[HN Gopher] Apple M1 Ultra
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Apple M1 Ultra
        
       Author : davidbarker
       Score  : 1122 points
       Date   : 2022-03-08 19:00 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.apple.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.apple.com)
        
       | mwcampbell wrote:
       | I wonder how long it will be until a CPU as capable as this one
       | will be the required baseline for ordinary apps. Is there any
       | hope that the upgrade treadmill will stop any time soon?
        
         | FredPret wrote:
         | One day we'll be up to our eyeballs in computronium, and it
         | will never be enough.
         | 
         | Thinking is a superpower even better than being the first
         | species to develop sight.
         | 
         | See also "The Last Question" by Asimov.
        
         | bufferoverflow wrote:
         | There will always be apps that use all the power you throw at
         | them. Raytracing scales pretty much linearly with the core
         | count. Compression does too.
         | 
         | But your everyday apps like your browser have been fast for at
         | least a decade.
        
           | ip26 wrote:
           | Yes, but your current browser is probably not very fast on a
           | Nehalem. That is what they are lamenting. Will a M1 Ultra one
           | day be too slow to run Calculator?
           | 
           | Answer: Just wait for some genius to figure out how to run
           | Electron inside Electron, and port Calculator to it.
        
       | xedrac wrote:
       | While I'm not on the Apple train, I love how they are pushing
       | AMD, Intel and NVidia out of complacency. No more of these little
       | tiny incremental improvements to milk the industry. Bring your
       | BEST to the table or get left behind!
        
         | 3836293648 wrote:
         | None of those three were anywhere near complacent before Apple
         | released the M1. A few years ago, before Zen, absolutely, but
         | now it's actually very competitive. But more competition
         | doesn't hurt
        
         | dartharva wrote:
         | This can also backfire on consumers if the competitors decide
         | to keep up with their user-hostile practices as well: locked-
         | down walled gardens, zero customisability/upgradability for
         | hardware, low repairability, low interoperability with set
         | standards to "distinguish" their products, planned
         | obsolescence, etc.
        
         | olliej wrote:
         | I'm find the slow drip of M1 extensions to be kind of ehn -
         | like the tick part of the old intel cycle, only in this case
         | it's literally just gluing more of the same cores together
         | (obviously work is involved, but not at the level of an
         | architecture rev)
         | 
         | (edit: calm down people, I recognize it's impressive, but it's
         | just not as fun an announcement as an architecture rev, which I
         | was hoping for after a year :D )
        
           | teilo wrote:
           | It's literally not.
        
           | outworlder wrote:
           | If 'gluing cores together' were this simple, every random
           | desktop CPU would have 20 cores. That's not the case.
        
             | Dylan16807 wrote:
             | You're forgetting price. If simplicity was the main
             | concern, every random desktop CPU _would_ have 16+ cores
             | right now.
        
           | jjtheblunt wrote:
           | what? the unified memory growth IS an architecture rev
        
         | soheil wrote:
         | Milk?
        
           | mulmen wrote:
           | milk verb                 2 : to draw something from as if by
           | milking: such as              b : to draw or coerce profit or
           | advantage from illicitly or to an extreme degree : exploit
           | milk the joke for all it's worth
           | 
           | https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/milk
        
         | jonplackett wrote:
         | Makes you wonder how many they can glue together. Looking at
         | you Mac Pro
        
           | zitterbewegung wrote:
           | Probably at least four together with LPDDR5X to get up to 1.5
           | TB and forty cores.
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | Let's hope they don't also push their lock-in business models
         | onto others.
        
       | pphysch wrote:
       | > This enables M1 Ultra to behave and be recognized by software
       | as one chip, so developers don't need to rewrite code to take
       | advantage of its performance. There's never been anything like
       | it.
       | 
       | Since when did the average developer care about how many sockets
       | a mobo has...?
       | 
       | Surely you still have to carefully pin processes and reason about
       | memory access patterns if you want maximum performance.
        
         | KolenCh wrote:
         | For any applications people use to justify buying a more than
         | one socket machine needs this.
         | 
         | Eg simulation softwares often used in the industry (but the one
         | I've on top of my head is Windows only.)
         | 
         | Anyway, the point the make is this: if you claim doubling
         | performance, but only the selected few softwares as you
         | observed would be optimized to take advantage of this extra
         | performance, then this is mostly useless to the average
         | consumer. So their point is made exactly with your observation
         | in mind, that all your softwares is benefiting from it.
         | 
         | But actually their statement is obviously wrong for people in
         | the business--this is still NUMA and your software should be
         | NUMA aware to be really squeezing the last bit of performance.
         | It just degrades more gracefully to non optimized code.
        
         | KaiserPro wrote:
         | I think its more the case that OSX hasn't really had SMP/numa
         | for a long time.
         | 
         | My understanding was the the dustbin was designed with one big
         | processor because SMP/numa was a massive pain in the arse for
         | the kernel devs at the time so it was easier to just drop it
         | and not worry.
        
         | jra101 wrote:
         | They are referring to the GPU part of the chip. There are two
         | separate GPU complexes on the die but from the software point
         | of view, it is a single large GPU.
        
         | grork wrote:
         | I thought that to extract peak performance out of NUMA based
         | systems, you had to get down-and-dirty with memory access &
         | locality to ensure you don't cross sockets for data thats
         | stored in RAM attached to other CPUs.
         | 
         | Or am I out of date on NUMA systems?
        
           | pphysch wrote:
           | The big dies these days (M1 included) have non-uniform memory
           | access baked in because they distribute the memory caches. If
           | you want maximum performance, you will certainly want to be
           | aware of which "performance core" you're running in.
        
           | otherjason wrote:
           | This is what they were referring to. To get optimum
           | performance out of NUMA systems, you need to be careful about
           | memory allocation and usage to maximize the proportion of
           | your accesses that are local to the NUMA domain where the
           | code is running. Apple's answer here is essentially "we made
           | the link between NUMA domains have such high bandwidth, you
           | don't even have to think about this."
        
         | adfgadfgaery wrote:
         | This line is nonsense and you can safely ignore it. There have
         | been multi-chip-modules that act like a single socket for many
         | years. In particular, pretty much every current AMD CPU works
         | that way. I guarantee you that for the M1 Ultra, just like
         | every CPU before it, the abstraction will be leaky. Programmers
         | will still care about the interconnect when eking out the last
         | few percent of performance.
         | 
         | Remember the Pentium D? Unfortunately, I used to own one.
        
           | kllrnohj wrote:
           | The existing AMD CPUs aren't _quite_ like that. Technically
           | they are all UMA, not NUMA - the L3 cache is distributed, but
           | they are all behind a single memory controller with
           | consistent latencies to all cores. But the Threadripper 1st
           | gen was absolutely like that. Straight up 2+ CPUs connected
           | via infinity fabric pretending to be a single CPU. So is that
           | 56 core Xeon that Intel was bragging about for a while there
           | until the 64 core Epycs  & Threadrippers embarrassed the hell
           | out of it.
        
             | adfgadfgaery wrote:
             | >Technically they are all UMA, not NUMA - the L3 cache is
             | distributed, but they are all behind a single memory
             | controller with consistent latencies to all cores.
             | 
             | This stuff rapidly starts to make my head spin. I have not
             | studied interconnects and have never written any NUMA-aware
             | software. I will just post this link (read the "Memory
             | Latency" section):
             | 
             | https://www.anandtech.com/show/16529/amd-epyc-milan-
             | review/4
             | 
             | As I understand it, the I/O die is partitioned into four
             | quadrants. Each quadrant has two memory controllers and is
             | attached to two compute dies. CPUs can access memory
             | attached to the same quadrant with lower latency than going
             | to another quadrant. This is a NUMA system that can be
             | configured to appear as one logical NUMA node.
             | 
             | I believe their smaller parts with two or fewer compute
             | dies will be UMA, but with the same non-uniform latency to
             | L3.
             | 
             | >So is that 56 core Xeon that Intel was bragging about for
             | a while there until the 64 core Epycs & Threadrippers
             | embarrassed the hell out of it.
             | 
             | I believe the 64-core Epycs and Threadrippers came first.
             | The 56-core Xeon was a purpose-built part for HPC, so it
             | wasn't _quite_ a marketing gimmick.
        
         | yuuko11 wrote:
         | Not sure what is required of a dev, but as an example, Adobe
         | Premiere pro doesn't take any advantage of >1 CPU, at least on
         | Windows. https://www.pugetsystems.com/labs/articles/Should-you-
         | use-a-...
        
           | masklinn wrote:
           | It's probably not "average developer" either but some of the
           | big box software still has per-socket licensing, or had until
           | recently anyway.
        
           | w0mbat wrote:
           | Article is 5 years old.
        
           | AdrianB1 wrote:
           | CPU as in core or socket? These days most CPUs are "many-CPU-
           | cores-in-1-socket" and having X CPU cores over 1 or 2 sockets
           | make a small difference, but software does not care about
           | sockets.
        
             | aidenn0 wrote:
             | Plenty of enterprise software is licensed on a per-socket
             | basis.
        
               | pphysch wrote:
               | And if they read this press release they will probably
               | try to switch to per-core licensing.
        
       | excerionsforte wrote:
       | They say this is the M1 Ultra Benchmark
       | https://browser.geekbench.com/v5/cpu/13330272 Wow.
        
         | mberning wrote:
         | Single core does not appear any better than m1 mini.
        
           | MBCook wrote:
           | That's not too surprising, it's the same base chip. The core
           | designs are identical, there are just more of them and they
           | _may_ run at a slightly higher clock.
           | 
           | I wouldn't expect single-threaded improvement until the M2.
        
       | lend000 wrote:
       | Are the neural engines actually used for anything, to anyone's
       | knowledge?
       | 
       | Edit: Apparently in iPhones, they are used for FaceID.
        
         | iamgopal wrote:
         | Or does any popular ML libraries support it ?
        
         | can16358p wrote:
         | Probably object tracking in videos will be the best use of
         | them.
         | 
         | Or, there will be some new form of video generation (like the
         | ones generating video from Deep Dream etc, but something aimed
         | at studio production) using ML that wasn't practically usable
         | before.
         | 
         | It opens many doors, but it will take at least many months, if
         | not years, to see some new "kind" of software to emerge that
         | efficiently makes use of them.
        
         | daggersandscars wrote:
         | Adobe uses them Lightroom / Photoshop for some functions.
         | 
         | https://www.digitalcameraworld.com/news/apple-m1-chip-makes-...
        
         | acchow wrote:
         | I thought it's also used to activate Siri by voice without any
         | CPU usage
        
         | bm-rf wrote:
         | Would something like huggingface transformers ever be able to
         | support this? Or is it best fit to just use the GPU.
        
         | sharikous wrote:
         | CoreML models may run on them to macOS's discretion. If you
         | manage to get your neural network in CoreML's format you may
         | use it.
        
         | jazzyjackson wrote:
         | Adobe Photoshop, Premiere etc make use of it for scene
         | detection, content aware fill, "neural filters" and so on
        
           | poyu wrote:
           | This[1] neural filter?
           | 
           | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hq8DgpgtSQQ
        
         | speed_spread wrote:
         | It's to build a giant distributed Aleph in which a preserved
         | digitized Steve Jobs can live once again.
        
         | xiphias2 wrote:
         | I think the most important use of the neural engines so far is
         | for the internal camera postprocessing. Better camera
         | postprocessing is the reason why people buy new iPhones.
        
           | piyh wrote:
           | Throw in translation, on device image labeling, stuff like on
           | body walking/biking detection, voice recognition.
        
         | sercand wrote:
         | Neural Engines may be used in CoreML models. I don't know it
         | can be used with Apple's BNNS library [1]. You can use with
         | TensorFlow Lite with coreML delegate as well [2]. And some
         | tried to reverse engineer it and used it for model training
         | [3].
         | 
         | [1] https://developer.apple.com/documentation/accelerate/bnns
         | 
         | [2] https://www.tensorflow.org/lite/performance/coreml_delegate
         | 
         | [3] https://github.com/geohot/tinygrad#ane-support-broken
        
       | vmception wrote:
       | > M1 Ultra can be configured with up to 128GB of high-bandwidth,
       | low-latency unified memory
       | 
       | Nice! Good enough to run a Solana node!
       | 
       | I was slightly annoyed that the M1 Max's 64gb RAM puts it just
       | under the system requirements, at that premium price
       | 
       | But I don't have any other theoretical use case for that much
       | resources
        
       | xiphias2 wrote:
       | Didn't AMD do something similar with putting 2 CPU chips together
       | with cache in-between? What's the difference here in packaging
       | technology? (maybe there is no shared cache here)
        
         | diamondlovesyou wrote:
         | Yes. AMD has had integrated CPU+GPU+ _cache-coherent HBM_ for a
         | while. You can 't buy these parts as a consumer though. And
         | they're probably priced north of 20k$/each at volume, with the
         | usual healthy enterprise-quality margins.
        
         | paulpan wrote:
         | I think you're referring to AMD's 3D V-Cache, which is already
         | out in their Epyc "Milan X" lineup and forthcoming Ryzen
         | 5800X3D. https://www.amd.com/en/campaigns/3d-v-cache
         | 
         | Whereas AMD's solution is focused on increasing the cache size
         | (hence the 3D stacking), Apple here seems to be connecting the
         | 2 M1 Max chips more tightly. It's actually more reminiscent of
         | AMD's Infinity Fabric interconnect architecture.
         | https://en.wikichip.org/wiki/amd/infinity_fabric
         | 
         | The interesting part for this M1 Ultra is that Apple opted to
         | connect 2 existing chips, rather than design a new one
         | altogether. Very likely the reason is cost - this M1 Ultra will
         | be a low volume part, as will be future iterations of it. The
         | other approach would've been to design a motherboard that
         | sockets 2 chips, which seems would've been cheaper/faster than
         | this - albeit at expense of performance. But they've designed a
         | new "socket" anyway due to this new chip's much bigger
         | footprint.
        
         | calaphos wrote:
         | They have been shipping multi die CPUs for quite a while, but
         | the interconnect is closer to a PCIe connection (slower, longer
         | range, less contacts).
         | 
         | Intels upcomming Saphire Rapid server CPUs are extremly
         | similar, with wide connections between two close dies.
         | Crossectional bandwith is in the same order of magnitude there.
        
         | adfgadfgaery wrote:
         | AMD is currently shipping high-end CPUs built with up to nine
         | dies. Their ordinary desktop parts have up to three. They are
         | not built with "cache in-between". There is one special I/O die
         | but it does not contain any cache. Each compute die contains
         | its own cache.
        
         | MBCook wrote:
         | This doesn't seem to be two cores connected in standard SMP
         | configuration, or with a shared cache between them. Apple
         | claims there were like 10,000 connection points.
         | 
         | It _sounds_ like this operates as if it was one giant physical
         | chip, not two separate processors that can talk very fast.
         | 
         | I can't wait to see benchmarks.
        
           | haneefmubarak wrote:
           | Modern SMP systems have NUMA behavior mostly not because of a
           | lack of bandwidth but because of latency. At the speeds
           | modern hardware operates at, the combination of distance,
           | SerDes, and other transmission factors result in high
           | latencies when you cross dies - this can't be ameliorated by
           | massively increasing bandwidth via parallel lanes. For
           | context, some server chips which have all the cores on a
           | single die exhibit NUMA behavior purely because there's too
           | many cores to all be physically close to each other
           | geometrically (IIRC the first time I saw this was on an 18
           | core Xeon, with cores that themselves were a good bit smaller
           | than these).
           | 
           | It's probably best to think of this chip as an extremely fast
           | double socket SMP where the two sockets have much lower
           | latency than normal. Software written with that in mind or
           | multiple programs operating fully independent of each other
           | will be able to take massive advantage of this, but most
           | parallel code written for single socket systems will
           | experience reduced gains or even potential losses depending
           | on their parallelism model.
        
       | sairahul82 wrote:
       | I agree that M1 is great but the entire press release is full of
       | adjectives. I never read any press release like it.
        
       | jdlyga wrote:
       | The Apple M1 Megazord, supporting 16 external monitors and 5
       | power rangers.
        
       | msoad wrote:
       | At what point Apple will put those chips in their servers or sell
       | server chips? It only makes sense for them to take this
       | architecture to the cloud deployments
        
         | ghostly_s wrote:
         | Unfortunately I still don't think the market has much interest
         | in energy-efficient servers. But maybe the energy-sector crunch
         | created by Putin's war will precipitate some change here...
        
           | FredPret wrote:
           | Energy is probably the biggest bill for a data centre.
           | 
           | Lower TDP = lower electric bills and lower airconditioning
           | bill. Win win
        
         | LeoPanthera wrote:
         | I bet someone will make a bracket to hold a bunch of Mac
         | Studios in a rack.
        
         | lambda_dn wrote:
         | They could be secretly working on their own cloud platform,
         | with their data centres having a choice between M1, Pro Max
         | ultra instances. $$$$
        
           | memco wrote:
           | Don't they already offer Xcode build as a service? That
           | presumably is using Mac servers so it wouldn't be totally out
           | of the blue to have more Mac SaaS.
        
           | jdgoesmarching wrote:
           | For a company betting so heavily on "services," it would be
           | borderline incompetence if they weren't working on this. Even
           | just for internal use it would still be a better investment
           | than the stupid car.
        
         | stjohnswarts wrote:
         | It's going to be a couple years. The guys who bought those
         | power workstations and servers will be very peeved if it
         | happens too quickly
        
         | arcticbull wrote:
         | They likely won't re-visit the Xserve, IMO. No reason to. They
         | can't sell them at a premium compared to peers and its outside
         | their area of expertise.
        
           | jazzyjackson wrote:
           | I don't know, the performance per watt has a big effect on
           | data-centers, both in power budget and HVAC for cooling.
        
           | em500 wrote:
           | > They can't sell them at a premium compared to peers
           | 
           | Intel is believed to have pretty good margins on their server
           | CPUs
           | 
           | > and its outside their area of expertise.
           | 
           | That's what people used to say about Apple doing CPUs in-
           | house.
        
             | npunt wrote:
             | FWIW, Apple's been helping define CPU specs in-house since
             | the 90s. They were part of an alliance with Motorola and
             | IBM to make PowerPC, and bought a substantial part of ARM
             | and did a joint venture to make Newton's CPU. And they've
             | done a bunch of architecture jumps, from 6502 to 68k to PPC
             | to Intel to A-series.
             | 
             | Folks who said CPUs weren't their core expertise (I assume
             | back in 2010 or before, prior to A4) missed out on just how
             | involved they've historically been, what it takes to get
             | involved, the role of fabs and off the shelf IP to
             | gradually build expertise, and what benefits were possible
             | when building silicon and software toward common purpose.
        
           | eli wrote:
           | To be fair, that _exact_ criticism has been leveled against
           | them multiple times before and been proven wrong.
        
           | nicoburns wrote:
           | I doubt they'll go after the web server market. But I wonder
           | if they might go after the sort of rendering farms that
           | animation studios like Pixar use. Those guys are willing to
           | pay silly money for hardware, and are market Apple has a long
           | history with.
        
         | xyst wrote:
         | It makes sense, although what I am concerned about is the cost.
         | Apple isn't exactly know for providing services at or near
         | cost.
        
         | adfgadfgaery wrote:
         | It doesn't make much sense to me. The M1 is designed to have
         | memory in the same package as the processor. This leads to
         | reduced latency and increased bandwidth. Moving to off-package
         | memory might totally destroy its performance, and there is an
         | upper limit on how much memory can go in the package.
         | 
         | The M1 Ultra is already a little light on memory for its price
         | and processing power; it would have much too little memory for
         | a cloud host.
        
         | xiphias2 wrote:
         | As more developers move to ARM architecture by buying Macbooks
         | (I did it last year the first time in my life), ARM cloud will
         | grow very fast, and Apple needs growth, so they can't afford
         | not to do it in a few years (probably with M2 architecture they
         | are already thinking of it). Regarding the exact timeline: I
         | don't know :)
        
           | andrewxdiamond wrote:
           | They'd have to go all-in on supporting third party OSs like
           | Linux first. Sure, there are projects to bring linux to the
           | M1, but enterprises that buy commercial server hardware will
           | demand 1st party support
        
             | ksubedi wrote:
             | Knowing Apple, their version of "cloud" servers would
             | probably be some sort of SDK that lets developers build
             | applications on top of their hardware / software stack, and
             | charge per usage. Kind of like Firebase, but with Apple's
             | stack.
        
               | xiphias2 wrote:
               | It will be a hard business decision for them, as at this
               | point it's extremely hard to compete with Amazon, Google
               | and Microsoft. Maybe they will buy up some cloud services
               | provider, we'll see.
        
             | tylerjd wrote:
             | The major Linux providers already offer 1st party supported
             | Linux on AWS. Both RHEL and Ubuntu instances offer support
             | contracts from their respective companies, as well as
             | Amazon Linux from AWS themselves. It is already here and a
             | big force there. You can provision ElastiCache and RDS
             | Graviton instances too.
        
               | OJFord wrote:
               | Yes but on architectures that are already supported
               | outside of AWS. It's not about running Linux in AWS, it's
               | about running Linux on the chosen chip.
        
       | superkuh wrote:
       | It sounds like the chip is fast but I wonder, if like other M1
       | products, the computers built with it will be fairly restricted,
       | like a console, in terms of the hardware they're able to use (not
       | being able to boot off external HDDs, problems with thunderbolt 3
       | compatibility in peripherals, having to use abstraction layers to
       | run most of the software world indirectly or have specific
       | porting projects dedicated to M1, etc).
        
         | aaomidi wrote:
         | > having to use abstraction layers to run most of the software
         | world indirectly
         | 
         | Nearly everything I use daily is built for M1 now.
         | 
         | https://isapplesiliconready.com/
         | 
         | And honestly, if it's not, its a good indication that it's time
         | to move away from that product as they don't care about a huge
         | segment of their users.
        
           | drcongo wrote:
           | Dropbox and Signal are the only two I ever use, and yeah, the
           | lack of interest in porting to M1 from both of those
           | companies is increasing my lack of interest in their apps.
        
             | nintendo1889 wrote:
             | That page says that both of those apps are supported.
        
               | MBCook wrote:
               | I believe Dropbox was in the last few months. Which was
               | still over a year after public release of the M1.
        
               | superkuh wrote:
               | I'm sure most extremely popular corporate software has
               | been ported. But that's just a tiny fraction of the
               | available software. I know most Apple users don't try
               | anything outside their walled garden so it doesn't make a
               | difference to them, but the vast majority of possible
               | software has not and will not ever be ported to a form
               | that can run on the M1 architecture. Whereas on x86 Apple
               | computers you can compile and run pretty much everything.
        
         | cersa8 wrote:
         | Maybe this is the same marketing speak as we've seen with the
         | 1600 nits peak, and 1000 nits sustained brightness claim for
         | the new mini led displays. Which later became 500 nits for SDR
         | content, when ambient temperature allows. [0]
         | 
         | I want to see proper benchmarks before getting too exited.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.notebookcheck.net/The-new-MacBook-Pro-14-only-
         | ma...
        
       | jjuuaann wrote:
        
       | Geee wrote:
       | This is insane. They claim that its GPU performance tops the RTX
       | 3090, while using 200W less power. I happen to have this GPU on
       | my PC and not only it costs over $3000, but its also very power-
       | hungry and loud.
       | 
       | Currently, you need this kind of GPU performance for high
       | resolution VR gaming at 90 fps, but its just barely enough. This
       | means that the GPU will run very loudly and heat up the room, and
       | running games like HL Alyx on max settings is still not possible.
       | 
       | It seems that Apple might be the only company who can deliver a
       | proper VR experience. I can't wait to see what they've been
       | cooking up.
        
         | michaelmrose wrote:
         | Why would you believe that it tops the RTX 3090? It's just 2 of
         | their prior chips in the same package? This is purely marketing
         | nonsense with nothing to back it up.
         | 
         | At least in the US You can get a 3090 for 2200 even with markup
         | and an almost as good 3080 for $1150. If you wait until its in
         | stock at a big box store you can get one for less even. A
         | machine could be built with a 3080 for $2000.
         | 
         | Meanwhile a system based on on the 64 core GPU will run you
         | $5000 and as such is affordable to nearly nobody thus few will
         | get a chance to see it drastically under perform in the gaming
         | arena on any of the games that don't support mac on arm.
         | 
         | With an absolutely invisible market share in the gaming desktop
         | there will never be any incentive for anyone to change this
         | insofar as direct support leaving you reliant on translation
         | from x86 and from windows executables paying doubly in terms of
         | compatibility and performance from an already very expensive
         | and lackluster starting point.
        
         | willis936 wrote:
         | The relative graphics claims are particularly dubious. M1 Ultra
         | has 10% less memory throughput than a 3090. I somehow doubt
         | that nvidia has left performance on the table that Apple is
         | picking up, even with the power savings of being on a smaller
         | node. On the balance of things this just seems wrong. The
         | intuitive range of relative performance for a 3090 in flat-out
         | single precision vector workloads should top out at 90% but
         | more likely 75% or less.
        
         | EugeneOZ wrote:
         | But it's still impossible to replace RTX 3090 with this new Mac
         | Studio because games just will not run on MacOS.
        
           | idonotknowwhy wrote:
           | Maybe Valve can port proton to mac
        
             | OOPMan wrote:
             | That would not help. The reason proton works so well is
             | because Linux on x86 and Windows on x86....are both on x86.
             | 
             | Proton on ARM Mac's would involve Rosetta and while that
             | does a surprisingly good job of running x86 on ARM I'm not
             | sure it's up to the job of running games at high speed...
        
               | kitsunesoba wrote:
               | Games seem playable running through Microsoft's inferior
               | x86 compatibility layer in a Windows ARM VM on M1
               | Pro/Max, so I don't see how running games through Rosetta
               | would be any worse.
        
               | opless wrote:
               | Real world example M1 Max;
               | 
               | GTAV on Win11 Arm VM - okay, but not great.
               | 
               | GTAV on Crossover - much much better, lack of joystick
               | support (but that's a crossover issue)
        
               | EugeneOZ wrote:
               | If you have some monster like 3090, you expect it to run
               | games smoothly on "ultra" settings. In reality, some
               | games are pushing its limits even on "middle" settings
               | (Cyberpunk 2077 @ 2k, RDR2 @ 4k). Any emulator will hit
               | performance, so if you want some top-of-the-top
               | performance - you still need Windows PC with RTX 3090.
               | And it will not be even more expensive than Mac Studio ;)
        
               | dcow wrote:
               | I want my game to vsync with my monitor. That is _all_ I
               | care about.
        
               | OOPMan wrote:
               | Your 4k monitor?
        
