agree there are places in the world that are so biased
               | against landlords that they don't even try to get this
               | problem correct but I think for many cases the problem
               | isn't bad laws but rather the delays to being able to
               | execute reasonable actions to limit damages. I'm not sure
               | what a good solution is for many cases because I think it
               | would take fairly extreme evidence to kick someone out
               | without their day in court if they decided to fight it. I
               | do agree with landlords it should be easier to kick
               | someone out if they stop paying rent and that fact is
               | adequately documented. I mean stop paying rent in the
               | sense of an appropriate pattern not a single late
               | payment.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | From what I've heard is a common thing for landlords to
               | do is a "pay to vacate" where they show up at the door
               | with $1k in cash if the tenant will just leave.
        
               | yardie wrote:
               | My ex got about $40k cash to vacate her rent-controlled
               | studio. Because turning off the heat during winter,
               | greasy trashbins in the hallway, and holes in the
               | staircase weren't doing it. The building was mostly
               | elderly NYers and she was one of the few millennials so
               | waiting for her to die wasn't going to work either.
        
               | dntrkv wrote:
               | > show up at the door with $1k in cash
               | 
               | In SF, there have been six-figure buyouts to remove
               | tenants from rent-controlled properties.
        
               | mikeyouse wrote:
               | Sure, because those tenants signed contracts with
               | perpetual leases (as also understood by the landlords who
               | provided the contracts). Evicting in SF means you can't
               | turn your property into a Condo (only a TIC) - so to
               | maintain the value of the condo conversion option,
               | landlords pay tenants to leave. The buyouts are
               | proportional to the rent difference so it's not
               | surprising that someone who's rent is increasing from say
               | $1k/month to $4k/month would need a large sum of money
               | (that's taxable!) to be convinced to leave.
               | 
               | Call the buyout $100k -- best case scenario, it's taxed
               | as capital gains so you'd take home $85k. At $3k/month
               | increase in rent, you'd be looking at a little over two
               | years before you're below water.
               | 
               | Housing in California is broken in 1,000 different ways
               | but the tenant buyouts seem to be pretty minor in the
               | grand scheme of things.
        
               | nunez wrote:
               | if you go onto /r/landlord, you'll learn that "cash for
               | keys" is (a) usually way more than $1k, and (b) not a
               | fool-proof way of kicking someone out (since the squatter
               | still need a place to live, and they know that the cash
               | won't cover it). this was/is a huge HUGE issue with the
               | COVID real estate moratoriums that popped up.
        
               | bruce511 wrote:
               | A side effect of tenent friendly laws is that owners get
               | more and more picky about who they rent to in the first
               | place. It's cheaper to have a place empty for a few
               | months than to take a risk on a potentially bad tenant.
               | 
               | Ultimately this is creating a class of people who can't
               | rent. Their track record is poor - or if not them
               | specifically they are in a group with a poor track
               | record.
               | 
               | Not surprisingly this mostly affects the poorest and most
               | vulnerable - those with the least job security - those
               | with health/work issues and so on.
               | 
               | This overlaps with the group least likely to actually be
               | able to purchase a home to begin with.
               | 
               | This issue will not be solved with free-market economics.
               | Either one accepts the need for some layer of free social
               | housing, or one accepts that a decent chunk of society
               | will be homeless.
        
               | dataflow wrote:
               | How does one accumulate $500K in damages and debt in 1
               | year? That's like $41k/month.
        
               | nunez wrote:
               | buy three cats, and zero litter boxes, and zero litter.
               | make sure they aren't neutered. get a single male cat
               | since, hey, he's got needs.
               | 
               | cook lots of greasy ass food and drain that oil straight
               | down the sink. toss condoms, paper towels, hell,
               | ANYTHING, down the toilet, since it's basically a trash
               | dispenser, right?
               | 
               | once you're done having the cats pee their way through
               | the foundation (cat urine DESTROYS houses) and destroying
               | the plumbing, steal some copper on your way out with some
               | friends.
               | 
               | oh, and this is a pre-war establishment where everything
               | is absolutely not up to code.
        
               | Zircom wrote:
               | Some people don't take kindly to being kicked out, even
               | if they're in the wrong, and there's not a lot you can do
               | to stop them from causing hundreds of thousands in
               | damages while you go through the process of evicting
               | them.
        
               | beezle wrote:
               | Was told by local sherrif who handled judgment related
               | asset seizures as well as foreclosure sales that in our
               | state the original owner can do as they wish, even after
               | a court ordered foreclosure sale, until they day they are
               | required/made to vacate. He had seen all kinds of wanton
               | destruction by the outgoing former owners simply out of
               | spite with repair bills likely in the 10s of thousands,
               | if not more.
        
               | Zircom wrote:
               | That's a little different than a tenant who is renting
               | wrecking someone else's property though, as the sheriff
               | said in the case of foreclosures it's still their
               | property up until the forced vacate date and they can
               | technically do whatever they want and can't be sued for
               | the damages, whereas tenants can but in most cases it's
               | simply not worth it because the people you're suing
               | usually don't have any assets or positive net worth in
               | the first place.
        
               | oldsecondhand wrote:
               | Legally different but still grudge and destruction with
               | no or negligible chance of recourse.
        
               | Teknoman117 wrote:
               | The first house I lived at in California was part 2 of
               | that - previous owners destroyed the place during a
               | foreclosure, so we got what was previously an $800k house
               | for $400k in a short sale by a bank. Took ~$50k to fix up
               | because we were willing to do the work ourselves over
               | about a year.
               | 
               | It was _disgusting_. Glass and other obstructions flushed
               | down the pipes, literal feces on the walls, holes
               | everywhere, missing parts of the ceiling, fixtures ripped
               | out, etc.
               | 
               | Move-in process was essentially move all our stuff to a
               | storage area, continue renting until we'd made the place
               | no longer a biohazard, then we moved in slowly as we
               | fixed up rooms.
               | 
               | But hey, a few hours of work a day for a year essentially
               | saved a year of a FAANG salary on the place.
        
               | bawolff wrote:
               | Damn. Props to you but i would rather be 400k poorer
               | instead of doing that.
        
               | pyuser583 wrote:
               | The problem is ultimately how well the courts handle
               | liars.
               | 
               | The middle ground is to investigate the situation and
               | establish facts. And do it quickly.
               | 
               | That costs money, and poor tenants can't afford it.
               | 
               | So many courts adopt the position of believing one side
               | over the other.
               | 
               | This isn't limited to liars ... it applies to all bad
               | faith actors. For example, in parts of the Midwest, it's
               | really hard to evict someone in winter.
               | 
               | So bad faith tenants will sign a lease in September, pay
               | for a month or two, then stop. Can't be evicted until
               | spring.
               | 
               | And by "can't be evicted" I mean can't begin eviction
               | proceedings. If the proceedings can be stretched out
               | ("I'm in the hospital and can't appear in court") you can
               | get to the next winter.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | There is a happy medium, and many cities are in it, it's
               | just that landlords love painting that happy medium as
               | tyranny.
               | 
               | They also never make any distinction between letting a
               | basement or a room in a home, a private landlord letting
               | a detached home, and a corporate landlord letting
               | hundreds of units.
        
               | sometimeshuman wrote:
               | Not arguing, but there are also many people who do not
               | rent their vacant property because they are too rich to
               | be bothered and are content with the capital gain
               | appreciation.
               | 
               | Perhaps there needs to be a higher tax rate for vacant
               | property that is not a primary residence.
        
               | wwweston wrote:
               | > they can't do much if you stop paying rent.
               | 
               | I'm aware of specific stories where bad-faith tenants
               | have made enforcement _difficult_ , but I'm also aware of
               | enough specific stories from the other side where tenants
               | -- even some who have committed no violations -- have
               | found themselves without housing to know that as a total
               | generalization, these statements are false.
               | 
               | And you don't get to a resident-sourced homelessness
               | crisis if landlords are truly powerless (and sure,
               | coastal homelessness numbers are driven by bus-ticket
               | policies elsewhere, but it's not the whole story).
               | 
               | AFAICT there is in fact a medium between "landlord can
               | eject you whenever they want for whatever reason" and "no
               | one can make you leave, ever, for any reason". Whether or
               | not it's a happy one probably depends more on court
               | outcomes than any apparent shortcomings in statutes, but
               | if anyone has _specific_ complaints about the law,
               | perhaps they should point them out.
        
               | anchpop wrote:
               | > I'm aware of specific stories where bad-faith tenants
               | have made enforcement difficult, but I'm also aware of
               | enough specific stories from the other side where tenants
               | -- even some who have committed no violations -- have
               | found themselves without housing to know that as a total
               | generalization, these statements are false.
               | 
               | I'm aware of hundreds of stories about homicidal
               | cardiologists, but I wouldn't try to make a judgement
               | about cardiologists based on that because I have no
               | reason to think the stories I'm exposed are a
               | representative sample of cardiologists. In your case,
               | tenants who have committed no violations finding
               | themselves evicted make a much more sympathetic story
               | than landlords who want to evict an annoying tenant, so
               | I'd expect the former to be very overrepresented in what
               | you hear.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | Once you are exposed to one homicidal cardiologist, it's
               | no longer an anecdote. Landlords who aren't very thorough
               | in background and credit checks are very very likely to
               | have a bad experience (and they won't repeat the same
               | mistake twice).
               | 
               | Being a landlord is a hard way at making money.
        
               | wwweston wrote:
               | Sure. As the saying goes "the plural of anecdote is not
               | data." And that goes as much for specific stories about
               | sympathetic landlords suffering from abusive tenants as
               | vice versa.
               | 
               | How would we find out what the systemic pattern is? Maybe
               | we'd compile relevant court records and outcomes. Maybe
               | we'd collect information from tax filings.
               | 
               | Or maybe we'd make bare assertions on HN.
        
               | MiroF wrote:
               | > It's like no one could agree on happy medium between
               | "landlord can eject you whenever they want for whatever
               | reason" and "no one can make you leave, ever, for any
               | reason".
               | 
               | No place in the US actually has the latter unless you've
               | been letting them squat for half a decade or something,
               | the issue is court delays and landlord's wanting to make
               | their lot out to be worse than it is.
        
               | dijonman2 wrote:
               | It's very difficult to evict folks in Colorado, according
               | to someone I know who buys and rents homes for a living.
               | 
               | I think most landlords are pro tenant until they find
               | someone who knows how to work the system. It costs them
               | so much that they are skiddish to all renters.
        
               | giraffe_lady wrote:
               | Landlords have chosen to enter an inherently adversarial
               | relationship with the goal of profiting from the other
               | party. I'm not entirely unsympathetic to their personal
               | pains here, but I don't believe "pro tenant" has a useful
               | meaning except in a context where you need to support
               | them _in opposition_ to some force or entity. And that
               | entity is landlords.
        
               | anchpop wrote:
               | As a widget maker, I'm pro widget-users even though I
               | technically have an adversarial relationship with them.
               | In particular, I'm pro widget-users because without them
               | I would be without money and without me they would be
               | without widgets, so we're both supporting each other
               | against the harsh forces of nature that would leave us
               | all destitute if we didn't work together.
        
               | Firmwarrior wrote:
               | > without me they would be without widgets
               | 
               | It seems like it'd be obvious, but landlords don't
               | actually produce land or provide housing. They roll in
               | and take housing using their superior resources, then
               | charge rent to access it.
               | 
               | In an ideal market, every renter would have the option of
               | being a landlord just like every car lessor has the
               | option of being a car owner. We just need enough housing
               | supply to make investing in housing a risky venture
               | instead of a government-guaranteed winner
               | 
               | https://www.worksinprogress.co/issue/the-housing-theory-
               | of-e...
        
               | chii wrote:
               | > landlords don't actually produce land or provide
               | housing
               | 
               | of course they do - they provide it by being part of the
               | capital flow, which starts at construction. It might not
               | be the same person, but it's a chain of financing that
               | lead to the landlord purchasing the property.
               | 
               | Superior resources is just another name for capital. And
               | you need capital to fund the construction. The landlord
               | is just the last chain on this funding, and without them,
               | the builders would not build (for who would be buying?).
               | 
               | Shelter is a cost. Everybody pays it, whether you own
               | your own building or renting.
               | 
               | > every renter would have the option of being a landlord
               | 
               | they do if they had the capital. No one is stopping
               | anyone from making a bid for a property - unlike back in
               | the old days where people who were slaves were not
               | entitled to own property as a right. The fact that some
               | people have more capital and is willing to bid higher is
               | how the current free market system works to allocate
               | capital.
        
               | Firmwarrior wrote:
               | Man, I'm not saying you're completely wrong, but that's
               | such a ridiculous stretch
               | 
               | I bought a few shares of Pfizer, does that make me a
               | healthcare provider?
        
               | giraffe_lady wrote:
               | only comparable if the widget you make is a necessity for
               | life, really straining the meaning of the word "widget"
               | imo.
        
               | baq wrote:
               | If there's return, there's risk. All markets are
               | adversarial.
        
               | giraffe_lady wrote:
               | Yeah I don't really disagree with that. I don't believe
               | housing should be a "market" in the sense I think is
               | meant here. But if it is to be, I agree that landlords
               | need to accept the risk of their tenants not paying and
               | not leaving either.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | Not paying sure. Not leaving no. That never should be the
               | case. They own the property the should be able to get it
               | vacated in reasonable time let's say 3 to 6 month. For
               | any reason. There could also be a fixed time contract
               | binding both sides.
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | How exactly is it inherently adversarial? Isn't what
               | you're saying also true to literally any for profit
               | transaction?
        
               | giraffe_lady wrote:
               | Only things that are absolute needs. You can walk away
               | from a profitable transaction, you can't walk away from
               | one you'll die without.
               | 
               | People are willing to take much more extreme action
               | around housing (and food, medicine, ) than they are most
               | other goods. They're also less likely to agree there is
               | moral justification in profiting from these things. So
               | even when entering these transactions (they must, after
               | all), they may not respect the other party's profit
               | goals.
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | Should doctors work for free? Should farmers?
        
               | giraffe_lady wrote:
               | Do landlords labor?
        
               | tomp wrote:
               | Do business owners labor?
               | 
               | As someone who's moved around a lot (to London, then to
               | Zurich) I definitely appreciate being able to rent, and
               | hence landowners. Without them, I'd have to live 2-3 year
               | homeless until I saved enough for a downpayment, then be
               | saddled with 30 year monthly commitment (i.e. mortgage)
               | and unable to move anywhere else.
        
               | quesera wrote:
               | > Do landlords labor?
               | 
               | Yes they absolutely do. Sometimes quite a lot, and often
               | invisibly to tenants.
               | 
               | But other landlords suck, yes definitely. Just like some
               | business owners neglect their customers, and some parents
               | neglect their children.
               | 
               | The problem is that the RE market is so distorted right
               | now that it's difficult to select a new equivalent
               | housing provider at a reasonable price. This is also what
               | enables the bad landlords in the first place.
               | 
               | The blame for that situation is very well-distributed.
               | The best response as a buyer might be to seek out other
               | markets.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | No, but they certainly have provided or paid for
               | previously paid capital that allowed housing to be build.
               | 
               | Ofc, it might be better if everyone build their own
               | houses like some slums around the world.
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | Yes? Do you think the house magically takes care of
               | itself?
        
