[HN Gopher] On the Weaponisation of Open Source
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       On the Weaponisation of Open Source
        
       Author : beny23
       Score  : 129 points
       Date   : 2022-03-18 18:57 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (beny23.github.io)
 (TXT) w3m dump (beny23.github.io)
        
       | smashah wrote:
       | I understand that all of this may seem annoying to those that
       | like to bury their head in the sand but where's this energy and
       | label of "weaponisation" when OSS is LITERALLY used to build
       | weapons e.g openCV being used for mass surveillance &
       | ardupilot/OSS drone projects being used to make tear gass
       | deploying drones?
       | 
       | Changing the license is weaponisation?? It's the bare minimum and
       | least intrusive. And then you all complain when someone tries to
       | implement a Hippocratic or Do Not Harm license. "WEAPONSIATION"??
       | Really?
       | 
       | The lesson of all this is to keep an eye on your supply chain.
       | Simple as. I think it's a sign of entitlement when you expect OSS
       | devs to build you robust and reliable systems then leave the rest
       | of themselves at the door.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | quasarj wrote:
         | As the article explained, this is no longer an OSS project, so
         | that part of your point is invalid.
         | 
         | As for the first one, that's just whataboutism. Sure, we need
         | to stand up to that too. But that changes nothing here.
        
       | blablabla123 wrote:
       | Open Source was always political, ultimately this is where some
       | moonshot projects like GNU got their momentum from. IMHO the red
       | line is where it gets destructive or actually discriminates
       | individuals. In the past PGP couldn't be exported to certain
       | countries so sanctions apply also for OSS. Speaking of the
       | immense popularity of web3 and decentralized of course not all
       | measures will be realizations of government directives. That said
       | I don't think OSI (opensource.org) represents the whole OSS
       | movement.
       | 
       | Also the title is a bit click-baity. The protestware example is
       | clearly weaponization of OSS but the other examples are not.
        
       | scotty79 wrote:
       | > My problem is that this weaponisation is killing off trust.
       | 
       | Trust that all programmers started to place in open source
       | maintainers maybe a decade ago out of sheer lazyness is
       | absolutely insane.
       | 
       | Pulling freshest code out of thousand libraries automatically
       | into the medium security project that you are building is
       | absolutely crazy.
       | 
       | It's inviting thousand strangers to run code on your machine
       | which contains your comercial creation and data. Without any
       | protection whatsoever besides "trust" which is just another word
       | for laziness and being hopeful.
       | 
       | The faster we can ditch this trust, the faster we will develop
       | actual protections, vetting processes, delaying updates, caching,
       | forking, so we can isolate our work from the thousands of
       | wonderfull people all of which are one bad day from wiping all
       | your files.
        
         | musingsole wrote:
         | > Pulling freshest code out of thousand libraries automatically
         | into the medium security project that you are building is
         | absolutely crazy.
         | 
         | But we have a test suite and a whole CI/CD pipeline to verify
         | everything works! /s
         | 
         | /Until you realize your tests only cover what they cover in the
         | way they cover it.
         | 
         | //Until you realize there is no test suite at all and it's all
         | verified in production.
         | 
         | ///It's not like you read the library's code until something
         | was *really* broken or *super* slow anyhow.
        
         | ahelwer wrote:
         | Actually things are working quite well! These events remain
         | remarkable news items. There are tremendous benefits to having
         | an ecosystem built on trust and mutual assumption of good will.
         | Transforming this into a scar tissue bureaucracy after some
         | minor cuts is only one of several options. Another is to make
         | choices like this so socially radioactive that only people with
         | nothing to lose would ever make them. Trust is very valuable.
        
           | scotty79 wrote:
           | Systems are not working well. They are just working
           | carelessly till the catastrophy.
           | 
           | leftpad.js wasn't even malicious action. Just one developer
           | withdrawing his code from the community.
           | 
           | Imagine what would happen if one dev of popular package just
           | had a nervous breakdown and did rm -fr / on his next update.
           | Or delete the contents of the repo it is a dependancy of and
           | do a force push.
           | 
           | We have zero systems in place that could catch it before work
           | of thousands of people is destroyed.
        
         | hulitu wrote:
         | You don't develop protections. You develop zero trust.
         | Unfortunately the current OSs cannot distinguish zero trust
         | programs.
        
         | fartcannon wrote:
         | Yeah. Competing interests. We can all slow down and work like
         | real engineers do, with the same level of responsibility they
         | take on, and check every line of code.
         | 
         | OR we can just do whatever the fuck we want, solving our
         | problems and/or making money. But if we do it without the rigor
         | of real engineering, we can't exactly blame OSS or the devs
         | that provide the OSS for this choice. It's entirely our fault
         | if it goes south.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | Jon_Lowtek wrote:
       | > _I don't really want to have to read through each of my
       | dependencies and transitive dependencies licences to determine
       | whether I am agreeing to <the things included>_
       | 
       | I slighly edited the last part of that sentence to highlight a
       | problem with this kind of thinking. I do understand that the
       | author may prefer all their software dependencies using some well
       | known license like "Apache 2.0" instead of dozens of variations
       | of "Apache 2.0~modified"
        
       | frozenlettuce wrote:
       | The Pandora box has been opened. Prepare for the same kind of
       | attacks addressing US IPs (cloud on us-west-2? bad luck)
        
       | WesolyKubeczek wrote:
       | I'd say that the code that is malware/not malware depending on IP
       | address of the server is a bad kind of weaponization. Not because
       | I pity poor Russians or some such. I'm a Ukrainian national
       | myself. Putin is a dickhead that should be put down with extreme
       | prejudice; much of both the state and ordinary folk in Russia
       | should be accountable, too. Here, I said it.
       | 
       | The problem with those NPM packages, or better said, the approach
       | they are taking is that it is a double-edged sword. IP blocks can
       | be sold and bought. Today they belong to someone in Russia you
       | don't mind targeting, tomorrow it's someone else entirely. Today
       | you put in a trigger to turn your code into malware, tomorrow
       | someone finds a way to flip that trigger at will. Bad things
       | ensue.
       | 
       | Not providing services to Russians is another thing and that
       | could work. Limiting downloads by the country is okay in my
       | books. After all, you block IPs that try to DDoS you, so banning
       | IPs of an aggressor country that is fond of murdering civilians
       | is fair game too. Radio silence their contributions. Don't
       | respond to their support requests. Close the issues they open as
       | if they never existed. Of course they can find alternative ways
       | to download stuff, fork, implement the necessary changes
       | themselves, but it's jumping through the hoops. Let them jump
       | extra and then some.
       | 
       | Stop providing documentation in Russian, kick some people off the
       | team/mailing list. Make the OSS you're responsible for be, for
       | all intents and purposes, unmaintained piece of software if the
       | user is from an aggressor country.
       | 
       | These are ways of sabotage I can stand behind. But putting in
       | actual malware is rather where I draw the line.
        
       | citizenpaul wrote:
       | I was thinking about this in a different context a while back.
       | Basically companies (amazon for sure) utilize open source then
       | make some closed off fork of it while giving nothing or peanuts
       | back to the original open source development foundations. For
       | example Amazon has indisputably made Billions if not Trillions
       | from monetizing Mozilla products. Yet has only donated a few
       | paltry million back to the foundation. While at the same time
       | using the FOSS products to create their own walled garden.
        
       | mariusmg wrote:
       | Their code, their rules ?
        
         | the_af wrote:
         | Yes, but said rules stop being FOSS compliant and so they lose
         | the right to pretend they are FOSS.
        
           | kube-system wrote:
           | People absolutely have a right to disagree about what
           | constitutes "FOSS". People have disagreed about it for 30+
           | years and they continue to this day.
        
         | LudwigNagasena wrote:
         | It may be an odd idea to comprehend for someone whose culture
         | stems from and still closely relates to mainline Protestantism,
         | but you can actually believe that someone has a right to do
         | something yet disagree with the action.
        
           | dc-programmer wrote:
           | Yes because in vs. out group behavior started in the 1500s..
        