               | dcow wrote:
               | I have a 5k monitor, but yes. That is literally all I
               | care about.
        
               | ohgodplsno wrote:
               | Congratulations, no video card in the world is able to
               | keep up a 5k res at 60FPS while doing even slightly
               | demanding things. Nor will the M1 Ultra be.
        
               | charrondev wrote:
               | My 3090 can drive 4k100hz for most demanding games at
               | their highest settings.
               | 
               | Some games are a stable 4k120 and others are more like
               | 4k75.
               | 
               | I feel the 3090 could feasibly drive 5k60 as a result.
        
               | EugeneOZ wrote:
               | They are not the most demanding games, that's why :)
        
             | kaladin-jasnah wrote:
             | They used to have a Proton port for Mac, and discontinued
             | it.
        
         | ceroxylon wrote:
         | I play Rust (the game, not the language) with decent graphics
         | on an M1 Air with no issues other than heat, which an external
         | fan quickly mitigates.
         | 
         | Really looking forward to Apple's VR offering after seeing the
         | performance of their compact SoC
        
           | Synaesthesia wrote:
           | But Rust runs even on intel integrated graphics without any
           | problem (HD4000)
        
         | eyegor wrote:
         | Ehh, I wouldn't put too much stock in graphs of "relative
         | performance" on a 0-200 scale like these. Marketing can cook up
         | whatever they like when they want to make a product look good.
         | Wait for actual benchmarks before trying to judge the product.
         | Their base claim is >2x the m1 max, which is still nowhere
         | close to the performance of a 3090.
         | 
         | Apple's footnotes don't even pretend to explain what these
         | charts are.
         | 
         | > Performance was measured using select industry-standard
         | benchmarks.
        
           | mwint wrote:
           | Remember last time Apple put out these weird relative
           | performance charts, and we all thought they were hiding
           | something?
           | 
           | The M1 announcement. They turned out to be pretty accurate.
           | 
           | So I'll wait and see real benchmarks, but it wouldn't
           | surprise me if this does have incredible performance.
        
             | chippiewill wrote:
             | _Some_ of the claims were pretty accurate.
             | 
             | A lot of them, particularly the GPU benchmarks, were
             | misleading because they only looked at performance that
             | they had dedicated silicon for.
        
             | batiudrami wrote:
             | Their GPU claims weren't accurate though. The M1 max
             | doesn't have real world performance anything like the 3070
             | as claimed.
        
               | josephg wrote:
               | For what its worth, they were comparing the M1 max to
               | nvidia's _mobile_ 3070, which is a completely different
               | card than the desktop 3070.
               | 
               | My understanding was that it was a reasonable comparison
               | in some benchmarks, though when plugged in to power the
               | mobile 3070 still had more headroom.
        
               | gilgoomesh wrote:
               | On raw Metal performance, yes it does get the same
               | performance. The benchmarks showed this.
               | 
               | The problem was the implication that you'd get 3070
               | _gaming_ performance. That was never going to be true
               | because of the un-optimisation tax for games on Mac.
               | 
               | There doesn't exist a AAA game built for Metal and the
               | Mac. The closest are games like World of Warcraft,
               | Divinity Original Sin 2 - and even they are just "good
               | ports" not originally designed for Mac (and are _far_
               | from AAA graphics). This is why on Intel Macs, games
               | under Bootcamp always ran 30%-50% faster, even though the
               | hardware was the same.
               | 
               | Games on M1 Max run as you'd expect - about 30% slower
               | than a 3070 for the same old reasons (and some new ones,
               | like not being compiled for Apple Silicon at all). The
               | GPU _is_ about the same speed as a 3070 and it 's doing
               | what you'd expect, given the 30% unoptimization-tax
               | workload.
        
               | spacedcowboy wrote:
               | I know that Baldur's Gate 3 looks pretty frigging awesome
               | on my mbp-max, and it has a native arm binary, so no need
               | for Rosetta and uses Metal2.
        
               | eoerl wrote:
               | pushing all this to "un-optimization tax" is an easy pass
               | on apple. - nvidia really is a software company, it's the
               | running joke in the industry. when you buy a nvidia gpu,
               | you pay for the drivers & the frameworks (cuda, dlss,
               | optix, ..). Apple does close to nothing there, they
               | support Metal and CoreML and call it a day, you can
               | decently lay some of the blame at their feet
               | 
               | - the workloads in games can vary a lot, vertex/fragment
               | shaders imbalance, parallel compute pipelines, mixed
               | precision (which the M1 gpu does not do), .. So another
               | explanation is that you can get some 3070 parity on a
               | cherry picked game, like a broken clock is right twice a
               | day, but that does not make it generally true. Objective
               | benchmarks have put the M1 gpus way slower than 3070 on
               | average, and software support seems like an easy but
               | false distraction given the Proton tax on Linux (which is
               | not 30/50%)
               | 
               | - the M1 gpus are lacking a ton of hardware, matrix mul,
               | fp16 again, ray tracing, VRR probably (not sure about
               | this last one). These are used by modern games or
               | applications, you may find a benchmark which skip them,
               | but in the grand scheme of things it's something that the
               | M1 gpu will have to emulate more often than not, and this
               | has a cost
               | 
               | Waving all that as "the GPU is about the same speed" is
               | technically wrong, or not really backed by facts at the
               | very least
        
         | gameswithgo wrote:
         | unless it has its own gddr6 it won't be anything like a 3090
         | for games
        
         | TheKarateKid wrote:
         | What we're seeing right now with Apple's M1 chips for desktop
         | computing is on the same level of revolutionary as what the
         | original iPhone did for mobile phones.
         | 
         | The advancements in such a short period of time in the amount
         | of computing power, low power usage, size, and heat usage of
         | these chips is unbelievable and game-changing.
        
           | schmuelio wrote:
           | Don't get me wrong, the benefits of using ARM architectures
           | for general purpose vs. x86 are really compelling.
           | 
           | The performance of x86 has been a leader for a while mostly
           | because of the sheer amount of optimization work that has
           | gone into them, but the cruft of the x86 instruction set and
           | the architectural stuff you have to do to make the
           | instruction set work is really showing it's age.
           | 
           | That being said, the GPU performance claims are incredibly
           | misleading. The previous "relative performance" benchmarks
           | that were done on the M1 Max for GPU performance were
           | misleading as well, they definitely cannot keep up with a
           | mid-tier modern discrete GPU.
           | 
           | The GPU claim isn't an ARM/x86 comparison like the CPU
           | performance would be. This is comparing a 64 core 800GB/s GPU
           | with a 10k core 900GB/s GPU and trying to make them look
           | equivalent through misleading marketing.
           | 
           | None of this is to say that the M1 Ultra is bad necessarily,
           | even if it performs roughly the same as a mobile GPU or
           | powerful iGPU it would still be a very good chip, and I'd
           | love to use one if I could use it in my environment properly.
           | I'm just saying don't put too much faith in the GPU
           | performance measurements provided here.
        
             | inkyoto wrote:
             | > The performance of x86 has been a leader for a while
             | mostly because of the sheer amount of optimization work
             | that has gone into them
             | 
             | Without denying _some_ good work and engineering having
             | gone into _some_ x86 chips, they are not the reasons for
             | the x86 becoming a leader. The duopoly of Intel and
             | Microsoft - coupled with the aggressive Intel strategy to
             | undermine competitors on the pricing and the sheer
             | production volume they could quickly ramp up - has squeezed
             | every single other viable competitor out of the market and
             | relegated very few to become niche players (e.g. POWER) and
             | entrenched the duopoly as a unfortunate leader. And then
             | complacency and arrogance had set in for years to come
             | until recently.
        
               | formerly_proven wrote:
               | GP was talking about performance not marketshare.
        
           | bradmcgo wrote:
           | It really feels like this is all in the name of their AR/VR
           | efforts. The killer device as far as I can think would be a
           | simple headset that packs the capabilities of full-blown
           | workstations. Apple Silicon seems like it could totally be on
           | that track in some way.
        
             | GekkePrutser wrote:
             | True but I can only imagine the cost of that headset. It
             | will be sure the 1% of the 1% :'(
        
         | bodge5000 wrote:
         | The problem is, last time I checked, you're not able to really
         | make use of it for gaming. Obviously MacOS doesn't run all that
         | many games compared to Windows and now Linux (with Proton, or
         | to be honest quite possible even without), and something like
         | parallels can't take advantage of the M1's power.
         | 
         | Not to say it'll never happen, but its not a done deal
         | basically, and to my knowledge the process hasn't yet started
        
         | namlem wrote:
         | The 3090 should have no problem playing all but the most poorly
         | optimized VR games at max or near-max settings. Often times the
         | difference between "very high" and "ultra" is indistinguishable
         | btw, with "ultra" just being shit that wasn't well optimized to
         | begin with.
        
         | ChrisRR wrote:
         | You're right, it is insane, but this is Apple.
         | 
         | So expect what that graph actually means is some extremely
         | specific, cherry-picked benchmarks
        
         | wyager wrote:
         | > you need this kind of GPU performance for high resolution VR
         | gaming at 90 fps, but its just barely enough
         | 
         | I run VR games on the index at 144hz with high settings without
         | issue on a 3060 Ti.
         | 
         | I've been on the market for a 3070-3090, but only because I
         | want a card for which a water block is available, not because I
         | need more power for any extant game.
        
         | arvinsim wrote:
         | After their comparison claims on the M1 Pro/Max and Nvidia
         | GPUs, I would take these comparisons with a huge grain of salt.
        
         | outworlder wrote:
         | Too bad that historically Apple has not given any attention to
         | Mac gaming.
        
           | bobbylarrybobby wrote:
           | Part of Apple's historic MO has been to not invest in areas
           | they don't see themselves having a competitive advantage in.
           | Now that they can make gaming happen with a very low wattage
           | budget they may well try to enter that space in earnest.
        
             | arvinsim wrote:
             | Or maybe Jobs was just salty about the Halo buyout?
             | 
             | In any case, it's a moot point. Apple clearly doesn't care
             | about desktop gaming and it shows in both their hardware
             | and software.
        
             | torginus wrote:
             | This has been always very strange for me. Apple chips used
             | in smartphones were very consistently near the top of the
             | pack even in terms of GPU performance, and unlike their
             | Android counterparts, they rarely throttled, and could
             | deliver said perf with decent battery life.
             | 
             | Yet the iOS 'gaming' scene, despite being one of the major
             | revenue drivers, consists mostly of low-quality F2P games.
        
             | kllrnohj wrote:
             | The gaming performance of the existing M1 GPUs is, well,
             | crap (like far behind the other laptop competition, to say
             | nothing of desktop GPUs). The Ultra probably isn't changing
             | that, since it's very unlikely to be a hardware problem and
             | instead a software ecosystem & incentives problem.
        
               | Croftengea wrote:
               | Yes, it's "crap" not because GPU is slow but rather that
               | most triple A title games are optimized for Windows. So
               | it's difficult to expect a good performance from a game
               | that runs with API conversion layer(s) (Windows -> Mac)
               | and then CPU emulation (x86 -> arm).
               | 
               | So publishers/developers need to make more native games.
               | Even though every Mac port will probably make 1/10th
               | revenue of a Windows title I guess Mac users would be
               | happy to pay more for better games. I certainly would.
        
               | gameswithgo wrote:
               | It is a video memory problem. Unified memory is nice but
               | you need GDDR6 to feed a powerful GPU. But you don't want
               | GDDR6 for the cpu.
        
               | kitsunesoba wrote:
               | I don't think the performance is _that_ bad. On a whim I
               | tried running WoW on a 16" M1 Pro MBP and it consistently
               | got FPS higher than the refresh rate (120hz) with the
               | game rendering at 1x scale and most effects maxed out.
               | Granted, that's not as good as what you'd get with a
               | mobile RTX 3080 or something, but it's nothing to sneeze
               | at for a laptop that doesn't get scorching hot and
               | doesn't sound like a leaf blower when being pushed.
               | 
               | I could definitely see the Max and Ultra with a beefier
               | cooling system (like the Studio's) having pretty
               | respectable performance.
        
               | ohgodplsno wrote:
               | WoW isn't exactly the pinnacle of demanding performance.
               | It's like saying you can run counter strike at 200FPS:
               | congrats, so can everyone else, without paying $2000
        
               | kllrnohj wrote:
               | https://www.anandtech.com/show/17024/apple-m1-max-
               | performanc...
               | 
               | M1 Max struggles to keep up with an RTX 3060 mobile.
               | 
               | Now that's with the overhead of Rosetta 2 and all that,
               | so it's of course "not fair" for the M1. But that's also
               | the current reality of the market, so ya know.
        
             | altairprime wrote:
             | The difference between an Apple TV and a Mac Mini is
             | essentially how powerful of Apple silicon it has, whether
             | it runs tvOS or macOS, and whether it has HDMI out or not.
             | 
             | The Studio is a more compact form factor than any modern 4K
             | gaming console. If they chose to ship something in that
             | form factor with tvOS, HDMI, and an M1 Max/Ultra, it would
             | be a very competitive console on the market -- _if_ game
             | developers could be persuaded to implement for it.
             | 
             | How would it compare to the Xbox Series X and PS5? That's a
             | comparison I expect to see someday at WWDC, once they're
             | ready. And once a game is ported to Metal on _any_ Apple
             | silicon OS, it's a simple exercise to port it to all the
             | rest; macOS, tvOS, ipadOS, and (someday, presumably) vrOS.
             | 
             | Is today's announcement enough to compel large developers
             | like EA and Bungie to port their games to Metal? I don't
             | know. But Apple has two advantage with their hardware that
             | Windows can't counter: the ability to boot into a
             | signed/sealed OS (including macOS!), load a signed/sealed
             | app, attest this cryptographically to a server, and lock
             | out other programs from reading with a game's memory or
             | display. This would end software-only online cheating in a
             | way that PCs can't compete with today. This would also
             | reduce the number of GPUs necessary to support to one,
             | Apple Metal 2, which drastically decreases the complexity
             | of testing and deployment of game code.
             | 
             | I look forward to Apple deciding to play ball with gaming
             | someday.
        
               | neetdeth wrote:
               | This all makes sense, and in that context it's
               | unfortunate that Apple's relationship with the largest
               | game tools company, Epic, is... strained, to say the
               | least.
               | 
               | They could always choose to remedy that with a generous
               | buyout offer.
        
               | derac wrote:
               | Seems unlikely that the general population would spend
               | 2-4k on a console.
        
               | codyb wrote:
               | Don't gamers spend tons of money on gaming PCs?
               | 
               | Also, might be cheaper a couple years down the line.
        
               | afavour wrote:
               | PC gamers do. Console gamers don't. And there are a lot
               | more of the latter than the former.
        
               | altairprime wrote:
               | Well, only the macOS users would be spending a thousand
               | dollars or more for their console-capable Macs, which are
               | general purpose computers with absurd amounts of memory.
               | TV users could spend a lot less for an Apple TV 4K with
               | M1 inside, assuming Apple released it with less of this
               | or that.
        
               | ralfd wrote:
               | The Apple TV (A12 chip) is currently $199. The new iPad
               | Air with the M1 chip costs $599.
               | 
               | They also don't need the display, camera, microphone. And
               | could sell it at a loss and make the margins with TV+ and
               | game sales.
               | 
               | But they would need their own bundled
               | controller/accessories and get serious about AAA gaming.
        
               | philistine wrote:
               | Apple has never sold a hardware product at a loss. Never.
        
               | ralfd wrote:
               | > I look forward to Apple deciding to play ball with
               | gaming someday.
               | 
               | I wish.
               | 
               | But playing ball is more than hardware. It is spending
               | billions to buy Activision or Bungie. And I can't
               | honestly imagine Apple having the cultural DNA or leader
               | aspiration to make a game like The Last of Us where the
               | player is brutally beating zombies to bloody clumps.
               | 
               | In video games the business side demands having
               | exclusives, or timed exclusives, to sponsor twitch
               | streamers playing your game and cutting special deals
               | with studios. This is very different to the App store
               | where Apple emphasizes their role as a neutral arbiter
               | and a dev having the same deal as any other dev. Can you
               | imagine the complains here on hn if Epic Games would get
               | a a special deal just because they are a bigger fish and
               | Fortnite is popular?
        
               | madars wrote:
               | Won't there be a Pluton-based anti-cheating solution?
               | Seems like a natural opportunity for Microsoft.
               | 
               | Edit: https://arstechnica.com/information-
               | technology/2022/01/pluto... says
               | 
               | > Microsoft already used Pluton to secure Xbox Ones and
               | Azure Sphere microcontrollers against attacks that
               | involve people with physical access opening device cases
               | and performing hardware hacks that bypass security
               | protections. Such hacks are usually carried out by device
               | owners who want to run unauthorized games or programs for
               | cheating.
               | 
               | So initially you could have Pluton-only servers and down
               | the line non-Pluton hardware will simply be obsolete.
        
               | altairprime wrote:
               | Yep. On the plus side, anything with Apple silicon or a
               | T2 chip has this available today already in macOS, so
               | that's every shipping Mac starting in what looks like
               | 2018: https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT208862
               | 
               | They won't have the Ultra GPU, but Apple's been shipping
               | for years and Microsoft is just _now_ bringing Pluton to
               | market. I do wish them luck, but that 's a lot of PC
               | gamer hardware to depreciate.
        
               | t3rabytes wrote:
               | A recent keynote compared an Apple series chip to an Xbox
               | One S, can't remember which though.
        
               | fomine3 wrote:
               | Pippin atmark again!
        
             | novok wrote:
             | Every god damn child has an iPad already to keep them
             | entertained and the hardware is plenty good enough. Going
             | one step further in the age ranges to get big game revenue
             | like the switch will help them capture more.
        
             | michaelmrose wrote:
             | $4000-$6000 is a toy for a tiny number of rich people or a
             | work machine for a well paid professional.
             | 
             | In the PC space the average spend is $800 and a PS5 is
             | $500.
        
           | onethought wrote:
           | Except when Bungie was going to release Halo on Mac[0] and
           | Microsoft swooped in bought them and made it an Xbox thing.
           | 
           | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tzrme9yWens
        
             | lostlogin wrote:
             | The Marathon days were really great. That jump was a huge
             | loss to me, even if it wasn't to Apple.
        
           | miohtama wrote:
           | Apple has now too much money and is running out of core
           | business areas. Expect more investing in non-Apple areas like
           | gaming, cars, etc.
           | 
           | Though every video game company on the planet hates them
           | because of App Store terms.
        
             | jen20 wrote:
             | > Expect more investing in non-Apple areas like gaming,
             | cars, etc.
             | 
             | I remember people saying this about phones in 2006.
        
             | nr2x wrote:
             | The first half of the event was old wine in new bottles - I
             | reckon that's the main growth area they are squeezing.
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | Or was it last seasons wine in old bottles?
        
             | flipgimble wrote:
             | "every video game company" = Epic Games, and mostly because
             | they don't like to pay overhead for their Fortnite loot
             | boxes that most parents wish they could have some control
             | over. I don't have allegiance to either company mostly
             | because they don't care about me, just my money.
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | > I don't have allegiance to either company mostly
               | because they don't care about me, just my money.
               | 
               | This criticism is something that is a positive to me.
               | Opposing companies are often dependant on adverting money
               | and the things this leads to are a whole lot worse in my
               | view.
        
               | t3rabytes wrote:
               | Epic doesn't do lootboxes, next.
        
               | codyb wrote:
               | They used to? At least Rocket League had them for a long
               | time. Unsure how long after Epic purchased it they had
               | them though.
        
               | derac wrote:
               | In the spirit of his argument, they do use time-gated
               | content and other methods to psychologically exploit
               | their users into buying things.
        
           | hajile wrote:
           | Apple is the world's biggest and most profitable gaming
           | company. For every AAA gamer, there are a hundred casual
           | gamers (one reason why Nintendo consoles run circles around
           | Sony and Microsoft).
           | 
           | Apple has invested billions into their gaming division. The
           | big thing they need right now is a new version of Metal that
           | gets feature parity with Vulkan or DX.
           | 
           | Also of note, there are very persistent rumors of an upcoming
           | VR headset. Their M1 alone would blow away competition like
           | the Quest. A Pro or max chip with some disabled CPU cores
           | wouldn't cost a ton due to being scavenged cores and would
           | positively stomp the competition.
        
             | pjmlp wrote:
             | In what concerns developer productivitiy, it is Vulkan that
             | needs to get feature parity with Metal.
        
           | xbmcuser wrote:
           | Once they are confident of their graphics advantage I think
           | they will enter the console market against Microsoft and Sony
           | with Apple tv console
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | quickthrower2 wrote:
         | I wonder how it compares for crypto mining, and if that group
         | would be buying these up
        
           | tenuousemphasis wrote:
           | Poorly compared to an ASIC which has the SHA-256 algorithm
           | encoded as hardware circuits. Maybe better than GPUs when it
           | comes to mining Ethereum or others where ASICs aren't as
           | prevalent.
        
           | wyager wrote:
           | If you're mining crypto you want 95% of your capex to go to
           | graphics cards/ASICs, not to RAM+NICs+CPU+case+etc.
        
         | tanduv wrote:
         | HL Alyx is actually quite well optimized, and you can
         | definitely run it on Ultra with super-sampling on a 3090.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kjNaC0-hiPE
        
           | Geee wrote:
           | I didn't see display resolution (or the model of HMD)
           | mentioned in the video. I'm using Varjo Aero, which has
           | 2880x2720 per eye, which is almost quapruple (per eye)
           | compared to Valve Index. I think this resolution is enough
           | for a good VR experience; pixels are almost invisible, and
           | even small text is readable. However, HL Alyx doesn't run at
           | 90 fps on full resolution.
        
             | wyager wrote:
             | That HMD looks pretty badass. Didn't realize hardware
             | support for eye tracking/foveation already existed. Does
             | any software support it? That would fix your perf issue.
        
               | Geee wrote:
               | Yes, that would probably fix it, but there's no software
               | support yet in any games, afaik. It works only in desktop
               | mode.
        
             | ihuman wrote:
             | The author of that video is using the valve index, which is
             | 1440x1600 per eye
        
             | needle0 wrote:
             | Uh, Varjo Aero is a clear outlier in terms of resolution
             | and definitely does not represent the current typical VR
             | headset experience (which in early 2022 would be around
             | Quest 2 or Valve Index). If you went out of your way to get
             | an expensive niche high-end headset, it struggling on a
             | 3090 is your problem, not HL:A's.
        
               | Geee wrote:
               | I'd say that its just a couple of years ahead of the
               | mainstream curve. My thinking is that Apple probably
               | wants to make a very high resolution VR headset (similar
               | or close to Varjo Aero), and it seems that with their new
               | chips, they might be able to pull it off.
        
               | ralfd wrote:
               | How is the foveated rendering? Is it noticeable?
        
               | Geee wrote:
               | There's no software support for foveated rendering in any
               | games yet, afaik. It works in desktop mode and it's fast
               | enough to be unnoticeable.
        
       | lazyeye wrote:
       | I'm surprised Apple found time outside of focusing on growing the
       | Chinese economy to work on this.
       | 
       | https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2021/dec/07/apple-chi...
        
       | Razengan wrote:
       | It's funny how during all the years that PC elitists turned their
       | pince-nez'ed noses up at Macs and pooh-poohed Apple, the biggest
       | factor holding Macs down turned out to be the commodity PC chips.
       | :)
        
       | gigatexal wrote:
       | I used to be one of the biggest Apple fanboys/apologists but I've
       | since put Linux on my MacBook Pro from 2013 and built a Linux
       | workstation and rarely use my 2020 MacBook Pro anymore, I say
       | this because I yawned at the over-the-top Apple marketing. The
       | products are interesting, sure, but I wasn't blown away. It's
       | mostly the prices. The hardware is just far above what I can
       | afford these days -- even though my MacBook Pro from 2013 is so
       | well made it still works now, and buying a 2 or 3 thousand dollar
       | MacBook now I am sure it'd last just as long but it's just too
       | much. Though I am saving for one for multimedia work, probably a
       | used M1 MacBook Air.
        
       | ChuckMcM wrote:
       | In some ways I wish this processor was available from a CPU chip
       | seller. As a compute engine it gets a lot "right" (in my opinion)
       | and would be fun to hack on.
       | 
       | That said, the idea that USB C/Thunderbolt is the new PCIe bus
       | has some merit. I have yet to find someone who makes a peripheral
       | card cage that is fed by USBC/TB but there are of course
       | standalone GPUs.
        
         | BillinghamJ wrote:
         | An eGPU enclosure is exactly what you're describing - PCIe x16
         | over TB4. They're quite commonplace now
        
           | Tepix wrote:
           | No, TB4 is PCIe x4, unchanged since TB3.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | Dylan16807 wrote:
         | > That said, the idea that USB C/Thunderbolt is the new PCIe
         | bus has some merit. I have yet to find someone who makes a
         | peripheral card cage that is fed by USBC/TB but there are of
         | course standalone GPUs.
         | 
         | I hope we get closer to that long-standing dream over the next
         | few years.
         | 
         | But right now you can see laptop manufacturers so desperate to
         | avoid thunderbolt bottlenecks that they make their own custom
         | PCIe ports.
         | 
         | For the longest time, thunderbolt ports were artificially
         | limited to less than 3 lanes of PCIe 3.0 bandwidth, and even
         | now the max is 4 lanes.
        
         | dheera wrote:
         | > USB C/Thunderbolt is the new PCIe bus
         | 
         | Oh please hell no.
         | 
         | I have to unplug and plug my USB-C camera at least once a day
         | because it gets de-enumerated very randomly. Using the best
         | cables I can get my hands on.
         | 
         | File transfers to/from USB-C hard drives suddenly stop mid-
         | transfer and corrupt the file system.
         | 
         | Don't ask me why, I'm just reporting my experiences, this is
         | the reality of my life that UX researchers don't see because
         | they haven't sent me an e-mail and surveyed me.
         | 
         | Never had such problems with PCIe.
        
           | delusional wrote:
           | You have a very exotic configuration if you plugged your
           | webcam and thumb drives into PCIe slots.
        
             | makeitdouble wrote:
             | Webcam are often positioned as cheapish accessories so PCIe
             | is exotic, but for internal drives (parent's comment wasn't
             | about "thumb" drives) it's pretty mainstream:
             | https://www.newegg.com/p/pl?d=pcie+drive
             | 
             | TBH, even a thumb drive would have me pissed if it
             | disconnected at random times. That's what I hated about
             | using the SD slot of MacBooks to host a semi-permanent
             | drive.
        