               | giraffe_lady wrote:
               | This comment made me see red, seriously the maddest I've
               | been in weeks. You couldn't have known that and I'm not
               | upset at you.
               | 
               | _I_ take care of the house in this situation. The
               | landlord doesn't shovel snow or mow grass, I do.
               | 
               | They do carry some of the burden specifically in taxes
               | and liability, yes I know. I also know the maintenance
               | responsibilities aren't inherently and legally mine, and
               | so I can be blamed for entering a contract that requires
               | me to do this.
               | 
               | Anyway though it even more shows that landlords don't
               | inherently do anything. If they stopped maintaining it,
               | _the tenant_ is the one who has to live in the shitty
               | house and will wind up fixing it.
               | 
               | What the landlord does is control access to housing. I
               | don't respect or value that and you're not going to
               | change my mind about it today.
        
               | knodi123 wrote:
               | > I also know the maintenance responsibilities aren't
               | inherently and legally mine
               | 
               | Yes, that's right, they are legally the landlord's. And
               | if they stopped maintaining it, _they are breaking the
               | law, and you can sue them_. If, instead, you choose to
               | live with it, or deal with it yourself and pay for
               | everything, then that 's a horrible mistake.
               | 
               | It's fine for that comment to make you see red, but it
               | should be the slumlord you are angry at, not the guy who
               | pointed out that you're being a doormat.
               | 
               | Landlords are one option for people who cannot afford to
               | buy a home. Some of them are bad, some are good. They
               | offer a service for a price, and if the price is too high
               | or the service is too poor, then they are taking
               | advantage. Plenty of them aren't like that. Your anger
               | seems a little irrational.
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | If the roof need replacing do you replace it? How about
               | if the sewer line collapses?
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | If you honestly believe being a landlord is such a slam
               | dunk you should take out a mortgage, buy a property
               | somewhere in United States (there are places as cheap as
               | $50K) and rake in the cash.
               | 
               | There are landlords who absolutely take care of all of
               | the maintenance - and of course there are landlords who
               | are absentee landlords as well.
               | 
               | To say a landlord _inherently_ doesn 't do anything is
               | the most ridiculous thing I've read today. Thanks for the
               | laugh. As for your situation, stop doing work the
               | landlord should be doing.
        
               | sobkas wrote:
               | > If you honestly believe being a landlord is such a slam
               | dunk you should take out a mortgage, buy a property
               | somewhere in United States (there are places as cheap as
               | $50K) and rake in the cash.
               | 
               | I'm sorry, but I am not sociopathic enough to profit from
               | other people misfortune (not being able to to buy a roof
               | over their heads). Not everything is about making as much
               | money as you can squeeze from other people.
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | You don't personally need to be. If it's free money why
               | hasn't someone done it? Why are there houses sitting
               | there vacant?
               | 
               | I also disagree with the silly assertion that landlords
               | are sociopaths would you rather people be homeless? If
               | someone is unable to afford to buy a house what should
               | they do?
               | 
               | Also - are business owners sociopaths? Doctors? Farmers?
               | Medical device makers?
        
               | sobkas wrote:
               | > You don't personally need to be. If it's free money why
               | hasn't someone done it? Why are there houses sitting
               | there vacant?
               | 
               | I have seen some articles that it starts happening there
               | too. For example buying houses in Detroit, through web of
               | shell firms and sitting on them like some kind of
               | slumlord dragon.
               | 
               | >I also disagree with the silly assertion that landlords
               | are sociopaths would you rather people be homeless? If
               | someone is unable to afford to buy a house what should
               | they do?
               | 
               | I'm sorry, if you are using your economical advantage to
               | outbid people in house market and then propose this
               | people a rent that is higher than mortage on same house?
               | With bonus points for squeezing them on rent so they
               | can't save money to buy their own house(with or without
               | mortage). Then use all that money to buy even more
               | houses? So even more people can't afford them? Yes that a
               | sociopathic behavior. Also word slumlord exists for a
               | reason.
               | 
               | >Also - are business owners sociopaths? Doctors? Farmers?
               | Medical device makers? Are you trying to make argument
               | for me?
               | 
               | Because under capitalism only function of business is to
               | make money for shareholders(aka. owners, this include
               | companies not publicly traded). It's as sociopathic as it
               | can be. If your only goal is to make more money, you are
               | not a good person. There are owners that don't do that,
               | but in the end they will have more disadvantages when
               | competing with ones that do. It involves breaking the
               | law/shady behavior if you think you can get away with
               | that. Leaving money on the table is a sure way to get
               | yourself a competitor that will take it and use it
               | against you.
               | 
               | Farmers: there are decent ones, but if they want to
               | squeez as much money they can from animals/crops they
               | have, they will do some horrific stuff. Just ask yourself
               | why there are laws popping all over the US that make it
               | illegal to film whats going on farms(including factory
               | ones)
               | 
               | Doctors: there are decent ones, as always. But there are
               | doctors that will just come by during medical procedures
               | in, in-network hospitals as out of the network doctor and
               | then slam patient with horrendous bill, just for being
               | there(or helping in some small way). Shilling to pharma
               | companies by prescribing/overprescribing their drugs? To
               | have a fun trip to Hawaii/other perks? Dr. Wakefield,
               | crooks that sell bleach as cure all drug, other scam
               | artist in white gowns? Selling dewormer as a cure for
               | anything but worms? As I said before there are decent
               | doctors, but also a bad ones. It's only a problem if we
               | allow them to do this stuff and don't take any actions to
               | stop them.
               | 
               | Medical device makers: Have you read anything about
               | EpiPen? P-value hacking? Pushing your do nothing failed
               | drug as hope for sick people through FDA/etc.? This
               | entities are businesses, their goal is to make money.
               | Accidentally they can save some people, but it's not
               | their goal. It's money. I have wrote some words about it
               | earlier.
               | 
               | So sociopathy isn't who you are, it's what you do.
               | 
               | I'm not saying I'm a good person, I'm definitely not, but
               | even I sometimes raise an eyebrow seeing things some
               | people do.
        
               | quesera wrote:
               | > The landlord doesn't shovel snow or mow grass, I do.
               | 
               | I've rented places where that was my responsibility,
               | enumerated in the lease. Also taking out the trash,
               | keeping porches and exterior areas clean, etc.
               | 
               | These are common expectations when you're renting a full
               | single-family house. I've also seen arrangements where a
               | single tenant of a multi-unit property will accept grass
               | & snow responsibilities in exchange for reduced rent.
               | 
               | I understand that you don't want those jobs though. If
               | they are not in your lease, you are not required to
               | perform them. (Don't take legal advice from me, but
               | that's true everywhere I've lived). You might have
               | trouble finding a SFH lease that doesn't include them,
               | but multi-unit buildings will be easier.
               | 
               | The law will require that grass mowing and snow removal
               | happens. The property owner will be fined if they do not
               | happen. These services cost money, so if the tenant is
               | unable or unwilling to do them as part of the lease
               | contract, the owner will purchase these services and
               | increase the rent correspondingly.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | > you're not going to change my mind about it today
               | 
               | Probably not worth asking the question in the first
               | place, then.
        
               | jjav wrote:
               | > Landlords have chosen to enter an inherently
               | adversarial relationship with the goal of profiting from
               | the other party.
               | 
               | There isn't any reason for it to be adversarial, it's
               | certainly not inherently so. Only if one or both sides
               | want to make it adversarial.
               | 
               | It is supposed to be a win-win scenario. Some people
               | prefer to rent instead of buying, so they need a supply
               | of rentals and the owner needs someone to live there so
               | it doesn't sit empty costing them money.
               | 
               | Fortunately I've never had one of the adversarial
               | landlords. I paid them on time and took good care of the
               | property and in exchange they have been super flexible
               | and let me do whatever I want. That's a win-win.
        
               | sobkas wrote:
               | > > Landlords have chosen to enter an inherently
               | adversarial relationship with the goal of profiting from
               | the other party.
               | 
               | > There isn't any reason for it to be adversarial, it's
               | certainly not inherently so. Only if one or both sides
               | want to make it adversarial.
               | 
               | Landlords compete with their potential tenants for houses
               | to buy. When landlord driven price increase, it prices
               | out people from buying a home/flat, but they still need a
               | roof over their heads. So they rent. This gives landlords
               | cash needed to buy more houses/flats. This also keep
               | rents up as landlords pay more for buildings. So tenants
               | are less likely to accumulate cash for loans/something
               | else. From small owners to big corporations it is a
               | vicious cycle.
        
               | bawolff wrote:
               | So you're saying that in a capitalistic society, people
               | with capital do better? Colour me shocked.
               | 
               | The landlord also takes on risk and responsibility here.
               | Like any business, if they do a shitty job they go broke.
               | If they do a good job, they make bank and expand their
               | business.
        
               | sobkas wrote:
               | They will go broke if they do bad job at extracting money
               | from their renters, not bad job at providing value to
               | them. Also: https://www.wsj.com/articles/landlords-were-
               | never-meant-to-g... , privatization of profits and
               | socializing losses.
        
               | bawolff wrote:
               | Yes, same as any business. If you provide it for free you
               | go bankrupt, if you charge too much you also go bankrupt.
        
               | giraffe_lady wrote:
               | No because you can't really decline to have a home if
               | none of the options are good for you. If there are only
               | shitty landlords then you'll be forced to choose a shitty
               | landlord.
        
               | bawolff wrote:
               | I can't decline to eat. Food still costs money.
        
               | giraffe_lady wrote:
               | Yes almost there keep going.
        
               | bawolff wrote:
               | Instead of being condescending, can you just make
               | whatever point it is you are trying to make?
        
               | nunez wrote:
               | covid moratoriums were basically that for a lot of
               | landlords
        
               | jjav wrote:
               | > > "no one can make you leave, ever, for any reason".
               | 
               | > No place in the US actually has the latter
               | 
               | Not technically, no. But there are areas (e.g. San
               | Francisco) where getting a non-paying tenant out is close
               | enough to impossible that it might as well be.
        
               | xenadu02 wrote:
               | AFAIK that's not actually true. There are some crazy edge
               | cases but for the most part if a tenant stops paying rent
               | you can absolutely evict them in SF. Most of the horror
               | stories from landlords are attempts to evict for reasons
               | besides non-payment - which SF does make somewhat
               | difficult.
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | You'd be surprised. SF Rent Board will always seek the
               | solution that keeps the tenant in their home.
               | 
               | So a tenant might stop paying rent, a few months later
               | you get an eviction hearing, but then the tenant pays the
               | rent _this month_ and _promises to pay the back rent_.
               | Your eviction has just been denied.
               | 
               | Tenant falls back on rent again, but made a good faith
               | effort to pay some of the back rent. Eviction denied.
               | 
               | Finally, tenant stops paying entirely and doesn't respond
               | to you. You stand a pretty good chance of getting an
               | eviction then.
               | 
               | Meanwhile, over the past 12 months the tenant made 2 full
               | rent payments and a couple thousand on the $18,000 in
               | back rent owed. They get evicted and you get to clean up
               | the mess.
               | 
               | So yes, it's not _impossible_ to evict a tenant, but it
               | 's really damn hard (unless it's for something like
               | violence or failure to pay and no response when rent is
               | demanded).
        
               | flir wrote:
               | Honestly, that sounds great. The risk of being a rentier
               | _should_ be higher than the risk of an index tracker. A
               | lot of our problems can be traced to the fact that bricks
               | and mortar are seen as a better RoI than stocks and
               | shares, and one way to fix that is to change the risk
               | profile of being a landlord by increasing tenants '
               | rights.
        
               | jjav wrote:
               | > Honestly, that sounds great.
               | 
               | You're saying that it's totally fine for a renter to pay
               | like one month out of every six months and keep doing
               | that forever, just enough to defer evictions each time?
               | 
               | > The risk of being a rentier should be higher than the
               | risk of an index tracker.
               | 
               | Risk and return should roughly correlate, or people will
               | not do it. There is already very little return in renting
               | out a house, so the risk needs to be fairly low, if
               | society cares to have rental properties available.
               | 
               | > change the risk profile of being a landlord by
               | increasing tenants' rights
               | 
               | What would you expect to happen as a result?
               | 
               | If the risk is too high to compared to the return, these
               | rental units are simply removed from the market. Are you
               | convinced that less available units make renters better
               | off?
        
               | MiroF wrote:
               | > But there are areas (e.g. San Francisco) where getting
               | a non-paying tenant out is close enough to impossible
               | that it might as well be.
               | 
               | You absolutely can evict people in SF, unless you are
               | discussing the recent eviction moratorium, which is not
               | ongoing.
        
               | registeredcorn wrote:
               | >landlord can eject you whenever they want for whatever
               | reason
               | 
               | I don't understand. Why aren't landlords able to do this?
               | Isn't it seen as immoral to steal property from an owner?
        
               | pvarangot wrote:
               | There's the whole "house as a human right" angle that is
               | sometimes used to explain why tenant friendly laws exist,
               | but it's not the only angle you have to approach the
               | problem from. It's also true that a cities economy needs
               | a lot of "minimum wage" or whatever workers, and for
               | example if San Francisco didn't have tenant friendly laws
               | like rent control then the hospitality industry would
               | also suddenly need to pay a lot more to get bodies for
               | their people-heavy business. After some deep
               | conversations with a friend about this I now see this
               | from his angle where cities are just state-sponsored big
               | HOAs. If you get property in the HOA you have to abide by
               | their rules and one of their rules is that for certain
               | types of property if you rent it you can't easily kick
               | out the tenants. If you don't like it, no one is forcing
               | you to buy the property and even less to rent it, it's
               | your call.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | astura wrote:
               | Because it's not just someone's property, it's also
               | someone's home. The place they live. Society has
               | collectively deemed kicking someone out of their home
               | with no notice to be undesirable, even if they are
               | currently struggling to pay rent.
               | 
               | You have to keep in mind the vast majority of tenancies
               | are in good faith.
        
               | registeredcorn wrote:
               | True. I was reexamining the way I worded my question and
               | I certainly could have put things better. There is more
               | nuance there than I had given at first thought.
               | 
               | Having grown up in rentals, and having had close family
               | member kicked out of a rental with something like 1 weeks
               | notice, I am very conflicted over the issue. Thank you
               | for not responding in kind to the way my question was
               | worded.
        
               | MiroF wrote:
               | > Why aren't landlords able to do this? Isn't it seen as
               | immoral to steal property from an owner?
               | 
               | Well, for one, the government should enforce contract
               | neutrally - so if you sign a contract leasing your
               | property, you can't unilaterally break this without
               | cause.
               | 
               | Second, we as a society have an interest in giving people
               | time to move their stuff out and find a new place to
               | live.
        