           | lostmsu wrote:
           | You are free to fork their project.
        
       | pmontra wrote:
       | My first thought yesterday was that I really cannot trust NPM
       | anymore because if someone sneaks in an anti Russian piece of
       | code somebody else could sneak in code against any other country,
       | or look at the content of files to get an idea of the kind of
       | person running the code and decide what to do. People voting for
       | the other party, thinking something different, etc.
       | 
       | And why not Python, or Java, Ruby, anything. Maybe we'll all end
       | up running Tails.
       | 
       | Edit: if something like that happens, how long before
       | certifications require that no unvetted code is used in projects
       | or no open source at all?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | redsummer wrote:
        
       | aritmo wrote:
       | Knee-jerk reaction and discrimination against the Russian people.
        
         | sharken wrote:
         | The author obviously thinks that open source that discriminates
         | cannot be open source.
         | 
         | In principle this is true given the current Open Source
         | license.
         | 
         | But i would argue that the clause about discrimination is out
         | of touch with reality.
         | 
         | Usage rights to Open Source should not by default be granted to
         | oppressive regimes and the author should absolutely be allowed
         | to state that within the license.
         | 
         | If the west wants to send a clear signal to Putin, then matters
         | such as the wording of the Open Source license needs to be
         | adjusted accordingly.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | HideousKojima wrote:
           | https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/programs-must-not-limit-
           | freed...
           | 
           | "I've stated above some parts of my views about certain
           | political issues unrelated to the issue of free software--
           | about which of those activities are or aren't unjust. Your
           | views about them might differ, and that's precisely the
           | point. If we accepted programs with usage restrictions as
           | part of a free operating system such as GNU, people would
           | come up with lots of different usage restrictions. There
           | would be programs banned for use in meat processing, programs
           | banned only for pigs, programs banned only for cows, and
           | programs limited to kosher foods. Someone who hates spinach
           | might license a program to allow use for processing any
           | vegetable except spinach, while a Popeye fan's program might
           | allow only use for spinach. There would be music programs
           | allowed only for rap music, and others allowed only for
           | classical music."
           | 
           | "The result would be a system that you could not count on for
           | any purpose. For each task you wish to do, you'd have to
           | check lots of licenses to see which parts of your system are
           | off limits for that task. Not only for the components you
           | explicitly use, but also for the hundreds of components that
           | they link with, invoke, or communicate with."
           | 
           | "How would users respond to that? I think most of them would
           | use proprietary systems. Allowing usage restrictions in free
           | software would mainly push users towards nonfree software.
           | Trying to stop users from doing something through usage
           | restrictions in free software is as ineffective as pushing on
           | an object through a long, straight, soft piece of cooked
           | spaghetti."
           | 
           | "It is worse than ineffective; it is wrong too, because
           | software developers should not exercise such power over what
           | users do. Imagine selling pens with conditions about what you
           | can write with them; that would be noisome, and we should not
           | stand for it. Likewise for general software. If you make
           | something that is generally useful, like a pen, people will
           | use it to write all sorts of things, even horrible things
           | such as orders to torture a dissident; but you must not have
           | the power to control people's activities through their pens.
           | It is the same for a text editor, compiler or kernel."
        
             | sharken wrote:
             | Richard Stallman talks about free software which is a
             | different concept than Open Source.
             | 
             | https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-
             | point....
             | 
             | Open Source is right now defined as open for everyone by
             | the license, ie. the paragraph about not discriminating.
             | 
             | Perhaps the only sane way for Open Source to exist is to
             | not discriminate.
        
           | beny23 wrote:
           | Hello, author here. I do think the open source licence is
           | framed to be non-discriminatory and I think that's not a bad
           | thing. Discrimination lends itself to politicisation and in
           | turn division. And I think an ecosystem where we have lots of
           | division is not good. What would happen if two interdependent
           | projects suddenly had conflicting political requirements?
        
             | beaconstudios wrote:
             | I think that holding onto the idea that software is
             | apolitical is untenable. Social media companies and large
             | corporations try to toe this line and have been widely
             | rebuked for it (Google trying to get ICE contracts, for
             | example). I think the idea that "everything is political"
             | is taking it too far, but so is the idea that providing
             | material support to any comers is apolitical.
             | 
             | Bear in mind that I'm talking descriptively rather than
             | prescriptively here. I have my own opinions but I can also
             | observe that political neutrality as a concept is waning.
        
               | quinnjh wrote:
               | Ok so its political, what if this political take where we
               | encourage openness and interconnectivity is superior to
               | the political take where we are reactionary? What if it
               | literally is a winning strategy?
               | 
               | Im not saying it is necessarily- but i think to get past
               | the division you have highlighted (apolitical
               | universality vs political conservatism) there is perhaps
               | a way to look at the various approaches and determine
               | what approach would be technologically, logistically, and
               | politically advantageous.
               | 
               | Let us let go of the idea it is apolitical, what now?
        
               | beaconstudios wrote:
               | I do think that we should look at these choices through a
               | utilitarian lens and consider both the immediate and long
               | term impact of such decisions. I do think that innocent
               | Russian civilians will inevitably get caught in the
               | crossfire with sanctions, which is unfortunate. I still
               | believe that it is a moral good to penalise colonialism
               | and other unethical activity through withdrawal of
               | material support because this increases the cost of such
               | actions. I'm not sure what justification there could be
               | that continuing material support for an expansionist
               | government during an invasion has positive utility, it
               | smells like an argument for consistency to me but I'd be
               | happy to be corrected.
        
               | quinnjh wrote:
               | Something that comes to mind is the argument against aid
               | NGOs in places with dire poverty and hunger. When an NGO
               | comes to your town, where you are trying to build a farm
               | business, and delivers months worth of free rice, can you
               | afford to run your business? Similarly, can any russians
               | make successful software as a service that analogues FOSS
               | offerings? No they cant, because the alternative is
               | available and free.
               | 
               | Remove the free rice and you satisfy your egos necessity
               | for first order moral resolution via punishment- bad
               | people dont get rice- but as for second order effects?
               | Perhaps now it becomes feasible to build a sustainable
               | farm (or apache competitor)
        
               | beaconstudios wrote:
               | The aid NGO question comes down to whether locals can
               | build a self supporting economy and whether the aid is
               | hampering economic development - but it isn't a binary
               | question because you can subsidise farmers or reduce aid
               | commensurate with local supply.
               | 
               | I'm familiar with second order effects, and nth order
               | effects and nonlinear causality. If we restrict Russia's
               | access to Apache Web server, sure, they will eventually
               | develop a local equivalent. So, over time they transition
               | from being disadvantaged to simply leveling the playing
               | field. That's a pretty good outcome, especially if many
               | more open source projects could withdraw from Russia.
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | Then we end up with a [citation needed] on providing
               | material support to a badly-acting nation being a winning
               | strategy.
               | 
               | IBM is still notorious for their willingness to work with
               | the Nazi regime.
        
             | sharken wrote:
             | Hi, must say that it's a thoughtful article that has valid
             | points.
             | 
             | Maybe as a European i feel more strongly about this, but
             | every means possible must be employed to send a clear
             | signal to Russia about the unacceptable state of affairs.
             | 
             | Except destructive changes as in the second example, that
             | behavior should not be allowed by the Open Source license.
             | 
             | I'm still hopeful that a better wording can be found going
             | forward.
        