           | icelancer wrote:
           | My USB-C dongle (AMD processor, so not Thunderbolt) that has
           | PD plugged into it permanently and is my "docking station"
           | for the office, and I have to cycle its power (unplug/plug
           | PD) to get the DisplayPort monitor that's connected to it to
           | work, on top of the fact that there are other issues with it,
           | especially with external drives as you also reported.
           | 
           | So, I'm in total agreement.
        
           | droopyEyelids wrote:
           | Friendly reminder that USB-C is a form factor, and
           | thunderbolt is the actual transfer protocol.
           | 
           | Sounds like you're listing the common complaints with usb-3
           | over usb-c peripherals, which are not a suitable replacement
           | for PCIe. Thunderbolt is something different, more powerful &
           | more reliable.
        
             | toastal wrote:
             | Thunderbolt 3 is USB4
        
               | Tepix wrote:
               | USB4 is the successor to USB 3.2 and TB3.
        
             | makeitdouble wrote:
             | Thunderbolt is more reliable, but still weirdly unstable on
             | the software support sometimes. I don't get why we still
             | have external monitor detection issues on macs at this day
             | and age for instance.
        
         | jamesfmilne wrote:
         | https://www.sonnettech.com/product/thunderbolt/pcie-card-exp...
        
           | ChuckMcM wrote:
           | Thanks! Of course they are bit GPU centric but the idea is
           | there.
           | 
           | Very interesting stuff. I wonder both if the Zynq Ultrascale
           | RFSOC PCIe card would work in that chassis and if I could get
           | register level access out of MacOS.
        
             | jamesfmilne wrote:
             | Yes, you can interface with PCIe devices using DriverKit,
             | Apple's new user-space device driver platform.
             | 
             | No need to run inside the kernel for these things any more.
             | 
             | https://developer.apple.com/documentation/driverkit
             | 
             | https://developer.apple.com/documentation/pcidriverkit
        
       | jcadam wrote:
       | Well, more reasonable than a mac pro, price wise. Might have to
       | consider this when the time comes to replace my Ryzen9 rig.
        
       | alberth wrote:
       | I'm cross posting a question I had from the Mac Studio thread
       | (currently unanswered).
       | 
       | ----
       | 
       | Mac Pro scale up?
       | 
       | How is this going to scale up to a Mac Pro, especially related to
       | RAM?
       | 
       | The Ultra caps at 128 GB of RAM (which isn't much for video
       | editing, especially given that the GPU uses the system RAM).
       | Today's Mac Pro goes up to 1.5TB (and has dedicated video RAM
       | above this).
       | 
       | If the Mac Pro is say, 4 Ultra's stacked together - that means
       | the new Mac Pro will be capped at 512GB of RAM. Would Apple stack
       | 12 Ultra's together to get to 1.5TB of RAM? Seems unlikely.
        
         | dagmx wrote:
         | A few points to make...
         | 
         | - the shared CPU+GPU RAM doesn't necessarily mean the GPU has
         | to eat up system RAM when in use, because it can share
         | addressing. So whereas the current Mac pro would require two
         | copies of data (CPU+GPU) the new Mac studio can have one.
         | Theoretically.
         | 
         | - they do have very significant video decoder blocks. That
         | means that you may use less RAM than without since you can keep
         | frames compressed in flight
        
           | arcticbull wrote:
           | Also, the memory model is quite different - with the ultra-
           | fast SSD and ultra-fast on-die RAM. You can get away with
           | significantly less RAM for the same tasks, not just because
           | of de-duplication but because data comes in so quickly from
           | the SSD that paging isn't nearly the hit it is on say an
           | Intel based Mac.
           | 
           | I'd expect it to work more like a game console, streaming in
           | content from the SSD to working memory on the fly, processing
           | it with the CPU and video decode blocks, and insta-sharing it
           | with the GPU via common address space.
           | 
           | All that is to say, where you needed 1.5TB of RAM on a Xeon,
           | the architectural changes on Apple Silicon likely mean you
           | can get away with far less and still wind up performing
           | better.
           | 
           | The "GHz myth" is dead, long live the "GB myth."
        
             | fpoling wrote:
             | Another thing to consider is memory compression. If Apple
             | added dedicated hardware for that, it can effectively
             | double the total memory with minimal performance hit.
        
               | rocqua wrote:
               | Memory compression only works in certain scenarios. It
               | requires your memory to actually have low entropy.
        
             | fomine3 wrote:
             | This is myth.
        
             | masklinn wrote:
             | > ultra-fast on-die RAM
             | 
             | The RAM is not on die. It's just soldered on top of the SoC
             | package.
             | 
             | > All that is to say, where you needed 1.5TB of RAM on a
             | Xeon, the architectural changes on Apple Silicon likely
             | mean you can get away with far less and still wind up
             | performing better.
             | 
             | No, it does not. You might save a bit, but most of what you
             | save is the _transfers_ , because moving data from the CPU
             | to the GPU is just sending a pointer over through the
             | graphics API, instead of needing to actually copy the data
             | over to the GPU's memory. In the latter case, unless you
             | still need it afterwards you can then drop the buffer from
             | the CPU.
             | 
             | You do have some gains as you move buffer _ownership_ back
             | and forth instead of needing a copy in each physical
             | memory, but if you needed 1.5TB physical before... you
             | won't really need much less after. You'll probably save a
             | fraction, possibly even a large one, but not "2 /3rd"
             | large, that's just not sensible.
        
             | martinald wrote:
             | I agree, I got a 8GB mac mini (was really just curious to
             | see the M1 in action and the 16GB model was backordered
             | badly) and it performs extremely well memory wise. I often
             | use 12GB+ and I never notice unless I check activity
             | monitor.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | That's what I based my assessment on too. I had an 8GB M1
               | MacBook Pro (swapped for the 16GB M1 Pro MacBook Pro 14
               | since) and I had no issues developing iOS and macOS apps
               | with it using Xcode, and Rust development with VSCode.
               | This brought my old 16GB Intel MacBook Pro to its knees.
        
         | samatman wrote:
         | This went by so fast I'm not sure I heard it right, but I
         | believe the announcer for the Ultra said it the last in the M1
         | lineup.
         | 
         | They just can't ship a Mac Pro without expansion in the normal
         | sense, my guess is that the M2 will combine the unified memory
         | architecture with expansion busses.
         | 
         | Which sounds gnarly, and I don't blame them for punting on that
         | for the first generation of M class processors.
        
           | skunkworker wrote:
           | This is what I've been thinking as well, a M2 in a Mac Pro
           | with 128/256gb soldered and up to 2TB 8 channel DDR5-6400
           | expandable, and do a tiered memory cache
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | cehrlich wrote:
         | I think some of this can be guessed from the SoC codenames
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Apple_codenames
         | 
         | M1 Max is Jade C-Die => 64GB
         | 
         | M1 Ultra is Jade 2C-Die => 128GB
         | 
         | There is a still unreleased SoC called Jade 4C-Die =>256GB
         | 
         | So I think that's the most we'll see this generation, unless
         | they somehow add (much slower) slotted RAM
         | 
         | If they were to double the max RAM on M2 Pro/Max (Rhodes Chop /
         | Rhodes 1C), which doesn't seem unreasonable, that would mean
         | 512GB RAM on the 4C-Die version, which would be enough for
         | _most_ Mac Pro users.
         | 
         | Perhaps Apple is thinking that anyone who needs more than half
         | a Terabyte of RAM should just offload the work to some other
         | computer somewhere else for the time being.
         | 
         | I do think it's a shame that in some ways the absolute high-end
         | will be worse than before, but I also wonder how many 1.5TB Mac
         | Pros they actually sold.
        
           | rowanG077 wrote:
           | How is slotted RAM slower? 6400Mhz DIMM exists. This would
           | match the specs of the RAM on the M1 Max. Even octa-channel
           | has been done before so the memory bus would have the exact
           | same width, latency and clock frequency.
        
             | fastball wrote:
             | The memory bandwidth of the M1 Max is 400 GB/s with 64GB of
             | RAM, where as the memory bandwidth of Corsair's 6400MHz
             | DDR5 32GB RAM module is 51GB/s per stick, or 102GB/s for
             | the M1 Max equivalent.
        
               | rowanG077 wrote:
               | 51GB/s * 8 (octa-channel, not dual channel as you are
               | calculating) is 408 GB/s. Basically the same as the M1
               | Max. It's not fair to use an off the shelf product since
               | even if the RAM is slotted Apple wouldn't use an off the
               | shelf product.
               | 
               | Whether they use slotted RAM or not has nothing to do
               | with performance. It's a design choice. For the mobile
               | processors it makes total sense to save space. But for
               | the Mac pro they might as well use slotted RAM. Unless
               | they go for HBM which does offer superior performance.
        
               | rocqua wrote:
               | Is 8 channel RAM doable, are there downsides? If no to
               | both, why don't high end x86 processors have it?
        
               | rowanG077 wrote:
               | High-end x86 do have it. Threadripper 3995WX for example.
        
             | my123 wrote:
             | Note that those are overclocked out of spec configurations
             | today.
             | 
             | https://ark.intel.com/content/www/us/en/ark/products/134599
             | /...
             | 
             | 4800 MT/s is the actual maximum spec, anything beyond that
             | is OC.
        
           | mnholt wrote:
           | Agreed, I think they will use the 4C config to debut M2 and
           | make a slash. They said in the keynote that M1 Ultra
           | completes the M1 family. Timing works out well for November
           | launch with the 2 year apple silicon transition timeline they
           | gave themselves. Not sure what they are going to call it and
           | if it will be A15 or A16 based.
           | 
           | A16 would give great performance, and I think it's safe for
           | them to have a two year iteration time on laptop/desktops vs
           | one year for phone/tablet.
        
             | johnwalkr wrote:
             | Hard to believe it's already been almost 1.5 years!
        
         | can16358p wrote:
         | I think they will unveil M2 which can probably at least double
         | the 64GB max to 128GB max RAM of M1-series.
         | 
         | Then, on the highest configuration, I think they actually can
         | put 6 M2-top-specced or more into the Mac Pro.
        
         | bpicolo wrote:
         | Does the mac studio potentially replace the mac pro concept? It
         | seems targeted at exactly the audience that mac pros targeted
         | (ridiculous amounts of video simul-editing)
        
           | sharikous wrote:
           | The presentor very explicitly said they are not done and they
           | will replace the Mac Pro.
           | 
           | But yes, I see a lot of folks replacing current Mac Pros with
           | Studios.
        
           | zitterbewegung wrote:
           | No this looks like a modular replacement of the iMac Pro. If
           | it was to replace the Mac Pro they wouldn't have said at the
           | end of the event "the Mac Pro will have to wait until next
           | time".
        
           | alberth wrote:
           | To me, this seems to have killed the iMac Pro not the Mac
           | Pro.
        
         | Asmod4n wrote:
         | The Mac Pro will have replaceable RAM. It will use the RAM
         | soldered onto the CPU as cache.
         | 
         | You'll most likely also be able to buy dedicated GPUs/ML
         | booster addon Cards and the likes for it.
         | 
         | It's the most likely thing to happen or they won't release
         | another Mac Pro.
        
           | rowanG077 wrote:
           | Why would they use soldered RAM as cache? It's not like it's
           | faster then replaceable RAM. Unless they go HBM2 but I doubt
           | that.
        
             | fpoling wrote:
             | The bandwidth of the soldered ram is much higher which
             | makes it much faster for code that accesses a lot of RAM
             | like video editors.
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | vimy wrote:
         | The pro is most likely going to have ram and PCIe slots.
        
       | ostenning wrote:
       | I read "Apple unveils MK ULTRA"
        
         | yurishimo wrote:
         | Low key what if this was planned to change Google results to
         | "Did you mean M1 Ultra?" when searching for the experiment? The
         | CIA is using all that money for something consumers can use
         | now!
         | 
         | /takes off foil hat
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | 1980phipsi wrote:
       | Can we trust the performance measurements that are listed?
        
         | Lramseyer wrote:
         | Yes, but assume that they're cherry picked. Don't get me wrong,
         | these numbers are impressive, but it claims that it's GPU is
         | faster than the highest end discrete GPU (RTX 3090) but it's
         | unclear on what benchmark it used. It's important to keep in
         | mind that their GPUs are not architected with gaming in mind,
         | whereas the 3090 definitely is. So it's not unreasonable to
         | find some metrics where their GPU performs better.
        
       | theodric wrote:
       | The price alone is turning me back into a Linux user after 20
       | years. I simply cannot justify 6800 Swiss Francs (neighborhood of
       | 7000 Euros or USD) for the max CPU/RAM and a 2TB SSD, and I
       | cannot justify getting any less because it's soldered-down and
       | not in any way upgradeable or repairable. Not to mention, even
       | with AppleCare+ it's only guaranteed to work for 3 years (in
       | Europe, I know you Americans can get long-term AppleCare
       | subscriptions, but we don't have that option here).
       | 
       | This is a tragedy for the future of computing. It might as well
       | be encased in resin. Great performance, but I won't spend car
       | money on something I can't upgrade or repair.
        
       | bhewes wrote:
       | Sweet chip! The copy, my eyes just glazed over.
        
       | pantalaimon wrote:
       | The very same dual-chiplet design marcan predicted - nice!
        
       | klelatti wrote:
       | I wonder if the max 128GB graphics memory opens up some
       | applications that would not have been viable before?
        
         | avl999 wrote:
         | Yep, finally Electron apps will run smoothly on consumer
         | hardware.
        
         | freemint wrote:
         | Not really. Thanks to the GPU interconnect NVLINK we have
         | system 320GB. https://www.deltacomputer.com/nvidia-
         | dgx-a100-320gb-3ys-edu....
         | 
         | There are even some with 640GB. This is at a different price
         | point though.
        
           | klelatti wrote:
           | Not on a single GPU though and it's 40x the cost!
        
             | freemint wrote:
             | Rewriting a CUDA application to use NVLINK is a lot easier
             | then rewriting it for Apples GPU.
        
           | 314 wrote:
           | 640GB should be enough for anyone.
        
             | manquer wrote:
             | Perhaps until VR becomes more main stream and gets higher
             | frame rates, resolutions etc.
             | 
             | Rendering in VR takes a lot of memory at higher
             | resolutions.
        
             | yisonPylkita wrote:
             | Bill said it 40 years ago and here we are with 2 orders of
             | prefix more of memory. I wonder if in next 40 years we'll
             | get to 640 peta bytes
        
               | wpm wrote:
               | Finally, enough RAM for Microsoft Teams!
        
       | nintendo1889 wrote:
       | Does it mine bitcoin well?
        
         | judge2020 wrote:
         | Not Bitcoin but Ethereum
         | 
         | https://9to5mac.com/2021/11/10/m1-pro-macbook-pro-cryptocurr...
         | 
         | M1 Pro -> 5.8 MH/s, with a 17w draw, means $12.82 a month
         | profit. I don't imagine the M1 Ultra is too much better, maybe
         | 20 MH/s at absolute most, but we'll see. It definitely won't be
         | as economical as 3070 or 3080 FE cards at current profitability
         | levels.
        
           | vmception wrote:
           | & $.10 per KwH, many residences are often higher but
           | professional operations are closer to $.03 per KwH or
           | sometimes even zero or negative
           | 
           | also note that mining calculator they used assumes 2 Ether
           | per block paid to miners
           | 
           | In Ethereum it can be _much much_ higher because people pay
           | to use that blockchain. Mining can be insanely profitable and
           | I'm not aware of any calculator that shows it. Everyone is
           | operating on bad data. A cursory look right now shows latest
           | blocks having 2.52 Ether in them, which is 26% greater yield.
           | 
           | Block 14348267 a few minutes ago had 4.83 Ether, 140% greater
           | yield
           | 
           | There have been prolonged periods of time, weeks and months,
           | where block rewards were 6-9 Ether.
           | 
           | Miners were raking it all in while the calculators said "2
           | Ether"
           | 
           | All this to say it could probably make $20-30 a month.
        
         | cosmotic wrote:
         | I'm sure an ASIC would best the M1.
        
       | willcipriano wrote:
       | Is it actually more powerful than a top of the line
       | threadripper[0] or is that not a "personal computer" CPU by this
       | definition? I feel like 64 cores would beat 20 on some workloads
       | even if the 20 were way faster in single core performance.
       | 
       | [0]https://www.amd.com/en/products/cpu/amd-ryzen-
       | threadripper-3...
        
         | jbellis wrote:
         | Next-gen Threadripper Pro was also announced today:
         | https://www.tomshardware.com/news/amd-details-ryzen-threadri...
        
           | paulmd wrote:
           | Bit of a wet fart though, even Charlie D thinks it's too
           | little too late. OEM-only (and only on WRX80 socket), no
           | V-cache, worse product support.
           | 
           | https://semiaccurate.com/2022/03/08/amd-finally-launches-
           | thr...
           | 
           | The niche for high clocks was arguable with the 2nd-gen
           | products but now you are foregoing v-cache which also
           | improves per-thread performance, so Epyc is relatively
           | speaking even more attractive. And if you take Threadripper
           | you have artificial memory limits, half the memory channels,
           | half the PCIe lanes, etc, plus in some cases it's _more_
           | expensive than the Epyc chips. It is a lot to pay (not just
           | in cash) just for higher clocks that your 64C workloads
           | probably don 't even care about.
           | 
           | AMD moved into rent-seeking mode even before Zen3 came out.
           | Zen2 threadripper clearly beats anything Intel can muster in
           | the segment (unless they wanted to do W-3175X seriously and
           | not as a limited-release thing with $2000 motherboards) and
           | thus AMD had no reason to actually update this segment when
           | they could just coast. Even with this release, they are not
           | refreshing the "mainstream" TRX40 platform but only a limited
           | release for the OEM-only WRX80 platform.
           | 
           | It was obvious when they forced a socket change, and then
           | cranked all the Threadripper 3000 prices (some even to
           | higher-levels than single-socket Epyc "P" skus) what
           | direction things were headed. They have to stay competitive
           | in server, so those prices are aggressive, but Intel doesn't
           | have anything to compete with Threadripper so AMD will coast
           | and raise prices.
           | 
           | And while Milan-X isn't cheap - I doubt these WRX80 chips are
           | going to be cheap either, it would be unsurprising if they're
           | back in the position of Threadripper being more expensive for
           | a chip that's locked-down and cut-down. And being OEM-only
           | you can't shop around or build it yourself, it's take it or
           | leave it.
        
             | frant-hartm wrote:
             | The PRO Threadrippers are not cut down, they have 8 memory
             | channels and 128 PCIE 4.0 lanes. I think the only
             | limitation compared to Epyc is that you can have 1 socket
             | only.
        
               | matja wrote:
               | And WRX80 has dedicated chipset lanes
               | (https://www.amd.com/en/chipsets/wrx80), so effectively
               | more PCI-e than EPYC, and bootable NVME RAID support on
               | top.
        
         | dljsjr wrote:
         | Apple's ARM chips can process a metric ton of ops per cycle due
         | to the architecture of the chip:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25257932
        
           | zamadatix wrote:
           | But the answer to the question is still "no".
        
             | klelatti wrote:
             | Only if the only thing you compare is CPU performance -
             | adding a big GPU on die adds a certain amount of 'power' by
             | any measure.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | gjsman-1000 wrote:
             | Doesn't have to though. A Threadripper 3990X uses barrels
             | of electricity, generates plenty of heat, comes with no
             | GPU, has worse single-threaded performance, and still costs
             | $4000 by itself without any of the parts needed to make it
             | actually work.
        
               | Nition wrote:
               | The question is in relation to Apple's claim that it's
               | "the world's most powerful and capable chip for a
               | personal computer".
        
               | gzer0 wrote:
               | It might also be reasonable to say that the threadripper
               | is a workstation chip, not a chip for personal computers.
               | 
               | Edit: even AMD themselves call their threadripper lineup
               | workstation chips, not personal.
               | 
               | https://www.amd.com/en/processors/workstation
        
               | kllrnohj wrote:
               | Threadripper _Pro_ is the workstation chip. Regular
               | Threadripper (non-Pro) was not aimed at workstations, it
               | was aimed at the  "HEDT" market. Strictly speaking it's
               | considered a consumer market (albeit for the enthusiasts
               | of enthusiasts)
        
               | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
               | I'd call them personal chips. When I think of non-
               | personal chips I think IBM POWER or Ampere Altra.
        
               | freemint wrote:
               | Why do you think of Altera as non-personal chips?
        
               | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
               | Not Altera, Ampere Altra. This:
               | https://amperecomputing.com/processors/ampere-altra/
               | 
               | If the purchase page says to "contact sales" and doesn't
               | list a price then it is not for consumers.
        
               | freemint wrote:
               | Click where to buy tab, then there is a list of
               | distributors. Including ones which sell workstation
               | versions with a configurator and pricing.
               | https://store.avantek.co.uk/ampere-altra-64bit-arm-
               | workstati...
        
               | gjsman-1000 wrote:
               | Depends on what you define "capable" as. Remember, they
               | specify that it is the most powerful and capable _chip_ ,
               | not necessarily complete system.
               | 
               | There's no other chip that has the power of an RTX 3090
               | and more power than an i9-12900K in it - after all,
               | Threadripper doesn't have a lick of graphics power at
               | all. This chip can do 18 8K video streams at once, which
               | Threadripper would get demolished at.
               | 
               | I'm content with giving them the chip crown. Full system?
               | Debatable.
        
               | dathinab wrote:
               | Through you would need to compare it to the coming
               | threadripper 5000WX(?) or better the soon coming Ryzen
               | 7000 CPUs (which seen to have integrated graphics).
               | 
               | I mean they all are CPUs coming out this year as far as I
               | know.
        
               | zamadatix wrote:
               | It's a fantastic chip but that wasn't the question. I
               | love my M1 Max and I love my Threadripper workstation,
               | each has their own strengths and that's alright.
        
         | guelo wrote:
         | It's bad for competition that only Apple gets to use TSMC's 5nm
         | process. Though what's really bad is that Intel and Samsung
         | haven't been able to compete with TSMC.
        
           | paulmd wrote:
           | AMD will be on TSMC N5P next year, which will give them node
           | parity with Apple (who will be releasing A15 on N5P this
           | year), and actually a small node lead over the current
           | N5-based A14 products. So we will get to test the "it's all
           | just node lead guys, nothing wrong with x86!!!" theory.
           | 
           | Don't worry though there will still be room to move the
           | goalposts with "uhhh, but, Apple is designing for high IPC
           | and low clocks, it's totally different and x86 could do it if
           | they wanted to but, uhhh, they don't!".
           | 
           | (I'm personally of the somewhat-controversial opinion that
           | x86 can't really be scaled in the same super-wide-core/super-
           | deep-reorder-buffer fashion that ARM opens up and the IPC gap
           | will persist as a result. The gap is _very wide_ , higher
           | than 3x in floating-point benchmarks, it isn't something
           | that's going to be easy to close.)
        
             | adgjlsfhk1 wrote:
             | There is a third variable: Apple is putting ram much closer
             | to the CPU than AMD. This has the advantage that you get
             | lower latency (and slightly higher bandwidth), but the
             | downside that you're currently limited to 128gb of ram,
             | compared to 2tb for threadripper (4tb for epic). Amd's 3d
             | cache that they're launching in a few months will be
             | interesting since it lets the L3 go up a ton.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | Latency to RAM is not any better. Bandwidth is extremely
               | much better but not for this reason.
        
             | Macha wrote:
             | We've already seen x86 draw even with Intel 12th gen:
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X0bsjUMz3EM
        
               | paulmd wrote:
               | So in that one, you've got a 20-thread Intel part
               | (6+8C/20T) at probably 3.5 GHz going against a 10-thread
               | Apple part (8+2C/10T), at probably 3 GHz, and the Apple
               | part still comes out on top by ~5% in Cinebench R23 MT.
               | And that's with Intel having 50% more high-performance
               | threads available.
               | 
               | Work out the IPC there - the Intel has a 2x thread count
               | advantage, a 17% clock advantage, and Apple comes out 5%
               | ahead. So the IPC gap there is about 2.46x.
               | 
               | It's not a perfect comparison of course, since we're
               | mixing SMT and big/little cores, but in basically every
               | area Intel should (on paper) have more resources
               | available and Apple is coming out on top anyway by sheer
               | IPC.
               | 
               | That's what I'm saying - you can't really do that
               | approach with x86. It's not power-advantageous or
               | transistor-advantageous to go super wide on the decode or
               | reorder buffer like that on x86. And regardless of the
               | tricks x86 uses to mitigate it, you've still got a 2.5x
               | IPC gap at the end of the day. A 2.5x IPC gap _will not_
               | be closed up by just a single node shrink.
               | 
               | And that's looking at MT, where your task scales
               | perfectly. See where I'm going with this? Intel is using
               | 2x the number of threads, and 3x the number of efficiency
               | cores to get there. Apple can deliver that punch across a
               | much lower number of threads - meaning ST-bottlenecked
               | tasks will scale much much better on Apple.
               | 
               | With a single-threaded test, the M1 is pulling 7W vs 33W
               | for the Alder Lake intel. Obviously that tells us nothing
               | about _efficiency_ , since we'd need to know the scores,
               | but that's the downside, is for _normal, poorly-threaded_
               | tasks, like surfing the web or editing code, the 12900HK
               | is going to be boosting high to reach the same
               | performance levels the M1 does at 3 GHz. And that 's
               | exactly what you see in the power figures there.
               | 
               | In short: you will likely see x86 able to keep up in one
               | metric or another. You can win on performance if you just
               | go nuclear on power. You can match on power on perfectly-
               | threadable tasks that allow the x86 to deploy twice the
               | threads (sharing instruction cache/etc). You can match on
               | single-threaded battery life if you accept lesser
               | performance. But the overall performance of the M1
               | derives from the massive IPC it generates, and that's
               | something that x86 can't match nearly as easily.
               | 
               | Going ham on a single metric just to claim victory isn't
               | nearly the same thing as the level of all-round
               | performance and efficiency that Apple has achieved there.
               | 
               | (see also, putting a 128-thread Threadripper 3990WX
               | workstation up against a 10-thread M1 Max laptop just to
               | win at rendering... and people here thought that
               | disproved that Apple was great hardware lol)
        
               | atq2119 wrote:
               | I don't think there's anything specifically different
               | about the reorder buffer between x86 and ARM.
               | 
               | The reorder buffer size is just a logical consequence of
               | the frontend width.
               | 
               | And yes, scaling an Aarch64 frontend is dead simple
               | compared to x86 due to the fixed instruction width. The
               | disadvantage of x86 is serious, but I don't know if we
               | can count it out quite yet. This is the first time Intel
               | and AMD got any serious pressure on that front. I'm sure
               | they're taking the challenge seriously, and it'll take
               | some years before we'll see the results.
        
