[HN Gopher] A new kind of equity program
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       A new kind of equity program
        
       Author : conroy
       Score  : 38 points
       Date   : 2022-03-18 20:44 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.getcruise.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.getcruise.com)
        
       | trhway wrote:
       | >Fortunately, we have figured out how to do that at Cruise.
       | 
       | i think SAS and the likes have been doing it that way for
       | decades. I guess there is a reason why that isn't that popularly
       | known :) Though giving current market swings one can see how even
       | public FAANG and the rest may also want to adopt something like
       | this instead of dealing with backfills/etc.
       | 
       | Also, Google tried to do an extreme version of it for Google
       | X/Waymo (16x artificial appreciation in 3 years) and it
       | noticeably dented their financials at the time.
        
       | dlevine wrote:
       | This is interesting. I'm curious how this will be functionally
       | different from using Carta to allow secondary sales.
       | 
       | Namely, I wonder who the "others" (other than GM) are. In
       | addition to this being attractive for employees, is it also a way
       | for additional institutional investors to take an equity stake in
       | Cruise?
        
       | a13n wrote:
       | It's nice to offer liquidity to employees before an
       | acquisition/IPO event, but the "equity value" section sounds a
       | lot like a 409a valuation which is typically a conservative
       | valuation of the company in my experience. I'm not convinced
       | employees will get a very good deal on their shares by selling
       | early rather than waiting for an IPO. It's therefore not
       | surprising that the parent company (GM) is so willing to commit
       | to purchasing these shares, because it seems they're basically
       | getting a discounted buy-back.
        
         | adoxyz wrote:
         | Which I think is fair. Having liquidity for employees of
         | private companies is important and something that is very
         | lacking currently. Right now it seems like your options are
         | risk joining a Series A/B/C/etc company and potentially have to
         | wait 5-7+ years while being fully illiquid the whole time and
         | hoping they IPO or get acquired otherwise all your equity is
         | useless. Or join a public company that typically has a 1 year
         | cliff and then quarterly vests of RSU's that are much more
         | liquid.
         | 
         | I'm seeing a lot of early stage startups offer much higher base
         | salaries to compete with the big tech companies that can give
         | out RSU's and this skew in the long run I feel hurts employees
         | more than companies. So I think this levels the playing field a
         | little bit.
        
       | dmitriid wrote:
       | > The world has become a bit more complicated lately. Private
       | companies are waiting to go public for longer
       | 
       | There's probably a reason for that: most "innovative startups",
       | especially in the US, are like Cruise: they lose up to a billion
       | dollars a year with no consequences at all. Some, lik Cruise,
       | have nothing to show for it in terms of either product or long
       | term plans to become even slightly profitable.
       | 
       | So they wait for longer to see two things happen one after
       | another:
       | 
       | First, hopefully have enough unlimited inverstor money to corner
       | a market or a niche.
       | 
       | Seond, go for an IPO as "the innovative market leader" (aka the
       | one with deeper investor pokets than competition that is doing
       | literaly the same).
       | 
       | ---
       | 
       | In case of Cruise, they are losing 200-300 million dollars per
       | quarter. Trying to compete in the same space as Uber (loses up to
       | a billion dollars a year) and Lyft (up to 1.7 billion dollars a
       | year).
       | 
       |  _Edit:_ And Waymo, which is a part of Google 's "other bets",
       | and those bets are losing billions, too.
        
       | a1pulley wrote:
       | SpaceX has been doing this for years, albeit at a lower cadence.
       | There are predictable pros and cons: lack of confidence in the
       | "independently derived" price--it's easier to trust the market--
       | but shares imbued with some nonzero real value.
        
       | mdavis6890 wrote:
       | I think this misses it a little bit. While it certainly is a
       | problem to have a large $ value on stock that you can't sell yet,
       | it is a nice problem to have.
       | 
       | The real risk with joining a startup is that it might very likely
       | NEVER be worth much at all. Whereas at a mature or public
       | company, you can have some confidence that at least your stock is
       | worth something today.
       | 
       | Of faang gives me $100k in stock, that's real money I can put in
       | my pocket. When a startup offers me 100k shares, it's likely that
       | having a chance to sell them doesn't matter, because they aren't
       | worth selling. Of course, it can certainly go the other way and
       | make me rich too. Hence the risk.
        
         | TimPC wrote:
         | It's not always a nice problem to have. Before a change in tax
         | policy under Trump it was possible to have taxes due on some of
         | the gains the stock had made before you were able to sell it.
         | At least with this type of liquidity program you could cash in
         | enough options to pay the taxman rather than forfeit all your
         | options to avoid taxes.
        
       | xmly wrote:
       | It is difficult for the valuation. It might not be worth the
       | cost, especially considering that large amount of shares are held
       | by early investors and founder.
        
       | tareqak wrote:
       | From the post: "The access to capital and the ability for
       | shareholders to sell on an open market are certainly attractive,
       | but the benefits of an IPO come at a great cost -- distraction --
       | that is often overlooked."
       | 
       | Could someone please summarize for me the costs / distractions of
       | an IPO that a private company has to undergo?
        
         | spoonjim wrote:
         | Public companies have huge reporting requirements that require
         | much greater audit/visibility into business activities and are
         | also scrutinized much more closely in the press.
        
       | axg11 wrote:
       | At the very least I'm glad more private companies are exploring
       | ways to provide their employees with liquidity.
       | 
       | Issues I can foresee:
       | 
       | - Price, as determined by a third party, is going to be BS. There
       | is a reason we use markets for price determination. They're not
       | perfect but markets are the most efficient mechanism we have.
       | 
       | - Fewer employees with huge returns. This may or may not be a
       | problem depending on your perspective. This type of system
       | incentivises employees to lock in gains and sell their shares
       | when they see reasonably growth. That's also a lost opportunity
       | for the future if the share price continues to grow. If you see a
       | 10x increase in the price, you're likely to sell. The share price
       | could continue to grow by another 100x and you would mostly miss
       | out in that case. In the most optimistic case for private
       | companies, the lack of liquidity is a _good_ thing. You can only
       | sell your shares at IPO when there has been more than 1000x
       | return since seed stage.
       | 
       | I can see this being a huge positive for hiring though. If I was
       | considering multiple AV companies for roles, this would be a huge
       | plus point for Cruise.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-03-18 23:00 UTC)