               | Delk wrote:
               | Almost everyone's sympathies are with Ukraine now, and
               | Russia under its current regime is rightly being
               | sanctioned by measures that are _intended_ to hurt.
               | Sanctions that aren 't felt are meaningless.
               | 
               | When it comes to open source licensing, though, the
               | problem with these kinds of exceptions tends to be that
               | there are a lot of causes that would, at one time or
               | another or from one perspective or another, seem to
               | warrant similar exceptions.
               | 
               | There are other wars going on, with more or less clear
               | aggressors. Should we build a list, somewhat akin to the
               | U.S. export restrictions, that forbade using the software
               | by the aggressive states? How would we make sure that the
               | lists aren't influenced by political leanings or cultural
               | preconceptions? (Hint: you can't.)
               | 
               | It would be objectively easy to argue that people who eat
               | meat should be sanctioned to give them a "clear signal"
               | that they shouldn't. It would be emotionally easy to
               | argue that perhaps we should exclude people who violate
               | human rights from using our software -- although what
               | exactly constitutes such a violation would be pretty hard
               | to delineate. In a different culture, objectively or not,
               | entirely different acts might be considered morally
               | contemptible or even unforgivable.
               | 
               | Allowing exceptions to open source terms based on
               | individual reasons would lead to a jungle of rules that
               | would end up ruining open source, even if each exception
               | by itself can be easy to argue for. You could no longer
               | build a Linux distribution or any kind of a large
               | collection of software, or even an open source
               | application that relied on lots of open source libraries
               | for its functionality.
               | 
               | That is, unless you decided not to include any software
               | that had licenses with any such exceptions. That's
               | exactly what drawing the line for the meaning of "open
               | source" is. If you only take one of those exceptions and
               | not the others, that's no longer an objective choice, and
               | others are going to have different exceptions; if you
               | take them all, you create an untenable mess, or at least
               | a walled garden with really tight walls.
               | 
               | At any given time it may feel like _this_ is the one
               | exception we should make, and it feels right at that
               | moment. It just can 't be done with any consistency
               | without massive collateral damage in the big picture.
               | 
               | By all means, let's cause trouble to Russia (under its
               | current regime) as long as it restricts their ability to
               | wage war. Let's do that even if it costs us. But let's
               | not do it in such a way that it creates a massive moral
               | or legal conundrum in the long run. Even if it feels
               | right at the moment.
               | 
               | - Another European, living less than 200 km from Russia
        
             | mistrial9 wrote:
             | long-term OSS author here - strong agree "the open source
             | license is framed to be non-discriminatory" is the "right
             | thing" for Intelligent Humans of every color, creed and
             | mother-language
        
             | shadowgovt wrote:
             | > What would happen if two interdependent projects suddenly
             | had conflicting political requirements?
             | 
             | The same thing that happens when two countries have
             | irreconcilable differences.
             | 
             | Software is a human artifact and subject to the same
             | principles as all such artifacts.
        
           | rectang wrote:
           | You're welcome to license your software under terms that
           | discriminate against oppressive regimes. Just don't call it
           | "open source".
           | 
           | The argument that software licenses should exclude certain
           | people or fields of endeavor has been around for decades.
           | Such licenses are outside the scope of Open Source.
           | Specifically, such licenses do not conform to the Open Source
           | Definition clauses 5 and 6:
           | 
           | https://opensource.org/osd
           | 
           | > _5. No Discrimination Against Persons or Groups_
           | 
           | > _The license must not discriminate against any person or
           | group of persons._
           | 
           | > _6. No Discrimination Against Fields of Endeavor_
           | 
           | > _The license must not restrict anyone from making use of
           | the program in a specific field of endeavor. For example, it
           | may not restrict the program from being used in a business,
           | or from being used for genetic research._
        
           | FooBarWidget wrote:
           | Such discrimination is a form of sanction. It has been shown
           | over and over again that sanctions do nothing to change
           | governments -- all they succeed in is to harm the lives of
           | ordinary people. This makes license discrimination on such
           | grounds nothing more than virtue signalling at best, and a
           | punishment to ordinary people at worst.
           | 
           | Furthermore, the label "oppressive regime" is sometimes more
           | propaganda than fact. Many western countries weaponize human
           | rights by labeling enemy states as oppressive regimes, while
           | either ignoring/muffling their own human rights abuses, or
           | (more likely) having systems that allow one to protest
           | against domestic human rights abuses while failing to change
           | a single thing about them no matter how much people protest;
           | and at the same time, turning a blind eye on actual
           | oppressive regimes that happen to be allied states (until
           | they fall out of grace, after which they will once again be
           | labeled "oppressive regimes").
           | 
           | This makes license discrimination on the grounds of the
           | "oppressive regime" label highly problematic and prone to
           | geopolitical propaganda games. At worst, you can even say
           | that such license discriminations become willing tools of
           | geopolitical propaganda.
        
             | tomjen3 wrote:
             | The current sanctions are doing a great job of hurting the
             | Russian economy and, by extension, its ability to rip apart
             | the flesh of 6 year old girls hiding in hospitals in
             | Mariupol.
        
               | HideousKojima wrote:
               | Actually they've done a great job driving up oil and gas
               | prices, which actually helps the Russian economy because
               | European countries are too dependent (and spineless) to
               | cut off Russian gas pipelines.
        
               | sharken wrote:
               | Sad but true, I'm still hopeful that Europe will drop
               | Russian oil and gas soon, regardless of the consequences.
        
               | nix23 wrote:
               | And sanctions who target the "normal" citizen give Putin
               | a really sharp knife to proof that the "west" really
               | wants to harm Russians....what else then sanctions can be
               | done? I honestly don't know.
        
           | jahewson wrote:
           | Firstly what even is an "oppressive regime" can we agree on a
           | definition? I don't think so. Certainly not in the boundary
           | cases.
           | 
           | Secondly, why would any such oppressive regime care about
           | your license? What are you going to do, sue them?
        
           | pie_flavor wrote:
           | A principle being out of touch with reality doesn't mean you
           | get to redefine what the principle means; if you view its
           | out-of-touchness as a mark against the principle, reject the
           | principle. What you're really saying is that you want the
           | social benefit of claiming to adhere to the principle, while
           | not actually adhering the principle. 'The west' does not own
           | open-source any more than Putin does, and if you
           | intentionally make your software non-open-source to send a
           | message to Putin, that's your right, but you can't keep
           | pretending to be open-source if you do.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | pageandrew wrote:
         | I agree its a kneejerk reaction.
         | 
         | But to be fair, its not discrimination against the Russian
         | people, its discrimination against a particular ideology that
         | is predominantly held by the Russian people.
        
           | nyolfen wrote:
           | did any of these actions select their targets by ideology?
        
           | BaseballPhysics wrote:
           | > But to be fair, its not discrimination against the Russian
           | people, its discrimination against a particular ideology that
           | is predominantly held by the Russian people.
           | 
           | To be even more fair, it's both.
           | 
           | There are plenty of Russians that absolutely do not agree
           | with what the Russian leadership is doing, but have no choice
           | in the matter.
           | 
           | Speaking as a Canadian, there was a time when we were
           | similarly fighting an adversary and chose to indiscriminately
           | treat all people from that nation as enemies. The result was
           | the internment of Japanese Canadians, one of the most
           | shameful periods in our nation's history.
           | 
           | I cannot help but be very concerned that we're heading down a
           | very familiar and dangerous path, here...
        
             | beebmam wrote:
             | Speaking as someone who was vehemently against the Iraq war
             | and lived in the US, I welcomed discrimination against my
             | own people. The United States was responsible for war
             | crimes in that war, and for sure we deserved sanctions,
             | boycotts, divestment, and bad international relations due
             | to it.
             | 
             | I was treated extremely rudely for being American when I
             | went to France in late 2003, and I totally understood why.
             | I hated my own country and my countrymen for it as well. I
             | still do, in a sense. We owe the Iraqi people an enormous
             | debt of reparations
        
               | joe_the_user wrote:
               | _I was treated extremely rudely for being American when I
               | went to France in late 2003, and I totally understood
               | why._
               | 
               | It seems too easy to say "uh discrimination is fine" when
               | the only thing you have to fear is people being rude to
               | you on vacation. If you face the loss of your livelihood,
               | like the owner of a small Russian restaurant somewhat, I
               | don't think you'd be as sanguine.
        
               | beebmam wrote:
               | I was spit on, had two of my hotel reservations
               | cancelled, and was robbed
        
               | rossvor wrote:
               | And you applaud this? How is this a good thing?
        