               | sroussey wrote:
               | x86 and ARM have different memory access assumptions
               | which affects the reorder buffer in material ways. Apple
               | added something to their chips to use the x86 memory
               | model when flagged for Rosseta2.
        
               | EvgeniyZh wrote:
               | How much little cores and HT contribute at this workload
               | tho? If I say turn them off, could I claim the opposite,
               | losing even 20% but using 40% less threads?
        
             | jcranberry wrote:
             | why so smug? who cares whichever company makes a better
             | processor?
        
         | alwillis wrote:
         | It doesn't support your argument when we're talking about a
         | massive processor like a threadripper vs. a M1 Ultra.
         | 
         | The performance per watt isn't in the same universe and that
         | matters.
        
           | wyattpeak wrote:
           | The article claims that the chip is "the world's most
           | powerful and capable chip for a personal computer". It's
           | reasonable to ask whether it genuinely is faster than another
           | available chip, it's not an implicit argument that it's not
           | powerful.
        
           | adfgadfgaery wrote:
           | The M1 Ultra is by a very wide margin the bigger of the two.
           | According to Tom's Hardware [1], top-of-the-line Epycs have
           | 39.54 billion transistors. That is about a third of the 117
           | billion in the M1 Ultra. Apple builds bigger than anyone
           | else, thanks largely to their access to TSMC's best process.
           | 
           | The M1 Ultra is a workstation part. It goes in machines that
           | start at $4,000. The competition is Xeons, Epycs, and
           | Threadrippers.
        
             | bpye wrote:
             | That's not really a fair comparison. Apples chip spends
             | most of that on their GPU, and the neural engine takes a
             | chunk too. Threadripper is only a CPU.
        
           | forrestthewoods wrote:
           | > The performance per watt isn't in the same universe and
           | that matters.
           | 
           | I couldn't give less of a shit about performance-per-watt.
           | The ONLY metric I care about is performance-per-dollar.
           | 
           | A Mac Studio and Threadripper are both boxes that sit
           | on/under my desk. I don't work from a laptop. I don't care
           | about energy usage. I even don't really care about noise. My
           | Threadripper is fine. I would not trade less power for less
           | noise.
        
             | ricardobeat wrote:
             | The vast majority of developers today has a laptop as their
             | main machine. Performance-per-watt is absolutely crucial
             | there.
        
               | itstomkent wrote:
               | I'll just never understand this. Chances are you are at
               | the same desk day in and day out. You probably have
               | monitors and external keyboard/mouse hooked up because
               | hunching over a laptop and using a touchpad is
               | unnecessary torture for a fixed workspace. Given that why
               | would you hamstring yourself with a thermally constrained
               | and overpriced-because-miniaturization-isn't free setup?
               | 
               | Until maybe these M1's (and I'm not entirely convinced)
               | I've not in the 20 years I've been computing seen a
               | reasonably configured desktop (eg not just a laptop on a
               | stick ala iMac but an ACTUAL desktop) ever not smoke the
               | pants off of every single laptop you could put up against
               | it. It's hard to beat the one-two punch of lots of power
               | and room to cool it. If you are sitting at at desk why
               | the heck wouldn't you leverage that?
        
               | ricardobeat wrote:
               | Meetings, working from home, travel, changing desks every
               | few months. Not having a jungle of cables. Retina screen
               | (still hard to find on external monitors). The vast
               | majority of devs also don't need an insanely powerful
               | machine. If Docker on Mac wasn't dog slow, I could easily
               | get by with a $999 MacBook Air.
        
               | arvinsim wrote:
               | The only reason I also went up to 32GB RAM(almost bought
               | the 64GB one) was because of Docker.
        
               | lmm wrote:
               | I was a desktop diehard until performance reached the
               | point where laptops are good enough. Being able to take
               | the same computer around with you and use it seamlessly
               | in a different place is a big improvement.
               | 
               | I still have a proper desk-based working environment
               | hooked up to a docking station though. I _really_ wouldn
               | 't want to use a laptop that doesn't have a first-party
               | dock as my primary machine.
        
               | forrestthewoods wrote:
               | That's cool. I am not the vast majority of developers. I
               | am me. I use a desktop for high-end game development. I
               | don't give a shit about web development or laptop
               | development. I care about compiling large C++ projects as
               | fast as possible.
               | 
               | I agree that most developers are web/mobile developers
               | who use a laptop. That's great. I am an increasingly
               | niche developer.
               | 
               | The root comment was a comparison against Threadripper.
               | Normal developers should not waste money on a
               | Threadripper. If someone is a niche developer that
               | warrants a Threadripper then pointing out that most
               | developers don't need a Threadripper is a waste of time.
        
             | brokenmachine wrote:
             | I care about power only because it means louder fans, and I
             | like quiet.
        
               | hu3 wrote:
               | Same. That's why I use watercooling to keep the room
               | silent.
        
             | astrange wrote:
             | Did you know noise pollution causes dementia?
             | 
             | https://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/sep/09/transport-
             | no...
        
               | hu3 wrote:
               | Ouch. I wonder what Apple thinks about that after selling
               | millions of noisy intel macbooks.
               | 
               | As for desktops, watercooling makes computers dead
               | silent.
        
             | hu3 wrote:
             | This is what some folks miss.
             | 
             | One hour of my time is more expensive than an entire month
             | of a computer electricity bill.
             | 
             | Some people just want tasks to perform as fast as possible
             | regardless of power consumption or portability.
             | 
             | Life's short and time is finite.
             | 
             | Every second adds up for repetitive tasks.
        
               | ghshephard wrote:
               | The power is only relevant because it makes the machine
               | quite in a compact form. If you've got a bit of space,
               | then a water cooled system accomplishes a lot of the same
               | thing. For some people there is an aesthetic element.
               | 
               | Power does make a big difference in data centers though -
               | it's often the case that you run out of power before you
               | run out of rack space.
               | 
               | Where power for a computer might make a difference could
               | be in power-constrained (solar/off grid) scenarios.
               | 
               | I don't know if I've ever heard anyone make an argument
               | based on $$$.
        
               | altcognito wrote:
               | The only reason I've ever cared about watts is that
               | generally speaking 120 watt and 180 watt processors
               | require more complicated cooling solutions. That's less
               | true today than it ever was. Cases are designed for
               | things like liquid cooling, and they tend to be pretty
               | silent. The processors stay cool, and are pretty
               | reliable.
               | 
               | I personally stick to the lower wattage ones because I
               | don't generally need high end stuff, so I think Apple is
               | going the right direction here, but it should be noted
               | that Intel has also started down the path of high
               | performance and efficiency cores already. AMD will find
               | itself there too if it turns out that for home use, we
               | just don't need a ton of cores, but instead a small group
               | of fast cores surrounded by a bunch of specialist cores.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | Air coolers can handle 300 watts without any complexity.
               | Just a big block of fins on heat pipes.
        
               | altcognito wrote:
               | I mean, yeah, but then you've got case issues and
               | whatnot. I appreciate your point though.
        
               | paulmd wrote:
               | wattage doesn't really tell you how difficult it is to
               | cool a part anymore. 11th-gen Intel is really easy to
               | cool despite readily going to 200W+. Zen3 is hard to cool
               | even at 60W.
               | 
               | Thermal density plays a huge role, the size of the chips
               | is going down faster than the wattage, so thermal density
               | is going up every generation even if you keep the same
               | number of transistors. And everyone is still putting more
               | transistors on their chips as they shrink.
               | 
               | Going forward this is only going to get more complicated
               | - I am very interested to see how the 5800X3D does in
               | terms of thermals with a cache die over the top of the
               | CCD (compute die). But anyway that style of thing seem to
               | be the future - NVIDIA is also rumored to be using a
               | cache die over the top of their Ada/Lovelace
               | architecture. And obviously 60W direct to the IHS is
               | easier to cool than 60W that has to be pulled through a
               | cache die in the middle.
        
               | altcognito wrote:
               | The Zen 3 stock coolers work pretty well. I've never had
               | a problem.
               | 
               | Looking it up though I do see a lot of concerns with the
               | heat they generate. I can only conclude I don't push my
               | chip very hard (which, honestly, I probably don't)
               | 
               | I've been happy with the AMDs I purchased over the past 4
               | years, we'll see how they hold up and how this next gen
               | comes out. I did see that the recent Intels are quite
               | competitive which is good for everybody.
        
               | paulmd wrote:
               | yup, the correct answer here is people need to stop being
               | worried about the thermals as a metric in themselves, and
               | look at the performance their chip is generating. If your
               | chip is running at 90C, but you're hitting 100
               | ScoreMarks, and attaching a 5hp chiller to it lets you
               | hit 105 ScoreMarks, that's not really worth it.
               | 
               | Yeah, longevity, blah blah, but laptop chips are designed
               | to sit above 90C under load, it's fine.
               | 
               | Just saying that "how hard it is to cool" doesn't solely
               | depend on power consumption anymore. Heat density is
               | making that harder and harder, even if power consumption
               | stays the same.
               | 
               | What does improve though is how much heat it pumps into
               | your room. Yeah, a Rocket Lake at 200W might be roughly
               | as hard to cool as an AMD at 90W or whatever... but one
               | is still putting 200W into your room and the other is
               | still putting 90W. Temperatures are not the same thing as
               | _power dissipation_ either. I don 't like having my
               | gaming PC running in my room during the summer, and I'm
               | actually looking at maybe running cables through the
               | walls to have it in the basement instead. I also have a
               | 5700G and some NUCs that are much lower power that I
               | prefer to use for surfing and shitposting.
        
         | chaostheory wrote:
         | It doesn't matter. Speaking as an Apple cult member imo
         | Threadripper is better value if you're not using the machine
         | for personal use.
        
         | marcan_42 wrote:
         | My 1st gen 16 core Threadripper is _barely_ faster than an M1
         | Pro /Max at kernel builds, so a 64 core TR3 should handily
         | double the M1 Ultra performance.
         | 
         | But you know, I'm still happy to double my current build perf
         | in a small box I can stick in my closet. Ordered one :-)
        
           | mhh__ wrote:
           | How many threads are actually getting utilized in those
           | kernel builds? I don't work on the kernel enough to have
           | intuition in mind but people make wildly optimistic
           | assumptions about how compilation stresses processors.
           | 
           | Also 1st gen threadrippers are getting on a bit now, surely.
           | It's a ~6 year old microarchitecture.
        
             | heavyset_go wrote:
             | Kernel compilation can be heavily parallelized.
        
             | marcan_42 wrote:
             | All of them. The CPU graph is pegged for most of the
             | compilation.
        
             | enedil wrote:
             | Kernel has thousands of compilation units. Each of them is
             | compiled by a separate compiler process. Only the linking
             | at the end doesn't parallelise, however it should take a
             | much smaller part of the time. The proportions change of
             | course, if you develop kernel and do incremental builds
             | lots of times. Then the linking stage might become a
             | bottleneck.
             | 
             | The above statement should also relate to most other C/C++
             | projects.
        
             | nextos wrote:
             | Yes, it'd be interesting to see this comparison made with
             | current AMD CPUs and a full build that has approximately
             | the same price.
             | 
             | I am curious whether there is a real performance
             | difference?
             | 
             | I do lots of computing on high-end workstations. Intel
             | builds used to be extremely expensive if you required ECC.
             | They used that to discriminate prices. Recent AMD offerings
             | helped enormously. I wonder whether these M1 offerings are
             | a significant improvement in terms of performance, making
             | it worthwhile to cope with the hassle of switching
             | architectures?
        
               | modzu wrote:
               | but do the m1s have ecc?
        
           | manmal wrote:
           | I wouldn't automatically expect a linear decrease in compile
           | time with growing core count. That would have to be tried.
        
           | gtvwill wrote:
        
         | Thaxll wrote:
         | Well compare that to a 400$ CPU like a 5900x, the first M1 is
         | slower than this one and cost 2x the price.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | cehrlich wrote:
         | Seems like for things that are: 1. Perfectly parallel 2. Not
         | accelerated by some of the other stuff that's on the Apple
         | Silicon SoC's ...it will be a toss-up.
         | 
         | Threadripper 3990X get about 25k in Geekbench Multicore [1]
         | 
         | M1 Max gets about 12.5k in Geekbench Multicore, so pretty much
         | exactly half [2]
         | 
         | Obviously different tasks will have _vastly_ different
         | performance profiles. For example it's likely that the M1 Ultra
         | will blow the Threadripper out of the water for video stuff,
         | whereas Threadripper is likely to win certain types of
         | compiling.
         | 
         | There's also the upcoming 5995WX which will be even faster: [3]
         | 
         | [1] https://browser.geekbench.com/processors/amd-ryzen-
         | threadrip...
         | 
         | [2]
         | https://browser.geekbench.com/v5/cpu/search?utf8=%E2%9C%93&q...
         | 
         | [3] https://www.amd.com/en/products/cpu/amd-ryzen-
         | threadripper-p...
        
           | Teknoman117 wrote:
           | Something is seriously fishy about those geekbench results.
           | 
           | 24-core scores 20k, 32-core scores 22.3k, and 64-core score
           | 25k. Something isn't scaling there.
        
             | e4e78a06 wrote:
             | Many GB5 (and real world) tasks are memory bandwidth
             | bottlenecked, which greatly favors M1 Max because it has
             | over double a Threadripper's memory bandwidth.
        
               | Teknoman117 wrote:
               | Sort of. The CPU complex of the M1 Max can achieve ~200
               | GB/s, you can only hit the 400 GB/s mark by getting the
               | GPU involved.
               | 
               | At the same time the Threadrippers also have a gargantuan
               | amount of cache that can be accessed at several hundred
               | gigabytes per second per core. Obviously not as nice as
               | being able to hit DRAM at that speed.
        
               | e4e78a06 wrote:
               | That cache is not uniform time access. It costs over
               | 100ns to cross the IO die to access another die's L3,
               | almost as much as going to main memory. In practice you
               | have to treat it as 8 separate 32 MB L3 caches.
               | 
               | Also, not everything fits into cache.
        
             | mrtksn wrote:
             | Probably it's the thermals that don't scale. The more the
             | cores, the lower the the peak performance per core.
        
             | enneff wrote:
             | Yeah, it's the real world tasks that GeekBench tries to
             | simulate that don't tend to scale linearity with processor
             | count. A lot of software does not take good advantage of
             | multiple cores.
        
               | fivea wrote:
               | > A lot of software does not take good advantage of
               | multiple cores.
               | 
               | It sounds pointless to come up with synthetic benchmarks
               | which emulate software that is not able to handle
               | hardware, and then use said synthetic benchmarks to
               | evaluate the hardware performance.
        
               | BobbyJo wrote:
               | It has a very specific point: communicating performance
               | to people who don't know hardware.
               | 
               | Most consumers are software aware, not hardware aware.
               | They care what they _will_ use the hardware for, not what
               | they _can_ use it for. To that end, benchmarks that
               | correlate with their experience are more useful than a
               | tuned BLAS implementation.
        
               | Teknoman117 wrote:
               | That's certainly true. But if that's your workload you
               | shouldn't be buying a 64-core CPU...
               | 
               | I use a few 32 and 64 core machines for build servers and
               | file servers, and while the 64-core EPYCs are not twice
               | as fast as the 32-core ones due to lower overall
               | frequency, they're 70% or so faster in most of the things
               | I throw at them.
        
               | brigade wrote:
               | Does Geekbench actually attempt to simulate that in their
               | multi-core score? And how?
               | 
               | I was under the impression that all of their multi-core
               | tests were "run N independent copies of the single-
               | threaded test", just like SPECrate does.
        
           | kllrnohj wrote:
           | Geekbench is extremely sensitive to the OS. Like the same CPU
           | on Windows & Linux score _wildly_ different on Geekbench. For
           | example the 3990X regularly hits 35k multicore geekbench when
           | run on Linux: https://browser.geekbench.com/v5/cpu/11237183
        
           | gjsman-1000 wrote:
           | Also of note is that half of the Mac Studio's case is
           | dedicated to cooling. Up to this point, all M1 Max benchmarks
           | are within laptops while all Threadripper benchmarks are in
           | desktops. The M1 Max in the Mac Studio will probably perform
           | better than expected.
        
             | tacLog wrote:
             | This is sound logic and probably be the case but I wonder
             | if this effect will be less than what we have seen in the
             | past because of the reduced TDP of the M1 processors in
             | general.
             | 
             | Maybe the cooling and power delivery difference between
             | laptop formfactors and PC formfactors will be less with
             | these new arm based chips.
        
             | ip26 wrote:
             | Maybe; every chip hits a point where feeding in more power
             | doesn't make it go any faster.
             | 
             | If I was to guess, the increased cooling probably helps the
             | Studio sustain similar boost clocks as the laptops, but for
             | longer.
             | 
             | Although it's possible these are on N4x, which might
             | increase the attainable boost.
        
         | runako wrote:
         | Having not seen benchmarks, I would imagine that claimed memory
         | bandwidth of ~800 GB/s vs Threadripper's claimed ~166 GB/s
         | would make a significant difference for a number of real-world
         | workloads.
        
           | paulmd wrote:
           | Someone will probably chime in and correct me (such is the
           | way of the internet - Cunningham's Law in action) but I don't
           | think the CPU itself can access all 800 GB/s? I think someone
           | in one of the previous M1 Pro/Max threads mentioned that
           | several of the memory channels on Pro/Max are dedicated for
           | the GPU. So you can't just get a 800 GB/s postgres server
           | here.
           | 
           | You could still write OpenCL kernels of course. Doesn't mean
           | you _can 't_ use it, but not sure if it's all just accessible
           | to CPU-side code.
           | 
           | (or maybe it is? it's still a damn fast piece of hardware
           | either way)
        
             | runako wrote:
             | Fascinating!
             | 
             | Linking this[1] because TIL that the memory bandwidth
             | number is more about the SoC as a whole. The discussion in
             | the article is interesting because they are actively trying
             | to saturate the memory bandwidth. Maybe the huge bandwidth
             | is a relevant factor for the real-world uses of a machine
             | called "Studio" that retails for over $3,000, but not as
             | much for people running postgres?
             | 
             | 1 - https://www.anandtech.com/show/17024/apple-m1-max-
             | performanc...
        
             | crest wrote:
             | On an M1 Max MacBook Pro the CPU (8P+2E) cores peak at a
             | combined ~240GB/s the rest of the advertised 400GB/s memory
             | bandwidth is only useable by the other bus masters e.g.
             | GPU, NPU, video encoding/decoding etc.
        
               | paulmd wrote:
               | So now the follow-on question I really wanted to ask: if
               | the CPU can't access all the memory channels does that
               | mean it can only address a fraction of the total memory
               | as CPU memory? Or is it a situation where all the
               | channels go into a controller/bus, but the CPU link out
               | of the controller is only wide enough to handle a
               | fraction of the bandwidth?
        
               | brigade wrote:
               | It's more akin to how on Intel, each core's L2 has some
               | maximum bandwidth to LLC, and can't individually saturate
               | the total bandwidth available on the ring bus. But Intel
               | doesn't have the LLC <-> RAM bandwidth for that to be
               | generally noticeable.
        
         | kiratp wrote:
         | My workstation has a 3990x.
         | 
         | Our "world" build is slightly faster on my M1 Max.
         | 
         | https://twitter.com/kiratpandya/status/1457438725680480257
         | 
         | The 3990x runs a bit faster on the initial compile stage but
         | the linking is single threaded and the M1 Max catches up at
         | that point. I expect the M1 Ultra to crush the 3990x on compile
         | time.
        
           | howinteresting wrote:
           | Try mold.
        
             | petecooper wrote:
             | >Try mold
             | 
             | Curiosity got the better of me:
             | 
             | https://github.com/rui314/mold
        
             | kiratp wrote:
             | We plan to move to it once MacOS support lands (for the
             | laptops).
        
           | zerd wrote:
           | From the tweet reply you used sccache with hot cache, which
           | would probably be mostly single-threaded since it's just
           | fetching and copying things from cache.
        
             | kiratp wrote:
             | I'm not trying to compare the details of SOC performance.
             | 
             | Just that with the same hot caches, the average change-
             | build-test loop that developers do 100+ times a day is just
             | faster on the M1 Max.
        
           | daniel-grigg wrote:
           | Do you have any benchmarks of the two to share against a mean
           | to ensure its built optimally? Maybe something like
           | https://opendata.blender.org ? It's painful hearing random
           | anecdotes only to learn the person didn't apply thermal paste
           | to their cpu.
        
           | atq2119 wrote:
           | Are both cases compiling to the same target architecture? If
           | not, you may well be comparing the relative performance of
           | different compiler backends instead of comparing the
           | performance of your CPUs.
           | 
           | (+ now I see it's rust: how parallel is your build, really?)
        
             | kiratp wrote:
             | The target arch doesn't matter for the change-build-test
             | loop d vs do. All that matters is how fast can you compile
             | your code to test it.
             | 
             | If the final x86 production build takes longer it doesn't
             | matter - that happens on the cloud anyway.
             | 
             | Edit: Rust builds are very parallel until linking. No
             | different than any other LLVM build.
        
               | runeks wrote:
               | > The target arch doesn't matter for the change-build-
               | test loop d vs do.
               | 
               | It matters when comparing CPU performance, which is what
               | this benchmark is being used for.
        
             | gameswithgo wrote:
             | that the arm backend is faster to compile for is a legit
             | advantage for the developer though, even if its distinct
             | from cpu perf
        
             | ripley12 wrote:
             | > now I see it's rust: how parallel is your build, really?
             | 
             | Not the OP but I install a lot of Rust projects with Cargo
             | and recently did some benchmarking on DigitalOcean's
             | compute-optimized VMs. Going from 8 cores to 32 cores was a
             | little disappointing:
             | 
             | Bat (~40 crates): 68s -> 61s
             | 
             | Nushell (486 crates): 157s -> 106s
             | 
             | Compilation starts out highly parallel and then quickly
             | drops down to a small number of cores.
        
           | zamalek wrote:
           | Intel was the single-threaded king until Zen3, so that's no
           | real surprise.
           | 
           | Try the same thing with mold.
        
           | fivea wrote:
           | > The 3990x runs a bit faster on the initial compile stage
           | but the linking is single threaded and the M1 Max catches up
           | at that point.
           | 
           | Isn't linking IO-bound?
        
             | codeflo wrote:
             | For a clean build and a reasonably specced machine, all the
             | intermediate artifacts will still be in the cache during
             | linking.
        
             | kiratp wrote:
             | Exposing my limited understanding of that level of the
             | computing stack - it is but Apple seems to have very very
             | good caching strategies - filesystem and L1/2/3.
             | 
             | https://llvm.org/devmtg/2017-10/slides/Ueyama-lld.pdf
             | 
             | There is a breakdown in those slides discussing what parts
             | of lld are single threaded and hard to parallelize so I
             | suspect single thread performance plays a big role too. I
             | generally observe one core pegged during linking.
        
               | fivea wrote:
               | > Exposing my limited understanding of that level of the
               | computing stack - it is but Apple seems to have very very
               | good caching strategies - filesystem and L1/2/3.
               | 
               | That would mean that these comparisons between
               | Threadripper and the M1 Ultra do not reflect CPU
               | performance but instead showcase whatever choice of SSD
               | they've been using.
        
               | LordDragonfang wrote:
               | L1/2/3 are CPU caches, not SSD. Though there is a good
               | chance these are mostly firmware optimizations, not
               | hardware. So still not an apples-to-apples comparison of
               | cpu design.
        
               | fivea wrote:
               | > L1/2/3 are CPU caches, not SSD.
               | 
               | Why did you omit the reference to "file system"?
               | 
               | Are we supposed to ignore the fact that a linker's main
               | job is reading object files and write the output to a
               | file?
               | 
               | I find this sort of argument particularly comical given a
               | very old school technique to speed up compilation is to
               | use a RAM drive to store the build's output.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | By firmware you mean microcode, but I don't think either
               | of those actually use microcode to control this.
        
             | nicoburns wrote:
             | https://github.com/rui314/mold would suggest otherwise.
             | Massive speedups by multithreading the linker. I think
             | traditional linkers just aren't highly optimised.
        
               | fivea wrote:
               | > https://github.com/rui314/mold would suggest otherwise.
               | 
               | Does it, though?
               | 
               | I mean, if you read that link you'll notice it boasts the
               | linker's performance by comparing it with cp and how it's
               | "so fast that it is only 2x slower than cp on the same
               | machine."
               | 
               | Is cp supposed to be CPU-bound?
        
               | nicoburns wrote:
               | Yes, but that's for mold, which _is_ multithreaded. The
               | original context of this thread being the question of
               | whether a linker would see speedups from multithreading.
               | Most people are using traditional single-threaded linkers
               | which are an order of magnitude slower than mold. The
               | fact that mold is so much faster suggests that a linker
               | does indeed see big speedups from multithreading.
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | The data the linker is running on will generally largely
               | be in memory (in their posted example, which is a warm
               | compile, completely in memory).
        
         | gjsman-1000 wrote:
         | It is worth noting that it has, at least according to Apple's
         | graphs, slightly more than an RTX 3090 in graphics performance.
         | 
         | So, even if it doesn't quite beat Threadripper in the CPU
         | department - it will absolutely _annihilate_ Threadripper in
         | anything graphics-related.
         | 
         | For this reason, I don't actually have a problem with Apple
         | calling it the fastest. Yes, Threadripper might be marginally
         | faster in real-world work that uses the CPU, but other tasks
         | like video editing, graphics, it won't be anywhere near close.
        
           | komuher wrote:
           | It wont be even close to RTX 3090 looking at m1 max and using
           | same scaling maximum it can be close to 3070 performance.
           | 
           | We all need to take Apple claims with grain of salt as they
           | are always cherrypicked so i wont be surprise if it wont be
           | even 3070 performance in real usage.
        
         | Teknoman117 wrote:
         | I'm obviously going to reserve judgement until people can get
         | their hands on them. Apple makes good stuff but their keynote
         | slides are typically heavily cherrypicked (e.g. our video
         | performance numbers compare our dedicated ASIC to software
         | encoding on a different architecture even though competing
         | ASICs exist kinds of things).
        
       | Transisto wrote:
       | Interesting how so many of their benchmarks are based on the
       | number of 8k stream they can playback or edit at once but OSX
       | doesn't support outputting to 8K resolution. Most likely crippled
       | until Apple come up with their own 8K monitors.
        
         | mst wrote:
         | The new Studio Display appears to be 5K so it wouldn't surprise
         | me if the second generation of that will be 8K,
        
       | slapslash wrote:
       | The word ULTRA appears 82 times on that page.
        