               | registeredcorn wrote:
               | Thanks for the response! Honestly, I was going to delete
               | my comment, I felt like I was asking in bad faith, but
               | can't since it had a reply.
               | 
               | I guess I see your point. I tend to side a bit harder
               | with the landlords, but I don't want people tossed out on
               | the streets without any sort of warning either.
        
               | lelanthran wrote:
               | > I tend to side a bit harder with the landlords, but I
               | don't want people tossed out on the streets without any
               | sort of warning either.
               | 
               | I expect that that hardly ever happens. Landlords aren't
               | in the business to make life unnecessarily bad for
               | renters, they're there to make money.
               | 
               | A tenant who stayed in the same place for 3 years, always
               | pays on time and never damages the property is preferably
               | to an unknown. Landlords know that starting an eviction
               | can cost them up to a year of income, plus there is
               | always the risk that the new tenant is going to be even
               | costlier.
               | 
               | Why on earth would a landlord roll the dice on someone
               | new? My guess is that many of those sob stories you are
               | hearing from tenants are _their_ side of the story.
               | 
               | They aren't going to tell you that the miss rent
               | sometimes (and they'd have to miss a lot of months before
               | a landlord will start the eviction process).
               | 
               | They aren't going to tell you that the landlord had to
               | make substantial repairs to damages that they caused.
               | 
               | They aren't going to tell you that they sublet to "their
               | cousins", and have 4 people to a room in a 3 room house.
               | 
               | When you listen to a landlord's side of the eviction
               | story, it always comes down to money: "that house is my
               | income and I wasn't getting it anymore".
               | 
               | No landlord is cutting off their income stream for
               | several months just because they want to throw tenants
               | onto the street.
        
               | staticman2 wrote:
               | Landlords rarely kick people out without notice because
               | society has made it illegal for them to do so.
               | 
               | Your take is naive. Historically there was a lot of money
               | to be made being a "slum lord" and renting in poorer
               | communities where people have bad credit so can't get
               | mortgages , there's a reason the term exists.
        
               | closeparen wrote:
               | That's just a lease. Leases have fixed terms. When the
               | lease is up either side can give 30 days notice that they
               | will not be renewing. That is true even in places with
               | minimal to no tenant protection laws.
               | 
               | In a tenant protection environment, the tenant has the
               | option to cancel when the lease ends, but the landlord
               | does not. Regardless of where you are in the contract
               | cycle, the landlord's only way to end the contract is
               | through an eviction, and he will have to prove in court
               | that the situation meets one of the lawful bases for
               | eviction.
        
               | MiroF wrote:
               | > In a tenant protection environment, landlords cannot
               | just decline to renew leases.
               | 
               | Unless we're talking about some rent controlled context,
               | where in the US is this law?
        
               | closeparen wrote:
               | For example, the entire state of California, including
               | municipalities that don't have rent control and
               | properties that aren't covered by existing rent controls.
               | 
               | https://sfrb.org/article/summary-ab-1482-california-
               | tenant-p...
        
               | Teknoman117 wrote:
               | What are the bounds of that though? No place that I have
               | lived in California gives me the option of continuing my
               | lease under the current terms (never once did they _not_
               | increase my rent)
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | AB1482 is statewide and covers most rental stock. Units
               | built in the last 15 years are exempt. Single family
               | homes are exempt, but only if explicitly included in the
               | lease (plenty of landlords got bit by this in 2020 - no
               | notice to tenant, automatically covered by rent
               | control/eviction control).
               | 
               | This is both rent control and eviction protection. You
               | cant be evicted without "just cause" - all leases
               | automatically roll over to "month to month".
        
               | MiroF wrote:
               | It only applies to homes owned by a corporation, you are
               | incorrect that most properties are not exempt.
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | Most properties _aren 't_ exempt.
               | 
               | Any multi-family older than 15 years falls under rent
               | control and eviction control. Considering how little
               | housing is built in CA, that's a _huge_ number of housing
               | units.
               | 
               | When it comes to single family homes, you are correct
               | that they are _eligible_ to be exempt if they aren 't
               | owned by a corporation. However, landlords had to give
               | notice back in 2020 to current tenants for that property
               | to be exempt. Notice can't be retro-active, so a wide
               | swath of single family homes that were rented at the time
               | are under rent and eviction control now.
               | 
               | Of course if the tenant leaves, there is an opportunity
               | for the property to be exempt again.
               | 
               | That said, if you don't think the screws will slowly be
               | tightened on AB1482, you're out of your mind. Just like
               | in the major cities they'll be a bunch of "updates" to
               | the law to the point San Francisco style rent control is
               | state wide.
        
               | MiroF wrote:
               | I think the large majority of units in CA are not covered
               | by any sort of just cause eviction law. This law has
               | several very large exemptions.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | > It's like no one could agree on happy medium between
               | "landlord can eject you whenever they want for whatever
               | reason" and "no one can make you leave, ever, for any
               | reason".
               | 
               | Renters vote. Prospective renters don't vote, because
               | they don't live there.
               | 
               | Landlords vote too, but there aren't enough of them to
               | counteract the renters.
        
               | tempnow987 wrote:
               | I had a friend who let someone move in as part of an
               | apartment share. Person NEVER paid them a nickel, never
               | paid landlord anything, claimed they felt unsafe and got
               | a restraining order. It was actually genius.
               | 
               | My (female) friend HAD TO MOVE OUT of the house she was
               | renting, the landlord required she still pay rent on the
               | lease. "self-help" (changing locks) was totally out.
               | 
               | All this would have been fine I think if she could have
               | gone to court in a week or two (the person literally
               | hadn't paid anyone anything).
               | 
               | Instead it was 18 months to the FIRST court date, plenty
               | of drama between A and B, and at that court date it was
               | clear it was going to take a LONG time longer (in
               | fairness COVID came into picture but still).
               | 
               | It turned out of course this person had done this
               | repeatedly. In my friends case the landlord just demanded
               | she keep on paying rent and so was no help on eviction.
               | So she was paying rent on a new place, paying rent on the
               | old place AND paying legal bills vs a tenant getting free
               | community legal help and who was an absolute expert in
               | the rules.
               | 
               | Luckily for her for some reason tenant DID want to move
               | eventually, and they basically arranged a settlement. She
               | paid landlord for some damages, she paid tenant a cash
               | for keys amount (substantial) and was allowed to go on
               | with her life.
               | 
               | You could only afford this on a bay area tech level
               | salary. For normal landlords and people this is insane.
               | 
               | When someone says the eviction has to be "for" a reason,
               | and a court has to review that reason and approve it, in
               | the bay area that easily 1-2 years if someone wants to
               | stretch it out.
        
               | jdmichal wrote:
               | So she basically directly sublet part of her apartment,
               | and is surprised the landlord didn't care and still held
               | her responsible? That's exactly the stance the landlord
               | should take in such a situation. Assuming it wasn't just
               | directly a breach of contract of the rental terms to
               | start with, which would even further just protect the
               | landlord.
               | 
               | Did she even bother to draft a contract with the
               | subletter? Or was this all just, "sure, stranger, move
               | right on in to the property for which I am legally
               | obligated? I'm sure this will all work out fine."
        
               | zamfi wrote:
               | Did you miss the part about waiting 18 months for a court
               | date?
               | 
               | A legal contract is only as strong as the incentives to
               | litigate it. Doesn't seem likely a contract would've
               | helped, it may even have existed.
        
               | jdmichal wrote:
               | If there was a contract, it probably would have helped a
               | lot in the restraining order hearing. Which apparently
               | had no issues happening faster than 18 months?
        
               | tempnow987 wrote:
               | She had lease with landlord, and was looking to share the
               | place. She was planning on continuing to live in the
               | unit. This is common in a college towns if the apartment
               | is a 2 bedroom, often you would rent the second bedroom
               | out.
               | 
               | Yes, landlord reasonably checked out. They agreed on
               | terms in terms of the monthly amount, utilities etc. New
               | roommate gave some reason to want to get going on getting
               | their stuff moved in or measuring things or something,
               | she gave them a copy of the key for that.
               | 
               | That's all it took.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | Seems like the problem was the restraining order. Should
               | have fought that one. Blame the part of the system that
               | was true problem.
        
               | tempnow987 wrote:
               | My sense was that the living situation was in fact
               | untenable (ie, shared kitchen, accusations of theft etc).
        
               | 1024core wrote:
               | Could you not put ejection conditions in the lease
               | itself? (SF resident here, but with no experience in
               | landlording). I'm wondering why can't a landlord put in
               | the lease a term like "if tenant does not pay rent for 30
               | days, tenant gives up all of his rights and landlord has
               | the right to eject tenant within 15 days".
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | No. It's pretty common for tenancy laws to make all other
               | condition "void and unenforceable".
        
               | astura wrote:
               | You generally can't put illegal terms in a contact like
               | that.
        
               | mistrial9 wrote:
               | > you can do nothing about it
               | 
               | lies, damn lies, and landlord lies..
        
               | gnicholas wrote:
               | A friend bought a duplex in Berkeley. Due to the tenant-
               | friendly laws there, she will only rent to international
               | university affiliates whose roles/visas will require them
               | to leave after a year or two.
               | 
               | Interestingly, she is very YIMBY and liberal, and even
               | has a PhD in urban planning. But no one wants a forever
               | tenant!
        
               | MiroF wrote:
               | You're not a liberal if you're casually violating fair
               | housing law :)
               | 
               | Everyone wants to call themselves a liberal or
               | progressive nowadays, it's bizarre. These things are
               | about actions, not self-assigned labels.
        
               | ensignavenger wrote:
               | Is visa status a protected class for rentals in
               | CA/Berkley?
        
               | pvarangot wrote:
               | Yes it is, but it's impossible to enforce because
               | landlords can ask for your drivers license/ID with the
               | application and if you are on a visa your ID says
               | "LIMITED TERM" on it. So they can always say yes or no
               | based on that but pretend it was something else that made
               | them make the choice.
        
               | ensignavenger wrote:
               | Answering my own question- it appears that yes, it is-
               | https://www.dfeh.ca.gov/Housing/#whoBody
        
               | gnicholas wrote:
               | Looks like immigration status is protected. I wonder if a
               | plaintiff could win a case on the grounds that they were
               | discriminated against because they _weren 't_ on a
               | temporary visa.
               | 
               | As a former lawyer, I realize it's possible to make the
               | argument, but it's probably clear from the legislative
               | history of the law that it's meant to protect people who
               | are on visas, not people who aren't.
               | 
               | Also, she would probably say that her rule is that she
               | only rents to people who have an extremely compelling
               | reason to leave after 1-2 years. Compelling reasons
               | include time-limited positions (postdocs) or visa
               | restrictions.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | Citizenship and national origin are, as is immigration
               | status (under different laws.) Also source of income.
               | 
               | Renting only to international university affiliates on
               | particular kinds of visas is _directly_ discrimination on
               | the basis of all of citizenship, national origin,
               | immigration status, and source of income, and might also
               | constitute disparate impact discrimination (which
               | California FEHA also covers as well as direct
               | discrimination) on other protected grounds if the direct
               | discrimination wasn 't enough.
        
               | rdtwo wrote:
               | Liberals can break laws just like conservatives can. Free
               | country
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | Sure they can!
               | 
               | But ongoing intent to break certain categories of law
               | will also mean that certain political labels are
               | incorrect.
        
               | tomp wrote:
               | I read this more as an indication that "liberal"
               | philosophy is at best hypocritical (liberals _" want
               | things"_ (e.g. free education/housing) as long as they
               | don't have to pay/work for it themselves) and at best
               | contradictory (e.g. "open borders" while at the same time
               | "social security").
        
               | nebula8804 wrote:
               | >Everyone wants to call themselves a liberal or
               | progressive nowadays, it's bizarre.
               | 
               | Thats just the scam the corporate left likes to play.
               | They love to be super "progressive" while actually
               | performing nothing progressive other than performance
               | art.
               | 
               | It costs nothing to call yourself "progressive". Hell I
               | bet Trump has probably called himself "progressive" ha
               | ha.
               | 
               | Like you said, its actions that matter. If you look at
               | that, essentially the elected progressives in this
               | country trend towards 0.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > the corporate left
               | 
               | This thing does not exist.
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | Haha... all those woke Silicon Valley CEOs would prove
               | you wrong.
        
               | Cederfjard wrote:
               | Just curious as an outsider, what laws are she breaking
               | by doing that?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | MiroF wrote:
               | Civil Rights Act of 1968, Unruh Civil Rights Act, ...
               | there are a few other California specific legal statutes
               | around civil rights/housing discrimination.
        
               | missedthecue wrote:
               | What part of the civil rights act does it violate?
        
               | MiroF wrote:
               | It's discussed on other parts of the thread. Also, I was
               | assuming that this was not an owner-occupied duplex. It
               | falls to state law if it is.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | The Fair Housing Act (the part of the 1968 Civil Rights
               | Act you are referring to) exempts owner-occupied
               | buildings with less than five units, so it wouldn't apply
               | to the other unit in an owner-occupied duplex.
        
               | MiroF wrote:
               | I didn't understand the GP to mean they were occupying
               | the duplex. But in that context, it still violates
               | california fair housing law.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | Oh sure, rather flagrantly. I count at least four
               | protected traits it discriminates on. (Mentioned in a
               | post in another branch of the thread.)
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | If you are sharing your own house vs renting out an
               | autonomous unit, the rules are different (at least here
               | in Seattle), you can discriminate a lot more legally than
               | you could otherwise. So someone who rents room in their
               | home only to Chinese international students is completely
               | ok (as long as they share living space with the
               | landlord). Not sure what the laws are in California, but
               | federally it's kosher.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > If you are sharing your own house vs renting out an
               | autonomous unit
               | 
               | A duplex by definition is a building with two separate
               | dwelling units.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | You are right, here are the seattle FAQ on first
               | qualified applications:
               | 
               | > Yes. The first-in-time requirement applies to duplexes
               | and triplexes even if the owner resides in one of the
               | units. The non-owner occupied units are considered
               | separate dwellings, and therefore are subject to the
               | Seattle Open Housing Ordinance, which includes the first-
               | in-time provisions.
               | 
               | The other two points where exceptions exists are for
               | accessory dwelling units and (as I stated previously)
               | when the owner lives in the same spaces being rented out,
               | see http://www.seattle.gov/documents/Departments/CivilRig
               | hts/Fai...
               | 
               | Now if the lady in question was renting out the basement,
               | that might count as an accessory dwelling unit, and she
               | would be exempt under Seattle rules (but this is in SF,
               | so the rules would be different).
               | 
               | My guess is that as long as she doesn't advertise the
               | unit (in the sense that she put it up for application),
               | she can simply mention its availability to a small
               | network that conveys it by word of mouth. It is
               | impossible to legislate that kind of discrimination,
               | there are tons of units that don't officially go on the
               | market (via advertising on zillow, for example) but still
               | get rented out.
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | I know a landlord with a 4 unit rent controlled building
               | in SF. As tenants leave, the units are left empty. Some
               | units have been empty for 3+ years now.
               | 
               | Why? Because she is retiring and an empty building will
               | sell for several hundred thousand more than one with
               | tenants - giving up $300k in rent over a few years is an
               | easy trade off when she can sell the whole building for
               | $600k more.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > Interestingly, she is very YIMBY and liberal
               | 
               | Do you mean "liberal" the way progressives use it (i.e.,
               | center-right pro-corporate capitalist) or "liberal" the
               | way conservatives use it (i.e., left of the Republican
               | Party, with more liberal = more left)?
        