               | cartesius13 wrote:
               | One would think that after going through this you would
               | become more empathetic and understanding of the ordinary
               | citizens side. But no, somehow the takeaway was that
               | discrimination against innocent people based where
               | they're from is OK
        
               | HideousKojima wrote:
               | >I was treated extremely rudely for being American when I
               | went to France in late 2003
               | 
               | That's just the French being the French, would have been
               | the same in the 90's lol. And if you think that's bad,
               | try going there as a French Canadian like my grandfather
               | did. He got treated way waaaay better when he spoke
               | English instead of the his "dirty" (what the Frenchies
               | called it) Quebecois French.
        
               | FpUser wrote:
               | >"We owe the Iraqi people an enormous debt of
               | reparations"
               | 
               | Which will never happen. For very obvious reasons.
               | Hypocrisy is our first and last name. And the examples of
               | it are countless.
        
           | pie_flavor wrote:
           | No, it's discrimination against anyone with a Russian IP
           | address, as clearly described in the article.
        
           | croes wrote:
           | Which ideology?
        
       | toss1 wrote:
       | >>political discourse has turned to be very divisive and tribal.
       | You are either with us, or against us.
       | 
       | This is because much of politics is currently driven by a global
       | set of fascist/authoritarian govts and sponsored 'movements'
       | pushing to destroy democracy. This is, IMO, back to the pre-cold
       | war days, but stripped of all the "--isms" and ideologies.
       | 
       | It is now either self-determination for the people via democracy,
       | or live under rulers like Putin, stripped of any cloking
       | ideology. This is being strongly pushed/sponsored globally by
       | Putin's govt; the Chinese are going about it differently with the
       | 'Belt & Road' initiative and other exploitative agreements.
       | 
       | The grand experiment has been tried. It was thought that free
       | trade exchanges and greater information flow from free nations
       | would cause freedom, self-determination, & democracy to the
       | former Communist nations. It did not. In trying to prove the
       | thesis, the test proved the opposite, and enriched the
       | authoritarian states.
       | 
       | Russia's ongoing assault on Ukraine since 24-Feb-2022, and the
       | ongoing blatant war crimes including specific instructions to
       | ignore civilian care[0], cluster munitions on civilian
       | targets[1], or bombing a theater/shelter with "Children" written
       | on the pavement outside [2], and it's support by ~70% of the
       | deluded RUS population, show what can be expected from yielding
       | to or appeasing authoritarianism.
       | 
       | It now really _IS_ you are with us, or against us.
       | 
       | You are either in favor of democratic self-rule for all people,
       | or you are against it.
       | 
       | This is war, and we are fighting against those who are happy to
       | be war criminals.
       | 
       | It is important to take every measure, and "weaponizing" open
       | source is among the least of the things that can be done to help.
       | 
       | [0]
       | https://twitter.com/cnsnews/status/1504494016137555968?cxt=H...
       | 
       | [1] https://www.bellingcat.com/news/rest-of-
       | world/2022/03/11/the...
       | 
       | [2] https://www.npr.org/2022/03/17/1087164709/ukraine-
       | mariupol-t...
        
         | walrusfromspace wrote:
         | >You are either in favor of democratic self-rule for all
         | people, or you are against it.
         | 
         | So can I assume that you were protesting against Spain's
         | suppression of the Catalan independence referendum in 2017?
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_independence_movement#...
        
       | emodendroket wrote:
       | We've pretty quickly decided to throw out decades of norms in
       | favor of anti-Russia moves all the time. Not ideal.
        
         | pie_flavor wrote:
         | This is the culmination of about a decade of reinforcing the
         | idea that political actions don't count as violating norms if
         | the actions are against someone who violates other norms of
         | yours.
        
           | whatshisface wrote:
           | Or maybe just the culmination of internet libertarians who
           | stick to principles being out-populated by more average
           | people who stick to each other (that is a nice way of
           | phrasing the practice of putting popularity before ideals but
           | it's also true to its real nature).
        
             | SamoyedFurFluff wrote:
             | Internet libertarians definitely also stick it to each
             | other in dumb ways whenever they think their cause is
             | right. Let's not kid ourselves; an average person wouldn't
             | know how to wield open source for their personal political
             | nonsense. It would precisely be a technocrat who thinks
             | they're enlightened.
        
               | whatshisface wrote:
               | > _an average person wouldn't know how to wield open
               | source for their personal political nonsense_
               | 
               | I am close to an average person in this regard because I
               | am a free-rider on other people's enlightened steering:
               | all I do is install stuff and in exchange I get privacy
               | and security.
        
             | jollybean wrote:
             | This is disturbing to read.
             | 
             | This notion that somehow 'FOSS' is a moral ideal that
             | stands above others is rubbish.
             | 
             | If you're helping Russians drop bombs on Mauripool that's a
             | choice.
             | 
             | You can also choose not to do that.
             | 
             | That concerns an 'ideal'.
             | 
             | There are issues at hand of _much greater_ consequence and
             | idealism that  'internet librarians' pretending that they
             | are consequential in this context.
             | 
             | 'More Average People', like accountants and teachers, are
             | literally right now upholding their 'ideals' by learning
             | how to use a weapon and defending their homes with their
             | lives against literally the Russian Empire. That is an
             | 'ideal' thankfully none of us will ever have to contemplate
             | upholding.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | I think it is a little bit more complicated than that
               | when you're taking sweeping actions like banning Russians
               | from sport (something we managed to avoid in the Cold War
               | but apparently not this time). I also wonder if you'd
               | take the same line about someone seizing your bank
               | account, because every American, by the standard we are
               | now using, is culpable for the Iraq War.
        
               | malka wrote:
               | It's not that they are guilty. It is impossible to harm a
               | state without harming its citizen in the process.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | How is the state being harmed by stuff like people
               | vandalizing shops for having Cyrillic letters on the
               | storefront, I wonder.
        
             | LudwigNagasena wrote:
             | The culture of those "average people" stems from the
             | beliefs of Calvinist fanatics that fled England because it
             | wasn't radical enough.
        
               | whatshisface wrote:
               | What's Calvinism got to do with Russia?
        
               | LudwigNagasena wrote:
               | It has nothing to do with Russia. It has to do with stuff
               | like inherent sinfulness, the promotion of social
               | righteousness, the exhibition of the Kingdom of Heaven to
               | the world, double predestination and whatever else
               | Puritans and other Calvinists who became the American
               | elite believed in and promoted. The views of those people
               | who were considered fanatics back in Europe became the
               | norm in the US.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | I think people get a little carried away with this. I'd
               | bet money that the average American cannot even describe
               | the difference between Protestantism and Catholicism
               | besides something facile like "they have a pope." There
               | aren't even any Protestants sitting on the Supreme Court.
               | 
               | In a historical sense, it's very geographically
               | dependent. Before states got rid of established churches,
               | Virginia, for instance, established the Episcopal church,
               | while Massachusetts established the Congregational
               | church.
        
               | LudwigNagasena wrote:
               | > I'd bet money that the average American cannot even
               | describe the difference between Protestantism and
               | Catholicism besides something facile like "they have a
               | pope." There aren't even any Protestants sitting on the
               | Supreme Court.
               | 
               | The modern American culture simply _descends_ from
               | Calvinist culture, by no means it is the same. Just like
               | you wouldn't expect a fish to explain its ancestry to
               | you, you wouldn't expect an American to do the same.
               | 
               | Some people seem to believe that if you remove a belief
               | in God, a sudden discontinuous cultural gap appears. But
               | there is no reason to assert such thing. An absence of
               | belief in God doesn't make Americans culturally more
               | similar to Buddhists than to their ancestors, they still
               | inherit similar values and social practices. The American
               | culture experienced an abrupt shift from the British
               | culture due to the founder effect, but from that point it
               | pretty much developed continuously. (Well, of course like
               | all cultures, it experienced outside influence but it
               | wasn't as impactful.)
               | 
               | > In a historical sense, it's very geographically
               | dependent. Before states got rid of established churches,
               | Virginia, for instance, established the Episcopal church,
               | while Massachusetts established the Congregational
               | church.
               | 
               | There is a book called The Faiths of the Founding Fathers
               | by David L. Holmes, it covers explanation of the sheer
               | influence Calvinism had in the US.
               | 
               | By the way, is it surprising that (1) Harvard originally
               | had a Calvinist church. (2) Harvard is located in New
               | England, the land of radical Protestants aka Puritans.
               | (3) Harvard is the most prestigious university.
               | 
               | My point is simply that American "average people" are in
               | no way simply average people if such thing even exists.
        