       | tough wrote:
       | I'm waiting for the MK Ultra
        
       | spacexsucks wrote:
        
       | gtvwill wrote:
        
       | randyrand wrote:
       | These CPU names are terrible. When did Apple get bad at naming
       | things?
        
       | mrcwinn wrote:
       | Pro, Max, Ultra.
       | 
       | The board has been set. M1 Endgame is nearly ready.
        
         | Damogran6 wrote:
         | With Ultra Fusion....UltraFabric next to stack them all
         | vertically.
        
         | jmull wrote:
         | Superman could've kicked the crap out of Ultraman, just FYI.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | neycoda wrote:
       | I really wish popular companies would focus more on software
       | optimization than hardware renovations. It's really sad to see
       | how fast products die due to increasingly bloated and overly-
       | complex software.
        
       | zwaps wrote:
       | So then, when will common ML frameworks work on Apple? I guess
       | compiled Tensorflow works with some plugins or whatever, where
       | afaik performance is still subpar. Apple emphasizes that they
       | have this many Tensorcores... but unfortunately to use them one
       | has to roll one's own framework on what Swift or something. I am
       | sure it gets better soon.
        
       | contingencies wrote:
       | Desktop marketing seems to be getting desperate. Few people use
       | the apps they show in the Mac Studio benchmarks. Fewer still care
       | that their chips use less power... if they did, they would stay
       | on their phones.
        
         | etchalon wrote:
         | The "few people" who use those apps are the people Apple is
         | selling these systems to.
        
         | Spooky23 wrote:
         | Large businesses do. I bet in some places you could get
         | grant/loan incentives to replace a PC fleet with these things.
         | 
         | Back in the Pentium-4 days, iirc I was able to get almost $250k
         | in grants and $1.5M in subsidized loans to do accelerated
         | refresh of a PC fleet and small datacenter, all through a
         | utility's peak load reduction program.
        
           | contingencies wrote:
           | I don't deny such things happen but it's illogical. If you
           | have 20 people on desktops a small fraction of them will use
           | more energy for microwaving lunch, making coffee or on air
           | conditioning than they will save in aggregate on this nominal
           | reduction in power draw.
        
             | AdrianB1 wrote:
             | Microwaving lunch: 2 minutes at 800W; desktop with monitor:
             | 8 hours at 150W, that is 45 times higher. Similar for
             | coffee, no simple math for AC. If you can reduce 150W to
             | 80W, it is both significant and achievable - this is what
             | my desktop usually draws.
        
               | contingencies wrote:
               | You forget these things sit ~idle (or at browser load)
               | 99% of the time. The magnitude of difference only
               | expresses at peak consumption. Furthermore, what about
               | the lost time/hassle for changeover plus embodied energy
               | in throwing out the last system? It's insanity.
        
               | Spooky23 wrote:
               | The average corporate PC device gets replaced every 39
               | months.
               | 
               | Acceleration of that cycle with a Mac replacement, which
               | usually has a 50-60 month lifecycle, is a pretty
               | significant savings.
        
               | contingencies wrote:
               | If those are real figures that's a good point :) I think
               | we're well in to pedantry now. Call a somnambulance :)
        
             | dddddddan wrote:
             | How is it nominal? The current MacPro (which most of the
             | target market would already be using) has a power supply
             | that is >1kW. It's insane that this this is faster than the
             | existing MacPro with a tiny power draw in comparison.
        
             | Spooky23 wrote:
             | 20, yes, it's a waste of time. At 2000, reducing power
             | consumption by 30%, may yield $100k annually.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | yoloyoloyoloa wrote:
       | MKUltra was a better chip
        
       | pkaye wrote:
       | I wonder if the project codename was MK Ultra?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | danielktdoranie wrote:
       | Pretty God damn impressive. I have a MacBook Air w/ the M1 and
       | 16GB and it's more computer than I need for my work flows. Work
       | gave me a MacBook Pro 16" M1 Max w/ a 10-Core CPU, 32-Core GPU,
       | 64GB Unified Memory... it is a monster.
       | 
       | Intel's got a lot of work to do to catch up. I think the only way
       | Intel will catch up is to completely embrace RISC-V
        
       | Mikeb85 wrote:
       | Ugh really wish that a non-Apple vendor could make an ARM chip of
       | this calibre. Jealous but cat bring myself to use a proprietary
       | OS and get locked into Apple.
        
         | pantalaimon wrote:
         | There is always Asahi Linux
        
           | Mikeb85 wrote:
           | Last I heard not all of the chipset's features are working in
           | Linux yet...
        
       | nano9 wrote:
       | My concern is cooling. Any reason to believe that this new chip
       | will run cool and not be drowned in thermal paste when installed?
       | My Intel i7 Macbook Pro loves to idle at 65 C, and some light
       | browsing will kick that up to 80 C, which worries me.
        
       | kristianp wrote:
       | I wonder what clock rate the studio runs these chips at with the
       | extra cooling. Frustrating that the marketing materials don't
       | mention that.
        
         | top_sigrid wrote:
         | This is a very little discussed question but one of the most
         | interesting unknowns I think.
         | 
         | The pro and max come only in laptops, so the cooling difference
         | should be quite significant, but also there is more chip and an
         | interconnect to cool. Really looking forward to the in depth
         | analysis of this.
        
       | hobobaggins wrote:
       | What are people doing with these CPUs on a _desktop_? I 'm just
       | watching videos, surfing, and doing some programming -- on a 5
       | year old Ryzen with 32GB and it seems perfectly fine. For my
       | productivity needs, performance is mostly about I/O speed and so
       | switching to SSD and then NVME was the biggest boost for me
       | (Linux at work).
       | 
       | When I get home, it's all about the GPU on my gaming PC
       | (Windows). It's just that CPU just doesn't seem to be a huge
       | bottleneck for me on the desktop anymore. Are Mac's different
       | somehow where they need more CPU?
        
         | Gigachad wrote:
         | The Mac studio seems targeted at pro users doing things like
         | video editing and CAD. The M1 regular is good but its
         | insufficient in a lot of ways. It can only power one video
         | output, it's capped at 16GB memory, and if you try to do
         | anything sufficiently demanding like gaming, it really shows
         | its limits.
         | 
         | If you are doing CAD, things like fluid/particle physics
         | simulations can really slam the CPU. The M1 Ultra isn't
         | marketed to the normal user just doing some web browsing. Its
         | the top tier chip for people who find the M1 insufficient.
        
         | Kelteseth wrote:
         | For compiling c++ code, this really matters. At home, I have a
         | 16 core 5950x and at the office an 8 core 2700x, and it is a
         | night and day difference. Even if it's just a few minutes of
         | compile time, it creates a different mindset. At home: Yeah,
         | let's just recompile and see the changes. At the office: Oh no
         | I have to recompile, let's go to the kitchen and grab a coffee
         | or so, I have the time.
        
       | Synaesthesia wrote:
       | Apple have some serious chip design abilities. Imagine if they
       | entered the server market, with this architecture it could be
       | very successful.
        
         | jamesfmilne wrote:
         | My guess is they will launch their own cloud platform powered
         | by Apple Silicon.
         | 
         | Click & deploy from within Xcode (I hate Xcode though.)
        
         | throwawayboise wrote:
         | They tried that before and flopped.
         | 
         | The server market is different. Companies buy servers from the
         | low bidder. Apple has never really played in that market.
        
           | flatiron wrote:
           | People care about performance per watt now. So they could
           | compete. The real question is if they would support Linux. In
           | our containerized world I can't see their servers getting
           | super big running macOS
        
             | greenknight wrote:
             | The reason they dominate at PPW, is because they are on
             | TSMCs 5nm process. No one else has made a cpu chip on this
             | process yet. AMD are scheduled for later this year (they
             | are currently using 7nm).
             | 
             | It will be interesting to see the difference in performance
             | and performance per watt, when both companies are on the
             | same node.
        
               | flatiron wrote:
               | Arm I believe helps a bit as well.
        
               | Sporktacular wrote:
               | No, it's hetrogeneity, system integration, pipeline width
               | and instruction set as well.
        
               | ip26 wrote:
               | Well, that's a relief then, all any data center needs to
               | run these days is Apple's wide-ranging suite of in house
               | services, such as applache, dovewin, pOSXgres, and
               | SAPple.
        
               | Sporktacular wrote:
               | In the context of the server market of course you're
               | right. But the idea that it's a given that AMD, Intel
               | have similar PPW chips on the way still using the x86
               | architecture, is not correct. There's going to be more to
               | it than node size.
        
               | hajile wrote:
               | Apple's older 7nm chips still handily beat out Zen on the
               | same 7nm process in performance by watt (and it's not
               | even close).
        
           | macintux wrote:
           | Companies also want to know that the server OS is going to be
           | a long-term play. Apple would have a long way to go if they
           | wanted to try that again.
        
           | stjohnswarts wrote:
           | This is pretty true. While people who buy racks consider
           | vertical improvements they tend to think laterally and how
           | easy is it to expand (aka how cheap is the +1 server)
        
           | alwillis wrote:
           | That was before people cared about performance per watt.
           | 
           | Besides for some use cases, these Mac Studios will be racked
           | and in data centers as is.
        
       | renewiltord wrote:
       | Haha, bloody hell, what a monster of a chip. I find my M1 Max
       | already remarkably fast. The change is so huge. It's like in the
       | old days when you'd get a new computer and it felt like it could
       | do things before you could think of doing them.
       | 
       | But surely the GPU things can't be real? The GPU in the M1 Ultra
       | beats the top-of-the-line Nvidia? That's nuts.
        
         | acchow wrote:
         | > The GPU in the M1 Ultra beats the top-of-the-line Nvidia?
         | That's nuts.
         | 
         | We don't know yet. Apple is benchmarking against Workstation
         | graphics cards
         | 
         | "production 2.5GHz 28-core Intel Xeon W-based Mac Pro systems
         | with 384GB of RAM and AMD Radeon Pro W6900X graphics with 32GB
         | of GDDR6"
        
           | sercand wrote:
           | > Highest-end discrete GPU performance data tested from Core
           | i9-12900K with DDR5 memory and GeForce RTX 3090.
           | 
           | From the linked article. Apple is comparing against RTX 3090.
        
         | lastdong wrote:
         | Nvidia 3090, I wonder what Relative Performance equates to.
         | 
         | Can't wait for the (real world) reviews to be published
        
           | lastdong wrote:
           | Just to add in any case Apple is solving a big problem
           | related to limited GPU memory, which is quite cool
           | 
           | Hopefully AMD, Nvidia, others can follow the trend
        
         | bkyiuuMbF wrote:
         | > But surely the GPU things can't be real? The GPU in the M1
         | Ultra beats the top-of-the-line Nvidia?
         | 
         | Dubious. https://www.pcgamer.com/apple-m1-max-nvidia-
         | rtx-3080-perform...
        
           | xsmasher wrote:
           | Just for clarity, that article is about the M1 Pro and the M1
           | Max chips from October.
        
           | brutal_boi wrote:
           | From the article:
           | 
           | > Apple even says its new GPU is a match for Nvidia's RTX
           | 3080 mobile chip, though you'll have to take Apple's word for
           | it on that one. We've also reached out to Nvidia to see what
           | it might have to say on the matter.
           | 
           | > RTX 3080 mobile chip
           | 
           | > mobile chip
           | 
           | There's a 50%[1] (!) difference with mobile and non-mobile
           | versions of the chip. So that's hardly a deal breaker.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.videocardbenchmark.net/high_end_gpus.html
        
             | gowld wrote:
             | The "mobile" scam in GPUs is terrible. Nvidia flat out lies
             | about Mobile performance by giving misleading product names
             | (same as the desktop names).
        
               | LegitShady wrote:
               | its beyond that. the same chip might have several tdps
               | and drastic performance differences between models, such
               | that a high tdp 3070 mobile is faster than a low tdp
               | 3080. you end up having to get benchmarks for each
               | particular laptop configuration.
        
         | Omniusaspirer wrote:
         | Based on Anandtech benchmarks the M1 Max GPU is basically on
         | par with a mobile 3080, which a quick search tells me is about
         | 60% as fast as a desktop 3080. Not unreasonable to believe 2 of
         | them combined will outperform a 3090- with nearly 128 GB of
         | VRAM to boot.
         | 
         | Even more incredible Anandtech reports the M1 max GPU block
         | maxing at 43W in their testing. So a 90W GPU in the M1 Ultra is
         | trading blows with a 350+ watt 3090.
         | 
         | 1) https://www.anandtech.com/show/17024/apple-m1-max-
         | performanc...
        
           | cassac wrote:
           | What on earth are you talking about. That link shows it's not
           | even half as fast as the 3060, let alone the 3080.
           | 
           | In borderlands it got 24 FPS while the 3080 got 52 FPS. How
           | is that on par?
        
             | squeaky-clean wrote:
             | If you buy a Mac for gaming, you're going to have a bad
             | time. Look at the GFXBench 5.0 benchmark. The first graph
             | on the page.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | Omniusaspirer wrote:
             | Gaming benchmarks are completely irrelevant when discussing
             | the actual raw power of the GPU. As the other commenter
             | said- look at the actual GPU benchmark in the first graph.
             | 
             | Legacy games written for x86 CPUs obviously are going to
             | perform poorly. I recommend you actually read the review
             | and don't just scroll to the worst gaming benchmark you can
             | find.
        
               | cassac wrote:
               | There are only two real gaming benchmarks and they are
               | both real bad for the M1. In Tomb Raider it fairs even
               | worse at 4K than it does in borderlands.
               | 
               | It's a great chip but it doesn't trade blows with
               | anything Nvidia puts out especially at comparable price
               | points.
               | 
               | Maybe you buy things to run benchmarks. I buy them to run
               | the software I own. For games they come up short on fps
               | and high on price. That is the inverse of what I'm
               | looking for.
        
               | Omniusaspirer wrote:
               | If your interest is purely in playing unoptimized games
               | coded for different architectures then absolutely there's
               | better options.
               | 
               | However if your workloads are in a more professional
               | domain as mine are then it's entirely fair to say this
               | chip is trading blows with Nvidia's best at lower prices.
               | Don't forget this is an entire SOC and not just a GPU,
               | power saving aren't irrelevant either if you actually
               | work your hardware consistently as I do.
        
               | mhh__ wrote:
               | > Gaming benchmarks are completely irrelevant when
               | discussing the actual raw power of the GPU.
               | 
               | Maybe, but the "raw power" is useless if it can't be
               | exploited.
               | 
               | > Legacy games written for x86 CPUs obviously are going
               | to perform poorly.
               | 
               | Not if they're GPU-bound. Even native performance isn't
               | that impressive
        
               | Omniusaspirer wrote:
               | If the power is substantial enough it will get exploited
               | eventually. Hopefully even if Metal ports don't occur the
               | eventual Asahi-adjacent open source drivers will open the
               | gaming doors.
        
           | Macha wrote:
           | GPU scaling is absolutely not linear in that way. nvidia gave
           | up on that in recent generations as without software support
           | to match, you had situations where double 1080s were 95% as
           | fast as one 1080 with worse frame times.
           | 
           | Might be nice for e.g. ML where you can effectively treat
           | them as entirely independent GPUs but for games I would be
           | surprised if this matches a high end GPU.
        
             | vimy wrote:
             | macOS will see it as one gpu.
        
         | teilo wrote:
         | Given that it's basically double the performance of the Max,
         | with massive memory bandwidth, seems reasonable to me. But
         | Apple always fudges things a bit. Like, which Nvidia exactly is
         | this being compared to, and under what workload exactly?
        
         | make3 wrote:
         | the problem on mac is the super tiny game selection
        
         | Thaxll wrote:
         | > But surely the GPU things can't be real? The GPU in the M1
         | Ultra beats the top-of-the-line Nvidia? That's nuts.
         | 
         | People that game on Mac know it's a lie, GPU for gaming on mac
         | is vastly slower than recent graphic cards.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | jlouis wrote:
         | Insane claims requires insane evidence. We don't have that
         | there.
         | 
         | For some workloads i would not be surprised at all. But for all
         | workloads, ...
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | thfuran wrote:
         | That thing has four times as many transistors as a 3090.
        
           | maronato wrote:
           | Although true, transistor count is only tangentially related
           | to performance
        
             | mhh__ wrote:
             | Cache size is _very_ related to performance.
        
             | thfuran wrote:
             | It's certainly not the sole determinant of performance but
             | given two reasonably solid designs, one with a vastly
             | larger transistor budget and major node advantage to boot,
             | I know which one I'd pick as likely winner.
        
           | davrosthedalek wrote:
           | That counts memory, right?
        
             | wmf wrote:
             | No, but it does include cache; the M1 Ultra should have
             | 96MB of cache (>6B transistors) while Nvidia GPUs have
             | relatively little cache. 128GB of DRAM has 1 trillion
             | transistors.
        
       | swyx wrote:
       | was surprised to learn that the CPUs and GPUs on the M1x chips
       | are essentially a single unit, and for the M1 Ultra they
       | basically slapped two M1's together.
       | 
       | in traditional PC building, the CPU is quite distinct from the
       | GPU. can anyone ELI5 what the benefits are to having the CPU
       | closely integrated with GPU like the M1 has? seems a bit unwieldy
       | but i dont know anything about computer architecture
        
         | pram wrote:
         | Every single consumer Intel processor has had a GPU on it for a
         | decade.
        
         | Koshkin wrote:
         | I remember how AMD 3DNow! and Intel MMX were meant to render
         | GPUs obsolete.
        
         | MBCook wrote:
         | Having everything in one unit sharing the same pool of memory
         | is quite common. PCs (and older) Macs didn't do it because the
         | CPU and GPU evolved as physically separate parts and sharing
         | memory was too slow.
         | 
         | I believe some Intel/AMD low power chips (non-performance
         | laptops) have use this unified memory model as well.
         | 
         | But it became extremely common on phones where there was no
         | historical baggage and it was thought out from day one. I
         | believe all the consoles use a unified memory layout now, but
         | I'm not 100% sure.
         | 
         | The usual limitation is you're stuck with the on-die GPU, which
         | can pale in comparison to a top of the line AMD or nVidia
         | board.
        
       | tediousdemise wrote:
       | How does Apple manage to blow every other computing OEM out of
       | the water? What's in the secret sauce of their company?
       | 
       | Is it great leadership? Top tier engineering talent? Lots of
       | money? I simply don't understand.
        
         | MBCook wrote:
         | One thing that other people aren't mentioning here is that they
         | play the long game. They took their investment in the iPhone
         | and ported it over to the Macs. They learned/improved a lot in
         | that time. The M1 has over a decade of history behind it, in a
         | way.
         | 
         | They have talent, they have execution, they have data about
         | what rubs on macs they can use to optimize really well. But
         | they have the profits and the cash reserves to make big bets
         | and wait them out.
         | 
         | I think the M1 was expected 1 or 2 years before it was
         | released. But they waited. Maybe it wasn't good enough. Maybe
         | the software support wasn't there. But they didn't have to push
         | it out anyway and hope for the best. They could afford to wait.
         | 
         | Maybe that makes them willing to take bigger risks. Maybe
         | through history they just knew Intel slowing down would happen
         | (it bit them with 68k, then PPC, then G3/4/5) and we're
         | prepared in a way only done one with their own chips could be.
        
         | KaiserPro wrote:
         | marketing and a forgiving audience.
         | 
         | You have to remember that since the 2014 retina, Apple's
         | offerings have been a bit crap.
         | 
         | This is a return to form ( and a good one at that) but its not
         | worthy of hero worship. They've done a good job turning things
         | around, which is very hard.
        
         | yurishimo wrote:
         | I think it's mostly engineering and the cash to make things
         | happen. You heard it today in the presentation that since they
         | launched M1, sales have skyrocketed for Apple computers.
         | 
         | Hopefully leadership is really looking hard at this trend and
         | adjusting future offerings accordingly. Consumers WANT machines
         | with high performance and great I/O and they're willing to pay
         | for them.
         | 
         | With Apple, Intel, and AMD really stepping up the last couple
         | of years, I think the next decade of personal computing is
         | going to be really exciting!
        
         | stalfosknight wrote:
         | Put simply, it is vertical integration paired with management
         | that is adept at playing the long game.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | amilios wrote:
         | D) all of the above?
        
         | ThrowawayR2 wrote:
         | If I had to guess, their secret sauce is that 1) they're paying
         | lots of money to be on a chip fabrication node ahead of both
         | AMD and Intel, 2) since their chip design is in-house, they
         | don't have to pay the fat profit margin Intel and AMD want for
         | their high-end processors and can therefore include what is
         | effectively a more expensive processor in their systems for the
         | same price, and 3) their engineering team is as good as
         | AMD/Intel. Note that the first two have more to do with
         | economics rather than engineering.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | forgotmyoldacc wrote:
         | Apple isn't an OEM? They don't sell products that are marketed
         | by another company.
        
       | xyst wrote:
       | "M1 Ultra Pro Max", wen?
       | 
       | Naming scheme aside, this is great!
        
       | iskander wrote:
       | So little memory?
       | 
       | The now outdated Mac Pro goes up to 1.5TB, only 128GB available
       | here.
        
         | masklinn wrote:
         | Their design is basically gated by the number of memory
         | controllers: 1MC tops out at 16GB (M1), 2MCs for 32 (Pro), 4
         | MCs for 64 (Max), and I guess 8 MCs for 128 (Ultra which is
         | apparently two Maxes stapled together).
         | 
         | Hopefully the next gen will provide more capable and flexible
         | memory controllers, both so they can scale the top end for a
         | full Pro-scale offering, and so there is more memory
         | flexibility at the lower end e.g. the ability to get an M1 with
         | 32+GB RAM, or a Pro with 64+.
        
         | bengale wrote:
         | They mentioned the Mac Pro replacement is still to come.
        
       | Indioli wrote:
        
       | fulafel wrote:
       | "Apple's innovative packaging architecture that interconnects the
       | die of two M1 Max chips to create a system on a chip (SoC)"
       | 
       | Did they get their terminology confused? Later it says "By
       | connecting two M1 Max die with our UltraFusion packaging
       | architecture [...]" which also sounds like it's a MCM and not a
       | SoC.
        
       | crazypython wrote:
       | Intel 12th gen i9 is 11% better at single core and 42% slower at
       | multicore. https://www.cpu-monkey.com/en/compare_cpu-
       | intel_core_i9_1290...
       | 
       | For most non-parallel tasks, my guess is the Intel 12900K will
       | beat at performance.
       | 
       | Intel's next generation will have 50% more cores and beat this
       | chip at multithreading.
        
       | birthday wrote:
       | OK Microsoft, it's time to get started with Visual Studio ARM
       | support.
       | 
       | We need to be able to run it properly in a Windows ARM VM on the
       | M1 chips!
        
       | teilo wrote:
       | And overnight, Intel's Ice Lake is again way behind.
        
         | pjmlp wrote:
         | 80% of the desktop market and 100% of cloud deployments won't
         | care.
        
           | brailsafe wrote:
           | Would 80% of "the desktop market"--whatever that means--care
           | about Ice Lake to begin with, or any high end chip at all?
        
             | pjmlp wrote:
             | What they definitely won't care is Apple hardware at Apple
             | prices, specially outside first world countries.
        
               | brailsafe wrote:
               | Ya but they never have, and it seems a bit irrelevant in
               | the context of this particular product. I'd see that
               | being relevant if it was supposed to be a product with
               | extremely broad appeal, but it isn't that even _for_
               | first world countries.
        
               | pjmlp wrote:
               | It it relevant in the context that people keep
               | celebrating M1 as if Apple would take over the whole
               | computing world.
        
           | manquer wrote:
           | Desktop will care about noise of the fans.
           | 
           | Data centers are also pretty conscious of power consumption,
           | more power means more cooling infra required and higher
           | energy bill, while it is not the top priority it certainly is
           | a significant factor in decision making.
        
             | pjmlp wrote:
             | Buying M1 chips from Apple isn't happening.
        
               | manquer wrote:
               | Not chips, servers. Apple has sold those before.
        
           | fastball wrote:
           | I dunno, I think cloud is starting to think more and more
           | about power consumption of the chips used, where Apple
           | Silicon blows the competition out of the water.
        
             | pjmlp wrote:
             | Let us know when Apple starts a cloud business.
        
         | Thaxll wrote:
         | PC user don't pay 4k for a computer, on PC you can get 2x the
         | speed for 2x less the price.
        
           | samatman wrote:
           | Link me to the $2K computer that's twice as fast as the M1
           | Ultra. Take all the time you need.
        
             | squeaky-clean wrote:
             | > Take all the time you need
             | 
             | Check your replies in 10 years and I'll be able to list a
             | dozen ;P
             | 
             | But sarcasm aside yeah this chip looks insane.
        
               | Thaxll wrote:
               | It took less than 6month to have a faster amd / intel CPU
               | than the m1 back then, Apple charts are showing
               | performance / watt which for a desktop PC is kind of
               | irrelevant. In pure speed amd / intel are faster or will
               | be very soon.
               | 
               | For graphic card I don't try to argue because fps on Mac
               | are very inferior in games than a average modern card.
               | It's not even on the same league.
        
               | jamesy0ung wrote:
               | > For graphic card I don't try to argue because fps on
               | Mac are very inferior in games than a average modern
               | card. It's not even on the same league.
               | 
               | The M1 is as fast as the 1650. I'm getting great frame
               | rates at 1440P High on X-Plane
               | 
               | > It took less than 6month to have a faster amd / intel
               | CPU than the m1 back then, Apple charts are showing
               | performance / watt which for a desktop PC is kind of
               | irrelevant. In pure speed amd / intel are faster or will
               | be very soon.
               | 
               | Perf/Watt is very relevant. Electricity costs money and
               | you also want a cool room.
        
           | ishansharma wrote:
           | May I ask the $2000 desktop configuration with 2x the speed?
           | 
           | Of course Apple chips won't work well for gaming, but what
           | other benchmarks will this $2000 desktop win?
        
           | joshstrange wrote:
           | > PC user don't pay 4k for a computer
           | 
           | I'm almost certain that's not true, especially for machines
           | that would compete with the Studio
           | 
           | > on PC you can get 2x the speed for 2x less the price.
           | 
           | Citation needed. This hasn't been true for a long time as far
           | as I can tell.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | maronato wrote:
           | This hasn't been true since M1's release
        
             | Thaxll wrote:
             | A CPU like the 5900x is better than the m1 and cost 400$.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | I own one and it's worse because I had to go and read
               | random forum guides to learn about undervolting so
               | Windows would stop turning the fan on and off constantly.
        