               | mentalpiracy wrote:
               | Why should we use this as an example? You're talking
               | about people who are throwing away money by leaving
               | assets idle - and implying that they obviously don't know
               | how to operate in this market.
        
               | paxys wrote:
               | > You're talking about people who are throwing away money
               | by leaving assets idle
               | 
               | No, they are watching their assets shoot up in value
               | every day without any operational burden.
               | 
               | > and implying that they obviously don't know how to
               | operate in this market
               | 
               | When did I say that? In fact what they are doing the most
               | logical thing.
        
               | jjav wrote:
               | > > You're talking about people who are throwing away
               | money by leaving assets idle
               | 
               | > No, they are watching their assets shoot up in value
               | every day without any operational burden.
               | 
               | It's not either/or. They might be watching the property
               | value go up every year, but they are simultaneously
               | throwing money away by leaving it empty. They could have
               | been profiting from both sources but chose to profit only
               | from one.
               | 
               | (Often rationally, since a bad tenant can destroy the
               | property and never pay, but still.)
        
               | cellis wrote:
               | As a potential landlord who is doing this very thing
               | right now, it isn't really "throwing money away", because
               | of asset appreciation. If you get stuck with a bad tenant
               | it's way more hassle than if you had just let it sit and
               | AirBnB'd it every once in a while. Especially for
               | properties where the rent is less than the appreciation
               | per month.
        
               | schrijver wrote:
               | How do you feel about the ethical aspect? Now the home is
               | not useful, except as an investment to you, but if you
               | sold it there's lots of ways you could make money instead
               | (and in ways that provide value to others!). And the
               | place would be someone's home. Seems weird to let it be
               | stay empty like that.
        
               | cellis wrote:
               | I had hoped to not wade too deep into this discussion for
               | privacy reasons, but essentially I have quasi-rented it
               | to someone close to me who I trust, and isn't in need of
               | the place. They cover the utilities they use, and I don't
               | charge them rent. Still, you have a valid point. I
               | honestly don't like the AirBnBification of neighborhoods
               | across the world. But, the time commitment I need right
               | now to get licensure and then to interview rental
               | candidates/hire a management just isn't worth the time
               | commitment. Besides that, I like the optionality of
               | visiting the city, and I did live in the house last year
               | ( saved a ton on rent by buying in another state and
               | working remotely there for my employer in California
               | during the pandemic ). Hope that adds some clarity. I'm
               | not part of the global elite!
        
               | vincentmarle wrote:
               | You are neglecting opportunity costs: if you could earn
               | double (appreciation + rent) instead of just
               | appreciation, you're leaving money on the table.
        
               | boring_twenties wrote:
               | That extra money comes with additional risks, which the
               | parent has judged to be not worth it.
        
               | sib wrote:
               | But also avoiding a very real possibility of significant
               | costs (property destruction, litigation to remove bad
               | tenants, etc.)
        
               | BirdieNZ wrote:
               | Think about this: land value appreciation is so crazy
               | that you can _not charge rent_ and still make enough
               | money that a property has a good return on investment.
        
             | LegitShady wrote:
             | Thats because your neighbours probably won't like you
             | opening a rooming house in their residential neighborhood
             | without some kind of consultation with them on the zoning
             | and appropriateness of such a thing.
             | 
             | I've seen houses where every room (including the living
             | room) is occupied by a foreign student and the 'landlord'
             | is running a slum rooming house. Thats what you're not
             | supposed to be able to do without getting approval. It
             | impacts you negatively to avoid impacting your neighbours
             | without consulting with them.
        
             | tonyarkles wrote:
             | As a curiosity, since you're probably better versed in this
             | than I am, does the situation change if you yourself didn't
             | live there? I'm pretty sure around here (300kperson city in
             | Canada), the rules are different if one of the roommates is
             | the owner or if it's a purely rental property... which
             | seemed even more confusing!
        
             | Peanuts99 wrote:
             | As someone not from America, this seems insane to me. Who's
             | stopping you from renting not living with people you aren't
             | related to and why the hell are they allowed to tell you
             | what to do with your own bedrooms? Equally, is 6 bedrooms
             | normal? Sounds like a lot of cleaning.
        
             | gnopgnip wrote:
             | Many of these laws are a family plus two unrelated people.
             | There have been broad changes in how a family is defined in
             | this context.
        
             | aksss wrote:
             | I wonder if you could find exemptions for refugees. Seem to
             | be a lot of those lately. Not ignoring the sad irony of
             | this, but if you want to put that space to use there may
             | some allowable loopholes.
        
               | pge wrote:
               | I am working through this right now with a house that I
               | recently bought. No way around the restrictions, but we
               | did find one loophole. Two _related_ families (eg two
               | families in which the respective fathers are brothers)
               | can live in the same house, at least under the way the
               | restrictions are written where I live. We are able to
               | house two refugee families in the same house legally as a
               | result, but it 's a shame that it is not easier to do,
               | and possible with two unrelated families.
        
             | KptMarchewa wrote:
             | >local regulations state that I am not allowed to live with
             | more than 2 people unrelated to me
             | 
             | What? Where is that? It sounds insane and extreme
             | overreach. How can somebody regulate with whom consenting
             | adults choose to live?
        
               | londons_explore wrote:
               | Regulations like this are common.
               | 
               | Usually you need to get a special license, have home
               | inspections annually, pay various fees, etc. if you want
               | to do so.
        
               | KptMarchewa wrote:
               | Regulations where you'd specify minimum floor size, or
               | rooms per person make sense for me. It's about straight
               | up saying you can't live with people without state
               | sanctioning the relationship.
        
               | londons_explore wrote:
               | In my region, the rules are _so incredibly precise_.
               | Things like washing up areas must have at least 3 bowels
               | in. Toilets must have flush handles above a certain
               | height and below another height. Radiators must have 6
               | heat settings... Etc.
               | 
               | The entire aim seems to be to make running such a house
               | not illegal, but very difficult and very expensive.
        
               | dave5104 wrote:
               | Occupancy limits are somewhat common in many
               | cities/towns. But probably only enforced via neighborly
               | complaint, so you don't really hear about them.
               | 
               | Just searching "occupancy limits city" popped up the
               | limits for Boulder, CO:
               | https://bouldercolorado.gov/occupancy-limits
        
               | zardo wrote:
               | The kind of thing where you're fine unless you're "a
               | problem" for one of your neighbors
               | 
               | A problem as defined by your nosiest, most uptight, or
               | most xenophobic neighbor.
        
               | panzagl wrote:
               | Boulder is... special. A college town where a bunch of
               | rich people decided to live. I've never seen a campus
               | with so many non-students on it, just hanging out like
               | they belong there or zipping through campus on their
               | bikes at 40 mph. But most college towns have similar
               | occupancy laws for neighborhoods where they want to keep
               | students of the wrong sort out of.
        
               | pge wrote:
               | These kinds of regulations are extremely common (I might
               | even go so far as to say they are the norm) in many US
               | suburbs. Such restrictions are intended to prevent
               | single-famiy homes from being used as large group houses.
               | A probably intentional byproduct of the restrictions is
               | also to keep lower-income residents out of desirable
               | neighborhoods (by preventing for example, two families
               | from occupying a large house that neither could afford
               | individually). Minimum lot sizes have a similar
               | consequence. If you're interested in getting into the
               | history of housing restrictions, particularly as they
               | pertain to efforts to limit lower-income (often minority)
               | buyers, Richard Rothstein's The Color of Law is a good
               | book to start with.
        
               | programmarchy wrote:
               | If you have a family home, you probably don't want 8
               | college students moving into the house next door to you.
               | This was a restriction in my college town. As a student,
               | I didn't like it, but as a homeowner with a family, I
               | completely understand.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | 8 people in an entire house? I don't see the problem.
               | 
               | 3 college students could just about as easily be bad
               | neighbors as 8.
               | 
               | Unless the idea is that 3 students would be too poor to
               | live in that neighborhood, in which case a rule like that
               | is even worse than I thought.
        
               | KptMarchewa wrote:
               | Most people in the world live and raise families in the
               | conditions where they don't control what happens behind
               | the floor, walls and ceilings. This seems like very
               | strong entitlement.
        
               | programmarchy wrote:
               | Most people in the world don't have time to post on HN,
               | or even have the privilege of knowing it exists. You
               | posting a reply here is a very strong entitlement.
               | 
               | But if they did, they would probably come here and reply
               | that they don't want 8 drunken college bros constantly
               | partying next to their house either.
        
               | notch656a wrote:
               | 62% of the world has access to internet. HN is also free.
               | There is no vetting process to see that you are wealthy.
               | Somewhere like philippines, even the dirt poor know
               | English, so English isn't necessarily a barrier either.
               | 
               | Personal I live in a SFH, and I have a family. Even
               | though I don't want 8 drunken bros living next to me,
               | they have as much right to exist as my rather loud and
               | surely annoying toddler has.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | MiroF wrote:
               | If you want to control who lives next to you, feel free
               | to buy the neighboring properties.
        
               | scatters wrote:
               | Elsewhere on the thread you pointed out that fair housing
               | laws mean that you _don 't_ get to control who lives next
               | to you even if you're renting out those properties. So
               | your only option would be to leave them empty.
        
               | MiroF wrote:
               | Yes, you're correct.
        
               | Drdrdrq wrote:
               | That wouldn't help much - there would still be neighbors
               | bordering your (now bigger) property, just further away.
               | You need to buy an island instead.
        
               | programmarchy wrote:
               | Thankfully, I don't live in ancapistan, so I can vote
               | instead.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | Yes, and by voting the way that you do, you are creating
               | a housing crisis.
               | 
               | I'd like for people expressing these political
               | preferences to not be allowed to live in my neighbourhood
               | either, but unlike you, I also recognize that you have as
               | much right to live there as those 8 college students.
        
               | conanbatt wrote:
               | Actually if you live in the bay area, you live in an
               | oligarchy. A great part of the renters in the area cannot
               | vote and thus are not represented in this matter.
               | 
               | If foreigners could vote in San Francisco, the majority
               | of which are renters, it would overwhelmingly crush this
               | position.
        
               | jjav wrote:
               | > but as a homeowner with a family, I completely
               | understand.
               | 
               | Why do you understand? Why would you care how many people
               | live next door?
               | 
               | There are potential negatives, sure. Like noise or making
               | a mess outside. But those are already covered by other
               | ordinances, so just enforce those.
               | 
               | As a homeowner with a family, I wouldn't care if there
               | are 50 people stuffed living in the house next door. As
               | long as they're quiet and don't make a mess, it's none of
               | my business.
        
             | knodi123 wrote:
             | > legally I am forced to keep 3 bedrooms empty.
             | 
             | Not at all! Look into what it would take to lease them out
             | to a self-storage facility. :-P
        
           | RC_ITR wrote:
           | Exactly. Formerly the 'unseen' behavior was seasonal renting
           | brokered through agents or high-end advertising. This still
           | kept locals out of the house, but 1) it was harder for normal
           | people to become aware of the listings in the first place 2)
           | One renter who comes every weekend for an entire season
           | 'feels' more like a local.
           | 
           | Now what we have is listings that are easily found via google
           | and a much broader set of visitors whose faces change every
           | week. Our limited brains interpret that as a much bigger
           | shift than it may actually be.
        
           | qiskit wrote:
           | > If the population rises and we refuse to build more houses,
           | the existing ones will get more expensive no matter what.
           | 
           | Mix in low interest rates and you get a major property
           | bubble. Population growth and low interest rates are the two
           | major predictors of housing price increases.
        
           | jfoster wrote:
           | The problem is adversarial. If real estate were more
           | affordable, what of those who have invested in it?
        
           | esalman wrote:
           | Is the claim that not enough houses are being built or have
           | been built backed up by data? Real estate investors don't
           | seem to have much problem finding homes to turn into rentals.
        
           | tshaddox wrote:
           | > If the population rises and we refuse to build more houses
           | 
           | Building more houses is generally good too, but it's a bit of
           | a cop-out to blame the whole situation on that. Totally
           | independent of supply concerns, I would argue that it's not
           | great that in so many areas the value of homes seems to be
           | almost entirely divorced from _the fact that people need
           | homes to live in_.
           | 
           | Imagine if a bunch of very wealthy people just decided to
           | start collecting medicine, not to use as medicine, but to
           | just collect and perhaps sell later at a higher price. Is
           | that within their legal rights? Sure, it seems like it. Would
           | producing more medicine be a good thing? Yeah, sure, more
           | medicine is probably generally a good thing. But is it still
           | really crappy that people's habits for collecting medicine
           | are driving up the cost of medicine for people who want to
           | _take the darn medicine_? Yeah, it 's crappy.
        
             | conradev wrote:
             | The problem is that you can charge rent on a house but not
             | on medicine.
             | 
             | The problem in the market is that buying real estate is the
             | _economically rational_ thing to do, because you get great
             | returns on that capital, just like owning some amount of
             | stock.
             | 
             | The problem is primarily the structure of the market, and
             | not the actions of individuals within it. We need a land
             | value tax, and we need to make it easy to build new homes.
        
             | taurath wrote:
             | We need to make primary residences extremely more
             | advantageous tax-wise, and punish investment properties.
        