               | mordero wrote:
               | I don't think his point was directly related to people's
               | religious views today, but the type of people who
               | originally came to the US and how their views and norms
               | have impacted the culture up to today.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | Well I'd go a little further and say that it's getting
               | too clever to act like the most important thing to
               | understand how Americans think is the details of a
               | dispute that happened before most of their ancestors came
               | and that they can't even describe in broad strokes.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | ninth_ant wrote:
         | Almost like "the norms" don't apply when the situation is not
         | normal?
         | 
         | Authoritarians pursuing military conquest and territorial
         | expansion hasn't been "the norm" for the past few decades. The
         | world is changing with Ukraine and Hong Kong, and soon Taiwan.
         | 
         | Not saying these examples in the article are all models of how
         | we should design things in the future. But the world is
         | changing and norms will change alongside it.
        
         | dkjaudyeqooe wrote:
         | > We've pretty quickly decided to throw out decades of norms
         | 
         | So did Putin. Dying isn't ideal.
        
         | a-dub wrote:
         | it's pretty gross if you ask me. i don't think that throwing
         | stones at the people in a nation where the government is
         | misbehaving helps much anything at all. on the contrary, all it
         | can do, is harm.
        
         | obert wrote:
         | That will keep happening if we build solutions on top of
         | obviously unsafe platforms, ignoring incident after incident.
         | It's not like this is the first time and it's not like people
         | will now suddenly learn from this. Blind software updates like
         | yarn upgrade, brew upgrade etc, happen every single day.
        
       | jeroenhd wrote:
       | I don't see what's wrong with Mongo cutting ties with Russia.
       | There are practical problems receiving payment from Russian
       | territories, and companies are allowed to choose which countries
       | they do and don't do business with.
       | 
       | In a similar fashion, developers may choose who can and cannot
       | use their code. In fact, depending on how your government's
       | sanctions are structured, you may even be obligated to not
       | license code to developers in some countries.
       | 
       | Using malware to overwrite random files against random Russian
       | IPs is obviously stupid. I'm sure the dev will get to explain his
       | case to a judge at some point. The Terraform thing, though, is
       | different; it's not malicious, merely political.
       | 
       | However, I think the assertion that software "should not be
       | political" is silly. All software is political. Open source
       | licenses stem from American ideals of freedom, for example, and
       | are designed to work in the American legal system above all else.
       | Then there are the implied cultural contexts; the list of
       | software that only works in left-to-right configuration or even
       | fail to just accept standard unicode input is laughably huge. The
       | amount of times I've had to adjust software to work with
       | alternative decimal separators...
       | 
       | Independent developers can (and probably should) decide to mostly
       | focus on the problem they themselves are trying to solve. If that
       | doesn't work for someone else, they can either ask (and possibly
       | be denied) alterations to extend the solution to their problem
       | space, or suggest additions by extending the software themselves,
       | but in essence, cultural and political assertions are everywhere
       | throughout "open source".
       | 
       | Protestware has been around for quite a while, but I think this
       | is one of the first times we're seeing high profile developers
       | take a stance. Whatever risk this is exposing was always there;
       | we can try to hide the risks of open source, but in the end,
       | that's just covering them up.
       | 
       | I agree that protestware should not be considered open source,
       | but any open source project can turn into protestware at any
       | time, and it always could have. This is why groups like Debian
       | and companies like Canonical are important: they use their
       | organization to produce a unified view that you can rely on.
       | Debian applies patches to align software with their views in
       | several ways. The result is that software is often re-packaged
       | and is deployed slower than upstream, but stuff like this doesn't
       | get into your systems. The Python/Pip/Cargo/Go way of
       | distributing dependencies directly, rather than using some kind
       | of unified repository, exposes you to the risk of open source
       | software becoming protestware, but it doesn't have to be that
       | way.
       | 
       | Developers scrutinize Debian and Ubuntu for packaging old
       | software, but you can safely develop against their dependencies.
       | This is the open source that can be trusted, to a usual extent.
       | In my opinion, the trust developers place in random usernames on
       | NPM is misplaced, and the extensive dependency graphs modern
       | frameworks require make that problem so much worse.
       | 
       | To those saying that it's bad that innocent Russians are getting
       | hit by this: that's the point. It's also why sanctions are only
       | applied in extreme circumstances. Foreigners can't tell other
       | governments what to do, the best the rest of the world can do is
       | hope or incentivize a country's citizens to make their government
       | change their minds.
        
       | quantum_state wrote:
       | This is a sad thing for FOSS ... why should developers from
       | Russia be penalized for no reason of their own?
        
         | scotty79 wrote:
         | So they can get of their chairs and dethrone the dictator. It's
         | kind of more important right now than writing software.
        
           | brandonmenc wrote:
           | I don't want to hear anyone in this country [the US] complain
           | about the Electoral College or gerrymandering the next time
           | we decide to pull another Iraq War but they're opposed to it.
           | 
           | Just like, overthrow the government - it's so easy!
           | 
           | And if you don't have the guts - well, don't be mad when
           | someone deletes all your files, you collaborator!
        
             | scotty79 wrote:
             | Yes. Exactly. US citizens are responsible for that corrupt
             | systems that there are in place there. And all the war
             | profiteering those systems allowed.
             | 
             | Many average Americans directly benefited from US wars as
             | military employees and contractors.
        
               | cartesius13 wrote:
               | Average Americans most definitely benefited from US
               | military shenanigans but that kinda besides the point
               | here I think. The main point is that "just overthrow your
               | government, bro" is not a thing people can go out and
               | just do and these comments make it seem that they're
               | negligent if they don't start doing it right now. "Just
               | do it, bro. It's so easy"
        
               | brandonmenc wrote:
               | > Many average Americans directly benefited from US wars
               | as military employees and contractors.
               | 
               | True, but the Iraq War was a net negative for the vast
               | majority of Americans, even just financially.
        
           | ridiculous_leke wrote:
           | Not sure if that will motivate them to dethrone the dictator.
           | But this will most likely impact their work and may as well
           | make them more nationalist in the process. And at the same
           | time open source's reputation suffers in the process.
        
           | croes wrote:
           | Dethroning nowadays needs software. No arabian spring without
           | messengers.
           | 
           | People like Putin don't need software but people who oppose
           | him do.
        
         | vkou wrote:
         | Same reason that you shoot at enemy conscripts in a war, drop
         | bombs on enemy cities. Same reason why Russia is now being
         | subjected to sanctions. To undermine the Russian economy in a
         | non-violent manner.
         | 
         | Whether or not it results in political change is irrelevant - a
         | crippled Russia is a sufficient end all in itself, just like
         | dead soldiers is a sufficient end all in itself during a war.
         | Wars rarely end with a government being overthrown, but they do
         | often end when a government decides that peace is the better
         | option. Bombed cities, dead soldiers, and starving children are
         | the calculus that pushes governments towards making that
         | decision.
        
           | HideousKojima wrote:
           | >drop bombs on enemy cities
           | 
           | Unless you're targeting military forces or infrastructure in
           | those cities, bombing civilians is a war crime. Of course,
           | who gets tried as a war criminal or not mostly depends on who
           | wins
        
         | jollybean wrote:
         | Why do you think we are sanctioning Russia? To degrade their
         | ability to project war in Ukraine.
         | 
         | 'Russian Developers' are material to the development of the
         | Russian economy, which is the basis for which the war is
         | projected.
         | 
         | Sanctions could very well spread into software in which FOSS
         | would likely be a part of it, and the terms of the licensing
         | may not really matter.
         | 
         | It's for the same reason that Intel, Nvidia and a host of
         | others have dropped shipments, at least for the time being.
        