               | yurishimo wrote:
               | That's one part of the equation though, not to mention
               | it's a desktop chip. I can get a laptop with an M1 Max
               | with hours of battery life running full tilt.
               | 
               | Your $400 CPU needs at least another $1000 in parts just
               | to boot (and those aren't even the parts you likely want
               | to pair with it).
               | 
               | Your cost comparison is silly. Nobody compares singular
               | CPUs to entire machines.
        
               | Thaxll wrote:
               | People seem to think that the M1 is the ubber thing in
               | term of performance which is not, it's great on many
               | aspect, especially termal / perf per watt etc ... but for
               | many it's a PC sitting bellow your desk it's less
               | relevant. For laptop it's a different story.
        
         | mhh__ wrote:
         | If you're going to be smug why not use a recent Intel chip?
        
         | adfgadfgaery wrote:
         | Ice Lake shipped in 2019. The current generation is Alder Lake,
         | which is slightly ahead of the M1 in single-threaded
         | performance according to most benchmarks.
        
           | teilo wrote:
           | My bad. I meant Alder Lake.
        
           | sharikous wrote:
           | And massively behind in terms of power consuption
        
             | adfgadfgaery wrote:
             | Yes, certainly. I don't think that's relevant in this case,
             | though. Why would anyone care if their workstation CPU
             | draws 60W or 200W? It's easy to cool in either case and the
             | power consumption is trivial.
             | 
             | M1 is clearly the best design on the market for mobile
             | devices and is merely _very good_ for desktops. Let 's keep
             | the enthusiasm realistic.
        
               | manquer wrote:
               | Higher power means more cooling, which usually means more
               | noise. A lot of people find value in quieter machines.
        
               | secondcoming wrote:
               | >Why would anyone care if their workstation CPU draws 60W
               | or 200W?
               | 
               | I care. I work from home and my main power sink is my
               | desktop. Considering the soaring energy prices these days
               | I really do care about what my usage is.
        
               | abletonlive wrote:
               | You say it's easy to cool but that's actually not the
               | case, for anybody that cares about noise. Any music
               | studio is going to happily take the 60W over 200W because
               | they record and monitor music and need the quietest
               | machine possible in the room.
               | 
               | Unsurprisingly, it's called Mac _Studio_ , as in music
               | studio, or art studio, or what have you studio, where
               | these things matter.
               | 
               | This is a machine aimed at content creators.
        
             | mhh__ wrote:
             | Its behind M1 but it's worth pointing out that Alder Lake
             | is not a power-hog on "normal" workloads i.e. gaming when
             | compared to it's other X86 competitors. It only starts
             | cooking itself on extremely heavy workloads.
        
       | didip wrote:
       | The power leveling in this chip's naming scheme can rival Dragon
       | Ball Z.
        
         | amne wrote:
         | How many CUDA cores? It's over ninethousaaaaa .. oh wait
         | nevermind!
        
         | Jetrel wrote:
         | I for one am holding out for the ULTRA GIGA chips.
        
         | willis936 wrote:
         | My first thought was "does it include an LSD subscription?".
        
         | ccwilson10 wrote:
         | I wish HN was like this more often
        
           | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
           | Be the comments you want to see in the HN
        
           | et-al wrote:
           | I don't.
           | 
           | There's already Reddit if you want to crack puns and farm
           | karma. Let's try to keep the signal:noise ratio higher here.
        
           | rpmisms wrote:
           | I appreciate that it's infrequent. Sure, it's fun to blow off
           | some steam and have a laugh, but that's fundamentally not
           | what this place is about. Confining it to Apple release
           | threads makes it more of a purge scenario.
        
           | technocratius wrote:
           | I really hope it won't. Let's cherish the high quality
           | comments of HN. Once this comment section becomes a karma-fed
           | race to the bottom driven by who can make the most memeable
           | jokes, it will never recover. Case in point: Reddit.
        
         | stjohnswarts wrote:
         | the M1-O9000
        
       | t_mann wrote:
       | Would be interesting to get more info on the neural engine. On
       | one hand, I find it fascinating that major manufacturers are now
       | putting neural architectures into mainstream hardware.
       | 
       | On the other hand I wonder what exactly it can do. To what degree
       | are you tied into a specific neural architecture (eg recurrent vs
       | convolutional), what APIs are available for training it, if it's
       | even meant to be used that way (not just by Apple-provided
       | featues lke FaceID)?
        
         | zitterbewegung wrote:
         | It's a general purpose accelerator. You have coremltools[1] to
         | convert your trained model into a format or you can make your
         | own using CreateML[2].
         | 
         | [1] https://coremltools.readme.io/docs
         | 
         | [2] https://developer.apple.com/machine-learning/create-ml/
        
         | zozbot234 wrote:
         | Typical "neural engines" are intended for real-time network
         | inference, not training. Training is highly parallel and
         | benefits more from GPU-like vector processing.
        
           | mlajtos wrote:
           | Apple is pushing for training & fine-tuning on the devices
           | too.
           | 
           | https://developer.apple.com/documentation/coreml/model_custo.
           | ..
        
         | slimsag wrote:
         | They're doing quite a lot of work here:
         | 
         | https://developer.apple.com/machine-learning/
         | 
         | https://developer.apple.com/machine-learning/create-ml/
         | 
         | https://developer.apple.com/documentation/createml
        
       | slmjkdbtl wrote:
       | Curious about the naming here, terms like "pro" "pro max" "max",
       | "ultra" (hopefully there's no "pro ultra" and "ultra max" in the
       | future) is very confusing and hard to know which one is more
       | powerful than which, or if it's a power-level relationship. Is
       | this on purpose or it's just bad naming? Is there example of good
       | naming for this kind of situation?
        
         | thfuran wrote:
         | As long as Asahi Linux is in good working order by the time the
         | M3 Plus Ultra: Max Quantum Pro releases, I'll get one despite
         | the name.
        
         | ip26 wrote:
         | It probably is on purpose. They all sound positive, full of
         | goodness and speeds and synergies for today's hip
         | intelligentsia ( _which could be you!_ ). You didn't settle for
         | a MacBook with a harvested midrange chip, no, that's a _pro_
         | under your fingertips. What does that mean? Doesn't matter, it
         | makes you feel good.
         | 
         | It works for them because most of their products have only one
         | or maybe two choices. It would never fly for white box sales,
         | but Apple is not in that market.
        
         | teaearlgraycold wrote:
         | I think the naming is based entirely around how the
         | announcement sentence lands in the keynote. So they've
         | optimized for "We're adding one last chip to the M1 family, and
         | it's gonna blow your mind... (M1 Ultra appears on screen)".
        
       | polyrand wrote:
       | I think the GPU claims are interesting. According to the graph's
       | footer, the M1 Ultra was compared to an RTX 3090. If the
       | performance/wattage claims are correct, I'm wondering if the Mac
       | Studio could become an "affordable" personal machine learning
       | workstation (which also won't make the electricity bill
       | skyrocket).
       | 
       | If Pytorch becomes stable and easy to use on Apple Silicon
       | [0][1], it could be an appealing choice.
       | 
       | [0]:
       | https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/47702#issuecomment...
       | [1]: https://nod.ai/pytorch-m1-max-gpu/
        
         | whoisburbansky wrote:
         | Cursory look gives you a ~$3500 price tag for a gaming PC with
         | a 3090 [1], vs. at least $4k for a Mac Studio with an M1 Ultra.
         | Roughly the same ballpark, but I wouldn't call the M1 Ultra
         | more affordable given those numbers.
         | 
         | 1. https://techguided.com/best-rtx-3090-gaming-
         | pc/#:~:text=With....
        
           | BugsJustFindMe wrote:
           | > _Cursory look gives you a ~$3500 price tag for a gaming PC
           | with a 3090_
           | 
           | That 3500 is for a DIY build. So, sure, you can always save
           | on labor and hassle, but prebuilt 3090 rigs commonly cost
           | over 4k. And if you don't want to buy from Amazon because of
           | their notorious history of mixing components from different
           | suppliers and reselling used returns, oof, good luck even
           | getting one.
        
             | zamalek wrote:
             | The 3090 claims are overstated. There are multiple
             | competitors in that space, and all of them need the TDP.
             | 
             | Performance per watt? I could see that being disrupted, but
             | an iGPU in 2022 will be orders of magnitude less powerful
             | than a dGPU, if wattage is ignored.
        
               | cma wrote:
               | They are still a year+ ahead of 3090 on process node. Max
               | was about equivalent to a 2080, so 2X max does line up
               | with a 3090. A big difference is no ray tracing hardware,
               | which takes up a lot of die space. Same process node and
               | no ray tracing hardware and nvidia would come in at far
               | less die space (3090 is 628.4 mm ^2, M1 ultra is
               | 850mm^2).
               | 
               | If Nvidia were on the same node and increased die space
               | to match M1 (ignoring the CPU portion of the die size),
               | they would then be able to run at a lower clock with more
               | compute units and probably match the TDP discrepancy.
               | 
               | An iGPU isn't necessarily slower if the system ram is
               | fast, and M1 was one of the first consumer CPUs to move
               | to DDR5. 3090 has 936.2 GB/s with GDDR6X, M1 Ultra with
               | DDR5 memory controllers on both dies gets 800GB/s.
        
             | udbhavs wrote:
             | And there is usually a premium for small form factor
             | prebuilts
        
             | airstrike wrote:
             | You mean I get to save _AND_ have fun building my own PC?
        
               | _joel wrote:
               | FSVO fun if you use Newegg
        
               | chrisweekly wrote:
               | FSVO: For Some Value Of
               | 
               | (I've been accused of overuse of acronyms, but that one's
               | rare!)
        
               | unicornfinder wrote:
               | Not to mention if you build your own PC you can upgrade
               | the parts as and when, unlike with the new Mac where
               | you'll eventually just be replacing the whole thing.
        
               | ricardobeat wrote:
               | Since the context here is using these machines for work,
               | a mid-level engineer will easily cost an extra $1000* in
               | his own time to put that together :)
               | 
               | EDIT: I'm quite confident this is not at all an
               | exaggeration. Unless you have put together PCs for a
               | living. $100/h (total employment cost, not just salary),
               | 1-2 hours of actual build & setup, 8 more hours of
               | speccing out parts, buying, taking delivery, installing
               | stuff and messing around with windows/Linux (I've
               | probably spent 40 hours+ in the past couple years just
               | fixing stuff in my windows _gaming_ pc. At least 1 of
               | those looking for a cabled keyboard so I could boot it up
               | the first time, ended up having a friend drive over with
               | his :D)
        
               | gtvwill wrote:
               | 1000 bucks for 45 mins work? Maybe 1.5hrs tops? I didn't
               | realise their wage was >500 an hour?
        
               | swiftcoder wrote:
               | It's a lot closer than you might think.
               | 
               | A senior engineer in the Bay can easily pull down
               | $400k/year in total comp, which is $200/hour. The rule of
               | thumb I've always heard is that a fully-loaded engineer
               | costs roughly 2x their comp in
               | taxes/insurance/facilities/etc.
               | 
               | When someone costs the company north of $3k/day, it's
               | cheaper all round to just plonk a brand new $6k MacBook
               | Pro on their desk if they have a hardware issue.
        
               | jtbayly wrote:
               | It would take me over 1.5 hours just to figure out what
               | parts I need to buy.
        
               | Normal_gaussian wrote:
               | To be fair here, there is more to it than just assembly.
               | 
               | You have to spec out the parts, ensuring compatibility.
               | Manage multiple orders and deliveries. Assemble it.
               | Install drivers/configuration specific packages.
               | 
               | All of these things are easier today than ten or twenty
               | years ago - but assigning it to a random mid-level
               | engineer and I'd set my project management gamble on half
               | a day for the busiest, most focused engineers least
               | likely to take the time to fuss over specs, or one day
               | for the majority.
               | 
               | ofc. to get to $1000 for that they'd still have to be on
               | $230k to $460k.
        
               | rpmisms wrote:
               | PC part picker will do the heavy lifting for you. There
               | are also management tools that will let you install
               | software bundles easily, no real extra time investment.
        
               | asoneth wrote:
               | Just knowing about services like PC Part Picker and the
               | management tools you mention requires time and expertise
               | that people generally do not have before they build a
               | computer, so "no real extra time investment" may only be
               | true for someone who can amortize those upfront costs
               | across many builds.
               | 
               | In my case I have built a couple PCs before, but it was
               | so long ago that I'd have to re-learn which retailers are
               | trustworthy, what the new connection standards are these
               | days, etc. It's just not worth it to me to spend a dozen
               | hours learning, specing, ordering, assembling,
               | installing, configuring, etc to save a few hundred bucks.
        
               | fouc wrote:
               | Given that the last time I put together a PC computer was
               | 2006, it'd probably take me DAYS to spec out a machine
               | because of all the rabbit holes I'd be exploring, esp
               | with all the advances in computer tech.
        
               | momothereal wrote:
               | I believed that until I realized I couldn't individually
               | upgrade my CPU or RAM because I have a mobo with LGA1150
               | socket and only supports DDR3 (and it's only 6 years
               | old).
               | 
               | So eventually you still have to "replace everything" to
               | upgrade a PC.
        
               | mixedCase wrote:
               | AMD has never disappointed me in this regard.
        
               | doublepg23 wrote:
               | Zen 4 will being using a new socket, I wouldn't go buying
               | a Zen 3 with plans to upgrade the CPU down the road.
        
               | zamalek wrote:
               | 8 years isn't a bad run for a CPU socket.
        
               | arvinsim wrote:
               | This is already known for a long time already. You would
               | have to actively choose to not listen to AMD news to not
               | know.
        
               | doublepg23 wrote:
               | I understand just making sure no one jumps on Zen 3 now
               | with a promise of forwards compatibility.
        
               | Macha wrote:
               | You were unlucky to buy ddr3 near its end of life then
               | (like someone buying ddr4 now), but you could still
               | upgrade stuff like your GPU or drives independently. My
               | first SSD (a 240gb Samsung 840) is still in service after
               | 9 years with its smart metrics indicating only 50% of its
               | expected lifetime cycles have been used, for example.
               | 
               | You could also put a 4790k, 16gb of ddr3 and a modern gpu
               | in that system to get a perfectly functional gaming
               | system that will do most titles on 1080p high. Though
               | admittedly we've passed the point where that's
               | financially sensible vs upgrading to a 12400 or something
               | as both devil's canyon CPUs and ddr3 are climbing back up
               | in price as supplies diminish
        
               | perfopt wrote:
               | Right now not many DDR5 boards. In fact none for AMD
        
               | goosedragons wrote:
               | You can still buy DDR3 new for not that much? 16GB is
               | about $50 from numerous brands on Amazon at the moment. I
               | bought some for an old laptop a couple months ago.
               | 
               | To do CPU upgrades you eventually have to replace the
               | motherboard but you can keep using whatever your
               | GPU/storage/other parts is. Sometimes that also means a
               | RAM upgrade but it's still better than the literal
               | nothing of modern Macs.
        
               | fivea wrote:
               | > I believed that until I realized I couldn't
               | individually upgrade my CPU or RAM because I have a mobo
               | with LGA1150 socket and only supports DDR3 (and it's only
               | 6 years old).
               | 
               | DDR4 was released in 2014, which would suggest you
               | purchased your mobo two full years after DDR3 was already
               | deemed legacy technology and being phased out.
               | 
               | Also LGA1150 was succeeded by LGA1151 in 2015, which
               | means you bought your mobo one full year after it was
               | already legacy hardware.
        
               | momothereal wrote:
               | Yes, they entered the market around those years, but what
               | does that change? DDR3 and LGA1150 were not deemed
               | "legacy" the day DDR4 and LGA1151 motherboards entered
               | the market. They were 2-3x the price, and DDR3 dominated
               | RAM sales until at least 2017. In fact, the reason DDR4
               | took so long to enter the market was incompatibility with
               | existing hardware, and higher costs to upgrade. [1] I
               | didn't go out of my way to buy "legacy hardware" because
               | they weren't, at the time.
               | 
               | Point being, PC-building makes it easier to replace and
               | repair individual components, but in time, upgrading to
               | newer generations means spending over 50% of the original
               | cost on motherboard, CPU, PSU, RAM. Not too different
               | than dropping $3K on a new Mac.
               | 
               | [1] https://web.archive.org/web/20101219085440/http://www
               | .xbitla...
        
               | fivea wrote:
               | > Yes, they entered the market around those years, but
               | what does that change?
               | 
               | It means the hardware was purchased after it started to
               | be discontinued.
               | 
               | It's hardly a reasonable take, and makes little sense, to
               | complain how you can't upgrade hardware that was already
               | being discontinued before you bought it.
               | 
               | > DDR3 and LGA1150 were not deemed "legacy" the day DDR4
               | and LGA1151 motherboards entered the market.
               | 
               | I googled for LGA1150 before I posted the message, and
               | one of the first search results is a post on Linux tech
               | tips dating way back to 2015 on whether LGA1150 was
               | already dead.
               | 
               | And you purchased the Mobo one year after that.
        
               | momothereal wrote:
               | I think you are forgetting the context of my replies. I'm
               | not saying it's unreasonable to have to upgrade
               | discontinued hardware, even if you have to do it all at
               | once. My take is that it's not too different from having
               | to replace a Mac when the new generation comes in (which
               | is usually every ~5 years for Apple, not too far from my
               | own system's lifetime). Being able to upgrade individual
               | parts through generations is a pipe dream.
               | 
               | Also, we must have a different interpretation of
               | "discontinued", because DDR3 and LGA1150 were still
               | produced, sold, and dominated sales for way long after I
               | bought that system. At the time (and for the next 1-2
               | years), consumer DDR4 was a luxury component that most no
               | existing hardware supported.
        
             | sudosysgen wrote:
             | Prebuilt 3090 builds can often be found for less than the
             | cost of the corresponding parts.
        
             | freemint wrote:
             | At MicroCenter you would be hard pressed to pay more then
             | $250 on their PC building service, you'll even get water
             | coling installed and tested for this price.
             | https://www.microcenter.com/site/service/instore-custom-
             | pc-b...
        
             | ProAm wrote:
             | I'm not being snarky but I dont believe Mac people would
             | know how to build a PC given their history of non-
             | modifiable hardware and no way to repair them.
        
           | hajile wrote:
           | I can't put a 3090 into a 3.5 liter case. Even a 10 liter
           | case is really pushing it. That's before mentioning power
           | savings. 3090 real world power when in use is something like
           | 4x as high.
        
           | vimy wrote:
           | You also need to compare the right cpu. M1 Ultra cpu is the
           | equivalent of the fastest threadripper. Which costs $3990. So
           | a pc with similar performance would be $7500
        
             | cyber_kinetist wrote:
             | Not the top-of-the-line threadripper (which can go up to
             | 32c/64t), but probably similar to the 5950x (16c/32t),
             | which costs like 1000$.
             | 
             | But you're comparing apples to oranges, because the real
             | advantage of M1 chips is the unified memory - almost no
             | CPU-GPU communication overhead, and that the GPU can use
             | ginormous amounts of memory.
        
               | GekkePrutser wrote:
               | A threadripper also has many more PCIe lanes than a
               | Ryzen. It's a bit of a different usecase I think although
               | there's overlap.
        
           | gjsman-1000 wrote:
           | They are also absolutely massive and probably much more
           | expensive long-term because of the massively increased
           | electricity usage.
        
             | kllrnohj wrote:
             | Unless you're running a farm of these, the power cost
             | differences is going to be largely unnoticeable. Like even
             | in a country with very expensive power, you're talking a
             | ~$0.10/USD per hour premium to have a 3090 at full bore.
             | And that's assuming the M1 Ultra manages to achieve the
             | same performance as the 3090, which is going to be
             | extremely workload dependent going off of the existing M1
             | GPU results.
        
           | FridgeSeal wrote:
           | Hahaha good luck getting your hands on a 30xx series card
           | though.
           | 
           | Here in Australia, 3090's go for close to 3k on their own.
        
             | Nursie wrote:
             | I'm seeing 3080s, in stock in stores I might consider
             | buying from, sub-1800 AUD. It is heading back towards RRP
             | (still about 50% over I guess). 3090s are twice that, yep.
        
             | dmz73 wrote:
             | And cheapest Mac Studio with M1 ultra is A$6000 so yes....
             | 
             | 20-Core CPU 48-Core GPU 32-Core Neural Engine
             | 64GB unified memory         1TB SSD storage1         Front:
             | Two Thunderbolt 4 ports, one SDXC card slot         Back:
             | Four Thunderbolt 4 ports, two USB-A ports, one HDMI port,
             | one 10Gb Ethernet port, one 3.5-mm headphone jack
             | 
             | A$6,099.00
        
             | IndrekR wrote:
             | I can right now (ok, in the morning actually) walk into a
             | computer store across the road here and buy 3090 off the
             | shelf for 2299..2499EUR (different makes and models). Those
             | are in stock and physically on the shelf. Same for lesser
             | cards of same series or AMD RX6000.
        
               | Domenic_S wrote:
               | Those are scalper prices. Anyone can get a 3090 tomorrow
               | for that price.
        
               | KerrAvon wrote:
               | Yeah, they can fuck right off with those prices.
               | Ethereum's proof of stake switch can't come too soon.
        
             | gambiting wrote:
             | Here in UK it's not a big deal. Subscribe to discord alerts
             | for FE series drops, last 3090FE drop in February the cards
             | were in stock for a full day, at RRP(PS1399). I got a 3080
             | drop at RRP this way too(PS649).
             | 
             | But even ignoring the FE series, the prices have already
             | crashed massively, you can get a 3080 AIB for less than
             | PS1000, and 3090s frequently appear around PS1500-1600.
        
             | sorry_outta_gas wrote:
             | We've been buying tons of 3090s at work for about 1.6 USD-
             | 2k USD without to much trouble
        
               | nightfly wrote:
               | > tons
        
               | 1123581321 wrote:
               | Hey, at 5lbs each a ton is only 400 cards!
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | arvinsim wrote:
             | Don't know about Australia but in my area(Asia) the prices
             | are now going back near MSRP.
        
             | bastardoperator wrote:
             | I bought two on ebay no problem
        
         | gameswithgo wrote:
         | GPU claims at carefully chosen tasks that don't need GDDR6 to
         | get top performance. It wouldn't game like a 3090 for instance,
         | but then not many people are gaming on macs anyway.
        
         | upbeat_general wrote:
         | I'm very skeptical of this because until the CUDA strangehold
         | is gone, it will be a pain to develop on. Even if the
         | frameworks themselves support M1's GPU, there are still lots
         | and lots of CUDA kernels that won't run.
         | 
         | I really hope I'm wrong (as someone who owns an M1 Pro chip)
         | but I find it hard to imagine things changing significantly in
         | the next ~2 years unless someone is able (legally and
         | technically) to release a CUDA compatibility layer.
        
         | rasz wrote:
         | Apple loves to compare incomparable stuff. G5 the "world's
         | fastest personal computer" etc. Its easy to claim GPU
         | performance when you dont support modern OpenGL nor Vulcan so
         | nobody can just run modern games and verify and you end up with
         | "relative performance" graph whatever that means.
        
         | metalliqaz wrote:
         | I know Nvidia has never really care much about TDP, but this
         | still seems unbelievable to me. How could a relatively new
         | design beat a 3090 with 200W less power, while having to share
         | a die with a CPU? It just doesn't seem possible.
        
           | schmuelio wrote:
           | Unless the M1 Ultra is actually magic I don't think it is
           | possible.
           | 
           | My guess is they're putting a lot of weight on the phrase
           | "relative power" and hoping you assume it means "relative to
           | each other" and not "relative to their previous generation"
           | (i.e. M1 Ultra -> M1 Max and RTX 3090 -> RTX 2080Ti) or
           | "relative to the stock power profile".
           | 
           | Put bluntly, if the M1 Ultra was capable of achieving
           | performance parity with an RTX 3090 for any GPU-style
           | benchmark then Nvidia (who are experts in making GPUs) would
           | have captured this additional performance. Bear in mind the
           | claim seems to be (on the surface) that the M1 Ultra is
           | achieving with 64 GPU cores and 800GB/s memory bandwidth what
           | the RTX 3090 is achieving with 10,496 GPU cores and 936.2GB/s
           | memory bandwidth.
        
         | TuringNYC wrote:
         | It shocks me how much payroll and cap-ex is spent on the M1 and
         | how little is invested in getting TensorFlow/Pytorch to work on
         | it. I could 10x my M1 purchases for our business if we could
         | reliably run TensorFlow on it. Seems pretty shortsighted.
         | 
         | The GPU claims wouldnt even need to be on parity with NVIDIA,
         | it would just need to offer a vertically integrated alternative
         | to having to use EC2.
        
           | hedgehog wrote:
           | Having beaten my head on this for a while (and shipped the
           | first reasonably complete ML framework that runs on Metal)
           | Apple's opinion as expressed by their priorities is that it's
           | just not important.
        
           | moflome wrote:
           | > reliably run TensorFlow
           | 
           | What reliability issues are you having with TensorFlow on M1
           | Macs?
        
             | TuringNYC wrote:
             | We've followed five different instructional and
             | documentation pages to make it happen and none seem to
             | consistently install. Throw in a corporate system where you
             | need IT for root access to make changes and it is game
             | over. So i've got an M1-max fully loaded and cant get TF
             | running on it.
             | 
             | Now i've got a team of data scientists in a fully MBP shop
             | and we're holding off upgrades to M1 until this all gets
             | resolved.
             | 
             | On my personal M1, I managed to make it work, but its hard
             | to know the layers of changes made and what exactly allowed
             | it to work.
        
               | fouc wrote:
               | Could be worth tracking what you did and make a new set
               | of instructions, and trying to reproduce with a fresh
               | install.
        
               | freemint wrote:
               | This is something Apple should pay people for.
        
               | hedgehog wrote:
               | Deep learning support for Mac is not going to happen at a
               | level of quality you can rely on for research & dev work
               | (like PyTorch + TensorFlow). The underlying problem is no
               | big company cares about Mac platform and the work to
               | maintain framework support for a specific piece of
               | hardware is way beyond a hobby project. If you want your
               | own on-prem hardware just buy Nvidia.
        
               | zamalek wrote:
               | You can get off this GPU circus and simply go with
               | purpose-built AI solutions.
               | 
               | You can buy single tensor accelerators from Google:
               | https://www.coral.ai/products/
               | 
               | You can buy a bunch of those integrated into a single
               | PCI-E card. https://iot.asus.com/products/AI-
               | accelerator/AI-Accelerator-...
               | 
               | Cheap too. Some of these work with Mac. More of them work
               | for PC, because the hardware interface is outside of
               | Apple's thin vertical slice/garden.
        