             | anchpop wrote:
             | In areas where home prices are high, the vast majority of
             | homes have people living in them. So the idea that home
             | prices are inflated by people buying homes and not doing
             | anything with them seems a bit suspect to me.
             | 
             | Additionally it kind of strains belief that people are
             | buying homes, paying property tax, etc. just because they
             | like collecting them the way a kid likes collecting pokemon
             | cards. More likely they'd buy a home because they expect
             | home prices to rise and they'll be able to sell the home
             | for more in the future. It may be unintuitive, but if your
             | market is not incredibly supply-constrained this is
             | actually a good thing.
             | 
             | Here's why. Let's say there's an up-and-coming college
             | town, and speculators think that in a few years the town
             | will become trendy and many people will want to move there.
             | If they're right, demand will go up and home prices will
             | rise. That means you can buy a home now on the cheap and
             | sell it in a couple years when houses are more expensive to
             | make a profit. But of course, when you buy a house now,
             | you're contributing to demand for houses, so you're making
             | the price rise in the present in response to a change in
             | demand you anticipate happening years from now. Since home
             | prices are rising, it now becomes more profitable for
             | people to build new homes. (Their costs haven't changed,
             | but now they can sell the homes to speculators who are
             | willing to pay a lot because _they_ expect to sell the
             | homes to the people who 'll move in as the town becomes
             | trendier.) So what you get is people building homes now _in
             | preparation_ for people wanting to move here years from
             | now. Making homes available will cause home prices to go
             | down, until the market is at equilibrium and homebuilders
             | are no longer willing to build homes for the price that
             | homebuyers are expected to be willing to pay.
             | 
             | So in theory it all works out quite nicely. In practice,
             | people who own the homes hate this because they like that
             | the home they bought for $200k in the 90s is worth $2M now,
             | so the lobby to get local governments to ban people from
             | building homes. If there were enough homes that everyone
             | who wanted to live there could, the prices of housing would
             | come crashing down and homeowners would lose the bag they
             | worked so hard to get (not).
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | My point isn't that people don't use their collectible
               | homes to live in. There are undoubtedly some vacant homes
               | used as collectibles, but that's not the whole problem.
               | The point is that the value of the homes are largely
               | divorced from the fact that people need homes to live in.
               | The fact that home prices have skyrocketed recently (and
               | certainly not simply due to population growth or a
               | reduction in supply) ought to make this fairly clear.
               | 
               | > Additionally it kind of strains belief that people are
               | buying homes, paying property tax, etc. just because they
               | like collecting them the way a kid likes collecting
               | pokemon cards. More likely they'd buy a home because they
               | expect home prices to rise and they'll be able to sell
               | the home for more in the future.
               | 
               | That second sentence is, of course, precisely what I'm
               | talking about. Although that is also the same motivation,
               | at least in my experience, of a lot of Pokemon card
               | collecting. When I was in middle school, you could buy a
               | Charizard for $100, and it wasn't because you could win
               | back that $100 by playing that Charizard in a tournament,
               | and it wasn't because you got $100 of value admiring the
               | aesthetics of the card. Also of note, those Charizards
               | now sell for tens of thousands of dollars, and it's still
               | not being of their value in competitive play or their
               | aesthetic value.
        
               | jjav wrote:
               | > In areas where home prices are high, the vast majority
               | of homes have people living in them.
               | 
               | When the very rich park wealth in real estate, it is
               | precisely in the ares where prices are highest. Not much
               | point in parking wealth in a cheap house in the midwest.
               | 
               | https://nypost.com/2021/08/05/nearly-half-of-luxury-
               | units-em...
        
               | mancerayder wrote:
               | Right. NYC is a bad example of "international rich buying
               | units not to live in and making it more expensive for
               | everyone else." It does happen, and it is a hedge for
               | international investors, but it's not always cost-
               | effective - unlike London, and I can explain why.
               | 
               | Of the NYC housing stock, close to 63% are rentals. Of
               | the rentals, more than half are regulated (stabilized
               | mostly). Of the owned homes, you have houses, condos and
               | co-ops. Co-ops predominate in Manhattan (where you'd
               | expect the rich to want to live), but condos only make up
               | the smallest fraction of the for-sale home types (115K
               | according to 2017 statistics).
               | 
               | Of the condos, if you're an international rich you want
               | low carry and maintenance costs. So typically they buy
               | the "tax abated" new luxury condos, and sure they accept
               | to eat the maintenance costs. But if they want to eat the
               | taxes, those can be ginormous, a quick streeteasy search
               | will confirm.
               | 
               | NYC is just a pain to do that in unless you want to be
               | there part of the time. Paris is like that - you buy for
               | your trips every few months to go shopping, or whatever
               | rich people do.
               | 
               | London is better, the carry costs are lower, being
               | instead of property taxes they rely on council taxes,
               | which first of all are WAY lower than anything property
               | tax in the U.S. (not the least of which NY State), but
               | secondly they capture more tax from the exchange (stamp
               | duty).
               | 
               | As always it's fine to explore injustice and sources of
               | inequality, but we have to be nuanced and analytical
               | before we repeat the slogans.
               | 
               | P.S. - the link above is from 2021. Yes, in summer of
               | 2021 the luxury units were empty because NYC was a shitty
               | place to live in 2021, not the least of which because of
               | how much had closed up, how much was still not opening,
               | and how unpleasant the sidewalks were. So if you're a
               | luxury rich person, you're going to spend the summer
               | where there are mountains or beaches.
               | 
               | Sources: https://rentguidelinesboard.cityofnewyork.us/wp-
               | content/uplo...
        
               | slavik81 wrote:
               | If the rich are parking their wealth in real estate, you
               | can take their wealth via property taxes. Many of the
               | places with this problem choose to have low taxes on real
               | estate, which is part of what makes it such a good
               | investment and drives the price up.
        
               | dionidium wrote:
               | The problem here is that there are something like 3.5
               | million housing units in New York City and Billionaires'
               | Row is like 5 buildings. It just simply doesn't matter if
               | _every single one_ of those units is empty. We 're not
               | talking about enough units to matter.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Billionaires row is hardly the only home sitting empty as
               | an investment. Further they represent an outsized share
               | of housing space even if the total number of apartments
               | isn't that high.
               | 
               | So even if 5 buildings out of 300 skyscrapers are at 50%
               | occupancy on their own don't matter much they still
               | impact the market when combined with similar investments.
               | Worse they prime the bubble by convincing more people to
               | invest without putting them up for rent.
        
               | dionidium wrote:
               | There's no evidence for this claim. It's a popular thing
               | to say, so I think it must _feel_ true for a lot of
               | people, but there 's no evidence for it and simple
               | arithmetic suggests that it's a red herring. The fact is
               | that vacancies in NYC are historically very low and
               | reached new all-time lows in Manhattan at the end of last
               | year.
               | 
               | People love the "investors and billionaires are buying up
               | the market" story because it suggests a convenient
               | villain, when the truth is that the millions of ordinary
               | Americans who oppose new housing in their neighborhoods
               | are a much bigger factor. Of course, that's not as
               | satisfying as blaming a Disney villain.
               | 
               | We've been under-building for decades. We have a massive
               | shortfall of new units, far beyond the number of empty
               | luxury apartments. Frankly, at this point I'd support a
               | meaningless vacancy tax just so we could put this
               | objection to bed and focus on things that matter.
               | 
               | https://www.cnbc.com/2021/12/09/new-york-city-rents-
               | jump-22p...
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | That's an odd takeaway from an article speaking of a 22+
               | rent from increase due to COVID bounce-back. Ultra short
               | term trends aren't particularly relevant compared to long
               | term trends.
               | 
               | One clear the example of the outsized impact is these
               | buildings bought up air rights from multiple properties.
               | So, they reduced the legally available space. When the
               | city makes space for ~100,000 apartments and actually
               | gets less than 1/10th that it's a problem.
               | 
               | Another is the extreme cost of the associated tax breaks
               | for affordable housing for minimal gain. The city set the
               | tax break based on price while the number of affordable
               | houses was based on the number of apartments. A seemingly
               | obvious problem looking back, but still a problem for
               | city residents.
        
               | dionidium wrote:
               | What we're seeing is a return to the long-term trend.
               | Vacancies in Manhattan have hovered around 2% for a long
               | time.
               | 
               | See:
               | https://www.millersamuel.com/files/2022/02/Feb22QNSrent-
               | nyVA...
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Which shows how important a seemingly small number of
               | long term unoccupied apartments are.
               | 
               | Another way of looking at 2% vacancy is over 20 years an
               | apartment is vacant less than 5 months. People move, die,
               | go to prison etc, so there is some inherent friction
               | represented in a 98% occupancy rate. Dropping to 1% long
               | term takes more than just higher demand it would require
               | increases in transaction efficiency.
        
               | chii wrote:
               | the air rights are a bit of a red herring, because if the
               | people in the city chooses to, they can easily abolish
               | air rights, and allow buildings that previously sold
               | their air rights to build it again!
               | 
               | And a couple of tall buildings in manhattan isn't gonna
               | be making any difference. The difference would come from
               | building denser everywhere.
        
             | gregable wrote:
             | Yes, and this would really be awful in the short term, but
             | in the medium term medicine companies would just spin up
             | more production until the "very wealthy people" demand has
             | been met and medicine becomes available again at some
             | reasonable price.
             | 
             | The fact that this is very likely prevents most of the
             | speculation in the first place.
             | 
             | The difference with real estate is that the owners get to
             | determine production levels, via local zoning laws.
             | 
             | Sure, there is some natural scarcity: Land cannot be
             | created, but in most cases artificial scarcity is the
             | issue.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | davidw wrote:
               | > The difference with real estate is that the owners get
               | to determine production levels, via local zoning laws.
               | 
               | I'm part of a local YIMBY group, and show up to hearings
               | to try and get housing built, write letters, etc...
               | 
               | I have never, ever seen 'investors' write in or speak at
               | these things. It's all our neighbors who show up and
               | scream about not building homes.
        
               | WindyLakeReturn wrote:
               | Could this be a side effect of efficiency? Much more
               | efficient for the investors to push for the ideas that
               | lead to local homeowners showing up to protest than to
               | protest themselves.
        
               | davidw wrote:
               | Investors don't have a voice locally. They don't write
               | letters to the editor or post on Nextdoor. Pretty much
               | all they have to do is sit back and reap the benefits of
               | angry neighbors doing all the dirty work of preventing
               | homes from being built. It's a pretty sweet gig. They
               | even say this stuff straight up in their SEC filings.
        
             | epistasis wrote:
             | This comment and analogy fundamentally misunderstands the
             | problem here, though:
             | 
             | > the value of homes seems to be almost entirely divorced
             | from the fact that people need homes to live in.
             | 
             | The value of homes is so high precisely because people need
             | somewhere to live, desperately. The price is not
             | disconnected from need, it's entirely because of need.
             | 
             | And it's not that wealthy people are buying and hoarding
             | homes. There's not some magic supply of 20-30% vacant
             | unoccupied housing, there's desperately low vacancies,
             | absolutely criminally low amounts of vacancies.
             | 
             | But refusing to acknowledge the panacea of building new
             | homes does serve the purpose of wealthy people who
             | currently own home. Because they are not hoarding homes,
             | they are hoarding _land_. They are hoarding access to the
             | ability to build more homes, the homes that are desperately
             | needed. And in high demand areas, every person that goes
             | and opposes new homes, that opposes upzoning, is directly
             | responsible for displacing however many people those new
             | homes would have built.
             | 
             | There is _only_ one solution to high home prices, and that
             | 's building more. (Well, we could also institute strict
             | border controls and price controls and completely destroy
             | freedom of movement and access to jobs.)
             | 
             | Downplaying the primacy and necessity of building enough
             | homes for people that want to live in an area only fuels
             | higher prices, more hoarding of land, and more exclusion.
             | There's zero upside to saying "we don't need to build"
             | except to enable further financialization of housing and
             | concentration of wealth in homeowners.
        
               | jen20 wrote:
               | > And it's not that wealthy people are buying and
               | hoarding homes.
               | 
               | This is exactly what buy to let landlords are doing.
        
               | epistasis wrote:
               | If they are renting them out, the homes are not being
               | hoarded, they are being lived in.
               | 
               | The real problem isn't a problem of vacant units, it's a
               | problem of unbuilt units.
        
               | nitrogen wrote:
               | This results in a transient population and concentration
               | of wealth, and reduced overall housing security. A
               | mortgage doesn't go up by 10% every year, but my rent
               | sure does.
        
             | thatfrenchguy wrote:
             | I mean, the US missed on building ~15m housing units in the
             | last decade, we can bitch about airbnb all day, that
             | doesn't make 15m housing unit appear.
        
             | darkerside wrote:
             | This happens all the time every day. Those rich people are
             | pharmacies like CVS and Walgreens. They buy the medicine,
             | stock it in smaller doses at an elevated price. It's really
             | not that different from investors buying a property and
             | offering it for short term rental so that people can enjoy
             | it in small doses.
        
             | paxys wrote:
             | Thing is if people start hoarding medicine then new
             | companies can pop up and fill in the gap, or existing ones
             | can increase production, making the whole thing pointless
             | to do. Same goes for every other "necessary to life"
             | product. Temporary disruptions will be handled by the
             | market in the long term, and in the worst case government
             | can step in and regulate. Housing is probably the only
             | sector where all the laws and regulations work the other
             | way - to actively stop you from building more of something
             | that everyone needs.
        
               | pandemicsoul wrote:
               | "Thing is if people start hoarding medicine then new
               | companies can pop up and fill in the gap"
               | 
               | That's not how the market works. That's not how patents
               | work. That's not how medicine works. That's not how any
               | of this works.
        
               | 3np wrote:
               | This is missing the point that land is a finite resource
               | and homes aren't fungible. It doesn't help most
               | Californians that more homes can be built in rural
               | Arkansas.
        
               | pj_mukh wrote:
               | Land is a finite resource but housing units are not. Once
               | America gets over it's love affair with single family
               | homes, we could undercut most speculators by just
               | building up.
        
               | newbamboo wrote:
               | Nonesense. People are going homeless because they can't
               | pay 3k a month to rent a shitty studio. Low income
               | housing cannot be produced for less. Boomers wanting to
               | mow lawns is obviously, for clear thinking individuals,
               | not even a factor.
        
               | bliteben wrote:
               | Why can't the US just have less people with a higher
               | standard of living? Why is "progress" always more. Why do
               | we have to make everything worse by shifting the baseline
               | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shifting_baseline).
        
               | pj_mukh wrote:
               | Because a higher standard of living requires more people
               | to come up with the said standard of living (see:
               | history, the shifting of innovation centers to population
               | centers)
               | 
               | The degrowth movements garden variety neo-pastoralist
               | misanthropy makes it blind to the fact that more humans
               | (given a good system of governance and rules) is actually
               | an amazing thing.
        
               | jasd wrote:
               | In the last 2 years condo prices in the Seattle area have
               | stayed flat while everyone is desperate to buy townhomes
               | and single families that are becoming out of reach for
               | most. That makes me wonder if building up will actually
               | fix the issue.
        
               | zamfi wrote:
               | That condo prices are staying flat is fantastic news.
               | 
               | Now we just need to build condos that are appropriate for
               | all stages of life -- not just young singlehood and
               | coupledom.
               | 
               | Building up will not solve the "not enough SFH/townhomes"
               | problem, but it will fix the homeownership problem. And
               | it may help with the former, if there are enough current
               | SFH/townhome owners who would prefer a really nice condo
               | close to work/downtown/parks/amenities/etc.
               | 
               | But one issue there is that we currently build condos but
               | don't build the public spaces that serve to supplement
               | them and make them comfortable for, e.g., families with
               | kids. As a result, they're full of a certain demographic,
               | and less appealing to others, reinforcing the issue.
        
               | darkerside wrote:
               | > Now we just need to build condos that are appropriate
               | for all stages of life -- not just young singlehood and
               | coupledom.
               | 
               | Can you share some ideas about what this would look like?
        