           | exizt88 wrote:
           | By that logic, any harm to any Russians, even those living
           | outside of Russia but e.g. sending money back home, would
           | also negatively affect the development of the Russian
           | economy.
           | 
           | How far would you follow that logic? Which Russians should be
           | harmed, in your opinion, and how much?
        
           | defen wrote:
           | Who is going to enforce terms like "Russians aren't allowed
           | to use this"? Russian courts?
        
       | dgan wrote:
       | Such precedents simply indicate immaturity of the developer
       | behind it.
       | 
       | I hate XXX (insert any English speaking politician from Western
       | World), yet I am speaking in English. Shock! Tools are
       | a-political. Could you believe that?
        
         | cartesius13 wrote:
         | I'm currently studying and trying to learn the russian language
         | and I think this argument is a bit of a straw man. I don't
         | think people in general would suggest you're evil for learning
         | a language. Obviously you would find such people on Twitter or
         | Reddit but not in the real world I don't believe
        
           | dgan wrote:
           | just like sometimes we prefer to reason on limits rather than
           | on concrete values, I believe some straw mans are "useful
           | limits" to reason about some concepts
        
       | bjt2n3904 wrote:
       | Certain things should be a-political. Like the international
       | space station, football, and open source software.
       | 
       | But a software development has yielded to demands that it adhere
       | to causes. Redis isn't just a key value store, it's engaging in
       | anti-racism by removing terms of whiteness, like "master" and
       | "slave".
       | 
       | And here we are. Uninstall nginx, unless you're a fascist that
       | supports Putin! Did you hear? Russia is using leftpad.js! Quick,
       | unpublish the repository in solidarity with... We have to reduce
       | harm! No one is neutral! You're for us, or against us!
       | 
       | Lending software to "social progress" leads to the insane place
       | we are today. (And not to mention, it hasn't achieved much.)
       | 
       | No, my software isn't a tool for your social goals, noble as they
       | may be. And that doesn't make me a bad person.
        
         | frozenlettuce wrote:
         | States will never allow a-political things to last for long,
         | there's just too much money and power involved. Even the
         | Olympics has been coopted - the event was created on the
         | premise of reuniting warring nations around sport.
        
         | SamoyedFurFluff wrote:
         | I think this is a straw man. It takes the relatively lukewarm
         | "master/slave terminology should be moved away from" and
         | somehow uses it as an example for "if you use ngix you support
         | Putin". Please consider actually looking at reality how it is,
         | instead of how it might be if it was convenient to bash.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | fhaltmayer wrote:
       | The terraform changes just seem so unprofessional and a prime
       | example of virtue-signaling.
        
         | pavlov wrote:
         | I agree about it being unprofessional. But does "virtue
         | signalling" now mean simply any form of protest?
         | 
         | Were the Canadian truckers protesting in Ottawa virtue
         | signalling? Are people posting "Let's Go Brandon" online also
         | virtue signalling? If not, what's the difference between their
         | form of protest and this Terraform stunt?
        
           | BuyMyBitcoins wrote:
           | My personal sense of the word is that "virtue signaling" is
           | when people intentionally seek recognition from a group by
           | visibly supporting something that group _already_ endorses or
           | considers normal. Going a step further, the support is often
           | exaggerated, not totally sincere, or not congruent with that
           | person's previous behavior.
           | 
           | There is also a sense that whatever thing someone is "virtue
           | signaling" about is acceptable enough that there is no real
           | downside for taking the stance.
           | 
           | It would be like an American proudly declaring how much he
           | loves the United States on Independence Day. He would go out
           | of his way to emphasize just how much of a patriot he is,
           | hoping to be rewarded for doing so.
        
           | teddyh wrote:
           | I believe "virtue signalling" means any form of protest which
           | will not, and does not really try to, have any actual effect
           | on that which it protests against. Any small actor protesting
           | and boycotting something which they are unlikely to affect
           | and even come into contact with, therefore qualifies. The
           | protest is not done to affect any real change, only to signal
           | virtue.
        
           | asoneth wrote:
           | My understanding is that "virtue signaling" implies that the
           | primary goal is performative with minimal personal risk and
           | minimal commitment to productive action. The example that
           | comes to mind is a company that spends far more money
           | informing the public of their charitable works than they do
           | on the works themselves.
           | 
           | So an in-person march, trucker protest, sit-ins, having a
           | private conversation, calling your representative, making
           | personal sacrifices, attempting to bring attention to lesser-
           | known issues, donating money, engaging in dialog to convince
           | someone of your position, etc would not be virtue signaling.
           | 
           | But things like posting "Let's Go Brandon" online, or
           | changing your profile picture with no further action, or
           | unironically using terms like "virtue signaling" for internet
           | points might qualify as virtue signaling.
        
             | stonemetal12 wrote:
             | Just about all of your examples of not virtue signaling
             | could or could not be depending on the context. Going in
             | person to march, posting selfies on facebook, marching two
             | blocks and leaving would be an in-person march and virtue
             | signaling for example. Virtue signaling is more about
             | intent and advertising of the act.
             | 
             | To paraphrase the bible "Jesus said The pious pray in their
             | closet. Those who make big shows of praying in public are
             | nothing but douchebags."
        
               | hguant wrote:
               | You just successfully moved the goalposts by redefining
               | what "going to a march" means...and even then didn't
               | address how "all the examples" don't count. Even then,
               | showing up for a mere two blocks still involves more risk
               | than staying at home.
               | 
               | To me, it's the element of risk that differentiates
               | virtue signaling from meaningful action. Posting "Let's
               | go Brandon" on parlour or "Black Lives Matter" or Tumblr
               | aren't risky actions. Saying "I think gay marriage is ok"
               | in a conservative church is. Just because you can imagine
               | a situation where the context lessens the impact of the
               | action, doesn't mean the example is weak or wrong.
        
             | [deleted]
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | BaseballPhysics wrote:
             | > My understanding is that "virtue signaling" implies that
             | the primary goal is performative with minimal personal risk
             | and minimal commitment to productive action.
             | 
             | And it's based on the flawed assumption that stating public
             | support for something without doing anything else is
             | useless.
             | 
             | But people moderate their behaviour based on perceived
             | social norms.
             | 
             | When people publicly state their support for a given issue,
             | they are communicating what they understand social norms to
             | be.
             | 
             | When a lot of people do that, that _becomes_ the norm.
             | 
             | So "virtue signalling" could just as easily be labelled
             | "showing support", which is the way that we share and align
             | on those norms.
             | 
             | But, of course, folks who _don 't like_ people voicing
             | their support for those values, for fear that they will
             | become normalized, needed to find a label to apply to
             | insult those people and, hopefully, stop people from
             | voicing their support for these social movements.
             | 
             | And thus the term "virtue signalling" was born. Suddenly
             | saying out loud what you believe becomes itself a social
             | moray.
             | 
             | Now flying a pride flag, or calling for increased diversity
             | in the workplace, has become "virtue signalling" and
             | something to be embarrassed about.
             | 
             | It's quite clever as a means of controlling the narrative.
             | And it appears a shocking number of people have bought into
             | the BS.
        
               | jacobr1 wrote:
               | There are a few more dimensions to this.
               | 
               | 1) Does "showing support," actually do anything? Are we
               | really aligning on norms or just scoring points with
               | people who already agree the same position? I suspect the
               | detail matter and that there is continuum, where for
               | uncommon positions maybe it does something, but for
               | widely held views, it really is just "virtue signalling."
               | 
               | 2) When does "showing support," become a substitute for
               | more substantive action. Maybe I post a pride flag on my
               | social media avatar, but don't bother to vote in a local
               | election with discriminatory ballot initiative. Or
               | consider any number of incidents of corporate
               | "greenwashing."
               | 
               | But sure, plenty of virtue signalling, isn't _just_
               | signalling. And we shouldn't dismiss it on those terms,
               | but rather ask about impact.
        
             | monkeybutton wrote:
             | What would you classify wearing poppies around remembrance
             | day as?
        