         | alasdair_ wrote:
         | Note the label on the y-axis. "relative performance" from
         | "0-200" seems like marketing bullshit to me.
         | 
         | "M1 Ultra has a 64-core GPU, delivering faster performance than
         | the highest-end PC GPU available, while using 200 fewer watts
         | of power."
         | 
         | Note that they say "faster performance" not "more performance".
         | What does "faster" mean? Who knows!
        
           | fomine3 wrote:
           | Anyway any benchmark from first party should be taken with a
           | mountain of salt.
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | I have heard this argument before, if it's identical
           | workloads you get faster output but the same total work. Thus
           | "faster performance" seems correct for fixed workloads and
           | "more performance" is correct on games or benchmarks where
           | you get more FPS.
           | 
           | I still think "faster performance" sounds sound odd, but I
           | understand their point.
        
         | savant_penguin wrote:
         | And hopefully not make you deaf with their buzzing fans
        
         | kllrnohj wrote:
         | The GPU claims on the M1 Pro & Max were, let's say, cherry
         | picked to put it nicely. The M1 Ultra claims already look
         | suspicious since the GPU graph tops out at ~120W & the CPU
         | graph tops out at ~60W yet the M1 Studio is rated for 370W
         | continuous power draw.
         | 
         | Since you mention ML specifically, looking at some benchmarks
         | out there (like https://tlkh.dev/benchmarking-the-
         | apple-m1-max#heading-gpu &
         | https://wandb.ai/tcapelle/apple_m1_pro/reports/Deep-Learning...
         | ), even if the M1 Ultra is 2x the performance of the M1 Max (so
         | perfect scaling), it would still be _far_ behind the 3090. Like
         | completely different ballpark behind. But of course there is
         | that price  & power gap, but the primary strength of the M1
         | GPUs seems to really be from the essentially very large VRAM
         | amount. So if your working set doesn't fit in an RTX GPU of
         | your desired budget, then the M1 is a good option. If, however,
         | you're not VRAM limited, then Nvidia still offers far more
         | performance.
         | 
         | Well, assuming you can actually buy any of these, anyway. The
         | M1 Ultra might win "by default" by simply being purchasable at
         | all unlike pretty much every other GPU :/
        
           | 64bittechie wrote:
        
           | trodrigues wrote:
           | > Well, assuming you can actually buy any of these, anyway.
           | The M1 Ultra might win "by default" by simply being
           | purchasable at all unlike pretty much every other GPU :/
           | 
           | Can we stop it with the meme that these GPUs are
           | unobtainable? Yes, they are still overpriced compared to
           | their supposed original prices and they'll likely never
           | return to that price given that the base prices of
           | manufacturing, materials and such have increased for multiple
           | reasons.
           | 
           | But stock has been generally available for many months now
           | and it's possible to get them as long as you can afford them.
        
           | Melatonic wrote:
           | I am sure it has great GPU performance for what it is but
           | comparing it to a top Nvidia chip just seems ridiculous on
           | Apples part. Apple I think is going to have trouble
           | conquering back the semi pro workstation market they
           | abandoned not that many years ago if they do not start
           | offering M1 chips along with Nvidia GPUs.
           | 
           | Once again we get a Mac Semi-Pro Mini (seems like the Studio
           | is more like a replacement for the Trashcan) that their
           | marketing implies is maybe as good as a Mac Pro but is
           | obviously not. It does look a lot better this time around -
           | at least it has more ports :-D
        
             | scarface74 wrote:
             | Just a note: they explicitly said the Mac Pro is coming.
        
           | oneplane wrote:
           | Yeah, there are a lot more parameters here than just 'there
           | are two chips and one is the bestestst', like the
           | availability you pointed out.
           | 
           | There is raw performance, but there is also performance per
           | watt, availability and scalability (which is both good and
           | bad - M1 is available, but there is no M1 Ultra cloud
           | available). If you want a multi-use setup, an RTX makes more
           | sense than most other options, if you can get one and at a
           | reasonable price. If you want a Mac, the M1U is going to give
           | you the best GPU. In pretty much all other setups there are
           | so many other variables it's hard to recommend anything.
        
             | kllrnohj wrote:
             | For the market this is aimed at, performance per watt is
             | really irrelevant. Performance per dollar or just outright
             | performance are _far_ more important the vast majority of
             | the time. That 's how we ended up with 125w+ CPUs and 300w
             | GPUs in the first place.
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | > performance per watt is really irrelevant.
               | 
               | Watts are dollars that you'll continue spending over the
               | system life. It matters because you can only draw so many
               | amps per rack and there will be a point when, in order to
               | get more capacity, you'll need to build another
               | datacenter.
        
               | manigandham wrote:
               | The market is not data center use.
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | You'll still spend another Mac Studio on energy in order
               | to run a comparable PC for the next five years. To say
               | nothing about not wanting to be in the same room as its
               | fans.
        
               | oneplane wrote:
               | There are dedicated ML cards from Nvidia for that, far
               | most powerful than a 3090, so that is indeed true. But
               | PPW is never irrelevant when someone is doing things at
               | scale, so the question becomes: who is doing this for
               | money but somehow not at scale?
        
               | blitzar wrote:
               | The cost of powering my 3090 for a year is now more than
               | the cost (RRP) of a 3090.
        
               | kllrnohj wrote:
               | Where do you live that power is anywhere close to that
               | expensive? And are you overclocking your 3090?
               | 
               | Even assuming literal 24hr/day usage at a higher,
               | "factory overclocked" 450w sustained, at a fairly high
               | $0.30/kWh that's $1200/yr. Less than half the retail
               | price of a 3090. And you can easily drop the power limit
               | slider on a 3090 to take it down to 300-350w, likely
               | without significantly impacting your workload
               | performance. Not to mention in most countries the power
               | cost is much less than $0.30/kWh.
               | 
               | At a more "realistic" 8 hours a day with local power
               | pricing I'd have to run my 3090 for nearly 10 years just
               | to reach the $2000 upgrade price an M1 Ultra costs over
               | the base model M1 Max.
        
               | emteycz wrote:
               | Wholesale electricity price in some EU states is
               | EUR550/MWh today. Most EU states are above EUR250/MWh.
        
               | kayoone wrote:
               | prices in Europe right now are considerably higher than
               | $0.30/kWh
        
               | kllrnohj wrote:
               | It seems safe to say prices _right now_ are not the norm
               | due to, you know, that whole war thing going on that is
               | impacting one of the EU 's primary power supplies. The
               | 2021 EU average was otherwise $0.22/kWh.
        
               | kayoone wrote:
               | yeah but let's how fast we have those "normal" prices
               | again, maybe this is the new normal, who knows.
        
               | GekkePrutser wrote:
               | But do you really run it all year round?
        
               | kllrnohj wrote:
               | These aren't rack mount products aimed at cloud
               | providers, they are essentially mini workstations. What
               | are you calling "at scale" for this? You're basically
               | always pairing one of these machines to one physical
               | person sitting at it whose time is being paid for as well
               | (even for a solo creator, time is still money). It's a
               | terrible tradeoff to save pennies per hour on power to
               | turn around and pay the person dollars more per hour
               | waiting on results.
        
             | fomine3 wrote:
             | Note that Geforce RTX on cloud is prohibited by Nvidia.
        
               | oneplane wrote:
               | Yep, that's true. You have to use the DC SKUs which
               | (IIRC) aren't the same silicon either. Worse: some of the
               | server SKUs are restricted for market segmentation where
               | your ML and hashing performance is bad but video is good
               | (and the other way around).
               | 
               | The silly thing about it is that most of the special
               | engines can now be flashed into an FPGA which is becoming
               | more common in the big clouds so special offload engines
               | aren't that big of a deal when they are missing. So in
               | some cases you can have your cake and eat it too; massive
               | parallel processing and specialised processing in the
               | same server box without resorting to special tricks (as
               | long as it's not suddenly getting blocked in future
               | software updates).
        
               | freemint wrote:
               | The part of the EULA which is supposed to enforce that is
               | not enforceable in Germany. It is complicated. There
               | might be other ways you can circumvent agreeing to the
               | EULA based on your location.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | How do they functionally do that? I googled and found
               | this?: https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/data-center/rtx-
               | server-gaming/
               | 
               | Honestly asking because I'm kind of out of the nvidia
               | loop at the moment.
        
               | fomine3 wrote:
               | They disallow such usage for "GeForce" by proprietary
               | driver's EULA, and they limit open source driver
               | performance (IIRC they require signed binary blob).
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | Technically: the driver detects if it is run in a
               | virtualization environment, it is _at least_ able to
               | detect KVM and VMware. On the upside, it 's relatively
               | easy to bypass the check.
               | 
               | Legally: I assume no cloud provider will assume the legal
               | risk of telling their customers "and here you have to
               | break the EULA of the NVIDIA driver in that way to use
               | the service". In Europe where the legal environment is
               | more focused on interoperability, this might not be as
               | much of a problem, but still it may be too much risk.
        
           | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
           | _> 370W continuous power draw._
           | 
           | Don't know if it's the same, these days, but when I was
           | designing electronic stuff, we were always told to spec the
           | power supply at twice the maximum draw.
        
           | geraldwhen wrote:
           | Gigabyte and strix 3090 are routinely in stock at Newegg.
           | Msrp. The shortage is over
        
             | kayoone wrote:
             | 3090 is still 2400 EUR in Germany, pretty sure that's not
             | MSRP
        
           | Tagbert wrote:
           | You are comparing the power source (370W) to the CPU/SOC
           | (120W). The power supply provides power for USB-C/Thunderbolt
           | ports and it's never a good idea to spec a power supply too
           | low and run it too close to capacity.
        
           | Sosh101 wrote:
           | > look suspicious since the GPU graph tops out at ~120W & the
           | CPU graph tops out at ~60W yet the M1 Studio is rated for
           | 370W continuous power draw.
           | 
           | Interested to know what you think a reasonable PSU would be
           | for A machine that was consuming close to 200W for
           | processing...
        
           | brigade wrote:
           | 100W of that is probably for the USB ports; afaik TB4 ports
           | are required to support 15W, and I don't think there's been a
           | Mac didn't support full power simultaneously across all
           | ports. (if that's even allowed?)
        
             | dingle_thunk wrote:
             | I suppose given that this is two M1 Max glued together,
             | assuming cooling is a solved problem, the max SOC power
             | consumption just twice as high as usual, plus interconnect
             | overhead. Right? Based on the thermal and power consumption
             | characteristics of previous chips I would not be surprised
             | if say ~120W is the max power draw of this thing.
             | 
             | edit: Of course the M1 max only shipped in laptops, so...
             | who knows.
        
               | masklinn wrote:
               | > assuming cooling is a solved problem
               | 
               | I'd assume that's what most of the chonk is about, no?
               | 
               | > Based on the thermal and power consumption
               | characteristics of previous chips I would not be
               | surprised if say ~120W is the max power draw of this
               | thing.
               | 
               | The Max could be brought up to 90W or so.
        
               | fnord123 wrote:
               | I wouldn't assume heat is solved as it's been Apples weak
               | point in the past. The cube would crack, g5 iMac's would
               | melt capacitors, MacBooks would burn users' laps.
        
               | scoopertrooper wrote:
               | Two thirds of the volume seems to be dedicated to
               | cooling. Assuming they're not complete idiots, they must
               | be doing something!
        
               | fnord123 wrote:
               | > Assuming they're not complete idiots
               | 
               | https://www.theverge.com/22967776/apple-magic-mouse-
               | charging...
        
               | Bud wrote:
               | Those issues were all almost 20 years ago.
               | 
               | If you think this is still a problem, you haven't used
               | any recent Macs. The current MB Air and MB Pro both run
               | _very_ cool even under prolonged heavy loads.
               | 
               | Apple's management of any and all heat issues has been
               | far better than any competitors for a while now.
        
               | fnord123 wrote:
               | The last intel macs run way too hot still. They get up
               | over 80dC. The 2014 ones would hard reboot when building
               | large Java projects.
        
               | hughrr wrote:
               | To be fair the current Dells do the same.
        
               | kllrnohj wrote:
               | > Apple's management of any and all heat issues has been
               | far better than any competitors for a while now.
               | 
               | Only if you define "for a while" as "since a year ago
               | with the introduction of the M1".
               | 
               | Apple refused to make a thicker laptop or one with better
               | ventilation to adequately cool the CPUs & GPUs they were
               | sticking in them. They were among if not the worst of
               | them all at handling the heat of the components they were
               | using. Until the M1 Pro & Max rolled around, anyway, and
               | suddenly they got thicker, with feet that raise it
               | farther off the desk, and absolutely massive amount of
               | vents all over 3 sides of the machine. Curious timing on
               | that...
        
               | kllrnohj wrote:
               | The M1 Max hits 100w in a laptop form factor with 'real'
               | workloads when hitting CPU and GPU simultaneously (or at
               | least not parasitic ones like prime95 & furmark). So this
               | is probably >200w, unless it's been power limited and
               | thus performs worse than 2x M1 Max's do anyway.
        
           | anaisbetts wrote:
           | At some point can we finally admit that Apple's GPU claims
           | just aren't....true? Like, every Apple keynote they put up
           | incredible performance claims, and every time people actually
           | get their hands on the product, it doesn't even come close to
           | holding water in any domain where GPU performance matters
           | (Game performance, ML training perf)
        
             | hirako2000 wrote:
             | even their graphs don't look legit. they look like what you
             | see in boxes of vitamins found on ransom websites. Got to
             | wait for independent benchmarks with well explained
             | scenarios. anything can run twice faster than anything with
             | some specific tweaks to the program that runs.
        
             | jaimex2 wrote:
             | I thought that would be a given by now.
             | 
             | Won't even get into that it can't run most things you'd
             | want that kind of hardware for.
        
             | threeseed wrote:
             | > GPU performance matters (Game performance, ML training
             | perf)
             | 
             | No one plays games on a Mac.
             | 
             | And it has nothing to do with GPU performance but rather
             | the fact that the audience simply isn't interested in
             | gaming on it and so there is no economic incentive to
             | target them.
             | 
             | So the GPU performance that matters to Mac users and is
             | relevant to Apple is not games but rather content creation,
             | production etc.
        
               | kllrnohj wrote:
               | M1's blender rendering performance also wasn't very good,
               | though. Assuming the scene was small enough to fit in the
               | smaller VRAM of competitive consumer GPUs anyway.
               | 
               | Video content creation specifically is where it mostly
               | achieves what the graphs indicate, and that's mostly a
               | "well yeah, video decoder ASICs are really efficient.
               | I'll take things we already knew for $100, Alex"
        
               | bsenftner wrote:
               | Unless you specifically configure Blender for GPU
               | rendering, it renders on the CPU(s).
        
               | tambourine_man wrote:
               | Blender didn't even run on metal until a few months ago.
               | It's on beta now and the performance has increased
               | substantially.
               | 
               | If the software is optimized, the graphics hold up fine.
        
               | zamalek wrote:
               | The other elephant in the room is OptiX. Are Apple
               | _seriously_ indicating that they can outperform that with
               | a iGPU?
        
               | the_af wrote:
               | > _No one plays games on a Mac._
               | 
               | My wife does (I play games on Linux).
               | 
               | I have friends who own Macs who reluctantly dual boot to
               | Windows just to play some games -- they would completely
               | ditch Windows if they could just play every game on Mac.
               | 
               | I see there are Mac games on Steam.
               | 
               | All of this points to the situation being more nuanced
               | than "no one plays games on Mac".
        
               | kingaillas wrote:
               | I interpret these sorts of statements to be short for "a
               | statistically insignificant number of people play games
               | on macos (or linux)" rather than the literal case where
               | as long as a single person does, it is false.
               | 
               | According to the steam hardware survey, Windows is 95%,
               | Macos is 4%, and Linux is 1%. And to dig deeper you'd
               | need to see what games that 5% of the non-Windows is
               | playing - are they simpler games that don't need graphics
               | acceleration (e.g. puzzle games, roguelikes, etc) or ones
               | that do?
               | 
               | My desktop is an Intel NUC running Ubuntu, and yeah I
               | play games on it. Slay the Spire, Spacechem, even some
               | older MMOs like DDO or LoTRO (which run but at 15-20 fps
               | since that system just has Intel Iris). I'm unable to
               | even start many others (e.g. Grim Dawn) due to not having
               | dedicated graphics.
               | 
               | So yeah it's nuanced but lots of games that need a
               | graphics card don't run or even display on that system.
               | 
               | That's why I have a windows gaming system too. I'm
               | realistic, the market just isn't there. I used to have a
               | Mac (dropped it in 2018) and if I still did I'd subscribe
               | to Geforce Now or just do console gaming.
        
               | jbluepolarbear wrote:
               | Grim Dawn is just poorly implemented. I have a Ryzen
               | 3700x with a 2070 super and Grim Dawn runs like crap.
        
               | crmd wrote:
               | You're right but i think there's an immensely valuable
               | lesson here for people who communicate with engineers as
               | part of their job: be mindful of casual precision
               | mistakes. "no one" and "a statistically insignificant
               | number of" are colloquial synonyms to civilians, but they
               | are black and white to engineers, especially software
               | people. They are the difference for example between a
               | safe code path and a edge case bug. In my experience,
               | people who use casual imprecision in technical
               | conversations are sometimes seen as inexperienced or not
               | fully understanding a problem, which may actually not be
               | the case. Learning to speak with precision without being
               | pedantic is an excellent soft skill that can be developed
               | over time.
        
               | airza wrote:
               | Huh? I know lots of people who play games on a mac.
        
           | joshspankit wrote:
           | Watching the keynote I was almost thinking that Nvidia missed
           | the boat when they chose not to sign whatever they had to to
           | make OSX drivers.
           | 
           | Thank you for recalibrating me to actual reality and not
           | Apple Reality (tm)
        
             | zdw wrote:
             | nVidia missed the boat in releasing a bunch of "replace the
             | whole laptop logic board" chips that died in the 2008-2012
             | timeframe and annoyed a whole host of OEMs:
             | 
             | https://www.techpowerup.com/64683/nvidia-admits-to-
             | selling-f...
             | 
             | Apple specifically: https://support.apple.com/en-
             | us/HT203254
        
               | wil421 wrote:
               | My 2011 MPB 15" suffered from the Nvidia GPU issue. It
               | was so bad my computer wouldn't boot properly and the
               | Apple Geniuses kept denying the claim because it couldn't
               | finish a test.
               | 
               | Anyway, it was still my longest lived Laptop. My Sony
               | VAIOs were great but I liked that Mac better.
        
               | fouc wrote:
               | I pulled the logic board out and baked it in the oven and
               | it lasted another 7 months before needing another bake.
               | By then I moved onto a newer macbook.
        
               | ja27 wrote:
               | By 2011 it was AMD(ATI) not Nvidia. I had one that failed
               | but Apple did the replacement for free.
        
               | JiNCMG wrote:
               | I am certain AMD like most responsible vendors (Seagate)
               | also worked with Apple to correct the issue. Nvidia's
               | issue was that it told all of the laptop vendors to just
               | deal with it. It's why they are hated by other vendors
               | and AMD/Intel worked hard to keep them from creating x86
               | cpus.
        
               | Symmetry wrote:
               | Nvidia switched to lead free solder while retaining the
               | same potting material. This led to a mismatch in thermal
               | expansion coefficients which caused strain with repeated
               | thermal cycles and eventually some of the solder bumps
               | just broke. You could use a toaster to melt the solder
               | again and reconnect them but that didn't fix the
               | underlying problem.
        
           | tyrfing wrote:
           | I'm confident the marketing oversells it, but it's likely
           | very good in comparison. 3090 is about 28B transistors on
           | Samsung 8nm, with some budgeted for raytracing. This is on
           | TSMC 5nm, a process with 3-4x the density, and the 114B
           | transistor count could potentially allow for similar GPU size
           | - although I'd wait for Locuza or someone to analyze it. It
           | should be very competitive in performance, and the winner by
           | far in perf/watt, at least until RDNA3 and Lovelace GPUs
           | release towards the end of the year.
        
           | hajile wrote:
           | A 16" macbook with an M1 only uses around 100w and that's
           | when maxing all the things. It runs at about 40w for CPU and
           | 60w for GPU. Based on those numbers, 120w seems totally
           | expected for two chips at the same frequency.
        
           | lmilcin wrote:
           | > The M1 Ultra claims already look suspicious since the GPU
           | graph tops out at ~120W & the CPU graph tops out at ~60W yet
           | the M1 Studio is rated for 370W continuous power draw.
           | 
           | And that is expected, a lot has to be reserved for USB
           | devices.
        
             | BolexNOLA wrote:
             | Yeah can't say I've ever seen a computer rated for the
             | exact amount it'll be drawn at. They have to leave room.
        
             | jsjohnst wrote:
             | SSD and those two large fans also use a fair amount of
             | power too.
        
               | kllrnohj wrote:
               | Those fans are unlikely to break 5w combined.
        
               | jsjohnst wrote:
               | Guess we will see once one is available to be tested, but
               | I doubt that's the case. I was guessing 5-8W each, but I
               | could be wrong of course.
        
               | kllrnohj wrote:
               | Most PC fans are 1-2w. Given the claims of "near silent",
               | I think it's plenty safe to say these are not 5,000+ RPM
               | rippers that are going to be in the 5-8W each range.
        
           | Macha wrote:
           | An M1 Ultra is $2000 incrementally over a M1 Max, so there is
           | no price gap, even with the inflated prices 3090s actually go
           | for today.
        
             | cpuguy83 wrote:
             | Wait, you can _get_ a 3090?
        
               | Macha wrote:
               | Yeah. They've been in stock for months here (though the
               | retailers are charging the inflated prices too), e.g.
               | https://www.computeruniverse.net/en/c/hardware-
               | components/nv...
        
               | BolexNOLA wrote:
               | I mean at that price...yeah it's "in stock" but it sure
               | as hell ain't available
        
               | jsjohnst wrote:
               | All of those listed are WAY above MSRP! MSRP is $1,499 in
               | the U.S. and PS1,399 in the U.K.
        
               | Macha wrote:
               | The question was if they were available, not if they were
               | available at MSRP (thanks downvoters, the comment even
               | called out the price was inflated...). My understanding
               | is that until recently in the US you basically had to buy
               | from scalpers as the stocks had none at any price unless
               | you stalked for restocks.
               | 
               | They're overpriced for sure, and that's the only reason
               | the M1U pricing looks equivalent rather than exorbitant
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | 3090 is literally the easiest card to get at RRP, at
               | least here in UK. Set up discord alerts, the FE cards
               | stay in stock for hours, the last one in February was in
               | stock for the entire day so anyone who wanted to buy one
               | at RRP(PS1399) could do so without any issue at all.
        
               | GekkePrutser wrote:
               | This.. The FE is in stock every month for RRP. The 3080Ti
               | too, I got mine that way.
        
               | kayoone wrote:
               | its still 2400 EUR in Germany for example.
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | I'm not sure who sells the FE cards in Germany actually.
               | I know it's LDLC in Netherlands, France and Spain.
               | 
               | edit: just found out - it's NBB:
               | 
               | https://www.notebooksbilliger.de/
               | 
               | There's probably a German discord somewhere to have alert
               | for drops.
        
             | kllrnohj wrote:
             | To be fair that $2000 also gets you +32GB RAM, +512GB
             | storage, and +10 CPU cores. It's not _just_ the GPU.
             | Although yeah you can definitely fit a 3090-equipped PC
             | into a $4k budget even with ebay pricing if pure GPU
             | performance is all you really want.
        
               | fivea wrote:
               | > To be fair that $2000 also gets you +32GB RAM, +512GB
               | storage, and +10 CPU cores.
               | 
               | Even though it's not an apples to apples comparison, keep
               | in mind that a 1x32GB DIMM sells for less than 150$, and
               | you can buy 1TB SSDs for less than 100$.
        
               | freemint wrote:
               | HBM2 is a tad more expensive, but yes.
        
               | kllrnohj wrote:
               | Apple doesn't use HBM2, so not really relevant
        
               | freemint wrote:
               | Correct my bad. GDDR6x is still more expensive then GDDR4
               | you get with Thread ripper.
        
               | kllrnohj wrote:
               | Apple isn't using GDDR6X, either, nor does threadripper
               | use GDDR4.
        
               | inkyoto wrote:
               | M1 Ultra is 64Gb extra, not 32.
               | 
               | > keep in mind that a 1x32GB DIMM sells for less than
               | 150$
               | 
               | Keep in mind that M1 Pro/Max/Ultra is LPDDR5 _6400_
               | (https://www.anandtech.com/show/17024/apple-m1-max-
               | performanc...) connected by a 512 bit memory controller.
               | 
               | Whereas is a kit of 2x 32 GB LPDDR5 _4800_ (I could not
               | easily locate a quote for 1x 64Gb LPDDR5 4800 DIMM, leave
               | alone 6400) retails for USD 548
               | (https://www.newegg.com/crucial-64gb-288-pin-
               | ddr5-sdram/p/N82...).
               | 
               | I could not locate a reliable source on the type of the
               | SSD employed in M1 Pro/Max/Ultra, so I will refrain from
               | remarking on the comparison.
        
               | jsjohnst wrote:
               | I remember a slide mentioning I think "up to 7.4gb/sec
               | SSD read/write speed" or similar, which drastically
               | reduces the pool of comparison SSDs. Intel Optane meets
               | those specs, as do a few other brands I hadn't heard of
               | previously. In the later case, a 2TB version seemed to be
               | $350-400. Take this for what it's worth, but SSD is going
               | to be more than $100 extra cost imho.
        
               | kllrnohj wrote:
               | That's pretty much the speed that Samsung advertises for
               | the 980 Pro: https://www.samsung.com/us/computing/memory-
               | storage/solid-st...
               | 
               | And what WD advertises for the Black SN850:
               | https://www.westerndigital.com/products/internal-
               | drives/wd-b...
               | 
               | And what Seagate advertises for the FireCuda 530:
               | https://www.seagate.com/products/gaming-drives/pc-
               | gaming/fir...
               | 
               | And what Gigabyte advertises for the Gen4 7000s:
               | https://www.gigabyte.com/Solid-State-Drive/AORUS-
               | Gen4-7000s-...
               | 
               | etc...
               | 
               | They aren't $100 for 1TB, no, but a lot of them are
               | around $150. Which would be a lot less than +$100 to go
               | from 512GB to 1TB, too. It's $40 to go from the 500GB
               | SN850 to the 1TB SN850, for example.
        