               | kag0 wrote:
               | not the original commenter, but I think they said it
               | 
               | > we currently build condos but don't build the public
               | spaces that serve to supplement them and make them
               | comfortable for, e.g., families with kids.
               | 
               | you need
               | 
               | * several bedrooms
               | 
               | * some utility space (for things one would have otherwise
               | done in the garage)
               | 
               | * nearby [safe] parks and playgrounds
               | 
               | * nearby recreation centers
               | 
               | * good schools
               | 
               | etc
        
               | pj_mukh wrote:
               | I like what culdesac is trying: https://culdesac.com/
               | 
               | If we could only scale and therefore make this cheaper.
        
               | Aeolun wrote:
               | Most people obviously want a family home, but it would be
               | an improvent if they actually have an alternative.
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | Yeah, most condos in Seattle are in downtown area, and
               | downtown Seattle really went to shit over past few years.
               | Places are closed down, crazy homeless harass you on
               | every intersection, and trash and tents are everywhere.
               | No wonder few want to live there, keeping pressure on
               | prices relatively low.
        
               | boondaburrah wrote:
               | There are plenty of cities worldwide where building up
               | has worked. Regardless, if buying a town home or single-
               | family has become out of reach, it's far better to have
               | /something/ to live in rather than be forced to fight the
               | market for a small box in a high-rise that you still
               | can't afford.
        
               | tmp_anon_22 wrote:
               | Single Family homes have the benefit of more autonomy
               | where as building up means you're living on-top of your
               | neighbor, its not binary but we should acknowledge the
               | clear QoL tradeoffs of condensed living.
               | 
               | Maybe its inevitable and necessary to force more people
               | into condensed housing, maybe the societal benefits
               | really outweigh the tradeoffs.
        
               | chii wrote:
               | > clear QoL tradeoffs of condensed living.
               | 
               | and that's why single family homes should be more
               | expensive, because it is better. People continue to bid
               | it up, because they still believe that the price is worth
               | and hasn't reached a ceiling yet.
               | 
               | In asian hubs like hong kong or shanghai, they've reached
               | a certain ceiling on land, and so building up is now what
               | most people could buy and so they do that. The cities in
               | countries like canada, australia and the west coast of
               | the US, it hasn't reached that point due to large
               | available land mass, and people prefer commute (or WFH
               | now!) over living densely.
               | 
               | Of course, regulation plays a part - i think there's
               | unnecessarily large amount of red tape in making taller
               | denser buildings, as well as a lobby of existing owners
               | who don't want it near themselves.
        
               | pj_mukh wrote:
               | This is a massive failure of imagination. I moved into a
               | new 5 by 1. Don't even know who lives above me (never
               | heard em). Sound Insulation has come a long way.
               | 
               | There's a lot that can be done to add autonomy and
               | privacy to the condo living. And then more to make it
               | cheaper and accessible. It's mostly a technical problem.
        
               | clhodapp wrote:
               | If people can reasonably afford a (non-tiny) condo but
               | pine after a single family home that they can't afford,
               | there isn't a housing crisis there's economic diversity.
        
               | davidw wrote:
               | No one's "forcing" anything. Legalize the housing, and if
               | no one wants it, it won't be built. The problem is that
               | it's not legal in so many places.
        
               | greesil wrote:
               | The invisible hand is sometimes a fist.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | BucketsMcG wrote:
               | As far as I'm concerned the quality-of-life tradeoff
               | heavily favours higher-density housing.
               | 
               | I live in an apartment block and so does everybody else
               | for miles around. Our building, like almost every other
               | around here, tops out at seven storeys. It's very solidly
               | constructed, so there's little to no noise from
               | neighbours, not that they make much noise to begin with
               | as they're a pretty considerate bunch.
               | 
               | The downside to this way of living is almost nonexistent,
               | but the upside is massive. Instead of everybody having
               | their own plot of land that's too small to do anything
               | really interesting with, and which they have to maintain
               | themselves, we have a communal garden. When that's not
               | enough, there are no less than four parks within two
               | minutes' walk.
               | 
               | Because this higher density of living is able to sustain
               | more amenities, everything you could possibly ever need
               | is, at most, a short bike ride away. And I do mean
               | everything. Bars, restaurants, shops, medical facilities,
               | swimming pools, a velodrome, a planetarium...
               | 
               | I've no need of a car because it's all on my doorstep. If
               | I do need to travel, public transport's great.
               | 
               | You can keep your "autonomy", I'll be too busy reaping
               | the benefits of living among other people to worry about
               | that.
        
               | bliteben wrote:
               | You might as well live in the matrix, you seem to live in
               | an artificial world with no connection to nature. I
               | myself desire to live on the edge of "civilization" as
               | much as I can, I know this presents a conundrum in that
               | I'm creating a market for destroying it, but this is a
               | human condition as old as time.
        
               | camgunz wrote:
               | Isn't this most people in rich countries? The line's
               | pretty fuzzy, but in most rich countries you're
               | disconnected from nature unless your job is in nature
               | (ranger, landscaper, farmer, ag researcher) or homeless.
        
               | BucketsMcG wrote:
               | 20-30 minutes on a bike and I'm out in the sticks, a bit
               | further and there are forests and lakes aplenty. Higher-
               | density living means less sprawl and a shorter distance
               | from city centre to back of beyond.
        
               | seattle_spring wrote:
               | > It's very solidly constructed, so there's little to no
               | noise from neighbours, not that they make much noise to
               | begin with as they're a pretty considerate bunch.
               | 
               | Neither of these things have been even remotely true in
               | any apartment I've lived in the US, even ones billed
               | "luxury". It's always been thin-walled garbage where I
               | can hear every word of every conversation of my
               | neighbors, who have typically felt that listening to
               | music 24 hours a day and slamming down their boots while
               | walking between rooms is the right thing to do.
        
               | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
               | _> It's always been thin-walled garbage where I can hear
               | every word of every conversation of my neighbors_
               | 
               | I feel this is mostly a US problem.
               | 
               | In most of Europe, apartment blocks are solidly built,
               | especially the older ones, even in Eastern Europe.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | midhhhthrow wrote:
               | The problem isn't finite land. It's finite voters and the
               | politicians that represent them. In CA, the most crowded
               | state, There are more acres than people! And somehow we
               | still have a housing shortage.
               | 
               | You can go out into the middle of nowhere in CA and find
               | houses huddled together 2 feet from another behind a
               | giant wall, like some kind of nazi concentration camp for
               | houses. And the sadest part is that there's tons of land
               | in every direction you look and people are forced to
               | commute vast distances.
        
               | markdown wrote:
               | LVT would fix that almost immediately.
        
               | wwweston wrote:
               | > In CA, the most crowded state, There are more acres
               | than people!
               | 
               | Oh, well then, we'll just assign each person an acre,
               | problem solved.
               | 
               | Which one do you want? Apparently you'll be fine with one
               | -- maybe even two -- in the middle of nowhere, as your
               | comment seems to assume that each has equal value,
               | independent of either natural or social geography.
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | In the US we are nowhere near land being a concern.
               | That's a cop-out.
        
               | Ma8ee wrote:
               | The relevant metric is _land within a reasonable commute
               | to an attractive city centre_.
        
               | bryananderson wrote:
               | This is not in short supply either. In California, the
               | capital of the American housing crisis, the overwhelming
               | majority of new residential development in the last 50+
               | years is low-density single-family on greenfield land.
               | This is certainly true within the high-demand metro areas
               | like the Bay and Greater LA. We could multiply the
               | housing supply of these metro areas by many times without
               | _ever_ building on greenfield land _ever again_. The land
               | is unbelievably not scarce. It is just illegal to put a
               | sane number of people on it.
        
               | ww_wpg wrote:
               | The legal restrictions on where you can build a new home
               | are more of a problem in California than in rural
               | Arkansas so your response doesn't address OP's point.
        
               | jjav wrote:
               | > Thing is if people start hoarding medicine then new
               | companies can pop up and fill in the gap, or existing
               | ones can increase production, making the whole thing
               | pointless to do.
               | 
               | Hoarding medicine isn't a trend and even so, this market
               | correction doesn't happen. Look at all the medicines with
               | insanely high prices because there won't be any
               | competition.
        
               | chii wrote:
               | Some medicines are high price because of market
               | intervention by gov't (or regulatory capture) - like epi-
               | pens. Some medicines are high priced because noone really
               | needs it, and the few remaining bear the brunt of the
               | cost (or society subsidize the cost via taxation).
               | 
               | How come aspirin or penicillin isn't expensive? They are
               | more commonly used, and so if the hoarding method works,
               | it would've been even more profitable!
        
               | tempestn wrote:
               | How come insulin _is_ expensive?
        
               | andrepd wrote:
               | >Temporary disruptions will be handled by the market in
               | the long term
               | 
               | This is the sort of gospel/dogma that free market
               | absolutists like to propagate, but plainly reality proves
               | this wrong. Markets are a tool, but not a universally
               | useful one.
        
               | darkerside wrote:
               | Not so plain to the rest of us. Can you explain what
               | makes this so evident?
        
               | cma wrote:
               | > Housing is probably the only sector where all the laws
               | and regulations work the other way - to actively stop you
               | from building more of something that everyone needs.
               | 
               | The patent system does this in medicine.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | The patent system does that everywhere. That's its
               | purpose. The FDA does it in medicine.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | Okay, but how deep is the appetite for buying medicine as
               | collectibles? What if doubling the production of medicine
               | just means that now the wealthiest 2% collects all the
               | medicine instead of the wealthiest 1%? Not to mention,
               | how long will it take to ramp up all this medicine
               | production?
        
               | mistrial9 wrote:
               | no, no - this is a real-estate Zillow thread BUT.. search
               | for "pharma bros" and you will see this is not a fanciful
               | example
        
               | briHass wrote:
               | Yeah, but much like housing shortages, the classic cases
               | of 'pharma bros' (Shkreli, et. al) is due in large part
               | to the government. He, specifically, was able to jack
               | prices because his company owned the patents (gov issued
               | and controlled) and manufacturing license (gov issued) to
               | rare but important drugs.
        
             | jsnk wrote:
             | This analogy is quite lacking.
             | 
             | You should also mention that this medicine rich people are
             | collecting also has dozens of other alternative medicines
             | with hundreds of thousands in volume because other cities
             | exist.
             | 
             | Also you should mention that some of these rich people are
             | not rich people at all, but working class people who's
             | lived in a location for decades which has become a
             | desirable location in recent years thanks to some other
             | people who generated wealth in the area.
             | 
             | Also you forgot to bring up the local government ran by
             | some of these rich people who are blocking any measure to
             | increase the supply of the medicine in the area. This
             | certainly can crash the entrenched medicine cartel in the
             | city, but some of these cities are North Korean style de
             | facto one party system where no other opposition may
             | challenge the status quo.
        
               | giraffe_lady wrote:
               | Cites are not fungible, I hate that this always comes up.
               | I have relationships here going back to my childhood, I
               | sometimes visit the grave of the person I am named for, I
               | spend every sunday afternoon cooking and eating with the
               | 97-year-old who took me in and nursed me back to health
               | decades ago. If I move to another city these things
               | aren't coming with.
               | 
               | Now you can dismiss these things as inherently less
               | meaningful than, and therefore rightly subjected to, the
               | economic desires of asset holders. That's a much more
               | radical position than I think you're wanting to take here
               | though. When you say or imply people facing unaffordable
               | housing can just move somewhere else, this is a position
               | you're endorsing.
               | 
               | The analogy doesn't have to cover every nuance of the
               | situation to be valuable. A necessity of life has become
               | a competitive investment vehicle, and the people most
               | hurt by this are told that it is good and correct and
               | they should accept it by wildly upending their lives for
               | no personal benefit.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | > A necessity of life has become a competitive investment
               | vehicle
               | 
               | My perspective is that a necessity of life (land) has
               | started bumping up against the limits of nature.
               | Population has drastically increased, and for various
               | reasons such as increased access to information, economic
               | agglomeration, etc, certain areas of land are in far more
               | demand than others relative to supply.
               | 
               | Allocating scarce resources (sufficient land to have a
               | detached single family home and a driveway) in such a
               | scenario will always lead to some people getting what
               | they want, while others do not.
               | 
               | Some options are (not exclusive to these)
               | 
               | -letting certain classes of people have higher priority
               | than others (such as California's law that keeps property
               | taxes artificially low for those who were there before
               | others)
               | 
               | -letting the amount of money determine who gets to live
               | where, due to increasing house prices and commensurate
               | increases in property taxes.
               | 
               | -changing zoning laws so that areas are modified from low
               | density to high density housing, increasing the supply.
               | This one causes various knock on effects, hence it is
               | fought against in popular places that have reached its
               | limits under the existing scheme (such as Bay Area and
               | SFH)
               | 
               | There are no options where no one has to sacrifice. The
               | investment vehicle aspect of land is negligible and more
               | of a consequence of the extreme variations in demand of
               | land in different regions.
        
               | moltke wrote:
               | Then we should absolutely stop and do our best to reverse
               | immigration. Under your model immigration is how 3rd
               | world countries export their unsustainable behavior.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | > My perspective is that a necessity of life (land) has
               | started bumping up against the limits of nature.
               | Population has drastically increased, and for various
               | reasons such as increased access to information, economic
               | agglomeration, etc, certain areas of land are in far more
               | demand than others relative to supply.
               | 
               | I think this is another all-too-convenient scapegoat,
               | similar to "we just need more houses." I would again
               | suggest that perhaps the problem really truly is that
               | people are using houses as collectibles rather than as
               | places to live.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | As an illustration of how different the supply/demand
               | situation is across the US, see this data:
               | 
               | https://www.redfin.com/news/?p=73975
               | 
               | All the data I see does not indicate that people are
               | buying regular houses as collectibles in hot markets.
               | There is simply that much demand and basically no supply,
               | especially in western cities. I do not have hard data on
               | how many of these sales are owner occupied or not, but
               | from personal experience over the past 10+ years, none of
               | these neighborhoods seem empty for part or all of the
               | year.
        
               | jjav wrote:
               | > If I move to another city these things aren't coming
               | with.
               | 
               | This is the reason for things like California Prop 13. It
               | gives a benefit to long-time locals to continue living in
               | the same place. Which on the whole seems like a good
               | thing. People can set down roots and become "locals"
               | instead of having a city of ever-changing population who
               | then don't really care so much about the area because
               | they are transient and will be moving away soon.
               | 
               | But most housing threads on HN favor the idea that
               | incoming outsiders should be able to efficiently displace
               | locals as long as they have more money to do so, and thus
               | oppose prop 13.
        
               | lostapathy wrote:
               | People who are born and grown up in an area but can't
               | stay as adults are also "locals" that are hurt by prop
               | 13.
        