               | grubsong wrote:
        
               | AlexAndScripts wrote:
               | "Western imperialism"? How exactly was fighting against
               | Germany in WW2 "Western imperialism"?
        
               | tedunangst wrote:
               | Remembering?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | Turing_Machine wrote:
               | At least here in the United States, those are usually
               | sold by charities that benefit various veteran's
               | organizations, so there's some actual skin in the game
               | there.
        
             | Apocryphon wrote:
             | That's not virtue signaling. That's slacktivism.
        
               | DonHopkins wrote:
               | I thought Slacktivism was when Slack bans Russia, and
               | BigMactivism was when McDonalds pulls out of Russia.
        
           | sharkjacobs wrote:
           | If you support a cause, "virtue signal" describes an action
           | which doesn't do a lot to materially support the cause, to
           | encourage people to take more concrete action.
           | 
           | If you oppose a cause, "virtue signal" is a term of
           | denigration for any public action on behalf of the cause to
           | discourage people showing support for it.
        
           | kodah wrote:
           | I think people virtue signal when they dominate conversation
           | with pet political topics. This is especially evident if they
           | continually find non-sequitur ways to include moral and pet
           | topics in regular conversation. I don't think that either of
           | the examples you've brought up are virtue signaling, but
           | introducing the topic of Starbucks cups to redirect a
           | conversation into how "the country has lost its way" is a
           | good example. An example of this on the left is how certain
           | folks will redirect any conversation into one about
           | oppression.
           | 
           | The impact of virtue signalling is pretty evident. Ever seen
           | how in order to make a statement on something you have to
           | first identify yourself _as part of that something that you
           | 're criticising?_ That's a direct byproduct of virtue
           | signaling.
           | 
           | More or less, it's a form of manipulation.
        
           | JulianChastain wrote:
           | The goals/motivations of the action is what matters here.
           | Changing a few lines of code to state your stance on an issue
           | won't cause any level of change whatsoever. It was clearly
           | done to show which side of the war the author supported, more
           | about the author than the conflict. A Canadian protestor that
           | spent most of the time publishing their involvement on social
           | media is virtue signaling, but one that merely occupied the
           | capital is not. Saying "Let's go Brandon" is virtue
           | signaling, unless the signal is meant only for your group,
           | then it is dog whistling
        
           | _jal wrote:
           | > If not, what's the difference
           | 
           | Political valence. It is a term a certain flavor of culture
           | warrior likes to employ in attempts to devalue public
           | statements by their opponents.
        
             | ghostpepper wrote:
             | Like all politically-charged terms, the original meaning
             | has been long lost as the context in which it was coined is
             | forgotten.
             | 
             | I think the term 'virtue signalling' was originally
             | intended to point out a perceived hypocrisy - that it's
             | much easier to gain public support for an
             | idea/cause/campaign if that campaign is perceived to be
             | helping some disenfranchised group - even if the campaign
             | also benefits the organizer, and even if the campaign is
             | not necessarily wanted by some or even all of the
             | allegedly-aggrieved group.
        
             | beaconstudios wrote:
             | It did start out that way (an attack by conservatives
             | against progressives) but has since become ubiquitous. It
             | just refers to immaterial forms of protest that don't
             | accomplish anything except signaling support for a cause.
        
           | tomjen3 wrote:
           | When you protest something not because you care, but in order
           | to signal that you care it is virtual signal (literally, you
           | are trying to signal your virtue).
           | 
           | When you protest for gay rights in 2020 it is a virtue
           | signal. When you protest for gay rights in 1987, it is
           | because you believe in it and are willing to take the cost of
           | it.
           | 
           | Since public trade companies only care about money, when
           | those companies support some course it has become safe enough
           | that it is now virtue signalling.
        
             | SamoyedFurFluff wrote:
             | > When you protest for gay rights in 2020 it is a virtue
             | signal.
             | 
             | I don't think this is the case; it's still legal to
             | discriminate on the basis of sexuality in many states and
             | contexts such as housing in the United States. You may not
             | be able to fire someone for being gay but in many places
             | you can evict them for it.
             | 
             | Additionally I don't think it's virtue signaling to protest
             | for gay rights beyond the small number of countries that
             | recognize marriage. There are still countries where gay
             | behavior is illegal, marriage isn't recognized, and gay
             | panic is a legal defense.
        
           | aaron695 wrote:
        
           | LudwigNagasena wrote:
           | I think it means something like grandstanding and
           | slacktivism.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | ksjnq wrote:
        
       | fxtentacle wrote:
       | In my opinion, these changes are effectively supply-chain attacks
       | in their execution. That would make them bad regardless of how
       | correct their expressed positions are about the Ukraine war.
       | 
       | The fact that there has not been a strong push back confirms my
       | suspicion that by now, everyone has gotten used to Node and NPM
       | being insecure and silently accepted it as a way of life.
       | Similarly, those Terraform scripts are apparently esoteric enough
       | to only be used by a tiny minority of software developers, or
       | else we would have heard about it in a different way.
       | 
       | Thank god nobody did similar shenanigans to open source projects
       | that are actually in wide use :)
        
         | ajross wrote:
         | > In my opinion, these changes are effectively supply-chain
         | attacks in their execution. That would make them bad regardless
         | of how correct their expressed positions are about the Ukraine
         | war.
         | 
         | Well, yeah. War is bad. On the spectrum of war badness,
         | obviously, these pranks are pretty mild. But they're bad. It's
         | a bad situation. When at war, people are forced to do bad
         | things to prevent worse things. That's why _starting wars is
         | very bad_.
         | 
         | Now, sure, you can argue about the semantics about "who" is at
         | war, or whether these npm authors are "really" at war, or why
         | they "think" they're at war, or whether they "should" be at
         | war. You could also get into a discussion about whether or not
         | this tactic is effective (and I'd agree it's hurting more than
         | helping, btw). Go nuts.
         | 
         | But that doesn't change the fact that this is an action in
         | support of a war effort. In wars, principled stands don't win.
         | If you want a particular outcome, you have to pick a side.
        
           | hulitu wrote:
           | > But that doesn't change the fact that this is an action in
           | support of a war effort. In wars, principled stands don't
           | win. If you want a particular outcome, you have to pick a
           | side.
           | 
           | I picked a side. I will take care that npm is not installed
           | on my computers. Take your political sh*t out of my computer.
        
           | jollybean wrote:
           | "principled stands don't win."
           | 
           | Fighting against bad actors is definitely a 'principled
           | decision'.
           | 
           | Ignoring the situation and not taking action is an
           | 'unprincipled decision'. Though it might disguised as
           | principled action, on the basis of supporting some other
           | principle, such 'open source', but ignoring one at the
           | expense of another implies serious lack of self awareness.
           | 
           | This war, plus COVID, and the recently released documents
           | indicating a planned invasion of Taiwan (though we don't know
           | for sure) - represent major geopolitical shift of the order
           | of WW1/WW2/End of Cold War, the stakes and consequences are
           | enormous.
        
             | ajross wrote:
             | That's sort of a semantic argument. To be clear: I was
             | contrasting "choosing a side" (in this case by senselessly
             | pranking your npm customers) as being a "practical" choice,
             | vs. the "principled" stand taken to avoid the conflict out
             | of a general sense of open source decorum. Obviously in
             | some sense all decisions are based on "principle".
             | 
             | And the point is that it's a war. We've crossed the "bad
             | things are going to happen" Rubicon already. You can't make
             | principled arguments like that against people who have
             | chosen to engage in a war out of the hope or desire for one
             | side to win. They already did that moral calculus. It's
             | like telling someone they shouldn't defend their home
             | because pacifism is more important. You might be right, but
             | you won't change anyone's mind.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | AeroNotix wrote:
         | What rights are you inaliably afforded from open source?
        
         | armchairhacker wrote:
         | iirc npm has support for pinning dependencies, you just have to
         | remove the "^" at the start of the dependency version. Is there
         | a global option in npm or yarn or pnpm? Why don't they make
         | this the default?
        