               | jsjohnst wrote:
               | I checked the first two and it's 7,000 read / 5,000
               | write. Pretty sure Apple said read AND write, which would
               | be a lot faster than those. I might go back and rewatch
               | the keynote, but I still thinking we are arguing
               | pointlessly as Apple has always overcharged for SSD and
               | RAM upgrades vs the price you'd pay elsewhere. Thanks for
               | the DV though even when what I stated was right! ;)
        
               | Macha wrote:
               | It achieves this speed by not insisting on flushing to
               | disk when requested:
               | https://nitter.net/marcan42/status/1494213855387734019
               | 
               | When configured to ensure data integrity in the case of
               | power loss (more important in this new M1 Studio machine
               | unless it comes with integrated battery), then it's a lot
               | worse.
        
           | apohn wrote:
           | The 3090 also can do fp16 and the M1 series only supports
           | fp32, so the M1 series of chips basically needs more RAM for
           | the same batch sizes. So it isn't an Oranges to Oranges
           | comparison.
           | 
           | Back when that M1 MAX vs 3090 blog post was released, I ran
           | those same tests on the M1 Pro (16GB), Google Colab Pro, and
           | free GPUs (RTX4000, RTX5000) on the Paperspace Pro plan.
           | 
           | To make a long story short, I don't think buying any M1 chip
           | make senses if your primary purpose is Deep Learning. If you
           | are just learning or playing around with DL, Colab Pro and
           | the M1 Max provide similar performance. But Colab Pro is
           | ~$10/month, and upgrading any laptop to M1-Max is at least
           | $600.
           | 
           | The "free" RTX5000 on Paperspace Pro (~$8 month) is much
           | faster (especially with fp16 and XLA) than M1 Max and Colab
           | Pro, albeit the RTX5000 isn't always available. The free
           | RTX4000 is also a faster than M1 Max, albeit you need to use
           | smaller batch sizes due to 8GB of VRAM.
           | 
           | If you assume that M1-Ultra doubles the performance of M1-Max
           | in similar fashion to how the M1-Max seems to double the gpu
           | performance of the M1-Pro, it still doesn't make sense from a
           | cost perspective. If you are a serious DL practitioner,
           | putting that money towards cloud resources or a 3090 makes a
           | lot more sense than buying the M1-Ultra.
        
             | mehmetoguzderin wrote:
             | > The 3090 also can do fp16 and the M1 series only supports
             | fp32
             | 
             | Apple Silicon (including base M1) actually has great FP16
             | support at the hardware level, including conversions. So it
             | is wrong to say it only supports FP32.
        
               | oneplane wrote:
               | I'm not sure if he was talking about the ML engine, the
               | ARM cores, the microcode, the library or the OS. But it
               | does indeed have FP16 in the Arm cores.
        
               | inkyoto wrote:
               | FP16 is supported in M1 GPU's and Neural Engines through
               | the CoreML framework. From
               | https://coremltools.readme.io/docs/typed-execution :
               | 
               | > The Core ML runtime dynamically partitions the network
               | graph into sections for the Apple Neural Engine (ANE),
               | GPU, and CPU, and each unit executes its section of the
               | network using its native type to maximize its performance
               | and the model's overall performance. _The GPU and ANE use
               | float 16 precision, and the CPU uses float 32_.
               | 
               | Also, this exploration (https://tlkh.dev/benchmarking-
               | the-apple-m1-max#heading-neura...) reports the 5.1-5.3
               | TFLOPS FP16 ballpark performance.
        
               | apohn wrote:
               | I should have been more clear. I didn't mean the
               | hardware, but the speedup you get from using mixed
               | precision in something like Tensorflow with an NVIDIA
               | GPU.
        
               | apohn wrote:
               | Thanks. At least when I ran the benchmarks with
               | Tensorflow, using mixed precision resulted in the CPU
               | being used for training instead of the GPU on the M1 Pro.
               | So if the hardware is there for fp16 and they will
               | implement the software support for DL frameworks, that
               | will be great.
        
               | mehmetoguzderin wrote:
               | Yes, unfortunately, the software is to blame for the time
               | being, and I also ran into issues myself. :\ Hope they
               | catch up to what the hardware delivers well, including
               | both the GPU and the Neural Engine.
        
         | Koshkin wrote:
         | For some definitions of "affordable."
        
         | forgotmyoldacc wrote:
         | Neural Engine cores are not accessible for third party
         | developers, so it'll be severely constrained for practical
         | purposes. Currently the M1 Max is no match for even last
         | generation mid-tier Nvidia GPU.
        
           | dev_tty01 wrote:
           | Huh? Neural engine is certainly usable by developers. You
           | just use the CoreML framework.
        
           | viktorcode wrote:
           | They are accessible to third party developers, only they have
           | to use CoreML.
        
             | komuher wrote:
             | xD
        
         | izacus wrote:
         | The GPU claims for M1 Pro and M1 Max were wildly above their
         | actual performance in real life (as opposed to CPU performance)
         | so maybe don't put all that much faith in Apple marketing here
         | either.
        
         | hyperpallium2 wrote:
         | Doesn't "electricity bill" dominate server/DL/nining datacenter
         | workload costs these days - so perf/W is what really counts?
         | The long-prophecised ARM apocalypse may finally be at hand.
        
         | LegitShady wrote:
         | I always take such claims with a grain of salt anyways. It
         | usualy on one specific benchmark. I wait for better benchmarks
         | always instead of trusting the marketing
        
           | pathartl wrote:
           | Even if their claims are accurate, it usually has the
           | asterisk of *Only with Apple Metal 2. I honestly cannot
           | understand why Apple decided they needed to write their own
           | graphics API when the rest of the world is working hard to
           | get away from the biggest proprietary graphics API.
        
             | saagarjha wrote:
             | Because when they wrote the API no real standard existed to
             | suit their needs.
        
               | pathartl wrote:
               | Yes, and instead of writing an open standard or adapting
               | Vulkan when it came around, they instead decided to
               | double down on proprietary and moved to Metal 2.
        
             | GekkePrutser wrote:
             | Because vendor lock-in and full control over their APIs
             | which has always been an apple staple but especially now.
             | 
             | 5-10 years ago they were still serious about open
             | standards, like OpenCL.. Now it's all locked in.
        
         | sytelus wrote:
         | The most important detail here is 128GB ram for GPU
         | computation! This allows to train monster models, ex 1B params
         | GPT series, on single M1 Ultra. This is quite unprecedented.
         | Unfortunately, it is also about 3.5x _slower_ than 3090.
        
       | moralestapia wrote:
       | RIP Intel
        
         | MangoCoffee wrote:
         | not yet. Intel Alder lake have mostly positive reviews.
        
       | cube2222 wrote:
       | Looks like all the people saying "just start fusing those M1
       | CPU's into bigger ones" were right, that's basically what they
       | did here (fused two M1 Max'es together).
       | 
       | And since the presenter mentioned the Mac Pro would come on
       | another day, I wonder if they'll just do 4x M1 Max for that.
        
         | iSnow wrote:
         | >I wonder if they'll just do 4x M1 Max for that.
         | 
         | They'll be running out of names for that thing. M1 Ultra II
         | would be lame, so M1 Extreme? M1 Steve?
        
           | BurningFrog wrote:
           | "M1 More", would show Apple is fun again!
        
           | tiernano wrote:
           | M1 Max Pro... :P
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | "iPhone 14 Pro Max, powered by the M1 Max Pro".
        
           | bee_rider wrote:
           | It seems kind of strange to have the "A" line go from
           | smartphones to... iPads, and then have the "M" line go all
           | the way from thin-and-lights proper workstations. Maybe they
           | need a new letter. Call it the C1 -- "C" for compute, but
           | also for Cupertino.
        
           | gordon_freeman wrote:
           | M1 Hyper or M1 Ludicrous:)
        
             | jazzyjackson wrote:
             | M1 Houndstooth
        
             | bacro wrote:
             | M1 God
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | Plus Ultra would at have historical precedent.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | > M1 Steve
           | 
           | That would be the funniest thing Apple has done in years. I
           | totally support the idea.
        
             | Isamu wrote:
             | Pro < Max < Ultra < Ne Plus Ultra < Steve
        
               | jhgb wrote:
               | And Steve < Woz, perhaps?
        
           | sdenton4 wrote:
           | Just need to increment the 1 instead... Eventually moving
           | into using letters instead of numbers, until we end up with
           | the MK-ULTRA chip.
        
             | Roboprog wrote:
             | I suspect they will have a different naming convention
             | after they get to M4.
             | 
             | There might be some hesitance installing an M5. You should
             | stay out of the way if the machine learning core needs more
             | power.
             | 
             | I guess by the time they get to M5, anyone old enough to
             | get the reference will have retired.
        
             | jckahn wrote:
             | That would really be a trip!
        
           | NoSorryCannot wrote:
           | M1 Magnum XL
        
             | ceva wrote:
             | Epic M1 fit good
        
           | concinds wrote:
           | I like "X1" way more than "M2 Extreme".
        
           | stretchwithme wrote:
           | I like M1 Steve, as it can honor two people.
        
           | rpmisms wrote:
           | Steve would be awesome, but a deal with Tesla to use "Plaid"
           | would be perfection.
        
             | KerrAvon wrote:
             | I would think they could just go to Mel Brooks instead of
             | dealing with Tesla.
        
             | TylerE wrote:
             | Never happen.
             | 
             | Elon is somewhat toxic these days...
        
           | bobsil1 wrote:
           | M1 Plaid
        
             | stdohm wrote:
             | lol, good one! I hope marketing sees this.
        
           | bacro wrote:
           | M1 Greta in 2030 (when it is "carbon neutral")
        
           | randomdata wrote:
           | iM1 Pro.
        
           | tsuru wrote:
           | I'm pretty sure all their messaging is preparing us for "M1
           | Outrageous"
        
             | chaosharmonic wrote:
             | Super M1 Turbo HD Remix
        
             | theyeenzbeanz wrote:
             | M1 Ludicrous the IV
        
               | gonzo wrote:
               | Maximum Plaid
        
           | mhb wrote:
           | Just get the guys who came up with the new name for the
           | iPhone SE working on it. Oh, wait.
        
         | MangoCoffee wrote:
         | its a chiplet design. whenever people ask what we going to do
         | after 1nm...well, we can combine two chips into one
        
         | ksec wrote:
         | >Looks like all the people saying "just start fusing those M1
         | CPU's into bigger ones" were right,
         | 
         | Well they were only correct that Apple managed to hide a whole
         | section of Die Image. ( Which is actually genius ) Otherwise it
         | wouldn't have made any sense.
         | 
         | Likely to be using CoWoS from TSMC [1] since the bandwidth
         | numbers fits. But needs further confirmation.
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikichip.org/wiki/tsmc/cowos
        
           | kodah wrote:
           | I've been using a Vega-M for some time which I think follows
           | this model. It's really great.
        
           | kalleboo wrote:
           | The interconnect area was already known from third-party die
           | photos of the M1 Max
           | https://twitter.com/vadimyuryev/status/1466526403331952644
        
             | ksec wrote:
             | They were not known when people keep rampling about the the
             | Mark Gurman report on "just start fusing those M1 CPU's
             | into bigger ones".
             | 
             | I wrote about it three months ago.
             | 
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29430817
        
         | kzrdude wrote:
         | Throwing more silicon at it, like this, sounds extremely
         | expensive or price-inefficient.
         | 
         | It's at least two separate chips combined together. That makes
         | more sense, mitigates the problem.
        
         | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
         | Right. Still riding gains from the node shrink and on package
         | memory.
         | 
         | Could AMD/Intel follow suit and package memory as an additional
         | layer of cache? I worry that we are being dazzled by the
         | performance at the cost of more integration and less freedom.
        
           | scns wrote:
           | The next CPU coming from AMD will be the 5800X3D with 96MB
           | cache. They stack 64MB L3 on top. Rumours say it comes out
           | 20th of April.
           | 
           | edit: typo + stacking + rumoured date
        
         | truculent wrote:
         | My guess would be an M1 Ultra with additional modular
         | expansions for specific purposes. I.e. instead of having a GPU,
         | you could add a tensor processing module if you need to do
         | machine learning, or a graphics processing chip for video
         | production, and so on.
        
         | zitterbewegung wrote:
         | They might have to have the unified memory more dense to get to
         | 1.5 TB max of RAM on the machine (also since this would be
         | originally shared with a GPU). Maybe they could stack the RAM
         | on the SoC or just get the RAM at a lower process node.
        
           | paulmd wrote:
           | The M1 Max/Ultra is already extremely dense design for that
           | approach, it's really almost as dense as you can make it.
           | There's packages stacked on top, and around, etc. I guess you
           | could put more memory on the backside but that's not going to
           | do more than double it, assuming it even has the pinout for
           | that (let's say you could run it in clamshell mode like GDDR,
           | no idea if that's actually possible, but just
           | hypothetically).
           | 
           | The thing is they're at 128GB which is way way far from
           | 1.5TB. You're not going to find a way to get 12x the memory
           | while still doing the embedded memory packages.
           | 
           | Maybe I'll be pleasantly surprised but it seems like they're
           | either going to switch to (R/LR)DIMMs for the Mac Pro or else
           | it's going to be a "down" generation. And to be fair that's
           | fine, they'll be making Intel Mac Pros for a while longer
           | (just like with the other product segments), they don't have
           | to have _every single_ metric be better, they can put out
           | something that only does 256GB or 512GB or whatever and that
           | would be fine for a lot of people.
        
             | my123 wrote:
             | > You're not going to find a way to get 12x the memory
             | while still doing the embedded memory packages.
             | 
             | https://www.anandtech.com/show/17058/samsung-announces-
             | lpddr...
             | 
             | > It's also possible to allow for 64GB memory modules of a
             | single package, which would correspond to 32 dies.
             | 
             | It is possible, and I guess that NVIDIA's Grace server CPU
             | will use those massive capacity LPDDR5X modules too.
             | 
             | The M1 Ultra has 8 memory packages today, and Apple could
             | also use 32-bit wide ones (instead of 64-bit) if they want
             | more chips.
        
             | MBCook wrote:
             | Do people really need 1.5 TB of _unified_ memory? If you
             | had 128 GB of unified memory and another pool of 1.5 TB or
             | whatever of "slower" memory (more like normal speed on the
             | Intel /AMD side) would that work?
             | 
             | You (or the OS or the chip) could page things in and out if
             | the unified memory. Treat unified memory as a MEGA L3
             | cache.
             | 
             | Depending on how it's done it may not be transparent if you
             | want the best performance. But would it work?
        
         | stjohnswarts wrote:
         | You don't just "fuse" two chips together willnilly. that was
         | designed in from the beginning for the architecture for future
         | implementation.
        
         | arvinsim wrote:
         | The CPU trend nowadays seem to be combining chiplets and having
         | performance and efficiency cores.
        
         | wilg wrote:
         | https://hypercritical.co/2021/05/21/images/city-of-chiplets....
        
         | kasperni wrote:
         | > I wonder if they'll just do 4x M1 Max for that.
         | 
         | Unlikely, M1 Ultra is the last chip in the M1 family according
         | to Apple [1].
         | 
         | "M1 Ultra completes the M1 family as the world's most powerful
         | and capable chip for a personal computer.""
         | 
         | [1] https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2022/03/apple-
         | unveils-m1-ultr...
        
           | johnmaguire wrote:
           | In a previous Apple press release[1] they said:
           | 
           | > The Mac is now one year into its two-year transition to
           | Apple silicon, and M1 Pro and M1 Max represent another huge
           | step forward. These are the most powerful and capable chips
           | Apple has ever created, and together with M1, they form a
           | family of chips that lead the industry in performance, custom
           | technologies, and power efficiency.
           | 
           | I think it is just as likely that they mean "completes the
           | family [as it stands today]" as they do "completes the family
           | [permanently]."
           | 
           | [1]
           | https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2021/10/introducing-m1-pro-
           | an...
           | 
           | edit: This comment around SoC code names is worth a look too:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30605713
        
           | paulmd wrote:
           | That doesn't necessarily rule out more powerful iterations
           | that also launch under the M1 Ultra branding though.
           | 
           | (edit: per a sibling comment, if the internals like IRQ only
           | really scale to 2 chiplets that pretty much would rule it out
           | though.)
        
             | Aaargh20318 wrote:
             | Probably not on the same design as the current M1 series,
             | at least not for the Mac Pro. The current x86 pro supports
             | up to 1.5TB of RAM. I don't think they will be able to
             | match that using a SoC with integrated RAM. There will
             | probably be a different CPU design for the Pro with an
             | external memory bus.
        
           | nicoburns wrote:
           | They also said that the Mac Pro is still yet to transition.
           | So they'll have to come up with something for that. My
           | suspicion is that it won't be M branded. Perhaps P1 for pro?
        
             | tiernano wrote:
             | I have been thinking about this, and one theory I came up
             | with was a switch chip between M1 Max chiplets... you have
             | 4 (or more?) M1 Maxes connected to the same switch chip...
             | it might add latency for some tasks but it would be one way
             | to scale without going to a new M2 processor... Then again,
             | M2 could come out in June at the WWDC, doubling everything
             | and adding 3 more ultra connect things to each M2 Max,
             | allowing unlimited (ish) upgradability... but, probably
             | not...
        
             | MBCook wrote:
             | It may be M branded, just not M1. It could be based on an
             | M2 Ultra or M2 Mega or whatever and what they said would
             | still hold true.
        
           | MuffinFlavored wrote:
           | What is M2 really going to be difference wise?
        
             | 1123581321 wrote:
             | ~15-20% faster if releases start this year, plus whatever
             | optimizations learned from M1 in wide release such as
             | perhaps tuning the silicon allocation given the various
             | system. If next year, M2 or M3 (get it) will use Taiwan
             | Semi's so-called 3nm, which should be a significant jump
             | just like 7-5nm several years ago for the phones and iPads.
        
               | masklinn wrote:
               | Hopefully one of the changes of the M2 design will be a
               | better decorrelation of RAM and cores count.
               | 
               | They'd need that anyway for a Mac Pro replacement (128GB
               | wouldn't cut it for everyone), but even for smaller
               | config it's frustrating being limited to 16G on the M1
               | and 32 on the Pro. Just because I need more RAM doesn't
               | mean I want the extra size and heat or whatever.
        
               | bouncing wrote:
               | For my purposes, the biggest drawback of using an SoC is
               | being constrained to just the unified memory.
               | 
               | Since I run a lot of memory intensive tasks but few CPU
               | or GPU bound tasks, a regular m1 with way more memory
               | would be ideal.
        
               | bpye wrote:
               | I doubt there will be much learned after actually
               | shipping M1. Developing silicon takes a long time. I
               | wouldn't be surprised if the design was more or less
               | fixed by the time the M1 released.
        
             | kccqzy wrote:
             | I think M2 is going to improve on single thread
             | performance.
             | 
             | Judging from the geekbench scores[0], M1, M1 Pro, and M1
             | Max perform identically in single threaded tasks. And the
             | newly leaked Mac Studio benchmark[1] shows essentially
             | identical single thread performance.
             | 
             | [0]: https://browser.geekbench.com/mac-benchmarks [1]:
             | https://browser.geekbench.com/v5/cpu/13330272
        
           | MaysonL wrote:
           | M2 family Mac Pro upcoming...
        
           | marcan_42 wrote:
           | I've been saying 4x M1 Max is not a thing and never will be a
           | thing ever since the week I got my M1 Max and saw that the
           | IRQ controller was only instantiated to support 2 dies, but
           | everyone kept parroting that nonsense the Bloomberg reporter
           | said about a 4-die version regardless...
           | 
           | Turns out I was right.
           | 
           | The Mac Pro chip will be a different thing/die.
        
             | bee_rider wrote:
             | Could they do a multi-socket board for the Mac Pro?
        
               | fomine3 wrote:
               | I expect this for CPU side. Multiple SoC introduces NUMA
               | but it's already done on Dual Xeon based Mac. I wonder
               | how their GPU work for the configuration.
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | In a world where latency:storage size tradeoffs need to
               | be made for practical reasons (and will, at some point,
               | be required for fundamental physical reasons), we should
               | just embrace NUMA anyway. Death to the lie of uniform
               | access! NUMA is the future!
               | 
               | Ehrm, anyway.
               | 
               | It actually isn't clear to me whether designing a two
               | socket motherboard is fundamentally an easier task than
               | jamming more of the things into a single package (given
               | that they have already embraced some sort of chiplette
               | paradigm).
        
               | fomine3 wrote:
               | I believe designing/manufacturing a 5nm chip only used
               | for Mac Pro can't be profitable. That's why they designed
               | M1 Ultra as MCM of M1 Max.
        
               | pathartl wrote:
               | They would never do that
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | The Mac Pro (and the high-end Powermacs that preceded it)
               | were always available in a dual socket incarnation, right
               | up to the trashcan Mac.
        
               | pathartl wrote:
               | The trashcan Mac Pro was announced almost 9 years ago.
               | Apple today is a very different company. They've moved
               | onto chiplet designed SoC's with little to no care about
               | upgradability.
        
               | restlake wrote:
               | They have done this previously for dual socket Xeons.
               | Historical precedence doesn't necessarily hold here, but
               | in fact, it's been done on the "cheese graters"
               | previously
        
               | pathartl wrote:
               | They've moved on to chiplet design. Don't disregard their
               | clear direction to SoC's with non-upgradeable RAM, GPU,
               | CPU.
        
               | MBCook wrote:
               | They also water-cooled them but I'd bet a lot of money we
               | never see that again either.
        
             | snowwrestler wrote:
             | Plus they are running out of M1 superlatives. They'll have
             | to go to M2 to avoid launching M1 Plaid.
        
               | rubslopes wrote:
               | M1 Series One
        
               | asddubs wrote:
               | m1 hyper turbo deluxe
               | 
               | or they could take a page out of microsofts book and just
               | call the next one "m one"
        
               | xattt wrote:
               | M1 One: The Second One!
        
               | noisy_boy wrote:
               | M1 Mark II ala Sony
        
               | ksec wrote:
               | They could do M1 More Thing.
        
             | aneutron wrote:
             | Bloomberg brought the Supermicro hit pieces. I personally
             | can't take them seriously anymore. Not after the second
             | article with 0 fact checking and sad attempt at an
             | irrelevant die shot. And their word is certainly irrelevant
             | against one of people who are working (and succeeding) at
             | running linux on M1.
        
             | faichai wrote:
             | The Mac Pro chip will be a 4x M2 Max
        
       | wdurden wrote:
       | Ahhh, reminiscent of the G4 Desktop Supercomputer ..
       | 
       | https://www.deseret.com/1999/9/1/19463524/apple-unveils-g4-d...
       | 
       | I kinda believe em this time, but time will tell.
        
       | ur-whale wrote:
       | Where be the Linux distro that can run on an M1 (ultra or
       | otherwise)?
       | 
       | Without having to be a kernel hacker, that is.
        
         | neogodless wrote:
         | This is the one that has that as a core goal:
         | 
         | https://asahilinux.org/
        
       | jedberg wrote:
       | Given how low the power consumption is for the power you get, I
       | wonder if we'll see a new push for Mac servers. In an age where
       | reducing power consumption in the datacenter is an advantage, it
       | seems like it would make a lot of sense.
        
         | MaxLeiter wrote:
         | I don't think this will be the case until they're more right to
         | repair friendly
        
           | Flankk wrote:
           | Most people don't want to repair, they want to replace. What
           | people really want is a modular computer, the way things used
           | to be. Right to repair is going to force legislation for
           | schematics, at best. Even then I don't think it's going to
           | happen. Like it or not, Apple builds integrated products now.
           | You are the old man grumbling about the iMac not including a
           | floppy drive.
        
             | MaxLeiter wrote:
             | I'm not complaining; I generally agree with you. But (I
             | believe) for people to invest in Macs for servers they need
             | to be able to fix and replace them faster than dealing with
             | Apple would allow.
        
               | MBCook wrote:
               | Honestly CPUs and memory fail very rarely. If the storage
               | was on standard m.2 sticks and maybe the I/O was on a
               | replaceable module in case Ethernet fails... would that
               | be enough to assuage most server concerns?
               | 
               | I don't see Apple getting back into that business. But I
               | think they have the ability to make a good option _if_
               | they want.
        
               | mst wrote:
               | Given the hyperscalers' tendency to just leave failed
               | machines in place in the rack because it's not worth the
               | money to even swap it out, for specifically cloud type
               | stuff the price point and density may be more relevant
               | than the repairability.
        
       | nonameiguess wrote:
       | > M1 Ultra features an extraordinarily powerful 20-core CPU with
       | 16 high-performance cores and four high-efficiency cores. It
       | delivers 90 percent higher multi-threaded performance than the
       | fastest available 16-core PC desktop chip in the same power
       | envelope.
       | 
       | Maybe not a _huge_ caveat, as 16-core chips in the same power
       | envelope probably covers most of what an average PC user is going
       | to have, but there are 64-core Threadrippers out there available
       | for a PC (putting aside that it 's entirely possible to put a
       | server motherboard and thus a server chip in a desktop PC case).
        
         | hoistbypetard wrote:
         | Is that Threadripper in anything like the "same power
         | envelope"?
        
           | ollien wrote:
           | If I'm reading the graph in the press release right, M1 Ultra
           | will have a TDP of 60W, right? A 3990X has a TDP of 280W. I
           | know TDP != power draw, and that everyone calculates TDP
           | differently, but looking purely at orders of magnitude, no,
           | it's not even close.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | eloff wrote:
         | "in the same power envelope" is a pretty big caveat. Desktop
         | chips aren't very optimized for power consumption.
         | 
         | I'd like to see the actual performance comparison.
        
         | adfgadfgaery wrote:
         | That line is blatantly dishonest, but not for the reasons you
         | pointed out. While the i9-12900K is a 16-core processor, it
         | uses Intel's version of big.LITTLE. Eight of its 16 cores are
         | relatively low performance 'E' cores. This means it has only
         | half the performance cores of the M1 Ultra, yet it achieves 3/4
         | of the performance by Apple's own graphic.
         | 
         | Alder Lake has been repeatedly shown to outperform M1 core-per-
         | core. The M1 Ultra is just way bigger. (And way more power
         | efficient, which is a tremendous achievement for laptops but
         | irrelevant for desktops.)
        
       | raverbashing wrote:
       | I'm reading the Ultrafusion description and besides all the talk
       | what I can think of is: NUMA?
        
       | j_d_b wrote:
       | M1 has the most powerful chip ever yet it still can't handle two
       | monitors.
        
         | neogodless wrote:
         | This is not relevant to the Apple M1 Ultra.
         | 
         | From the Mac Studio technical specifications
         | 
         | > Simultaneously supports up to five displays:
         | 
         | > Support for up to four Pro Display XDRs (6K resolution at
         | 60Hz and over a billion colors) over USB-C and one 4K display
         | (4K resolution at 60Hz and over a billion colors) over HDMI
        
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