               | sonofhans wrote:
               | I love your comment, and this way of thinking.
               | 
               | > A necessity of life has become a competitive investment
               | vehicle, and the people most hurt by this are told that
               | it is good and correct and they should accept it by
               | wildly upending their lives for no personal benefit.
               | 
               | I agree also with your other comments that this view is
               | fundamentally inhuman. So many people in this thread are
               | responding with, "Don't like it? Move!" To the extent
               | that is a humane viewpoint it is either privileged or
               | defeatist. Society is us. We have chosen social policy
               | which turns the fundaments of life into investment
               | strategies for the over-propertied. We can choose
               | differently.
        
               | chii wrote:
               | > Society is us. We have chosen social policy which turns
               | the fundaments of life into investment strategies for the
               | over-propertied. We can choose differently.
               | 
               | no we cannot, because it's not a choice. It's an effect.
               | A different "choice" to have a desirable effect of your
               | choosing is both hard, and can (and will, i bet) have
               | undesirable consequences. A choice for example, could be
               | to switch to a command economy instead, but i bet that
               | would create housing projects that noone wants to live
               | in.
        
               | bawolff wrote:
               | Scarcity doesn't go away just because we wish it would.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | > Cites are not fungible, I hate that this always comes
               | up.
               | 
               | Yep. Why should we tell people "cities are fungible, just
               | go live somewhere else so we can buy all the collectible
               | homes here" instead of "cities are fungible, just go buy
               | collectible homes somewhere else so we can live here"?
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | They aren't fungible to you, but to other people moving
               | into your city from somewhere else because of economic
               | opportunities they are (or they wouldn't have moved so
               | easily).
        
               | pyuser583 wrote:
               | Thank you!
               | 
               | This comes up a lot when people argue in favor reforming
               | how real estate is taxed.
               | 
               | When real estate isn't for sale, it's "value" is
               | synthetic.
               | 
               | I wouldn't actually sell my house for less than 400% what
               | similar homes are worth.
               | 
               | For some people that means the value is 400% that of
               | similar homes.
               | 
               | Thankfully the real estate tax folks don't see it that
               | way.
        
               | chii wrote:
               | I actually want tax valuation to work like an offer - the
               | tax man can choose to purchase your home for the
               | valuation you use for taxation (you don't pay the tax in
               | that case), or accept the tax payment.
               | 
               | if you value your house too high, you'd pay more tax than
               | you'd need of course, but guarantee that it isn't going
               | to be immediately bought up by the tax man. If you value
               | it too low, you're risking a sale. So the ideal is to
               | value it at market price - where the tax man will have no
               | incentive to actually buy it out.
        
               | pyuser583 wrote:
               | In practice, wouldn't this be regressive (tax poor more
               | and rich less)?
               | 
               | Imagine a homeowner who uses public transportation, sends
               | their children to public schools, and and supplements
               | their income with public assistance.
               | 
               | They need to create a price for their home. They live in
               | an area with good public transit and good public schools.
               | These public services figure heavily into the price of
               | the house, pushing it up for tax purposes.
               | 
               | Imagine the same house being owned by someone who sends
               | their kids to private schools and drives everywhere. The
               | quality of public schools and transportation doesn't
               | affect the value of the house.
               | 
               | In practice, people who are poor are less mobile than
               | people who are wealthy. This tax system favors people who
               | are mobile (and don't consume public services).
               | 
               | How important is it that you stay at your current
               | residence? The more you make, the easier the move (moving
               | costs money too).
               | 
               | Also, because public assistance doesn't change with the
               | value of the home, the larger the tax payment, the
               | greater the fraction of the tax bill it is.
               | 
               | This sounds nice, but is ultimately a tax on people who
               | aren't mobile.
        
               | lelanthran wrote:
               | > I actually want tax valuation to work like an offer -
               | the tax man can choose to purchase your home for the
               | valuation you use for taxation (you don't pay the tax in
               | that case), or accept the tax payment.
               | 
               | >
               | 
               | > if you value your house too high, you'd pay more tax
               | than you'd need of course, but guarantee that it isn't
               | going to be immediately bought up by the tax man. If you
               | value it too low, you're risking a sale. So the ideal is
               | to value it at market price - where the tax man will have
               | no incentive to actually buy it out.
               | 
               | I use to think this too, but it looks too easily gamed,
               | and over many iterations the taxman would be left selling
               | a bunch of properties lower than the price they paid for
               | it.
               | 
               | In effect, this would be passed off onto the taxpayers,
               | so the net effect is going to be that the taxpayers are
               | paying for the profits of private speculators who
               | purchase from the taxman and sell or rent the property
               | for a profit.
        
               | pyuser583 wrote:
               | But what if that number isn't near what anyone would
               | actually pay for the house?
               | 
               | Say, I live next door to my child's school, and an
               | elderly parent I care for.
               | 
               | I might not sell for anything.
               | 
               | The "market price" has to include what people are willing
               | to pay for the item, not just what they're willing to
               | sell for.
        
           | tunap wrote:
           | "...the truth is that speculation in real estate and vacation
           | towns have both been a thing for a very long time."
           | 
           | Eh, in the US, it was limited by the Glass-Steagal
           | protections enacted after the speculators ruined the world
           | economy almost 100 years ago. We can thank the 'Modernisation
           | Acts' of 1999/2000 and QE for the economic rollercoaster in
           | the US(so goes the world?) for the last 20 years in housing,
           | energy & metals.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_Steagal
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gramm%E2%80%93Leach%E2%80%93Bl.
           | ..
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodity_Futures_Modernizatio.
           | ..
        
           | rednerrus wrote:
           | We lost four years of housing growth because of the
           | recession.
        
           | MrMan wrote:
           | where I live all they do is build houses. this idea that we
           | arent building houses mystifies me.
        
           | thelock85 wrote:
           | That speculation is being scaled/super-charged through
           | technology, and making the proposed solution to build more
           | harder, in part because an increase in corporate landlording
           | dilutes the political power of regular homeowners.
           | 
           | I'm really trying to think of reasons why a PE market maker
           | that just bought a sub-division would want to build more and
           | depress their future rents (unless the area has massive
           | population growth).
        
           | hyperbovine wrote:
           | > The solution is out there in front of us but everyone
           | prefers to dance around it.
           | 
           | Could not agree more, just so we're all on the same page it
           | is:
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_population_planning
           | 
           | Oh, sorry, were you referring to something else? :-)
        
           | JaimeThompson wrote:
           | A town close to me has lots of land to build new homes, few
           | restrictions, fast fiber Internet and prices are still going
           | up way faster than before which seems to indicate multiple
           | things are causing this.
        
           | ar_lan wrote:
           | NIMBYs are a special breed of evil
        
           | daniel-cussen wrote:
           | And commensurately there's a tight relationship between the
           | percentage of income spent on rent (often cited as a third,
           | it used to be less than half that), and the percentage of
           | people on the street.
        
           | somewhereoutth wrote:
           | The problem is that interest rates are too low. 5% interest
           | rates would fix house prices (and other capital mis-
           | allocation).
           | 
           | The reason why lots of boomers are sitting on large amounts
           | of housing equity is that they bought _before_ the transition
           | to low rates. The reverse will also hold - anyone buying now
           | before the transition to higher rates will get clobbered (in
           | terms of loan to equity - probably they 'll be ok repayment
           | wise so long as they have a fixed mortgage)
        
           | knodi123 wrote:
           | > The solution is out there in front of us but everyone
           | prefers to dance around it.
           | 
           | Jesus, man, slow down. It's a little early to start
           | suggesting cannibalism as a solution to the housing crisis.
        
           | karlkatzke wrote:
           | What's funny is how much property values and rent have risen
           | in the US in 2020 to 2022, when population growth has been
           | flat due to Covid. (Population has increased 1 million in
           | that time, from 331.5 million to 332.5 million.) obviously,
           | newborns aren't buying houses, but the excess deaths (not to
           | mention early retirements requiring around the clock care)
           | were entirely due to Covid and should have opened up a number
           | of properties for first time homebuyers.
        
           | Taylor_OD wrote:
           | Sure building more houses help but many houses sit empty.
           | There are other problems.
        
           | adam_arthur wrote:
           | Number of housing units to households is the same as year
           | 2000. 1.1:1
           | 
           | So the undersupply story is a myth. There has been a recent
           | pull forward in demand that ate through all active listings
           | though.
        
             | jxm262 wrote:
             | Im genuinely curious to read more on this. Know of a source
             | for that number or some resources I can try to research on
             | the topic? I just mostly see people reaching for
             | conclusions but see very little data to back it up.
        
               | adam_arthur wrote:
               | All the relevant data is on FRED
               | 
               | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/TTLHH
               | 
               | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/ETOTALUSQ176N
               | 
               | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/UNDCONTSA
               | 
               | Homes actively under construction is about to hit an all
               | time high, higher than the 70s peak
               | 
               | Plus consider demographics. Millennial hump has passed
               | avg home buying age, and there are demographic headwinds
               | going forward, unless immigration policy becomes more
               | permissive. Of course demographic impact will take decade
               | or more to play out.
               | 
               | By demographic headwinds, I mean fewer young people, e.g.
               | Inverted population pyramid. See Japan or China for how
               | this will play out
        
       | rahimnathwani wrote:
       | "Do market makers in the stock market run into this problem?"
       | 
       | Yes, that's why they have to account for the probability that
       | whoever hits their bid is an informed trader (vs.
       | uninformed/noise trader). And it's part of the reason they can
       | provide price improvement when they source order flow from retail
       | brokers, whose customers are mainly uninformed/noise traders.
        
       | krinchan wrote:
       | It definitely feels like market making is something all parties
       | involved in a real estate transaction would like. The article
       | lays out the problems of applying the concept to real estate
       | pretty clearly.
       | 
       | Personally, I think the physical cost of holding inventory and
       | the lack of commodity status (commoditization?) for houses is
       | manageable, if not outright surmountable. I think the condition
       | that simply must change for this business model to work is the
       | velocity of buying and selling residential real estate. Until you
       | can go from "I want this" to "I bought this" or "I want to sell
       | this" to "I sold this" in a scale of days if not hours, any
       | market maker in residential real estate is going to end up a
       | market risk taker implicitly betting on the future price of the
       | property. Even if Zillow could move directly from closing on the
       | house from the seller to initiating a sell to another buyer in
       | less than 24 hours, there's still several weeks involved. If the
       | market is volatile, that's a substantial risk exposure.
       | 
       | Simply put, it needs to be possible to move the title twice in 24
       | hours along with some way to finance a buyer on a very
       | accelerated timescale. Both of these things will need reforms at
       | all levels of government: municipal, state, and federal. I just
       | don't see that happening for a very long time, to be honest.
        
       | Invictus0 wrote:
       | I wonder how this would have ended up if they just dealt in
       | options instead of taking on the inventory. For those that don't
       | know, a real estate option gives the holder the right to buy the
       | property at a fixed price within a certain timeframe, in exchange
       | for a premium. This would have been a much better way to learn
       | the market than diving straight into home purchases.
        
         | sokoloff wrote:
         | Most people who are selling their house are doing so in order
         | to buy another one. That is to say they need the money from the
         | sale to close on their other house. Selling an option on a
         | house you live in is a pretty terrible idea since if the market
         | takes off, your option gets called, you're out of a house and
         | into a market that's skyrocketing.
         | 
         | I don't think there's enough benefit to sellers to make buying
         | options feasible.
        
           | devoutsalsa wrote:
           | Now I want to sell puts on over priced houses.
        
             | projektfu wrote:
             | I will buy your put on an overpriced house!
        
       | projektfu wrote:
       | The author buried the lede. Zillow came up with a model to choose
       | bid and ask prices. The model said, "Don't buy". They didn't
       | believe the model and chased the deal, and lost money.
       | 
       | Sometimes it's better to sit on your hands.
        
         | shp0ngle wrote:
         | Yeah this article makes it sounds like algorithmic trading is
         | wrong by design, but that's not really true in this case at
         | least
        
       | Otternonsenz wrote:
       | As a current residential real estate appraiser, and coming from
       | being a developer for a large corporation that is very active in
       | this space, this has been eye opening yet unsurprising to watch
       | from where I sit with access to all the transactions in my area
       | (I service the Phoenix-Metro and outlying areas).
       | 
       | In appraisal after appraisal after appraisal within the last 6-7
       | months, I have watched Zillow, Opendoor, and OfferUp getting
       | cleaned out to the tune of losing $30,000 - $60,000 on home after
       | home in some neighborhoods. And in AZ, Zillow and Opendoor have
       | been buying and selling in this market pretty healthily the past
       | few years, and we're it not for themselves and the buying frenzy
       | of last Spring and Summer, they probably would not have gotten as
       | hurt here in the Valley. They got suckered into paying top dollar
       | in a market that was at its peak, and their algos were not
       | trained to deal with the human factors causing this.
       | 
       | When I was working as a developer for a real estate tech company,
       | it was made very clear that this company, along with any other
       | iBuyer are able to show homes and come up with estimates is
       | because they have local access just like realtors, appraisers,
       | and developers to a Multiple Listing Service (MLS). In fact, the
       | company I worked for had access to every MLS in the US; They
       | would use the data from any of these MLSs to populate their front
       | end product, which would then be influenced by their data science
       | team to give the "estimate" based on whatever factors they deemed
       | appropriate.
       | 
       | As someone whose job is predicated on objectively using primarily
       | historical (for the past year) MLS/County data to asses what the
       | market will allow a home to be valued at, it pains me to see
       | people being taken advantage of by companies like Zillow who want
       | to be "market makers" while not thinking through the implications
       | of their strategies past making money on "easy" flips.
       | 
       | All this at the cost of local communities home values losing
       | touch with the realities of the people who are living in an area
       | to live, not invest. And here in Phoenix, it's only gotten worse
       | for anyone who doesn't already have generational or attained
       | wealth to find affordable housing.
       | 
       | The median price as of the past few months has cooled down to
       | $350,000 - $400,000 for what would be considered normal for a
       | less-than 2,000 square foot home. But, in some areas of the
       | valley, it's gotten so ridiculous that a sub 2,000 sf house is
       | able to sell for $610,000.
       | 
       | On the one hand, I can appreciate these types of companies and
       | business practices because they will keep me in a job making
       | sense of the messes they make in the micro. On the other hand in
       | a macro view, I hope this shakes some sense into the C-suite and
       | product teams of these platforms that they need to approach this
       | less as a "move fast, break things" type enterprise, for
       | themselves and the communities they impact with their choices.
        
       | bghdrmz wrote:
       | I feel this is happening in the automotive space. Companies like
       | carlots and carvana have been completely swallowing up all supply
       | and driving prices up well beyond fair value.
        
         | bduerst wrote:
         | It's definitely happening, also compounded by chip shortages
         | and supply chain issues. I've leased the last six years but
         | only in the 8 months have I had dealerships calling me with
         | offers to buy out my lease just to get the car back early.
        