         | roenxi wrote:
         | There is so much wrong with this situation. Are developers who
         | do something like delete-based-on-IP liable for some sort of
         | civil or criminal penalty? Attempting to do active harm to a
         | computer surely can't be legal.
        
         | feross wrote:
         | We're building Socket to stop this exact type of attack. See
         | https://socket.dev
         | 
         | Socket turns the whole npm security problem on its head and
         | asks: what if we assume all open source may be malicious? Can
         | we proactively detect indicators of compromised packages?
         | What's the simplest way to mitigate this risk without hurting
         | usability?
        
         | jollybean wrote:
         | " That would make them bad regardless of how correct their
         | expressed positions are about the Ukraine war."
         | 
         | ? 'Supply chain attacks' are exactly the kind of thing we would
         | want to wage on a nation possibly in this current situation.
         | 
         | We would definitely wage a supply chain attacks against a
         | theoretical Hitler, and this situation approaches that.
         | 
         | 'Open Source Contracts' ideals a bit moot during a war, which
         | we have been dragged into given the fact the world is
         | interconnected. FOSS is an ideal of economic civility which
         | doesn't exist during a war.
         | 
         | The 'consideration' that we might use right now is not one of
         | legality or civility but pragmatism - an attack directly on
         | Russia might be contemplated as a act of war. 'Not Doing
         | Business' with them is something else.
        
           | fxtentacle wrote:
           | Apparently I didn't make that part clear enough: This is a
           | supply-chain attack against EVERYONE using their project.
           | Those users will be 99% innocent civilians.
           | 
           | I might one day have an IP that is accidentally mis-
           | classified as Russia. I mean those Geo-IP services are only
           | like 95% accurate and they go out of date pretty quickly and
           | updates are expensive. Plus .RU VPN services used to rent
           | subnets in the US all the time. But then all of my files get
           | deleted because someone wanted to make a point. So then I'm
           | collateral damage in someone's remote fight in a war that
           | neither of us were actually involved in.
           | 
           | Your argument is a bit like saying "It's OK to use chemical
           | weapons because we're the good guys." They are not banned to
           | protect soldiers, they are banned to protect civilians. And
           | most likely, node-ipc's patch will hurt much more innocent
           | civilians than it'll hurt Russian soldiers. It's the software
           | equivalent of indiscriminate bombing.
        
           | toss1 wrote:
           | >>'Open Source Contracts' ideals a bit moot during a war
           | 
           | THIS!!
           | 
           | Russia's govt is happy to commit multiple war crimes in it's
           | unprovoked assault on Ukraine, and Putin just signed a bill
           | expropriating $10 billion in leased airplanes that are
           | stranded in Russia.
           | 
           | This is war. With a country that clearly hasn't gone past the
           | amorality of that Axis powers in WWII, yet now has 21st
           | century weapons.
           | 
           | And some dolts here think the sanctity of Open Source
           | contracts is more important?
           | 
           | There is a lot of brilliance here on HN, but this is also a
           | display of some of the insane levels of myopia here. The fact
           | that this is even considered anything more than trivia and
           | you are downvoted to a very light gray is evidence of that.
           | 
           | Wow.
        
       | samwillis wrote:
       | This is exactly the problem with "uncurated" package managers
       | like NPM and PyPi and where a curated package system like APT and
       | RPM offer such a strong advantage. Far fewer people for you to
       | have to put your trust into, but still a trust based system. They
       | have gone so completely out of favour though.
       | 
       | It's understandable why people moved to the uncurated systems,
       | it's so much easier to publish and so the variety of what's
       | available is brilliant. But I don't think the tooling is there
       | yet with all the languages that use them. Really we should have
       | the ability to control permissions at the library level, choosing
       | specifically what they can do.
       | 
       | Deno is doing some interesting things at the app level but has
       | any language done anything with library level permissions?
       | 
       | Maybe we will see a movement back to the curated package
       | managers, there may even be an opportunity to provide a curated
       | service layer over the uncurated package managers like PyPi and
       | NPN, possibly a paid service?
        
         | zokier wrote:
         | > there may even be an opportunity to provide a curated service
         | layer over the uncurated package managers like PyPi and NPN,
         | possibly a paid service?
         | 
         | Anaconda comes to mind, and I've heard that for Haskell there
         | is Stackage
        
         | asiachick wrote:
         | I don't really think it has anything to do with curated. It has
         | to do with popularity/accessibility. There are more JS
         | programmers than just about anything (my belief) and they have
         | an easy to use and contribute package manager. (unlike say
         | C/C++). Curation, IMO, would crumble under the pressure.
         | 
         | Also AFAICT, Rust's package manager is uncurated? So is Swift's
         | but AFAIK Swift doesn't really have an "official" manager and
         | so doesn't have the conditions for the same level of
         | popularity/accessibility.
         | 
         | Maybe that suggests no package manager is better? The C/C++
         | way? Because spreading malware is harder? Of course conversely,
         | excepting exploit fixes is harder.
        
         | malka wrote:
         | I think a better solution would be to never execute anything
         | unsandboxed.
        
         | zokier wrote:
         | > has any language done anything with library level
         | permissions?
         | 
         | Java Security Manager?
        
       | Dove wrote:
       | We have parallel problems in science and in software.
       | 
       | My faith in science was never in the moral character of
       | scientists and their organizations - individuals and
       | organizations are always vulnerable to corruption. My faith was
       | in the principle of replication. If anyone can repeat an
       | experiment, we can all see for ourselves what is true, and a
       | community dedicated to that (and individuals with a healthy fear
       | of the process) is reliable.
       | 
       | Only, we don't replicate experiments. We got so busy and excited
       | building on what had gone before that we've built some huge
       | houses of cards on questionable foundations, because who wants to
       | spend time and money doing replication? Distracted by the free
       | riches, we neglected what had always been the source of our
       | strength, and here we are - arguing over who funded studies and
       | fuming over the replication crisis.
       | 
       | Where are the critics who say, "I can't trust that paper - it's
       | impossible to replicate!" Where are our Poppers who insist on
       | falsifiability? An entire community that frowned on complexity
       | and opaqueness and walled gardens of data, a community that
       | trusted things insofar as they had been replicated and re-
       | examined from many angles and proven sound, would force us
       | towards a level of simplicity, honesty, and reliability that
       | science should have. Instead, a general agreement to pursue
       | individual and institutional glory at the expense of upholding
       | foundational principles has rotted the foundation of the
       | endeavor.
       | 
       | Put simply, I trust science because you can replicate it. But for
       | whatever reason, (and I can't propose a specific solution, but),
       | to the degree our community is not devoted to replication, it
       | loses its trustworthiness.
       | 
       | Software has a parallel problem.
       | 
       | I don't trust open source software because I trust the character
       | of developers or institutions. I trust it because it can be
       | examined and fixed. Because of reproducible builds. Because
       | anyone can examine it, anyone can build it, no trust of
       | individuals or organizations is needed. A community that insists
       | on such features and abhors offerings that offend these
       | principles will steer us towards a level of simplicity,
       | comprehensibility, reproducibility that open source software
       | should have.
       | 
       | But we are all so excited to build things on top of other things
       | that we spend much more time multiplying dependencies and
       | layering on complexity than worrying about foundational
       | principles. We are now seeing the rotting foundations.
       | 
       | There are people who complain about whether code can be examined,
       | or factors that make it difficult. It is becoming increasingly
       | important to listen to them! A community that celebrated open
       | source software, not only for what it can functionally do, but
       | for how _open_ it is, is what is needed to maintain those
       | foundations. A community that has trust issues with unexaminable
       | long dependency chains, that is sensitive to the difference
       | between software that has been around the block and examined for
       | a long time, and software that some guy just put out last night.
       | 
       | Put simply, I trust open source because you can examine it. But
       | for whatever reason, (and I can't propose a specific solution,
       | but), to the degree our community is not devoted to examination,
       | it loses trustworthiness.
       | 
       | Reserve your trust for communities that take seriously the
       | principles that trust is built on.
        
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