       | alecbz wrote:
       | > Here's the problem: my autodraft team ended up with a roster
       | almost exclusively stocked with the players idiosyncratically
       | overrated by Yahoo!. For example, an older player whose younger
       | backup had just earned praise from the coach, suggesting that he
       | might be about to lose his job.
       | 
       | I guess this is pretty obvious but just to be explicit, what's
       | happening I guess is that players that are "correctly" valued by
       | the algorithm are getting taken by others, and only the
       | overvalued ones are left for the algorithm to choose.
        
       | jjice wrote:
       | It's such a glaring red flag that one of the largest public
       | resources for getting pricing information on housing is also
       | buying and selling that housing. Come on, this is so glaringly
       | abusable that any teenager could tell you what's wrong.
        
         | ianferrel wrote:
         | And yet they lost hundreds of millions, so maybe not as
         | abusable as you might imagine.
        
         | lotsofpulp wrote:
         | Can you illustrate the mechanism of abuse? Pricing information
         | on housing is readily available to almost everyone, outside of
         | the couple stated that do not mandate it. Zillow makes it
         | easier, but Redfin and realtor.com and countyoffice.org and
         | other websites offer the same information scraped from
         | municipal websites.
        
           | stjohnswarts wrote:
           | The prinicipal of separation of concerns should be all you
           | need for a legal reason for keeping listing companies like
           | zillow from also participating in the market. Clearly they
           | are a company, company's only limitations are they exist to
           | make as much money as possible for share holders and they
           | have no morals, only regulations and laws limit their
           | actions. Therefore they shouldn't be in the business of
           | buying/selling houses if their main goal is to list house
           | values, that is a severe conflict of interest.
        
             | morgante wrote:
             | Separation of concerns is not a legal concept.
             | 
             | Zillow does _not_ have any fundamental control over the
             | market. They do not have any obligation to show true
             | prices. They are a private entity who _happens_ to offer
             | price estimates a service. Nobody is ever forced to buy or
             | sell at that price.
        
           | afterburner wrote:
           | Zillow could lie about regional home values and blame it on
           | their "secret sauce".
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | Why would anyone trust Zillow's opinions over anyone else's
             | opinion? Everyone has access to the same historical sales
             | data that the market actually cleared at. In fact, it is
             | has never been easier for the average person to research
             | historical sales information. They can filter the
             | parameters of the house they are interested in the area
             | they are interested and find all the previous sales data,
             | all while sitting on the toilet, thanks to websites like
             | Redfin and Zillow.
             | 
             | They can "lie" all they want, it makes no difference to
             | what price a house sells for.
        
               | afterburner wrote:
               | People tell outrageous lies on Facebook all the time and
               | they seem to work.
               | 
               | Deception works (especially subtle deception), and
               | laziness is a thing.
               | 
               | Also, Zillow's current value estimates are about
               | "current" values, not past values.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Zillow's current value estimates are their opinion (or
               | what they want people to think is their opinion).
               | Regardless, it is no different than a real estate agent
               | or a cashier at target saying they think a specific
               | property is worth $x.
               | 
               | At the end of the day, a buyer and seller coming together
               | and agreeing on a price is the only thing that matters. A
               | seller pays as much as they do because they do not have a
               | better option, and a buyer sells for as little as they do
               | because they have no better option. Zillow cannot affect
               | this.
        
               | afterburner wrote:
               | Perception matters. Direction and rate of value increases
               | in a neighbourhood matters. The perception of the
               | neighbourhood affects the value of a particular property.
               | 
               | Zillow can affect that perception. It is making calls
               | about entire neighbourhoods, not just one property that
               | it has a declared interest in. It is acting as a supposed
               | uninterested party (valuing the market overall) and an
               | interested party (benefiting from the valuing of a
               | particular property). That's the potential conflict of
               | interest.
               | 
               | How much home buying do real estate agents engage in vs
               | just acting as an agent, compared to Zillow (in relative
               | terms)? I don't know, maybe it's similar...
        
       | cloutchaser wrote:
       | How did opendoor manage to do the same thing better? The article
       | seems like a takedown of the model, but opendoor managed to do
       | the same thing profitably.
       | 
       | From what I've read it seems Zillow never had the actual
       | expertise to do this, they were always a house price checking
       | site. On the other hand opendoor started out doing this from the
       | start.
        
       | ridaj wrote:
       | Re opendoor etc
       | 
       | > A less competitive market is less dynamic and worse for
       | sellers, but it is better for the iBuyers that remain.
       | 
       |  _If_ they can avoid taking on the bad deals that Zillow was
       | previously shielding them from. I 've seen how in some markets
       | the disappearance of a provider that falls victim to this kind of
       | adverse customer selection merely moves the problem to other
       | providers in a cascading fashion. It's not clear that there are
       | that many profitable deals to be made on the iBuying model
        
       | buzzdenver wrote:
       | The author has a valid point in that the information asymmetry
       | will attract sellers whose property is overvalued to sell to
       | Zillow. I suspect though that something different happened in
       | reality. I live in a 70 unit condo building, so there are a lot
       | of very good comparables. Zillow bought one of the units about
       | 10% over market value, which makes me think that they're doing
       | some sort of market manipulation, like charging a 20% fee that is
       | not part of the real estate record. So they wanted to pump up
       | prices, but it didn't work.
        
         | civilized wrote:
         | In my experience, Zillow is sometimes conspicuously bad at
         | valuing condos and literally doesn't know their market value,
         | no matter how obvious it may be to you
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30724925
        
         | TimPC wrote:
         | It's very hard to do good real estate pricing models from raw
         | data. You can get all sorts of metrics on the property
         | statistics but one important factor in the cost of the home is
         | the state of renovation. Since most listings don't have a
         | historical listing of work done in the home your best hope of
         | accurately assessing this comes from something like computer
         | vision on the listing pictures. Assessing the quality of work,
         | recency of work, quality of materials and factoring that into a
         | house price is extremely hard. It would not surprise me at all
         | if Zillow paid near market value for a whole bunch of dated
         | homes that hadn't kept up with the times and would sell for
         | below the market of similar homes in the neighborhood according
         | to typical metrics. The stories make it seem like their model
         | had even more issues than that. Still I'm surprised anyone
         | actually tried this idea given how poor the algorithms are and
         | how obvious it is that key data points are not available.
        
           | buzzdenver wrote:
           | What was stopping Zillow from having a human look at the
           | property and adjust the price based on factors that their
           | algorithm didn't consider?
        
             | Otternonsenz wrote:
             | Nothing, but that would require them hiring an appraiser on
             | each transaction, which would be humbling for them to have
             | to do (and while biased as an appraiser myself, I would not
             | trust anyone else other than a licensed appraiser to do
             | that type of adjustment work, because it's a daily part of
             | our jobs).
             | 
             | Or they could have an internal team of appraisers doing
             | that type of work, but the business might not like it when
             | the appraisers don't validate their pricing structure
             | because real data does not support it.
        
             | aeturnum wrote:
             | What stopped them is that the entire rational for Zillow's
             | approach is that human appraisal isn't needed. An
             | algorithm, they think, should be able to do a good enough
             | job. Any individual person who, when presented with this
             | scenario, thought they should have brought in a human to
             | look at the house does has been selected out of working for
             | Zillow.
        
       | chrisbrandow wrote:
       | How many homes did they buy? wow.
       | 
       | <Quickly searches to answer question for myself>
       | 
       | Oh, ~5,000/month.
        
         | LimaBearz wrote:
         | What gets me is even if the number was significantly smaller
         | the fallout effect is massive. A common argument I've heard
         | defending the practice is "well they didn't buy that many
         | homes, it was just a small portion of total sales" ...implying
         | that its not a big deal.
         | 
         | Lets no argue the truthiness of that statement but look at it
         | as stated. They buy one house within a 10-20 mile radius away
         | from you and they do so aggressively paying 20-30%+ over the
         | pre-bubble price (think early pandemic times when prices were
         | more realistic then they are now)
         | 
         | Well now thats the anchor price on comps for the next guy just
         | looking to sell his house. Rinse and repeat a few times with
         | anchored expectations on an inflated value and we have runaway
         | prices.
        
           | bduerst wrote:
           | That's because real estate pricing is fixed to nearby
           | inventory. Zillow doesn't have to buy many homes in a
           | neighborhood to inflate the prices of all the homes, it just
           | needs to buy 1 or 2.
        
           | vanilla_nut wrote:
           | It at least gives me hope that if regulation and profit
           | margins push corporate buyers OUT of the market, we can
           | return to sanity and I can someday own a home.
           | 
           | But given this country's history of regulating giant
           | corporations... more likely we'll just do nothing until
           | homelessness balloons even more and the vast majority of
           | homes are corporate owned. Then we'll have to wait for a VC
           | bubble burst before they start selling all of the homes and
           | tank the market.
        
       | sys_64738 wrote:
       | I thought the Zillow webpage was simply to guesstimate the cost
       | of houses. This whole scenario sounds like they were totally out
       | of their core competency zone.
        
       | ilamont wrote:
       | _Any time that you're working with imperfect knowledge and trying
       | to operate a business on a large scale, you're likely to run into
       | this kind of trouble._
       | 
       | Can we admit that this is a major problem with the "AI" search
       | algorithms operated by Google, Amazon, and others?
       | 
       | They are assigning "value" to content, or books, or whatever
       | based on an incomplete understanding of the market. It's made
       | even worse because so many owners are able to game the system.
        
       | Finnucane wrote:
       | "In the real estate industry, this service is called iBuying, "
       | 
       | Also, 'flipping.'
        
         | dopamean wrote:
         | I dont really think anyone would call the business models of
         | Opendoor, Offerpad, and formerly Zillow "flipping." Yes, they
         | did buy a house with the intent to sell it but imo the term
         | flipping refers to a much, much smaller scale business that
         | also includes fixing up the property in some way. That is not
         | what iBuyers do.
        
           | Finnucane wrote:
           | Buying a house to make a short-term profit on the resale is
           | flipping. You can cover it up with some marketing tech-biz
           | baloney, but it is still flipping flipping.
        
             | Otternonsenz wrote:
             | Agreed.
             | 
             | In my local Multiple Listing Service, it can show you all
             | deed history for a given property, it is most certainly
             | labeled as a flip if anyone - iBuyer or no - buys and then
             | sells within a short period of time, even if they don't
             | make profit. The intention is understood by all market
             | participants.
        
       | samwillis wrote:
       | With the articles reference to second had car sales it
       | interesting to compare to British Car Auctions (BCA) here in the
       | UK. They have something like a 60% market share on second had
       | sales, they are completely dominant as the central "trading
       | house" for second hand sales. Most second hand car forecourts are
       | buying a significant portion of their cars from a BCA auction.
       | 
       | The other thing they have which compares to what Zillow were
       | doing is webuyanycar.com. It is literally what it says, you get a
       | quote from their site to value it, go to their location and they
       | buy your car. When I did it I was there for just 7 minutes,
       | easiest car sale ever! And they payed be nearly 1k more than
       | anyone else.
       | 
       | They are truly the market makers with this system, ensuring a
       | steady stream of cars into their auctions. Have full visibility
       | in real time of the pricing on both sides and are only holding
       | the cars for about one week.
       | 
       | Some argue that they were a major contributing factor to the used
       | car price inflation last year (on top of the issues with new car
       | availability).
        
         | lotsofpulp wrote:
         | > Some argue that they were a major contributing factor to the
         | used car price inflation last year (on top of the issues with
         | new cad availability).
         | 
         | And they would be wrong. Market makers do not get to set
         | prices, supply and demand does.
        
       | PaulHoule wrote:
       | Scale is the enemy of profitability for this.
       | 
       | If you make lowball offers you won't have many accepted but you
       | will make money on the ones they accept. If you make higher
       | offers you'll be killed if anything goes wrong at all.
        
       | dpierce9 wrote:
       | Anecdote on the estimates. We bought a house for X and renovated
       | it. The day before we listed it both Zillow and Redfin estimate
       | had an estimate around the purchase price X. When we listed it
       | for 2X, both companies changed their estimate to be close to the
       | listing. However, Redfin changed the entire price history as well
       | showing a gentle slope. Zillow preserved their previous history
       | and showed a spike.
        
         | turkishmonky wrote:
         | Another anecdote - We sold a house in late 2020, decided to get
         | an offer through zillow first, since we had a newborn and
         | staging would have been a hassle.
         | 
         | Zillow lowballed us 10% under their zestimate, and still tacked
         | on an 8% fee - we ended up going with a realtor instead, and
         | ended up getting 15% over the Zestimate, with a 6.5% fee.
        
         | double0jimb0 wrote:
         | Noticed the same, but I still think Zillow tweaks historical
         | but just not as brazenly as Redfin.
        
         | harikb wrote:
         | +1 I have always been annoyed by Redfin's rewrite of history.
         | At least have the decency to show two lines (original
         | prediction for last year and how it turned out to be).
        
           | ct0 wrote:
           | This happens all the time with most data providers.
        
           | creaghpatr wrote:
           | Same, I find this to be a bizarre practice. What's the point
           | if the snapshots are revised?
        
             | notahacker wrote:
             | I assume the rationale is that it's are supposed to be an
             | indicator of the actual value of the property at a point in
             | time, not the accuracy of their algorithm at that point in
             | time. So if they update with new information, it's assumed
             | that instead of the price suddenly jumping (which looks
             | very odd if you're trying to understand a local property
             | market), the original snapshots are assumed to have been
             | wrong
        
           | projektfu wrote:
           | I am guessing they don't save the price history as snapshots.
           | They have the current estimate, and then they walk it back in
           | time from the market averages.
        
           | el_benhameen wrote:
           | At least in my area, they've completely given up on providing
           | a "historical" estimate of the house in question and just
           | have a trend graph for the general area. I assume this data
           | is also heavily massaged, too, though.
        
       | echan00 wrote:
       | How do you lose money in a market where homes only went up?
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | They pretty much lay it out in the article. Essentially they
         | end up with the "lemons" and then have to pay to hold them
         | until they sell.
        
         | colinmhayes wrote:
         | The only offers they made that were accepted were the ones on
         | shitty houses that their algorithm mispriced.
        
         | advisedwang wrote:
         | The point of the article is the answer to this: they were
         | systematically overpaying because the offers where they
         | overestimate value were disproportionately taken up by sellers.
         | 
         | But also there's the cost of inspection, property insurance,
         | title insurance, escrow fees, labour costs of making the sale
         | etc. As the article says, trading houses is not like trading
         | stocks.
        
       | prototypeasap wrote:
       | I recall reading months ago that Zillow made cash offers with
       | inspections waived, in order to expedite the process. I believe
       | they had an algo which would access average repair cost which
       | they would factor in the actual offer.
       | 
       | Each house needs to be inspected by multiple experts as there are
       | many toxic properties with huge liabilities.
        
         | ridgered4 wrote:
         | If I was stuck in a toxic house that I couldn't afford to fix
         | that Zillow no contingency offer would be like a literal dream
         | come true!
        
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